hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sant'Agata la Vetere, Catania
37°30′25.2″N 15°5′00.5″E﻿ / ﻿37.507000°N 15.083472°E﻿ / 37.507000; 15.083472
Sant’Agata la Vetere is a Roman Catholic church located in the piazza of the same name (along via Santa Maddalena) in Catania, Sicily, southern Italy. East of church and nearby, but facing in the other direction, are two other churches dedicated in honor of St Agatha of Sicily: the church of Sant'Agata al Carcere and two blocks east on Piazza Stesicoro is Sant'Agata alla Fornace, now known San Biagio.

Sant'Agata al Carcere, Catania
Santa Agata al Carcere (Saint Agatha at the Prison), sometimes called Santo Carcere or the Carcere church is a Roman Catholic church located on Piazza Santo Carcere #7, in the city of Catania, Sicily, southern Italy. It is one of three nearly adjacent churches dedicated in honor of St Agatha of Sicily in this neighborhood, the other two being Sant'Agata alla Fornace and Sant'Agata la Vetere.
KH Zagłębie Sosnowiec
KH Zagłębie Sosnowiec is a professional ice hockey team based in Sosnowiec, Poland. The team competes in the Polska Hokej Liga, the highest league in Poland.

Zagłębie Sosnowiec originated as the ice hockey section of Sosnowieckiego Towarzystwa Sportowego "Unia" which was formed 27 November 1933. Zagłębie Sosnowiec was founded in 1937. They won five PLH titles in six years from 1980–1985, and one Polish 1. Liga title in 2005.

Sosnowiec
Sosnowiec is an industrial city county in the Dąbrowa Basin of southern Poland, in the Silesian Voivodeship, which is also part of the Metropolis GZM municipal association. Located in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region, Sosnowiec is one of the cities of the Katowice urban area, which is a conurbation with a total population of 2.7 million people; as well as the greater Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area populated by about 5.3 million people. The population of the city is 189,178 as of December 2022.
Congress of Tucumán
The Congress of Tucumán (Spanish: Congreso de Tucumán) was the representative assembly, initially meeting in San Miguel de Tucumán, that declared the independence of the United Provinces of South America (modern-day Argentina, Uruguay, part of Bolivia) on July 9, 1816, from the Spanish Empire.

San Miguel de Tucumán
San Miguel de Tucumán (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsam miˈɣel de tukuˈman]), usually called simply Tucumán, is the capital and largest city of Tucumán Province, located in northern Argentina 1,311 kilometres (815 mi) from Buenos Aires. It is the fifth-largest city of Argentina after Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Rosario and Mendoza and the most important city of the northern region. The Spanish conquistador Diego de Villarroel founded the city in 1565 in the course of an expedition from present-day Peru. Tucumán moved to its present site in 1685.
Washington F.C.
Washington Football Club is a football club based in Washington, Tyne and Wear, England. The club was formed by miners at the local "F-Pit" Colliery in the early 20th century as Washington Colliery F.C. The club's distinctive red colours were agreed upon on formation and a codicil written making the team strip of red shirts being in existence in perpetuity. The modern club was established in 1947 and joined the Wearside League in 1968. In the 1977–78 season, they reached the third round of the FA Vase. The club won promotion to the Northern Football League Division One after winning their last seven games of the 2014–15 season. It was their highest league standing since the 2003–04 season.

Washington, Tyne and Wear
Washington is a town in the Sunderland district, in Tyne and Wear, England. Historically part of County Durham, it is the ancestral settlement of the local Washington family, from which the first President of the United States George Washington descended. It has a population of 67,085.

It is located between Chester-le-Street, Gateshead and South Tyneside. Washington was designated a new town in 1964. It became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The town has expanded dramatically since its designation; new villages were created and areas were reassigned from Chester-le-Street, to offer housing and employment to those moving from adjoining areas and further afield. At the 2011 census, Washington had a population of 67,085, compared to 53,388 in 2001.
Langstone, Hampshire
Langstone is a village near Havant, Hampshire in the south east of England in Portsmouth. It has good railway connections to London, Southampton, Portsmouth and Brighton, from the nearby Havant railway station. There are many large gated detached houses on the main road, "Langstone Road" and on the roads surrounding this. It has a sailing club, several architecturally unusual buildings, and several historically significant buildings, including a converted (water) millhouse and a converted 18th century windmill, the latter of which is a local landmark.

Havant
Havant (/ˈhævənt/ HAV-ənt) is a town in the south-east corner of Hampshire, England. Nearby places include Portsmouth to the south-west, Southampton to the west, Waterlooville to north, Chichester to the east and Hayling Island to the south. The wider borough comprises the town (45,826), the resort of Hayling Island, the town of Waterlooville, and the town of Emsworth.
Housing and population more than doubled in the 20 years following World War II, a period of major conversion of land from agriculture and woodland to housing across the region following the incendiary bombing of Portsmouth and the Blitz.

The old centre of the town was a small Celtic settlement before Roman times and the town's commerce, retired and commuter population swelled after World War II so as to be usually considered economically part of the Portsmouth conurbation.
Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum, the European black nightshade or simply black nightshade or blackberry nightshade, is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae, native to Eurasia and introduced in the Americas, Australasia, and South Africa. Ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales, and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine. Some other species may also be referred to as "black nightshade".

Solanum nigrum has been recorded from deposits of the Paleolithic and Mesolithic era of ancient Britain and it is suggested by the botanist and ecologist Edward Salisbury that it was part of the native flora there before Neolithic agriculture emerged. The plant was known and mentioned by ancient herbalists, including Dioscorides. In 1753, Carl Linnaeus described six varieties of Solanum nigrum in Species Plantarum.

Leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. Those eaten raw in a salad can be called salad greens, whereas leaf vegetables eaten cooked can be called pot herbs.

Nearly 1,000 species of plants with edible leaves are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach, but also come from some woody plants. The leaves of many fodder crops (e.g. alfalfa, clover, and most grasses) are also edible by humans, but usually only as famine or processed food.

Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but being photosynthetic tissues, their vitamin K levels are particularly notable. Accordingly, users of vitamin K antagonist medications like warfarin must limit their consumption of leaf vegetables.
Bruno Blum
Bruno Blum (born October 4, 1960, Vichy, France) is a French singer songwriter, guitar player, music producer and musicologist sometimes nicknamed "Doc Reggae". He is mostly known for his work in the reggae, Caribbean music, rock music and African musics fields, and also works as a cartoon and comic book artist, illustrator, visual artist, photographer, video director, writer, journalist, music historian, interpreter and speaker.

Invader (artist)
Invader is a pseudonymous French street artist. He is known for his ceramic tile mosaics modeled on the pixelated art of 1970s–1980s 8-bit video games, many of which depict the titular aliens from the arcade games Space Invaders, Pac-Man and Super Mario Bros. (the inspirations for his pseudonym). As of December 2020, his creations can be seen in highly visible locations in 79 cities in 20 countries. To accompany his citywide installations, or "Invasions", Invader publishes books and maps as guides to the locations of his mosaics.

Invader also makes mosaics using QR codes and stacks of Rubik's Cubes (with the latter typically installed indoors).
Texas Film Hall of Fame
The Texas Film Hall of Fame honors Texans who have made a significant contribution to film or filmmaking, as well as non-Texans who have made significant strides in the advancement of the Texan film industry. Classic Texas films are also honored, with a member of the cast or crew accepting on behalf of their colleagues. New inductees are announced at the annual Texas Film Awards, organised by the Austin Film Society.

The Hall of Fame and associated awards ceremony were co-founded in 2001 by Louis Black, the editor of The Austin Chronicle, and Evan Smith, Editor-In-Chief and CEO of The Texas Tribune and former editor of Texas Monthly.

William D. Wittliff
William Dale Wittliff (January 21, 1940 – June 9, 2019),  sometimes credited as Bill Wittliff, was an American screenwriter, author, and photographer who wrote the screenplays for The Perfect Storm (2000), Barbarosa (1982), Raggedy Man (1981), and many others.
The Playa Rich Project
The Playa Rich Project is a compilation presented by American rapper Spice 1. It was released November 14, 2000 on Mobb Status Entertainment. The album features performances by Spice 1, Yukmouth, RBL Posse, C-Bo, Outlawz, Jayo Felony, Tray Dee, Three 6 Mafia, B-Legit, Hot Boyz and Yukmouth.

The song, "Ride or Die", was later re-released on the 2001 Criminalz album Criminal Activity. Another song, "Ride 4 Me", was also re-released in 2001, on the C-Bo compilation album, C-Bo's Best Appearances.

C-Bo's Best Appearances
C-Bo's Best Appearances '91–'99 is a compilation of previously released songs featuring American rapper C-Bo. It was released April 10, 2001 on AWOL Records. The songs originally appeared on other artists albums and compilations released throughout the nineties.
Casalborgone
Casalborgone is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Turin.

Casalborgone borders the following municipalities: San Sebastiano da Po, Lauriano, Castagneto Po, Rivalba, Tonengo, Aramengo, Berzano di San Pietro, and Cinzano.

Lauriano
Lauriano is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Turin.

Lauriano borders the following municipalities: Verolengo, Monteu da Po, San Sebastiano da Po, Cavagnolo, Casalborgone, and Tonengo.
Lynette Woodard
Lynette Woodard (born August 12, 1959) is an American basketball player and former head women's basketball coach at Winthrop University. She is a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame.

Woodward played college basketball for the Kansas Jayhawks. She was a member of the United States women's 1984 basketball team that won the gold medal. She became the first female member of the Harlem Globetrotters in 1985. At age 38, she began playing as one of the oldest members in the newly formed American professional Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) in 1997.

Women's Basketball Development Association
The Women's Basketball Development Association (WBDA) was a professional development female basketball league.

The season typically operated from late April until early August and concluded with a league championship hosted by one of the WBDA's member teams.
Kurtinig an der Weinstraße
Kurtinig an der Weinstraße (Austrian German: [kʊrˈtiːnɪɡ an deːɐ̯ ˈvaɪnˌʃtraːsɛ]) or Cortina sulla Strada del Vino (Italian: [korˈtiːna sulla ˈstraːda del ˈviːno]), often abbreviated to Kurtinig or Cortina, is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the city of Bolzano.

As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 646 and an area of 2.0 square kilometres (0.77 sq mi).

Kurtinig borders the following municipalities: Margreid, Neumarkt, and Salorno.

Neumarkt, South Tyrol
Neumarkt (German: [ˈnɔʏmarkt] ⓘ, lit. 'New Market') or Egna (Italian: [ˈeɲɲa]) is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of the city of Bolzano. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Llanddona transmitting station
The Llanddona transmitting station ((/lænˈdɒnæ/; Welsh: [ɬanˈðɔna]); Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility, situated at Llanddona, near Beaumaris, on the isle of Anglesey, Wales (grid reference SH583810). It comprises a 106.7 metres (350 ft) guyed mast with antennas attached at various heights. It is owned and operated by Arqiva.

Llanddona
Llanddona (Welsh: [ɬanˈðɔna]; Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village and community  in Anglesey, Wales. Located between Benllech and Beaumaris, it is popular as a holiday destination, particularly for families and is noted for its sandy beach. Llanddona has no shops; however, it has a riding school and a public house.  At the 2001 census it had a population of 639, increasing to 691 at the 2011 census.

Llanddona transmitting station is located approximately one mile to the north east of the village.  The station is the main broadcasting site for television and radio in north Wales.

St Dona's Church, Llanddona, dates from 610, although the present building was erected in 1873.

Llanddona is said to have once been home to a family of witches, whose powers descended from mother to daughter.
Dadlington
Dadlington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Dadlington and Sutton Cheney, in the Hinckley and Bosworth district, in Leicestershire, England. It is situated between Hinckley, Market Bosworth and Nuneaton. In 1931 the parish had a population of 200.

The village has a population of around 301 and contains a 13th-century church (St. James), a pub (the Dog and Hedgehog) and a hotel (the Ambion Court).

The Ashby-de-la-Zouch Canal runs through the village.

Hinckley and Bosworth
Hinckley and Bosworth is a local government district with borough status in Leicestershire, England. The council is based in Hinckley, the largest town. The borough also includes the town of Earl Shilton and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The Bosworth in the borough's name refers to the small market town of Market Bosworth, near which the Battle of Bosworth Field was fought in 1485.

The neighbouring districts are North West Leicestershire, Charnwood, Blaby, Rugby, Nuneaton and Bedworth and North Warwickshire.
Multiple frequency-shift keying
Multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK) is a variation of frequency-shift keying (FSK) that uses more than two frequencies. MFSK is a form of M-ary orthogonal modulation, where each symbol consists of one element from an alphabet of orthogonal waveforms. M, the size of the alphabet, is usually a power of two so that each symbol represents log2 M bits.

M is usually between 4 and 64

Error correction is generally also used

Frequency-shift keying
Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital information is encoded on a carrier signal by periodically shifting the frequency of the carrier between several discrete frequencies.  The technology is used for communication systems such as telemetry, weather balloon radiosondes, caller ID, garage door openers,  and low frequency radio transmission in the VLF and ELF bands.  The simplest FSK is binary FSK (BFSK, which is also commonly referred to as 2FSK or 2-FSK), in which the carrier is shifted between two discrete frequencies to transmit binary (0s and 1s) information.
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art is a Chinese mathematics book, composed by several generations of scholars from the 10th–2nd century BCE, its latest stage being from the 1st century CE. This book is one of the earliest surviving mathematical texts from China, the others being the Suan shu shu (202 BCE – 186 BCE) and Zhoubi Suanjing (compiled throughout the Han until the late 2nd century CE). It lays out an approach to mathematics that centres on finding the most general methods of solving problems, which may be contrasted with the approach common to ancient Greek mathematicians, who tended to deduce propositions from an initial set of axioms.

Entries in the book usually take the form of a statement of a problem, followed by the statement of the solution and an explanation of the procedure that led to the solution. These were commented on by Liu Hui in the 3rd century.

The book was later included in the early Tang collection, the Ten Computational Canons.

History of geometry
Geometry (from the Ancient Greek: γεωμετρία; geo- "earth", -metron "measurement") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers (arithmetic).

Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions. Geometry was revolutionized by Euclid, who introduced mathematical rigor and the axiomatic method still in use today. His book, The Elements is widely considered the most influential textbook of all time, and was known to all educated people in the West until the middle of the 20th century.

In modern times, geometric concepts have been generalized to a high level of abstraction and complexity, and have been subjected to the methods of calculus and abstract algebra, so that many modern branches of the field are barely recognizable as the descendants of early geometry. (See Areas of mathematics and Algebraic geometry.)
Baggio (district of Milan)
Baggio (Lombard: Bagg [ˈbatʃ]) is a district (quartiere) of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 7 administrative division of the city. Before being annexed to Milan in 1923, it was an autonomous comune.

The origin of name Baggio is disputed. Some scholars suggest that it might be from a Roman military tower called Badalocum (in Latin, "watch the place"); others have it derive from a toponymy Badia Aggeris, possibly referring to an abbey, which over time was contracted into Badagio and later distorted into Badaglo, then Badaxio, and eventually Baggio.

Cascina a corte
Cascina a corte (Italian: [kaʃˈʃiːna a kˈkorte]; lit. 'courtyard-provided farmstead'; plural: cascine a corte), or more simply cascina (Lombard: cassina [kaˈsina]; Piedmontese: cassin-a [kaˈsiŋa]), refers to a type of rural building traditional of the Po Valley, northern Italy, especially of Lombardy and of some areas of Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna.

Also known as cascine lombarde or just cascine, these buildings are reported in the Po Valley at least since the 16th century, even though they became common in the 18th and 19th centuries. In particular, during the Napoleonic era, a number of religious buildings were confiscated and transformed into cascine.
Tientos (flamenco)
Tientos is a flamenco Andalusian palo which has a rhythm consisting of 4 beats. It is in the same family as the Tangos, but slower and with different topics, lyrics and mood. Every Tientos becomes a Tangos at the end of the song/dance. Traditionally, cantaor El Marrurro (1848–1906) has been considered one of the creators of this style. Enrique el Mellizo gave it the modern form by which we know it today. Other famous cantaores who interpreted this style were Antonio Chacón and Pastora Pavón.

Like many Cante Jondo, traditional Tientos lyrics (letras) tend to be pathetic, sentimental, and speak about the lack of love, disillusionment and revenge. Dancers strive to capture this mood in their solos. It can be danced by a man or a woman.

Palo (flamenco)
A palo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpalo]) or cante is any of the different traditional musical forms in flamenco.

The word palo, in Spanish, has several meanings, the main one being "stick", "pole", "rod", "tree" or "branch", but in this case it has the sense of "suit of cards" i.e. category or classification.
Bugaboo Spire
Bugaboo Spire is a peak in Bugaboo mountain range in Canada, located between the Vowell and Crescent glaciers, just under 2 km West of the ACC's Conrad Kain hut.  It is known for its alpine climbing. The Spire was first climbed by Conrad Kain in 1916.

The Bugaboos
The Bugaboos are a mountain range in the Purcell Mountains of eastern British Columbia, Canada. The granite spires of the group are a popular mountaineering destination.  The Bugaboos are protected within Bugaboo Provincial Park.
Kate de Romero
Kathleen de Romero (née Donnelly; 1937 – September 18, 2023), also known as Doña Kate and Kate Romero, was the wife of Puerto Rico Governor Carlos Romero Barceló and served as First Lady of Puerto Rico from 1977 to 1985. She also served as a Trustee of the Conservation Trust of Puerto Rico from 1999 to 2008.

First ladies and gentlemen of Puerto Rico
First Lady or First Gentleman of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Primera Dama o Primer Caballero de Puerto Rico) is the official title given by the government of Puerto Rico to the spouse of the governor of Puerto Rico or the relatives of the governor, should the holder be unmarried. The governor's spouse leads the Office of the First Lady or First Gentleman of Puerto Rico.

The current First Gentleman of Puerto Rico is José Yovin Vargas, the husband of current Governor of Puerto Rico Jenniffer González-Colón.
Leander Independent School District
Leander Independent School District is a school district based in Leander, Texas (USA) and covering a total of 200 square miles (520 km2) in Leander, Cedar Park, Georgetown, Jonestown, Round Rock in Williamson County and northwest Austin in Travis County. In 2015, the school district was rated "Met Standards" by the Texas Education Agency.

The district has a "CollegeConnection" arrangement with Austin Community College.

As of 2013 , LISD covers 25.6 square miles (66 km2) of land within the City of Austin, making up 8% of the city's territory.

Leander, Texas
Leander (/liˈændər/ lee-AN-dər) is a city in Williamson and Travis Counties, Texas, United States. Its population was 59,202 at the 2020 census and 87,511 at the 2024 census estimate. A suburb just north of Austin, and part of the Greater Austin metropolitan area, it was the fastest-growing city in the United States between 2018 and 2019.
The Black Ghosts
The Black Ghosts are an English electronic music duo composed of Theo Keating and Simon William Lord, formed in 2006. They are currently signed to Southern Fried Records in the UK and IAMSOUND Records in North America. Keating and Lord had previously been in the bands the Wiseguys and Simian, respectively. Keating is well known for his other recording synonyms Touche and Fake Blood.

The Wiseguys
The Wiseguys were a British electronic duo active in the mid to late 1990s. They only released two proper album together, their sophomore album, The Antidote, was produced by both and includes the hits "Start the Commotion" and "Ooh La La", the former was prominently featured in a Mitsubishi TV advertisement and the latter was used in Budweiser commercials.