hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Deeg
The siege of Deeg (11–24 December 1804) was a siege of the main fort at Deeg, now in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India, then within the Bharatpur Kingdom.  Forces of the British East India Company, led by General Lake, captured the fort from its Marathan defenders.

The siege started on 20 November, the bombardment on 13 December, and a breach made at Shahburz, a salient on the southwest side of the fort, on 23 December.  A three-pronged attack took place that night and the Marathas retreated to Bharatpur on the 24th.  The British suffered 227 casualties.

Deeg
Deeg is a historical city in the Deeg district of the Indian state of eastern Rajasthan. It is renowned for its architectural heritage, including palaces, forts, gardens, and fountains. Historically, Deeg became the first capital of the Hindu Jats of Bharatpur. It played a significant role in the region's political and cultural development due to its proximity to Agra. Later, Maharaja Suraj Mal ordered the construction of multiple buildings and landmarks in Deeg, as well as the renovation of the Deeg Palace, the only Hindu-style palace in North India.
Sara Gros
Sara Gros Aspiroz (born 9 June 1983) is a Spanish ski mountaineer.

After good results in younger age classes, for example 3rd in the single race event of the 2002 World Championship of Ski Mountaineering, 2003 European "juniors" runner-up and 2004 European "espoirs" champion, she competed in the 2005 European Championship of Ski Mountaineering. Together with Cristina Bes Ginesta and Emma Roca Rodríguez she finished fifth in the relay event ("seniors" ranking).

Cristina Bes
Cristina "Tina" Bes (i) Ginesta  (born 21 March 1977) is a Catalan ski mountaineer.

Bes was born in Girona. She started ski mountaineering in 1999 and competed first in the same year. In 2000, she became a member of the national team. Her brother Jordi is also a competition ski mountaineer.
Eukaryotic Cell (journal)
Eukaryotic Cell was an academic journal published by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). The journal published findings from basic research studies of simple eukaryotic microorganisms. In January 2016, EC was merged into the cross-disciplinary ASM journal mSphere. It is indexed/abstracted in: Agricola, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Current Contents Life Sciences Illustrata, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded, Summon, and more.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
House at 352 Piermont Avenue
House at 352 Piermont Avenue is a historic home located at Piermont, Rockland County, New York. It was built about 1780, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, side-gabled, sandstone Colonial period residence. A two-story frame addition was built about 1970.  The house features a two-story, full-facade replacement porch.: 3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Piermont, New York
Piermont (English pronunciation: /ˈpiːɹmɒnt/ ⓘ) is a village incorporated in 1847 in Rockland County, New York, United States. Piermont is in the town of Orangetown, located north of the hamlet of Palisades, east of Sparkill, and south of Grand View-on-Hudson, on the west bank of the Hudson River. The population was 2,517 at the 2020 census. Woody Allen set The Purple Rose of Cairo (1984) in Piermont.

The village's name, in earlier years known as Tappan Landing, was given by Dr. Eleazar Lord, author, educator, deacon of the First Protestant Dutch Church and first president of the Erie Railroad. It was derived by combining a local natural feature – Tallman Mountain – and the most prominent man-made feature of the village – the long Erie Railroad pier.
Louis-Daniel Perrier
Louis-Daniel Perrier (1818–1903) was a Swiss architect from Neuchâtel, Switzerland. He was born in Paris although he was originally from the towns of Sainte-Croix and Orges in Switzerland. He studied art in Paris and Berlin before moving to Neuchâtel in 1848.

He was the architect for the government of the Canton of Neuchâtel between 1849 and 1863. In 1864 and until 1867, he was construction director for the city of Neuchâtel. He constructed Philippe Suchard's house, the church of Les Brenets, the primary school "Le Collège de la Promenade" in Neuchâtel, and restored the castles of Neuchâtel and Cormondrèche among other works.

He was married to Cécile Dardel and is the father of the Federal Councillor Louis Perrier. He was also the great-grandfather of Denise and Raymonde Berthoud.

Louis Perrier
Frédéric-François-Louis Perrier (22 May 1849 – 16 May 1913) was a Swiss architect and politician who was a Federal Councillor from 1912 until his death in 1913. As of 2009, he is the member with the shortest time in office (14 months).
American River Parkway
38°37′N 121°18′W﻿ / ﻿38.62°N 121.3°W﻿ / 38.62; -121.3

The American River Parkway is a 32-mile (51 km) urban regional recreation area that runs along the American River throughout Sacramento County, California, consisting of many smaller parks and boat launching points. It can be accessed by various exits off U.S. Route 50 in Sacramento County. Levees line the river to prevent flooding of developed areas.

Jedediah Smith Memorial Trail
The Jedediah Smith Memorial Trail (or American River Bike Trail) is a paved multi-use pathway that runs between the confluence of the Sacramento River with the American River, just north of downtown Sacramento, California, and Beal's Point at Folsom Lake, north of Folsom. The trail is 32 miles (51 km) long and is used as a major recreational destination, as well as a commuter artery for cyclists. The trail is considered one of the longest paved purpose-built bike trails in the country. The trail is maintained by the County of Sacramento and is painted with mile markers placed at every half-mile increment.
Coal and Iron Police
The Coal and Iron Police (C&I) was a private police force in the US state of Pennsylvania that existed between 1865 and 1931. It was established by the Pennsylvania General Assembly but employed and paid for by the various coal companies. The Coal and Iron Police worked alongside the Pennsylvania National Guard, and later the Pennsylvania State Police, beginning in 1877. The remaining Coal and Iron Police commissions were allowed to expire in 1931, ostensibly ending the state-sanctioned organization of a private police force. Industrial policing continued in limited form until the later 1930s, when the National Labor Relations Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, and other federal legislation made armed industrial forces illegal.

Molly Maguires
It is alleged that the Molly Maguires was an Irish 19th-century secret society active in Ireland, Liverpool, and parts of the eastern United States, best known for their activism among Irish-American and Irish immigrant coal miners in Pennsylvania. After a series of often violent conflicts, twenty suspected members of the Molly Maguires were convicted of murder and other crimes and were executed by hanging in 1877 and 1878. This history remains part of local Pennsylvania lore and the actual facts are much debated among historians.
Ministry for the Environment (Chile)
The Ministry of Environment (Spanish: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente) is a ministry of the State of Chile that is in charge of collaborating with the President of the Republic in the design and application of policies, plans and programs in environmental matters, as well as in the protection and conservation of biological diversity and of renewable and hydric natural resources, promoting sustainable development, the integrity of the environmental policy and its normative regulation.

This ministry was created in January 2010 to replace the National Environment Commission (Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente, CONAMA). The new ministry became operational on October 1 of that year.

Maisa Rojas has served as minister since 11 March 2022.

National Environment Commission (Chile)
The National Environment Commission (Spanish: Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente, Conama) was created on 9 March 1994 after the releasing of the Law N°19,300 under the government of Patricio Aylwin. Its first CEO was José Goñi.

On 1 October 2010, President Sebastián Piñera transformed the commission in the Ministry for the Environment.
Sam Rayburn Tollway
The Sam Rayburn Tollway (formerly the State Highway 121 Tollway) is a controlled-access toll road operated by the North Texas Tollway Authority that runs from Grapevine to McKinney. Its frontage roads are signed SH 121.

The original portion of the toll road from Business 121 near Coppell to FM 2281 opened in May 2006, and toll collection started December 1 of that year. The tolled portion extended to Hillcrest Road in Plano/Frisco on August 31, 2008.  The tollway was extended to Custer Road on September 1, 2009, and again to Hardin Boulevard in McKinney on October 1, 2009.

The tollway (formerly named 121 Tollway) was renamed in honor of Sam Rayburn at a North Texas Tollway Authority meeting on March 16, 2009.

The tollway also currently features two five-level stack interchanges, at Dallas North Tollway and I-35E.

North Texas Tollway Authority
The North Texas Tollway Authority (NTTA) is a not-for-profit government organization that maintains and operates toll roads, bridges, and tunnels in the North Texas area.  Functioning as a political subdivision of the State of Texas under Chapter 366 of the Transportation Code, the NTTA is empowered to acquire, construct, maintain, repair and operate turnpike projects; to raise capital for construction projects through the issuance of turnpike revenue bonds; and to collect tolls to operate, maintain and pay debt service on those projects.

The NTTA is governed by a nine-member board of directors, two appointed by each of the four counties in its service area: Collin County, Dallas County, Denton County and Tarrant County as well as one appointed by the Texas Governor. North Texas Tollway Authority is a non-profit entity, and performs many of the same functions as the Texas Department of Transportation, but is limited solely to facilities that it operates for revenue.
Desert pipistrelle
The desert pipistrelle (Hypsugo ariel) is a species of vesper bat in the genus Hypsugo. It is found in Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, rocky areas, and hot deserts.

Hypsugo
The genus Hypsugo contains many bats referred to as pipistrelles or pipistrelle bats (not to be confused with the genus Pipistrellus). They belong to the family Vespertilionidae or vesper bats. They are primarily found throughout Asia, the Middle East, Mediterranean Europe, and North Africa (including the Canary Islands), with a single (debated) species in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Rotuman language
Rotuman, also referred to as Rotunan, Rutuman or Fäeag Rotuạm (citation form: Faega Rotuma), is an Austronesian language spoken by the Indigenous Rotuman people in the South Pacific. Linguistically, as well as culturally, Rotuma has had a Polynesian influence in its culture and was incorporated as a dependency into the Colony of Fiji in 1881. Contemporary Rotuman is a result of significant Polynesian borrowing, following Samoan and Tongan migrations into Rotuma.

The Rotuman language has sparked much interest with linguists because the language uses metathesis to invert the ultimate vowel in a word with the immediately preceding consonant, resulting in a vowel system characterized by umlaut, vowel shortening or extending and diphthongization.

Unlike its Pacific neighbors, Rotuman is typically considered an AVO (agent–verb–object) language.

Rotumans
The Rotumans (Rotuman: Rotuạm; Fijian: Ro) are a Polynesian ethnic group native to Rotuma, an island group forming part of Fiji. The island itself is a cultural melting pot at the crossroads of the Micronesian, Melanesian and Polynesian divisions of the Pacific Ocean, and due to the seafaring nature of traditional Pacific cultures, the indigenous Rotuman have adopted or share many aspects of its multifaceted culture with its Melanesian, Micronesian and Polynesian neighbours.
Tomb of Eve
The Tomb of Eve, also known as Eve's Grave and Eve's Tomb, is an archeological site located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.  It is considered by some Muslims to be the burial place of Eve. Prince Faisal, Viceroy of Hejaz, destroyed it in 1928. In 1975, the site was also sealed with concrete by religious authorities, who disapprove of pilgrims praying at tombs.

Richard Francis Burton mentions seeing it in his translation of the Book of a Thousand Nights and a Night.

According to the Islamic religion, Eve is considered the grandmother of humanity [Quran page 84, chapter 7:11–25] [Quran page 84, chapter 20:110–124], which influenced the name "Jeddah" meaning grandmother in Arabic.

Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia
The destruction of heritage sites associated with early Islam is an ongoing phenomenon that has occurred mainly in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, particularly around the two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina. The demolition has focused on mosques, burial sites, homes and historical locations associated with the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his companions, and many of the founding personalities of early Islamic history by the Saudi government. In Saudi Arabia, many of the demolitions have officially been part of the continued expansion of the Masjid al-Haram at Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque in Medina and their auxiliary service facilities in order to accommodate the ever-increasing number of Muslims performing the pilgrimage (hajj).
Setouchi, Kagoshima
Setouchi (瀬戸内町, Setouchi-chō) is a town located primarily on Amami Ōshima, in Ōshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 1 October 2020, the town had an estimated population of 8,546 and a population density of 35.62 persons per km². The total area was 239.91 km².

Amami Ōshima
Amami Ōshima (Japanese: 奄美大島; Okinawan: Uushima; Amami Ōshima: Ushima), also known as Amami, is the largest island in the Amami archipelago between Kyūshū and Okinawa. It is one of the Satsunan Islands, all of which belong to Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

The island, 712.35 km2 in area, has a population of approximately 73,000 people. Administratively it is divided into the city of Amami, the towns of Tatsugō, Setouchi, and the villages of Uken and Yamato in Kagoshima Prefecture. Much of the island is within the borders of the Amami Guntō National Park.

In 2021, it was listed as part of the serial UNESCO World Heritage Site of Amami-Ōshima Island, Tokunoshima Island, northern part of Okinawa Island, and Iriomote Island.
Pelugo
Pelugo (Pilùch in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 394 and an area of 22.9 square kilometres (8.8 mi2).

Pelugo borders the following municipalities: Spiazzo, Massimeno, Daone, Montagne, Villa Rendena and Vigo Rendena.

Vigo Rendena
Vigo Rendena (Vich in local dialect) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 456 and an area of 4.5 square kilometres (1.7 sq mi). It was merged with Villa Rendena and Darè on January 1, 2016, to form a new municipality, Porte di Rendena.

Vigo Rendena borders the following municipalities: Pelugo, Montagne, Villa Rendena and Darè.
Tell Me Marianne
"Tell Me Marianne" is a 1947 English lyric adaptation of "A media luz". Originally a 1924 tango by Edgardo Donato which became a standard, the English lyrics and verse melody were written by Bob Musel. It spent a week at number 1 on the British sheet music charts in June 1947.

The melody was also adapted by Dorcas Cochran as "When I Look Into Your Eyes", a 1952 song recorded by Champ Butler.

A Media Luz
"A Media Luz" (transl. "With Dimmed Lights") is a tango song composed by Edgardo Donato with lyrics by Carlos César Lenzi. Originally produced for an Uruguayan revue, it found success after it was recorded by Carlos Gardel and released on Disco Nacional Odeón in 1926.

Donato and Lenzi's composition became one of the most popular tango songs of all time in Argentina and Uruguay. It has been recorded by several artists and performed by touring orchestras worldwide, and versions of the song have been featured in diverse films.
Dan Penn
Dan Penn (born Wallace Daniel Pennington, November 16, 1941) is an American songwriter, singer, musician, and record producer, who co-wrote many soul hits of the 1960s, including "The Dark End of the Street" and "Do Right Woman, Do Right Man" with Chips Moman and "Cry Like a Baby" with Spooner Oldham. Penn also produced many hits, including "The Letter", by The Box Tops. He has been described as a white soul and blue-eyed soul singer.  Penn has released relatively few records featuring his own vocals and musicianship, preferring the relative anonymity of songwriting and producing.
Dan Penn produced an album on Ronnie Milsap in 1970 on Warner Bros. (AKA the Red Album)

Chips Moman
Lincoln Wayne "Chips" Moman (June 12, 1937 – June 13, 2016) was an American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter. He is known for working in R&B, pop music and country music, operating American Sound Studios and producing hit albums like Elvis Presley's 1969 From Elvis in Memphis and the 1985 debut album for The Highwaymen. Moman won a Grammy Award for co-writing "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song", a 1975 hit for B.J. Thomas.
Scone School of Arts
The Scone School of Arts was a Mechanics' Institute that provided adult education in the town of Scone, New South Wales, Australia in the late 19th and early 20th century. The School, founded in 1868, occupied two heritage listed buildings in Scone – the first from 1873 to 1917, the second from 1924 until the School's closure in 1954.

Scone, New South Wales
Scone (/skoʊn/) is a town in the Upper Hunter Shire in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. At the 2021 census, Scone had a population of 5,013. It is on the New England Highway north of Muswellbrook about 270 kilometres (167.77 miles) north of Sydney, and is part of the New England (federal) and Upper Hunter (state) electorates. Scone is in a farming area and is also noted for breeding Thoroughbred racehorses. It is known as the "Horse capital of Australia".
Dufuna canoe
The Dufuna canoe is the world's second-oldest known boat.  It is a dugout canoe discovered in 1987 by a Fulani cattle herdsman a few kilometers from the village of Dufuna in the Fune Local Government Area, not far from the Komadugu Gana River, in Yobe State, Nigeria. Radiocarbon dating of a sample of charcoal found near the site dates the canoe at 8,500 to 8,000 years old, linking the site to Lake Chad. The canoe is 8.4 metres (28 ft) long and is 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) tall at it largest point. It is currently located in Damaturu, Nigeria.

Dugout canoe
A dugout canoe or simply dugout is a boat made from a hollowed-out tree. Other names for this type of boat are logboat and monoxylon. Monoxylon (μονόξυλον) (pl: monoxyla) is Greek – mono- (single) + ξύλον xylon (tree) – and is mostly used in classic Greek texts. In German, they are called Einbaum ("one tree" in English). Some pirogues are also constructed in this manner.

Dugouts are the oldest boat type archaeologists have found, dating back about 8,000 years to the Neolithic Stone Age. This is probably because they are made of massive pieces of wood, which tend to preserve better than others, such as bark canoes.
Mehinaku language
Mehináku (Meinaku) is an Arawakan language spoken by the Mehinaku people in the Xingu Indigenous Park of Brazil. One dialect, Waurá-kumá, is "somewhat intelligible" with Waurá due to influence from this language.

Arawakan languages
Arawakan (Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper), also known as Maipurean (also Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre), is a language family spoken among various Indigenous peoples in South America. Branches migrated to Central America and the Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, including what is now the Bahamas. Most present-day South American countries are known to have been home to speakers of Arawakan languages, with the exceptions of Ecuador, Uruguay, and Chile. Maipurean may be related to other language families in a hypothetical Macro-Arawakan stock.
Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All
Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) was a project to distribute efficient LED lighting, launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 5 Jan 2015. The project is spearheaded by the Energy Efficiency Services Limited. In non-subsidized LED lamp distribution projects, this program is considered the world's largest. In May 2017, the Government of India announced that they were expanding the LED distribution project to the United Kingdom.

Energy Efficiency Services Limited
Energy Efficiency Services Limited is a joint venture of state-run power companies, responsible for implementation of the Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All scheme, formerly known as the Domestic Efficient Lighting Programme. It has reduced the prices of LED bulbs by 75%.
Earl of Lennox
The Earl or Mormaer of Lennox was the ruler of the region of the Lennox in western Scotland. It was first created in the 12th century for David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and later held by the Stewart dynasty.

Ailín I, Earl of Lennox
Mormaer Ailín I of Lennox, also Alún or Alwin, ruled Lennox sometime before 1178. He is an obscure figure, known only in two sources, and remains characterless. It is not certain that he was ever recognized as a Mormaer of Lennox, although one source does call him that. In the 1170s, Lennox was in the nominal possession of David, the brother of King William I. David was given the territory as a fief of the crown in 1178.

However, the land was restored to a native magnate, Ailin's son Ailín, and recognized as a Mormaer (comes). The reasons for this are unknown. Perhaps the crown had never really controlled it; or perhaps, as Neville suggests (p. 15), the frontier region of Lennox lost its importance after the defeat and death of Somhairle mac Gille Bhrigdhe. Part of the reason was undoubtedly the promotion of David to the Earldom of Huntingdon.
Yakovlev Yak-18
The Yakovlev Yak-18 (Russian: Яковлев Як-18; NATO reporting name Max) is a tandem two-seat military primary trainer aircraft manufactured in the Soviet Union. Originally powered by one 119 kW (160 hp) Shvetsov M-11FR-1 radial piston engine, it entered service in 1946. It was also produced in China as the Nanchang CJ-5.

Ivchenko AI-14
The Ivchenko AI-14 (Russian: Ивченко АИ-14) is a nine-cylinder, air-cooled, radial piston engine designed in the Soviet Union to power aircraft.

A variant known as the M462 was produced under license by Avia.
Weisenheim am Berg
Weisenheim am Berg (Palatine German: Weisrem, or to distinguish it from Weisenheim am Sand, Weisemberg) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Weisenheim am Sand
Weisenheim am Sand (Palatine German: Weisrem) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.