hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Non-local variable
In programming language theory, a non-local variable is a variable that is not defined in the local scope. While the term can refer to global variables, it is primarily used in the context of nested and anonymous functions where some variables can be in neither the local nor the global scope.

In Lua they are called the upvalues of the function.

Local variable
In computer science, a local variable is a variable that is given local scope.  A local variable reference in the function or block in which it is declared overrides the same variable name in the larger scope. In programming languages with only two levels of visibility, local variables are contrasted with global variables. On the other hand, many ALGOL-derived languages allow any number of nested levels of visibility, with private variables, functions, constants and types hidden within them, either by nested blocks or nested functions. Local variables are fundamental to procedural programming, and more generally modular programming: variables of local scope are used to avoid issues with side-effects that can occur with global variables.
Funemployed (EP)
Funemployed is a four-track EP by British punk rock band Gnarwolves released on 17 June 2013 through Big Scary Monsters. All four tracks would later appear on the compilation album Chronicles of Gnarnia.

Chronicles of Gnarnia
Chronicles of Gnarnia is a compilation album by the British punk rock band Gnarwolves, released 24 February 2014. The album compiles songs from Gnarwolves first three EPs, Fun Club, CRU and Funemployed.
New Avengers
The New Avengers are a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The title has been used for four American comic book series. The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel's premiere superhero team, the Avengers. The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati (formerly introduced in New Avengers vol. 1 #7, July 2005). The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M., reformed as "Avengers Idea Mechanics", whose field team has appropriated the name "New Avengers" for itself.

A version of the New Avengers debuted in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film Thunderbolts* (2025), and are set to return in Avengers: Doomsday (2026).

Hawkeye (Clint Barton)
Hawkeye (Clinton Francis "Clint" Barton) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Don Heck, the character first appeared as a supervillain in Tales of Suspense #57 (September 1964) and later joined the Avengers as a superhero in The Avengers #16 (May 1965). He has since been a prominent member of several Avengers teams, founding the West Coast Avengers, briefly marrying and subsequently divorcing Bobbi Morse / Mockingbird, adopting the Ronin alias after his death and resurrection before mentoring Kate Bishop as his successor as Hawkeye. He was also ranked at #44 on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes list.

Jeremy Renner plays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016), and Avengers: Endgame (2019), the animated series What If...? (2021), and the television miniseries Hawkeye (2021).
Presteheia
Presteheia is a neighborhood in the city of Kristiansand (town) which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Lund in the district of Gimlekollen. It is located to the west of Bjørndalssletta, north of Oddemarka, and east of Gimlemoen. The neighborhood developed after the year 2000 has many "rekkehus" and terrace blocks. The residents of the area are both young families and elderly people. The view from Presteheia is magnificent overlooking the borough of Lund, the University of Agder, and the downtown Kvadraturen area. You can see both Oksoy and the island of Odderøya from the top of Presteheia.

Oddemarka
Oddemarka is a neighborhood in the city of Kristiansand in Vest-Agder county, Norway.  It is located in the borough of Lund.  The European route E18 highway passes by the neighborhood on the north side.  The neighborhood of Presteheia lies to the north of Oddemarka, Kjøita lies to the west, and Marvika lies to the south.  Oddemarka school is located in the neighborhood.

The population is about 200 inhabitants.
Amarna letter EA 245
Amarna letter EA 245, titled: "Assignment of Guilt," is a medium length clay tablet Amarna letter from Biridiya the governor-'mayor' of Magidda. It is letter number four of five from Biridiya.

The letter is in pristine condition except for a missing flake (lower-right, obverse) causing a lacuna at the end of a few lines. The cuneiform characters are finely inscribed, with some photos that can even show the individual strokes of the cuneiform characters (the stroke sequence). The letter is 47-lines long, and about 5-in tall. Letter EA 245 (see here-(Obverse): ), is numbered BM 29855, at the British Museum.

The Amarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are a mid 14th century BC, about 1350 BC and 20–25 years later, correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found at Akhenaten's city Akhetaten, in the floor of the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.

Hannathon
This article is about the biblical city. For the kibbutz, see Hanaton

Hannathon or Hinnatuna was a city-state in Canaan during the Late Bronze Age. It is most likely identical with the archaeological site Tel Hanaton.
Kuttab
A kuttab (Arabic: كُتَّاب kuttāb, plural: kataatiib, كَتاتِيبُ) or maktab (Arabic: مَكْتَب) is a type of elementary school in the Muslim world. Though the kuttab was primarily used for teaching children in reading, writing, grammar, and Islamic studies, such as memorizing and reciting the Qur'an (including Qira'at), other practical and theoretical subjects were also often taught. The kuttāb represents an old-fashioned method of education in Muslim majority countries, in which a sheikh teaches a group of students who sit in front of him on the ground. Until the 20th century, when modern schools developed, kuttabs were the prevalent means of mass education in much of the Islamic world.

Sabil (fountain)
A sabil or sebil (Arabic: سبيل, romanized: sabīl; Turkish: sebil) is a small kiosk in the Islamic architectural tradition where water is freely dispensed to members of the public by an attendant behind a grilled window. The term is sometimes also used to refer to simple unmanned fountains with a tap for drinking water, though other names often exist for such fountains (such as çesme in Turkish).

Historically, sabils are structures of both civic and religious importance in Muslim cities, most prominently in the cities of the Ottoman Empire, based in Istanbul, and of the Mamluk Empire, based in Cairo. They were built at crossroads, in the middle of city squares, and on the outside of mosques and other religious complexes to provide drinking water for travelers and to assist ritual ablutions before prayer.
The Three Musketeers (1942 film)
The Three Musketeers (Spanish: Los tres mosqueteros) is a 1942 Mexican comedy film directed by Miguel M. Delgado and starring Cantinflas. It is based on the 1844 novel of the same name by Alexandre Dumas.

Estanislao Shilinsky
Estanislao Schillinsky Bachanska (10 August 1911 – 27 September 1985), known as Estanislao Shilinsky or simply Shilinsky, was a Lithuanian-born Mexican comedian and the half of the 1940–1970 comedy duo Manolín y Shilinsky with Manuel Palacios ("Manolín").
Provincial episcopal visitor
A provincial episcopal visitor (PEV), popularly known as a flying bishop, is a Church of England bishop assigned to minister to many of the clergy, laity and parishes who on grounds of theological conviction "are unable to receive the ministry of women bishops or priests" as well as the ministry of male bishops or priests at whose ordination a female bishop presided. The system by which bishops oversee these churches is referred to as alternative episcopal oversight (AEO).

Bishop of Maidstone
The Bishop of Maidstone is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Canterbury, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the county town of Maidstone in Kent.
Smith County, Texas
Smith County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 233,479. Its county seat is Tyler. Smith County is named for James Smith, a general during the Texas Revolution. Smith County is part of the Tyler metropolitan statistical area and the Tyler–Jacksonville combined statistical area.

Tyler metropolitan area
The Tyler metropolitan area, or Greater Tyler area centered on the city of Tyler, Texas, is one of the largest Texan metropolitan areas in East Texas. It had a combined population of 216,080 according to the 2010 U.S. census, and 233,479 in 2020. The Tyler metropolitan area encompasses all of Smith County.
Ion plating
Ion plating (IP) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process that is sometimes called ion assisted deposition (IAD) or ion vapor deposition (IVD) and is a modified version of vacuum deposition. Ion plating uses concurrent or periodic bombardment of the substrate, and deposits film by atomic-sized energetic particles called ions. Bombardment prior to deposition is used to sputter clean the substrate surface. During deposition the bombardment is used to modify and control the properties of the depositing film. It is important that the bombardment be continuous between the cleaning and the deposition portions of the process to maintain an atomically clean interface. If this interface is not properly cleaned, then it can result into a weaker coating or poor adhesion.

They are many different processes to vacuum deposited coatings in which they are used for various applications such as corrosion resistance and wear on the material.

Vacuum deposition
Vacuum deposition is a group of processes used to deposit layers of material atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule on a solid surface. These processes operate at pressures well below atmospheric pressure (i.e., vacuum). The deposited layers can range from a thickness of one atom up to millimeters, forming freestanding structures. Multiple layers of different materials can be used, for example to form optical coatings. The process can be qualified based on the vapor source; physical vapor deposition uses a liquid or solid source and chemical vapor deposition uses a chemical vapor.
Moisture management
Moisture management or moisture-wicking is a functional property in textiles that enables them to transfer moisture from the skin, by capillary action through the fabric, spreading it over a large external surface area, which helps in drying quickly. The property is one of the most important for thermal comfort of textiles.

Plated fabric
Plated fabrics are fabrics that have different colors or types of face and back. The fabrics are formed by using different kinds of yarn types or colors to both be invisible on the other side. Different properties of several textile fibers are exploited to obtain various surface interests and patterns. One of the aspects is the thermophysiological and moisture comfort of clothing.
Pili, Camarines Sur
Pili, officially the Municipality of Pili (Central Bikol: Banwaan kan Pili, Rinconada Bikol: Banwaan ka Pili, Tagalog: Bayan ng Pili) is a municipality and capital of the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 101,668 people.

It is widely known for its pili nuts, a local product associated with Bicolano culture, used in food products such as candied pili, pili tarts, and pili butter.

Central Bicol State University of Agriculture
The Central Bicol State University of Agriculture (Filipino: Pamantasang Pampamahalaan sa Agrikultura ng Gitnang Bikol), or simply referred to by its acronym CBSUA, is a state university in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. It envisions itself as an agricultural research university of global standards.

Founded in 1918, the university is now SUC level IV and ISO 9001:2015 accredited. Its main campus is in the capital town of Pili, while its other campuses are located in Pasacao, Sipocot, and Calabanga. It is the regional center for higher learning in agriculture in the Bicol Region.
Estero Bay (California)
Estero Bay (Spanish for "Estuary") is a bay located on the Pacific Coast in San Luis Obispo County, central California. It is about 15 miles (24 km) from its south end at Point Buchon/Montana de Oro State Park, to its north end at Point Estero, which is about 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Cayucos. It is indented about 5 miles (8 km) into the California coast.

Morro Bay, California
Morro Bay (Morro, Spanish for "Hill") is a seaside city in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. Located on the Central Coast of California, the city's population was 10,757 as of the 2020 census, up from 10,234 at the 2010 census. The town overlooks Morro Bay, a natural embayment with an all-weather, small-craft, commercial and recreational harbor.
Arthur Rodney
Arthur "Art" Rodney is a cruise line executive known for launching two new cruise lines.

Rodney joined the cruise industry at Princess Cruises in 1970. He eventual became chairman at that cruise line. He then went on to launch Crystal Cruises in 1988. Rodney was selected in May 1994 to serve as the first president of the Disney Cruise Line. He resigned on August 31, 1999, as cruise line president. Senior operating officer Matt Ouimet was named as his replacement.

Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line is the cruise line subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company. Incorporated in 1996 as Magical Cruise Company, Limited with the launch of its first vessel, the company is domiciled in London, England, with its operational headquarters in Celebration, Florida. As of 2026, Disney Cruise Line operates seven ships: Disney Magic, Disney Wonder, Disney Dream, Disney Fantasy, Disney Wish, Disney Treasure, and Disney Destiny, with an eighth ship, Disney Adventure, scheduled to enter service in March 2026. Five additional ships are on order and are expected to enter service by 2031. The cruise line operates two private destinations in The Bahamas used exclusively by Disney ships: Castaway Cay, a 1,000-acre (400 ha) private island, and Lookout Cay at Lighthouse Point, a 600-acre (240 ha) destination on the southern end of Eleuthera. Disney Cruise Line also operates exclusive-use cruise terminals in Florida at Port Canaveral and Port Everglades.
Tetramethylammonium
Tetramethylammonium (TMA) is the simplest quaternary ammonium cation. It has the chemical formula [Me4N]+ and consists of four methyl groups (−CH3, denoted Me) attached to a central nitrogen atom. The cation is isoelectronic with neopentane (Me4C). It is positively-charged and can only be isolated in association with a counter-ion. Common salts include tetramethylammonium chloride and tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Tetramethylammonium salts are used in chemical synthesis and in pharmacological research.  It confers no color to its salts.

Tetramethylammonium chloride
Tetramethylammonium chloride is one of the simplest quaternary ammonium salts, with four methyl groups tetrahedrally attached to the central N. The chemical formula (CH3)4N+Cl− is often abbreviated further as Me4N+Cl−. It is a hygroscopic colourless solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. Tetramethylammonium chloride is a major industrial chemical, being used widely as a chemical reagent and also as a low-residue bactericide in such processes as hydrofracking. In the laboratory, it has fewer synthetic chemical applications than quaternary ammonium salts containing longer N-alkyl substituents, which are used extensively as phase-transfer catalysts.
Steven A. Kandarian
Steven A. Kandarian was the president, chairman, and chief executive officer of MetLife. He became president and CEO on May 1, 2011, and chairman in January 2012 succeeding Robert Henrikson, who retired from those roles. Kandarian retired from MetLife on April 30, 2019 and was succeeded as president and CEO by Michel Khalaf and as chairman by Glenn Hubbard.

Glenn Hubbard (economist)
Robert Glenn Hubbard (born September 4, 1958) is an American economist. He was the dean of Columbia Business School  from 2004 to 2019, and remains the Russell L. Carson Professor of Finance and Economics there. Hubbard previously served as Deputy Assistant Secretary at the U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1991 to 1993, and as Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers from 2001 to 2003.

Hubbard is a visiting scholar at American Enterprise Institute, where he studies tax policy and health care. He was criticized for his reports and papers on deregulation during the 2008 financial crisis. He was also heavily criticized in the documentary Inside Job about the credit default swap scams that led to the 2008 financial crisis.
1976 CASAW wildcat strike
The 1976 CASAW wildcat strike was a wildcat strike action by members of the Canadian Association of Smelters and Allied Workers Union (CASAW) against Alcan in Kitimat, British Columbia. From June 3 to June 21 (18 days) union members blockaded roads to protest against Alcan management and wage and price controls imposed by the federal government. CASAW was not a member of the Canadian Labour Congress, the country's mainstream labour federation. Instead, it was affiliated with the Confederation of Canadian Unions.

Kitimat
Kitimat is a district municipality in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member municipality of the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine regional government. The Kitimat Valley is part of the most populous urban district in northwest British Columbia, which includes Terrace to the north along the Skeena River Valley. The city was planned and built by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan) during the 1950s.  Its post office was approved on 6 June 1952.

Kitimat's municipal area is 242.63 km2 (93.68 sq mi). It is located on tidewater in one of the few wide, flat valleys on the coast of British Columbia. The 2021 census recorded 8,236 citizens.

The District of Kitimat Development Services situates the port of Kitimat as an integral part of the Northwest Corridor connecting North America to the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific Rim.
League of Empire Loyalists
The League of Empire Loyalists (LEL) was a British pressure group (also called a "ginger group" in Britain and the Commonwealth of Nations), established in 1954. Its ostensible purpose was for the continuation and preservation of the British Empire. The League was a small group of former members of the Conservative Party led by A. K. Chesterton, a former leading figure in the British Union of Fascists, who had served under Sir Oswald Mosley. The League found support from some Conservative Party members, although most of the Conservative leadership disliked it.

Candour (magazine)
Candour is a British far-right political magazine founded by journalist and political activist A. K. Chesterton, appearing weekly from 1953 to 1960, and in to eight to ten issues per year by 1999, and irregularly published as of 2022.

The magazine displayed a "stolidly conservative" stance under the leadership of Chesterton, who feared that open racial hatred would tarnish the magazine's reputation and tried to cultivate a more respectable, conservative image. After Chesterton's death in 1973, Candour was edited by Rosine de Bounevialle until her own death in 1999. Since that year, the magazine has appeared intermittently under editor-in-chief Colin Todd, with an associated website.
Félix Sesúmaga
Félix Sesúmaga Ugarte (12 October 1898 – 24 August 1925) was a Spanish (Basque) footballer who played as a forward for Arenas Club de Getxo, FC Barcelona, Racing de Sama de Langreo, Athletic Bilbao and Spain.

Sesúmaga won the Copa del Rey three times with three different clubs  and also played in two back-to-back finals for two different clubs. In 1920 Sesúmaga was a member of the first Selección that played at the Olympic Games in Antwerp.

Sesúmaga’s playing career was shortened by tuberculosis, to which he succumbed on August 24, 1925, at only 26 years old.

Catalan football championship
The Catalan football championship (Campionat de Catalunya) was a football competition in Catalonia and the first football league in Spain before La Liga was established in 1929.

In December 1900, Alfons Macaya, the president of Hispania AC, offered a trophy (the Copa Macaya) to be contested by several football teams from Spain. The league was played between 1901 and 1940 and was cancelled in Francoist Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
Daisuke Kishio
Daisuke Kishio (岸尾 だいすけ, Kishio Daisuke; born March 28, 1974) is a Japanese voice actor, singer and narrator from Matsusaka, Mie. He changed his given name from 大輔 to だいすけ on June 1, 2007 with the pronunciation and romanization remaining the same. He joined Aoni Production on April 1, 2014. He used to belong to the Tokyo Actor's Consumer's Cooperative Society (Haikyou) and Horipro and worked as an independent voice actor in between switching agencies. His best known roles include the voice of Jet the Hawk in the Japanese version of the Sonic the Hedgehog series, Loke in Fairy Tail, Cabba in Dragon Ball Super, Junta Teshima in Yowamushi Pedal, and Fuyuhiko Kuzuryu in the Danganronpa series. His other roles include Taigong Wang in the Warriors Orochi series from 2 to 4 and Sima Zhao in the Dynasty Warriors and Warriors Orochi series.

At the second Seiyu Awards, he has been nominated for "Best Actor in a Leading role", "Best Actor in a Supporting Role" and "Best Radio Personality".

Shōnen Hollywood
Shōnen Hollywood (少年ハリウッド, Shōnen Hariuddo) is a Japanese media franchise created by Ikuyo Hashiguchi. It consists of an idol project, a novel by Hashiguchi that was published by Shogakukan in 2012 and an anime television series by Zexcs that aired between July 5, 2014 and September 27, 2014. Funimation has licensed the series for streaming and home video release in North America. Crunchyroll simulcast the series for territories outside of North America since July 5, 2014. A second season aired between January 10, 2015 and April 4, 2015.
Brno-Královo Pole
Brno-Královo Pole (German: Königsfeld, lit. 'Brno-King's Field') is a city district of Brno, the second largest city in the Czech Republic. It is made up of the cadastral territories of Královo Pole, Ponava and Sadová, as well as the northwestern corner of Černá Pole. The municipal district was established on November 24, 1990. It has about 30,000 inhabitants.

Formerly a village, it was annexed into Brno in 1919. A post office was opened 30 November 1868. For the purposes of the senate elections, the territory of the district is included in electoral district number 60 of Brno-City District.

Černá Pole
Černá Pole (German: Schwarzfeld, Hantec: Blekfild, lit. 'Black Fields') is a municipal part and cadastral territory of Brno, Czech Republic, located in the central part of the city. It has an area of 2.46 km2. The territory of modern Černá Pole was gradually annexed to Brno in parts in 1850, 1912 and 1919. Since 24 November 1990, Černá Pole has been divided between the city districts of Brno-sever (most of the territory), Brno-střed (south-western part with Lužánky park) and Brno-Královo Pole (a small part in the northwest). Over 20,000 people live here.