hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minkowski content
The Minkowski content (named after Hermann Minkowski), or the boundary measure, of a set is a basic concept that uses concepts from geometry and measure theory to generalize the notions of length of a smooth curve in the plane, and area of a smooth surface in space, to arbitrary measurable sets.

It is typically applied to fractal boundaries of domains in the Euclidean space, but it can also be used in the context of general metric measure spaces.

It is related to, although different from, the Hausdorff measure.

Content (measure theory)
In mathematics, in particular in measure theory, a content  is a real-valued function defined on a collection of subsets  such that

That is, a content is a generalization of a measure: while the latter must be countably additive, the former must only be finitely additive.

In many important applications the  is chosen to be a ring of sets or to be at least a semiring of sets in which case some additional properties can be deduced which are described below. For this reason some authors prefer to define contents only for the case of semirings or even rings.

If a content is additionally σ-additive it is called a pre-measure and if furthermore  is a σ-algebra, the content is called a measure. Therefore, every (real-valued) measure is a content, but not vice versa. Contents give a good notion of integrating bounded functions on a space but can behave badly when integrating unbounded functions, while measures give a good notion of integrating unbounded functions.
Levante UD (beach soccer)
Levante Unión Deportiva Fútbol Playa is a beach soccer club based in Valencia, Spain. Founded in 2013, the team is the official beach soccer department of Levante UD association football club. The club competes in the Spanish National Beach Soccer League (Liga Nacional de Fútbol Playa), Copa RFEF and international competitions.

The club has won two league titles and as of February 2020, is ranked as the second best club side in Europe.

Levante UD
Levante Unión Deportiva, S.A.D. (Spanish: [leˈβante wˈnjon depoɾˈtiβa]) is a Spanish football club in Valencia, in the namesake autonomous community.

Founded on 6 September 1909, the club will compete in La Liga for the 2025–26 season, holding home games at Ciutat de València Stadium.
Tokyo Gurentai
Tokyo Gurentai (東京愚連隊, Tōkyō Gurentai) is a professional wrestling stable, currently made up of Fujita, Kikuzawa, Mazada, and Nosawa Rongai. The group was formed in 2000 by Kikuzawa, Mazada and Nosawa and has since appeared for Japan's four biggest promotions; All Japan Pro Wrestling, Dragon Gate, New Japan Pro-Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah, as well as several larger independent promotions such DDT Pro-Wrestling, Diamond Ring, Kaientai Dojo, Osaka Pro Wrestling and Wrestling New Classic (WNC), while also regularly producing their own independent events. The stable has also made appearances for promotions in Mexico and the United States. Currently the stable is working most notably for Wrestle-1. "Gurentai", denoting "hoodlums", is one of the three principal member categories of the yakuza crime syndicate.

Kaz Hayashi
Kazuhiro Hayashi (林 和広, Hayashi Kazuhiro; born May 18, 1973), best known by the ring name Kaz Hayashi (カズ・ハヤシ, Kazu Hayashi), is a Japanese business executive and retired professional wrestler who last competed in Gleat and serves as the company's chief technical officer (CTO). He is best known for his work in World Championship Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), where in addition to being a wrestler for the latter promotion, he also served as the head booker for the company's junior heavyweight division. After leaving AJPW in 2013, Hayashi competed for Wrestle-1, where he also worked as a trainer. In April 2017, Hayashi took over as the new president of Wrestle-1, remaining in the position until the promotion's closure in 2020; he was also the promotion's final champion of the Wrestle-1 Championship.

Hayashi retired from in-ring competition in July 2024, and since then has maintained his role as Gleat's chief technical officer.
Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling
Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling (also German: Schutzmänner-Brigade Siegling; lit. 'Siegling's Auxiliary Police Brigade') was a Belarusian Auxiliary Police brigade formed by Nazi Germany in July 1944 in East Prussia, from six auxiliary police battalions (60th and 64th Belarusian and the 57th, 61st, 62nd and 63rd Ukrainian) following Operation Bagration.

Belarusian Home Defence
The Belarusian Home Defence, or Belarusian Home Guard (Belarusian: Беларуская краёвая абарона, romanized: Biełaruskaja krajovaja abarona, BKA; German: Weißruthenische Heimwehr) were collaborationist volunteer battalions formed by the Belarusian Central Council (1943–1944), a pro-Nazi Belarusian self-government within Reichskommissariat Ostland during World War II.
The BKA operated from February 23, 1944, to April 28, 1945. The 20,000 strong Belarusian Home Defence Force was formed under the leadership of Commissioner-General Curt von Gottberg, with logistical help from the German SS-Sonderbataillon Dirlewanger, commanded by Oskar Dirlewanger.
Coli, Emilia-Romagna
Coli (Ligurian: Cor; Piacentino: Cor) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) west of Bologna and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Piacenza. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,030 and an area of 72.2 square kilometres (27.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Coli contains the frazione (subdivision) Aglio.

Coli borders the following municipalities: Bettola, Bobbio, Corte Brugnatella, Farini, Ferriere, Travo.

Ferriere
Ferriere (Ligurian: E Ferrër; Piacentino: Al Frér) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Piacenza in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 150 kilometres (93 mi) west of Bologna and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Piacenza, in the Val Nure of the Ligurian Apennines.

Ferriere borders the following municipalities: Bardi, Bedonia, Cerignale, Coli, Corte Brugnatella, Farini, Ottone, Rezzoaglio, Santo Stefano d'Aveto.
Jessica Senra
Jessica Bouzas Senra de Souza, best known as Jessica Senra (born June 12, 1983), is a Brazilian journalist and TV host. She is known for having been, between 2018 and 2024, the anchor and executive editor of Bahia Meio Dia, the highest-rating noon newscast in Salvador, which airs on TV Bahia, a television station owned by Rede Bahia and affiliated to TV Globo in the capital of Bahia.

Jornal Nacional
Jornal Nacional (Portuguese for 'National News', pronounced [ʒoʁˈnaw nasi.oˈnaw, -sjoˈ-]) is the flagship television newscast of TV Globo. First airing on 1 September 1969, according to IBOPE (Brazilian Institute of Public Opinion and Statistics), in the week of 28 September–4 October 2015, it was the second most watched program in Brazilian television, with an average of 26,007,251 viewers per minute (roughly 12.5% of the Brazilian population) and for 5.5 million people worldwide via TV Globo Internacional.
Filk music
Filk music is a musical culture, genre, and community tied to science fiction, fantasy, and horror fandom and a type of fan labor. The genre has existed since the early 1950s and been played primarily since the mid-1970s. The genre has a niche but faithful popularity in the underground.

Science fiction fandom
Science fiction fandom or SF fandom is a community or fandom of people interested in science fiction in contact with one another based upon that interest. SF fandom has a life of its own, but not much in the way of formal organization (although formal clubs such as the Futurians (1937–1945) and the Los Angeles Science Fantasy Society (1934–present) are recognized examples of organized fandom).

Most often called simply "fandom" within the community, it can be viewed as a distinct subculture, with its own literature and jargon; marriages and other relationships among fans are common, as are multi-generational fan families.
Campion (lacewing)
Campion is a genus of mantisflies belonging to the subfamily Mantispinae.

The species of this genus are endemic to Australia, where they are widely distributed. Like most mantispids, they are homometabolous, with eggs laid on bark or other surfaces and parasitism of spider egg sacs practiced by larvae after hatching. Known hosts of Campion larvae include lycosid spiders and tarantulas.

Campion species are similar in appearance and may be difficult to distinguish.

Species:

Campion australasiae (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)

Campion callosus Lambkin, 1986

Campion chrysops (Stitz, 1913)

Campion cruciferus (Navás, 1914)

Campion impressus (Navás, 1914)

Campion kroombitensis Lambkin & New, 1994

Campion rubellus Navás, 1914

Campion spiniferus Lambkin, 1986

Campion tenuistriga (Gerstaecker, 1885)

Campion vittatus (Guérin-Ménéville, 1831)

Mantispidae
Mantispidae (/mænˈtɪspədiː/), commonly known as mantidflies, mantispids, mantid lacewings, mantisflies or mantis-flies, is a family of small to moderate-sized insects in the order Neuroptera. There are many genera with around 400 species worldwide, especially in the tropics and subtropics. Only five species of Mantispa occur in Europe. They are named after their raptorial forelimbs similar to those of mantises, a case of convergent evolution.
Sedia gestatoria
The sedia gestatoria (Italian: [ˈsɛːdja dʒestaˈtɔːrja], literally 'chair for carrying') or gestatorial chair is a ceremonial throne on which popes were carried on shoulders until 1978, which was later replaced outdoors in part with the popemobile. It consists of a richly adorned, silk-covered armchair, fastened on a suppedaneum, on each side of which are two gilded rings; through these rings pass the long rods with which twelve footmen (palafrenieri), in red uniforms, carry the throne on their shoulders. On prior occasions, as in the case of Pope Stephen III, popes were carried on the shoulders of men.

The sedia gestatoria is an elaborate variation on the sedan chair. Two large fans (flabella) made of white ostrich feathers—a relic of the ancient liturgical use of the flabellum, mentioned in the Constitutiones Apostolicae—were carried at either side of the sedia gestatoria.

Sediari
The Sediari pontifici (Italian: [seˈdjaːri pontiˈfiːtʃi]) were chair-bearers of the pope on the sedia gestatoria. Originally servants of the papal household, they later became a lay confraternity. The origins of the chair-bearers lie in medieval times, earlier even than the Swiss Guards.
Sunburst and Snowblind
Sunburst and Snowblind is an EP by Scottish alternative rock band Cocteau Twins. It was released on 18 November 1983 through the label 4AD. The EP features  "Sugar Hiccup" from the album Head over Heels, as well as three other tracks. The title is taken from the first line in the opening track of Head Over Heels, "When Mama Was Moth".

"From the Flagstones" and "Hitherto" were later included on the 1986 compilation album The Pink Opaque, and the entire EP was included on in 1991's The Box Set. All songs except "Because of Whirl-Jack" have been performed live. Unlike many Cocteau Twins songs, "Sugar Hiccup" and "From the Flagstones" have discernible English lyrics.

The EP was later reissued as an appendage to the CD version of Head Over Heels in the United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada.

Head over Heels (Cocteau Twins album)
Head over Heels is the second studio album by Scottish rock band Cocteau Twins. The album was released on 24 October 1983 through the label 4AD. It featured the band's signature sound of "Guthrie's lush guitars under Fraser's mostly wordless vocals" and is considered an archetype of early ethereal wave music.
Azhar (film)
Azhar is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language biographical sports drama film directed by Anthony D'Souza, inspired by the life of Indian cricketer and former national team captain Mohammad Azharuddin. The film is produced by Shobha Kapoor and Ekta Kapoor for Sony Pictures Networks and features Emraan Hashmi in the title role, with Lara Dutta, Nargis Fakhri, Prachi Desai, and Kunaal Roy Kapur in supporting roles. The film was released worldwide on 13 May 2016 and performed moderately at the box-office.

Sangeeta Bijlani
Sangeeta Bijlani (born 9 July 1960) is an Indian former actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who is known for winning the title of Femina Miss India 1980. She represented India at Miss Universe 1980. She started her acting career starring in Hindi films, playing a lead role in the film Qatil (1988) and was one of the three female leads in the film Tridev (1989).
Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica
Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica  is a species of the genus Iris, part of a subgenus known as Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a subspecies of Iris spuria and is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey in Asia with flowers in various shades of blue, but there are rare white forms. They have a yellow centre and darker veining. It has the common name of 'Muslim iris'. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris orientalis
Iris orientalis  is a species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Turkey and Greece, with white flowers with a yellow mark or blotch. It was also known as Iris ochroleuca for a long time. It is commonly known as yellow banded iris in the U.S. and Turkish iris in the UK but also has some other less common names. It is very hardy and has been known to naturalize in various countries.
It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
Heamoor
50°07′41″N 5°33′14″W﻿ / ﻿50.128°N 5.5538°W﻿ / 50.128; -5.5538

Heamoor (Cornish: An Hay) is a village in Cornwall, England. Formerly a secondary settlement of the village of Madron, Heamoor is situated approximately one-and-a half kilometres (just over a mile) northwest of Penzance town centre.

The village is in the civil parish of Penzance and forms a single ward on Penzance Town Council. The principal local authority is Cornwall Council.

Heamoor has a number of shops, The Sportsman's Arms pub, The British Legion and Scout group as well as several community facilities. There are two schools; Heamoor Community Primary School  and Mounts Bay Academy (formerly Heamoor Secondary Modern School, and later Mount's Bay School and Community Sports College), a comprehensive school.

Madron
Madron (Cornish: Eglosmadern (village) or Pluw Vadern (parish)) is a civil parish and village in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Madron is named after Saint Madern's Church. Its annual Trafalgar Service commemorating the death of Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson was started on 27 October 1946, following a local tradition that his death was first announced on British soil in the Union Hotel, Penzance.
Klimov TV3-117
The Klimov TV3-117 (Russian: Климов ТВ3-117) is a Soviet gas turbine aero engine. This engine was first made and designed by Klimov, an aerospace manufacturer based in Saint Petersburg Russia. It was developed as an advanced version of the Klimov TV2-117, incorporating significant improvements in performance and reliability. This engine was used in most medium lift, utility, and attack helicopters designed by the Mil and Kamov design bureaus. The TV3-117 turboshaft engine was developed in 1974. Later the Klimov TV3-117 was installed on 95% of all helicopters designed by Mil and Kamov Engineering Centre. The engine has been produced in many variants.

Klimov
UEC-Klimov (ОДК-Климов) is a Russian manufacturer of gas turbine engines, main gearboxes and accessory drive gearboxes for transport aircraft.

Originally established as Kirill Klimov Experimental Design Bureau in Saint-Petersburg under the direction of Vladimir Yakovlevich Klimov (Влади́мир Я́ковлевич Кли́мов) (1892–1962), Klimov designed engines for Soviet aircraft based on Renault aircraft engine designs. It may have used the designation Aircraft Repair Factory (aviazavod, ARZ) 117 during the Soviet period.
Lohvynove
Lohvynove (Ukrainian: Логвинове; Russian: Логвиново) is a village in Horlivka Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 58.6 km NE from the centre of the Oblast administrative centre, Donetsk, at about 4 km NW from Debaltseve.

The settlement was taken under control of pro-Russian forces during the War in Donbass, that started in 2014. The conflict has brought both civilian and military casualties.

Debaltseve
Debaltseve (Ukrainian: Дебальцеве, IPA: [deˈbɑlʲtsewe] ⓘ) or Debaltsevo (Russian: Дебальцево), is a city in Horlivka Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, currently occupied by Russia as part of the Donetsk People's Republic. The city is situated on the eastern edge of Donetsk Oblast, and borders Luhansk Oblast. Population: 24,209 (2022 estimate).

On 18 February 2015, after the Battle of Debaltseve, the town was captured by the Russian separatist forces.
Fosgonimeton
Fosgonimeton is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. It is a pro-drug of the active metabolite dihexa. Dihexa in turn binds to the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and potentiates its activity at its receptor, c-Met.

Dihexa
Dihexa (developmental code PNB-0408; also known as N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide) is an oligopeptide drug derived from angiotensin IV that binds with high affinity to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and potentiates its activity at its receptor, c-Met. The compound has been found to potently improve cognitive function in animal models of Alzheimer's disease-like mental impairment. In an assay of neurotrophic activity, dihexa was found to be seven orders of magnitude more potent than brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

According to a patent, "Short duration safety studies with dihexa have uncovered no apparent toxicity. Of particular note is a lack of neoplastic induction, since c-Met is recognized as an oncogene. This is unsurprising since oncogenesis requires multiple mutations including both oncogene induction and tumor suppressor attenuation."
United Development Party
The United Development Party (Indonesian: Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, PPP or P3), is one of the Islamist political parties in Indonesia. At the time of its declaration on January 5, 1973, this party was the result of a merger of four religious parties, namely the Nahdlatul Ulama Party (NU), the Islamic Education Movement (PERTI), the Indonesian Islamic Union Party (PSII), and the Indonesian Muslims' Party (PARMUSI). The first chairman at that time was Mohammad Syafaat Mintaredja. The merger of the four religious parties was aimed at simplifying the party system in Indonesia in facing the first general election during the New Order in 1973. Because the party's distinctive logo was associated with Islamic religious politics, the PPP was popularly known as the Ka'bah Party.

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
Madison piercing
A Madison piercing is a body piercing  going through the skin at the front of the neck. They are surface piercings, and have a high rate of migration and rejection. They have a long healing period, if they heal at all. The Madison piercing is named after the first person publicly associated with it, the porn star Madison Stone.

Surface piercing
Surface piercings are piercings that are found on flat parts of the body, giving a double-pierced look that sits flat against the skin. A surface bar follows the plane of skin, while a standard piercing is pierced through the plane. Standard piercings have an entrance hole with an exit hole that is usually directly behind the entrance hole, whereas with a surface piercing the entrance and exit holes are next to each other on the skin surface.
Rovasenda railway station
Rovasenda railway station (Italian: Stazione di Rovasenda) is one of two train stations serving the comune of Rovasenda (situated in the valley part of hill), in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. It is the junction of the Biella–Novara. It also plays the role of interchange with station Rovasenda Alta of line Santhià–Arona.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), while train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Both companies are subsidiaries of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Rovasenda
Rovasenda is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Turin and 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Vercelli. As of 31 December 2020, it had a population of 9,025 and an area of 29.3 square kilometres (11.3 sq mi).

Rovasenda borders the following municipalities: Arborio, Brusnengo, Buronzo, Gattinara, Ghislarengo, Lenta, Masserano, Roasio, and San Giacomo Vercellese.
Real Radio XS
Real Radio XS was a radio station brand operated by Real and Smooth Ltd (formerly GMG Radio) based in Salford, Greater Manchester, broadcasting a variety of peak-time news, rock music and talk output. The Manchester-based version of the service was broadcast to Greater Manchester on FM, and to a number of areas on DAB: the closure of the MXR regional multiplexes ended most digital carriage of the service, with the last remaining digital transmission, to Yorkshire, ending in 2014. The other Real Radio XS service, covering Paisley and Renfrewshire on FM and central belt Scotland digitally, became Xfm Scotland in 2014 following Global's purchase of the franchise, before closing entirely in 2015. 
The Manchester frequency now transmits Radio X 90s under the control of Communicorp UK, whilst the Scottish license was re-advertised by Ofcom and now carries Nation Broadcasting-owned Nation Radio Scotland.

GMG Radio
GMG Radio was a company that owned the Real Radio and Smooth Radio networks. As GMG Radio, the company was the radio division of the Guardian Media Group until it was bought in 2012 by Global Radio. Pending regulatory review of the merger, the company was renamed Real and Smooth Limited and operated as a separate entity until May 2014.