hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aqueduct of Vanvitelli
The Aqueduct of Vanvitelli or Caroline Aqueduct (Italian: Acquedotto Carolino) is a 38-kilometre (24 mi) aqueduct that supplied water to the Reggia di Caserta and the San Leucio complex from the foot of the Taburno massif and springs of the Fizzo Contrada, in the territory of Bucciano.

Mostly underground, the aqueduct is noted for its well-preserved, three-tier, 529-metre-long (1,736 ft) tufa-arched section bridging the Valle di Maddaloni between Monte Longano (to the east) and Monte Garzano (to the west). This section was modelled after Roman arched aqueducts, is 55.8 metres (183 ft) high at its highest point, crosses what is now highway SP335 — and was designated a World Heritage Site in 1997.

Commissioned by Charles of Bourbon, the aqueduct was designed by and named after Luigi Vanvitelli. Construction began in March 1753 and it opened on 7 May 1762. It is located in SS265, 81020 Valle di Maddaloni CE, Italy.

San Leucio
San Leucio is a frazione of the comune of Caserta, in the region of Campania in southern Italy. It is most notable for a resort developed around an old silk factory, named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

It is located 3.5 km northwest of Caserta, at 145 m above sea level.
Sturgeon Weir 184F
Sturgeon Weir 184F is an Indian reserve of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation in Saskatchewan. It is adjacent to Sturgeon Weir 205 and about 55 kilometres (34 mi) south-east of Flin Flon. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 81 living in 20 of its 26 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 51 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community.

Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation
The Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation (Rocky Cree: ᐊᓯᓃᐢᑳᐏᑎᓂᐘᐠ, Asinîskâwitiniwak) is a Woodland Cree First Nation in northern Saskatchewan consisting of eight communities: Denare Beach (Amisk Lake), Deschambault Lake, Kinoosao, Pelican Narrows, Prince Albert (Kiskaciwan), Sandy Bay, Southend and Sturgeon Landing. The administrative centre of Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation is Pelican Narrows and the centralized government of the First Nation is located in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.
Tubuloglomerular feedback
In the physiology of the kidney, tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) is a feedback system inside the kidneys. Within each nephron, information from the renal tubules (a downstream area of the tubular fluid) is signaled to the glomerulus (an upstream area). Tubuloglomerular feedback is one of several mechanisms the kidney uses to regulate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). It involves the concept of purinergic signaling, in which an increased distal tubular sodium chloride concentration causes a basolateral release of adenosine from the macula densa cells. This initiates a cascade of events that ultimately brings GFR to an appropriate level.

Na–K–Cl cotransporter
The Na–K–Cl cotransporter (NKCC) is a transport protein that aids in the secondary active transport of sodium, potassium, and chloride into cells. In humans there are two isoforms of this membrane transport protein, NKCC1 and NKCC2, encoded by two different genes (SLC12A2 and SLC12A1 respectively). Two isoforms of the NKCC1/Slc12a2 gene result from keeping (isoform 1) or skipping (isoform 2) exon 21 in the final gene product.

NKCC1 is widely distributed throughout the human body; it has important functions in organs that secrete fluids. In contrast, NKCC2 is found specifically in the kidney, where it extracts sodium, potassium, and chloride from the urine so they can be reabsorbed into the blood.
Changunarayan
Changunarayan (Nepali: चाँगुनारायण) is a municipality in Bhaktapur District in the Bagmati Province of Nepal and is part of the urban agglomeration of the Kathmandu Valley. The municipality was created through the merger of the former Village development committees: Old-Changunarayan, Chhaling, Duwakot, and Jhaukhel in 2014. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, the predecessors of  Changunarayan Municipality had a population of 55,430. In 2017, the municipality of Mahamanjushree Nagarkot was merged into Changunarayan. The municipality is also home to the UNESCO World Heritage Site Changu Narayan temple.

Jhaukhel
Jhaukhel (Nepali: झौखेल) is a town and former village development committee that is now part of Changunarayan Municipality in Province No. 3 of central Nepal. This is one of the oldest places in Bhaktapur. As of 2012, the population was 16,918. Most people in this area are engaged in agriculture. About 80% of the inhabitants are Newar people. The remaining 20% includes the population of Chettri, Brahmin, Magar, Tamang, and many more.
Minister of Public Works, Posts and Telegraphs
The Minister of Public Works, Posts and Telegraphs (French: Ministre des Travaux publics, des Postes et des Télégraphes) in the French cabinet was responsible from 25 October 1906 to 22 March 1913 for a combined portfolio formerly divided between the Minister of Public Works and the Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones.
On 22 March 1913 in the cabinet of Louis Barthou responsibility was divided between the Minister of Public Works and the Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs.

Minister of Public Works (France)
The Minister of Public Works (French: Ministre de l'Equipement) was a cabinet member in the Government of France.  Formerly known as "Ministre des Travaux Publics" (1830–1870), in 1870, it was largely subsumed by the position of Minister of Transportation.  Since the 1960s, the positions of Minister of Public Works has reappeared, often linked with Minister of Housing ("Logement").  It has also been linked to Minister of Transportation, Minister of Tourism, Minister of Territorial Development ("Aménagement du territoire") and Minister of the Sea.
Oak Lawn (Charlottesville, Virginia)
Oak Lawn is a historic home located at Charlottesville, Virginia. The brick dwelling was built in 1822, and consists of a two-story, four-bay, main block flanked by one-story, two-bay wings. The central section has a front gable roof and one-story porch with a flat roof supported by four Tuscan order columns and topped by a second story balcony. Exterior chimneys arise between the main block and each of the wings. Also on the property are a contributing kitchen (1822) and two cemeteries. It was built by James Dinsmore, a Scots-Irish builder who worked for Thomas Jefferson.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. It is located in the Fifeville and Tonsler Neighborhoods Historic District.

Fifeville and Tonsler Neighborhoods Historic District
Fifeville and Tonsler Neighborhood Historic District is a national historic district located at Charlottesville, Virginia. The district encompasses 264 contributing buildings and 3 contributing sites in a predominantly African-American residential section of the city of Charlottesville. It was developed between 1890 and the 1930s and includes examples of the Bungalow and Gothic Revival styles. The oldest is dated to 1822.  Located in the district are the separately listed Oak Lawn, Benjamin Tonsler House, Delevan Baptist Church, and Gardner-Mays Cottage.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
Anyamaru Tantei Kiruminzuu
Animal Detective Kiruminzoo (あにゃまる探偵 キルミンずぅ, Anyamal Tantei Kiruminzoo or Anyamaru Tantei Kiruminzuu) is a Japanese magical comedy anime series created by Shōji Kawamori; it is Kawamori's first shōjo title. The series premiered in Japan on TV Tokyo on October 5, 2009. A manga spinoff is serialized in Shueisha's shōjo magazine Ribon.

Shōji Kawamori
Shōji Kawamori (河森 正治, Kawamori Shōji; born February 20, 1960) is a Japanese animation creator and producer, screenwriter, visual artist, and mecha designer. He is best known for creating the Macross mecha animated franchise and the Diaclone toyline, which were in turn the basis for the Robotech and Transformers franchises, respectively. He is also known for creating The Vision of Escaflowne anime series. He pioneered several innovative concepts in his works, such as transforming mecha (including the VF-1 Valkyrie in Macross and Optimus Prime in Transformers) and virtual idols (including Lynn Minmay and Sharon Apple in the Macross franchise). His work has had a significant impact on popular culture, both in Japan and internationally.
Deborah Bonham
Deborah Bonham (born 7 February 1962) is an English rock and blues singer and the sister of John Bonham, the late drummer for the band Led Zeppelin.  Born in Redditch, Worcestershire, she lived with her father in The Old Hyde farm, Cutnall Green (the location where John Bonham's fantasy sequence was filmed for The Song Remains the Same).  While living there, she started playing and recording music with her nephew Jason Bonham who has played drums on her two most recent studio releases.

Jason Bonham
Jason John Bonham (born 15 July 1966) is an English drummer. He is the son of Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham. Since his father's death in September 1980, he has performed with the surviving three members of Led Zeppelin on several occasions, including the Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert at The O2 Arena in London in December 2007. He has also done extensive work as a session musician, led the group Bonham in the 1980s and '90s, and is a member of the supergroup Black Country Communion.
Wei Tao-ming
Wei Tao-ming (Chinese: 魏道明; pinyin: Wèi Dàomíng; Wade–Giles: Wei4 Tao4-ming2; October 28, 1899 – May 18, 1978) was a Chinese diplomat and public servant. He was the Republic of China's Ambassador to the United States during the Second World War and foreign minister during the years when the People's Republic of China sought to oust the ROC from the United Nations. He was also civilian Governor of Taiwan Province (1947–1949), replacing Governor General Chen Yi.

Wei enlisted USA help to support Taiwan and oppose the Chinese communists.

Chen Yi (Kuomintang)
Chen Yi (Chinese: 陳儀; pinyin: Chén Yí; courtesy names Gongxia (公俠) and later Gongqia (公洽), sobriquet Tuisu (退素); May 3, 1883 – June 18, 1950) was a Chinese military officer and politician who served as the chief executive and garrison commander of Taiwan Province after the Empire of Japan surrendered to the Republic of China. He acted on behalf of the Allied Powers to accept the Japanese Instrument of Surrender in Taipei Zhongshan Hall on October 25, 1945. He is considered to have mismanaged the tension between the Taiwanese and Mainland Chinese which resulted in the February 28 Incident in 1947, resulting in the deaths of 18,000 to 28,000 people, and was dismissed. In June 1948, he was appointed Chairman of Zhejiang Province, but was dismissed and arrested when his plan to surrender to the Chinese Communist Party was discovered. He was sentenced to death and executed by shooting in Taipei in 1950.
Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1991
Switzerland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1991 with the song "Canzone per te", written by Renato Mascetti, and performed by Sandra Simó. The Swiss participating broadcaster, the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SRG SSR), selected its entry through a national final.

Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1990
Switzerland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1990 with the song "Musik klingt in die welt hinaus", written by Cornelia Lackner, and performed by Egon Egemann. The Swiss participating broadcaster, the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SRG SSR), selected its entry through a national final.
Home Rule Party (Iceland)
The Home Rule Party (Icelandic: Heimastjórnarflokkurinn) was a political party in Iceland between 1900 and 1923. Alongside the Independence Party, it was one of two dominant parties in the country in the early 20th century. Its leader was Hannes Hafstein.

Independence Party (Iceland, historical)
The Independence Party (Icelandic: Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn) was a political party in Iceland between 1907 and 1927. Along with the Home Rule Party, it was one of the dominant parties in the country during the early 20th century.
Richard Jones (bishop)
Christianity portal

Richard William Jones was an eminent Welsh Anglican priest.

He was educated at the University of Wales and St. Michael's College, Llandaff and ordained in 1904. After curacies in Aberdare and Cutcombe, he held incumbencies in Oystermouth, Gorseinon (Vicar of St Catherine's, 1914–18), Llangynidr (Rector, 1919–25), Bishopston (Rector, 1925–27), Neath with LLantwit (Rector, 1936–38) and Peterston-super-Ely (Rector, 1938 – his death). He was also Diocesan Missioner for Llandaff (1927–36), an honorary canon of Llandaff Cathedral (1929–35), a canon of Llandaff (1935–38), Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1938, and an Assistant Bishop to the Archbishop of Wales from 1946. He was consecrated into bishop's orders on the Feast of St Peter (29 June 1946) at St Davids Cathedral.

He died on 2 June 1953 at Peterston.

Archdeacon of Llandaff
The Archdeacon of Llandaff is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church in Wales Diocese of Llandaff. The archdeacon is the senior priest with responsibility over the area of the archdeaconry of Llandaff, one of two archdeaconries in the diocese (the other is Margam). The archdeaconry of Llandaff currently consists of two large deaneries: Cardiff, and Eglwysilan.
Chiusi della Verna
Chiusi della Verna is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of Florence and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Arezzo. It is in the Casentino traditional region.

Chiusi della Verna borders the following municipalities: Bagno di Romagna, Bibbiena, Caprese Michelangelo, Castel Focognano, Chitignano, Pieve Santo Stefano, Poppi, Subbiano, Verghereto.

In the frazione La Verna is the famous Sanctuary of St. Francis.

Bibbiena
Bibbiena (Italian pronunciation: [bibˈbjɛːna]) is a town and comune in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany (Italy), the largest town in the valley of Casentino. It is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Florence, 30 kilometres (19 mi) from Arezzo, 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Siena, and 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the Sanctuary of La Verna. There are approximately 11,833 inhabitants

The town is on top of a hill at an elevation of 425 metres (1,394 ft).
Yaquina Head
Yaquina Head (/jəˈkwɪnə/ yə-KWIN-ə) is a headland extending into the Pacific Ocean north of Newport, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is the site of the Yaquina Head Light, and is managed as Yaquina Head Outstanding Natural Area by the Bureau of Land Management. It is part of the National Landscape Conservation System, commonly known as the National Conservation Lands.

The United States Congress named the 95-acre (38 ha) headland an Outstanding Natural Area in 1980. The area's average elevation is 108 feet (33 m) above sea level. The headland is along U.S. Route 101, and is about 55 miles (89 km) west of Corvallis.

Possible activities include hiking the area's five trails, each shorter than 0.5 miles (0.8 km), near the ocean or through forests of Douglas fir and Sitka spruce. Other attractions include whale-watching, bird-watching, visiting the site's interpretive center, and touring the lighthouse.

Ancient lava flows formed Yaquina Head.

Newport, Oregon
Newport is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Oregon, United States. It was incorporated in 1882 with the name dating back to the establishment of a post office in 1868. Newport was named for Newport, Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 10,256.

It is also home of the Oregon Coast Aquarium, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Nye Beach, Yaquina Head Light, Yaquina Bay Light, Newport Sea Lion Docks, Pacific Maritime Heritage Center, and the former Rogue Ales. The city is the western terminus of U.S. Route 20, a cross-country highway that originates in Boston and is the longest road in the United States.
Ballymena railway station
Ballymena railway station serves the town of Ballymena in County Antrim, Northern Ireland.  It is located just outside Ballymena town centre on the Galgorm Road, and is integrated with the local bus station.  It is situated on the Derry line between Antrim and Cullybackey.  The station is operated by Northern Ireland Railways.

Ballymena
Ballymena (/ˌbæliˈmiːnə/ BAL-ee-MEE-nə; from Irish: an Baile Meánach [ənˠ ˌbˠalʲə ˈmʲaːn̪ˠəx]ⓘ, meaning 'the middle townland') is a town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It had a population of 31,205 people at the 2021 United Kingdom census, making it the seventh largest town in Northern Ireland by population. It is part of the Borough of Mid and East Antrim.

The town was built on the Braid River, on land given to the Adair family by King Charles I in 1626, with a right to hold two annual fairs and a Saturday market in perpetuity. Surrounding villages are Cullybackey, Ahoghill, Broughshane, and Kells-Connor.
Ministry of Women's Affairs (Afghanistan)
The Afghan Ministry of Women's Affairs (MOWA) (Dari: وزارت امور زنان, Pashto: د ښځو چارو وزارت) was a ministry in the Afghan government which was established in late 2001 by the Afghan Interim Administration.

MOWA was the lead agency for promoting women's rights and advancement in Afghanistan. MOWA had a major shift in its strategy from welfare oriented, direct implementing approach to a policy influencing body by 2002.

The last minister of Women's Affairs, appointed in 2015, was Delbar Nazari.

With the announcement by the newly established Taliban government of the Cabinet of Afghanistan on 7 September 2021, the Ministry of Women's Affairs was dissolved and was replaced by the Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice.

Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Afghanistan)
The Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Pashto: د امربالمعروف، نهی عن المنکر او شکایتونو اورېدلو وزارت; Dari: وزارت امر بالمعروف، نهی عن المنکر وسمع شکایات) is the state agency in charge of implementing Islamic law in the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan as defined by the Taliban. It was first instituted in 1992 by the Rabbani government of the Islamic State of Afghanistan and adopted in 1996 by the Taliban government of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan of 1996–2001. The ministry was restored in the reinstated Islamic Emirate in September 2021 after the August fall of Kabul.
Little Falls, Maine
Little Falls is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Gorham in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population of the CDP was 708 at the 2010 census. Prior to 2010, Little Falls was part of the Little Falls-South Windham census-designated place.

It is part of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Cumberland County, Maine
Cumberland County is a county in the U.S. state of Maine. As of the 2020 census, the population was 303,069, making it the most populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Portland. Cumberland County was founded in 1760 from a portion of York County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, and named for William, Duke of Cumberland, a son of King George II. Cumberland County has the deepest and second-largest body of water in the state, Sebago Lake, which supplies tap water to most of the county. The county is the state's economic and industrial center, having the resources of the Port of Portland, the Maine Mall, and having corporate headquarters of major companies such as onsemi, IDEXX Laboratories, Unum, and TD Bank. Cumberland County is part of the Portland–South Portland, ME Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Rødven Church
Rødven Church (Norwegian: Rødven kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Rødven. It is one of the churches for the Eid og Holm parish which is part of the Indre Romsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The red, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1907 using plans drawn up by the architect Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland from Bergen. The church seats about 120 people.

Rødven
Rødven is a village in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located along the Rødvenfjorden, just south of where the fjord empties into Langfjorden. The village of Eidsbygda lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Rødven. The village is notable for the 12th century Rødven Stave Church. The church is now a museum and the much newer Rødven Church sits across the road from the historic stave church.
Slottslejonen
59°19′38.3″N 18°04′15.9″E﻿ / ﻿59.327306°N 18.071083°E﻿ / 59.327306; 18.071083

Slottslejonen ("The Castle Lions") are two bronze sculptures of lions that stand on Lejonbacken ("the Lion Slope") below the northern facade of Stockholm Palace in Stockholm, Sweden.

The lions are not completely identical or merely mirror images: they have their heads turned east and west respectively (i.e., away from each other) and both gaze northwards, but both rest their left paw on a globe. The sculptures measure 1.7 × 2.7 × 1.0 meters, and the granite pedestals measure 1.9 × 2.7 × 1.2 meters.

Medici lions
The Medici lions are a pair of marble sculptures of lions: one of which is Roman, dating to the 2nd century AD, and the other a 16th-century pendant. By 1598 both were placed at the Villa Medici, Rome.  Since 1789 they have been displayed at the Loggia dei Lanzi in Florence. The sculptures depict standing male lions with a sphere or ball under one paw, looking to the side.

Copies of the Medici lions have been made and publicly installed in over 30 other locations, and smaller versions made in a variety of media. Medici lion has become a term for this sculptural type.

A similar Roman lion sculpture, of the 1st century AD, is known as the Albani lion, and is now in the Louvre.  Here, the stone used for the ball is different from the basalt body. Both may derive from a Hellenistic original.
Nxuba
Nxuba, formerly Cradock, is a town in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, in the upper valley of the Great Fish River, 250 kilometres (160 mi) by road northeast of Gqeberha. The town is the administrative seat of the Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality in the Chris Hani District of the Eastern Cape.

The town is originally named after John Cradock, governor of the Cape Colony in early 19th century and commander of the forces.

Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality
Inxuba Yethemba Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala wase Inxuba Yethemba; Afrikaans: Inxuba Yethemba Munisipaliteit), formerly known as Cradock Municipality, is a local municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is Cradock.
Special abelian subgroup
In mathematical group theory, a subgroup of a group is termed a special abelian subgroup or SA-subgroup if the centralizer of any nonidentity element in the subgroup is precisely the subgroup(Curtis & Reiner 1981, p.354). Equivalently, an SA subgroup is a centrally closed abelian subgroup.

Any SA subgroup is a maximal abelian subgroup, that is, it is not properly contained in another abelian subgroup.

For a CA group, the SA subgroups are precisely the maximal abelian subgroups.

SA subgroups are known for certain characters associated with them termed exceptional characters.

Centrally closed subgroup
In mathematics, in the realm of group theory, a subgroup of a group is said to be centrally closed (commonly abbreviated as CC-subgroup) if the centralizer of any non identity element of the subgroup lies inside the subgroup. This property is useful in understanding group structures, normalizers, and Galois theory. Centrally closed subgroups are related to commutators and play a role in analyzing group symmetries and field extensions.

Some facts about centrally closed subgroups:

Every malnormal subgroup is centrally closed.

Every Frobenius kernel is centrally closed.

SA subgroups are precisely the centrally closed Abelian subgroups.

The trivial subgroup and the whole group are centrally closed