hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Continental Copters El Tomcat
The Continental Copters El Tomcat was a 1950s American single-seat agricultural helicopter converted from a Bell 47G by Continental Copters of Fort Worth Texas. The first helicopter (the El Tomcat II) first flew in 1959 and was followed by a number of variants.

Bell 47
The Bell 47 is a single-rotor single-engine light helicopter manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It was based on the third Bell 30 prototype, which was the company's first helicopter designed by Arthur M. Young. The 47 became the first helicopter certified for civilian use on 8 March 1946. The first civilian delivery was made on 31 December 1946 to Helicopter Air Transport. More than 5,600 Bell 47s were produced, including those under license by Agusta in Italy, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan, and Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom. The Bell 47J Ranger is a modified version with a fully enclosed cabin and tail boom.
Danjon (crater)
Danjon is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies less than a crater diameter to the east-southeast of the larger crater Langemak. To the east-northeast of Danjon is the crater Perepelkin, and due south lies the walled plain Fermi.

The northeastern rim of Danjon is overlain by the smaller crater D'Arsonval. Danjon overlies the southeastern corner of the slightly smaller satellite crater Danjon X. The outer rim of this crater is worn and eroded, particularly at the southern end, and the interior floor is irregular and marked by several small craterlets.

The crater was named after French astronomer André Danjon by the IAU in 1970.

Perepelkin (lunar crater)
Perepelkin is a lunar impact crater that is located just to the south of the similar crater Love.  Attached to the exterior of its southern rim is the smaller Shirakatsi. Less than one crater diameter to the east-northeast is Lane, and to the west-southwest are the co-joined Danjon and D'Arsonval.

The rim of this crater is relatively heavily eroded, and is similar in appearance to Love to the north. Along the western inner wall is an odd, pear-shaped crater that is probably a merge of two impacts. There is a short chain of small craters along the southwestern inner wall. The floor is pitted by tiny impacts, but is relatively level compared to the surrounding terrain. There is a small central peak at the midpoint that has a ridge extension to the southeast.

The crater was named after Soviet astrophysicist Yevgeny Perepyolkin by the IAU in 1970.  The crater was known as Crater 285 prior to naming.
Business history
Business history is a historiographical field which examines the history of firms, business methods, government regulation and the effects of business on society. It also includes biographies of individual firms, executives, and entrepreneurs. It is related to economic history. It is distinct from "company history" which refers to official histories, usually funded by the company itself.

Alfred D. Chandler Jr.
Alfred DuPont Chandler Jr. (September 15, 1918 – May 9, 2007) was a professor of business history at Harvard Business School and Johns Hopkins University, who wrote extensively about the scale and the management structures of modern corporations. His works redefined business and economic history of industrialization. He received the Pulitzer Prize for History for The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business (1977). He was a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. He has been called "the doyen of American business historians".
Osbournby
Osbournby listenⓘ (locally pronounced Ozzenby or Ossenby) is a small village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish (including Spanby) at the 2011 census was 381.

It is located 5 miles (8.0 km) south from Sleaford on the A15 road near the A52 roundabout. Adjacent villages include Spanby, Aunsby and Threekingham. In 2001 the village had a population of 358.

The church is dedicated to St Peter and St Paul. The village public house is the Whichcote Arms on London Road (A15). There is a small primary school and nursery in the village.

A15 road (England)
The A15 is a major road in England. It runs north from Peterborough via Market Deeping, Bourne, Sleaford and Lincoln along a variety of ancient, Roman, and Turnpike alignments before it is interrupted at its junction with the M180 near Scawby. The road restarts 10 miles (16 km) east, and then continues north past Barton-upon-Humber, crossing the Humber on the Humber Bridge before terminating at Hessle near Kingston upon Hull.
Mealworm
Mealworms are the larval form of the yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, a species of darkling beetle.

The yellow mealworm beetle prefers a warmer climate and higher humidity. Male mealworm beetles release a sex pheromone to attract females to mate.

Tenebrio molitor has been used in biomedical research. Mealworms can be a dietary source for animals and humans. They are also considered pests, especially to food storage.

Pheromone
A pheromone (from Ancient Greek  φέρω (phérō) 'to bear' and  hormone) is a chemical that is secreted or excreted by an organism, which triggers a social response in members of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology.
Robert Musil
Robert Musil (Austrian German: [ˈroːbɛrt ˈmuːzɪl]; 6 November 1880 – 15 April 1942) was an Austrian philosophical writer. His unfinished novel, The Man Without Qualities (German: Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften), is generally considered to be one of the most important and influential modernist novels.

The Confusions of Young Törless
The Confusions of Young Törless (German: Die Verwirrungen des Zöglings Törleß), or Young Törless, is the literary debut of the Austrian philosophical novelist and essayist Robert Musil, first published in 1906. Musil's novel is ostensibly a Bildungsroman, a story of a young disoriented man searching for morals in society and their meaning for him.
First Battle of Ulrichen
The First Battle of Ulrichen in 1211 was a decisive defeat of Bernese troops under Duke Berthold V of Zähringen by the army of the Canton of Valais under the Bishop of Sion Landrich von Mont.  The battle took place near Ulrichen which is now part of Obergoms.  Many details about the battle are uncertain or questioned by historians.

Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen
Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen (1160 – 18 February 1218 in Freiburg im Breisgau), also known as Bertold V or Berchtold V, was Duke of Zähringen from 1186 until his death. He was the son of Berthold IV and Heilwig of Frohburg.
Drosera scorpioides
Drosera scorpioides, commonly called the shaggy sundew, is a pygmy sundew native to the Jarrah Forest region and southern coasts of Southwest Australia. Notable for its unusually large size relative to other pygmy sundews, D. scorpioides can produce rosettes measuring up to two inches in diameter and specimens may attain a height of up to 100 millimeters (approximately 3.9 inches). The species is found on white sand and clay, near swamps, on sand ridges, and is associated with laterite. The flowers are pink and white, appearing sometime between August and October. Depending on the form, D. scorpioides can be expected to live up to seven years.

Drosera
Drosera, which is  commonly known as the sundews, is one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with at least 194 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surfaces. The insects are used to supplement the poor mineral nutrition of the soil in which the plants grow. Various species, which vary greatly in size and form, are native to every continent except Antarctica.

Charles Darwin performed much of the early research into Drosera, engaging in a long series of experiments with Drosera rotundifolia, which were the first to confirm carnivory in plants.  In an 1860 letter, Darwin wrote, "...at the present moment, I care more about Drosera than the origin of all the species in the world".
George Tahanto
George Tahanto (died after 1704) (also known as Sagamore George or Tohanto) was a leader of the Nashaway tribe within the Pennacook confederation in what is now Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Tahanto was the nephew of Sachem Sholan.

Pennacook
The Pennacook, also known by the names Penacook and Pennacock, were Algonquian Indigenous people who lived in what is now Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and southern Maine. They were not a united tribe but a network of politically and culturally allied communities. Penacook was also the name of a specific Native village in what is now Concord, New Hampshire.

The Pennacook were related to but not a part of the original Wabanaki Confederacy, which includes the Miꞌkmaq, Maliseet, Passamaquoddy, and Penobscot peoples.
Taya Valkyrie
Kira Renée Magnin-Forster (born October 22, 1983), better known by her ring name Taya Valkyrie, is a Canadian professional wrestler, fitness competitor, and model. She is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where she is a member of MxM TV. She also wrestles in AEW's sister promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). Valkyrie is best known for her time in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA), where she is a record-tying 4-time AAA Reina de Reinas Champion (with her first reign being the longest in the title's history at 945 days), and Impact Wrestling, where she is a former one-time and longest-reigning Impact Knockouts Champion and a two-time Impact Knockouts World Tag Team Champion. She briefly wrestled for WWE under the ring name Franky Monet.

Lady Shani
Lady Shani (born March 2, 1993) is the ring name of a Mexican luchadora enmascarada, or masked professional wrestler, under contract with Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide. She made her debut in 2009 and until 2015 worked under the more generic name Sexy Lady before adopting her current name that same year. Initially she portrayed a ruda (a heel, or villain) but in 2017 she changed sides and became a tecnica (the face, or fan favorite). She is the cousin of Ludark Shaitan, with whom she both teamed with and fought against early in her career. Lady Shani's real name is not a matter of public record, which is traditional for  masked wrestlers in Mexico who have not been unmasked.

She is a two time AAA Reina de Reinas Champion in AAA; first from 2017 to early 2018, and again from December 2, 2018. One of the highlights of her career was a Lucha de Apuestas ("bet match") win over Faby Apache at Triplemanía XXVI, where Apache was forced to have her hair shaved off afterward.
Hoelsand
Hoelsand or Holssanden is a village in Sunndal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located along the river Driva, just west of the Vinnufossen waterfall. The village lies along the Norwegian National Road 70, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the village of Sunndalsøra and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of the village of Grøa.

The 0.2-square-kilometre (49-acre) village has a population (2024) of 324 and a population density of 1,620 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,200/sq mi).

Vinnufossen
Vinnufossen or Vinnufallet is one of the tallest waterfalls in Europe and the eighth-tallest in the world. The 845 m (2,772 ft) tall tiered horsetail waterfall is located just east of the village of Sunndalsøra in Sunndal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The falls are part of the Vinnu river which flows down from the Vinnufjellet mountain and it is fed from the Vinnufonna glacier. The falls flow into the Driva river near the village of Hoelsand.
Tiles of the Dragon
Tiles of the Dragon is a 1993 mahjong solitaire video game developed by id Software and published by Softdisk for DOS. It is one of eleven games id Software created for Softdisk, who paid $5000 for it as part of id Software's contractual obligation to them. Tiles of the Dragon was later included by Softdisk as part of "The Lost Game Collection of ID Software".

Softdisk
Softdisk was a software and Internet company based in Shreveport, Louisiana. Founded in 1981, its original products were disk magazines (which they termed "magazettes", for "magazine on diskette"). It was affiliated and partly owned by paper magazine Softalk at founding, but survived its demise.

The company has been known by a variety of names, including Softdisk Magazette, Softdisk Publishing, Softdisk, Inc., Softdisk Internet Services, Softdisk, L.L.C., and Magazines On Disk.

Softdisk is the former workplace of several of the founders of id Software.
Xanthopsoroma
Xanthopsoroma is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. It contains two species.

Xanthopsoroma was circumscribed as a new genus in 2010 when it was separated from the closely related genus Psoroma. Characteristics of Xanthopsoroma species include the production of usnic acid and a series of distinct triterpenes as well as showing morphological differences from the related Psoroma and Psorophorus.

Pannariaceae
The Pannariaceae are a family of lichens in the order Peltigerales (suborder Collematineae). Species from this family have a widespread distribution, but are especially prevalent in southern temperate regions.
INS Sindhukirti
INS Sindhukirti (S61) (lit. 'Glory of the Sea') is the seventh Sindhughosh-class diesel-electric submarine of the Indian Navy. She was built at the Admiralty Shipyard and Sevmash in the Soviet Union.

Sindukirti was commissioned on 9 December 1989 in the Soviet Union, with Cdr. Ramdas executing her commissioning warrant. She underwent a protracted "medium refit" from June 2006 until May 2015 at the Hindustan Shipyard at Visakhapatnam. The midlife upgrade was projected to be completed in 3 years but numerous delays postponed the submarine's return. Having spent one-third of her life in refit, she finally returned to service on 23 May 2015. She particapated in the International Fleet Review 2026 in Visakapatanam.

USHUS (sonar)
USHUS is an Integrated Submarine Sonar System developed by the Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India and manufactured by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL). It has been developed for use in submarines of the Indian Navy, especially for Sindhughosh-class submarines. Some reports also suggest that Arihant-class nuclear ballistic missile submarines are also equipped with USHUS system. USHUS replaces Russian systems like MGK-400 and MGK-519 sonars on Indian submarines.
Twinbrook (Rockville, Maryland)
Twinbrook is a large residential subdivision in the city of Rockville, Maryland. The name Twinbrook or Twin-Brook came from the four developers, Joseph L. Geeraert, Roland Simmon, Wesley Sauter, and Donald Gingery, who originally established the new subdivision on October 18, 1946. The name was a reference to the two streams that traversed the original 200 acres of the development, both eventually feeding into Rock Creek, which is the namesake feature of Rock Creek Park, a unit of the National Park Service.

The older south section of Twinbrook is roughly bounded by First Street on the west, Veirs Mill Road on the north, Halpine Road and Twinbrook Parkway on the east and the B&O railroad and Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority tracks to the southwest. And, with some exceptions, the smaller north section is bounded by Veirs Mill Road to the south, Old Broadwood to the west, Old Baltimore Road to the North and Twinbrook Parkway to the east.

Rockville, Maryland
Rockville is a city in and the county seat of Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area. The 2020 census tabulated Rockville's population at 67,117, making it the fourth-largest incorporated city in Maryland.

Rockville, along with neighboring Gaithersburg and Bethesda, is at the core of the Interstate 270 Technology Corridor which is home to numerous software and biotechnology companies as well as several federal government institutions. The city, one of the major retail hubs in Montgomery County, has several upscale regional shopping centers.
2010–11 Persian Gulf Cup
The 2010–11 Persian Gulf Cup (also known as Iran Pro League) was the 28th season of Iran's Football League and tenth as Iran Pro League since its establishment in 2001. Sepahan were the defending champions. The season featured 15 teams from the 2009–10 Persian Gulf Cup and three new teams promoted from the 2009–10 Azadegan League: Shahrdari Tabriz and Naft Tehran both as champions and Sanat Naft. The league started on 26 July 2010 and ended on 20 May 2011. Sepahan won the Pro League title for the third time in their history (total third Iranian title). Foolad's Reza Norouzi was the top goalscorer with 24 goals.

Sepahan S.C.
Foolad Mobarakeh Sepahan Sport Club (Persian: باشگاه فولاد مبارکه سپاهان, Bâšgâh-e Farhangi-Varzeši-ye Fulâd-e Mobârake-ye Sepâhân), commonly known as Sepahan, is an Iranian sports club based in Isfahan. It is best known for their football section that play in the Persian Gulf Pro League, the highest tier of Iranian football league system.

In the 2002–03 season, Sepahan ended the total dominance of two Tehran-based clubs, Persepolis and Esteghlal, to win the Pro League. They are also the first Iranian club to win three consecutive league titles, reach the AFC Champions League final in 2007 and qualify for the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup, becoming the first-ever Iranian representative to the tournament. To date, they have won five league titles and five Hazfi Cups, becoming one of the most successful football clubs in Iran.
Edwin E. Willis
Edwin Edward Willis (October 2, 1904 – October 24, 1972) was an American politician and attorney from the U.S. state of Louisiana who was affiliated with the Long political faction. A Democrat, he served in the Louisiana State Senate during 1948 and in the United States House of Representatives from 1949 to 1969.

House Un-American Activities Committee
The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HCUA), popularly the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives created in 1938. Their goal was to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having communist ties. It became a standing (permanent) committee in 1946. Then, from 1969 and onward, it was known as the House Committee on Internal Security. When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee.

The committee's anti-communist investigations are often associated with McCarthyism, although Joseph McCarthy himself (as a U.S. senator) had no direct involvement with the House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Government Operations Committee and its Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the U.S. Senate, not the House.
Pagsanjan Gorge National Park
The Pagsanjan Gorge National Park is a national park and tourist zone located in the province of Laguna in the Philippines, approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) southeast of Manila. It protects an area of 152.64 hectares (377.2 acres) around a series of gorges on the Bumbungan River which leads to Pagsanjan Falls. It is one of the oldest parks in the country and one of two protected areas in Laguna. It is situated in the municipalities of Pagsanjan, Cavinti and Lumban.

Pagsanjan Falls
Pagsanjan Falls, also known as Cavinti Falls (local name: Magdapio Falls), is one of the most famous waterfalls in the Philippines. Located in the province of Laguna, the falls is one of the major tourist attractions of the region. The three-drop waterfall is reached by a river trip on dugout canoe, known locally as "Shooting the Rapids", originating from the municipality of Pagsanjan. The falls can also be reached from the top by a short hike from Cavinti.

The boat ride has been an attraction since the Spanish colonial era, with the oldest surviving written account dating to 1894. The town of Pagsanjan lies at the confluence of two rivers, the Balanac River and the Bumbungan River (also known as the Pagsanjan River).
Merchantville High School
Merchantville High School was a four-year public high school that operated from 1929 until 1972 in Merchantville, in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Merchantville School District.

Merchantville, New Jersey
Merchantville is a borough in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 3,820, a decrease of one person from the 2010 census count of 3,821, which in turn reflected an increase of 20 (+0.5%) from the 3,801 counted in the 2000 census.

The borough had the 22nd-highest property tax rate in New Jersey in 2020, with an equalized rate of 4.367% in 2020, compared to 3.470% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.
Şamaxı FK
Şamaxı Futbol Klubu (pronounced [ʃɑmɑˈxɯ], lit. 'Shamakhi Football Club') is an Azerbaijani professional football club based in Shamakhi, which competes in the Azerbaijan Premier League. The club has won the Premier League title twice. Previously the club was known as Xəzər Universiteti FK (1999–2004), İnter Bakı PİK (2004–2017) and Keşlə FK (2017–2022).

2011 Commonwealth of Independent States Cup
The 19th Commonwealth of Independent States Cup was the nineteenth edition of the competition between the champions of former republics of Soviet Union. It took place in Saint Petersburg between 15 and 23 January 2011 and was won by Inter Baku.

This was the last edition of the Cup as a club tournament, before the format was changed to a youth national teams event in 2012.
Cranwell's horned frog
Cranwell's horned frog (Ceratophrys cranwelli), also called commonly the Chacoan horned frog, is a terrestrial frog in the family Ceratophryidae. The species is endemic to the dry Gran Chaco region of Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It, like other members of its genus, Ceratophrys, is commonly called the Pac-man frog, because of its resemblance to the video game character of the same name. Most adult specimens range from 8–13 cm (3.1–5.1 in) long and can weigh up to 0.5 kg (1.1 lb).

Ceratophrys
Ceratophrys is a genus of frogs in the family Ceratophryidae. They are also known as South American horned frogs as well as Pacman frogs due to their characteristic round shape, horned brows, and large mouth, reminiscent of the video game character Pac-Man.
HP Roman
In computing HP Roman is a family of character sets consisting of HP Roman Extension, HP Roman-8, HP Roman-9 and several variants. Originally introduced by Hewlett-Packard around 1978, revisions and adaptations were published several times up to 1999. The 1985 revisions were later standardized as IBM codepages 1050 and 1051. Supporting many European languages, the character sets were used by various HP workstations, terminals, calculators as well as many printers, also from third-parties.

RPL character set
The RPL character set is an 8-bit character set and encoding used by most RPL calculators manufactured by Hewlett-Packard as well as by the HP 82240B thermal printer. It is sometimes referred to simply as "ECMA-94" in documentation, although it is for the most part a superset of ISO/IEC 8859-1 / ECMA-94 in terms of printable characters, and it differs from ISO/IEC 8859-1 by using displayable characters rather than control characters in the 0x80 to 0x9F range of code points.