hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Collin
Francis Joseph Collin (born November 3, 1944) is an American former political activist and Midwest coordinator with the American Nazi Party, later known as the National Socialist White People's Party. After being ousted for being partly Jewish (which he denied), in 1970, Collin founded the National Socialist Party of America (NSPA). In the late 1970s, his planned march in the predominantly Jewish suburb of Skokie, Illinois was challenged; the case ultimately reached the United States Supreme Court to correct procedural deficiencies.

In 1979 Collin was convicted of child molestation and sentenced to seven years in prison, and he lost his position in the party. After being released early on parole from prison, Collin created a new career as a writer, publishing numerous books under the pen name Frank Joseph. He wrote New Age and hyperdiffusionist works.

Marquette Park (Chicago)
Marquette Park, the largest park on the southwest side of Chicago, Illinois, at 323 acres (1.31 km2), is located in the city's Chicago Lawn neighborhood.  The park is named for Father Jacques Marquette (1637–1675).
Tortington
Tortington is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Arundel, in the Arun district of West Sussex, England. It lies between the Arundel to Ford and the Arundel to Chichester roads, 1.6 miles (2.6 km) southwest of Arundel. In 1961 the parish had a population of 617. On 1 April 1985 the parish was abolished and merged with Arundel, Ford, Slindon and Walberton.

Arundel
Arundel (/ˈærəndəl/ ARR-ən-dəl or locally /ˈɑːndəl/ AHN-dəl) is a market town and civil parish in the Arun District of the South Downs, West Sussex, England.

The much-conserved town has a medieval castle and Roman Catholic cathedral. Arundel has a museum and comes second behind much larger Chichester in its number of listed buildings in West Sussex.  The River Arun runs through the eastern side of the town.

The Arundel electoral borough was one of many reformed by the Municipal Reform Act 1835.

From 1836 to 1889 the town had its own Borough police force with a strength of three. In 1974 it became part of the Arun district, and is now a civil parish with a town council.
Independent Republican and Liberal Pole
The Independent Republican and Liberal Pole (French: Pôle républicain indépendant et libéral, PRIL) was a liberal-centrist political party in France.

The PRIL was founded in 1998 by members of Liberal Democracy (DL) who refused to leave the Union for French Democracy (UDF), as proposed by Alain Madelin. They included François Léotard, Gilles de Robien, Gérard Longuet, Jean-Pierre Fourcade, Alain Lamassoure, Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres, François Sauvadet, Bernard Lehideux and Rudy Salles.

PRIL merged with Democratic Force (itself a merger of the Centre of Social Democrats and the Social Democratic Party in 1995) and the so-called "Direct Adherents" to the New UDF, structured as a single party.

Some of them (Jean-Pierre Fourcade, Alain Lamassoure, Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres) joined the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) in 2002, while others, including Gilles de Robien, represented the most pro-UMP and pro-Sarkozy faction within UDF, being also strong opponents of François Bayrou.

Liberal Democracy (France)
Liberal Democracy (French: Démocratie libérale, [demɔkʁasi libeʁal], DL) was a conservative-liberal political party in France which existed from 1997 to 2002. Led by Alain Madelin, it replaced the Republican Party (PR), the classical liberal component of the Union for French Democracy (UDF). It merged into the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) between the two rounds of the 2002 presidential election.
Castello Cabiaglio
Castello Cabiaglio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 548 and an area of 7.1 square kilometres (2.7 sq mi).

Castello Cabiaglio borders the following municipalities: Barasso, Brinzio, Comerio, Cuveglio, Cuvio, Luvinate, Rancio Valcuvia, Varese.

Rancio Valcuvia
Rancio Valcuvia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Varese.

Rancio Valcuvia borders the following municipalities: Bedero Valcuvia, Brinzio, Cassano Valcuvia, Castello Cabiaglio, Cuveglio, Ferrera di Varese, Masciago Primo.

In terms of industry, the Torcitura di Rancio, a textile transformation industry, was formed as a joint venture between Montefibre, interested in the transformation of its yarns, and the Ratti group, interested in textile machinery aspects. The former twisting plant was then acquired by the Cumdi company of Germignaga.
Prédateurs
Prédateurs (transl. Predators) is the third full-length album by French band Les Discrets, released by Prophecy Productions on April 21, 2017. It is their first album without drummer Winterhalter, who left in 2013 to focus on his other band, Alcest, and their first as a duo.

Self-described as "the soundtrack of a slow film noir happening in a train where the journey leads the auditor to several places seen from the windows", Prédateurs is a musical departure from the shoegazing and post-rock sound of previous albums, shifting towards an indie rock sound influenced by electronic music, trip hop, and 1970's film soundtracks. Two EPs, Virée Nocturne, which preceded it in August 2016, and Rue Octavio Mey / Fleur des Murailles earlier that year, which were meant to prepare audiences for the upcoming change of the band's sound, several songs from the EPs are featured on the album.

Neige (musician)
Stéphane Hugues Norbert Paut, known professionally as Neige (French: "Snow") (born 16 April 1985), is a French songwriter, singer, multi-instrumentalist musician, and record producer from Bagnols-sur-Cèze, now relocated to Paris. He is the primary songwriter, guitarist, lead vocalist, and the only continuous member of the post-black metal band Alcest and is the former guitarist, bass guitarist, and drummer of the post-punk/post-black metal band Amesoeurs.
2013 Hong Kong Sevens
The 2013 Hong Kong Sevens was the 38th edition of the Hong Kong Sevens and the sixth tournament of the 2012–13 IRB Sevens World Series. It was hosted by its long-time home, Hong Kong Stadium.

Fiji won the title by defeating Wales 26–19 in the final.

2012–13 IRB Sevens World Series
The 2012–13 IRB Sevens World Series, known for sponsorship reasons as the HSBC Sevens World Series, was the 14th annual series of rugby sevens tournaments for full national sides. The IRB Sevens World Series has been run by the International Rugby Board since 1999–2000.
Petriti
Petriti (Greek: Πετριτή) is a fishing village located on the south east coast of Corfu, Greece, about thirty kilometers south of Corfu Town. The village is the largest fishing port on the island and the five tavernas on the sea front all specialise in seafood. Petriti is also a low-key tourist destination catering for people who prefer relaxing holidays in contrast to some of the busier resorts in Corfu. Petriti is in the municipal unit of Korissia and the community has a population of 635 (2021).

Korissia
Korissia (Greek: Κορισσία) is a former municipality on the island of Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece. Since the 2019 local government reform it is part of the municipality South Corfu, of which it is a municipal unit. It is in the southern part of the island. It has a land area of 27.675 km2. The seat of the municipality was the town of Argyrades.
Slumbercoach
The Slumbercoach is an 85-foot-long, 24 single room, eight double room streamlined sleeping car. Built in 1956 by the Budd Company for the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad for service on the Denver Zephyr, subsequent orders were placed in 1958 and 1959 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and Missouri Pacific Railroad for the Texas Eagle/National Limited, then in 1959 by the Northern Pacific Railway for its North Coast Limited and also the New York Central Railroad for use on the 20th Century Limited.

Budd Company
The Budd Company was a 20th-century metal fabricator, a major supplier of body components to the automobile industry, and a manufacturer of stainless steel passenger rail cars, airframes, missile and space vehicles, and various defense products.

The company was founded in 1912 in Philadelphia by Edward G. Budd, whose fame came from his development of the first all-steel automobile bodies in 1913, and his company's invention of the "shotweld" technique for joining pieces of stainless steel without damaging its anti-corrosion properties in the 1930s.

The Budd Company became part of Budd Thyssen in 1978, and in 1999 a part of ThyssenKrupp Budd. Body and chassis operations were sold to Martinrea International in 2006. No longer an operating company, Budd filed for bankruptcy in 2014. It currently exists to provide benefits to its retirees.
Châtillon-sur-Thouet
Châtillon-sur-Thouet (French pronunciation: [ʃatijɔ̃ syʁ twɛ], literally Châtillon on Thouet) is a village and commune in the Deux-Sèvres department of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. The village is situated on the river Thouet to the north of the town of Parthenay, with which it forms a contiguous built-up area.

The commune of Châtillon-sur-Thouet has joined together with 37 neighbouring communes to establish the Communauté de communes de Parthenay-Gâtine which provides a framework within which local tasks are carried out together.

Thouet
The Thouet (French pronunciation: [twɛ]) is a tributary of the Loire in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine and Pays de la Loire regions of western France. The Thouet rises at Secondigny, close to the source of the Sèvre Nantaise, and joins the Loire just to the west of Saumur. It is 142.6 km (88.6 mi) long, and drains an area of 3,396 km2 (1,311 sq mi).

The river's name derives from the ancient Gallic word for tranquil.
Museum Park (Miami)
Maurice A. Ferré Park (formerly Museum Park) is a 30-acre (12 ha) public, urban park in downtown Miami, Florida. The park opened in 1976 on the site of several slips served by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad. It was originally named "Bicentennial Park" to celebrate the bicentennial of the United States in that same year. Today, the park is maintained by the Bayfront Park Management Trust. The park is bordered on the north by I-395, Metromover, and the former Miami Herald headquarters, on the south by the American Airlines Arena and Bayside Marketplace, on the west by Biscayne Boulevard and on the east by Biscayne Bay.

Biscayne Bay
Biscayne Bay is a lagoon with characteristics of an estuary located on the Atlantic coast of South Florida. The northern end of the lagoon is surrounded by the densely developed heart of the Miami metropolitan area while the southern end is largely undeveloped with a large portion of the lagoon included in Biscayne National Park.

The part of the lagoon that is traditionally called "Biscayne Bay" is approximately 35 miles (56 km) long and up to 8 miles (13 km) wide, with a surface area of 221 square miles (570 km2). Various definitions may include Dumfoundling Bay, Card Sound, and Barnes Sound in a larger "Biscayne Bay", which is 60 miles (97 km) long with a surface area of about 271 square miles (700 km2).
Lilium michiganense
Lilium michiganense is a species of true lily commonly referred to as the Michigan lily. It is a wildflower present in prairie habitats in the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Valley regions of the United States and Canada, from South Dakota through Ontario to New York, south to Georgia and Oklahoma.

Growing to 5 ft (1.5 m) tall by 2 ft (0.61 m) broad, Lilium michiganense is a bulbous herbaceous perennial with showy flowers in summer. The flowers are orange with dark brown spots and acutely recurved petals. This plant is widely cultivated as an ornamental.

The Michigan lily is often confused with the Turk's cap lily (Lilium superbum) and with a naturalized Asian "tiger lily" Lilium lancifolium. The leaf arrangement is typically whorled, but sometimes alternate just below the inflorescence and at the very base of stem.

Lilium
Lilium (/ˈlɪliəm/ LIL-ee-əm) is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs, all with large and often prominent flowers. Lilies are a group of flowering plants which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the Northern Hemisphere and their range is temperate climates and extends into the subtropics. Many other plants have "lily" in their common names, but do not belong to the same genus and are therefore not true lilies. True lilies are known to be highly toxic to cats.
Ochtinská Aragonite Cave
Ochtinská Aragonite Cave (Slovak: Ochtinská aragonitová jaskyňa, Hungarian: Martonházi-aragonitbarlang) is a unique aragonite cave situated in southern Slovakia, near Rožňava. Although only 300 m long, it is famous for its rare aragonite formations. Along with other caves of the Slovak Karst, it is included in the UNESCO World Heritage list as a component of Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst site, because of its diversity of aragonite formations and testimony to the cave-forming geologic processes.

Aragonite
Aragonite is a carbonate mineral and one of the three most common naturally occurring crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), the others being calcite and vaterite. It is formed by biological and physical processes, including precipitation from marine and freshwater environments.

The crystal lattice of aragonite differs from that of calcite, resulting in a different crystal shape, an orthorhombic crystal system with acicular crystal. Repeated twinning results in pseudo-hexagonal forms. Aragonite may be columnar or fibrous, occasionally in branching helictitic forms called flos-ferri ("flowers of iron") from their association with the ores at the Carinthian iron mines.
Beverino
Beverino (Ligurian: Bevein) is a comune (municipality) of c. 2,000 inhabitants in the province of La Spezia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Genoa and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of La Spezia.  It is part of the Vara river and of the Regional natural Park of Montemarcello-Magra.

Beverino borders the following municipalities: Borghetto di Vara, Calice al Cornoviglio, Follo, Pignone, Riccò del Golfo di Spezia, Rocchetta di Vara, Vernazza.

Borghetto di Vara
Borghetto di Vara (Ligurian: O Borghetto de Væa, locally U Burghetu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of La Spezia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Genoa and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of La Spezia.

Borghetto di Vara borders the following municipalities: Beverino, Brugnato, Carrodano, Levanto, Pignone, Rocchetta di Vara, Sesta Godano.
Daly City, California
Daly City (/ˈdeɪli/) is the second-most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area, and immediately south of San Francisco (sharing its northern border with almost all of San Francisco's southern border), it is named for businessman and landowner John Donald Daly.  Its population was 104,901 at the 2020 census. The racial makeup of Daly City was 57.3% Asian, 11.7% non-Hispanic White, and 23.1% Hispanic or Latino of any race in the 2020 census. Notably, 33.2% of the population of Daly City is Filipino.

Daly City station
Daly City station is an elevated Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station in Daly City, California, just south of the city limits of San Francisco. It is adjacent to Interstate 280 and California Route 1, which it serves as a park-and-ride station. The station is served by the Red, Yellow, Green, and Blue lines; it is the western terminus of the Green and Blue lines.
Southwest Chief
The Southwest Chief (formerly the Southwest Limited and Super Chief) is a long-distance passenger train operated by Amtrak on a 2,265-mile (3,645 km) route between Chicago and Los Angeles through the Midwest and Southwest via Kansas City, Albuquerque, and Flagstaff mostly on the BNSF's Southern Transcon, but branches off between Albuquerque and Kansas City via the Topeka, La Junta, Raton, and Glorieta Subdivision. Amtrak bills the route as one of its most scenic, with views of the Painted Desert and the Red Cliffs of Sedona, as well as the plains of Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, and Colorado.

During fiscal year 2024, the Southwest Chief carried 261,485 passengers, a 3% increase from FY2023. However, this is a 22.7% decrease from its pre-COVID-19 pandemic ridership of 338,180 passengers in FY2019. The route grossed US$43,184,176 in revenue during FY 2016, a 3.8% decrease from FY 2017.

Newton, Kansas
Newton is a city in and the county seat of Harvey County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 18,602.  Newton is located 25 miles (40 km) north of Wichita.  The city of North Newton. located immediately north, exists as a separate political entity.  Newton is located at the intersection of Interstate 135, U.S. Route 50, and U.S. Route 81 highways.
Heberlein brake
A Heberlein brake is a continuous railway brake used in Germany that is applied by means of a mechanical cable. Train braking is therefore initiated centrally from the locomotive using a winder. This causes the brake clips to be applied on individual wagons, assisted by a servo system which makes use of the rotation of the axle. The brakes operate automatically if the cable snaps. A typical feature of Heberlein brakes is the clearly visible cable run on top of the wagons, but cables can also be led underneath the wagons, as on the Spreewaldbahn railway line.  Heberlein brakes were eventually largely replaced by compressed-air brakes or, sometimes, by vacuum brakes on narrow gauge railway vehicles.

Railway brake
A railway brake is a type of brake used on the cars of railway trains to enable deceleration, control acceleration (downhill) or to keep them immobile when parked. While the basic principle is similar to that on road vehicle usage, operational features are more complex because of the need to control multiple linked carriages and to be effective on vehicles left without a prime mover. Clasp brakes are one type of brakes historically used on trains.
Webster Avenue
Webster Avenue is a major north–south thoroughfare in the Bronx, New York City, United States. It stretches for 5.8 miles (9.3 km) from Melrose, where it begins as a continuation of Melrose Avenue, to the Bronx–Westchester county line, where it continues north as Bronx River Road. There are no subway lines along this thoroughfare, unlike the streets it parallels—Jerome Avenue, The Grand Concourse, and White Plains Road, which all have subway lines (the IRT Jerome Avenue Line, IND Concourse Line, and IRT White Plains Road Line, respectively)—but until 1973, Webster Avenue north of Fordham Road was served by the Third Avenue Elevated, served by the 8 train.

Gun Hill Road (road)
Gun Hill Road is a major thoroughfare in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The road stretches for 3.5 miles (5.6 km) from Mosholu Parkway in Norwood to the Hutchinson River Parkway in Baychester. Van Cortlandt Park and the Mosholu Golf Course are both located at the western terminus of Gun Hill Road.
Inverno e Monteleone
Inverno e Monteleone (Italian pronunciation: [iɱˈvɛrno e mmonteleˈoːne] Vogherese: Invèrän e Muntagliòn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 km southeast of Milan and about 20 km east of Pavia.

Inverno e Monteleone borders the following municipalities: Corteolona e Genzone, Gerenzago, Miradolo Terme, Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Santa Cristina e Bissone, Villanterio.

Villanterio
Villanterio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 km southeast of Milan and about 15 km east of Pavia.

Villanterio borders the following municipalities: Gerenzago, Inverno e Monteleone, Magherno, Marudo, Sant'Angelo Lodigiano, Torre d'Arese, Valera Fratta.
Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.

Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, the Hamiltonian of a system is an operator corresponding to the total energy of that system, including both kinetic energy and potential energy. Its spectrum, the system's energy spectrum or its set of energy eigenvalues, is the set of possible outcomes obtainable from a measurement of the system's total energy. Due to its close relation to the energy spectrum and time-evolution of a system, it is of fundamental importance in most formulations of quantum theory.

The Hamiltonian is named after William Rowan Hamilton, who developed a revolutionary reformulation of Newtonian mechanics, known as Hamiltonian mechanics, which was historically important to the development of quantum physics. Similar to vector notation, it is typically denoted by , where the hat indicates that it is an operator. It can also be written as  or .
German Construction Workers' Union
The German Construction Workers' Union (German: Deutscher Bauarbeiter-Verband, DBV) was a trade union representing building workers in Germany.

The union was founded on 1 January 1911, when the Central Union of Masons merged with the Central Union of Construction Workers, the two bringing together 235,217 members.  The Central Union of Plasterers joined at the start of 1912.  The union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and in 1919 became a founding affiliate of the General German Trade Union Confederation.  It was also the leading union in the International Federation of Building Workers.

On 1 January 1923, the union merged with the Central Union of Glaziers and the Central Union of Potters, to form the German Union of Building Trades.

Central Union of Masons
The Central Union of Masons (German: Zentralverband der Maurer) was a trade union representing bricklayers in Germany.

Regular conferences of masons were held in Germany in the 1880s. With the repeal of the Anti-Socialist Laws, it was possible to form legal trade unions, and at the 8th Congress of Masons, in Gotha, in May 1891, the Central Union of Masons was established.  It adopted Der Grundstein as its journal.

The union gradually built up international contacts in the late 19th century.  In 1903, it called a conference in Berlin to formalise these relationships by establishing the International Federation of Building Workers.

The union affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and by 1904, it was the second largest in Germany, with 128,850 members.  By 1910, this had risen to 169,645.  At the start of 1911, it merged with the Central Union of Construction Workers to form the German Construction Workers' Union.