hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Long s
The long s, ⟨ſ⟩, also known as the medial s or initial s, is an archaic form of the lowercase letter ⟨s⟩, found mostly in works from the late 8th to early 19th centuries. It replaced one or both of the letter s in a double-s sequence (e.g., "ſinfulneſs" for "sinfulness" and "poſſeſs" or "poſseſs" for "possess", but never "poſſeſſ"). The modern ⟨s⟩ letterform is known as the "short", "terminal", or "round" s. In typography, the long s is known as a type of swash letter, commonly referred to as a "swash s". The long s is the basis of the first half of the grapheme of the German alphabet ligature letter ⟨ß⟩, (eszett or scharfes s, 'sharp s'). As with other letters, the long s may have a variant appearance depending on typeface: ſ, ſ, ſ, ſ.

F
F, or f, is the sixth letter of the Latin alphabet and many modern alphabets influenced by it, including the modern English alphabet and the alphabets of all other modern western European languages. Its name in English is ef (pronounced /ˈɛf/ ⓘ), and the plural is efs.
Una Crawford O'Brien
Una Crawford O'Brien is an Irish actor. Raised in Clondalkin, she is best-known to television viewers as the character Renee Phelan in long-running soap opera Fair City. She played this role, a woman who was the wife of Christy Phelan, for 11 years before being axed in 2009. While working on the show she was interviewed for the special A Fair City for Love.

She appeared on the second season of Charity You're a Star where she sang duets with her Fair City co-star Bryan Murray. The duo were voted off the show after performing Don't Go Breaking My Heart. Since leaving Fair City she has been on stage in Grumpy Old Women. She returned to Fair City in 2012.

Bryan Murray (actor)
Bryan Murray (born 13 July 1949) is an Irish actor. He is known for his extensive television work which includes Fitz in Strumpet City, Flurry Knox in The Irish R.M., Shifty in Bread (for which he won BBC TV Personality of the Year), Harry Cassidy in Perfect Scoundrels, Trevor Jordache in Brookside and Bob Charles in Fair City.
John Misto
John Misto (born 13 October 1952) is an Australian writer for film, television, stage, and fiction.  His works have won "many awards including the Queensland Premier's Literary Award, three Australian Film Institute Awards, three Australian Writers' Guild Awards and a Gold Plaque at the Chicago Television Awards".

The Damnation of Harvey McHugh
The Damnation of Harvey McHugh was an Australian television miniseries made by the ABC. The series consists of 12 episodes and was first broadcast on the ABC in 1994 from 2 June to 18 August of that year.
1942 Tour de Suisse
The 1942 Tour de Suisse was the ninth edition of the Tour de Suisse cycle race and was held from 29 July to 2 August 1942. The race started and finished in Zürich. The race was won by Ferdinand Kübler.

Ferdinand Kübler
Ferdinand Kübler (pronounced [ˈfɛrdinand ˈkyːblər]; 24 July 1919 – 29 December 2016) was a Swiss cyclist with 71 professional victories, including the 1950 Tour de France and the 1951 World Road Race Championship.
Death Drug
Death Drug is a 1978 American exploitation film directed by Oscar Williams that deals with the harsh and deadly effects of PCP, or "angel dust". The film starred Philip Michael Thomas as a plumber turned musical artist who got hooked on angel dust, leading to a drastic change in personality and, soon, his demise.

Oscar Williams (filmmaker)
Oscar S. Williams (May 20, 1939 – January 30, 2023) was a film actor, screenwriter and film director. He was born in the St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands and raised in the United States.

Williams died on January 30, 2023, in Qatar, where his son David lives. His oldest son Noel Williams still resides in Los Angeles, California. After his death, a group of speakers paid tribute to Williams at a Red Carpet Memorial Tribute at Caribbean Cinemas in St. Thomas.
Kennard, Ohio
Kennard is an unincorporated community in eastern Salem Township, Champaign County, Ohio, United States.  It lies at the intersection of Gray and Kennard Roads, less than 2 miles (about 3 km) southwest of State Route 245.  The headwaters of Kings Creek, a tributary of the Mad River, flow past Kennard.  It is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of the city of Urbana, the county seat of Champaign County.

Kennard was laid out and platted as "Kent" in 1863 when the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad was extended to that point. A post office was established at Kennard in 1865, and remained in operation until 1905.

Champaign County, Ohio
Champaign County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,714. Its county seat and largest city is Urbana. The county takes its name from the French word for "open level country". Champaign County became the 18th of 88 Ohio counties on March 1, 1805. It was formed from parts of Greene and Franklin counties by legislative action. Champaign County comprises the Urbana, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Dayton–Springfield–Sidney, OH Combined Statistical Area.
Essex-Lopresti fracture
The Essex-Lopresti fracture is a fracture of the radial head of the forearm with concomitant dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint along with disruption of the thin  interosseous membrane which holds them together. The injury is named after Peter Essex-Lopresti who described it in 1951.

Peter Essex-Lopresti
Peter Gordon Lawrence Essex-Lopresti FRCS Ed. (1916 – 13 June 1951) was a British orthopaedic surgeon remembered for describing the Essex-Lopresti fracture and for his work on classification and treatment of fractures of the calcaneus.
Ricardo Autobahn
John Matthews (born 8 March 1978), better known by his stage name Ricardo Autobahn, is an English producer, songwriter and musician. He is also known in collaborations with Daz Sampson as in Rikki & Daz and the projects like Barndance Boys, Cuban Boys, and his current project Spray.

Rhinestone Cowboy
"Rhinestone Cowboy" is a song written and recorded by Larry Weiss in 1974, then popularized the next year by American country music singer Glen Campbell, and considered to be Campbell's signature song. When released on May 26, 1975, as the lead single and title track from his album Rhinestone Cowboy, it enjoyed huge popularity with both country and pop audiences.
Taycheedah, Wisconsin
Taycheedah (originally Taychedah) is a town in Fond du Lac, United States. The population was 3,666 at the 2000 census. The census-designated places of St. Peter and Taycheedah and the unincorporated communities of Hopokoekau Beach, Linden Beach, Minawa Beach, Peebles, Silica, and Welling Beach are located in the town, as well as Malone, which is partially located in the town.

Silica, Wisconsin
Silica, Wisconsin is an unincorporated community in the Town of Taycheedah in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin. It is located at the intersection of County Highway QQ and Silica Road, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) north of St. Peter.
Vice-President of Malawi
Vice-President of Malawi (Chichewa: Wotsatira wa Mtsogoleri wa Dziko la Malawi; Tumbuka: Wachiŵili kwa Mlongozgi wa charu cha Malaŵi) is the second highest political position in Malawi.

The vice-president is elected on the same ticket with the president. The president can also appoint a second vice-president if he desires. The position was first established in November 1994 to assist the president. However, the office has been mainly ceremonial as its sole purpose is to replace the president in his absence, death, or inability to hold office.

President of Malawi
The president of the Republic of Malawi (Chichewa: Mtsogoleri wa Dziko la Malawi; Tumbuka: Mlongozgi wa Charu cha Malaŵi) is the head of state and head of government of Malawi. The president leads the executive branch of the Government of Malawi and is the commander-in-chief of the Malawian Defence Force. The current president is Peter Mutharika, who has served since being re-elected in September 2025.
Harmon, Oklahoma
Harmon is an unincorporated community in Ellis County, Oklahoma, United States. Harmon is located on U.S. Route 60, 12 miles (19 km) east of Arnett.

Olin Branstetter (1929-2011), businessman and Oklahoma state legislator, was born in Harmon.

Ellis County, Oklahoma
Ellis County is a county located on the western border of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,749, making it the fifth-least populous county in Oklahoma. Its county seat is Arnett.

The county was named for Albert H. Ellis, vice president of the 1906 Constitutional Convention.
Lines of Stollhofen
The Lines of Stollhofen  (German: Bühl-Stollhofener Linie) was a line of defensive earthworks built for the Reichsarmee at the start of the War of the Spanish Succession  (1701–1714) running for about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Stollhofen on the Rhine to the impenetrable woods on the hills east of Bühl.

The lines were constructed by order of Margrave Louis William I of Baden-Baden in order to protect northern Baden from the newly erected French fortress of Fort Louis on the River Rhine.

Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden (German: Ludwig Wilhelm von Baden-Baden; 8 April 1655 – 4 January 1707) was the ruling Margrave of Baden-Baden in Germany, chief commander of the Imperial army and Reichsgeneralfeldmarschall of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also known as Türkenlouis ("Turkish Louis") for his numerous victories against Ottoman forces. After his death in 1707, his wife, Sibylle of Saxe-Lauenburg, acted as regent of Baden-Baden during the minority of his eldest son, who succeeded him as Margrave of Baden-Baden.
EV9 The Amber Route
EuroVelo 9 (EV9), named the Amber Route - is a 1,930 km (1,200 mi) long EuroVelo long-distance cycling route running from the city of Gdańsk, Poland on the Baltic Sea to Pula, Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is called the Amber Route as historically the precious stone amber found in the Baltic region was taken by routes such as this to the Mediterranean Sea. This north-south cycle route runs through Central Europe and passes successively through six countries: Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia, Italy, and Croatia.

Amber Road
The Amber Road was an ancient trade route for the transfer of amber from coastal areas of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. Prehistoric trade routes between Northern and Southern Europe were defined by the amber trade.

As an important commodity, sometimes dubbed "the gold of the north", amber was transported from the North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts overland by way of the Vistula and Dnieper rivers to Italy, Greece, the Black Sea, Syria and Egypt over a period of thousands of years.
Richard H. Leigh
Admiral Richard Henry Leigh CBE (August 12, 1870 – February 4, 1946) was a United States Navy officer who served during the late 19th and early 20th century. His service included active duty in the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, American Intervention in China, World War I, as well as numerous smaller actions in South America. His service during World War I led to the further development of hydrophone technology to hunt submarines. Following World War I Leigh rose to the rank of  four-star admiral and served as Commander, Battle Force, U.S. Fleet (COMBATFOR) from 1931 to 1932 and as Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet (CINCUS) from 1932 to 1933.

Bureau of Navigation (United States Navy)
The U.S. Navy's Bureau of Navigation was established in 1862 as part of the reorganization of the Navy Department. Principal responsibilities were to provide nautical charts and instruments and to oversee several activities involved navigation research, including the Naval Observatory.  In 1889, the Bureau gained responsibilities for personnel management, and this eventually became its primary function.  In 1942, the Bureau was renamed the Bureau of Naval Personnel (BuPers), under which name it continues today.

This bureau is not to be confused with the federal Bureau of Navigation (later the Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspection), established in 1884 to oversee commercial shipping and navigation.
Palazzo Vecchio
The Palazzo Vecchio (Italian: [paˈlattso ˈvɛkkjo]; Italian for 'Old Palace') is the town hall of Florence, Italy. It overlooks the Piazza della Signoria, which holds a copy of Michelangelo's David statue, and the gallery of statues in the adjacent Loggia dei Lanzi.

Originally called the Palazzo della Signoria, after the Signoria of Florence, the ruling body of the Republic of Florence, this building was also known by several other names: Palazzo del Popolo, Palazzo dei Priori, and Palazzo Ducale, in accordance with the varying use of the palace during its long history. The building acquired its current name when the Medici duke's residence was moved across the Arno River to the Palazzo Pitti.

Michelozzo
Michelozzo di Bartolomeo Michelozzi (Italian: [mikeˈlɔttso di bartoloˈmɛːo mikeˈlɔttsi]; c. 1396 – 7 October 1472), known mononymously as Michelozzo, was an Italian architect and sculptor. Considered one of the great pioneers of architecture during the Renaissance, Michelozzo was a favored Medici architect who was extensively employed by Cosimo de' Medici. He was a pupil of Lorenzo Ghiberti in his early years, and later collaborated with Donatello.

Known primarily for designing Palazzo Medici Riccardi in Florence, he is often overshadowed by his contemporaries Donatello in sculpture and Brunelleschi in architecture.
The Navy Lark
The Navy Lark is a radio sitcom about life aboard a British Royal Navy frigate named HMS Troutbridge (a play on HMS Troubridge, a Royal Navy destroyer) based in HMNB Portsmouth. In Series 1 and 2, the ship and crew were stationed offshore at an unnamed location known simply as "The Island". In Series 2, this island was revealed to be owned by Lt. Cdr. Stanton.

For most of its run the show starred Leslie Phillips, Jon Pertwee and Stephen Murray, whose names rotated in order of precedence with each new episode over the entire 15-series run. The programme was transmitted on the BBC Light Programme and subsequently BBC Radio 2. It was produced by Alastair Scott Johnston.

Episodes of The Navy Lark series are regularly replayed on BBC Radio 4 Extra.

Alastair Scott Johnston
Alastair Ninian Scott Johnston (10 November 1917 – 7 October 1992) was a British radio producer working for the BBC, mainly on comedy programmes.

Born in London, he started work in a bank before successfully applying for a junior post at the BBC.  His first job was in creating and using sound effects for radio shows.  During the Second World War he served with distinction in the Grenadier Guards in Burma and India, and on returning to Britain became a producer in the Variety department at the BBC.  His early productions included All Star Bill, Variety Playhouse, and Floggit's.  He helped launch the careers of such performers as Tony Hancock, Anthony Newley, Semprini, Frankie Howerd, Leslie Phillips, and Ronnie Barker.  His longest-lasting role was as producer of The Navy Lark, which he developed with writer Lawrie Wyman, and which ran from 1959 until 1977.

He was married twice.  He died at his home, "Dumble Dore", in Stanford Dingley, Berkshire, in 1992 at the age of 74.
José González Ganoza
José Manuel González Ganoza (10 July 1954 – 8 December 1987), sometimes known as Caíco, was a Peruvian international footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

González Ganoza was among the victims of the 1987 Alianza Lima air disaster.

His nephew, Paolo Guerrero, is also a football player, who is the Peru national team's all time leading goalscorer.

1987 Alianza Lima plane crash
The 1987 Alianza Lima air disaster occurred on 8 December 1987, when a Peruvian Navy Fokker F27-400M chartered by Peruvian football club Alianza Lima crashed into the Pacific Ocean seven miles from Jorge Chávez International Airport near the city of Callao. Of the 43 people on board, only the pilot survived.

The Peruvian Naval Aviation Commission investigated the accident and created a report but never officially disclosed its content. Eventually, the Navy's accident report was discovered and details of it were released. In the report, investigators cited pilot error as the primary cause of the accident.
True Spirit (Ronnie Laws album)
True Spirit is a studio album by American saxophonist Ronnie Laws, produced by Laws and Wayne Henderson and released in 1989 via Par Records. The album peaked at No. 13 on the US Billboard Top Contemporary Jazz Albums chart.

Larry Dunn
Larry Dunn (born Lorenzo Russell Dunn; June 19, 1953) is an American keyboardist, producer, songwriter and musical director, known as one of the original members of the music group Earth, Wind & Fire. Dunn was inducted, as a former band member, into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Colorado Music Hall of Fame. Dunn has received the ASCAP Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award, 7 Grammy Awards, 4 American Music Awards and a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Dunn is a co-composer of EWF's "Shining Star", a song that's been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

As a record producer, Dunn is best known for his work with Lenny White, Caldera, Ramsey Lewis, Level 42, Twennynine, Ronnie Laws, Raphael Saadiq, The Emotions, Dee Dee Bridgewater and Brian Culbertson.
Frenuloplasty of tongue
A frenuloplasty of tongue is a frenuloplasty of the frenulum of tongue.

A tight frenulum in this context is sometimes referred to as "tongue-tie" which is also known as ankyloglossia.  In this condition the frenulum of the tongue restricts range of motion which may interfere with breastfeeding or speech. A less extensive clipping of the lingual frenulum is known as a frenotomy.

Frenulum of the tongue
The frenulum (or frenum) of the tongue, tongue web, lingual frenulum, frenulum linguae, or fraenulum is a small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the human tongue.
Thynnichthys
Thynnichthys is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which also includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. The fishes in this genus are found in southern Asia from India to Borneo.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Kite types
Kites are tethered flying objects which fly by using aerodynamic lift, requiring wind (or towing) for generation of airflow over the lifting surfaces.

Various types of kites exist, depending on features such as material, shape, use, or operating skills. Kites may fly in air, water, or other fluids such as gas and other liquid gaining lift through deflection of the supporting medium. Variations in design of tethering systems and lifting surfaces are regularly introduced, with lifting surfaces varying in stiffness from limp sheet material to fully solid material.

Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence (also chemoluminescence) is the emission of light (luminescence) as the result of a chemical reaction, i.e. a chemical reaction results in a flash or glow of light.  A standard example of chemiluminescence in the laboratory setting is the luminol test.  Here, blood is indicated by luminescence upon contact with iron in hemoglobin. When chemiluminescence takes place in living organisms, the phenomenon is called bioluminescence. A light stick emits light by chemiluminescence.
Paranauphoeta
Paranauphoeta is a genus of South East Asian cockroaches in the family Blaberidae and the monotypic subfamily Paranauphoetinae Rehn, 1951, erected by Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1865.  Species records are from India, China, Indochina, Malesia and New Guinea.

Blaberidae
Giant cockroaches, or blaberids (family Blaberidae), are the second-largest cockroach family by number of species.  Mostly distributed in warmer climates worldwide, this family is based on the American genus Blaberus, but much of the diversity is also found in Africa and Asia.
Arnold Diaz
Arnold Theodore Diaz (June 16, 1949 – October 24, 2023) was an American television consumer watchdog journalist, last employed by WPIX-TV in New York. Diaz was known for his Shame on You series of consumer reports which aired on WCBS-TV for over twenty years. Diaz also worked for ABC News and WNYW in similar capacities, with the latter taking a page from WCBS and naming the segment Shame Shame Shame. He focused most of his reports on exposing wrongdoing and incompetence by private industry and government agencies. His reports have led to jail time for a number of scam artists.

WNYW
WNYW (channel 5) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the Fox television network, owned and operated through its Fox Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Secaucus, New Jersey–licensed MyNetworkTV flagship WWOR-TV (channel 9), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on East 67th Street in Manhattan's Lenox Hill neighborhood; WNYW's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
Seonjo of Joseon
Seonjo (Korean: 선조; Hanja: 宣祖; 6 December 1552 – 6 March 1608), personal name Yi Yeon (이연; 李昖), was the 14th monarch of Joseon (now Korea). He was known for promoting Korean Confucianism and attempting reforms at the beginning of his reign. However, he later gained infamy from the political discord and his incompetent leadership during the Imjin War.

Yu Sŏngnyong
Yu Sŏngnyong (Korean: 유성룡; Hanja: 柳成龍; 7 November 1542 – May 1607), also known as Ryu Sŏngnyong (Korean: 류성룡), was a scholar-official of the Joseon period of Korea. He held many responsibilities, including the Chief State Councillor position in 1592. He was a member of the "Eastern faction" and a follower of Yi Hwang.
Valley of the Golden Mummies
The Valley of the Golden Mummies is a large burial site at Bahariya Oasis in the Western Desert of Egypt, dating to the Greco-Roman period. Discovered in 1996 by Zahi Hawass and his Egyptian team, approximately two hundred fifty mummies approximately two thousand years old were recovered over the period of several seasons. Eventually, the excavator further estimated a total of more than ten thousand mummies.

Bahariya Oasis
Bahariya Oasis (Arabic: الواحات البحرية, romanized: El-Wāḥāt El-Baḥrīya, "the Northern Oases") is a depression and a naturally rich oasis in the Western Desert of Egypt. It is approximately 370 km away from Cairo. The roughly oval valley extends from northeast to southwest, has a length of 94 km, a maximum width of 42 km and covers an area of about 2000 km2.

The valley is surrounded by mountains and has numerous springs. Located in Giza Governorate, the main economic sectors are agriculture, iron ore mining, and tourism. The main agricultural products are guavas, mangos, dates, and olives.