hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Education (Tunisia)
The Ministry of Education is responsible for the administration of education in Tunisia. It has its headquarters at Boulevard Bab Bnet 1030 in Tunis. As of 2015 it was directed by Néji Jalloul. In May 2017, the government fired Jalloul and replaced him with Slim Khalbous.

The Ministry is responsible for ensuring the right to education and training of all Tunisians according to law No. 2002-80 of 23 July 2002 on education. It pays special attention to children with special needs and those of Tunisian nationals abroad. The department facilitates public education and training systems and institutions and structures on a local, regional and national scale, and also overlooks private schools and preschooling.

Néji Jalloul
Néji Jalloul is a Tunisian politician. He served as Minister of Education in the cabinet of Prime Minister Habib Essid and he continued to serve in this position in the cabinet of Prime Minister Youssef Chahed.

He was a candidate in the 2019 Tunisian presidential election.
Julien Foucaud
Julien Foucaud (2 July 1847, in Saint-Clément – 26 April 1904, in Rochefort) was a French botanist.

From 1867 to 1885, he was an assistant teacher and teacher in several schools in the department of Charente-Maritime. In February 1885, he was appointed director of the naval botanical garden in Rochefort.

In February 1878, he became a member of the Société Botanique de France. Taxa with the specific epithet of foucaudii are named in his honor. In collaboration with Georges Rouy, he described numerous plant species.

Georges Rouy
Georges Rouy (2 December 1851, Paris – 25 December 1924, Asnières-sur-Seine) was a French botanist who was among the first to identify infraspecific (i.e., below the level of species) taxa, including: subspecies, varieties, and forms.
Isididae
Isididae is a family of octocorals belonging to the order Malacalcyonacea and formerly to the order Calcaxonia. Currently, the family only includes the genera Isis, Hicksonella and Rumphella.

Prior to 2021/2016, the family Isididae included the genus Isis plus all the genera of the current families Chelidonisididae, Keratoisididae and Mopseidae, while the genera Hicksonella and Rumphella were included in the family Gorgoniidae in the former order Holaxonia.

Calcaxonia
Calcaxonia (1981 - 1999 known only under the informal name restricted Holaxonia) was, in some systems, an Octocorallian suborder of the order Gorgonacea, or alternatively of the broadly conceived order Alcyonacea. Before its formal erection in 1999, it was usually included inside the suborder Holaxonia.

According to a 2022 revision of Octocorallia, former Calcaxonia is part of the newly created order Scleralcyonacea, with the exception of the Calcaxonian genus Isis which is included in the order Malacalcyonacea. Within Scleralcyonacea, almost all former Calcaxonia taxa form together one unnamed clade, only Ellisellidae and Dendrobrachiidae (and possibly also Chelidonisididae) are parts of other clades of Scleralcyonacea.
Phil White (American football)
Phillip Elmer White (May 17, 1900 – May 29, 1982) was an American football player and physician. He played college football for the Oklahoma Sooners from 1918 to 1920 and for the Tennessee Docs at University of Tennessee College of Medicine from 1922 to 1924. He led both the Sooners and the Docs to undefeated seasons and was selected as a first-team halfback on the 1920 All-America college football team. He played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) for the Kansas City Cowboys in 1925 and for the New York Giants in 1925 and 1927. He helped the 1927 Giants win the NFL championship.

After his football career ended, White worked as a physician in Oklahoma City for over 30 years. He lived in Oklahoma City until he died in 1982 at age of 82.

1920 All-America college football team
The 1920 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1920. The four selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1920 season are (1) Walter Camp (WC), whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly; (2) Football World magazine; (4) the International News Service, a news service operated by the Hearst newspapers; and (3) the Frank Menke syndicate (FM).   Additional notable selectors who chose All-American teams in 1920 included Walter Eckersall (WE) of the Chicago Tribune, the United Press (UP), and The New York Times (NYT).
47th César Awards
The 47th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, took place on 25 February 2022 honouring the best French films of 2021. Screenwriter and director Danièle Thompson presided the ceremony that was hosted by Antoine de Caunes. Australian actress and producer Cate Blanchett received the Honorary César. The ceremony was dedicated to actor Gaspard Ulliel, who died on 19 January 2022. In September 2021, the governing association of the César Awards voted to create two new awards that were introduced in the 47th ceremony: Best Visual Effects and Best Documentary Short Film.

Drama film Lost Illusions led all nominees with 15 nominations, followed by Annette and Aline with eleven and ten nominations, respectively. Lost Illusions went on to win seven awards, more than any other film in the ceremony, including Best Film.

Lost Illusions (2021 film)
Lost Illusions (French: Illusions perdues) is a 2021 French drama film directed by Xavier Giannoli, from a screenplay by Giannoli and Jacques Fieschi, based upon the first two parts of Illusions perdues (1837–43) by Honoré de Balzac. It stars Benjamin Voisin, Xavier Dolan, Vincent Lacoste, Cécile de France, Gérard Depardieu, and Jeanne Balibar.

It had its world premiere at the 78th Venice Film Festival on 5 September 2021. It is  released in France on 20 October 2021, by Gaumont. The film received fifteen nominations at the 47th César Awards, winning in seven categories, including Best Film,  Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, Best Supporting Actor for Lacoste, and Most Promising Actor for Voisin.
Bugna
Bugna (Amharic: ቡግና būgnā, not pronounced "buña") is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. It is named after the former district. Located in the northwest corner of the Semien Wollo Zone, Bugna is bordered on the south by Meket, on the west by the Debub Gondar Zone, on the north by the Wag Hemra Zone, and on the east by the Lasta woreda. The main town is Ayne. The Lasta woreda, where Lalibela is, was split off from Bugna.

Lasta (woreda)
Lasta (Amharic: ላስታ) is a woreda (district) in the Semien Wollo Zone (North Wollo) of the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is bordered on the south by Meket woreda, on the west by Bugna woreda, on the north by Wag Hemra Zone, and on the east by Gidan woreda. Its major town is Lalibela, known for its monolithic churches. Lasta split off from the Bugna woreda.
Trams in Subotica
The Subotica tram system was a tram system in Subotica, Serbia. It was in operation from 7 September 1897 to 2 April 1974.

The first tram line went from the Sombor gate to the present day NAP gas station in Mali Bajmok over Rudic street, follogin Korz to Lake Palić. One tram from the system remains to this day, at the corner of Rudić street.

Subotica
Subotica (Serbian Cyrillic: Суботица, pronounced [sǔbotitsa] ⓘ; Hungarian: Szabadka, pronounced [ˈsɒbɒtkɒ]) is a city in Central Europe and the administrative center of the North Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Formerly the largest city of Vojvodina region, contemporary Subotica is now the second largest city in the province, following the city of Novi Sad. According to the 2022 census, the city proper has a population of 88,752, while the population of the administrative area of the city stands at 123,952 people.
Saemangeum
Saemangeum (Korean pronunciation: [sɛmanɡɯm]) is an estuarine tidal flat on the coast of the Yellow Sea in South Korea.  It was dammed by the government of South Korea's Saemangeum Seawall Project, completed in 2006, after a long fight between the government and environmental activists, and is scheduled to be converted into either agricultural or industrial land.  Prior to 2010, it had played an important role as a habitat for migratory birds.

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
Douglas Robert Nowicki
Douglas Robert Nowicki, O.S.B. (May 8, 1945 - July 23, 2024) was an American Benedictine monk and Catholic priest. From 1991 to 2020, he served as the 11th Archabbot of Saint Vincent Archabbey in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, and by extension, the Chancellor of Saint Vincent College and the Chancellor of Saint Vincent Seminary. Nowicki became solemnly professed on July 11, 1966, and was ordained a priest on May 21, 1972. He served the monastic community and the Diocese of Pittsburgh in various capacities before his election as archabbot in 1991.

Saint Vincent Archabbey
Saint Vincent Archabbey is a Benedictine monastery in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania in the city of Latrobe. A member of the American-Cassinese Congregation, it is the oldest Benedictine monastery in the United States and the largest in the Western Hemisphere. The shrine is dedicated to Saint Vincent de Paul.

Pope Pius XII raised the monastery church to the status of a Minor basilica via his decree Quasi fons lucis on 25 August 1955.
Story of the Poor, Forlorn Wren
The Story of the Poor, Forlorn Wren is a work of Akkadian literature in the form of a disputation, preserved only in late manuscripts. It contains a fable featuring a wren and an eagle. It is an example of poetic expression in the literature of Iraq in the first millennium BCE.

Akkadian literature
Akkadian literature is the ancient literature written in the East Semitic Akkadian language (Assyrian and Babylonian dialects) in Mesopotamia (Akkad, Assyria, and Babylonia) during the period spanning the Middle Bronze Age to the Iron Age (roughly the 25th to 4th centuries BC).

Drawing on the traditions of Sumerian literature, the Akkadians, Assyrians, and Babylonians compiled a substantial textual tradition of mythological narrative, legal texts, scientific works, letters and other literary forms. Conversely, Akkadian also influenced Sumerian literature.
Södertälje
Södertälje (/ˌsɜːrdərˈtɛljə, ˌsʌd-/ SU(R)D-ər-TEL-yə, Swedish: [sœdɛˈʈɛ̂lːjɛ] ⓘ) is a city in Stockholm County, Sweden and seat of Södertälje Municipality. It is also a part of Greater Stockholm Metropolitan Area. As of 2020, it has 73,872 inhabitants. Södertälje is located at Mälarens confluence in to the Baltic Sea through the lock in the Södertälje Canal. Since year 2000, it is the largest city located entirely within the province of Södermanland.

Arthur Good
Arthur Good (16 or 26 August 1853 – 30 March 1928) was a French engineer, science educator, author and caricaturist who used the pen name Tom Tit.  He wrote a series of weekly articles, La Science Amusante, or Amusing Science, that were collected in book form and have been translated and republished in more than 130 editions in several languages.  The illustrations for his do-it-yourself scientific apparatuses have been described as surrealist collages, and were an inspiration for surrealist artists such as Max Ernst and Joseph Cornell.
Plasma Mobile
Plasma Mobile is a Plasma variant for smartphones. It is currently available for the PinePhone, and supported devices for postmarketOS such as the OnePlus 6.

It is shipped by several Linux distributions, such as postmarketOS and Manjaro.

Manjaro
Manjaro (/mænˈdʒɑːroʊ/ man-JA-row) is a free and open-source Linux distribution based on the Arch Linux operating system with a focus on user-friendliness, accessibility, and improved software testing and stability compared to its upstream sources. It uses a rolling release update model with Pacman-derived package managers. Manjaro is developed mainly in Austria, France and Germany.

Reviewers often describe Manjaro Linux as a Linux distribution that is easy to set up and use, suitable for both beginners and experienced users. It is recommended as an easy and friendly way to install and maintain a cutting-edge Arch-derived distribution. Some reviewers find appeal in the large range of contributed software available in the Arch User Repository (AUR), which has a reputation for being kept up to date from upstream resources. Others highlight the wide selection of official and community editions with different desktop environments.
Roja Selvamani
R. K. Roja Selvamani (born Sri Latha Reddy), is an Indian politician and actress. She served as Minister for Tourism, Culture and Youth Advancement of Andhra Pradesh since 11 April 2022 until a landslide defeat in 2024 assembly elections.

Roja was born in Bhakarapeta, Tirupati to Nagaraja Reddy and Lalitha Reddy, she has two brothers by the name of Kumaraswamy Reddy and Ramaprasad Reddy. Roja was a leading and established actress in the Indian cinema featuring in multiple Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films as a leading actress from the 1990s till 2000s and featured in blockbuster films such as Chembaruthi (1992), Sarpayagam (1992), Anna (1994), Gadibidi Ganda (1993) and Unnidathil Ennai Koduthen (1998).

Roja became the Minister for Tourism Culture and Youth Advancement for the Government of Andhra Pradesh in April 2022.

Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Telugu
The Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress Award – Telugu is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Telugu films in India. The award was introduced and first given at the 50th Filmfare Awards South in 2002.
Joga Pradīpikā
The Joga Pradīpikā (जोगप्रदीपिका, "A Small Light on Yoga") is a hatha yoga text by Ramanandi Jayatarama written in 1737 in a mixture of Hindi, Braj Bhasa, Khari Boli and forms close to Sanskrit. It presents 6 cleansing methods, 84 asanas, 24 mudras and 8 kumbhakas. The text is illustrated in an 1830 manuscript with 84 paintings of asanas, prepared about a hundred years after the text.

Siddhasana
Siddhasana (Sanskrit: सिद्धासन; IAST: siddhāsana) or Accomplished Pose is an ancient seated asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise suitable for meditation. The names Muktasana (Sanskrit: मुक्तासन, Liberated Pose) and Burmese position are sometimes given to the same pose, sometimes to an easier variant, Ardha Siddhasana. Svastikasana has each foot tucked as snugly as possible into the fold of the opposite knee.

Siddhasana is one of the oldest asanas. It is described as a meditation seat in the early Hatha Yoga text, the 10th century Goraksha Sataka. This states that Siddhasana ranks alongside Padmasana (lotus position) as the most important of the asanas, opening the way to liberation. The 15th-century Hatha Yoga Pradipika similarly suggests that all other asanas are unnecessary once Siddhasana has been mastered.
FLY Leasing
FLY Leasing (FLY) is an aircraft leasing investment company.

Its fleet comprises 110 aircraft, mostly Airbus A320 and Boeing 737 aircraft. FLY does not manage its own fleet, instead leases are managed and executed by BBAM, a leasing management firm. FLY strictly focuses on the investment and return of the aircraft instead of carrying out day-to-day operations. As a result, FLY has few employees. Onex, in December 2012, acquired 50% of FLY's portfolio manager BBAM and invested $75 million into FLY. In August 2021, Carlyle Aviation Partners announced the completion of the acquisition of FLY.

BBAM
BBAM LLC is an aircraft lease company based in San Francisco, United States. BBAM was originally part of the Australian group Babcock & Brown.

In 2017, it had become the seventh largest aircraft leasing company of the world, managing a fleet of 390 aircraft.
China Railways SL6
The China Railways SL6 (勝利6, Shènglì, "victory") is the People's Republic's designation for a class of 4-6-2 "Pacific" superheated two-cylinder passenger steam locomotives operated by the China Railway. Originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), the Manchukuo National Railway, the Central China Railway and the North China Transportation Company by several Japanese manufacturers between 1934 and 1940, they were the most numerous class of steam passenger locomotive in China, with 422 eventually built.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Assault Craft Unit 1
Assault Craft Unit ONE, (ACU-1) is a Pacific Ocean Maritime Prepositioning Force in the United States Navy operated under Naval Beach Group ONE out of Naval Amphibious Base (NAB) Coronado with a Forward Detachment in Sasebo, Japan.  ACU-1's force consists of Landing Craft Utility (LCU)  boats, Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM), Mark 8 boats, and Maritime Prepositioning Force Utility Boats (MPFUBs).  The sister unit of ACU-1 is Assault Craft Unit 2 in Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek, Virginia.

Assault Craft Unit 2
Assault Craft Unit TWO (ACU-2) is an Atlantic Ocean Maritime Prepositioning Force in the United States Navy operated under Naval Beach Group Two out of Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek, Virginia. ACU-2's force consists of Landing Craft Utility boats (LCU), Landing Craft Mechanized, Mark 8 boats (LCM), and Maritime Prepositioning Force Utility Boats (MPFUB). The sister unit of ACU-2 is Assault Craft Unit 1 in Naval Amphibious Base Coronado.
Old Tolbooth, Edinburgh
The Old Tolbooth was an important municipal building in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, for more than 400 years. The medieval structure, which was located at the northwest corner of St Giles' Cathedral and was attached to the west end of the Luckenbooths on the High Street in the Old Town, was first established in the 14th century by royal charter. Over the years it served a variety of purposes such as housing the Burgh Council, early meetings of the Parliament of Scotland and the Court of Session. The Tolbooth was also the burgh's main jail where, in addition to incarceration, physical punishment and torture were routinely conducted. From 1785 public executions were carried out. In 1817 the buildings, which had been rebuilt and renovated several times, were demolished.

James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612 – 21 May 1650) was a Scottish nobleman, poet, soldier and later viceroy and captain general of Scotland. Montrose initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed. From 1644 to 1646, and again in 1650, he fought in the civil war in Scotland on behalf of the King. He is referred to as the Great Montrose.

Following his defeat and capture at the Battle of Carbisdale, Montrose was tried by the Scottish Parliament and sentenced to death by hanging, followed by beheading and quartering. After the Restoration, Charles II paid £802 sterling for a lavish funeral in 1661. Montrose's reputation later changed from traitor or martyr to a romantic hero and subject of works by Walter Scott and John Buchan. His spectacular victories, which took his opponents by surprise, are remembered in military history for their tactical brilliance.
The Rock Machine Turns You On
The Rock Machine Turns You On was the first bargain priced sampler album. It was released in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, The Netherlands, Germany and a number of other European countries in 1968 as part of an international marketing campaign by CBS, the Columbia label then active in Europe, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

A 1969 edition (Number ASF 1356) bought in South Africa has a different sleeve (yellow with cut-outs in the Rock Machine boxes) and psychedelic multicoloured vinyl. It also has a completely different track list, significant tracks being Big Brother and the Holding Company's "Piece of my Heart" and Leonard Cohen's "Suzanne".

Sampler album
A sampler or promotional compilation is a type of compilation album generally offered at a reduced price to showcase an artist or a selection of artists signed to a particular record label. The format became popular in the late 1960s as record labels sought to promote artists whose works were primarily available in album rather than single format, and therefore had little opportunity to gain exposure through singles-dominated radio airplay. Most samplers showcased already-released material, so that as they sampled artists they also sampled the albums from which their tracks were drawn. The term "album sampler" is also used in cases where an album is distributed among multiple records in case of, for example, vinyl where the maximum play time is less than the length of the full album. In these cases, album sampler titles may be added to each vinyl.
Helix
A helix (/ˈhiːlɪks/; pl. helices) is a shape like a cylindrical coil spring or the thread of a machine screw. It is a type of smooth skew curve with tangent lines at a constant angle to a fixed axis. Helices are important in biology, as the DNA molecule is formed as two intertwined helices, and many proteins have helical substructures, known as alpha helices. The word helix comes from the Greek word ἕλιξ, "twisted, curved". 
A "filled-in" helix – for example, a "spiral" (helical) ramp – is a surface called a helicoid.

Torsion of a curve
In geometry and kinematics, the torsion of a curve measures how sharply it is twisting out of the osculating plane.  Taken together, the curvature and the torsion of a space curve are analogous to the curvature of a plane curve. For example, they are coefficients in the system of differential equations for the Frenet frame given by the Frenet–Serret formulas.
Slavonska Avenue
Slavonska Avenue (Croatian: Slavonska avenija) is a limited-access avenue in Zagreb, Croatia. It is the longest street in Zagreb, being 18 km (11 mi) long. It mostly has a 70 km/h (43 mph) speed limit, although the speed is limited to 100 km/h (62 mph) on a short section near the Ivanja Reka interchange with the Zagreb bypass. In 2007 the avenue was proclaimed to be the most accident-prone road in Zagreb.
The avenue is an important east-west arterial road. Starting at the interchange with Savska Road, it intersects, featuring mainly two and three-level interchanges, several other main Zagreb thoroughfares (sorted eastbound): Croatian Fraternal Union Avenue, Marin Držić Avenue, Vjekoslav Heinzel Avenue, Gospić Road, Sesvete Ljudevit Posavski Road. Slavonska Avenue does not have any tram lines, although most lines in Zagreb pass over or under the avenue.

Croatian Fraternal Union Avenue
Croatian Fraternal Union Avenue (Croatian: Avenija Hrvatske bratske zajednice, often shortened to Avenija HBZ) is a controlled-access avenue in Zagreb, Croatia. Going north-south, the avenue connects the Martinovka neighborhood near downtown and Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall in the north with Novi Zagreb and the Liberty Bridge in the south.

The road runs from Paromlinska Street to Tomljanovićeva Road, intersecting Vukovar Avenue, Slavonska Avenue (interchange) and ending in the south with an interchange on Tomljanovićeva Road. Although it carries a lot of traffic, its drivers have to stop at traffic lights built on each intersection and interchange, prompting its status as one of the deadliest roads in Zagreb.

The avenue carries six lanes of traffic throughout its length except for the Freedom Bridge. An expansion of the bridge is planned for 2009.