hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trinity Episcopal Cathedral (Columbia, South Carolina)
Trinity Episcopal Church, now known as Trinity Episcopal Cathedral, is the first Episcopal and the oldest surviving sanctuary in Columbia, South Carolina, United States. It is a Gothic Revival church that is modeled after York Minster in York, England. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on February 24, 1971.

Trinity Church is on the east side of Sumter Street between Gervais and Senate streets. It is directly east of the South Carolina State House.

Wade Hampton I
Major General Wade Hampton (c. 1750 – February 4, 1835) was an American military officer, planter, and politician who served in the American Revolutionary War and War of 1812. Sitting in the United States Congress for two terms, Hampton was one of the wealthiest planters and largest slaveowners in the United States at the time of his death. In addition to suppressing the 1811 German Coast uprising, a slave rebellion in Louisiana, he is also known for leading American forces to defeat at the 1813 Battle of the Chateauguay.
Robert Ridgway Award
The ABA Robert Ridgway Award for Publications in Field Ornithology is an award given by the American Birding Association to an individual who has made significant contributions to the field ornithology literature in the areas of North American bird distribution and field identification. The award may honor a writer or an artist.

One of five awards presented by the ABA for contributions to ornithology, the award is named in honor of Robert Ridgway, initiator of a monumental work of bird systematics, as well as one of the first color nomenclature systems for bird identification.

The award was first bestowed on Harold Mayfield.

American Birding Association
The American Birding Association (ABA) is a nonprofit organization, founded in 1969, dedicated to recreational birding in Canada and the United States. It has been called "the standard-bearer for serious birding in North America." Originally concentrated on finding, listing, and identifying rare birds, the ABA now seeks to serve all birders with a wide range of services and publications.
Annals of Statistics
The Annals of Statistics is a peer-reviewed statistics journal published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. It was started in 1973 as a continuation in part of the Annals of Mathematical Statistics (1930), which was split into the Annals of Statistics and the Annals of Probability.

The journal CiteScore is 5.8, and its SCImago Journal Rank is 5.877, both from 2020.

Articles older than 3 years are available on JSTOR, and all articles since 2004 are freely available on the arXiv.

Annals of Mathematical Statistics
The Annals of Mathematical Statistics was a peer-reviewed statistics journal published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics from 1930 to 1972. It was superseded by the Annals of Statistics and the Annals of Probability.  In 1938, Samuel Wilks became editor-in-chief of the Annals and recruited a remarkable editorial staff: Fisher, Neyman, Cramér, Hotelling, Egon Pearson, Georges Darmois, Allen T. Craig, Deming, von Mises, H. L. Rietz, and Shewhart.
Roccaforte del Greco
Roccaforte del Greco (Calabrian Greek: Βουνί, romanized: Vunì) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Reggio Calabria.

Roccaforte del Greco borders the following municipalities: Bagaladi, Cardeto, Condofuri, Reggio Calabria, Roghudi, San Lorenzo, Santo Stefano in Aspromonte, Scilla, Sinopoli.

San Lorenzo, Calabria
San Lorenzo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Reggio Calabria.

San Lorenzo borders the following municipalities: Bagaladi, Condofuri, Melito di Porto Salvo, Montebello Ionico, Roccaforte del Greco.
Bat-Signal
The Bat-Signal is a distress signal device appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, as a means to summon the superhero Batman. It is a specially modified searchlight with a stylized emblem of a bat affixed to the light, allowing it to project a large bat symbol onto cloudy night skies over Gotham City.

The signal is used by the Gotham City Police Department as a method of contacting and summoning Batman in the event his help is needed, but also as a weapon of psychological intimidation to the numerous criminals of Gotham City.

It doubles as the primary logo for the Batman series of comic books, TV shows, and films.

To celebrate Batman's 80th anniversary, DC Comics and Warner Bros. lit the Bat-Signal in thirteen cities on September 21, 2019, starting in Melbourne and ending in Los Angeles.

Bat phone
A bat phone or batphone, in popular jargon, is a private telephone number for important telephone calls handled at high priority. The term is also used to describe the use of more than one mobile phone, with the "bat phone" reserved for a specific purpose. The name Bat-Phone was popularized by the Batman television series starting in 1966, when it was depicted as a red phone that Commissioner Gordon used to summon the superhero Batman in emergencies, and as the red phone mounted inside the Batmobile, the car driven by Batman. Technology journalists have also used "Bat Phone" to describe devices that are novel in appearance, or have a connection to the Batman franchise.
Hans Nielsen (speedway rider)
Hans Hollen Nielsen (born 26 December 1959) is a Danish former professional motorcycle speedway rider. He competed in the Speedway World Championships from 1977 to 1999. Nielsen is notable for winning four Speedway World Championship titles. During his career, he won a total of 22 world championships, making him arguably the most successful speedway rider of all time. In 2012, Nielsen was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements. He later managed the Danish national team.

1993 Individual Speedway World Championship
The 1993 Individual Speedway World Championship was the 48th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

"Sudden" Sam Ermolenko of the United States won his only Speedway World Championship to become the first American winner since Bruce Penhall in 1982. Triple World Champion Hans Nielsen finished second with England's Chris Louis finishing third.
Periya Idathu Penn
Periya Idathu Penn (transl. The Wealthy Woman) is a 1963 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film, directed by T. R. Ramanna. The film stars M. G. Ramachandran, B. Saroja Devi, M. R. Radha and T. R. Rajakumari. It was released on 10 May 1963. The film was blockbuster, the highest-grossing film of the year and ran more than 100 days. The film was remade in Telugu as Sabhash Suri and in Hindi as Jawab. The story of the 1982 Tamil film Sakalakala Vallavan was also inspired by this film.

Sabhash Suri
Sabhash Suri (transl. Well done, Suri) is an Indian 1964 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film, produced by T. R. Chakravarthy under the R. R. Pictures banner and directed by I. N. Murthy. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Krishna Kumari with the music composed by Pendyala Nageswara Rao. The film is a remake of the Tamil film Periya Idathu Penn (1963).
Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.

Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan
Springfield Charter Township is a charter township of Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 14,703. The township was named for the numerous springs in the area.
Lincoln, Gloucester County, New Jersey
Lincoln is a hamlet and unincorporated community in South Harrison Township, Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

Formerly known as Stringtown, it is located in the southeastern part of the township, near the border with Salem County. It contained a grist mill, saw mill and a few houses. The grist mill was purchased in 1828 by James Jessup, who then purchased the saw mill in 1833.

South Harrison Township, New Jersey
South Harrison Township is a township in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 3,395, an increase of 233 (+7.4%) from the 2010 census count of 3,162, which in turn reflected an increase of 745 (+30.8%) from the 2,417 counted in the 2000 census.

South Harrison was formed as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 2, 1883, from portions of Harrison Township. Elk Township was formed from portions of South Harrison Township on April 17, 1891. It is a dry town, where alcohol cannot be sold, though alcohol is available at the winery in the township.
Communist Party of South Wales and the West of England
The Communist Party of South Wales and the West of England was a political party in Britain, formed in September 1920. The group was formed by a minority within the South Wales Socialist Society, that did not support merging into the Communist Party of Great Britain.

The group was sympathetic to the Communist Party (British Section of the Third International) of Sylvia Pankhurst, and adopted the programme of its previous group, the Workers Socialist Federation.

The group held a conference in Cardiff in November 1920, during which it declared that communist unity could be achieved only on the basis of "local autonomy in a given local area".

A.J. Cook was a leading member of the group.

Workers' Socialist Federation
The Workers' Socialist Federation was a socialist political party in the United Kingdom, led by Sylvia Pankhurst.  Under many different names, it gradually broadened its politics from a focus on women's suffrage to eventually become a left communist grouping.
Edith Diehl
Edith Diehl ((1876-05-21)May 21, 1876 – (1953-05-12)May 12, 1953) was an American bookbinder and author of Bookbinding, its Background and Technique (Rinehart and Co., 1946), a classic text and manual on the history and craft of bookbinding in two volumes (republished in editions by Kennicat Press, 1965; Hacker Art Books, 1979; Dover, 1980). In 1947, in recognition of her accomplishments, Diehl was made an Honorary Life Member of the Guild of Book Workers.

Diehl is also known for her wartime works, having closed her studio in 1914 to become Director of Workrooms for the American Red Cross. In 1917, she was asked by trustees of Wellesley College to become Director of the Woman's Land Army of America Training Camp and Experiment Station, which led to her appointment as National Director at the headquarters in Washington, D.C. where she wrote a handbook for use in the national camps.

Brewster, New York
Brewster is a village and the principal settlement within the town of Southeast in Putnam County, New York, United States. The population was 2,508 at the 2020 census. The village, which is the most densely populated portion of the county, was named for two early farmer landowners, Walter and James Brewster, who donated land for the Brewster railroad station in 1848.
Antai-ji
Antai-ji (安泰寺) is a Buddhist temple that belongs to the Sōtō school of Zen Buddhism.  It is located in the town of Shin'onsen, Mikata District, in northern Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, where it sits on about 50 hectares of land in the mountains, close to a national park on the Sea of Japan. It accepts visitors in the summer months, but is inaccessible during the winter due to heavy snow.

Kōshō Uchiyama
Kosho Uchiyama (内山 興正, Uchiyama Kōshō; 1912 – March 13, 1998) was a Sōtō Zen monk, origami master, and abbot of Antai-ji near Kyoto, Japan.

Uchiyama was author of more than twenty books on Zen Buddhism and origami,  of which the best known in the Western World are Opening the Hand of Thought: Foundations of Zen Buddhist Practice and How to Cook Your Life: From the Zen Kitchen to Enlightenment.
Marmagen
Marmagen is a German tradesmen's village in the Eifel with a population of about 1,600. The formerly independent parish has been part of the municipality of Nettersheim in the district of Euskirchen since 1969. Marmagen is the oldest village in the former district of Schleiden and goes back to the Roman vicus of Marcomagus on the Roman road from Trier to Cologne which is recorded in Roman itineraries of the 2nd to 4th centuries. After a 700-year history as an abbey village owned by the nearby Premonstratensian Abbey of Steinfeld since the early 1900s Marmagen has developed a distinct culture of trades in the building sector. Today Marmagen sees itself as a 'nature experience village' and is the site of the well known clinic, Eifelhöhenklinik AG Marmagen.

Nettersheim
Nettersheim (German pronunciation: [ˈnɛtɐsˌhaɪm]) is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the Eifel hills, approx. 20 km south-west of Euskirchen. The rivers Erft and Urft have their source in the municipality.
Archdiocese of Cagayan de Oro
The Archdiocese of Cagayan de Oro (Latin: Archidioecesis Cagayana) is a Latin Catholic archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Philippines.

It is a metropolitan see on the island of Mindanao, which comprises the civil provinces of Misamis Oriental and Camiguin, as well as the municipality of Malitbog, Bukidnon.

Its seat is located at the Saint Augustine Metropolitan Cathedral in Cagayan de Oro, located beside the Cagayan River.

Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan
The Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan (Filipino: Pamantasang Ateneo de Cagayan; Spanish: Universidad Ateneo de Cagayan), also known simply as the Ateneo de Cagayan, Xavier or XU is a private, Catholic, coeducational, basic and higher education institution. It is operated by the Philippine Province of the Society of Jesus in Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Founded in 1933 as the Ateneo de Cagayan, it became the first higher education institution in Mindanao to receive a university status a year before its sister school Ateneo de Manila. It was given its present name in honor of the Jesuit missionary St. Francis Xavier.

The university offers primary and secondary education as well as undergraduate and post-graduate education in humanities, social sciences, engineering, management and business. It offers professional degrees through graduate schools such as Xavier Ateneo College of Law and Jose P. Rizal School of Medicine.
Quaboag Pond
Quaboag Pond is a 537-acre (2.17 km2) pond located a couple of miles south of and between East Brookfield and Brookfield, Massachusetts. The pond lies about two miles (3 km) south of state Route 9 as it passes through East Brookfield. Quaboag Pond was once named Podunk Pond.

East Brookfield, Massachusetts
East Brookfield is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 2,224 at the 2020 United States Census. The census-designated place of East Brookfield (CDP) is located in the town.
Romance comics
Romance comics is a genre of comic books that were most popular during the Golden Age of Comics. The market for comics, which had been growing rapidly throughout the 1940s, began to plummet after the end of World War II when military contracts to provide disposable reading matter to servicemen ended. This left many comic creators seeking new markets. In 1947, part of an effort to tap into new adult audiences, the romance comic genre was created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby with the Crestwood Publications title Young Romance.

Girls' Romances
Girls' Romances is a romance comic anthology published by DC Comics in the United States. Debuting with a Feb.,/Mar. 1950 cover-date, it ran for 160 issues, ending with the Oct. 1971 issue (the final issue came out on October 3, 1971, and sold for $0.25).

Mike Sekowsky was a regular artist on the book from 1952 to the end of its run. Other artists on the title included Tony Abruzzo, Gene Colan, Lee Elias, Gil Kane, Win Mortimer, Bob Oksner, John Romita, Sr., John Rosenberger, Art Saaf, Jack Sparling, Alex Toth, and George Tuska. Nick Cardy drew many covers.

Pop artist Roy Lichtenstein based a number of his works on panels from Girls' Romances, including In the Car (sometimes called Driving) (1963), We Rose Up Slowly (1964), and Sleeping Girl (1964).
The Bad Seed
The Bad Seed is a 1954 horror novel by American writer William March, the last of his major works published before his death.

Nominated for the 1955 National Book Award for Fiction, The Bad Seed tells the story of a mother's realization that her young daughter is a murderer. Its enormous critical and commercial success was largely realized after March's death only one month after publication.

In 1954, the novel was adapted into a successful and long-running Broadway play by Maxwell Anderson and into an Academy Award-nominated 1956 film directed by Mervyn LeRoy.

The Bad Seed (1956 film)
The Bad Seed is a 1956 American psychological horror thriller film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and starring Nancy Kelly, Patty McCormack, Henry Jones and Eileen Heckart, about an eight-year-old girl whose mother begins to suspect that she might be a psychopathic killer.

The film adapts the 1954 play of the same name by Maxwell Anderson, which in turn is based on William March's 1954 novel of the same name. The screenplay was written by John Lee Mahin.
Dampfbahn Fränkische Schweiz
The Dampfbahn Fränkische Schweiz e. V. (Franconian Switzerland Steam Railway Co. Ltd.) or DFS is a German museum railway operated by a registered society (eingetragener Verein) in Ebermannstadt, in a region of northern Bavaria, Germany, known as Franconian Switzerland.

Franconian Switzerland
Franconian Switzerland (German: Fränkische Schweiz, pronounced [ˈfʁɛŋkɪʃə ˈʃvaɪts]) is an upland in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, Germany, and a popular tourist retreat. Located between the River Pegnitz in the east and the south, the River Regnitz in the west and the River Main in the north, its relief, which reaches 600 metres in height, forms the northern part of the Franconian Jura (Frankenjura).
Like several other mountainous landscapes in the German-speaking lands, e.g. Holstein Switzerland, Märkische Schweiz, or Pommersche Schweiz, Franconian Switzerland was given its name by Romantic artists and poets in the 19th century who compared the landscape to Switzerland. Franconian Switzerland is famous for its high density of traditional breweries.
Lynchburg, Virginia
Lynchburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the James River, it had a population of 79,009 at the 2020 census, making it the 11th-most populous city in Virginia. It is nicknamed the "City of Seven Hills" or the "Hill City." Lynchburg was founded in 1757 by John Lynch, a Quaker ferry operator and abolitionist. During the American Civil War, Lynchburg's strategic importance helped it remain the only major city in Virginia not recaptured by Union forces before the war's end.

Lynchburg anchors the Lynchburg metropolitan area, which lies near the geographic center of Virginia and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the state, with a population of 261,593. The city is a regional hub for education, home to several institutions of higher learning, including Liberty University, the University of Lynchburg, Randolph College, Virginia University of Lynchburg, and Central Virginia Community College.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Lynchburg, Virginia
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lynchburg, Virginia.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in the independent city of Lynchburg, Virginia, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 57 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the city, including 1 National Historic Landmark.  Another property was once listed but has been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted June 20, 2025.
Rat king
A rat king is a collection of rats or mice whose tails are intertwined and bound together in some way. This could be a result of an entangling material like hair, a sticky substance such as sap or gum, or the tails being tied together.

A similar phenomenon with squirrels has been observed, which has had modern documented examples.

Squirrel king
A squirrel king is a collection of squirrels whose tails have tangled together, making them unable to separate themselves. It is similar to a phenomenon recorded in rats, the rat king. A squirrel king starts as a litter of young in the same nest, whose tails become knotted together by nesting materials and/or by tree sap gluing the tails together, particularly if the young squirrels have been gnawing bark of the tree that their nest is in, letting sap flow. If the squirrels are not separated, they may fall to the ground still joined to each other when they try to come out of their nest, and will invariably die unless separated through human intervention. Unlike the rat king, the squirrel king is not found in medieval European literature.
Away from Rome!
Away from Rome! (German: Los-von-Rom-Bewegung) was a religious movement founded in Austria by the Pan-German politician Georg Ritter von Schönerer aimed at conversion of all Roman Catholic German-speaking people in Austria to Lutheran Protestantism or, in some cases, an Old Catholic Church. It was founded amid the ensuing Kulturkampf in Imperial Germany.

Georg Ritter von Schönerer
Georg Ritter von Schönerer (17 July 1842 – 14 August 1921) was an Austrian landowner and politician of Austria-Hungary active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A major exponent of pan-Germanism and German nationalism in Austria, Schönerer endorsed the annexation of German-Austrians and Austria to Germany in an Anschluss.

Schönerer was a radical opponent of political Catholicism and a fierce antisemite who exerted much influence on the young Adolf Hitler. He was known for a generation as the most radical pan-German nationalist in Austria.