hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duke of Buckingham
Duke of Buckingham, referring to the market town of Buckingham, England, is an extinct title that has been created several times in the peerages of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. There were creations of double dukedoms of Buckingham and Normanby and of Buckingham and Chandos.  The 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby built Buckingham House in the early 1700s, which eventually came into the hands of the monarch and is now Buckingham Palace. The last holder of the dukedom, the 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, died in 1889.

There have also been Earls of Buckingham and Marquesses of Buckingham.

Buckingham
Buckingham (/ˈbʌkɪŋəm/ BUK-ing-əm) is a market town in north Buckinghamshire, England, close to the borders of Northamptonshire and Oxfordshire, which had a population of 12,890 at the 2011 Census. The town lies approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Central Milton Keynes, 19 miles (31 km) south-east of Banbury, and 24 miles (39 km) north-east of Oxford.

Buckingham was the county town of Buckinghamshire from the 10th century, when it was made the capital of the newly formed shire of Buckingham, until Aylesbury took over this role in the 18th century.

Buckingham has a variety of restaurants and pubs, typical of a market town. Britain's first private university, the University of Buckingham, is based here.
Borgo Valsugana
Borgo Valsugana (El Bórgo in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Trento.

Borgo Valsugana borders the following municipalities: Telve, Telve di Sopra, Torcegno, Ronchi Valsugana, Roncegno, Castelnuovo, Novaledo, Levico Terme, and Asiago. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Novaledo
Novaledo is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located in the Bassa Valsugana valley (Lower part of the Valsugana valley) about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 882 and an area of 8.0 square kilometres (3.1 mi2).

Novaledo borders the following municipalities: Frassilongo, Roncegno, Borgo Valsugana, Pergine Valsugana and Levico Terme.
Major (Franklin D. Roosevelt's dog)
Major, a German Shepherd, was a presidential pet belonging to United States president Franklin D. Roosevelt.

In 1933, while living at the White House, Major had incidents in which he bit  United States Senator Hattie Wyatt Caraway and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Ramsay MacDonald. After the latter incident, he was sent to live at Roosevelt's private residence in Hyde Park, New York and never returned to the White House.

German Shepherd
The German Shepherd, also known in Britain as an Alsatian, is a German breed of working dog of medium to large size. It is characterized by its intelligent and obedient nature.

Its historical role was as a herding dog, for herding sheep. It has since been used in many other types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police work, and warfare. It is commonly kept as a companion dog, and according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale had the second-highest number of annual registrations in 2013.

The breed was developed by Max von Stephanitz using various traditional German herding dogs from 1899. The breed gained international recognition after the end of World War I. The German Shepherd became the second most popular breed in the US in 2016 and the most frequently registered breed in other countries.
Baydibek District
Baydibek District (Kazakh: Бәйдібек ауданы, Bäidıbek audany; Russian: Байдибекский район) is a district of Turkistan Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Shayan. Population: 54,091 (2013 estimate); 53,004 (2009 census results); 50,508 (1999 census results).

Turkistan Region
Turkistan Region, formerly known as South Kazakhstan Region from 1992 to 2018 and Chimkent Region from 1963 to 1991, is the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, bordering Uzbekistan. It had a population of 2,088,510 as of the 2022 Kazakhstan census.

The region's capital is Turkistan, formerly Shymkent until 2018. Other cities in the region include Sayram, Kentau, Arys, Shardara, Zhetisai, Saryagash, and Lenger.
Tasman Glacier
Tasman Glacier (officially Haupapa / Tasman Glacier) is the largest glacier in New Zealand, and one of several large glaciers which flow south and east towards the Mackenzie Basin from the Southern Alps in New Zealand's South Island.

Southern Alps
The Southern Alps (Māori: Kā Tiritiri o te Moana; officially Southern Alps / Kā Tiritiri o te Moana) is a mountain range extending along much of the length of New Zealand's South Island, reaching its greatest elevations near the range's western side. The name "Southern Alps" generally refers to the entire range, although separate names are given to many of the smaller ranges that form part of it.

The range includes the South Island's Main Divide, which separates the water catchments of the more heavily populated eastern side of the island from those on the west coast. Politically, the Main Divide forms the boundary between the Marlborough, Canterbury and Otago regions to the southeast and the Tasman and West Coast regions to the northwest.
2020 Formula One Esports Series
The 2020 Formula One Esports Series was the fourth season of the Formula One Esports Series. It took place from October 14 to December 17, 2020. It was held on Formula One's official 2020 game. As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic the championship had no fixed venue, and was instead held online and streamed on F1's official  YouTube channel.

David Tonizza and Red Bull Racing Esports entered the season as the reigning Drivers' and Teams' champions respectively. Red Bull Racing Esports successfully defended the Teams' Championship title for the second consecutive year, while Jarno Opmeer won the Drivers' Championship title for the first time, driving for Alfa Romeo Racing Orlen Esports.

Formula One Esports Series
The FIA Formula One Esports Series is a professional esports programme promoted by Formula 1. The programme was created in 2017 to involve the official Formula 1 video game and its community of players, providing a new avenue for greater engagement with the sport of Formula 1. In 2018, the official Formula 1 teams joined the programme for the first time to set up their own esports teams to compete in the Formula 1 Esports Series championship.
Enterprise content integration
Enterprise Content Integration (ECI) refers to middleware software technology used by large organizations to connect with various computer systems that manage documents and digital content. ECI systems typically operate alongside other technologies, including enterprise content management, document management, groupware, intranets, and records management.

This approach enables organizations to efficiently manage content from diverse sources. ECI systems are engineered to integrate seamlessly with existing software solutions within an organization, offering robust capabilities for searching, indexing, and accessing information across multiple systems. By facilitating decentralized content management, ECI empowers organizations to retrieve and leverage unstructured content, such as documents, from various repositories.

Enterprise content management
Enterprise content management (ECM) extends the concept of content management by adding a timeline for each content item and, possibly, enforcing processes for its creation, approval, and distribution. Systems using ECM generally provide a secure repository for managed items, analog or digital. They also include one (or more) methods for importing content to manage new items, and several presentation methods to make items available for use. Although ECM content may be protected by digital rights management (DRM), it is not required. ECM is distinguished from general content management by its cognizance of the processes and procedures of the enterprise for which it is created.
Southern Derby
The Southern Derby is a fan-based U.S. professional soccer cup competition between USL Championship (USLC) teams based in the South-Atlantic region of the United States (North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia). It was founded in 2000. The Southern Derby trophy is currently held by the Charleston Battery.

The Southern Derby was created by the fans of the teams involved to promote a friendly competition and rivalry along the clubs involved and encourage fans to travel to away matches. The Southern Derby is perhaps the first cup competition of its kind in American professional soccer. It is common in nature with other fan cup competitions which originated in the United Soccer Leagues such as the Cascadia Cup, the James River Cup, and the Voyageurs Cup. It is also similar to Major League Soccer trophy competitions such as the Atlantic Cup, the Brimstone Cup, the Lamar Hunt Pioneer Cup, the Rocky Mountain Cup, and the Texas Derby.

North Carolina FC
North Carolina FC is an American professional soccer team in Cary, North Carolina, a suburb of Raleigh, and member of the United Soccer League system. Founded in 2006, the team was known as the Carolina Railhawks.

On December 6, 2016, the RailHawks announced a name change to North Carolina Football Club in pursuit of becoming a Major League Soccer franchise. The club's home attendance record had been broken earlier that year when 10,125 attended a match against West Ham United of the English Premier League.

On November 4, 2025, the club announced it was suspending operations pending an application to join the future USL Premier in 2028.

The team has played its home games at the 10,000-seat WakeMed Soccer Park since 2007. The team's colors are Atlantic blue, cardinal red, and Southern gold.
Amaterasu Patera
Amaterasu Patera is a patera, a complex crater with scalloped edges, on Jupiter's moon Io. It is one of the darkest features on Io, and the measurement of its thermal spectrum (its temperature was estimated in 1979 to be 281 K) helped to support an anticorrelation between albedo and temperature for Ionian hotspots. The feature has darkened further since the first orbit around Jupiter by the Galileo spacecraft. It is 100 kilometers in diameter and located at 38°06′N 306°30′W﻿ / ﻿38.1°N 306.5°W﻿ / 38.1; -306.5. It was named after the Japanese sun goddess Amaterasu. To the north are Kinich Ahau Patera and Dazhbog Patera, and to the west are Manua Patera and Fuchi Patera.

Fuchi Patera
Fuchi Patera is a patera, or a complex crater with scalloped edges, on Jupiter's moon Io. It is approximately 66 kilometers in diameter and is located at 28°24′N 327°36′W﻿ / ﻿28.4°N 327.6°W﻿ / 28.4; -327.6﻿ (Fuchi Patera). It is named after the Ainu fire goddess, Kamuy Fuchi. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1979. Manua Patera is located north-northeast, and Amaterasu Patera is located northeast.
Cardiospermum
Cardiospermum is a genus of approximately 14 species in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, which are native to the American, Indian, and African tropics. The genus name is derived from the Greek words καρδία, meaning "heart," and σπέρμα, meaning "seed." Common names of the members of this genus include balloon vine, love in a puff, heartseed, and heartseed vine. These plants are classified as invasive species in parts of the Southern United States and South Africa.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
Queensland, Georgia
Queensland is an unincorporated community in Ben Hill County, Georgia, United States. It lies along U.S. Route 129 north of the city of Fitzgerald, the county seat of Ben Hill County. Its elevation is 249 feet (76 m). The community is part of the Fitzgerald micropolitan statistical area.

Fitzgerald micropolitan area, Georgia
The Fitzgerald Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of one county in Georgia, anchored by the city of Fitzgerald.  The area also included Irwin County until the 2023 OMB statistical area updates when the county was removed.

As of the 2000 census, the area had a population of 27,415 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 27,653).
2022 Taiwan Football Premier League
The 2022 season of the  Taiwan Football Premier League  is the sixth season of the top-flight  association football  competition in  Taiwan  under its current format. The season began on 17 April 2022.

Tainan City F.C.
Tainan City Football Club (for sponsorship reasons currently known as Taiwan Steel and Tainan City TSG; Chinese: 台灣鋼鐵足球隊) is a Taiwanese professional football club based in Tainan City, which currently competes in the Taiwan Football Premier League.

Tainan City has won a record 5 league titles in the club history. In 2024, they become the first club in the league to win a record five consecutive league titles.
Cristina Pérez (athlete)
Cristina Pérez (born 30 October 1965) is a Spanish sprinter.

Perez competed in the women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Perez held the Spanish national record for 400 metres hurdles for 33 years, until her time of 55.23 was lowered by Sara Gallego, in 2021.

Sara Gallego
Sara Gallego Sotelo (born 11 October 2000) is a Spanish athlete. She is the Spanish national record holder over 400 metres hurdles.
In 2021, Gallego ran 55.20 to win silver at the 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships in Tallinn. In doing so, Gallego broke the national record held previously by Cristina Pérez and set 33 years previously.
Henri Bergson
Henri-Louis Bergson (/ˈbɜːrɡsən, ˈbɛərɡ-/; French: [bɛʁksɔn]; 18 October 1859 – 4 January 1941) was a French philosopher who was influential in the traditions of analytic philosophy and continental philosophy, especially during the first half of the 20th century until the Second World War, but also after 1966 when Gilles Deleuze published Le Bergsonisme.

Bergson is known for his arguments that processes of immediate experience and intuition are more significant than abstract rationalism and science for understanding reality. Bergson was awarded the 1927 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented". In 1930, France awarded him its highest honour, the Grand-Croix de la Legion d'honneur. Bergson's great popularity created a controversy in France, where his views were seen as opposing the "secular and scientific" attitude adopted by the Republic's officials.

Gabriel Tarde
Jean-Gabriel (de) Tarde (/tɑːrd/; French: [taʁd]; 12 March 1843 – 13 May 1904) was a French sociologist, criminologist and social psychologist who conceived sociology as based on small psychological interactions among individuals (much as if it were chemistry), the fundamental forces being imitation and innovation.
Al-Rabiaa
Al-Rabiaa (Arabic: الربيعة, also spelled al-Rabie or Rabi'a) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, west of Hama. Nearby localities include Tayzin and Matnin to the east, Kafr al-Tun to the north, Umm al-Tuyur to the northwest, Deir al-Salib to the west, Billin to the southwest, al-Muaa to the south and Kafr Buhum to the southeast. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Rabiaa had a population of 7,508 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.

Matnin
Matnin (Arabic: متنين, also spelled Mitneen) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located just west of Hama. Nearby localities include Tayzin to the north, al-Rabiaa to the west, Birin to the south and Kafr Buhum to the southeast. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Matnin had a population of 2,446 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Chennai Central–Mangaluru Central Superfast Express
Train no . 12685 / 12686 Mangaluru Central - M.G.R Chennai Central - Mangaluru Central Superfast Express is a Daily Superfast express train belonging to Southern Railway zone of Indian Railways  that run between Chennai Central (MAS) and Mangaluru Central (MAQ) in India. It is the fastest train connecting Chennai and Mangaluru, taking just 15 hours. Mangaluru Chennai Superfast Express gets the highest priority in its route  and is the most popular and demanding train on this route because of its timings and punctuality.

Till 25 February 2016, it was running with ICF Coaches after 26 February 2016 its converted into LHB Coaches.
It shares its rake with 12671/12672 Nilgiri Superfast Express

Mangalore Central railway station
Mangalore Central railway station (officially Mangaluru Central railway station)(station code: MAQ) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is the main railway terminus in the city of Mangalore, Karnataka and provides connectivity for Konkan Railway and South Western Railway. It is one of the five central railway stations of India.
Palm Bay, Florida
Palm Bay is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. The city's population was 119,760 at the 2020 United States census, up from 103,190 at the 2010 census, making it the most populous city in the county and the largest by land mass. The historic section of the city lies on the mouth of the Turkey Creek and the Palm Bay. Palm Bay has historically expanded south and to the west. The newer section is mostly situated west of Interstate 95 and south of the Tillman Canal.

Palm Bay is a principal city of the Palm Bay−Melbourne−Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 606,612 at the 2020 census.

Florida State Road 507
State Road 507 (SR 507) is a 4.9-mile-long (7.9 km), four-lane highway serving Melbourne and Palm Bay, Florida. It is also known locally as Babcock Street. The southern terminus is an intersection with Malabar Road (SR 514 east of SR 507, County Road 514 west of it) in Palm Bay; the current northern terminus is an intersection with New Haven Avenue (U.S. Highway 192 (US 192)/SR 500) in Melbourne.
Arlington Heights, Illinois
Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. A northwestern suburb of Chicago, it lies about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the city's downtown. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 77,676, making it the 15th-most populous municipality in Illinois.

Arlington Heights is known for the former Arlington Park Race Track, home of the Arlington Million, a Breeders' Cup qualifying event; it also hosted the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships in 2002.

Prospect High School (Illinois)
Prospect High School, or Prospect, is a public four-year high school in Mount Prospect, Illinois, United States. It is part of Township High School District 214, which also includes Buffalo Grove High School, Elk Grove High School, John Hersey High School, Rolling Meadows High School, and Wheeling High School. It serves central Mount Prospect and a large portion of east Arlington Heights close to the Mt. Prospect village limits. Its feeder schools are Lincoln Middle School, South Middle School, Friendship Junior High School and Holmes Junior High School.
Demineralizing (silk worm cocoon)
Demineralizing has the potential to be used in the silk sector enabling wet reeling of Wild Silk moth cocoons by removing the mineral layer present in these cocoons. This technique is not like degumming where the gum of the fibroin fibres is removed what would lead to a tangled cocoon. With "demineralizing" the gum and structure of the cocoon is kept intact enabling the cocoons to be wet reeled. This could allow a new silk industry in areas which have not the conditions or infrastructure for raising the domesticated silk worm Bombyx mori, possibly generating a revolutionary new income stream.

Wild silk
Wild silks have been known and used in many countries from early times, although the scale of production is far smaller than that from cultivated silkworms.  Silk cocoons and nests often resemble paper or cloth, and their use has arisen independently in many societies.
Alien Naturalization Act
The Alien Naturalization Act, Sess. 2, ch. 69, 40 Stat. 542, was a May 9, 1918 Act of the 65th United States Congress.

More than 192,000 aliens were naturalized between May 9, 1918-June 30, 1919, under this act. It allowed aliens that were serving in the U.S. armed forces during "the present war" to file petitions for naturalization without making declarations of intent or proving 5 years' residence (requirements at the time).

65th United States Congress
The 65th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1917, to March 4, 1919, during the fifth and sixth years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

The Senate maintained a Democratic majority.  In the House, the Republicans had actually won a plurality, but as the Progressives and Socialist Representative Meyer London caucused with the Democrats, this gave them the operational majority of the nearly evenly divided chamber, thus giving the Democrats full control of Congress, and along with President Wilson maintaining an overall federal government trifecta.
Gosen Wakashū
The Gosen Wakashū (後撰和歌集, Later Collection of Japanese Poems), often abbreviated as Gosenshū ("Later Collection"), is the second imperial anthology of Japanese waka compiled in 951 at the behest of Emperor Murakami by the Five Men of the Pear Chamber: Ōnakatomi no Yoshinobu (922-991), Kiyohara no Motosuke (908-990), Minamoto no Shitagō (911-983), Ki no Tokibumi (flourished ~950), and Sakanoue no Mochiki (flourished ~950). It consists of twenty volumes containing 1,426 poems.

The collection has no preface and there are no contemporary writings that explain the compilers' intentions, nor is there any evidence that it was formally presented to the Emperor. In comparison to the Kokin Wakashū which preceded it, the Gosenshū focuses more on private poems, particularly poetry exchanges. It has a large number of poems that seem more like fictional poem tales, and even the poems by named authors frequently have long prose prefaces.

Kokin Wakashū
The Kokin Wakashū (古今和歌集; "Collection of Japanese Poems of Ancient and Modern Times"), commonly abbreviated as Kokinshū (古今集), is an early anthology of the waka form of Japanese poetry, dating from the Heian period. An imperial anthology, it was conceived by Emperor Uda (r. 887–897) and published by order of his son Emperor Daigo (r. 897–930) in about 905. Its finished form dates to c. 920, though according to several historical accounts the last poem was added to the collection in 914.

The compilers of the anthology were four court poets, led by Ki no Tsurayuki and also including Ki no Tomonori (who died before its completion), Ōshikōchi no Mitsune, and Mibu no Tadamine.