hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coryneliaceae
Coryneliaceae is a family of fungi in the order Coryneliales. The family is mostly made up of pathogenic fungi with a global distribution. This family was traditionally classified by morphological means, but recent DNA sequencing has resulted in revisions to the family.

Coryneliales
The Coryneliales are an order of ascomycetous fungi within the monotypic subclass Coryneliomycetidae in the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subdivision Pezizomycotina. Species in this order are found almost exclusively in the tropics, primarily as a pathogen on the gymnosperm Podocarpus, although it has been found on other plants like the Southern Hemisphere beech Nothofagus, and Drimys.
Samu Stern
Samu Stern (Hungarian: Stern Samu; 5 January 1874 – 8 June 1946) was a businessman, banker, advisor to the royal court, and head of Hungary's Neolog Jewish Community from 1929 to 1945.

After the March 1944 German occupation, Stern was a member of the German-created Jewish Council (Judenrat, Zsidó tanács) along with Orthodox Community leader Pinchas Freudiger. The Jewish Council was among recipients of the Vrba–Wetzler report, also known as the Auschwitz Protocols, the Auschwitz Report. It detailed the atrocities in Auschwitz. Much like Rezső Kasztner (aka Rudolf Kastner), members of the Jewish Council failed to publicize the atrocities and warn the Jews of Hungary of their fate. Although Stern supported Jewish causes, he received criticism for dealing willingly with the German occupying authorities and their Hungarian collaborators.

Pinchas Freudiger
Pinchas Freudiger (Hebrew: פנחס פרוידיגר) also Fülöp Freudiger, Philip von Freudiger (born 1900 in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, died 1976 in Israel) was a Hungarian-Israeli manufacturer and Jewish community leader.
Wormhoudt massacre
The Wormhoudt massacre (or Wormhout massacre) was the mass murder of 81 British and French POWs by Waffen-SS soldiers from the 1st SS Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler during the Battle of France in May 1940.

Wormhout
Wormhout (French pronunciation: [wɔʁmut] ⓘ; before 1975: Wormhoudt; West Flemish: Wormout) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. Several people in Wormhout still speak West Flemish, a local dialect of Dutch and the traditional language of the region, while French-speakers form a majority, due to centuries of French political and cultural influence.

The town's name is of Germanic origin, meaning "Wormwood."

Neighbouring towns and villages :

Ledringhem to the south-west, separated by river Peene Becque

Esquelbecq
Chilika Lake
Chilika Lake is the largest brackish water lagoon with estuarine character that sprawls along the east coast of Indian sub-continent in Asia and second largest coastal lagoon in the world, covering an area of over 1,100 square kilometres (420 sq mi).  It is spread over the Puri, Khordha and Ganjam districts of Odisha state on the east coast of India, at the mouth of the Daya River, flowing into the Bay of Bengal.

It has been listed as a tentative UNESCO World Heritage site. Its salinity varies by region, from freshwater where rivers flow in, to oceanic salinity levels due to tidal influx.

Northern shoveler
The northern shoveler (/ˈʃʌvələr/; Spatula clypeata), often known simply as the shoveler where other related species do not occur, is a common and widespread duck. It breeds in northern areas of Europe and throughout the Palearctic and across most of North America, and winters in southern Europe, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. It is a rare vagrant to Australia. In North America, it breeds along the southern edge of Hudson Bay and west of this body of water, and as far south as the Great Lakes west to Colorado, Nevada, and Oregon.

The northern shoveler is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies. The conservation status of this bird is Least Concern.
Ferrell Edmunds
Ferrell Edmunds Jr. (born April 16, 1965) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins and was selected by the Miami Dolphins in the third round of the 1988 NFL draft.

Edmunds currently coaches the varsity football program at Dan River High School in Ringgold, Virginia. His three sons Trey, Terrell and Tremaine have all played in the NFL. Tremaine plays for the Chicago Bears. Terrell plays for the Tennessee Titans.

Edmunds graduated from George Washington High School (Danville, Virginia) in 1983.

Tremaine Edmunds
Fe'Zahn Tremaine Edmunds (born May 2, 1998) is an American professional football linebacker for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Virginia Tech Hokies and was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the first round of the 2018 NFL draft.
Kaw Mission
Kaw Mission is a historic church mission in Council Grove, Kansas that was home, school and church to 30 Kaw boys from 1851 to 1854. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

The site is now administered by the Kansas Historical Society as Kaw Mission State Historic Site. Displays include Kaw items and mid-19th century frontier items and furnishings.

The state of Kansas was named for the Kaw (or Kansa). These people lived in the area that is now Kansas for many generations. They were moved to the Neosho Valley where they lived for less than 30 years. Despite an impassioned plea by Chief Allegawaho, the U.S. government removed the Kaw to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) where they now have tribal lands.

Council Grove, Kansas
Council Grove is a city in and the county seat of Morris County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,140.  It was named after an agreement between American settlers and the Osage Nation allowing settlers' wagon trains to pass westward through the area on the Santa Fe Trail.  Pioneers gathered at a grove of trees so that wagons could band together for their trip west.
Palace of Facets
The Palace of the Facets (Russian: Грановитая палата, romanized: Granovitaya palata) is a building in the Moscow Kremlin, Russia, which contains what used to be the main banquet reception hall of the Russian tsars. It is the oldest preserved secular building in Moscow. Located on Kremlin Cathedral Square, between the Cathedral of the Annunciation and the Dormition Cathedral. Currently, it is an official ceremonial hall in the residence of the President of the Russian Federation and thus admission is limited to prearranged tours only.

Cathedral Square, Moscow
Cathedral Square or Sobornaya Square (Russian: Соборная площадь, romanized: Sobornaya ploshchad) is the central square of the Moscow Kremlin where all of its streets used to converge in the 15th century.

The square owes its name to the three cathedrals facing it – Cathedral of the Dormition, Cathedral of the Archangel, and Cathedral of the Annunciation. Apart from these, the Palace of Facets, the Church of the Deposition of the Robe and the Church of the Twelve Apostles are placed there. The tallest structure on the square (and formerly in all of Russia) is Ivan the Great Bell Tower, which also separates Sobornaya Square from Ivanovskaya Square.

Cathedral Square is famous as the site of solemn coronation and funeral processions of all the Russian tsars, patriarchs, and Grand Dukes of Moscow. Even today, the square is used in the inauguration ceremony of the President of Russia.
January 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 29 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 31

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 12 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 30th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 17.

January 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 30 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - February 1

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 13 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 31st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 18.
Negative-feedback amplifier
A negative-feedback amplifier (or feedback amplifier) is an electronic amplifier that subtracts a fraction of its output from its input, so that negative feedback opposes the original signal.  The applied negative feedback can improve its performance (gain stability, linearity, frequency response, step response) and reduces sensitivity to parameter variations due to manufacturing or environment. Because of these advantages, many amplifiers and control systems use negative feedback.

An idealized negative-feedback amplifier as shown in the diagram is a system of three elements (see Figure 1):

an amplifier with gain AOL,

a feedback network β, which senses the output signal and possibly transforms it in some way (for example by attenuating or filtering it),

a summing circuit that acts as a subtractor (the circle in the figure), which combines the input and the transformed output.

Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.
Javorník (Hodonín District)
Javorník is a municipality and village in Hodonín District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Javorník, a part of traditional ethnographic region Horňácko, lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Hodonín, 77 km (48 mi) south-east of Brno, and 263 km (163 mi) south-east of Prague.

Horňácko
Horňácko (pronounced [ˈɦorɲaːtsko], Upper Moravian Slovakia) is an ethnographic microregion situated in the Hodonín District, South Eastern Moravia, Czech Republic. The region is home to approximately 10,000 people. It is significant for its traditional folk culture, especially the folk music. The region hosts annually the Horňácko Folk Festival.
Paisley and Renfrewshire South
Paisley and Renfrewshire South  is a constituency of the House of Commons, located in Renfrewshire, Scotland to the southwest of Glasgow. It elects one member of Parliament at least once every five years using the first-past-the-post system of voting and has been represented since 2024 by Johanna Baxter of Scottish Labour.

Paisley South (UK Parliament constituency)
Paisley South was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Paisley in Renfrewshire, Scotland.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
Baumschulenweg
Baumschulenweg (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊ̯mʃuːlənˌveːk] ⓘ) is a German locality (Ortsteil) within the Berlin borough (Bezirk) of Treptow-Köpenick. Until 2001 it was part of the former borough of Treptow. Its name means road (weg) of the plant nurseries (Baumschulen). It was named after the Späth nursery.

Treptow-Köpenick
Treptow-Köpenick (German pronunciation: [ˈtʁeːpto ˈkøːpənɪk] ⓘ) is the ninth borough of Berlin, Germany, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Treptow and Köpenick.

The borough was formerly part of East Berlin.
Langley Centre
Langley Centre is an on-street bus exchange located in downtown Langley City, British Columbia, Canada. As part of the TransLink system, it serves the municipalities of Langley City and Langley Township with routes to Surrey, Maple Ridge, and White Rock, that provide connections to SkyTrain and the West Coast Express rail services for travel towards Vancouver.

Langley, British Columbia (city)
The City of Langley, commonly referred to as Langley City, or just Langley, is a municipality in the Metro Vancouver Regional District in British Columbia, Canada. It lies directly east of Surrey, adjacent to the Cloverdale area, and is surrounded elsewhere by the Township of Langley, bordered by its neighbourhoods of Willowbrook to the north, Murrayville to the east, and Brookswood and Fern Ridge to the south.
Songs That Jesus Said
Songs That Jesus Said is the first studio album featuring songs by Keith Getty and Kristyn Getty intended specifically for children. A published score and CD tracks were released in conjunction with this CD. All songs on the album were written jointly by Keith Getty and Kristyn Getty, and most are based on specific passages of the Christian Bible, especially the four Gospels.

Kristyn Getty
Kristyn Elizabeth Rebekah Getty (née Lennox, born 22 May 1980 in Belfast) is a Northern Irish Christian singer and songwriter. With her husband, Keith Getty, she has co-written a number of popular modern hymns.
The Towers of Silence
The Towers of Silence is the 1971 novel by Paul Scott that continues his Raj Quartet. It gets its title from the Parsi Towers of Silence where the bodies of the dead are left to be picked clean by vultures. The novel is set in the British Raj of 1940s India. It follows on from the storyline in The Day of the Scorpion.

The Raj Quartet
The Raj Quartet is a four-volume novel sequence, written by Paul Scott, about the concluding years of the British Raj in India.  The series was written during the period 1965–75. The Times called it "one of the most important landmarks of post-war fiction."
The Westminster Terrace
The Westminster Terrace (Chinese: 皇璧; Jyutping: wong4 bik3; pinyin: Huángbì) is a private housing estate located in Yau Kom Tau, Tsuen Wan District, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Developed by Grosvenor Group in conjunction with Asia Standard Group, the single residential building consists of 59 four ensuite-bedroom duplex flats ranging from 3,200 to 6,500 sq ft.

Yau Kom Tau (Tsuen Wan District)
Yau Kom Tau, sometimes transliterated as Yau Kam Tau (油柑頭; Cantonese Yale: yàuh gām tàuh) is an area in the Tsuen Wan District of Hong Kong.

Yau Kom Tau Village and Tsuen Wan Sam Tsuen are located in this area.
Dauphin County, Pennsylvania
Dauphin County (/ˈdɔːfɪn/) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 286,401. The county seat is Harrisburg, Pennsylvania's state capital and ninth-most populous city. The county was created on March 4, 1785, from part of Lancaster County and was named after Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France, the first son of King Louis XVI. Dauphin County is included in the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area. Located within the county is Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station, site of the 1979 nuclear core meltdown. The nuclear power plant closed in 2019. The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.

Hershey, Pennsylvania
Hershey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Derry Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is home to the Hershey Company, which was founded by candy magnate Milton S. Hershey, and Hersheypark, an amusement park.

The community is located 14 miles (23 km) east of Harrisburg and is part of the Harrisburg metropolitan area. Hershey has no legal status as an incorporated municipality, and all its municipal services are provided by Derry Township. The population was 13,858 at the 2020 census.

Hershey is also located 68.817 miles (110.750 km) north of Baltimore, Maryland, 75.2 miles (121.0 km) southwest of Allentown and 94.5 miles (152.1 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
Pembroke Lakes Mall
Pembroke Lakes Mall, often referred to as Pines Mall or Pembroke Lakes, is an enclosed shopping mall located in Pembroke Pines, Florida, a suburb of Miami and Fort Lauderdale. Located on the intersection of State Road 820 (Pines Boulevard) and State Road 823 (Flamingo Road), it is in between Interstate 75 and Florida's Turnpike. Owned and managed by Brookfield Properties, the mall was opened in 1992, and has 1,135,374 square feet (105,479.7 m2) on one floor. As of 2018, Pembroke Lakes is one of South Florida's most popular malls. The anchor stores are Round One Entertainment, AMC Theatres, 2 Dillard's stores, JCPenney, and 2 Macy's stores.

Pembroke Pines, Florida
Pembroke Pines /ˈpɛmˌbroʊk ˈpaɪnz/ is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States. The city is located 22 miles (35 km) north of Miami. It is a suburb of and the fourth-most populous city in the Miami metropolitan area. The population of Pembroke Pines was 171,178 at the 2020 census.
Sōya Main Line
The Sōya Main Line (宗谷本線, Sōya-honsen) is a Japanese railway line operated by Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido) in Hokkaido. The line connects Asahikawa Station in Asahikawa and Wakkanai Station in Wakkanai, and is the northernmost railway line in Japan. The name comes from Sōya Subprefecture.

On 19 November 2016, JR Hokkaido's president announced plans to rationalize the network by up to 1,237 km, or ~50% of the current network, including proposed conversion of the Nayoro - Wakkanai section of the Soya Line to Third Sector operation, but if local governments are not agreeable, the section will face closure.

Rail transport in Japan
Rail transport in Japan is a major means of passenger transport, especially for mass and high-speed travel between major cities and for commuter transport in urban areas. It is used relatively little for freight transport, accounting for just 0.84% of goods movement. The privatized network is highly efficient, requiring few subsidies and running with extreme punctuality, though since privatization, several unprofitable but socially valuable lines have been closed by operators.
Hypostomus heraldoi
Hypostomus heraldoi is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Corumbá River and Rio Grande basins in the upper Paraná River drainage in Brazil. It is typically found in turbid waters with a substrate composed of rocks with some amount of sand. It is known to be syntopic with other loricariid species in the genus Hypostomus, including Hypostomus ancistroides, H. denticulatus, H. iheringii, H. margaritifer, and H. regani. The species reaches 23.6 cm (9.3 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Hypostomus heraldoi was described in 2008 by Cláudio H. Zawadzki (of the State University of Maringá), Claude Weber, and C. S. Pavanelli (also of the State University of Maringá), alongside the aforementioned related and syntopic species H. denticulatus.

Hypostomus iheringii
Hypostomus iheringii is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is occurs in the Paraná River drainage basin, being known from the Tietê River basin as well as the Corumbá River, where it is syntopic with Hypostomus ancistroides, H. denticulatus, H. heraldoi, H. margaritifer, and H. regani. The species reaches 11.6 cm (4.6 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
Hayuliang
Hayuliang is a town and the headquarters of an eponymous subdivision in the Anjaw district in the north-eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is on the bank of the Lohit River near the confluence of the Delei River.

The Hayuliang subdivision, administered by an additional divisional commissioner (ADC), covers the entire Delei River basin including the Hayuliang Circle, Metengliang Circle, Goiliang Circle and the Chaglagam Circle. It is divided into two community development blocks, the Hayuliang–Goiliang block and the Chaglagam block.

The region is populated by Mishmis, who speak Digaro Mishmi and Kaman Mishmi languages.

Metengliang
Metengliang is a village and the headquarters of an eponymous circle in the Anjaw district in the north-eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, India.

Metengliang is situated on the bank of the Delei River, a tributary of the Lohit River. The nearest town is Hayuliang which is also the headquarters of the subdivision.

The Metengliang Circle had a population of 1,608 people, distributed in 30 villages, as per the 2011 census.
Stingray Nebula
The Stingray Nebula (Hen 3-1357) is the youngest-known planetary nebula, having appeared in the 1980s. The nebula is located in the direction of the southern constellation Ara (the Altar), and is located 18,000 light-years (5,600 parsecs) away. Although it is some 130 times the size of the Solar System, the Stingray Nebula is only about one tenth the size of most other known planetary nebulae.  The central star of the nebula is the fast-evolving star SAO 244567.  Until the early 1970s, it was observed on Earth as a preplanetary nebula in which the gas had not yet become hot and ionized.

The image of the nebula shows how the older outer shells of gas are acting as a collimator for the more recent gas outflow from the central star—an important observation, as this process has not been well understood.

Ara (constellation)
Ara (Latin for "the Altar") is a southern constellation between Scorpius, Telescopium, Triangulum Australe, and Norma. Under its Greek name Βωμός, Bōmǒs, it was one of the 48 classical constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union.

The orange supergiant Beta Arae is the brightest star in Ara, with a near-constant apparent magnitude of 2.85, and is marginally brighter than the blue-white Alpha Arae. Seven star systems are known to host planets. Sunlike Mu Arae hosts four known planets. Gliese 676 is a (gravity-paired) binary red dwarf system with four known planets.

The Milky Way crosses the northwestern part of Ara. Within the constellation is Westerlund 1, a super star cluster that contains the red supergiant Westerlund 1-26, one of the largest stars known.
Gertrude's Puzzles
Gertrude's Puzzles is an educational video game for the Apple II, Commodore 64, and IBM PC compatibles released in 1984 by The Learning Company. It is a sequel to the game Gertrude's Secrets. Gertrude's Puzzles was designed by Teri Perl. Gertrude's Puzzles, like Gertrude's Secrets, consists of a series of rooms, each of which contains a logic or categorization puzzle to solve using shapes and colors.

The Learning Company
The Learning Company (TLC) was an American educational software company founded in 1980 in Palo Alto, California and headquartered in Fremont, California. The company produced a grade-based line of learning software, edutainment games, and productivity tools. Its titles included the flagship series Reader Rabbit, for preschoolers through second graders, and The ClueFinders, for more advanced students. The company was also known for publishing licensed educational titles featuring characters such as Arthur, The Powerpuff Girls, SpongeBob SquarePants and Sesame Street.

In December 1995, the company was acquired by SoftKey in a hostile takeover bid, at which point SoftKey assumed the Learning Company name and brand.
Yamagata Ridge
Yamagata Ridge (79°5′S 157°2′E﻿ / ﻿79.083°S 157.033°E﻿ / -79.083; 157.033) is a narrow linear nunatak, 3 miles (4.8 km) long and rising to 1690 m, located 5 miles (8 km) west of Seay Peak in the N-central part of Finger Ridges, Cook Mountains. Named after Noboru Yamagata, Institute of Public Health, Japan, geochemist with the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE) for four field seasons in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, 1963–64 to 1968–69.

Finger Ridges
The Finger Ridges (79°11′S 157°0′E﻿ / ﻿79.183°S 157.000°E﻿ / -79.183; 157.000) are several mainly ice-free ridges and spurs extending over a distance of about 12 miles (20 km), east–west, in the northwestern part of the Cook Mountains in Antarctica.