hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zapata Peninsula
Zapata Peninsula (Spanish: Península de Zapata) is a large peninsula in Matanzas Province, southern Cuba, at 22°18′N 81°23′W﻿ / ﻿22.30°N 81.38°W﻿ / 22.30; -81.38. Ciénaga de Zapata National Park is located on the peninsula.

It is located south of Ensenada de la Broa, east of the gulf of Batabano, and north of the Gulf of Cazones. The Bay of Pigs defines its eastern limit. To the north, it is bounded by the Carretera Central highway.

Bay of Pigs
The Bay of Pigs (Spanish: Bahía de Cochinos) is an inlet of the Gulf of Cazones, located on the southern coast of Cuba. By 1910 it was included in Santa Clara Province, and then to Las Villas Province by 1961, but in 1976, it was reassigned to Matanzas Province, when the original six provinces of Cuba were re-organized into 14 new Provinces of Cuba.

The bay is historically important for the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion of 1961. The area is a site known for its diving, with an abundance of marine fauna, e.g. 30 species of sponges belonging to 19 families and 21 genera, to be found in the bay.
Stow-Hardy House
The Stow-Hardy House is a historic American Revolutionary War site associated with the revolution's first battle, the 1775 battles of Lexington and Concord. It stands, on the site of a previous home built around 1689, on Lexington Road in Concord, Massachusetts, just southwest of the former Battle Road. It is one of eleven houses within the Minute Man National Historic Park that still exists today.

Battle Road
Battle Road, formerly known as the  Old Concord Road and the Bay Road, is a historic road in Massachusetts, United States. It was formerly part of the main road connecting Lexington, Lincoln and Concord, three of the main towns involved in the American Revolutionary War. It was on Battle Road that thousands of colonial militia and British regulars fought during the redcoats' retreat from Concord to Boston on the morning and afternoon of April 19, 1775.
Highland Regional High School
Highland Regional High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Gloucester Township in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school is located in the Blackwood section of Gloucester Township and is one of the three secondary schools of the Black Horse Pike Regional School District, which also includes Timber Creek Regional High School and Triton Regional High School (which serves students from Bellmawr and Runnemede). The school is accredited by the New Jersey Department of Education.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,150 students and 91.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.5:1. There were 354 students (30.8% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 210 (18.3% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Bellmawr, New Jersey
Bellmawr (/ˈbɛlmɑːr/ BEL-mar) is a borough in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 11,707, an increase of 124 (+1.1%) from the 2010 census count of 11,583, which in turn reflected an increase of 321 (+2.9%) from the 11,262 counted in the 2000 census.

Bellmawr is home to the main post office for the area, one of the largest in the state of New Jersey, handling an average of 4.5 million pieces of mail daily.
Michael Collins (diplomat)
Michael Collins (born 25 June 1953, Dublin, Ireland) is a retired Irish diplomat.  Collins retired after his tenure as Ambassador to Germany (2013-2019). He was also Ambassador to the United States from 2007 to 2013, Saudi Arabia from 1995 to 1999 and to the Czech Republic from 1999 to 2001.

As of 18 November 2019, he has been Director General of The Institute of International and European Affairs.

Collins attended Blackrock College, Dublin and Trinity College, Dublin.

Institute of International and European Affairs
The Institute of International and European Affairs (IIEA; Irish: An Institiúid Gnóthaí Idirnáisiúnta agus Eorpacha) is an Irish policy think tank focusing on European and international policy trends based in Dublin, Ireland. It is known for its seminars and speaking events which attract notable international figures.
Semi-trailer truck
A semi-trailer truck (also known by a wide variety of other terms – see below) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth wheel.

Kingpin (automotive part)
The kingpin (also king-pin, king pin and k pin) is the main pivot in the steering mechanism of a car or other vehicle.

The term is also used to refer to part of a fifth wheel coupling apparatus for a semi and its trailer or other load.
2017 CAF Confederation Cup group stage
The 2017 CAF Confederation Cup group stage was played from 12 May to 9 July 2017. A total of 16 teams competed in the group stage to decide the eight places in the knockout stage of the 2017 CAF Confederation Cup.

2017 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2017 CAF Confederation Cup (officially the 2017 Total CAF Confederation Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 14th edition of the CAF Confederation Cup, Africa's secondary club football competition organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

Starting from this season, the group stage was expanded from eight to 16 teams, divided into four groups of four, and the knockout stage expanded from 4 to 8 teams.

Defending champions TP Mazembe, which entered the Confederation Cup after losing in the 2017 CAF Champions League first round, defeated Supersport United in the final, and earned the right to play against the winners of the 2017 CAF Champions League in the 2018 CAF Super Cup.
County Hall, Haverfordwest
The County Hall (Welsh: Neuadd y Sir) is a municipal building on Freemens Way in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, Wales. It was built in 1999 and serves as the offices and meeting place of Pembrokeshire County Council.

Haverfordwest
Haverfordwest (/ˌhævərfərdˈwɛst/ HAV-ər-fərd-WEST, locally /ˈhɑːrfərdwɛst/ HAR-fərd-west; Welsh: Hwlffordd [ˈhʊlfɔrð]) is the county town of Pembrokeshire, Wales, and the most populous urban area in Pembrokeshire with a population of 14,596 in 2011. It is also a community consisting of 12,042 people, making it the second most populous community in the county after Milford Haven. The suburbs include the former parish of Prendergast, Albert Town and the residential and industrial areas of Withybush (housing, retail parks, hospital, airport and showground).

Haverfordwest has a strategic location: it was the lowest bridging point of the Western Cleddau before the Cleddau Bridge opened in 1975.
2022 Quezon local elections
Local elections were held in the Province of Quezon on May 9, 2022, as part of the 2022 general election.  Voters will select candidates for all local positions: a town mayor, vice mayor and town councilors, as well as members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the vice-governor, governor and representatives for the four districts of Quezon.

Angelina Tan
Angelina "Helen" Beredo de Luna-Tan (born October 1, 1971) is a Filipino physician and who has served as the 31st governor of Quezon since 2022. She is the first woman to hold the office. Before becoming governor, she served as the representative of Quezon's fourth district from 2013 to 2022.
Spot-throat
The spot-throat (Modulatrix stictigula) is a species of bird in the family Modulatricidae. It is the only member of the genus Modulatrix.
It is native to the Eastern Arc forests.

This species is monotypic, although it was previously thought to have two subspecies.

Modulatricidae
Modulatricidae is a small family of passerine birds which are restricted to Africa.

These species have been taxonomic enigmas in the past, having been moved between the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae, and Timaliidae sensu lato; they are now known to form a clade sister either to the sugarbirds or to the majority of Passeroidea.
Constitutional history of Brunei
Although Brunei attained full independence on 1 January 1984, it was able to establish autonomous government in 1959. According to the Constitution of Brunei, the Sultan of Brunei has a great deal of political authority and can reject the choices made by the Executive Council as long as he justifies it in writing. The Privy Council, which counsels the Sultan on questions of compassion, constitutional modifications, and honorific designations, the Legislative Council, which is supposed to consist of both elected and appointed members, and District Councils were also formed under the constitution. As the head of state and religion, the Sultan Brunei is in charge of the legislative, executive, and judicial departments of government. Brunei is a unitary state with a constitutional monarchy. Islam is the recognised state religion.

Pengiran Anak Mohamed Alam
Pengiran Anak Mohamed Alam (18 October 1918 – 14 December 1982) was a civil servant and noble magistrate who held the position of Pengiran Pemancha in Brunei. Serving from 1950 until 1982, this title marked him as the third most senior rank within the wazir class of state officials. He served as Brunei's first chief of Adat Istiadat Negara from 1954 to 1981 before assuming the role of the fourth speaker of the Legislative Council of Brunei (LegCo) from 1971 to 1974. Notably, he was the father of Queen Saleha, the raja isteri (queen consort) to Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, and the maternal grandfather of Al-Muhtadee Billah, the Crown Prince of Brunei.
Churchill–Roosevelt Highway
The Churchill–Roosevelt Highway, sometimes refers to as CRH, is the major east–west highway on Trinidad island in Trinidad and Tobago.

It runs for 35 km (22 mi) from Barataria in the west (where it joins the Beetham Highway) to Wallerfield in the east (south-east of Arima) where it ends in the former US Army base on Fort Read.  It crosses the north–south Uriah Butler Highway (UBH) at Valsayn.  Constructed during World War II to connect the US Army base with Port of Spain, the highway was named for the two wartime leaders, Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Construction began in December 1941 and was completed in March 1942. Originally reserved for the US armed forces, the road was turned over to the Government of Trinidad and Tobago on 24 October 1949.

Beetham Highway
The Beetham Highway is a major highway in Trinidad and Tobago.  It runs from downtown Port of Spain where it meets Wrightson Road to Barataria (where it connects with the Churchill-Roosevelt Highway).  It was constructed between 1955 and 1956. The highway was named for former Governor Sir Edward Betham Beetham.

In January 2009, world boxing champion Giselle Salandy died after a car crash at Beetham Highway.
U4 spliceosomal RNA
The U4 small nuclear Ribo-Nucleic Acid (U4 snRNA) is a non-coding RNA component of the major or U2-dependent spliceosome – a eukaryotic molecular machine involved in the splicing of pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).  It forms a duplex with U6, and with each splicing round, it is displaced from the U6 snRNA (and the spliceosome) in an ATP-dependent manner, allowing U6 to re-fold and create the active site for splicing catalysis. A recycling process involving protein Brr2 releases U4 from U6, while protein Prp24 re-anneals U4 and U6. The crystal structure of a 5′ stem-loop of U4 in complex with a binding protein has been solved.

Prp24
Prp24 (precursor RNA processing, gene 24) is a protein part of the pre-messenger RNA splicing process and aids the binding of U6 snRNA to U4 snRNA during the formation of spliceosomes. Found in eukaryotes from yeast to E. coli, fungi, and humans, Prp24 was initially discovered to be an important element of RNA splicing in 1989. Mutations in Prp24 were later discovered in 1991 to suppress mutations in U4 that resulted in cold-sensitive strains of yeast, indicating its involvement in the reformation of the U4/U6 duplex after the catalytic steps of splicing.
Charles IV in his Hunting Clothes
Charles IV in his Hunting Clothes is an oil on canvas painting of 1799 by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya, the second of his two portraits of King Charles IV of Spain.

While Goya devotes a great deal of attention to his depiction of the king's sash and cloth, he emphasises his weakness in his rendering of a near-portly belly and indecisive stare. The art critic Robert Hughes describes a "big nosed face, framed in the tricorned hat like the head of an affable turtle poking from its shell".  It is part of the Spanish national collection, now displayed in the Royal Palace of Madrid.

During his career, Goya depicted both father and son in hunting dress. The inspiration for the older man's outfit is probably taken from Velázquez's portrait of Philip IV, which the artist would have the opportunity to see as then court painter. Goya pays tribute to Titian's  Portrait of Charles V with a dog by depicting a dog loyally sniffing at the royal crotch.

Portrait of Charles V with a Dog
The Portrait of Charles V with a Dog is a portrait by Titian of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor with a hunting dog, created in 1533. It passed from Charles to the Spanish royal collection, from which it came to the Museo del Prado, in Madrid.
Betty Baskcomb
Betty Violet Marie Baskcomb (30 May 1914 – 15 April 2003) was a British actress who appeared in roles for theatre, film, television and radio productions. She was born in London in 1914 and made her stage debut as a stooge opposite her father, the comedian A.W. Baskcomb, in 1931. Her screen debut was in the Hitchcock film The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934). Hitchcock insisted she played a part in the remake (released in 1956), and she was flown over to Hollywood for the role, although she was uncredited in both versions. On the radio, she was a member of the BBC Drama Repertory Company from the 1940s through to the 1970s. In 1956 she appeared on stage in Ring For Catty at the Lyric Theatre in London.

Baskcomb was widowed twice, she was married to Anthony Lehmann (1940–1944) and the actor Ronald Ward (1948–1978). She made her last television appearance in 1975, and died in 2003.

A. W. Baskcomb
A. W. Baskcomb (5 July 1879 – 10 December 1939) was a British stage actor known for his comedy roles. He also appeared in several films. On stage he originated the role of Slightly in J.M. Barrie's 1904 play Peter and Wendy, continuing to play it for the next seven years. Other appearances included the Edwardian musical The Gay Gordons and Frederick Lonsdale's The Street Singer.

His daughter was the actress Betty Baskcomb. Three photographic portraits of Baskcomb are in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London.
Rouyn-Noranda–Témiscamingue
Rouyn-Noranda–Témiscamingue is a provincial electoral district in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada, which elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. It notably includes large portions of the city of Rouyn-Noranda as well as the cities or municipalities of Ville-Marie, Témiscaming, Lorrainville, Saint-Bruno-de-Guigues, Notre-Dame-du-Nord and Laverlochère-Angliers. No incumbent since Rémy Trudel (who won re-election in 1998) has won re-election in the riding.

It was created for the 1981 election from parts of Rouyn-Noranda, Gatineau and Pontiac-Témiscamingue electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, its territory was unchanged.

Rouyn-Noranda (electoral district)
Rouyn-Noranda (French pronunciation: [ʁwɛ̃ nɔʁɑ̃da]) was a former provincial electoral district in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada, which elected members to the National Assembly of Quebec (known as the Legislative Assembly of Quebec until December 1968). It was located in and around the city of Rouyn-Noranda.

It was created for the 1944 election from parts of the now-defunct Témiscamingue electoral district. Its final election was in 1976. It disappeared in the 1981 election and its successor electoral district was Rouyn-Noranda–Témiscamingue.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Missouri
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Missouri.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Missouri, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 15 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.

Jefferson County, Missouri
Jefferson County is located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 226,739, making it the sixth-most populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Hillsboro. The county was organized in 1818 and named in honor of former president Thomas Jefferson. In 1980, according to the U.S. census held that year, the county contained the mean center of U.S. population. Notably, this was the first census in which the center of population was west of the Mississippi River. Jefferson County is part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area and encompasses many of the city's southern suburbs.
Empodisma
Empodisma is a genus of herbaceous rush-like plants in the family Restionaceae first described in 1974. It is native to Australia and New Zealand.

species

Empodisma gracillimum (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler - Western Australia

Empodisma minus (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson & D.F.Cutler - Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, North Island of New Zealand

Empodisma robustum Wagstaff & B.R.Clarkson - North Island of New Zealand

Restionaceae
The Restionaceae, also called restiads and restios, are a family of flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere; they vary from a few centimeters to 3 meters in height. Following the APG IV (2016): the family now includes the former families Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae and Lyginiaceae, and as such includes 51 genera with 572 known species. Based on evidence from fossil pollen, the Restionaceae likely originated more than 65 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period, when the southern continents were still part of Gondwana.
Kaplan University
Kaplan University (KU) was a private online for-profit university owned by Kaplan, Inc., a subsidiary of Graham Holdings Company. It was predominantly a distance learning institution, maintaining 14 ground locations across the United States. The university was named in honor of Stanley H. Kaplan, who founded Kaplan Test Prep.  It was regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, one of seven major accrediting bodies in the U.S., but some programs did not have the field-specific accreditation needed for graduates to obtain certification.

In 2017, Graham sold Kaplan University to Purdue University, with the aim of changing it into a nonprofit online institution now known as Purdue University Global. The acquisition, announced in April 2017, was completed in March 2018.

Purdue Global Law School
Purdue Global Law School (formerly Concord Law School and Concord University School of Law), is an online law school based in Los Angeles, California. It is one of several schools within Purdue University Global. Established in 1998, Purdue Global Law was the United States' first fully online law school. The school is approved by the State Bar of California and not accredited by the American Bar Association, providing limitations in taking the bar exam in most states other than California, Connecticut, and Indiana.
National Prize for Plastic Arts (Chile)
The National Prize for Plastic Arts (Spanish: Premio Nacional de Artes Plásticas) was created in Chile in 1992 under Law 19169 as one of the replacements of the National Prize of Art. It is granted "to the person who has distinguished himself by his achievements in the respective area of the arts" (Article 8 of the aforementioned law). It is part of the National Prize of Chile.

The prize, which is awarded every two years, consists of a diploma, the sum of 6,576,457 pesos (US$8,665) which is adjusted every year, according to the previous year's consumer price index, and a pension of 20 monthly tax units (approximately US$1,600).

National Prize of Chile
The National Prize of Chile (Spanish: Premio Nacional de Chile) is the collective name given to a set of awards granted by the government of Chile through the Ministry of Education and, as of 2003, by the National Council of Culture and the Arts. They are presented by the President of the Republic at an official ceremony held at La Moneda Palace.
Zeekoevlei
Zeekoevlei is a freshwater lake in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town, South Africa. The lake is 258 hectares (640 acres) in area. Its name means hippopotamus pond or lake, from the Afrikaans words seekoei (literally "sea cow") and vlei.

Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve (established in June 2000) is based on the lake. The total area of the reserve is 344 hectares (850 acres). It is separated by a peninsula from the Rondevlei Nature Reserve and preserves endangered Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetland ecosystems.

Zeekoevlei is used for recreational rowing and sailing.

Vlei
A vlei (/fleɪ/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [fləi]) is a shallow minor lake, mostly of a seasonal or intermittent nature. It even might refer to seasonal ponds or marshy patches where frogs and similar marsh dwellers breed. Commonly, vleis vary in their extent, or even in the presence or absence of water, according to the fall of rain or dryness of the season. In terms of water salinity, vleis may be freshwater, saltwater, or brackish. Over time a vlei may degrade into a salt pan or clay pan, such as Dead Vlei or Sossusvlei.
Huan Yi (Shuxia)
Huan Yi (died 391), courtesy name Shuxia was a Chinese military general and musician of the Jin dynasty (266–420). He was a very popular administrator among the people of Yuzhou, from his early days of Prefect of Huainan to Inspector of the province. He participated in the famous Battle of Fei River in 383, fighting alongside Xie Xuan as they repel Former Qin forces. Outside his military career, Huan Yi was most known for was his contribution in music. It is believed that he was the original composer of the popular guqin composition "Mei Hua Sannong (梅花三弄)" or "3 Variations on the Plum Blossom".

Xie Xuan
Xie Xuan (謝玄) (343 – 8 February 388), courtesy name Youdu (幼度), formally Duke Xianwu of Kangle (康樂獻武公), was an Eastern Jin general who is best known for repelling the Former Qin army at the Battle of Fei River, preventing the Former Qin emperor Fu Jiān from destroying Jin and uniting China.
Apophony
In linguistics, apophony is an alternation of vowel (quality) within a word that indicates grammatical information (often inflectional). It is also known as ablaut, (vowel) gradation, (vowel) mutation, alternation, internal modification, stem modification, stem alternation, replacive morphology, stem mutation, or internal inflection.

Alternation (linguistics)
In linguistics, an alternation is the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization. Each of the various realizations is called an alternant. The variation may be conditioned by the phonological, morphological, and/or syntactic environment in which the morpheme finds itself.

Alternations provide linguists with data that allow them to determine the allophones and allomorphs of a language's phonemes and morphemes and to develop analyses determining the distribution of those allophones and allomorphs.

The term "sound change" refers to diachronic changes, which occur in a language's sound system. On the other hand, "alternation" refers to changes that happen synchronically (within the language of an individual speaker, depending on the neighbouring sounds) and do not change the language's underlying system.