hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kachin State
Kachin State (Burmese: ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: Jinghpaw Mungdaw) is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, respectively), Shan State to the south, and Sagaing Region and India (Arunachal Pradesh) to the west. It lies between north latitude 23° 27' and 28° 25' longitude 96° 0' and 98° 44'. The area of Kachin State is 89,041 km2 (34,379 sq mi). The capital of the state is Myitkyina. Other important towns include Bhamo, Mohnyin and Putao.

Kachin State has Myanmar's highest mountain, Hkakabo Razi at 5,889 metres (19,321 ft), forming the southern tip of the Himalayas, and a large inland lake, Indawgyi Lake. It also has the most national parks of any administrative division in Myanmar, that being three.

Jingpo people
The Jingpo people (Burmese: ဂျိန်းဖော; Chinese: 景颇族; pinyin: Jǐngpō zú; siŋphou), also spelt Jinghpaw or Jingphaw, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group who inhabit northern Myanmar, northeastern India, and southwestern China. The Jingpo are the largest subgroup of the Kachin peoples. The Jingpo speak the Jingpo language, which is used as a lingua franca among the Kachin peoples and is distantly related to other Kachin languages.
Kond Rud, Tabriz
Kond Rud (Persian: كندرود) is a village in, and the former capital of, Meydan Chay Rural District in Basmenj District of Tabriz County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. The capital of the rural district has been transferred to the village of Nematabad.

Nematabad, East Azerbaijan
Nematabad (Persian: نعمت اباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Meydan Chay Rural District in Basmenj District of Tabriz County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kond Rud.
Robert French
Robert Shenton French (born 1947) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and was Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia from 2008 to 2017. From 2017 to 2024, he was chancellor of the University of Western Australia, of which he is a graduate. He served as an overseas non-permanent judge of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal from 2017 to 2025.

Chief Justice of Australia
The chief justice of Australia is the presiding justice of the High Court of Australia and the highest-ranking judicial officer in the Commonwealth of Australia. The incumbent is Stephen Gageler, since 6 November 2023.
Samegai-juku
Samegai-juku (醒井宿, Samegai-juku) was the sixty-first of the sixty-nine post stations on the Nakasendō, a highway connecting Edo (present-day Tokyo) and Kyoto during the Edo period of Japan. Located in what is now Maibara in Shiga Prefecture, the post town developed around the clear spring Isame no Shimizu and the Jizogawa River. Several Edo-period buildings and waterways survive, and the area forms part of the Japan Heritage listing “Lake Biwa and its Waterside Landscape—Water Heritage of Prayer and Life.”

Maibara, Shiga
Maibara (米原市, Maibara-shi) is a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 September 2021, the city had an estimated population of 38,259 in 14761 households and a population density of 150 persons per km². The total area of the city is 250.39 square kilometres (96.68 sq mi).
Siberian Research Technological Design Institute of Processing of Agricultural Products
Siberian Research Technological Design Institute of Processing of Agricultural Products (Russian: Сибирский научно-исследовательский и технологический институт переработки сельскохозяйственной продукции) is a research institute in Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It was founded in 1988.

Krasnoobsk
Krasnoobsk (Russian: Краснообск) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Novosibirsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia, located southeast of Novosibirsk's Kirovsky City District. Krasnoobsk is a Science town (Naukograd) of the Russian Federation. Population: 23,768.
Pulangi River
The Pulangi River (Cebuano pronunciation IPA [puˈlaŋi]); (Maguindanaon pronunciation: [pʊˈlaːŋɪ]), also spelled Pulangui, is one of the major tributaries of the Rio Grande de Mindanao, an extensive river system in Mindanao, Philippines. With a length of 320 kilometres (199 mi), it is the longest river in Bukidnon and the 5th longest river in the Philippines. It traverses through majority of the cities and municipalities of Bukidnon from its source in Barangay Kalabugao, Impasugong, Bukidnon.

San Fernando, Bukidnon
San Fernando, officially the Municipality of San Fernando (Cebuano: Lungsod sa San Fernando; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Fernando), is a  municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 63,045 people.
Giovanni Rota (luthier)
Giovanni Rota (1767-before 1829) apprenticed under the influential Italian luthier Lorenzo Storioni from approximately 1787 to 1792, and spent his later years between Cremona and Mantua as a luthier. Not much about Giovanni's early life is known, save for his apprenticeship under this famous luthier. He was born in Cremona, Italy which at the time was under control of the Austrian Empire, and was in close contact with Giovanni Battista Ceruti, who was also apprenticed under Lorenzo Stiorini.

It is speculated that because Giovanni worked under other luthiers, much of his work was never attributed under to him. This adds to the rarity of violins with his name on them, as there are few that he crafted independently.

It was in Mantua where Giovanni worked with the luthier Tommaso Balestrieri, and moved there after eagerly finishing his apprenticeship under Lorenzo Stiorini.

Giovanni Battista Ceruti
Giovanni Battista Ceruti (1756–1817) was an Italian violin maker, and is considered a direct link to the grand tradition of the Cremonese master violin makers of the 18th century. He is known for his violins, cellos and double basses.
Mile End Sports Ground
The Mile End Sports Ground was a football stadium located in Blata l-Bajda, Hamrun, Malta, just across the present Victor Tedesco Stadium.

Between its opening in 1912 and the inauguration of the Empire Stadium in Gżira, the Mile End SG was considered to be the 'Mecca of Maltese Football'. During the said period the stadium used to host all the important matches of the Maltese civilian football calendar, particularly matches of the Football Championship.

Empire Stadium (Gżira)
The Empire Stadium, also known as the Gżira Stadium or just The Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium in Gżira, Malta. 
It was used mostly for football matches and hosted the home matches of the Maltese national football team, including the very first international match for Malta in 1957 against Austria. It also hosted the final of the Maltese Cup. The stadium was able to hold 30,000 spectators and originally opened in 1922. It was notorious for its sandy pitch. The stadium hosted its final game in 1981, being replaced by the modern Ta' Qali Stadium.
Suganuma Sadamichi
Suganuma Sadamichi (Japanese: 菅沼貞道) was a samurai commander during Japan's Sengoku period, who served Tokugawa Ieyasu.

He fought in the 1570 Battle of Anegawa against Asai clan and Asakura clan.
He also fought in the 1573 Siege of Noda Castle, in which he attempted to defend Noda castle against Takeda Shingen.

It is unclear whether Sadamichi is the same person as Suganuma Sadamitsu (1542–1604), who served the Imagawa and Tokugawa.: 79–80

Suganuma Sadamitsu
Suganuma Sadamitsu (菅沼 定盈) (1542–1604) was a samurai commander of the Suganuma clan during Japan's Sengoku period. Originally serving under the Imagawa clan, until the year of 1560, Sadamitsu then entered the service of the Tokugawa. After years of loyal service to Tokugawa Ieyasu in battles such as Anegawa and Nagashino, in 1601 he was granted a 20,000-koku fief in Nagashima in Ise province.

It is not fully clear whether Sadamitsu is the same person as Suganuma Sadamichi who lived around the same time.
Aporpium
Aporpium is a genus of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are formed on dead wood and have a poroid hymenium. Species were often formerly referred to the genera Elmerina or Protomerulius, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Aporpium is a distinct, mainly north temperate genus.

Elmerina
Elmerina is a genus of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are formed on dead wood and are either bracket-like with a poroid hymenium or densely clavarioid. Species are known from East Asia and Australia.
Demarcation problem
In philosophy of science and epistemology, the demarcation problem is the question of how to distinguish between science and non-science. It also examines the boundaries between science, pseudoscience and other products of human activity, like art and literature and beliefs. The debate continues after more than two millennia of dialogue among philosophers of science and scientists in various fields. The debate has consequences for what can be termed "scientific" in topics such as education and public policy.: 26, 35

Non-science
A non-science is an area of study that is not scientific, especially one that is not a natural science or a social science that is an object of scientific inquiry.  In this model, history, art, and religion are all examples of non-sciences.
Jasper Carrott
Robert Norman Davis OBE (born 14 March 1945), known by his stage name, Jasper Carrott, is an English comedian, writer, actor, singer and television presenter. His credits include An Audience With Jasper Carrott (1978), The Secret Policeman's Other Ball (1982), Carrott's Lib (1982-1983), Jane and the Lost City (1987), Carrott's Commercial Breakdown (1989-1996), Canned Carrott (1990-1995), The Detectives (1993-1997), All About Me (2002–2004), and Golden Balls (2007–2009).

Bev Bevan
Beverley "Bev" Bevan (born 25 November 1944) is an English rock musician who was the drummer and one of the original members of the Move and Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). After the end of ELO in 1986, he founded ELO Part II.

Bevan also was a drummer for Black Sabbath during the Born Again Tour, and later played percussion on The Eternal Idol in 1987. Bevan was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017 as a member of Electric Light Orchestra.
Georgina Theodora Wood
Georgina Theodora Wood JSC OSG (née Lutterodt; born 8 June 1947) is a Ghanaian former judge and a former police prosecution officer. She was the first woman Chief Justice of Ghana. She retired in 2017 after five decades of service to the state. She is a member of the Council of State.

Council of State (Ghana)
The Council of State in Ghana is a body of prominent citizens, analogous to the Council of Elders in the traditional political system, which advises the president on national issues.

The Council of State was established by Articles 89 to 92 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana: "There shall be a Council of State to counsel the President in the performance of his functions."
Micklegate
Micklegate is a street in the City of York, England. The name means "Great Street", from the Old Norse gata for street.

Micklegate is described by York City Council as "one of the most handsome streets in Yorkshire", and was described by Nikolaus Pevsner as "...without any doubt the most architecturally rewarding street in York".  The street contains three medieval churches and four Grade I listed buildings. Most buildings are three- or four-storey Georgian structures.

The name Micklegate is sometimes applied to a slightly broader area, including the side streets Toft Green, Priory Street, Trinity Lane and St Martin's Lane.  The Micklegate ward for elections to the City Council covers a larger area, spreading beyond the city walls.

York city walls
York has, since Roman times, been defended by walls of one form or another. To this day, substantial portions of the walls remain, and York has more miles of intact wall than any other city in England. They are known variously as York City Walls, the Bar Walls and the Roman walls (though this last is a misnomer as very little of the extant stonework is of Roman origin, and the course of the wall has been substantially altered since Roman times). The walls are generally 13 feet (4 m) high and 6 feet (1.8 m) wide. They are the longest town walls in England.
Pendas Fields
53°48′40″N 1°25′48″W﻿ / ﻿53.811°N 1.430°W﻿ / 53.811; -1.430

Pendas Fields, or Penda's Fields is a private, suburban housing estate in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is considered part of Cross Gates, as is Manston. Swarcliffe is close, and Cock Beck runs nearby. The area falls within the Cross Gates and Whinmoor wards of the Leeds Metropolitan Council.

Pendas Fields and Barnbow Wood are associated with the Battle of the Winwaed in 655 AD (with "Pendas Fields" named for Penda of Mercia, the king who died at the battle).

It has its own sports centre and secondary school – John Smeaton Academy, named after 18th-century civil engineer John Smeaton.

Penda's Way railway station (opened in 1939) on the Cross Gates to Wetherby Line was in the area but closed in 1964 before the Pendas Fields estate was built in the 1980s.

Cross Gates
Cross Gates (often spelled Crossgates) is a suburb in east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.

The area sits between Seacroft and Swarcliffe to the north, Whitkirk and Colton to the south, Killingbeck to the west and Austhorpe to the south east. Manston and Pendas Fields are also generally regarded as part of Cross Gates. It serves as an important transport hub for the nearby large housing estates of Seacroft, Whinmoor and Gipton.

At the 2011 census, Cross Gates had a population of 7,770, situated in the Cross Gates & Whinmoor ward of Leeds City Council with a population of 22,099.
Bukit Purmei
Bukit Purmei Chinese: 武吉宝美; pinyin: Wǔjí Bǎoměi  is a small housing estate within Bukit Merah planning area in Singapore, near Telok Blangah estate. Bukit Purmei consists of 15 HDB blocks, private apartments and landed property.

Within the estate, there is Bukit Purmei Hillock Park, a Chinese temple, a church, a small Malay-Muslim cemetery and a Malay shrine called Keramat Bukit Kasita.

The roads serving the estate are Bukit Purmei Ave, Bukit Purmei Rd and Bukit Teresa Rd.

The name means "Serene Hill" in Malay. The word "Purmei" is an older spelling of the standard Malay "Permai" ("serene").

Telok Blangah
Telok Blangah (IPA: /ˈtəloʊk ˌblɑːŋɑː/ TUH-lohk BLAHNG-ah, Chinese: 直落布兰雅, Tamil: தெலுக் பிளாங்கா) is a subzone region and housing estate located in the area behind Keppel Harbour in Bukit Merah, Singapore. Telok Blangah is represented by three contiguous subzones of Bukit Merah in URA masterplans: Telok Blangah Drive, Telok Blangah Way and Telok Blangah Rise.
Raza point score system
The Raza point score system is a method in Paralympic athletics field competitions for comparing throws or jumps by athletes of differing levels of disability. In events where athletes of multiple different classifications compete, performances are converted to point scores by a formula which accounts for the athletes' classifications. This means that a more disabled athlete may beat a less disabled competitor with a slightly shorter throw or jump.

Para-athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer (of which the club throw is sometimes considered the para-athletic equivalent) and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
United States national junior American football team
The United States national U-19 American football team represents the United States in under-19 international American football competitions. The US has competed in all five IFAF Junior World Championship competitions in which they won two gold, two silver, and one bronze medal. The US has also won the IFAF International Bowl seven times. They are currently ranked no.2 in the IFAF U-19 rankings. Top competitions for the U-19s are the IFAF Junior World Championship, IFAF International Bowl, and U-19 North American Championships.

Many top NFL players have gone through the U-19 National team, including Chase Young, Jameis Winston, Mac Jones, Dwayne Haskins, Todd Gurley, Trevon Diggs, and Mecole Hardman.

2016 IFAF U-19 World Championship
The 2016 IFAF U-19 World Championship was an international American football tournament for junior teams (19 years and under) that took place at Harbin, China from June 29 to July 10. This is the first time that China has hosted an international American football competition.

Teams were split into higher and lower groups by seeding. Three teams from higher seeded group and one team from lower seeded group would advance to the semi-final.
Petri net
A Petri net, also known as a place/transition net (PT net), is one of several mathematical modeling languages for the description of distributed systems.  It is a class of discrete event dynamic system. A Petri net is a directed bipartite graph that has two types of elements: places and transitions. Place elements are depicted as white circles and transition elements are depicted as rectangles. 
A place can contain any number of tokens, depicted as black circles. A transition is enabled if all places connected to it as inputs contain at least one token.
Like industry standards such as UML activity diagrams, Business Process Model and Notation, and event-driven process chains, Petri nets offer a graphical notation for stepwise processes that include choice, iteration, and concurrent execution. Unlike these standards, Petri nets have an exact mathematical definition of their execution semantics, with a well-developed mathematical theory for process analysis.

Kahn process networks
A Kahn process network (KPN, or process network) is a distributed model of computation in which a group of deterministic sequential processes communicate through unbounded first in, first out channels. The model requires that reading from a channel is blocking while writing is non-blocking. Due to these key restrictions, the resulting process network exhibits deterministic behavior that does not depend on the timing of computation nor on communication delays.

Kahn process networks were originally developed for modeling parallel programs, but have proven convenient for modeling embedded systems, high-performance computing systems, signal processing systems, stream processing systems, dataflow programming languages, and other computational tasks. KPNs were introduced by Gilles Kahn in 1974.
Färjestad BK
Färjestad Bollklubb (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈfæ̌rjɛsta]; abbreviated as FBK) is a Swedish professional ice hockey team based in Karlstad.

Färjestad has had 21 Swedish Championship final appearances, winning ten times since the Swedish Hockey League (SHL; formerly Elitserien) was started in 1975, making them the most successful SHL club in history. The team plays in the highest Swedish league and have done so since 1965. Following Brynäs IF's relegation to HockeyAllsvenskan in 2023, Färjestad is the only team to have constantly played in the current top tier of Swedish hockey, the SHL, since it was started in 1975. They reached the SHL championship finals for six consecutive seasons (2001–2006), winning the championship two times. They are featured rivals with Djurgårdens IF, Frölunda HC, and HV71.

HV71
HV71 (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhôːveː ˌɧɵtːɪˈɛtː]), often referred to as just HV, is a Swedish professional ice hockey club based in Jönköping, playing in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), the first tier of Swedish ice hockey. The team played in the 2008–09 Champions Hockey League season, and has also participated in the new Champions Hockey League tournament since the 2014–15 season. Between 2008 and 2013, HV also participated in the European Trophy tournament. With the exception of a one-year stint in the 2021–22 season in Sweden's second tier, HockeyAllsvenskan, where they won the promotion playoffs, the club has played continuously in the SHL since being promoted in the 1984–85 season.
Karrharde Frisian
Karrharde Frisian is a dialect of the North Frisian language spoken in the municipalities of Stedesand and Enge-Sande in the German Amt of Südtondern (formerly Karrharde) in the district of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Holstein. It is a mainland dialect of North Frisian. The language is in danger of extinction, having a dwindling number of native speakers and no formal schooling offered to educate younger speakers.

North Frisian language
North Frisian is a minority language of Germany, spoken by about 10,000 people in North Frisia. The language is part of the larger group of the West Germanic Frisian languages. The language comprises 10 dialects which are themselves divided into an insular and a mainland group.

North Frisian is closely related to the Saterland Frisian language of Northwest Germany and West Frisian which is spoken in the Netherlands.

North Frisian is relict in Denmark.
Malacoglanis
Malacoglanis is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Trichomycteridae and the subfamily Sarcoglanidinae, the psammmophilic catfishes, the only species in the genus is Malacoglanis gelatinosus. This fish grows to about 2 centimetres (0.79 in) SL. and is native to the Caquetá River basin of Colombia. Stauroglanis is the sister group to a monophyletic group formed by Malacoglanis and Sarcoglanis.

Stauroglanis
Stauroglanis is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Trichomycteridae and the subfamily Sarcoglanidinae, the psammmophilic catfishes, the only species in the genus is Stauroglanis gouldingi.
Through the Looking Glass (Lost)
"Through the Looking Glass" is the third-season finale of the ABC television series Lost, consisting of the 22nd and 23rd episodes of the third season. It is also the 71st and 72nd episodes overall. The episodes were written by co-creator/executive producer Damon Lindelof and executive producer Carlton Cuse, and directed by executive producer Jack Bender. It first aired on May 23, 2007 in the United States and Canada and was watched by an average of 14 million American viewers. Like the previous two season finales, it was two hours long with advertisements, twice the length of a normal episode. It was edited into two individual episodes when released on DVD. The episode garnered a number of awards and nominations, including three Primetime Emmy Awards nominations and a Directors Guild of America Award nomination.

John Locke (Lost)
John Locke is a fictional character played by Terry O'Quinn on the ABC television series Lost.  He is named after the English philosopher of the same name. In 2007, O'Quinn won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his portrayal of Locke.

Locke is introduced in the first season as a mysterious, intellectual and stoic character with an affinity for living out in the wild and a penchant for hunting and tracking. He believes in mystical and spiritual explanations for why things happen on the island due to an objective "miracle" happening to him after the crash of Oceanic 815. His eccentric and at times selfish behaviour results in him being repeatedly distrusted by the other survivors. His stoicism and mystical outlook dominate his character and are the basis for many of his relationships and interactions on the show.