hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Statue of Saint George, Prague Castle
The equestrian statue of Saint George (Czech: Socha svatého Jiří) is installed at Prague Castle in Prague, Czech Republic. The bronze sculpture was created in 1373 by Transylvanian Saxon sculptors Martin and Georg of "Clussenberch", today's Cluj (Martinum et Georgium de Clussenberch in the Latin inscription, in which the dialectal Saxon city name is used). The statue was probably cast in Nagyvárad/Großwardein, today's Oradea, where two other works by the two brothers have stood in the dome square until being melted for their metal in the 17th century during the Turkish wars.

According to a Hungarian blog, the statue was first erected in the main church of Bratislava, then moved to Königgrätz, and was only brought to Prague in 1471. It speculates that Louis I (1342–1382) presented it as a gift to Emperor Charles IV.

The statue was made with the lost-wax casting method, and was turned into a fountain statue in the 16th century.

Prague Castle
Prague Castle (Czech: Pražský hrad; [ˈpraʃskiː ˈɦrat]) is a castle complex in Prague, Czech Republic serving as the official residence and workplace of the president of the Czech Republic. Built in the 9th century, the castle has long served as the seat of power for kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman emperors, and presidents of Czechoslovakia. As such, the term "Prague Castle" or simply "Hrad" ("the Castle") are often used as metonymy for the president and his staff and advisors. The Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept within a hidden room inside it.

According to the Guinness Book of Records, Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world, occupying an area of almost 70,000 square metres (750,000 square feet), at about 570 metres (1,870 feet) in length and an average of about 130 metres (430 feet) wide. The castle is the most visited tourist attraction in the Czech Republic. In 2024, the castle attracted 2.59 million visitors.
Geology of Ontario
The geology of Ontario is the study of rock formations in the most populated province in Canada- it is home to some of the oldest rock on Earth. The geology in Ontario consists of ancient Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rock which sits under younger, sedimentary rocks and soils.

Around 61% of Ontario is covered by the Canadian Shield.  The shield, as a whole, can further be divided into three sections- these are known as provinces. The northwestern parts of the Shield, located north and west of Sudbury, are known as the Superior province. This is the largest of the three sections, covering 70% of the Canadian Shield portion in Ontario.  The Southern province is a narrow region from Sault Ste. Marie to Kirkland Lake.  The South central part is dominated by the Grenville Province but flanked by two basins of Phanerozoic materials.

Abundant mineral deposits are found here and as a result are mined extensively.

Southern Province (Canadian Shield)
The Southern Province is a portion of Proterozoic rock that ranges in age from 2.5 billion to 600 million years old. It represents a subdivision of the much larger Canadian Shield and forms the bedrock of portions of Ontario, Canada and the U.S. states of Michigan and Minnesota. A few significant geologic features are situated in the Southern Province, including the Midcontinent Rift System and the Sudbury Igneous Complex.
Gray River
The Gray River is a river in the Fiordland area of New Zealand. It arises in the Cameron Mountains in Fiordland National Park and flows south-west and then north-west into Revolver Bay, on the south side of Rakituma / Preservation Inlet.

The river may have once flowed into Kisbee Bay, south of its current mouth, but it built a broad flat by depositing glacial debris, changing its course to Revolver Bay.

Rakituma / Preservation Inlet
Rakituma / Preservation Inlet is the southernmost fiord in Fiordland National Park and lies on the southwest corner of the South Island of New Zealand. With an area of 93 square kilometres (36 sq mi), it is the fourth largest fiord in New Zealand, after Tamatea / Dusky Sound, Doubtful Sound / Patea, and the neighbouring Taiari / Chalky Inlet to the north. Rakituma was briefly the site of an attempted fishing and gold mining settlement at Cromarty during the 19th century, however this was quickly abandoned once the level of gold declined in relation to more promising fields elsewhere.
Centrist camp
The centrist camp, also known as the moderate camp or moderate groups, is Hong Kong's moderate political alignment.

Although they are not actively pro-government at the level of the pro-Beijing camp, the centrist camp interacts and support the Chinese government. For example, Ronny Tong of Path of Democracy entered the Executive Council of Hong Kong. Both Path of Democracy and Third Side join the ‘patriots-only’ legislative election.

Ronny Tong
Ronny Tong Ka-wah GBS KC SC JP (Chinese: 湯家驊; born 28 August 1950) is a Hong Kong barrister and politician. He has been a non-official member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong since 2017.

Tong co-founded the Civic Party and was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, representing the New Territories East constituency from 2004 until he quit the party and resigned from the legislature on 22 June 2015, following the historic vote on Hong Kong electoral reform a few days earlier, having switched his political alignment from pro-democracy to pro-Beijing Hong Kong political group Path of Democracy, of which he is currently the convener.
Nital
Nital is a solution of nitric acid and alcohol commonly used for etching of metals. It is especially suitable for revealing the microstructure of carbon steels. The alcohol can be methanol or ethanol.

Mixtures of ethanol and nitric acid are potentially explosive. This commonly occurs by gas evolution, although ethyl nitrate can also be formed. Methanol is not liable to explosion but it is toxic.

A solution of ethanol and nitric acid will become explosive if the concentration of nitric acid reaches over 10% (by weight). Solutions above 5% should not be stored in closed containers. Nitric acid will continue to act as an oxidant in dilute and cold conditions.

Chemical milling
Chemical       milling or industrial etching is the subtractive manufacturing process of using baths of temperature-regulated etching chemicals to remove material to create an object with the desired shape.  Other names for chemical etching include photo etching, chemical etching, photo chemical etching and photochemical machining. It is mostly used on metals, though other materials are increasingly important.  It was developed from armor-decorating and printing etching processes developed during the Renaissance as alternatives to engraving on metal. The process essentially involves bathing the cutting areas in a corrosive chemical known as an etchant, which reacts with the material in the area to be cut and causes the solid material to be dissolved; inert substances known as maskants are used to protect specific areas of the material as resists.
Campolieto
Campolieto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about  11 kilometres (7 mi)  northeast of Campobasso.

Campolieto borders the following municipalities: Castellino del Biferno, Matrice, Monacilioni, Morrone del Sannio, Ripabottoni, San Giovanni in Galdo.

Matrice
Matrice is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Campobasso. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,081 and an area of 20.4 square kilometres (7.9 sq mi).

Matrice borders the following municipalities: Campobasso, Campolieto, Castellino del Biferno, Montagano, Petrella Tifernina, Ripalimosani, San Giovanni in Galdo.

At the beginning of the 20th century, many residents of Matrice began to immigrate to the U.S.
Agostino Bausa
Agostino Bausa, O.P. (Italian pronunciation: [aɡoˈstiːno ˈbauza]; 23 February 1821 – 14 April 1899) – born Antonio Vincenzo Giuseppe Bausa – was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. A member of the Dominican Order, he served as Archbishop of Florence from 1889 to 1899.

Archdiocese of Florence
The Archdiocese of Florence (Latin: Archidioecesis Florentina) is a Latin Church metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. It was traditionally founded in the 1st century, according to the 14th century chronicler Giovanni Villani. The diocese was directly subordinate to the Holy See (Papacy) until 1420.

Florence was elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on 10 May 1419, by Pope Martin V. The ecclesiastical province of Florence, of which the Archbishop of Florence in the metropolitan, includes the suffragan dioceses of Arezzo-Cortona-Sansepolcro, Fiesole, Pistoia, Prato, and San Miniato.

The seat of the Archbishop of Florence is Florence Cathedral, otherwise the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore. Since 24th June 2024 Archbishop Gherardo Gambelli has been the Archbishop of Florence.
Holywood F.C.
Holywood Football Club is a Northern Irish intermediate football club playing in Division 1A of the Northern Amateur Football League. The club is based in Holywood, County Down, and was founded in 1983 by the amalgamation of Loughview Star (founded 1961) and Holywood Town (founded 1972).

The club has four Senior Men's teams and a Senior Ladies team, both of which successfully completed their first competitive season. In season 2023/24 the First Team were promoted into Division 1A; the Second team finished in a Fourth league position and the Third team were promoted from Division 2 to Division 1 of the North Down Winter league. A newly formed Fourth team narrowly missed out on promotion, only beaten on goal difference in their first season.

Holywood, County Down
Holywood (/ˈhɒliwʊd/ HOL-ee-wuud; from Latin  Sanctus Boscus 'holy wood') is a town in the metropolitan area of Belfast in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is a civil parish and townland of 306 hectares (755 acres) lying on the shore of Belfast Lough, between Belfast and Bangor. Holywood Exchange and Belfast City Airport are nearby.
A.D. Camacha
Associação Desportiva da Camacha, known as A.D. Camacha, is a Portuguese football club from Santa Cruz, Madeira. Founded in 1978, they play in the Campeonato de Portugal. They play their home games in Campo Municipal da Nogueira, which has a capacity of 1,000. Their chairman is Celso Almeida e Silva and their manager is José Barros.

Madeira Football Association
The Madeira Football Association (Associação de Futebol da Madeira, abrv. AF Madeira) is the regional governing body for the all football competitions in the former Portuguese district of Funchal, including both Madeira Island and Porto Santo Island. It is also the regulator of the clubs registered in the autonomous region.

The association was founded as the Funchal Football Association (Associação de Futebol do Funchal) in 1916, before being renamed as the Madeira Football Association in 1996.
Eidsvatnet
Eidsvatnet is a lake on the border of Høylandet Municipality and Overhalla Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 15.87-square-kilometre (6.13 sq mi) lake lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the village of Skogmo. The lake empties into the river Bjøra which flows a short distance into the large river Namsen.

Skogmo
Skogmo is a village in Overhalla Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located along the Norwegian County Road 17, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of the municipal centre, Ranemsletta. The village lies just north of the river Namsen and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the lake Eidsvatnet.

The 0.57-square-kilometre (140-acre) village has a population (2024) of 285 and a population density of 500 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,300/sq mi).
Frédéric Geille
Colonel Frédéric Cyrille Jules (Fred) Geille (French: Frédéric Geille; 19 November 1896, in Brest – 21 July 1976, in Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was a French military officer. Geille was the first French paratrooper and a fighter pilot (French: Pilote de Chasse) of the French Air Force as well as a commander and founder of various units and initiatives. He is also considered as the father of French paratroopers and the inventor of French High-Altitude Operational Jumpers (French: Chuteurs Opérationnels).

1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment
The 1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment (French: 1er Régiment de Chasseurs Parachutistes, 1er R.C.P) is the oldest and among the most decorated airborne forces regiments of the French Army. Established in the French Army in 1943, and formerly part of the French Air Force since 1937, the chasseur distinguished its Regimental Colors during the campaigns of the Liberation of Paris, the First Indochina War in 1947, 1950, 1953, 1954 and the Algerian War. This elite regiment is part of the 11th Parachute Brigade.

The 1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment is the only French parachute regiment that traces its roots to the French Air Force, hence the representation of a golden hawk on the rank insignia and that of uniforms and which originally referred to the 601st Airborne Infantry Group and 602nd Airborne Infantry Group respectively (601e G.I.A, 602e G.I.A).
Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands
The chief executive of the Falkland Islands is head of the public service responsible for the efficient and effective management of the Falkland Islands Government. The appointment, role and powers of the Chief Executive are set out in the Constitution of the Falkland Islands.

Executive Council of the Falkland Islands
The Executive Council of the Falkland Islands is the  policy making body of the Government of the Falkland Islands, exercising executive power by advising the Governor. It has an equivalent role to that of the Privy Council in the United Kingdom. The first Executive Council for the Falklands was inaugurated on 2 April 1845 by Governor Richard Moody.
Beit Khallaf
Beit Khallaf (Arabic: بيت خلاف [ˈbeːt xalˈlaːf] ) is a small rural village located 10 kilometers west of Girga in Upper Egypt. Beit Khallaf is part of the area known as the Hajer line, which is composed of three other villages: Beit Allam, Beit Khuraybi, and Beit Dawud Sahl. In 2006, the population of the village was 10,895. The area has several mastabas and burial sites and is governed by the Egyptian ministry of Antiques as an Ancient Archeological site.

Sanakht
Sanakht (also read as Hor-Sanakht) is the Horus name of an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the Third Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. His chronological position is highly uncertain (though he is more likely to have reigned towards the end of the dynasty), and it is also unclear under which Hellenized name the ancient historian Manetho could have listed him. Many Egyptologists connect Sanakht with the Ramesside cartouche name Nebka. However, this remains disputed because no further royal title of that king has ever been found; either in contemporary source or later ones. There are two relief fragments depicting Sanakht originally from the Wadi Maghareh on the Sinai Peninsula.
John Drew Barrymore
John Drew Barrymore (born John Blyth Barrymore Jr.; June 4, 1932 – November 29, 2004) was an American film actor and member of the Barrymore family of actors, which included his father, John Barrymore, and his father's siblings, Lionel and Ethel. He was the father of four children, including the actor John Blyth Barrymore III and the actress Drew Barrymore. Diana Barrymore was his half-sister from his father's second marriage.

Ethel Barrymore
Ethel Barrymore (born Ethel Mae Blyth; August 15, 1879 – June 18, 1959) was an American actress and a member of the Barrymore family of actors. Barrymore was a stage, screen and radio actress whose career spanned six decades, and was regarded as "The First Lady of the American Theatre". She received four nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, winning for None but the Lonely Heart (1944).
David Pines
David Pines (June 8, 1924 – May 3, 2018) was a US physicist recognized for his work in quantum many-body systems in condensed matter and nuclear physics. With his advisor David Bohm, he contributed to the understanding of electron interactions in metals. Bohm and Pines introduced the plasmon, the quantum of electron density oscillations in metals. They pioneered the use of the random phase approximation. His work with John Bardeen, the Bardeen–Pines interaction between electrons and phonons led to the development of the BCS theory of superconductivity. Pines extended BCS theory to nuclear physics to explain stability of isotopes with even and odd numbers of nucleons. He also used the theory of superfluidity to explain the glitches in neutron stars.

Pines was a promoter of the concept of emergence in physics.

Eugene Feenberg Memorial Medal
The Eugene Feenberg Memorial Medal (also Feenberg Award) is a prize for quantum many-body theory named for American physicist Eugene Feenberg. It has been awarded at the International Conference on recent progress in many-body theory since 1985 by an international advisory committee to the conference.
Uinta chipmunk
The Uinta chipmunk or hidden forest chipmunk (Neotamias umbrinus), is a species of chipmunk in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the United States. Formerly known as Tamias umbrinus, phylogenetic studies have shown it to be sufficiently distinct from the eastern chipmunk as to be placed in a separate genus, Neotamias. The same studies have also suggested that Palmer's chipmunk may actually be a subspecies of Uinta chipmunk, although the two are still generally regarded as separate species.

Neotamias
Neotamias is a genus of chipmunks within the tribe Marmotini of the squirrel family. It contains 23 species, which mostly occur in western North America. Along with Eutamias, this genus is often considered a subgenus of Tamias.
Hipparchia of Maroneia
Hipparchia of Maroneia (/hɪˈpɑːrkiə/; Greek: Ἱππαρχία ἡ Μαρωνεῖτις; fl. c. 325 BC) was a Cynic philosopher, and wife of Crates of Thebes. She was the sister of Metrokles, the cynic philosopher.
She was born in Maroneia, but her family moved to Athens, where Hipparchia came into contact with Crates, the most famous Cynic philosopher in Greece at that time. She fell in love with him, and, despite the disapproval of her parents, she married him. She went on to live a life of Cynic poverty on the streets of Athens with her husband.

Little survives of her own philosophical views, but like most Cynics, her influence lies in the example of her life, choosing a way of life which was usually considered unacceptable for respectable women of the time. The story of her attraction to Crates, and her rejection of conventional values, became a popular theme for later writers.

Zeno of Citium
Zeno of Citium (/ˈziːnoʊ/; Koine Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitieus; c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Hellenistic philosopher   from Citium (Κίτιον, Kition), Cyprus. 
He was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens from about 300 BC.

Based on the moral ideas of the Cynics, Stoicism laid great emphasis on goodness and peace of mind gained from living a life of virtue in accordance with nature. It proved very popular, and flourished as one of the major schools of philosophy from the Hellenistic period through to the Roman era, and enjoyed revivals in the Renaissance as Neostoicism and in the current era as Modern Stoicism.
Stinking Springs
Stinking Springs was a ranch and an overnight way station for cattle drivers and shepherds located near the present site of Taiban, New Mexico. On 23 December 1880 sheriff Pat Garrett and his posse found Billy the Kid and the Regulators in a stone hut, where it began a shoot-out which killed Charlie Bowdre and captured Billy, Dave Rudabaugh, Tom Pickett and Billy Wilson. Only the foundation remains nowadays.

The musical production The Lighter Side of Stinking Springs centers around the stonehouse. The song is simple and includes the reprisal of The Ballad of Stinking Springs.

Pat Garrett
Patrick Floyd Jarvis Garrett (June 5, 1850 – February 29, 1908) was an American Old West lawman, bartender, and customs agent known for killing Billy the Kid. He was the sheriff of Lincoln County, New Mexico, as well as Doña Ana County, New Mexico. Stories about him, especially his involvement with Billy the Kid, are part of the legends of the American Old West.
Bengal tiger
The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies. It ranks among the largest of wild cats. It is distributed from India, southern Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan to Southwestern China. Its historical range extended to the Indus Basin until the early 19th century, and it is thought to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistocene about 12,000 to 16,500 years ago. It is threatened by poaching, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation.

As of 2022, the Bengal tiger population was estimated at 3,167–3,682 individuals in India, 316–355 individuals in Nepal, 131 individuals in Bhutan and around 125 individuals in Bangladesh. It is the national animal of India and Bangladesh.

Jim Corbett National Park
Jim Corbett National Park is a national park in the Nainital district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It was established in 1936 as the country's first national park and is named in honour of Jim Corbett, who had played a leading role in its establishment. It was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative and encompasses an area of 520.8 km2 (201.1 sq mi) consisting of hills, riverine belts, marshy depressions, grasslands and a large lake at an elevation range of 400–1,220 m (1,300–4,000 ft). It receives rainfall from July to September. Almost 73% of the national park is covered by dense moist deciduous forest dominated by Shorea robusta, peepal, rohini and mango trees among 110 tree species and 617 different plant species. Grasslands cover about 10% of its total area. It harbours 50 mammal species, 580 bird species and 25 reptile species. The increase in tourist activities continues to present a serious challenge to the park's ecological balance.
Princess Amelia (1799 packet)
Princess Amelia was launched in 1799 and became a packet for the British Post Office Packet Service, sailing from Falmouth, Cornwall. She sailed to North America, the West Indies, Mediterranean, and Brazil. In 1800 a French privateer captured her, but she returned to the packet service later the same year. Joshua Barney, in the American privateer Rossie, captured her on 16 September 1812, at the start of the War of 1812. The United States Navy took her into service as HMS Georgia, but then renamed her USS Troup. She served as a guardship at Savannah; the Navy sold her in 1815.

Post Office Packet Service
The Post Office Packet Service dates to Tudor times and ran until 1823, when the Admiralty assumed control of the service. Originally, the Post Office used packet ships to carry mail packets to and from British embassies, colonies and outposts. The vessels generally also carried bullion, private goods and passengers. The ships were usually lightly armed and relied on speed for their security. However, Britain was at war almost continuously during the 18th and early 19th centuries with the result that packet ships did get involved in naval engagements with enemy warships and privateers, and were occasionally captured.