hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rheinfelden Augarten railway station
Rheinfelden Augarten railway station (German: Bahnhof Rheinfelden Augarten) is a railway station in the municipality of Rheinfelden, in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is an intermediate stop on the Bözberg line and is served by local trains only.

Rheinfelden (Aargau)
Rheinfelden (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈraɪnˌfɛldn̩] ⓘ; Alemannic German: Rhyfälde [ˈriːfæld̥ə]) is a municipality in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, seat of the district of Rheinfelden.  It is located 15 kilometres east of Basel.  The name means the fields of the Rhine, as the town is located on the High Rhine.  It is home to Feldschlösschen, the most popular beer in Switzerland. The city is across the river from Rheinfelden in Baden-Württemberg; the two cities were joined until Napoleon Bonaparte fixed the Germany–Switzerland border on the Rhine in 1802 and are still socially and economically tied.
Wijdan Michael
Wijdan Michael Salem (Arabic: وجدان ميخائيل سليم; born 1963) is a former Minister of Human Rights in Iraq and currently advisor for development and service for the Prime Minister's Office.  She made history by being a woman involved in the crafting of the 2005 Constitution of Iraq.

Ministry of Human Rights (Iraq)
The Ministry of Human Rights was a cabinet-level ministry within the government of Iraq between 2003 and 2015. The Ministry was created by the Coalition Provisional Authority when the Iraqi Governing Council was formed after the invasion of Iraq.

The Ministry is concerned with human rights advocacy, Saddam regime victims, victims of terrorism rights, martyrs rights, prisoners rights and mass graves in Iraq.
Robert Watson (harbourmaster)
Robert Watson  (c. 1756–November 1, 1819) was a British sailor who arrived in Australia with the First Fleet as quartermaster of the ship Sirius.

Robert Watson was born in Northumberland.

In 1801 Watson was granted land at South Head in Sydney Harbour, in what is now known as Watsons Bay. In 1929, a seat to commemorate Watson was erected in Robertson Park with an inaccurate inscription, reading "To commemorate Robert Watson after whom this Bay is named Quartermaster of H.M.S. Sirius 1786-1790 Signal-Man South Head 1791-1811 Pilot and Harbour Master 1811-1816 Superintendent of Macquarie Lighthouse 1818 Died 1st November 1819".

There is no record of Watson's wife, but while in Sydney, Watson had two sons and a daughter with her. Watson requested leave due to an illness in October 1819, and died on November 1, 1819, at his home. He was buried in the Sandhills Cemetery, but his remains were later moved to La Perouse in 1901.

Watsons Bay
Watsons Bay is a harbourside, eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Watsons Bay is located 11 km north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra.

Watsons Bay sits on the end of the South Head peninsula and takes its name from the sheltered bay and anchorage on its western side, in Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour). It provides views across the harbour to the Sydney Harbour Bridge.  The Gap is an ocean cliff on the eastern side with views to Manly at North Head and the Pacific Ocean. Vaucluse is the only adjacent suburb, to the south.
Dave Peverett
David Jack Peverett (16 April 1943 – 7 February 2000), also known as Lonesome Dave, was an English singer and guitarist, best known as the original lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the rock band Foghat, which he co-founded following his tenure in Savoy Brown.

Foghat
Foghat are an English rock band formed in London in 1971. The band are known for the use of electric slide guitar in their music. Their best known song is the 1975 hit "Slow Ride". The band have released 17 studio albums, including eight gold albums and one platinum, along with one double platinum live album. Despite several line-up changes, the band continue to record and perform.
Bougou, Benin
Bougou is an arrondissement in the Donga department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Djougou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 9 505.There are Yom, Lokpa, Fulani, Koura and Kotokoli languages in Bougou.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
WCCT-FM
WCCT-FM was a radio station on 90.3 FM in Harwich, Massachusetts, United States, which operated from 1989 to 2014. It was the radio station of Cape Cod Regional Technical High School and broadcast from a transmitter site on the campus.

Originally a student-run station, it spent most of its history rebroadcasting WBUR-FM of Boston. It ceased airing any local programming in 2011. WBUR replaced WCCT-FM in its network with a new and higher-power station, WBUH, in 2014.

Cape Cod Regional Technical High School
Cape Cod Regional Technical High School, also known as Cape Tech, Cape Cod Tech, Lower Cape Tech, and sometimes abbreviated as CCT, is a public vocational and technical high school located in Harwich, Massachusetts, United States.

Cape Cod Regional Technical High School was founded in 1975. The school accepts students from the towns of Mashpee, Barnstable, Yarmouth, Harwich, Dennis, Chatham, Brewster, Orleans, Eastham, Wellfleet, Truro and Provincetown. Cape Cod Tech is located just off Route 6 in Harwich at Exit 82.

The school has an approximate enrollment of 650+ students in grades 9–12. The previous school building has been closed and demolished to make way for a new building, which was scheduled to be opened after the 2019–2020 school year, but partially closed due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Frisby on the Wreake
Frisby on the Wreake is a village and civil parish on the River Wreake about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, England. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 557.

The toponym "Frisby" was applied by Danish invaders in the 9th or 10th century. It refers to the farm or settlement of the Frisians. The "on the Wreake" suffix was added later to distinguish the village from another Frisby, near Billesdon, about 8 miles (13 km) to the southeast. "Wreake" refers to the River Wreake. The name of the river originates from a Danish word referring to the meandering nature of the river.

Frisby, Leicestershire
Frisby is a hamlet and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire that lies approximately 7.3 miles (11.7 km) southeast of the city of Leicester, that is now largely a deserted medieval village. The 2011 census for Frisby returned 5 houses and 16 residents. Often termed as Frisby by Gaulby (so as not to be confused with the nearby village of Frisby on the Wreake), the modern hamlet is situated between the village of Gaulby 1 mile (1.6 km) to the southwest and Billesdon 1.94 miles (3.12 km) to the northeast.
Tenkai palm
The Tenkai palm is a card magic technique used to palm a card. It was invented by the Japanese magician Tenkai, whose real name was Teijiro Ishida (1889–1972). The Tenkai palm has many applications in card magic, as well as other manipulative magic with objects of a similar size, such as jumbo coins. Additionally, the Tenkai palm allows a great deal of freedom in the methods of concealing and revealing.

Card manipulation
Card manipulation, commonly known as card magic, is the branch of magic that deals with creating effects using sleight of hand techniques involving playing cards. Card manipulation is often used in magical performances, especially in close-up, parlor, and street magic. Some of the most recognized names in this field include Dai Vernon, Tony Slydini, Ed Marlo, S.W. Erdnase, Richard Turner, John Scarne, Ricky Jay and René Lavand. Before becoming world-famous for his escapes, Houdini billed himself as "The King of Cards".  Among the more well-known card tricks relying on card manipulation are Ambitious Card, and Three-card Monte, a common street hustle also known as Find the Lady.
Omurajinjamae Station
Omurajinjamae Station (小村神社前駅, Omura-Jinja-Mae-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the village of Hidaka, Takaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is named after nearby Omura Shrine. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "K08-1". Tha station is also called "Tosa-Ninomiya".

Hidaka, Kōchi
Hidaka (日高村, Hidaka-mura) is a village located in Takaoka District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2022, the village had an estimated population of 4,871 in 2451 households and a population density of 110 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 44.85 square kilometres (17.32 sq mi).
Hwang Hyun-chul
Hwang Hyun-chul  (born on March 4, 1947) is a South Korean martial artist who is a tenth-degree midnight blue belt in Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan and the son of the late Hwang Kee, founder of the Soo Bahk Do Moo Duk Kwan (formerly Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan) system.

Moo Duk Kwan
Moo Duk Kwan is the name of a martial art organization founded by Hwang Kee in South Korea in 1945. Licensed Moo Duk Kwan schools teach Soo Bahk Do, formerly Tang Soo Do (and earlier 'Hwa Soo Do'). 'Moo Duk Kwan' translates as "School of Martial Virtue".
Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan translates to “the brotherhood and school of stopping inner and outer conflict and developing virtue according to the way of the worthy hand”
Pinocchio's Daring Journey
Pinocchio's Daring Journey is a dark ride at Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland, and Disneyland Park (Paris). Located in the Fantasyland section of each park, this ride is based on Disney's 1940 animated film version of the classic story, which was the studio's second animated feature film. The attraction tells an abbreviated version of the film, with Pinocchio escaping from Stromboli's puppet show and visiting Pleasure Island, ignoring Jiminy Cricket's advice. Monstro the whale makes an appearance, and Pinocchio is finally reunited with Geppetto and turned into a real boy.

The attraction was built in 1983, as part of Disneyland's "New Fantasyland" expansion.

Dark ride
A dark ride—or ghost train when horror themed—is an indoor amusement ride on which passengers aboard guided vehicles travel through specially lit scenes that typically contain animation, sound, music and special effects. Appearing as early as the 19th century, such exhibits include tunnels of love, scary themes and interactive stories. Dark rides are intended to tell stories, with thematic elements that immerse riders, which unfold throughout the course of the attraction.
Fakemink
Vincenzo Camille (born 29 January 2005), known professionally as Fakemink (stylised in lowercase) and previously 9090gate, is a British rapper and producer. A member of London's underground hip hop scene, his releases include the viral "Easter Pink", and one studio album, London's Saviour.

Nettspend
Gunner Shepardson (born March 18, 2007), professionally known as Nettspend, is an American rapper and songwriter. He gained popularity after a snippet of his song "Drankdrankdrank" went viral on Twitter in late 2023.

Growing up surrounded by music, Nettspend began rapping while in fifth grade. After releasing multiple singles, he signed with rapper Lil Bibby's label Grade A Productions, in a joint venture with Interscope Records, and later released his debut mixtape, Bad Ass F*cking Kid, on December 6, 2024.

Nettspend's musical style is rooted in hip hop subgenres such as trap and jerk, characterized by "distorted 808s", "loose piano riffs", and "glimmering synths". He is an affiliate of Xaviersobased's collective 1c34, which helped pioneer and popularize the jerk microgenre during the early 2020s.
Government of Malta
The Government of Malta (Maltese: Gvern ta' Malta) is the executive branch of the Republic of Malta. It is made up of the Cabinet and the Parliamentary Secretaries. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Malta, with the President making their decision based on the situation within the Maltese parliament. The Prime Minister is responsible for assigning departments of government to Permanent Secretaries. The President of Malta also appoints the rest of the cabinet with the assent of the Prime Minister of Malta.

President of Malta
The president of Malta (Maltese: President ta' Malta) is the constitutional head of state of Malta. The president is indirectly elected by the House of Representatives of Malta, which appoints the president for a five-year term and requires them to swear an oath to "preserve, protect and defend" the Constitution. The president of Malta also  presides directly or indirectly over all three branches of the state. They are part of Parliament and responsible for the appointment of members of the judiciary. Executive authority is nominally vested in the president, but is in practice exercised by the prime minister.
Parkinsonian gait
Parkinsonian gait (or festinating gait, from Latin festinare [to hurry]) is the type of gait exhibited by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It is often described by people with Parkinson's as feeling like being stuck in place, when initiating a step or turning, and can increase the risk of falling. This disorder is caused by a deficiency of dopamine in the basal ganglia circuit leading to motor deficits. Gait is one of the most affected motor characteristics of this disorder although symptoms of Parkinson's disease are varied.

Parkinsonian gait is characterized by small shuffling steps and a general slowness of movement (hypokinesia), or even the total loss of movement (akinesia) in extreme cases. Patients with PD demonstrate reduced stride length, walking speed during free ambulation and cadence rate, while double support duration is increased.  The patient has difficulty starting, but also has difficulty stopping after starting. This is due to muscle hypertonicity.

Gait abnormality
Gait abnormality is a deviation from normal walking (gait). Watching a patient walk is an important part of the neurological examination. Normal gait requires that many systems, including strength, sensation and coordination, function in an integrated fashion. Many common problems in the nervous system and musculoskeletal system will show up in the way a person walks.
Bun'ō
Bun'ō (文応) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year name") after Shōka and before Kōchō. This period spanned the years from April 1260 to February 1261. The reigning emperor was Kameyama-tennō (亀山天皇).

Emperor Kameyama
Emperor Kameyama (亀山天皇, Kameyama-tennō; 9 July 1249 – 4 October 1305) was the 90th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  His reign spanned the years from 1260 through 1274.
Bartın Province
Bartın Province (Turkish: Bartın ili) is a small province in northern Turkey on the Black Sea, surrounding the city of Bartın. Its area is 2,330 km2, and its population is 203,351 (2022). It lies to the east of Zonguldak Province.

The town of Bartın contains a number of very old wooden houses in a style no longer existent in other places.

Bartın province includes the ancient port town of Amasra (Amastris). This town stands on two small fortified islands and contains many interesting old buildings and restaurants.

Provinces of Turkey
Turkey is divided into 81 provinces (Turkish: il). Each province is divided into a number of districts (ilçe). Each provincial government is seated in the central district (merkez ilçe). For non-metropolitan municipality designated provinces, the central district bears the name of the province (e.g. the city/district of Rize is the central district of Rize Province). In the Ottoman Empire, the corresponding unit was the vilayet.

Each province is administered by an appointed governor (vali) from the Ministry of the Interior.
Siri Nergaard
Siri Nergaard (born 1962) is a Norwegian scholar of translation and Scandinavian studies.

Siri Nergaard graduated from the University of Oslo and then the University of Bologna. Nergaard taught Norwegian at the University of Florence. Currently she lectures at the University of South-Eastern Norway at the Vestfold campus. Her research areas include semiotics, cultural studies, and translation studies. In 2011 she became the editor-in-chief of Translation: A Transdisciplinary Journal. Together with Stefano Arduini she is credited for coining the concept of post-translation studies. Nergaard has also translated works by Umberto Eco into Norwegian.

Stefano Arduini
Stefano Arduini (born 1956) is a scholar of linguistics, rhetoric, semiotics and translation. He is Full Professor of Linguistics at the University of Rome Link Campus where he is the director of the Publishing Professionals Master's degree. He teaches Theory of Translation at the University of Urbino, and is the president of San Pellegrino Unicampus Foundation in Misano Adriatico (Rimini).
Antwerp Province
The Antwerp Province (/ˈæntwɜːrp/; Dutch: Provincie Antwerpen [proːˈvɪnsi ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]; French: Province d'Anvers; German: Provinz Antwerpen), between 1815 and 1830 known as Central Brabant (Dutch: Midden-Brabant [ˌmɪdə(m)ˈbraːbɑnt], French: Brabant-Central, German: Mittel-Brabant), is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium. It borders on the North Brabant province of the Netherlands to the north and the Belgian provinces of Limburg, Flemish Brabant and East Flanders. Its capital is Antwerp, which includes the Port of Antwerp, the second-largest seaport in Europe. It has an area of 2,876 km2 (1,110 sq mi), and with over 1.92 million inhabitants as of January 2024, is the country's most populous province. The province consists of three arrondissements: Antwerp, Mechelen and Turnhout. The eastern part of the province comprises the main part of the Campine region.

Balen
Balen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbaːlə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the towns of Balen proper and Olmen. In 2021, Balen had a population of 22,853. The total area of Balen is 72.88 km2.
Variety (cybernetics)
In cybernetics, the term variety denotes the total number of distinguishable elements of a set, most often the set of states, inputs, or outputs of a finite-state machine or transformation, or the binary logarithm of the same quantity. Variety is used in cybernetics as an information theory that is easily related to deterministic finite automata, and less formally as a conceptual tool for thinking about organization, regulation, and stability. It is an early theory of complexity in automata, complex systems,: 6  and operations research.

W. Ross Ashby
William Ross Ashby (6 September 1903 – 15 November 1972) was an English psychiatrist and a pioneer in cybernetics, the study of the science of communications and automatic control systems in both machines and living things. His first name was not used: he was known as Ross Ashby.: 91

His two books, Design for a Brain and An Introduction to Cybernetics, introduced exact and logical thinking into the brand new discipline of cybernetics and were highly influential.: 93  These "missionary works" along with his technical contributions made Ashby "the major theoretician of cybernetics after Wiener".: 28
Prussian Secret Police
The Prussian Secret Police (German: Preußische Geheimpolizei) was the secret police of Prussia in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

In 1851 the Police Union of German States was set up by the police forces of Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Hanover, Baden, and Württemberg (Deflem 1996). It was specifically organised to suppress political dissent in the wake of the 1848 revolutions which spread across Germany. For the next fifteen years the Union held annual meetings to exchange information.

Police Union of German States
The Police Union of German States was the first known initiative for international law enforcement cooperation. Established in 1851 in response to the Revolutions of 1848, the organization served as an information exchange among the secret police forces of a number of German-speaking countries.
Pleurodonte
Pleurodonte is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pleurodontinae of the family Pleurodontidae.

The genus Dentellaria Schumacher, 1817 is considered to be a synonym of Pleurodonte by Vera (2008), but Schileyko (2006) considered Dentellaria to be a separate genus.

Pleurodontidae
Pleurodontidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.

This family is classified within the order Stylommatophora within the superorder Eupulmonata (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies.

The family Pleurodontidae includes some American taxa that used to be included within the Australasian family Camaenidae, a taxon whose monophyly was in doubt.
East Wall
East Wall (Irish: An Port Thoir) is an inner city area of the Northside of Dublin, Ireland. Built on reclaimed ground in the 1820s, the area is also 30 minutes walk from Dublin's main thoroughfare, O'Connell Street.

East Wall Road
East Wall Road (Irish: Bóthar an Phoirt Thoir) runs from the junction of the East-Link drawbridge and North Wall Quay, along the side of the northern part of Dublin port to the junction of the North Strand Road and Poplar Row.
Prosomphax
Prosomphax is a very small genus in the geometer moth family (Geometridae). As of 2005, only four species had been described; all are found in the southern half of Africa. This little-studied genus belongs to the emerald moth subfamily (Geometrinae), but beyond that its relationships are still rather obscure.

The species of Prosomphax are:

Prosomphax callista Warren, 1911

Prosomphax deuterurga Prout, 1922

Prosomphax anomala (Warren, 1902)

Prosomphax horitropha Krüger, 2005

Geometrinae
Geometrinae is the nominate subfamily of the geometer moth family (Geometridae). It is strongly split, containing a considerable number of tribes of which most are presently very small or monotypic. These small moths are often a light bluish green, leading to the common name of emerald moths, though a few species called thus are also found in the tribe Campaeini of the Ennominae. In 2018, a phylogeny and classification based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis was published in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society in which 13 tribes were accepted.

There are about 2,300 described species, mostly from the tropics.
Dietrich Müller-Doblies
Dietrich Müller-Doblies (born 1938) is a German systematic botanist. His main areas of interest are the Bryophyta, the Spermatophyta, the Monocotyledons, Amaryllidaceae, Colchicaceae and Hyacinthaceae. He is currently at the Herbarium of the Technische Universität Berlin Most of his botanical writings are in conjunction with Ute Müller-Doblies, whose author abbreviation is U.Müll.-Doblies, however most taxa named by them bear both names, signified by D.Müll.-Doblies & U.Müll.-Doblies or D. & U. M.-D. and sometimes D. et U. M.-D..

Ute Müller-Doblies
Ute Müller-Doblies is a German botanist with an interest in the systematics of Amaryllidaceae. She is currently at the Herbarium of the Technische Universität Berlin in collaboration with Dietrich Müller-Doblies (D.Müll.-Doblies.).