hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Photosystem I
Photosystem I (PSI, or plastocyanin–ferredoxin oxidoreductase) is one of two photosystems in the photosynthetic light reactions of algae, plants, and cyanobacteria. Photosystem I  is an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to catalyze the transfer of electrons across the thylakoid membrane from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. Ultimately, the electrons that are transferred by Photosystem I are used to produce the moderate-energy hydrogen carrier NADPH. The photon energy absorbed by Photosystem I also produces a proton-motive force that is used to generate ATP. PSI is composed of more than 110 cofactors, significantly more than Photosystem II.

Ferredoxin—NADP(+) reductase
In enzymology, a ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase (EC 1.18.1.2) abbreviated FNR, is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2 reduced ferredoxin + NADP+ + H+  2 oxidized ferredoxin + NADPH

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are reduced ferredoxin, NADP+, and H+, whereas its two products are oxidized ferredoxin and NADPH.  It has a flavin cofactor, FAD.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, that use iron-sulfur proteins as electron donors and NAD+ or NADP+ as electron acceptors.

This enzyme participates in photosynthesis. FNR provides a major source of NADPH for photosynthetic organisms.
Bangor Grammar School
54°38′37″N 5°38′52″W﻿ / ﻿54.643574°N 5.647796°W﻿ / 54.643574; -5.647796

Bangor Grammar School (The Grammar or B.G.S.), is a Northern Irish voluntary grammar school for boys in Bangor, County Down. It was founded in 1856 by the Conservative politician Robert Ward and is one of eight Northern Irish schools represented on the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.

Old boys of the school are known as Grammarians.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
Wadshelf
Wadshelf is a small village in Derbyshire, England. It is located between Chesterfield and Baslow, just inside the Peak District national park. It is near to Wigley, Holymoorside, and Brampton. The name is believed to be a corruption of Watch Hill. The village has a pub, The Highwayman on the main A619 road. Wadshelf is in the civil parish of Brampton.

Brampton, Derbyshire
Brampton is a suburb in the west of Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Originally a village known as New Brampton and separate from the town, it became absorbed into it over time due to urban sprawl. It is centred on Chatsworth Road, the main arterial road (A619) that connects the town with the Peak District and Manchester.
Down the Old Plank Road: The Nashville Sessions
Down the Old Plank Road: The Nashville Sessions is a 2002 album by The Chieftains.  It is a collaboration between the Irish band and many top country music musicians including Ricky Skaggs, Vince Gill, Lyle Lovett, Martina McBride and Alison Krauss.

Kentucky Thunder
Kentucky Thunder, or Ricky Skaggs and Kentucky Thunder, is the band that plays with American country and bluegrass singer Ricky Skaggs.  Many members of the band have won numerous awards.  Bandleader Ricky Skaggs plays mandolin and is the lead vocalist. The group has won the Instrumental Group of the Year award from the International Bluegrass Music Association multiple times, as well as seven Grammy Awards.
Prince Maurice of the Netherlands
Prince Maurice of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau (Willem Frederik Maurits Alexander Hendrik Karel; 15 September 1843 – 4 June 1850), was the second son of King William III of the Netherlands and his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg.

Sophie of Württemberg
Sophie of Württemberg (Sophie Friederike Matilda; 17 June 1818 – 3 June 1877) was Queen of the Netherlands as the first wife of King William III. Sophie separated from William in 1855 but continued to perform her duties as queen in public. She was known for her progressive and liberal views and corresponded with several famous intellectuals.
Žďárské vrchy
Žďárské vrchy (German: Saarer Bergland) is a mountain range in the Czech Republic. It is located in the northwest part of Upper Svratka Highlands which is part of Bohemian-Moravian Highlands and has an area of 485.78 km2. The highest peak of Žďárké vrchy is Devět skal (836 m). Other significant peaks are Křovina (829,7 m), Křivý javor (823,5 m), Kopeček (821,7 m) or Pasecká skála (818,6 m).

Žďárské vrchy is a source of the Sázava and Svratka rivers.

The forest cover comprises mostly spruces, mixed by beeches, firs, larches and pines.

Upper Svratka Highlands
The Upper Svratka Highlands (Czech: Hornosvratecká vrchovina) is a mountain range in Moravia, Czech Republic. The Highlands, together with the Křižanov Highlands threshold, form the Western-Moravian part of Moldanubian Zone – east south part of Bohemian Massif.
Top Cooku Dupe Cooku season 1
Top Cooku Dupe Cooku is the first season of the Tamil reality comedy cooking TV show Top Cooku Dupe Cooku. The season premiered on 19 May 2024 on Sun TV and digitally on Sun NXT. This season is produced and judged by Chef Venkatesh Bhat, along with Judge Chef Rammohan supported by Binny Krishnakumar and hosted by Rakesh.

The season began with Aishwarya Dutta, Chaitra Reddy, Narendra Prasath, Sai Dheena, Shali Nivekas, Singampuli, Sonia Agarwal, Sujatha Sivakumar and FEFSI Vijayan as the initial contestants. They were later joined by Maneesha Mahesh and Subash Selvam as wild card entries. In the end Narendra, Vijayan, Chaitra, Sujatha, Subash and Maneesha had qualified for the finals.

In the Grand Finale Sujatha Sivakumar and Narendra Prasath both tied as the title winners of Top Cooku Dupe Cooku season 1 while, FEFSI Vijayan and Chaitra Reddy finished as 1st and 2nd runners-up respectively.The title winners Narendra and Sujatha were awarded with a cash prize of ₹20 lakh (US$24,000).

Top Cooku Dupe Cooku
Top Cooku Dupe Cooku (often abbreviated as TCDC) is an Indian Tamil-language comedy-based cooking competition show, produced by Media Masons. The show is produced and judged by Chef Venkatesh Bhat, along with judge Chef Rammohan. In Season 1, the show was supported by Singer Binni Krishnakumar and hosted by Rakesh, while in Season 2, it is hosted by Rakesh and Sivaangi Krishnakumar. The show is based on the reality series Cooku with Comali, which was also conceived, ideated, and produced for four seasons by Media Masons, but for a different channel.
Ramsey, Cambridgeshire
Ramsey is a market town and civil parish in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town is about 9 miles (14 km) north of Huntingdon. Ramsey parish includes the settlements of Ramsey Forty Foot, Ramsey Heights, Ramsey Mereside, Ramsey Hollow and Ramsey St Mary's.

The town grew up around Ramsey Abbey, an important Benedictine monastery. In the order of precedence for abbots in Parliament, Ramsey was third after Glastonbury and St Albans.
The town manor is built on the site of (and using materials from) the ancient Abbey and is the seat of the Lords de Ramsey, major landowners in Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire. The remains of the Abbey are now home to part of the town's secondary school. Abbey College, Ramsey resulted from the amalgamation of the previous two secondary schools, Ailwyn School and Ramsey Abbey School.

Ramsey Forty Foot
Ramsey Forty Foot is a village in Ramsey civil parish, part of the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies on the Forty Foot Drain. The settlement has a village hall, which also contains the village's war memorial. The memorial was previously located in a now-demolished tin tabernacle-type church dedicated to St Felix.
Kotohira, Kagawa
Kotohira (琴平町, Kotohira-chō) is a town located in Nakatado District, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2022, the town had an estimated population of 8,105 in 3618 households and a population density of 960 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 8.47 square kilometres (3.27 sq mi). The town is best known as the site of Shikoku's largest shrine complex, the Kotohira Shrine (popularly known as Konpira-san).

Kotoden Kotohira Line
The Kotoden Kotohira line (琴電琴平線, Kotoden Kotohira-sen) is a Japanese railway line in Kagawa Prefecture, which connects Takamatsu-Chikkō Station in Takamatsu with Kotoden-Kotohira Station in Kotohira. It is owned and operated by the Takamatsu-Kotohira Electric Railroad. The line color is yellow.
Energy Institute
The Energy Institute (EI) is a professional organization for engineers and other professionals in energy-related fields. The EI was formed in 2003 by the merger of the Institute of Petroleum (dating back to 1913) and the Institute of Energy (dating back to 1925). It has an international membership of about 20,000 people and 200 companies. Its main office is at 61 New Cavendish Street, London. EI is a registered charity with a Royal Charter.

In the United Kingdom, EI has the authority to establish professional registration for the titles of Chartered Engineer, Incorporated Engineer, and Engineering Technician, as a licensed member institution of the Engineering Council. It is also licensed by the Society for the Environment to award Chartered Environmentalist status.

Engineering Council
The Engineering Council (formerly Engineering Council UK; colloquially known as EngC) is the UK's regulatory authority for registration of Chartered and Incorporated engineers and engineering technician. The Engineering Council holds the national registers of over 228,000 Engineering Technicians (EngTech), Incorporated Engineers (IEng), Chartered Engineers (CEng) and Information and Communications Technology Technicians (ICTTech). The Engineering Council is also responsible for establishing and upholding globally acknowledged benchmarks of professional competence and ethical conduct, which govern the award and retention of these titles. This guarantees that employers, government bodies, and the broader society, both within the UK and abroad, can place their trust in the expertise, experience, and dedication of engineers and technicians who are professionally registered with the Engineering Council.
Squid cocktail
Squid cocktail is a seafood dish usually served as an hors d'œuvre. It is similar to a prawn cocktail, but uses squid as the main ingredient.

In 1969 in the United States, squid cocktail was one of the dishes explored to increase the popularity of squid in a time of diminishing fish stocks. Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology developed a squid-gutting machine, and submitted squid cocktail, rings, and chowder to a 70-person tasting panel for market research. Despite a general lack of popularity of squid in the United States, aside from the internal "ethnic market", and polling that had shown a negative public perception of squid foods, the tasting panel gave the dishes "high marks".

Prawn cocktail
Prawn cocktail, also known as shrimp cocktail, is a seafood dish consisting of shelled, cooked prawns in a Marie Rose sauce or cocktail sauce, served in a glass. It was the most popular hors d'œuvre in Great Britain, as well as in the United States, from the 1960s to the late 1980s. According to the English food writer Nigel Slater, the prawn cocktail "has spent most of (its life) see-sawing from the height of fashion to the laughably passé" and is now often served with a degree of irony.

The cocktail sauce is essentially ketchup and mayonnaise in Commonwealth countries, or ketchup and horseradish in the United States. Recipes may add Worcestershire sauce, hot sauce, vinegar, cayenne pepper or lemon juice.
Global Unions
Global Unions or Council of Global Unions is a website, which is jointly owned and managed by the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD, and ten global union federations (GUFs).

International Trade Union Confederation
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC; French: Confédération syndicale international, CSI; German: Internationaler Gewerkschaftsbund, IGB; Spanish: Confederación Sindical Internacional, CSI) is the world's largest trade union federation.
D-Girl (The Sopranos)
"D-Girl" is the 20th episode of the HBO original series The Sopranos and the seventh of the show's second season. It was written by Todd A. Kessler and directed by Allen Coulter, and originally aired on February 27, 2000.

A.J. Soprano
Anthony John Soprano Jr. is a fictional character on the HBO television series The Sopranos, portrayed by Robert Iler. He is the son of Carmela and Tony Soprano and the younger brother of Meadow Soprano.
Jean-Pierre Wintenberger
Jean-Pierre Wintenberger (1954 – 23 January 2019) was a French mathematician and a professor of mathematics at the University of Strasbourg. He was corecipient of the 2011 Cole Prize in number theory, along with Chandrashekhar Khare, for his proof of Serre's modularity conjecture.

Wintenberger earned his Ph.D. at Joseph Fourier University in 1984, under supervision of Jean-Marc Fontaine.

Wintenberger died on 23 January 2019.

Jean-Marc Fontaine
Jean-Marc Fontaine (13 March 1944 – 29 January 2019) was a French mathematician. He was one of the founders of p-adic Hodge theory. He was a professor at Paris-Sud 11 University from 1988 to his death.
Saudasjøen
Saudasjøen is a village in Sauda Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located along the northern coast of the Saudafjorden about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) southwest of the town of Sauda. For statistical purposes it is considered a part of the urban area of the town of Sauda. The village is mostly a bedroom community for the nearby town of Sauda. There are some small industries in Saudasjøen as well as the Saudasjøen Chapel. County Road 520 runs through the village along the shore of the fjord.

Saudasjøen Chapel
Saudasjøen Chapel (Norwegian: Saudasjøen kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Sauda Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  It is located in the village of Saudasjøen. It is an annex chapel in the Sauda parish which is part of the Ryfylke prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger.  The concrete chapel was built in 1973.  The chapel seats about 260 people.
Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County
Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County (Chinese: 巍山彝族回族自治县; pinyin: Wēishān Yízú Huízú Zìzhìxiàn; Xiao'erjing: وِشًا یِذُو خُوِذُو ذِجِشِیًا‎; Bai: Med•hot) is an autonomous county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, in northwestern Yunnan Province, China. It was known as Menghua (蒙化) until the 1950s.

Weishan borders Midu County to the east, Nanjian County and Fengqing County to the south, Yangbi County and Changning County to the west, and Dali City to the north.

Midu County
Midu County (simplified Chinese: 弥渡县; traditional Chinese: 彌渡縣; pinyin: Mídù Xiàn) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in the northwest of Yunnan province, China. It borders Xiangyun County and Nanhua County to the east, Jingdong County and Nanjian County to the south, Weishan County to the west and Dali City to the north.
Kameoka, Kyoto
Kameoka (亀岡市, Kameoka-shi) is a city in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 87,518 in 29,676 households and a population density of 390 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 224.80 square kilometres (86.80 sq mi).

Tanba Province
Tanba Province (丹波国, Tanba no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [taꜜm.ba (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of central Kyoto and east-central Hyōgo Prefectures.  Tanba bordered on Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima. Tango, Wakasa, and Yamashiro provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Tanshū (丹州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Tanba was one of the provinces of the San'indō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Tanba was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the capital.  The provincial capital is believed to have been located in what is now the city of Kameoka, although the exact location remains uncertain. The ichinomiya of the province is the Izumo-daijingū also located in Kameoka. The province had an area of 1,283.43 square kilometres (495.54 sq mi).
Biscuit tin
Biscuit tins are utilitarian or decorative containers used to package and sell biscuits (such as those served during tea) and some confectionery. Invented by Huntley & Palmers in 1831, they are commonly found in households in United Kingdom, Ireland, and Commonwealth countries, but also in continental Europe and French Canada. Popularity in the United States and English Canada spread later in the 20th century. Over 60% of UK households own a biscuit tin.

Because of their attractive appearance, biscuit tins have often been used by charities and by some visitor attractions as fundraising devices since many customers will happily pay more for a tin of biscuits than it is worth.

Biscuit
A biscuit is a flour-based baked food item. Biscuits are typically hard, flat, and unleavened. They are usually sweet and may be made with sugar, chocolate, icing, jam, ginger, or cinnamon. Savoury biscuits are called crackers.

Types of biscuit include biscotti, sandwich biscuits (such as custard creams), digestive biscuits, ginger biscuits, shortbread biscuits, chocolate chip cookies, Anzac biscuits, and speculaas.

The term "biscuit" is used in many English-speaking countries. In the United States and parts of Canada, sweet biscuits are nearly always called "cookies" and savoury biscuits are called "crackers".
Gulaga / Mount Dromedary
Gulaga, dual-named as Mount Dromedary and also referred to as Mount Gulaga, is a mountain located in the south coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It rises above the village of Central Tilba and is within the Gulaga National Park. At its highest point, it measures 806 metres (2,644 ft) above sea level.

Najanuka / Little Dromedary Mountain, also dual-named, lies 6.37 km (3.96 mi) to the south-east, and both mountains are of great significance to the local Aboriginal people, the Dhurga-speaking Yuin people. The area features the southernmost subtropical rainforest in New South Wales.

Barunguba / Montague Island
Barunguba / Montague Island is a continental island contained within the Montague Island Nature Reserve, a protected nature reserve that is located offshore from the South Coast region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The nearest town located onshore from the 81-hectare (200-acre) reserve and island is Narooma, situated approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the northwest.
JPEG XR
JPEG XR (JPEG extended range) is an image compression standard for continuous tone photographic images, based on the HD Photo (formerly Windows Media Photo) specifications that Microsoft originally developed and patented. It supports both lossy and lossless compression, and is the preferred image format for Ecma-388 Open XML Paper Specification documents.

The format is natively supported by Windows Vista and later as well as Internet Explorer 9, 10 and 11. Third-party support for the format includes Adobe AIR, Affinity Photo, Paint.NET, and Sumatra PDF.

Microsoft Open Specification Promise
The Microsoft Open Specification Promise (OSP) is a promise by Microsoft, published in September 2006, to not assert its patents, in certain conditions, against implementations of a certain list of specifications.

The OSP is not a licence, but rather a covenant not to sue.  It promises protection but does not grant any rights.

The OSP is limited to implementations to the extent that they conform to those specifications.  This allows for conformance to be partial.  So if an implementation follows the specification for some aspects, and deviates in other aspects, then the Covenant Not to Sue applies only to the implementation's aspects which follow the specification.
Expedition of Abdullah Ibn Unais
The Expedition of Abdullah ibn Unais, also known as the Assassination of Khaled bin Sufyan was the first attack against the Banu Lahyan, which took place in the month of Muharram in the year A.H. 3. It was reported that Khalid ibn Sufyan al-Hudhali (also known as Hudayr, the chief of the Banu Lahyan tribe), considered an attack on Madinah and that he was inciting the people on Nakhla or Uranah to fight Muslims. So Muhammad sent Abdullah ibn Unais to assassinate him. After cutting off Khaled bin Sufyan's head at night, Unais brought it back to Muhammad.

Banu Lahyan
Banu Lahyan (Arabic: بنو لحيان) were an Arab pagan tribe during the time of Muhammad and were involved in several military conflicts with him. The first was in 625 during the Expedition of Abdullah Ibn Unais, where Muhammad sent Abdullah ibn Unais to kill Khaled bin Sufyan Al-Hathali, who was the chief of the tribe. Muhammad alleged that he was planning to attack Madinah and incite the people of Nakhla and Uranah to attack him. Therefore, he sent Abdullah ibn Unais to assassinate him in 625 during the Expedition of Abdullah Ibn Unais. This was followed by the Invasion of Banu Lahyan in September 627   when Muhammad ordered his followers to attack the Banu Lahyan tribe to get revenge for the killing of 10 Muslims in the Expedition of Al Raji
Flinders Highway, Queensland
The Flinders Highway is a highway that crosses Queensland east to west, from Townsville on the Pacific coast to Cloncurry. The road continues as the Barkly Highway from Cloncurry to the Northern Territory border at Camooweal and beyond. The Flinders Highway passes a number of small outback towns and typical outback landscape predominates towards the inland. It was known as National Route 78 before Queensland began to convert to the alphanumeric system being adopted in Australia and is now designated as A6. The highway is also known as Overlanders Way. Its entire length is part of the National Land Transport Network (formerly Auslink).

Hughenden–Muttaburra–Aramac–Barcaldine Road
Hughenden–Muttaburra–Aramac–Barcaldine Road is a continuous 359-kilometre (223 mi) road route in the Flinders and Barcaldine local government areas of Queensland, Australia. It is designated as State Route 19. It has three official names, Hughenden–Muttaburra Road (number 5701), Muttaburra–Aramac Road (number 572), and Barcaldine–Aramac Road (number 573). Each component is a state-controlled district road, rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS).
An American Girl: Saige Paints the Sky
An American Girl: Saige Paints the Sky is a 2013 American drama film and the seventh film in the American Girl series, introducing newcomer Sidney Fullmer in the title role, as well as Kerr Smith, Jane Seymour, Alex Peters, Alana Gordillo and Mika Abdalla.

The film tells the story of Saige Copeland, an aspiring young artist from Albuquerque, New Mexico. As with the previous film, the screenplay was written by Jessica O'Toole and Amy Rardin. The movie was directed by Vince Marcello.

A screening of the film was held at the KiMo Theatre in Albuquerque.

American Girl (film series)
American Girl is a line of books, movies, dolls, and accessories based on pre-teen girl characters (aged 9–12) from various periods of history including the 21st century. Several of the characters from the American Girl books have since had their stories adapted into films, the majority of them released as direct-to-DVD or television films, with the exception of Kit Kittredge: An American Girl, which was a theatrical release. Starting with the debut of the Maryellen Larkin doll, American Girl has since expressed interest in producing webseries based on their characters.