hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soft hair (black holes)
In black hole physics, soft hair is a theorized method of information storage on the event horizon of a black hole and is a potential resolution to the black hole information paradox. Soft hair is made up of zero-energy photons and/or gravitons on the event horizon generated by diffeomorphisms such as supertranslations and superrotations.

Black Holes: The Edge of All We Know
Black Holes: The Edge of All We Know is a 2020 documentary about the journey of scientists around the world to better understand black holes. The film mainly discusses the Event Horizon Telescope's mission to take the first picture of a black hole and the work of Stephen Hawking, Andrew Strominger, Malcolm Perry and Sasha Haco to resolve the black hole information paradox.
J. K. Organisation
The J. K. Organisation is the common name for a group of Indian industrial companies, which were formerly part of a single conglomerate founded in 1918. The original organisation has since been divided into three main business groups run by different branches of the Singhania family, which rose to prominence in Kanpur, India, under Lala Kamlapat Singhania. The name JK is derived from the initials of Kamlapat and his father Seth Juggilal (1857–1922), who belonged to the family associated with the Marwari firm Sevaram Ramrikhdas of Mirzapur. The JK Group was founded in 1918.

Lala Kamlapat Singhania
Lala Kamlapat Singhania (7 November 1884 – 31 May 1937) was an Indian industrialist, who founded the J. K. Organisation, one of India's largest conglomerate companies. He was born to a Marwari Bania family in Kanpur, then part of the North-Western Provinces in British Raj.
He was the founder of several companies which came under the umbrella of JK Organization. The first major business set up by him was a cotton mill with the name of Juggilal Kamlapat Cotton Spinning & Weaving Mills in 1921 which laid the foundation for JK Organisation.
Corwin Clairmont
Corwin "Corky" Clairmont is a printmaker and conceptual and installation artist from the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation. Known for his high concept and politically charged works, Clairmont seeks to explore situations that affect Indian Country historically and in contemporary times.

I don't put work out that gives solutions but provokes questions. - Corky Clairmont

Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation (Montana Salish: Séliš u Ql̓ispé, Kutenai: k̓upawiȼq̓nuk) are a federally recognized tribe centered on the Flathead Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of Montana. The tribe includes Bitterroot Salish, Kutenai, and Upper Pend d'Oreille people, who are all Interior Salish peoples.

The Bitterroot Salish were referred to by Euro-American explorers as Flathead Indians. This name was originally applied to various Salish peoples after Europeans misinterpreted their identifying Coast Salish Sign Language sign to mean that they practiced artificial cranial deformation. This sign involved pressing both hands to the opposite sides of the head and meant, "We the people.”

The peoples of these tribes originally lived in the areas of Montana, parts of Idaho, British Columbia, and Wyoming. The original territory comprised about 22 million acres (89,000 km2) at the time of the 1855 Hellgate treaty.
Johnny Be Good
Johnny Be Good is a 1988 American comedy film directed by Bud S. Smith, starring Anthony Michael Hall as the main character, Johnny Walker. The film also features Robert Downey Jr. and Paul Gleason. Former Chicago Bears quarterback Jim McMahon and sportscaster Howard Cosell make cameo appearances. Despite starring famous actors and comedians, the film was both a critical and financial failure, grossing $18 million.

Judas Priest, Saga, Ted Nugent and Jon Astley among others, contributed to the soundtrack. The title track, "Johnny B. Goode", originally recorded by Chuck Berry, was re-recorded by Judas Priest for their album, Ram It Down.

Paul Gleason
Paul Xavier Gleason (May 4, 1939 – May 27, 2006) was an American film and television actor.  He was known for his roles on television series such as All My Children and films such as The Breakfast Club, Trading Places, and Die Hard.
Warren Covered Bridge
The Warren Covered Bridge is a wooden covered bridge that crosses the Mad River in Warren, Vermont on Covered Bridge Road.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

The bridge is of queen post truss design.  A sign on the bridge also identifies it as the Lincoln Gap covered bridge, despite no official reference to that name.  A unique oddity with this bridge is the fact that the eastern portal extends further over the approaching roadway than the western, according to a sign posted in the bridge by the Vermont Festival of the Arts.  This trusses on this bridge are covered not only on the outside, but on the inside as well... one of only two bridges left in the state with similar construction (the other being the School House Covered Bridge).

Warren, Vermont
Warren is a town in Washington County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,977 at the 2020 census. The center of population of Vermont is located in Warren. It is set between the two ranges of the Green Mountains, with approximately 25% of the township within the boundaries of the federal  Green Mountain National Forest.

Sugarbush Resort is a local ski resort in the town. The Long Trail, a hiking trail running from the border with Massachusetts to the Canada–US border, traverses the town.
Saint-Martin-du-Mesnil-Oury
Saint-Martin-du-Mesnil-Oury (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ maʁtɛ̃ dy mɛnil uʁi] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Livarot-Pays-d'Auge.

Livarot-Pays-d'Auge
Livarot-Pays-d'Auge (French pronunciation: [livaʁo pei doʒ], literally Livarot Land of Auge) is a commune in the department of Calvados, northwestern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the 22 former communes of Livarot (the seat), Auquainville, Les Autels-Saint-Bazile, Bellou, Cerqueux, Cheffreville-Tonnencourt, La Croupte, Familly, Fervaques, Heurtevent, Le Mesnil-Bacley, Le Mesnil-Durand, Le Mesnil-Germain, Meulles, Les Moutiers-Hubert, Notre-Dame-de-Courson, Préaux-Saint-Sébastien, Sainte-Marguerite-des-Loges, Saint-Martin-du-Mesnil-Oury, Saint-Michel-de-Livet, Saint-Ouen-le-Houx and Tortisambert.
Old Bethpage Village Restoration
The Old Bethpage Village Restoration is a  209-acre (0.85 km2) recreated living museum village in Old Bethpage, New York.  The village opened in 1970 with dozens of historic structures that had been saved from demolition by Nassau County.  Costumed actors provide demonstrations of 19th-century life. It is the site of the annual Long Island Fair.

The village came into existence in 1963, when Nassau County acquired the Powell property, a 165-acre (0.67 km2) farm located on the Nassau-Suffolk border. According to notes written on the county's 1959 master plan, the site originally was planned to become the Nassau County Zoo.

The village served as the primary filming location for the exteriors of both Dickinson houses, the Evergreens and the Homestead, and used various building in the village for the Apple TV+ series Dickinson starring Hailee Steinfeld as Emily Dickinson.

Old Bethpage, New York
Old Bethpage is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located on Long Island in the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York, United States. The population of the CDP was 5,283 at the 2020 United States census. It is served by the Old Bethpage Post Office, ZIP code 11804.

Old Bethpage and its neighboring hamlet, Plainview, share a school system, library, fire department and water district. Law enforcement for the community is provided by the Nassau County Police Department's Eighth Precinct.
Kaytetye language
Kaytetye (also spelt Kaititj, Gaididj, Kaiditj, Kaytej) is an Australian Aboriginal language primarily spoken in the Northern Territory north of Alice Springs by the Kaytetye people, who live around Barrow Creek and Tennant Creek. It belongs to the Arandic subgroup of the Pama-Nyungan languages and is related to Alyawarra, which is one of the Upper Arrernte dialects. It has an unusual phonology and there are no known dialects.

The language is considered to be threatened; it is used for face-to-face communication within all generations, but it is losing users, with only 109 speakers of the language in the 2021 census.

The Kaytetye also have a well-developed sign language known as Akitiri or Eltye eltyarrenke.

Kaytetye people
The Kaytetye, also written Kaititya, and pronounced kay-ditch, are an Aboriginal Australian people who live around Barrow Creek and Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory. Their neighbours to the east are the Alyawarre, to the south the Anmatyerre, to the west the Warlpiri, and to the north the Warumungu. Kaytetye country is dissected by the Stuart Highway.
Dick Wolf (American football)
Richard Delmont Wolf (August 29, 1900 – June 28, 1967) was an American professional football player in the early National Football League (NFL). He first played at the college level for Miami University. Wolf then played in the NFL with the Cleveland Indians and the Cleveland Bulldogs. He also played in the 1926 American Football League (AFL) for the Cleveland Panthers. Wolf then finished his career in the semi-pro circuit with the independent Ashland Armcos in 1928–1929.

American Football League (1926)
The first American Football League (AFL), sometimes called AFL I, AFLG, or the Grange League, was a professional American football league that operated in 1926.  It was the first major competitor to the National Football League (NFL). Founded by Charles "C.C." Pyle, with General Charles X. Zimmerman as vice president and starring Hall of Fame halfback Harold Edward "Red" Grange, the short-lived nine-team league struggled to attract fans and players from the more established – then six-year-old – NFL. While Pyle's and Grange's New York Yankees team and the already established Philadelphia Quakers became reliable draws, the lack of star power and the uncertain financial conditions of the other seven teams led to the league's dissolution after one season.
Colchester, Connecticut
Colchester is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 15,555 at the 2020 census. In 2010 Colchester became the first town in Connecticut, and the 36th in the country, to be certified with the National Wildlife Federation as a Community Wildlife Habitat.

The villages of Westchester and North Westchester are located within Colchester. The town center village, which was previously incorporated as a borough, is a census-designated place, with a population of 4,700 at the 2020 census.

The Colchester area was part of the Mohegan territory at the time of European settlement. Several members of the Paugussett tribe currently reside in Colchester, where the tribe (which also has a heritage property in Trumbull) has a larger and more recently acquired 106-acre (0.43 km2) reservation.

The Colchester Historical Society operates a local history museum.

Colchester (CDP), Connecticut
Colchester is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the primary village and adjacent residential land in the town of Colchester, New London County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the east-central part of the town, with the Connecticut Route 2 expressway running through the south side of the community. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 4,781, out of 16,068 in the entire town of Colchester.

75 acres (30 ha) at the center of the village comprise the Colchester Village Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Jack Williams (American football)
Jack Williams (born March 27, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected 119th overall by the Denver Broncos in the fourth round of the 2008 NFL draft. He played college football for the Kent State Golden Flashes.

He also played for the Detroit Lions.

Kent State Golden Flashes football
The Kent State Golden Flashes football team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Kent State University in Kent, Ohio. The team is a member of the Mid-American Conference East division, and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). The Golden Flashes played their first game in 1920 and since 1969 have played their home games at Dix Stadium. Kent State is coached by head coach Mark Carney.
Untapped
Untapped: The Scramble for Africa's Oil (Harcourt, 2007) is a book written by John Ghazvinian about the petroleum industry in Africa.  The book was received well by critics, and garnered good reviews from both the Boston Globe and The New York Times.  The book is based extensively on interviews, with representatives of multinational oil companies' views being compared and contrasted with those of politicians within Africa as well as the citizens of affected nations.
Jake Saltzman, the famed critic, gave the book five out of five stars.

John Ghazvinian
John Ghazvinian (Persian: جان قزوینیان, born April 23, 1974) is an Iranian-American author, historian, and former journalist. He is a noted authority on the history of U.S.-Iran relations and is best known for his book, America and Iran: A History, 1720 to the Present – named by the New York Times as one of “100 Notable Books of 2021”.

Ghazvinian is the Executive Director of the Middle East Center at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. He previously worked as a journalist and has written for Newsweek, The New York Times, The Nation, The Washington Post, The Sunday Times, and Politico. In 2009, he received a high-profile fellowship from the Carnegie Corporation, and in 2016 another fellowship from the National Endowment for the Humanities – both in support of his research on the history of U.S.–Iran relations. He is also the author of Untapped: The Scramble for Africa’s Oil (Harcourt, 2007) and co-editor of American and Muslim Worlds Before 1900 (Bloomsbury, 2020).
Rockford Public School District 205
Rockford Public Schools, officially designated by the state as Rockford Public Schools District 205 is a unit school district headquartered in Rockford, Illinois. In 2012, the district had an enrollment of 26,980 students, making it the fourth-largest school district by enrollment in Illinois.  Per student, the school district spends approximately $11,400 on average.

Mostly in Winnebago County, the district includes the majority of Rockford, as well as New Milford, the majority of Cherry Valley (the portion in Winnebago County), portions of Loves Park, Machesney Park, and Roscoe, as well as most of the Argyle census-designated place. A portion of the district extends into Boone County, where it coincides with a piece of Loves Park and much of the Argyle CDP.

Roscoe, Illinois
Roscoe  is a village in Winnebago County, Illinois, along the Rock River. It is in a suburban area of the Rockford, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the village population was 10,983.
Paul Coker
Paul Coker Jr. (March 5, 1929 – July 23, 2022) was an American illustrator. He worked in many media, including Mad, character design for a majority of Rankin/Bass TV specials, greeting cards, and advertising.

Rudolph's Shiny New Year
Rudolph's Shiny New Year is a 1976 Christmas and New Year's stop motion animated television special and a standalone sequel to the 1964 special Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer produced by Rankin/Bass Productions. The special premiered on ABC on December 10, 1976.
St. Joseph's Preparatory School
St. Joseph's Preparatory School, known as "St. Joe's Prep" or simply "The Prep", is an urban, private, Catholic, college preparatory school run by the Society of Jesus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The school was founded in 1851 from the Old St. Joseph's Church in the city's Society Hill neighborhood. The school moved to its current campus on Girard Avenue in the 1870s with the construction of the Church of the Gesu.

Joseph A. Sellinger
Joseph A. Sellinger, S.J. (January 17, 1921 – April 19, 1993) was an American Catholic priest and Jesuit. He served as the President of Loyola College in Maryland from 1964 to 1993, making him the longest-serving president of any Jesuit university in the United States at the time. During his presidency, he oversaw a significant transformation and growth of the school, including its merger with Mount Saint Agnes College, the admission of female students, the creation of an independent School of Business and Management (which was later named in his honor), and substantial increases in the school's endowment, number of professors, and campus. Prior to his appointment as president, he was a professor of theology at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., and served as the Dean of Georgetown College from 1957 to 1964.
Hortense Child Smith
Hortense Hogan Child Smith (May 6, 1919 – May 17, 2012) was the First Counselor to Ruth H. Funk in the General Presidency of the Young Women organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1972 to 1978.

Hortense Hogan was born in Thatcher, Idaho. She attended Utah State University and earned a degree from LDS Business College. In 1939, she married Robert Rumel Child, the only son of Thomas B. Child. As such she was connected with Child's creation of Gilgal Sculpture Garden. She was the head of the Friends of Gilgal Garden that worked to preserve the unique art project from destruction by a housing development. Through her efforts the garden was purchased by the Friends of Gilgal organization and turned over to the care of Salt Lake City for preservation. Hortense and Robert had two children.

After Robert Child died, Hortense married Eldred G. Smith in 1977.

Smith died on May 17, 2012, shortly after her 93rd birthday.

Gilgal Sculpture Garden
The Gilgal Sculpture Garden is a small public city park, located at 749 East 500 South in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.  The park, which is filled with unusual symbolic statuary associated with Mormonism—most notably a Sphinx with Joseph Smith's head—was designed and created by LDS businessman Thomas Battersby Child, Jr. (1888-1963) in his spare time.  The park contains 12 original sculptures and over 70 stones engraved with scriptures, poems and literary texts.  Gilgal Sculpture Garden is the only designated "visionary art environment" in the state of Utah.
2007 South African floor-crossing window period
The 2007 floor crossing window period in South Africa was a period of 15 days, from 1 to 15 September 2007, in which members of the National Assembly and the provincial legislatures, and municipal councils were able to cross the floor from one political party to another without giving up their seats. The period was authorised by the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of South Africa, which scheduled regular window periods in the second and fourth September after each election. The previous general election had been held on 14 April 2004, and a previous window period had occurred in September 2005.

In the National Assembly and the provincial legislatures, the changes were minor, with the most significant development being the creation of the African People's Convention by departing members of the Pan Africanist Congress.

The tables below show all the changes; in those provinces not listed there was no change in the provincial legislature.

Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of South Africa
The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of South Africa altered the provisions relating to membership of the National Assembly and the provincial legislatures, to allow members of those bodies to cross the floor (move from one party to another) at certain times without losing their seats. It came into force on 20 March 2003, and was effectively repealed on 17 March 2009 by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.
Eddie Hubbard
Charles Edward "Eddie" Hubbard (August 29, 1917 – March 26, 2007) was an American easy-listening/MOR disc jockey and radio personality in Chicago, at such radio stations as WIND and WGN. At WGN he co-hosted a popular show with Jack Brickhouse.

WYLL
WYLL (1160 kHz) is a commercial radio station in Chicago, Illinois. It originated as WJJD and broadcast some pioneering shows. It is owned by Salem Media Group and airs a Christian radio format. The studios and offices are located in Elk Grove Village. Its daytime transmitter and two-tower array are located off Ballard Road near Interstate 294 in Des Plaines. The nighttime transmitter and six-tower array are off Deer Drive near Interstate 355 in Lockport.
Duck Lake (Blue Earth County, Minnesota)
Duck Lake is a lake in Blue Earth County, Minnesota, in the United States. It is nearby the city of Madison Lake, Minnesota.

Duck Lake was named for the duck, a popular family of waterfowl seen in the area.

Blue Earth County, Minnesota
Blue Earth County is a county in the state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 69,112. Its county seat is Mankato. The county is named for the Blue Earth River and for the deposits of blue-green clay once evident along the banks of the Blue Earth River. Blue Earth County is part of the Mankato-North Mankato metropolitan area.
Pavani Reddy
Pavani Reddy is an Indian actress who predominantly appears in Tamil and Telugu language films. She acted in a supporting role in the Tamil film Thunivu (2023). In 2021, she was a contestant on the reality series Bigg Boss 5 and finished as the 2nd runner up. She is also known for playing the lead in the Tamil-language television series Chinna Thambi.

Reddy made her debut in the Hindi film Login playing the role as Seema. and later acted in various different films such as Amrutham Chandamamalo (2013), Vajram (2015), 465 (2017), Motta Shiva Ketta Shiva (2017), Premaku Raincheck (2018), July Kaatril (2019), Senapathi (2021), Malli Modalaindi (2022) and Thunivu (2023).

Malli Modalaindi
Malli Modalaindi (transl. Started once again) is a 2022 Indian Telugu Language romantic comedy film directed by TG Keerthi Kumar and produced by K. Rajashekhar Reddy. The film stars Sumanth and Naina Ganguly in the lead roles. It was edited by Pradeep E Ragav and the soundtrack was composed by Anup Rubens.

It released directly in ZEE5, on 11 February 2022, to negative reviews from the critics.
Hocus Bogus
Hocus Bogus (French: Pseudo) is a 1976 novel by the French writer Romain Gary, published under the pseudonym Émile Ajar. The book was written after Paul Pavlowitch, the son of Gary's cousin, had been presented as the man behind the pseudonym Ajar. It asserts to tell the story of Pavlowitch's literary experiences from his own perspective, and comments on the recent success with The Life Before Us, the subsequent speculation that the author might be Gary, as well as explains his reclusiveness with the revelation that he has schizophrenia.

Romain Gary
Romain Gary (born Roman Leibovich Kacew; 21 May [O.S. 8 May] 1914 – 2 December 1980), also known by the pen name Émile Ajar, was a Lithuanian-born French novelist, diplomat, film director, and military aviator. He is the only author to have won the Prix Goncourt twice (once under a pen name). He is considered a major writer of French literature of the second half of the 20th century.