hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benjamin Tonks
Benjamin Tonks (1832 – 27 June 1884) was a 19th-century mayor and Member of Parliament in Auckland, New Zealand.

Tonks was elected to the Parnell electorate of the Auckland Provincial Council in 1871. He represented Parnell in the 6th and 7th council until the abolition of provincial government in 1876.

He was the Mayor of Auckland City from 1875 to 1876. He defeated the incumbent mayor Frederick Prime 1,062 votes to 402 in the first direct election for the position by the public.

At the 1876 by-election which followed the resignation of Sir George Grey, he was elected to represent the City of Auckland West electorate. He resigned in 1877.

He died at his home in Remuera on 27 June 1884.

Mayor of Auckland City
The Mayor of Auckland City was the directly elected head of the Auckland City Council, the municipal government of Auckland City, New Zealand. The office existed from 1871 to 2010, when the Auckland City Council and mayoralty was abolished and replaced with the Auckland Council and the Mayor of Auckland.
Tissotia
Tissotia is a genus of ammonites belonging to the family Tissotiidae.

These fast-moving nektonic carnivores lived in the Cretaceous period (89.3 to 84.9 Ma). Shells of Tissotia species can reach a diameter of 20 centimetres (7.9 in).

Tissotiidae
Tissotiidae is a family of ammonites (Ammonitina) belonging to the Acanthoceratoidea.

The Tissotiidae are derived from the Vascoceratidae, another acanthoceratoid family, and gave rise to the Coilopoceratidae. They have been divided into two subfamilies, the earlier and more primitive Pseudotissotiinae and the more advanced and later Tissotiinae, which differ only in the details of the suture. (ibid)
Bridgeport, West Virginia
Bridgeport is a city in eastern Harrison County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 9,325 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Clarksburg micropolitan area in North Central West Virginia.

Clarksburg micropolitan area
The Clarksburg Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of four counties in North-Central West Virginia, anchored by the city of Clarksburg.

As of the 2020 census, the μSA had a population of 90,431, with an estimated 2024 population of 88,525.The Fairmont-Clarksburg CSA had a population of 146,641 at the 2020 census, with a 2024 estimate of 144,174.
Lubomirski's rebellion
Lubomirski's rebellion (Polish: rokosz Lubomirskiego), was a rebellion against Polish King John II Casimir that was initiated by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, a member of the Polish nobility.

From 1665 to 1666, Lubomirski's supporters paralyzed the proceedings of the Sejm. Lubomirski, with the support of part of the army and the conscripted pospolite ruszenie, defeated royal forces at the Battle of Matwy in 1666. The rebellion ended with the Agreement of Łęgonice, which forced the King to give up his planned reforms like the introduction of vivente rege royal elections. Lubomirski, now a broken man, died soon afterward.

Battle of Mątwy
The Battle of Mątwy (Polish: Bitwa pod Mątwami) was the biggest and bloodiest battle of the so-called Lubomirski Rokosz, a rebellion against Polish King John II Casimir, initiated by a magnate and hetman, Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. It took place on 13 July 1666 in the village of Mątwy (now a district of Inowrocław), and ended in rebel victory. The royal army of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth lost almost 4000 of its best and most experienced soldiers, who were murdered by Lubomirski's men. Rebel losses are estimated at 200.
Dick Rutan
Richard Glenn Rutan (July 1, 1938 – May 3, 2024) was an American military aviator and officer, as well as a record-breaking test pilot who in 1986 piloted the Voyager aircraft on the first non-stop, non-refueled around-the-world flight with co-pilot Jeana Yeager. He was the older brother of famed aerospace designer Burt Rutan, whose many earlier original designs Dick piloted on class record-breaking flights, including Voyager.

Rutan Long-EZ
The Rutan Model 61 Long-EZ (pronounced Long-Easy) is a tandem 2-seater homebuilt aircraft designed by Burt Rutan's Scaled Composites. The Long-EZ has a canard layout, a swept wing with wingtip rudders, and a pusher engine and propeller. The tricycle landing gear has fixed main wheels with streamlined spats and a retractable nosewheel. Its predecessor was the VariEze, plans for which were first available to homebuilders in 1976. The prototype Long-EZ, N79RA, first flew on June 12, 1979.
Cia. Hering
Companhia Hering (Cia Hering) is a Brazilian textile and retail clothing company, being the leading  clothing textile company  in Latin America. The company has 805 stores. The company is one of the oldest Brazilian companies still in activity, founded by German brothers Bruno and Hermann Hering, in 1880. It was founded in Blumenau, Santa Catarina, and its headquarters and major factories are still in this city. Hering is the major employer in the city (excluding public service jobs).

Hering exports its products worldwide. Currently, the company operates stores in Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Blumenau
Blumenau (Brazilian Portuguese: [blumeˈnaw]) is a city in Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina state, in the South Region of Brazil, 130 km (81 mi) from the state capital Florianópolis.

The city was founded by the German chemist and pharmacist Hermann Blumenau (1819–1899), who arrived on a boat via the Itajaí-Açu River accompanied by seventeen other Germans, and still celebrates its German heritage, including the second largest Oktoberfest in the Americas.
Alfred L. Copley
Alfred Lewin Copley (1910 – 1992) was a German-American medical scientist and an artist at the New York School in the 1950s. As an artist he worked under the name L. Alcopley. He is best known as an artist for his abstract expressionist paintings, and as a scientist for his work in the field of hemorheology. He was married to the Icelandic artist Nína Tryggvadóttir.

Nína Tryggvadóttir
Nína Tryggvadóttir (born Jónína Tryggvadóttir; March 16, 1913 – June 18, 1968) was an Icelandic artist. She was one of Iceland's most important abstract expressionist artists and one of very few Icelandic female artists of her generation.
Sutri
Sutri (Latin Sutrium) is an Ancient town, modern comune and former bishopric (now a Latin titular see) in the province of Viterbo, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Rome and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Viterbo. It is picturesquely situated on a narrow tuff hill, surrounded by ravines, a narrow neck on the west alone connecting it with the surrounding country. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The modern comune of Sutri has a few more than 5,000 inhabitants. Its ancient remains are a major draw for tourism: a Roman amphitheatre excavated in the tuff rock, an Etruscan necropolis with dozens of rock-cut tombs, a Mithraeum incorporated in the crypt of its church of the Madonna del Parto, a Romanesque Duomo.

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Transcaucasus Front
The Transcaucasus Front (Russian: Закавказский Фронт), also translated as Transcaucasian Front, was a front of the Soviet Red Army—a military formation comparable to an army group, not a geographic military front—during the Second World War.

The Transcaucasus Front describes two distinct organizations during the war.

76th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 76th Rifle Division was a Red Army infantry division, formed twice.

The division was formed in 1922 and was known also as the 76th Armenian Mountain Division. It was a Soviet infantry fighting unit of the Red Army that fought on the Eastern Front during the Second World War. The 76th was made up primarily of Armenians from the newly established Soviet Socialist Republic of Armenia, but also included among its ranks several different nationalities. The division became the 51st Guards Rifle Division on 23 November 1942 for its actions in Operation Uranus.

The division was reformed in 1943 from a rifle brigade. The division's second formation was disbanded in the summer of 1945.
Joe Dever's Lone Wolf
Joe Dever's Lone Wolf is a role-playing game video game developed by Italian studio Forge Reply and first published by BulkyPix for iOS on 29 October 2013. The game has since been ported to PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Switch. It is based on the series of gamebooks by author Joe Dever entitled Lone Wolf. The story involves Lone Wolf adventuring to uncover the secret of the Shianti Cube.

BulkyPix
BulkyPix was a French company specializing in the development and publishing of video games, founded in December 2008 and dissolved in August 2016. The company published over 200 games, primarily for the mobile market and also for web browsers and PC. It went into liquidation in August 2016.

Notable successes include the games My Brute, Saving Private Sheep, Autumn Dynasty, The Sandbox, Type:Rider, Joe Dever's Lone Wolf, Penumbear and Please, Don't Touch Anything.
Shi Yunsheng
Shi Yunsheng (Chinese: 石云生; born 1940 in Fushun, Liaoning) is a retired naval aviator and admiral of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) of China. He was the fifth commander of the PLAN (1996–2003).

He was the commander of air force of South Sea Fleet, and was promoted to vice commander of air force of Navy in 1990. Two years later, he was promoted to vice commander of PLA Navy. In November 1996, he was appointed as commander in chief of the Navy. This was followed by a promotion to full admiral in 2000.

In June 2003, Shi was dismissed and forced into retirement after the fatal submarine 361 incident. He was replaced by Admiral Zhang Dingfa.

Shi was a member of the 15th and 16th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.

Zhang Dingfa
Zhang Dingfa (simplified Chinese: 张定发; traditional Chinese: 張定發; pinyin: Zhāng Dìngfā; 8 December 1943 – 14 December 2006) was a submariner and admiral of China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), who served as Commander of the PLAN from 2003 to 2006. Prior to that, he served as President of the PLA Academy of Military Science and Commander of the North Sea Fleet.

Zhang became the PLA Navy commander in the aftermath of the fatal submarine 361 accident in 2003. He initiated reforms to improve maintenance and training of the naval force, but stepped down three years later because of cancer, and died soon afterwards.
Derby pie
Derby pie is a chocolate and walnut open-faced custard pie baked in a (pre-baked) pie shell. The pie was created in the Melrose Inn of Prospect, Kentucky, United States, by George Kern with the help of his parents, Walter and Leaudra. It is often associated with the Kentucky Derby.

Pie in American cuisine
Pie in American cuisine evolved over centuries from savory game pies and fruit pies brought over by settlers. By the 1920s and 1930s there was growing consensus that cookbooks needed to be updated for the modern electric kitchen. New appliances, recipes and convenience food ingredients changed the way Americans made iconic dessert pies like key lime pie, coconut cream pie and banana cream pie.
Hotel Okura Tokyo
Hotel Okura Tokyo (ホテルオークラ東京, Hoteru Ōkura Tōkyō) is a luxury hotel opened in 1962 in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It is operated by Okura Hotels and is a member of The Leading Hotels of the World. The historic main wing was demolished in 2015, with a modern replacement on the site opened in 2019, rebranded as The Okura Tokyo.

The Okura Tokyo, the Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, and the Hotel New Otani Tokyo are often referred to as one of the Three Great Hotels (御三家, gosanke) of Tokyo, in a reference to the three Edo-era branch houses of the Tokugawa clan.

The hotel grounds also host the Okura Museum of Art, which houses a collection of Japanese and East Asian art amassed by industrialist Ōkura Kihachirō.

Hotel New Otani Tokyo
The Hotel New Otani Tokyo is a hotel in Chiyoda City, Tokyo, Japan. Opened in 1964 and operated by New Otani Hotels, the hotel has 1,479 rooms and 39 restaurants. It has hosted numerous heads of state and is home to a 400-year-old garden.
Mario Nakić
Mario Nakić (Serbian Cyrillic: Марио Накић; born 14 June 2001) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Partizan Mozzart Bet of the Basketball League of Serbia (KLS), the ABA League and the EuroLeague.

2017–18 Euroleague Basketball Next Generation Tournament
The 2017–18 Euroleague Basketball Next Generation Tournament, also called Adidas Next Generation Tournament by sponsorship reasons, is the 16th edition of the international junior basketball tournament organized by the Euroleague Basketball Company.

As in past years, 32 teams joined the first stage, which are played in four qualifying tournaments between January and February 2017.
Petalifera
Petalifera is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares.

Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus Petalifera is paraphyletic.

(Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.)

A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea.

Aplysiidae
Aplysiidae is the only family in the superfamily Aplysioidea, within the clade Anaspidea. These animals are commonly called sea hares because, unlike most sea slugs, they are often quite large, and when they are underwater, their rounded body shape and the long rhinophores on their heads mean that their overall shape resembles that of a sitting rabbit or hare. Sea hares are however sea snails with shells reduced to a small plate hidden between the parapodia, and some species are extremely large. The Californian black sea hare, Aplysia vaccaria is arguably the largest living gastropod species, and is certainly the largest living heterobranch gastropod.
7.92×33mm Kurz
The 7.92×33mm Kurz (“short” in German) (designated as the 7.92 x 33 kurz by the C.I.P.) is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate rifle cartridge (German: Mittelpatrone) developed in Nazi Germany prior to and during World War II, specifically intended for development of the Sturmgewehr 44 (assault rifle). The ammunition is also referred to as 7.9mm Kurz (German: Kurz meaning "short"), 7.9 Kurz, 7.9mmK, or 8×33 Polte. The round was developed as a compromise between the longer 7.92×57mm full-power rifle cartridge and the 9×19mm Parabellum pistol cartridge.

FG 42
The FG 42 (German: Fallschirmjägergewehr 42, "paratrooper rifle 42") is a selective-fire 7.92×57mm Mauser automatic rifle produced in Nazi Germany during World War II. The weapon was developed specifically for the use of the Fallschirmjäger airborne infantry in 1942 and was used in very limited numbers until the end of the war.

It combined the characteristics and firepower of a light machine gun in a lightweight form slightly shorter (but considerably bulkier and heavier) than the standard-issue Karabiner 98k bolt-action infantry rifle. Considered one of the most advanced weapon designs of World War II, the FG 42 influenced post-war small arms development, and many features of its design, such as general shape, stock style, gas-rotating bolt operation and sheet metal and plastic construction were copied by the US Army when it developed the M60 machine gun.
Playoff format
There are a number of formats used in various levels of competition in sports and games to determine an overall champion. Some of the most common are the single elimination, the best-of- series, the total points series more commonly known as on aggregate, and the round-robin tournament.

College World Series
The College World Series (CWS), officially the NCAA Men's College World Series (MCWS), is a baseball tournament held each June in Omaha, Nebraska. It is the culmination of the NCAA Division I baseball tournament—featuring 64 teams in the first round—which determines the champion of NCAA Division I level college baseball. The eight participating teams are split into two double-elimination brackets of four teams apiece, with the bracket winners playing in a best-of-three championship series.
Dashijie station
Dashijie (Chinese: 大世界; pinyin: Dàshìjiè; lit. 'Great World') is a station on Shanghai Metro Line 8 and Line 14. It began operation on 29 December 2007 and became an interchange station with Line 14 on 30 December 2021. The station is linked to an underground shopping complex containing a McDonald's and other fast food outlets. The station is named after the Great World entertainment complex (in Chinese, "Da Shijie"), traditionally Shanghai's largest amusement arcade.

Line 14 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 14 of the Shanghai Metro is an east-west metro line opened on 30 December 2021. The line, consisting of 31 stations, starts from Fengbang town in Jiading District, and terminate in Jinqiao town in Pudong New Area via Zhenru, Jing'an Temple, Dashijie, and Lujiazui. Its total length is 39.1 kilometres (24.3 mi), and passengers are able to transfer to 13 existing and planned metro lines. Due to Line 14 cutting across some of the densest areas of Shanghai and being a relief line for line 2, high ridership is expected for the line. As such the line uses high capacity 8 car A size trains similar to lines 1 and 2. The line uses an automatic train control system jointly developed by Thales and Shanghai Electric. Line 14 is fully driverless. The line is colored olive on system maps.
Garnett Blair
Garnett E. Blair (July 31, 1921 – January 12, 1996) was an American baseball pitcher in the Negro leagues.

A native of East Carnegie, Pennsylvania, Blair served in the US Army during World War II. He played from 1942 to 1952 with the Homestead Grays and the Richmond Giants. He also played for the Richmond Colts of the Piedmont League in 1953. His brother, Lonnie Blair, also played in the Negro leagues.

Lonnie Blair
Lonnie Jerome Blair (October 30, 1929 – January 27, 1992) was an American Negro league pitcher between 1947 and 1950.

A native of East Carnegie, Pennsylvania, Blair was the brother of fellow Negro leaguer Garnett Blair. He attended Allegheny Vocational High School and joined the Homestead Grays while still in high school in 1947, and went on to play for the club as a pitcher and second baseman through 1950. Blair died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1992 at age 62.
Van Tuong Nguyen
Van Tuong Nguyen (Vietnamese: Nguyễn Tường Vân, listenⓘ; 17 August 1980 – 2 December 2005), baptised Caleb, was an Australian from Melbourne, Victoria, convicted of drug trafficking in Singapore. A Vietnamese Australian, he was also addressed as Nguyen Tuong Van (阮祥雲) in Singaporean media, his name in Vietnamese custom like most customs in the Sinosphere.

Drug trafficking carries a mandatory death sentence under Singapore's Misuse of Drugs Act, and despite pleas for clemency from the Australian Government, Amnesty International, the Holy See, as well as other individuals and groups, he was executed by hanging at 06:06 SST on 2 December 2005 at Changi Prison (22:06 UTC, 1 December 2005).

Better Man (miniseries)
Better Man is a four-part Australian television biopic mini-series which originally screened on SBS TV on 25 July 2013, and replayed in February 2014. It was written and directed by Khoa Do and produced by Stephen Corvini. It starred David Wenham, Bryan Brown, Claudia Karvan and newcomer Remy Hii. According to SBS, Better Man had the most "star studded lineup" in the network's history.
Stadion OSiR Skałka
Stadion Skałka im. Pawła Waloszka, Paweł Waloszek Skałka Stadium is a motorcycle speedway and association football stadium located in the centre of Świętochłowice off the Bytomska 40 road. It is part of the Skałka Sports and Recreation Center. The Polish sports club Śląsk Świętochłowice uses the stadium. This consists of a football team and speedway club.

Świętochłowice
Świętochłowice (Polish: [ɕfjɛntɔxwɔˈvit͡sɛ] ⓘ; German: Schwientochlowitz; Silesian: Świyntochłowice) is a city with powiat rights in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. It is also one of the central cities of the Metropolis GZM, with a population of 2 million, and is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Rawa River (tributary of the Vistula).

It is situated in the Silesian Voivodeship since its formation in 1999, previously in Katowice Voivodeship, and before then, of the Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship. Świętochłowice is one of the cities of the 2.7 million conurbation – Katowice urban area and within a greater Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area populated by about 5,294,000 people. The population of the city is 49,762 (2019).
Karlheinz Schreiber
Karlheinz Schreiber (born 25 March 1934) is a German and Canadian citizen, an industrialist, lobbyist, fundraiser, arms dealer, businessman, and convicted criminal. He has been in the news regarding his alleged role in the 1999 CDU contributions scandal in Germany, which damaged the political legacy of former Chancellor of Germany Helmut Kohl and involves the former Federal Minister of Finance of Germany Wolfgang Schäuble as well as the Airbus affair in Canada, which was linked through allegation to former prime minister of Canada Brian Mulroney. He was extradited to Germany on 2 August 2009, and convicted of tax evasion.

Frank Moores
Frank Duff Moores (February 18, 1933 – July 10, 2005) served as the second premier of Newfoundland as leader of the Progressive Conservatives from 1972 until his retirement in 1979. Moores was also a successful businessman in both the fishing industry and federal lobbying. He was accused accepting secret commissions as part of the Airbus affair.
Cash, Arkansas
Cash is a city in western Craighead County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 280 at the 2020 census. Cash's population was of mostly white with 99.8% and partial Puerto Rican ethnicity. It is included in the Jonesboro, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The name "Cash" is a corruption of the Cache River.

Craighead County, Arkansas
Craighead County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,231. The county has two county seats — Jonesboro and Lake City. Craighead County is Arkansas's 58th county, formed on February 19, 1859, and named for state Senator Thomas Craighead. It is one of several dry counties within the state of Arkansas, in which the sale of alcoholic beverages is largely prohibited.

Craighead County is included in Jonesboro–Paragould Combined Statistical Area.