hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.

United States Chess Federation
The United States Chess Federation (also known as US Chess or USCF) is the governing body for chess competition in the United States and represents the U.S. in The World Chess Federation (FIDE). USCF administers the official national rating system, awards national titles, sanctions over twenty national championships annually, and publishes two magazines: Chess Life and Chess Life Kids. The USCF was founded and incorporated in Illinois in 1939, from the merger of two older chess organizations.  It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Its membership as of 2024 was 112,000.
Commercial Iron Works
Commercial Iron Works was a manufacturing firm in Portland, Oregon, United States. Established in 1916, the company is best remembered today for its contribution to America's Emergency Shipbuilding Program during World War II.

Landing craft support
The Landing Craft, Support (Large) were two distinct classes of amphibious warfare vessels used by the United States Navy (USN) in the Pacific and the Royal Navy in World War II. The USN versions, which were later reclassified Landing Ship Support, Large, also performed radar picket duty and fire fighting.
Treehouse attachment bolt
Treehouse attachment bolts or TABs are specialized bolts engineered for treehouse construction.
Various models and trademarks exist, with names such as Garnier limbs (GLs); tree anchor bolts; artificial limbs; heavy limbs or hyper limbs (HLs); special tree fastener or stud tree fastener (STFs).

They may be either of through fastener style (for smaller trees) or side mount type for larger ones.

Tree house
A tree house, tree fort or tree shed, is a platform or building constructed around, next to or among the trunk or branches of one or more mature trees while above ground level. Tree houses can be used for recreation, work space, habitation, a hangout space and observation. People occasionally connect ladders or staircases to get up to the platforms.
Monocalcium aluminate
Monocalcium aluminate (CaAl2O4) is one of the series of calcium aluminates.  It does occur in nature, although only very rarely, as two polymorphs known as krotite and dmitryivanovite, both from meteorites. It is important in the composition of calcium aluminate cements.

Calcium aluminate cements
Calcium aluminate cements are cements consisting predominantly of hydraulic calcium aluminates.  Alternative names are "aluminous cement", "high-alumina cement", and "Ciment fondu" in French. They are used in a number of small-scale, specialized applications.
Prague 14
Prague 14 is a municipal district in Prague since 1994. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city, east of district Prague 9. It consists of four cadastres: Hloubětín (part), Kyje, Černý Most and Hostavice.

The administrative district (správní obvod) of the same name consists of municipal districts Prague 14 and Dolní Počernice.

Two notable historic buildings can be found in the district: Saint Bartholomew church in Kyje and Saint George church in Hloubětín, both founded in the 13th century.

Černý Most
Černý Most (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛrniː ˈmost], lit. 'Black Bridge') is a large panel housing estate in the north-east of Prague, belonging to Prague 14. At the end of 2013 it was home to 22,355 residents. As well as residential complexes, the area has a large retail park with the same name.
Canon EOS 6D Mark II
The Canon EOS 6D Mark II is a 26.2-megapixel full-frame digital single-lens reflex camera announced by Canon on June 29, 2017.

Impressions from the Canon press event were mixed, with many saying the camera is "a sizeable upgrade, but feels dated". Critics point out that the EOS 6D Mark II does not support 4K video shooting and its 45 AF points are dense around the center, resulting in slower focus and recompose maneuvers when photographing moving subjects.

Canon discontinued production of the EOS 6D Mark II around mid-February 2024.

Full-frame DSLR
A full-frame DSLR is a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) with a 35 mm image sensor format (36 mm × 24 mm). Historically, 35 mm was one of the standard film formats, alongside larger ones, such as medium format and large format. Many digital cameras, both compact and SLR models, use a smaller-than-35 mm frame as it is easier and cheaper to manufacture imaging sensors at a smaller size. Historically, the earliest digital SLR models, such as the Nikon NASA F4 or Kodak DCS 100, also used a smaller sensor.

Kodak states that 35 mm film (note: in "Academy format", 21.0 mm × 15.2 mm) has the equivalent of 6K horizontal resolution, according to a senior vice president of IMAX. This equates to 10K horizontal resolution in full-frame size.
Kirkia
Kirkia is a genus of plant in family Kirkiaceae. It was previously placed in family Simaroubaceae, but was transferred into Kirkiaceae, together with Pleiokirkia, because these genera produce neither quassinoids nor limonoids.

The genus name of Kirkia is in honour of Sir John Kirk, GCMG, KCB, FRS (1832–1922), who was a physician, naturalist, companion to explorer David Livingstone, and British administrator in Zanzibar.

Kirkiaceae
Kirkiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. It comprises one (or two) genera, Kirkia (and Pleiokirkia now included in Kirkia), totalling six species. These two genera were previously placed in family Simaroubaceae, but were transferred into their own family because they produce neither quassinoids nor limonoids. Kirkia is named for Captain John Kirk (explorer) of the famous Zambesi Expedition.

They occur along the east coast of Africa, and in Madagascar.
Provincial Highway 1 (Taiwan)
Provincial Highway 1 (Chinese: 台1線; pinyin: Tái Yī Xiàn) is a 461.081 km (286.502 mi)-long Taiwanese provincial highway that starts in the north of the country near Taipei Main Station and ends in the south at Fangshan, Pingtung County. It intersects with Provincial Highway 9 and Provincial Highway 26. Before the freeway system was built in Taiwan, this was the primary north-south highway for the island. The highway connects most of the major cities in Taiwan. In most parts of Taiwan, the road is known as The North-South Highway (縱貫公路).

Kilometre posts on the highway count south from Taipei.

Highway system in Taiwan
Highways in Taiwan are classified into five types:

The system does not apply to other parts of Taiwan, namely Kinmen and Lienchiang counties, and islands in the South China Sea.

Expressways in Taiwan may be controlled-access highways similar to National Freeways or limited-access roads. Most have urban roads 
and intra-city expressways (as opposed to Highway system) status, although some are built and maintained by cities.
WRHT
WRHT (96.3 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station broadcasting a talk radio format.  It is licensed to Morehead City, North Carolina, and it serves the New Bern and Jacksonville areas of Eastern North Carolina.  It is owned by Inner Banks Media, with studios and offices on West Arlington Boulevard in Greenville.  Most WRHT programming is simulcast with sister station WTIB (103.7 FM) in Williamston.

WRHT has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations in the U.S.  The transmitter is on Landfill Road at Hibbs Road in Newport.

Morehead City, North Carolina
Morehead City is a port city in Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 8,661 at the 2010 census. Morehead City celebrated the 150th anniversary of its founding on May 5, 2007. It forms part of the Crystal Coast.
Leirbotn
Leirbotn is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Altafjorden, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) west of the European route E06 highway in the northeastern part of Alta Municipality. The village, together with Kviby and Krokelv, form a little urban area about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of the town of Alta. Leirbotn Church is located in this village.

Leirbotn Church
Leirbotn Church (Norwegian: Leirbotn kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Leirbotn. It is one of the churches for the Talvik parish which is part of the Alta prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a rectangular style in 1993 using plans drawn up by the architect Peer Stockholm. The church seats about 160 people.
Gwangju Airport
Gwangju Airport (IATA: KWJ, ICAO: RKJJ) is an airport in Gwangju, South Korea, and is managed by the Korea Airports Corporation. In 2018, 1,986,125 passengers used the airport. This airport is planned to close when Muan International Airport becomes more established. Because Gwangju Airport is sharing location with a military base, taking photographs or videos of the apron, runway or military facility is strictly prohibited.

Muan International Airport
Muan International Airport (IATA: MWX, ICAO: RKJB) is an international airport in Muan County, South Jeolla Province, South Korea. Construction of the airport began in 1997, and the airport opened on 9 November 2007. The airport serves the province of South Jeolla, especially the cities of Gwangju, Mokpo, and Naju. It replaced the nearby Mokpo Airport, and is expected to replace the nearby Gwangju Airport as well. The airport is managed by Korea Airports Corporation and served 543,247 passengers in 2018.
Manukau railway station
Manukau railway station is a major railway station in Manukau, a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand, and located in the campus of the Manukau Institute of Technology.

It is the terminus station for Eastern Line services between Manukau and Waitematā in central Auckland. Access from the station to ground level and to surrounding streets is by stairs, lift or escalator to the ground floor of the 7-level campus building.

Manukau
Manukau (/ˈmɑːnʊˌkaʊ/), or Manukau Central, is a suburb of  South Auckland, New Zealand. Centred on the Manukau City Centre business district, it is located 23 kilometres south of the Auckland Central Business District. Manukau is situated south of Papatoetoe, south-west of Flat Bush, and north of Manurewa and Wiri.

Manukau's name originates from the Manukau Harbour and means "only birds" ("manu kau") in Māori. Prior to the suburb, the name Manukau was given to the much larger districts Manukau County (1876–1965) and Manukau City (1965–2010).

The headquarters of Manukau City Council were in Manukau Central until the council was merged into Auckland Council in November 2010. Manukau Central should not be confused with Manukau City, which was the entire area administered by the city council.
Jack's Reef, New York
Jack's Reef is a hamlet in the Town of Van Buren, New York in Onondaga County, United States. It was developed around an inn where Old Route 31 (supplanted by modern NY Route 31) bent around a large oxbow in the Seneca River. Subsequently, a canal was cut approximately one mile to the north, which shortened the navigation route. Consequently, Jack's Reef lost virtually all commercial and much recreational traffic. The nearby Seneca River still attracted summer residents, however. Today year-round homes are being built nearby, as the hamlet is within commuting range of Syracuse.

An archeological site was first excavated in Jack's Reef beginning in the 1930s. Artifacts found date to the Middle Woodland period.

Onondaga County, New York
Onondaga County (/ˌɒnənˈdɑːɡə/ ON-ən-DAH-gə) is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 476,516. The county seat is Syracuse. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Onondaga County is the core of the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Kolodzei Art Foundation
The Kolodzei Art Foundation, Inc. promotes the contemporary art of Russia and Eastern Europe. The Kolodzei Art Foundation often utilizes the artistic resources of the Kolodzei Collection of Russian and Eastern European Art, one of the world's largest private collections, with over 7,000 artworks by over 300 artists from Russia, Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.

The Foundation has held exhibitions at such museums as the Hermitage Museum, the State Tretyakov Gallery, the State Russian Museum, the Central House of Artists, National Center for Contemporary Art, Harriman Institute at Columbia University, MARS Contemporary Art Center, the Chelsea Art Museum, the Leepa-Rattner Museum of Art, the Bergen Museum of Art and Science, the MADI Museum, and elsewhere.

Ilya Kabakov
Ilya Iosifovich Kabakov (Ukrainian: Ілля Йосипович Кабаков; Russian: Илья́ Ио́сифович Кабако́в; September 30, 1933 – May 27, 2023) was an American and Soviet conceptual artist, born in Dnipropetrovsk in what was then the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union, now Ukraine. He worked for thirty years in Moscow, from the 1950s until the late 1980s. After emigrating to the United States he lived and worked on Long Island.
Dallas City, Illinois
Dallas City is a city in Hancock and Henderson counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population in 2020 stands at an estimate of 805, a decline from the 2010 census of 945, which was a decline from 1,055 in 2000.

The Hancock County portion of Dallas City is part of the Fort Madison–Keokuk, IA–IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, and the Henderson County portion of Dallas City is part of the Burlington, IA–IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Henderson County, Illinois
Henderson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it has a population of 6,387. Its county seat is Oquawka. Henderson County is part of the Burlington, IA–IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Diocese of Little Rock
The Diocese of Little Rock (Latin: Dioecesis Petriculana) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church for Arkansas in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Oklahoma City. The seat of the diocese is the Cathedral of St. Andrew in Little Rock.

Albert Lewis Fletcher
Albert Lewis Fletcher (October 28, 1896 – December 6, 1979) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Little Rock in Arkansas from 1946 to 1972.  He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the same diocese from 1939 to 1946.
Golden Bull of Rimini
The Golden Bull of Rimini was a decree issued by Emperor Frederick II in Rimini in March 1226 that granted and confirmed the privilege of territorial conquest and acquisition for the Teutonic Order in Prussia. According to historian Tomasz Jasiński, the bull was backdated and had actually been issued in 1235. It represents the first of a series of three documents, that include the Treaty of Kruschwitz of 1230 and the Papal Golden Bull of Rieti of 1234.

Konrad I of Masovia
Konrad I of Masovia (ca. 1187/88 – 31 August 1247), from the Polish Piast dynasty, was the sixth Duke of Masovia and Kuyavia from 1194 until his death as well as High Duke of Poland from 1229 to 1232 and from 1241 to 1243.
Orbexilum virgatum
Orbexilum virgatum, commonly known as the pineland leather-root or slender leather-root, is a flowering plant that grows in Georgia and northeast Florida. It is a perennial, grows 30-60cm tall with 3-8cm long leaves and has purple to dark-blue flowers. It is in the Orbexilum genus and Fabaceae family. It grows in pineland savannahs. It is endangered. It has also been classified as Psoralea virgata and Lotodes virgata. It has also been referred to as pineland scurfpea.

Orbexilum
Orbexilum, commonly called leather-root, is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family (Fabaceae). They are native to North America, where they are found in the United States and Mexico, south to Chiapas.

This genus can be distinguished from other genera in the Psoraleeae by its "thick glabrous pod walls that are distinctively rugose and by [a] calyx that is scarcely accrescent."
Sungei Kadut
Sungei Kadut (IPA: /ˈsʊŋaɪ ˌkɑːdoʊt, -ʊt/ SUUNG-eye KAH-doht or KAH-duut, Malay pronunciation: [suŋai kadot̚]) is an industrial estate and planning area located in the North Region of Singapore. It is bounded by Bukit Panjang and Choa Chu Kang to the south, Mandai to the east, as well as Lim Chu Kang and the Western Water Catchment to the west. Its northern boundary is defined by the Straits of Johor. Sungei Kadut is divided into five subzones, namely Kranji, Turf Club, Gali Batu, Pang Sua and Reservoir View.

Sungei Kadut MRT station
Sungei Kadut MRT station (IPA: /ˈsʊŋaɪ ˌkɑːdoʊt/ SUUNG-eye KAH-doht) is a future Mass Rapid Transit interchange station on the North–South (NSL) and Downtown (DTL) lines, located in Sungei Kadut, Singapore. The station was first announced as a provisional station on the NSL Woodlands Extension in the 1990s. In 2019, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) confirmed plans for its construction as part of the Land Transport Master Plan (LTMP) 2040. The station is expected to be completed in 2035.
Evolute
In the differential geometry of curves, the evolute of a curve is the locus of all its centers of curvature. That is to say that when the center of curvature of each point on a curve is drawn, the resultant shape will be the evolute of that curve. The evolute of a circle is therefore a single point at its center.  Equivalently, an evolute is the envelope of the normals to a curve.

The evolute of a curve, a surface, or more generally a submanifold, is the caustic of the normal map. Let M be a smooth, regular submanifold in Rn. For each point p in M and each vector v, based at p and normal to M, we associate the point p + v. This defines a Lagrangian map, called the normal map. The caustic of the normal map is the evolute of M.

Evolutes are closely connected to involutes: A curve is the evolute of any of its involutes.

Envelope (mathematics)
In geometry, an envelope of a planar family of curves is a curve that is tangent to each member of the family at some point, and these points of tangency together form the whole envelope. Classically, a point on the envelope can be thought of as the intersection of two "infinitesimally adjacent" curves, meaning the limit of intersections of nearby curves. This idea can be generalized to an envelope of surfaces in space, and so on to higher dimensions.

To have an envelope, it is necessary that the individual members of the family of curves are differentiable curves as the concept of tangency does not apply otherwise, and there has to be a smooth transition proceeding through the members. But these conditions are not sufficient – a given family may fail to have an envelope. A simple example of this is given by a family of concentric circles of expanding radius.
GJ 1214
GJ 1214 (sometimes Gliese 1214) is a dim M4.5 red dwarf star in the constellation Ophiuchus with an apparent magnitude of 14.7. It is located at a distance of 47.8 light-years (14.7 parsecs) from Earth. GJ 1214 hosts one known exoplanet.

Ophiuchus
Ophiuchus (/ˌɒfiˈjuːkəs/) is a large constellation straddling the celestial equator. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek ὀφιοῦχος (ophioûkhos), meaning "serpent-bearer", and it is commonly represented as a man grasping a snake. The serpent is represented by the constellation Serpens. Ophiuchus was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. An old alternative name for the constellation was Serpentarius.
Rosemary Verey
Rosemary Verey, OBE, VMH (21 December 1918 in Chatham, Kent – 31 May 2001 in Cheltenham) was an English garden designer, lecturer and garden writer who designed the notable garden at Barnsley House, near Cirencester in Gloucestershire, England.

Victoria Medal of Honour
The Victoria Medal of Honour (VMH) is awarded to British horticulturists resident in the United Kingdom whom the Royal Horticultural Society Council considers deserving of special honour by the Society.

The award was established in 1897 "in perpetual remembrance of Her Majesty's glorious reign, and to enable the Council to confer honour on British horticulturists." The Society's rules state that only sixty-three horticulturists can hold the VMH at any given time, in commemoration of the sixty-three years of Queen Victoria's reign. Therefore, the honour is not awarded every year, but may be made to multiple recipients in other years.
Benguela railway
The Benguela Railway (Portuguese: Caminho de Ferro de Benguela (CFB)) is a Cape gauge railway line that runs through Angola from west to east, being the largest and most important railway line in the country. It also connects to Tenke in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and to the Cape to Cairo Railway (connecting the city of Kindu (DRC) to the city of Port Elizabeth in South Africa).

The line terminates at the port of Lobito on the Atlantic coast, from where Angola exports a wide variety of products, including minerals (from the Copperbelt region), food, industrial components and livestock.

The section from Lobito to Luau is run by the Empresa do Caminho de Ferro de Benguela-E.P.  It crosses the Luao River, which lies on the border, to Dilolo (DRC). From there to Tenke, the railway is operated by the Société nationale des Chemins de fer du Congo.

Cape to Cairo Railway
The Cape to Cairo Railway is an unfinished project to create a railway line from southern to northern Africa. It would have been the largest and most important railway on the continent. It was planned as a link between Cape Town in South Africa and Port Said in Egypt.

The project was never completed. Completed parts have been inoperative for many years, as a result of wars and lack of maintenance by the former colonies and current governments.

The plan was initiated at the end of the 19th century, during the time of Western European colonial rule. It was largely based on the vision of Cecil Rhodes, an attempt to connect African colonies of the British Empire through a continuous railway line from Cape Town, South Africa to Cairo, Egypt.
Surfing on Sine Waves
Surfing on Sine Waves is a studio album by the musician and producer Richard D. James under the alias Polygon Window. It is the only album released under this name; James is better known as Aphex Twin. The record was released on 11 January 1993 through Warp Records. It entered the Dance Albums Chart at No. 2 on 23 January 1993. James' previous album, Selected Ambient Works 85‍–‍92, was then at No. 9 on the chart, and James briefly had two records in the Dance Albums Top 10 under different pseudonyms. The 2001 reissue edition includes the previously unreleased tracks "Portreath Harbour" and "Redruth School".

Selected Ambient Works 85–92
Selected Ambient Works 85–92 is the debut album by the British electronic music artist and producer Aphex Twin, whose real name is Richard D. James. It was released on 9 November 1992 through Apollo Records, a subsidiary of the Belgian label R&S Records. The album consists of ambient techno James recorded on cassette as early as 1985, when he was 13–14 years old. It received widespread acclaim and entered the Dance Albums Chart at No. 6 in December 1992.

Selected Ambient Works 85–92 is considered a classic, defining work of electronica. Music journalists have credited it with expanding the scope of ambient music and introducing techno to fans of indie music. The website AllMusic described it as "a masterpiece of ambient techno". Selected Ambient Works 85–92 has appeared on best-of lists; in 2012 the UK magazine Fact named it the greatest album of the 1990s.