hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Union of the Muslims of Russia
The Union of the Muslims of Russia (Ittifaq, short for Tatar: Иттифак әл-мөслимин, Ittifaq âl-Möslimin and Russian: Иттифа́к аль-Муслими́н, Ittifaq al-Muslimin) was a political organisation and party of Muslims in the late Russian Empire. The organisation was founded during the 1905 Revolution and came to an end after the February Revolution. Its political agenda was liberal-constitutional, closely aligned to that of the Kadet Party; the Islamic reform movement of Jadidism was an important influence. The Ittifaq was dominated by Volga Tatar intellectuals, but also included Muslim representatives of other ethnicities such as Azerbaijanis, Crimean Tatars, Caucasians and Central Asians.

Yusuf Akçura
Yusuf Akçura (Tatar: Йосыф Хәсән улы Акчура, romanized: Yosıf Xəsən ulı Aqçura; Russian: Юсуф Хасанович Акчурин, romanized: Jusuf Hasanovich Akchurin; 2 December 1876 – 11 March 1935) was a prominent Turkish politician, writer and ideologist of ethnic Tatar origin. He developed into a prominent ideologue and advocate of Pan-Turkism during the early republican period, whose writings became widely read and who became one of the leading university professors in Istanbul.
2025 Centennial Cup
The 2025 Centennial Cup was the 54th annual Junior A national championship tournament of Hockey Canada. The Calgary Canucks of the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL) were the winners, after having placed 3rd the year before. The Canucks were also the host team. The tournament took place at the Max Bell Centre in Calgary. The 10-team format included the championship teams from the 9 leagues that collectively make up the CJHL. The 2,121-seat Max Bell Centre opened in 1974 and underwent a major renovation in 2021. On May 10, 2025, Cianna Lieffers became the first female to referee a game in Centennial Cup history.

Cianna Murray
Cianna Murray (née Lieffers; born August 13, 1994) is a Canadian ice hockey referee in North American professional leagues and at International Ice Hockey Federation events. She refereed women's hockey at the Winter Olympics in 2022 and 2026; and worked five consecutive Women's World Championship since 2021, including the gold-medal game in 2024. She became an American Hockey League official in 2022, and a Professional Women's Hockey League official in 2024. She was one of the first females to work in the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League, the second Western Hockey League female referee, and the first in Centennial Cup history.
Mount Benson (Alaska)
Mount Benson is a 4,465-foot (1,361 m) mountain summit located in the Kenai Mountains, on the Kenai Peninsula, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated in Chugach National Forest, rising above the Resurrection River and Resurrection Bay, 3.3 mi (5 km) south of Resurrection Peaks, 2.35 mi (4 km) north of Marathon Mountain, and 3.1 mi (5 km) northwest of Seward, Alaska. Originally named Iron Mountain, the mountain's name was officially changed in 1974 by the United States Geological Survey to honor Benny Benson (1913-1972), who at age 13 designed Alaska's flag in 1927, as a student in Seward.

Benny Benson
John Ben Benson Jr. (September 12, 1912 – July 2, 1972) was an Alaska Native best known for designing the flag of Alaska. Benson was 14 years old when he won a contest in 1927 to design the flag for the Territory of Alaska, which became a U.S. state on January 3, 1959.
Krzesk-Majątek
Krzesk-Majątek [ˈkʂɛsk maˈjɔntɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zbuczyn, within Siedlce County, Masovian Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

The Chopin vodka is produced at Gorzelnia Chopin (Chopin Distillery), established in 1896, in Krzesk-Majątek. The distillery is open to tourists upon prior reservation.

Gmina Zbuczyn
Gmina Zbuczyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Siedlce County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Zbuczyn, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Siedlce and 100 km (62 mi) east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 210.75 square kilometres (81.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,030 (10,067 in 2014). Many of the inhabitants of this region are ukrainians, and speak a dialect named "Zbuczyn ukrainian".
Joyful Noise Recordings
Joyful Noise Recordings is an independent record label with headquarters in Indianapolis, Indiana. The label was founded in 2003 in Bloomington, Indiana by Karl Hofstetter, who also played drums on several of the label's first releases. Joyful Noise maintains an active roster of over 30 bands playing various musical styles, though according to the label, each artist "in one way or another bridges the gap between pop and noise."

Why? (American band)
Why? (styled as WHY?) is an American alternative hip hop and indie rock band. The band was founded in 2004 by Cincinnati rapper and singer Yoni Wolf, who had been using Why? as his stage name since 1997. In addition to Wolf, who serves as lead vocalist and multi-instrumentalist, the band consists of multi-instrumentalists and backing vocalists Doug McDiarmid and Matt Meldon, and drummer and backing vocalist Josiah Wolf, who is Yoni Wolf's older brother.

Why? has released eight studio albums, along with several extended plays, demo albums, and live albums, since their inception. Yoni Wolf's final solo album under the Why? moniker, 2003's Oaklandazulasylum, is typically considered part of the band's discography. Their first album as a full band was 2005's Elephant Eyelash. They followed this album with Alopecia (2008), Eskimo Snow (2009), Mumps, Etc. (2012), Moh Lhean (2017), AOKOHIO (2019), and The Well I Fell Into (2024).
Omagua
Omagua or low jungle (selva baja or partially tierra caliente) is one of the eight natural regions of Peru. It is located between 80 and 400m above sea level in the Peruvian Amazonia (Amazon rainforest). In this region, there are a lot of rivers that create meanders, swamps and lagoons.

The flora includes trees like cedro and palms (e.g. genus Phytelephas, tucumo (Astrocaryum aculeatum), shapaja (Attalea phalerata) and shebo (Attalea butyracea)). There are also plants like the Cattleya rex, a species of orchid.

The fauna includes animals like the capybara (which is the biggest rodent in the world), the giant armadillo, the jaguar, the giant otter, and the red brocket deer. There are also numerous species of birds, including the white-throated toucan, the hoatzin, the jabiru, and the red-and-green macaw. Animals that live in the water include the paiche, the Amazonian manatee and pipa toads.

Peruvian Amazonia
Peruvian Amazonia (Spanish: Amazonía del Perú), informally known locally as the Peruvian jungle (Spanish: selva peruana) or just the jungle (Spanish: la selva), is the area of the Amazon rainforest in Peru, east of the Andes and Peru's borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, and Bolivia. Peru has the second-largest portion of the Amazon rainforest after the Brazilian Amazon.
Jim Foster (basketball)
Jim Foster (born October 16, 1948) is an American former college basketball coach. He served as the head women's basketball coach at St. Joseph's, Vanderbilt, Ohio State, and Chattanooga. He was elected to the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame as a member of the class of 2013. On February 1, 2018, Foster notched his 900th career win as a head coach, becoming the eighth fastest to reach that mark and tying for seventh in all-time career wins. He announced his retirement in May 2018, after 40 years on the bench.

Chattanooga Mocs women's basketball
The Chattanooga Mocs women's basketball team, formerly known as the Lady Mocs, represents the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in NCAA women's basketball competition. The team is coached by Deandra Schirmer, and play their home games at McKenzie Arena.

The team has won 20 SoCon Tournament championships, five consecutively from 2013 through 2017, and have made 17 NCAA tournament appearances, most recently in 2024. The 2015–16 team began the season ranked 25th in the AP poll.
T/TCP
T/TCP (Transactional Transmission Control Protocol) was a variant of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
It was an experimental TCP extension for efficient transaction-oriented (request/response) service.
It was developed to fill the gap between TCP and UDP, by Bob Braden in 1994.
Its definition can be found in RFC 1644 (that obsoletes RFC 1379). It is faster than TCP and delivery reliability is comparable to that of TCP.

T/TCP suffers from several major security problems as described by Charles Hannum in September 1996. It has not gained widespread popularity.

RFC 1379 and RFC 1644 that define T/TCP were moved to Historic Status in May 2011 by RFC 6247 for security reasons.

Bob Braden
Robert T. Braden (January 28, 1934 – April 15, 2018) was an American computer scientist who played a role in the development of the Internet. His research interests included end-to-end network protocols, especially in the transport and network layers.
Gelati Monastery
Gelati (Georgian: გელათის მონასტერი [g̊e̞ɫät̪ʰi]) is a medieval monastic complex near Kutaisi in the Imereti region of western Georgia. One of the first monasteries in Georgia, it was founded in 1106 by King David IV of Georgia as a monastic and educational center.

The monastery is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was a cultural, educational and scientific center in medieval Georgia. It is an exemplar of the Georgian Golden Age and a gold aesthetic is employed in the paintings and buildings. It was built to celebrate the Orthodox Christian faith in Georgia; some murals found inside the Gelati Monastery church date back to the 12th century.

Demetrius I of Georgia
Demetrius I (Georgian: დემეტრე I, romanized: demet're I) (c. 1093 – 1156), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a Georgian monarch (mepe) who ruled the Kingdom of Georgia from 1125 to 1154 and again from 1155 until his death in 1156. He is also known as a poet.

Regarded as a saint by the Orthodox Church, his feast day is celebrated on May 23 in the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar.
Brass Eye
Brass Eye is a British satirical television series parodying current affairs news programming. A series of six episodes aired on Channel 4 in 1997, followed by special episode, "Paedogeddon", in 2001. The series was created and presented by Chris Morris, directed by Michael Cumming and written by Morris, David Quantick, Peter Baynham, Jane Bussmann, Arthur Mathews, Graham Linehan and Charlie Brooker.

Michael Grade
Michael Ian Grade, Baron Grade of Yarmouth (born 8 March 1943) is an English television executive and businessman. He has held a number of senior roles in television, including controller of BBC1 (1984–1986), chief executive of Channel 4 (1988–1997), chairman of the board of governors of the BBC (2004–2006), and executive chairman of ITV plc (2007–2009). He sat as a Conservative Party life peer in the House of Lords from 2011 until after his appointment as chair of Ofcom, beginning in May 2022, and became a non-affiliated peer.
Owd Grandad Piggott
Owd Grandad Piggott is a fictional character created in 1970 by author Alan Povey, based on a real-life person. The Owd Grandad Piggott stories are best known in Povey's home town of Stoke-on-Trent where they have often been heard on BBC Radio Stoke, read by the author.  Owd Grandad Piggott is noted for having a broad Staffordshire accent and speaks in an old Potteries dialect.
The stories are mostly set in the 1950s when the pottery industry was still at large.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Dandagaun, Dhankuta
Dandagaun  is a small village located northern part of Mahalaxmi Municipality at Dhankuta district in the Province no. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1838 people living in 924 individual households. But latest survey which hold by village it has more than 2500 population.

Dhankuta District
Dhankuta District (Nepali: धनकुटा जिल्ला) (Listenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. The district covers an area of 891 km2 (344 sq mi) and has a population (2011) of 163,412. The hill town of Dhankuta serves as the district headquarters of Dhankuta District.
Women's Auxiliary Air Force
The Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), whose members were referred to as WAAFs (/ˈwæfs/), was the female auxiliary of the British Royal Air Force during the Second World War. Established in 1939, WAAF numbers exceeded 181,000 at its peak strength in 1943, (15.7% of the RAF) with over 2,000 women enlisting per week.

Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester
Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (born Lady Alice Christabel Montagu-Douglas-Scott; 25 December 1901 – 29 October 2004), was a member of the British royal family. She was the wife of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the third son of King George V and Queen Mary. She was the mother of Prince William of Gloucester and Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

The daughter of the 7th Duke of Buccleuch, Scotland's largest landowner, she became by marriage a princess of the United Kingdom, and a sister-in-law of Edward VIII and George VI. She was thus an aunt-by-marriage of Elizabeth II. Alice was extremely well-travelled, both before and after her marriage. At the time of her death at age 102, she was the longest-lived member of the British royal family.
Social Democratic Party of Lithuania
The Social Democratic Party of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos socialdemokratų partija, LSDP) is a centre-left and social democratic political party in Lithuania. Founded as an underground Marxist organisation in 1896, it is the oldest extant party in Lithuania. During the Soviet occupation, the party ceased to exist. The party reemerged after the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of communist rule in 1989.

The party led a government in the unicameral Seimas, Lithuania's parliament from 2001 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2016. It has been the ruling party of Lithuania since 2024. The party is a member of the Party of European Socialists (PES), Progressive Alliance, and Socialist International.

Algirdas Brazauskas
Algirdas Mykolas Brazauskas (Lithuanian: [ˈɐ̂ˑlʲɡʲɪrdɐs ˈmʲîːkoːɫɐs brɐˈzɐ̂ˑʊskɐs] ⓘ, 22 September 1932 – 26 June 2010) was the fourth president of Lithuania, in office from 1993 to 1998. He also served as Prime Minister of Lithuania from 2001 to 2006. Brazauskas was the first democratically elected president of post-Soviet Lithuania.

He also served as head of the Communist Party of Lithuania that broke with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Sally Amaki
Sally Amaki (天城サリー, Amaki Sarī; born April 26, 2000) is an American singer and voice actress based in Tokyo, Japan. She is a member of the voice acting idol group 22/7, which debuted in 2017, and is the group's "overseas representative". Within the group, she appears both as herself and as the animated character Sakura Fujima, for whom she provides the voice and motion capture.

In addition to 22/7, Amaki also provides the voices for other characters, including Akubi from Pandora to Akubi, Carol Olston from Tomo-chan Is a Girl!, Kiriko from Overwatch 2, and Peni Parker from Marvel Rivals.

Tomo-chan Is a Girl!
Tomo-chan Is a Girl! (Japanese: トモちゃんは女の子！, Hepburn: Tomo-chan wa Onnanoko!) is a Japanese four-panel manga series written and illustrated by Fumita Yanagida. It was serialized on the Twi4 Twitter account and Saizensen website, usually as a single-page four-panel strip, from April 2015 to July 2019. Kodansha published in eight tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation produced by Lay-duce aired from January to March 2023.

The manga follows the everyday life of a tomboy high school student who is in love with her childhood friend, who only treats her as a boy, and her attempts to make him reciprocate her unrequited love.
Meitetsu Mikawa Line
The Meitetsu Mikawa Line (名鉄三河線, Meitetsu Mikawa-sen) is a 39.8 km (24.7 mi) railway line in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Nagoya Railroad (Meitetsu) connecting Sanage Station in Toyota and Hekinan Station in Hekinan. It originally extended beyond Hekinan to Kira Yoshida, and beyond Sanage to Nishi Nakagane, with a proposed extension to Asuke substantially constructed but subsequently abandoned (see History section below).

All trains on this line operate as Local trains and stop at every station. Some smaller stations have only a single platform and no passing loop.

Hekinan Station
Hekinan Station (碧南駅, Hekinan-eki) is a railway station in the city of Hekinan, Aichi Prefecture,  Japan, operated by Meitetsu. The station provides access to the center of Hekinan, Aichi, and specific notable sites nearby include Hekinan Seaside Aquarium, Myōfuku Temple, and the headquarters of Kokonoe Mirin Company, which produces mirin.
Graham Adams
Graham Adams (1 March 1933 – 14 February 2020) was a football player and football coach. During his career as a player, he played for Plymouth Argyle F.C. and Oxford United F.C.

In September 1961 he was appointed coach of the then amateur club Wycombe Wanderers F.C. - a position he held until the end of the season. In 1971, he became the first foreign South Korea national football team assistant coach and technical advisor.(March 1971 ~ February 1972) After his coaching career in South Korea, he was appointed manager of the Montreal Olympique. In 1967, he led the Bermuda national football team to a silver medal at the Pan American Games. In 1974, he was the head coach for the Quebec Selects in the National Soccer League.

He died on February 14, 2020.

Bermuda national football team
The Bermuda national football team represents Bermuda (British overseas territory) in men's international football, which is governed by the Bermuda Football Association founded in 1928. It has been a member of FIFA and CONCACAF since 1962. Regionally, it is a member of CFU in the Caribbean Zone.

Bermuda has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified once for the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 2019, and has also participated once in League A and three times in League B of the CONCACAF Nations League.

Bermuda's debut in international competitions was in the 1967 Pan American Games. Their first appearance in World Cup qualifiers was in the 1970 CONCACAF qualification. The team achieved its first victory in 1967, defeating Trinidad and Tobago 3–1.
Cook Islands Court of Appeal
The Court of Appeal of the Cook Islands is the superior court of record for the Cook Islands. It hears appeals from the High Court of the Cook Islands and was established by Article 56 of the Constitution of the Cook Islands.

Politics of the Cook Islands
The politics of the Cook Islands takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democracy within a constitutional monarchy. The monarch of New Zealand, represented in the Cook Islands by the King or Queen's Representative, is the head of state; the prime minister is the head of government of a multi-party system. The nation is self-governing and fully responsible for its internal and foreign affairs; it has run its own foreign and defence policy since 2001. Executive power is exercised by the government, while legislative power is vested in both the government and the parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislatures.
Flavors of Youth
Flavors of Youth (Japanese: 詩季織々, romanized: shikioriori, lit. "From Season to Season"; Chinese: 肆式青春; pinyin: sì shì qīng chūn, Cantonese Jyutping: sei³ sik¹ cing¹ ceon¹, Shanghainese Wugniu: sy⁵ seq⁷ chin¹ tshen¹, lit. "Necessities of Life in Youth") is a 2018 anime/donghua anthology drama film directed by Li Haoling, Jiaoshou Yi Xiaoxing and Yoshitaka Takeuchi and produced by Noritaka Kawaguchi. A Japanese-Chinese co-production between CoMix Wave Films and Haoliners Animation League, it was released in Japan and in China on August 4, 2018, and globally on the same day by StudioCanal and Netflix.

Haoliners Animation League
Haoliners Animation League is a Chinese animation studio based in Shanghai and established in 2013. Its subsidiary Animation Company Emon operates in Japan and South Korea, and Haoliners maintains a Korean animation branch as well.

The studio is currently owned by Chinese streaming service Bilibili.
Perfect Weapon (TV series)
Perfect Weapon is a British TV series for the National Geographic Channel. It features the two hosts: ex-Royal Marine Monty Halls and archaeologist and medieval weapons expert Stuart Prior choosing a weapon for the current episode's category.

Medieval weapons of the same type (such as rifles and cannons or mangonels and trebuchets) are compared and tested in rate of fire, how easy it is to make and to use, fatality (usually using a pig carcass), overall power, accuracy etc. The weapon which would win most of the rounds in the end is deemed the perfect weapon for the category.

Monty Halls
Monty Halls (born 5 November 1966) is a British TV broadcaster and marine biologist best known for his BBC Great Escape series Monty Halls' Great Escape, Monty Halls' Great Hebridean Escape and Monty Halls' Great Irish Escape, during which he lived and worked in remote parts of the UK and Ireland with his dog Reuben. Halls' other TV programmes include WWII's Great Escapes, Great Barrier Reef
and Lost Worlds
with Leo Houlding for Discovery Channel.

Halls is the founder and managing director of Seadog TV and Film Productions Ltd and Leaderbox.
Historical reenactment in Australia
Historical re-enactment in Australia has been occurring since at least the early 1970s. With no conventional land battles and few protracted civil disturbances since the British colonisation of Australia, most military re-enactment in Australia focuses on events from other countries (mostly European), including the European Feudal, medieval, and renaissance eras.

The Dark Ages, medieval, and Renaissance periods are popular eras for re-enactments, and the three largest events, as measured by participants, focus on these eras of history. 18th and 19th century re-enactment groups are also popular, and convey Australian interest in early colonial pre-federation military regiments. The history of the Australian Light Horse regiments are the area of Australian history with wide interest, with nearly 15 groups, the first starting in 1978 formed to reenact this period of military history. There is also some focus on the Australian Pioneer era.

Historical European Martial Arts in Australia
The practice of Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA) first started in Australia in the late 19th century before largely dying out. There was then a revival of interest in the late 20th century to the current day. The practice of HEMA in Australia has grown to be a popular activity, with clubs all in capital cities, and the larger cities in Australia, Sydney and Melbourne, each have a number of clubs teaching various styles.