hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1921 Massawa earthquake
The 1921 Massawa earthquake took place off the coast of Massawa, Eritrea, on August 14 with a moment magnitude of 6.1 and a Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). The first aftershock after the initial earthquake was of similar magnitude. Significant damage was caused to the harbour at Massawa with a number of deaths reported. Aftershocks were felt as far away as Asmara and Dekemhare.

Massawa
Massawa or Mitsiwa (/məˈsɑːwə/ mə-SAH-wə) is a port city in the Northern Red Sea region of Eritrea, located on the Red Sea at the northern end of the Gulf of Zula beside the Dahlak Archipelago. It has been a historically important port for many centuries. Massawa has been ruled or occupied by a succession of polities during its history, including the Dahlak Sultanate, the Ottoman Empire, the Khedivate of Egypt and the Kingdom of Italy.

Massawa was the capital of the Italian Colony of Eritrea until the seat of the colonial government was moved to Asmara in 1897.

Massawa has an average temperature of nearly 30 °C (86.0 °F), which is one of the highest experienced in the world, and is "one of the hottest marine coastal areas in the world."
Furfural
Furfural is an organic compound with the formula C4H3OCHO. It is a colorless liquid, although commercial samples are often brown. It has an aldehyde group attached to the 2-position of furan. It is a product of the dehydration of sugars, as occurs in a variety of agricultural byproducts, including corncobs, oat, wheat bran, and sawdust. The name furfural comes from the Latin word furfur, meaning bran, referring to its usual source. Furfural is derived only from dried biomass. In addition to ethanol, acetic acid, and sugar, furfural is one of the oldest known organic chemicals available readily purified from natural precursors.

Xylose
Xylose (cf. Ancient Greek: ξύλον, xylon, "wood") is a common monosaccharide, i.e. a simple sugar. Xylose is classified as aldopentose type, which means that it contains five carbon atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group, at least in its open-chain form.  It is abundant in biomass, and is one of the most abundant sugars in nature.  It is a white, water-soluble solid.
North American Society for the Study of Romanticism
The North American Society for the Study of Romanticism (NASSR) is an organization of scholars who hold conferences and publish a scholarly journal,   European Romantic Review (ERR).  The organization was founded at the University of Western Ontario in 1991, and its first conference was held in 1993. The society is not limited to North American members. The website notes that NASSR scholars "work in a wide range of disciplines, including History, Art History, Women's Studies, Philosophy, Music, Political Economy, and Literature; their interests encompass American, Canadian, English, French, German, Irish, Italian, Russian, Scottish, and Spanish Romanticism." Selected papers from NASSR's annual conference appear each year in a special issue of the academic journal European Romantic Review.

European Romantic Review
European Romantic Review (ERR) is a scholarly peer-review journal founded in 1990 and devoted to the interdisciplinary study of nineteenth-century culture.

Published six times a year by Taylor & Francis, ERR is closely linked with NASSR (The North American Society for the Study of Romanticism).
Next Libyan presidential election
A presidential election in Libya had originally been planned for 10 December 2018, but was delayed due to Khalifa Haftar's Western Libya campaign. The election was thereafter scheduled to be held on 24 December 2021 but was indefinitely postponed after the head of the High National Election Commission (HNEC) ordered the dissolution of the electoral committees nationwide.

House of Representatives (Libya)
The Libyan House of Representatives (HoR; Arabic: مجلس النواب, romanized: Majlis al-Nuwaab, lit. 'Council of Deputies') is the unicameral legislature of Libya, established following the 2014 parliamentary election, which recorded an 18% voter turnout.

Amid escalating conflict during the Second Libyan Civil War and the August 2014 Islamist takeover of Tripoli, the HoR relocated to the eastern city of Tobruk. Although based in Tobruk, several sessions were held in Tripoli in May 2019 while the capital was under armed assault, including the temporary appointment of an interim speaker. From 2014 to 2021, the HoR backed the Tobruk-based government led by Abdullah al-Thani. It later recognized the Government of National Unity (GNU) under Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh. In September 2021, the HoR passed a vote of no confidence against the GNU and subsequently appointed a rival administration, the Government of National Stability (GNS).
Palencia
Palencia (Spanish pronunciation: [paˈlenθja] ⓘ) is a city of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Palencia. As of 2024, it has a population of 76,578.

Located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, in the northern half of the Inner Plateau, the city lies on the left bank of the Carrión river.

At the regional level, Palencia forms part of an economic axis together with the cities of Valladolid and Burgos.

Antoninus of Pamiers
Saint Antoninus of Pamiers (French: Saint Antonin, Occitan: Sant Antoní, and Spanish: San Antolín) was an early Christian missionary and martyr, called the "Apostle of the Rouergue". His life is dated to the first, second, fourth, and fifth century by various sources since he is often confused with various other venerated Antonini. Today he is revered as the patron saint of Pamiers, Palencia, and Medina del Campo. His historicity and exact identity are in doubt.
Gorlic acid
Gorlic acid is a long-chain unsaturated carbocyclic fatty acid composed of 18 carbon atoms, featuring a five-membered cyclopentene ring and a cis-double bond in the position 6=7. The chemical formula is C18H30O2. In biochemistry, the compound is considered a rare fatty acid that is only found in some plants.

Hydnocarpus pentandrus
Hydnocarpus pentandrus (previously Hydnocarpus wightianus) or chaulmoogra is a medium-sized tree in the family Achariaceae. This dioecious tree grows up to 10m tall, in moist deciduous forests of Western Ghats in India.

Hydnocarpus wightiana seed oil has been widely used in traditional Indian medicine, especially in Ayurveda, and in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of leprosy. It entered early Western medicine in the nineteenth century before the era of sulfonamides and other antibiotics for the treatment of several skin diseases and leprosy. The oil was prescribed for leprosy as a mixture suspended in gum or as an emulsion.
Drawn (series)
Drawn is a casual game series developed by Big Fish Studios and distributed by Big Fish Games through their digital distribution portal.  The games are adventure games, with Hidden Objects and Puzzles elements.

Big Fish Games
Big Fish Games, Inc. is a casual game company based in Seattle with a regional office in Oakland, California, owned by BFG Entertainment. It is a developer and distributor of casual games for computers and mobile devices.

In 2016, the company was accused of knowingly deceiving customers into signing up for monthly purchases without informed consent. It was also the subject of a class action lawsuit over its app Big Fish Casino, resulting in a settlement of $155 million after a federal appeals court ruled that it constituted illegal online gambling.
Vendramino Bariviera
Vendramino Bariviera (25 October 1937 – 23 November 2001) was an Italian racing cyclist who competed in the individual road race at the 1960 Summer Olympics. After the Olympics he turned professional and won several stages of the Giro d'Italia in 1963, 1964 and 1966. He rode the 1964 Tour de France and retired in 1967. His younger brother Renzo was an Olympic basketball player.

Renzo Bariviera
Renzo Bariviera (born 16 February 1949) is a retired Italian professional basketball player. In 2012, he was inducted into the Italian Basketball Hall of Fame. His elder brother, Vendramino, was an Olympic cyclist.
2012 Budapest Grand Prix
The 2012 Budapest Grand Prix was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 17th edition of the Budapest Grand Prix, an International-level tournament on the 2012 WTA Tour. It took place at the Római Tennis Academy in Budapest, Hungary, from 30 April through 5 May 2012. First-seeded Sara Errani won the singles title.

2012 WTA Tour
The 2012 WTA Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2012 tennis season. The 2012 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions), and the tennis event at the Summer Olympic Games. Also included in the 2012 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Vauxite
Vauxite is a phosphate mineral with the chemical formula Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2·6(H2O).  It belongs to the laueite – paravauxite group, paravauxite subgroup, although Mindat puts it as a member of the vantasselite Al4(PO4)3(OH)3·9H2O group.  There is no similarity in structure between vauxite and paravauxite Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O  or metavauxite Fe3+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O, even though they are closely similar chemically  and all minerals occur together as secondary minerals.  Vauxite was named in 1922 for George Vaux Junior (1863–1927), an American attorney and mineral collector.

Phosphate mineral
Phosphate minerals are minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO3−4) anion, sometimes with arsenate (AsO3−4) and vanadate (VO3−4) substitutions, along with chloride (Cl−), fluoride (F−), and hydroxide (OH−) anions, that also fit into the crystal structure.

The phosphate class of minerals is a large and diverse group, however, only a few species are relatively common.
International Pitch and Putt Association
The International Pitch and Putt Association (IPPA) is one of the governing bodies for the sport of pitch and putt in the world, along with the Federation of International Pitch and Putt Associations (FIPPA).

Pitch and putt
Pitch and putt is an amateur sport very similar to, and derived from, golf, where the hole length is typically up to 90 metres (100 yd) and just 2–3 clubs are normally used. The game was organised and developed in Ireland during the early 20th century, before expanding through the 1940s, and is now played in dozens of countries.
Sagaing Fault
The Sagaing Fault is a major fault in Myanmar, a mainly continental right-lateral transform fault between the Indian plate and Sunda plate. It links the divergent boundary in the Andaman Sea with the zone of active continental collision along the Himalayan front.  It passes through the populated cities of Mandalay, Yamethin, Pyinmana, the capital Naypyidaw, Toungoo and Bago before dropping off into the Gulf of Martaban, running for a total length of over 1,400 km (870 mi).

1839 Ava earthquake
The 1839 Ava earthquake, also known as the Amarapura earthquake or Inwa earthquake, was a disastrous seismic event that struck present-day central Myanmar on March 23. This earthquake with an estimated moment magnitude as high as 8.3, was one of the largest in the country, since 1762. It was assigned a maximum of XI (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, and was felt in Rangoon and Bhamo. Damage was enormous in Ava, resulting in the death of hundreds.
Ozias Goodwin House
The Ozias Goodwin House is a historic house at 7 Jackson Avenue in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts.  It is a two-story brick rowhouse, three bays wide, with brownstone window sills and lintels.  The second floor windows are set just below the eave, a typical Federal period detail.  The house was built in 1795, and is one of Boston's rare surviving Federal period houses.  It was owned by Ozias Goodwin a ship's captain active in the East Indies trade.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

North End, Boston
The North End is a neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is the city's oldest residential community, having been inhabited since it was colonized in the 1630s. It covers 0.36 square miles (0.93 km2), but the neighborhood has nearly one hundred establishments and a variety of tourist attractions. It is known for its Italian American population and Italian restaurants.
West Tallahatchie High School
West Tallahatchie High School (WTHS) is a public high school in unincorporated Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, near Webb. A part of the West Tallahatchie School District, its nickname is "West Tally".

In addition to Webb, the district also serves the communities of Tutwiler, Sumner, and Glendora. Additionally, it includes the unincorporated areas of Brazil, Philipp, and Vance. The parts of the Minter City area in Tallahatchie County are in the West Tallahatchie district.

Students matriculate from R. H. Bearden Elementary School.

R. H. Bearden Elementary School
R. H. Bearden Elementary School is a public elementary school in unincorporated Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, near Sumner. It is a part of the West Tallahatchie School District.

In addition to Sumner, the district also serves the communities of Tutwiler, Webb, and Glendora. Additionally it includes the unincorporated areas of Brazil, Philipp, and Vance. The parts of the Mintner City area in Tallahatchie County are in the West Tallahatchie district. The school is named in honor of Rogers H. Bearden, a longtime educator and administrator in the West Tallahatchie School District.

Students matriculate to West Tallahatchie High School.
Hadoard
Hadoard or Hadoardus was a priest and presumed librarian (custos librorum) in Corbie Abbey during the ninth century. He is known for two surviving collectanea, or anthologies of extracts. One of these (now Vatican Reg. lat. 1762) draws primarily from the philosophical works of Cicero. It also contains excerpts from Macrobius and Martianus Capella, as well as an introductory poem of 112 lines that echoes classical poets. A collection of excerpts from St. Augustine and other patristic authorities is preserved in Paris, BnF n.a.l. 13381.

Corbie Abbey
Corbie Abbey is a former Benedictine monastery in Corbie, in present-day Picardy, France, dedicated to Saint Peter. It was founded by Balthild, the widow of Clovis II, who had monks sent from Luxeuil. The Abbey of Corbie became celebrated both for its library and the scriptorium.
Hatırla Sevgili
Hatırla Sevgili (Remember, Darling) was a popular but controversial Turkish TV series. The series started on October 27, 2006 on the Turkish TV channel ATV, aired on Friday evenings at 22:15 hrs local time. After 68 episodes, the final one was aired on June 6, 2008.  It has the spin-off series Bu Kalp Seni Unutur mu?.

Adnan Menderes
Ali Adnan Ertekin Menderes (Turkish: [adˈnan ˈmændeɾes]; 1899 – 17 September 1961) was a Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister of Turkey between 1950 and 1960. He was one of the founders of the Democrat Party (DP) in 1946, the fourth legal opposition party of Turkey. He was tried and hanged under the military junta after the 1960 coup d'état, along with two other cabinet members, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan. During his tenure, Turkey participated in the Korean War, and was admitted to NATO in 1952. He was the last Turkish political leader to be executed after a military coup. He is also one of the four political leaders of the Turkish Republic who have been honored with a mausoleum, the others being Kemal Atatürk, Süleyman Demirel, and Turgut Özal.
Weak operator topology
In functional analysis, the weak operator topology, often abbreviated WOT, is the weakest topology on the set of bounded operators on a Hilbert space , such that the functional sending an operator  to the complex number  is continuous for any vectors  and  in the Hilbert space.

Explicitly, for an operator  there is base of neighborhoods of the following type: choose a finite number of vectors , continuous functionals , and positive real constants  indexed by the same finite set . An operator  lies in the neighborhood if and only if  for all .

Equivalently, a net  of bounded operators converges to  in WOT if for all  and , the net  converges to .

Ultraweak topology
In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, the ultraweak topology, also called the weak-* topology, or weak-*  operator topology or σ-weak topology, is a topology on B(H), the space of bounded operators on a Hilbert space H.  B(H) admits a predual B*(H), the trace class operators on H.  The ultraweak topology is the weak-* topology so induced; in other words, the ultraweak topology is the weakest topology such that predual elements remain continuous on B(H).
Kantele
A kantele (Finnish: [ˈkɑntele]) or kannel (Finnish: [ˈkɑnːel]) is a traditional Finnish and Karelian plucked string instrument (chordophone). It belongs to the southeast Baltic box zither family known as the Baltic psaltery, along with the Estonian kannel, the Latvian kokles, the Lithuanian kanklės, and the Russian gusli.

Kannel (instrument)
Kannel (pronounced [ˈkɑnːel]) is an Estonian plucked string instrument (chordophone) belonging to the Baltic box zither family known as the Baltic psaltery along with Finnish kantele, Latvian kokles, Lithuanian kanklės, and Russian gusli. The Estonian kannel has a variety of traditional tunings. In Estonia, studying the kannel has made a resurgence after some years of decline.
Naval Strike Missile
The Naval Strike Missile (NSM; U.S designation RGM-184A) is an anti-ship and land-attack missile developed by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA).

The original Norwegian name was Nytt sjømålsmissil (literally "New sea target missile", indicating that it was the successor of the Penguin missile). The English marketing name Naval Strike Missile was adopted later. According to Kongsberg the NSM/JSM had been selected by Norway, Poland, Malaysia, Germany, the United States, Japan, Romania, Canada, Australia and Spain as of 2022. Subsequently, Denmark and the United Kingdom have also adopted the NSM.

The Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is a multi-role air-launched version of the NSM currently in development.

Type 23 frigate
The Type 23 frigate or Duke class is a class of frigates built for the United Kingdom's Royal Navy. The ships are named after British Dukes, thus leading to the class being commonly known as the Duke class. The first Type 23, HMS Norfolk, was commissioned in 1989, and the sixteenth, HMS St Albans was commissioned in June 2002. They form the core of the Royal Navy's destroyer and frigate fleet and serve alongside the Type 45 destroyers. They were designed for anti-submarine warfare, but have seen a range of duties. Eight Type 23 frigates remain in service with the Royal Navy, with three vessels having been sold to the Chilean Navy and five being retired since 2021.

The Royal Navy's Type 23 frigates will be replaced by the Type 26 Global Combat Ship and the Type 31 frigate. As of 2021 it is anticipated that HMS St Albans will be the last to retire from the Royal Navy, in 2035.
Discovery Science (Asian TV channel)
Discovery Science is a Southeast Asian pay television channel (excluding Malaysia, formerly including Malaysia) owned by Warner Bros. Discovery Asia-Pacific. The channel replaced Discovery Sci-Trek.Discovery Science rebranded along with Travel Channel in Southeast Asia on September 1, 2021.

On September 15, 2021, Astro moved the channel number of Discovery Science from 554 to 557. On October 1, 2021, Discovery Science ceased to broadcast on Astro due to a decision made following a review of the channel's performance. It was later replaced by BBC Earth.

On October 1, 2021, Discovery Science was launched in Indonesia via the cable provider TransVision, but is not available in MNC Vision and First Media.

A separate feed is run for India and other South Asian countries with timeshifted schedule.

Warner Bros. Discovery Asia-Pacific
Warner Bros. Discovery Asia-Pacific is a division of Warner Bros. Discovery that operates several television channels in Asia and Australasia, along with the Discovery+ streaming service.

In April 2022, WarnerMedia Entertainment Networks Asia-Pacific (founded in 1989) merged with Discovery Asia-Pacific (founded in 1994) after their owners, WarnerMedia (then owned by AT&T before being spun off), merged with Discovery, Inc. It has consequently been announced that Discovery+, which is currently available in India and was available in the Philippines, would be merged with HBO Go, to form simply Max on 19 November 2024.
Iraqi Turkmens
The Iraqi Turkmens (Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri, عراق تورکمنلری; Arabic: تركمان العراق), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, (Turkish: Irak Türkleri, عراق توركلری; Arabic: أتراك العراق) are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq. Their traditional homeland is in northern Iraq, with Kirkuk considered by them as their capital. They have close cultural ties with Turkey, and are closely related to Syrian Turkmen. Iraqi Turkmens in Iraq do not identify with the traditionally-nomadic Turkmens of Central Asia.

Kirkuk Governorate
Kirkuk Governorate or Kirkuk Province is a governorate in northern Iraq. The governorate has an area of 9,679 square kilometres (3,737 sq mi). In 2017, the estimated population was 1,259,561 people. The provincial capital is the city of Kirkuk. It is divided into four districts.

The province was named Kirkuk Governorate until 1976, when it was named At-Ta'mim Governorate, meaning "nationalization", referring to the national ownership of the regional oil and natural gas reserves. In 2006, the name "Kirkuk Governorate" was restored.
Dental therapist
A dental therapist is a member of the dental team who provides preventive and restorative dental care for children and adults. The precise role varies and is dependent on the therapist's education and the various dental regulations and guidelines of each country.

More than 50 countries allow dental therapists to provide some dental services. In the United States, dental therapists are allowed to operate in 13 states. The American Dental Association, the largest professional association of dentists in the United States, has lobbied against allowing dental therapists to practice while the Federal Trade Commission has advocated that more dental therapists would enable greater access to oral care and strengthen competition in dental services. Research shows that dental therapists provide greater access to dental care without undermining the quality of care or undermining health outcomes.

Dental sealant
Dental sealants (also termed pit and fissure sealants, or simply fissure sealants) are a dental treatment intended to prevent tooth decay. Teeth have recesses on their biting surfaces; the back teeth have fissures (grooves) and some front teeth have cingulum pits. It is these pits and fissures that are most vulnerable to tooth decay because food and bacteria stick in them and because they are hard-to-clean areas. Dental sealants are materials placed in these pits and fissures to fill them in, creating a smooth surface which is easy to clean. Dental sealants are mainly used in children who are at higher risk of tooth decay, and are usually placed as soon as the adult molar teeth come through.