hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colosius
Colosius is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

The generic name Colosius is in honor of the Italian zoologist Giuseppe Colosi, who described a few species belonging to this genus in 1921. Thomé established the genus Colosius for five species in 1975. Gomes et al. synonymized Colosius propinquus with Colosius pulcher and discovered another new Colosius species in 2012.

Veronicellidae
The Veronicellidae, also known by their common name the leatherleaf slugs, are a family of pulmonate terrestrial slugs.

The herbivorous molluscs occur mainly in the tropical and subtropical areas of America, Asia, and Africa.

They act as intermediate hosts of the rat lung worm Angiostrongylus costaricensis, and act as a vector for other human diseases.  They also cause significant damage to crops.

In April 2013, family Veronicellidae was separated into six genera of concern according to the CAPS priority pest list. These genera include: Belocaulus, Colosius, Laevicaulis, Sarasinula, Semperula, and Veronicella.
Yekaterinodarsky otdel
The Yekaterinodarsky otdel was a Cossack district (otdel) of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Kavkazsky otdel to the north, the Tamansky otdel to the west, the Black Sea Governorate to the south, and the Maykopsky otdel to the east. The area of the Yekaterinodar otdel mostly corresponded to the contemporary Krasnodar Krai region of Russia. The district was eponymously named for its administrative center, Yekaterinodar (present-day Krasnodar).

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.
Special Demonstration Squad
The Special Demonstration Squad (SDS) was an undercover unit of Greater London's Metropolitan Police Service (MPS or the Met), set up in 1968 with the approval of the Wilson government, to infiltrate British protest groups. It was part of the Special Branch. It operated from 1968 to 2008.

Special Branch (Metropolitan Police)
Special Branch was a unit in the Metropolitan Police in London, formed as a counter-terrorism unit in 1883 and merged with another unit to form Counter Terrorism Command (SO15) in 2006. It maintained contact with the Security Service (MI5) and had responsibility for, among other things, personal protection of (non-royal) VIPs and performing the role of examining officer at designated ports and airports, as prescribed by the Terrorism Act 2000.
Paroo Shire Honour Board
Paroo Shire Honour Board is a heritage-listed memorial at the Civic Centre, Louise Street, Cunnamulla, Shire of Paroo, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1918 by Wunderlich. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Cunnamulla
Cunnamulla (/kʌnəˈmʌlə/) is a town and a locality in the Shire of Paroo, Queensland, Australia. It is 199 kilometres (124 mi) south of Charleville, and approximately 750 kilometres (470 mi) west of the state capital, Brisbane. In the 2021 census, the locality of Cunnamulla had a population of 1,233.
Charles Cracknell
Charles W. P. Cracknell MBE (13 September 1915 – 1 May 1997) was a British classical bassoonist and pedagogue. He taught at the Royal Northern College of Music in Manchester where his students included John Orford, Helen Peller, Steve Marsden, Laurence Perkins, and Jeremy Ward. He was the principal bassoonist of the Hallé Orchestra for 31 years, from 1946 in 1977.  He was made an Associate of the Royal Academy of Music in 1972 and awarded an MBE in 1980.  He gave the British premiere of Richard Strauss' Duet concertino for clarinet and bassoon with Pat Ryan in 1949.

John Orford
John Orford is a British classical bassoonist.
He studied under Charles Cracknell and William Waterhouse at the Royal Manchester College of Music. After graduation, he became a member of the Bournemouth Sinfonietta, and later the BBC Symphony Orchestra. In 1982, he was appointed Principal Bassoon of the London Sinfonietta. In 1984, he joined the faculty at the Royal Academy of Music and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama as professor of bassoon. In 1999, he commissioned Geoffrey Grey to write the piece Preamble and 5 Variations for bassoon and piano. He has appeared with all the major British orchestras, including the London Symphony Orchestra, London Philharmonic, Royal Philharmonic, and the Philharmonia.
Intrinsic low-dimensional manifold
In chemical kinetics, an intrinsic low-dimensional manifold is a technique to simplify the study of reaction mechanisms using dynamical systems, first proposed in 1992.

The ILDM approach fixes a low dimensional surface which describes well the slow dynamics and assumes that after a short time the fast dynamics are less important and the system can be described in the lower-dimensional space.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
New College, Teachers College, Columbia University
New College for the Education of Teachers (or simply New College) was a progressive undergraduate college under the auspices of Teachers College, Columbia University that existed from 1932 to 1939. It does not represent the current institution that is Teachers College Columbia University.

The college was located in New York City. It used the same facilities as Teachers College at the Morningside Heights campus. The college also had learning communities established in North Carolina, Georgia, and abroad in foreign study groups. Using innovative ideas such as extended foreign study, community-based active research, and authentic assessment, a portfolio-based undergraduate learning curriculum was developed which rejected traditional summative grades or the accumulation of credits as the basis of degree completion. This was truly a "learn by doing" experience.  The college was closed due to a combination of growing financial deficits and student activism in 1939.

Richard Thomas Alexander
Richard Thomas Alexander (1887–1971) was an American educator and education theorist. An early proponent of the progressive education movement of John Dewey, Alexander was the driving force behind the creation of the New College, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City. He was its chairman from 1932 to 1938. Alexander was described by his contemporaries as a hard-working, pragmatic man and a common sense academic with a genius for organization and a love of education.
Yonibana
Yonibana is a small rural town in Tonkolili District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone. It is the centre of the Yoni Chiefdom The vast majority of its population are from the Temne ethnic group and small minority fula, the Temne language and krio language is widely spoken in the town. Yonibana lies approximately 28.2 miles to the district capital Magburaka and approximately 90 miles north-east of Freetown.

The town is best known for being home to its dynamic poro society

Yonibana was connected to a branch line of the railroad in 1912.

The community is served by the Yonibana Secondary School, one of the oldest Secondary schools in Northern Sierra Leone, built in 1964.

Yonibana is the birthplace of Sierra Leone's minister of Health Haja Zainab Hawa Bangura; and Sierra Leone's former foreign minister from 2002 to 2007 Momodu Koroma.

Yoni Chiefdom
The Yoni Chiefdom is a Chiefdom of Sierra Leone located in Tonkolili District, Northern Province, Sierra Leone. It is centered on Yonibana and the Yoni people are part of the Temne and Fula ethnic groups.
Banana serotine
The banana serotine (Afronycteris nanus), formerly known as the banana pipistrelle, is a species of vesper bat found throughout much of Africa. It was previously known as Pipistrellus nanus, but genetic analysis later reclassified it in Neoromicia. However, more recent phylogenetic evidence indicates that it and Heller's serotine (A. helios) comprise the distinct genus Afronycteris.

Afronycteris
Afronycteris is a genus of vesper bat containing two species, both of which are found in sub-Saharan Africa. Its members were previously classified in Neoromicia before phylogenetic analysis found them to comprise a separate genus.

There are two species in this genus:

Heller's serotine, Afronycteris helios

Banana serotine, Afronycteris nanus
TROPEX
Theatre Level Operational Readiness Exercise (TROPEX) is an inter-service military exercise involving the participation of the Indian Army, Air Force, Navy and the Coast Guard. The exercise generally commences at the beginning of each year and lasts a month. It is generally carried out in three phrases: independent workup phase, joint workup phase and tactical phase.

The exercise is designed to test the combat readiness of the Indian naval units, as well as the Indian Air Force, Indian Army and the Indian Coast Guard. It also seeks to strengthen interoperability and joint operations in a complex environment.

Beginning in 2005, the exercise has been held annually, with the exception of 2016 and 2018. The latest edition of the exercise was conducted in 2025.

GSAT-7
GSAT-7 or INSAT-4F is a multi-band military communications satellite developed by ISRO. The Indian Navy is the user of the multi-band communication spacecraft, which has been operational since September 2013. According to defense experts, the satellite will enable the navy to extend its blue water capabilities and stop relying on foreign satellites like Inmarsat, which provide communication services to its ships.
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) is the national professional organization of Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) in the United States, with more than 428,000 members in 130 countries. Founded in 1887 as the American Association of Public Accountants (AAPA), the organization sets ethical standards and U.S. auditing standards. It also develops and grades the Uniform CPA Examination. AICPA is headquartered in Durham, North Carolina, and maintains additional offices in New York City, Washington, D.C., and Ewing, New Jersey.

Chartered Institute of Management Accountants
The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) is a global professional management accounting body, based in the United Kingdom. CIMA offers training and qualification in management accounting and related subjects. It is focused on accountants working in industry and provides ongoing support and training for members.

CIMA is one of the professional associations for accountants in the UK and Ireland. Its particular emphasis is on developing the management accounting profession. CIMA is the largest and the oldest management accounting body in the world, with over 229,000 members and students worldwide.

The Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA) qualification has the academic standing of a master's degree in the UK (recognised at Level 7 by NARIC).
Bismarck Tower (Hanover)
The Bismarck Tower (German: Bismarcksäule) in Hanover, Lower Saxony was a tower erected as a monument to the first Chancellor of the united German nation Otto von Bismarck for patriotic and nationalistic purposes. It became a hub for national socialist events in the city until its dismantlement in 1935 as part of the building of the Maschsee.

Bismarck tower
A Bismarck tower (German: Bismarckturm) is a specific type of monument built according to a more or less standard model across Germany to honour its first chancellor, Otto von Bismarck (d. 1898). A total of 234 of these towers were inventoried by Kloss and Seele in 2007 but more have been discovered since making the total around 240. These towers were built between 1869 and 1934 and some 173 remain today.  Quite a few of these towers, including all 47 based on Wilhelm Kreis's Götterdämmerung design, were built as so-called Bismarck Columns (Bismarcksäulen) or were converted into them. This description goes back to the Student Union's competition held in 1899, which was to encourage the erection of as many beacons as possible (and not observation towers). But other Bismarck towers, e.g., those that were purely beacons with no observation function, were often called Bismarck columns.
Toyota S engine
The Toyota S Series engines are a family of straight-four petrol (or CNG) engines with displacements between 1.8 and 2.2 litres, produced by Toyota Motor Corporation from January 1980 to August 2007. The S series has cast iron engine blocks and aluminium cylinder heads. This engine was designed around the new LASRE technology for lighter weight – such as sintered hollow camshafts.

Toyota Carina
The Toyota Carina (Japanese: トヨタ・カリーナ, Hepburn: Toyota Karina) is an automobile which was manufactured by Toyota from December 1970 to December 2001. It was introduced as a sedan counterpart of the Celica, with which it originally shared a platform. Later, it was realigned to the Corona platform, but retained its performance image, with distinctive bodywork and interior — aimed at the youth market and remaining exclusive to Japanese Toyota dealerships Toyota Store. It was replaced in Japan by the Toyota Allion in 2001 and succeeded in Europe by the Toyota Avensis.

The inspiration for the name Carina came from the constellation Carina, sharing a naming inspiration with the Celica, which is ultimately derived from the Latin word coelica meaning "heavenly" or "celestial".
Seth Low (fireboat)
The Seth Low was a fireboat built for the Brooklyn Fire Department in Brooklyn, New York, which operated from 1885 to 1917.: 254–255  Prior to her commissioning the Brooklyn Fire Department had relied on fireboats from neighboring municipality New York City. Unlike her opposite number of the New York City Fire Department (FDNY), which had hulls of iron, or steel, the Seth Low was a wooden-hulled vessel.

Her namesake Seth Low was the 23rd mayor of Brooklyn from 1882 to 1885 and later served as the 92nd mayor of New York City from 1902 to 1903.: 255

The Seth Low had a small lounge for her officers in the bows, and a small bunkroom, with four bunks, for off-duty sailors in the stern.: 255–256

On 25 July 1909 Seth Low relieved Abram S. Hewitt, which with David A. Boody had been fighting a cargo fire aboard the Ward Line steamship Vigilancia.

Abram S. Hewitt (fireboat)
The Abram S. Hewitt was a coal-powered fireboat operated by the Fire Department of New York City from 1903 to 1958.
She was the department's last coal-powered vessel and had a pumping capacity of 7,000 gallons per minute.

She was launched on July 11, 1903, at the shipyards of the New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey. She was commissioned in October 1903, and was named after recently deceased former mayor Abram Hewitt.
Barrie (provincial electoral district)
Barrie was a provincial electoral district in central Ontario, Canada. It was created for the 2007 provincial election. The entire riding was created from Barrie—Simcoe—Bradford.

The riding includes all of the City of Barrie.

In 2018, the district was dissolved into Barrie—Innisfil and Barrie—Springwater—Oro-Medonte.

Barrie—Innisfil (provincial electoral district)
Barrie—Innisfil is a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. The riding was created in 2015 from portions of Barrie and York—Simcoe ridings, and it is congruent with the new federal riding of the same name.
Celle Enomondo
Celle Enomondo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Asti.

Celle Enomondo borders the following municipalities: Antignano, Asti, Revigliasco d'Asti, and San Damiano d'Asti.

Revigliasco d'Asti
Revigliasco d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Turin and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Asti.

Revigliasco d'Asti borders the following municipalities: Antignano, Asti, Celle Enomondo, and Isola d'Asti.
Dave Henderson
David Lee Henderson (July 21, 1958 – December 27, 2015), nicknamed "Hendu", was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, San Francisco Giants, Oakland Athletics, and Kansas City Royals during his 14-year career, primarily as an outfielder.

Henderson is best remembered for the two-out, two-strike home run he hit in the top of the ninth inning in Game 5 of the 1986 American League Championship Series. He helped his teams reach the World Series four times during his career—Boston in 1986 and Oakland from 1988 to 1990, with Oakland winning the championship in 1989. His uncle Joe Henderson appeared in 16 MLB games as a pitcher during the mid-1970s.

Joe Henderson (baseball)
Joseph Lee Henderson (born July 4, 1946) is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher for the Chicago White Sox and Cincinnati Reds during the mid-1970s.
Najee Harris
Najee Mzee Harris (/ˈnɑːdʒi/ NAH-jee; born March 9, 1998) is an American professional football running back for the Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide and was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the first round of the 2021 NFL draft.

Antioch, California
Antioch is the third-most populous city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city is located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area along the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. The city's population was 115,291 at the 2020 census. The city has grown substantially more diverse since the 1970s.
Anne Vavasour
Anne Vavasour (c. 1560 – c. 1650) was a maid of honour (1580–81) to Queen Elizabeth I of England, a member of the Vavasour family and the mistress of two aristocratic men. Her first lover was Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, by whom she had an illegitimate son – Edward. For that offence, both she and de Vere were sent to the Tower of London by the orders of the Queen. She later became the mistress of Sir Henry Lee of Ditchley, by whom she had another illegitimate son.

By 1590, she had married a sea captain by the name of John Finch. She later married John Richardson, while her first husband was still alive; and as a consequence, she was brought up before the High Commission on a charge of bigamy, for which she had to pay a fine of £2000; however, she was spared having to perform a public penance.

She was the inspiration, protagonist, and possibly the actual author, of the poem, Anne Vavasour's Echo, though her lover the Earl of Oxford is more commonly identified as its author.

Vavasour family
The Vavasour family are an English Catholic family whose history dates back to Norman times. The fortified manor of Hazlewood was held by the Vavasour family for nearly nine centuries from the Norman Conquest on and provided refuge for Catholics during the persecution of Catholics through the reign of Henry VIII, King of England.
There are several branches of the family, some of whom have intermarried with other notable Catholic families, and are descended from William le Vavasour. A vavasour was a type of feudal liegeman.
Valeh Barshadly
Valeh Eyyub oghlu Barshadly (Azerbaijani: Valeh Eyyub oğlu Bərşadlı; July 6, 1927 – May 15, 1999) also spelled as Valeh Barshadly, was the first Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan after restoration of its independence in 1991.

Jamshid Nakhchivanski Military Lyceum
Jamshid Nakhchivanski Military Lyceum (Azerbaijani: Cəmşid Naxçıvanski adına Hərbi Lisey), also known as Military Lyceum named after Jamshid Nakhchivanski, is a state school, specializing in education and training of students in military science and preparing them for professional military service. The lyceum is located in the suburbs of Baku, Azerbaijan.
Humnyska
Humnyska (Ukrainian: Гумни́ська) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast of Western Ukraine. It belongs to Busk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
The village covers an area of 2,389 km2 at an altitude of 218 metres (720 ft) above sea level. Local government is administered by Humnyska village council.
A village Chuchmany is also in the structure of local government.

Chuchmany
Chuchmany (Ukrainian: Чучмани́) – a small village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv (province) of Western Ukraine. It belongs to Busk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

About 297 people currently live in the village and local government is administered by the Humnyska village council.
Lac Taureau Regional Park
The Lac Taureau Regional Park is a regional park set around Taureau Reservoir (sometimes identified as Toro or Matawin reservoir, and colloquially dubbed as Taureau lake), located in part (south half) in the municipality of Saint-Michel-des-Saints and unorganized territories of Baie-de-la-Bouteille and Lac-Matawin, in the Matawinie regional county municipality, in the administrative region of Lanaudière, in Quebec in Canada.

Regional park (Quebec)
A regional park, in Québec, is an area designated by a regional county municipality (MRC), or equivalent territory, for the dual purposes of recreation and promoting of nature conservation.

While National Parks of Quebec is solely dedicated to the conservation and stewardship of the natural environment, the Regional Parks organisation—despite sharing a potentially ‘earth-friendly’ perspective—allows more for recreational hobbies, sporting and leisurely activities, as well as some commercial property-leasing management and resource development.
Baseball awards
Professional baseball leagues, amateur-baseball organizations, sportswriting associations, and other groups confer awards on various baseball teams, players, managers, coaches, executives, broadcasters, writers, and other baseball-related people for excellence in achievement, sportsmanship, and community involvement.

Legacy Awards (NLBM)
The Legacy Awards are presented annually by the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum (NLBM), headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. The "Hall of Game Award"—established in 2014 and honoring players who personify "the spirit of the way the game was played in the Negro Leagues"—is the only such award actively presented since 2018.

A number of Legacy Awards were previously issued to the best players, managers, and executives in each league of Major League Baseball (MLB), for on-field and off-the-field achievement. The awards were named for legendary players of Negro league baseball, and first presented following the 2000 MLB season. Awards were later added for baseball writers and philanthropists.