hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010 Sahel famine
A large-scale, drought-induced famine occurred in Africa's Sahel region and many parts of the neighbouring Sénégal River Area from February to August 2010. It is one of many famines to have hit the region in recent times.

The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition between the Sahara desert in the north of Africa and the Sudanian savannas in the south, covering an area of 3,053,200 square kilometres. It is a transitional ecoregion of semi-arid grasslands, savannas, steppes, and thorn shrublands.

The neighbouring Sénégal River Area contains various vegetation types and covers parts or all of Mauritania, Mali, Senegal and Guinea. It has also had very low rainfall over the last year according to the UN, NGOs and the Senegal River Basin Development Authority. Sudan set a new temperature record of 49.7 °C (121.3 °F) on 22 June, in the town of Dongola.

Darfur
Darfur (/dɑːrˈfʊər/ dar-FOOR; Arabic: دار فور, romanized: Dār Fūr, lit. 'Realm of the Fur') is a region of western Sudan. Dār is an Arabic word meaning "home [of]" – the region was named Dardaju (Arabic: دار داجو, romanized: Dār Dājū) while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë c. 350 AD, and it was  renamed Dartunjur (Arabic: دار تنجر, romanized: Dār Tunjur) when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for hundreds of years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916.

Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farmers and herders.
Legambo
Legambo (Amharic: ለጋምቦ) is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. This woreda is named for one of the "Houses" or subgroups of the Bete Amhara, who were located there. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Legambo is bordered on the south by Legahida and Kelala, on the southwest by Wegde, on the west by Debre Sina, on the northwest by Sayint, on the north by Tenta, on the northeast by Dessie Zuria, and on the southeast by Were Ilu. Towns in Legambo include Aqesta and Embacheber.

Elevations in this woreda range from 1500 to 3700 meters; the highest point in this woreda, as well as the Debub Wollo Zone, is Mount Amba Ferit, which lies on the border with Sayint.

Kelela (woreda)
Kelala (Amharic: ከለላ) is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Kelala is bordered on the south by the Semien Shewa Zone, on the southwest by the Walaqa River which separates it from the Oromia Region, on the west by Wegde, on the north by Legambo, on the northeast by Legahida, and on the east by Jama. Towns in Kelala include Kelala and Liguama. Kelala town is 157 km far from Dessie in the Western direction.
Illegal entry
Illegal entry is the act of foreign nationals arriving in or crossing the borders into a country in violation of its immigration law.
Human smuggling is the practice of aiding people in crossing international borders for financial gain, often in large groups. Human smuggling is associated with human trafficking. Trafficking involves physical force, fraud, or deception to obtain and transport people, usually for enslavement or forced prostitution.

Unauthorised arrival
An unauthorised arrival is a person who has arrived in a country of which they are not a citizen and does not have a valid visa or does not satisfy other required conditions for entry to that country.

A person may be described as an unauthorised arrival when they have crossed a national border with the intention of applying for refugee status, in which case they may be described as an asylum seeker. If a person enters a country without authorisation intending to live and work in that country, they may be described as an illegal immigrant.

Under the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, a person has the right to cross national borders if they are seeking asylum from political repression or various other forms of persecution.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares:

"Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country."
Hanstholm Fortress
Hanstholm fortress (German: Festung Hanstholm; Danish: Hanstholm batteri) was a large coastal fortification, built by Nazi Germany at Hanstholm in north-western Denmark during World War II. The remains of the fortress is now a World War II museum situated in Thy National Park.

38 cm SK C/34 naval gun
The 38 cm SK C/34 naval gun was developed by Germany  in the late 1930s. It armed the Bismarck-class battleships and was planned as the armament of the O-class battlecruisers and the re-armed Scharnhorst-class battleships. Six twin-gun mountings were also sold to the Soviet Union and it was planned to use them on the Kronshtadt-class battlecruisers, however, they were never delivered. Spare guns were used as coastal artillery in Denmark, Norway and France. One gun and one barrel is currently on display at respectively Møvig Fortress outside Kristiansand and Bunkermuseum Hanstholm, Denmark.
Antependium
An antependium (from Latin ante- and pendēre, "to hang before"; pl.: antependia), also known as a pulpit fall, parament or hanging, or, when speaking specifically of the hanging for the altar, an altar frontal (Latin: pallium altaris), is a decorative piece, usually of textile, but also metalwork, stone or other material, that can adorn a Christian altar. It may also apply to the ornamental bookmarks used on some lecterns.

Antependium can also be used to describe the decorated front of the altar itself, especially if it is in an inflexible material such as wood, stone or metal.

Specifically, and as the etymology of the word suggests, an antependium hangs down in front of whatever it covers, and is to be distinguished from the altar linens which are used in the service of the Eucharist, and an altar cloth which covers the top of the altar table (mensa).

The true liturgical decoration of the altar and its oldest adornment is the frontal.

Parament
Paraments or parements (from Late Latin paramentum, "adornment", parare, "to prepare", "equip") are both the hangings or ornaments of a room of state, and the ecclesiastical vestments. Paraments include the liturgical hangings on and around the altar, such as altar cloths, as well as the cloths hanging from the pulpit and lectern, and in the ecclesiastical vestments category they include humeral veils and mitres.

In most Christian churches using paraments (including Roman Catholic and a wide variety of Protestant denominations), the liturgical paraments change in color depending on the season of the church year.

Advent - purple (or in some traditions, blue)

Christmas - white

Lent - purple

Easter - white

Pentecost, Good Friday and the feasts of martyrs - red

Ordinary time - green

All Souls' Day, Requiem Masses - black (optionally purple)
Venango County, Pennsylvania
Venango County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 50,454. Its county seat is Franklin. The county was created in 1800 and later organized in 1805. The county is part of the Northwest Pennsylvania region of the state.

Venango County comprises the Oil City, PA micropolitan statistical area. It is part of the Pittsburgh and Erie media markets (with Erie channels available to Comcast subscribers in the area).

Mercer County, Pennsylvania
Mercer County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 110,652. Its county seat is Mercer, and its largest city is Hermitage. The county is part of the Northwest Pennsylvania region of the state.

Mercer County compromises the Hermitage, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Greater Pittsburgh area.
10 (Southern Cross Austereo)
10 was an Australian television network distributed by Southern Cross Austereo (SCA) in regional Queensland, southern New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, regional Victoria, the Spencer Gulf and Broken Hill. SCA's network was the primary affiliate of Network 10 in these regional areas.

On 17 December 2024, Southern Cross Austereo announced the sale of their regional television licenses in Regional Queensland, Southern NSW/ACT and Regional Victoria to Network 10. The sale was completed on 1 March 2025.

Southern Cross Austereo
Southern Cross Media Group Limited, doing business as Southern Cross Austereo, is an Australian media company which operates broadcast radio stations. It is the largest radio broadcaster in Australia, operating 86 radio stations, and has a reach into every state and territory.

In addition, the company formerly operated television stations carrying the three major commercial networks to regional and remote places of Australia.

The company is headquartered in South Melbourne. It was founded in 2004 as a subsidiary of Macquarie Bank for the purpose of acquiring regional radio stations, before expanding into television broadcasting in 2007 with the acquisition of Southern Cross Broadcasting. It also operates the LISTNR platform in Australia.

It was announced in September 2025 that SCA and Seven West Media were intending to merge in early 2026. The merger was completed on 7 January 2026.
Bath County, Kentucky
Bath County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,750. The county seat is Owingsville. The county was formed in 1811. Bath County is included in the Mount Sterling, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Lexington-Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort, KY combined statistical area.

Mount Sterling micropolitan area, Kentucky
The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Kentucky, anchored by the city of Mount Sterling. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 40,195 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,046).

The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area is part of the Lexington-Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort, KY combined statistical area.
1978 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1978 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame as an independent during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Dan Devine, the Fighting Irish compiled an overall record of 9–3. Notre Dame was invited to the Cotton Bowl Classic, where the Irish beat Houston, 35–34, after quarterback Joe Montana rallied the team from a 22-point deficit in the fourth quarter. The team played home games at Notre Dame Stadium in Notre Dame, Indiana.

The team was expected to be one of the top teams of the season. It was said that the team could be "awesome on offense" due to having eight returning starters including, Joe Montana, however, there were concerns about the team losing players due to graduations and injuries. The September 23 game against Michigan was cited as a possible pathway for Notre Dame to earn the #1 ranking.

1978 Houston Cougars football team
The 1978 Houston Cougars football team, also known as the Houston Cougars, Houston, or UH, represented the University of Houston in the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Cougars were led by 17th-year head coach Bill Yeoman and played their home games at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas. The team competed as members of the Southwest Conference, winning the conference with a 7–1 conference record. This was Houston's first outright conference title and second overall, in only their third year in the league. They were invited to the 1979 Cotton Bowl Classic, played on New Year's Day, where they were defeated by Notre Dame. Houston was ranked 10th in the final AP Poll of the season and 11th in the Coaches' Poll.
Richard and Helen DeVos Foundation
The Richard and Helen DeVos Foundation is an American conservative non-profit organization and grant-making body formed in 1970.  Based in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the organization was founded by Richard DeVos Sr., co-founder of the multi-level marketing company Amway and former finance chair of the Republican National Committee, and his wife Helen. As of 2014, the foundation had $54.9 million in assets. It is one of five non-profit organizations established and operated by the DeVos family; the others, all founded by siblings of Richard DeVos Jr., include the Dick and Betsy DeVos Foundation; the Daniel and Pamella DeVos Foundation; Cheri DeVos’ CDV5 Foundation; and the Douglas and Maria DeVos Foundation.

Richard DeVos
Richard Marvin DeVos Sr. (March 4, 1926 – September 6, 2018) was an American billionaire businessman, co-founder of Amway with Jay Van Andel (company restructured as Alticor in 2000), and owner of the Orlando Magic basketball team. In 2012, Forbes magazine listed him as the 60th wealthiest person in the United States, and the 205th richest in the world, with an estimated net worth of $5.1 billion.
Smolare Falls
Smolare Falls (Macedonian: Смоларски Водопад) is a landform of Macedonia. Smolare is the tallest waterfall in the Republic of North Macedonia, falling from a height of 39.5 metres (129.5 feet).  It is located above the village of Smolare in the Municipality of Novo Selo in the southeastern region of the country.

The waterfall is part of the Lomnica River and is located deep in Mount Belasica at an elevation of 630 metres. Crashing down the smooth, black rock face, and surrounded by 100-year-old beech trees, this waterfall is visited by tourists throughout the year.

Novo Selo Municipality
Novo Selo (Macedonian: Ново Селоⓘ) is a municipality in eastern North Macedonia. Novo Selo is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found. Novo Selo means "New Village" in Macedonian and other Slavic languages. Novo Selo Municipality is part of the Southeastern statistical region.
Arthur Machen
Arthur Llewellyn Jones (3 March 1863 – 15 December 1947), known by his pen name Arthur Machen (/ˈmækən/ or /ˈmæxən/), was a Welsh author and mystic of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for his influential supernatural, fantasy and horror fiction. His novella The Great God Pan (1890; 1894) has garnered a reputation as a classic of horror; Stephen King described it as "Maybe the best [horror story] in the English language." He is also known for "The Bowmen", a short story that was widely read as fact, creating the legend of the Angels of Mons.

Psychogeography
Psychogeography is the exploration of urban environments that emphasizes interpersonal connections to places and arbitrary routes. It was developed by members of the Letterist International and Situationist International, which were revolutionary groups influenced by Marxist and anarchist theory as well as the attitudes and methods of Dadaists and Surrealists.

In 1955, Guy Debord defined psychogeography as "the study of the precise laws and specific effects of the geographical environment, consciously organized or not, on the emotions and behavior of individuals." The key tactic for exploring psychogeography is the loosely defined urban walking practice known as the dérive. As a practice and theory, psychogeography has influenced a broad set of cultural actors, including artists, activists and academics.
Tando Allahyar District
Tando Allahyar District  (Sindhi: ٽنڊوالهيار ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع ٹنڈو الہ یار) is a district of Hyderabad Division in the province of Sindh in Pakistan. Prior to becoming a separate district, it was part of Hyderabad District until 5 May 2005. According to 2023 Pakistani census, the population of Tando Allahyar district is 922,012 (0.92 million).

Hyderabad District, Sindh
Hyderabad District (Sindhi: ضلعو حيدرآباد Urdu: ضلع حیدرآباد),pronunciationⓘ  is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. Its capital is the city of Hyderabad. The district is the second most urbanized in Sindh, after Karachi, with 80% of its population residing in urban areas.
Peace Train
"Peace Train" is a 1971 song by Cat Stevens, taken from his album Teaser and the Firecat. The song climbed to No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart during the week of November 6, 1971, becoming Stevens' first US Top 10 hit. The song also spent three weeks at No. 1 on the adult contemporary chart. It is also featured on The Very Best of Cat Stevens compilation album. He re-recorded the song for the charity War Child in 2003.

Record World called it a "beautiful follow-up to 'Moonshadow' and 'Wild World' [sic]" and praised the "delightful production."

In the album version, the instrumental ending features a string section which drops out leaving the solo acoustic guitar playing of Cat Stevens, before the song's fade.

Cat Stevens' comments about Salman Rushdie
Following Ayatollah Khomeini's 14 February 1989 death fatwa against author Salman Rushdie, after the publication of Rushdie's novel The Satanic Verses, British musician Yusuf Islam (previously and better known by his stage name Cat Stevens), made statements endorsing the killing of Rushdie, generating sharp criticism from commentators in the West.

In response, Yusuf Islam said that some of his comments were "stupid and offensive jokes" made in "bad taste," while others were merely giving his interpretation of Islamic law but not advocating any action. Islam also said that later in the same programme he promised to accept the judgment of a British court if it found Rushdie innocent of any crime, blasphemy or otherwise.
Elkhead, Missouri
Elkhead is an unincorporated community in eastern Christian County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 14, approximately sixteen miles east of Ozark. Elkhead formerly had a post office with a ZIP code 65643, but mail is now served by the post office in Sparta.

Elkhead is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A post office called Elkhead was established in 1871, and remained in operation until 1981. The community takes its name from nearby Elkhorn Creek.

Christian County, Missouri
Christian County is located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 88,842. Its county seat is Ozark. The county was organized in 1859 and is named after  Christian County, Kentucky, which in turn is named for William Christian, a Kentucky soldier of the American Revolutionary War.

Part of the Springfield, Missouri metropolitan statistical area, Christian County experienced rapid growth between 2000 and 2010, becoming the fastest-growing county in Missouri and one of the fastest in the nation, largely due to Springfield's expansion.
Tecovas Formation
The Tecovas Formation is a geological formation in the Texas panhandle and eastern New Mexico. It is one of several formations encompassed by the Late Triassic Dockum Group.

The lower unit of the Cooper Canyon Formation in Garza County to the south is stratigraphically equivalent to the Tecovas Formation. It is also contiguous with the Garita Creek Formation of New Mexico, as well as partially to the Santa Rosa Formation.

Cooper Canyon Formation
The Cooper Canyon Formation is a geological formation of Norian age in Texas. It is one of several formations encompassed by the Dockum Group.

The type area of the formation is situated in Garza County, Texas, southeast of Lubbock. The Cooper Canyon Formation consist of reddish siltstone and mudstone with lenses of sandstone and conglomerate. Thickness of the formation in the type area is 161.5 meters. It increases to the south, and in some places exceeds 200 m. The formation contains diverse fossils, including vertebrate remains.
TVP Info
TVP Info is a Polish free-to-air television news channel, run by the public state broadcaster TVP. It is focused on newscasts, mainly broadcasting nationwide news bulletins. Until 20 December 2023, its main offices were located in the Television Information Agency building at Warsaw Insurgents Square; since 29 December 2023 the channel's activities are carried out from the main TVP building on Woronicza Street, Warsaw.

Telewizja Polska
Telewizja Polska S.A. (pronounced [tɛlɛˈvizja ˈpɔlska]; TVP), also known in English as Polish Television, is a public service broadcaster in Poland, founded in 1952. It is the oldest and largest Polish television network.

After 2015, when the right-wing populist Law and Justice (PiS) party won the Polish parliamentary election, TVP progressively aligned with the speaking points of the PiS government. In the run-up to the 2023 Polish parliamentary election, TVP was designated as a "propaganda arm" of PiS by European media and as "a factory of hate" by the Polish opposition. However, after the electoral victory of the opposition party the Civic Platform in 2023, a newly-appointed Minister of Culture began a restructuring of the broadcaster and its news segment. On 27 December 2023, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, due to the President's veto on the financing of the company, placed it in liquidation.
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalgaon Jamod
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalgaon Jamod is established in Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India during 1994 by Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi.
It is hosted by Satpuda Education Society, a Non-Government Organisation based in Jalgaon Jamod As of 2018, it is one of 680 KVKs in India.

Buldhana district
Buldhana district (Marathi pronunciation: [bulɖʰaːɳa]) is located in the Amravati division of Maharashtra, India.
It is situated at the western border of Vidarbha region and is 500 km away from the state capital, Mumbai. The district has towns and cities like Deulghat, Dhad, Mehakar, Shegaon, Malkapur, Khamgaon, Lonar and Chikhli. It is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh in the north, Akola, Washim, and Amravati districts on the east, Jalna district on the south, and Jalgaon and Aurangabad districts on the west. Khamgaon is the largest city in the district.

Buldhana district holds religious significance as it is the site of the Shri Gajanan Maharaj Temple, Shegaon. Lonarkar Top (about 923 meters) is highest altitude in Buldhana District placed in Ambabarwa Wildlife Sanctuary.
William Forster (English politician)
William Forster (died 10 Jan 1574/5) was an English politician and sheriff of Berkshire.

William was the son of Sir Humphrey Forster of Aldermaston House in Berkshire and father of Sir Humphrey Forster. He was educated at Oxford University and Lincoln's Inn.

In 1572, during the reign of Elizabeth I of England, he was elected the Member of Parliament for Berkshire but died in office two years later. He was also appointed High Sheriff of Berkshire in 1569.

He died in 1575. He had married Jane, the daughter of Sir Anthony Hungerford of Down Ampney, Gloucestershire;they had five sons, including his heir Sir Humphrey, and three daughters.

High Sheriff of Berkshire
The High Sheriff of Berkshire, in common with other counties, was originally the King's representative on taxation upholding the law in Saxon times. The word Sheriff evolved from 'shire-reeve'.

The title of High Sheriff is therefore much older than the other crown appointment, the Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire, which came about after 1545. Between 1248 and 1566, Berkshire and Oxfordshire formed a joint shrievalty (apart from a brief period in 1258/1259). See High Sheriff of Oxfordshire.

Unlike the Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire, which is generally held from appointment until the holder's death or incapacity, the title of High Sheriff is appointed / reappointed annually. The High Sheriff is assisted by an Under-Sheriff of Berkshire.