hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treatment Action Campaign
The Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) is a South African HIV/AIDS activist organisation which was co-founded by the HIV-positive activist Zackie Achmat in 1998. TAC is rooted in the experiences, direct action tactics and anti-apartheid background of its founder. TAC has been credited with forcing the reluctant government of former South African President Thabo Mbeki to begin making antiretroviral drugs available to South Africans.

Congress of South African Trade Unions
The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU or Cosatu) is a trade union federation in South Africa. It was founded in 1985 and is the largest of the country's three main trade union federations, with 21 affiliated trade unions.
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis is characterised by multiple small whitish flat spots. They are typically irregular, well defined and frequently appear on the arms, legs, and faces of older people.

It occurs in up to 80% of people over 70 years old. Females may notice it at a younger age than males.

Hypopigmentation
Hypopigmentation is characterized specifically as an area of skin becoming lighter than the baseline skin color, but not completely devoid of pigment. This is not to be confused with depigmentation, which is characterized as the absence of all pigment.  It is caused by melanocyte or melanin depletion, or a decrease in the amino acid tyrosine, which is used by melanocytes to make melanin. Some common genetic causes include mutations in the tyrosinase gene or OCA2 gene.  As melanin pigments tend to be in the skin, eye, and hair, these are the commonly affected areas in those with hypopigmentation.

Hypopigmentation is common and approximately one in twenty have at least one hypopigmented macule. Hypopigmentation can be upsetting to some, especially those with darker skin whose hypopigmentation marks are seen more visibly. Most causes of hypopigmentation are not serious and can be easily treated.
Bardelys the Magnificent
Bardelys the Magnificent is a 1926 American silent romantic film directed by King Vidor and starring John Gilbert and Eleanor Boardman. The film is based on the 1906 novel of the same title by Rafael Sabatini. It was the second film of the 19-year-old John Wayne, who had a minor role.

The film's sets were designed by the art director James Basevi.

Bardelys the Magnificent (novel)
Bardelys the Magnificent is a 1906 historical adventure novel by the Italian-born British writer Rafael Sabatini. It is set in France during the reign of Louis XIII.

In 1926 the story was adapted into a film version Bardelys the Magnificent by the Hollywood studio MGM, with John Gilbert playing the title role.
Flamethrower
A flamethrower is a ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable jet of fire. First deployed by the Byzantine Empire in the 7th century AD, flamethrowers saw use in modern times during World War I, and more widely in World War II as a tactical weapon against fortifications.

Most military flamethrowers use liquid fuel, typically either heated oil or diesel, but commercial flamethrowers are generally blowtorches using gaseous fuels such as propane. Gases are safer in peacetime applications because their flames have less mass flow rate and dissipate faster and often are easier to extinguish.

Apart from the military applications, flamethrowers have peacetime applications where there is a need for controlled burning, such as in sugarcane harvesting and other land-management tasks. Various forms are designed for an operator to carry, while others are mounted on vehicles.

LPO-50
The LPO-50 (Russian: Легкий Пехотный Огнемет, romanized: Legkiy Pyekhotnyy Ognemet, lit. 'Light Infantry Flamethrower') is a Soviet flamethrower developed during the 1950s to replace the aging ROKS flamethrowers, it saw limited service during the Vietnam War before it was replaced by the RPO "Rys" and RPO-A Shmel incendiary rocket launchers, though a modernized version known as the Type 74 remains in service with the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Aisa Pyaar Kahan
Aisa Pyar Kahan  (transl. Where is love like this?) is a 1986 Hindi-language drama film, produced by Pradeep Sharma under the TUTU Films banner and directed by Vijay Sadanah. It stars Jeetendra, Mithun Chakraborty, Jaya Prada, and Padmini Kolhapure  and the music is composed by Laxmikant–Pyarelal. The film is remake of the Telugu movie Rakta Sambandham (1962), which itself was a remake of the Tamil movie Pasamalar (1961) and has already been remade in Hindi as Rakhi (1962). Ultimately once again in Telugu as Anna Chellelu (1993).

Rakhi (1962 film)
Rakhi (transl. The sacred thread) is a 1962 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by A. Bhimsingh and starring Ashok Kumar, Waheeda Rehman, Pradeep Kumar and Mehmood. A major success, This film had Kumar winning the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance and screenwriter K. P. Kottarakara won the Filmfare Award for Best Story. It was nominated for a Filmfare Award for Best Movie and Mehmood was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. The film was shot at Neptune Studios in Chennai. This film was a remake of the Tamil film Pasamalar, which went on to be remade again in Hindi as Aisa Pyaar Kahan.
Mackenzie Museum and Library
The Mackenzie Museum and Library is a historic home and museum located in Howell Township, New Jersey. The property is notable for its connection to Captain William Prickitt (1839–1929), an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War who commanded Company G of the 25th United States Colored Infantry Regiment, part of the United States Colored Troops (USCT).

Howell Township, New Jersey
Howell Township is a township in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is the largest municipality in the county by total area, comprising about 61.21 square miles (158.5 km2). It is located in the New York Metro Area and has been a steadily growing bedroom community of New York City. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 53,537, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 2,462 (+4.8%) from the 2010 census count of 51,075, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,172 (+4.4%) from the 48,903 counted in the 2000 census.
Hemel Hempstead railway station
Hemel Hempstead railway station lies in Boxmoor, on the western edge of the town of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24+1⁄2 miles (39.4 km) north-west of London Euston on the West Coast Main Line. The station is managed by London Northwestern Railway, who operate all train services from the station.

Hemel Hempstead is one of two railway stations that now serve the town, the other being Apsley. Both were built when the town was relatively small, before it was designated a New Town in 1946 and grew rapidly in size. Bus services run from there to the town centre. There are two pubs and the Grand Union Canal, sited about 110 yd (100 m) away.

There are four full-length (12 car) through platforms and one disused south-facing bay on the slow lines.

Hemel Hempstead
Hemel Hempstead (/ˌhɛməl ˈhɛmpstɪd/) is a town in the Dacorum district of Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24 miles (39 km) north-west of London; nearby towns and cities include Watford, St Albans and Berkhamsted. The population at the 2021 census was 95,961.

Hemel Hempstead has existed since at least the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in 1539. It has expanded and developed in recent decades after being designated as a New Town after the end of the Second World War.
Linda Kasabian
Linda Darlene Kasabian (née Drouin; June 21, 1949 – January 21, 2023) was an American woman known for being a member of the Manson Family, a cult led by Charles Manson in late-1960s–early-1970s California. She was present at both the Tate–LaBianca murders committed by the cult members in 1969, but received legal immunity for her testimony as a key witness in District Attorney Vincent Bugliosi's prosecution of Manson and his followers.

Tex Watson
Charles Denton "Tex" Watson (born December 2, 1945) is an American convicted mass murderer and former central member of the "Manson Family" led by Charles Manson. Watson is frequently identified as the tactical ringleader of the Tate–LaBianca murders, carried out on August 9–10, 1969. On the first night, he, Patricia Krenwinkel, and Susan Atkins murdered Sharon Tate, who was eight months pregnant, along with Jay Sebring, Wojciech Frykowski, Abigail Folger, and Steven Parent at 10050 Cielo Drive in Benedict Canyon, Los Angeles. The following night, Watson traveled to Los Feliz and participated in the murders of Leno and Rosemary LaBianca. He was convicted of murder in 1971 and sentenced to death. After the California Supreme Court invalidated the state's death penalty in 1972, his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. Watson became eligible for parole in 1976 and has been denied parole 18 times.
Ford CHT engine
The Ford CHT engine is an inline four-cylinder internal combustion engine family produced by the Ford Motor Company in Brazil during the 1980s and 1990s. It was derived from the Renault Cléon-Fonte engine. It is unrelated to the similarly-named Ford CVH engine.

Ford Escort (Europe)
The Ford Escort is a small family car that was manufactured by Ford of Europe from 1968 until 2004. In total, the six generations were spread across three basic platforms: the original, rear-wheel-drive Mk.1/Mk.2 (1968–1980), the "Erika" front-wheel-drive Mk.3/Mk.4 (1980–1992), and the final CE-14 Mk.5/Mk.6 (1990–2002) version. Its successor, the Ford Focus, was released in 1998, but the final generation of Escort was phased out gradually, with the panel van version ending production in 2002 in favour of the Ford Transit Connect.

The Escort was frequently the best-selling car in Britain during the 1980s and 1990s. More than 4.1 million Escorts of all generations were sold there over a period of 33 years.

In 2014, Ford revived the Escort name for a car based on the second-generation Ford Focus, sold on the Chinese market.
John Henry Manny
John Henry  Manny (1825–1856) was the inventor of the Manny Reaper, one of various makes of reaper used to harvest grain in the 19th century. Cyrus McCormick III, in his Century of the Reaper, called Manny "the most brilliant and successful of all Cyrus McCormick's competitors," a field of many brilliant people.

Waddams Township, Illinois
Waddams Township is located in Stephenson County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 807 and it contained 360 housing units. The unincorporated communities of McConnell and Damascus are located in the township, and once New Pennsylvania was located here also.
Blue Room (Unwritten Law album)
Blue Room is the debut album by American punk rock band Unwritten Law. It was released in 1994 by Red Eye Records. It was the band's first full-length album and established their presence in the prolific San Diego music scene of the early 1990s. The album attracted the attention of Epic Records, who re-released it a year after its original release.

The album's title is a reference to the single-room apartment that singer Scott Russo lived in during the band's early years and where most of the album was written (the room was painted entirely blue). The song title "C.P.K." stands for "Crazy Poway Kids" and is a reference to the band's hometown of Poway, California (a suburb of San Diego). "Blurred (Part 2)" is a reference to a song on the band's debut EP Blurr. The songs "Shallow" and "Suzanne" would be re-recorded for their second album Oz Factor.

Oz Factor (album)
Oz Factor is the second album and major label debut by American punk rock band Unwritten Law, released in 1996 by Epic Records. The songs "Superman" and "Denied" became minor hits on local rock radio stations.

Unwritten Law supported the album by touring with Bad Religion. It was the band's last album with bassist John Bell, who left the band following the supporting tours.
Edna Davey
Edna May Davey (24 July 1909 – 2000), later Eaton, and then Hamilton, was an Australian freestyle swimmer. She competed in two events at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Davey set a world record of 15min 46 4-5sec for 1,000 metres at Domain Baths, Sydney in 1929.

In 1930 she married cricketer Ronald Eaton, but was divorced in 1934. She married Harry Hamilton in 1936. Their son, Graham Hamilton competed in the men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

Graham Hamilton (swimmer)
Grahame Thomas Hamilton (6 September 1939 – 25 June 1989) was an Australian swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 200-metre freestyle relay at the 1956 Summer Olympics.  His mother, Edna Davey was also an Olympic swimmer, competing in two events at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The 2009 Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup was the eighth edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament, played by eleven countries from June 24 to July 5, 2009 in Miami, Florida. The intercontinental event served as a qualifier for the 2010 FIVB World Grand Prix.

Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup
The Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup is a continental cup organized by NORCECA with teams from all over America (North-, South- and Central America, and the Caribbean), that served as a qualifier for the World Grand Prix. The tournament also granted places for the Final Four Women's Volleyball Cup. Since 2018 the event also serves as Pan American Games classification. The men have their own equivalent of the tournament, the Men's Pan-American Cup.
Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with the generic term "railroad car" or "railway car"), or motor car is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The "self-propelled railcar" refers to a railway train consisting of a single coach (or carriage, car, unit), with a driver's cab at one or both ends. In its simplest form, a "railcar" may also be little more than a railbus or motorized draisine.

Self-powered railcars were once common in North America; these "motor cars" were often called doodlebugs. Some railway companies, such as the Great Western, termed such vehicles "railmotors" (or "rail motors"). Self-propelled passenger vehicles also capable of hauling a train are, in technical rail usage, usually called "rail motor coaches".

Metrowagonmash
Metrowagonmash, also Metrovagonmash (Russian: ОАО "Метровагонмаш", romanized: OAO "Metrovagonmash"), is an engineering company in Mytishchi, Russia. Metrowagonmash (MWM) is one of the leading enterprises in Russia operating in the field of transport machine building. It specializes in development, designing and manufacturing of rolling stock for metro systems and railways. Metrowagonmash is part of Transmashholding.

In May 2009 its Mytishchi Machine-building Factory was spun off as a separate truck and armored vehicle manufacturing company.
Colluvium
Colluvium (also colluvial material or colluvial soil; from the Latin colluvio 'jumbled') is a general name for loose, unconsolidated terrigenous sediments (diamicton) that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by either rainwash,  sheetwash, slow continuous downslope creep, or a variable combination of these processes. Colluvium is typically composed of a heterogeneous range of rock types and sediments ranging from silt to rock fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited at the base of a hillslope by unconcentrated surface runoff or sheet erosion.

Downhill creep
Downhill creep, also known as soil creep or commonly just creep, is a type of creep characterized by the slow, downward progression of rock and soil down a low grade slope; it can also refer to slow deformation of such materials as a result of prolonged pressure and stress. Creep may appear to an observer to be continuous, but it really is the sum of numerous minute, discrete movements of slope material caused by the force of gravity. Friction, being the primary force to resist gravity, is produced when one body of material slides past another offering a mechanical resistance between the two which acts to hold objects (or slopes) in place. As slope on a hill increases, the gravitational force that is perpendicular to the slope decreases and results in less friction between the material that could cause the slope to slide.
QF 4.7-inch Mk I–IV naval gun
The QF 4.7-inch gun Mks I, II, III, and IV were a family of British quick-firing 4.724-inch (120 mm) naval and coast defence guns of the late 1880s and 1890s that served with the navies of various countries. They were also mounted on various wheeled carriages to provide the British Army with a long-range gun. They all had a barrel of 40 calibres length.

The gun was originally designed to replace the older BL 5-inch (127 mm) naval guns. It was optimised for the modern smokeless propellants, such as cordite, and could be loaded and fired far more rapidly than the BL 5-inch gun while firing a shell only slightly lighter.

Fort Ramsay
HMCS Fort Ramsay was a Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) base located at Sandy Beach on the southern shore of Gaspé Bay, several kilometres east of Gaspé, Quebec. Its construction was commissioned in 1940 and the base was inaugurated by the RCN on May 1, 1942. Several shore batteries were linked to this base, such as Fort Prével, Fort Haldimand, and Fort Péninsule. On March 31, 1946, the base was decommissioned, almost a year after the Second World War ended.  Today the base property is operated as the Sandy Beach Terminal of the Port of Gaspé and is primarily used for industrial and commercial purposes.
Kurotaki, Nara
Kurotaki (黒滝村, Kurotaki-mura) is a village located in Yoshino District, Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2025, the village had an estimated population of 536 and a population density of 10 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 47.70 km2 (18.42 sq mi).

Yoshino District, Nara
Yoshino (吉野郡, Yoshino-gun) is a district located in Nara Prefecture, Japan.

In 2020, the district had an estimated population of 37,086 and a density of 18.05 persons per km2. The total area is 2,055 km2.

On September 25, 2005, the villages of Ōtō and Nishiyoshino merged into the city of Gojō.
Guano Apes
Guano Apes is a German rock band formed in 1994 in Göttingen. The band consists of Sandra Nasić (vocals), Henning Rümenapp (guitars, backing vocals), Stefan Ude (bass, backing vocals), and Dennis Poschwatta (drums, backing vocals).

AllMusic calls the quartet alt-rock and their sound a fusion of metal, pop, and rap. They have released five studio albums, one live album, two compilation albums, and five video albums.

Proud Like a God
Proud Like a God is the debut studio album by the German alternative rock band Guano Apes. The album was released in Germany on 6 October 1997 via GUN/Supersonic Records, internationally on 24 December 1997 via GUN/Supersonic and BMG International, and finally in the US on 28 September 1999 via RCA Records and BMG International. Two of Guano Apes' most popular and enduring songs are included on this album: "Open Your Eyes" and "Lords of the Boards", which peaked at #5 and #10 on the German charts, respectively.

The album has been certified Platinum for shipping 200,000 copies in both Germany and Switzerland.
Kuroi Station (Niigata)
Kuroi Station (黒井駅, Kuroi-eki) is a railway station on the Shinetsu Main Line in the city of Jōetsu, Niigata, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The station also has a freight terminal operated by Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Jōetsu, Niigata
Jōetsu (上越市, Jōetsu-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 189,430, in 76,461 households with a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 973.81 square kilometres (375.99 sq mi). Jōetsu borders the Sea of Japan and is renowned for its abundance of snow, the annual cherry-blossom festival, sake and Koshihikari rice.
R742 road (Ireland)
The R742 road is a regional road in County Wexford, Ireland. From its junction with the R772 in Gorey it takes a southerly route to its junction with the R741 north of Wexford Town where it terminates.

Though the road passes through many popular seaside resorts and villages undergoing extensive growth, it remains virtually unchanged since it was first paved with long stretches of narrow, winding, unmarked and worn surfacing (as of 2007).

The road is 45 km (28 mi) long.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
Antonio Aguilar, hijo
José Jesús Antonio Aguilar Jiménez (born 9 October 1960), known as Antonio Aguilar, Hijo (Antonio Aguilar, Jr.) is a Mexican singer and actor. He is the eldest son of singers and actors Antonio Aguilar and Flor Silvestre.

He made his acting debut in his parents' film La yegua colorada in 1972. His debut studio album, Toda mi vida (1994), was produced and directed by his brother, Pepe Aguilar, and released by EMI Latin. "Por ti no voy a llorar", a track from the album, became his first hit single and peaked at number 20 on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks in July 1994.

His daughter Majo Aguilar is a singer and songwriter.

Pepe Aguilar
José Antonio Aguilar Jiménez (born 7 August 1968), better known as Pepe Aguilar, is a Mexican singer. Born to famous singer-actors and musicians Antonio Aguilar and Flor Silvestre, he accompanied them on tour and played his first concert at the age of three, joining his father onstage at Madison Square Garden in New York City. He does the same with his own children, Leonardo Aguilar and Ángela Aguilar, who have also continued in the steps of their father and grandparents.

Aguilar has sold over 13 million albums worldwide. His work has earned him four Grammy Awards, five Latin Grammy Awards, nineteen Lo Nuestro Awards, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
2018 Adelaide 500
The 2018 Adelaide 500 was a motor racing event held on the weekend of 2 to 4 March 2018 at the Adelaide Street Circuit in Adelaide, South Australia. It marked the twentieth running of the Adelaide 500 and was the first event of sixteen in the 2018 Supercars Championship. It comprised two races of 250 kilometres. Support races included the opening round of the 2018 Super2 Series, a series for older model Supercars and the inaugural round of the new SuperUtes Series.

Shane van Gisbergen won both Race 1 and Race 2, driving a Holden Commodore ZB for Triple Eight Race Engineering.

Adelaide 500
The Adelaide 500, officially the BP Adelaide Grand Final,  is an annual motor racing event for Supercars held on the streets of the east end of Adelaide, South Australia between 1999 and 2020 and again from 2022. The event uses a shortened form of the Adelaide Street Circuit, the former Australian Grand Prix track. The event is still colloquially known as the Clipsal 500 or simply "Clipsal" after its former longtime sponsor. With attendance at around 250,000 in 2023, the Adelaide 500 is the most attended Supercars Championship race.

The event previously took place in February and March, contributing to what locals term "mad March", along with the Adelaide Festival, Adelaide Fringe, WOMADelaide and Adelaide Writers' Week, but after a hiatus in 2021, it returned in 2022 as the season finale in late November or early December.