hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manjul Bhargava
Manjul Bhargava FRS (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds Adjunct Professorships at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, and the University of Hyderabad. He is known primarily for his contributions to number theory.

Bhargava was awarded the Fields Medal in 2014. According to the International Mathematical Union citation, he was awarded the prize "for developing powerful new methods in the geometry of numbers, which he applied to count rings of small rank and to bound the average rank of elliptic curves". He was also a member of the Padma Award committee in 2023.

15 and 290 theorems
In mathematics, the 15 theorem or Conway–Schneeberger Fifteen Theorem, proved by John H. Conway and W. A. Schneeberger in 1993, states that if a positive definite quadratic form arising from an integer matrix represents all positive integers up to 15, then it represents all positive integers. 
Conway and Schneeberger chose not to publish their proof because Manjul Bhargava found a simpler proof, published in 2000.

Conway conjectured an analogous statement for integral quadratic forms, with the constant 15 replaced by 290.
Bhargava and Jonathan Hanke have a 2011 preprint 
with a proof of this "290 conjecture", but as of 2026 it has not been published, and the code containing the computations needed for the proof is no longer available at the URL  listed in their preprint.
Arthur Guinness, 1st Baron Ardilaun
Arthur Edward Guinness, 1st Baron Ardilaun, JP, DL (1 November 1840 – 20 January 1915), styled Sir Arthur Guinness, Bt, between 1868 and 1880, was an Anglo-Irish businessman, politician and philanthropist. He is perhaps best known for giving St Stephen's Green to the Dublin Corporation for public use.

Ashford Castle
Ashford Castle is a mainly Victorian and medieval castle near Cong on the County Mayo–Galway border in Ireland. The castle has been expanded over the centuries and turned into a five star hotel. It is located on the County Galway side of Lough Corrib and was previously owned by the Guinness family.
Marco Fabián
Marco Jhonfai Fabián de la Mora (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaɾko faˈβjan]; born 21 July 1989) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Ranger's. He is an Olympic gold medalist.

Fabián began his career in the youth academy of his hometown club, Guadalajara, making his first-team debut in 2007. After a brief loan spell with Cruz Azul, he moved abroad to join Eintracht Frankfurt. He later played for Philadelphia Union, Al Sadd, Juárez, and Mazatlán before transitioning to amateur football.

Fabián represented Mexico at the youth level before earning his first senior cap. He became a key figure for Mexico's U-23 side, helping secure qualification for the 2012 Summer Olympics. He was part of the historic squad that captured Olympic gold in London, defeating Brazil in the final.

Between 2012 and 2019, Fabián made 43 appearances for Mexico, featuring in the 2015 Copa América, the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup, and the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cup.

2012 Toulon Tournament
The 2012 Toulon Tournament was the 40th edition of the Toulon Tournament and took place from 23 May to 1 June. Colombia were the defending champions, but they did not participate this year.

Mexico U-23 won their first tournament title by defeating Turkey A2 3–0 in the final. Héctor Herrera was awarded Meilleur joueur as the most outstanding player of the tournament.
Belarusian cuisine
Belarusian cuisine refers to the culinary traditions native to Belarus and its people. It shares many similarities with the cuisines of other Central and Eastern European countries, particularly those of Poland, Russia, and Ukraine. It is based predominantly on meat and various vegetables typical of the region.

Potato pancake
Potato pancakes are shallow-fried pancakes consisting of grated or ground potato, matzo meal or flour and typically a binding ingredient such as egg or corn starch, often flavored with grated garlic or onion and seasonings. They may be topped with a variety of condiments, ranging from the savory (such as sour cream or cottage cheese), to the sweet (such as apple sauce or sugar), or they may be served plain. The dish is sometimes made from mashed potatoes to make pancake-shaped croquettes. Some variations are made with sweet potatoes.
Kyles of Bute
The Kyles of Bute (Scottish Gaelic: Na Caoil Bhòdach) form a narrow sea channel that separates the northern end of the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula in Argyll and Bute, on the Scottish mainland. The surrounding hillsides are roughly wooded, and overlooked by rocky tops and areas of moorland.

The Kyles are split into the East and West Kyles. The East Kyle (Scottish Gaelic: An Caol an Ear) runs from Rothesay Bay north west up to the entrance to Loch Riddon. Here at the northern end of the East Kyle are the Burnt Islands and the island of Eilean Dubh. The West Kyle (Scottish Gaelic: An Caol an Iar/An Caol Ceathrach) runs from here southwest, past the village of Tighnabruaich out to the Sound of Bute. The area is a designated National Scenic Area.

The Kyles are reflected in the name of Tighnabruaich-based Shinty team Kyles Athletic.

Isle of Bute
The Isle of Bute (Scots: Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Bhòid or An t-Eilean Bòdach), known as Bute (/bjuːt/), is an island in the Firth of Clyde in Scotland. It is divided into highland and lowland areas by the Highland Boundary Fault.

Formerly a constituent island of the larger County of Bute, it is now part of the council area of Argyll and Bute. Bute's resident population was 6,498 in 2011, a decline of just over 10% from the figure of 7,228 recorded in 2001 against a background of Scottish island populations as a whole growing by 4% to 103,702 for the same period.
Ernst Glück Bible Museum
Ernst Glück Bible Museum (Latvian: Ernsta Glika Bībeles muzejs) is a Latvian Christian museum in Alūksne in Latvia.

This is the building in which Johann Ernst Glück famously translated the Holy Bible into the Latvian language in 1694. In 1990, it was opened as a museum to honour his work. The building holds a first edition of Glück's Bible, as well as other translations.

Glück lived in the building with his family. They also fostered an orphan named Marta Skowrońska who went on to become Catherine I of Russia.

The town also hosts two oak trees which Glück planted when he completed the translation of the Old Testament and the New Testament.

Alūksne
Alūksne (German: Marienburgⓘ) is a town on the shores of Lake Alūksne in the Vidzeme region of Latvia near the borders with Estonia and Russia. It is the seat of the Alūksne municipality. Alūksne is the highest city in Latvia, being located in the East Vidzeme Upland at 217 m above sea level.
Stockwhip
A stockwhip is a type of whip made of a long, tapered length of flexible, plaited leather or nylon with a stiff handle and thong able to pivot along the handle easily. Stock whips are used when rounding up cattle.

Muster (livestock)
A muster (Australia/New Zealand) or a roundup (United States/Canada) is the process of gathering livestock. Musters usually involve cattle, sheep or horses, but may also include goats, camels, buffalo or other animals. Mustering may be conducted for a variety of reasons including routine livestock health checks and treatments, branding, shearing, lamb marking, sale, feeding and transport or droving to another location. Mustering is a long, difficult and sometimes dangerous job, especially on the vast Australian cattle stations of the Top End, 'The Falls' (gorge) country of the Great Dividing Range and the ranches of the western United States. The group of animals gathered in a muster is referred to as a "mob" in Australia and a "herd" in North America.
Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008
The Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008 is a United States federal law, enacted by Congress to improve railroad safety. Among its provisions, the most notable was the mandate requiring positive train control (PTC) technology to be installed on most of the US railroad network by 2015. This was spurred by the 2008 Chatsworth train collision the month prior to passage of the act. After two delays, the technology was operational on all required railroads by the end of 2020.

Positive train control
Positive train control (PTC) is a family of automatic train protection systems deployed in the United States. Most of the United States' national rail network mileage has a form of PTC. These systems are generally designed to check that trains are moving safely and to stop them when they are not.

Positive train control restricts the train movement to an explicit allowance; movement is halted upon invalidation. A train operating under PTC receives a movement authority containing information about its location and where it is allowed to safely travel. PTC was installed and operational on 100% of the statutory-required trackage by December 29, 2020.
Tamil (Unicode block)
Tamil is a Unicode block containing characters for the Tamil, and Saurashtra languages of Tamil Nadu India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Malaysia. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0B82..U+0BCD were a direct copy of the Tamil characters A2-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.

Telugu (Unicode block)
Telugu is a Unicode block containing characters for the Telugu, Gondi, and Lambadi languages of Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0C01..U+0C4D were a direct copy of the Telugu characters A1-ED from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Joshua Van
Joshua Van Bawi Thawng (born October 10, 2001) is a Burmese and American professional mixed martial artist currently competing in the Flyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is the current UFC Flyweight Champion. Van is the first fighter from Myanmar to sign with the promotion, becoming the UFC's first Asian-born male champion at UFC 323. He is also the first fighter born in the 2000s to win a UFC title. As of January 27, 2026, he is #11 in the UFC men's pound-for-pound rankings.

UFC 317
UFC 317: Topuria vs. Oliveira was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on June 28, 2025, at T-Mobile Arena in Paradise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Valley, United States.
Hardinge Bridge
Hardinge Bridge is a steel railway truss bridge over the Padma River located at Ishwardi, Pabna and Bheramara, Kushtia in Bangladesh. It is named after Lord Hardinge, who was the Viceroy of India from 1910 to 1916. The bridge is 1.8 km (1.1 mi) long.

Ishwardi Upazila
Ishwardi (Bengali: ঈশ্বরদী, Ish-shordi,  officially Ishurdi) is an upazila of Pabna District in Rajshahi Division. It is the westernmost upazila of Pabna district. The River Padma and its tributaries run through it. Ruppur Nuclear Powerplant is also located in Ishwardi upazila.
Golfer's elbow
Golfer's elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is tendinosis (or more precisely enthesopathy) of the medial common flexor tendon on the inside of the elbow. It is similar to tennis elbow, which affects the outside of the elbow at the lateral epicondyle. The tendinopathy results from overload or repetitive use of the arm, causing an injury similar to ulnar collateral ligament injury of the elbow in "pitcher's elbow".

Elbow
The elbow is the region between the upper arm and the forearm that surrounds the elbow joint. The elbow includes prominent landmarks such as the olecranon, the cubital fossa (also called the chelidon, or the elbow pit), and the lateral and the medial epicondyles of the humerus. The elbow joint is a hinge joint between the arm and the forearm; more specifically between the humerus in the upper arm and the radius and ulna in the forearm which allows the forearm and hand to be moved towards and away from the body.
The term elbow is specifically used for humans and other primates, and in other vertebrates it is not used. In those cases, forelimb plus joint is used.

The name for the elbow in Latin is cubitus, and so the word cubital is used in some elbow-related terms, as in cubital nodes for example.
Jean Pierre Lefebvre
Jean Pierre Lefebvre (French: [ʒɑ̃ pjɛʁ ləfɛvʁ]; born 17 August 1941) is a Canadian filmmaker. He is widely admired as "the godfather of independent Canadian cinema," particularly among young, independent filmmakers.

The Old Country Where Rimbaud Died
The Old Country Where Rimbaud Died (French: Le Vieux pays où Rimbaud est mort) is a 1977 French-Canadian feature from Jean Pierre Lefebvre. The second film in his Abel Gagné trilogy, preceded by Don't Let It Kill You (Il ne faut pas mourir pour ça) in 1967 and followed by Now or Never (Aujourd'hui ou jamais) in 1998, the film follows Abel (Marcel Sabourin) on a journey to France to visit the land of his ancestors.
Únětice culture
The Únětice culture, Aunjetitz culture, or Unetician culture (Czech: Únětická kultura, German: Aunjetitzer Kultur, Polish: Kultura unietycka, Slovak: Únětická kultúra) is an archaeological culture at the start of the Central European Bronze Age, dated roughly to about 2300–1600 BC. The eponymous site for this culture, the village of Únětice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːɲɛcɪtsɛ]), is located in the central Czech Republic, northwest of Prague. There are about 1,400 documented Únětice culture sites in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and 550 in Poland, with about 500 further sites and loose-finds locations in Germany. The Únětice culture is also known from northeastern Austria (in association with the so-called Böheimkirchen group) and from western Ukraine.

Bush Barrow
Bush Barrow is a site of the early British Bronze Age Wessex culture (c. 2000 BC), at the western end of the Normanton Down Barrows ancient cemetery in Wiltshire, England. It is among the most important sites of the Stonehenge complex, having produced some of the most spectacular grave goods in Britain. It was excavated in 1808 by  William Cunnington for Sir Richard Colt Hoare. The finds, including worked gold objects, are displayed at Wiltshire Museum in Devizes. The finds from Bush Barrow have been described as "the Crown Jewels of the King of Stonehenge".
Discolobium
Discolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae. It includes seven species native to South America, ranging from northern Brazil to Bolivia and northern Argentina.

Dalbergieae
The tribe Dalbergieae is an early-branching clade within the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionaceae).  Within that subfamily, it belongs to an unranked clade called the dalbergioids. It was recently revised to include many genera formerly placed in tribes Adesmieae and Aeschynomeneae and to be included in a monophyletic group informally known as the dalbergioids sensu lato. The members of this tribe have a distinctive root nodule morphology, often referred to as an "aeschynomenoid" or "dalbergioid" nodule.
Mikio Naruse
Mikio Naruse (成瀬 巳喜男, Naruse Mikio; 20 August 1905 – 2 July 1969) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter who directed 89 films spanning the period 1930 to 1967.

Naruse is known for imbuing his films with a bleak and pessimistic outlook. He made primarily shōshimin-eiga ("common people drama") films with female protagonists, portrayed by actresses such as Hideko Takamine, Kinuyo Tanaka, and Setsuko Hara. Because of his focus on family drama and the intersection of traditional and modern Japanese culture, his films have been compared with the works of Yasujirō Ozu. Many of his films in his later career were adaptations of the works of acknowledged Japanese writers. Titled a "major figure of Japan's golden age" and "supremely intelligent dramatist", he remains lesser known than his contemporaries Akira Kurosawa, Kenji Mizoguchi, and Ozu. Among his most noted films are Sound of the Mountain, Late Chrysanthemums, Floating Clouds, Flowing and When A Woman Ascends The Stairs.

Kinuyo Tanaka
Kinuyo Tanaka (Japanese: 田中 絹代, Hepburn: Tanaka Kinuyo; 29 November 1909 – 21 March 1977) was a Japanese actress and film director. She had a career lasting over 50 years with more than 250 acting credits, but was best known for her 15 films with director Kenji Mizoguchi, such as The Life of Oharu (1952) and Ugetsu (1953). With her 1953 directorial debut, Love Letter, Tanaka became the second Japanese woman to direct a film, after Tazuko Sakane. Tanaka won the Silver Bear for Best Actress for her performance in the film Sandakan No. 8 (1974).
Jason Fabok
Jason Fabok (born April 14, 1985) is a Canadian comic-book artist. He has worked almost exclusively for DC Comics for the entirety of his career. His work has been featured in acclaimed series such as Batman, Detective Comics, Justice League, and the Eisner Award-winning Swamp Thing: The Talk of the Saints short story.

Scott Snyder
Scott Snyder (born January 15, 1976) is an American comic book author. He is known for his 2006 short story collection Voodoo Heart, and his work for DC Comics, including series such as American Vampire, Detective Comics, a highly acclaimed run on Batman, Swamp Thing, and Justice League as well as the company-wide crossover storylines "Dark Nights: Metal" and "Dark Nights: Death Metal." He has also written creator-owned comics published through Image Comics, including Wytches, Undiscovered Country, and Nocterra.

As part of his DC work, he co-created the characters, The Batman Who Laughs, Mr. Bloom, and the Court of Owls.

Snyder has garnered acclaim from critics and fans for his work, such as his run on The New 52 version of Batman that debuted in 2011, and has won numerous industry awards, including three Eisner Awards, a Harvey Award, and a 2012 Eagle Award for Best Writer.
Nicolas de L'Hôpital
Nicolas de L'Hôpital de Vitry (1581–28 September 1644) was a French noble, military leader, and friend of Louis XIII. Made Marshal of France in 1617, he was often called Maréchal de Vitry. His noble title was marquis (later duc) de Vitry; he was also seigneur de Nandy et de Coubert.

Marshal of France
Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration, and one of the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the First French Empire (when the title was Marshal of the Empire, not Marshal of France).

Between the end of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century, six Marshals of France were given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France: Biron, Lesdiguières, Turenne, Villars, Saxe, and Soult.

The distinction of Admiral of France is the equivalent in the French Navy.
Belgrade Zoo
Beo zoo vrt (Serbian Cyrillic: Бео зоо врт), also known as Vrt dobre nade (Serbian Cyrilic: Врт добре наде, The Garden of good hope), is a publicly owned zoo in Belgrade, Serbia. Established on July 12, 1936, it situated in the historic Kalemegdan Park. Belgrade zoo covers an area of 7 hectares (17 acres) and houses a collection of 210 animal species, with approximately 800 individuals, making it the largest zoological garden in Serbia. With around 400,000 annual visitors it is also recognized as one of the most popular tourist attractions in Belgrade.

Ada Ciganlija
Ada Ciganlija (Serbian Cyrillic: Ада Циганлија, pronounced [ˈǎːda tsiˈɡǎnlija]), colloquially shortened to Ada, is a river island that has artificially been turned into a peninsula, located in the Sava River's course through central Belgrade, Serbia. The name can also refer to the adjoining artificial Lake Sava and its beach. To take advantage of its central location, over the past few decades, it was turned into an immensely popular recreational zone, most notable for its beaches and sports facilities, which, during summer seasons, can have over 100,000 visitors daily and up to 300,000 visitors over the weekend. Owing to this popularity, Ada Ciganlija has been commonly nicknamed "More Beograda" ('Belgrade's Sea'), which was officially accepted as an advertising slogan in 2008, stylised as More BeogrADA.
Allagappa
Allagappa is a small town in Myinmu Township in the southeast of the Sagaing Division in Burma.  It is located west of Myinmu, near the northern bank of the Irrawaddy River. It lies in the Allagappa Valley, about 30 miles west of Sagaing city. It is connected by road to the main Monywa to Sagaing road and has a divisional medical centre. Allagappa was occupied in late January 1944 by the 100th Infantry Brigade of the British Indian Army during World War II.

Myinmu
Myinmu  (Burmese: မြင်းမူ) is a river town in the south-east of the Sagaing Division in Burma. The town has a rich history linked to World War II during the Burma Campaign against the Japanese, in 1944. It was also under the control of the Portuguese Missionaries in the 19th century. One of the first agricultural cooperatives was established here in 1905.
Hinuq language
The Hinuq language (autonym: гьинузас мец hinuzas mec, also known as Hinukh, Hinux, Ginukh, or Ginux) is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Tsezic subgroup. It is spoken by about 200 to 500 people, the Hinukhs, in the Tsuntinsky District of southwestern Dagestan, mainly in the village of Genukh (Hinukh: Hino). Hinukh is very closely related to Tsez, but they are not entirely mutually intelligible.

Only half of the children of the village speak the Hinukh language. As Hinukh is unwritten, Avar and Russian are used as literary languages. Hinukh is not considered to have dialects, but due to its linguistic proximity to Tsez, it was once considered a Tsez dialect.

The Hinukh people were already mentioned in the Georgian chronicles of the Early Middle Ages. The language itself was first described in 1916 by Russian ethnographer A. Serzhputovsky.

Tsezic languages
The Tsezic languages (also called Didoic languages) form one of the seven main branches of the Northeast Caucasian language family. It branches into Tsez–Hinukh and Bezhta–Hunzib–Khwarshi, according to research published in 2009. They were formerly classified geographically into East Tsezic (Hinukh and Bezhta) and West Tsezic (Tsez, Khwarshi and Hunzib).
The Avar language serves as the literary language for speakers of Tsezic languages.