hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Health Physics Society
The Health Physics Society (HPS) is a nonprofit scientific professional organization whose mission is excellence in the science and practice of radiation safety.  It is based in the United States and the specific purposes of the society's activities include encouraging research in radiation science, developing standards, and disseminating radiation safety information. Society members are involved in understanding, evaluating, and controlling potential risks from radiation relative to the benefits.

The Society was formed in 1955, with an organizational meeting in June, 1955 at Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio. As of 2013, the membership consists of approximately 5,500 scientists, physicians, engineers,  and other professionals. The headquarters are  in McLean, VA. The society is an affiliate of the American Institute of Physics.

Elda Emma Anderson
Elda Emma Anderson (October 5, 1899 – April 17, 1961) was an American physicist and health researcher. During World War II, she worked on the Manhattan Project at Princeton University and the Los Alamos National Laboratory, where she prepared the first sample of pure uranium-235 at the laboratory. A graduate of the University of Wisconsin, she became professor of physics at Milwaukee-Downer College in 1929. After the war, she became interested in  health physics. She worked in the Health Physics Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and established the professional certification agency known as the American Board of Health Physics.
Dissociative substitution
In chemistry, dissociative substitution describes a reaction pathway by which compounds interchange ligands.  The term is typically applied to coordination and organometallic complexes, but resembles the SN1 mechanism in organic chemistry.  This pathway can be well described by the cis effect, or the labilization of CO ligands in the cis position. The opposite pathway is associative substitution, being analogous to SN2 pathway. Pathways that are intermediate between the pure dissociative and pure associative pathways are called interchange mechanisms.

Complexes that undergo dissociative substitution are often coordinatively saturated and often have octahedral molecular geometry. The entropy of activation is characteristically positive for these reactions, which indicates that the disorder of the reacting system increases in the rate-determining step.

Cis effect
In inorganic chemistry, the cis effect is defined as the labilization (or destabilization) of CO ligands that are cis to other ligands. CO is a well-known strong pi-accepting ligand in organometallic chemistry that will labilize in the cis position when adjacent to ligands due to steric and electronic effects. The system most often studied for the cis effect is an octahedral complex M(CO)5X where X is the ligand that will labilize a CO ligand cis to it. Unlike the trans effect, which is most often observed in 4-coordinate square planar complexes, the cis effect is observed in 6-coordinate octahedral transition metal complexes. It has been determined that ligands that are weak sigma donors and non-pi acceptors seem to have the strongest cis-labilizing effects. Therefore, the cis effect has the opposite trend of the trans-effect, which effectively labilizes ligands that are trans to strong pi accepting and sigma donating ligands.
Yves Prigent
Yves Prigent (born 30 August 1993) is a French slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2011.

He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (Mixed C2: 2017, C2 team: 2015) and a silver (Mixed C2: 2018).

His partner in the men's C2 boat was Loïc Kervella. His partner in the mixed C2 boat is Margaux Henry.

His father Jean-Yves is a former slalom canoeist and medalist from World Championships. His younger sister Camille is also a slalom canoeist. His cousin Lily Ramonatxo is a successful rhythmic gymnast.

Camille Prigent
Camille Prigent (born 18 December 1997) is a French slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2013.

She won three medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with one gold (K1 team: 2018) and two silvers (kayak cross: 2023, 2025). She also won 11 medals at the European Championships (5 golds, 4 silvers and 2 bronzes), including a gold in the K1 team event at the 2023 European Games in Kraków.

Prigent won the overall World Cup title in kayak cross individual in 2025.

She competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, finishing 6th in the K1 event and 9th in kayak cross.

Her father Jean-Yves is a former slalom canoeist and medalist from World Championships. Her older brother Yves is also a slalom canoeist and a medalist from World Championships. Her cousin Lily Ramonatxo is a successful rhythmic gymnast.
Cochlear nerve
The cochlear nerve (also auditory nerve or acoustic nerve) is one of two parts of the vestibulocochlear nerve, a cranial nerve present in amniotes, the other part being the vestibular nerve. The cochlear nerve carries auditory sensory information from the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the brain. The other portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve is the vestibular nerve, which carries spatial orientation information to the brain from the semicircular canals, also known as semicircular ducts.

Vestibulocochlear nerve
The vestibulocochlear nerve or auditory vestibular nerve, also known as the eighth cranial nerve, cranial nerve VIII, or simply CN VIII, is a cranial nerve that transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain. Through olivocochlear fibers, it also transmits motor and modulatory information from the superior olivary complex in the brainstem to the cochlea.
Caerphilly
Caerphilly (/kəˈfɪli/, /kɑːrˈfɪli/; Welsh: Caerffili, Welsh pronunciation: [ˌkairˈfɪli] ⓘ) is a town and community in Wales. It is situated at the southern end of the Rhymney Valley and separated from the Cardiff suburbs of Lisvane and Rhiwbina by Caerphilly Mountain.

It is 7 miles (11 km) north of Cardiff and 9.5 miles (15.3 km) west of Newport. It is the largest town in Caerphilly County Borough and lies within the historic borders of Glamorgan, on the border with Monmouthshire.  At the 2011 Census, the town had a population of 41,402 while the wider Caerphilly local authority area had a population of 178,806.

Caerphilly Mountain
Caerphilly Mountain (Welsh: Mynydd Caerffili) lies between Cardiff and Caerphilly at the southern edge of the South Wales Coalfield. Its summit is 271 metres (889 ft) above sea-level.

Since 1957 there had been a small wooden snack bar near to the summit. In September 2011 this was replaced by an eco-friendly permanent building, with under floor heating, solar panels and rainwater-flushed toilets, at a cost of £300,000. The mountain includes Caerphilly Common (Welsh: Comin Caerffili).

The climb features regularly on the Tour of Britain cycle race, with double climbs in the 2012 and 2013 races.
Kathryn L. Shaw
Kathryn L. Shaw is the Ernest C. Arbuckle Professor of Economics at the Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. Previously, she was the Ford Distinguished Research Chair and Professor of Economics at Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Mellon University. From 1999 to 2001, she served as a Senate-confirmed Member of President Bill Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers.

Council of Economic Advisers
The Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) is a United States agency within the Executive Office of the President established in 1946, which advises the president of the United States on economic policy. The CEA provides much of the empirical research for the White House and prepares the publicly-available annual Economic Report of the President. The council is made up of its chairperson and generally two to three additional member economists. Its chairperson requires appointment and Senate confirmation, and its other members are appointed by the president.
Grande Tête de l'Obiou
The Grande Tête de l'Obiou (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d tɛt də lɔbju]; or simply  l'Obiou) is a mountain in the French Prealps belonging to the French department of Isère. It is the highest peak of the Dévoluy Mountains and of the Dauphiné Prealps and the seventh most prominent summit of metropolitan France.

Dévoluy Mountains
The Dévoluy Mountains (French: massif du Dévoluy, pronounced [masif dy devɔlɥi]) is a limestone massif located in Hautes-Alpes, France. It is part of the Dauphiné Prealps and is bordered by the Drac River to the north and the Buëch River to the south and west and is a popular destination for hiking, mountaineering and skiing. Its most notable peaks are the Grande Tête de l'Obiou (2,789 m) and Pic de Bure at 2,709 m.
Habitancum
Habitancum was an ancient Roman fort (castrum) located at Risingham, Northumberland, England. The fort was one of series of built along the extension of Dere Street, a Roman road running from York to Corbridge and onwards to Melrose, in Scotland.

The fort's name is derived from the word Habitanci inscribed on an altar set up by Marcus Gavius Secundinus, a consular beneficiary on duty there. It is not mentioned in other sources such as the Notitia Dignitatum.

Dere Street
Dere Street or Deere Street is a modern designation of a Roman road which ran north from Eboracum (York), crossing the Stanegate at Corbridge (Hadrian's Wall was crossed at the Portgate, just to the north) and continuing beyond into what is now Scotland, later at least as far as the Antonine Wall. It was the Romans' major route for communications and supplies to the north and to Scotland. Portions of its route are still followed by modern roads, including the A1(M) (south of the River Tees), the B6275 road through Piercebridge, where Dere Street crosses the River Tees, and the A68 north of Corbridge in Northumberland.
Wuxi dialect
The Wuxi dialect (Simplified Chinese: 无锡话; Traditional Chinese: 無錫話; Pinyin: Wúxīhuà, Wu: mu1 sik1 wo3, Wuxi dialect: [vu˨˨˧ siɪʔ˦ ɦu˨]) is a dialect of Wu. It is spoken in the city of Wuxi in Jiangsu province, China.

It has many similarities with Shanghainese and the Suzhou dialect. It is mutually intelligible with the Changzhou dialect to which it is most closely related. It is not at all mutually intelligible with Mandarin, China's official language.

Suzhou dialect
Suzhounese (Suzhounese: 蘇州閒話; sou1 tseu1 ghe2 gho6), also known as the Suzhou dialect (alternatively Soochow dialect), is the variety of Chinese traditionally spoken in the city of Suzhou in Jiangsu, China. Suzhounese is a variety of Wu Chinese, and was traditionally considered the Wu Chinese prestige dialect. Suzhounese has a large vowel inventory and it is relatively conservative in initials by preserving voiced consonants from Middle Chinese.
Kerkyraikos G.S.
Kerkyraikos Gymnastikos Syllogos (Greek: Κερκυραϊκός Γυμναστικός Σύλλογος) is a Greek multi sports club based on Corfu (city). They are the older sports club of the island of Corfu, founded in 1893. Their emblem is the Discobolus and their colors are blue and red.

Currently they maintain sport departments of track and field, basketball, and cricket with plans also for football.

Corfu (city)
Corfu (/kɔːrˈf(j)uː/, also US: /ˈkɔːrf(j)uː/) or Kerkyra (Greek: Κέρκυρα, romanized: Kérkyra, pronounced [ˈcercira] ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Κόρκυρα, romanized: Kórkyra, pronounced [kórkyra]; Medieval Greek: Κορυφώ, romanized: Koryfó; Italian: Corfù; Latin: Corcyra) is a city and a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Central Corfu and Diapontian Islands. It is the capital of the municipality and of the Corfu regional unit. The city also serves as a capital for the region of the Ionian Islands. The city (with a population of 23,541 residents, while the whole island has a population of 101,600 residents) is a major tourist attraction and Greek regional centre and has played an important role in Greek history since antiquity.
Movietone News
Movietone News was a newsreel that ran from December 1927 to 1963 in the United States. Under the name British Movietone News, it also ran in the United Kingdom from 1929 to 1986, in France also produced by Fox-Europa, in Spain in the early 1930s as Noticiario Fox Movietone before being replaced by No-Do, in Australia and New Zealand until 1970, and Germany as Fox Tönende Wochenschau from 1930 to 1940 and from 1950 to 1978. An Indian version called Indian Movietone News ran in 1942 and 1943 before getting replaced by Indian News Parade.

Sound-on-film
Sound-on-film is a class of sound film processes where the sound accompanying a picture is recorded on photographic film, usually, but not always, the same strip of film carrying the picture.  Sound-on-film processes can either record an analog sound track or digital sound track, and may record the signal either optically or magnetically. Earlier technologies were sound-on-disc, meaning the film's soundtrack would be on a separate phonograph record.
Heyneke Meyer
Heyneke Meyer (born 6 October 1967) is a professional rugby union coach, best known for coaching the Springboks from 2012 until 2015. Prior to coaching the Springboks, he spent many years at the domestic level in South Africa before coaching Leicester Tigers in England. Following his stint with the Boks, he also coached Stade Français. On 8 July 2021 he was announced as the new Director of Rugby for the Houston Sabercats of MLR.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
Yitzchak Hutner
Yitzchak Hutner (Hebrew: יצחק הוטנר; 1906 – November 28, 1980), also known as Isaac Hutner, was an American Orthodox rabbi and rosh yeshiva (dean).

Originally from Warsaw, Hutner was the long-time dean of Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin in Brooklyn, New York, an older institution that grew under his leadership. Hutner's pedagogic style was a blend of the Hasidic and Misnagdic elements of his own family's origins. His discourses, called ma'amarim, contained elements of a Talmudic discourse, a Hasidic Tish and a philosophic lecture. Although his title was rosh yeshiva, Hutner's leadership style more closely resembled that of a rebbe who expected fealty from his followers.

In his later years, Hutner established Yeshiva Pachad Yitzchok in Jerusalem, which is named after his own magnum opus. On one of his trips there, Hutner's plane was seized by Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine terrorists in the Dawson's Field hijackings, which he survived.

Hebron Yeshiva
Hebron Yeshiva, also known as Yeshivas Hevron, or Knesses Yisroel, is a yeshiva (school for Talmudic study). It originated in 1924 when the roshei yeshiva (deans) and 150 students of the Slabodka Yeshiva, known colloquially as the "mother of yeshivas", relocated to Hebron.
January 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 24 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 26

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 7 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 25th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 12.

January 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 25 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 27

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 8 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 26th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 13.
Mendota, Illinois
Mendota is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, in the state's north-central region. The population was 7,061 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Mendota is located approximately 85 miles west of Chicago, 70 miles east of Moline and 55 miles south of Rockford. The current mayor is David W. Boelk, an independent elected to a four-year term.

The name "Mendota" is derived from a Lakota word meaning "junction of two trails", which was found appropriate for the city since there was a nearby railroad junction for the Illinois Central Railroad and the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.

Ottawa micropolitan area, Illinois
The Ottawa, Illinois, micropolitan area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Northern Illinois, anchored by the city of Ottawa. Peru (until 2020) and Streator (until 2013) are former primary cities.

As of the 2010 census, the μSA had a population of 154,908. An estimate by the Census Bureau, as of July 1, 2012, placed the population at 153,182, a decrease of 1.11%, but still making it the fourth-largest micropolitan statistical area in the United States.
Ming-Yeh Rawnsley
Ming-Yeh Tsai Rawnsley (Chinese: 蔡明燁; born 1965) is a Taiwanese media scholar, writer, and former journalist and TV screenwriter. Since 2013, she has been a Research Associate at Centre of Taiwan Studies, SOAS University of London. She is also Non-Resident Senior Fellow at the China Policy Institute, University of Nottingham (2014–present), Research Fellow at the European Research Centre on Contemporary Taiwan (ERCCT), University of Tübingen  (2015–present), and Research Associate at Academia Sinica, Taiwan (2018–present). M-Y T. Rawnsley is the Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Taiwan Studies (2018–present ) and associate editor of East Asian Journal of Popular Culture (2013–present).

Gary D. Rawnsley
Gary David Rawnsley FRSA (born 1970) is a British political scientist whose research is located at the intersection of international relations and international communication. Rawnsley writes extensively on soft power, public and cultural diplomacy, propaganda, international broadcasting, media and democracy, and political cinema. He is the author/editor of 13 scholarly books, and the book review editor of  Journal of International Communication and International Journal of Taiwan Studies. Since 2023, he has been Professor of Public Diplomacy & Soft Power and Head of the School of Social & Political Sciences, University of Lincoln. From 2020 to 2022, Rawnsley was a professor of public diplomacy at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC), and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (FHSS) of this university.
Blackfish (film)
Blackfish is a 2013 American documentary film directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite. It concerns Tilikum, an orca held by SeaWorld and the controversy over captive orcas. The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release. It was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Documentary.

Orca attacks
Orcas are large, powerful aquatic apex predators. There have been incidents where orcas were perceived to attack humans in the wild, but such attacks are less common than those by captive orcas. In captivity, there have been several non-fatal and four fatal attacks on humans since the 1990s. Experts are divided as to whether the injuries and deaths were accidental or deliberate attempts to cause harm.
Uniform Partnership Act
The Uniform Partnership Act (UPA), which includes revisions that are sometimes called the Revised Uniform Partnership Act (RUPA), is a uniform act (similar to a model statute), proposed by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws ("NCCUSL") for the governance of business partnerships by U.S. States.  Several versions of UPA have been promulgated by the NCCUSL, the earliest having been put forth in 1914, and the most recent in 1997.

Partnership
A partnership is an agreement where parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations. Organizations may partner to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission and to amplify their reach. A partnership may result in issuing and holding equity or may be only governed by a contract.
Burton Dreben
Burton Spencer Dreben (September 27, 1927 – July 11, 1999) was an American philosopher specializing in mathematical logic. A Harvard graduate who taught at his alma mater for most of his career (where he retired as Edgar Pierce Professor of Philosophy Emeritus), he published little but was a teacher and a critic of the work of his colleagues (Floyd & Shieh 2001).

Warren Goldfarb
Warren David Goldfarb (born 1949) is Walter Beverly Pearson Professor of Modern Mathematics and Mathematical Logic, emeritus, at Harvard University. He specializes in the history of analytic philosophy and in logic, most notably the classical decision problem.
Guy of Boulogne
Guy of Boulogne (1313 – 25 November 1373) was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years. He participated in the papal conclaves of 1352, 1362 and 1370, and was the Subdean of the Sacred College of Cardinals. His diplomatic postings were extensive, including Hungary, Italy, and Spain.  He headed an effort to end the Hundred Years' War.  The historian Kenneth Setton called him "one of the commanding figures of his day, and the letters of Petrarch abound with references to him".

Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius XI; born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope and the most recent French pope. In 1377, Gregory XI returned the papal court to Rome, ending nearly 70 years of papal residency in Avignon, in modern-day France. His death was swiftly followed by the Western Schism involving two Avignon-based antipopes.
Zuni people
The Zuni (Zuni: A:shiwi; formerly spelled Zuñi) are Native American Pueblo peoples native to the Zuni River valley. The Zuni people today are federally recognized as the Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico, and most live in the Pueblo of Zuni on the Zuni River, a tributary of the Little Colorado River, in western New Mexico, United States. The Pueblo of Zuni is 55 km (34 mi) south of Gallup, New Mexico. Traditional Zuni homes in the Pueblo are multi level adobe houses. In addition to the reservation, the tribe owns trust lands in Catron County, New Mexico, and Apache County, Arizona. The Zuni call their homeland Halona Idiwan’a or Middle Place. The word Zuni is believed to derive from the Western Keres language (Acoma) word sɨ̂‧ni, or a cognate thereof.

Zuni mythology
Zuni religion is the oral history, cosmology, and religion of the Zuni people. The Zuni are a Pueblo people located in New Mexico. Their religion is integrated into their daily lives and respects ancestors, nature, and animals. Because of a history of religious persecution by non-native peoples, they are very private about their religious beliefs. Roman Catholicism has to some extent been integrated into traditional Zuni religion.

Cultural institutions that provide religious instruction and cultural stability include their priests, clans, kivas (kachina society), and healing societies. A ceremonial cycle brings the community together. While some ceremonies are open to non-Zuni peoples, others are private; for instance the Shalako ceremony and feast has been closed to outsiders since 1990.