hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St James Square, Monmouth
St James Square is a historic square in the town centre of Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales. It is located at the eastern end of Whitecross Street, within the medieval town walls. The area features the Monmouth War Memorial and the controversial, historic Indian Bean Tree. In addition, in 2010, the square was the site of discovery of the first Mesolithic artefacts in Monmouth. St James Square is lined with numerous listed buildings. It is also home to the Monmouth Catalpa Tree.

The Dispensary, Monmouth
The Dispensary is a Georgian town house which is fairly typical of many town-centre houses in Monmouth, Wales, dating from the mid 18th century, but with early 19th-century additions. It stands in  St James Square, opposite the Catalpa tree. The building was listed at Grade II on 27 June 1952.

The architectural historian John Newman calls this the "one substantial eighteenth century house" in St James Street, though it is surrounded by later attractive façades. A dispensary was established here in 1857. This became the Monmouth Hospital and Dispensary, with nine beds, in 1868, and closed in 1903. The dispensary is one of 24 buildings on the Monmouth Heritage Trail, marked by a ceramic blue plaque on the wall.
Zabeltitz
Zabeltitz is a former municipality in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Großenhain.

It lies north of Meissen and Dresden and east of Leipzig. It is west of autobahn 101. It is served by a small railway which has a platform but no station building (around 1 km (0.62 mi) east of the village).

Großenhain
Großenhain (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁoːsn̩ˌhaɪn] ⓘ; also written as Grossenhain; Upper Sorbian: Wulki Hojn, pronounced [ˈwulkʲi ˈhɔjn]) is a Große Kreisstadt (German for major district town) in the district of Meissen, Saxony, Germany. It was originally known as Hayne. The current name simply means "big Hayne".
Germantown Hills, Illinois
Germantown Hills is a village in Woodford County, Illinois, approximately 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Peoria. Germantown Hills is the only incorporated community in Worth Township. As of the 2020 census, Germantown Hills had a population of 3,412. Largely an agricultural community until its incorporation in 1954, Germantown Hills is now a growing bedroom community in the Peoria Metropolitan Area.

Worth Township, Woodford County, Illinois
Worth Township is located in Woodford County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 8,741 and it contained 3,212 housing units.

The largest named community in Worth Township is the village of Germantown Hills.
Loxodonta exoptata
Loxodonta exoptata is an extinct species of elephant in the genus Loxodonta, from Africa. A 2009 study suggested that Loxodonta exoptata gave rise to L. atlantica, which gave rise to L. africana. The molars of L. exoptata are distinguished from later loxodonts by the lower plate number and their specialized enamel loops. Fossil remains of L. exoptata have been found at Pliocene sites in eastern Africa including Hadar, Laetoli and Koobi Fora.

African elephant
African elephants are members of the genus Loxodonta comprising two living elephant species, the African bush elephant (L. africana) and the smaller African forest elephant (L. cyclotis). Both are social herbivores with grey skin. However, they differ in the size and colour of their tusks as well as the shape and size of their ears and skulls.

Both species are at a pertinent risk of extinction according to the IUCN Red List; as of 2021, the bush elephant is considered endangered while the forest elephant is considered critically endangered. They are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, along with poaching for the illegal ivory trade in several range countries.

Loxodonta is one of two extant genera in the family Elephantidae. The name refers to the lozenge-shaped enamel of their molar teeth. Fossil remains of Loxodonta species have been found in Africa, spanning from the Late Miocene (from around 7–6 million years ago) onwards.
Ernst angle
In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, the Ernst angle is the flip angle that maximizes the steady-state signal for a spin with a spin–lattice relaxation time  using a flip repetition time , assuming transverse magnetization is eliminated between flips. The Ernst angle  is calculated using the following relationship, derived by Richard R. Ernst, who won the 1991 Nobel Prize in Chemistry:

The derivation of the Ernst angle equation explicitly assumes that all transverse magnetization is completely eliminated between repetition times. This elimination is achieved in practice through spoiler gradients (in MRI) or by using a long enough  for complete  decay (in NMR).

Flip angle
In magnetic resonance imaging, the flip angle, also called the nutation angle, pulse angle, tip angle, or excitation angle, refers to the angle that the magnetization vector is tipped or rotated away from the z-axis by a radiofrequency pulse, relative to the main magnetic field. The flip angle is generally measured in degrees or radians; for example, a 90-degree flip angle will deflect all longitudinal magnetization into the transverse, or xy plane. Changing the amplitude or duration of the pulse will change the flip angle.

The Ernst angle, named for Richard R. Ernst who described it, refers to the flip angle that will produce the maximal intensity of a signal for a given T1 relaxation time and repetition time.
David Whitehead (businessman)
David Whitehead (11 December, 1790, Gambleside - 28 January, 1865) was a Lancashire businessman who set up in business with his brothers Thomas and Peter in 1815. He became a major figure in the cotton industry, developing several mills in Rawtenstall. He was an active methodist and attended the third International Peace Congress held in Paris in 1849.

He is buried in the same grave as his two brothers in the churchyard of Longholme Methodist Church. He had 11 children, of whom nine appear to have survived him. His will divided his property between five sons with provision for his widow and four daughters. Two of his sons were Thomas Hoyle Whitehead and John Ormerod Whitehead.

Peter Whitehead (businessman)
Peter Whitehead (1793–1866) was a prominent business man in Rawtenstall, Lancashire. With his brothers Thomas and David he established Thomas Whitehead and Brothers in 1815.

Following the dissolution of Thomas Whitehead and Brothers in 1855, Whitehead built the Ilex Mill, Rawtenstall in 1856.

He is buried in the same grave as his two brothers in the churchyard of Longholme Methodist Church.
Thomas Adams School
Thomas Adams School is a coeducational comprehensive secondary school school and sixth form in Wem, Shropshire, England. It is one of circa 30 UK state boarding schools. The school takes pupils from ages 11–18 and currently has just over 1,300 on roll. The school has the Schools for Health Award and in 2002 obtained Media Arts College status.The school is located on a 30-acre site split across 2 campuses which are connected. The Lowe Hill site is the location of the secondary school (11-16) whilst the Noble Street site is the location for the sixth form and adjacent boarding houses. The boarding house can accommodate up to 65 students.

Wem
Wem is a market town in the civil parish of Wem Urban, in Shropshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) north of Shrewsbury and 9 miles (14 km) south of Whitchurch.

The name is derived from the Old English term wamm, meaning "marsh".

As a caput of a barony and a large manor and parish Wem was a centre for justice and local government for centuries, and the headquarters of the North Shropshire District Council until Shropshire became a unitary authority. From the 12th century revisions to the hundreds of Shropshire, Wem was within the North Division of Bradford Hundred until the end of the 19th century.

It is considered that the landscape around the town may be the inspiration for Shakespeare's play As You Like It, a belief reflected in cultural programming in the town.
SUSE Studio
SUSE Studio was an online Linux software creation tool by SUSE. Users could develop their own Linux distro, software appliance, or virtual appliance, mainly choosing which applications and packages they want on their "custom" Linux and how it looks.

Users could choose between openSUSE or SUSE Linux Enterprise as a base and pick from a variety of pre-configured images including jeOS, minimal server, GNOME, and KDE desktops.

The SUSE Studio service was shut down on February 15, 2018.

Virtual appliance
A virtual appliance is a pre-configured virtual machine image, ready to run on a hypervisor; virtual appliances are a subset of the broader class of software appliances. Installation of a software appliance on a virtual machine and packaging that into an image creates a virtual appliance. Like software appliances, virtual appliances are intended to eliminate the installation, configuration and maintenance costs associated with running complex stacks of software.

A virtual appliance is not a complete virtual machine platform, but rather a software image containing a software stack designed to run on a virtual machine platform which may be a Type 1 or Type 2 hypervisor.
Tag system
In the theory of computation, a tag system is a deterministic model of computation published by Emil Leon Post in 1943 as a simple form of a Post canonical system. A tag system may also be viewed as an abstract machine, called a Post tag machine (not to be confused with Post–Turing machines)—briefly, a finite-state machine whose only tape is a FIFO queue of unbounded length, such that in each transition the machine reads the symbol at the head of the queue, deletes a constant number of symbols from the head, and appends to the tail a symbol-string that depends solely on the first symbol read in this transition.

Because all of the indicated operations are performed in a single transition, a tag machine strictly has only one state.

Model of computation
In computer science, and more specifically in computability theory and computational complexity theory, a model of computation is a model that describes how an output of a mathematical function is computed given an input. A model of computation describes how units of computations, memories, and communications are organized. The computational complexity of an algorithm can be measured given a model of computation. Using a model allows studying the performance of algorithms independently of the variations that are specific to particular implementations and specific technology.
White Rabbit (George Benson album)
White Rabbit is an album by George Benson. The title track is a cover of the famous Jefferson Airplane song.This album was George Benson's second CTI Records project produced by Creed Taylor and was recorded nine months after Beyond the Blue Horizon.

Pete Turner (photographer)
Donald Peter Turner (May 30, 1934 – September 18, 2017) was an American photographer.

In 1986, Turner published his first monograph, Pete Turner Photographs (Abrams). His second book, Pete Turner African Journey (Graphis Inc., 2001), documents Turner's many adventures in Africa, beginning with his trek in 1959 from Cape Town to Cairo with Wally Byam's famous Airstream caravan.  The Color of Jazz (Rizzoli, 2006) is a comprehensive collection of his provocative album covers for CTI Records among many others.
Parallax, Inc.
Parallax Inc. is a privately held company in Rocklin, California. Parallax Inc. designs, manufactures, and sells BASIC Stamp microcontrollers, Propeller microcontrollers, microcontroller accessories (such as LCDs, sensors, 
RF modules, etc.), educational robot kits, and educational curriculum.

Parallax is headquartered in Rocklin. The Rocklin office employs thirty-five people in research and development, sales, manufacturing, education, marketing, and technical support. Parallax Inc. has over seventy distributors around the world, including Jameco Electronics.

Parallax SX
Parallax SX is a discontinued line of microcontrollers that was marketed by Parallax, from a design by Ubicom. Designed to be architecturally similar to the PIC microcontrollers used in the original versions of the BASIC Stamp, SX microcontrollers replaced the PIC in several subsequent versions of that product.
Khumbu Icefall
The Khumbu Icefall is located at the head of the Khumbu Glacier and the foot of the Western Cwm. It lies at an elevation of 5,486 metres (17,999 ft) on the Nepalese slopes of Mount Everest, not far above Base Camp and southwest of the summit. The icefall is regarded as one of the most dangerous sections of the South Col route to Everest's summit.

Icefall
An icefall is a portion of certain glaciers characterized by relatively rapid flow and chaotic crevassed surface, caused in part by gravity. The term icefall is formed by analogy with the word waterfall, which is a similar phenomenon of the liquid phase but at a more spectacular speed. When ice movement of a glacier is faster than elsewhere, because the glacier bed steepens or narrows, and the flow cannot be accommodated by plastic deformation, the ice fractures, forming crevasses. Where two fractures meet, seracs (or ice towers) can be formed. When the movement of the ice slows down, the crevasses can coalesce, resulting in the surface of the glacier becoming smoother.
Malév Hungarian Airlines
MALÉV Ltd. (Hungarian: Malév Zrt.), which did business as MALÉV Hungarian Airlines (Hungarian: Magyar Légiközlekedési Vállalat, MALÉV [ˈmɒleːv]), was the flag carrier of Hungary from 1946 until 2012. Its head office was in Budapest, with its main hub at Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport. The airline flew to over 50 cities in 34 countries with a fleet of 22 aircraft. Malév joined the Oneworld alliance on 29 March 2007. On 3 February 2012, Malév ceased operations and on 14 February 2012 was declared insolvent by the Metropolitan Court of Budapest.

Ilyushin Il-18
The Ilyushin Il-18 (Russian: Илью́шин Ил-18; NATO reporting name: Coot) is a large turboprop airliner that first flew in 1957 and became one of the best known Soviet aircraft of its era. The Il-18 was one of the Soviet Union's principal airliners for several decades and was widely exported. Due to the aircraft's durability, many examples achieved over 45,000 flight hours and the type remains operational in both military and to a lesser extent in civilian capacities. The Il-18's successor was the longer-range Ilyushin Il-62.
Barbadian dollar
The Barbadian dollar (sign: $; code: BBD) is the official currency in Barbados. It is often abbreviated to international unofficial abbreviations in Barbados such as: B$, BD$ or the International vehicle registration code BDS$ is also commonly used, a currency code that is otherwise reserved for Bangladesh (ISO 3166-1 country code BD) outside Barbados. As such the present Barbados dollar has the official ISO 4217 code of BB which matches the [dot] .bb Cc-TLD domain names classification for Barbados under ISO 3166, plus D for dollar in the foreign exchange market. The Barbadian dollar can be divided into 100 cents, though the 1 cent coin is in the process of being phased out.

Currencies of the British West Indies
The region known as the British West Indies included British Guiana on the South American mainland, British Honduras in Central America, Bermuda, The Bahamas, and Jamaica, along with its former dependencies of the Cayman Islands and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It also included the Eastern Caribbean territories of Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, the Windward Islands and the Leeward Islands.

From the early 19th century to the later 20th century, the region generally used sterling coinage, although there was quite widespread usage of mixed sterling and dollar accounts. In the later 20th century there was a move towards dollar accounts in all the territories, in conjunction with the introduction of decimal fractional coinage.
Mirando City, Texas
Mirando City is a census-designated place (CDP) in Webb County, Texas, United States. It is approximately 30 miles east of Laredo and 130 miles southwest of Corpus Christi. The population was 166 at the 2010 census. The town gets its name from Nicolás Mirando, a Spanish land grantee. The population of Mirando City was highest in 1929, at an estimated 1500.

The peyote cactus thrives in and around Mirando City and nearby Oilton, and is a clandestine source of income for residents. Peyoteros have harvested peyote in Mirando City for over a hundred years.

Mirando City was the center of the South Texas Oil Boom, launched in 1921 by the industrialist Oliver Winfield Killam of Laredo.

Webb Consolidated Independent School District
Webb Consolidated Independent School District (WCISD) is a school district based in Bruni, a community in unincorporated Webb County, Texas, United States.

WCISD serves the unincorporated communities of Bruni, Aguilares, Mirando City, and Oilton.

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.
LAMP (software bundle)
A LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python) is one of the most common software stacks for the web's most popular applications. Its generic software stack model has largely interchangeable components.

Each letter in the acronym stands for one of its four open-source building blocks

Linux for the operating system

Apache HTTP Server

MariaDB or MySQL for the relational database management system

Perl, PHP, or Python for the programming language

The components of the LAMP stack are present in the software repositories of most Linux distributions.

Nginx
Nginx (pronounced "engine x"  /ˌɛndʒɪnˈɛks/ EN-jin-EKS, stylized as NGINX or nginx) is a web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache.  The software was created by Russian developer Igor Sysoev and publicly released in 2004. Nginx is free and open-source software, released under the terms of the 2-clause BSD license. A large fraction of web servers use Nginx, often as a load balancer.

A company of the same name was founded in 2011 to provide support and NGINX Plus paid software. In March 2019, the company was acquired by F5 for $670 million.
Gros Ventre language
Atsina, or Gros Ventre (also known as Aaniiih, Ananin, Ahahnelin, Ahe, A’ani, and ʔɔʔɔɔɔniiih), is the ancestral language of the Gros Ventre people of what is today Montana, United States of America. The last fluent speaker died in 2007, though revitalization efforts are underway.

Gros Ventre
The Gros Ventre (US: /ˈɡroʊvɒnt/ GROH-vont, French: [ɡʁo vɑ̃tʁ]; meaning 'big belly'), also known as the A'aninin, Atsina, or White Clay, are a historically Algonquian-speaking Native American tribe located in northcentral Montana. Today, the Gros Ventre people are enrolled in the Fort Belknap Indian Community of the Fort Belknap Reservation of Montana, a federally recognized tribe with 7,000 members, also including the Assiniboine people.
HUD User
HUD USER is an information source containing reports and reference documents for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). HUD USER was established by the HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research (PD&R) in 1978.

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It administers federal housing and urban development laws. It is headed by the secretary of housing and urban development, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

Although its beginnings were in the House and Home Financing Agency, it was founded as a Cabinet department in 1965, as part of the "Great Society" program of President Lyndon B. Johnson, to develop and execute policies on housing and metropolises.
Pwllgwaun
Pwllgwaun (or Pwll-Gwaun) is a village and small suburb of Pontypridd within the 'Rhondda' electoral ward, bordered by Hopkinstown and Graigwen hill to the north and east, the hillsides of Maesycoed above, and is located along the banks of the river River Rhondda. It consists largely of mining terrace type housing.

Maesycoed
Maesycoed (Welsh for 'wood field') is a settlement to the south and west of Pontypridd town centre in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. Maesycoed is a district in the town of Pontypridd within the Rhondda electoral ward and is bounded by Graig to the south, Pwllgwaun to the east and Hopkinstown and Mynydd Gelliwion to the north.
Former state routes in Pennsylvania
The following is a list of former state routes in Pennsylvania.  These roads are now either parts of other routes or no longer carry a traffic route number.  This list also includes original routes of numbers that were decommissioned and later reactivated in other locations in which most of these are still active today.

Interstate 70 in Pennsylvania
Interstate 70 (I-70) is an Interstate Highway that is located in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States. It runs east to west across the southwest part of Pennsylvania and serves the southern fringe of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

About half of this route is concurrent with I-76 on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, which is a toll road. This is the oldest segment of I-70 in Pennsylvania, having been completed in 1940, and is only one of two segments of I-70 that are tolled, with the other being the Kansas Turnpike.

I-70 is one of only a few Interstate Highways to have a traffic signal—in this case, with U.S. Route 30 (US 30) in Breezewood, where it leaves the Pennsylvania Turnpike and heads toward Maryland.
Constitution of Greece
The Constitution of Greece (Greek: Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδας, romanized: Syntagma tis Elladas) was created by the Fifth Revisionary Hellenic Parliament in 1974, after the fall of the Greek junta and the start of the Third Hellenic Republic. It came into force on 11 June 1975 (adopted two days prior) and has been amended in 1986, 2001, 2008 and 2019.

The constitutional history of Greece goes back to the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), during which the first three Greek constitutions were adopted by the revolutionary national assemblies. Syntagma Square (Plateia Syntagmatos) in Athens is named after the first constitution adopted in the modern Greek State.

Greek constitutional amendment of 2008
In early 2006, Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis of the New Democracy party proposed an amendment to the Greek Constitution of 1975/1986/2001 with 38 new provisions. Of these, 3 were adopted in May 2008:

Repeal of the prohibition of any professional occupation for the members of Parliament;

Parliament can amend allocations of the state budget, and to monitor their implementation (article 79);

Special provisions for insular and mountainous regions (article 101).
Arnasco
Arnasco (Ligurian: Arnascho or Arnasco) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region of Liguria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Savona.

Arnasco borders the following municipalities: Albenga, Castelbianco, Cisano sul Neva, Ortovero, Vendone, and Zuccarello.

Vendone
Vendone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Savona.

Vendone borders the following municipalities: Arnasco, Castelbianco, Onzo, and Ortovero.
Frosterley railway station
Frosterley is a railway station on the Weardale Railway, and serves the village of Frosterley in Weardale, England. First opened in 1847, the station closed to passengers in 1953, before reopening again in 2004. The station is situated 13.75 miles (22.1 kilometres) from Bishop Auckland.

Bishop Auckland railway station
Bishop Auckland is a railway station that serves the market town of Bishop Auckland in County Durham, North East England, 11 miles 77 chains (19.3 km) north-west of Darlington. The station is the Western terminus of the Tees Valley Line, which links it to Saltburn via Darlington. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.