hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis Younghusband
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Francis Edward Younghusband, KCSI KCIE (31 May 1863 – 31 July 1942) was a British Army officer, explorer and spiritual writer. He is remembered for his travels in the Far East and Central Asia; especially the 1904 British expedition to Tibet, led by him, and for his writings on Asia and foreign policy. Younghusband held positions including British commissioner to Tibet and president of the Royal Geographical Society.

Edward Mary Joseph Molyneux
Major Edward Mary Joseph Molyneux CIE DSO (13 March 1866 – 19 January 1913) was a British painter.

During his years in the Himalayan Valley of Kashmir, Molyneux painted many scenes of the capital city of Srinagar and other areas which inspired him. The paintings were published in a book titled Kashmir (1909), accompanied by descriptions of the Valley by Francis Younghusband.

His nephew was Edward Henry Molyneux, fashion designer.
Coomandook
Coomandook is a settlement about 120 kilometres (75 mi) east-south-east of Adelaide on Dukes Highway in South Australia. The nearest place with a larger population is Coonalpyn, which is 29 kilometres (18 mi) away, with a population of around 230.

Coomandook is near the edge of the vast mallee scrub area which stretches from western Victoria across into the south east of South Australia. The most common agricultural industries are sheep, beef cattle rearing and grain growing.

The population of Coomandook was not recorded under that name in the 2006 census, but 134 voters cast their votes in Coomandook during the 2010 election.

Coonalpyn, South Australia
Coonalpyn (/ˈkʊnælpɪn/; koo-NAL-pin) is a town and a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 143 kilometres (89 mi) south-east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 61 kilometres (38 mi) south-east of the municipal seat in Tailem Bend.  It is within the local government area of the Coorong District Council, the State electoratal district of MacKillop and the Federal division of Barker.
Taurus (consul 428)
Flavius Taurus (Greek: Ταύρος; died 449) was a politician of the Eastern Roman Empire, Consul in 428.

He was the son of Aurelianus, Consul in 400 and powerful Praetorian prefect of the East, and nephew of the Taurus who was Consul in 361. His son, Flavius Taurus Clementinus Armonius Clementinus, was consul in 513.

As his father, his grandfather and his uncle Flavius Eutychianus before him, he was Consul, in 428, and Praetorian prefect (of the East); he had also the rank of patricius between 433 and 434.

Aurelianus (consul 400)
Aurelianus (Greek: Αύρηλιανός, fl. 393–416) was a prominent politician of the Eastern Roman Empire.  He was praefectus urbi of Constantinople from 393 to 394, Praetorian prefect of the East from 399 to 400, and consul in 400.  In 400, Gothic rebels under Gainas forced the emperor Arcadius to give them Aurelianus, and he was exiled; he returned to Constantinople after the defeat of the Goths later that year.  He served as Pretorian Prefect to the East a second time from 414 to 416.
Cawood Castle
Cawood Castle is a grade I listed building in Cawood, a village in North Yorkshire, England. The surviving fifteenth-century structures formed part of a fortified medieval palace belonging to the Archbishops of York, which was dismantled in the aftermath of the English Civil War.

Cawood
Cawood (other names: Carwood) is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England that is notable as the location of the Cawood sword.

Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Cawood belonged to the Liberty of Cawood, Wistow and Otley. From 1974 to 2023 it was within the district of Selby. Since 1 April 2023 it has been administered by North Yorkshire Council. For elections to the UK Parliament the village is in the Selby constituency, created for the 2024 general election.
Bhangha
Bhangha   is a market center and town in Sambhunath Municipality in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. The formerly VDC was merged along with Khoksar Parbaha, Sambhunath, Mohanpur, Bhangha, Basbalpur and Rampur Jamuwa village development committee new municipality was formed on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4281 people living in 750 individual households.

Mohanpur, Saptari
Mohanpur is a developing village in Shambhunath Municipality in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. The formerly VDC was merged along with Khoksar Parbaha, Shambhunath, Mohanpur, Bhangha, Basbalpur and Rampur Jamuwa village development committee new municipality was formed on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 5673 people living in 1138 individual households.
RTC Transit
RTC Transit is the name of the public bus system in the Las Vegas metropolitan area of Clark County, Nevada. It is a subsidiary of the Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada.  While it services most of Clark County with regularly scheduled routes, most of the service is in the immediate Las Vegas Valley; outlying places such as Mesquite and Laughlin provide transit services to their residents via the Southern Nevada Transit Coalition, which uses several vehicles acquired from RTC Transit. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 55,665,200, or about 171,900 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Amtrak Thruway
Amtrak Thruway is a system of transportation services to connect passengers with areas not served by Amtrak trains. In most cases these are dedicated motorcoach routes, but can also be non-dedicated intercity bus services, transit buses, vans, taxis, ferry boats and commuter rail trains.

Train and Thruway tickets are typically purchased together from Amtrak for the length of a passenger's journey and connections are timed for guaranteed transfers between the two services.
Walsall Courier and South Staffordshire Gazette
Walsall Courier and South Staffordshire Gazette is the earliest known newspaper to serve Walsall in the ancient county of Staffordshire, now the West Midlands.

Established in 1855, it was published by Newey & Foster of New Street. It was a weekly newspaper and only lasted one year before the Walsall Guardian and District Advertiser was established in 1856.

Walsall
Walsall (/ˈwɔːlsɔːl/, or /ˈwɒlsɔːl/; locally /ˈwɔːsʊl/) is a market town and administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall, part of The Black Country in the West Midlands, England. Historically part of Staffordshire, it is located 9 miles (14 km) north-west of Birmingham, 7 miles (11 km) east of Wolverhampton and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Lichfield.

Walsall was transferred from Staffordshire to the newly created West Midlands county in 1974. At the 2011 census, the town's built-up area had a population of 67,594, with the wider borough having a population of 269,323. Neighbouring settlements in the borough include Darlaston, Brownhills, Pelsall, Willenhall, Bloxwich and Aldridge.
Sector (instrument)
The sector, also known as a  sector rule, proportional compass, or military compass, is a major calculating instrument that was in use from the end of the sixteenth century until the nineteenth century. It is an instrument consisting of two rulers of equal length joined by a hinge. A number of scales are inscribed upon the instrument which facilitate various mathematical calculations. It is used for solving problems in proportion, multiplication and division, geometry, and trigonometry, and for computing various mathematical functions, such as square roots and cube roots. Its several scales permitted easy and direct solutions of problems in gunnery, surveying and navigation. The sector derives its name from the fourth proposition of the sixth book of Euclid, where it is demonstrated that similar triangles have their like sides proportional. Some sectors also incorporated a quadrant, and sometimes a clamp at the end of one leg which allowed the device to be used as a gunner's quadrant.

Edmund Gunter
Edmund Gunter (1581 – 10 December 1626), was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.  He is best remembered for his mathematical contributions, which include the invention of the Gunter's chain, the Gunter's quadrant, and the Gunter's scale. In 1620, he invented the first successful analogue device which he developed to calculate logarithmic tangents.

He was mentored in mathematics by Reverend Henry Briggs and eventually became a Gresham Professor of Astronomy, from 1619 until his death.
Lesjaverk
Lesjaverk is a village in Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It lies in the upper Gudbrandsdal valley approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Dombås and about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) east of the village of Lesjaskog. The village lies along the European route E136 highway and the Raumabanen railway line. The E136 highway goes from Ålesund up through the Romsdalen valley and passes through Lesjaverk on the way to its end point at Dombås. Located in a high mountain pass at 633 metres (2,077 ft) in elevation, the village is situated between several mountains including the 1,883-metre (6,178 ft) tall Svarthøe, the 1,868-metre (6,129 ft) tall Storhøi, and the 1,702-metre (5,584 ft) tall Merratind which all are part of the Dovrefjell range to the north. The 1,780-metre (5,840 ft) tall mountain Digervarden lies to the south on the other side of the valley.

Romsdal
Romsdal is a traditional district in the Norwegian county Møre og Romsdal, located between Nordmøre and Sunnmøre. The district of Romsdal traditional comprises the areas that are part of Aukra Municipality, Molde Municipality, Rauma Municipality, and Vestnes Municipality plus the old Sandøy Municipality (now part of Ålesund Municipality) and the old Fræna Municipality (now part of Hustadvika Municipality). It is named after the valley of Romsdalen, which covers part of Rauma Municipality.

The largest town is Molde, which is also the seat of Møre og Romsdal County Municipality. Åndalsnes is a town located near the mouth of the river Rauma in Rauma Municipality. The Rauma Line railway comes from Dombås and terminates at Åndalsnes.
Empaong
Empaong is a settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 134.8 kilometres (83.8 mi) east of the state capital Kuching. Neighbouring settlements include:

Semumoh 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) west

Tusor 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) east

Salulap 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Tanu 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northeast

Jangkar 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northeast

Betong 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) southwest

Penurin 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) southeast

Penurin
Penurin is a settlement and longhouse in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 136.9 kilometres (85.1 mi) east of the state capital Kuching. Neighbouring settlements include:

Maja 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) east

Saka 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) south

Tusor 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) north

Empaong 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest

Bedanum 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northeast

Tansang 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) southwest

Melaban 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) west
Better Life Program for the African Rural Woman
The Better Life Program for the African Rural Woman or BLPARW is a non-profit organisation which was initiated  by the late Maryam Babangida, in September 1987 in Nigeria.  She was the wife of former Military President of Nigeria, Ibrahim Babangida.

The vision of the program is to see an emergence  of a well informed, economical and socio-politically empowered African woman participating effectively in the process of National development.  The current Chairperson of the Better Life Program for the African Rural Woman is Aisha Babangida, the first daughter of Late Maryam Babangida.

Maryam Babangida
Maryam Babangida, born Maria Ndidi Okogwu, (November 1, 1948 – December 27, 2009) was the wife of General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida, who was Nigeria's head of state from 1985 to 1993. Her husband was the target of criticism for rampant corruption during his regime. She was credited with creating the position of First Lady of Nigeria.

As first lady, she launched many programmes to improve the life of women. The "Maryam Phenomenon" became a celebrity and "an icon of beauty, fashion and style", a position she retained after her husband's exit from power.
Nihongi Station
Nihongi Station (二本木駅, Nihongi-eki) is a railway station on the  Echigo Tokimeki Railway Myōkō Haneuma Line in the city of Jōetsu, Niigata, Japan, operated by the third-sector operator Echigo Tokimeki Railway.  It is also a freight terminal for the Japan Freight Railway Company.

Jōetsu, Niigata
Jōetsu (上越市, Jōetsu-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 189,430, in 76,461 households with a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 973.81 square kilometres (375.99 sq mi). Jōetsu borders the Sea of Japan and is renowned for its abundance of snow, the annual cherry-blossom festival, sake and Koshihikari rice.
SNCASE SE-1010
The SNCASE SE-1010 was a late 1940s French photo-survey aircraft designed and built by SNCASE for the Institut Géographique National. One prototype was built, but it crashed and the project was cancelled.

SNCASE
SNCASE (abbreviated from Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Sud-Est) or Sud-Est was a French aircraft manufacturer. The company was formed on February 1, 1937, by the nationalization and merger of Lioré et Olivier, Potez, CAMS, Romano and SPCA.
Ikaw Lamang
Ikaw Lamang (International title: No Greater Love / transl. only you) is a 2014 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Malu L. Sevilla, Avel E. Sunpongco and Manny Q. Palo, it stars Kim Chiu and Coco Martin, Julia Montes, Jake Cuenca and KC Concepcion. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from March 10 to October 24, 2014, replacing Got to Believe and was replaced by Forevermore.

The entire first season followed the lives of Samuel (Coco Martin), Isabel (Kim Chiu), Mona (Julia Montes) and Franco (Jake Cuenca) encompassing the period between 1964-1984. It ran from March 10 to August 15, 2014 with a total of 112 episodes.

In the second season, the story revolved around Gabriel (Coco Martin), Andrea (Kim Chiu), and Natalia (KC Concepcion) and is set in the year 2005, with brief flashbacks from the 1990s. It aired from August 18 to October 24, 2014 with  50 episodes.

Amy Austria
Esmeralda Dizon Tuazon-Ventura (born December 13, 1961), known professionally as Amy Austria (Tagalog: [ˈami ˈʔaʊstɾija bɛnˈtʊɾa]), is a Filipino film and television actress. She is a recipient of a FAMAS Award, 2 Gawad Urian Awards, 3 FAP Awards and 4 MMFF Awards (including three Best Actress wins).

The Philippine Star listed Austria among the 15 Best Actresses of All Time. In 2019, Austria was inducted at the Hall of Fame at the Metro Manila Film Festival.
Opuntia rufida
Opuntia rufida is a species of prickly pear cactus native to southwestern Texas and northern Mexico, where it grows on rocky slopes. The species makes up for its total lack of spines with a profusion of red-brown glochids. The common name blind prickly pear or cow blinder comes from the fact that the glochids may be carried away by the wind and blind animals.

The plant is closely related to Opuntia microdasys, and is sometimes taken as its subspecies, O. m. subsp. rufida.

A commonly sold cultivar is Opuntia Rufida Minima Monstrose

Opuntia microdasys
Opuntia microdasys (angel's-wings, bunny ears cactus, bunny cactus or polka-dot cactus) is a species of flowering plant in the cactus family, Cactaceae. It is native and endemic to central and northern Mexico.
Siege of Babylon Fortress
The Babylon Fortress, a major military stronghold of the Byzantine Empire in Egypt, was captured by forces of the Rashidun Caliphate after a prolonged siege in 640. It was a major event during the Arab conquest of Egypt.

Theodore (prefect of Egypt)
Theodore (Latin: Theodorus, Greek: Θεόδωρος; fl. 7th century) was a Byzantine military commander who led the Byzantine army in the defence of Egypt during the Arab conquest, and served as the last Roman governor of Egypt from 21 March to 17 September 642.
CNA Arena Akita
The Akita Municipal Gymnasium (秋田市立体育館, Akita Shiritsu Taiikukan), currently known as CNA Arena Akita (CNAアリーナ★あきた) for sponsorship reasons, is an arena in Rinkai-area, Akita, Japan. It is owned and run by the city.

Cable Networks Akita (CNA) acquired its naming rights in 2015. The silver-colored building opened in 1994 and holds 5,000 people. The gym has a dome-shaped 154 feet height ceiling, and added 2,088 extra seatings in 2016. It is the home arena of the Akita Northern Happinets of the B.League, Japan's professional basketball league. The biggest basketball court in Akita is Akita Prefectural Gymnasium.

Akita Northern Happinets
The Akita Northern Happinets are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Akita that competes in the Eastern Conference of the First Division of the B.League. The team was formed as an expansion team of the bj league in 2010 and found success for the first time in 2013–14, finishing their fourth season as league runners-up. They went on to finish as runners-up for the second year in a row in 2014–15 and in third place in 2015–16, the final season of the bj league.
Tau, Norway
Tau is a village in Strand municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located on the shore of the Horgefjorden, a branch of the main Boknafjorden. Strand Church is located in the village. The 2.14-square-kilometre (530-acre) village has a population (2019) of 3,212 and a population density of 1,501 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,890/sq mi).

The village lies along the Norwegian National Road 13 highway, southwest of the small villages of Fiskå and Holta and northwest of the town of Jørpeland. The Ryfylke Tunnel connects Tau to the city of Stavanger nearly 20 kilometres (12 mi) away on the other side of a wide fjord.

Ryfylke Tunnel
The Ryfylke Tunnel (Norwegian: Ryfylketunnelen) is an undersea road tunnel in Rogaland county, Norway. It is part of the Norwegian National Road 13 running between Stavanger and Ryfylke (district) under the Horgefjord (part of the Boknafjord). The tunnel is part of the Ryfast project. It is 14.4 kilometres (9 mi) long and is currently the world's longest subsea road tunnel, and the deepest tunnel of any kind. Both records are expected to be surpassed by Rogfast, which is projected to open in 2033.

The tunnel is designed for 10,000 vehicles per day and is built with one tube for each traffic-direction, and two vehicular lanes in each tube. The entrance on the Ryfylke side is located about one kilometre (one-half mile) north of Solbakk in Strand municipality (just south of Tau). The entrance on the "city side" is on Hundvåg island in  Stavanger municipality.  Construction began in 2013, and the tunnel opened on 30 December 2019. A half marathon was held in the tunnel on 5 October 2019.
Muiden
Muiden (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmœydə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and former municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It lies at the mouth of the Vecht and is in an area called the Vechtstreek. Since 2016, Muiden has been part of the new municipality of Gooise Meren.

Muiden Castle
Muiden Castle (Dutch: Muiderslot, Dutch pronunciation: [ˌmœydərˈslɔt]) is a castle in the Netherlands, located at the mouth of the Vecht river, some 15 kilometers southeast of Amsterdam, in Muiden, where it flows into what used to be the Zuiderzee. It is one of the better known castles in the Netherlands and featured in many television shows set in the Middle Ages.
Wilson action
In lattice field theory, the Wilson action is a discrete formulation of the Yang–Mills action, forming the foundation of lattice gauge theory. Rather than using Lie algebra valued gauge fields as the fundamental parameters of the theory, group valued link fields are used instead, which correspond to the smallest Wilson lines on the lattice. In modern simulations of pure gauge theory, the action is usually modified by introducing higher order operators through Symanzik improvement, significantly reducing discretization errors. The action was introduced by Kenneth Wilson in his seminal 1974 paper, launching the study of lattice field theory.

Lattice gauge theory
In physics, lattice gauge theory is the study of gauge theories on a spacetime that has been discretized into a lattice.

Gauge theories are important in particle physics, and include the prevailing theories of elementary particles: quantum electrodynamics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and particle physics' Standard Model. Non-perturbative gauge theory calculations in continuous spacetime formally involve evaluating an infinite-dimensional path integral, which is computationally intractable. By working on a discrete spacetime, the path integral becomes finite-dimensional, and can be evaluated by stochastic simulation techniques such as the Monte Carlo method.  When the size of the lattice is taken infinitely large and its sites infinitesimally close to each other, the continuum gauge theory is recovered.
ArenaBowl XXIII
NAPA Auto Parts ArenaBowl XXIII was an arena football game between the National Conference champion, Spokane Shock and the American Conference champion, Tampa Bay Storm. The Spokane Shock won the game successfully defending ArenaCup X of the former af2. The game was played on August 20, 2010, and was held at the Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena in Spokane, Washington, the first non-neutral site since 2004 (ArenaBowl XVIII). The game was shown live on the NFL Network, as well as a tape delay on Eurosport 2. The corporate sponsor was NAPA Auto Parts.

2009 AF2 season
The 2009 AF2 season was the AF2's 10th and final season. It was preceded by 2008. The regular season began on Friday, March 20 and finished on Saturday, July 25.  The league champion was the Spokane Shock, who defeated the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers 74–27 in ArenaCup X.
National Committee of Reconciliation and Development
The National Committee of Reconciliation and Development (French: Comité national du rassemblement et du développement, CNRD) is the ruling military junta of Guinea from 5 September 2021 to 17 January 2026.

Military junta
A military junta (/ˈhʊntə, ˈdʒʌntə/ ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. The term is now used to refer to an authoritarian form of government characterized by a politically dominant group of military officers.
Sullivan brothers
The Sullivan brothers were five brothers from Waterloo, Iowa who served together on the light cruiser USS Juneau. They were all killed in action on November 13, 1942, when Juneau served in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. Juneau was crippled by a torpedo fired from the Japanese destroyer Amatsukaze, then finished off by a torpedo fired from Japanese submarine I-26.

On March 17, 2018, the wreckage of Juneau was discovered off the coast of the Solomon Islands by the expedition crew of RV Petrel, then-owned by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen.

USS The Sullivans (DD-537)
USS The Sullivans (DD-537) is a retired United States Navy Fletcher-class destroyer. The ship was named in honor of the five Sullivan brothers (George, Francis, Joseph, Madison, and Albert) aged 20 to 27 who died when the light cruiser, USS Juneau, was sunk by a Japanese submarine during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on 13 November 1942. This was the greatest military loss by any one American family during World War II. She was also the first ship commissioned in the Navy that honored more than one person.

After service in both World War II and the Korean War, The Sullivans was assigned to the 6th Fleet and was a training ship until she was decommissioned on 7 January 1965.

In 1977, she and cruiser USS Little Rock were processed for donation to the Buffalo and Erie County Naval & Military Park in Buffalo, New York. The ship now serves as a memorial museum ship and is open for public tours. On 13 April 2022, the USS The Sullivans partially sank from a severe hull breach.