hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dumont (TV program)
Dumont is a Canadian news television program, which launched in fall 2009 on V, and ran through 2012. Airing weekdays at 5 p.m. with the title Dumont 360 in its first season, the program moved to 10:30 p.m. and adopted the Dumont title in fall 2010, after the network cancelled its sports talk series L'Attaque à 5.

Hosted by Mario Dumont, a former politician, the show was a news and interview series. The series was produced by La Presse Télé, the television production arm of Montreal newspaper La Presse. It ended its run on V in 2012, after Dumont left the network to join LCN, although Dumont remains the title of his LCN series as of 2016.

L'Attaque à 5
L'Attaque à 5 is a Canadian sports television series, which aired weeknights at 10:00 p.m. on V.

Hosted by Jean Pagé, with Evelyne Audet, the series airs sports news and discussion. The series previously aired with the title 110%, adopting its present title concurrently with the network's rebranding from TQS to V in August 2009.

On May 14, 2010 Tony Marinaro of Team 990 announced that V would not be renewing their contract with the show and their last episode would be aired sometime in late May. The program's time slot was taken over by the news series Dumont in fall 2010.
Olmsted Brothers
The Olmsted Brothers company was a landscape architectural firm in the United States, established in 1898 by brothers John Charles Olmsted (1852–1920) and Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. (1870–1957), sons of the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted.

John Charles Olmsted
John Charles Olmsted (September 14, 1852 – February 24, 1920) was an American landscape architect. The nephew and adopted son of Frederick Law Olmsted, he worked with his father and his younger half-brother, Frederick Law Olmsted Jr., in their father's firm. After their father retired, the brothers took over leadership and founded Olmsted Brothers as a landscape design firm. The firm became well known for designing many urban parks, college campuses, and other public places. John Olmsted's body of work from over 40 years as a landscape architect has left its mark on the American urban landscape.
Alexandra Park, Auckland
Alexandra Park is a racecourse in the suburb of Epsom in Auckland, New Zealand. It is the home of the Auckland Trotting Club . The park consists of the Alexandra Park Raceway trotting track, conference centre and a high-end urban village currently under construction. Alexandra Park hosts many feature harness races throughout the year, including the Auckland Trotting Cup and the Rowe Cup, and is the home of the New Zealand Trotting Hall of Fame and museum.

Rowe Cup
The Rowe Cup is a race held annually at Alexandra Park, Auckland, New Zealand for standardbred horses.

The Rowe Cup is run over a distance of 3200 m. Along with the Dominion Handicap raced at Addington Raceway it is one of the major harness races for trotters rather than pacers.

The Rowe Cup is currently held in early May on the same night as the Roy Purdon Memorial Handicap (Group 1) for pacers. Previously it was held later in May on the same night as the Auckland Cup and Northern Trotting Derby for 3 year old trotters. In 2024 Australian visitors Greg Sugars and Jess Tubbs won both Cups with Just Believe and Better Eclipse.

Between 1918 and 1971 it was raced in December.
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park (/ˈænzə bəˈreɪɡoʊ/, AN-zə bə-RAY-goh) is a California State Park located within the Colorado Desert of Southern California, United States. Created in 1932, the park takes its name from 18th century Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza and borrego, a Spanish word for sheep. With 650,000 acres (260,000 ha) that includes one-fifth of San Diego County, it is the largest state park in California and the third largest state park nationally.

The park occupies eastern San Diego County and reaches into Imperial and Riverside counties, enveloping two communities: Borrego Springs, which is home to the park's headquarters, and Shelter Valley.

Desert bighorn sheep
The desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) is a subspecies of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) that is native to the deserts of the United States' intermountain west and southwestern regions, as well as northwestern Mexico. The Bureau of Land Management considered the subspecies "sensitive" to extinction.

The trinomial of this species commemorates the American naturalist Edward William Nelson (1855–1934). The characteristics and behavior of the desert bighorn sheep generally follow those of other bighorn sheep, except for adaptation to the lack of water in the desert. They can go for extended periods of time without drinking water.

The desert bighorn sheep is the state mammal of Nevada. It is also the mascot of the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Kladruber
The Kladruber (Czech Starokladrubský kůň) is the oldest Czech horse breed and one of the world's oldest horse breeds. It is considered very rare.  The chief breeder and the keeper of the studbook is the National Stud at Kladruby nad Labem in the Czech Republic where Kladrubers have been bred for more than 400 years. Kladrubers have always been bred to be a galakarossier – a heavy type of carriage horse for the court of the House of Habsburg.

Heavy warmblood
The heavy warmbloods (German: Schwere Warmblüter) are a group of horse breeds primarily from continental Europe. The title includes the Ostfriesen ("East Friesian") and Alt-Oldenburger ("Old-Oldenburger"), Groningen, and similar horses from Silesia, Saxony-Thuringia, and Bavaria. Breeds like the Hungarian Nonius, Kladruber, and Cleveland Bay are also often classed as "heavy warmbloods." They are the ancestors of the modern warmbloods, and are typically bred by preservation groups to fit the pre-World War I model of the all-purpose utility horse. Unlike the registries of the sport horses that followed them, many heavy warmblood registries maintain closed or partly closed studbooks. However, external evaluation and performance testing of the breeding stock is still a key element in these registries. Many of the heavy warmbloods are selected primarily for family-friendly temperaments.
St. Philip's Castle
St. Philip's Castle (Catalan:Castell de Sant Felip, Spanish: Castillo de San Felipe, often known as Fort St Phillip) was a fortress guarding the entrance to the port of Mahón. It is located in the municipality of Es Castell, on the island of Menorca.

It was rebuilt by British forces in the 1760s, around an earlier Spanish fort, the Castell de Sant Felip, which had been established about 1554. It is best known for its unsuccessful defence on two occasions by the British: during the Siege of Fort St Philip (1756) and the Invasion of Minorca, 1781. Following the latter event, the castle was partly demolished.

Siege of Fort St Philip (1756)
The siege of Fort St Philip, also known as the siege of Minorca, took place from 20 April to 29 June 1756 during the Seven Years' War. Ceded to Great Britain in 1714 by Spain following the War of the Spanish Succession, its capture by France threatened the British naval position in the Western Mediterranean and it was returned after the Treaty of Paris (1763).
Ragnall
Ragnall is a village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England. At the time of the 2001 census it had a population of 102, increasing to 146 at the 2011 census (with Fledborough), and falling to 88 for the 2021 census. It is located on the A57 road one mile west of the River Trent. The parish church of St Leonard was extensively rebuilt in 1864–67. Ragnall Hall at the south end of the village is a 19th-century replacement of an early 17th-century hall, the main parts of the earlier hall surviving as barns.

The village is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Ragenehil. The name is derived from two elements: one is the Old Scandinavian personal name Ragni; the other element is the Old English hyll, meaning "hill". Thus, Ragenehil represents "Hill of a man called Ragni".

The hamlet of Fledborough is one mile south of Ragnall. The church of St Gregory at Fledborough has some 14th-century stained glass in the east window of the north aisle, restored in 1852–57.

A57 road
The A57 is a major road in England.  It runs east from Liverpool to Lincoln via Warrington, Salford and Manchester, and then through the Pennines over the Snake Pass (between the high moorlands of Bleaklow and Kinder Scout), around the Ladybower Reservoir, through Sheffield and past Worksop. Between Liverpool and Glossop, the road has largely been superseded by the M62, M602 and M67 motorways. Within Manchester a short stretch becomes the Mancunian Way, designated A57(M).
International Organization for Mycoplasmology
The International Organisation for Mycoplasmology (IOM) is a non-profit making organisation founded in 1976. It promotes the study of mycoplasmas (mollicutes), bacteria without a cell wall, and the diseases associated with them.

Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that, like the other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall (peptidoglycan) around their cell membrane. The absence of peptidoglycan makes them naturally resistant to antibiotics such as the beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic.

In casual speech, the name "mycoplasma" (plural mycoplasmas or mycoplasms) generally refers to all members of the class Mollicutes. In formal scientific classification, the designation Mycoplasma refers exclusively to the genus, a member of the Mycoplasmataceae, the only family in the order Mycoplasmatales (see "scientific classification"). In 2018, Mycoplasma was split with many clinically significant species moved to other genera in Mollicutes; see the page Mollicutes for an overview.
PurifyPlus
PurifyPlus is a memory debugger program used by software developers to detect memory access errors in programs, especially those written in C or C++. It was originally written by Reed Hastings of Pure Software.  Pure Software later merged with Atria Software to form Pure Atria Software, which in turn was later acquired by Rational Software, which in turn was acquired by IBM, and then divested to UNICOM Systems, Inc. on Dec 31, 2014. It is functionally similar to other memory debuggers, such as Insure++, Valgrind and  BoundsChecker.

Memory leak
In computer science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations in a way that memory which is no longer needed is not released. A memory leak may also happen when an object is stored in memory but cannot be accessed by the running code (i.e. unreachable memory). A memory leak has symptoms similar to a number of other problems and generally can only be diagnosed by a programmer with access to the program's source code.

A related concept is the "space leak", which is when a program consumes excessive memory but does eventually release it.

Because they can exhaust available system memory as an application runs, memory leaks are often the cause of or a contributing factor to software aging.
Ronneby Bloodbath
Ronneby Bloodbath (Swedish: Ronneby blodbad) was a massacre conducted by the Swedish army in the then-Danish city of Ronneby in Blekinge during the Northern Seven Years' War on Monday, September 4th 1564.

Northern Seven Years' War
The Northern Seven Years' War (also known as the Nordic Seven Years' War, the First Northern War, the Seven Years' War of the North or the Seven Years War in Scandinavia) was fought between the Kingdom of Sweden and a coalition of Denmark–Norway, Lübeck, and Poland–Lithuania between 1563 and 1570. The war was motivated by the dissatisfaction of King Frederick II of Denmark with the dissolution of the Kalmar Union, and the will of King Eric XIV of Sweden to break Denmark's dominating position. The fighting continued until both armies had been exhausted, and many men died. The resulting Treaty of Stettin was a stalemate, with neither party gaining any new territory.
Manombo
For the town in Atsimo-Andrefana Region in Madagascar, see Manombo Sud

Manombo is a village of the commune of Nosifeno in the district of Midongy-Atsimo in the region of Atsimo-Atsinanana in south-eastern Madagascar. It is also the name of a nearby river that flows along a semi-arid areas with many coastal dunes.

Nosifeno
Nosifeno (former name: Midongy Sud)is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Midongy-Atsimo, which is a part of Atsimo-Atsinanana Region. There are 3881 inscribed voters in this commune. It is located at the Itomampy river.
From the coast and Vangaindrano it can be reached by the unpaved, secondary road T18 of 94 km in very bad state of conservation.

To this commune belong also the villages of:

Amboniasy

Ankarinoro, Nosifeno

Beharena, Nosifeno

Bekofafa

Manombo

Maroangaty

Milahila

Morondava, Nosifeno

Nanarena

Vohimanoro
Josh Neufeld
Josh Neufeld (born August 9, 1967) is an alternative cartoonist known for his comics journalism work on subjects like graphic medicine, equity, and technology; as well as his collaborations with writers like Harvey Pekar and Brooke Gladstone. He is the writer/artist of A.D.: New Orleans After the Deluge, and the illustrator of The Influencing Machine: Brooke Gladstone on the Media.

Martha Rosler
Martha Rosler (born 1943) is an American artist. She is a conceptual artist who works in photography and photo text, video, installation, sculpture, site-specific and performance, as well as writing about art and culture. Rosler's work is centered on everyday life and the public sphere, often with an eye to women's experience. Recurrent concerns are the media and war, as well as architecture and the built environment, from housing and homelessness to places of passage and systems of transport.
Short 360
The Short 360 (also SD3-60; also Shorts 360) is a commuter aircraft that was built by UK manufacturer Short Brothers during the 1980s. The Short 360 seats up to 39 passengers and was introduced into service in November 1982. It is a larger version of the Short 330.

Crown Airways
Crown Airways was a regional airline operating for USAir Express (Then US Airways Express) with its headquarters on the grounds of DuBois Regional Airport in Washington Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, near Falls Creek. Allegheny Commuter was the brand name for the regional affiliate of Allegheny Airlines, under which a number of individually owned commuter air carriers operate short and medium haul routes. The airline is often credited as the first code-share agreement between a major airline and smaller commuters.
Triptane
Triptane, or 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C7H16 or (H3C-)3C-C(-CH3)2H. It is therefore an alkane, specifically the most compact and heavily branched of the heptane isomers, the only one with a butane (C4) backbone.

It was first synthesized in 1922 by Belgian chemists Georges Chavanne (1875–1941) and B. Lejeune, who called it trimethylisopropylmethane.

Due to its high octane rating (112–113 RON, 101 MON) triptane was produced on alkylation units starting from 1943 for use as an anti-knock additive in gasoline. It was extensively researched for this role and received the modern name in the late 1930s at a joint laboratory of NACA, National Bureau of Standards, US Army Air Corps and the Bureau of Aeronautics.

As of 2011, it was not a significant component of US automobile gasoline, present only in trace amounts (0.05–0.1%).

Heptane
Heptane or n-heptane is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula H3C(CH2)5CH3 or C7H16. When used as a test fuel component in anti-knock test engines, a 100% heptane fuel is the zero point of the octane rating scale (the 100 point is 100% iso-octane). Octane number equates to the anti-knock qualities of a comparison mixture of heptane and iso-octane which is expressed as the percentage of iso-octane in heptane, and is listed on pumps for gasoline (petrol) dispensed globally.
Rhex
RHex is an autonomous robot design, based on hexapod with compliant legs and one actuator per leg. A number of US universities have participated, with funding grants also coming from DARPA.

Versions have shown good mobility over a wide range of terrain types at speeds exceeding five body lengths per second (2.7 m/s), climbed slopes exceeding 45 degrees, swims, and climbs stairs.

Hexapod (robotics)
A hexapod robot is a mechanical vehicle that walks on six legs.  Since a robot can be statically stable on three or more legs, a hexapod robot has a great deal of flexibility in how it can move.  If legs become disabled, the robot may still be able to walk.  Furthermore, not all of the robot's legs are needed for stability; other legs are free to reach new foot placements or manipulate a payload.

Many hexapod robots are biologically inspired by Hexapoda locomotion – the insectoid robots.  Hexapods may be used to test biological theories about insect locomotion, motor control, and neurobiology.
LNER Class A4 4464 Bittern
4464 Bittern is a London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Class A4 steam locomotive. Built for the LNER and completed on 18 December 1937 at Doncaster Works as works number 1866, it received number 4464. After that it was renumbered 19 on 16 August 1946 under the LNER 1946 renumbering scheme, and finally 60019 by British Railways on 10 October 1948, after nationalisation. Of the 35 strong class, it is one of six to survive into preservation but it is one of only two currently scheduled to be certified for mainline use.

In preservation, the locomotive has also worn the identities of a number of its scrapped classmates, including the first of the A4 class 2509 Silver Link and most recently as 4492 Dominion of New Zealand.

LNER Class A4
The LNER Class A4 is a class of streamlined 4-6-2 steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley for the London and North Eastern Railway in 1935. Their streamlined design gave them high-speed capability as well as making them instantly recognisable, and one of the class, 4468 Mallard, holds the record as the world's fastest steam locomotive. Thirty-five of the class were built to haul express passenger trains on the East Coast Main Line route from London King's Cross via York to Newcastle, and later via Newcastle to Edinburgh. They remained in service on the East Coast Main Line until the early 1960s when they were replaced by Deltic diesel locomotives; they themselves proving to be worthy successors to the A4s. Several A4s saw out their remaining days until 1966 in Scotland, particularly on the Aberdeen – Glasgow express trains, for which they were used to improve the timing from 3.5 to 3 hours.
Chikhale railway station
Chikhale railway station is a station on the Panvel-Karjat Railway Corridor in Maharashtra, India. The preceding station on the line is Poyanje railway station and the next station is Panvel railway station.

Panvel-Karjat Railway Corridor
Panvel-Karjat Railway Corridor is a suburban railway infrastructure project under the Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP-III). It was designed to enhance railway connectivity between Panvel and Karjat in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The 29.6 km corridor is currently being developed by the Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation (MRVC) and is expected to reduce travel time while easing congestion on existing railway routes. The project is part of an effort to expand the Mumbai Suburban Railway network and improve commuter transport between Mumbai and its extended suburbs.
Prometheism
Prometheism or Prometheanism (Polish: Prometeizm) was a political project initiated by Józef Piłsudski, a principal statesman of the Second Polish Republic from 1918 to 1935. Its aim was to weaken the Russian Empire and then the Soviet Union, by supporting nationalist independence movements among the major non-Russian peoples that lived within the borders of Russia and the Soviet Union.

Between the World Wars, Prometheism and Piłsudski's other concept, that of an "Intermarium federation", constituted two complementary geopolitical strategies for him and for some of his political heirs.

Tadeusz Hołówko
Tadeusz Ludwik Hołówko (September 17, 1889 – August 29, 1931), codename Kirgiz, was an interwar Polish politician, diplomat and author of many articles and books.

He was most notable for his moderate stance on the "Ukrainian problem" faced by the Polish government, which due to its nationalist policies in Poland's largely Ukrainian- and Belarusian-populated eastern territories, faced increasing tensions there. Despite, or perhaps because of, being a relative moderate in  policies toward the Ukrainian population, and a supporter of peaceful cooperation, he was assassinated in 1931 by two members of the radical Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists.
Leucocybe
Leucocybe is a small mushroom genus, consisting of 3 named species that were formerly placed in the genus Clitocybe, which they resemble in overall appearance and morphology. They occur in woodlands growing on tree litter or disturbed ground.

Clitocybe
Clitocybe is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus.

Clitocybe means sloping head.

A few members of the genus are considered edible; many others are poisonous, containing the toxin muscarine among others. Distinguishing individual species of Clitocybe is generally prohibitively difficult to non-experts, requiring the analysis of microscopic characters.  Therefore, with the exception of a few charismatic and readily identified members, Clitocybe mushrooms are rarely collected for consumption.
Crassispira bottae
Crassispira bottae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae.

ITIS considers this species a synonym of Crassispira incrassata (Sowerby I, 1834)  McLean confirmed that Pleurotoma bottae was a synonym of Crassispira incrassata  The radula and the morphology was studied by Kantor et al. in 1997

Crassispira incrassata
Crassispira incrassata is a species of predatory sea snail in the family Pseudomelatomidae. This species is endemic to the Sea of Cortez, ranging from  Western Mexico to Ecuador in intertidal zones. First described in 1834 by George Brettingham Sowerby I,  C. incrassata was reclassified by William Swainson as the holotype specimen for the Crassispira genus, but its current taxonomic rank is unclear. The shell has a dark colored, coiled pattern covered in black periostracum.
Investment AB Latour
Investment AB Latour is the investment company that was controlled by the Swedish businessman and billionaire Gustaf Douglas and his family. Gustaf Douglas died on 3 May 2023.

Through the company, Gustaf Douglas controlled inter alia, security firm Securitas AB and the world-leading lock producer Assa Abloy. Latour is also the biggest shareholder of the world's largest RVM provider Tomra (with 21.08% of the stock as of July 2021).

Gustaf Douglas' wife and one of his sons currently serve on the company board.

Securitas AB
Securitas AB is a Swedish group devoted to security services, such as security guarding, mobile patrolling, monitoring, investigation and related consulting services. The group is headquartered in Stockholm and had over 336,000 employees in 44 markets worldwide as of 2024. Securitas AB is listed at Nasdaq OMX Stockholm in the Large Cap segment.

Securitas AB owns and operates the Swiss security company Protectas AG in Switzerland, where there is a pre-existing, separate security company called Securitas AG, part of the Swiss Securitas Group.

Since 1999, Securitas AB has been the parent company of Pinkerton, a historically significant American detective agency.