hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Crossley (author)
James Crossley FSA (31 March 1800 – 1 August 1883) was an English lawyer, author, bibliophile and literary scholar who was President of the Chetham Society from 1847 to 1883 and President of the Record Society of Lancashire and Cheshire from 1878 to 1883.

Record Society of Lancashire and Cheshire
The Record Society of Lancashire and Cheshire is a text publication society that publishes historical documents relating to the traditional counties of Lancashire and Cheshire.  It became a registered charity (No. 500434) for public education in the history of the two counties in 1970.
SureStop
SureStop is an anti-lock bicycle brake technology and manufacturing company. It was founded in 2009 in Palo Alto, California, as SlidePad by Brian Riley and Andrew Ouellet.

As of 2021, SureStop is headquartered in Irvine, California, with a subsidiary in Shenzhen.

Bicycle brake
A bicycle brake reduces the speed of a bicycle or prevents the wheels from moving. The two main types are: rim brakes and disc brakes. Drum brakes are less common on bicycles.

Most bicycle brake systems consist of three main components: a mechanism for the rider to apply the brakes, such as brake levers or pedals; a mechanism for transmitting that signal, such as Bowden cables, hydraulic hoses, rods, or the bicycle chain; and the brake mechanism itself, a caliper or drum, to press two or more surfaces together in order to convert, via friction, kinetic energy of the bike and rider into thermal energy to be dissipated.
Kerch Peninsula
The Kerch Peninsula is a major and prominent geographic peninsula located at the eastern end of the Crimean Peninsula.

This peninsula stretches eastward toward the Taman Peninsula between the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea. Most of the peninsula is located within the Lenine Raion.

Koyashskoye Salt Lake
Koyashskoye (Russian: Кояшское озеро) or Koiaske (Ukrainian: Кояське озеро) is a salt lake on the coast of the Kerch Peninsula in Crimea, separated from the Black Sea by a strip of land. It is 4 kilometers long, 2 kilometers wide and a meter deep. The lake has the particularity to have a pink to scarlet color, depending on the light, due to the presence of microscopic algae living in the water. When the water evaporates, the salt in the lake crystallizes on the stones and the shores, producing crystal stones and the scent of viola. Uzunlarske Lake is located directly west.

This location is considered healing and is appreciated by some locals. It is not widely known to tourists.
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
The Massachusetts Department of Public Health is a governmental agency of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts with various responsibilities related to public health within that state. It is headquartered in Boston and headed by Commissioner Robbie Goldstein, MD, PhD. DPH is one of many agencies that are part of the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services.

DPH is an accredited health department approved by the national Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB).

Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services
The Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services (EOHHS) is a Cabinet level agency under the Governor of Massachusetts. EOHHS is the largest secretariat in Massachusetts, and is responsible for the Medicaid program, child welfare, public health, disabilities, veterans’ affairs, and elder affairs.  In total, EOHHS oversees 11 state agencies and the MassHealth Program.

The agency is under the supervision and control of the  Secretary of Health and Human Services, who is appointed by the Governor.
Italian Hebrew
Italian Hebrew or Italki Hebrew refers to the pronunciation system for liturgical Hebrew traditionally used by Italian Jews. Italian Hebrew are mainly used in religious, literary and academic contexts. They are formed by regional dialects, interactions with local Italian dialects and evolving grammatical conventions.

This article covers the following aspects of Italian Hebrew: features, the differences in pronunciation between the east and west, morphological changes, NP-strategy, the gradual rise of Europe, religious uses, the rise and status of Renaissance studies.

Italian Jews
Italian Jews (Italian: ebrei italiani; Hebrew: יהודים איטלקים‎) or Roman Jews (Italian: ebrei romani; Hebrew: יהודים רומים‎) can be used in a broad sense to mean all Jews living in or with roots in Italy, or, in a narrower sense, to mean the Italkim, an ancient community living in Italy since the Ancient Roman era, who use the Italian liturgy (or "Italian Rite") as distinct from those Jewish communities in Italy dating from medieval or modern times who use the Sephardic liturgy or the Nusach Ashkenaz.
Somme-Leuze
Somme-Leuze (French: [sɔm løz]; Walloon: Some-Leuze) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

On 1 January 2006 the municipality had 4,656 inhabitants. The total area is 95.09 km2, giving a population density of 49 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Baillonville, Bonsin (including Chardeneux), Heure-en-Famenne, Hogne, Nettinne, Noiseux, Sinsin, Somme-Leuze, and Waillet.

Chardeneux
Chardeneux (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁdənø]) is a village of Wallonia, part of the district of Bonsin, in the municipality of Somme-Leuze, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

Chardeneux is a member of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de Wallonie ("The Most Beautiful Villages of Wallonia") association. The village has a Romanesque church and the village houses, from the 18th and 19th centuries, display a uniformity of style typical for the Condroz region.
Belfaux CFF railway station
Belfaux CFF railway station (French: Gare de Belfaux CFF) is a railway station in the municipality of Belfaux, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Fribourg–Yverdon line of Swiss Federal Railways. The station is 750 metres (2,460 ft) south of Belfaux-Village on the Fribourg–Ins line.

Belfaux-Village railway station
Belfaux-Village railway station (French: Gare de Belfaux-Village) is a railway station in the municipality of Belfaux, in the Swiss canton of Fribourg. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Fribourg–Ins line of Transports publics Fribourgeois. The station is 750 metres (2,460 ft) north of Belfaux CFF on the Fribourg–Yverdon line.
Sussex (UK Parliament constituency)
Sussex was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Knights of the Shire, elected by the bloc vote system.

Under the Reform Act 1832 the constituency was split into two two-member divisions, for Parliamentary purposes, at the 1832 general election. The county was then represented by the East Sussex and West Sussex divisions.

East Sussex (UK Parliament constituency)
East Sussex (formally the Eastern division of Sussex) was a parliamentary constituency in the county of Sussex, which returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.

It was created under the Great Reform Act for the 1832 general election, when the existing Sussex constituency was divided into two. It consisted of the rapes of Lewes, Pevensey  and Hastings, an area broadly similar to but not identical with the modern county of East Sussex. The "place of election", where nominations were taken and the result declared, was Lewes.

East Sussex was abolished for the 1885 general election, being divided between four new single-member county constituencies, Rye, Eastbourne, East Grinstead and Lewes. (Lewes and Rye also absorbed the voters from the abolished boroughs of the same names.)
Dr. Glenn R. Frye House
Dr. Glenn R. Frye House is a historic home located at Hickory, Catawba County, North Carolina. It was built in 1937, and is a two-story, Colonial Revival style stone dwelling.  It has a 1+1⁄2-story frame wing.  Also on the property are the contributing garage (1937); wrought-iron balustrade, fence, and gates (1937); and stone wall (1937).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Hickory, North Carolina
Hickory is a city in western North Carolina primarily located in Catawba County. The 25th most populous city in the state, it is located approximately 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Charlotte.

Hickory's population in the 2022 United States Census Bureau estimate was 44,084. Hickory is the main city of the Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 368,347 in the 2022 census, and is included in the larger  Charlotte-Concord, NC Combined Statistical Area with a population of 3,387,115 in 2022.

In 2014, Reader's Digest named the Hickory metro area as the 10th best place to live and raise a family in the United States. Forbes ranked the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton MSA the third best MSA in the country for business cost in the same year. The Hickory MSA was described by Smart Growth America in 2014 as being the country's most sprawling metro area. In 2023, Travel and Leisure rated Hickory as the most beautiful and affordable place to live in the U.S.
Thomas Marbury
Thomas Marbury was the High Sheriff of Cheshire, serving in that position from 9 December 1620 to 16 November 1621. He was MP for Cheshire for the Second Protectorate Parliament.

In 1638 his daughter Mary [died 1658] married John Bradshaw.

Marbury was heir to the manor of Marbury, Cheshire. Siding with the Parliamentarians, he raised troops for the Battle of Nantwich of 1644. It was widely suspected that Marbury was not a military man himself.

Thomas Marbury was among several Cheshire Parliamentarians to be pardoned by Charles II in 1651.

He served in the Second Protectorate Parliament from 17 September 1656, to 26 June 1657.

High Sheriff of Cheshire
This is a list of Sheriffs (and after 1 April 1974, High Sheriffs) of Cheshire.

The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as Sheriff was retitled High Sheriff. The High Sheriff is appointed annually, taking office in March. As of 2022, the High Sheriff of Cheshire is Jeannie France-Hayhurst.
Film base
A film base is the structural layer of photographic film which acts as a support medium for the film's light-sensitive layers of photographic emulsion. Despite the numerous layers and coatings associated with the emulsion layer, the base generally accounts for the vast majority of the thickness of any given film stock. Since the late 19th century, there have been three major types of film base in use: cellulose nitrate (until about 1951), cellulose acetate, and polyester.

16 mm film
16 mm film is a historically popular and economical gauge of film. 16 mm refers to the width of the film (about 2⁄3 inch); other common film gauges include 8 mm and 35 mm. It is generally used for non-theatrical (e.g., industrial, educational, television) film-making, or for low-budget motion pictures. It also existed as a popular amateur or home movie-making format for several decades, alongside 8 mm film and later Super 8 film. Eastman Kodak released the first 16 mm "outfit" in 1923, consisting of a Ciné-Kodak camera, Kodascope projector, tripod, screen and splicer, for US$335 (equivalent to US$6,330 in 2025).: 334  RCA-Victor introduced a 16 mm sound movie projector in 1932, and developed an optical sound-on-film 16 mm camera, released in 1935.: 231
Kirata kingdom
Kirata kingdom in Sanskrit literature and Hindu mythology refers to any kingdom of the Kiratas, who were dwellers mostly in the Himalayas (mostly eastern Himalaya). They took part in the Kurukshetra War along with Parvatas (mountaineers) and other Himalayan tribes.

Huna kingdom
Hunas were a tribe close to Himalayas that, because of limited interaction with Indian kingdoms, were mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. They belonged to the Xinjiang province of China, east of Jammu-Kashmir. However, they were nomadic people who changed their settlements from time to time.
VK Partizan
Vaterpolo klub Partizan (Serbian Cyrillic: Ватерполо клуб Партизан) is a professional water polo club based in Belgrade, Serbia. VK Partizan is one of the sports clubs in Serbia that is part of sport society Partizan. As of 2025–26 season, the club competes in the Serbian Water Polo Super League and VRL Premier League.

Partizan's home terrain is the pool which is part of the Sportski centar Voždovac on Banjica complex. The club is supported by Grobari, fans of all sport clubs competing under the name of Partizan Belgrade.

With seven European champion titles (the last in 2011 against Pro Recco), VK Partizan is the second most successful European team in water polo history along with Mladost, and behind Pro Recco with ten titles. The club is currently sponsored by Meridianbet.

1964 LEN European Cup
The 1964 Water Polo European Cup was the inaugural edition of LEN's premier competition for men's water polo clubs. The competition consisted of two round-robin stages, and it was contested by fifteen national champions. The first stage was held February 21–23, and it comprised a nine-team group in Naples and a six-team group in Magdeburg. The final stage, held in March, was originally planned to be contested by the two top teams from each group, but LEN later expanded it to six teams. Partizan won all five games to win the championship, while Dynamo Moscow was the runner-up.
Jannum
Jannum (Dutch: Janum) is a small village in Noardeast-Fryslân municipality in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 63 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Ferwerderadiel municipality.

The village was first mentioned in 1506 as Jawnum. The etymology is unclear.  The Dutch Reformed Church is from the 14th century and has 13th century elements. In 1840, Jannum was home to 97 people.

Ferwerderadiel
Ferwerderadiel (pronunciationⓘ) is a former municipality of Friesland in the northern Netherlands. Its official name is West Frisian, the Dutch name is Ferwerderadeel (pronounced [fɛrˈʋɛrdəraːˌdeːl] ⓘ). In 2019 it merged with the municipalities of Dongeradeel and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland to form the new municipality Noardeast-Fryslân.
Ruma
Ruma (Serbian Cyrillic: Рума; Hungarian: Árpatarló) is a town and municipality in the Srem District of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2022, the town has a population of 27,747, while the municipality has a population of 48,621.

Syrmia
Syrmia (Croatian: Srijem; Serbian: Срем, romanized: Srem; Pannonian Rusyn: Срим, romanized: Srim) is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Croatia and Serbia. Most of the region is flat, with the exception of the low Fruška Gora mountain stretching along the Danube in its northern part.
Yeshi Dhonden
Yeshi Dhonden (Tibetan: ཡེ་ཤེས་དོན་ལྡན, Wylie: ye shes don ldan; 15 May 1927 – 26 November 2019) was a Tibetan doctor of traditional Tibetan medicine, and served the 14th Dalai Lama from 1961 to 1980. In 2018, the Indian government honoured him with the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award in India.

B. Alan Wallace
Bruce Alan Wallace (born 1950) is an American Buddhologist of Tibetan Buddhism. He has authored many texts in the field of contemplative science, most notably The Attention Revolution on the cultivation of Samatha, and Dreaming Yourself Awake on the lucid dreaming practice of dream yoga. Wallace's works include an English translation of the foremost Tibetan Buddhism text, the Bardo Thodol, by Padmasambhava. He has also been active in the dialogue between established Western science and Tibetan Buddhist psychology, including staunch critiques of materialistic philosophies of mind, while emphasizing the incorporation of introspection as a technique  of academic inquiry. He is founder of the Santa Barbara Institute for Consciousness Studies. Alan Wallace is widely regarded as a preeminent meditation teacher and Buddhism scholar.
Gianni Garko
Gianni Garko (born Giovanni Garcovich; 15 July 1935) is a retired Croatian-Italian actor. He found fame as a leading man in 1960s Spaghetti Westerns, where he was often billed as John Garko and occasionally Gary Hudson. He is perhaps best known for his lead role as Sartana, starting with the first official film If You Meet Sartana Pray for Your Death and starring in three sequels as this character.

Croats of Italy
Croats form a part of the permanent population of Italy (Croatian: Hrvati u Italiji, Italian: Croati in Italia). Traditionally, there is an autochthonous community in the Molise region known as the Molise Croats, but there are many other Croats living in or associated with Italy through other means, with the most numerous communities in Trieste, Rome, Padua and Milan. In 2010, persons with Croatian citizenship in Italy numbered 21,079.

Croats of Italy could mean any of the following:

Molise Croats - a long-established Croatian population in the Molise region.

Ethnic Croats to have relocated to Italy from any region to which Croats may be autochthonous (e.g.  Republic of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries).
Meginhard I, Count of Sponheim
Meginhard I (c. 1085-c. 1135) was a member of the House of Sponheim, succeeding his father, Stephan II, Count of Sponheim. His mother was probably Sophia of Formbach. His son was Gottfried I, Count of Sponheim.

Gottfried I, Count of Sponheim
Gottfried I, Count of Sponheim  (c. 1115 - ff. 1183) was a member of the House of Sponheim, son of Meginhard I, Count of Sponheim. He was count of Sponheim from 1136 until his death, when he was succeeded by his son Gottfried II.

He was a witness to a certain charter of Hildegard of Bingen, for Rupertsberg Convent, but his signature went missing.

Gottfried I was the ancestor of a number of counts and dukes, whose seat was Stonheim Castle, until 1437.
Rwanda Standard Gauge Railway
The Rwanda Standard Gauge Railway is a standard gauge railway (SGR) system, under development, linking the country to the neighboring countries of Tanzania and Uganda. It is intended to ease the transfer of goods between the Indian Ocean ports of Dar es Salaam and Mombasa, and the Rwandan capital Kigali. The system is expected to link, in the future, to Rwanda's two other neighbors, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as part of the East African Railway Master Plan. With no previously existing railway network, Rwanda is developing its railway system from scratch. The project is dependent on the construction of the Tanzanian and Ugandan SGR lines to the Rwandan border, which have not been completed as of October 2023.

Uganda Standard Gauge Railway
The Uganda Standard Gauge Railway is a planned railway system linking the country to the neighboring countries of Kenya, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan, as part of the East African Railway Master Plan. The new standard-gauge railway (SGR) is intended to replace the old, inefficient metre-gauge railway system. The entire 1,724 kilometres (1,071 mi) SGR in Uganda will cost an estimated $12.8 billion.
Gerasimos Michaleas
Metropolitan Gerasimos of San Francisco (born Gerasimos Michaleas; August 2, 1945) is a Greek Eastern Orthodox prelate who became the Metropolitan of San Francisco in the Greek Orthodox Church in 2005.

His spiritual flock comprises 67 Greek Orthodox parishes in Hawaii, Alaska, Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada, and Arizona. He was elected to his office by the Sacred and Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate on February 22, 2005 to succeed Metropolitan Anthony. He was enthroned at the Ascension Greek Orthodox Cathedral in Oakland, California on April 2, 2005 by Archbishop Demetrios.

Metropolitan Gerasimos leads over 150,000 Greek Orthodox faithful in Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.

Greek Orthodox Metropolis of San Francisco
The Greek Orthodox Metropolis of San Francisco is an ecclesiastical territory or metropolis of the Greek Orthodox Church in the Pacific region of the United States, encompassing the states of Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. It is part of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America and is led by a metropolitan bishop who serves as the priest of the mother church, Annunciation Cathedral in the City of San Francisco. Right Reverend Metropolitan Gerasimos was enthroned as the Greek Orthodox Metropolitan Bishop of San Francisco on April 2, 2005, following his election to that post by the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Phanar, Constantinople, Turkey.
Diocese of Pelplin
The Diocese of Pelplin (Latin: Pelplinen(sis); Kashubian: Pelplińskô diecezjô) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese located in the city of Pelplin, Poland. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of metropolitan Archdiocese of Gdańsk. The biggest city of diocese is Tczew.

Archdiocese of Gdańsk
The Archdiocese of Gdańsk (Latin: Gedanen(sis)) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Poland. The diocese's episcopal see is Gdańsk.

According to the church statistics Sunday mass attendance was 38.1% in 2013 making it lower than the Polish average of weekly mass attendance (39.1%).

Its Archcathedral Basilica of The Holy Trinity, Blessed Virgin Mary and St Bernard in Gdańsk is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.
Spilimbergo
Spilimbergo (German: Spengenberg; Friulian: Spilimberc or Spilinberc) is a comune (municipality) with a population of 11,785 in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It is located on the right side of the Tagliamento river. The town is notable as the home of the Mosaic School of Friuli (Scuola Mosaicisti del Friuli), which was founded in 1922 and has students from all over the world.

Spilimbergo borders the following municipalities: Arba, Dignano, Flaibano, Pinzano al Tagliamento, San Daniele del Friuli, San Giorgio della Richinvelda, Sequals, Vivaro.

Pinzano al Tagliamento
Pinzano al Tagliamento (Friulian: Pinçan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Pordenone.

Pinzano al Tagliamento borders the following municipalities: Castelnovo del Friuli, Clauzetto, Forgaria nel Friuli, Ragogna, San Daniele del Friuli, Sequals, Spilimbergo, Travesio, Vito d'Asio.
William Herbert (of Coldbrook)
William Herbert was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in 1626.

Herbert was the eldest son of William Herbert of Coldbrook and his wife Catherine Morgan, daughter of Thomas Morgan of Tredegar. He was the grandson of Matthew Herbert.

In 1626, Herbert was elected Member of Parliament for Monmouthshire. He was High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1638.

Herbert married Priscilla Pigot, daughter of Sir Edward Pigot of Laughton, Buckinghamshire, and later married Elizabeth Claypole, daughter of Sir John Claypole of Northamptonshire. His son Henry Herbert was also MP.

Herbert died in 1646.

Sheriff of Monmouthshire
This is a list of Sheriffs of Monmouthshire, an office which was created in 1536 but not fully settled until 1540.

On 1 April 1974, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, the shrievalty of Monmouthshire was abolished, and replaced by the new office of High Sheriff of Gwent, covering a broadly similar area.