hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Montgisard
The Battle of Montgisard was fought between the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Ayyubid Sultanate on 25 November 1177 at Montgisard, in the Levant between Ramla and Yibna.

The 16-year-old Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, severely afflicted by leprosy, led outnumbered Christian forces against Saladin's troops in what became one of the most notable engagements of the Crusades. The Muslim Army was quickly routed and pursued for twelve miles. Saladin fled back to Cairo, reaching the city on 8 December, with only a tenth of his army.

Muslim historians considered Saladin's defeat to be so severe that it was only redeemed by his victory ten years later at the battles of Cresson and Hattin and the Siege of Jerusalem in 1187. Saladin did defeat Baldwin IV in the Battle of Marj Ayyun in 1179, two years later.

Philip I, Count of Flanders
Philip I (1143 – 1 August 1191), commonly known as Philip of Alsace, was count of Flanders from 1168 to 1191. During his rule Flanders prospered economically. He took part in two crusades and died of disease in the Holy Land.
Ljubljansko Posavje
Ljubljansko Posavje (Ljubljana Sava valley) is the common name for villages along the Sava River and near the city of Ljubljana. The name of the village indicates Kleče, Savlje, Ježica, Mala vas, Črnuče, Stožice, Tomačevo and Jarše. The name was previously used quite frequently, until the village maintained its identity. After the Second World War, the village began to melt with the city and name has been maintained mainly in the appointment of the Posavje District, which includes Stožice, Kleče, Savlje, Mala vas, Ježica and residential blocks BS 7.

Ježica
Ježica (pronounced [ˈjeːʒitsa]; German: Jeschza) is a formerly independent settlement in the northern part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Dalby Town Council Chambers and Offices
Dalby Town Council Chambers and Offices is a heritage-listed former town hall at 133 Cunningham Street, Dalby, Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Hall & Phillips and built in 1932. It is also known as Darling Downs Northern School Support Centre. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 July 1999.

Dalby, Queensland
Dalby (/ˈdɒlbi/) is a rural town and locality in the Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Dalby had a population of 12,758 people.

It is on the Darling Downs and is the administrative centre for the Western Downs Region.
Hochelaga (provincial electoral district)
Hochelaga (French pronunciation: [ɔʃlaɡa]) was a former provincial electoral district in the province of Quebec, Canada.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada).  Its final election was in 1908.  It disappeared in the 1912 election and was redistributed into Laval, Maisonneuve, Montréal-Dorion, Montréal-Laurier, Montréal-Hochelaga, Westmount, and Jacques-Cartier, with small parts going to Montréal–Saint-Georges and Montréal–Sainte-Marie.

It was named after the former aboriginal village of Hochelaga on the site where Montreal now stands.  The village existed when the explorer Jacques Cartier discovered territories that became New France.

Montréal-Dorion
Montréal-Dorion (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃ʁeal dɔʁjɔ̃]) was a former provincial electoral district in the Montreal region of Quebec, Canada that elected members to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

It was created for the 1912 election from part of Hochelaga electoral district.  Its final election was in 1936.  It disappeared in the 1939 election and its successor electoral districts were Montréal–Jeanne-Mance and Montréal-Mercier.
Kehlen
Kehlen (German pronunciation: [ˈkeːlən]; Luxembourgish: Kielen [ˈki̯ələn] ⓘ) is a commune and town in western Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Capellen. As of 2023, the commune had a population of 6,391.

As of 2025, the town of Kehlen, which lies in the centre of the commune, has a population of 2,509. Other towns within the commune include Dondelange, Keispelt, Meispelt, Nospelt and Olm.

Dondelange
Dondelange (Luxembourgish: Dondel, German: Dondelingen) is a village in the commune of Kehlen, in south-western Luxembourg.  The village has a historic chapel, and a large historic mansion. As of 2025, the village has a population of 203.  The surnames Dondlinger, Dondelinger, and Donndelinger are derived from the name of this village.
Brown Building (Manhattan)
The Brown Building is a ten-story building that is part of the campus of New York University (NYU), which owns it. It is located at 23–29 Washington Place, between Greene Street and Washington Square East in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, and is best known as the location of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire of March 25, 1911, which killed 146 people. The Triangle Fire Memorial is now located there.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and was named a National Historical Landmark in 1991. It was designated a New York City landmark on the 92nd anniversary of the fire in 2003.

Triangle Fire Memorial
The Triangle Fire Memorial is a memorial at the Brown Building in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It commemorates the 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, which killed 146 workers, primarily Italian and Jewish immigrant women and girls, and is considered a catalyst in the American labor rights movement. It was designed by  Richard Joon Yoo and Uri Wegman.

It was officially unveiled on October 11, 2023, more than a century after the fire occurred.

The memorial was created after years of effort from the Remember the Triangle Fire Coalition, whose members include descendants of the victims.
James Luther Mays
James Luther Mays (July 14, 1921 – October 29, 2015) was an American Old Testament scholar. He was Cyrus McCormick Professor of Hebrew and the Old Testament Emeritus at Union Presbyterian Seminary, Virginia. He served as president of the Society of Biblical Literature in 1986.

Mays wrote commentaries on Psalms, Hosea, Amos, and Micah. He was formerly editor of Interpretation.

In 1986, a Festschrift was published in his honor, called The Hermeneutical Quest: Essays in Honor of James Luther Mays on His Sixty-fifth Birthday. It included contributions from Elizabeth Achtemeier, James Barr, Brevard Childs, Patrick D. Miller, James A. Sanders, and Claus Westermann.

Brevard Childs
Brevard Springs Childs (September 2, 1923 – June 23, 2007) was an American Old Testament scholar and Professor of Old Testament at Yale University from 1958 until 1999 (and Sterling Professor after 1992), who is considered one of the most influential biblical scholars of the 20th century.
Outwood Academy Adwick
Outwood Academy Adwick is a mixed secondary school and sixth form with academy status located in Woodlands, South Yorkshire, England. It has a comprehensive admissions policy, with 1,080 pupils on roll as of 2024.

The school is operated by Outwood Grange Academies Trust, and the current principal is Vicky Gray.

Outwood Grange Academies Trust
Outwood Grange Academies Trust (OGAT) is a multi-academy trust (MAT) that operates forty schools (twenty-eight secondary and twelve primary) across northern England and the East Midlands. It is an exempt charity, regulated by the Department for Education. Its chief executive is Lee Wilson.

The trust was founded in 2009, led by Sir Michael Wilkins who was principal of the trust's namesake, Outwood Grange Academy. Its CEO, from 2016 to 2023, was Sir Martyn Oliver, who previously served as a principal of schools within the trust.

The trust operates using an "80:20" principle, where about 80% of how its schools operate is standardised and 20% is open to local innovation.
Mike Hammer (character)
Michael Hammer is a fictional character created by the American author Mickey Spillane. Hammer debuted in the 1947 book I, the Jury, and appeared in 13 novels by Spillane (the final published 1996), and 15 more published by Max Allan Collins after Spillane's death and based on Spillane's notes or incomplete manuscripts.

Spillane's Mike Hammer books were immensely successful in the 1950s, and Spillane's books rank among the best-selling fiction in modern publishing history with estimated sales over 100 million to 200 million. The Hammer character was also adapted to film and television on multiple occasions between the 1950s and early 2000s.

Hammer is a no-holds-barred private investigator whose love for his secretary Velda is outweighed only by his willingness to kill a killer. Hammer's best friend is Pat Chambers, Captain of NYPD Homicide. Hammer was a World War II army veteran who spent two years fighting jungle warfare in the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II against Japan.

Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer (1984 TV series)
Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer (later titled The New Mike Hammer), with Stacy Keach in the title role, is an American crime drama television series that originally aired on CBS from January 28, 1984, to May 13, 1987. The series consisted of 51 installments: 46 one-hour episodes, a two-part pilot episode (More Than Murder), and three TV movies (Murder Me, Murder You, The Return of Mickey Spillane's Mike Hammer, and Mike Hammer: Murder Takes All. Murder Me, Murder You was initially envisioned as a stand-alone TV movie, but ultimately became a backdoor pilot for the series when it was received positively by audiences).

The movies and series were produced under the guidance of executive producer Jay Bernstein, who acquired the television rights from his close friend Mickey Spillane for one dollar.
Xplor International
Xplor International also known as The Electronic Document Systems Association is an international trade association specifically focused on the issues of transaction documents. Transaction documents are legally relevant documents that are either printed and mailed or are electronically delivered e.g. bills, bank statements, insurance policies etc. The goal of the organization is to promotes "best practices for the design, production and delivery of electronic documents."

The acronym XPLOR was derived from Xerox Printer Liaison ORganization, the original association name. Xplor expanded its mission in 1983 to include other vendors' technology and adopted the acronym as the organization's name.

Transaction document
Transaction documents  refers to legally relevant documents that are either printed, inserted and mailed, or electronically presented. They consist of a mixture of fixed and variable data.

These documents are usually created by organizations through their financial computing system and then delivered to other parties (such as clients) through the post office or through an electronic billing system. The printed transaction documents, once delivered to the post office, conform to the mail box rule.

Common examples of transaction documents are:

bills

bank statements (and credit card, financial services, etc.)

insurance policies

notices

other legally relevant correspondence, etc.

Xplor international is a technical association that focuses on the best practices and technologies associated with these documents.
Mila (research institute)
Mila – Quebec AI Institute (originally Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms) is a research institute in Montreal, Quebec, focusing mainly on machine learning research. Approximately 1000 students and researchers and 100 faculty members, were part of Mila in 2022. Along with Alberta's Amii and Toronto's Vector Institute, Mila is part of the Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy.

Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute
Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Amii) is a machine learning institute in Edmonton, Alberta. Amii was established in 2002 to drive innovation in the artificial intelligence space and partner with companies to adopt and grow the technology. Since their inception, Amii have worked with more than 300 companies to translate knowledge, talent and technology into industry and secured $600M+ in venture financing, including $450M raised by Canadian-based companies. As of 2023, Amii funds the research of more than 30 research fellows, 36 Canada CIFAR AI chairs, recently invested $30 million in the University of Alberta to recruit 20 new global AI researchers, and worked with over 100 companies to accelerate AI product development.

Along with Montreal's  Mila and Toronto's  Vector Institute, Amii is a member of the Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy.
Achievement (video games)
In video gaming, an achievement (or a trophy) is a meta-goal defined outside a game's parameters, a digital reward that signifies a player's mastery of a specific task or challenge within a video game. Unlike the in-game systems of quests, tasks, and/or levels that usually define the goals of a video game and have a direct effect on further gameplay, the management of achievements usually takes place outside the confines of the game environment and architecture. Meeting the fulfillment conditions, and receiving recognition of fulfillment by the game, is sometimes referred to as unlocking the achievement.

PlayStation Network
PlayStation Network (PSN) is a digital media entertainment service provided by Sony Interactive Entertainment. Launched in November 2006, PSN was originally conceived for the PlayStation video game consoles, but soon extended to encompass smartphones, tablets, Blu-ray players and high-definition televisions. It succeeded Sony Entertainment Network in 2015 and this service is the account for PlayStation consoles, accounts can store games and other content.

PlayStation Network's services are dedicated to an online marketplace (PlayStation Store), a premium subscription service for enhanced gaming and social features (PlayStation Plus), music streaming (PlayStation Music, based on Spotify), and formerly a cloud gaming service (PlayStation Now; folded into PlayStation Plus Premium in June 2022). The service is available in 73 territories.
Guo Moruo
Guo Moruo (November 16, 1892 – June 12, 1978), courtesy name Dingtang, was a Chinese author, poet, historian, archaeologist, and government official. A prominent Chinese writer in the May Fourth Movement and later in the Mao era, he was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution. The persecution led him to denounce his colleagues and his past work and demand that all of it be burned, an act for which he was labeled "shameless". He regained prominence in the 1970s and is generally well-regarded in modern China.

Leshan
Leshan, formerly known as Jiading and Jiazhou, is a prefecture-level city located at the confluence of the Dadu and Min rivers, on the southwestern fringe of the Sichuan Basin, about 120 km (75 mi) from Chengdu, Sichuan, China. By the end of 2024, the registered population of the city is 3.45 million. A historical and cultural city, Leshan is famous for world heritage sites Emei Mountain and Leshan Buddha, as well as for its rich food culture. It is also a regional center in the southern part of the Chengdu Economic Zone, serving as a transportation hub and port city in southwestern China.
Changi General Hospital
Changi General Hospital (abbreviation: CGH) is a 1000-bed large district general hospital located in Simei, eastern Singapore. It is Singapore's first purpose-built general hospital to serve communities in the east and north-east regions.

The hospital has more than 23 medical services, from general surgery, internal medicine, cardiology, ENT to orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine. It houses six specialist centres – Breast Centre, Changi Sports Medicine Centre, Diabetes Centre, Geriatric Centre, Integrated Sleep Service and Medical Centre for International Travellers.

SingHealth
Singapore Health Services, commonly known as SingHealth, is the largest group of healthcare institutions in Singapore. Established in 2000, the group consists of four public hospitals, two community hospitals, five national specialty centres and a network of eight polyclinics. The Singapore General Hospital (SGH) is the largest hospital in the group and serves as the flagship hospital for the cluster.
Savski Venac
Savski Venac (Serbian Cyrillic: Савски Венац, pronounced [sâːv̞skiː v̞ě̞ːnat͡s]) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has a population of 36,699 inhabitants.

It is one of the three municipalities which constitute the very center of Belgrade, together with Stari Grad and Vračar.

Savski Venac is located on the right bank of the Sava river. It stretches in the north-south direction for 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) (from downtown Belgrade, just 200 meters (660 ft) from Terazije, to Banjica) and east-west direction for 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) (from Senjak and the Sava bank to Autokomanda). It borders the municipalities of Stari Grad to the north, Vračar to the north-east, Voždovac to the east, Rakovica to the south and Čukarica to the west.

Banjica
Banjica (Serbian: Бањица, pronounced [bâɲitsa]) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It's divided between Belgrade's municipalities of Savski Venac (western half) and Voždovac (eastern half).
Øst-Finnmark
East-Finnmark (Norwegian: Øst-Finnmark) is a district in Finnmark county, Norway. Eastern Finnmark covers an area of 18,738 square kilometres (7,235 sq mi) from the border with Russia in the east to the Sværholt Peninsula in the west. The district includes the nine municipalities of Berlevåg, Båtsfjord, Gamvik, Lebesby, Nesseby, Sør-Varanger, Tana, Vadsø, and Vardø. The district includes three towns: Vardø, Vadsø, and Kirkenes. The district includes all of the Varanger Peninsula and Nordkinn Peninsula as well as the areas surrounding the Laksefjorden, Tanafjorden, and Varangerfjorden.

Finnmark
Finnmark (Norwegian: [ˈfɪ̀nːmɑrk] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Finnmárku [ˈfinːˌmaːrːhkuː]; Kven: Finmarkku; Finnish: Finnmarkin lääni; Russian: Финнмарк) is a county in northern Norway. By land, it borders Troms county to the west, Finland's Lapland region to the south, and Russia's Murmansk Oblast to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea (Atlantic Ocean) to the northwest, and the Barents Sea (Arctic Ocean) to the north and northeast.

The county was formerly known as Finmarkens amt or Vardøhus amt. Since 2002, it has had two official names: Finnmark (Norwegian) and Finnmárku (Northern Sami). It is part of the Sápmi region, which spans four countries, as well as the Barents Region, and is Norway's second-largest and least populous county.

In January 2020, Finnmark merged with the neighbouring county of Troms to form Troms og Finnmark county. In January 2024, the counties of Finnmark and Troms were restored after parliament decided in June 2022 to separate them.
Cohen ring
In algebra, a Cohen ring is a field or a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic  whose maximal ideal is generated by p. Cohen rings are used in the Cohen structure theorem for complete Noetherian local rings.

Cohen structure theorem
In mathematics, the Cohen structure theorem, introduced by Cohen (1946), describes the structure of complete Noetherian local rings.

Some consequences of Cohen's structure theorem include three conjectures of Krull:

Any complete regular equicharacteristic Noetherian local ring is a ring of formal power series over a field. (Equicharacteristic means that the local ring and its residue field have the same characteristic, and is equivalent to the local ring containing a field.)

Any complete regular Noetherian local ring that is not equicharacteristic but is unramified is uniquely determined by its residue field and its dimension.

Any complete Noetherian local ring is the image of a complete regular Noetherian local ring.
Acer Aspire
Acer Aspire (stylised as Λspire or ΛSPIRE) is a series of personal computers by Acer Inc. aimed at casual household users. The Aspire series covers both desktop computers and laptops. Acer developed the series to range from essentials to high performance. The Aspire mainly competes against computers such as Asus's Transformer Book Flip, VivoBook and ZenBook, Dell's Inspiron and XPS, HP's Pavilion, Spectre, Essential and Envy, Lenovo's IdeaPad and Yoga, Samsung's Notebook, and Dynabook's Satellite (formerly Toshiba Satellite). It formerly competed against computers such as Asus's Transformer Book Flip and HP's Stream.

The Aspire series was first brought to the market in September 1995, which featured the Intel Pentium processor. The Aspire series then replaced the AcerPower series in 2002 and became one of Acer's main series.

Acer Inc.
Acer Inc. (/ˈeɪsər/; AY-sər) is a Taiwanese multinational company that produces computer hardware and electronics, headquartered in Xizhi District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Its products include desktop PCs, laptop PCs (clamshells, 2-in-1s, convertibles and Chromebooks), tablets, servers, storage devices, virtual reality devices, displays, smartphones, televisions and peripherals, as well as gaming PCs and accessories under its Predator brand. As of 2024, Acer is the world's sixth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales.

In the early 2000s, Acer implemented a new business model, shifting from a manufacturer to a designer, marketer, and distributor of products, while performing production processes via contract manufacturers. Currently, in addition to its core IT products business, Acer also has a new business entity that focuses on the integration of cloud services and platforms, and the development of smartphones and wearable devices with value-added IoT applications.
Jeff Feagles
Jeffrey Allan Feagles (born March 7, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a punter for 22 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Miami Hurricanes. He was originally signed by the New England Patriots as an undrafted free agent in 1988, and retired in 2010 after last playing for the New York Giants.

Feagles is known for using the "coffin corner" punt. He earned Pro Bowl selections in 1995 and 2008 and won a Super Bowl ring with the Giants in Super Bowl XLII over the Patriots. In his 22-season career, Feagles never missed a game, a record amongst special teams players.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Amasa Nichols
Amasa Nichols (2 April 1773 – 17 July 1849) was a manufacturer who was a founder and namesake of Nichols College in Dudley, Massachusetts.

Nichols was born in Thompson, Connecticut on April 2, 1773. He became a prominent cotton manufacturer in Dudley, Massachusetts.  Nichols was an ardent supporter of the Universalist Church. He founded Nichols Academy as a Universalist Church institution in 1815.  He resigned from the board in 1823 amid personal financial problems and because of the school's changing religious affiliation. Nichols died in West Scituate, Massachusetts on July 17, 1849.

Nichols College
Nichols College is a private business college in Dudley, Massachusetts. Founded in 1931 as Nichols Junior College, Nichols College offers both bachelor's and master's degrees, as well as certificate programs.