hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide
Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide (or FormylGlycinAmideRibotide, FGAR) is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from FGAR.

FGAR is formed when the enzyme phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase adds a formyl group from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to glycineamide ribonucleotide (GAR) in reaction EC 2.1.2.2:

GAR + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate → FGAR + tetrahydrofolate

The biosynthesis pathway next converts FGAR to an amidine by the action of phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (EC 6.3.5.3), transferring an amino group from glutamine and giving 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine (FGAM) in a reaction that also requires ATP:

FGAR + ATP + glutamine + H2O → FGAM + ADP + glutamate + Pi

Glycineamide ribonucleotide
Glycinamide ribonucleotide (or GAR) is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from GAR.

Phosphoribosylamine (PRA)

GAR is the product of the enzyme phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase acting on phosphoribosylamine (PRA) to combine it with glycine in a process driven by ATP. The reaction, EC 6.3.4.13 forms an amide bond:

PRA + glycine + ATP → GAR + ADP + Pi

The biosynthesis pathway next adds a formyl group from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to GAR, catalysed by phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase in reaction EC 2.1.2.2 and producing formylglycinamide ribotide (FGAR):

GAR + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate → FGAR + tetrahydrofolate
Proposal (business)
A business proposal is a written offer from a seller to a prospective sponsor.

Business proposals are often a key step in a complex sales process, where a buyer considers more than price in a purchase.

A proposal puts the buyer's requirements in a context that favors the seller's products and services, and educates the buyer about the seller's capability to satisfy their needs.

There are three distinct categories of business proposals: formally solicited, informally solicited, unsolicited.

Complex sales
Complex sales, also known as enterprise sales, can refer to a method of trading sometimes used by organizations when procuring large contracts for goods and/or services, where the customer takes control of the selling process by issuing a request for proposal (RFP) and requiring a proposal response from previously identified or interested suppliers. Complex sales involve long sales cycles with multiple decision makers. Multiple stakeholders and stakeholder groups contribute to every complex sale. These types of sales can take up to 8 to 18 months, as multiple people from higher management are involved.
R267 road (Ireland)
The R267 road is a regional road in County Donegal, Ireland. The road links  Donegal Town with the N15, a road which runs around the eastern and south-eastern edge of Donegal Town. The N15 forms part of the main road between Derry and Sligo Town. The R267, parts of which are known as the Derry Road or the Ballybofey Road within Donegal Town, crosses the Drumenny Burn between The Northern Garage and the District Hospital, near where the burn enters the River Eske. The road is 5.6 km (3.5 mi) long.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
Prolatilus
Prolatilus is a monotypic genus of labriform ray-finned fish from the family Pinguipedidae. The only species in the genus, Prolatilus jugularis, the Pacific sandperch, is found in the south eastern Pacific of the coast of Peru and Chile. It occurs over rocky and sandy bottoms and feeds on  crustaceans, polychaetes and small fish.  This species is considered to be good quality food fish and is commercially exploited.

Sandperch
The sandperches are a family, Pinguipedidae, of ray-finned fishes in the percomorph order Labriformes. Sandperches are benthic fish which normally occur over sand or rubble substrates in shallow seas. They are found off the coasts of South America, South Africa and in the Indo-Pacific as far east as Japan. There are 65 species, a few of which are used by humans for food.
Positive train control
Positive train control (PTC) is a family of automatic train protection systems deployed in the United States. Most of the United States' national rail network mileage has a form of PTC. These systems are generally designed to check that trains are moving safely and to stop them when they are not.

Positive train control restricts the train movement to an explicit allowance; movement is halted upon invalidation. A train operating under PTC receives a movement authority containing information about its location and where it is allowed to safely travel. PTC was installed and operational on 100% of the statutory-required trackage by December 29, 2020.

Automatic train protection
Automatic train protection (ATP) is the generic term for train protection systems that continually check that the speed of a train is compatible with the permitted speed allowed by signalling, including automatic stop at certain signal aspects. If it is not, ATP activates an emergency brake to stop the train.
Noach
Noach (/ˈnoʊ.ɑːk/, /ˈnoʊ.ɑːx/) is the second weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה‎, parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis 6:9–11:32. The parashah tells the stories of the Flood and Noah's Ark, of Noah's subsequent drunkenness and cursing of Canaan, and of the Tower of Babel.

The parashah has the most verses of any weekly Torah portion in the Book of Genesis (but not the most letters or words). It is made up of 6,907 Hebrew letters, 1,861 Hebrew words, 153 verses, and 230 lines in a Torah Scroll (סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה‎, Sefer Torah). (In the Book of Genesis, Parashat Miketz has the most letters, Parashat Vayeira has the most words, and Parashat Vayishlach has an equal number of verses as Parashat Noach.)

Jews read it on the second Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October or early November.

Yetzer hara
In Judaism, yetzer hara (Hebrew: יֵצֶר הַרַע‎, romanized: yēṣer haraʿ‍) is a term for humankind's congenital inclination to do evil. The concept is prominent in rabbinic texts and in the works of the Syriac poet Narsai. The term itself is drawn from the phrase "the inclination of the heart of man is evil" (Biblical Hebrew: יֵצֶר לֵב הָאָדָם רַע, romanized: yêṣer lêḇ hā-ʾāḏām raʿ), which occurs twice at the beginning of the Torah in Genesis 6:5 and Genesis 8:21 .

The Hebrew word yetzer, having appeared twice in Genesis, occurs again at the end of the Torah: "I knew their devisings that they do". Thus from beginning to end, the heart's yetzer (plan) is continually bent on evil. However, the Torah which began with blessings also anticipates future blessings, which will come as a result of God circumcising the heart in the latter days.
Tarako
Tarako (たらこ, Tarako; December 17, 1960 – March 4, 2024) was a Japanese actress, voice actress and singer. Her debut role was as a preschooler on Urusei Yatsura. She was better known as the voice of Momoko "Maruko" Sakura, the titular character in the long-running anime series Chibi Maruko-chan from its debut in 1990 until its conclusion in 1992 and its subsequent revival, which premiered in 1995 and continues to air as of today. She was employed by the talent management firm Troubadour Musique Office.

Following her death in March 2024, Kokoro Kikuchi took over the role of Maruko in Chibi Maruko-chan after the show resumed from its month-long hiatus on April 21 of that year.

Combat Mecha Xabungle
Combat Mecha Xabungle (Japanese: 戦闘メカ ザブングル, Hepburn: Sentō Meka Zabunguru) also called Blue Gale Xabungle in promotional media, is a Japanese mecha anime television series created by Nippon Sunrise and directed by Yoshiyuki Tomino. It was broadcast on the Nagoya TV and TV Asahi networks weekly from February 6, 1982, to January 29, 1983. Promotional toys were produced by Clover. There was also a compilation movie made called Xabungle Graffiti, which included new footage and a different ending to the series. The anime series is licensed by Maiden Japan. It was released on an SDBD set on December 18, 2018.
Everything Is Shifting
Everything is Shifting is a 2005 EP by Atlanta-based rock band Y-O-U. The record represented a striking change in the band's sound, both lyrically and musically, the latter change being inspired in part by the departure of two members, Eric Park and Matt Sonnicksen, in 2004. Multi-instrumentalist Clay Cook assisted the band in the performance and production of Everything Is Shifting and appeared in the video for "Good Luck with that American Dream"; however, he would not become a member of Y-O-U until after the record's release and would then leave the band before its next project Flashlights. "Good Luck with that American Dream" has been licensed for an international Coca-Cola ad.

Flashlights (album)
Flashlights is the third record by the Atlanta-based independent rock band Y-O-U. The album was first made available via free download on the band's MySpace profile on New Year's Day, 2007, and on compact disc on January 23 of the same year.

According to the band's official MySpace profile, Flashlights was the exclusive theme music of the Phillips Lounge at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival.
KJJK-FM
KJJK-FM (96.5 MHz, "KJ Country") is a radio station broadcasting a country music format serving Fergus Falls, Minnesota.  The station is owned by Leighton Broadcasting, through licensee Leighton Radio Holdings, Inc.

The station first signed on the air in 1982. The station airs a Country music format, branded as "KJ Country 96.5 FM."

The station features local on-air talent during the day, including the Kelly Jordan Show in the morning and Brook Stephens.

The studios and offices are west of downtown Fergus Falls, at 728 Western Avenue North, near I94. It shares a transmitter site with KJJK (AM),  southeast of Fergus Falls, near Wall Lake.

Fergus Falls, Minnesota
Fergus Falls (/ˈfɜːrɡəs/ FUR-gəss) is a city in and the county seat of Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 14,119 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 14,258 in 2024.
Nissan Almera
The Nissan Almera is a line of sedans produced by Japanese manufacturer Nissan since 1995. The early generations, including the first-generation N15 and second-generation N16, were classified as compact cars (C-segment) and were essentially the European export versions of the Nissan Pulsar.

Starting with the third-generation N17, the Almera was reclassified as a subcompact sedan (B-segment), built on the Nissan V platform. This version has been marketed under five different nameplates in various international markets.

The Almera nameplate has also been used for several other unrelated models in other export markets, including the South Korean-manufactured Samsung SM3 and for the Nissan Almera Classic in Russia.

Nissan GA engine
The GA engine is a 1.3 to 1.6 L inline-four piston engine from Nissan. It has a cast-iron block and an aluminum head. There are SOHC and DOHC versions, 8, 12, and 16 valve versions, carbureted, single-point, and multi-point injected versions, and versions with variable valve timing (GA16DE). The GA was produced from August 1987 through 2013. Since 1998, it was only available from Mexico in the B13.

In the code of the engine, the first two initials indicate engine class, the two numbers indicate engine displacement (in decilitres), the last two initials indicate cylinder-head style and induction type (D=DOHC, S=carburetor, E=injection). In the case of a single-initial suffix, the initial indicates induction type.
2025 Davis Cup World Group I play-offs
The 2025 Davis Cup World Group I play-offs will be held from 31 January to 2 February 2025. The thirteen winners of this round will qualify for the 2025 Davis Cup World Group I while the thirteen losers will compete at the 2025 Davis Cup World Group II.

2025 Davis Cup World Group I
The 2025 Davis Cup World Group I was held from 12 to 13 September 2025. The thirteen winners of this round will qualify for the 2026 Davis Cup Qualifiers first round while the thirteen losers will play at the 2026 Davis Cup World Group I play-offs.
Cicagna
Cicagna is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of Genoa.

Cicagna borders the following municipalities: Coreglia Ligure, Lorsica, Mocònesi, Orero, Rapallo, Tribogna.

Orero, Liguria
Orero (Ligurian: Oê) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Genoa.

Orero borders the following municipalities: Cicagna, Coreglia Ligure, Lorsica, Rezzoaglio, San Colombano Certénoli. Alongside Ala, Ateleta, Onano and Siris, it is one of five Italian municipalities with a palindromic name.
William Sellers
William Sellers (September 19, 1824 – January 24, 1905) was a mechanical engineer, manufacturer, businessman, noted abolitionist, and inventor who filed more than 90 patents, most notably the design for the United States standard screw thread, the standard bolt and machine screw thread still used today. As president of the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Sellers proposed the adoption of a system of screw threads which was easier for ordinary mechanics and machinists to cut than a similar design by Joseph Whitworth. For many years, he led the machine tool firm of William Sellers & Co., which was a very influential machine tool builder during the latter half of the 19th century.

Franklin Institute
The Franklin Institute is a science museum and a center of science education and research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is named after the American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin. It houses the Benjamin Franklin National Memorial. Founded in 1824, the Franklin Institute is one of the oldest centers of science education and development in the United States. Its chief astronomer is Derrick Pitts.
Secor, Illinois
Secor is a village in Clayton Township, Woodford County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Secor had a population of 342. It is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. Secor is located just off U.S. Route 24 between El Paso and Eureka.

Woodford County, Illinois
Woodford County is a county located in the state of Illinois. The 2020 United States census listed its population at 38,467. Its county seat is Eureka. Woodford County is part of the Peoria metropolitan area. Its name comes from General William Woodford, an officer of the American Revolutionary War who served at the brutal military encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
Melnik Ridge
Melnik Ridge (Melnishki Hrebet \'mel-nish-ki 'hre-bet\) is a narrow ridge rising to 696 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica bounded by Kaliakra Glacier to the north and west, and Struma Glacier to the south, and linked to Bowles Ridge by the 575 m high Yankov Gap. The ridge is 2.2 km long in the east-west direction, featuring Sliven Peak and Etropole Peak, with the summit Melnik Peak forming its west extremity. It has partly snow-free southern slopes.  The ridge was first surveyed by Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 28 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 topographic survey.

Melnik is the name of a town in south-western Bulgaria.

Bowles Ridge
Bowles Ridge  (Bulgarian: хребет Боулс, romanized: hrebet Bouls, IPA: [ˈxrɛbɛd ˈbɔuɫs]) is the central ridge of eastern Livingston Island.  The ridge extends 6.5 km in the east-west direction and is 1.5 km wide.  The summit of the ridge is Mount Bowles which rises to 822m and is located 9.77 km northwest of Great Needle Peak, 6.08 km north by west of Mount Friesland, 8.77 km east-northeast of St. Kliment Ohridski base and 9.25 km south by west of Miziya Peak.

Bowles Ridge is bounded by Kaliakra Glacier and Struma Glacier to the north, by Perunika Glacier to the west and southwest and by Huron Glacier to the southeast and east. It is linked to Friesland Ridge of the Tangra Mountains by Wörner Gap, to Hemus Peak by Dimov Gate, and to Melnik Ridge by Yankov Gap.  The ridge is crossed by Omurtag Pass and Pirdop Gate.

The feature takes its name from Mount Bowles.
John Vinich
John P. Vinich (June 13, 1950 – November 27, 2004) was an American Democratic politician and attorney who served as a member of the Wyoming Legislature from 1975 to 1999. He served in the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1975 to 1983, and then in the Wyoming Senate from 1983 to 1999. He was the Democratic nominee for the U.S. Senate in 1988, and almost defeated incumbent Republican Senator Malcolm Wallop. He was also the Democratic nominee for Congress in the 1989 special election to replace Dick Cheney, and for Governor of Wyoming in 1998, losing both races by wider margins.

Vinich lived in Hudson, Wyoming, where his family owned a bar. He died at a hospital in nearby Lander, Wyoming, on November 27, 2004, aged 54.

Malcolm Wallop
Malcolm Wallop (February 27, 1933 – September 14, 2011) was an American rancher and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a United States Senator from Wyoming for three terms from 1977 to 1995, after three terms in the Wyoming Legislature.
British Handball
The British Handball Association is the governing body of handball in Britain. It has been a member of the International Handball Federation (IHF) since 1970 and of the European Handball Federation (EHF) (for IHF matters). Other representation at European level is under different national associations: the England Handball Association and the Scottish Handball Association. This dual structure, which is shared by several others sports, reflects the conflict between the desire of the home nations to organise the sport separately, and the need to have an overall body for international purposes, such as the Olympics.

England Handball Association
The England Handball Association is the governing body for non-International Handball Federation related matters of team handball in England. The British Handball Association has governance over matters relating to the International Handball Federation. It is an Associate member of the European Handball Federation (EHF).
Abu Salama
Abū Salama ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Asad (Arabic: أَبُو سَلَمَة عَبْد ٱلله ٱبْن عَبْد ٱلْأَسَد) was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was also a cousin and a foster-brother of Muhammad and Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib through their foster-mother Thuwaybah.

Umm Salama
Hind bint Abi Umayya (Arabic: هِنْد ابِنْت أَبِي أُمَيَّة, Hind ʾibnat ʾAbī ʾUmayya, c. 580 or 596 –  680 or 683), better known as Umm Salama (Arabic: أُمّ سَلَمَة) or Hind al-Makhzūmiyya (Arabic: هِنْد ٱلْمَخْزُومِيَّة) was the sixth wife of Muhammad.

"Umm Salama" was her kunya meaning, "mother of Salama". She was one of the most influential female companions of Muhammad. She is recognized largely for recalling numerous Hadiths, or sayings and narrations attributed to Muhammad. Twelver Shia Muslims believe that Umm Salama was Muhammad's most important wife after Khadija.
Pilipinas Got Talent season 5
The fifth season of Pilipinas Got Talent premiered on ABS-CBN from January 23 to May 22, 2016, replacing the second season of Your Face Sounds Familiar and was replaced by the third season of The Voice Kids.

Billy Crawford and Luis Manzano returned as hosts for the season. Of the three judges from the previous four seasons, only Freddie M. Garcia reprised his role. He was joined by actress Angel Locsin, actor Robin Padilla, and comedian Vice Ganda, who had debuted as a guest judge in the previous season, filling in for Ai-Ai delas Alas during the 5th quarterfinals week due to her illness.

Contemporary dance duo Power Duo from Angono, Rizal, emerged as the season's winner. Poi dancer Marianne Madrigal (a.k.a. Amazing Pyra) from Antipolo was named the runner-up, while magician Ody Sto. Domingo from Sta. Mesa, Manila secured third place. This season marked the first time in the show's history that a singing act did not win.

The Voice Kids (Philippine TV series) season 3
The third season of The Voice Kids was a Philippine reality singing competition on ABS-CBN. Lea Salonga and Bamboo Mañalac returned to the show as coaches. Sarah Geronimo left the show to focus on her other projects, such as ASAP, and a new album. As a result, Sharon Cuneta replaced her as a coach. Luis Manzano and Robi Domingo returned to host the show; however, Yeng Constantino was replaced by Kim Chiu. Constantino didn't return to the show due to her earlier commitments with some other programs.

It aired May 28 to August 28, 2016, replacing the fifth season of Pilipinas Got Talent and was replaced by Pinoy Boyband Superstar. It airs 7:15 p.m. (PST) every Saturdays; and 7 p.m. (PST) every Sundays.

Joshua Oliveros of FamiLea as the winner, the first male grand champion in the show to do so and marking Salonga's first win in the show as coach.
G2 (mathematics)
In mathematics, G2 is three simple Lie groups (a complex form, a compact real form and a split real form), their Lie algebras  as well as some algebraic groups. They are the smallest of the five exceptional simple Lie groups. G2 has rank 2 and dimension 14. It has two fundamental representations, with dimension 7 and 14.

The compact form of G2 can be described as the automorphism group of the octonion algebra or, equivalently, as the subgroup of SO(7) that preserves any chosen particular vector in its 8-dimensional real spinor representation (a spin representation).

Octonion
In mathematics, the octonions are a normed division algebra over the real numbers, a kind of hypercomplex number system. The octonions are usually represented by the capital letter O, using boldface O or blackboard bold . Octonions have eight dimensions; twice the number of dimensions of the quaternions, of which they are an extension. They are noncommutative and nonassociative, but satisfy a weaker form of associativity; namely, they are alternative. They are also power associative.

Octonions are not as well known as the quaternions and complex numbers, which are much more widely studied and used. Octonions are related to exceptional structures in mathematics, among them the exceptional Lie groups. Octonions have applications in fields such as string theory, special relativity and quantum logic. Applying the Cayley–Dickson construction to the octonions produces the sedenions.