hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Elands River (1901)
The Battle of Elands River took place near the Elands River Poort mountain pass on 17 September 1901 during the Second Boer War. During the battle a Boer raiding force under Jan Smuts destroyed a British cavalry squadron led by Captain Sandeman, a cousin of Winston Churchill, on the Modderfontein farm. This battle is therefore also known as the Battle of Modderfontein.

George Vivian, 4th Baron Vivian
George Crespigny Brabazon Vivian, 4th Baron Vivian DSO TD DL (21 January 1878 – 28 December 1940) was a British soldier from the Vivian family who served with distinction in both the Second Anglo-Boer War and World War I.
Dale Joseph Melczek
Dale Joseph Melczek (November 9, 1938 – August 25, 2022) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.  He served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Detroit in Michigan from 1982 to 1992 and as bishop of the Diocese of Gary in Indiana from 1996 until 2014.

Archdiocese of Detroit
The Archdiocese of Detroit (Latin: Archidiœcesis Detroitensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the south-east portion of Michigan in the United States. It is the metropolitan archdiocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit, which includes all the dioceses in the state of Michigan. It was erected in 1833 and elevated to an archdiocese in 1937. The Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament is the mother church. The Basilica of Sainte Anne de Détroit is the second oldest continuously operating Catholic parish in the United States, dating to 1701.
Mantas Kalnietis
Mantas Kalnietis (born 6 September 1986) is a Lithuanian former professional basketball player who last played for Žalgiris Kaunas of the Lithuanian Basketball League (LKL) and the EuroLeague. He was also a member of the Lithuanian national basketball team. He would preferably take the point guard position, but could play shooting guard as well.

PBC Lokomotiv Kuban
PBC Lokomotiv Kuban (Russian: ПБК «Локомотив Кубань») is a Russian professional basketball team based in Krasnodar. It participates in the VTB United League.

Their honour list includes a EuroCup championship in the 2012–13 season, and two Russian Cup victories in 1999–00 and 2017–18.
Kenan Sipahi
Kenan Sipahi (Albanian: Kenan Spahiu; born May 26, 1995) is a Kosovo-born Turkish professional basketball player for Bahçeşehir Koleji of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL). Standing at 6 ft 5.75 in (1.97 m), he plays at the point guard position.

Karşıyaka Basket
Karşıyaka Basket is a Turkish professional basketball team located in Karşıyaka, İzmir, that competes in the Turkish Basketball Super League. It is a section of the multi-sport club Karşıyaka SK. The team also goes by the name of KSK, which stands for Karşıyaka Spor Kulübü (i.e. Karşıyaka Sport Club).
Marthe Cohn
Marthe Hoffnung Cohn (13 April 1920 – 20 May 2025) was a French nurse, spy, Holocaust survivor and author. She wrote about her experiences as a spy at the end of World War II in the book Behind Enemy Lines (2002).

Medal of the Nation's Gratitude
The Medal of the Nation's Gratitude (French: "Medaille de Reconnaissance de la Nation") is a French state decoration established on 12 April 2002 by decree 2002-511 and awarded to civilians, veterans of civil or military service, and to members of the French armed forces previously awarded the "Title of the Nation's Gratitude", a governmental scroll certifying to honorable service abroad.

The medal was primarily established to replace the North Africa medal with broader and more inclusive prerequisites following years of pressure on the French government by veterans' organizations.
Munyegera
Munyegera is an administrative ward in Buhigwe District  of Kigoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 14,801 people in the ward, from 13,447 in 2012.: 124 : 152

Buhigwe District
Buhigwe District is one of the eight districts of the Kigoma Region of Tanzania. It is one of the 20 new districts that were formed in Tanzania since 2010; it was split off from Kasulu Rural District. Buhigwe District is bordered to the north by Burundi, to the east by Kasulu Rural District and Kasulu Urban District, and to the west by Kigoma Rural District. Its administrative seat is the town of Buhigwe.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Buhigwe District was 240,005.
Buckbarrow
Buckbarrow is a small fell in the English Lake District overlooking the western end of Wastwater. It is featured in Alfred Wainwright’s Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells and is given a height of 1,410 ft approximately; however, the Ordnance Survey and other guidebooks now give an altitude of 423 m (1,388 ft). The fell’s name means ‘The hill of the buck or goat’. It is derived either from the Old English word bucc meaning buck or the Old Norse word bokki meaning a male goat.

Wast Water
Wast Water or Wastwater (/ˈwɒst wɔːtər/) is a lake located in Wasdale, a valley in the western part of the Lake District National Park, England. The lake is almost three miles (five kilometres) long and more than one-third mile (500 m) wide. It is a glacial lake, formed in a glacially "over-deepened" valley. It is the deepest lake in England at 258 feet (79 m). The surface of the lake is about 200 feet (60 m) above sea level, while its bottom is over 50 feet (15 m) below sea level. It is considered relatively clear (oligotrophic). It is owned by the National Trust.
Hochtaunuskreis
The Hochtaunuskreis is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany and is part of the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Neighbouring districts are Lahn-Dill, Wetteraukreis, district-free Frankfurt, Main-Taunus-Kreis, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis, Limburg-Weilburg.

The Hochtaunuskreis and the Landkreis Starnberg regularly compete for the title of the wealthiest district in Germany.

Wetteraukreis
The Wetteraukreis is a Kreis (district) in the middle of Hesse, Germany. Neighbouring districts are Landkreis Gießen, Vogelsbergkreis, Main-Kinzig-Kreis, district-free Stadt Frankfurt, Hochtaunuskreis and Lahn-Dill-Kreis.
Angus Wright (producer)
Angus Mackenzie Nicholson Wright (11 April 1934 – 15 June 2012) was a British television producer; he was co-founder and managing director of The Britt Allcroft Company PLC until his retirement in 1997.

Gullane Entertainment
Gullane Entertainment Limited was a British independent production company which produced children's programming, including Thomas & Friends (1984–2021), Shining Time Station (1989–1995), The Magic Adventures of Mumfie (1994–1998), Captain Pugwash (1950–2008), Art Attack (1990–2007), Sooty (1955–present) and Fireman Sam (1987–present). The company was purchased by HIT Entertainment in 2002, and went defunct within the same year. As of today, most of Gullane's library is currently owned by toy company Mattel as a result of their subsequent acquisition of HIT Entertainment.
Bath Iron Works
Bath Iron Works (BIW) is a major United States shipyard located on the Kennebec River in Bath, Maine, founded in 1884 as Bath Iron Works, Limited. Since 1995, Bath Iron Works has been a subsidiary of General Dynamics, one of the world's largest defense companies. BIW has built private, commercial, and military vessels, most of which have been ordered by the United States Navy.

USS Louis H. Wilson Jr.
USS Louis H. Wilson Jr. (DDG-126) will be an Arleigh Burke-class (Flight III) Aegis guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy, the second of the Flight III variants. She is named after U.S. Marine Corps General Louis H. Wilson Jr., recipient of the Medal of Honor. On 17 September 2016 she was named by Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus.

Bath Iron Works began fabrication of the vessel on 3 March 2020.
Straumsfjorden, Agder
Straumsfjorden or Straumfjorden is a lake that is located along the border of the municipalities of Bygland and Valle in Agder county, Norway. The lake has a dam on the south end which discharges into the Hjellevatn lake and eventually travels to the lake Topsæ and the Tovdalselva river drainage basin.  The lake sits in the southeastern part of the municipality, about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) southeast of the village of Rysstad and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of Besteland.

Artifacts dating back to the Iron Age have been found along the lake.

Bygland
Bygland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bygland. Other villages in the municipality include Åraksbø, Austad, Byglandsfjord, Grendi, Langeid, Lauvdal, Litveit, Longerak, Moi, Ose, Sandnes, Skåmedal, and Tveit. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the municipality, following the river Otra where most of the population of Bygland lives.

The 1,312-square-kilometre (507 sq mi) municipality is the 76th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bygland is the 323rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,136. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Port Norris, New Jersey
Port Norris is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Commercial Township, in Cumberland County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2000 United States census, the CDP's population was 1,377. Legislation was passed in 1911, allowing voters to choose to incorporate Port Norris as a borough, independent from Commercial Township, but it was defeated in a referendum.

Commercial Township, New Jersey
Commercial Township is a township in Cumberland County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the Vineland-Bridgeton metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 4,669, a decrease of 509 (−9.8%) from the 2010 census count of 5,178, which in turn reflected a decline of 81 (−1.5%) from the 5,259 counted in the 2000 census.

Commercial Township was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 27, 1874, from portions of Downe Township. The township was named for its shellfish industry.
United States Navy systems commands
The systems commands, abbreviated as SysCom or SYSCOM, are the materiel agencies of the United States Department of the Navy, responsible for the design, construction, and maintenance of military systems such as ships, aircraft, facilities, and weapons.  The systems commands replaced the Navy bureau system in 1966 and report to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition. The current Navy systems commands are:

Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA)

Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR)

Naval Information Warfare Systems Command (NAVWAR) (formerly SPAWAR),

Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command (NAVFAC)

Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP)

Marine Corps Systems Command (MCSC)

The Office of Naval Research is sometimes grouped with the systems commands, although it has a different mission geared towards scientific research rather than weapon systems development and acquisition.

Naval Supply Systems Command
40°13′46″N 76°59′4″W﻿ / ﻿40.22944°N 76.98444°W﻿ / 40.22944; -76.98444

The Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP) is a military unit of the United States Navy that serves supply command for providing supplies and services to both the Navy and the United States Marine Corps. Located in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, the NAVSUP team oversees supply chain management and security assistance. It replaced the Bureau of Supplies and Accounts (BuSandA), the previous Navy supply organization, in 1966.

The Naval Supply Systems Command was formed in 1962 under the name of the Naval Fleet Material Support Office (FMSO), later being renamed to Navy Supply Information Systems Activity (NAVSISA) and ultimately becoming Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP) in 1966.

As of June 2023, Rear Admiral Kenneth W. Epps assumed the role of Commander for NAVSUP.
William de Chesney
William de Chesney (flourished 1142–1161) was an Anglo-Norman magnate during the reign of King Stephen of England (reigned 1135–1154) and King Henry II of England (reigned 1154–1189). Chesney was part of a large family; one of his brothers became Bishop of Lincoln and another Abbot of Evesham Abbey. Stephen may have named him Sheriff of Oxfordshire. Besides his administrative offices, Chesney controlled a number of royal castles and served Stephen during some of the king's English military campaigns. Chesney's heir was his niece, Matilda, who married Henry fitzGerold.

High Sheriff of Oxfordshire
The High Sheriff of Oxfordshire, in common with other counties, was originally the King's representative on taxation upholding the law in Saxon times. The word Sheriff evolved from 'shire-reeve'.

The title of High Sheriff is therefore much older than the other crown appointment, the Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire, which came about after 1545. Between 1248 and 1566 Berkshire and Oxfordshire formed a joint shrievalty (apart from a brief period in 1258/9). See High Sheriff of Berkshire.
Philippine offshore gaming operator
Philippine offshore gaming operators (POGOs), renamed Internet gaming licensees (IGLs) in October 2023, are firms operating in the Philippines that offer online gambling services to markets outside the country, with a significant portion catering to the Chinese market. POGOs began operating in the Philippines in 2003.

They have been regulated by the Philippine government since 2016, at the start of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency. During this period, the industry flourished and generated significant revenues for the Philippine government. POGOs were eventually banned and declared illegal by President Bongbong Marcos.

Win Gatchalian
Sherwin Ting Gatchalian (born April 6, 1974), known as Win Gatchalian, is a Filipino politician and businessman serving as a Senator since 2016. A member of the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), he previously served as the Representative of Valenzuela's 1st district from 2001 to 2004 and from 2013 to 2016. He was the Mayor of Valenzuela from 2004 to 2013.
Caledonian Railway Single
Caledonian Railway Single No. 123 is a one-off preserved Scottish steam locomotive. The unique 4-2-2 was built by Neilson and Company in 1886, works No. 3553, as an exhibition locomotive. In 1914 it was placed on the Caledonian Railway duplicate list, and renumbered 1123. It entered London, Midland and Scottish Railway service in 1923 and the LMS renumbered it 14010 and gave it the power classification 1P. During the 1920s it was allocated to working the directors' saloon, but it was returned to ordinary service in 1930. The locomotive was withdrawn in 1935, by which time it was the last single-wheeled express engine running in Britain, and set aside for preservation.

This engine could reach speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h).

Restored to steam by British Railways in 1958, it ran railtours and enthusiast specials until the end of steam in Scotland.

Sandbox (locomotive)
A sandbox is a container on most locomotives, multiple units and trams that holds sand, which is dropped on the rail in front of the driving wheels in wet and slippery conditions and on steep grades to improve traction.
Kończyce Małe
Kończyce Małeⓘ is a village in Gmina Zebrzydowice, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, on the Piotrówka River.

Gmina Zebrzydowice
Gmina Zebrzydowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, with its seat as the village of Zebrzydowice.

The gmina covers an area of 41.68 square kilometres (16.1 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 13,240.
Killer Beez
The Killer Beez (Killa Beez) are a large street gang based in New Zealand, mainly based in the South Auckland area. They were founded in 2003, as a large rogue street gang in Ōtara, as a spin-off of the larger "Tribesmen" gang. The Killer Beez were formerly headed by Josh Masters, a well-known kickboxer, also a former vice-president of the Tribesmen MC.

In 2013, there were 138 members in prison, up from 96 in 2011. Most Killer Beez inmates housed in Mt Eden Corrections Facility are housed in the Delta Unit.

Tribesmen Motorcycle Club
The Tribesmen are a prominent outlaw motorcycle club based in the North Island of New Zealand. They have a relatively large presence, having set up chapters in Ōtara, Northland, Rotorua, Murupara and Christchurch.

There were 108 members imprisoned in 2015.

As of 2020, the Tribesmen MC are considered the dominant organisation in the gang scene in Christchurch.
Zeena Parkins
Zeena Parkins (born 1956) is an American composer and multi-instrumentalist active in experimental, free improvised, contemporary classical, and avant-jazz music; she is known for having "reinvented the harp". Parkins performs on standard harps, several custom electric harps, piano, and accordion. She is a 2019 Guggenheim Fellow and professor in the Music Department at Mills College.

Dagmar Krause
Dagmar Krause (born 4 June 1950) is a German singer, best known for her work with avant-rock groups including Slapp Happy, Henry Cow, and Art Bears. She is also noted for her coverage of songs by Bertolt Brecht, Kurt Weill and Hanns Eisler. Her unusual singing style makes her voice instantly recognisable and has defined the sound of many of the bands with whom she has worked.
Disco 2
Disco 2 is the second remix album by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys, released on 12 September 1994 by Parlophone. It consists of remixes of songs from the duo's albums Behaviour (1990) and Very (1993), as well as B-sides from the time.

A "club-ready sequel" to Disco (1986), as well as a "companion of sorts" to the Very/Relentless set of 1993, Disco 2 was released to mixed reviews. It reached number six on the UK Albums Chart.

Yesterday, When I Was Mad
"Yesterday, When I Was Mad" is a song by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys, released as the fifth and final single from their fifth studio album, Very (1993), on 30 August 1994 by Parlophone. The single, both written and produced by Neil Tennant and Chris Lowe, peaked at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart and number four on the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart. The song was remixed by Jam & Spoon for its single release, among other things removing a compression effect applied to Tennant's voice during the verses. Its music video was directed by Howard Greenhalgh, depicting a straitjacket-clad Tennant trapped in a surreal psychiatric hospital.
Eikeberg
Eikeberg or Ekeberg is a village in Holmestrand Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the north of the village of Sande i Vestfold and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the south of the village of Skoger (in Drammen Municipality). The European route E18 highway and the Vestfoldbanen railway line both pass by just to the west of the village. The village of Klever is located on the other side of the E18 highway to the northwest of Eikeberg.

The 0.32-square-kilometre (79-acre) village has a population (2024) of 468 and a population density of 1,461 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,780/sq mi).

This village is where the writer Ragnhild Jølsen was born. The author Jens Bjørneboe's wrote the book "Dream and the wheel" about the life of Ragnhild Jølsen, and wrote about Eikeberg in this book.

Holmestrand Municipality
Holmestrandⓘ is a municipality in Vestfold, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Jarlsberg. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Holmestrand. Some of the notable villages in Holmestrand include Eidsfoss, Eikeberg, Gullhaug, Hof, Klever, Sande, Selvik, and Sundbyfoss.

The 432-square-kilometre (167 sq mi) municipality is the 228th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Holmestrand is the 45th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 26,872. The municipality's population density is 62.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (161/sq mi) and its population has increased by 19% over the previous 10-year period.
Sikkim Janata Congress
Sikkim Janata Congress (translation: Sikkim Popular Congress) was a political party in Sikkim, active in the struggle for democratic reforms. The SJC was founded when the Sikkim State Congress and Sikkim Janata Party merged, in October 1972. K.C. Pradhan was its president.

In 1973, the SJC merged with Dorjee's Sikkim National Congress.

Sikkim State Congress
The Sikkim State Congress, or SSC, was an annexationist political party in the Kingdom of Sikkim. It was founded in 1947 and worked closely with the Indian National Congress (INC) to successfully achieve the annexation of Sikkim to India. Other parties established by the INC to serve India's interests in its near abroad included the Nepal State Congress Party and the Bhutan State Congress Party.
J. W. Dunne
John William Dunne FRAeS (2 December 1875 – 24 August 1949) was a British soldier, aeronautical engineer and philosopher. As a young man he fought in the Second Boer War, before becoming a pioneering aeroplane designer in the early years of the 20th century. Dunne worked on automatically stable aircraft, many of which were of tailless swept wing design, to achieve the first aircraft demonstrated to be stable. He later developed a new approach to dry fly fishing before turning to speculative philosophy, where he achieved some prominence and literary influence through his "serialism" theory on the nature of time and consciousness, first set out in his 1927 book An Experiment with Time.

Dunne D.1
The Dunne D.1, was an experimental tailless aircraft built in the UK in 1907. It comprised a main unit which could be flown as a glider, to which a chassis unit with power train could be added. The glider achieved a short flight in 1907. The D.1 was later rebuilt as the powered D.4, which achieved short hops in 1908.
Gareth Farr
Gareth Vincent Farr ONZM (born 29 February 1968) is a New Zealand composer and percussionist. He has released a number of classical CDs and composed a number of works performed by the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra (NZSO) and Royal New Zealand Ballet. He has also performed in drag under the name Lilith LaCroix in a show called Drumdrag and has also released a CD under that name.

Auckland Philharmonia
The Auckland Philharmonia (formerly Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra, APO) is a symphony orchestra based in Auckland, New Zealand. Its principal concert venue is the Auckland Town Hall, and it is also the accompanying ensemble for Auckland stage performances by New Zealand Opera and the Royal New Zealand Ballet. The Auckland Philharmonia's patrons are Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, Dame Rosanne Meo, Dame Jenny Gibbs and Barbara Glaser.
DS2000
The DS2000 is a geostationary communications satellite bus designed and manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric of Japan. Designed to carry payloads between 3 t (3.3 tons) and 5 t (5.5 tons), with power requirements of up to 15 kW.  It is compatible with Ariane 5, Proton-M, Zenit-3SL, Atlas V, Falcon 9 and H-IIA.

According to Moog-ISP, the DS2000 platform uses its bipropellant thrusters.

Satellite bus
A satellite bus (or spacecraft bus) is the main body and structural component of a satellite or spacecraft, in which the payload and all scientific instruments are held.

Bus-derived satellites are less customized than specially-produced satellites, but have specific equipment added to meet customer requirements, for example with specialized sensors or transponders, in order to achieve a specific mission.

They are commonly used for geosynchronous satellites, particularly communications satellites, but are most commonly used in spacecraft which occupy low Earth orbit missions.