hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yamada Castle
Yamada Castle (山田城, Yamada jō; Okinawan: Yamada Gushiku) was a Ryūkyūan gusuku fortification located in the village of  Onna, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 2008.  It is famous for being the birthplace of the Ryūkyūan general Gosamaru.

Gusuku
Gusuku (グスク, 御城; Okinawan: gushiku) often refers to castles or fortresses in the Ryukyu Islands that feature stone walls. However, the origin and essence of gusuku remain controversial. In the archaeology of the Ryukyu Islands, the Gusuku period refers to an archaeological epoch of the Okinawa Islands that follows the shell-mound period and precedes the Sanzan period, when most gusuku are thought to have been built. Many gusuku and related cultural remains on Okinawa Island have been listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites under the title Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu.
2005 Cal Poly Mustangs football team
The 2005 Cal Poly Mustangs football team represented California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo as member of the Great West Conference (GWC) during the 2005 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Rich Ellerson, Cal Poly compiled an overall record of 9–4 with a mark of 4–1 in conference play, sharing the GWC title with UC Davis. The Mustangs advanced to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where they defeated Montana in the first round before losing to Texas State in the quarterfinals. The team outscored its opponents 354 to 232 for the season. Cal Poly played home games at Mustang Stadium in San Luis Obispo, California.

2005 UC Davis Aggies football team
The 2005 UC Davis football team represented the University of California, Davis as a member of the Great West Conference (GWC) during the 2005 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by 13th-year head coach Bob Biggs, UC Davis compiled an overall record of 6–5 with a mark of 4–1 in conference play, sharing the GWC title with Cal Poly. 2005 was the 36th consecutive winning season for the Aggies. The team outscored their opponents 217 to 184 for the season. The Aggies played home games at Toomey Field in Davis, California.
Kid British
Kid British, often styled as KiD BRiTiSH, were a British 6-piece music group, hailing from Manchester, England. The band was composed of Adio Marchant (vocals), Simeon McLean (vocals), Sean Mbaya (vocals/guitar/keyboard), Dominick Allen (vocals/rhythm guitar), Mykey Wilson (drums) and  Tom Peek (bass guitar).

Former members were James Mayer (vocals), Tom Peek (bass) who both left for personal reasons. Adio Marchant has since developed his own indie pop side project called Bipolar Sunshine. His debut EP, Aesthetics, was released on 18 June 2013, and the single Rivers was iTunes free single of the week, in the week commencing 14 July 2013.

LAB Records
LAB Records (pronounced /læb/ lab) is an independent record label operating from Manchester, England, and founded by Mark Orr and Nathen McVittie in 2007. The company also has a creative and distribution division, LAB Exposure, as well as a New York–based management company, LAB Partners.

It releases music in the pop and rock genres, with bands primarily from the United States and UK.
Paget Parish
Paget Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. It is named for William Paget, 4th Baron Paget de Beaudesert (1572–1629).

The parish is located in the central south of the island chain, immediately south of Hamilton Harbor on the main island. It is joined to Warwick Parish in the southwest, and Devonshire Parish in the northeast. As with most of Bermuda's parishes, it covers just over 2.3 square miles (about 6.0 km2 or 1500 acres). It had a population of 5,899 in 2016.

Other notable features of Paget include Bermuda College, the Bermuda Division of the British Red Cross, Bermuda Botanical Gardens and Masterworks Museum of Bermuda Art.

Devonshire Parish
Devonshire Parish is one of the nine parishes of Bermuda. Originally named Cavendish Tribe and later Devonshire Tribe, for William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire (1552–1626). Devonshire Redoubt, on Castle Island, one of the Castle Harbour fortifications of St. George's Parish, was also named after him.
Maccabi Tzur Shalom F.C.
Maccabi Tzur Shalom (Hebrew: מכבי צור שלום) is an Israeli football club based in the Tzur Shalom neighbourhood of Kiryat Bialik. The club plays in Liga Alef North, and played home matches at the Tzur Shalom Stadium in Kiryat Bialik.

Liga Gimel
Liga Gimel (Hebrew: ליגה ג', lit. League C) is, since 2009, the fifth and bottom division of Israeli Football League. From Liga Alef and downwards, including Liga Gimel, each league is separated by region.
Retezat Mountains
The Retezat Mountains (Romanian: Munții Retezat, Hungarian: Retyezát-hegység) are one of the highest massifs in Romania, being part of the Southern Carpathians. The highest peak is Peleaga (Vârful Peleaga), at an altitude of 2,509 metres (8,232 ft). Other important peaks are Păpușa (Vârful Păpușa, "the Doll Peak") and Retezat Peak (Vârful Retezat). The name means "cut off" in Romanian.

Southern Carpathians
The Southern Carpathians (also known as the Transylvanian Alps; Romanian: Carpații Meridionali [karˈpatsij ˌmeridi.oˈnalʲ]; Hungarian: Déli-Kárpátok) are a group of mountain ranges located in southern Romania. They cover the part of the Carpathian Mountains located between the Prahova River in the east and the Timiș and Cerna Rivers in the west. To the south they are bounded by the Balkan Mountains in eastern Serbia.
Highway 1 (Australia)
Australia's Highway 1 is a network of highways that circumnavigate the country, joining all mainland capital cities except the national capital, Canberra. At a total length of approximately 14,500 kilometres (9,000 miles), it is the longest national highway in the world, surpassing the Trans-Siberian Highway (over 11,000 kilometres or 6,800 miles) and the Trans-Canada Highway (8,030 kilometres or 4,990 miles). Over a million people traverse some part of the highway network every day. It is the longest continuing highway in the world as the Pan-American Highway is separated by the Darién Gap and AH1 is separated by the Sea of Japan. However, it is not the longest continuous stretch of highway as both the northern section of the Pan-American Highway and the continental section of AH1 still out-measure it.

National Highway (Australia)
The National Highway (part of the National Land Transport Network) is a system of roads connecting all mainland states and territories of Australia, and is the major network of highways and motorways connecting Australia's capital cities and major regional centres.
Women's football in Indonesia
Women's football in Indonesia is not popular but is mainly played in affluent areas in Indonesia.

One of the barriers of the sport growing is that many women experience prejudice for playing the sport.

In December 2017, Women's Football Association of Indonesia (ASBWI) was created in their first congress in Palembang.

In 2019 Liga 1 Putri was launched as the top-flight women's football league in Indonesia.

Women's Football Association of Indonesia
Women's Football Association of Indonesia (Indonesian: Asosiasi Sepak Bola Wanita Indonesia; abbreviated as ASBWI) is the governing body for women's association football in Indonesia. Since 2017, this organization has been recognized as member of the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI).

This association is one of three associations under PSSI, besides the Indonesia Futsal Federation (FFI) and the Indonesian Coaches Association.
Peter Munk
Peter Munk CC (November 8, 1927 – March 28, 2018) was a Hungarian-Canadian businessman, investor, founder and philanthropist. He was the founder and chief executive officer of a number of high-profile business ventures, including the hi-fi electronics company Clairtone, real estate company Trizec Properties, and Barrick Gold, formerly the world's largest gold-mining corporation.

Munk is known for his philanthropy, as a donor to Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto and the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre at the Toronto General Hospital. He is also well known for supporting the Munk Debates.

Nina Munk
Nina Munk (born 1967) is a Canadian-American journalist and non-fiction author. She is the author or co-author of four books, including The Idealist: Jeffrey Sachs and the Quest to End Poverty and Fools Rush In: Jerry Levin, Steve Case, and the Unmaking of Time Warner. She is also the editor of the critical English translation of How It Happened: Documenting the Tragedy of Hungarian Jewry, an influential account of the Holocaust in Hungary written by Ernő Munkácsi in 1947. According to Publishers Marketplace, Munk is working on a new book for Alfred A. Knopf titled In My Dreams, We Are Together about "her family in Hungary during the Holocaust".
FV101 Scorpion
The FV101 Scorpion is a British armoured reconnaissance vehicle and light tank. It was the lead vehicle and the fire support type in the Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked), CVR(T), family of seven armoured vehicles. Manufactured by Alvis, it was introduced into service with the British Army in 1973 and was withdrawn in 1994. More than 3,000 were produced and used as reconnaissance vehicles or light tanks.

It held the Guinness world record for the fastest production tank, recorded doing 82.23 km/h (51.10 mph) at the QinetiQ vehicle test track in Chertsey, Surrey, on 26 January 2002.

Alvis Car and Engineering Company
Alvis Car and Engineering Company Ltd was a British manufacturing company in Coventry from 1919 to 1967. In addition to automobiles designed for the civilian market, the company also produced racing cars, aircraft engines, armoured cars, and other armoured fighting vehicles.

Car manufacturing ended after the company became a subsidiary of Rover in 1965, but armoured vehicle manufacture continued. Alvis became part of British Leyland and then in 1982 was sold to United Scientific Holdings, which renamed itself Alvis plc.

In 2023, its successor company began manufacturing the brand’s classic models again.
Brocklesby, New South Wales
Brocklesby /ˈbrɒkəlzbi/ is a town in the Riverina region of south west New South Wales, Australia. The town is in the Greater Hume Shire Council local government area, 45 kilometres (28 mi) north-west of the regional centre of Albury. In the 2021 census Brocklesby had a population of 218.

Brocklesby, although having only a very small population prides itself on having an active community, including a long-standing pigeon club. (The pigeon shed was taken down in 2011.) Town buildings include the public hall, a recreation reserve, local primary school and pre-school, and since 2000, a public hotel which is owned by the Greater Hume Shire Council and operating under a community licence.

Greater Hume Shire
Greater Hume Shire is a local government area in the Riverina region of southern New South Wales, Australia. The Shire was formed in 2004 incorporating Culcairn Shire, the majority of Holbrook Shire and part of Hume Shire. The shire had an estimated population of 10,137 as at 2012.

The Shire is located adjacent to the Hume, Olympic and Riverina Highways and the Sydney–Melbourne railway.

The mayor of the Greater Hume Shire Council is Cr. Heather Wilton, an independent politician.
MV Queen of Prince Rupert
MV Queen of Prince Rupert was a roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ferry operated by BC Ferries that provided the main surface transport link between the Queen Charlotte Islands and mainland British Columbia, connecting Skidegate with Prince Rupert across the Hecate Strait (thus linking two segments of Highway 16). The vessel also ran on the Prince Rupert–Port Hardy Inside Passage route during the low season.

Built in 1965, Queen of Prince Rupert was decommissioned on April 20, 2009 following the launch of Northern Expedition and was replaced by Northern Adventure on the Prince Rupert–Skidegate route.

On May 4, 2011, the official registration of Queen of Prince Rupert was closed. The vessel was sold to Goundar Shipping Company of Fiji and renamed MV Lomaiviti Princess. The vessel departed British Columbia waters bound for Fiji on August 5, 2011.

MV Northern Adventure
MV Northern Adventure is a roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ferry operated by BC Ferries in British Columbia, Canada. She sails two routes: the scenic Inside Passage route between Port Hardy and Prince Rupert and the Haida Gwaii crossing between Prince Rupert and Skidegate. The vessel was laid down by Atsalakis-Sidironaftiki shipyard on 11 September 2001 at their yard in Perama, Greece. The ship was launched on 19 October 2002 under the name Adamantios Korais. However, construction was delayed and the vessel was not completed until 19 July 2004 under the name Sonia, and later Sonia X. The ferry was chartered by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago for use on a route between Port of Spain, Trinidad and Scarborough, Tobago. In 2006, the ferry was acquired by BC Ferries and entered service under her current name Northern Adventure in 2007.
Fjord
In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord, a variant most common in New Zealand English; /ˈfjɔːrd, fiːˈɔːrd/ ⓘ) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs in a valley created by a former glacier, which has since become inundated with water. They are the glacial equivalent of drowned river valleys, known as rias. Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the northern and southern hemispheres. Areas with extensive fjords demonstrate an extreme example of the coastline paradox; Norway's coastline is estimated to be 29,000 km (18,000 mi) long with its nearly 1,200 fjords, but only 2,500 km (1,600 mi) long when excluding the fjords.

Fjard
A fjard (Swedish: fjärd, IPA: [ˈfjæːɖ]) is a large open space of water between groups of islands or mainland in archipelagos. Fjards can be found along sea coasts, in freshwater lakes or in rivers. Fjard and fjord were originally the same word, and they generally meant sailable waterway. In Scandinavia, fjords dominate along the North Sea coast while fjards dominate the Baltic Sea coast.
Sushil Koirala
Sushil Prasad Koirala (Nepali: सुशील कोइराला; 12 August 1939 – 9 February 2016) was a Nepalese politician and the Prime Minister of Nepal from 11 February 2014 to 10 October 2015. He was also President of the Nepali Congress from 2010 to 2016, having earlier served in various capacities in the party.

2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly
The Second Constituent Assembly of Nepal, later converted to the Legislature Parliament (Nepali: व्यवस्थापिका संसद), was a unicameral legislature of Nepal. It was elected in the 2013 Constituent Assembly elections after the failure of the first Constituent Assembly (CA) to promulgate a new constitution. The Assembly converted into a legislative parliament after the constitution was promulgated in 2015. The legislature parliament's term ended on 14 October 2017.
STS-51-I
STS-51-I was the 20th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the sixth flight of Space Shuttle Discovery. During the mission, Discovery deployed three communications satellites into orbit. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on August 27, 1985, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on September 3, 1985.

Syncom
Syncom (for "synchronous communication satellite") started as a 1961 NASA program for active geosynchronous communication satellites, all of which were developed and manufactured by the Space and Communications division of Hughes Aircraft Company (now the Boeing Satellite Development Center). Syncom 2, launched in 1963, was the world's first geosynchronous communications satellite. Syncom 3, launched in 1964, was the world's first geostationary satellite.

In the 1980s, the series was continued as Syncom IV with some much larger satellites, also manufactured by Hughes. They were leased to the United States military under the Leasat program.
Minuscule 28
Minuscule 28, formerly known as Colbertinus 4705, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. It is designated by the siglum 28 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε 168 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the 11th-century. It contains marginal notes (marginalia), and has several gaps.

Bible translations into Coptic
There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic: Bohairic (northern), Fayyumic, Sahidic (southern), Akhmimic and Mesokemic (middle). Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version.

The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period, after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language.

Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive. A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic, most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library. Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith.
Newton Tony
Newton Tony (formerly Newton Toney) is a rural English village and civil parish in the county of Wiltshire, close to the border with Hampshire. Situated in the Bourne Valley, Newton Tony is about 9 miles (14 km) north-east of its post town, Salisbury. Wilbury House, a Grade I listed 17th-century mansion, stands in parkland in the north of the parish. In 2011 the parish had a population of 381.

William Benson (architect)
William Benson (1682 – 2 February 1754) was a talented amateur architect and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1719. In 1718, he arranged to displace the aged Sir Christopher Wren as Surveyor of the King's Works, but his short time in that post was not a success.
Stability criterion
In control theory, and especially stability theory, a stability criterion establishes when a system is stable.  A number of stability criteria are in common use:

Circle criterion

Jury stability criterion

Liénard–Chipart criterion

Nyquist stability criterion

Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion

Vakhitov–Kolokolov stability criterion

Barkhausen stability criterion

Stability may also be determined by means of root locus analysis.

Although the concept of stability is general, there are several narrower definitions through which it may be assessed:

BIBO stability

Linear stability

Lyapunov stability

Orbital stability

Vakhitov–Kolokolov stability criterion
The Vakhitov–Kolokolov stability criterion is a condition for linear stability (sometimes called spectral stability) of solitary wave solutions to a wide class of U(1)-invariant Hamiltonian systems, named after Soviet scientists Aleksandr Kolokolov (Александр Александрович Колоколов) and Nazib Vakhitov (Назиб Галиевич Вахитов).
The condition for linear stability of a solitary wave  with frequency  has the form

where  is the charge (or momentum) of the solitary wave
,
conserved by Noether's theorem due to U(1)-invariance of the system.
KWPC
KWPC (860 AM) is a commercial radio station serving the Muscatine, Iowa area. The station broadcasts a classic country format. The station airs regular news, weather and sports coverage. KWPC is owned by Krieger Media Company.

The studio, transmitter, and broadcast tower are located at 3218 Mulberry Avenue in northwest Muscatine, behind Muscatine High School. The tower is 108 m (354 ft) tall. KWPC shares its tower with sister FM station KMCS.

Muscatine, Iowa
Muscatine (/ˌmʌskəˈtin/ MUSS-kə-TEEN) is a city in and the county seat of Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The population was 23,797 at the time of the 2020 census, an increase from 22,697 in 2000. It is located along the Mississippi River. The local business association states that the name Muscatine is not used by any other community.

Muscatine is the principal city of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area (2010 census population 54,132) as of 2011 the estimate was 54,184, which includes all of Muscatine and Louisa counties, making it the 283rd-largest micropolitan statistical area.
Ixodes affinis
Ixodes affinis is a species of tick in the genus Ixodes. Some reported hosts are:

Thryothorus ludovicianus (Georgia)

Blarina carolinensis (Georgia)

Scalopus aquaticus (Georgia)

Odocoileus virginianus (Georgia)

Oryzomys palustris (Georgia)

Peromyscus gossypinus (Georgia)

Sciurus carolinensis (Georgia)

Procyon lotor (Georgia)

Ixodes
Ixodes is a genus of hard-bodied ticks (family Ixodidae). It includes important disease vectors of animals and humans (tick-borne disease), and some species (notably Ixodes holocyclus) inject toxins that can cause paralysis. Some ticks in this genus may transmit the pathogenic bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi responsible for causing Lyme disease. Additional organisms that may be transmitted by Ixodes are parasites from the genus Babesia, which cause babesiosis, and bacteria from the related genus Anaplasma, which cause anaplasmosis.
Kisumu County
Kisumu County is one of 47 counties in the Republic of Kenya. Its borders follow those of the original Kisumu District, one of the former administrative districts of the former Nyanza Province in western Kenya. Its headquarters is Kisumu City which is the third largest city in Kenya after the capital Nairobi and the coastal city of Mombasa. It has a population of 1,155,574 (according to the 2019 National Census). The land area of Kisumu County totals 2085.9 km2.

Kisumu County's neighbours are Siaya County to the West, Vihiga County to the North, Nandi County to the North East and Kericho County to the East. Its neighbour to the South is Nyamira County and Homa Bay County is to the South West. The county has a shoreline on Lake Victoria, occupying northern, western and a part of the southern shores of the Winam Gulf.

Siaya County
Siaya County is one of the counties in the former Nyanza Province in western Kenya. It is bordered by Busia County to the north, Kakamega County, and Vihiga County to the northeast and Kisumu County to the southeast. It shares a water border with Homa Bay County which is located south of Siaya County. The total area of the county is approximately 2,496.1 km2. The county lies between latitude 0° 26' to 0° 18' north and longitude 33° 58' and 34° 33' east. Siaya has been split up into six new districts (sub-counties). Under the 2010 Constitution, the role of the districts is still unclear as much of the administrative authority was transferred to the county.
The capital is Siaya, town, although the largest town is Bondo.
Andala Ramudu (1973 film)
Andala Ramudu is a 1973 Telugu-language comedy drama film, produced by N. S. Murthy under the Chitra Kalpana banner and directed by Bapu. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Latha   and music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. The film is based on Mullapudi Venkata Ramana's Janata Express (novel). The film is the debut to veteran artists Nutan Prasad and Latha. The film won two Nandi Awards. The film has given enthusiastically drawing atmosphere and spirit to the movie Godavari (2006), directed by Sekhar Kammula.

Latha (actress)
Latha Sethupathi, also known as Latha, is an Indian actress who starred in leading roles in South Indian films from 1973 to 1983. Latha became popular through her roles opposite MGR. She is also known for her roles in various Tamil television series.