hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 State of Origin series
The 2009 State of Origin series was the 28th time that the annual three-game series between the Queensland and New South Wales representative rugby league football teams was played entirely under 'state of origin' selection rules. Queensland won their first two matches to retain the shield and to record 14 series wins, as well as the first time in Origin history that a state had won the series for four consecutive years. Maroon centre Greg Inglis was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as player of the series.

Glenn Stewart
Glenn Stewart (born 11 January 1984) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the Leigh Centurions in the Super League. An Australia international and New South Wales State of Origin representative second-row, he previously played for the Manly Sea Eagles and the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the NRL, winning the 2008 and 2011 premierships as well as the Clive Churchill Medal with the former.
1/3–2/3 conjecture
In order theory, a branch of mathematics, the 1/3–2/3 conjecture states that, if one is comparison sorting a set of items then, no matter what comparisons may have already been performed, it is always possible to choose the next comparison in such a way that it will reduce the number of possible sorted orders by a factor of 2/3 or better. Equivalently, in every finite partially ordered set that is not totally ordered, there exists a pair of elements x and y with the property that at least 1/3 and at most 2/3 of the linear extensions of the partial order place x earlier than y.

Semiorder
In order theory, a branch of mathematics, a semiorder is a type of ordering for items with numerical scores, where items with widely differing scores are compared by their scores and where scores within a given margin of error are deemed incomparable. Semiorders were introduced and applied in mathematical psychology by Duncan Luce (1956) as a model of human preference. They generalize strict weak orderings, in which items with equal scores may be tied but there is no margin of error. They are a special case of partial orders and of interval orders, and can be characterized among the partial orders by additional axioms, or by two forbidden four-item suborders.
Eaton, Brown County, Wisconsin
Eaton is a town in Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,508 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Coppens Corner, Henrysville, and Poland are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Buckman is also located partially in the town.

Poland, Wisconsin
Poland is an unincorporated community in the Town of Eaton, Brown County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located at the intersection of County Highway T and Wisconsin Highway 29, several miles east of Green Bay. It is located at latitude 44-26-37N and longitude 87-49-34W.

Poland was named for and by the many Polish immigrants who settled in the area during the 1870s.  In 1881, community members built SS. Cyril and Methodius Catholic Church in the heart of Poland.  The church was destroyed by fire in 1898, and a new church was constructed the following year.
Master Individual
The Master Individual national bridge championship was held at the fall American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC); it was held from 1931 until 1960 after which it was discontinued.

North American Bridge Championships
North American Bridge Championships (NABC) are three annual bridge tournaments sponsored by the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL). The "Spring", "Summer", and "Fall" NABCs are usually scheduled in March, July, and November for about eleven days. They comprise both championship and side contests of different kinds (e.g. matchpoint pairs and knockout teams, one-day and two-day) in many classes of competition (e.g. open/women/senior or defined by masterpoints). Host cities in the United States and Canada are selected several years in advance.
Cavaglià
Cavaglià (Italian: [kavaʎˈʎa]; Piedmontese: Cavajà) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Biella.

Cavaglià borders the following municipalities: Alice Castello, Carisio, Dorzano, Roppolo, Salussola, Santhià. Sights include Rondolino Castle, the Baroque church of St. Michael Archangel, the neo-Renaissance church of Santa Maria di Babilone, and an archaeological site with menhirs from as early as the Iron Age.

Roppolo
Roppolo is a municipality in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Biella.

Roppolo is located on the southern slopes of Ivrea glacial ridge, west to the Lake of Viverone. It borders the following municipalities: Alice Castello, Cavaglià, Cerrione, Dorzano, Salussola, Viverone, Zimone.

The hamlet is mentioned for the first time in a 936 AD document.  It is home to Roppolo Castle, largely built during the 14th century. Economy is based on the production of wine and kiwifruit.
Abd al Kuri
Abd al Kuri (Arabic: عبد الكوري) is a rocky island in the Guardafui Channel. As a part of the Socotra Archipelago Governorate of Yemen, it lies about 65 miles (105 km) southwest of the main island of Socotra. Its terrain primarily consists of granite and diorite covered with limestone.

Socotra
Socotra, locally known as Saqatri, is a Yemeni island in the Indian Ocean. It is situated between the Gulf of Aden, the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, and lies near major shipping routes. The largest of the six islands in the Socotra archipelago, it comprises around 95% of the landmass of the archipelago. It lies 380 kilometres (205 nautical miles) south of the Arabian Peninsula and 232 km (125 nmi) east of the Horn of Africa. The inhabitants of the island are called Socotrans, and they speak Arabic and Soqotri.

Socotra is home to a high number of unique species that are endemic. Up to a third of its plant life is unique. Due to the island's unusual geography, it has been described as "the most alien-looking place on Earth". The island measures 132 km (82 mi) in length and 42 km (26 mi) across at its widest. In 2008, Socotra was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Young Republicans
The Young Republican National Federation (YRNF), commonly referred to as the Young Republicans (YR), is a 527 organization for members of the Republican Party of the United States between the ages of 18 and 40. It has both a national organization and chapters in individual states.

Although frequently confused, the YRNF is separate from the College Republicans.

Young Republican clubs are both social and political in nature. Many of them sponsor various social events and networking events for members. In addition, Young Republican clubs assist Republican political candidates and causes.

In 2025, Politico released over 2,900 pages of messages from a leaked Young Republicans group chat that included racist, antisemitic and violent rhetoric. This led to the removal and firing of several high-ranking leaders of the organization, including some who held political positions or worked for elected officials.

Young Republican group chat leaks
On October 14, 2025, Politico reported on 2,900 pages of leaked Telegram chats, spanning a seven-month period, from leaders of the Young Republicans in several U.S. states. Many participants worked in government or party politics, including state senator Samuel Douglass and senior Trump official Michael Bartels, an adviser in the U.S. Small Business Administration.

The Politico article argued that "the messages reveal a culture where racist, antisemitic and violent rhetoric circulate freely — and where the Trump-era loosening of political norms has made such talk feel less taboo among those positioning themselves as the party's next leaders".

The New York State Young Republicans includes members aged 18 to 40. It recruits and trains young people to run for political office.
General Artigas railway station
General Artigas railway station (Spanish: Estación Central General Artigas) is the former main railway station in Montevideo, Uruguay. Located in barrio Aguada, it was designed by the Italian engineer and architect Luigi Andreoni, it was opened to the public on 15 July 1897 and was closed on 1 March 2003, being replaced by a station 500 metres (1,600 ft) to the north. The building was declared a National Historic Monument in 1975.

Redevelopment or reactivation of the station and site has been plagued by administrative problems. The Passenger Group defending Montevideo Central Station has proposed to create a multimodal transportation center that combines trains with other forms of transportation.

Aguada, Montevideo
Aguada is a barrio (neighbourhood or district) of Montevideo, Uruguay. Its name indicates water flow and originates from the springs and well it used to have which supplied the original city and the boats with drinking water.
Taltala
Taltala (also spelt Taltola, archaic spelling Taltollah) is a neighbourhood in Central Kolkata, in Kolkata district in the Indian state of West Bengal. One of the oldest neighbourhoods of the metropolis, it has a police station on its own name.

Aliah University
Aliah University (AU; Arabic: جامعہ عالیہ, Bengali: আলিয়া বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়) is a public state university in New Town, West Bengal, India. Previously known as Mohammedan College of Calcutta, it was elevated to university in 2008.
Chairman of Committees (New Zealand House of Representatives)
The Chairman of Committees was an elected position of the New Zealand House of Representatives. The role existed between 1854 and 1992. The roles of the Chairman of Committees were to deputise for the Speaker, and to chair the House when it was in committee. The role is now carried out by the Deputy Speaker. The role of Chairman of Committees also existed for the Legislative Council.

Chairman of Committees (New Zealand Legislative Council)
The Chairman of Committees was an elected position of the New Zealand Legislative Council. The role was established in 1865 and existed until the abolition of the Legislative Council. The roles of the Chairman of Committees were to deputise for the Speaker, and to chair the House when it was in committee.  The role of Chairman of Committees also existed for the House of Representatives.
Liegnitz (region)
Regierungsbezirk Liegnitz was an administrative region in the Prussian Province of Silesia and later Lower Silesia. It existed from 1815 to 1945 and covered the north-western part of Silesia. The administrative region of Liegnitz became known colloquially as Lower Silesia.

Province of Silesia
The Province of Silesia (German: Provinz Schlesien; Polish: Prowincja Śląska; Silesian: Prowincyjŏ Ślōnskŏ) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1919. The Silesia region was part of the Prussian realm since 1742 and established as an official province in 1815, then became part of the German Empire in 1871. In 1919, as part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, Silesia was divided into the provinces of Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia. Silesia was reunified briefly from 1 April 1938 to 27 January 1941 as a province of Nazi Germany before being divided back into Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia.

Breslau (present-day Wrocław, Poland) was the provincial capital.
Listed buildings in Cowling, Craven
Cowling is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains 38 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Cowling and the surrounding countryside.  Most of the listed buildings are farmhouses and farm buildings, houses and associated structures.  The other listed buildings include milestones, a lime kiln, a former mill, a church, a former school and master's house, and a memorial cairn.

Cowling, Craven
Cowling (/ˈkoʊlɪŋ/ COH-ling) is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England, bordering West Yorkshire and Lancashire.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The parish had a population of 2,355 in 2011.
Waterlow Park
Waterlow Park is a 26-acre (11 ha) park in the southeast of Highgate Village, in north London. It was given to the public (i.e. the London County Council) by Sir Sydney Waterlow, as "a garden for the gardenless" in 1889. It is located to the west of Swain's Lane.

Swain's Lane
Swain's Lane is a street in Highgate in the London Borough of Camden. It runs up Highgate Hill, for much of its route alongside Highgate Cemetery and Waterlow Park. It is noted for its steepness. It runs uphill from a junction with Highgate Road and Highgate West Hill close to Hampstead Heath. Its northern end terminates on South Grove close to Pond Square in the heart of old Highgate village.

It is first mentioned in 1481 as providing access to nearby fields in the then rural area outside the capital. The first recorded habitation was in 1609 and by 1801 it featured a dozen cottages known as Swaine's Row. Highgate Cemetery was established in 1839. To the west of the Lane the garden suburb of Holly Lodge Estate was developed in the interwar era. A number of buildings in the street are now listed.
The Premiership (TV programme)
The Premiership (also known as The Premiership on ITV) is a television programme which showed highlights of the FA Premier League. It was ITV Sport's flagship football show from August 2001 to May 2004. The show was created after the ITV network won a multimillion-pound deal to air Premier League highlights once owned by the BBC. The programme was presented by Des Lynam, with Gabby Logan as a stand-in and Ally McCoist, Ron Atkinson, Terry Venables,  Barry Venison and Andy Townsend frequently serving as pundits.

The Premiership ended in 2004, when the rights returned to the BBC from the 2004–05 season.

ITV Sport
ITV Sport is the sports department of ITV plc, which produces and presents sports programming for the ITV network and ITVX. The branding was originally introduced in 1985 as an umbrella title for networked sports programming produced by ITV's regional franchises. The division took its current form in 2004 amid the acquisition of Carlton Television by Granada Television to form ITV plc, after which the sports departments of Granada, Carlton, and London News Network were amalgamated to form ITV Sport.

The majority of ITV Sport programmes are broadcast on ITV4 although live football, major horse races and the Rugby World Cup are shown on the ITV network (ITV1, STV and UTV). ITV2 and ITV3 are only used when ITV are showing sport on both ITV1 and ITV4.
Thaxted
Thaxted is a town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of north-west Essex, England. The town is in the valley of the River Chelmer, not far from its source in the nearby village of Debden. It lies 5 miles (8 km) north of Dunmow, its post town, and 15 miles (24 km) north of the county town of Chelmsford. As well as Thaxted itself, the parish also contains the hamlets of Cutlers Green, Bardfield End Green, Sibleys Green, Monk Street and Richmond's Green. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 3,443 and the Thaxted built up area had a population of 3,187.

Thaxted Guildhall is a prominent late medieval building in the town centre. It was a place where guilds of skilled tradesmen regulated their trading practices. The town is also known for its English Perpendicular parish church.

Monk Street
Monk Street is a hamlet in the civil parish of Thaxted, in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of the town of Thaxted, on the main B184 road to Great Dunmow. The name of the hamlet is probably linked to the former Cistercian abbey in nearby Tilty.

The composer Gustav Holst rented a thatched cottage in Monk Street from his friend Samuel Bensusan in 1915. It was whilst staying in this cottage that Holst worked on The Planets suite. In 1917 Holst moved to a house in Town Street, Thaxted. The cottage, which dated from 1614, burnt down in the early 1940s.

The main A130 trunk road once passed through the centre of the hamlet, but it was bypassed by a road straightening and widening scheme in the 1960s.
Skarnsundet
Skarnsundet is a strait in the Trondheimsfjord in Trøndelag county, Norway. The strait connects the Beitstadfjorden with the outer section of the Trondheimsfjorden. The 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) long and 0.5-kilometre (0.31 mi) wide Skarnsund is located in Inderøy Municipality. On the northeastern side of the strait is the village of Vangshylla and on the southwestern side is the villages of Venneshamn and Kjerringvik. The strait has a strong tidal current with a maelstrom.

The Skarnsund strait was crossed by the Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry (car ferry), operated by Innherredsferja, prior to 19 December 1991. On that date the new 1,010-metre (3,310 ft) long Skarnsund Bridge was opened. The bridge is part of Norwegian County Road 755. Skarnsund is a noted site for both sports fishing and underwater diving.

Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry
The Vangshylla–Kjerringvik Ferry is a closed automobile ferry on Norwegian County Road 755 that once connected the village of Kjerringvik in Mosvik Municipality on the Fosen peninsula to the village of Vangshylla in Inderøy Municipality in Innherred. The passage across Trondheim Fjord at Skarnsundet was operated by Innherredsferja from 1964 to 1991, when the ferry was replaced by the Skarnsund Bridge.
Omo'a
Omo‘a (or Omoa) is the name of a small town and valley at the head of a bay by the same name, on Fatu Hiva.

The bay of Omo‘a is the southernmost bay on the western coast of Fatu Hiva, and provides a good anchorage.   In 2002, it had approximately 400 inhabitants. The village is home to the island's only Protestant church.  The valley of Omo‘a is well-watered, and curves in a half-moon shape, first to the southeast, and then to the northeast, terminating at the island's central plateau.  This is where Thor Heyerdahl and his wife came ashore in 1937, an experience recorded in his book Fatu Hiva.

Fatu-Hiva
Fatu-Hiva (the "H" is not pronounced, see name section below) is the southernmost island of the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. With Motu Nao as its closest neighbour, it is also the most isolated of the inhabited islands.

Fatu Hiva is also the title of a book by explorer and archaeologist Thor Heyerdahl, in which he describes his stay on the island in the 1930s.
Second Dombrovskis cabinet
The second Dombrovskis cabinet was the government of Latvia from 3 November 2010 to 25 October 2011.  It was the second government to be led by Valdis Dombrovskis, who was Prime Minister between 2009 and 2014.  It took office on 3 November 2010, after the October 2010 election, succeeding the first Dombrovskis cabinet, which had lasted from 2009 to 2010.  It was replaced by the third Dombrovskis cabinet on 25 October 2011, after the September 2011 election.

First Dombrovskis cabinet
The first Dombrovskis cabinet was the government of Latvia from 12 March 2009 to 3 November 2010.  It was the first government to be led by Valdis Dombrovskis, who was Prime Minister from 2009 until 2014.  It took office on 12 March 2009, after the resignation of Ivars Godmanis, succeeding the second Godmanis cabinet, which had lasted from 2007 to 2009.  It was replaced by the second Dombrovskis cabinet on 3 November 2010, after the October 2010 election.
Corytheis
Corytheis or Korytheis (Ancient Greek: Κορυθεῖς) was a village in ancient Arcadia, in the territory of Tegea, and one of the nine townships into which ancient Tegea was divided.

Its site is unlocated.

Tegea
Tegea (/ˈtiːdʒiə/; Greek: Τεγέα) was a settlement in ancient Arcadia, and it is also a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the  Tripoli municipality, of which it is a municipal unit with an area of 118.350 km2. It is near the modern villages of Alea and Episkopi.

The legendary founder of Tegea was Tegeates, a son of Lycaon.
Equatorial electrojet
The equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is a narrow ribbon of current flowing eastward in the daytime equatorial region of the Earth's ionosphere, and one of three global electrojets. The abnormally large amplitude of variations in the horizontal components measured at equatorial geomagnetic observatories, as a result of EEJ, was noticed as early as 1920 from Huancayo geomagnetic observatory. Observations by radar, rockets, satellites, and geomagnetic observatories are used to study EEJ.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Shumai
Shumai (simplified Chinese: 烧卖; traditional Chinese: 燒賣; pinyin: shāomài; Cantonese Yale: sīu-máai; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio-māi) is a type of traditional Chinese dumpling meat made of ground pork. In Cantonese cuisine, it is usually served as a dim sum snack, and is served with an additional serving of soy sauce. In addition to accompanying the Chinese diaspora, variations of shumai can be found in Japan, Southeast Asia, and South America. Variations include the Hawaiian pork hash and the Indonesian siomay. In Australia, it developed into dim sim.

Dumpling
Dumplings are a broad class of dishes that consist of pieces of cooked dough (made from a variety of starchy sources), often wrapped around a filling. The dough can be based on bread, wheat or other flours, or potatoes, and it may be filled with meat, fish, tofu, cheese, vegetables, or a combination. Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of cooking methods and are found in many world cuisines.

One of the earliest mentions of dumplings comes from the Chinese scholar Shu Xi who mentions them in a fu poem 1,700 years ago. In addition, archaeologically preserved dumplings have been found in Turfan, Xinjiang, China dating back over 1,000 years.
Valerie Pettit
Valerie Pettit, OBE (13 June 1929 – 25 March 2020) was a British MI6 operative known for smuggling the Soviet double agent Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky out of the Soviet Union. She devised and led an elaborate escape plan called Operation Pimlico, which extracted Gordievsky from the USSR after he was exposed by Aldrich Ames, an American double agent, in 1985. Gordievsky was considered the most valuable secret service mole in the KGB during Pettit's time.

Oleg Gordievsky
Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky CMG (Russian: Оле́г Анто́нович Гордие́вский; 10 October 1938 – 4 March 2025) was a colonel of the KGB who became KGB resident-designate (rezident) and bureau chief in London and a British spy.

Gordievsky was a double agent, providing information to the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 1974 to 1985. After being recalled to Moscow under suspicion, he was exfiltrated from the Soviet Union in July 1985 under a plan code-named Operation Pimlico. The Soviet Union subsequently sentenced him to death in absentia.