hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middle East International
Middle East International was a bimonthly magazine published in London from 1971 until 2005, reaching a total of 761 issues. It was established by Christopher Mayhew and a group of senior British politicians and diplomats. The original publisher was Claud Morris, a newspaper magnate, who withdrew after a boycott by advertisers and an arson attack on his printing works. Mayhew was to remain the director until his death in 1997. It has been described as having been "one of the best-informed journals of current Middle East affairs".

Its aim was to "provide intelligent, authoritative, and independent news and analysis on the Middle East".

Harold Beeley
Sir Harold Beeley KCMG CBE (15 February 1909 – 27 July 2001) was a British diplomat, historian, and Arabist. After beginning his career as a historian and lecturer, following World War II, Beeley joined the British diplomatic service and served in posts and ambassadorships related to the Middle East. He returned to teaching after retiring as a diplomat and stayed active in many organisations related to the Middle East.
Clerk of the New York Court of Appeals
The Clerk of the New York Court of Appeals was one of the statewide elected officials in New York from 1847 to 1870. He was also ex officio a clerk of the New York Supreme Court. The office was created by the New York State Constitution of 1846. The first Clerk was elected at the 1847 New York special judicial election, and took office on July 5, 1847, when the Court of Appeals succeeded the Court for the Correction of Errors and the Court of Chancery.

Constitution of New York
The Constitution of the State of New York establishes the structure of the government of the State of New York, and enumerates the basic rights of the citizens of New York. Like most state constitutions in the United States, New York's constitution's provisions tend to be more detailed and amended more often than its federal counterpart. Because the history of the state constitution differs from the federal constitution, the New York Court of Appeals has seen fit to interpret analogous provisions differently from United States Supreme Court's interpretation of federal provisions.
2025 MLS Cup playoffs
The 2025 MLS Cup playoffs (branded as the Audi MLS Cup Playoffs for sponsorship reasons) was the post-season championship of Major League Soccer (MLS), the top soccer league in the United States and Canada. It was the 30th edition of the MLS Cup playoffs, following the conclusion of the 2025 season. The playoffs began on October 22 and concluded with MLS Cup 2025 on December 6.

Both of the previous year's MLS Cup finalists, champions LA Galaxy and runners-up New York Red Bulls, failed to qualify, the latter for the first time since 2009. San Diego FC qualified for the playoffs as Western Conference champions in their inaugural MLS season, but were eliminated in the conference finals by Vancouver Whitecaps FC. The Philadelphia Union entered as Supporters' Shield and Eastern Conference champions, but were eliminated in the conference semifinals by New York City FC.

Inter Miami CF won their first MLS Cup title after defeating the Vancouver Whitecaps FC 3–1.

MLS Cup playoffs
The MLS Cup playoffs is the annual postseason elimination tournament of Major League Soccer. The MLS Cup, the league's championship game, is the final match of the tournament. Under the current format adopted for the 2023 season, 18 teams qualify for the tournament based on regular-season point totals — the nine highest-placed teams from each the Eastern Conference and the Western Conference. Audi is the title sponsor of this tournament.

Awarding a championship through a postseason tournament is standard in most U.S.-based leagues. However, it differs from most other soccer leagues around the world, where the team with the most points at the end of the season is deemed champion. MLS awards the regular-season champions with the Supporters' Shield and both champions earn a berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup, the continental tournament.
Fragasso Lake
The Lac Fragasso is a freshwater body at the head of a branch leading to the Rocheuse River via Walsh Lake and lac des Alliés, flowing in Jacques-Cartier National Park. This lake is located entirely in the unorganized territory of Lac-Jacques-Cartier, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

The watershed of lake Fragasso is mainly served on the east side by the route 175 which connects the cities of Quebec and Saguenay. A secondary road serves the northern part of the lake for the needs of forestry and recreational tourism; while forest road 12 passes south in the area between Lake Fragasso and Lake Walsh.

The main economic activity in the sector is forestry, followed by recreational tourism.

The surface of Lake Fragasso is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March.

Rivière du Malin
The rivière du Malin (English: Malin river) is a tributary of the Jacques-Cartier River, located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Jacques-Cartier, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, Canada. The course of the river passes in particular in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

Forestry is the main economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of the Malin River (except the rapids areas) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, but the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from the end of December to the beginning of March.
Bill Baumann
William Francis Baumann (born 12 October 1942) is a former Australian politician. He was the National Party member for Albert in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1995 to 2001.

Born in Southport, Baumann was chairman of Coachtrans Australia, the largest coach company on the Gold Coast with a fleet of 150 vehicles at the time of its sale to Sita Buslines.

In 1995 Baumann defeated John Szczerbanik to win the seat of Albert for the National Party. Following Labor's formation of government 1998, he became Opposition Whip. He did not recontest Albert at the 2001 election choosing instead to contest the new seat of Gaven but was defeated by Labor candidate Robert Poole.

John Szczerbanik
John Szczerbanik (born 20 March 1957) is a former Australian politician.

He was born in Liverpool, Sydney, and worked as a registered nurse before entering politics. He was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 1989 as the Labor member for Albert, and he served as a backbencher until his defeat by National Party candidate Bill Baumann in 1995.
Lactobacillus gasseri
Lactobacillus gasseri is a species in the genus Lactobacillus identified in 1980 by François Gasser and his associates.

L. gasseri is a  normal inhabitant of the intestines of men and women and lower reproductive tract in healthy women. It is one of the four main species of Lactobacillus considered to be the major part of the vaginal microbiota, along with Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus iners.

Lactobacillus gasseri produces gassericin A, a bacteriocin. It also produces Lactocillin.

Its 1.89 Mbp genome was sequenced in 2008.

Its strain Lg-36 eliminates C. difficile infection after taking antibiotics.

Lactobacillus crispatus
Lactobacillus crispatus is an aerotolerant, gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore forming, rod shaped, lactic acid producing bacteria. It is host adapted and commonly found in the vagina and in the vertebrate gastrointestinal tract and is thought to be beneficial to health.

Some strains are commercially available as a probiotic that can be used by women to maintain a healthy vaginal microbiota. Another strain, CTV-05 is being evaluated specifically for the prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis, which is characterized by overgrowth of other bacteria, potentially as a result of the absence of Lactobacillus flora that can serve to protect the host from infection.
Central Committee of the Communist Party of South Korea
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Korea (CPK) (조선공산당 중앙위원회) was elected by the party congress on 14 September 1945, and remained in session until the formation the Workers' Party of South Korea and its Central Committee on 24 November 1946. In between party congresses the Central Committee was the highest decision-making institution in the CPK. The Central Committee was not a permanent institution and delegated day-to-day work to elected bodies, such as the Politburo, Secretariat and the Organisational Bureau in the case of this Central Committee. It convened meetings, known as "Plenary Session of the [term] Central Committee", to discuss major policies. A plenary session could be attended by non-members. These meetings were known as "Enlarged Plenary Session".

When the North Korean Branch Bureau declared independence from the CPK under the name Communist Party of North Korea, the CPK changed its name as well, into the Communist Party of South Korea.

North Korean Branch Bureau
The North Korean Branch Bureau (NKBB) of the Communist Party of Korea (CPK; Korean: 조선공산당북조선분국) was established by a CPK conference on 13 October 1945. It changed its name to the Communist Party of North Korea (Korean: 북조선공산당) on 10 April 1946 and became independent of the CPK. It was through the merger with New People's Party of Korea replaced by the 1st Central Committee of the Workers' Party of North Korea on 30 August 1946.
GoLine
GoLine is the free public bus system of Indian River County, Florida. The system opened in 1992 as the Community Transportation Coordinator (CTC). Since then, GoLine has grown to serve 1.35 million passengers during the 2023-2024 fiscal year.

According to Business View magazine, there are currently 504 permanent stops across Indian River County. The main transit hub was constructed in 2017.
Since 1992, the Senior Resource Association has operated GoLine.

Vero Beach, Florida
Vero Beach is a city in and the county seat of Indian River County, Florida, United States. According to the 2020 census, the city had a population of 16,354. Nicknamed "The Hibiscus City", Vero is situated about 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Orlando along the Indian River Lagoon and the Atlantic Ocean on Florida's Treasure Coast. Because it is located about 65 miles (105 km) north of West Palm Beach at the northern end of the South Florida region, the city has adopted two similar mottos "The Gateway to the Tropics" and "Where the Tropics Begin".

Vero Beach was named the 7th Best Small Beach Town in Florida by Southern Living Magazine in 2023. The main roadways in the city are U.S. Route 1, Florida State Road A1A, and Florida State Road 60 (20th Street), which has its eastern terminus at Sexton Plaza in the city.
Green Cove Springs, Florida
Green Cove Springs is a city in and the county seat of Clay County, Florida, United States. Green Cove Springs is a part of the Jacksonville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 9,786 at the 2020 census, up from 6,908 at the 2010 census.

The city is named after a hydrological spring adjacent to the St. Johns River. The river course curves here, and the area is sheltered by trees that are perennially green.

Naval Air Station Lee Field
Naval Air Station Lee Field was a United States Navy air base that opened on September 11, 1940, in Green Cove Springs, Florida to support the World War II efforts. The Air Station was on the St. Johns River in Clay County, Florida. The Air Station and Navy base was on 1,560 acres. The US Navy and United States Marine Corps used the site to train pilots on four 5,000-foot (1,500 m) asphalt runways. The Grumman F6F Hellcat fighter plane was the most common plane use at the Navy Air Station. The Vought F4U Corsair was a common plane for the Marine Corps training. The base was named after Ensign Bejamin Lee, who was killed during World War I in a plane crash at Killinghome, England. Naval Air Station Lee Field was renamed Naval Air Station Green Cove Springs in August 1943. After the war, Naval Air Station Green Cove Springs was reorganized into a Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) of Naval Air Station Jacksonville. The Naval Auxiliary Air Station closed in June 1962.
Wymondham College
Wymondham College is a co-educational day and boarding school located in Morley, near Wymondham in Norfolk, England. As a former grammar school with academy status, it is one of 36 state boarding schools in England and the largest of its type in the country, with up to 650 boarding places, and its own Preparatory school. It is also an affiliate member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC).

Morley, Norfolk
Morley is a civil parish in the South Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. It includes the villages of Morley St Botolph and Morley St Peter. It covers an area of 8.21 km2 (3.17 sq mi) and had a population of 973 in 182 households at the 2001 census, increasing to a population of 1.241 in 191 households at the 2011 census.
Ungcheon-dong, Yeosu
Ungcheon-dong (Korean: 웅천동; Hanja: 熊川洞) is a dong (neighborhood) of Yeosu, South Jeolla Province, South Korea.

As of September 2022, the population in the area is 28,658 (14,352 male, 14,306 female), living in 10,166 households.

The area is where the mother of the famed Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin is from. The area is host to Yi Sun-sin Park, the park island Jangdo, and Ungcheon Beach Park. It also contains Yi Sun-sin Marina.

Ungcheon Beach Park
Ungcheon Beach Park (Korean: 웅천친수공원; Hanja: 熊川親水公園) is a beach and park in Ungcheon-dong, Yeosu, South Jeolla Province, South Korea. It is a beach next to Gamak Bay. The beach was first opened in March 2010, and has an area of 23,534 square meters (253,320 sq ft). The beach is 360 m (1,180 ft). Entrance to the park and use of the parking lot is free.

Efforts to create the park first began in October 2006. In March 2007, the design of the park was completed. Construction began in November 2007. The sand of the beach was finished being laid by December 2009. Extra facilities, such as a pine forest, walking trail, campsite, restrooms, showers, drinking fountains, an outdoor stage, and a 380-space parking lot were installed. It finished by March 2010. The park was renovated in 2018.

The campsite has space for 70 tents. There is also a grassy lawn of 5,400 m2 (58,000 sq ft).
Oxalis gigantea
Oxalis gigantea  is an Oxalis species found in Regions Antofagasta, Atacama and Coquimbo of Chile. It was first described in 1845. Oxalis gigantea is a shrub pollinated by hummingbirds.

It is also called churqui and churco in Spanish.

Oxalis
Oxalis (UK: /ɒksɑːlɪs/ ok-SAH-liss, US: /ˈɒksəlɪs/ OK-sə-liss) is a large genus of flowering plants in the wood-sorrel family, Oxalidaceae, comprising over 550 species. The genus occurs throughout most of the world, except for the polar areas; species diversity is particularly rich in tropical Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa.

Many of the species are known as wood-sorrels (also as wood sorrels or woodsorrels) as they have an acidic taste reminiscent of the sorrel proper (Rumex acetosa), which is not closely related. Some species are called yellow sorrels or pink sorrels after the colour of their flowers instead. Other species are colloquially known as false shamrocks, and some called sourgrasses. For the genus as a whole, the term oxalises is also used. Many plants in this genus contain oxalic acid; the acid being named after the genus Oxalis.
New Addington North (ward)
New Addington North is a ward in the London Borough of Croydon, covering part of the New Addington estate in London in the United Kingdom. The ward currently forms part of the Croydon East constituency.

The ward returns two councillors every four years. On 6 May 2021, 5 by-elections were held in Croydon following the resignation of 5 councillors across New Addington North, South Norwood, Kenley, Park Hill and Whitgift and Woodside.

Woodside (Croydon ward)
Woodside is an electoral ward in the London Borough of Croydon. The ward has existed since the creation of the borough on 1 April 1965 and was first used in the 1964 elections. It returns councillors to Croydon London Borough Council. The ward covers the Woodside area. On 6 May 2021, 5 by-elections were held in Croydon following the resignation of 5 councillors across New Addington North, South Norwood, Kenley, Park Hill and Whitgift and Woodside. Two current councillors were elected in the 2022 London local elections. A by-election, caused by the resignation of Mike Bonello, was held on 2 May 2024.
Alfred Brehm
Alfred Edmund Brehm (German pronunciation: [ˈalfʁeːt ˈʔɛtmʊnt ˈbʁeːm]; 2 February 1829 – 11 November 1884) was a German zoologist and writer. His multi-volume book Brehms Tierleben, which he co-authored with Eduard Pechuël-Loesche, Wilhelm Haacke, and Richard Schmidtlein, became a household word for popular zoological literature. He was the first director of the Zoological Garden of Hamburg.

Otto Finsch
Friedrich Hermann Otto Finsch (8 August 1839, Warmbrunn – 31 January 1917, Braunschweig) was a German ethnographer, naturalist and colonial explorer. He is known for a two-volume monograph on the parrots of the world which earned him a doctorate. He also wrote on the people of New Guinea and was involved in plans for German colonization in Southeast Asia. Several species of bird (such as Oenanthe finschii, Iole finschii, Psittacula finschii) are named after him as also the town of Finschhafen in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea and a crater on the Moon.
Bugesera District
Bugesera is a district (akarere) in Eastern Province, Rwanda. It is one of the 30 districts in Rwanda and its capital is Nyamata and is named after the old Kingdom of Bugesera.

The district is the location of two memorial sites of the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi at Ntarama and Nyamata.

Ntarama Genocide Memorial Centre
Ntarama Genocide Memorial Centre (Kinyarwanda: Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama, French: Mémorial du génocide à Ntarama) is one of six genocide museums in Rwanda. Five thousand people were killed here in the Catholic church.
51st Army (Russia)
The 51st Army (Russian: 51-я армия) was a field army of the Red Army that saw action against the Germans in World War II on both the southern and northern sectors of the front. The army participated in the Battle of the Kerch Peninsula between December 1941 and January 1942; it was destroyed in May 1942 with other Soviet forces when the Wehrmacht launched an operation to dislodge them from the peninsula. The army fought in the Battle of Stalingrad during the winter of 1942–43, helping to defeat German relief attempts. From late 1944 to the end of the war, the army fought in the final cutting-off of German forces in the Courland area next to the Baltic. Deactivated in 1945, the army was activated again in 1977 to secure Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the army continued in existence as a component of the Russian Ground Forces.  The army was active during two periods from 1941 until 1997.

34th Motor Rifle Division
The 34th Simferopol Red Banner Order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Division named after S. Ordzhonikidze (Military Unit Number 45463) was a unit of the Soviet Ground Forces and later the Russian Ground Forces. It was converted from the 126th Motor Rifle Division (First Formation) in 1965 and disbanded in 2009.
Hudson Institute
Hudson Institute is an American right-wing neoconservative think tank based in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1961 in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, by futurist Herman Kahn and his colleagues Max Singer and Oscar M. Ruebhausen at the RAND Corporation.

Kahn was a physicist and military consultant known for envisioning nuclear war scenarios. The institute's research branched out from the military into various areas including economics, health, education, and gambling. Kahn died in 1983, and the institute moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1984. The institute helped design Wisconsin's influential workfare program in the mid-1990s. Hudson relocated to Washington, D.C., in 2004. It has been noted for work with governments and industries, including defense and agribusiness.

Ralph Ellison
Ralph Waldo Ellison (March 1, 1913 – April 16, 1994) was an American writer, literary critic, and scholar best known for his novel Invisible Man, which won the National Book Award in 1953.

Ellison wrote Shadow and Act (1964), a collection of political, social, and critical essays, and Going to the Territory (1986). The New York Times dubbed him "among the gods of America's literary Parnassus".

A posthumous novel, Juneteenth, was published after being assembled from voluminous notes Ellison left upon his death.
Tsugaru Quasi-National Park
Tsugaru Quasi-National Park (津軽国定公園, Tsugaru Kokutei Kōen) is a quasi-national park in Aomori Prefecture in the far northern Tōhoku region of Honshū in Japan. It is rated a protected landscape (category V) according to the IUCN. The park includes a number of discontinuous areas on Tsugaru Peninsula, including the volcanic peaks of Mount Iwaki, a portion of the primeval Siebold's beech forests of Shirakami-Sanchi UNESCO World Heritage Site, Cape Tappi, other coastal areas of northern Tsugaru Peninsula, and the wetlands of Juniko and Jusanko lakes and marshes.

The area was designated a quasi-national park on 31 March 1975. It spans the borders of the municipalities of Hirosaki, Goshogawara, Tsugaru, Imabetsu, Sotogahama, Ajigasawa, Fukaura, and Nakadomari.

Like all quasi-national parks in Japan, the park is managed by the local prefectural government, in this case, that of Aomori Prefecture.

Tsugaru, Aomori
Tsugaru (つがる市, Tsugaru-shi) is a city located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2023, the city had an estimated population of 30,128 in 13487 households, and a population density of 120 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 253.55 square kilometres (97.90 sq mi). The city's name is atypical for a Japanese place, in that it is written in hiragana rather than kanji (see hiragana cities).
17th Rifle Corps
The 17th Rifle Corps was a corps of the Red Army and later the Soviet Army, formed three times.

It was first formed in 1922 in the Soviet Far East before relocating to Ukraine two years later. It fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland and was destroyed during Operation Barbarossa in mid-1941. The corps was reformed in late 1942 in the Far East and fought in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945 before being disbanded postwar later that year. It was formed for a third time in 1949 at Samarkand in the Turkestan Military District, becoming the 17th Army Corps in 1957. The 17th Army Corps relocated to Frunze in the Central Asian Military District in the late 1960s, serving there for the rest of the Cold War. After the Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it became the headquarters of the Ministry of Defense of Kyrgyzstan.

8th Guards Motor Rifle Division
The 8th Guards Motor Rifle Panfilov Division (Russian: 8-я гвардейская Панфиловская дивизия; Kyrgyz: 8-гвардиялык мотоаткычтар Панфилов дивизиясынын) originally the 316th Rifle Division, is a motorized infantry division of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic. Formed as a Soviet Red Army division during World War II, it was dissolved in 2003 but established anew in 2011. Its full title is 8th Guards Rezhitskaya Motorized Rifle Division Named after Hero of the Soviet Union Major General Ivan Vasilyevich Panfilov, awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner and Suvorov.