hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lansberg (crater)
Lansberg is a lunar impact crater on the Mare Insularum. It can be located by following a line south-southwest from Copernicus to Reinhold, then southwest to Lansberg. The crater has a high rim and a central mountain. There are terraces along the inner walls, and the tops have slumped to produce a sharp edge. This formation is not noticeably eroded, and there are no significant impact craters within the interior.

The crater is correctly spelled "Lansberg", but has sometimes been written "Landsberg" instead. It is named for the Belgian/Dutch astronomer Philippe van Lansberge.

Lansberg is a crater of Upper (Late) Imbrian age.

Approximately 40 km to the southeast of Lansberg is the landing site of the Luna 5 probe, and a further 60 km in the same direction is the landing site of Surveyor 3 and Apollo 12.

Reinhold (crater)
Reinhold is a prominent lunar impact crater that lies to the south-southwest of the crater Copernicus, on the Mare Insularum. It was named after 16th century German astronomer and mathematician Erasmus Reinhold. To the southwest is the slightly smaller crater Lansberg.

The interior walls are terraced and the irregular outer ramparts are visible against the flat surface of the mare. The interior floor is relatively featureless, with only a few low rises. Just to the northeast is a low, flooded crater designated Reinhold B.

Reinhold is a crater of Eratosthenian age.
Deng Julong
Deng Julong (Chinese: 邓聚龙; January 1933 – June 22, 2013) was a professor of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. He is acknowledged as the founder of grey system theory, first proposed in 1982 with the publication of his paper "Control problems of grey systems," in the international journal Systems and Control Letter, edited at the time by Roger W. Brockett, a professor at Harvard University. This theory underlies the theory of grey relational analysis. His theory inspired many noted scholars like Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest, Liu Sifeng, Wang Jianwei, and Keith W. Hipel, recipient of Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Prize.

Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest
Yi Lin (Chinese: 林益; born 1959), also known as Jeffrey Forrest and Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest, is a professor of mathematics, systems science, economics, and finance at Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (Slippery Rock campus) (SSHE) and at several major universities in China. Lin has been an active researcher in the field of systems science since mid-1980s and serves as the founder and president of the International Institute for General Systems Studies (IIGSS).
Northcote Park Football Club
The Northcote Park Football Club, nicknamed the Cougars, is an Australian rules football club, located 6 km north of Melbourne, in the suburb of Northcote, currently playing in Division 2 of the Northern Football League.

The club has been known as Northcote Park since 1952 and play their home matches at Bill Lawry Oval, Northcote. Northcote Park have won a total of 17 premierships (5 as Prince of Wales FC). Their premiership years were 1947 to 1951, 1957, 1977 to 1979, 1985, 1994, 1997, 1999 to 2002, and 2012.

Bill Lawry Oval
Bill Lawry Oval (formerly known as Northcote Park) is an Australian rules football and cricket venue located in the Melbourne suburb of Northcote. It is most notable as the home ground of the Northcote Cricket Club in the Victorian Premier Cricket, and of the Northcote Football Club in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).
Mwanzange
Mwanzange (Kata ya Mwanzange , in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Tanga City Council of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The ward's northern boundaries are formed by Nguvumali and Chumbageni. Majengo and Msambweni border the ward on its eastern side. Duga ward and Tangasisi are to the south. Maweni is in the west. Tanga Airport is located entirely within Mwanzage's borders. The ward covers an area of 7.6 km2 (2.9 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 21 m (69 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 7,521.

Tangasisi
Tangasisi (Kata ya Tangasisi, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Tanga City Council of Tanga Region in Tanzania. Mwanzange, Duga, Mabawa, and Mzingani form the ward's northern border. The Pemba Channel forms the eastern boundary of the ward. Tongoni is to the south. Maweni is to the west.
The ward covers an area of 38.9 km2 (15.0 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 27 m (89 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 19,149. The ward was the birthplace, home of national poet Shaaban bin Robert in Vibamba village and is also his final resting place at Machui village.
Linoleic acid
Linoleic acid (LA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH. Both alkene groups (−CH=CH−) are cis. It is a fatty acid sometimes denoted 18:2 (n−6) or 18:2 cis-9,12. A linoleate is a salt or ester of this acid.

Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated, omega−6 fatty acid. It is a colorless liquid that is virtually insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents. It typically occurs in nature as a triglyceride (ester of glycerin) rather than as a free fatty acid. It is one of two essential fatty acids for humans, who must obtain it through their diet, and the most essential, because the body uses it as a base to make the others.

The word "linoleic" derives from Latin  linum 'flax' and  oleum 'oil', reflecting the fact that it was first isolated from linseed oil.

Polyunsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.
Some polyunsaturated fatty acids are essentials. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are precursors to and are derived from polyunsaturated fats, which include drying oils.
Ciales, Puerto Rico
Ciales (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsjales], locally [ˈsjaleʔ]) is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico, located on the Central Mountain Range, northwest of Orocovis; south of Florida and Manatí; east of Utuado and Jayuya; and west of Morovis. Ciales is spread over eight barrios and Ciales Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area
The San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area, most commonly known as the San Juan metropolitan area (Spanish: área metropolitana de San Juan), is the largest and most populous metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Puerto Rico, concentrated in the capital of San Juan and surrounding municipalities, including Bayamón, Caguas, and Carolina, on the northeastern coastal plain of the main island. One of 6 metropolitan statistical areas in Puerto Rico, it is within the San Juan–Bayamón combined statistical area (CSA), which is one of 3 combined statistical areas in the archipelago as defined by the United States Census Bureau. As of 2023, the estimated population of the San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area is 842,535 in municipalities in the conurbation and 1,193,198 in municipalities outside the urban core, making it the fourth largest in the insular Caribbean.
Peeter Põld
Peeter Siegfried Nikolaus Põld (12 July 1878 Puru, Wierland County – 1 September 1930) was an Estonian pedagogy specialist, school director, and politician (member of the Estonian People's Party), and the first Estonian Minister of Education. He was born in Puru, Kreis Wierland, Governorate of Estonia. As the curator of the University of Tartu (1918–1925), he oversaw the university's transition to instruction in Estonian in the newly independent country.

Puru, Estonia
Puru is a village in Jõhvi Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia.

Jõhvi Airfield (ICAO: EEJI) is located on the territories of Puru village.

Pedagogic scientist, school director and politician Peeter Põld (1878–1930) was born in Puru.
Chardonnay family
The Chardonnay family, also Chardonnet and Chardonnay de Bicherel or Chardonnay de La Marne, is a lineage of the French nobility of ancient extraction, with documented origins in Montfort-l'Amaury in Yvelines and Machecoul, in Brittany. According to family tradition, the Chardonnays claimed descent from the Counts of Montfort-l’Amaury. The family’s nobility was confirmed by the royal council in 1668 and by the Chambre de la réformation de la noblesse de Bretagne in 1669. The family's principal estates included Bardelle, Tremblay, Bicherel, Le Vivier (Vicq), Vigny-en-Drouais, Fresnay-en-Retz, Machecoul, La Marne, and La Tamiserie. Elevated to a marquisate in the eighteenth century, its members figured as courtiers, military officers, émigrés during the Revolution, and later in nineteenth-century diplomacy. Members of the family held positions at the French royal court over a period of four centuries.

Machecoul
Machecoul (French pronunciation: [maʃku(l)]; Breton: Machikoul) is a former commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Machecoul-Saint-Même. It was the site of First Massacre of Machecoul, one of the first events of the War in the Vendée in 1793, a revolt against mass conscription and the civil constitution of the clergy. Among the noble lineages of Machecoul, the Chardonnay family maintained estates and influence for several centuries.
Roky Erickson
Roger Kynard "Roky" Erickson (July 15, 1947 – May 31, 2019) was an American musician and singer-songwriter. Called an "outsider genius," he was a founding member and leader of the 13th Floor Elevators, as well as a pioneer of psychedelic rock music during the mid to late 1960s. Additionally, he founded the band Roky Erickson and the Aliens in the late 1970s.

Doug Sahm
Douglas Wayne Sahm (November 6, 1941 – November 18, 1999) was an American musician, singer-songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist from San Antonio, Texas.  He is regarded as a key Tex-Mex music and Texan Music performer.  San Antonio's conjunto and blues and later the hippie scene of San Francisco helped create his blend of music, with which he found success performing in 1970s Austin, Texas.

He made his recording debut as "Little Doug" in 1955. In 1965, Huey P. Meaux produced Sahm and the Sir Douglas Quintet's "She's About a Mover."  Atlantic Records signed Sahm and released his debut solo album Doug Sahm and Band in 1973.  In 1989, Sahm formed the supergroup the Texas Tornados with fellow Tex-Mex musicians Augie Meyers, Freddy Fender and Flaco Jiménez. The Texas Tornados toured successfully, and one of their releases earned a Grammy Award.  In 1999, Sahm died during a vacation trip.
Downtown Deming Historic District
The Downtown Deming Historic District, in Deming, New Mexico, is a 30 acres (12 ha) historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.  It is roughly bounded by Silver Ave., Pine, Maple & Copper Streets.

It includes 63 contributing buildings and two contributing structures.

It includes:

J.A. Mahoney Building (1912), 122 South Gold Avenue, designed by architects Trost & Trost, separately listed on the National Register in 1980

Deming Armory (1916), now the Deming·Luna Mimbres Museum, 301 South Silver Avenue, designed by Trost & Trost

Mahoney Building
The J.A. Mahoney Building, or Mahoney Building, at Gold and Spruce Sts. in Deming, New Mexico, was built in 1912.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

It is also a contributing building in the Downtown Deming Historic District.

It was designed by El Paso architects Trost & Trost.  It was built by Joseph Mahoney "a leading merchant and landowner of Deming and Luna County, to house his hardware and home furnishings store (basement and ground level) and to provide ample and, for the time, luxurious private office space on the second floor (sixteen offices, plus a large reception area, two residential suites and a wide corridor)."

It is now doctors offices and other businesses.
Charles Nicholson Jewel Oliver
Charles Nicholson Jewel Oliver CMG (24 April 1848 – 14 June 1920) was a first-class cricketer and public servant in Australia.

Born in Hobart, Van Diemen's Land, Oliver entered the New South Wales Civil Service, and was appointed Under-Secretary for Lands in November 1880. He then became one of the Commissioners of Railways under the new non-political system of control.
In 1906 the Legislative council passed the Railway Commissioners Appointment Act, with the provision that it should not take effect until a new set of commissioners had been selected. So Oliver retired in April 1907 along with David Kirkcaldie and William Meeke Fehon, and the new Chief commissioner, Tom Richard Johnson, appointed. Kirkcaldie was appointed assistant commissioner for railways and Harry Richardson assistant commissioner for tramways.

Oliver played three games of cricket for New South Wales between 1865 and 1873. He was a member of the Sydney Cricket Ground Trust and chairman from 1898.

He died in 1920.

W. M. Fehon
William Meeke Fehon (5 March 1834 – 4 February 1911) was a businessman in Victoria and New South Wales. His appointment as a New South Wales Railways Commissioner and consequent Royal Commission, led to the downfall of the Parkes Ministry.
Art of Noise
Art of Noise (also the Art of Noise) were a British avant-garde and electronic group formed in early 1983 by engineer/producer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik, along with keyboardist/arranger Anne Dudley, producer Trevor Horn, and music journalist Paul Morley. The group had international Top 20 hits with its interpretations of "Kiss", featuring Tom Jones, and the instrumental "Peter Gunn", which won a 1986 Grammy Award.

The group's mostly instrumental compositions were novel melodic sound collages based on digital sampler technology, which was new at the time. Inspired by turn-of-the-20th-century revolutions in music, the Art of Noise were initially packaged as a faceless anti- or non-group, blurring the distinction between the art and its creators. The band is noted for innovative use of electronics and computers in pop music, particularly its innovative use of sampling.

Close (to the Edit)
"Close (to the Edit)" is a single by the English avant-garde synth-pop group Art of Noise, released in 1984 by ZTT Records. The song appeared on the group's debut studio album Who's Afraid of the Art of Noise? (1984) and different versions were issued on various other formats in October of that year. It was closely related to their earlier single (and hip-hop club hit) "Beat Box", though the two tracks were developed as separate pieces from an early stage. The single reached number eight in the UK singles chart in February 1985, and its music video won two awards at the 1985 MTV Video Music Awards. The song's spoken word "Hey!" has been sampled by a number of other artists through the years.
Bertiella (flatworm)
Bertiella is a genus of cestode tapeworm parasites that primarily infects nonhuman primates, rodents and Australian marsupials. Infections by Bertiella are known as bertielliasis. Occasional human infections have been documented by one of two species: Bertiella studeri, or Bertiella mucronata. Bertiella transmission is through oribatid mites that are present in the soil of problem areas, and can be easily prevented by avoiding contact with nonhuman primates, rodents and soil in these areas.

Bertiella mucronata
Bertiella mucronata is a species of Bertiella, a type of cestode tapeworms known to cause Bertielliasis. It belongs to the genus Bertiella, family Anoplocephalidae. This is one of two species of Bertiella that can cause the condition in humans (the other being Bertiella studeri).
Buerton, Cheshire East
Buerton is a village (at SJ685435) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about 7 miles south of the town of Nantwich and 1½ miles east of the village of Audlem, on the border with Shropshire. The parish also includes the small settlements of Hankins Heys, Moblake, Pinder's End and Three Wells, as well as parts of Chapel End, College Fields, Kinsey Heath, Longhill, Raven's Bank, Sandyford and Woolfall. In 2001, the total population was a little under 500, which had increased marginally to 503 at the 2011 Census. Nearby villages include Adderley, Audlem, Bridgemere, Hankelow, Hatherton, Hunsterson and Woore.

Hunsterson
Hunsterson is a hamlet (at SJ697461) and former civil parish, now in the parish of Doddington and District, in the unitary authority area of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The hamlet is located 2¾ miles to the north east of Audlem and 6 miles to the south of Crewe. The parish also included the settlements of Brown Moss, Four Lane End, Foxes Bank and Whittaker's Green. In 2011 the parish had a population of 163. Nearby villages include Audlem, Buerton, Hatherton and Hankelow.
Carré du champ operator
The carré du champ operator (French for square of a field operator) is a bilinear, symmetric operator from analysis and probability theory. The carré du champ operator measures how far an infinitesimal generator is from being a derivation.

The operator was introduced in 1969 by Hiroshi Kunita and independently discovered in 1976 by Jean-Pierre Roth in his doctoral thesis.

The name "carré du champ" comes from electrostatics.

Markov operator
In probability theory and ergodic theory, a Markov operator is an operator on a certain function space that conserves the mass (the so-called Markov property). If the underlying measurable space is topologically sufficiently rich enough, then the Markov operator admits a kernel representation. Markov operators can be linear or non-linear. Closely related to Markov operators is the Markov semigroup.

The definition of Markov operators is not entirely consistent in the literature. Markov operators are named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov.
Calotype
Not to be confused with  the similar-sounding Kallitype process

Calotype or talbotype is an early photographic process introduced in 1841 by William Henry Fox Talbot, using paper coated with silver iodide. Paper texture effects in calotype photography limit the ability of this early process to record low contrast details and textures.

The term calotype comes from the Ancient Greek καλός (kalos), "beautiful", and τύπος (typos), "impression".

Paper texture effects in calotype photography
Paper texture effects in calotype photography limit the ability of this early process to record low contrast details and textures.  A calotype is a photographic negative produced on uncoated paper.  (See Paper negative.)  An important feature is that a relatively short exposure in a camera produces a latent image that is subsequently made visible by development.  Then positive images for viewing are obtained by contact printing.  This technique was in use principally from 1840 into the 1850s, when it was displaced by photography on glass.  Skilled photographers were able to achieve dramatic results with the calotype process, and the reason for its eclipse may not be evident from viewing reproductions of early work.
Opekta
Opekta was a German pectin and spice company that existed between 1928 and 1995. It is notable for its Dutch operation being based in the building at Prinsengracht 263 that later became the Anne Frank House. Opekta was based in Cologne and expanded into the Netherlands in 1933, at which time Otto Frank moved from Germany to Amsterdam to become managing director of the new Dutch operation. Otto Frank was in charge of the manufacturing and distribution of the pectin-based gelling preparations, to be used in jam making.

The company continued to trade from the same building while Frank, his family (including his youngest daughter Anne Frank) and several other Jews hid from persecution stemming from the Nazi Occupation of the Netherlands during the Second World War.

Victor Kugler
Victor Kugler (5 June 1900 – 14 December 1981) was one of the people who helped hide Anne Frank and her family and others during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. In Anne Frank's posthumously published diary, Het Achterhuis, known in English as The Diary of a Young Girl, he was referred to under the pseudonym Mr. Kraler.
Caudill Rowlett Scott
Caudill Rowlett Scott (CRS) was an architecture firm founded in Houston, Texas, the United States in 1946.  In 1983, J.E. Sirrine, an industrial engineering firm, merged with the company and the company's name was changed to CRSS, popularly known as CRS-Sirrine. It divested itself in 1994.

King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) is a nonprofit research university in Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

Founded near the earliest local oil fields, initially as the College of Petroleum & Minerals (1963) in response to the booming energy industry of Saudi Arabia, the university centers around science, technology, engineering, and business subjects. The university ranks 5th and 7th globally in petroleum engineering & mining engineering, respectively, according to the QS subject rankings. In 2024, the university was ranked 5th globally for its number of U.S. utility patents, by the National Academy of Inventors (NAI),. In 2025, it placed first in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region, based on Times Higher Education rankings, and in 2026, it reached 67th globally according to QS Ranking.  According to the NAI, KFUPM has consecutively held the record of the highest STEM patent-per-capita rate in the world since 2023.
Regional Bell Operating Company
A Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) was a corporate entity created as result of the antitrust lawsuit by the United States Department of Justice against the Western Electric Company and American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1949 and a suit in 1974 against AT&T (United States v. AT&T). The suits were settled in the Modification of Final Judgment in August 1982.

AT&T agreed to divest its local exchange service operating companies, effective January 1, 1984. The group of local operating companies were split into seven independent Regional Bell Operating Companies, which became known as the Baby Bells.

Three companies still exist that have an RBOC as a predecessor: AT&T, Verizon, and Lumen Technologies (formerly CenturyTel and CenturyLink). Some other companies are holding onto smaller segments of the companies.

NYNEX
NYNEX Corporation (/ˈnaɪnɛks/) was an American telephone company that served five states of New England (Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont) as well as most of the state of New York from January 1, 1984, to August 14, 1997.
Karoonda, South Australia
Karoonda is a town in the middle of the Murray Mallee region of South Australia (60 km (37 mi) northeast of Murray Bridge). The current boundaries include the former town of Lowaldie, which was the next stop on the railway line away from Adelaide.

Barmera railway line
The Barmera railway line was the second railway built to develop the Murray Mallee region of South Australia, in 1913. It followed the success of the Pinnaroo railway line in 1906. Both lines branched east from Tailem Bend to the north of the main Melbourne–Adelaide railway. The Brown's Well line was the more northerly, and extended into country which had not been developed much before the railway, partly due to the absence of any viable transport route for produce. The original terminus of the Brown's Well railway was at Meribah, not far from the Victorian border.

Such was the optimism about this region, that three lines from the Brown's Well line to the Murray River, and an additional line between it and the Pinnaroo line, were approved even before it was completed. It was extended further to Renmark and Barmera in the 1920s, along with construction of another spur from Wanbi to near Moorook in 1925.