hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Producers' Showcase
Producers' Showcase is an American anthology television series that was telecast live during the 1950s in compatible color by NBC. With top talent, the 90-minute episodes, covering a wide variety of genres, aired under the title every fourth Monday at 8 pm ET for three seasons, beginning October 18, 1954. The final episode, the last of 37, was broadcast May 27, 1957.

Showcase Productions, Inc., packaged and produced the series, which received seven Emmy Awards, including the 1956 award for Best Dramatic Series.

The Petrified Forest
The Petrified Forest is a 1936 American crime drama film directed by Archie Mayo and based on Robert E. Sherwood's 1934 drama of the same name. The motion picture stars Leslie Howard, Bette Davis and Humphrey Bogart. The screenplay was written by Delmer Daves and Charles Kenyon, and adaptations were later performed on radio and television. The film is set in Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona. According to Variety, Warner Bros. Pictures filmed two endings. Howard's character dies in one and survives in the other. In May 1945, Warner Bros. released another film based on Sherwood's play, Escape in the Desert. It pits a Dutch flyer walking across country to San Francisco and others against a bunch of escaped Nazi POWs.
Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa
Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsanta luˈsi.a kotsumalˈɣwapa]) is a town, with a population of 58,877 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Escuintla department of Guatemala.

The municipality includes the Cotzumalhuapa archaeological zone, including the pre-Columbian archaeological sites of El Baúl and Bilbao. It is the birthplace of president Carlos Castillo Armas.

El Baúl
El Baúl is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in present-day Escuintla Department, Guatemala.  El Baúl, along with the sites of Bilbao and El Castillo, is part of the Cotzumalhuapa Archaeological Zone.  It was occupied during the prehistoric Formative stage of the Americas.
No Tricks
No Tricks is the fourteenth studio album by the Commodores, released on March 29, 1993. At this point, the band had been reduced to the trio of Walter "Clyde" Orange, William King and J.D. Nicholas. The album did not chart.

Commodores
Commodores, often billed as the Commodores, is  an American funk and soul group. The group's most successful period was in the late 1970s and early 1980s when Lionel Richie was the co-lead singer.

The members of the group met as mostly freshmen at Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee University) in 1968, and signed with Motown in November 1972, having first caught the public eye opening for the Jackson 5 while on tour.

The band's biggest hit singles are ballads such as "Easy", "Three Times a Lady", and "Nightshift"; and funk-influenced dance songs, including "Brick House", "Fancy Dancer", "Lady (You Bring Me Up)", and "Too Hot ta Trot".

Commodores were inducted into the Alabama Music Hall of Fame and Vocal Group Hall of Fame. The band has also won one Grammy Award out of nine nominations. The Commodores have sold over 70 million albums worldwide.
Armenian printing
After the introduction of movable printing type to Europe by Johannes Gutenberg in Germany (circa 1439), Armenians from throughout the diaspora began to publish Armenian-language books. The first book which had Armenian letters was published in Mainz (Germany) in 1486. The first Armenian book to be published by the printing press was Urbatagirq—Book of Friday prayers—which was published by Hakob Meghapart in Venice in 1512.

Hakob Meghapart
Hakob Meghapart (Armenian: Հակոբ Մեղապարտ, Jacob the Sinner) (date of birth and death are unknown), was the first Armenian printer, the originator of printing in Armenia. His activities were developed in Venice in the beginning of the 16th century.
In 1512-1513 his publishing house gave birth to the following publications:

Urbatagirk (Armenian: Ուրբաթագիրք)

Pataragatetr (Armenian: Պատարագատետր)

Aghtark (Armenian: Աղթարք)

Parzatumar (Armenian: Պարզատումար)

Tagharan (Armenian: Տաղարան)

The first book that he printed was called "Urbatagirk", which had 124 paper pages, also 24 are colored and the pages are printed in red and black.
The books printed by him have a special printer's mark.
Giovanni Pietro Ligario
Giovanni Pietro Ligario (1686–1748) was an Italian painter and architect of the late-Baroque.

He was born at Ardenno province of Sondrio in the Valtelline valley, and after early training there, moved to Rome, where he frequented the studio of  Lazzaro Baldi, and afterwards visited Venice. On his return to his native town in 1727, he was employed in painting historical pictures for churches and private collections. He died at Sondrio. He has left a  ‘‘St. Benedict’’ in the church of the convent at Sondrio, and a ‘‘Descent of the Holy Spirit’‘ in the church of San Giovanni Battista, Morbegno.

His children, Angelo, Cesare, and Vittoria were also painters.

San Giovanni Battista, Morbegno
46°07′57.6″N 9°34′11.6″E﻿ / ﻿46.132667°N 9.569889°E﻿ / 46.132667; 9.569889

The Chiesa di San Giovanni Battista (Church of San Giovanni Battista) is a Roman Catholic collegiate church dating back to the 17th and 18th centuries, located in Morbegno in the Valtellina in region of Lombardy, and consecrated to St. John the Baptist.
Night's Tightrope
Night's Tightrope, known in Japan as Shōjo (少女), is a Japanese film directed by Yukiko Mishima, based on author Kanae Minato's novel of the same name. The theme song "Yami ni me o Koraseba" (闇に目を凝らせば) was written and performed specifically for the film by the rock band Glim Spanky at the request of Mishima.

Kanae Minato
Kanae Minato (湊かなえ, Minato Kanae; born 1973) is a Japanese writer of crime fiction and thrillers. She is a member of the Mystery Writers of Japan and the Honkaku Mystery Writers Club of Japan. She is a 2015 recipient of the Alex Awards.
Cetrimide
Cetrimide, or alkyltrimethylammonium bromide, is an antiseptic which is a mixture of three quaternary ammonium compounds: tetradonium bromide (TTAB or MITMAB), cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), and laurtrimonium bromide (DTAB or LTAB). It was first discovered and developed by ICI and introduced under the brand name Cetavlon. It is used as a 1-3 % solution for cleaning roadside accident wounds. ICI also introduced Savlon, which was a combination of cetrimide and chlorhexidine. ICI sold the Savlon brand OTC to Johnson & Johnson in May 1992. Cetrimide is used in various applications such as antiseptic agents, diagnostic test and analysis, topical formulations, and dental treatment.

Quaternary ammonium cation
In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. Unlike the ammonium ion (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution. Quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium compounds (called quaternary amines in oilfield parlance) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations. Polyquats are a variety of engineered polymer forms which provide multiple quat molecules within a larger molecule.

Quats are used in consumer applications including as antimicrobials (such as detergents and disinfectants), fabric softeners, and hair conditioners. As an antimicrobial, they are able to inactivate enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2). Quats tend to be gentler on surfaces than bleach-based disinfectants, and are generally fabric-safe.
White-bellied free-tailed bat
The white-bellied free-tailed bat (Mops niveiventer) is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and moist savanna.

Free-tailed bat
The Molossidae, or free-tailed bats, are a family of bats within the order Chiroptera.
The Molossidae is the fourth-largest family of bats, containing about 110 species as of 2012. They are generally quite robust, and consist of many strong-flying forms with relatively long and narrow wings with wrinkled lips shared through their genus. Their strong flying form allows them to fly 60 miles per hour using tail winds and at altitudes over 10,000 feet. This makes them unique among bats, as they are the only bat family that withstands the elevation. They are widespread, being found on every continent except Antarctica. They are typically found in caves, abandoned mines, or tunnels.
Pre-hospital emergency medicine
Pre-hospital emergency medicine (abbreviated PHEM), also referred to as pre-hospital care, immediate care, or emergency medical services medicine (abbreviated EMS medicine), is a medical subspecialty which focuses on caring for seriously ill or injured patients before they reach hospital, and during emergency transfer to hospital or between hospitals. It may be practised by physicians from various backgrounds such as anaesthesiology, emergency medicine, intensive care medicine and acute medicine, after they have completed initial training in their base specialty.

Doctors practising PHEM are usually well-integrated with local emergency medical services, and are dispatched together with emergency medical technicians or paramedics where potentially life-threatening trauma or illness is suspected that may benefit from immediate specialist medical treatment. This may involve travelling by car or air ambulance to the site.

Intensive care medicine
Intensive care medicine, usually called critical care medicine, is a medical specialty that deals with seriously or critically ill patients who have, are at risk of, or are recovering from conditions that may be life-threatening. It includes providing life support, invasive monitoring techniques, resuscitation, and end-of-life care. Doctors in this specialty are often called intensive care physicians, critical care physicians, or intensivists.

Intensive care relies on multidisciplinary teams composed of many different health professionals. Such teams often include doctors, nurses, physical therapists, respiratory therapists, and pharmacists, among others. They usually work together in intensive care units (ICUs) within a hospital.
Reindeer's Christmas Surprise
Reindeer's Christmas Surprise is a book for children created for the Sydney department store David Jones’ animated Christmas Windows for 2014. The David Jones windows are part of a world-wide historic tradition of animated displays created by department stores at Christmas time.  Traditionally the David Jones windows have often featured snowy European scenarios, but the 2014 windows are set in a distinctly Australian summer, featuring beach and rainforest scenes. The story, also published as a book, was written for the windows by Australian author Ursula Dubosarsky with illustrations by Sue De Gennaro.

Ursula Dubosarsky
Ursula Dubosarsky (born Ursula Coleman; 1961 in Sydney, Australia) is an Australian writer of fiction and non-fiction for children and young adults, whose work is characterised by a child's vision and comic voice of both clarity and ambiguity.

She is the third child of Peter Coleman and Verna Susannah Coleman. She was named after the character of Ursula Brangwen in the 1915 novel The Rainbow by D. H. Lawrence. She attended Lindfield, Hunter's Hill and Chatswood Primary Schools, SCEGGS Darlinghurst, then studied at Sydney University and later Macquarie University. She is an Honorary Associate of the Department of English at Macquarie University and has taught courses in children's literature at the University of Sydney and the University of Technology, Sydney. From 2016-2024 she was a member of the Library Council of New South Wales.
Durant Community School District
The Durant Community School District is a rural public school district in Cedar County, Iowa. Based in Durant, it spans areas of southeastern Cedar County, northeastern Muscatine County and western Scott County.

Durant consists of a high school, a junior high school and elementary school, all located in a centrally located building in Durant. The  district is governed by a five-member board of directors, which meets monthly at the district's administration center in Durant. The superintendent is Joe Burnett.

The district is a participant in a whole-grade sharing agreement with the nearby Bennett Community School District. Each district is responsible for its own elementary school, while Bennett sends its junior high and high school students to Durant. This agreement has been in place since the 2005-2006 school year.

The school district is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the Iowa Department of Education.

Durant High School (Iowa)
Durant Junior/Senior High School, or Durant High School is a rural public high school located in Durant, Iowa. The school is part of the Durant Community School District.

Located at 408 Seventh Street in Durant (approximately two miles south of Interstate 80), Durant High School draws students from areas of southeastern Cedar County, northeastern Muscatine County and western Scott County, plus the community of Stockton.
The Burning Times
The Burning Times is a 1990 Canadian documentary, presenting a feminist account of  the Early Modern European witchcraft trials.
It was directed by Donna Read and written by Erna Buffie, and features interviews with feminist and Neopagan notables, such as Starhawk, Margot Adler, and Matthew Fox. The Burning Times is the second film in the National Film Board of Canada's Women and Spirituality series, following Goddess Remembered (1989) and preceding Full Circle (1993).

The opening and closing theme music, composed by Loreena McKennitt, was released as the track titled "Tango to Evora" on her 1991 album The Visit.

Starhawk
Starhawk (born Miriam Simos on June 17, 1951) is an American feminist and writer. She is known as a theorist of feminist neopaganism and ecofeminism. In 2013, she was listed in Watkins' Mind Body Spirit magazine as one of the 100 Most Spiritually Influential Living People.
2021 Croatia Open Umag
The 2021 Croatia Open  (also known as the Plava Laguna Croatia Open Umag for sponsorship reasons) is a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It is the 31st edition of the Croatia Open, and part of the 250 Series of the 2021 ATP Tour. It take place at the International Tennis Center in Umag, Croatia, from 19 through 25 July 2021. Seventh-seeded Carlos Alcaraz won the singles title.

Duje Ajduković
Duje Ajduković (born 5 February 2001) is a Croatian tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 105, achieved on 9 September 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 491, achieved on 8 November 2021. He is currently the No. 7 player from Croatia.
The Pioneers (1926 film)
The Pioneers is a 1926 Australian silent film directed by Raymond Longford. The script had been written by Lottie Lyell but she had died by the time filming started. It was considered a lost film but some surviving footage from it has recently emerged.

Lottie Lyell
Lottie Lyell (born Charlotte Edith Cox, 23 February 1890 – 21 December 1925) was an Australian actress, screenwriter, editor and filmmaker. She is regarded as Australia's first film star, and also contributed to the local industry during the silent era through her collaborations with director and writer Raymond Longford.
Lehmstedt–Tanasescu reaction
The Lehmstedt–Tanasescu reaction is a method in organic chemistry for the organic synthesis of acridone derivatives (3) from a 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (1) and an arene compound (2):

The reaction is named after two chemists who devoted part of their careers to research into this synthetic method, the German chemist Kurt Lehmstedt and the Romanian chemist Ion Tănăsescu. Variations of the reaction name include Lehmsted–Tănăsescu reaction, Lehmsted–Tănăsescu acridone synthesis and Lehmsted–Tanasescu acridone synthesis.

Ion Tănăsescu (chemist)
Ion Tănăsescu (also Ioan) (February 23, 1892 – December 28, 1959) was a Romanian chemist.

He discovered the Lehmstedt-Tanasescu reaction, which was improved by Kurt Lehmstedt. He studied at the University of Bucharest and the University of Cluj. He was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy in 1955.
Stuart Epperson
Stuart (Stu) Watson Epperson (November 2, 1936 – July 17, 2023) was an American businessman, politician and evangelical who was the co-founder and chairman of Salem Media Group, and a member and the president of the conservative Council for National Policy ("CNP").

Council for National Policy
The Council for National Policy (CNP) is an umbrella organization and networking group that advocates for conservative and Republican Party initiatives in the United States. It was launched in 1981 during the Reagan administration by Tim LaHaye and the Christian right, to "bring more focus and force to conservative advocacy". The membership list for September 2020 was later leaked, showing that members included prominent Republicans and conservatives. Members are instructed not to reveal their membership or even name the group.

The CNP has been described by The New York Times as "a little-known club of a few hundred of the most powerful conservatives in the country", who meet three times yearly behind closed doors at undisclosed locations for a confidential conference. Max Blumenthal has called it a secretive organization that "networks wealthy right-wing donors together with top conservative operatives to plan long-term movement strategy".
Sorry, I've Got No Head
Sorry, I've Got No Head is a CBBC children's sketch comedy television series. The programme's cast originally consisted of William Andrews, David Armand, James Bachman, Marcus Brigstocke, Anna Crilly, Justin Edwards, Mark Evans, Mel Giedroyc, Marek Larwood, and Nick Mohammed. The series was produced by So Television.

Anne Gilchrist, former CBBC controller, has been credited by her successor for commissioning the series. Pixelface, another programme by CBBC, is inspired by the show's "Backstage Access" sketches. Sorry, I've Got No Head was axed by the BBC in 2011 after its third series.

Marcus Brigstocke
Marcus Alexander Brigstocke (born 8 May 1973) is a British comedian and actor. He has worked in stand-up comedy, television, radio and musical theatre. He has appeared on many BBC television and radio shows.
May 1958 crisis in France
The May 1958 crisis (French: Crise de mai 1958), also known as the Algiers putsch or the coup of 13 May, was a political crisis in France during the turmoil of the Algerian War (1954–1962) which led to the collapse of the Fourth Republic and its replacement by the Fifth Republic led by Charles de Gaulle who returned to power after a twelve-year absence. It started as a political uprising in Algiers on 13 May 1958 and then became a military coup d'état led by a coalition headed by Algiers deputy and reserve airborne officer Pierre Lagaillarde, Generals Raoul Salan, Edmond Jouhaud, Jean Gracieux and Jacques Massu, and by Admiral Philippe Auboyneau, commander of the Mediterranean fleet. The coup was supported by former Algerian Governor General Jacques Soustelle and his activist allies.

The coup had as its aim to oppose the formation of Pierre Pflimlin's new government and to impose a change of policies in favor of the right-wing partisans of French Algeria.

Philippe Auboyneau
Philippe Marie Joseph Raymond Auboyneau (French pronunciation: [filip maʁi ʒozɛf ʁɛmɔ̃ obwano]; 9 November 1899 – 22 February 1961) was an officer in the French Navy. As an admiral, he was commander of the Free French naval forces in the Pacific and the Mediterranean during the Second World War. He was awarded the Ordre de la Libération for his service to the country.
Constitutional court
A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged are in fact unconstitutional, i.e. whether they conflict with constitutionally established rules, rights, and freedoms, among other things.

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.
Chancery hand
The term "chancery hand" can refer to either of two distinct styles of historical handwriting.

A chancery hand was at first a form of handwriting for business transactions that developed in the Lateran chancery (the Cancelleria Apostolica) of the 13th century, then spread to France, notably through the Avignon Papacy, and to England after 1350. This early "chancery hand" is a form of blackletter. Versions of it were adopted by royal and ducal chanceries, which were often staffed by clerics who had taken minor orders.

A later cursive "chancery hand", also developed in the Vatican but based on humanist minuscule (itself based on Carolingian minuscule), was introduced in the 1420s by Niccolò Niccoli; it was the manuscript origin of the typefaces we recognize as italic.

Niccolò de' Niccoli
Niccolò de' Niccoli (1364 – 22 January 1437) was an Italian Renaissance humanist.

He was born and died in Florence, Italy, and was one of the chief figures in the company of learned men which gathered around the patronage of Cosimo de' Medici. Niccoli's chief services to classical literature consisted in his work as a copyist and collator of ancient manuscripts; he corrected the text, introduced divisions into chapters, and made tables of contents.
Settrington railway station
Settrington railway station was a railway station on the Malton & Driffield Railway in North Yorkshire, England. It opened on 19 May 1853, and served the village of Settrington. It closed for passengers on 5 June 1950 and goods on 20 October 1958.

Malton and Driffield Junction Railway
The Malton and Driffield Junction Railway, later known as the Malton and Driffield branch was a railway line in Yorkshire that ran between the towns of Malton, North Yorkshire and Driffield in the East Riding of Yorkshire.

The line was formally opened on 19 May 1853 with full public services starting on 1 June 1853. It became part of the North Eastern Railway (1854), then London and North Eastern Railway (1923), becoming part of British Railways in 1948. Passenger services on the line gained the nickname the Malton Dodger.

Between the 1920s and 1950s the line saw use transporting chalk from the Burdale and Wharram quarries. Passenger services ended on 5 June 1950; the Burdale quarry closed in 1955, and the line closed on 20 October 1958.

A short section of the original line reopened on 24 May 2015 as a heritage attraction operating as the Yorkshire Wolds Railway. There are plans to further extend the heritage railway.
Santana Morris
Santana N. Morris (born September 4, 1990) is a Jamaican educator, lecturer, and motivational speaker, known for her contributions to literacy and education in Jamaica and the Caribbean. Morris is the founder and executive director of the Jamaica Intensive Reading Clinic (JIRC), an institution focused on advancing literacy through specialized programs and volunteer network.

Jamaica Intensive Reading Clinic
Jamaica Intensive Reading Clinic (abbreviation: JIRC) is a non-governmental organization based in Montego Bay, Jamaica. The organization was founded in 2016 with the goal of promoting and enhancing education among youths in Jamaica