hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Virgin Rail Group
WCT Group Limited, until 2021 under the name Virgin Rail Group Limited, is a British rail transport company that was formed in 1996 by the Virgin Group to bid for rail franchises in the United Kingdom during the privatisation of British Rail.

InterCity West Coast
InterCity West Coast (ICWC) was a 1997–2019 railway franchise in the United Kingdom for passenger trains on the West Coast Main Line (and branches thereof), between London Euston, the West Midlands, North Wales, Liverpool, Manchester, Carlisle, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and other major destinations between.

The franchise was formed during the privatisation of British Rail and transferred to the private sector on 9 March 1997, when Virgin Trains commenced operations. It was due to be re-let in December 2012, with FirstGroup announced as the winning bidder; this decision was later reversed after the discovery of irregularities in the franchise letting process. In December 2012, Virgin Trains was awarded an extension to continue to run the franchise until November 2014, which was extended in several increments until December 2019.

The InterCity West Coast franchise was superseded on 8 December 2019 by the West Coast Partnership, currently operated by Avanti West Coast.
The Real Housewives of Orange County season 13
The thirteenth season of The Real Housewives of Orange County, an American reality television series, was broadcast on Bravo. It aired from July 16, 2018, until December 9, 2018, and is primarily filmed in Orange County, California. Its executive producers are Adam Karpel, Alex Baskin, Douglas Ross, Gregory Stewart, Scott Dunlop, Stephanie Boyriven and Andy Cohen.

The thirteenth season of The Real Housewives of Orange County focuses on the lives of Vicki Gunvalson, Tamra Judge, Shannon Beador, Kelly Dodd, Gina Kirschenheiter and Emily Simpson.

This season marked the first departure from the only remaining original cast member, Vicki Gunvalson. She eventually returned for the show's 20th season.

The Real Housewives of Orange County
The Real Housewives of Orange County, abbreviated RHOC, is an American reality television series that premiered on Bravo on March 21, 2006. It has aired nineteen seasons and focuses on the personal and professional lives of several wealthy women residing in Orange County, California.

The recently-concluded nineteenth season cast consists of Tamra Judge, Heather Dubrow, Shannon Storms Beador, Gina Kirschenheiter, Emily Simpson, Jennifer Pedranti and Katie Ginella; with former housewife Gretchen Rossi appearing in a "friend of" capacity.

It is the founding installment of The Real Housewives franchise and its success led to the expansion of the franchise with numerous spin-off series set in cities across the United States and internationally. It has also resulted in two spin-offs; Date My Ex: Jo & Slade and Tamra's OC Wedding.
Sir William Lawrence, 1st Baronet
Sir William Lawrence, 1st Baronet FRCS FRS (16 July 1783 – 5 July 1867) was an English surgeon who became President of the Royal College of Surgeons of London and Serjeant Surgeon to the Queen.

In his mid-thirties, he published two books of his lectures which contained pre-Darwinian ideas on man's nature and, effectively, on evolution. He was forced to withdraw the second (1819) book after fierce criticism; the Lord Chancellor ruled it blasphemous. Lawrence's transition to respectability occurred gradually, and his surgical career was highly successful. In 1822, Lawrence was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia. He was President of the Medical and Chirurgical Society of London in 1831.

Lawrence had a long and successful career as a surgeon. He reached the top of his profession, and just before his death in 1867 the Queen rewarded him with a baronetcy (see Lawrence baronets).

Thomas Wakley
Thomas Wakley (11 July 1795 – 16 May 1862) was an English surgeon. He gained fame as a social reformer who campaigned against incompetence, privilege and nepotism. He was the founding editor of The Lancet, a radical Member of Parliament (MP) of the Liberal Party and a celebrated coroner.
Crecchio
Crecchio is a comune and village in the province of Chieti, part of the Abruzzo region in central Italy. The village preserves its medieval aspect and is dominated by its castle. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). Its main activities are agriculture and tourism, yet small family-run businesses exist.

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Oldřich I of Rosenberg
Oldřich I of Rosenberg (died 4 March 1390) was the fourth son of the Peter I of Rosenberg and his second wife, Kateřina of Vartemberk. Together with his mother and brothers, he founded a Minorite monastery in Český Krumlov.

After the death of his older brother Jošt of Rosenberg, Oldřich became head of the Rosenberg family. Between 1381 and 1382, together with his brothers and Jindřich of Hradec, Oldřich militarily supported Jindřich of Schaunberg in his dispute with Albert III, Duke of Austria. The dispute was eventually mediated by Czech King Wenceslas IV.

Rosenberg family
The House of Rosenberg (Czech: Rožmberkové or Páni z Rožmberka) was a prominent Bohemian noble family that played an important role in Czech medieval history from the 13th century until 1611. Members of this family held posts at the Prague royal (and later imperial) court, and were viewed as very powerful lords of the Kingdom of Bohemia. This branch of the Vítkovci clan was initially founded by Vítek III, the son of Witiko of Prčice.
T'Pau (band)
T'Pau /təˈpaʊ/ are  an English pop group formed in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, led by singer Carol Decker. They had a string of top 40 hits in the UK during the late 1980s and early 1990s, most notably "China in Your Hand", "Heart and Soul" and "Valentine", and several hits in the rest of Europe, before disbanding in 1992. Decker still performs under the name T'Pau at solo shows and 1980s nostalgia concerts, and in 2013 she reunited with original band member and co-songwriter Ronnie Rogers for a 25th-anniversary UK tour.

Heart and Soul: The Very Best of T'Pau
Heart and Soul: The Very Best of T'Pau is a compilation album by British pop group T'Pau, which was released by Virgin Records in 1993. It reached number 35 on the UK Albums Chart and remained in the top 100 for two weeks.

The compilation's title was based on the band's successful debut single "Heart and Soul".
Cusp (anatomy)
A cusp is a pointed, projecting, or elevated feature. In animals, it is usually used to refer to raised points on the crowns of teeth.
The concept is also used with regard to the leaflets of the four heart valves. The mitral valve, which has two cusps, is also known as the bicuspid valve, and the tricuspid valve has three cusps.

Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.
Amazon Scout
Amazon Scout was a six-wheeled delivery robot used to deliver packages for multinational company Amazon. Amazon Scout originally debuted on January 23, 2019, delivering packages to Amazon customers in Snohomish County, Washington. Amazon scouts move on sidewalks, at a walking pace. In August, 2019, the robots started delivering packages to customers Irvine, California on a test basis, with human monitors. The package is stored inside of the robot, and driven to the customer.

Amazon acquired the robotics company Dispatch to build the robot.

Amazon cancelled Amazon Scout in January 2023.

Delivery robot
A delivery robot is an autonomous robot that provides "last mile" delivery services. Delivery robots have been used in food delivery, package delivery, hospital delivery, and room service.

An operator may monitor and take control of the robot remotely in certain situations that the robot cannot resolve by itself, such as when it is stuck in an obstacle.
Deborah Davis (hazzan)
Deborah Davis is the first hazzan (also called cantor) in Humanistic Judaism. She was ordained in 2001. She is the lead singer of (and a founder of) the Second Avenue Klezmer Ensemble, which she also named.

Hazzan
A hazzan (/ˈhɑːzən/; Hebrew: [χaˈzan], lit. 'hazan') or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן, romanized: ḥazzān, plural ḥazzānim; Yiddish: חזן, romanized: khazn; Ladino: חזן, romanized: hasan) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful Jewish prayer. In English, a hazzan is often referred to as a cantor, a term also used in Christianity.

An individual leading a Jewish congregation in public prayer is also called a sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew: שליח ציבור, lit. 'messenger of the public'). Any person is called a sh'liach tzibbur while leading prayer. However, the term hazzan more commonly refers to someone with formal specialized training in leading prayers or who is appointed to lead prayers regularly in a given synagogue without a formally trained hazzan.
Western Region (Ghana)
The Western region, located in south Ghana, spreads from the Ivory Coast (Comoé District) in the west to the Central region in the east, includes the capital and large twin city of Sekondi-Takoradi on the coast, coastal Axim, and a hilly inland area including Elubo. It includes Ghana's southernmost location, Cape Three Points, where crude oil was discovered in commercial quantities in June 2007. The region covers an area of 13,842 km2, and had a population of 2,060,585 at the 2021 Census. It has a coastline that stretches from South Ghana's border with the Ivory Coast to the boundary with the Central region on the east.

Cape Three Points
4°44′38″N 2°05′20″W﻿ / ﻿4.744°N 2.089°W﻿ / 4.744; -2.089

Cape Three Points is a small peninsula and a fishing village in the Ahanta West Municipal, Western Region of Ghana on the Atlantic Ocean. It forms the southernmost tip of Ghana. The part of the town is near the Gulf of Guinea, and is known as a place for Ghana's Oil discovery.
RFU Senior Vase
The RFU Senior Vase is a rugby union national knockout cup competition in England run by the Rugby Football Union, which has been competed for since the 2006–07 season.  It is contested for by teams at level 8 of the English rugby union system, with only 1st XV sides being allowed to enter.  The competition is a national one but is split into regions until the semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London.  As of 2018-19 it is the fourth most prestigious national club cup competition in England behind the Premiership Rugby Cup, RFU Championship Cup and RFU Intermediate Cup.

Anglo-Welsh Cup
The Anglo-Welsh Cup (Welsh: Cwpan Eingl-Gymreig), was a cross-border rugby union knock-out cup competition that featured the 12 Premiership Rugby clubs and the four Welsh regions. It was a created as a replacement for the RFU Knockout Cup, which featured only English clubs.

The competition was replaced by the Premiership Rugby Cup, involving only the 12 English Premiership clubs, beginning with the 2018–19 season.
Pachaiyar River
The Pachaiyar River originates on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats approximately 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level in the state of  Tamil Nadu in southern India. It then  converges with the Tambaraparani River.  Nine anicuts have been  built across it before it loses its identity in the Tamiraparani.The river Pachaiyar has three tributaries which are Kavayan Odai,  Anaikidangu Odai and Uppan Odai. These tributaries join the river Pachaiyar in the villages Arasppattu, Vadagarai and Padmaneri respectively.

The total length of the river from its origin to its merger with the Tamiraparani is about 32 kilometres (20 mi).

Thamirabarani River
The Thamirabarani or Tamraparni or Porunai is a perennial river that originates from the Agastyarkoodam peak of Pothigai hills of the Western Ghats, above Papanasam in the Ambasamudram taluk. It flows through Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of the Tamil Nadu state of southern India into the Gulf of Mannar. It was called the Tamraparni River in the pre-classical period, a name it lent to the island of Sri Lanka. The old Tamil name of the river is Porunai. From the source to sea, the river is about 128 kilometres (80 mi) long and is the only perennial river in Tamil Nadu. This river flows towards north direction initially. However, it changes to east direction later.
Glenmalure Park
53°18′52.22″N 6°14′50.76″W﻿ / ﻿53.3145056°N 6.2474333°W﻿ / 53.3145056; -6.2474333

Glenmalure Park, often simply known as Milltown, was a football stadium on the Southside of Dublin city in Ireland. Located in the suburb of Milltown, it was home to Shamrock Rovers from 1926 to 1987, when it was sold to property developers by the club's directors. It is now a housing estate called Glenmalure Square.

Milltown, Dublin
Milltown (Irish: Baile an Mhuilinn) is a suburb and townland on the southside of Dublin, Ireland.  Milltown was the site of several working mills on the River Dodder and is also the location of the meeting of the River Slang with the Dodder. It is located adjacent to other suburban areas such as Windy Arbour, Ranelagh, Rathmines, Dartry, Clonskeagh, and Donnybrook.
Calgary West
Calgary West was a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1953, and from 1979 to 2015. It was in the western part of the City of Calgary. The electoral district was originally created in 1914 from Calgary riding. It was abolished in 1952 with parts being transferred to Calgary North, Calgary South, Bow River and Red Deer ridings. It was re-created in 1976 from Calgary North, Calgary South, Calgary Centre, and Palliser ridings. It was abolished during the 2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution into Calgary Signal Hill (58%), Calgary Rocky Ridge (25%), and Calgary Confederation (17%).

From 1993 to 1997, Calgary West was represented by Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada from 2006 to 2015. Harper represented the nearby riding of Calgary Southwest as leader of the Opposition (from 2002) and prime minister (from 2006).

Calgary Confederation
Calgary Confederation is a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2015. It was created in 2012 from the electoral districts of Calgary Centre-North (70%), Calgary West (23%) and Calgary—Nose Hill (8%).
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU) (Bengali: মাওলানা ভাসানী বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়) is the 12th oldest public university, and second science and technology specialized PhD granting public university, in Bangladesh. It is named after Mawlana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani. The medium of instruction is English. Every year, 925 students enroll in undergraduate programs at the university, delivered by around 243 teachers. In 2024, MBSTU was the 5th ranked research university in Bangladesh according to Scopus-SCImago institution ranking.

Santosh, Bangladesh
Santosh is a place in Tangail, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Before the British reign, it was named as 'Khoshnodpur'. The place is popular for Mawlana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhasani, a great saint and famous scholar.

Mawlana Bhashani spent his last years of his life in Santosh. He established "Santosh Islamic University" there in 1974. Bhashani established many educational institutes and earning sources under the Islamic University including a primary school, girls and boys high school, college, soap industry, cotton industry. Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University was established in 1999 on the campus of Islamic University founded by Mawlana Bhashani. The Mazar Sharif of Mawlana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani (R) resides here.
Township High School District 211
Township High School District 211 is a school district located in Cook County, Illinois, and is the largest high school district in Illinois. District 211 serves the communities of Hoffman Estates, Inverness, Palatine, and Schaumburg, and portions of Arlington Heights, Elk Grove, Hanover Park, Roselle,  Rolling Meadows, Streamwood, and South Barrington in the northwest suburbs of Chicago.

Schaumburg, Illinois
Schaumburg (/ˈʃɔːmbɜːrɡ/ SHAWM-burg) is a village in Cook and DuPage counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. At the 2020 census, the population was 78,723, making Schaumburg the most populous incorporated village in the United States. Schaumburg is around 26 miles (42 km) northwest of downtown Chicago and 10 miles (16 km) northwest of O'Hare International Airport. It is part of the Golden Corridor.

Schaumburg's transition from a rural community to a suburban city began with Alfred Campanelli's first large-scale suburban-style development in 1959 and Woodfield Mall's opening in 1971. Schaumburg is bordered by Hoffman Estates and Palatine to the north, Inverness in northwest, Streamwood to the west, Hanover Park to the southwest, Roselle to the south, Elk Grove Village to the southeast, and Rolling Meadows to the northeast.
Brighton, Michigan
Brighton is a city in Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,446. Brighton forms part of the South Lyon-Howell-Brighton Urban Area. It is one of two incorporated cities in Livingston County and incorporates land that was part of Brighton, Green Oak, and Genoa townships.

Brighton High School (Brighton, Michigan)
Brighton High School is a public secondary school located in Brighton, Michigan. BHS is part of the Brighton Area School system.

The school gained national attention after being recognized by ESPN as a leader in Special Olympics in 2018.
General Teaching Council for England
The General Teaching Council for England (GTCE) was the professional body for teaching in England between 2000 and 2012. The GTC was established by the Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 which set two aims: "to contribute to improving standards of teaching and the quality of learning, and to maintain and improve standards of professional conduct among teachers, in the interests of the public". The GTC was abolished in 2012 with some of its functions being assumed by the Teaching Agency, an executive agency of the Department for Education, which in 2013 became the National College for Teaching and Leadership.

Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998
The Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 (c. 30) was enacted by the United Kingdom Parliament under the first Tony Blair government on 16 July 1998. It enabled universities to charge tuition fees, and established statutory General Teaching Councils (GTC's) for England, Wales and Northern Ireland and the modification the remit of the General Teaching Council for Scotland. The act also made provision for the new system of student loans that were introduced, and introduces paid leave from work for training towards a qualification. The passing of this act repealed the Education (Student Loans) Act 1998, and the sections relating to student finance in the Education Act 1996. The student loans system was later updated in the Higher Education Act 2004.

The Teaching and Higher Education Act is divided into four parts, which can be summarised as follows:
11th Street station (Indiana)
Michigan City/11th Street station is a train station in the central city neighborhood of Michigan City, Indiana. It serves the South Shore Line commuter rail line and is one of two active stations in Michigan City, the other being Carroll Avenue station. It is located adjacent to the location of the historic 11th Street station of the former Chicago, South Shore and South Bend Railroad station (now demolished), which operated the station from 1927 until 1987. Prior to the May 2021 closure, the station was composed of a passenger shelter and a sign on the northwest corner of East 11th Street and Pine Street; boarding and alighting was done from the street itself. A more modern station with two tracks and high-level platforms opened in October 2023.

Michigan City Transit
Michigan City Transit is a municipal bus service in Michigan City, Indiana. It was known as Michigan City Municipal Coach until 2007. The service was created in 1955, when Michigan City assumed control of bus routes operated by Michigan City Transit Lines, a private bus system. Michigan City Transit Lines, in turn, was a successor of Michigan City's streetcar system.
Totok
Totok is an Indonesian term of Javanese origin, used in Indonesia to refer to recent migrants of Arab, Chinese, or European origins. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries it was popularised among colonists in Batavia, who initially coined the term to describe the foreign born and new immigrants of "pure blood" – as opposed to people of mixed indigenous and foreign descent, such as the Peranakan Arabs, Chinese or Europeans (the latter being better known as the Indo people).

When more pure-blooded Arabs, Chinese and Dutchmen were born in the East Indies, the term gained significance in describing those of exclusive or almost exclusive foreign ancestry.

'Peranakan' is the antonym of 'Totok', the former meaning simply 'descendants' (of mixed roots), and the latter meaning 'pure'.

Chinese were divided into Thanh people (like Totok) and Minh Huong (mixed Chinese Vietnamese like Peranakan) in 1829 by Emperor Minh Mang of the Nguyen dynasty.

Arab Indonesians
Arab Indonesians (Indonesian: Orang Arab Indonesia; Arabic: عربٌ إندونيسيون), or colloquially known as Jama'ah, are Indonesians of mixed Arab, mainly Hadharem from Yemen, and Indonesian descent. The ethnic group generally also includes those of Arab descent from other Middle Eastern Arabic speaking nations. Restricted under Dutch East Indies law until 1919, the community elites later gained economic power through real estate investment and trading. Currently found mainly in Java, especially West Java and East Java, they are almost all Muslims.

The official number of Arab and part-Arab descent in Indonesia was recorded since 19th century. The census of 1870 recorded a total of 12,412 Arab Indonesians (7,495 living in Java and Madura and the rest in other islands). By 1900, the total number of Arabs citizens increased to 27,399, then 44,902 by 1920, and 71,335 by 1930.