hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eidselva
Eidselva or Lundeelva is a river in Nome Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 7.5-kilometre (4.7 mi) long river is part of Skiensvassdraget watershed and it is an important part of the Telemark Canal system. The river begins at the lake Nomevatnet, just east of the village of Bjervamoen and flows to the east and south into the large lake Norsjø at the village of Ulefoss.

Throughout its course, there are six sluices (14 sluicegates), with a total rise of around 57 metres (187 ft). In the river, there are four hydroelectric power stations: Eidsfoss, Vrangfoss, Ulefoss, and Aall-Ulefoss.

Nome, Norway
Nome is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Midt-Telemark and historically part of the Grenland region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ulefoss. Other villages include Bjervamoen, Ulefoss, Helgja, Flåbygd, and Svenseid.

The 430-square-kilometre (170 sq mi) municipality is the 230th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Nome is the 150th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,559. The municipality's population density is 17 inhabitants per square kilometre (44/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1% over the previous 10-year period.

Nome is a large agricultural and forestry municipality. The agricultural area in Nome is approximately 27,000 decares (10 sq mi). Forest harvesting averaged 36,000 cubic metres (1,300,000 cu ft) annually in the five-year period 2017–2021. Just over half was spruce, the rest was pine.
American Music Award for Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist
The American Music Awards for Favorite Artist – Adult Contemporary has been awarded since 1992. Years reflect the year during which the awards were presented, for works released in the previous year (until 2003 onward, when awards were handed out on November of the same year). The all-time winner in this category is Celine Dion with 4 wins, she is also the most nominated artist with 6 nominations.

American Music Awards
The American Music Awards (AMAs) is an annual American music awards show produced by Dick Clark Productions since 1974. Nominees are selected on commercial performance such as sales and airplay. Winners are determined by a poll of the public who vote through the AMAs website.

The event originally aired on ABC after the network's contract to air the Grammy Awards expired. After the 2022 ceremony, when ABC's rights to broadcast the ceremony expired, the American Music Awards were put on hiatus. In March 2024, it was announced that the AMAs would move to CBS as part of a deal with its rights to broadcast the now DCP-owned Golden Globe Awards. The event remained on hiatus for 2024, with CBS airing a 50th anniversary special in October 6, ahead of a 2025 return, which was held on May 26, and hosted by Jennifer Lopez.
Yakama
The Yakama are a Native American tribe with nearly 10,851 members, based primarily in eastern Washington state.

Yakama people today are enrolled in the federally recognized tribe, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation. Their Yakama Indian Reservation, along the Yakima River, covers an area of approximately 1.2 million acres (5,260 km2). Today the nation is governed by the Yakama Tribal Council, which consists of representatives of 14 tribes.

Their right to fish in their former territory is protected by treaties and was re-affirmed in late 20th-century court cases such as United States v. Washington (known as the Boldt Decision, 1974) and United States v. Oregon (Sohappy v. Smith, 1969), though more than a century of U.S. industrial pollution has contaminated these waterways with dangerous levels of toxic chemicals. The Columbia Basin Initiative aims to improve salmon-fishing for the tribe.

Sohappy v. Smith
Sohappy v. Smith, 302 F. Supp. 899 (D. Or. 1969), was a federal case heard by the United States District Court for the District of Oregon, decided in 1969 and amended in 1975. It began with 14 members of the Yakama tribe who sued the U.S. state of Oregon over its fishing regulations. The federal court combined the case with another case, United States v. Oregon, in which the U.S. federal government sued the state along with the Yakama, Warm Springs, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes.

The ruling issued by judge Robert C. Belloni in 1969 is known as the "Belloni Decision" or the "Fair Share Doctrine." It is an interpretation of the decision in Puyallup Tribe v. Department of Game of Washington (1968).

Belloni's ruling acknowledged the right of several tribes of Native Americans to fish in the Columbia River with minimal regulation by the government of the United States or by local governments.

The rights were further clarified in United States v. Washington in 1974.
Baffin Island
Baffin Island (formerly Baffin Land and also James Island), in the Canadian territory of Nunavut, is the largest island in Canada, the second-largest island in the Americas (behind Greenland), and the fifth-largest island in the world. Its area is 507,451 km2 (195,928 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Thailand) with a population density of 0.026/km2 (0.067/sq mi); the population was 13,039 according to the 2021 Canadian census; and it is located at 68°N 70°W﻿ / ﻿68°N 70°W﻿ / 68; -70﻿ (Baffin Island). Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, is located on Frobisher Bay on the southern tip of the island.

Helluland
Helluland (Old Norse pronunciation: [ˈhelːoˌlɑnd]) is one of the three lands, the others being Vinland and Markland, seen by Bjarni Herjólfsson, encountered by Leif Erikson and further explored by Thorfinn Karlsefni Thórdarson around AD 1000 on the North Atlantic coast of North America. As some writers refer to all land beyond Greenland as Vinland, Helluland is sometimes considered a part of Vinland.
Tralee Mitchels GAA
Tralee Mitchels were a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland before the formation of the three Tralee clubs namely John Mitchels, Austin Stacks and Kerins O'Rahilly's. They were one of the top teams in the county winning Football County Championships in 1896, 1897, 1902, 1903, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1917 and 1919. They also won three Hurling County Championship in 1908, 1911, 1912

The first recorded meeting of Tralee Mitchels club officers was on 29 January 1888 at the Young Ireland Society Rooms.

Tralee
Tralee (/trəˈliː/ trə-LEE; Irish: Trá Lí, pronounced [t̪ˠɾˠaː(j) ˈl̠ʲiː]; formerly Tráigh Lí, meaning 'strand [of the River] Lee') is the county town of County Kerry in the south-west of Ireland. The town is on the northern side of the neck of the Dingle Peninsula, and is the largest town in County Kerry. The town's population was 26,079 as of the 2022 census, making it the 15th largest urban settlement in Ireland. Tralee is known for the Rose of Tralee International Festival, which has been held annually in August since 1959.
Nijō Masamaro
Baron Nijō Masamaro (二条 正麿; January 9, 1872 – February 18, 1929), son of Nijō Nariyuki, was a Japanese politician who served as a member of House of Peers in the Meiji period. He was the father of Nijō Toyomoto (二条 豊基; 1909–1944) and Nijō Tamemoto (二条 弼基; 1911–1985). Tamemoto was adopted by Nijō Atsumoto.

Nijō Nariyuki
Nijō Nariyuki (二条 斉敬; November 1, 1816 – December 5, 1878) was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the late Edo period and the early Meiji period. He was the last kampaku regent in Japanese history and the last sesshō as a subject. He was the 26th head of the Nijō family.
Statue of John Sutter
The statue of John Sutter was created in 1987 and installed in Sacramento, California, United States.
John Sutter was a colonizer of California during the Gold Rush and the founder of Sutter's Fort.
The statue was removed in June 2020 "over claims it represents slavery and oppression".

John Sutter
John Augustus Sutter (February 23, 1803 – June 18, 1880), born Johann August Sutter and known in Spanish as Don Juan Sutter, was a Swiss immigrant who became a Mexican and later an American citizen, known for establishing Sutter's Fort in the area that would eventually become Sacramento, California, the state's capital. His employee James W. Marshall discovered gold, leading to the founding of the mill-making team at Sutter's Mill. Sutter, however, saw his own business ventures fail during the California gold rush, though those of his elder son, John Augustus Sutter Jr., were more successful.
Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman
Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman is a 2003 American animated superhero film based on The New Batman Adventures (1997–1999). Released in the U.S. in October 2003, the film was produced by Warner Bros. Animation and is the fourth film in the DC Animated Universe.

Harvey Bullock (character)
Harvey Bullock (/ˈbʊlək/) is a fictional detective appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with the superhero Batman. The character first appeared in Detective Comics #441 (June 1974) and was created by Archie Goodwin and Howard Chaykin. In animation, he appeared throughout the DC Animated Universe, voiced by Robert Costanzo. He debuted in live-action in 2014 on Fox's television series Gotham, portrayed by Donal Logue.
Paul Linden
Paul Frederick Linden (born 29 January 1947) FRS FRMetS is a mathematician specialising in fluid dynamics. He was the third G. I. Taylor Professor of Fluid Mechanics at the University of Cambridge, inaugural Blasker Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Environmental Science and Engineering at the UC San Diego and a fellow of Downing College.

G. I. Taylor Professor of Fluid Mechanics
The G. I. Taylor Professorship of Fluid Mechanics is a professorship in fluid mechanics at the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1992 and named in honor of G. I. Taylor, after a fundraising campaign by George Batchelor.

Philip Saffman, a student of Batchelor and Taylor, was offered the chair in the 1990s. However, he turned it down. He stated later that he was "very tempted" by the offer, but that he was stopped by the difficulty of moving his family from California to England.
Pulpitis
Pulpitis is inflammation of dental pulp tissue. The pulp contains the blood vessels, the nerves, and connective tissue inside a tooth and provides the tooth's blood and nutrients. Pulpitis is mainly caused by bacterial infection which itself is a secondary development of caries (tooth decay). It manifests itself in the form of a toothache.

Pulp (tooth)
Odontoblast layer;

Cell-free zone of Weil;

Cell-rich zone;

Pulp core

The pulp is the connective tissue, nerves, blood vessels, and odontoblasts that comprise the innermost layer of a tooth. The pulp's activity and signalling processes regulate its behaviour.
SG Flensburg-Handewitt
SG Flensburg-Handewitt is a professional handball club from Flensburg and Handewitt in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Currently, they compete in the Handball-Bundesliga and EHF European League. They play home matches at Flens-Arena. Since forming in 1990, the club has been one of Germany's most successful teams domestically and in European tournaments. The club is best known for winning the EHF Champions League in 2014 by defeating arch-rivals THW Kiel in the final 30–28.

Handewitt
Handewitt (German pronunciation: [ˈhandəvɪt]; Danish: Hanved) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the border with Denmark, approximately 7 km west of Flensburg.
2004 Copa Sudamericana finals
The 2004 Copa Sudamericana finals was a two-legged football match-up to determine the 2004 Copa Sudamericana champion. It was contested by Bolivian club Bolívar and Argentinian club Boca Juniors. Both teams were playing in their first Copa Sudamericana finals. The first leg was played in Estadio Hernando Siles in La Paz on 8 December and the host team Bolívar won 1–0. The second leg was played in La Bombonera in Buenos Aires on 17 December and the host team Boca Juniors won 2–0, thus being crowned the champions.

It was also the first Copa Sudamericana trophy won by Boca Juniors, which as winners, earned the right to play in the 2005 Recopa Sudamericana against the winner of the 2004 Copa Libertadores.

Hernando Siles Stadium
Hernando Siles Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Hernando Siles, [esˈtaðjo eɾˈnando ˈsiles]), also known as Estadio Olímpico La Paz, is a multi-purpose stadium in La Paz, Bolivia. It is the country's largest stadium, with a capacity of 41,143 seats. It is named after Hernando Siles Reyes (1882–1942), the 31st President of Bolivia (1926–1930). Its biggest attendance was in 03/03/1989 during the match between Bolivar and Danubio, with 60,000 fans in attendance. (Copa Libertadores)

The stadium is located in the Miraflores borough of La Paz, at an altitude of 3,582 meters (11,752 feet) above sea level, making it one of the highest professional stadiums in the world. Opened in 1930, it is the home ground of three major Bolivian league football clubs; Club Bolívar, The Strongest and La Paz F.C., as well as several smaller top sides: Universitario de La Paz, Chaco Petrolero and Mariscal Braun. The stadium also hosts lower league clubs: Fraternidad Tigres and Academia de Balompié Boliviano.
Westfield Sportscars
Westfield Sportscars is a manufacturer of both factory built and kit versions of several two-seater, open top sportscars. Their main product is a Lotus Seven inspired car – vehicles originally designed by Colin Chapman with only the bare essentials for motoring in order to give the rawest and most exhilarating driving experience.

Kit car
A kit car is an automobile available as a set of parts that a manufacturer sells and the buyer then assembles into a functioning car. Usually, many of the major mechanical systems such as the engine and transmission are sourced from donor vehicles or purchased new from other vendors. Kits vary in completeness, consisting of as little as a book of plans, or as much as a complete set with all components to assemble into a fully operational vehicle such as those from Caterham.
North Wales and Liverpool Railway
The North Wales and Liverpool Railway (NWLR), was the name given to the joint committee formed to construct a railway between Bidston, on the Wirral Railway and Hawarden on the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway's (MSLR) Chester & Connah's Quay Railway from Chester to its link with the Wrexham, Mold and Connah's Quay Railway (WMCQR): the committee was between the two latter Railways. When the WMCQR went into receivership in 1897 the MSLR (by then known as the Great Central Railway) bought the combined WMCQR and the Bidston extension. The committee was dissolved in 1904.

The line now forms the Northern part of the Borderlands Line.

Great Central Railway
The Great Central Railway in England was formed when the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway changed its name in 1897, anticipating the opening in 1899 of its London Extension. On 1 January 1923, the company was grouped into the London and North Eastern Railway.
Kampong Baroe
Kampong Baroe (Javanese: ꦏꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦁ​​ꦧꦫꦸ; Standard Malay: Kampung Baru) is a resort in Suriname, located in the Saramacca District.  Its population at the 2012 census was 2,248, the majority being Javanese, and East Indian. The main agricultural crop is peanuts. Kampong Baroe also contains cattle, pig, and chicken farms. "Kampong Baroe" in Malay language literally means "New Village" (Kampong: Village and Baru/Baroe: New).

Kampong Baroe has a clinic, and a school. On 23 March 2020, construction of a multi functional centre started.

Other villages located in the resort are Boston, Uitkijk, Dam Parra, Totikamp, and Maho.

Boston, Suriname
Boston is a settlement in Kampong Baroe in the Saramacca District of Suriname, near the resort capital of Kampong Baroe. Boston was founded as a wood plantation in 1819, and abandoned in 1828. In 1840, it was listed as inhabited, and used for crop cultivation.
Au file format
The Au file format is a simple audio file format introduced by Sun Microsystems. The format was common on NeXT systems and on early Web pages. Originally it was headerless, being 8-bit μ-law-encoded data at an 8000 Hz sample rate. Hardware from other vendors often used sample rates as high as 8192 Hz, often integer multiples of video clock signal frequencies. Newer files have a header that consists of six unsigned 32-bit words, an optional information chunk which is always of non-zero size, and then the data (in big-endian format).

Although the format now supports many audio encoding formats, it remains associated with the μ-law logarithmic encoding. This encoding was native to the SPARCstation 1 hardware, where SunOS exposed the encoding to application programs through the /dev/audio device file interface. This encoding and interface became a de facto standard for Unix sound.

Audio file format
An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with a defined storage layer.
Seoul 1945
Seoul 1945 (Korean: 서울 1945) is a 2006 South Korean period television series starring Ryu Soo-young, Han Eun-jung, So Yoo-jin, Kim Ho-jin, and Park Sang-myun. It aired on KBS1 from January 1 to September 26, 2006, on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:30 for 71 episodes.

Set around 1945 right after Korea's liberation from Japanese colonial rule when the nation was engulfed by ideological turmoil, the story revolves around the rivalry between Suk-kyoung (So), a renowned pianist and daughter of a rich pro-Japanese politician, and Hae-kyung (Han), a headstrong servant; both women love Woon-hyuk (Ryu), whose ambition to become a lawyer gets thwarted due to his political ideology.

Chang Taek-sang
Chang Taek-sang (Korean: 장택상; October 22, 1893 – August 1, 1969), also spelled Jang Taek-sang, was a Korean independence activist and South Korean policeman and politician. He was the prime minister of South Korea and Minister of Foreign Affairs. His art name was Changrang.
Gerenzano
Gerenzano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Varese.

Gerenzano borders the following municipalities: Cislago, Rescaldina, Rovello Porro, Saronno, Turate, Uboldo.

Turate
Turate (Comasco, Varesino: Turaa [tyˈraː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Como.

Turate borders the following municipalities: Cirimido, Cislago, Fenegrò, Gerenzano, Limido Comasco, Lomazzo, Rovello Porro.
Melasphaerula
Melasphaerula is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1803.  There is only one known species, Melasphaerula graminea, native to Namibia and the Cape Province in South Africa.

The genus name is derived from the Greek words melas, meaning "black", and sphaerulos, meaning "small sphere".

Some sources use the name Melasphaerula parviflora for the species, not accepting Melasphaerula graminea.

Iridaceae
Iridaceae (/ɪrɪˈdeɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises. It has a nearly global distribution, with 69 accepted genera with a total of about 2500 species. It includes a number of economically important cultivated plants, such as species of Freesia, Gladiolus, and Crocus, as well as the crop saffron.

Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome.  The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold. Some examples of members of this family are the blue flag and yellow flag.
Edinburgh Rugby Stadium
The Edinburgh Rugby Stadium, officially known as the Hive Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is a rugby union stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the home of Edinburgh Rugby, one of Scotland's two professional rugby clubs. The stadium is located next to Murrayfield Stadium and Murrayfield Ice Rink, beside the Water of Leith adjacent to the Saughtonhall and Balgreen neighbourhoods. It has a capacity of 7,800, and was completed on 16 February 2021.

Murrayfield Ice Rink
Murrayfield Ice Rink is a 3,800-seat multi-purpose arena in Edinburgh, Scotland, adjacent to Murrayfield Stadium and situated between the Murrayfield, Roseburn and Saughtonhall neighbourhoods. It was built between 1938 and 1939 (but was not used for its intended purpose until the 1950s, having been used as a store during the Second World War) and is home to the Edinburgh Capitals ice hockey team and a seven-sheet curling rink which was constructed in the 1970s following the closure of Haymarket Ice Rink.
J.R.S.E.T. College of Law
J.R.S.E.T. College of Law is a private aided law college at Uttar Panchpota in Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal. The college is affiliated to University of Kalyani and also approved by the Bar Council of India.

University of Kalyani
The University of Kalyani, established in 1960, is a collegiate public research university located in Kalyani, West Bengal, India. It is administered by the Government of West Bengal, affiliated with the University Grants Commission (UGC), and accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) with an "A" grade. The university offers academic programs at the undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels.
Al Sadd (Qatar)
Al Sadd (Arabic: اَلسَّدّ, romanized: As Sadd) is a neighborhood of Doha, the capital city of Qatar. The football team Al-Sadd and the Al-Sadd Sports Complex are located here. Rumeilah Hospital and The Children's Hospital are also based in the district.

Since the start of the 21st century, the district has witnessed massive development, resulting in the addition of thousands of residential units and a skyline dominated by Western-style high rises.

Al Messila (Doha)
Al Messila (Arabic: المسيلة, romanized: Al-Misīlah) is a Qatari district in the municipality of Doha. For the most part, large gated compounds and schools occupy this district. It shares its western border with Lebday and Old Al Rayyan in Al Rayyan Municipality.
Avro Avian
The Avro Avian is a series of British light aircraft designed and built by Avro in the 1920s and 1930s. While the various versions of the Avian were sound aircraft, they were comprehensively outsold by the de Havilland Moth and its descendants. American examples manufactured under licence by the Whittesley Manufacturing Co. in Bridgeport, Connecticut are also known as the Whittesley Avian.

Wop May
Wilfrid Reid "Wop" May, OBE, DFC (March 20, 1896 – June 21, 1952) was a Canadian flying ace in the First World War and a leading post-war aviator. He was the final Allied pilot to be pursued by Manfred von Richthofen before the German ace was shot down on the Western Front in 1918. After the war, May returned to Canada, pioneering the role of a bush pilot while working for Canadian Airways in Northern Alberta and the Northwest Territories.