hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Listed buildings in Culgaith
Culgaith is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England. It contains 23 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Culgaith, Skirwith, and Kirkland and is otherwise rural.  The listed buildings consist of houses and associated structures, farmhouses, farm buildings, churches and items in the churchyards, a chapel, a war memorial, and three boundary stones.

Skirwith
Skirwith is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Culgaith, in the Westmorland and Furness district, in the county of Cumbria, England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 227. On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Culgaith.

Skirwith is seven miles from Penrith in a generally north-easterly direction, on a minor road about a mile from Blencarn. Just to the south are remains of a priory, now incorporated in farm buildings.

Notable residents of Skirwith include the Franciscan missionary John Bradburne.
Food Valley
Food Valley is a region in the Netherlands where international food companies, research institutes, and Wageningen University and Research Centre are concentrated. The Food Valley area is the home of a large number of food multinationals and within the Food Valley about 15,000 professionals are active in food related sciences and technological development. Far more are involved in the manufacturing of food products. Food Valley, with the city of Wageningen as its center, is intended to form a dynamic heart of knowledge for the international food industry.

Within this region, Foodvalley NL is intended to create conditions so that food manufacturers and knowledge institutes can work together in developing new and innovating food concepts.

Wageningen
Wageningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋaːɣənɪŋə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a historic city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specialises in life sciences. The municipality had a population of 39,635 in 2021, of which many thousands are students from over 150 countries.
Coronilla
The genus Coronilla contains 8 species of flowering plants native to Europe and North Africa. It contained about 20 species until Securigera was split off.

Species include:

Coronilla coronata

Coronilla juncea

Coronilla minima

Coronilla ramosissima

Coronilla repanda

Coronilla scorpioides

Coronilla vaginalis

Coronilla valentina

Species that were part of the genus include:

Securigera elegans

Securigera orientalis

Securigera varia L. (crown vetch)

Coronilla valentina
Coronilla valentina, the shrubby scorpion-vetch,smokebush, scorpion vetch or bastard senna, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Coronilla of the legume family Fabaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin, and introduced into Kenya and the United States. It is an evergreen shrub growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall and wide, with pea-like foliage and fragrant, brilliant yellow flowers in spring and summer, followed by slender pods. Linnaeus observed that the flowers, remarkably fragrant in the daytime, are almost scentless at night.

In cultivation it is fairly hardy, but prefers Mediterranean conditions, with shelter and warm sunshine. The subspecies C. valentina subsp. glauca (syn. C. glauca) and its cultivar 'Citrina' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017).
37th Infantry Presidential Guard Battalion
The 37th Infantry Battalion "Guardia Presidencial" (Presidential Guard Battalion) (Spanish: Batallón de Infantería Guardia Presidencial, BIGUP) is the President of Colombia's honor guard service unit under the National Army of Colombia. It is composed of five companies, a historical company and one artillery battery plus a military band, a fanfare trumpet section and a Corps of Drums. It is stationed at the Casa de Nariño in Bogotá and carries the traditions of Simon Bolivar's infantry guards company raised in the midst of the Spanish American wars of independence in 1815.

5th Division (Colombia)
The 5th Division (Spanish: Quinta División del Ejército Nacional de Colombia) is one of the eight main infantry divisions of the National Army of Colombia that specialized in combined arms, counterinsurgency, and jungle and mountain warfare. It based in the city of Bogotá consisting of five brigades the 1st Brigade based in Tunja, the 6th Brigade based in Ibagué, the 8th Brigade based in Neiva, the 9th Brigade based in Neiva and the 13th Brigade based in Bogotá and also the biggest Brigade in the Colombian Army.
Jason-1
Jason-1  was a satellite altimeter oceanography mission. It sought to monitor global ocean circulation, study the ties between the ocean and the atmosphere, improve global climate forecasts and predictions, and monitor events such as El Niño and ocean eddies. Jason-1 was launched in 2001 and it was followed by OSTM/Jason-2 in 2008, and Jason-3 in 2016 – the Jason satellite series. Jason-1 was launched alongside the TIMED spacecraft.

Jason satellite series
The oceanographic altimeter satellites of the Jason series have been collecting high accuracy measurements of the global ocean's topography since early 1990s, providing a continuous data record of the ocean's response to climate change, especially sea level rise. They also measure topography of inland waters, which is important for understanding droughts and floods. The Jason series satellites have been developed and operated by a broad collaboration of US and European institutions including NASA, CNES, NOAA, EUMETSAT, and ESA. The latest iteration, two identical Jason-CS/Sentinel-6 satellites, is part of the European Union's Copernicus Programme.
Thakhek
Thakhek (Lao: ທ່າແຂກ, pronounced [tʰāː kʰɛ̏ːk]), the capital of Khammouane Province, is a town in south-central Laos on the Mekong River and the administrative centre of the district with the same name. The Third Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge, linking Thakhek and Nakhon Phanom, Thailand, across the river, started in 2009 and was opened on 11 November 2011.

The city has French colonial style official buildings, villas, and shops. In 1943, 85% of the population of Thakhek were Vietnamese due to the French policy of encouraging Vietnamese immigrants to Laos. Remnants of the abortive Thakhek-Tan Ap railway can be seen in and near the town. The railway would have run between Thakhek and Tân Ấp Railway Station, Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam through the Mụ Giạ Pass.

Nakhon Phanom
Nakhon Phanom (Thai: นครพนม, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn pʰā.nōm]; Northeastern Thai: นครพนม, pronounced [nà(ʔ).kʰɔ᷇ːn pʰā.no᷇m]) is a town (thesaban mueang) in northeastern Thailand, capital of Nakhon Phanom Province. The town covers tambons Nai Mueang and Nong Saeng and parts of tambons At Samat and Nong Yat, all in Mueang Nakhon Phanom District. As of 2006, it had a population of 27,591. This town is located 736 kilometres (457 mi) northeast of Bangkok.
George Pease (architect)
George Pease, 4th Baron Gainford (20 April 1926 – 12 March 2022) was a British architect and town planner and a member of the Pease family of Darlington, County Durham, England. He succeeded his brother as 4th Baron Gainford in 2013, but did not use the title.

Pease was educated at Eton College and served in World War II in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve. He was an architect at the Royal Institute of British Architects and at the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland and a town planner at the Royal Town Planning Institute; County Planning Officer for Ross and Cromarty 1967–1975 and a Scottish Office Inquiry Reporter 1978–1993.

He died at Moncreiffe Care Home in Perth, on 12 March 2022, at the age of 95.

Baron Gainford
Baron Gainford, of Headlam in the County Palatine of Durham, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 3 January 1917 for the Liberal politician Jack Pease, a member of the Darlington Pease family. He notably served as President of the Board of Education from 1911 to 1915. Pease was the second son of Sir Joseph Pease, 1st Baronet, and the grandson of Joseph Pease, while Arthur Pease was his uncle and Sir Arthur Pease, 1st Baronet, Beaumont Pease, 1st Baron Wardington, and Herbert Pease, 1st Baron Daryngton, were his first cousins. The third baron was a former member of the London County Council and of the Greater London Council. As of 2013 the title is held by his younger brother, the fourth baron, an architect and town planner; County Planning Officer for Ross and Cromarty 1967–1975 and Scottish Office Inquiry Reporter 1978–1993.
West Greenwich, Rhode Island
West Greenwich is a town in Kent County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 6,528 at the 2020 census. West Greenwich was named for the historic town of Greenwich, Kent, England.  It was separated from East Greenwich in 1741. Students go to Exeter-West Greenwich Regional School District in West Greenwich.

Kent County, Rhode Island
Kent County is a county located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 170,363, making it the second-most populous county in Rhode Island. The county was formed in 1750 from the southern third of Providence County. It was named after the county of Kent, England. Kent County, like other counties in Rhode Island, no longer has governmental functions (other than as court administrative and sheriff corrections boundaries). Its seat is East Greenwich. Kent County is included in the Providence-Warwick, RI-MA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which in turn constitutes a portion of the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.
Bjoa
Bjoa is a village in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located along the coast of the Bjoafjorden, just across the fjord from the island of Borgundøya. The village has a kindergarten and an elementary school, serving the northern portion of Vindafjord Municipality.

Bjoa is the site of a large blueberry farm as well as several companies such as Tveit Maskin AS and T.Sandsgård Anlegg AS. The headquarters of Granberg AS is also located in Innbjoa. Granberg is the biggest import company in Norway for Gloves. Bjoa Church is also located in the village.

Gråhorga is the tallest mountain in the area, measuring at 740 metres (2,430 ft) above sea level. Another smaller mountain near Bjoa is Steinslandsåta, a small hill measuring 249 metres (817 ft) above sea level.

Bjoa Church
Bjoa Church (Norwegian: Bjoa kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bjoa. It is one of the two churches for the Ølen og Bjoa parish which is part of the Haugaland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design and in a neo-Gothic style in 1895 using designs by the architect Hartvig Sverdrup Eckhoff. The church seats about 250 people.
Ropalidia
Ropalidia is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus Ropalidia is unusual because it contains both independent and swarm-founding species. Ropalidia romandi is one of the swarm founding species, meaning that new nests are founded by a large group of workers with a smaller number of inseminated females (egg-laying foundresses), while Ropalidia revolutionalis is independent-founding, meaning that each nest is founded by a single foundress.

Ropalidia romandi
Ropalidia romandi, also known as the yellow brown paper wasp or the yellow paper wasp. is a species of paper wasp found in Northern and Eastern Australia. R. romandi is a swarm-founding wasp, and manages perennial nests. Its nests are known as 'paper bag nests' and have different architectural structures, depending on the substrates from which they are built. The specific name honors Gustave, baron de Romand, a prominent French political figure and amateur entomologist.

Because swarm-founding colonies can contain more than one egg-laying queen, they tend to challenge current kin selection theory. in that they do not meet William D. Hamilton’s rule of haplodiploid eusocial Hymenoptera, in which all the sisters from a single mating of one queen with a parthenogenetically-produced male will share 75% of their genes. This wasp often has multiple strepsipteran endoparasites, and it delivers a very painful sting when threatened.
Azuma, Ibaraki
Azuma (東町, Azuma-machi) was a town located in Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 12,703 and a population density of 206.72 persons per km2. The total area was 61.45 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Azuma, along with the towns of Edosaki and Shintone, and the village of Sakuragawa (all from Inashiki District), was merged to create the city of Inashiki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Sakuragawa, Ibaraki (village)
Sakuragawa (桜川村, Sakuragawa-mura) was a village located in Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of March 2005, the village had an estimated population of 7,075 and a population density of 207.42 persons per km2. The total area was 34.11 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Sakuragawa, along with the towns of Azuma, Edosaki and Shintone (all from Inashiki District), was merged to create the city of Inashiki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Asada (crater)
Asada is a small lunar impact crater located at the northern edge of Mare Fecunditatis, to the northeast of the crater Taruntius. It is a circular crater formation with inner walls that slope down toward a small central floor at the midpoint. Asada was designated Taruntius A prior to being named by the IAU.

Taruntius (crater)
Taruntius is a lunar impact crater on the northwestern edge of Mare Fecunditatis. It was named after ancient Roman philosopher, mathematician and astrologer Lucius Tarutius Firmanus. To the northwest is the lava-flooded crater Lawrence, and to the north lie the craters Watts and da Vinci.
Motion compensation
Motion compensation in computing is an algorithmic technique used to predict a frame in a video given the previous and/or future frames by accounting for motion of the camera or objects in the video. It is employed in the encoding of video data for video compression, for example, in the generation of MPEG-2 files. Motion compensation describes a picture in terms of the transformation of a reference picture to the current picture. The reference picture may be previous in time or even from the future. When images can be accurately synthesized from previously transmitted/stored images, the compression efficiency can be improved.

Motion compensation is one of the two key video compression techniques used in video coding standards, along with the discrete cosine transform (DCT). Most video coding standards, such as the H.26x and MPEG formats, typically use motion-compensated DCT hybrid coding, known as block motion compensation (BMC) or motion-compensated DCT (MC DCT).

Motion estimation
In computer vision and image processing, motion estimation is the process of determining motion vectors that describe the transformation from one 2D image to another; usually from adjacent frames in a video sequence. It is an ill-posed problem as the motion happens in three dimensions (3D) but the images are a projection of the 3D scene onto a 2D plane. The motion vectors may relate to the whole image (global motion estimation) or specific parts, such as rectangular blocks, arbitrary shaped patches or even per pixel. The motion vectors may be represented by a translational model or many other models that can approximate the motion of a real video camera, such as rotation and translation in all three dimensions and zoom.
Fatuberlio Administrative Post
Fatuberlio, officially Fatuberlio Administrative Post (Portuguese: Posto Administrativo de Fatuberlio, Tetum: Postu administrativu Fatu-Berliu), is an administrative post (and was formerly a subdistrict) in the Manufahi municipality of Timor-Leste. Its seat or administrative centre is Clacuc.

Manufahi Municipality
Manufahi (Portuguese: Município Manufahi, Tetum: Munisípiu Manufahi) is one of the municipalities of Timor-Leste. It has a population of 53,691 (2015 census) and an area of 1,323 km2. The capital of the municipality is Same.
Belfield, North Dakota
Belfield is a city in Stark County, North Dakota, United States and only 15 minutes from Theodore Roosevelt National Park. The population was 996 at the 2020 census. Belfield was founded in 1883, and has seen many boom and busts in this oil-rich part of North Dakota. It is part of the Dickinson Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In 1883 Belfield was struck by a tornado that swept away nine houses but did not cause any deaths. It was known as "The Remarkable Tornado of 1883." Exactly one year later the area was hit by another tornado, which destroyed crops and caused total losses at some farms near Belfield.

Dickinson micropolitan area, North Dakota
The Dickinson Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Census Bureau as comprising all of Billings, Dunn, and Stark Counties in North Dakota, anchored by the city of Dickinson. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,686 and was estimated to be 38,861 in 2024.
The Cookout
The Cookout is a 2004 American comedy film directed by Lance Rivera, written by Ramsay Gbelawoe & Jeffrey Brian Holmes, and story by Queen Latifah, Shakim Compere, and Mikey Martin. The film introduces Quran Pender (credited as "Storm P") as Todd Anderson and stars Ja Rule, Tim Meadows, Jenifer Lewis, Meagan Good, Jonathan Silverman, Farrah Fawcett, Frankie Faison, Eve, Danny Glover, and a special appearance by Latifah. It tells the story of a basketball player who has joined the New Jersey Nets which his parents celebrate with a family cookout at his new home while a former classmate comes up with a devious plot.

This was the last film for both Carl Wright and Farrah Fawcett before their respective deaths in 2007 and 2009. The film was met with negative reviews.

In 2011, there was a sequel called The Cookout 2.

Kevin Phillips (actor)
Kevin Phillips is an American actor, best known for his leading role in Suna Gonera's Pride (2007), as well as his role in 2009's Notorious.
Kevin starred in the George Lucas-produced 2012 film Red Tails, which chronicles the story of the Tuskegee Airmen.
Yakgwa
Yakgwa (Korean: 약과), also called gwajul (과줄), is a type of yumil-gwa, which is deep-fried, wheat-based hangwa (Korean confection) made with honey,  cheongju (rice wine), sesame oil, and ginger juice. Traditionally, the sweet was offered in a jesa (ancestral rite) and enjoyed on festive days such as chuseok (harvest festival),  marriages, or hwangap (sixtieth-birthday) celebrations. In modern South Korea, it is also served as a dessert and can be bought at traditional markets or supermarkets.

Hangwa
Hangwa (Korean: 한과) is a general term for traditional Korean confections. With tteok (rice cakes), hangwa forms the sweet food category in Korean cuisine. Common ingredients of hangwa include grain flour, fruits and roots, sweet ingredients such as honey and yeot, and spices such as cinnamon and ginger.
Baeomorphidae
The Baeomorphidae (formerly known as Rotoitidae), are a very small family of rare, relictual parasitic wasps in the superfamily Chalcidoidea, known primarily from fossils (14 extinct species in two genera, Baeomorpha and Taimyromorpha). Only two extant species are known, each in its own genus, one from New Zealand and one from Chile, and little is known about their biology, though there is suspicion that they are parasitoids of the relictual true bug family Peloridiidae.

Females of the Chilean species, Chiloe micropteron, have their wings reduced to tiny bristles. Most fossil species are known from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Taimyr amber of Russia and Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Canadian amber, but one species, Baeomorpha liorum is known from the mid Cretaceous (late Albian-earliest Cenomanian) Burmese amber.

Baeomorphids are very close to the base of the chalcidoid family tree, presently considered to be the first "branch" taxon after the Mymaridae.

Chiloe micropteron
Chiloe micropteron is a species of wasp of the family Baeomorphidae (formerly treated as "Rotoitidae"). The species was described by Gibson and Huber in 2000 from specimens collected in Chile.  The generic name is derived from Chiloé Island where many of the specimens were collected, and the species name is derived from its very small forewings.
Hasan Özdemir
Hasan Özdemir (born 1 January 1947 in Oğuzeli) is a Turkish former police chief and politician. He was Istanbul Chief of Police from 1997 to 2000 and 2001 to 2003, and had previously been Chief of Police in a number of other provinces, including Ankara and Malatya, and governor of Ardahan Province. He was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 2007 for the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP).

Istanbul Chief of Police
The Istanbul Chief of Police (Turkish: İstanbul Emniyet Müdürü) is the head of the General Directorate of Security (Turkish National Police) of the Istanbul Province. Together with the Ankara Chief of Police it is traditionally the most important position in the Turkish police after the General Director of the General Directorate of Security.
Begbrook
Begbrook is a suburb of Bristol, between Stapleton and Frenchay, just north-west of the River Frome. It is named after the eponymous stream, which is a tributary of the River Frome. It is in the Frome Vale electoral ward of Bristol.

Begbrook Green Park and Begbrook Primary Academy are in the area.

The small Frenchay Village Museum is in Begbrook Green Park, bordering Frenchay.

Frome Vale
51°29′N 2°32′W﻿ / ﻿51.49°N 2.53°W﻿ / 51.49; -2.53

Frome Vale is an electoral ward in Bristol, England, lying northeast of the city centre. It is represented by two members on Bristol City Council, which as of 2024 are Louis Martin and Yassin Al Maghrabi of the Labour Party.
Organic volume
Organic volume, similar to organic growth, is a term used in business to describe the volume of a product produced due to a specific business process and not due to external circumstances such as acquisition from a separate source. For example, imagine a paper company that produces 1 million sheets of notebook paper per month from a plant but also buys 500,000 sheets of notebook paper at a discount from a surplus supplier in that same month, then sells all 1.5 million sheets of paper.  The total volume of notebook paper sold is 1.5 million sheets, however the organic volume of notebook paper sold is 1 million sheets of paper, since that was the amount actually produced from the paper company's own factory.

Organic growth
Organic business growth is related to the growth of natural systems and organisms, societies and economies, as a dynamic organizational process, i.e. it relates to business expansion founded on increased output, customer base expansion, and new product development, as opposed to growth by mergers and acquisitions, which is inorganic growth. An early reference to "organic growth" appeared in Inazo Nitobe's 1899 book The Soul of Japan.