hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanford J. Shaw
Stanford Jay Shaw (5 May 1930 – 16 December 2006) was an American historian, best known for his works on the late Ottoman Empire, Turkish Jews, and the early Turkish Republic. Shaw's works have been criticized for their lack of factual accuracy as well as denial of the Armenian genocide, and other pro-Turkish bias.

Bilkent University
Bilkent University (Turkish: Bilkent Üniversitesi) is a private non-profit research university located in Ankara, Turkey. It was founded by İhsan Doğramacı, the  first president of the Council of Higher Education and the head of the prominent Doğramacı family,  with the aim of creating a center of excellence in higher education and research in 1984. It has constantly been ranked among the top Turkish universities since its establishment. In 2011, it was ranked 112th in the world by Times World University Rankings. Bilkent University was the first non-profit private university established in the country. The name Bilkent is an abbreviation of bilim kenti, meaning "city of science" in Turkish.
Thomas Mills (MP)
Thomas Mills (1794 – 11 November 1862) was a British Liberal and Whig politician.

Born in Middlesex, Mills was the eldest son of Samuel Mills and Mary née Wilson. He was admitted to Queens' College, Cambridge in Michaelmas in 1815, graduating with a BA in 1819 and an MA in 1822. He was admitted at the Inner Temple in 1816, and called to the Bar in 1832. After this, he was a Justice of the Peace for Middlesex and Bedfordshire and a Deputy Lieutenant of Hampshire.

Mills was first elected Whig MP for Totnes at the 1852 general election and, becoming a Liberal in 1859, held the seat until his death in 1862.

Totnes (UK Parliament constituency)
Totnes was a parliamentary constituency in Devon represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the constituency name was abolished. With to minor boundary changes, it was renamed South Devon at the 2024 general election.
He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)
"He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King for girl group the Crystals under the guidance of Phil Spector in 1962. Goffin and King wrote the song after discovering that their babysitter and singer "Little Eva" Boyd was being regularly beaten by her boyfriend. When they inquired why she tolerated such treatment, Eva replied, with complete sincerity, that her boyfriend's actions were motivated by his love for her.

The Crystals
The Crystals are an American vocal group that originated in New York City. Considered one of the defining acts of the girl group era in the first half of the 1960s, their 1961–1964 chart hits – including "There's No Other (Like My Baby)", "Uptown", "He's Sure the Boy I Love", "He's a Rebel", "Da Doo Ron Ron" and "Then He Kissed Me"– featured three different female lead singers and were all produced by Phil Spector. The latter three songs were originally ranked number 263, number 114, and number 493, respectively, on Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. However, two songs were omitted from the magazine's 2010 update, leaving only "He's a Rebel" at number 267. In the 2021 update, "Da Doo Ron Ron" was added back to the list at number 366.
Battle of Krupczyce
The Battle of Krupczyce took place between the Russian Empire's armed forces under the command of Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov and Kościuszko's Polish-Lithuanian rebels under Karol Józef Sierakowski east of Brest (near the Krupczyce Abbey), present-day Belarus, on September 17, 1794. It was part of the Kościuszko Uprising and ended with the defeat of the rebels.

Kościuszko Uprising
The Kościuszko Uprising, also known as the Polish Uprising of 1794, Second Polish War, Polish Campaign of 1794, and the Polish Revolution of 1794, was an uprising against the Russian and Prussian influence on the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Poland–Lithuania and the Prussian partition in 1794. It was an attempt to liberate the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from external influence after the Second Partition of Poland (1793) and the creation of the Targowica Confederation. Despite some local successes of the insurgency, it was ultimately suppressed by Russian general Alexander Suvorov, who was promoted to field marshal in the aftermath of the Battle of Praga; the massacre that followed the battle was evidence of the ruthlessness of war.
László Szőgyény-Marich Sr.
László Szőgyény-Marich de Magyar-Szőgyén et Szolgaegyháza (2 January 1806 – 19 November 1893) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Magnates between 1883 and 1884. He also functioned as Imperial and Royal Chamberlain, Privy Councillor, Knight of the Golden Fleece, board member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Master of the Treasury (1884–1888) and Lord Chief Justice (1888–1893).

His son was Count László Szőgyény-Marich Jr., an Austro-Hungarian diplomat, ambassador, Minister besides the King of Hungary.

László Szőgyény-Marich Jr.
Count László Szőgyény-Marich de Magyar-Szőgyén et Szolgaegyháza (German: Ladislaus Freiherr (from 1910, Graf) von Szögyény-Marich von Magyar-Szögyén und Szolgaegyháza) (12 November 1841 – 11 June 1916) was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat of Hungarian origin who was a long serving Ambassador at Berlin.
Spencer repeating rifle
The Spencer repeating rifle was a 19th-century American lever-action firearm invented by Christopher Spencer. The Spencer carbine was a shorter and lighter version designed for the cavalry.

The Spencer was the world's first military metallic-cartridge repeating rifle, and over 200,000 examples were manufactured in the United States by the Spencer Repeating Rifle Co. and Burnside Rifle Co. between 1860 and 1869.

The Spencer repeating rifle was adopted by the Union Army, especially by the cavalry, during the American Civil War but did not replace the standard issue muzzle-loading rifled muskets in use at the time. Among the early users was George Armstrong Custer.

Rifled musket
A rifled musket, rifle musket, or rifle-musket is a type of firearm made in the mid-19th century. Originally the term referred only to muskets that had been produced as a smoothbore weapon and later had their barrels replaced with rifled barrels. The term later included rifles that directly replaced, and were of the same design overall as, a particular model of smoothbore musket.
West Vancouver-Capilano
West Vancouver-Capilano is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada, representing parts of both the municipality of West Vancouver, and neighbouring Capilano within the District of North Vancouver collectively.

The riding is the wealthiest constituency in British Columbia, with a median household income of $93,569 according to the 2006 census. In every election from 1991 to 2017, the BC Liberals won this riding with at least 65% of the popular vote, making it one of the safest seats in the province for the party. That number dipped to 53% in the 2020 election.

West Vancouver
West Vancouver is a district municipality in the province of British Columbia, Canada. A member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District, West Vancouver is situated on the north shore of Burrard Inlet to the northwest of the city of Vancouver. With the District of North Vancouver and the City of North Vancouver, West Vancouver is part of a regional grouping known as the North Shore municipalities. It is among the wealthiest municipalities in Canada by average household net worth.

West Vancouver is home to the Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal, one of the main transportation hubs connecting the British Columbia mainland and Vancouver Island, and to much of Cypress Provincial Park.
Yeşilyurt, Bakırköy
Yeşilyurt (literally "green homeland" in Turkish) is a neighborhood (mahalle)  in the municipality and district of Bakırköy, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 8,433 (2022). It is located along Marmara Sea, and borders to the southwest the neighbourhood of Yeşilköy, to which it once belonged, and to the northeast that of Ataköy. The population of the quarter is mainly affluent, and lives in low-rise apartment houses.

Yeşilyurt has a station for the Marmaray commuter railway between Gebze and Halkalı. The neighborhood has many smaller parks and green area. The Polat Renaissance Hotel and the Yeşilyurt Sports Club are also located inside Yeşilyurt.

The Yeşilköy Feneri, a lighthouse built in 1856 and still in use, is located at Yeşilköy Point (Turkish: Yeşilköy Burnu). Its outbuilding is being used today as a fish and seafood restaurant.

Yeşilyurt is also home to Istanbul Hava Harp Okulu (Air Force Academy) and to the Air Force Museum.

Bakırköy
Bakırköy is a municipality and district in the European part of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 29 km2, and its population is 226,685 (2022). Bakırköy lies between the D.100 highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy houses a large psychiatric hospital, and is an important shopping and commercial center.
King Abdulaziz University
King Abdulaziz University (KAU) (Arabic: جامعة الملك عبد العزيز) is a public research university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Established in 1967 as a private university by a group of businessmen led by Muhammad Bakhashab and including author Hamza Bogary, it was named after the country's first monarch, King Abdulalziz ibn Saud. It was converted into a public university by King Faisal in 1974.

With over 117,096 students in 2022, it is the largest university in the country. Located in south Jeddah, the university is the center of teaching and research of the city, comprising 24 faculties, 15 of these are located on the campus and 9 are off-campus. The university also offers some courses that are unavailable at any other universities in Saudi Arabia, such as marine science, meteorology, and astronomy.

Hamza Bogary
Hamza Mohammad Bogary or Boqari (Arabic: حمزة محمد بوقري) (1932–1984) was an Arabic author from Mecca who also worked in broadcasting, becoming Director General of Broadcasting; from 1965 to 1967, he served as Saudi Arabia's Deputy Minister of Information. In 1967, he became a cofounder of King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah. Of his writings, the best known outside of Arabia is his "lightly fictionalized memoir" Saqifat al-Safa (Arabic: سقيفة الصفا), translated into English as The Sheltered Quarter: "His descriptions of school and family life resemble closely what we know of a male student's rounds in eighteenth-century Mecca. The book is a Meccan bildungsroman, calling up those final days before the oil boom that transformed Saudi Arabia and the Hajj."
Heinsberg (Rheinland) station
Heinsberg (Rheinland) station is a train station in Heinsberg, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It's situated at the end of the Lindern–Heinsberg railway. The entrance building and the freight sheds were successively demolished in 1997 after the closure of the passenger service in 1980, the end of freight traffic to Heinsberg in 1994 and the closure of the line between Oberbruch and Heinsberg in 1997. In preparation for the reactivation of passenger services on 15 December 2013, a new island platform was erected to the east of the site of the demolished entrance building.

Heinsberg
Heinsberg (German: [ˈhaɪnsbɛʁk] ⓘ; Limburgish: Hinsberg [ˈɦɪnzˌbæʀ˦(ə)x]) is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the seat of the district Heinsberg. It is situated near the border with the Netherlands, on the river Wurm, approx. 20 km north-east of Sittard and 30 km south-west of Mönchengladbach.
Christ in Majesty
Christ in Majesty or Christ in Glory (Latin: Maiestas Domini) is the Western Christian image of Christ seated on a throne as ruler of the world, always seen frontally in the centre of the composition, and often flanked by other sacred figures, whose membership changes over time and according to the context. The image develops from Early Christian art, as a depiction of the Heavenly throne as described in 1 Enoch, Daniel 7, and The Apocalypse of John. In the Byzantine world, the image developed slightly differently into the half-length Christ Pantocrator, "Christ, Ruler of All", a usually unaccompanied figure, and the Deesis, where a full-length enthroned Christ is entreated by Mary and St. John the Baptist, and often other figures. In the West, the evolving composition remains very consistent within each period until the Renaissance, and then remains important until the end of the Baroque, in which the image is ordinarily transported to the sky.

Tympanum (architecture)
A tympanum (pl. tympana; from Greek and Latin words meaning "drum") is the semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, door or window, which is bounded by a lintel and an arch. It often contains pedimental sculpture or other imagery or ornaments. Many architectural styles include this element, although it is most commonly associated with Romanesque and Gothic architecture.

Alternatively, the tympanum may hold an inscription, or in modern times, a clock face.
Al-Jizah, Jordan
Al-Jizah (also spelled Jize), historically known as Ziza or Zizia, is a town in northwestern Jordan. It is the 22nd district of the Amman Governorate. During the medieval period it served as a waystation for pilgrims en route to the Hajj in Mecca. This function ceased in the 17th century, though a fort remained there, however was later reinstated when the Al-Fayez clan of the Bani Sakher gained the rights for Hajj protection in the 18th century. The region has been one of the Al-Fayez strongholds ever since.

Amman Governorate
Amman Governorate, officially known as Muhafazat al-Asima (Arabic: محافظة العاصمة, English translation: the Capital Governorate), is one of the governorates in Jordan. The governorate's capital is the city of Amman, which is also the country's capital. The administrative center of the governorate, as well as all government offices and parliament, is located in the Abdali district.

The Amman Governorate has the largest population of the 12 governorates of Jordan. It borders Zarqa Governorate to the north and north-east, the governorates of Balqa and Madaba to the west, Karak and Ma'an governorates to the south. It also shares an international border with Saudi Arabia from the east.
The Mirror (novel)
The Mirror is a 1978 occult fantasy novel by Marlys Millhiser, about unwilling time-travel involving an evil antique mirror with unclear glass. This was Millhiser's most popular novel, of her fourteen novels published. The historical Arnett-Fullen House in Boulder, Colorado was referenced as a model of a "gingerbread house" in the book.

Arnett-Fullen House
Arnett-Fullen House also known as the Gingerbread House, is located on 646 Pearl Street in Boulder, Colorado and is on the list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Boulder County, Colorado since 2009. This house features a mixture of architectural styles and is a two-story, private residency, which is sometimes open to the public.
Todd Corporation
The Todd Corporation Limited is a privately held conglomerate based in New Zealand, owned and controlled by the Todd family and headquartered in Wellington, New Zealand. Todd is currently led by board chair, Nick Olson, and group chief executive officer, Evan Davies. Todd employs about 600 individuals at locations in New Zealand and Australia, including seven on the executive team. The board of directors has eight members.

Kapuni
Kapuni is an onshore natural gas-condensate field located in the Taranaki Basin, a ~100,000 km2 partially-inverted rift basin on the Taranaki Peninsula in the North Island, New Zealand. Discovered in 1959 and brought into production in 1970, Kapuni remained New Zealand's only producing gas-condensate field until the offshore Maui gas field began production in 1979.
1959 Southern Area League
The 1959 Southern Area League was the final season of the Southern Area League as the regional second tier of speedway racing in the United Kingdom for Southern British teams. With no league in 1958, a set of 6 new teams competed in 1959.

Southern Rovers
Southern Rovers were a British motorcycle speedway team between 1956 and 1959. They were the champions of the Southern Area League during 1957. The team were unique to speedway at the time because they completed a league season despite having no home stadium to ride from.
1863 Minnesota gubernatorial election
The 1863 Minnesota gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1863, to elect the governor of Minnesota. Incumbent governor Alexander Ramsey was not seeking election, as he has been elected to the Senate that January. Due to the ongoing American Civil War, the Republican candidate, Stephen Miller, ran under the National Union ticket. Miller would win the election. After Miller's victory, Governor Ramsey would resign, leaving Henry Adoniram Swift as governor between the election and inauguration of Stephen Miller. The Democratic Party chose to run its candidates under the 'Union Ticket'.

Alexander Ramsey
Alexander Ramsey (September 8, 1815 –  April 22, 1903) was an American politician, who became the first Minnesota Territorial Governor and later became a U.S. Senator. He served as a Whig and Republican over a variety of offices between the 1840s and the 1880s.
Besim Mala
Besim Mala (14 August 1971 – 17 April 2000) was one of the most well known commandants of Kosovo Liberation Army and the first Commander of the Special Force in the Kosovo Protection Corps, who was killed under suspicious circumstances as part of a killing series in the early 2000s.

Drenas
Drenas or Gllogovc/Gllogoc (Albanian definite form: Drenasi or Gllogovci/Gllogoci), or Glogovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Глоговац), is a town and municipality in the district of Pristina, Kosovo. The municipality has an area of 276.63 km2 (106.81 sq mi). According to the last census of 2024, the municipality has a population of 48,079.
Edward Charles Thompson
Edward Charles Thompson (1 April 1851 – 20 January 1933) was an Irish nationalist politician and member of parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

He was elected unopposed as the Irish Parliamentary Party MP for the North Monaghan constituency at the 1900 by-election, which was caused by the death of Daniel MacAleese. He did not contest the 1906 general election.

1900 North Monaghan by-election
The 1900 North Monaghan by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of North Monaghan on 21 December 1900. The vacancy arose because of the death of the sitting member, Daniel MacAleese of the Irish Parliamentary Party. Only one candidate was nominated, Edward Charles Thompson representing the Irish Parliamentary Party, who was elected unopposed.
Preeceville
Preeceville is a town in Saskatchewan, Canada. The town is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of Sturgis and 99 kilometres (62 mi) north of Yorkton at the junction of Highway 49, Highway 47, Highway 9 and near Highway 755.

Saskatchewan Highway 49
Highway 49 and Provincial Trunk Highway 49 (PTH 49) is a provincial highway in the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Most of the highway is in the east-central part of Saskatchewan and only a very short section is in Manitoba. It runs from Saskatchewan Highway 35 between the communities of Fosston and Hendon to the Saskatchewan – Manitoba border, before ending at Provincial Trunk Highway 83 south of the community of Benito. The combined highway is about 166.4 kilometres (103.4 mi) in length — 165.2 kilometres (102.7 mi) is in Saskatchewan and 1.2 kilometres (0.7 mi) is in Manitoba.
Saint-Martin-d'Étampes station
Saint-Martin-d'Étampes (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ maʁtɛ̃ detɑ̃p]) is a railway station in Étampes, Essonne, in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. The station was opened in 1970 and is on the Étampes–Beaune-la-Rolande railway. The station is served by Paris' express suburban rail system, the RER. The train services are operated by SNCF.

The line beyond the station was closed in 1969. The RER service was launched here in 1979. It was necessary to build this station, as trains could not terminate at Étampes without causing disruption to the Paris–Bordeaux railway.

Étampes
Étampes (French: [etɑ̃p] ⓘ) is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located 48.1 km (29.9 mi) south-southwest from the center of Paris (as the crow flies). Étampes is a sub-prefecture of the Essonne department.

Étampes, together with the neighboring communes of Morigny-Champigny and Brières-les-Scellés, form an urban area of 30,881 inhabitants (2018). This urban area is a "satellite city" of Paris.
1920–21 County Antrim Shield
The 1920–21 County Antrim Shield was the 32nd edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Irish football.

Glentoran won the tournament for the 6th time, defeating Distillery 1–0 in the third final replay at Windsor Park, after the original final and two subsequent replays finished in draws.

Glentoran F.C.
Glentoran Football Club is a professional football club based in East Belfast, Northern Ireland, that plays in the NIFL Premiership. The club was founded in 1882 and has since won more than 130 major honours. They are one of three Northern Irish teams to have never been relegated.
Battle of Bantam
The naval Battle of Bantam took place on 27 December 1601 in Bantam Bay (now Banten Bay), Indonesia, when an exploration fleet of five Dutch ships under the command of Wolfert Harmensz and a Portuguese fleet under André Furtado de Mendonça, sent from Goa to restore Portuguese authority, met in the Indonesian archipelago. The battle resulted in Dutch victory and forced the Portuguese to retreat. The outnumbered Dutch fleet took three Portuguese fustas as prizes.

Banten Bay
Banten Bay, also known as Bantam Bay, is a bay in Banten province, near the northwest tip of Java, Indonesia. It is part of the Java Sea and has a total water surface of approximately 150 square kilometres (58 sq mi; 44 sq nmi) and an average depth of 7 metres (23 ft). It includes marine ecosystems such as seagrass fields and coral reefs, and a major international bird sanctuary. The coastal zone, including the nearby cities of Serang and the port of Merak, is undergoing rapid industrialisation.

The bay has been the site of two major naval battles:

Battle of Bantam, 1601, during the Dutch-Portuguese War

Battle of Sunda Strait, 1942, during World War II
Dynasty: The Making of a Guilty Pleasure
Dynasty: The Making of a Guilty Pleasure is a 2005 American made-for-television film based on the creation and behind the scenes production of the 1980s prime time soap opera Dynasty. It was broadcast on ABC on January 2, 2005.

Pamela Reed
Pamela Reed is an American actress. She is known for playing Arnold Schwarzenegger's police partner Phoebe O'Hara in the 1990 film Kindergarten Cop and portraying the matriarch Gail Green in Jericho. She appeared as Marlene Griggs-Knope on the NBC sitcom Parks and Recreation, as well as the exasperated wife Alison Langley in Bean.