hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brisbane Metro
Brisbane Metro is the brand name of two high-frequency bus rapid transit routes that serve the city of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia. The two routes run through Brisbane CBD every five minutes during peak times. The 66 was renumbered M2 on 28 January 2025, whilst the 111 was renumbered M1 on 30 June 2025.

The routes are served by 50 electric, bi-articulated buses that can carry 150 passengers, or 170 passengers during events. The services are part of Brisbane's bus rapid transit system that use Brisbane's busway network infrastructure and stations. A small number of infrastructure upgrades were built to faciliate the introduction of the new buses, and deal with congestion along the existing system. These include a new short tunnel underneath Adelaide Street in the CBD, an upgrade to the Cultural Centre bus station, the removal of general traffic from Victoria Bridge, and various streetscape upgrades. The total cost of the project was $1.55 billion.

Carrosserie Hess
Carrosserie HESS AG is a bus, trolleybus and commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Bellach, Switzerland. Their products can be found operating in several countries, including the United States, Canada and Australia.
Template method pattern
In object-oriented programming, the template method is one of the behavioral design patterns identified by Gamma et al. in the book Design Patterns.  The template method is a method in a superclass, usually an abstract superclass, and defines the skeleton of an operation in terms of a number of high-level steps.  These steps are themselves implemented by additional helper methods in the same class as the template method.

The helper methods may be either abstract methods, in which case subclasses are required to provide concrete implementations, or hook methods, which have empty bodies in the superclass. Subclasses can (but are not required to) customize the operation by overriding the hook methods.  The intent of the template method is to define the overall structure of the operation, while allowing subclasses to refine, or redefine, certain steps.

Design Patterns
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities and pitfalls of object-oriented programming, and the remaining chapters describing 23 classic software design patterns. The book includes examples in C++ and Smalltalk.

It has been influential to the field of software engineering and is regarded as an important source for object-oriented design theory and practice. More than 500,000 copies have been sold in English and in 13 other languages. The authors are often referred to as the Gang of Four (GoF).
Baryprostha
Baryprostha is a genus of Asian sickle-bearing bush-crickets, not placed in any tribe ; it was erected by Ferdinand Karsch in 1891.  The recorded distribution (probably incomplete) is Taiwan, Thailand and western Malesia.

Phaneropterinae
The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae.  They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids.

The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.
Ancón de Sardinas
Ancón de Sardinas ('Sardinas Bight') is a bight in the Pacific Ocean, located on the border between Colombia, which is to the north (Nariño Department), and Ecuador, which is to the south (Esmeraldas Province). In this place begins the maritime delimitation of the border between Colombia and Ecuador, which consists of a single treaty signed on August 23, 1975 and, from the intersection of the extension of the land border and the confluence of the territorial areas of both countries, a midpoint is marked in the bay; From here to the Mataje River, which flows into it, a line is drawn that terminates the boundary.

Mataje River
The Mataje River is a South American river belonging to the Pacific slope and that for approximately half of its route is the border between Colombia and Ecuador.

The river flows into the bay of Ancón de Sardinas, point where the maritime border between Colombia and Ecuador begins.
Armstrong Siddeley Viper
The Armstrong Siddeley Viper is a British turbojet engine developed and produced by Armstrong Siddeley and then by its successor companies Bristol Siddeley and Rolls-Royce Limited. It entered service in 1953 and remained in use with the Royal Air Force, powering its Dominie T1 navigation training aircraft, until January 2011.

Bristol Siddeley
Bristol Siddeley Engines Ltd (BSEL) was a British aero engine manufacturer. The company was formed in 1959 by a merger of Bristol Aero-Engines Limited and Armstrong Siddeley Motors Limited. In 1961 the company was expanded by the purchase of the de Havilland Engine Company and the engine division of Blackburn Aircraft. Bristol Siddeley was purchased by Rolls-Royce Limited in 1966.
AFC Dunstable
AFC Dunstable are a football club based in Dunstable, Bedfordshire, England. The club are members of Division One Central of the Southern League, and are affiliated to the Bedfordshire County Football Association. They play at Creasey Park.

Dunstable
Dunstable (/ˈdʌnstəbəl/ DUN-stə-bəl) is a market town and civil parish in Bedfordshire, England, east of the Chiltern Hills, 30 miles (50 kilometres) north of London. There are several steep chalk escarpments, most noticeable when approaching Dunstable from the north. Dunstable is the fourth largest town in Bedfordshire and along with Houghton Regis forms the westernmost part of the Luton/Dunstable urban area.
Old Spink Colony
The Old Spink Colony is a Hutterite colony on the James River near Frankfort, South Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The colony was founded by Russian German immigrants from what is now Ukraine.  The listing included four contributing buildings.

As of 1981, it was one of 23 extinct colonies in South Dakota out of 46 colonies which had been established up until then.

It includes the South Dwelling, which has a 1906 date upon it, the East Dwelling, a Dining Hall, and a Carpenter/Welding Shop.

It is included in Spink Colony, South Dakota, a census-designated place.

Spink Colony, South Dakota
Spink Colony is a census-designated place (CDP) and Hutterite colony in Spink County, South Dakota, United States. It was first listed as a CDP before the 2020 census. The population of the CDP was 135 at the 2020 Census.

It is in the southern part of the county, on the east side of the James River. It is 9 miles (14 km) south of Frankfort and 20 miles (32 km) by road southeast of Redfield, the county seat.

The Old Spink Colony, part of the CDP, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Terrell Unit
The Charles T. Terrell Unit is a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison located in unincorporated Brazoria County, Texas, with a Rosharon, Texas postal address; it is not inside the Rosharon census-designated place. The facility is located on Farm to Market Road 655, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Farm to Market Road 521. The prison, has about 16,369 acres (6,624 ha) of land, is co-located with Ramsey Unit and Stringfellow Unit. The prison is in Rosharon, and about 35 miles (56 km) south of Houston.

Stringfellow Unit
The A. M. "Mac" Stringfellow Unit (previously Ramsey II Unit) is a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison located in unincorporated Brazoria County, Texas, with a Rosharon, Texas postal address it is not inside the Rosharon census-designated place. The prison is located on Farm to Market Road 655, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Farm to Market Road 521, and about 30 miles (48 km) south of Houston. The unit is co-located with the Ramsey Unit and the Terrell Unit on a 16,369-acre (6,624 ha) plot of land.
Islam in Lebanon
Islam  has a long, continuous history in Lebanon. The majority of the Lebanese population in Lebanon is Muslim, although the precise percentage is difficult to ascertain. The Lebanese constitution officially guarantees freedom of religion for government-registered religions, including five denominations of Islam, although a blasphemy law and restrictions on religious groups that "disturb the public order" exist as well. Under the Taif Agreement, Muslims are allocated proportional representation across multiple governmental positions.

The Lebanese Druze community are sometimes counted as a branch of Islam within Lebanon, though most Druze followers do not consider themselves Muslim and do not follow the Five Pillars of Islam.

Lebanese Shia Muslims
Lebanese Shia Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون الشيعة اللبنانيون), historically and communally known as Matāwila (Arabic: متاولة, plural of متوالي mutawāli; pronounced as متوالي metouéle in Lebanese Arabic), are Lebanese people who are adherents of Shia Islam in Lebanon, which plays a major role alongside Lebanon's main Sunni, Maronite and Druze sects. Shiite Muslims in Lebanon are synonymous with Twelver Shi'ism and are distinguished from Alawites and Isma'ilis.

Today, Shiite Muslims constitute around 31.2% of the Lebanese population per the CIA's World Factbook. Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Shiites are the only sect eligible for the post of Speaker of Parliament.
SpeF leader
SpeF is a putative cis-acting element identified in several gram negative alpha proteobacteria. It is proposed to be involved in regulating expression of genes involved in polyamide biosynthesis.

SpeF is one of five putative regulatory elements identified by a computational screen of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and other alpha-proteobacterial genomes for conserved sequence motifs in operon leaders. In the majority of species analysed it is located in the leader of an operon containing the speF gene an ornithine decarboxylase enzyme that catalyses one of the first steps in polyamine biosynthesis.  However, the authors did not detect binding of metabolites related to this pathway (L-ornithine, L-lysine, meso-diaminopimelate, putrescine, cadaverine, or spermidine) to the SpeF leader.

Other non-coding RNAs uncovered in the same analysis include: suhB, ybhL, metA and serC.

YbhL leader
The YbhL leader is a putative structured RNA element that is found upstream of the uncharacterized YbhL membrane protein in alpha-proteobacteria.

Other non-coding RNAs uncovered in the same analysis include: speF, suhB, metA and serC.
Florennes
Florennes (French pronunciation: [flɔ.ʁɛn]; Walloon: Florene) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium. As of 1 January 2006, Florennes has a total population of 10,754. The total area is 133.55 km2 which gives a population density of 81 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Corenne, Flavion, Florennes, Hanzinelle, Hanzinne, Hemptinne, Morialmé, Morville, Rosée, Saint-Aubin and Thy-le-Bauduin.

Florennes hosts Florennes Air Base, a Belgian military airfield which is the home base for F-16 Fighting Falcon jets.

The first week-end of every July, Florennes is a large festival due to the folk walk with a couple of thousand valorous walkers.

Cyclists Firmin Lambot, who won the Tour de France in 1919 and in 1922 and Léon Scieur, who won the Tour in 1921, were born in Florennes.

The village was formerly the site of Florennes Abbey, dissolved during the French Revolution and since entirely demolished.

Hanzinne (village)
Hanzinne (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃zin]) is a village of Wallonia in the municipality of Florennes, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

The area has been inhabited at least since Neolithic times, as evidenced by archaeological discoveries. The village church dates from 1870, and contains a baptismal font from the 16th century and stained glass windows dating from 1904. In addition, a chapel dedicated to Saint-Oger from 1642 is a listed building.
Thank You Scientist
Thank You Scientist is an American progressive rock band from Montclair, New Jersey. Their first EP, The Perils of Time Travel, was released in 2011, and their debut studio album, Maps of Non-Existent Places, releasing three years later, was named the "Revolver Album of the Week" in October 2014. Their second album, Stranger Heads Prevail, was released in July 2016. Their third album, Terraformer, was released in June 2019. In 2021, they released their second EP, Plague Accommodations.

Coheed and Cambria
Coheed and Cambria is an American progressive rock band from Nyack, New York, formed in 1995. It consists of Claudio Sanchez (vocals, guitars, keyboards), Travis Stever (guitars, vocals), Josh Eppard (drums, keyboards, backing vocals), and Zach Cooper (bass, backing vocals). The group's music incorporates aspects of progressive rock, pop, heavy metal, and post-hardcore.

All of Coheed and Cambria's albums except for 2015's The Color Before the Sun are concept albums based on a science fiction storyline called The Amory Wars, a series written by Sanchez, which has been transcribed into a series of comic books as well as a full-length novel. The band has released eleven studio albums, three live albums, and several special-edition releases. Six of their albums have reached the Billboard Top 10. The band's eleventh studio album, Vaxis – Act III: The Father of Make Believe, was released in 2025.
Mangamma Sabadham (1985 film)
Mangamma Sabadham (transl. Mangamma's vow) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language masala film, directed by K. Vijayan and produced by K. Balaji, starring Kamal Haasan, Sujatha, Madhavi and Sathyaraj. It is a remake of the 1984 Hindi film Kasam Paida Karne Wale Ki. The film was released on 21 September 1985.

Kasam Paida Karne Wale Ki
Kasam Paida Karne Wale Ki (transl. Promise on the one who birthed me) is a 1984 Indian Hindi-language masala film produced and directed by Babbar Subhash, starring Mithun Chakraborty (in double role), Smita Patil, Salma Agha, Karan Razdan, Geeta Siddharth and Amrish Puri. It was remade in Tamil as Mangamma Sabadham (1985).
Gadakot
Gandakot  is a town in Rampur Municipality in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Gadakot, Gegha, Khaliban, Darchha village development committee. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,965 people living in 898 individual households.

Khaliban
Khaliban  is a town in Rampur Municipality in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Gadakot, Gegha, Khaliban, Darchha village development committee. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2272 people living in 399 individual households.
St Columba's College, Essendon
St Columba's College is an all-female Roman Catholic secondary school in Essendon, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. It is one of four Sisters of Charity of Australia educational establishments, with St Vincent's College, Potts Point, Mt St Michael's College, Brisbane, and Catholic Ladies College, Eltham.

Essendon, Victoria
Essendon  (/ɛsəndən/) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 8 km (5.0 mi) north-west of Melbourne's central business district. It is located within the City of Moonee Valley local government area. Essendon recorded a population of 21,240 at the 2021 census.

Essendon is bounded in the west by Hoffmans Road, in the north by Keilor Road and Woodland Street, in the east by the Moonee Ponds Creek, and in the south by Buckley Street (with a small portion further south bordering Moonee Ponds).
White-bellied slender opossum
The white-bellied slender opossum (Marmosops noctivagus) is a species of opossum from South America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru.

Though previously regarded as a species, M. dorothea, Dorothy's slender opossum,  is a synonym of M. noctivagus. On the other hand, M. ocellatus, a junior synonym of M. dorothea, is now recognized as a separate true species.

Opossum
Opossums (/əˈpɒsəmz/) are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia (/daɪˌdɛlfɪˈmɔːrfiə/) endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 126 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North America in the Great American Interchange following the connection of North and South America in the late Cenozoic.

The Virginia opossum is the only species found in the United States and Canada. It is often simply referred to as an opossum; in North America, it is commonly referred to as a possum (/ˈpɒsəm/; sometimes rendered as 'possum in written form to indicate the dropped "o"). The Australasian arboreal marsupials of suborder Phalangeriformes are also called possums because of their resemblance to opossums, but they belong to a different order. The opossum is typically a nonaggressive animal and almost never carries the virus that causes rabies.
Guanosine
Guanosine (symbol G or Guo) is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Guanosine can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate (GMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate (GTP). These forms play important roles in various biochemical processes such as synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, photosynthesis, muscle contraction, and intracellular signal transduction (cGMP). When guanine is attached by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of a deoxyribose ring it is known as deoxyguanosine.

Guanosine diphosphate
Guanosine diphosphate, abbreviated GDP, is a nucleoside diphosphate. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GDP consists of a pyrophosphate group, a pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine.

GDP is the product of GTP dephosphorylation by GTPases, e.g., the G-proteins that are involved in signal transduction.

GDP is converted into GTP with the help of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate.
Panagrolaimidae
Panagrolaimidae is a family of nematodes belonging to the order Rhabditida.

Genera:

Anguilluloides Ruhm, 1956

Baldwinema Atighi, Pourjam, Bert, Pedram, Ghaemi & Panahandeh, 2016

Baujardia Bert, De Ley, Segers, Van Driessche & De Ley, 2003

Halicephalobus Timm, 1956

Indocephalobus Mondal & Manna, 2014

Macrolaimus Maupas, 1900

Micronema Körner, 1954

Mukhina Özdikmen, 2010

Panagrellus Thorne, 1938

Panagrobelium Andrassy, 1984

Panagrobelus Thorne

Panagrodontus Thorne, 1935

Panagrolaimus Fuchs, 1930

Panagromacra Massey, 1964

Plectonchus Fuchs, 1930

Procephalobus Steiner, 1934

Propanagrolaimus Andrássy, 2005

Shahnema Siddiqi, 2014

Tricephalobus Steiner, 1936

Trilabiatus Goodey, 1963

Turbatrix Peters, 1927

Halicephalobus
Halicephalobus is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Panagrolaimidae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Halicephalobus gingivalis (Stefanski, 1954)

Halicephalobus intermedius (Pokrovskaya, 1964)

Halicephalobus laticauda Geraert et al., 1988

Halicephalobus limuli Timm, 1956

Halicephalobus persicus Shokoohi, Abolafia & Zad, 2007

Halicephalobus mephisto Borgonie, García-Moyano, Litthauer, Bert, Bester, van Heerden, Möller, Erasmus, & Onstott, 2011
Box Hill Cemetery
Box Hill Cemetery is a cemetery located in Melbourne's eastern suburb of Box Hill, Victoria, in Australia. It currently occupies 12.5 hectares (31 acres). It is known as the resting place of notable figures from Melbourne and its heritage-registered columbarium and Myer memorial. Around 50,000 decedents have been interred since the cemetery was gazetted and commenced operations in 1873. The original 10-acre site was extended in 1886 and again in 1935.

James Menzies (Australian politician)
James Menzies (9 August 1862 – 1 November 1945) was an Australian businessman and politician who served in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1911 to 1920, representing the district of Lowan. Before entering politics, he ran the general store in Jeparit, Victoria. He was the father of Robert Menzies, the longest-serving Prime Minister of Australia.
Gurabo River
The Gurabo River (Spanish: Río Gurabo) is a river and tributary of the Loíza River in Puerto Rico. In 2018, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers announced work would be done on the river, which runs through several municipalities including Gurabo, Juncos, and Las Piedras.

In 2018, homes in Juncos were on the verge of collapse as a result of erosion and landslides caused by a change in the rivers trajectory.

Río Grande de Loíza
The Rio Grande de Loíza (English: Great River of Loíza or Loíza River) is a river in the main island of Puerto Rico. It is the largest river in Puerto Rico by discharge volume. Situated on the north coast of the island, it originates in the northeastern Sierra de Cayey, flowing from south to north, and draining into the Atlantic Ocean, a few miles east of San Juan.

Rio Grande de Loíza runs for approximately 40 miles (64 kilometers). It has its origin in the municipality of San Lorenzo at an altitude of approximately 3,500 feet (1,100 meters) above sea level. It runs through the municipalities of San Lorenzo, Caguas, Gurabo, Trujillo Alto, Carolina, Canóvanas and Loíza, forming the Loíza Lake along its route, making it one of the longest rivers on the island.
Izz al-Din Shir
Izz al-Din Shir or Yozdan-Shir (Kurdish: Êzdîn Şêr; died 1423) was the Kurdish founder of the Emirate of Hakkâri, which ruled an area to the south and east of Lake Van (in what is now Turkey) up until 1845.

Emirate of Hakkâri
The Emirate of Hakkâri (Kurdish: Hekarî) was a Kurdish emirate centered around the city of Hakkâri, and to the west of Lake Urmia on the border with Iran, which ruled a wide variety of peoples.

The emirate lasted from the 14th century until 1845, when internal disputes resulted in it briefly coming under the patronage of the last Kurdish Emirate of Botan, led by Bedir Khan Beg. Eventually both were absorbed into the Ottoman Empire following the Tanzimat reforms which reorganised and centralised the state.
Victorian Railways E type carriage
The E type carriages were wooden express passenger carriage used on the railways of Victoria, Australia. Originally introduced by Victorian Railways Chairman of Commissioners Thomas James Tait for the interstate service between Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide, these Canadian-inspired carriages remained in regular service for 85 years over the entire Victorian network.

Train of Knowledge
The Train of Knowledge was an Australian school camp on wheels, allowing students and teachers to visit multiple locations around Victoria without having to organise accommodation or transport.

The first run was organised by Macleod High School, which chartered a train in March 1958, taking 200 students from Melbourne to Warrnambool, Hamilton, Portland, Stawell, Bendigo, Echuca, Kyabram and back.

The Victorian Railways operated the train through to 1976. Its successors, VicRail and the Public Transport Corporation, operated the service until 1989, when the service was withdrawn. All the carriages were preserved, and most ended up with the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre, which continued to run tours on occasion until 2004.