hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacques Perrin
Jacques Perrin (French pronunciation: [ʒak pɛʁɛ̃]; born Jacques André Simonet [ʒak ɑ̃dʁe simɔnɛ]; 13 July 1941 – 21 April 2022) was a French actor and film producer. He was occasionally credited as Jacques Simonet.

State of Siege
State of Siege (French: État de siège) is a 1972 French–Italian–West German political thriller film directed by Costa-Gavras starring Yves Montand and Renato Salvatori. The story is based on an actual incident in 1970, when U.S. official Dan Mitrione was kidnapped and later killed by an urban guerrilla group in Uruguay.
South African Class 16DA 4-6-2 1928
The South African Railways Class 16DA 4-6-2 of 1928 was a steam locomotive.

In 1928, the South African Railways placed six Class 16DA steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement in passenger train service. Eight more entered service in 1929.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Elenydd
The Elenydd (Welsh: [ɛˈlɛnɨð]) is an upland area of Mid Wales, extending across parts of northern and eastern Ceredigion and Powys between Aberystwyth and Rhayader. Elenydd is also a name given to the medieval commote of Cwmwd Deuddwr which covered approximately the same area.

The area is an upland plateau of moorland and rough grazing within the Cambrian Mountains, source of the rivers Elan, Severn, Teifi, Towy and Wye.  Elenydd is generally interpreted to mean the upland area between Pumlumon in the north and Mynydd Epynt in the south.  The term "Desert of Wales" is sometimes applied to this or a wider area.

Much of Elenydd is open land with public access, following the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, widely known as the "CROW Act".  Specific areas within Elenydd are designated as being of nature conservation importance.

River Teifi
The River Teifi, is a river in Wales. It forms the boundary for most of its length between the Welsh counties of Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire, and for the final 3 miles (4.8 km) of its total length of 76 miles (122 km), the boundary between Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire. Its estuary is northwest of Cardigan, known in Welsh as Aberteifi, meaning 'mouth of the Teifi'.
Barga, Tuscany
Barga is a medieval town and comune of the province of Lucca in Tuscany, central Italy. It is home to around 10,000 people and is the chief town of the "Media Valle" (mid valley) of the Serchio River. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Barga is a member of Cittaslow.

Cockenzie and Port Seton
Cockenzie and Port Seton (Scots: Cockennie [ˈkukɪne]; Scottish Gaelic: Cùil Choinnich, lit. 'cove of Kenneth') is a unified town in East Lothian, Scotland. It is on the coast of the Firth of Forth, four miles east of Musselburgh.  The burgh of Cockenzie was created in 1591 by James VI of Scotland. Port Seton harbour was built by the 11th Lord Seton between 1655 and 1665.

The town had a population of 4,493 in 2001. Since the last census in 2001, many new houses have been built. The population is 
5,370 as of 2020. Cockenzie and Port Seton has continued to grow over the years and is now a dormitory town for Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh.
Burn 'Em Up Barnes
Burn 'Em Up Barnes is a 1934 American pre-Code movie serial produced and distributed by Mascot Pictures, along with a feature version of the serial bearing the same title. It was a loose remake of the 1921 silent film of the same name.

Burn 'Em Up Barnes (1921 film)
Burn 'Em Up Barnes is a 1921 American silent comedy action film directed by George Beranger and starring Johnny Hines, Edmund Breese and George Fawcett. It was loosely remade as a 1934 film of the same title.
Taum Sauk Mountain State Park
Taum Sauk Mountain State Park is a Missouri state park located in the St. Francois Mountains in the Ozarks. The park encompasses Taum Sauk Mountain, the highest point in the state. The Taum Sauk portion of the Ozark Trail connects the park with nearby Johnson's Shut-ins State Park and the Bell Mountain Wilderness Area, which together are part of a large wilderness area popular with hikers and backpackers.

Bell Mountain Wilderness
Bell Mountain Wilderness is a protected area in Missouri that is maintained by the United States Forest Service and was designated as such by the United States Congress in 1980. The wilderness area now has a total of 9,143 acres (3,700 ha). Bell Mountain is located within the Potosi-Fredericktown Ranger District of the Mark Twain National Forest, south of Potosi, Missouri in the United States. The Bell Mountain Wilderness is one of eight wilderness areas protected and preserved in Missouri. The area is popular for hiking, including a section of the Ozark Trail.
Jean Laplanche
Jean Laplanche (French: [laplɑ̃ʃ]; 21 June 1924 – 6 May 2012) was a French author, psychoanalyst and winemaker. Laplanche is best known for his work on psychosexual development and Sigmund Freud's seduction theory, and wrote more than a dozen books on psychoanalytic theory. The journal Radical Philosophy described him as "the most original and philosophically informed psychoanalytic theorist of his day."

From 1988 to his death, Laplanche was the scientific director of the German to French translation of Freud's complete works (Oeuvres Complètes de Freud / Psychanalyse – OCF.P) in the Presses Universitaires de France, in association with André Bourguignon, Pierre Cotet and François Robert.

André Bourguignon
André Bourguignon (8 August 1920 – 9 April 1996) was a French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, born in Paris.

A psychiatry professor at the University of Paris XII, he was part of a team in charge of translating Sigmund Freud's work from German into French, together with Jean Laplanche, Pierre Cotet and François Robert.

He was the father of actress Anémone.
Command and Control (book)
Command and Control: Nuclear Weapons, the Damascus Accident, and the Illusion of Safety is a 2013 nonfiction book by Eric Schlosser about the history of nuclear weapons systems and accidents involving nuclear weapons in the United States. Incidents Schlosser discusses in the book include the 1980 Damascus Titan missile explosion, the 1966 Palomares B-52 crash, and the 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash. It was a finalist for the 2014 Pulitzer Prize for History. A documentary film based on the book aired as an episode of American Experience on PBS in early 2017.

Command and Control (film)
Command and Control is a 2016 American documentary film directed by Robert Kenner and based on the 2013 non-fiction  book of the same name by Eric Schlosser. It was released initially in the United States at the Tribeca Film Festival and then in the United Kingdom at the Sheffield Doc/Fest on June 11, 2016. It is based on the 1980 Damascus Titan missile explosion in Damascus, Arkansas between September 18–19, 1980.  The film aired on the PBS network series American Experience on January 10, 2017.
Perrhenate
The perrhenate ion is the anion with the formula ReO−4, or a compound containing this ion. The perrhenate anion is tetrahedral, being similar in size and shape to perchlorate and the valence isoelectronic permanganate.  The perrhenate anion is stable over a broad pH range and can be precipitated from solutions with the use of organic cations.  At normal pH, perrhenate exists as metaperrhenate (ReO−4), but at high pH mesoperrhenate (ReO3−5) forms.  Perrhenate, like its conjugate acid perrhenic acid, features rhenium in the oxidation state of +7  with a d0 configuration. Solid perrhenate salts takes on the color of the cation.

Perrhenic acid
Perrhenic acid is the chemical compound with the formula Re2O7(H2O)2. It is obtained by evaporating aqueous solutions of Re2O7. Conventionally, perrhenic acid is considered to have the formula HReO4, and a species of this formula forms when rhenium(VII) oxide sublimes in the presence of water or steam. When a solution of Re2O7 is kept for a period of months, it breaks down and crystals of HReO4·H2O are formed, which contain tetrahedral ReO−4. For most purposes, perrhenic acid and rhenium(VII) oxide are used interchangeably. Rhenium can be dissolved in nitric or concentrated sulfuric acid to produce perrhenic acid.
Vakka-Suomi
Vakka-Suomi is a sub-region within the Southwest Finland region. It consists of the town of Uusikaupunki and its surrounding municipalities of Kustavi, Laitila, Mietoinen, Mynämäki, Pyhäranta, Taivassalo and Vehmaa. This sub-region is in name only, without official government. The composition of the area is disputable, as communities within it have been and are merged into each other, even into ones that are not seen to belong into Vakka-Suomi. For example, Kalanti and Lokalahti are no longer their own municipalities, but a part of Uusikaupunki.

The name of the region originates from the 19th century, when a significant export of the region was vakkas. A vakka is a commonly a lightweight container made out of wood, generally carryable by two hands. A vakka usually has a flat bottom and a round shape. It has an easily fitting lid that has a locking mechanism and is commonly without hinges.

Sub-regions of Finland
Sub-regions (Finnish: seutukunta, Swedish: ekonomisk region) are divisions used for statistical purposes in Finland. The country is divided into 69 sub-regions, which are formed by groups of municipalities within the 19 regions of Finland. These sub-regions represent a LAU 1 level of division used in conjunction with the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics.

Each municipality is a member of a sub-region based on cooperation between municipalities and the commuter area. The member municipalities must be from the same region.

Sub-regions were introduced as administrative divisions in 1994. Sub-regions are no longer official regional administrative divisions since 2014, but they are still valid for statistical purposes.
Narva (river)
The Narva, formerly also Narwa or Narova, is a river in northeastern Estonia flowing 77 kilometres (48 mi) north from Lake Peipus to the Baltic Sea. It is the largest Estonian river by discharge and forms part of the Estonia–Russia border.

The river gives its name to the archaeological (Neolithic) Narva culture, as well as the city of Narva. Narva is the third most populous urban area in Estonia and faces the Russian town of Ivangorod across the river.

At the coast, the river passes part of the Estonian resort town of Narva-Jõesuu. Its mouth opens into WNW-facing Narva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. The Narva gives the second-greatest discharge into the Gulf of Finland after the Neva River.

Ivangorod
Ivangorod (Russian: Иванго́род, IPA: [ɪvɐnˈɡorət]; Estonian: Jaanilinn; Votic: Jaanilidna) is a town in Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the east bank of the Narva river which flows along the Estonia–Russia international border, 159 kilometers (99 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, 218 kilometers (135 mi) east of Tallinn, Estonia. The town's population was recorded as  9,854 (2010 census); 11,206 (2002 census); 11,833 (1989 Soviet census). As of 2025, the population of Ivangorod was estimated to be 9,878.

Ivangorod is a major border crossing point and a railway station on the Tallinn–Saint Petersburg line. It is located just opposite to the Estonian town of Narva. The town is the site of the Ivangorod Fortress, a prominent fortification monument of the 15th and the 16th centuries.
Bank of Antigua
Bank of Antigua was an Antigua-based bank that was owned by the Stanford Financial Group and was central to the Ponzi scheme run by Allen Stanford.  It was originally formed on the 10 February 1981 in St. John's.  When the Ponzi scheme was exposed in 2009, the bank was taken over by the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) on 20 February 2009.

The bank was renamed to the Eastern Caribbean Amalgamated Bank by the ECCB and they disposed of it in Nov 2011.

Stanford Financial Group
The Stanford Financial Group was a privately held international group of financial services companies controlled by Allen Stanford, until it was seized by American authorities in early 2009. Headquartered at 5050 Westheimer in Uptown Houston, Texas, it had 50 offices in several countries, mainly in the Americas, included the Stanford International Bank, and was said to have managed US$8.5 billion of assets for more than 30,000 clients in 136 countries on six continents.  On February 17, 2009, U.S. Federal agents placed the company into receivership due to charges of fraud. Ten days later, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission amended its complaint to accuse Stanford of turning the company into a "massive Ponzi scheme".
EasyCard
The EasyCard (Chinese: 悠遊卡; pinyin: Yōuyóukǎ; lit. 'Easy Travel Card') is a contactless smartcard system operated by the EasyCard Corporation (previously the Taipei Smart Card Corporation) for payment on the Taipei Metro, buses, and other public transport services in Taipei since June 2002. Its usage has since expanded to other public transport services in major cities throughout Taiwan, as well as convenience stores, department stores, supermarkets, taxis, and other retailers since 1 April 2010. Like conventional electronic fare systems, the card employs RFID technology to operate without physical contact. They are available for purchase at all metro stations and all chain convenience stores.

Contactless smart card
A contactless smart card is a contactless credential whose dimensions are credit card size. Its embedded integrated circuits can store (and sometimes process) data and communicate with a terminal via NFC. Commonplace uses include transit tickets, bank cards and passports.

There are two broad categories of contactless smart cards. Memory cards contain non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic. Contactless smart cards contain read-only RFID called CSN (Card Serial Number) or UID, and a re-writeable smart card microchip that can be transcribed via radio waves.
Victor S. Johnson Sr.
Victor Samuel Johnson Sr. (February 6, 1882 – August 29, 1943) was an American businessman who founded Aladdin Industries, best known as manufacturers of kerosene mantle lamps.

In 1904, he was a bookkeeper and salesman for the Iowa Soap Company in Burlington, Iowa. After seeing German kerosene lamp models that were more efficient than American models, he formed the Western Lighting Company in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1907 and began selling the better lamps. On February 27, 1908 he incorporated The Mantle Lamp Company of America.

Early in 1909 Johnson introduced the Aladdin lamp, which succeeded beyond all expectations and led to subsequent improved models over the next 40 years.

After Johnson's unexpected death in 1943, his son, Victor S. Johnson Jr. succeeded him and expanded the company.

Victor S. Johnson Jr.
Victor Samuel Johnson Jr. (June 12, 1916 – January 19, 2008) was an American lawyer who was president of Aladdin Industries, a manufacturer of vacuum bottles, kerosene lamps, and stoves. He was notable for creating the market for decorative lunch boxes. The company was further diversified under Johnson's leadership. He was a businessman in Nashville, Tennessee.
Pelmeni
Pelmeni (Russian: пельмени, pel’meni, pronounced [pʲɪlʲˈmʲenʲɪ]; sg. pelmen, пельмень, pel’men’, pronounced [pʲɪlʲˈmʲenʲ]) are dumplings of Russian cuisine that consist of a filling wrapped in thin, unleavened dough. They are considered a national dish.

Pelmeni became a staple of Russian cuisine during the period of Russian expansion into the Ural Mountains and Siberia. Pelmeni also have deep roots in the traditions and folklore of the regions of Komi and Udmurtia in Russia, and figure prominently in Komi and Udmurt cuisine. The name itself was borrowed from the languages of the Komi and Udmurts.

Udmurt cuisine
Udmurt cuisine consists of the cuisine of Udmurtia and the Udmurt people, and is characterized by the rich use of local foods. Old traditions include foods made from grains and flour, especially milled rye, barley, wheat, and buckwheat. Meat, vegetables and black bread are staple foods in Udmurt cuisine. Additional foods include pelmeni, pancakes, pastries and small tarts. Milk is a scarce commodity, and that which exists is often made into ayran, a type of sour milk.

The Udmurt people have historically been involved in cattle breeding, agricultural production and hunting. Beekeeping is a common practice among the Udmurts and other groups in the area, and pig farming also exists. Potatoes, vegetables and flax are produced in significant quantities in Udmurtia. For total agricultural production in Russia, Udmurtia was ranked as 33rd.
Euro Hockey Tour
The Euro Hockey Tour (EHT) is an annual ice hockey tournament open to national teams of the Czech Republic, Finland, Switzerland and Sweden. The competition is regarded as a preparation for the upcoming World Championships or Olympics, allowing less experienced players to collect valuable ice time in their national colours.

Channel One Cup (ice hockey)
The Channel One Cup (Russian: Кубок Первого канала, formerly Izvestia Trophy) is an annual ice hockey event held in Russia under the auspices of Channel One. It is an open tournament typically composed of various national teams.
Peter Arnoldus Petersen
Peter Arnoldus Petersen (21 March 1851 – 12 August 1916) was a Norwegian businessman.

He was born in Christiania as a son of a German father and Danish mother; merchant Johan Gottfried Schmidt and Frederikke Døderlein. Both his parents died in 1852, and he was adopted by his mother's sister, who was married to wealthy businessman Peter J. K. Petersen (1821–1896). He was a first cousin of Sigvart Petersen.

His adoptive father died in 1896, and Petersen inherited the family company Peter Petersen & Co and his father's title as consul general for the Austro-Hungarian Empire. His adoptive father had been manager and chair of Nydalens Compagnie. Peter Arnoldus Petersen served as board member from 1883 to his death in 1916 and chair from 1911 to 1912. He backed down from the chairmanship because of declining health.

Peter J. K. Petersen
Peter Johan Kay Petersen (9 June 1821 – 15 March 1896) was a Norwegian businessperson, known for his long leadership in the companies Peter Petersen & Co and Nydalens Compagnie as well as the construction of the building complex Victoria Terrasse, formerly known as Petersborg.
Mollens, Valais
Mollens (French pronunciation: [mɔlɑ̃s]) is a former municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Mollens, Chermignon, Montana and Randogne merged into the new municipality of Crans-Montana.

Randogne
Randogne (French pronunciation: [ʁɑ̃dɔɲ]) is a former municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Chermignon, Mollens, Montana and Randogne merged to form the new municipality of Crans-Montana.
Hyères
Hyères (French pronunciation: [jɛʁ] ⓘ), Provençal Occitan: Ieras in classical norm, or Iero in Mistralian norm) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

The old town lies 4 km (2.5 mi) from the sea clustered around the Castle of Saint Bernard, which is set on a hill. Between the old town and the sea lies the pine-covered hill of Costebelle, which overlooks the peninsula of Giens. Hyères is the oldest resort on the French Riviera.

Levant Island
Île du Levant (pronounced [il dy ləvɑ̃]), sometimes referred to as Le Levant, is a French island in the Mediterranean off the coast of the Riviera, near Toulon. It is one of the four that constitute the Îles d'Hyères. Part of the island is occupied by the naturist resort of Heliopolis and the rest is under military control.
Compagnia Toscana Trasporti Nord
Compagnia Toscana Trasporti Nord, also known as CTT Nord, was a public transport company established on 22 October 2012, with corporate office in Pisa and operational offices in Livorno, Prato, Lucca and Massa Carrara. It was formed after a long process of aggregation, more than ten years, of the several local public transport companies; it became the largest regional public transport company in terms of size and diffusion in the Region extending its activity through the provinces of Livorno, Pisa, Lucca and Massa-Carrara.

Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.
Osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a family of orthopedic diseases of the joint that occur in children, adolescents and rapidly growing animals, particularly pigs, horses, dogs, and broiler chickens. They are characterized by interruption of the blood supply of a bone, in particular to the epiphysis, followed by localized bony necrosis, and later, regrowth of the bone. This disorder is defined as a focal disturbance of endochondral ossification and is regarded as having a multifactorial cause, so no one thing accounts for all aspects of this disease.

Osteochondrosis is a developmental disease. It usually occurs in an early stage of life. It has personified features as focal chondronecrosis and confinement of growth cartilage due to a failing of endochondral ossification. Fissures can develop from lesions over the top articular cartilage and form a cartilage flap and an osteochondral fragment. It is diagnosed as osteochondritis dissecans.

Scheuermann's disease
Scheuermann's disease is a skeletal disorder. It describes a condition where the vertebrae grow unevenly with respect to the sagittal plane; that is, the posterior angle is often greater than the anterior.  This uneven growth results in the signature "wedging" shape of the vertebrae, causing kyphosis. It is named after Danish surgeon Holger Scheuermann.
VOTA
VOTA (formerly known as Casting Pearls) is a Christian rock band from Lincoln, Nebraska, featuring Bryan Olesen, a former guitarist with Christian rock band Newsboys. Several of the band's songs have been featured on rotation with national radio networks such as K-Love, and are part of the international 180 Tour. Their song "Hard to Believe" was listed at No. 17 on R&R magazine's May 2, 2009, weekly chart for the United States.

Newsboys
Newsboys (sometimes stylised as newsboys) is a Christian rock band that has existed in various permutations since its founding in 1985 in Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia, by Peter Furler and George Perdikis. Now based in Nashville, Tennessee, in the United States, the band has released 17 studio albums, six of which have been certified gold. As of 2025, the band consists of guitarist Jody Davis, keyboardist Jeff Frankenstein, drummer, and percussionist Duncan Phillips, and lead vocalist, and bassist Adam Agee (formerly of Stellar Kart and Audio Adrenaline); no founding members remain in the lineup. In addition to performing music, the band has appeared in the films God's Not Dead, God's Not Dead 2, and God's Not Dead: A Light in Darkness.