hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
C/2008 T2 (Cardinal)
C/2008 T2 (Cardinal), is a non-periodic comet. It was discovered by Rob. D. Cardinal from the University of Calgary. It was visible as a telescopic and binocular object during 2009. It passed near the Perseus star clusters NGC 1528 on 15 March and NGC 1545 on 17 March 2009. It also passed near the Auriga star clusters Messier 38 on 14 April, Messier 36 on 17 April, and Messier 37 in on 21 April 2009, and passed near Comet Lulin on 12 May 2009, for observers on Earth. It peaked in brightness in June–July 2009 at magnitude 8.5-9.

C/2007 N3 (Lulin)
Comet Lulin, formal designation C/2007 N3, (Traditional Chinese:鹿林彗星) is a non-periodic comet discovered by Quanzhi Ye and Lin Chi-Sheng from the Lulin Observatory. It peaked in brightness at magnitude between +4.5 and +5, becoming visible to the naked eye, and arrived at perigee for observers on Earth on February 24, 2009, and at 0.411 AU (61.5 million km; 38.2 million mi) from Earth.
CSS George Page
CSS George Page, a 410-ton sidewheel steamship, was originally built as a transport at Washington, D.C. in 1853.

She was attached to the Quartermaster's Department of the United States Army, until captured by the Confederates at nearby Aquia Creek, Virginia in May 1861, when she became a part of the Virginia Navy. In June 1861 Virginia transferred her vessels to the Confederate States Navy and George Page, commanded by Lieutenant Charles Carroll Simms, CSN, was fitted out for river defense service, and sometime later renamed City of Richmond. Her upper works may have been removed at this time.

She operated in the Potomac River in the vicinity of Quantico Creek. On July 7, 1861, she was damaged by gunfire from USS Pocahontas. George Page was destroyed by her crew upon abandonment of the Evansport batteries on March 9, 1862.

Virginia State Navy
A Virginia State Navy (or Virginia Navy) existed twice.  During the American Revolutionary War, the provisional government of the Virginia Colony authorized the purchase, outfitting, and manning  of armed vessels to protect the colony's waters from threats posed it by the Royal Navy.

Early in the American Civil War, after the state of Virginia seceded from the Union on April 17, 1861, it briefly had naval forces of its own known as the Virginia State Navy, which existed in tandem to the Provisional Army of Virginia.  Both of these forces had been absorbed by the Confederate States Navy and the Confederate Army by the end of 1861.
2015 Miami Beach Bowl
The 2015 Miami Beach Bowl was a post-season American college football bowl game played on December 21, 2015 at Marlins Park in Miami, Florida.  The second edition of the Miami Beach Bowl featured the champions from Conference USA, the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers against the South Florida Bulls of the American Athletic Conference. It began at 2:30 p.m. EST and air on ESPN.  It was one of the 2015–16 bowl games that concluded the 2015 FBS football season.

2015 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team
The 2015 Western Kentucky Hilltoppers football team represented Western Kentucky University (WKU) in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season as members of the East Division of Conference USA. Led by second year head coach Jeff Brohm, they played their home games at Houchens Industries–L. T. Smith Stadium in Bowling Green, Kentucky. They finished the season 12–2, 8–0 in C-USA play to be champions of the East Division. They represented the East Division in the Conference USA Football Championship Game where they defeated Southern Miss to win their first ever C-USA championship. They were invited to the Miami Beach Bowl where they defeated South Florida. They led the NCAA in Passing Efficiency, tied the school record for victories and were also ranked in the FBS AP Top 25 for the first time in program history.
Irish League representative team
The Irish League representative team was the representative side of the Irish Football League, the national league for football in Northern Ireland from 1922 and, prior to that the league for Ireland.

The Irish League was suspended from 1941–42 to 1946–47 due to the Second World War. As a replacement the Northern Ireland Regional League (aka the North Regional League) was organised and results listed below during this period are therefore for the Northern Ireland Regional League representative team.

From 2007 to 2010 the Irish Premier League was represented by the Northern Ireland Under-23 team in the International Challenge Trophy.

NIFL Premiership
The NIFL Premiership, known as the Sports Direct Premiership for sponsorship purposes but most commonly called the Irish League and sometimes the Irish Premiership, is a professional association football league which operates as the highest division of the Northern Ireland Football League. The NIFL Premiership was established as the IFA Premiership in 2008 under the auspices of the Irish Football Association as the successor to the Irish Premier League, before the Northern Ireland Football League was created for the start of the 2013–14 season. At the end of the season, the champion club is presented with the Gibson Cup.

Linfield are the current champions, winning their 56th Irish League title in the 2024–25 season.
Harvey Washington Wiley
Harvey Washington Wiley (October 18, 1844 – June 30, 1930) was an American physician and chemist who advocated successfully  for the passage of the landmark Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 and subsequently worked at the Good Housekeeping Institute laboratories. He was the first commissioner of the United States Food and Drug Administration. Wiley's advocacy for stricter food and drug regulations indirectly contributed to Coca-Cola's decision to remove cocaine from its formula in the early 20th century. This move addressed public health concerns but has drawn modern criticism for its impact on drug policy perceptions.

In 1904, Wiley was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society. In 1910, he was awarded the Elliott Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute.

AOAC International
AOAC International is a 501(c) non-profit scientific association with headquarters in Rockville, Maryland. It was founded in 1884 as the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) and became AOAC International in 1991. It publishes standardized, chemical analysis methods designed to increase confidence in the results of chemical and microbiological analyses. Government agencies and civil organizations often require that laboratories use official AOAC methods. AOAC is headquartered in Rockville, Maryland, and has approximately 3,000 members based in over 90 countries.
Grand Junction Railroad
The Grand Junction Railroad was an 8.55-mile (13.76 km) long railroad in the Boston, Massachusetts, area, connecting the railroads heading west and north from Boston. The western portion between Beacon Park Yard in Boston and the Inner Belt District in Somerville is still in use as the Grand Junction Branch. The eastern portion between the Inner Belt and the East Boston wharves has largely been abandoned; portions have been reused for a busway, a bypass road, and a rail trail.

Eastern Railroad
The Eastern Railroad was a railroad connecting Boston, Massachusetts to Portland, Maine. Throughout its history, it competed with the Boston and Maine Railroad for service between the two cities, until the Boston & Maine put an end to the competition by leasing the Eastern in December 1884. Much of the railroad's main line in Massachusetts is used by the MBTA's Newburyport/Rockport commuter rail line, and some unused parts of its right-of-way have been converted to rail trails.
Kimberlee Green
Kimberlee Green OAM (born 5 March 1986) is an Australian former international netball player. Green was the captain of the Giants Netball team in the Suncorp Super Netball league and represented the Australian national netball team on 74 occasions.

New South Wales Swifts
New South Wales Swifts are an Australian professional netball team based in Sydney, New South Wales. Since 2017 they have represented Netball New South Wales in Super Netball. Between 2008 and 2016, they played in the ANZ Championship. The team was formed in 2007 when Netball New South Wales merged its two former Commonwealth Bank Trophy league teams, Sydney Swifts and Hunter Jaegers. In 2008, Swifts were the inaugural ANZ Championship winners. Swifts were also grand finalists in 2015 and 2016. They won their second and third premierships in 2019 and 2021. The Swifts play their home games at Ken Rosewall Arena in Sydney.
PEN Centre Germany
PEN Centre Germany is part of the worldwide association of writers founded in London in 1921, now known as PEN International. One of over 140 autonomous PEN centres around the world, PEN Centre Germany is based in Darmstadt, Hesse.

PEN International
PEN International (known as International PEN until 2010) is a worldwide association of writers, founded in London in 1921 to promote friendship and intellectual co-operation among writers everywhere. The association has autonomous International PEN centres in more than 100 countries.

Other goals included: to emphasise the role of literature in the development of mutual understanding and world culture; to fight for freedom of expression; and to act as a powerful voice on behalf of writers harassed, imprisoned, and sometimes killed for their views.
Messier 60
Messier 60 or M60, also known as NGC 4649, is an elliptical galaxy approximately 57 million light-years away in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. Together with NGC 4647, it forms a pair known as Arp 116. Messier 60 and nearby elliptical galaxy Messier 59 were discovered by Johann Gottfried Koehler in April 1779, observing a comet in the same part of the sky. Charles Messier added both to his catalogue about three days after this.

Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").
Ehrlichiosis (canine)
Ehrlichiosis (/ˌɛərlɪkiˈoʊsɪs/; also known as canine rickettsiosis, canine hemorrhagic fever, canine typhus, tracker dog disease,  and tropical canine pancytopenia) is a tick-borne disease of dogs usually caused by the rickettsial agent Ehrlichia canis. Ehrlichia canis is the pathogen of animals. Humans can become infected by E. canis and other species after tick exposure. German Shepherd Dogs are thought to be susceptible to a particularly severe form of the disease; other breeds generally have milder clinical signs. Cats can also be infected.

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly called the brown dog tick, kennel tick, or pantropical dog tick, is a species of tick found worldwide, but more commonly in warmer climates. This species is unusual among ticks in that its entire lifecycle can be completed indoors. The brown dog tick is easily recognized by its reddish-brown color, elongated body shape, and hexagonal basis capituli (flat surface where mouthparts are attached). Adults are 2.28 to 3.18 mm in length and 1.11 to 1.68 mm in width. They do not have ornamentation on their backs.
Grove Bush
Grove Bush is a village in the Southland region of New Zealand's South Island.  It is located on the banks of the Makarewa River on the Southland Plains near the foothills of the Hokonui Hills.

The village's main feature is its community hall.  It is situated in a rural area of fertile farmland; the nearest city, Invercargill, is approximately 20 km southwest.  Other small townships are nearby: Mabel Bush is just to the east, while Springhills and Hedgehope are to the north and Rakahouka is to the south.

Rakahouka
Rakahouka is a community in the Southland region of New Zealand's South Island.  It is located in a fertile farming area on the Southland Plains just south of the Makarewa River.  The nearest major city, Invercargill, is approximately 15 km to the southwest, and nearby villages include Grove Bush and Mabel Bush to the north, Woodlands to the southeast, and Myross Bush and Roslyn Bush to the southwest.

State Highway 98, which links Lorneville and Dacre, runs through Rakahouka.

For governance purposes, Rakahouka is included in the Ōreti ward, and Rakahouka's residents vote to elect Ōreti council members who represent them in the Southland District Council.
Shima, Mie (town)
Shima (志摩町, Shima-chō) was a town located in the former Shima District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 14,075 and a density of 827.45 persons per km2. The total area was 17.01 km2.

On October 1, 2004, Shima absorbed the towns of Ago, Daiō, Hamajima and Isobe (all from Shima District) to create the city of Shima.

Isobe, Mie
Isobe (磯部町, Isobe-chō) was a town located in the former Shima District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,172 and a density of 117.29 persons per km2. The total area was 78.20 km2.

On October 1, 2004, Isobe, along with the towns of Shima (former), Ago, Daiō and Hamajima (all from Shima District), was merged to create the city of Shima and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
Kagayaki Taishi
Kagayaki Taishi (Japanese: 輝 大士; born 1 June 1994 as Ryōya Tatsu (達 綾哉, Tatsu Ryōya)) is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler. He wrestles for Takadagawa stable and made his professional debut in May 2010. Kagayaki reached the top division for the first time in 2016. His highest rank is maegashira 3.

Kanazawa
Kanazawa (金沢市, Kanazawa-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ka.naꜜ.(d)za.wa, ka.na.(d)za.waꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital of Ishikawa Prefecture in central Japan. As of 1 January 2018, the city had an estimated population of 466,029 in 203,271 households, and a population density of 990 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 468.64 square kilometres (180.94 sq mi).
Becky Cloonan
Becky Cloonan (born 23 June) is an American comic book creator, known for work published by Tokyopop and Vertigo. In 2012 she became the first female artist to draw the main Batman title for DC Comics.

Demo (comics)
Demo is a twelve-issue limited series of comic books by writer Brian Wood and artist Becky Cloonan, published from 2003–2004 by AiT/Planet Lar. Each issue is an isolated story, but they all revolve around the lives of young people. Originally, the series was intended to focus on young people with supernatural powers—which many of the issues indeed do—but as the years progressed, the stories increasingly focused on people, relationships, and emotions, with the "supernatural" angle quietly deemphasized.
Aziz Shaykh
ʿAzīz Shaykh (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: عزیز شیخ; Oziz in the Russian chronicles) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1364 to 1367. He held the traditional capital Sarai during a period of civil war among rival contenders for the throne. Throughout his reign, the westernmost portion of the Golden Hode was under the control of the beglerbeg Mamai and his puppet khan ʿAbdallāh, while the easternmost portion was under the control of the heirs of Qara Nogai.

Abdallāh (Golden Horde)
ʿAbdallāh (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: عبدالله; also Avdulja, modern Abdulla and Avdulla in Russian texts; died 1370) was Khan of the Golden Horde in 1361–1370, as a protégé of the beglerbeg Mamai. While ʿAbdallāh was recognized as khan throughout the territories dominated by his patron Mamai, he was in possession of the traditional capital Sarai only intermittently, in 1362, 1367–1368, and 1369–1370.
Pereiaslav
Pereiaslav is a historical city in Boryspil Raion, Kyiv Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located near the confluence of the Alta and Trubizh rivers some 95 km (59.03 mi) southeast of the capital Kyiv. It was one of the key regional centers of power during the Middle Ages and served as the capital of a principality. Pereiaslav hosts the administration of Pereiaslav urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately 26,273 (2022 estimate).

Possessing more than 20 museums, Pereiaslav is often described as a "living museum", and was granted the status of Historical and Ethnographic Reserve.

Rushnyk
A rushnyk or rushnik (Ukrainian: рушник [rʊʃˈnɪk] ⓘ; Belarusian: ручнік [rut͡ʂˈnʲik] ⓘ; Russian: ручник, рушник [rʊtɕˈnʲik], [rʊʂˈnʲik]; Rusyn: ручник) is a decorative and ritual cloth. Made of linen or cotton it usually represents woven or embroidered designs, symbols and cryptograms of the ancient world. They have been used in sacred East Slavic rituals, religious services and ceremonial events such as weddings and funerals. Each region has its own designs and patterns with hidden meaning, passed down from generation to generation and studied by ethnographers.

There are many rushnyk collections in ethnographic museums. In Ukraine, the Rushnyk Museum is located in Pereiaslav, Ukraine as part of The Museum of Folk Architecture and Way of Life of Central Naddniprianshchyna.  A Russian rushnik collection is housed at the Hermitage Museum.
Hattori Tadasaburō
Hattori Tadasaburō (服部唯三郎) was a Japanese cloisonné artist from Nagoya.

Along with Kawade Shibatarō, Tadasaburō developed the moriage or "piling up" technique which places layers of enamel upon each other to create a three-dimensional effect.

Many of his works are held in collections such as the Victoria & Albert Museum and the Khalili Collection of Japanese Art.

Kawade Shibatarō
Kawade Shibatarō (川出柴太郎, 1856–1921) was a Japanese artist working in shippo (cloisonné enamel). As head of the Ando Cloisonné Company, he introduced a number of technical innovations, expanding the colours that could be rendered in enamel and bringing the company to a new level of success. Under his leadership, the company exhibited at world's fairs, winning multiple awards. It was also appointed as an official supplier of cloisonné works for the Japanese imperial family.
Mace of the United States House of Representatives
The Mace of the United States House of Representatives, also called the Mace of the Republic, is a ceremonial mace that symbolizes the governmental authority of the United States, and more specifically, the legislative authority of the House of Representatives.

Ceremonial mace
A ceremonial mace is a highly ornamented staff of metal or wood, carried before a sovereign or other high officials in civic ceremonies by a mace-bearer, intended to represent the official's authority. The mace, as used today, derives from the original mace used as a weapon. Processions often feature maces, as on parliamentary or formal academic occasions.
Happy Tree Friends: False Alarm
Happy Tree Friends: False Alarm is a video game based on the Flash cartoon series Happy Tree Friends developed by independent software developer Stainless Games and published by Sega. It was scheduled to be released in fall 2007 and then April 2008, but was delayed and released on June 25, 2008, for Microsoft Windows and Xbox 360.

Happy Tree Friends
Happy Tree Friends (HTF) is an American animated web series created by Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo, and Kenn Navarro, and developed by Montijo, Navarro, and Warren Graff for Mondo Media. Disguised as a Saturday morning cartoon, the series follows the misadventures of cute anthropomorphic forest animals, who live initially peaceful lives until they are killed or injured in sudden, usually accidental and extremely graphically violent incidents. Debuting in December 2000, Happy Tree Friends has achieved a cult following on Mondo's website and YouTube channel and expanded into a multimedia franchise, which includes the television series of the same name.
Passé composé
The passé composé (pronounced [pase kɔ̃poze]; 'compound past') is a past tense in the French language. It is used to express an action that has been finished completely or incompletely at the time of speech, or at some (possibly unknown) time in the past. It originally corresponded in function to the English present perfect, but now there is a tendency to use it for all completed actions in the past as the equivalent of the simple past.  Its current usage corresponds fairly closely to that of the Latin perfect tense. It is formed using an auxiliary verb and the past participle of a verb.

In British teaching of French, the passé composé is usually known as the perfect tense.

Past tense
The past tense is a grammatical tense whose function is to place an action or situation in the past. Examples of verbs in the past tense include the English verbs sang, went and washed. Most languages have a past tense, with some having several types in order to indicate how far back the action took place. Some languages have a compound past tense which uses auxiliary verbs as well as an imperfect tense which expresses continuous or repetitive events or actions. Some languages inflect the verb, which changes the ending to indicate the past tense, while non-inflected languages may use other words meaning, for example, "yesterday" or "last week" to indicate that something took place in the past.
Exton, Somerset
Exton is a village and civil parish 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Dulverton and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Dunster in Somerset, England. It lies on the River Exe on Exmoor. The parish includes the village of Bridgetown and covers 2,017 ha, all of which is within the national park.

River Exe
The River Exe (/ˈɛks/ EKS) is a river in England that rises at Exe Head, near the village of Simonsbath, on Exmoor in Somerset, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) from the Bristol Channel coast, but flows more or less directly due south, so that most of its length lies in Devon. It flows for 60 miles (96 km) and reaches the sea at a substantial ria, the Exe Estuary, on the south (English Channel) coast of Devon.  Historically, its lowest bridging point was the Old Exe Bridge in Exeter, the largest settlement on the river, but there is now a viaduct for the M5 motorway about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the city centre.
Hebri
Hebri is a town and taluk headquarters in the Udupi district of Karnataka, at the foot of the Western Ghats of India in Karnataka state. It was first inaugurated as a taluk in 2018. It is a main junction and a central point of roads leading to Mangalore, Brahmavar, Karkala, Kundapura, Agumbe, Shivamogga and Udupi.  The area's forests receive high rainfall throughout the year. Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary is located nearby, which covers the entire route till Agumbe and the western Ghats. The sanctuary houses a number of endangered species including the King Cobra.

The local languages are  Tulu,KANNADA,KONKANI and Kundagannada.

Udupi
Udupi (Kannada: [uɖupi]) also known as Odipu (Tulu: [oɖipu]) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Udupi district, and one of the fastest-growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka and has various educational institutions. It is notable for the Krishna Temple and is also known as the temple city. It also lends its name to the popular Udupi cuisine, is also known as Parashurama Kshetra, and is famous for Kanakana kindi. Udupi district is located in western part of Karnataka.