hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muhammad Kamaruzzaman
Muhammad Kamaruzzaman (4 July 1952 – 11 April 2015) was a Bangladeshi politician and journalist who served as the senior assistant secretary general of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami and was convicted of war crimes during the 1971 independence war of Bangladesh. He was executed by hanging at Dhaka Central Jail at 22:01 on 11 April 2015.

Besides his political career, Kamaruzzaman also was editor of the Weekly Sonar Bangla. On 9 May 2013, the International Crimes Tribunal sentenced him to death after it found Kamaruzzaman guilty of crimes against humanity including genocide, murder, rape, looting, arson, and deportation of people during the Bangladesh War of Independence. Kamaruzzaman denied all charges, stating they were politically motivated. The trial itself was criticized by international observers and opposition figures and was mired in controversies.

Sohagpur massacre
The Sohagpur massacre was a mass killing of 187 civilians on 25 July 1971 in the Mymensingh District of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the Liberation War. The massacre was perpetrated by the Pakistan Army and Al-Badr, a paramilitary force opposing Bangladeshi independence. Following the massacre, Sohagpur became known as the "village of widows."
Hudson River Museum
The Hudson River Museum, located in Trevor Park in Yonkers, New York, is the largest museum in Westchester County, and features the only public planetarium in the county. While often considered an art museum due to its extensive collection of Hudson River School paintings, the museum also presents exhibits on the history, science and heritage of the region.The Museum is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums, since 1974.

Hudson River School
The  Hudson River School was a mid-19th-century American art movement embodied by a group of landscape painters whose aesthetic vision was influenced by Romanticism. Early on, the paintings typically depicted the Hudson River Valley and the surrounding area, including the Catskill, Adirondack, and White Mountains.

Works by second-generation artists expanded to include other locales in New England, the Maritimes, the Western United States, and South America.
Central Depository of Armenia
The Central Depository of Armenia (CDA) (Armenian: Հայաստանի կենտրոնական դեպոզիտարիա, romanized: Hayastani kentronakan depozitaria) is the Central Depository of Armenia, established in 1996. The CDA is one of the oldest securities market institutions in the country and is headquartered in Yerevan. The Central Bank of Armenia is the regulatory body of the CDA. The CDA is a full member of the Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges.

Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges
The Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges (FEAS) is a non-profit international organization comprising the main stock exchanges in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. The purpose of the Federation is to contribute to the cooperation, development, support and promotion of capital markets in Eurasia, although membership in the Federation is open to markets internationally. It was established on 16 May 1995 with 12 founding members in Istanbul, Turkey. Currently, the FEAS has 30 members which include stock exchanges, post trade institutions, dealers associations, and regional federations from 29 countries. The Federation's headquarters are located in Yerevan, Armenia.
Justice Place
Justice Place (also called the Former Central Government Offices) is an office building complex that serves as the headquarters of the Department of Justice. The complex is located in Central, Hong Kong, occupying the lower level of Government Hill.

The complex formerly housed most of the major offices of the Hong Kong Government. The offices of the government have been relocated to the Main Block of the Central Government Complex in Admiralty.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
Radisson Hotel Group
Radisson Hospitality Belgium SRL/BV, trading as Radisson Hotel Group (RHG), is an international hospitality company headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.

Radisson Hotel Group is one of two successor companies to the former global hotel group of the same name, which was split in 2022. The Brussels-based entity owns and operates hotel brands in Europe, the Middle East, Africa (EMEA), and the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region. The other entity, Radisson Hotels Americas, which includes the portfolio of hotels in North, Central, and South America, was acquired by Choice Hotels and now operates as a separate company under the Choice Hotels umbrella.

The company originated as the hotel division of Carlson Companies. In 2016, Carlson sold the group to Chinese conglomerate HNA Group. In 2018, HNA Group resold Radisson to a consortium led by Jin Jiang International, a Chinese state-owned hospitality company.

Country Inn & Suites
Country Inn & Suites is an upper midscale hotel chain founded in 1986 by Carlson Holdings. Competing brands in the upper midscale segment include Hampton by Hilton, Holiday Inn Express, Best Western Plus, and Fairfield by Marriott.
End-of-Text character
The End-of-Text character (ETX) is a control character used to inform the receiving computer that the end of a record has been reached. This may or may not be an indication that all of the data in a record have been received. It is often used in conjunction with Start of Text (STX) and Data Link Escape (DLE), e.g., to distinguish data frames in the data link layer. This usage is largely obsolete, except in modem communication (AT command set).

In both ASCII and EBCDIC, ETX is code point 0x03, often displayed as ^C, and a (ASCII) terminal can send it by typing Ctrl+C.

Control-C is often used to interrupt a program or process, a standard that started with Dec operating systems. In TOPS-20, it was used to gain the system's attention before logging in. mIRC uses ETX as the escape character to start a command to set the color.

Control character
In computing and telecommunications, a control character or non-printing character (NPC) is a code point in a character set that does not represent a written character or symbol. They are used as in-band signaling to cause effects other than the addition of a symbol to the text. All other characters are mainly graphic characters, also known as printing characters (or printable characters), except perhaps for "space" characters. In the ASCII standard there are 33 control characters, such as code 7, BEL, which might ring a bell.
Chondrosteus
Chondrosteus ("cartilage bone" in Greek) is a genus of extinct marine actinopterygian (ray-finned fish) belonging to the family Chondrosteidae. It lived during the Hettangian and Sinemurian (early Early Jurassic) in what is now England. Chondrosteus is related to sturgeons and paddlefishes as part of the clade Acipenseriformes, and is one of the earliest known definitive members of the group. Similar to sturgeons, the jaws of Chondrosteus were free from the rest of the skull (projectile jaw system). Its scale cover was reduced to the upper lobe of the caudal fin like in paddlefish. It is represented by a single species, C. acipenseroides.

Acipenseriformes
Acipenseriformes /æsɪˈpɛnsərɪfɔːrmiːz/ is an order of basal ray-finned fishes that includes living and fossil sturgeons and paddlefishes (Acipenseroidei), as well as the extinct families Chondrosteidae and Peipiaosteidae. They are the second earliest diverging group of living ray-finned fish after the bichirs. Despite being early diverging, they are highly derived (modified from their ancestors), having only weakly ossified skeletons that are mostly made of cartilage, and in modern representatives highly modified skulls.
Adang language
Adang is a Papuan language of the Timor–Alor–Pantar language family spoken on the island of Alor in Indonesia. The language is agglutinative. The Hamap dialect is sometimes treated as a separate language; on the other hand, Kabola, which is sociolinguistically distinct, is sometimes included. Adang, Hamap, and Kabola are considered a dialect chain. Adang is endangered as fewer speakers raise their children in Adang, instead opting for Indonesian.

Alor Island
Alor (Indonesian: Pulau Alor) is the largest island in the Alor Archipelago and is one of the 92 officially listed outlying islands of Indonesia. It is located at the eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain that runs through southeastern Indonesia, which from the west include such islands as Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, and Flores.

To the east of the island across the Ombai Strait lie the islands of Wetar (in Maluku Province) and Atauro, the latter belonging to East Timor. To the south, across the Strait of Alor, lies the western part of Timor. To the north lies the Banda Sea. To the west lies Pantar and the other islands of the Alor archipelago, and further yet the rest of the Sunda Islands.

Alor Island, as well as the rest of its archipelago, is part of East Nusa Tenggara province.
Niederhausen
Niederhausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the like-named town. Niederhausen is a state-recognized tourism community (Fremdenverkehrsort) and a winegrowing village.

Bad Münster am Stein-Ebernburg
Bad Münster am Stein-Ebernburg (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈmʏnstɐ ʔam ˈʃtaɪn ˈʔeːbɐnbʊʁk]) is a spa town of about 4,000 inhabitants (as of 2004) in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Since 1 July 2014, it is part of the town Bad Kreuznach. It was the seat of the former like-named Verbandsgemeinde, but not part of it. Bad Münster am Stein-Ebernburg was granted town rights on 29 April 1978 and is recognized as a mineral spring spa (Mineralheilbad) and a climatic spa (heilklimatischer Kurort). Today the "Spa" is famous for its clinics specializing in cardiological and orthopaedic rehabilitation. The many graduation towers form the largest open air inhalatorium in Europe.
Haberdashers' Boys' School
Haberdashersʼ Boysʼ School (formerly Haberdashersʼ Askeʼs Boysʼ School) is a 4–18 boys public school in Elstree, Hertfordshire, England. It is a member of the Headmastersʼ and Headmistressesʼ Conference.

The school was founded in 1690 by a Royal Charter granted to the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers to establish a hospital for 20 boarders with £32,000 from the legacy of Robert Aske (equivalent to approximately £5m in 2019).

The school relocated from its original site in Hoxton in 1874, eventually (1961) moving to 104 acres of green belt countryside in Elstree. The house names in the preparatory and pre–preparatory schools represent the patron saints of the four countries of the United Kingdom –  England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

It sits on the same site as the Haberdashers' Girls' School.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
Tiger Trap
Tiger Trap was an American twee-pop band formed in 1992 and composed of high school friends Angela Loy and Rose Melberg, with Heather Dunn and Jen Braun. The group recorded one album and one EP for K Records.

Tiger Trap (album)
Tiger Trap is the only studio album by the American pop band Tiger Trap, released in 1993 through K Records. It was produced by Calvin Johnson. With about 10,000 copies sold, it was K Records' best-selling album until they released Beck's One Foot in the Grave the following year.
Poland, Herkimer County, New York
Poland is a village in Herkimer County, New York, United States, with a population of 508, as of 2010.

Poland is on the border shared by the towns of Newport and Russia. The village is 16 miles (26 km) north of the county seat in Herkimer and is 14 miles (23 km) northeast of Utica. Poland Central School has roughly 500 students from grades pre-k to12th grade.

Newport, New York
Newport is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 2,302 at the 2010 census. The town, located on the western edge of the county, contains the village of Newport. The town is northeast of Utica.
Don Airey
Donald Smith Airey (born 21 June 1948) is an English musician. He came to prominence as the keyboardist of the rock band Rainbow during 1979–1982. He has been the keyboardist of Deep Purple since 2002, after the retirement of Jon Lord. In addition to his tenures with Rainbow and Deep Purple, he has had a long and productive career playing with many other rock and metal acts, including Gary Moore, Ozzy Osbourne, Judas Priest, Black Sabbath, Jethro Tull, Whitesnake, Saxon, Wishbone Ash, Colosseum II, Ten, Sinner, Michael Schenker, Empire, Brian May, Divlje jagode and Living Loud. He has also worked with classical composer Andrew Lloyd Webber.

Michael Schenker
Michael Schenker (born 10 January 1955) is a German guitarist. He played in the rock band UFO and leads the Michael Schenker Group (MSG). He was an early member of the hard rock band Scorpions, a band co-founded by his elder brother Rudolf Schenker. In the mid-1970s, Schenker joined UFO, playing lead and rhythm guitar. He left the band in 1978 to briefly rejoin Scorpions for the recording of Lovedrive, and then to form MSG. He has rejoined UFO three times, producing an album each time. Schenker continues to perform and record. He is regarded as one of the most influential guitarists of the 1970s, and has been called "a legendary figure in the history of metal guitar."
Peter Jethro
Peter Jethro (also known as Jethro or Animatohu or Hantomush) (c. 1614 – c. 1688) was an early Native American (Nipmuc) scribe, translator, minister, land proprietor, and Praying Indian affiliated for a period with John Eliot in the praying town of Natick, Massachusetts.

Praying Indian
Praying Indian is a 17th-century term referring to Native Americans of New England, New York, Ontario, and Quebec who converted to Christianity either voluntarily or involuntarily. Many groups are referred to by the term, but it is more commonly used for tribes that were organized into villages. The villages were known as praying towns and were established by missionaries such as the Puritan leader John Eliot and Jesuit missionaries who established the St. Regis and Kahnawake (formerly known as Caughnawaga) and the missions among the Huron in western Ontario.
Pakistan Military Academy
The Pakistan Military Academy (PMA) is a military training institution that prepares officer cadets for service in the Pakistan Army. It is located in Kakul, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Established in November 1947, the academy is accredited by the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

The academy conducts training programs for Pakistani officer cadets and provides military training to personnel from allied countries. Each year, PMA hosts approximately 2,000 international guests and has trained cadets and officers from more than 34 countries.

Abbottabad
Abbottabad is a city in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is the 40th largest city in the country and 6th largest in the province by population, and serves as the headquarter of its namesake tehsil and district. It is about 120 km (75 mi) north of Islamabad-Rawalpindi and 150 km (95 mi) east of Peshawar, at an elevation of 1,256 m (4,121 ft). Kashmir lies a short distance to the east.
Gerald Nye
Gerald Prentice Nye (December 19, 1892 – July 17, 1971) was an American politician who represented North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1925 to 1945. Nye rose to national fame in the 1930s as chair of the Special Committee on Investigation of the Munitions Industry, which studied the causes of United States' involvement in World War I and became known as the Nye Committee. Prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor, he was a prominent opponent of United States involvement in World War II.

John Moses (North Dakota politician)
John Moses (June 12, 1885 – March 3, 1945) was the 22nd governor of North Dakota from 1939 to 1945, and served in the United States Senate in 1945 until his death that year. Excluding those appointed to fill brief vacancies, and those not seated at the beginning of their lawful terms, Moses is the shortest-serving U.S. senator ever, in office for just 59 days.
Cliff-former
A cliff-former is a geological unit of bedrock that is more resistant to erosion than overlying or underlying strata and consequently produces outcrops with high slope angles.  It is more or less equivalent to ridge-former, and may be contrasted with slope-former.  In humid environments, sandstones are typically cliff-formers.  In arid environments, limestones are often cliff-formers also.  Recent lavas may be cliff-formers as well.

In the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the eastern United States the major ridge-formers are the Tuscarora, Pocono, and Pottsville Formations.

Pottsville Formation
The Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania, western Maryland, West Virginia, Ohio, and Alabama. It is a major ridge-former in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians of the eastern United States.  The Pottsville Formation is conspicuous at many sites along the Allegheny Front, the eastern escarpment of the Allegheny or Appalachian Plateau.
Altsys
Altsys Corporation was a Texas-based software company founded by James R. Von Ehr II. It was an early Apple Macintosh developer and publisher.

Altsys' best known product was FreeHand, which was licensed to Aldus Corporation, was a vector drawing program that competed with Adobe Illustrator. It was published for many years, originally only on the Macintosh and Microsoft Windows. It was also ported for NeXT machines under the Virtuoso name.

When Aldus was acquired by Adobe, the licensing agreement that Altsys had with Aldus precluded FreeHand from being part of the deal, so the publishing rights reverted to Altsys. Altsys also published Metamorphosis for Macintosh, a font utility.

Altsys was acquired by Macromedia in January 1995. Von Ehr became a major Macromedia shareholder and joined the Macromedia board of directors.

Macromedia
Macromedia, Inc. was an American graphics, multimedia, and web development software company headquartered in San Francisco, California, that made products such as Flash and Dreamweaver. It was purchased by its rival Adobe Systems on December 3, 2005.
Pagbabalik ng Panday
Pagbabalik ng Panday (lit. 'Return of the Blacksmith') is a 1981 Filipino fantasy film produced and directed by Fernando Poe Jr., based on the Pilipino Komiks character Panday. It is the sequel to the 1980 film Ang Panday and stars Poe as the titular character, alongside Tina Revilla, Max Alvarado, Bentot Jr., Rosemarie Gil, Lito Anzures, Lilian Laing, and Sarah Cariño. The film was released by FPJ Productions on December 25, 1981 as an official entry of the 7th Metro Manila Film Festival. Ang Panday: Ikatlong Yugto followed in 1982.

Panday (character)
The Panday (Filipino for smith) is a fictional Philippine comics character created by writer Carlo J. Caparas and artist Steve Gan. His stories were first serialized in the comic series Ang Panday ("The Smith") in Pilipino Komiks during the late 1970s. The character, whose real name is Flavio, became a Philippine pop culture icon since it was adapted to film (Ang Panday) in 1980 with Fernando Poe Jr. portraying Flavio and Max Alvarado as his archenemy Lizardo. The film spawned three direct sequels, as well as multiple other more loosely connected films and television series including an animated version.
Michel Lutfallah
Michel Lutfallah (Arabic: ميشال لطف الله) was a wealthy Lebanese-Egyptian socialite, Arab nationalist leader and businessman from Cairo, noted for his role in the Syrian independence movement under the French Mandate. Born into a wealthy Greek Orthodox Christian family of Lebanese origin, he became a leading figure among émigrés in Egypt. Lutfallah used his wealth to finance and organize early nationalist campaigns. He served as President of the Syrian-Palestinian Congress, and allied with the Hashemites and British to press for Arab independence. His faction often opposed Islamist or Ottoman-oriented leaders.

George Lutfallah
George Lutfallah (Arabic: جورج لطف الله), also styled as Prince George Lutfallah, was a Lebanese-Egyptian businessman and political aspirant active during the French Mandate period. A member of the wealthy Lutfallah family, which had acquired the hereditary title of Emir from King Hussein bin Ali of Hejaz, he became known for his efforts to translate his fortune into political influence. Lutfallah entered Lebanese politics in the late 1920s, seeking the presidency with French backing while entertaining monarchist ambitions. His candidacy collapsed, particularly after the exposure of forged documents. He died in London on 20 June 1941, and was commemorated by the poet Khalil Gibran in a lengthy preemptive elegy.
Josephine Butler Parks Center
Josephine Butler Parks Center is a historic building in Washington, D.C. and the headquarters of Washington Parks and People, located in the Meridian Hill neighborhood of Northwest D.C. It is housed in the Old Hungarian Embassy, which is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places as House at 2437 Fifteenth Street, NW.

Meridian Hill
Meridian Hill is a small urban neighborhood in Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. Meridian Hill is often considered to be a part of the larger neighborhoods of Adams Morgan and Columbia Heights, which it sits between. The neighborhood is primarily residential, though it also hosts a number of diplomatic missions and embassies.

Meridian Hill was developed as part of the City Beautiful movement in the late 19th century, when socialite Mary Foote Henderson embarked on a major initiative to turn Meridian Hill into the city's most prestigious area. While the neighborhood lured many prominent figures to build mansions and embassies, Henderson did not achieve her goal of building a new Presidential Mansion on the central area of the hill, which was eventually developed into Meridian Hill Park.