hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moscow School for the Social and Economic Sciences
The Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences (Shaninka) (Russian: Московская высшая школа социальных и экономических наук) is a non-state university founded in 1995 by Teodor Shanin, a sociologist, peasant studies researcher, historian, and professor at the University of Manchester. Since 2011, the rector of MSSES is Sergey Zuev.

MSSES comprises 8 departments that implement 35 educational programs for bachelor's degree, master's degree, and professional retraining. Around 1000 people study in MSSES every year. The average admission score for undergraduate programs is 80.6 points. MSSES ranks 6th among public and private universities in the quality of admission process for fee-based programs.

Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science
The Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science (Rosobrnadzor; Russian: Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере образования и науки (Рособрнадзор), romanized: Federal'naya sluzhba po nadzoru v sfere obrazovaniya i nauki) is a Russian federal agency tasked with the supervision and control of national education and science. It was formed in 2004 and is an independent agency that functions as part of the Government of the Russian Federation.
471 Papagena
471 Papagena is an asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on 7 June 1901. Its provisional name was 1901 GN.

Papagena comes to a favorable near-opposition apparent magnitude of better than magnitude 9.8 every five years.  On 30 September 2010, it was magnitude 9.68 and it will get brighter every five years until 12 December 2035, when this late-to-be-discovered asteroid will be at magnitude 9.28. It is named for a character in Mozart's opera, The Magic Flute.

Max Wolf
Maximilian Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf (21 June 1863 – 3 October 1932) was a German astronomer and a pioneer in the field of astrophotography. He was the chairman of astronomy at the University of Heidelberg and director of the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory from 1902 until his death in 1932.
Loke Yew
Loke Yew CMG (Chinese: 陸佑; pinyin: Lù Yòu; Jyutping: Luk6 Jau6; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lio̍k Iū; 1845–1917), born Wong Loke Yew, was a Malayan business magnate of Cantonese descent. During his lifetime, he played a significant role in the development of Kuala Lumpur and was also one of the founding fathers of Victoria Institution in Kuala Lumpur.

Loke Cheng Kim
Loke Cheng Kim (simplified Chinese: 陆淑佳; traditional Chinese: 陸淑佳; pinyin: Lù Shújiā; Jyutping: Luk6 Suk6 Gaai1; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lio̍k Siok-ka; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Lu̍k Su̍k-kâi; 5 May 1895 – 1981) was a Malaysian–Singaporean businesswoman and philanthropist.
Aeroflot House
The Aeroflot House (Russian: Дом Аэрофлота) is a constructivist building in Tsentralny District of Novosibirsk, Russia. It is located on the corner of Krasny Avenue and Yadrintsevskaya Street. The building was built in the 1930s.

Yadrintsevskaya Street, Novosibirsk
Yadrintsevskya Street (Russian: Ядринцевская улица) is a street in Tsentralny City District of Novosibirsk, Russia. The street runs from the T-shaped intersection with Krasny Avenue, crosses Kamenskaya, Michurin and Shamshin Family streets, then branches into three streets: Potaninsky Lane, Yadrintsevsky Konny Spusk and Olga Zhilina Street.
HMS Comus (1806)
HMS Comus was a 22-gun Laurel-class sixth-rate post ship of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1806. In 1807 she took part in one notable single-ship action and was at the capture of Copenhagen. In 1815 she spent six months with the West Africa Squadron suppressing the slave trade during which time she captured ten slavers and freed 500-1,000 slaves. She was wrecked in 1816 with no loss of life.

Laurel-class post ship
The Laurel-class sailing sixth rates were a series of six post ships built to an 1805 design by Sir John Henslow. The first three were launched in 1806, two more in 1807, and the last in 1812. The vessels of the class served in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic War.
Gerald Amirault
Gerald A. "Tooky" Amirault (born March 1, 1954) is an American convicted in 1986 of child sexual abuse of eight children at the Fells Acres Day School in Malden, Massachusetts, run by his family. He and his family deny the charges, which supporters regard as a conspicuous example of day-care sex-abuse hysteria. Amirault was released from prison on parole on April 30, 2004.

Dorothy Rabinowitz
Dorothy Rabinowitz is a Pulitzer Prize winning American journalist and commentator.

She was born in New York City, and attained a bachelor's degree at Queens College.  She worked toward a doctorate at New York University from 1957 to 1960, but did not graduate. She has worked as editorial writer for the Wall Street Journal since June 1990 and has been a member of their editorial board since May 1996. She is a regular panelist on the Journal Editorial Report.
Mavesyn Ridware
Mavesyn Ridware is a village and civil parish in Lichfield District, Staffordshire, England. The parish had a population of 1,048 in 2001, increasing to 1,128 at the 2011 Census. It includes the villages of Hill Ridware, Rake End, Pipe Ridware and Blithbury, all of which lie between the River Trent and a small tributary, the River Blithe. To the east is the parish of Hamstall Ridware and to the south the larger village of Armitage.

Armitage
Armitage is a village in the Lichfield district, in Staffordshire, England, on the Trent and Mersey Canal south of Rugeley and north of Lichfield. With the village of Handsacre it forms the civil parish of Armitage with Handsacre, which had a population of 5,335 at the 2011 Census.

Armitage is the home of Armitage Shanks sanitary porcelain factory. Its parish church, St. John the Baptist church, is at the north end of the village. The organ of St John the Baptist church is of particular interest due to its size, age and history. The organ was built in 1789 for nearby Lichfield Cathedral, but moved here in 1865, commissioned by the then organist Josiah Spode (IV) who resided at nearby Hawkesyard estate, also known as Spode House. Armitage is served by Chaserider bus services 826 and 828 connecting to Lichfield, Rugeley and Stafford.
Third Dahal cabinet
The Dahal cabinet, 2022 or Third Dahal Cabinet was the former Government of Nepal, formed on 26 December 2022 after Pushpa Kamal Dahal was appointed as the new Prime Minister of Nepal by president Bidya Devi Bhandari, following the 2022 Nepalese general election.

Rastriya Prajatantra Party
The Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Nepali pronunciation: [rasʈrijʌ prʌˈd͡zatʌntrʌ ˈpa(r)ʈi]; Nepali: राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी, lit. 'National Democratic Party'; abbr. RPP, RaPraPa (Nepali: राप्रपा)) is a constitutional monarchist and Hindu nationalist political party in Nepal.

The party was formed by Panchayat era prime ministers Surya Bahadur Thapa and Lokendra Bahadur Chand in 1990. The party led two coalition governments in 1997 under Thapa and Chand. The two were also appointed prime minister by King Gyanendra in the 2000s; Chand in 2002 and Thapa in 2003.

Rajendra Prasad Lingden is currently serving as party chairman after being elected at the party's general convention in December 2021. Rastriya Prajatantra Party is currently the fifth-largest political party in the House of Representatives after winning 14 seats at the 2022 general election and is one of seven national parties recognized by the Election Commission.
Battle of Määritsa
The Battle of Määritsa (Estonian: Määritsa lahing), or the Battle of Osula (Estonian: Osula lahing), took place in Osula village, at that time in Võru County, Estonia. It began on the night of 31 March 1946, involving members of the Forest Brothers and Soviet occupation forces. Seven Estonian fighters based at the Hindrik farmhouse were besieged by up to 300 Soviet soldiers. The battle lasted about seven hours before the farmhouse caught fire and the Soviets demanded that the rebels surrender. Only two fighters managed to escape alive from the farmhouse, but were subsequently killed in battle with the besiegers.

Osula
Osula is a village in Võru Parish, Võru County, in southeastern Estonia. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 335.

The Battle of Määritsa was held in Osula village between the Estonian partisans Forest Brothers and Soviet occupation forces on 31 March 1946.

Chapel at Osula cemetery
Kiira Motors Corporation
Kiira Motors Corporation or KMC is a State Enterprise in Uganda established to champion the Development of the Domestic Automotive Value Chain for job and wealth creation and commercialize the Kiira Electric Vehicle Project. The Equity Partners are the Government of the Republic of Uganda represented by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. The office of the President holds 96 percent of the initial stock and Makerere University holds 4 percent.

Africa's first electric vehicle was developed under the Kiira Electric Vehicle Project in 2011. KMC developed Africa's first hybrid vehicle, the Kiira EVS, in 2014 and Africa's first solar electric bus, the Kayoola Solar Bus in 2016.

KMC's market entry products are the Kayoola EVS a Fully Electric Low Floor City Bus with a range of 300 kilometers on a full charge and the Kayoola Coach, a premium highway coach available in both electric and diesel powertrains.

National Enterprise Corporation
The National Enterprise Corporation (NEC) is a state-owned corporation in Uganda. It is the commercial arm of the Uganda People's Defence Force. NEC was established in 1989 by an act of the Parliament of Uganda. Its investments and activities include agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, services, and defense industry projects and companies.
Ytre Ramse
Ytre Ramse is a village in Åmli municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Tovdalsåna in the Tovdal valley. The village is about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) south of the village of Øvre Ramse and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northwest of the village of Dølemo. The Skjeggedal area lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the west (in the next valley).

Åmli
Åmli is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional region of Sørlandet. The main population centre and administrative center is the village of Åmli which lies along the river Nidelva. Other villages in Åmli include Askland, Dølemo, Eppeland, Flaten, Hillestad, Homdrom, Lauveik, Nelaug, Øvre Ramse, Skjeggedal, Tveit, Vehus, and Ytre Ramse.

The 1,131-square-kilometre (437 sq mi) municipality is the 98th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Åmli is the 292nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,786. The municipality's population density is 1.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.4/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.6% over the previous 10-year period.
Coudekerque-Village
Coudekerque-Village (Dutch: Koudekerke-Dorp; West Flemish: Koukerke-Dorp) is a former commune of the Nord department in northern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Téteghem-Coudekerque-Village. Prior to October 6, 2008, it was known as Coudekerque (Koudekerke). The name was changed to distinguish it from Coudekerque-Branche.

Téteghem-Coudekerque-Village
Téteghem-Coudekerque-Village (French pronunciation: [tetɡɛm kudkɛʁk vilaʒ]; Dutch: Tetegem-Koudekerke-Dorp; West Flemish: Tetegem-Koukerke) is a commune in the Nord department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Téteghem and Coudekerque-Village.
Firetrack
Firetrack is a vertically-scrolling shooter programmed by Nick Pelling and released for the BBC Micro and Commodore 64 platforms in 1987 by Electric Dreams Software. It was also ported to the Acorn Electron by Superior Software in 1989 as part of the Play It Again Sam 7 compilation. It resembles the 1984 arcade game Star Force in style and gameplay. The game was technically advanced and very well received by critics.

Superior Interactive
Superior Interactive (formerly known as Superior Software Ltd) is a video game publisher. It was one of the main publishers for the BBC Micro and Acorn Electron computers in the 1980s and early 1990s, and occasionally published software to the Commodore 64, Amiga, ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC. It currently releases games for Microsoft Windows, iOS and Android, mostly updates of its original games.
Moura, Queensland
Moura is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Banana in Central Queensland, Australia. It services the surrounding coal mining and rural activities. It is situated approximately 65 kilometres (40 mi) west of Biloela on the Dawson Highway, 186 kilometres (116 mi) west of the port city of Gladstone, and 171 kilometres (106 mi) south west of Rockhampton. In the 2021 census, the locality of Moura had a population of 1,993 people.

Dawson Highway
The Dawson Highway is a state highway in Queensland, Australia. It runs for 405 kilometres (252 mi) between Gladstone and Springsure where it terminates. From Gladstone to Rolleston it is signed as State Route 60, and then A7 onwards to Springsure. It continues west for another 247 kilometres (153 mi) as Dawson Developmental Road to Tambo on the Landsborough Highway. North of Springsure, A7 becomes the Gregory Highway.

Many of the towns along the Dawson Highway are coal-mining establishments.
Ynys Môn (Senedd constituency)
Ynys Môn is a constituency of the Senedd. It elects one Member of the Senedd by the first past the post method of election. Ynys Môn is also one of nine constituencies in the North Wales electoral region, which elects four additional members, in addition to nine constituency members, to produce a degree of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

It was represented from 1999 by Ieuan Wyn Jones, the former leader of Plaid Cymru. Jones resigned from the Assembly on 20 June 2013, triggering a by-election, which was held on 1 August 2013. Plaid Cymru's candidate Rhun ap Iorwerth comfortably held the seat for the party with a majority of over 9000 votes.

2013 Ynys Môn by-election
A by-election for the Welsh Assembly constituency of Ynys Môn was held on 1 August 2013, The by-election was triggered following the resignation on 20 June 2013 of its sitting Assembly Member, Ieuan Wyn Jones.

The election was the third Assembly by-election to be held since its formation in 1999, and the first for over seven years (the previous contest being at Blaenau Gwent in June 2006).

Prior to the by-election, the governing Labour Party held exactly half the Assembly seats, meaning a gain for that party (who have held the equivalent seat in the House of Commons since 2001) would have given the Welsh government a two-seat majority.
Thulaim
Thulaim (Arabic: ثليم, romanized: ṯulaīm) is a commercial and residential neighborhood in downtown Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located south of al-Amal and north of Margab in the sub-municipality of al-Malaz, situated on the edge of now dried up stream of Wadi al-Batʼha. The neighborhood is bounded by the al-Batʼha Street to the west, constituting its westernmost part in the al-Batʼha commercial area and is today inhabited mostly by overseas workers from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. It is named after the Thulaim Palace, which was itself attributed to an eponymous farm on which it was built by King Abdulaziz ibn Saud in present-day al-Fouta district in late 1930s.

Owing to its visible furrows (Arabic: ثُلَم, lit. 'gaps') during medieval Najd, one historical account suggests that the area might've been referred to as al-Thalama (Arabic: الثلماء) during the existence of Hajr al-Yamamah, which was recorded in a poem by 8th century Abbasid poet Sulayman ibn Abi Hafsa.

Al Amal (Riyadh)
Al-ʽAmal (Arabic: العمل, lit. 'labor'), formerly al-Ghurabi (Arabic: الغرابي) and Shiʽab (Arabic: شعاب, lit. 'watercourse'), is a commercial and residential neighborhood situated along the al-Batʼha Street in downtown Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located north of Thulaim and east of al-Futah in the sub-municipality of al-Malaz. As the neighborhood is bounded by al-Batʼha Street to the west, its western strip partially forms part of the al-Batʼha commercial area.
Higinio Ochoa
Higinio Ochoa, also known as w0rmer, is an American hacker. In 2012, while associated with the hacker group CabinCr3w (part of Anonymous), he was arrested by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and ultimately served two years in federal prison for hacking. As of 2021, Ochoa is a member of the white-hat hacker group Sakura Samurai.

Sakura Samurai (group)
Sakura Samurai was a white hat hacking and security research group that was founded in 2020. The group is responsible for multiple vulnerability disclosures involving governmental groups and various corporations.
Tanakaea
Tanakaea radicans, the Japanese foam flower, is a species of flowering plant in the Saxifrage family, and is the sole species in the genus Tanakaea. It is native to central Honshu and Shikoku in Japan, and to southern Sichuan in south-central China. It is named after the Japanese botanist Tanaka Yoshio. It was initially described by Ludovic Savatier and Adrien René Franchet.

Tanakaea radicans propagates via rhizomes similar to the runners of a strawberry. Its preferred habitat in the wild is shady, damp rocky soil.

Saxifragaceae
Saxifragaceae is a family of herbaceous perennial flowering plants, within the core eudicot order Saxifragales. The taxonomy of the family has been greatly revised and the scope much reduced in the era of molecular phylogenetic analysis. The family is divided into ten clades, with about 640 known species in about 35 accepted genera. About half of these consist of a single species, but about 400 of the species are in the type genus Saxifraga. The family is predominantly distributed in the northern hemisphere, but also in the Andes in South America.
Anthony James Leggett
Sir Anthony James Leggett (born 26 March 1938) is a British–American theoretical physicist and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). Leggett is widely recognised as a world leader in the theory of low-temperature physics, and his pioneering work on superfluidity was recognised by the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics. He has shaped the theoretical understanding of normal and superfluid helium liquids and strongly coupled superfluids. He set directions for research in the quantum physics of macroscopic dissipative systems and use of condensed systems to test the foundations of quantum mechanics.

Literae humaniores
Literae humaniores, nicknamed Greats, is an undergraduate course focused on classics (ancient Rome, ancient Greece, Latin, ancient Greek, and philosophy) at the University of Oxford and some other universities. The Latin name means literally "more human literature" and was in contrast to the other main field of study when the university began, i.e. res divinae (or literae divinae, lit. div.), also known as theology. Lit. hum., is concerned with human learning, and lit. div. with learning treating of God. In its early days, it encompassed mathematics and natural sciences as well. It is an archetypal humanities course.
Apache Jena
Apache Jena is an open source Semantic Web framework for Java. It provides an API to extract data from and write to RDF graphs. The graphs are represented as an abstract "model". A model can be sourced with data from files, databases, URLs or a combination of these. A model can also be queried through SPARQL 1.1.

Jena is similar to RDF4J (formerly OpenRDF Sesame); though, unlike RDF4J, Jena provides support for OWL (Web Ontology Language). The framework has various internal reasoners and the Pellet reasoner (an open source Java OWL-DL reasoner) can be set up to work in Jena.

Jena supports serialisation of RDF graphs to:

a relational database

RDF/XML

Turtle

TriG

Notation 3

JSON-LD

Turtle (syntax)
In computing, Terse RDF Triple Language (Turtle) is a syntax and file format for expressing data in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. Turtle syntax is similar to that of SPARQL, an RDF query language. It is a common data format for storing RDF data, along with N-Triples, JSON-LD and RDF/XML.

RDF represents information using semantic triples, which comprise a subject, predicate, and object. Each item in the triple is expressed as a Web URI. Turtle provides a way to group three URIs to make a triple, and provides ways to abbreviate such information, for example by factoring out common portions of URIs. For example, information about Huckleberry Finn could be expressed as:
Kamran Mirza
Kamran Mirza (Persian: کامران میرزا; c. 1509 – 16/18 October 1557) was the second son of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire and the first Mughal Emperor. Kamran Mirza was born in Kabul to Babur's wife Gulrukh Begum. He was half-brother to Babur's eldest son Humayun, who would go on and inherit the Mughal throne, but he was full-brother to Babur's third son, Askari. A divan written in Persian and Chagatai is attributed to him.

Ahmad Alaq
Sultan Ahmad Khan (Chagatai and Persian: سلطان احمد خان; b. 1465 – 1504), better known as Ahmad Alaq was the Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (Turpan Khanate) from 1487 to 1504. He was the second son of Yunus Khan. His mother was Shah Begum, fourth daughter of Badakhshan prince Lali.

Ahmad Alaq was a direct male-line descendant of Genghis Khan, through his son Chagatai Khan.
Mateești
Mateești is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Greci, Mateești, and Turcești.

The commune is situated on the Getic Plateau, at an altitude of 320 m (1,050 ft), on the banks of the river Tărâia. It is located in the western part of Vâlcea County, 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Horezu and 57 km (35 mi) west of the county seat, Râmnicu Vâlcea, on the border with Gorj County. It borders Stroești commune to the east, Alunu and Alimpești communes to the west, Slătioara commune (Milostea village) to the north, and the town of Berbești to the south.

Berbești
Berbești is a town located in Vâlcea County, Romania, about 78 km (48 mi) south-west from the county seat, Râmnicu Vâlcea, in the historical region of Oltenia. It was granted town status by law in October 2003. As of the 2021 census, it has a population of 4,231.

The town administers five villages: Dămțeni, Dealu Aluniș, Roșioara, Târgu Gângulești, and Valea Mare.
Agent handling
In intelligence organizations, agent handling is the management of so-called agents (called secret agents or spies in common parlance), principal agents, and agent networks (called "assets") by intelligence officers typically known as case officers.

Intelligence officer
An intelligence officer is a member of the intelligence field employed by an organization to collect, compile or analyze information (known as intelligence) which is of use to that organization. The word of officer is a working title, not a rank, used in the same way a "police officer" can also be a sergeant, or in the military, in which non-commissioned personnel may serve as intelligence officers.

Organizations which employ intelligence officers include armed forces, police, and customs agencies.
Piwniczna-Zdrój
Piwniczna-Zdrój [pʲivˈɲit͡ʂna ˈzdrui̯] (until 1999 Piwniczna) is a spa town in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland, near the border with Slovakia. Piwniczna-Zdrój is the name of both the town and its administrative district called a gmina in Polish, namely the Gmina Piwniczna-Zdrój.

Piwniczna-Zdrój is a popular tourist destination in Beskid Sądecki, part of the Western Carpathians mountain range of southern Poland featuring a protected area called the Poprad Landscape Park with its picturesque Poprad River Gorge.

Gmina Piwniczna-Zdrój
Gmina Piwniczna-Zdrój is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, on the Slovak border. Its seat is the town of Piwniczna-Zdrój, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) south of Nowy Sącz and 89 km (55 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 126.7 square kilometres (48.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,313 (out of which the population of Piwniczna-Zdrój amounts to 5,717, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,596).