hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Blase Cupich
Blase Joseph Cupich (/ˈsuːpɪtʃ/ SOO-pitch; born March 19, 1949) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Archbishop of Chicago since 2014. He was made a cardinal in 2016.

Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Cupich was ordained a priest in 1975. He was named Bishop of Rapid City by Pope John Paul II in 1998. Cupich was then named Bishop of Spokane by Pope Benedict XVI in 2010. After being chosen by Pope Francis as Archbishop of Chicago, Cupich was installed there in 2014. In 2016 he was made a member the Roman Curia's Congregation for Bishops. He was appointed to the Congregation for Catholic Education in 2017.

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in the United States. Founded in 2001 after the merger of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) and United States Catholic Conference (USCC), the USCCB is a registered corporation based in Washington, D.C.

As with all bishops' conferences, certain decisions and acts of the USCCB must receive the recognitio, or approval, of the Roman dicasteries, which are subject to the immediate and absolute authority of the Pope.

As of November 2025, the USCCB president is Archbishop Paul S. Coakley of the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City. The vice president is Bishop Daniel E. Flores of the Diocese of Brownsville.
Fillmore, Utah
Fillmore is a city in and the county seat of Millard County, Utah, United States. The population was 2,592 at the 2020 United States census. It is named for the thirteenth U.S. President Millard Fillmore, who was in office when Millard County was created by the Utah Territorial legislature.

Fillmore was the capital of the Utah Territory from 1851 to 1856, although the territorial legislature met in Fillmore only one term (1855). The original Utah Territorial Statehouse building still stands.

Utah Territorial Statehouse
The Utah Territorial Statehouse, officially Territorial Statehouse State Park Museum, is a state park in Fillmore, Utah. The museum and park preserves the original seat of government for Utah Territory before the capital was moved to Salt Lake City in 1856. Built from 1852 to 1855, the statehouse was initially intended as a larger structure, but only the south wing was completed before the project was abandoned due to lack of federal funding. After its construction, the Utah Territorial Legislative Assembly met in the building for only one full session and parts of two others.
Rossmore, County Tipperary
Rossmore (Irish: An Ros Mór, meaning 'the big wood') is a small village and townland in County Tipperary in Ireland. It is in the civil parish of Clonoulty and the historical barony of Kilnamanagh Lower. It is located in the electoral division (ED) of Clonoulty West. Rossmore is also half of the Catholic parish of Clonoulty and Rossmore in the Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.

Kilnamanagh Lower
Kilnamanagh Lower (Irish: Cill na Manach Íochtarach) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Dundrum. The barony lies between Kilnamanagh Upper to the north (whose chief town is Borrisoleigh), Clanwilliam to the south (whose chief town is Cahir) and Eliogarty to the east (whose chief town is Thurles). It is currently administered by Tipperary County Council.
Cherry Hill Public Schools
The Cherry Hill Public Schools are a comprehensive community public school district, serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Cherry Hill, in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of 19 schools, had an enrollment of 10,772 students and 882.1 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.2:1. It was the state's twelfth-largest school district in 2011 and is one of the largest suburban districts.

Coles High School Program
The Coles High School Program (formerly known as Cherry Hill Alternative High School or Estelle Malberg Alternative High School) is an alternative public high school in Cherry Hill in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, for students who need behavioral and emotional support.

Starting in the 2024–25 school year, the Cherry Hill Alternative High School was moved from the Lewis Administration Building and renamed as the Coles High School Program, operated as a school-within-a-school at Cherry Hill High School East.
Edwardsburg, Michigan
Edwardsburg is a village within Ontwa Township in Cass County in the U.S. state of Michigan, northeast of South Bend.  The population was 1,304 at the 2020 census. It is part of the South Bend–Mishawaka, IN-MI, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area
The South Bend–Mishawaka Metropolitan Statistical Area, sometimes referred to as Michiana, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in northern Indiana (St. Joseph) and one in southwest Michigan (Cass), anchored by the cities of South Bend and Mishawaka in Indiana. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 319,224 (though a July 1, 2019 estimate placed the population at 318,192).
Downing College, Cambridge
Downing College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge and currently has around 950 students. Founded in 1800, it was the only college to be added to the university between 1596 and 1869, and is often described as the oldest of the new colleges and the newest of the old. Downing College was formed "for the encouragement of the study of Law and Medicine and of the cognate subjects of Moral and Natural Science", and has developed a reputation amongst Cambridge colleges for Law and Medicine.

In 2012, Downing was named one of the two most eco-friendly Cambridge colleges.

Lawrence Collins, Baron Collins of Mapesbury
Lawrence Antony Collins, Baron Collins of Mapesbury PC, FBA (born 7 May 1941) is a British judge and former Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. He was also appointed to the Court of Final Appeal of Hong Kong on 11 April 2011 as a non-permanent judge from other common law jurisdictions. He resigned from the court on 6 June 2024 due to the political situation in Hong Kong.

He was formerly a partner in the British law firm Herbert Smith. He is now a full time international arbitrator, Chair of Laws at UCL Faculty of Laws.
Sterling Van Wagenen
Sterling Gray Van Wagenen (born July 2, 1947) is an American film and stage producer, writer, director, and convicted sex offender. He is a co-founder of the Sundance Film Festival, and, in association with his former cousin-in-law Robert Redford, he was the founding executive director of the Sundance Institute.

In 2019, Van Wagenen was convicted of child sexual abuse and sentenced to six years to life in prison.

Sundance Institute
The Sundance Institute is a non-profit organization founded by actor Robert Redford committed to the aesthetic  growth and promotion of independent artists. The institute is driven by its programs that discover and support independent filmmakers, theatre artists and composers from all over the world. At the core of the programs is the goal to introduce audiences to the artists' new work, aided by the institute's labs, granting and mentorship programs that take place throughout the year in the United States and internationally.

The institute has offices in Park City, Los Angeles, and New York City, and provides creative and financial support to emerging and aspiring filmmakers, directors, producers, film composers, screenwriters, playwrights and theatre artists through a series of Labs and fellowships. The programs of Sundance Institute include the Sundance Film Festival, which is critically acclaimed. It promotes independent filmmakers, storytellers, and composers.
Tracheotomy
Tracheotomy (/ˌtreɪkiˈɒtəmi/, UK also /ˌtræki-/), or tracheostomy, is a surgical airway management procedure which consists of making an incision on the front of the neck to open a direct airway to the trachea. The resulting stoma (hole) can serve independently as an airway or as a site for a tracheal tube (or tracheostomy tube) to be inserted; this tube allows a person to breathe without the use of the nose or mouth.

Surgical airway management
Surgical airway management (bronchotomy) is the medical procedure ensuring an open airway between a patient's lungs and the outside world. Surgical methods for airway management rely on making a surgical incision below the glottis in order to achieve direct access to the lower respiratory tract, bypassing the upper respiratory tract. Surgical airway management is often performed as a last resort in cases where orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation are impossible or contraindicated. Surgical airway management is also used when a person will need a mechanical ventilator for a longer period. The surgical creation of a permanent opening in the larynx is referred to as laryngostomy.
Surgical airway management is a primary consideration in anaesthesia, emergency medicine and intensive care medicine.

Surgical methods for airway management include cricothyrotomy and tracheostomy
ISSF World Shooting Championships
The ISSF World Shooting Championships are governed by the International Shooting Sport Federation. These championships, including all ISSF shooting events, are held every four years since 1954. For the shotgun events only, there is an additional World Championship competition in odd years.

ISSF 25 meter center-fire pistol
25 meter center-fire pistol is one of the ISSF shooting events, and is normally a men-only event. Its origin lies in competitions with military-style service pistols, and as such its history dates back to the 19th century.

25 meter pistol (formerly called sport pistol) is essentially the women's equivalent of this event, the only difference being the smaller rimfire caliber handguns used (often the same models only chambered for the smaller caliber).
Montejurra incidents
The Montejurra incidents, was a neo-fascist terrorist attack that took place on 9 May 1976, when two Carlist members were killed and another three seriously wounded by right-wing gunmen at the annual Carlist Party celebration that was held in Montejurra, Navarre, Spain.

Montejurra
Montejurra in Spanish and Jurramendi in Basque are the names of a mountain in Navarre region (Spain). Each year, it hosts a Carlist celebration in remembrance of the 1873 Battle of Montejurra during the Third Carlist War. In 2004, approximately 1,000 persons turned out.

Between 1960 and 1971, the Carlists published a monthly magazine named Montejurra.

On 9 May 1976, during the Spanish Transition, far right-wing gunmen supported by the Spanish secret services, killed two people at a ceremony held by the left-wing Carlist Party. This became known as the Montejurra Incidents.  The Carlist Party organizes an annual gathering at Montejurra, where Carlists and other leftists honor the dead.
Diphasium
Diphasium is a genus of lycophytes in the family Lycopodiaceae. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the subfamily Lycopodioideae. Some sources do not recognize the genus, sinking it into Lycopodium, others include it in Diphasiastrum. Diphasium species are mostly native to the temperate southern hemisphere, but extend northwards into Central America and the Caribbean.

Lycopodioideae
Lycopodioideae is a subfamily in the family Lycopodiaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). It is equivalent to a broad circumscription of the genus Lycopodium in other classifications. Like all lycophytes, members of the Lycopodioideae reproduce by spores. The oldest fossils of modern members of the subfamily date to the Early Cretaceous.
Thimblemill Library
Thimblemill Library is located in Smethwick, in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell. It was built in 1937 and designed by Smethwick Borough engineer Roland Fletcher and Chester Button, an architect.

It is built in brick in the Moderne style and was given Grade II listed building status in March 2003, legally protecting it from unauthorised alteration or demolition. The English Heritage list entry describes the building as "Warley Branch Library, Smethwick".

The building, at the junction of Beakes Road and Thimblemill Road, was renovated and extended in 2008. It offers a modern range of digital services and community space.

It is named after a nearby former watermill called the Thimble Mill.

Smethwick
Smethwick (/ˈsmɛðɪk/) is an industrial town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England. It lies 4 miles (6 km) west of Birmingham city centre. Historically it was in Staffordshire and then Worcestershire before being placed into West Midlands county.

In 2019, the ward of Smethwick had an estimated population of 15,246, while the wider built-up area subdivision has a population of 53,653.
Gottan
The gottan (Hiragana: ごったん), also known as the hako shamisen ("box shamisen") or ita shamisen ("board shamisen"), is a traditional Japanese three-stringed plucked instrument, often regarded as either a relative or derivative of the sanshin, itself a relative of the shamisen.

The gottan is primarily performed publicly in the Kyushu region, especially in prefectures of Kagoshima and Miyazaki.

Traditional Japanese musical instruments
Traditional Japanese musical instruments, known as wagakki (和楽器) in Japanese, are musical instruments used in the traditional folk music of Japan. They comprise a range of string, wind, and percussion instruments.
United States Seventh Fleet
The Seventh Fleet is a numbered fleet of the United States Navy. It is headquartered at U.S. Fleet Activities Yokosuka, in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is part of the United States Pacific Fleet. At present, it is the largest of the forward-deployed U.S. fleets, with 50 to 70 ships, 150 aircraft and 27,000 sailors and marines. Its principal responsibilities are to provide joint command in natural disaster or military operations and operational command of all U.S. naval forces in the region.

Taiwan Strait
The Taiwan Strait (Chinese: 台湾海峡; Pinyin: Táiwān Hǎixiá) is a 180-kilometer-wide (110 mi; 97 nmi) strait separating the island of Taiwan and the Asian continent. The strait connects the South China Sea to the south, and the East China Sea to the north. The narrowest part is 126 km (78 mi; 68 nmi) wide.
Gilyuy
The Gilyuy (Russian: Гилю́й) is a river in Amur Oblast, Russia. It is a right tributary of the Zeya, and is 545 km long, with a drainage basin of 22,500 km2. The river has its sources on the southern slopes of the Stanovoy Mountains, passes near Tynda and flows southeast into the Zeya Reservoir.

Its main tributaries are the Mogot and the Tynda.

Zeya (river)
The Zeya (Russian: Зе́я; from indigenous Evenki word "djee" (blade); Chinese: 结雅; Manchu: ᠵᡳᠩᡴᡳᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ, Mölendroff: jingkiri bira) is a northern, left tributary of the Amur in Amur Oblast, Russia. It is 1,242 km (772 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 233,000 km2 (90,000 sq mi). The average flow of the river is 1,810 m3/s (64,000 cu ft/s).
Penn Entertainment
Penn Entertainment, Inc., formerly Penn National Gaming, is an American entertainment company and operator of integrated entertainment, sports content, and casino gambling. It operates 43 properties in 20 states, under brands including Hollywood Casino, Ameristar, and Boomtown. It also owns the Canadian digital media company Score Media and Gaming.

It also offers sports betting in 17 U.S. jurisdictions and online casino gaming in five, under the brand theScore Bet.

Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course
The Hollywood Casino at Penn National Race Course is a thoroughbred horse racing track and casino which is located in Grantville, Pennsylvania, 17 miles (27 km) east of Harrisburg. It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn Entertainment.

This track is also home to Eclipse Special Award winner Rapid Redux and his trainer David J. Wells.
Aṉangu
Aṉangu is the name used by members of several Aboriginal Australian groups, roughly equivalent to the Western Desert cultural bloc, to describe themselves. The term, which embraces several distinct "tribes" or peoples, in particular the Ngaanyatjarra, Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara groups, is pronounced with the stress on the first syllable: [ˈaɳaŋʊ].

Western Desert cultural bloc
The Western Desert cultural bloc (also capitalised, abbreviated to WDCB, or just Western Desert) is a cultural region in central Australia covering about 600,000 square kilometres (230,000 mi2), used to describe a group of linguistically and culturally similar Aboriginal Australian nations.
Title 21 CFR Part 11
Title 21 CFR Part 11 is the part of Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations that establishes the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations on electronic records and electronic signatures (ERES). Part 11, as it is commonly called, defines the criteria under which electronic records and electronic signatures are considered trustworthy, reliable, and equivalent to paper records (Title 21 CFR Part 11 Section 11.1 (a)).

Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations
Title 21 is the portion of the Code of Federal Regulations that governs food and drugs within the United States for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP).

It is divided into three chapters:

Chapter I — Food and Drug Administration

Chapter II — Drug Enforcement Administration

Chapter III — Office of National Drug Control Policy
Eurotium
Eurotium is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Aspergillaceae.

The genus was circumscribed by Heinrich Friedrich Link in 1809.

Because of nomenclatural changes brought about by one fungus one name, most of the species formerly placed in Eurotium have been transferred to Aspergillus. It mainly contained teleomorphs of subgenus Aspergillus.

As of April 2025, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts four species of Eurotium:

Eurotium acutum Blaser (1976)

Eurotium carnoyi Malloch & Cain (1972)
Re-assigned to Aspergillus neocarnoyi Kozak (1989) in Houbracken et al. (2020)

Eurotium lateritium Mont. (1849)

Eurotium microsporum Massee & E.S.Salmon (1901)

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Rhachidosorus
Rhachidosorus is a genus of ferns in the order Polypodiales. It is the only genus in the family Rhachidosoraceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Alternatively, the genus may be placed in the subfamily Rhachidosoroideae of a more broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, the family placement used in Plants of the World Online as of November 2019.

Polypodiales
The order Polypodiales encompasses the major lineages of polypod ferns, which account for more than 80% of today's fern species. They are found in many parts of the world including tropical, semitropical and temperate areas.
Taiz
Taiz (Arabic: تَعِزّ, romanized: Taʿizz) is a city in southwestern Yemen. It is located in the Yemeni highlands, near the port city of Mocha on the Red Sea, at an elevation of about 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) above sea level. It is the capital of Taiz Governorate. As of 2023, the city has an estimated population of approximately 940,600 residents, making it the third largest city in Yemen.

Jabal Sabir
Jabal Sabir (Arabic: جَبَل صَبَر, romanized: Jabal Ṣabar), also spelled Jabal Saber, is a mountain located in the southern part of Taiz Governorate, Yemen, near the city of Taiz. At more than 3,000 meters, it is one of the highest mountains in Yemen.
Gram Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Gram municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in South Jutland County on the Jutland peninsula in south Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 131 km2, and had a total population of 4,860 (2005).  Its last mayor was Hans Peter Geil, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The site of its municipal council was in the town of Gram.

Gram municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with existing Haderslev and Vojens municipalities, as well as Bjerning, Hjerndrup, Fjelstrup og Bevtoft parishes of Christiansfeld municipality to form the new Haderslev municipality in Region of Southern Denmark.

Gram, Denmark
Gram (German: Gramm) is a town with a population of 2,448 (as of 1 January 2025), in Haderslev Municipality in Denmark on the southern part of the Jutland peninsula in Southern Denmark. It is the location of Gram Castle.

Gram was the municipal seat of the now abolished Gram Municipality.
Oruç Reis-class submarine
The Oruç Reis-class submarines were ordered by the Turkish Navy from the British company Vickers in 1939. They were similar to the British S-class submarines, but slightly smaller. They had the S-class machinery but only four bow torpedo tubes. The four boats were requisitioned by the Royal Navy on the outbreak of World War II and fought in the British fleet as the P611 class. Two submarines were delivered to the Turks in 1942 in order to bolster Turkish strength against the threat from Nazi Germany and the remaining surviving submarine was delivered to the Turkish Navy after the end of the war in 1945. P615 had been sunk in 1943. The three Turkish boats were scrapped in 1957.

P614 and P615 appear in the film We Dive at Dawn as HMS Sea Tiger.

British S-class submarine (1931)
The S-class submarines of the Royal Navy were originally designed and built during the modernisation of the submarine force in the early 1930s to meet the need for smaller boats to patrol the restricted waters of the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, replacing the British H-class submarines. As part of the major naval construction for the Royal Navy during the Second World War, the S class became the single largest group of submarines ever built for the Royal Navy. A total of 62 were constructed over a period of 15 years, with fifty of the "improved" S class being launched between 1940 and 1945.

At the start of the Second World War the S class was together with the British U and T class, Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII one of the most advanced submarine classes in service at the time.
Opole County, Opole Voivodeship
Opole County (Polish: powiat opolski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Opole Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Opole, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains four towns: Ozimek, 20 km (12 mi) east of Opole, Niemodlin, 24 km (15 mi) west of Opole, Prószków, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Opole, and Tułowice, 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Opole.

The county covers an area of 1,586.82 square kilometres (612.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 123,487, out of which the population of Ozimek is 8,657, that of Niemodlin is 6,315, that of Tułowice is 4,011, that of Prószków is 2,570, and the rural population is 101,934.

Prószków
Prószków ([ˈpruʂkuf], German: Proskau; Silesian: Prōszkow) is a town in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Gmina Prószków, a Polish/German bilingual commune since 2006.