hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coringa-Herald National Nature Reserve
Coringa-Herald National Nature Reserve is a former nature reserve in Australia’s Coral Sea Islands Territory that was incorporated into the new Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve in December 2012.  The former nature reserve together with the Lihou Reef National Nature Reserve is part of the Coral Sea Reserves Ramsar Site. Its extent is also within the Coringa-Herald Reefs Important Bird Area.

Coral Sea Islands
The Coral Sea Islands Territory is an external territory of Australia which comprises a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, north-east of Queensland, Australia. The only inhabited island is Willis Island. The territory covers 780,000 km2 (301,160 sq mi), most of which is ocean, extending east and south from the outer edge of the Great Barrier Reef and includes Heralds Beacon Island, Osprey Reef, the Willis Group and fifteen other reef and island groups. Cato Island is the highest point in the Territory.
Våler Municipality (Innlandet)
Våler is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Solør. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Våler. Other villages in Våler include Braskereidfoss, Gravberget, and Risberget.

The 705-square-kilometre (272 sq mi) municipality is the 164th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Våler Municipality is the 214th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,559. The municipality's population density is 5 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.1% over the previous 10-year period.

Trysil Municipality
Trysil is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Innbygda. Other villages in the municipality include Nybergsund, Østby, Plassen, and Tørberget.

The 3,014-square-kilometre (1,164 sq mi) municipality is the 15th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Trysil Municipality is the 152nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,542. The municipality's population density is 2.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Rauf
Rauf or Rawuf (Arabic: رَؤُوف ra’ūf or rawūf) is an Arabic male given name or surname which is a noun and the exaggerated form of the name Raif (or Raef) meaning "kind, affectionate, benign", "sympathetic, merciful" or compassionate.

The name comes from the Arabic verb ra’afa (رَأَفَ) "to have compassion for, have mercy upon, be merciful toward".

However, the name Rauf is an exaggerated form and Raif is an agent noun which is also exaggerated in nature.

The name is also one of the names of Allah, al-Ra'uf or commonly "Ar-Ra'uf/ Rawuf", meaning "the Kind, the Pitying" or "Most Kind, the Ever-Compassionate".

Raif
Raif, Raaif, sometimes Raef (Arabic: رَائِف rā’if) is an Arabic male given name or used as a surname meaning "kind, compassionate, affectionate, benign" or "sympathetic, merciful".

The name comes from the Arabic verb ra’afa (رَأَفَ) "to have compassion for, have mercy upon, be merciful toward" and stems from the noun ra’ūf or rawūf (رَؤُوفَ) which is also used as the male given name Rauf. Other written variants are Ra'ef, Rayif or Raefe. Notable people with the name include:
Denizli Province
Denizli Province (Turkish: Denizli ili) (Turkish pronunciation: [deniz'ʎi iʎi]) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey in Western Anatolia, on high ground above the Aegean coast. Neighbouring provinces are Uşak to the north, Burdur, Isparta, Afyon to the east, Aydın, Manisa to the west and Muğla to the south. It is located between the coordinates 28° 30’ and 29° 30’ E and 37° 12’ and 38° 12’ N. Its area is 12,134 km2, and its population is 1,056,332 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Denizli.

Manisa Province
Manisa Province (Turkish: Manisa ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in western Turkey. Its area is 13,339 km2, and its population is 1,468,279 (2022). Its neighboring provinces are İzmir to the west, Aydın to the south, Denizli to the southeast, Uşak to the east, Kütahya to the northeast, and Balıkesir to the north. The city of Manisa is the seat and capital of the province. The traffic code is 45.
Fort St. James
Fort St. James is a district municipality and former fur trading post in northern central British Columbia, Canada. It is located on the south-eastern shore of Stuart Lake in the Omineca Country, at the northern terminus of Highway 27, which connects to Highway 16 at Vanderhoof.

It is home to the John Prince Research Forest which features abundant wildlife. This community celebrated its bicentennial in 2016 and is incorporated as a district municipality.

Simon Fraser (explorer)
Simon Fraser (20 May 1776 – 18 August 1862) was a Canadian explorer and fur trader who charted much of what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia. He also built the first European settlement in British Columbia.

Employed by the Montreal-based North West Company, he had been by 1805 put in charge of all of the company's operations west of the Rocky Mountains. He was responsible for building that area's first trading posts, and in 1808, he explored what is now known as the Fraser River, which bears his name. Fraser's exploratory efforts were partly responsible for Canada's boundary later being established at the 49th parallel (after the War of 1812) since he, as a British subject, was the first European to establish permanent settlements in the area. According to the historian Alexander Begg, Fraser "was offered a knighthood but declined the title due to his limited wealth."
Metro Junior A Hockey League
The Metro Junior "A" Hockey League was a junior level ice hockey league based out of Southern Ontario. The league originated in 1956 as the Metro Junior "B" Hockey League, which lasted until 1991, when it changed its designation from Junior B to Junior A. It remained a Jr. A league from 1991 until 1998 when it was absorbed by the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League.

Canadian Junior Hockey League
The Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL) is an association of Canadian junior A ice hockey leagues and teams and was formed in November 1993, emerging from the Canada West Association of Junior 'A' Hockey.  The champion of the Canadian Junior Hockey League wins the Centennial Cup.

The CJHL spans the majority of Canada, from the Prairies to the Atlantic Coast.  The only regional organizations of Hockey Canada to currently not have member teams or a league are BC Hockey, Hockey Newfoundland and Labrador (Hockey NL), and Hockey North.  In addition to BC Hockey, Hockey NL, and Hockey North, Hockey New Brunswick and Hockey PEI do not have their own leagues, but have teams from their region playing under Hockey Nova Scotia within the Maritime Junior Hockey League (MHL).
Kamchatka constituency
The Kamchatka constituency (No.45) is a Russian legislative constituency in Kamchatka Krai. The constituency encompasses the entire territory of Kamchatka Krai.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Irina Yarovaya, Deputy Chairwoman of the State Duma and four-term State Duma member, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Konstantin Slyshchenko.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Trollvatnet
Trollvatnet is a lake that lies in Sørfold Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 3.88-square-kilometre (1.50 sq mi) lake is located northeast of the Sagfjorden, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the village of Mørsvikbotn.

Sørfold Municipality
Sørfold (Norwegian) or Fuolldá (Lule Sami) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the  traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Straumen. Other villages in the municipality include Leirfjordgården, Mørsvikbotn, Røsvika, Rørstad, Styrkesvik, and Øvre Kvarv. The municipality surrounds the Sørfolda fjord and stretches east to the border with Sweden.

The 1,637-square-kilometre (632 sq mi) municipality is the 48th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Sørfold is the 290th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,858. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Phaedra (Cabanel)
Phaedra is an oil-on-canvas painting executed in 1880 by the French academic painter Alexandre Cabanel. It was exhibited in the Salon of 1880 and later donated by Cabanel to the Musée Fabre, located in his hometown of Montpellier. Phaedra is a large painting of a classical subject in literature, which can be attributed to Cabanel's studies in the Paris École des Beaux-Arts. As Cabanel's painting career developed, he expanded his style to preserve the French Academy while appealing to his personal interests in literature, often depicting new perspectives in contradiction with tradition. Alexandre Cabanel's painting of Phaedra exemplifies his depiction in academic paintings of theatrical heroines.

Alexandre Cabanel
Alexandre Cabanel (French: [alɛksɑ̃dʁ(ə) kabanɛl]; 28 September 1823 – 23 January 1889) was a French painter. He painted historical, classical and religious subjects in the academic style. He was also well known as a portrait painter. He was Napoleon III's preferred painter and, with Gérôme and Meissonier, was one of "the three most successful artists of the Second Empire."
Salcey Forest
Salcey Forest is a fragment of a former medieval hunting forest east of the village of Hartwell, between Northampton and Newport Pagnell in Northamptonshire. It is managed by Forestry England and to promote biodiversity, and is also commercially exploited for timber products. The eastern third of the forest, an area of 159.6 hectares, is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

Hartwell, Northamptonshire
Hartwell is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England, bordering Buckinghamshire. The village is next to Salcey Forest and the M1 motorway. It is 7 miles (11 km) south of Northampton and 13 miles (21 km) north of Milton Keynes.

The villages name means 'Hart spring/stream'.
Raimundo Soto
Edmundo Rey Kelly (known as Raimundo Soto; 1914 in Montevideo, Uruguay – July 7, 1983 in Montevideo, Uruguay) was an Uruguayan actor during the country's Golden Age of film.

He also starred several television comedy shows in Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and other Latin American countries, together with a famous group of Uruguayans: Ricardo Espalter, Enrique Almada, Eduardo D'Angelo, Andrés Redondo, Berugo Carámbula, Henny Trayles, Julio Frade.

Soto worked as an announcer created a disc jockey and entertainment program on Uruguayan Radio, Centenario. also in previews year was co-owner with his Brother Mario Reykelly of Advertising Company call Reykelly & Berens Advertise.

Ricardo Espalter
Ricardo Espalter Arrieta (14 April 1924 – 10 March 2007) was a Uruguayan actor and comedian. During his career spanning more than 40 years in film, theater, and television, he was especially noted for his performances in sketch comedy programs in Uruguay and Argentina, where he portrayed particularly memorable characters.
Francesco Sarcina
Francesco Sarcina (Italian pronunciation: [franˈtʃesko ˈsartʃina]; born 30 October 1976) is an Italian singer-songwriter, best known for being the frontman of rock band Le Vibrazioni.

Besides his activity with Le Vibrazioni, he started a solo career in 2013 with the single "Tutta la notte". He released two studio albums, Io (2014) and Femmina (2015). Sarcina participated in the Sanremo Music Festival four times as a member of Le Vibrazioni (2005, 2018, 2020, 2022) and one time as a solo artist in 2014, with the song "Nel tuo sorriso".

Le Vibrazioni
Le Vibrazioni (English: "The Vibrations") is an Italian rock and pop band formed in Milan in 1999. They made their breakthrough in 2003 with their debut single Dedicato a te ("Dedicated to you"), which went platinum in Italy.
Pinnacle Systems
Pinnacle Systems, Inc., was an American manufacturer of digital video hardware and software for the mainstream and broadcast markets. Pinnacle was a pioneer of using computer workstations for video production and was the top player in the burgeoning field of digital video effects units for a number of years in the 1990s. The company was founded in 1986 in California by Ajay Chopra (CEO), Mirek Jiricka, and Randall Moore.

Pinnacle Studio
Pinnacle Studio is a video editing program originally developed by Pinnacle Systems as consumer-level software. Upon Pinnacle System's acquisition of Munich-based FAST Multimedia, Pinnacle integrated the professional code base of FAST's editing software, (since re-branded as Pinnacle Liquid) beginning with Pinnacle Studio version 10. It was acquired by Avid and later  by Corel in July 2012. Pinnacle Studio allows users to author video content in Video CD, DVD-Video, AVCHD or Blu-ray format, add complementary menus and burn them to disc.

In the second half of 2007, Pinnacle introduced VideoSpin, a shareware version of Studio with fewer features; it was discontinued in March 2009.
Austefjord
Austefjorden is a small fjord which branches off of the main Voldsfjorden in Volda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) long fjord lies in the Sunnmørsalpene mountains about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the mountain Eidskyrkja in the northeastern part of the municipality.  The Austefjorden and the Kilsfjorden join together to form the Voldsfjorden. The village of Fyrde is located at the innermost part of the fjord. There are several small peninsulas and outcroppings that jut out into the fjord, giving the fjord a meandering S-shaped path.

Volda Municipality
Volda is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative centre is the village of Volda. Other villages in the municipality include Dravlaus, Fyrde, Straumshamn, Leira, Bjørke, and Grodås. The municipality is located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of the town of Ålesund.

The 877-square-kilometre (339 sq mi) municipality is the 132nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Volda Municipality is the 104th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,093. The municipality's population density is 12.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (33/sq mi) and its population has increased by 9.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Keith Packard
Keith Packard (born April 16, 1963) is a software developer, best known for his work on the X Window System.

Packard is responsible for many X extensions and technical papers on X. He has been heavily involved in the development of X since the late 1980s as a member of the MIT X Consortium, XFree86 and the X.Org Foundation.

In 2011, O'Reilly awarded an open source award to Packard, as "the person behind most of the improvements made on the open source desktop in the last ten years at least." He is portrayed as one of the Faces of Open Source.

X.Org Server
X.Org Server is the free and open-source implementation of the X Window System (X11) display server stewarded by the X.Org Foundation.

Implementations of the client-side X Window System protocol exist in the form of X11 libraries, which serve as helpful APIs for communicating with the X server. Two such major X libraries exist for X11. The first of these libraries was Xlib, the original C language X11 API, but another C language X library, XCB, was created later in 2001. Other smaller X libraries exist, both as interfaces for Xlib and XCB in other languages, and as smaller standalone X libraries.

The services with which the X.Org Foundation supports X Server include the packaging of the releases; certification (for a fee); evaluation of improvements to the code; developing the web site, and handling the distribution of monetary donations. The releases are coded, documented, and packaged by global developers.
Gospel of Peter
The Gospel of Peter (Ancient Greek: τὸ κατὰ Πέτρον εὐαγγέλιον, romanized: tò katà Pétron euangélion), or the Gospel according to Peter, is an ancient text concerning Jesus Christ, only partially known today. Originally written in Koine Greek, it is a non-canonical gospel and was rejected as apocryphal by the Church's synods of Carthage and Rome, which contributed to the establishment of the New Testament canon. It was the first of the apocryphal gospels to be rediscovered, preserved in the dry sands of Egypt.

A major focus of the surviving fragment of the Gospel of Peter is the Passion narrative, which ascribes responsibility for the crucifixion of Jesus to Herod Antipas rather than to Pontius Pilate.

Arsuz
Arsuz (Arabic: أرسوز; Greek: Αρσούς) is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 462 km2, and its population is 101,233 (2022). It covers the southwestern part of the agglomeration of İskenderun and the adjacent countryside and coast. In ancient times, it was known as Rhosus (Ancient Greek: Ῥῶσός and Ῥωσός) and was a former bishopric and titular see.
Muzayrib
Muzayrib (Arabic: مُزَيْرِيب, also spelled Mzerib, Mzeireb, Mzereeb, Mezereeb or al-Mezereeb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northwest of Daraa on the Jordan–Syria border. Nearby localities include al-Shaykh Saad and Nawa to the north, Da'el, Tafas and al-Shaykh Maskin to the northeast, and al-Yadudah to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Muzayrib had a population of 12,640 in the 2004 census. The town is also the administrative center of the Muzayrib nahiyah (subdistrict) consisting of nine villages with a combined population of 72,625. Muzayrib also has a community of Palestinian refugees.

Al-Yadudah, Syria
Al-Yadudah (Arabic: اليادودة) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north-west of Daraa. Nearby localities include Tell Shihab to the west, Muzayrib to the northwest, Tafas to the west and Ataman to the east.
Rocca Pietore
Rocca Pietore is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) north of Venice and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Belluno. Its frazione of Sottoguda is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Willow Vale, New South Wales (Wingecarribee)
Willow Vale is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located 2 km north of Mittagong and is often considered part of Braemar along with its neighbour Balaclava.

According to the 2016 census, Willow Vale had a population of 717. At the 2021 census, 826 people were living at Willow Vale.

Balaclava, New South Wales
Balaclava (/ˈbæləˌklɑːvə/) is a Northern Village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is 1 km north-east of Mittagong. The village includes a service station, real estate, pre-school, nursery, doctor's surgery and antiques store. It is located in Wingecarribee Shire and is often considered part of Braemar along with its neighbour Willow Vale.
Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Deep Space Optical Communications
Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) is a laser space communication system in operation that improved communications performance 10 to 100 times over radio frequency technology without incurring increases in mass, volume or power. DSOC is capable of providing high bandwidth downlinks from beyond cislunar space.

The project is led by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. In April 2024, the system successfully communicated with the Psyche spacecraft at a distance of 140 million miles.

Laser communication in space
Laser communication in space is the use of free-space optical communication in outer space. Communication may be fully in space (an inter-satellite laser link) or in a ground-to-satellite or satellite-to-ground application. The main advantage of using laser communications over radio waves is increased bandwidth, enabling the transfer of more data in less time.

In outer space, the communication range of free-space optical communication is currently of the order of hundreds of thousands of kilometers. Laser-based optical communication has been demonstrated between the Earth and Moon and it has the potential to bridge interplanetary distances of millions of kilometers, using optical telescopes as beam expanders.