hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS H28
HMS H28 was a British H-class submarine built by Vickers Limited, Barrow-in-Furness, as part of the Batch 3 H-class submarines. She was laid down on 18 March 1917 and was commissioned on 29 June 1918. H28 was the only British submarine to see active service in both World Wars, and was finally scrapped in 1944.

Edward Preston Young
Edward Preston "Teddy" Young, DSO, DSC & Bar (17 November 1913 – 28 January 2003), was a British graphic designer, submariner and publisher. In 1935, he joined the then new publishers Penguin Books and was responsible for designing the cover scheme used by Penguin for many years as well as drawing the original penguin logo. During World War II he served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) and became the first British RNVR officer to command a submarine. After the war he returned to the publishing world and eventually became managing director of the Rainbird Group. Having written his wartime biography, One of Our Submarines, in 1952, he later wrote several other books.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (journal)
Augmentative and Alternative Communication is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering augmentative and alternative communication. It was established in 1985 and is published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the International Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, of which it is the official journal. The editor-in-chief is Ralf Schlosser (Northeastern University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 2.706.

International Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication
The International Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (ISAAC) was founded in May 1983 in East Lansing, Michigan, United States. Its stated purpose is to improve the communication abilities and quality of life of individuals with complex communication needs who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).  ISAAC provides information about AAC services, policies and activities around the world thorough various publications and their website. The society publishes a journal and various other publications, organizes biennial conferences, promotes research on AAC use and AAC development as well as implements various projects.
Kent County Council
Kent County Council (KCC) is a county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Kent in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the unitary authority of Medway. Kent County Council is the upper tier of elected local government, below which are 12 district councils, and around 300 town and parish councils. The county council has 81 elected councillors. It is one of the largest local authorities in England in terms of population served and the largest local authority of its type. The council is based at County Hall in Maidstone. It had been under Conservative majority control from 1997 to 2025 when Reform UK took control.

2025 Kent County Council election
The 2025 Kent County Council election  took place on 1 May 2025 to elect members to Kent County Council in Kent, England. Reform UK won a majority of the 81 seats, as the Conservatives lost the vast majority of their seats including most of the Cabinet. Reform won all seats in the Ashford, Dartford, Dover, Gravesham and Thanet districts.

This was on the same day as other local elections; Kent County Council had asked for the election to be postponed under the devolution programme but this was rejected, so the election was held as planned.
Aulaxina
Aulaxina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Gomphillaceae. Species of Aulaxina are found predominantly in humid tropical forests across Africa, Asia, and the Americas, where they grow on the surface of living leaves, a foliicolous lifestyle. The genus is recognised by its distinctive blackish fruiting bodies, which open in a star-like or slit-like pattern, and by the small dark hairs and club-shaped reproductive structures that dot the thallus surface. The exact number of species in the genus is uncertain, as different taxonomic databases currently disagree on which names are accepted, and the boundaries of several species remain to be clarified.

Gomphillaceae
The Gomphillaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. They occur mainly in tropical regions, where many species are adapted to humid rainforests and grow directly on leaves rather than on bark or rock. The family contains about 46 genera and more than 800 species, although the true total may be higher because genetic work has revealed extensive cryptic diversity. Many members reproduce using specialised structures and produce few or none of the lichen products that are typical of other lichen groups. A major molecular phylogenetics-led reorganisation in 2023 formalised this revised classification, recognising and establishing 17 genera as new or reinstated.
Senftenberg station
Senftenberg station is a railway station in Senftenberg in the German state of Brandenburg. It is a through station at the railway junction of the Lübbenau-Kamenz and the Großenhain–Cottbus railways, as well as the closed Schipkau–Senftenberg railway. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station.

Senftenberg
Senftenberg (German, pronounced [ˈzɛnftn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) or Zły Komorow (Lower Sorbian, pronounced [ˈzwɨ ˈkɔmɔrɔw]) is a town in Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, in eastern Germany, capital of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district.
Guess (TV program)
Guess (Chinese: 你猜你猜你猜猜猜; pinyin: Ni Cāi Ni Cāi Ni Cāi Cāi Cāi; lit. 'You Guess You Guess You Guess Guess Guess') was a Taiwanese television variety show, hosted by Jacky Wu and other hosts, that began on 2 November 1996 and ended its run on 18 August 2012. It was broadcast in Taiwan, weekly on Saturdays from 22:00 to 00:00 on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) and syndicated to be broadcast in Singapore weekly on Saturdays 23:30 on free-to-air MediaCorp Channel U and Malaysia's 8TV weekly on Sundays 17:00 to 18:30.

The show was twice nominated for Best Variety Programme and hosts Jacky Wu and Aya won Best Host in a Variety Programme from two nominations, at the Golden Bell Awards.

Hebe Tien
Hebe Tien Fu-chen (Chinese: 田馥甄; pinyin: Tián Fùzhēn; born 30 March 1983) is a Taiwanese singer and actress. She rose to fame in the early 2000s as a member of Taiwanese girl group S.H.E. The release of her debut album, To Hebe (2010), established her as a solo artist. Tien's song "A Little Happiness", the theme song of the 2015 Taiwanese film Our Times, was a major hit in most Mandarin-speaking parts of Asia.
Paul Bairoch
Paul Bairoch (24 July 1930 in Antwerp – 12 February 1999 in Geneva) was a (in 1985 naturalised) Swiss economic historian of Belgian descent who specialized in urban history and historical demography. He published or co-authored more than two dozen books and 120 scholarly articles. His most important works emphasize the agricultural preconditions necessary for industrialization and controversially claim, contrary to most scholars that colonization was not beneficial to colonial empires.  He argued that tariffs and growth were positively correlated in the 19th
century.

Angus Maddison
Angus Maddison (6 December 1926 – 24 April 2010) was a British economist specialising in quantitative macro economic history, including the measurement and analysis of economic growth and development.

Maddison lectured at several universities over the course of his career, including the University of St. Andrews in Scotland and Harvard University. In 1978, Maddison was appointed Historical Professor in the Faculty of Economics at the University of Groningen (RUG). He retired in 1996 and became Emeritus Professor.

Maddison is particularly known for documenting economic performance over long periods of time and across major countries in every continent of the world.
Deal toy
A deal toy (also deal gift, lucite tombstone or financial tombstone) is a customized memento or gift that is intended to mark and commemorate the closing of a business deal in finance or investment banking. These plaques or other types of trophies are typically presented at the closing ceremony or dinner to the issuer and senior third-party advisers of the major financial transactions as a souvenir.

Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a synthetic polymer derived from methyl methacrylate. It is a transparent thermoplastic used as an engineering plastic. PMMA is also known as acrylic and acrylic glass and by the trade names and brands Crylux, Walcast, Wanjiale, Hesalite, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, PerClax, and Perspex, among several others (see below). This plastic is often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass. It can also be used as a casting resin, in inks and coatings, and for many other purposes.

It is often technically classified as a type of glass in that it is a non-crystalline vitreous substance, hence its occasional historical designation as acrylic glass.
Wadi al-Far'a
Wadi al-Far'a (Arabic: وادي الفارعة) is a Palestinian village in the Tubas Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northeastern West Bank, located five kilometers southwest of Tubas. It has a land area of 12,000 dunams, of which 337 is built-up and 10,500 are for agricultural purposes. It is under the complete control of the Palestinian National Authority and is adjacent to the Far'a refugee camp. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Wadi al-Far'a had a population of 3,998 inhabitants in 2017.

Tirzah (Tell el-Farah North)
Tirzah (Hebrew: תִּרְצָה) was an ancient town in the Samarian highlands northeast of Shechem; it is generally identified with the site of Tell el-Far'ah (North), northeast of modern city of Nablus, West Bank, in the immediate vicinity of the Palestinian village of Wadi al-Far'a.
2017 Canberra Rugby League
The 2017 Canberra Raiders Cup will be the 20th season of the cup, and the 94th season of domestic rugby league in Canberra. The 2017 Canberra Raiders Cup will consist of 18 regular season rounds that will begin on 1 April and end on 13 August. There will be 3 playoff rounds, beginning on 19 August with the major semi-final, and ending on 3 September with the grand final.

Canberra Rugby League
The Canberra Region Rugby League competition is more commonly known as the Canberra Raiders Cup, covering the Australian Capital Territory and surrounding New South Wales towns Queanbeyan, Goulburn and Yass. The competition is run under the auspices of the Country Rugby League and players are eligible for selection in the Canberra Division of the CRL Tier 1 Divisional Championships. The Canberra district competition has an under 19s, reserve and first grade competitions.
Mossley Hockey Club
Mossley Hockey Club is a field hockey club based in the village of Mossley in Newtownabbey, County Antrim. It was formed in 1929 following a meeting of employees of Henry Campbell's Mill in the village. The club currently fields five men's teams, with the first team playing in the Premier League of the Ulster Senior League.

Newtownabbey
Newtownabbey is a large settlement north of Belfast city centre in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is separated from the rest of the city by Cavehill and Fortwilliam golf course, but it still forms part of the Belfast metropolitan area. It surrounds Carnmoney Hill, and was formed from the merging of several small villages including Whiteabbey, Glengormley and Carnmoney. At the 2021 census, Metropolitan Newtownabbey Settlement had a population of 67,599, making it the third largest settlement in Northern Ireland and seventh on the Island of Ireland. It is part of Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council.
Love Food, Hate Waste
Love Food Hate Waste is a campaign, launched by the Waste & Resources Action Programme in 2007, with the aim of reducing the amount of food waste in the United Kingdom. The campaign has been promoted and circulated by many green sites. The campaign claims to have already helped almost two million households reduce their food waste, amounting to savings of almost £300 million and stopping 137,000 tonnes of waste going being wasted. The campaign has now spread to Australia, New Zealand and Canada.

Waste & Resources Action Programme
WRAP (Waste & Resources Action Programme) is a British registered charity. It works with businesses, individuals and communities to achieve a circular economy, by helping them reduce waste, develop sustainable products and use resources in an efficient way.
Rancho Punta de los Reyes
Rancho Punta de los Reyes was a 13,645-acre (55.22 km2) Mexican land grant in present day Marin County, California, given in 1836 by Governor Nicolás Gutiérrez to James Richard Berry. The grant was east of Rancho Las Baulines and south of Rancho Tomales y Baulines.

Rancho Punta de los Reyes Sobrante
Rancho Punta de los Reyes Sobrante was a 48,189-acre (195.01 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day western Marin County, California, given by Governor Manuel Micheltorena in 1843 to Antonio Maria Osio. The name means "Leftover of Point Reyes Ranch". It comprised much of what is now western Marin County and the Point Reyes National Seashore.
Corps of Royal Canadian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers
The Corps of Royal Canadian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (RCEME) (French: Corps du génie électrique et mécanique royal canadien) is a personnel branch of the Canadian Armed Forces (CF) that provides army engineering maintenance support. All members of the corps wear army uniform. From the 1980s to 2013 it was called the Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Branch.

Army engineering maintenance
Army engineering maintenance consists of those engineers, technicians, and military organizations responsible for the expert repair and maintenance of army vehicles,  weapon systems, and other equipment.

Army engineering maintenance should not be confused with military engineering which is distinctly separate and analogous to civil engineering while the former is analogous to mechanical engineering and electrical engineering.
Grand Coulee
Grand Coulee is an ancient river bed in the U.S. state of Washington. This National Natural Landmark stretches for about 60 miles (97 km) southwest from Grand Coulee Dam to Soap Lake, being bisected by Dry Falls into the Upper and Lower Grand Coulee.

Steamboat Rock State Park
Steamboat Rock State Park is a 5,043-acre (2,041 ha) public recreation area located near the north end of Banks Lake in the Grand Coulee. The state park takes its name from the landscape's dominating feature, Steamboat Rock, a basalt butte that rises 800 feet (240 m) above the lake which nearly completely surrounds it. The butte's plateau covers more than 600 acres (240 ha) and was used by nomadic Native American tribes and by early settlers. During the last ice age, the monolith stood as an island in the new bed of the Columbia River where it had been diverted by ice dams. Once the dams burst creating massive floods and the Scablands, the Columbia returned to its original course, leaving Steamboat Rock as a prominent feature of the dry Grand Coulee.
Uforia Audio Network
Uforia Audio Network ( /juːˈfɔːriə/) is the radio broadcasting and music events division of TelevisaUnivision USA. Formerly known as Hispanic Broadcasting Corporation and Univision Radio, it is the eighth-largest radio broadcaster in the United States, and the largest specifically catering to Hispanic and Latino Americans. The company is headquartered in Los Angeles.

Cecil Heftel
Cecil Landau Heftel (September 30, 1924 – February 4, 2010) was an American politician and businessman from Hawaii. A member of the Democratic Party, Heftel served in the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1986, representing Hawaii's 1st congressional district.
Second Ivorian Civil War
The Second Ivorian Civil War broke out in March 2011 when the crisis in Ivory Coast escalated into full-scale military conflict between forces loyal to Laurent Gbagbo, the President of Ivory Coast since 2000, and supporters of the internationally recognised president-elect Alassane Ouattara.

After months of unsuccessful negotiations and sporadic violence between supporters of the two sides, the crisis entered a critical stage as Ouattara's forces seized control of most of the country with the help of the UN, with Gbagbo entrenched in Abidjan, the country's largest city. International organizations have reported numerous instances of human rights violations by both sides, in particular in the city of Duékoué where Ouattara's forces killed hundreds of people. Around 3,000 people were killed in the conflict. UN and French forces took military action, with the stated objective to protect their forces and civilians. France's forces arrested Gbagbo at his residence on 11 April 2011.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1975
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1975, adopted unanimously on March 30, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), including resolutions 1572 (2004), 1893 (2009), 1911 (2010), 1924 (2010), 1933 (2010), 1942 (2010), 1946 (2010), 1951 (2010), 1962 (2010), 1967 (2011) and 1968 (2011), the Council demanded that Laurent Gbagbo step down as President (allowing internationally recognised President Alassane Ouattara to take power) and imposed sanctions on him and his close associates.

The resolution was sponsored by France and Nigeria.
The Attack (band)
The Attack were an English freakbeat/psychedelic rock band formed in 1966 around singer Richard Shirman (26 April 1949, Earl's Court, South West London – 26 July 2017). The first line-up featured drummer Alan Whitehead from Marmalade, guitarist and trumpeter David O'List (later of the Nice) - later replaced by John Du Cann (later of Andromeda and Atomic Rooster), Richard Shirman on vocals, Bob Hodges on piano and organ and finally Gerry Henderson on bass. Their first single "Try It" had also been recorded by the Standells and Ohio Express. They also released a version of "Hi Ho Silver Lining", a few days earlier than Jeff Beck. Richard Shirman was invited to be singer with Andromeda but he declined.

In 1979, Shirman reunited the Attack. Two years later he founded another band, Hershey and the 12 Bars who released an album in 2000; Greatest Hits Volume II (A New Day Records, AND CD43).

The Nice
The Nice were an English progressive rock band active in the late 1960s. They blended rock, jazz and classical music.

Keyboardist Keith Emerson, bassist Lee Jackson, guitarist David O'List, and drummer Ian Hague originally formed in 1967 to be the backing band of soul singer P. P. Arnold. After replacing Hague with Brian Davison, the group set out on their own and quickly developed a strong live following. The group's stage performances featured Emerson's Hammond organ showmanship and abuse of the instrument. Their compositions included radical rearrangements of classical music themes and Bob Dylan songs.

The band achieved commercial success with an instrumental rearrangement of Leonard Bernstein's "America", following which O'List left the group. The remaining members carried on as a trio, releasing several albums, before Emerson left the band in early 1970 in order to form Emerson, Lake & Palmer. The group briefly re-formed in 2002 for a series of concerts.
John Stanley (KG)
Sir John Stanley, KG (c. 1350–1414) of Lathom, near Ormskirk in Lancashire, was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and titular King of Mann, the first of that name. He married a potential heiress, Isabel Lathom, and several unexpected deaths soon made her very wealthy. This marriage, combined with his own abilities, allowed him to rise above the usual status of a younger son.

Lathom
Lathom (/ˈleɪðəm/) is a village and civil parish in Lancashire, England, near Skelmersdale, about 3 miles (5 km) east of Ormskirk. It is in the district of West Lancashire, and with the parish of Newburgh forms part of Newburgh ward. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 914. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through the parish of Lathom.
George Emlen Roosevelt
George Emlen Roosevelt (October 13, 1887 – September 4, 1963) a banker and philanthropist, was a first cousin once-removed of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt and one of the most prominent railroad financiers of his day, involved in no fewer than 14 railroad reorganizations.  He also held directorships in several important companies, including the Morgan-controlled Guaranty Trust Company, the Chemical Bank, and the Bank for Savings in New York.

Roosevelt & Son
Roosevelt & Son was an American investment banking firm connected with the Roosevelt family for nearly two centuries.  The firm was among the oldest banking houses on Wall Street.  Many of the male members of the Roosevelt family worked for the firm in some capacity.
It Must Be Him (Vikki Carr album)
It Must Be Him is a 1967 album by Vikki Carr. The album reached No. 12 on the Billboard albums chart and is the singer's most successful English-language release. The title song reached No. 3 on the Billboard singles chart. The track was produced by Tommy Oliver.

Vikki Carr
Florencia Vicenta de Casillas-Martinez Cardona (born July 19, 1940), known by her stage name Vikki Carr, is an American vocalist. She has a singing career that spans more than six decades.

Born in El Paso, Texas, to Mexican parents, she has performed in a variety of musical genres, including pop, jazz and country, while her greatest success has come from singing in Spanish. She established the Vikki Carr Scholarship Foundation in 1971. Vikki Carr has won three Grammys and was honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008 at the 9th Annual Latin Grammy Awards.
Danilovsky Uyezd
Danilovsky Uyezd (Даниловский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Yaroslavl Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Danilov.

Yaroslavl Governorate
57°37′00″N 39°51′00″E﻿ / ﻿57.6167°N 39.8500°E﻿ / 57.6167; 39.8500

Yaroslavl Governorate (Russian: Ярославская губерния, romanized: Yaroslavskaya guberniya)  was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, located in European Russia in the Upper Volga Region. It existed from 1777 to 1929; its seat was in the city of Yaroslavl.
Pauwasi languages
The Pauwasi languages are a likely family of Papuan languages, mostly in Indonesia. The subfamilies are at best only distantly related. The best described Pauwasi language is Karkar, across the border in Papua New Guinea. They are spoken around the headwaters of the Pauwasi River in the Indonesian-PNG border region.

Based on earlier work, the East and West Pauwasi languages of Indonesia were classified together in Wurm (1975), though he (and later researchers) did not recognize that Yuri (Karkar) of Papua New Guinea was also East Pauwasi. That connection was made by Usher, though anthropologists had long known of the connection. Later the South Pauwasi languages were also identified by Usher, and the West Pauwasi family tentatively expanded. Wichmann (2013), Foley (2018) and Pawley & Hammarström (2018), noting the sharp differences among the three groups, are agnostic about whether West Pauwasi, East Pauwasi and South Pauwasi are related.

West Pauwasi languages
The West Pauwasi languages are a likely family of Papuan languages spoken on the Indonesian side of New Guinea. They may either form part of a larger Pauwasi language family along with the Eastern Pauwasi languages, or it they could form an independent language family (or more than one family).