hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julie F. Barcelona
Julie F. Barcelona (born January 1, 1972)  is a Filipina botanist and taxonomist working as Research Associate at University of Canterbury (Christchurch, New Zealand). She is mostly known for her research on the Philippine members of the genus Rafflesia.

Barcelona worked on Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines, a website dedicated to the great Philippine botanist Leonard Co.

Barcelona is married to Pieter B. Pelser, with which she wrote most of her work. The pitcher plant species Nepenthes barcelonae was named after her.

Pieter B. Pelser
Pieter B. Pelser (born 12 January 1976) is a professor in Plant Systematics and the curator of the herbarium at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. One research interest is the evolutionary history of the tribe Senecioneae, one of the largest tribes in the largest family of flowering plants. He wrote the most recent attempt to define and delimit this tribe and its problematic founding species Senecio.
He also studies insects that eat these plants (Longitarsus) which contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids and what makes them choose which plants they eat.
Alberto Asor Rosa
Alberto Asor Rosa (23 September 1933 – 21 December 2022) was an Italian literary critic, historian, and politician. He was an Italian Communist Party (PCI) member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1979 to 1980. Rosa was among the contributors to the leftist magazine Quaderni piacentini in the mid-1960s. He coedited another magazine entitled Classe Operaia with Mario Tronti from its start in 1964 to 1966. Rosa was the last editor of Rinascita, PCI's theoretical journal. He died on 21 December 2022, at the age of 89.

Classe Operaia
Classe Operaia (Italian for "Working Class") was a Marxist monthly magazine which was published in Italy for three years between 1964 and 1967. Its subtitle was "political monthly of the workers in struggle."
West Cairn Hill
West Cairn Hill  is a hill in the Pentland Hills range of Scotland. With a height of 562 m (1,844 ft), it is the fifth highest elevation and lies on the western flank of the approximately 20 mi (32 km) long chain of hills.

The border between the council areas of the Scottish Borders and West Lothian runs over the knoll. The closest settlement is the hamlet of Carlops around six kilometers to the southeast. West Calder is nine kilometers to the northwest and Penicuik is eleven kilometers to the east. The Cauldstane Slap pass runs at the saddle point between West and East Cairn Hill. The surrounding hills include Colzium Hill and Torweaving Hill in the southwest, East Cairn Hill in the northeast, and Wether Law in the east.

Pentland Hills
The Pentland Hills are a range of hills southwest of Edinburgh, Scotland. The range is around 20 miles (30 kilometres) in length, covers an area of 35 square miles (91 km2), and runs southwest from Edinburgh towards Biggar and the upper Clydesdale. The hills have been designated as a Scottish regional park.
Shane Flanagan
Shane Flanagan (born 2 December 1965) is an Australian professional rugby league football coach and commentator, and is the head coach of the St George Illawarra Dragons in the National Rugby League. He was appointed assistant coach of the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in 2006 and was subsequently appointed to the top position when former coach Ricky Stuart resigned on 20 July 2010. Flanagan guided Cronulla to their first premiership in 2016. Flanagan was previously the Coaching Director of the PNG Kumuls. He is the father of Dragons player Kyle Flanagan.

Kyle Flanagan (rugby league)
Kyle Flanagan (born 15 September 1998) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a five-eighth and halfback for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the National Rugby League.

He previously played for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, Sydney Roosters and the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs in the NRL.
Hong Kong Emergency Alert System
The Hong Kong Emergency Alert System (Chinese: 緊急警示系統; EAS) is a cell broadcast emergency alert system for emergency warnings issued by the government of Hong Kong. The system was established in 2020 at a cost of HK$150 million and is managed by the Office of the Communications Authority. The Emergency Alert System uses cell broadcast technology to send instant electronic messages to mobile phones connected to the mobile network, rather than traditional text messages.

The system was used on March 9, 2022, to inform the public that a hospital would be receiving mainly COVID-19 patients. As of 2025, the system has not been used since.

Cell Broadcast
Cell Broadcast (CB) is a method of simultaneously sending short messages to multiple mobile telephone users in a defined area. It is defined by the ETSI's GSM committee and 3GPP and is part of the 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G standards. It is also known as Short Message Service-Cell Broadcast (SMS-CB or CB SMS).

Cell Broadcast is different from the regular Short Message Service (which is also called Short Message Service-Point to Point / SMS-PP to distinguish it). Cell Broadcast is a one-to-many geo-targeted and geo-fenced messaging service, which typically targets all handsets connected to a specific network cell. Cell Broadcast technology is widely used for public warning systems.
Tem (queen)
Tem was an ancient Egyptian queen consort of the 11th Dynasty, a wife of King Mentuhotep II and the mother of Mentuhotep III. She was buried in Tomb DBXI.15 in Deir el-Bahari, in her husband's mortuary complex.
She outlived her husband and was buried during her son's reign. It is likely that she was of commoner origin, as there is no evidence in her grave that points to a royal origin. She is only named on her sarcophagus and on an offering table. Her titles are "King's beloved wife" (ḥmt-nỉswt mrỉỉ.t=f), King's Mother" (mwt-nỉswt), Mother of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt (mwt-nỉswt-bỉt), and Great of Sceptre (wr.t-ḥt=s).

Her tomb was discovered in 1859, and was fully excavated in 1968 by Dieter Arnold.

Mentuhotep III
Sankhkare Mentuhotep III (also Montuhotep III; died c. 1997 BC) of the 11th Dynasty was King of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom. He was assigned a reign of 12 years in the Turin Canon. Mentuhotep's reign is known for his expedition to Punt and architectural innovations.
Płock Diadem
The Płock Diadem (Polish: Diadem płocki) is a reliquary crown held in the city of Płock, in central Poland. It was created in the beginning of the 13th century probably in Hungary and was brought to Poland in the Middle Ages. This filigree diadem is wrought of silver and gold, being set with sapphires, rubies, almandines and pearls.

Płock Cathedral
Płock Cathedral (Polish: Katedra Płocka), or the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Masovia, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the city of Płock, in central Poland. It is an example of 12th-century Romanesque architecture and is the oldest and most important historical monument in the city, which contains the tombs of several Polish monarchs. It is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.
General Service Unit (Kenya)
The General Service Unit (GSU) is the gendarmerie branch of the Kenya Police Service, consisting of highly trained police officers, transported by seven dedicated Cessnas and three Bell helicopters. Having been in existence since 1948, the GSU has fought in a number of conflicts in and around Kenya, including the 1963 – 1969 Shifta War and the 1982 Kenyan coup.

Kenya Police
The Kenya Police Service is the national police force and law enforcement agency of the Republic of Kenya. It is subordinate to the National Police Service which is headed by an Inspector General of Police who exercises independent command over the Service. Kenya Police is headed by Deputy Inspector General. Kenya Police is divided into Service Headquarters in Nairobi, Formations, General Duty Commands and Training Institutions.

The Administration Police is commanded through a hierarchy separate from that of the Kenya Police. For other state security bodies see Law enforcement in Kenya. Recruitment to the police service is done on yearly basis.
1997 Super League (Australia) season
The 1997 Super League season (also known as the Telstra Cup due to sponsorship by Telstra) was a breakaway professional rugby league football competition in Australia and the only one to be run by the News Limited-controlled Super League organisation. Eight teams which had broken away from the existing Australian Rugby League, in addition to the newly created Adelaide Rams and Hunter Mariners, competed over eighteen weekly rounds of the regular season. The top five teams then played a series of knock-out finals which culminated in a September grand final played in Brisbane between Brisbane and Cronulla.

1997 Brisbane Broncos season
The 1997 Brisbane Broncos season was the tenth in the history of the Brisbane Broncos club. This season was unique in that they participated in the Australian Super League's 1997 Telstra Cup premiership and 1997 World Club Championship, winning both competitions.
Vein (geology)
In geology, a vein is a distinct sheetlike body of crystallized minerals within a rock. Veins form when mineral constituents carried by an aqueous solution within the rock mass are deposited through precipitation. The hydraulic flow involved is usually due to hydrothermal circulation.

Veins are classically thought of as being planar fractures in rocks, with the crystal growth occurring normal to the walls of the cavity, and the crystal protruding into open space. This certainly is the method for the formation of some veins. However, it is rare in geology for significant open space to remain open in large volumes of rock, especially several kilometers below the surface. Thus, there are two main mechanisms considered likely for the formation of veins: open-space filling and crack-seal growth.

Fracture (geology)
A fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides the rock into two or more pieces.  A fracture will sometimes form a deep fissure or crevice in the rock.  Fractures are commonly caused by stress exceeding the rock strength, causing the rock to lose cohesion along its weakest plane. Fractures can provide permeability for fluid movement, such as water or hydrocarbons. Highly fractured rocks can make good aquifers or hydrocarbon reservoirs, since they may possess both significant permeability and fracture porosity.
William Clito
William Clito (25 October 1102 – 28 July 1128) was a member of the House of Normandy who ruled the County of Flanders from 1127 until his death and unsuccessfully claimed the Duchy of Normandy. As the son of Robert Curthose, the eldest son of William the Conqueror, William Clito was seen as a candidate to succeed his uncle King Henry I of England. Henry viewed him as a rival, however, and William allied himself with King Louis VI of France. Louis installed him as the new count of Flanders upon the assassination of Charles the Good, but the Flemings soon revolted and William died in the struggle against another claimant to Flanders, Thierry of Alsace.

Fulk, King of Jerusalem
Fulk of Anjou (Latin: Fulco, French: Foulque or Foulques; c. 1089/1092 – 13 November 1143), also known as Fulk the Younger, was the king of Jerusalem from 1131 until 1143 as the husband and co-ruler of Queen Melisende. Previously, he was the count of Anjou as Fulk V from 1109 to 1129. He had also been the count of Maine from 1110 to 1126 alongside his first wife, Countess Erembourg. His direct descendants were the rulers of the Angevin Empire and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Olivier Krumbholz
Olivier Krumbholz (born 12 September 1958) is a French handball coach of German descent who was the head coach for the French women's national team in two periods from 1998-2013 and again from 2016-2024. He is considered one of the most successful national team coaches of all time and the best French women's coach of all time.

He was made Chevalier (knight) of the Ordre national du Mérite in 2020.

In both 2010 and 2018, he was named the best women's handball coach in the world by the International Handball Federation.

Metz Handball
Metz Handball is a French handball club from Metz, France. Founded in 1965 under the name ASPTT Metz, the club has an exceptional track record with some 40 titles won, which is the all-time record for a French women's team sport. Chaired by Thierry Weizman since 2005, the club is becoming increasingly professional and now aims to play a leading role in Europe.

The men's team also played in 1st League between 1971 and 1983, and nowadays plays in Nationale 1 (3rd division) since 2020.
John Lineker
John Lineker (born June 12, 1990) is a Brazilian Muay Thai kickboxer and mixed martial artist currently signed to ONE Championship, where he is the former ONE Bantamweight MMA World Champion. Lineker formerly competed in the bantamweight and flyweight divisions of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor since 2008, he is the former Jungle Fight bantamweight champion. Lineker is known for his aggressive fighting style, punching power, and durability.

Francisco Rivera (fighter)
Francisco Rivera Jr. (born October 8, 1981) is an American former mixed martial artist who last competed in XMMA. A professional since 2008, he has also competed for the UFC, WEC and Tachi Palace Fights. Rivera is known for his heavy hands and wild fighting style.
Trimerorhachis
Trimerorhachis is an extinct genus of dvinosaurian temnospondyl within the family Trimerorhachidae. It is known from the Early Permian of the southwestern United States, with most fossil specimens having been found in the Texas Red Beds.  The type species of Trimerorhachis, T. insignis, was named by American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope in 1878. Cope named a second species from Texas, T. mesops, in 1896. The species T. rogersi (named in 1955) and T. greggi (named in 2013) are also from Texas, and the species T. sandovalensis (named in 1980) is from New Mexico.

Red Beds of Texas and Oklahoma
The Red Beds of Texas and Oklahoma are a group of Early Permian-age geologic strata in the southwestern United States cropping out in north-central Texas and south-central Oklahoma. They comprise several stratigraphic groups, including the Clear Fork Group, the Wichita Group, and the Pease River Group. The Red Beds were first explored by American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope starting in 1877. Fossil remains of many Permian tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) have been found in the Red Beds, including those of Dimetrodon, Edaphosaurus, Seymouria, Platyhystrix, and Eryops. A recurring feature in many of these animals is the sail structure on their backs.
Ylide
An ylide (/ˈɪlaɪd/) or ylid (/ˈɪlɪd/) is a neutral dipolar molecule containing a formally negatively charged atom (usually a carbanion) directly attached to a heteroatom with a formal positive charge (usually nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur), and in which both atoms have full octets of electrons. The result can be viewed as a structure in which two adjacent atoms are connected by both a covalent and an ionic bond; normally written X+–Y−. Ylides are thus 1,2-dipolar compounds, and a subclass of zwitterions. They appear in organic chemistry as reagents or reactive intermediates.

The class name "ylide" for the compound should not be confused with the suffix "-ylide".

Wittig reaction
The Wittig reaction or Wittig olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with a triphenyl phosphonium ylide called a Wittig reagent.   Wittig reactions are most commonly used to convert aldehydes and ketones to alkenes. Most often, the Wittig reaction is used to introduce a methylene group using methylenetriphenylphosphorane (Ph3P=CH2). Using this reagent, even a sterically hindered ketone such as camphor can be converted to its methylene derivative.
Isotta Fraschini Tipo FE & FENC
The Isotta Fraschini Tipo FE was an early Italian race car produced by Isotta Fraschini from 1908 to 1910. The Isotta Fraschini Tipo FENC is the road version and is considered one of the earliest examples of a sports car.

Isotta Fraschini
Isotta Fraschini (Italian pronunciation: [iˈzɔtta fraˈskiːni]) is an Italian luxury car manufacturer, also producing trucks, as well as engines for marine and aviation use. Founded in Milan, Italy, in 1900 by Cesare Isotta and the brothers Vincenzo, Antonio, and Oreste Fraschini, in 1955 it was merged with engine manufacturer Breda Motori and renamed F.A. Isotta Fraschini e Motori Breda.
MFK Award for Favourite Male Debut
Maharashtracha Favourite Kon? Award for Favourite Male Debut is given by Zee Talkies as part of its annual Maharashtracha Favourite Kon? ceremony for Marathi films.

Although the MFK Awards started in 2009, awards for the best debut actor category started in 2015. From inception of the category through 2016, both the female and male debut used to compete for a single award, after which separate categories were created for female and male debut respectively.

Maharashtracha Favourite Kon?
The Maharashtracha Favourite Kon? Awards are presented by the Marathi television channel Zee Talkies to honour excellence in Marathi cinema. It has been given annually since 2009, with the latest—the 14th edition—of the award-giving ceremony having been held in 2024. The awards are decided by a jury, consisting of noted film-makers, critics and technicians, while winners in a separate category named "Favourite awards" are chosen by public voting.
Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry
Charles Ferdinand d'Artois, Duke of Berry (24 January 1778 – 14 February 1820), was the third child and younger son of Charles, Count of Artois (later King Charles X of France), and Maria Theresa of Savoy. In 1820 he was assassinated at the Paris Opera by Louis Pierre Louvel, a Bonapartist. In June 1832, two years after the overthrow of Charles X, an unsuccessful royalist insurrection in the Vendée was led by Charles Ferdinand's widow, Marie-Caroline, in an attempt to restore their son Henri, Comte de Chambord, to the French throne.

Maria Theresa of Savoy
Maria Theresa of Savoy (French: Marie Thérèse de Savoie; 31 January 1756 – 2 June 1805) was a French princess by marriage to Charles Philippe, Count of Artois. Her husband was the grandson of Louis XV and younger brother of Louis XVI. 19 years after Maria Theresa’s death, he assumed the throne of France as King Charles X. Her son Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, married Marie Antoinette's daughter Marie-Thérèse Charlotte.
Bay School District
Bay School District is a public school district based in Craighead County, Arkansas, United States, with its headquarters in Bay. According to the official website, the Bay School District, located in northeastern Arkansas, was established in 1897. The district has an area of over 65 square miles, bordering Brookland, Riverside, Nettleton, and Valley View School Districts in Craighead County, and Trumann School District in Poinsett County. The Bay School District has one elementary school (K–6) and one high school (7–12), and the district has been NCA accredited since 1990.

In addition to Bay, the district includes portions of the city limits of Jonesboro.

Jonesboro, Arkansas
Jonesboro (/ˈdʒoʊnzbʌrə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Located on Crowley's Ridge in the northeastern part of the state, it is one of two county seats of Craighead County. The population was 78,579 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 84,155 in 2026, making it the fifth-most populous city in Arkansas. In 2024, the Jonesboro metropolitan area had a population of 138,152, and the greater Jonesboro-Paragould combined statistical area had a population of 184,749. Jonesboro is the home of Arkansas State University and is the cultural and economic center of Northeast Arkansas.
Waverly Bridge (Missouri)
The Waverly Bridge is a bridge at Waverly, Missouri, carrying US 24/US 65 over the Missouri River between Carroll County and Lafayette County in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The previous bridge on this site was built in 1922. Its main span was 419.2 feet (127.8 m) and total length was 1,942.4 feet (592.0 m). Its deck width was 20 feet (6.1 m) and it had a vertical clearance of 18.1 feet (5.5 m).

The current bridge opened on August 25, 2004, and the previous bridge was demolished in 2005.

U.S. Route 65 in Missouri
U.S. Route 65 (US 65) is a north–south U.S. highway that runs from Clayton, Louisiana to Albert Lea, Minnesota. In Missouri, the highway enters the state from Arkansas, just south of Branson. The highway exits the state into Iowa near South Lineville.
Styphnolobium
Styphnolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae. It includes nine species of small trees and shrubs native to China and to the Americas, from the southern United States to Colombia. It belongs to subfamily Faboideae, and was formerly included within a broader interpretation of the genus Sophora. It was recently assigned to the unranked, monophyletic Cladrastis clade. They differ from the genus Calia (mescalbeans) in having deciduous leaves and flowers in axillary, not terminal, racemes. The leaves are pinnate, with 9–21 leaflets, and the flowers in pendulous racemes similar to those of the black locust. Necklacepod is a common name for plants in this genus.

Sophora
Sophora is a genus of about 45 species of small trees and shrubs in the pea family Fabaceae. The species have a pantropical distribution. The generic name is derived from sophera, an Arabic name for a pea-flowered tree.

The genus formerly had a broader interpretation including many other species now treated in other genera, notably Styphnolobium (pagoda tree genus), which differs in lacking nitrogen fixing bacteria (rhizobia) on the roots, and Dermatophyllum (the mescalbeans). Styphnolobium has galactomannans as seed polysaccharide reserve, in contrast Sophora contains arabinogalactans, and Dermatophyllum amylose.

The New Zealand Sophora species are known as kōwhai.

The seeds of species such as Sophora affinis and Sophora chrysophylla are reported to be poisonous.
Gloomhaven
Gloomhaven is a cooperative board game for one to four players designed by Isaac Childres and published by Cephalofair Games in 2017. It is a campaign-based dungeon crawl game including a narrative campaign, 95 unique playable scenarios, and 17 playable classes. Since its introduction the game has been acclaimed by reviewers, and has been described as one of the best board games ever made.

Cooperative board game
Cooperative board games are board games in which players work together to achieve a common goal rather than competing against each other. Either the players win the game by reaching a predetermined objective, or all players lose the game, often by not reaching the objective before a certain event ends the game.
Robinson Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania
Robinson Township is a township in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,707 at the 2020 census. It was formerly an area of interest concerning coal mining. A portion of the Montour Trail passes through Robinson Township.

Washington County, Pennsylvania
Washington County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 209,349. Its county seat is Washington. The county is home to Washington County Airport, three miles (4.8 km) southwest of Washington. The county is part of the Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth. Southpointe is the regions largest business park with over 800 acres of office buildings, manufacturing, hotels, restaurants and a championship golf course. The park is home to corporations Ansys, Viatris, Range Resources, Lighthouse Electric, EQT, Core Natural Resources and Centimark. The current county commissioners are Nick Sherman, Electra Janis and Lawrence Maggi.