hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023–24 Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team
The 2023–24 Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team represented Santa Clara University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Broncos, led by eighth-year head coach Herb Sendek, played their home games at the Leavey Center as members of the West Coast Conference. They finished the season 20–13, 10–6 in WCC play to finish in fourth place. As the No. 4 seed in the WCC Tournament, they defeated San Diego in the quarterfinals, before losing to Saint Mary's in the semifinals.

2023–24 Saint Mary's Gaels men's basketball team
The 2023–24 Saint Mary's Gaels men's basketball team represented Saint Mary's College of California during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Randy Bennett in his 23rd season at Saint Mary's. The Gaels played their home games at the University Credit Union Pavilion in Moraga, California, as members of the West Coast Conference (WCC). They finished the season 26–8, 15–1 in WCC play to win the regular season championship. As the No. 1 seed in the WCC tournament, they defeated Santa Clara in the semifinals and beat Gonzaga in the championship to win the WCC tournament. Therefore, they received an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament where as the No. 5 seed in the West region, they were upset in the first round by Grand Canyon.
Kotrag
Kotrag was according to Nikephoros I of Constantinople a son of Kubrat of the Dulo clan of Bulgars. Following the death of his father, he began to extend the influence of his Bulgars to the Volga River. He is remembered as the founder of Volga Bulgaria.

Dulo
The Dulo clan was a ruling dynasty of the Bulgars, who were of Turkic origin. It is generally considered that their elite was related to the Huns and the Western Turkic Khaganate. Particularly, it is said that the Dulo descended from the rulers of Old Great Bulgaria. This state was a centralized monarchy from its inception, unlike previous Hunno-Turkic political entities, which were tribal confederations.

The royal family and rulers of Old Great Bulgaria (632–668) and the first half of the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018), in their prince lists (Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans) claimed through descent from Attila through Irnik, possibly Attila's attested son Ernak. During the pagan period, the succession of clan leadership was based on traditions brought over to the Balkans from the Eurasian Steppe, which include the rulers' divine ancestry. At the head of the clan was the Khan, who reigned as the head of state, military leader, and probably high priest of the Bulgar god, Tangra.
Smirnoff (surname)
Smirnoff is a Germanization of the Russian-language surname Smirnov. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Smirnoff (1838–1913), Finnish scientist, pomologist and writer

Alexis Smirnoff, Canadian professional wrestler

Boris Smirnoff (1903–2007), Franco-Russian cubist, avantgardist and analytical art painter

Karin Smirnoff (1880–1973), Finnish-Swedish writer

Karin Smirnoff (writer) (born 1963), Swedish writer

Karina Smirnoff, Ukrainian-American dancer best known for Dancing with the Stars

Natalia Smirnoff, Argentine film director and screenwriter

Veronica Smirnoff, Russian-born British artist

Wladimir Smirnoff (1917–2000), Soviet-born entomologist who worked in French Morocco and Canada

Yakov Smirnoff, Ukrainian-American comedian

Smirnov
Smirnov (masculine, Russian: Смирно́в) or Smirnova (feminine, Russian: Смирно́ва) is one of the two most common surnames in Russia. Smirnov (Russian: Смирнов) is derived from an adjectival nickname smirnyj (смирный; in archaic form smirnoy, смирной), meaning 'quiet, still, peaceful, gentle'.
Pegula Ice Arena
The Pegula Ice Arena is a 6,014-seat multi-purpose arena in University Park, Pennsylvania on the campus of Penn State University. The facility is located on the corner of Curtin Road and University Drive near the Bryce Jordan Center. The arena is named after Kim and Terry Pegula for their donations to fund the arena and it replaced the 1,350-seat Penn State Ice Pavilion.

The arena contains two ice surfaces. One, the Varsity Rink, is used for Penn State Hockey games and other main events. It has a capacity of 6,014. The other, the Community Rink, has a capacity of 300 and functions as a public ice rink for the community.

Bryce Jordan Center
The Bryce Jordan Center is a 15,261-seat multi-purpose arena in College Township, Pennsylvania, on the University Park campus of the Pennsylvania State University. The arena opened on January 6, 1996, and is the largest such indoor venue in Pennsylvania outside of those in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. The arena replaced Rec Hall as the home to the Nittany Lions men's and women's basketball and the Pride of the Lions Pep Band and its student section, known as Legion of Blue. The arena also periodically hosts concerts, circuses, and commencement ceremonies for the university.

The arena is named after Bryce Jordan, Penn State University's president from 1983 until 1990 who was instrumental in acquiring funding needed to build it. The arena is associated with the Arena Network, a marketing and scheduling group of 38 arenas.
Sacraments of the Catholic Church
There are seven sacraments of the Catholic Church, which according to Catholic theology were instituted by Jesus Christ and entrusted to the Church. Sacraments are visible rites seen as signs and efficacious channels of the grace of God to all those who receive them with the proper disposition.

The sacraments are often classified into three categories: the sacraments of initiation (into the Catholic Church and the mystical body of Christ), consisting of baptism, confirmation, and the Eucharist; the sacraments of healing, consisting of penance and the anointing of the sick; and the sacraments of service: holy orders and matrimony. Furthermore, baptism and penance were also known as the "sacraments of the dead" (in the meaning that the souls of the sinners which are regarded dead before God may obtain life through these sacraments), whereas the other five are collectively the "sacraments of the living".

Catechism of the Catholic Church
The Catechism of the Catholic Church (Latin: Catechismus Catholicae Ecclesiae; commonly called the Catechism or the CCC) is a reference work that summarizes the Catholic Church's doctrine. It was promulgated by Pope John Paul II in 1992 as a reference for the development of local catechisms, directed primarily to those (in the church) responsible for catechesis and offered as "useful reading for all other Christian faithful". It has been translated into and published in more than twenty languages worldwide.

John Paul II referred to it as "the Catechism of the Second Vatican Council", and Pope Benedict XVI described it as "one of the most important fruits of the Second Vatican Council".
Tetton, Kingston St Mary
Tetton is an historic estate in the parish of Kingston St Mary in the English county of Somerset. The present grade II* listed Tetton House dates from 1790 and was enlarged and mainly rebuilt in 1924–6 by Hon. Mervyn Herbert (1882–1929) to the design of the architect Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel.

Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon
Colonel Henry George Herbert, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon, FSA (3 June 1772 – 16 April 1833), styled The Honourable Henry Herbert from 1780 to 1793 and Lord Porchester from 1793 to 1811, was a British military officer and Whig politician.
Skrzeczkowice
Skrzeczkowice (German: Eichendorf) is a sołectwo in the northern part Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It was an independent village but became administratively part of Jastrzębie-Zdrój in 1975. It has na area of 248,84 ha (historically it was 326 ha) and on December 31, 2012 it had 728 inhabitants.

The name of the village is possessive in origins derived from personal name Skrzek. Since the 14th century the name had been scribed as Skrzetzkowitz, Skrzeczkowicz, Skreczkowitz. The German name Eichendorf, after a German poet (Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff), appeared in 1907, which was a result of the arrival of German settlers in 1904.

Jastrzębie-Zdrój
Jastrzębie-Zdrój ([jaˈstʂɛmbjɛ ˈzdruj] ⓘ; German: Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb, originally Jastrzemb; Czech: Lázně Jestřebí; Silesian: Jastrzymbie-Zdroj) is a city in the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland with 86,632 inhabitants (2021). Its name comes from the Polish words jastrząb ("hawk") and zdrój ("spa" or "spring").

From 1861 until the 20th century, it was a spa village situated in Upper Silesia. It was granted city rights in 1963. In the early 1980s, the city was one of the main centers of workers' protests, which resulted in the creation of Solidarity.
Secular Institute Pius X
The Secular Institute Pius X, or Pius X Secular Institute (ISPX), is a Catholic men's clerical secular institute of consecrated life of diocesan right headquartered in Charlesbourg, Quebec City, Canada.

Secular institute
In the Catholic Church, a secular institute is one of the forms of consecrated life recognized in Church law (1983 Code of Canon Law Canons 710–730):

A secular institute is an institute of consecrated life in which the Christian faithful living in the world strive for the perfection of charity and work for the sanctification of the world, especially from within. (Canon 710)

Secular consecrated persons profess the evangelical counsels of chastity, poverty, and obedience while living in the world, as distinct from members of religious institutes, whose members live a communal life separate, to some degree, from the world, often with specific apostolates.
1968 Davis Cup Americas Zone
The Americas Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1968 Davis Cup.

9 teams entered the Americas Zone: 4 teams competed in the North & Central America Zone, while 5 teams competed in the South America Zone. The winner of each sub-zone would play against each other to determine who moved to the Inter-Zonal Zone to compete against the winners of the Eastern Zone and Europe Zone.

The United States defeated Mexico in the North & Central America Zone final, and Ecuador defeated Chile in the South America Zone final. In the Americas Inter-Zonal Final, the United States defeated Ecuador and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

1968 Davis Cup Eastern Zone
The Eastern Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1968 Davis Cup.

9 teams entered the Eastern Zone, competing across 2 sub-zones. The winner of each sub-zones would play against each other to determine who would compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Americas Zone and Europe Zone.

Japan defeated the Philippines in the Zone A final, and India defeated Ceylon in the Zone B final. In the Inter-Zonal final India defeated Japan and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.
Crossing-based interface
Crossing-based interfaces are graphical user interfaces that use crossing gestures instead of, or in complement to, pointing. Where a pointing task involves moving a cursor inside a graphical object and pressing a button, a goal-crossing task involves moving a cursor beyond a boundary of a targeted graphical object to trigger an effect.

Fitts's law
Fitts's law (also known as Fitts' law) is a predictive model of human movement primarily used in human–computer interaction and ergonomics. The law predicts that the time required to rapidly move to a target area is a function of the ratio between the distance to the target and the width of the target. Fitts's law is used to model the act of pointing, either by physically touching an object with a hand or finger, or virtually, by pointing to an object on a computer monitor using a pointing device. It was initially developed by Paul Fitts.

Fitts's law has been shown to apply under a variety of conditions; with many different limbs (hands, feet, the lower lip, head-mounted sights), manipulanda (input devices), physical environments (including underwater), and user populations (young, old, special educational needs, and drugged participants).
Los Angeles (The Brilliant Green album)
Los Angeles is the third album by Japanese rock band The Brilliant Green, released in 2001. This album represented a shift in the band's sound, from the 1960s-influenced jangle pop to a darker, heavier early 1990s shoegaze sound. When The Brilliant Green was featured on Time Magazine's "Ten Best Bands On Planet Earth" article, it was Los Angeles that was listed as their key album.

The Brilliant Green
The Brilliant Green (Japanese: ザ・ブリリアント・グリーン, Hepburn: Za Buririanto Gurīn) is a Japanese rock band from Kyoto formed in 1995. They were signed to Sony Music Records. Their major debut single under Sony, "Bye Bye Mr. Mug", was released in 1997. Their contract with Sony ended in 2008, and on December 1, 2009, the band announced that it had signed with Warner Music Japan.
Simpsonville, Kentucky
Simpsonville is a home rule-class city in Shelby County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is located 8 miles west of Shelbyville, Kentucky and 23 miles east of Louisville situated along U.S. 60. As of the 2020 census, Simpsonville had a population of 2,990.

Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".
2019 Miami Open
The 2019 Miami Open (sponsored by Itaú) was a professional men and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts that started on March 18, 2019, and ended on March 31, 2019.  It was the 35th edition of the Miami Open, and part of the Masters 1000 category on the 2019 ATP Tour, and of the Premier Mandatory category on the 2019 WTA Tour. This was the first time the tournament took place at the Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, United States.

2019 ATP Tour
The 2019 ATP Tour was the global elite men's professional tennis circuit organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for the 2019 tennis season. The 2019 ATP Tour calendar comprised the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Tour Masters 1000, the ATP Finals, the ATP Tour 500 series, the ATP Tour 250 series and Davis Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 2019 calendar were the Hopman Cup, the Laver Cup and the Next Gen ATP Finals which do not distribute ranking points. For the Masters series events the ATP introduced a shot clock. Players had a minute to come on court, 5 minutes to warmup, and then a minute to commence play, as well as 25 seconds between points.
Food Additives Amendment of 1958
The Food Additives Amendment of 1958 is a 1958 amendment to the United States' Food, Drugs, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. It was a response to concerns about the safety of new food additives. The amendment established an exemption from the "food additive" definition and requirements for substances "generally recognized as safe" by scientific experts in the field, based on long history of use before 1958 or based on scientific studies. New food additives would be subject to testing including by the "Delaney clause". The Delaney clause was a provision in the amendment which said that if a substance were found to cause cancer in man or animal, then it could not be used as a food additive.

Food additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives, such as vinegar (pickling), salt (salting), smoke (smoking) and sugar (crystallization), have been used for centuries to preserve food. This allows for longer-lasting foods, such as bacon, sweets, and wines.

With the advent of ultra-processed foods in the late 20th century, many additives having both natural and artificial origin were introduced. Food additives also include substances that may be introduced to food indirectly (called "indirect additives") in the manufacturing process through packaging, storage or transport.

In Europe and internationally, many additives are designated with E numbers, while in the United States, additives in amounts deemed safe for human consumption are designated as GRAS.
Paweł Zagrodnik
Paweł Zagrodnik (born 10 September 1987, Ruda Śląska) is a Polish judoka.

In April 2012, he won a bronze medal at the 2012 European Judo Championships in the team competition. He competed for his country at the 2012 Summer Olympics in judo and achieved fourth position, losing in controversial circumstances to Masashi Ebinuma in his bronze medal match.

Masashi Ebinuma
Masashi Ebinuma (海老沼 匡, Ebinuma Masashi; born 15 February 1990) is a Japanese judoka.
Ebinuma is a triple world champion, having won in 2011, 2013 and 2014. A dominant force in the half-lightweight division, he was ranked first in the world for three years. He is regarded as an ultimate stylist of seoi nage. He is also known for being a quadruple All-Japan national champion.

Ebinuma won bronze medals at the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics. He married judoka Kana Abe in 2014. Both spouses are Asian and World champion judokas.
Samuel Pallache
Samuel Pallache (Arabic: صامويل آل بالاتش, Samuil al-Baylash, Hebrew: שמואל פלאצ'ה, Shmuel Palache, c. 1550 – 4 February 1616) was a Jewish Moroccan merchant, diplomat, and pirate of the Pallache family, who, as envoy, concluded a treaty with the Dutch Republic in 1608. His antecedents fled to Morocco during the Reconquista. Appointed as an agent under the Saadi Sultan Zidan Abu Maali, Pallache traveled to the newly-independent Dutch Republic to discuss diplomatic terms with the Dutch against their mutual enemy, the Spanish. He died in the Netherlands, brought there due to the intervention of his ally, Maurice of Nassau, who helped him when he was arrested by the Spanish.

Morocco–Netherlands relations
Relations between the Moroccans and the Dutch people of the Kingdom of the Netherlands span a period from the 16th century since the Dutch Revolt period and the era of the Dutch Empire and the Dutch Republic to the present day. The relations between the Moroccans and the Dutch people were strengthened during the reigns of William the Silent and Maurice of Orange, the founding father of the House of Nassau dynasty, the House of Orange-Nassau dynasty and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Dutch-Moroccans are the third-largest ethnic group in the country. Morocco is represented in the Netherlands by an embassy in The Hague, as well as four consulate-generals in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, 's-Hertogenbosch, and Utrecht. The Netherlands is represented in Morocco by an embassy in Rabat and a consulate-general in Casablanca.
Tung Choi Street
22°19′8.8602″N 114°10′14.1126″E﻿ / ﻿22.319127833°N 114.170586833°E﻿ / 22.319127833; 114.170586833

Tung Choi Street (Chinese: 通菜街; Jyutping: tung1 coi3 gaai1; Cantonese Yale: tūng choi gāai; pinyin: tōngcàijiē) is a street situated between south of Sai Yeung Choi Street and Fa Yuen Street in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is one of the most well-known street markets in Hong Kong. Its southern section, popularly known as Ladies' Market or Ladies' Street (女人街), sells various, low-priced products for women and also other general merchandise. Its northern section not far above Bute Street, has a wide variety of affordable plants, pet supplies and animals especially goldfish since it is also known as "Goldfish Street".

Goldfish Street
Goldfish Street (Chinese: 金魚街) or Goldfish Market - is a section of Tung Choi Street, north of Bute Street. There are numerous of shops selling tropical freshwater and marine fish, reptiles, vivariums etc. The shops open around 11 o'clock in the morning. There are also quite a few restaurants or street food vendors on this street.

There have been proposals to redevelop the area which may put the Goldfish market in jeopardy. There have also been reports about the sale of threatened or endangered species.

The market is located close to other local attractions, such as the Flower Market and the Bird Market.
22°19′23.5″N 114°10′11.17″E﻿ / ﻿22.323194°N 114.1697694°E﻿ / 22.323194; 114.1697694
Decimoputzu
Decimoputzu (Sardinian: Deximuputzu or Deximu de Putzu) is a comune (municipality) of about 4,000 inhabitants in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Cagliari.

Decimoputzu borders the following municipalities: Decimomannu, Siliqua, Vallermosa, Villasor, Villaspeciosa.

Decimomannu
Decimomannu (Sardinian: Deximumannu or Déximu Mannu [ˌdeʒimuˈmanːu]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the region of Sardinia in Italy, located about 17 km (11 mi) northwest of central Cagliari. It has 8,355 inhabitants.
Zhylgaia
Zhylgaia is a genus of fossil bird. Its remains, consisting of two partial humeri, were recovered from an upper Paleocene deposit in Kazakhstan.

The relationships of this genus are unknown; it was initially placed in the Presbyornithidae, which at that time were believed to be some sort of "transitional shorebird". Upon recognition that the presbyornithids were more likely a prehistoric lineage of fairly advanced waterfowl, Zhylgaia was assigned to the form taxon "Graculavidae", an assemblage of Late Cretaceous and Paleocene shorebirds which are not a natural clade but merely an assemblage of superficially similar birds. All that can be said about this taxon is that it was a modern bird, most likely a neognath.

In 2008, Zhylgaia was assigned to Prophaethontidae—an extinct family related to modern tropicbirds—on the basis of its anatomy and size closely matching the prophaethontid Lithoptila.

Prophaethontidae
Prophaethontidae is an extinct family of Early Paleogene phaethontiforms that include the genera Lithoptila and Prophaethon, as well as possibly Phaethusavis and Zhylgaia. The anatomy of the prophaethontids were more similar to those of members of the order Procellariiformes than to Phaethontidae, features including nostrils that are long and slit-like, with longer wings and legs. This suggests that prophaethontids were better at swimming and being more pelagic and surface-feeding than tropicbirds are today. Such features were suggested to link the phaethontiforms with the procellariiforms, but molecular studies do not support this and instead support a relationship between phaethontiforms and the order Eurypygiformes.
Agliano Terme
Agliano Terme (Piedmontese: Ajan) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Asti.

Agliano Terme borders the following municipalities: Calosso, Castelnuovo Calcea, Costigliole d'Asti, Moasca, and Montegrosso d'Asti. Traditionally called simply Agliano (or Ajan in Piemontese), the "Terme" was added in recent times to draw attention to the presence of thermal baths, a tourist attraction.

Montegrosso d'Asti
Montegrosso d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Asti.

Montegrosso d'Asti borders the following municipalities: Agliano Terme, Castelnuovo Calcea, Costigliole d'Asti, Isola d'Asti, Mombercelli, Montaldo Scarampi, Rocca d'Arazzo, and Vigliano d'Asti.