hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patapan
"Patapan" (or "Pat-a-pan") is a French Christmas carol in Burgundian dialect, later adapted into English. It was written by Bernard de la Monnoye (1641–1728) and first published in Noël bourguignons in 1720. Its original title is "Guillô, pran ton tamborin" ("Willie, Bring Your Little Drum" or "Willie, Take Your Little Drum").

The carol revolves around the birth of Jesus, and is told from the perspective of shepherds playing simple instruments—flutes and drums—the onomatopoeic sound of which gives the song its name; "patapan" mimics the sound of the drum, "tu-re-lu-re-lu" the flute. It inspired the 1941 carol "The Little Drummer Boy" with its chorus of "pa-rum-pa-pum-pum".

The Little Drummer Boy
"The Little Drummer Boy" (originally known as "Carol of the Drum") is a popular Christmas song written by American composer Katherine Kennicott Davis in 1941. First recorded in 1951 by the Austrian Trapp Family, the song was further popularized by a 1958 recording by the Harry Simeone Chorale. The Simeone version was re-released successfully for several years, and the song has been recorded many times since.

In the lyrics, the singer relates how, as a poor young boy, he was summoned by the Magi to the Nativity of Jesus. Without a gift for the infant, the little drummer boy played his drum with approval from Jesus's mother, Mary, recalling, "I played my best for him" and "He smiled at me". The story of a drummer at the manger is not from the Bible.
Kilokaiser
The Kaiser (K) is a unit of energy. A common form is kiloKaiser (kK), for which 1 kK = 1000 cm−1, where cm−1 is the unit of wavenumber or inverse wavelength. This unit is most commonly used with respect to energy transitions between electronic states in inorganic complexes.

Kilokaiser is a common but incorrect spelling of the unit kiloKayser. The unit is named after Heinrich Gustav Johannes Kayser (16 March 1853 – 14 October 1940), a German physicist.

Units of energy
Energy is defined via work, so the SI unit of energy is the same as the unit of work – the joule (J), named in honour of James Prescott Joule and his experiments on the mechanical equivalent of heat. In slightly more fundamental terms, 1 joule is equal to 1 newton metre and, in terms of SI base units

An energy unit that is used in atomic physics, particle physics, and high energy physics is the electronvolt (eV). One eV is equivalent to 1.602176634×10−19 J.

In spectroscopy, the unit cm−1 ≈ 0.0001239842 eV is used to represent energy since energy is inversely proportional to wavelength from the equation .

In discussions of energy production and consumption, the units barrel of oil equivalent and ton of oil equivalent are often used.
Caldwell County, North Carolina
Caldwell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,652. Its county seat is Lenoir. Caldwell County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Avery County, North Carolina
Avery County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,806. The county seat is Newland. The county seat was initially established in Elk Park when the county was first formed, but was moved to Newland upon completion of the courthouse in 1912. Founded in 1911, it is the youngest of North Carolina's 100 counties.
Mikael Imru
Lij Mikael Imru (Amharic: ሚካኤል እምሩ; 21 November 1929 – 26 October 2008) was an Ethiopian politician who was Prime Minister of Ethiopia from 3 August to 12 September 1974. He served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1961.

Prime Minister of Ethiopia
The prime minister of Ethiopia is the head of government and chief executive of Ethiopia. Ethiopia is a parliamentary republic with a prime minister as head of the government and the commander-in-chief of the Ethiopian Armed Forces. The prime minister is the most powerful political figure in Ethiopian politics. The official residence of the prime minister is the Menelik Palace in Addis Ababa. The prime minister is elected from the members of the House of Peoples' Representatives and presents a government platform. The prime minister must receive a vote of confidence in the House of Peoples' Representatives to exercise executive power as chief executive. Abiy Ahmed is the third prime minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, serving since April 2018.
Central Bank of Manchou
The Central Bank of Manchou (Chinese: 滿洲中央銀行; pinyin: Mǎnzhōu Zhōngyāng Yínháng; Wade–Giles: Man3-chou1 Chung1-yang1 Yin2-hang2; Japanese Hepburn: Manshū Chūō Ginkō), was the central bank of the Japan-sponsored state of Manchukuo, created in 1932.

It was thus one of the "puppet" banks of issue established by the Japanese occupation forces, together with the Mengjiang Bank (1937-1945), United Reserve Bank (1938-1945), Huaxing Commercial Bank (1938-1941) and Central Reserve Bank (1941-1945): 6

Mengjiang Bank
The Mengjiang Bank, also Meng Chiang Bank or Bank of Inner Mongolia (Chinese: 蒙疆銀行), was a central bank of the Japan-supported government of Mengjiang that governed Inner Mongolia during early years of the Second Sino-Japanese War, from late 1937 to early 1941.

It was thus one of the "puppet" banks of issue established by the Japanese occupation forces, together with the Central Bank of Manchou (1932-1945), United Reserve Bank (1938-1945), Huaxing Commercial Bank (1938-1941) and Central Reserve Bank (1941-1945).: 6
Manitoba Provincial Road 415
Provincial Road 415 (PR 415) is a 60.3-kilometre-long (37.5 mi) east-west highway in the Interlake Region of Manitoba. Serving as one of the primary east–west routes across the Shoal Lakes, it connects the towns of St. Laurent and Teulon via Harperville and Erinview.

Manitoba Highway 6
Provincial Trunk Highway 6 (PTH 6) is a provincial primary highway located in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It runs from the Perimeter Highway of Winnipeg to the Thompson south city limits. It is also the main highway connecting Winnipeg to northern Manitoba. The speed limit is 100 km/h. The route is also used to deliver nickel from the Thompson mine to the Royal Canadian Mint in Winnipeg. The section of highway between its southern terminus near Winnipeg and the second junction with PTH 68 near Eriksdale is part of the Northern Woods and Water Route. The portion of the highway between Ponton and Thompson was known as Highway 391 prior to 1986.

There have been talks of extending PTH 6 further north from Thompson to Churchill and the Nunavut border. If plans to make a highway in Nunavut connecting from Churchill, and Arviat, Nunavut to Chesterfield Inlet, Nunavut go through, then the first ever major road connection to Nunavut will be made.
John Robinson (bishop of Woolwich)
John Arthur Thomas Robinson (16 May 1919 – 5 December 1983) was an English New Testament scholar, author and the Anglican Bishop of Woolwich. He was a lecturer at Trinity College, Cambridge, and later Dean of Chapel at Trinity College, "a relatively minor position, usually filled by a recent theological graduate", until his death in 1983 from cancer. Robinson was considered a major force in New Testament studies and in shaping liberal Christian theology. Along with the Harvard theologian Harvey Cox, he spearheaded the field of secular theology and, like William Barclay, was a believer in universal salvation.

R v Penguin Books Ltd
R v Penguin Books Ltd (also known as The Lady Chatterley Trial) was the public prosecution in the United Kingdom of Penguin Books under the Obscene Publications Act 1959 for the publication of D. H. Lawrence's 1928 novel Lady Chatterley's Lover. The trial took place over six days, in No 1 court of the Old Bailey, between 20 October and 2 November 1960, with Mervyn Griffith-Jones prosecuting, Gerald Gardiner counsel for the defence and Laurence Byrne presiding. The trial was a test case of the defence of public good provision under section 4 of the Act which was defined as a work "in the interests of science, literature, art or learning, or of other objects of general concern".

The jury found for the defendant in a result that ushered in the liberalisation of publishing and that some saw as the beginning of the permissive society in Britain.
Brunswick Lion
The Brunswick Lion (German: Braunschweiger Löwe) is a medieval sculpture, created in bronze between 1164 and 1176, and the best-known landmark in the German city of Brunswick. The Brunswick Lion was originally located on the Burgplatz square in front of the Brunswick Cathedral. The monument was moved to Dankwarderode Castle in 1980, and later replaced at the original location by a replica. Within Brunswick, it is commonly known as the "Castle Lion" (Burglöwe).

Dankwarderode Castle
Dankwarderode Castle (German: Burg Dankwarderode) on the Burgplatz ("castle square") in Braunschweig (Brunswick) is a Saxon lowland castle. It was the residence of the Brunswick dukes for centuries and, today, is part of the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum.
Alois Stadlober
Alois Stadlober (born 11 April 1962 in Judenburg) is an Austrian former cross-country skier who competed from 1988 to 2000. He earned two medals at the 1999 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a gold in the 4 x 10 km relay and a silver in the 10 km.

Stadlober's best individual finish at the Winter Olympics was an eighth in the 10 km event at Albertville in 1992. He won four races in his career, all in 10 km and in Austria, from 1995 to 1997.

He is married to former alpine skier Roswitha Steiner and is the father of cross-country skiers Luis Stadlober and Teresa Stadlober.

Teresa Stadlober
Teresa Stadlober (born 1 February 1993) is an Austrian cross-country skier. She first competed at the Winter Olympics in 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in skiathlon and women's classical. She won individual Olympic medal at the 2022 Winter Olympics, in the 15 km skiathlon event.

She is the daughter of former cross-country skier Alois Stadlober and former alpine skier Roswitha Steiner, and younger sister of cross-country skier Luis Stadlober.

She placed sixth in the 50 km classical race at the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Virginia State Route 31
State Route 31 (SR 31) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 24.56 miles (39.53 km) from U.S. Route 460 (US 460) in Wakefield north to SR 5 and SR 199 in Williamsburg.  SR 31 is the primary north–south highway of Surry County, where the highway serves the towns of Surry and Dendron.  The state highway also connects Williamsburg with Jamestown.  The sections of SR 31 on either side of the James River are connected by the Jamestown Ferry.

U.S. Route 460 in Virginia
U.S. Route 460 (US 460) in Virginia runs east–west through the southern part of the Commonwealth. The road has two separate pieces in Virginia, joined by a relatively short section in West Virginia. Most of US 460 is a four-lane divided highway and is a major artery in the southern third of the state. From Petersburg to Suffolk, US 460 is a four-lane non-divided highway. It is a popular alternative to Interstate 64 (I-64) when going from
Richmond and other points in central Virginia to the Currituck Sound and Outer Banks of North Carolina, avoiding the congestion
and tunnels of the more northerly I-64 corridor. The road passes through several small towns that built up at stops along the railroad line.

US 460 from I-81 at Christiansburg west to Pikeville, Kentucky, including the piece in West Virginia, is Corridor Q of the Appalachian Development Highway System. From West Virginia east to I-81, US 460 also is part of the proposed I-73.
Military Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technologies
The Military Institute of Telecommunication and Information Technologies named after the Heroes of Kruty (Ukrainian: Військовий інститут телекомунікацій та інформатизації імені Героїв Крут, romanized: Viyskovyi instytut telekomunikatsiy ta informatyzatsii) is an institution of higher military education in Ukraine and part of the State University of Telecommunications, located in Pechersk neighborhood of Kyiv. In the Soviet times (since 1965) it was known as the Kyiv Military Engineering College of Signal (Ukrainian: Київське вище військове інженерне училище зв'язку імені М. І. Калініна).

From 2001 – 2013, it was part of the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. It is an important educational center for high-tech electronics and telecommunications and has a branch in Poltava.

Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
The Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (abbr.  KPI, Ukrainian: Київський політехнічний інститут, КПІ, romanized: Kyivskyi politekhnichnyi instytut; official full title National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute") is a national public technological university in Kyiv, Ukraine.
USNS Dalton Victory
SS Dalton Victory was built as Victory ship used as a cargo ship for World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on 6 June 1944 and completed on 19 July 1944 as a Greenville Victory-class cargo ship. The ship’s United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2- S- AP3, hull number 21.  She was acquired by the U.S. Navy in 1950 and renamed the USNS Dalton Victory (T-AK-256).

In 1960 she was renamed USNS Sunnyvale (T-AGM-5) and rebuilt and placed in service as a missile range instrumentation ship, and assigned to the Pacific Missile Range, where she performed missile tracking duties.

Victory ship
The Victory ship is a ship class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by American shipyards during World War II. They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship, were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines, giving higher speed to allow participation in high-speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats.  A total of 534 Victory ships were built in between 1944 and 1946.
Yob (band)
Yob (stylized as YOB) is an American doom metal band from Eugene, Oregon, composed of singer/guitarist Michael Scheidt, bassist Aaron Rieseberg and drummer Dave French. Their most recent studio album Our Raw Heart was released in June 2018.

Relapse Records
Relapse Records is an American independent record label based in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Matthew F. Jacobson in 1990. The label features many grindcore, death metal, metalcore and sludge metal artists.
Salian dynasty
The Salian dynasty or Salic dynasty (German: Salier) was a dynasty in the High Middle Ages. The dynasty provided four kings of Germany (1024–1125), all of whom went on to be crowned Holy Roman emperors (1027–1125).

After the death of the last Ottonian emperor in 1024, the Kingdom of Germany and later the entire Holy Roman Empire passed to Conrad II, a Salian. He was followed by three more Salian rulers: Henry III, Henry IV, and Henry V. They established their monarchy as a major European power. The Salian dynasty developed a permanent administrative system based on a class of public officials answerable to the crown.

Aribert (archbishop of Milan)
Aribert (or Heribert) (Italian: Ariberto da Intimiano, Lombard: Aribert de Intimian) (Intimiano, between 970 and 980 – Milan, 16 January 1045) was the archbishop of Milan from 1018 to 1045. According to Yves Renouard, "Aribert was one of the greatest politicians of 11th-century Italy".
B1A4
B1A4 (Korean: 비원에이포) is a South Korean boy band formed by WM Entertainment. The group debuted on April 23, 2011, with the single "O.K" from the EP Let's Fly, after being introduced to the public through a webtoon. They have released nine studio albums (four Korean and five Japanese) and seven EPs, as well as four compilation albums. The group had considerable commercial and critical success in both the Korean and Japanese markets. They have also toured in the United States.

BABA B1A4
BABA B1A4 was the first concert of South Korean boy band B1A4. It opened on December 8, 2012, at the SK Handball Olympic Gymnasium at the Olympic Park, Seoul and ended the next day with tickets sold on October 18. BABA B1A4 had approximately 11,000 attendees.
SA First
SA First, also known as South Australia First, was a South Australian political party formed in 1999 by dissident Labor MP Terry Cameron. The party contested the 2002 state election but failed to elect any candidates to the Parliament of South Australia.

South Australian Legislative Council
The Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of South Australia, the lower house being the House of Assembly.

Its central purpose is to act as a house of review for legislation passed through the House of Assembly. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The upper house has 22 members elected for staggered eight-year terms by proportional representation, with half of the members facing re-election every four years. It is elected in a similar manner to its federal counterpart, the Senate. Casual vacancies—where a member resigns or dies—are filled by a joint sitting of both houses, who then elect a replacement.
2014 Coke Zero 400
The 2014 Coke Zero 400 powered by Coca-Cola was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race that was scheduled to be held on July 5, 2014 but was pushed to July 6, 2014, at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida. The race was originally scheduled to be run over 160 laps, though only 112 laps were contested due to rain, it was the 18th race of the 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season. Aric Almirola was leading when the race was called for rain and scored his first career win and the No. 43's first win since the 1999 Goody's Body Pain 500. Brian Vickers was second, while Kurt Busch, Casey Mears, and top rookie Austin Dillon rounded out the top five. Behind Dillon, the top rookies of the race were Alex Bowman in 13th, and Michael Annett in 21st.

2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series
The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season. The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500. The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.

This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports. ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT. For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.

Kevin Harvick and Stewart–Haas Racing claimed the drivers' championship and owners' championship, while Chevrolet won the manufacturer's championship. In one of the largest rookie classes in recent history, Kyle Larson was named Rookie of the Year.
Duchy of Aragvi
The Duchy of Aragvi (Georgian: არაგვის საერისთავო) was an important fiefdom in medieval and early modern Georgia, strategically located in the upper Aragvi valley, in the foothills of the eastern Greater Caucasus crest, and ruled by a succession of eristavi ("dukes") from c. 1380 until being transferred to the royal crown in 1747.

Zurab I, Duke of Aragvi
Zurab Aragvis Eristavi (Georgian: ზურაბ არაგვის ერისთავი), also known as Sohrab Aragvis Eristavi (b. 1591 — d. 1629), was a Georgian duke (eristavi) of the Duchy of Aragvi (1619—1629), who initially served the Safavids, and played a leading role in Georgian politics in the first decades of the 17th century. Later, he joined Giorgi Saakadze's (Murav Beg) anti-Persian uprising in 1625–26, switched sides to join Teimuraz I of Kakheti (Tahmuras Khan) against Saakadze, but was eventually murdered by his new ally.
M11 (Istanbul Metro)
Line M11, officially referred to as the M11 Gayrettepe–Istanbul Airport–Halkalı Metro Line (Turkish: Gayrettepe–İstanbul Havalimanı–Halkalı Metro Hattı), is a line of the Istanbul Metro. As of March 2024, it is operational between Gayrettepe and Arnavutköy Hastane via Istanbul Airport. The line is currently 51.5 km (32.0 mi) long, making it the longest line in the Istanbul Metro. The M11 is entirely underground, making it the second longest continuous subway tunnel in Europe, behind the Moscow Metro's Bolshaya Koltsevaya line.

Arnavutköy Hastane (Istanbul Metro)
Arnavutköy Hastane is an underground station on the M11 line of the Istanbul Metro. It is located under Eski Edirne Street at Arnavutköy City Park in the Anadolu neighbourhood of Arnavutköy district. It was opened on 19 March 2024, and serves as the western terminus of the line until the extension to Halkalı opens in early 2026.
Gintarasia
Gintarasia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. It has seven species, all of which are found in Australia. Gintarasia species are corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens with a thelotremoid form.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Alina, regina di Golconda
Alina, regina di Golconda (Alina, Queen of Golconda) is an opera in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti.  The Italian libretto was written by Felice Romani after Michel-Jean Sedaine's French libretto for Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny's ballet-heroique Aline, reine de Golconde (Paris Opera, 1766), in its turn based on the novel by Stanislas de Boufflers.

The opera was commissioned for the opening festivities of the Teatro Carlo Felice, Genoa, where it premiered with success on 12 May 1828.  Soon after, a revised version debuted at the Teatro Valle, Rome on 10 October 1829.

Aline, reine de Golconde
Aline, reine de Golconde (‘Aline, Queen of Golconda’) is an opera (ballet-héroïque) in three acts by Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny to a libretto by Michel-Jean Sedaine based on a story by Stanislas-Jean de Boufflers. It was first performed in the Salle des Machines in Paris on 15 April 1766.
Australians for Constitutional Monarchy
Australians for Constitutional Monarchy (ACM) is a group that aims to preserve Australia's constitutional monarchy, with Charles III as King of Australia. The group states that it is a non-partisan, not-for-profit organisation whose role is "To preserve, to protect and to defend our heritage: the Australian constitutional system, the role of the Crown in it and our Flag".

Harry Gibbs
Sir Harry Talbot Gibbs (7 February 1917 – 25 June 2005) was Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia from 1981 to 1987 after serving as a member of the High Court between 1970 and 1981. He was known as one of Australia's leading federalist judges although he presided over the High Court when decisions such as Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen in 1982 and Commonwealth v Tasmania expanded the powers of the Commonwealth at the expense of the states. Gibbs dissented from the majority verdict in both cases. On 3 August 2012, the Supreme Court of Queensland Library opened the Sir Harry Gibbs Legal Heritage Centre. It is the only legal heritage museum of its kind in Queensland and features a permanent exhibition dedicated to the life and legacy of Sir Harry Gibbs.