hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Levasseur PL.15
The Levasseur PL.15 was a torpedo bomber seaplane developed in France in the early 1930s. It was a follow-on design to Levasseur's PL.14 that had, in turn, been developed from the carrier-based PL.7. While the PL.14 retained the PL.7's boat-like fuselage (developed as a safety feature for carrier-based aircraft ditching), the PL.15 was a purpose-built seaplane with an all-new, slender fuselage.

The Aéronavale ordered 16 PL.15s for use aboard the seaplane tender Commandant Teste, and purchased and deployed the prototype as well. These were in service from 1933 to 1938, when they were put into storage. The PL.15s were reactivated with the outbreak of war in September 1939, and were used for anti-submarine patrol along France's Atlantic coast.

Pierre Levasseur (aircraft builder)
Pierre Georges Albert Levasseur (July 16, 1890 in Paris – August 2, 1941 in Paris) was a French aircraft and component maker. He set up his company Société Pierre Levasseur Aéronautique, always referred to simply as Levasseur in Paris in 1910, beginning by making propellers. In 1913 he began building aircraft designed by others. He then began to design his own, the majority of which were single-engine biplanes for French Naval Aviation. He also ran a flying school, where the chief pilot of his school was François Denhaut (1877–1952), notable for designing the first flying boat. Georges Abrial (1898 – 1970), an early French aerodynamicist, also worked with Levasseur to produce the Levasseur-Abrial A-1.
Comb space
In mathematics, particularly topology, a comb space is a particular subspace of  that resembles a comb. The comb space has properties that serve as a number of counterexamples. The topologist's sine curve has similar properties to the comb space.  The deleted comb space is a variation on the comb space.

Connected space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a connected space is a topological space that cannot be represented as the union of two or more disjoint non-empty open subsets. Connectedness is one of the principal topological properties that distinguish topological spaces.

A subset of a topological space  is a connected set if it is a connected space when viewed as a subspace of .

Some related but stronger conditions are path connected, simply connected, and -connected. Another related notion is locally connected, which neither implies nor follows from connectedness.
Edward Martin (cricketer)
Edward Martin (24 November 1814 – 31 October 1869) was an English professional cricketer. He played for Hampshire sides and for Kent County Cricket Club

Martin was born at Brenchley in Kent in 1814. He made his first-class cricket debut for a Hampshire side against MCC in 1843. From 1843 to 1845 he played five first-class matches for Hampshire before moving to play for the newly founded Kent County Cricket Club between 1845 and 1851. He played 31 matches for the county, making his debut against Nottinghamshire at Canterbury.

Martin also played first-class cricket for the West of England and Manchester Cricket Club and played, in non-first-class matches, for both Dorset and Oxfordshire sides. He was employed at Oxford University as a professional cricketer.

Martin died on 24 November 1869 at Barcombe in Sussex aged 54.

West of England cricket team
A West of England cricket team (known simply as "West") was organised on an ad hoc basis at intervals between 1844 and 1948. CricketArchive lists nine first-class matches and one minor match in 1874 against Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). In addition, West teams were involved in numerous minor events in the 1944 and 1945 seasons, when matches were frequently raised for charitable purposes during World War II. Four first-class matches were played by West against MCC, one against East and one, in 1927, against the touring New Zealanders.
University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg
The University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg (Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH) (UKGM) is a German university hospital of the Rhön-Klinikum. It is based in Giessen and Marburg; the Giessen site is the teaching hospital of the University of Giessen whereas the Marburg site is the teaching hospital of the University of Marburg. It is the first privatized university hospital in Germany and, due to the merger of the two sites, one of the largest hospitals in Germany. In total it has 2,285 beds, thereof 1,145 in Giessen and 1,140 in Marburg.

Marburg University
Marburg University (German: Philipps-Universität Marburg) is a public research university located in Marburg, Germany. It was founded in 1527 by Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, which makes it one of Germany's oldest universities and the oldest still operating Protestant university in the world. It is now a public university of the state of Hesse, without religious affiliation.

Marburg University has 21,162 students (2024/25) and is located in Marburg. It offers an International summer university programme and offers student exchanges through the Erasmus programme.
Quindocqua United Methodist Church
Quindocqua United Methodist Church is a historic United Methodist church located at Marion, Somerset County, Maryland. It is a single-story, roughly cruciform frame building resting on a raised foundation of common bond brick erected in 1913. It features pointed-arch colored glass windows on three sides, fishscale shingles in the gables, and a three-story bell tower topped by a pyramidal roof.  The interior presents a well-preserved example of early-20th-century church design with its ramped floor, semicircular seating, pressed metal ceiling, and period lighting fixtures.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Marion Station, Maryland
Marion Station, also known as Marion, is an unincorporated community in Somerset County, Maryland, United States.  It is located at the northern intersection of Maryland routes 413 and 667. After the arrival of the Pennsylvania Railroad arm known as the "Eastern Shore Railroad" toward Crisfield in 1866, Marion was locally hailed as the "strawberry capital of the world". After the trains stopped coming it went into decline, with some sources even hailing it as a ghost town.
Kalah
Kalah is a modern variation in the ancient Mancala family of games. The Kalah board was first patented and sold in the United States by William Julius Champion, Jr. in the 1950s. This game is sometimes also called "Kalahari", possibly by false etymology from the Kalahari Desert in Namibia.

For most of its variations, Kalah is a solved game with a first-player win if both players play perfect games. The pie rule can be used to balance the first-player's advantage.

Solved game
A solved game is a game whose outcome (win, lose or draw) can be correctly predicted from any position, assuming that both players play perfectly. This concept is usually applied to abstract strategy games, and especially to games with full information and no element of chance; solving such a game may use combinatorial game theory or computer assistance.
Yanagi-no-Gosho
The Yanagi Palace (柳之御所, Yanagi-no-gosho) was the late Heian period palace complex of the Northern Fujiwara clan, the rulers of Hiraizumi,  in what is now southern Iwate Prefecture, Japan. It is protected by the central government as a National Historic Site.

Hiraizumi
Hiraizumi (平泉町, Hiraizumi-chō) is a town located in Nishiiwai District, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2020, the town had an estimated population of 7,408 and a population density of 120 inhabitants per square kilometre (310/sq mi) in 2,616 households. The total area of the town was 63.39 km2 (24.48 sq mi). It is noted for the Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi, which achieved UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2011.
Ommelanden
The Ommelanden (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔməˌlɑndə(n)]; Surrounding Lands) are the parts of the Dutch province of Groningen that surround Groningen city. Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression Stad en Ommeland ("city and surrounding lands").

The area was Frisian-speaking, but under the influence of the Saxon city of Groningen most of the area turned to speaking Low Saxon. A reminder of the Frisian past is the Ommelanden flag which looks a lot like the Frisian provincial flag but has more and narrower stripes and more red pompeblêden (stylised heart-shaped leaves of yellow water-lily).

The area is made up of the following four quarters:

Westerkwartier

Hunsingo

Fivelingo with Oldambt

Westerwolde

Fivelingo
Fivelingo or Fivelgo is a historical region and one of the Ommelanden (shires) in the province of Groningen. It was located southeast of Hunsingo, northeast of Gorecht, and northwest of Oldambt, and southwest of the Wadden Sea. Fivelingo was named after the historical river Fivel.
Rambla de Catalunya
Rambla de Catalunya (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈramblə ðə kətəˈluɲə]; Spanish: Rambla de Cataluña) is a major street in the Eixample district of central Barcelona, Spain. It is one of the city's trendiest streets, with many international fashion shops, and is lined with  lime trees.

The street stretches from Plaça de Catalunya to Avinguda Diagonal, a distance of some 1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi). It runs parallel to, and between, the Passeig de Gràcia and Carrer de Balmes. It can be seen as an extension into the Eixample of the famous La Rambla.

Eixample
The Eixample (Catalan: [əˈʃamplə] 'Expansion'; Spanish: Ensanche [enˈsantʃe]) is a district of Barcelona between the old city (Ciutat Vella) and what were once surrounding small towns (Sants, Gràcia, Sant Andreu, etc.), constructed in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Its population was 262,000 at the last census (2005).
Gurre kamilaroi
gurre kamilaroi or Kamilaroi Sayings is a manual of Biblical instruction for the Kamilaroi people in their own language, produced by William Ridley and published in Sydney in 1856.

Ridley wanted to make sure that the text was easy for those just learning to read. Majuscules were avoided, so that only one letter shape would have to be learnt. He represented the sound of "ng" with a single letter, ‹ŋ›, as it is a single sound. He insisted that the letters ‹g›, ‹h›, ‹r›, ‹w›, and ‹y› be called ge (as in get), he, re, we and ye, so that they would correspond better to the sound they represent.

Gamilaraay
The Gamilaroi, also known as Gomeroi, Kamilaroi, Kamillaroi, Gomilaroy and other variations, are an Aboriginal Australian people whose lands extend from New South Wales to southern Queensland. They form one of the four largest Indigenous nations in Australia.
Amritpur, Nepal
Amritpur is a village and former Village Development Committee (Nepal) that is now part of Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan City in Dang Deokhuri District in Lumbini Province of south-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9,680 persons living in 1725 individual households.

Tulsipur, Dang
Tulsipur is a Sub-Metropolitan City in Dang District of Lumbini Province of Nepal. It is the district's second most populous city after Ghorahi. It was established in 1992 by merging the former village development committees (VDCs) Tulsipur and Amritpur. In 2014, it was expanded with the addition of VDCs of Urahari, Tarigaun, Pawannagar and Halwar. At the 2011 Nepal census, it had a population of 141,528 people in 31,243 households.
Osaka University of Arts
Osaka University of Arts (大阪芸術大学, Ōsaka Geijutsu Daigaku) is a private arts university located in Kanan, Minamikawachi District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The university was founded in 1945 as Hirano English Cram School (平野英学塾, Hirano Eigakujuku), changing its name to Osaka School of the Fine Arts (大阪美術学校, Ōsaka Bijutsu Gakkō) in 1957, and then to Naniwa University of the Arts (浪速芸術大学, Naniwa Geijutsu Daigaku) in 1964. The university adopted the current name in 1966.

Kanan, Osaka
Kanan (河南町, Kanan-chō) is a town located in Minamikawachi District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2022, the town had an estimated population of  15,429 and a population density of 610 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 25.26 square kilometres (9.75 sq mi).
Mumbai Police (film)
Mumbai Police is a 2013 Indian Malayalam-language  neo-noir psychological thriller film written by Bobby–Sanjay and directed by Rosshan Andrrews. It stars Prithviraj Sukumaran, Jayasurya, and Rahman in the lead roles, along with Kunjan, Aparna Nair, Deepa Vijayan, and debutant Hima Davis in supporting roles. Shweta Menon and Riyaz Khan appear in guest roles. The film was remade into action thrillers in Telugu as Hunt (2023) by Mahesh Surapaneni and in Hindi as Deva (2025) by the director himself.

The film is produced by Nisad Haneefa and co-produced by Nivas Haneef and Niyas Haneefa. The background score was composed by Gopi Sundar and the cinematography was handled by G. Diwakaran. The film was edited by Mahesh Narayanan. Mumbai Police was completed filming in 56 days, when the original schedule was for 60 days. The budget was ₹5.75 crores. The Khaleej Times identified Mumbai Police as one of the "remarkable box-office success[es]" of 2013.

Hunt (2023 film)
Hunt  is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film directed by Mahesh Surapaneni. It stars Sudheer Babu, Srikanth, and Bharath. Produced by B. Madhu under Bhavya Creations Division banner, it is based on multiple true incidents that took place in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The film features music scored by Ghibran, with cinematography by Arul Vincent, and editing by Praveen Pudi.

It is a remake of the 2013 Malayalam film Mumbai Police. The film received mixed reviews from critics, and was a box office bomb.
The Octopus: A Story of California
The Octopus: A Story of California is a 1901 novel by Frank Norris and was the first part of an uncompleted trilogy, The Epic of the Wheat. It describes the wheat industry in California, and the conflicts between wheat growers and a railway company. Norris was inspired to write the novel by the Mussel Slough Tragedy involving the Southern Pacific Railroad. In the novel he depicts the tensions between the railroad, the ranchers and the ranchers' League. The book emphasized the control of "forces", such as the power of railroad monopolies, over individuals. Some editions of the work give the subtitle as A California Story.

The Epic of the Wheat
The Epic of the Wheat was a planned trilogy by American author Frank Norris. Two of the three works were published, but the third was not written at the time of Norris' death.

Following his 1899 success McTeague, Norris formulated his idea for a trilogy of novels on the topic of wheat, his Epic of the Wheat, from its growth in California in The Octopus, to its distribution via Chicago in his posthumously published 1903 work The Pit, to its consumption in a famished region of Europe in The Wolf. He had not begun writing The Wolf before his death.
Mark Cohen (surgeon)
Mark Cohen is a Canadian laser eye surgeon who practices in Montreal and Toronto. He is CEO and Co-Founder of Vision Group. In 2001, he and Avi Wallerstein founded LASIK MD, Canada's largest provider of laser refractive surgery. In 2010 LASIK MD performed over sixty percent of all laser vision correction procedures in Canada.

Avi Wallerstein
Avi Wallerstein is a Canadian ophthalmologist and laser eye surgeon who specializes in surgical vision correction, also termed refractive eye surgery. He practises in Montreal and Toronto. In 2001, he co-founded LASIK MD with Mark Cohen. LASIK MD is Canada's largest provider of laser refractive surgery, performing over 60,000 procedures a year. He is one of only 14 certified CLasik instructors in North America.
St Ninian's Centre, Crieff
The St Ninian's Centre (1960–2001) was a conference centre owned by the Church of Scotland which was located in Crieff, Perthshire, Scotland. It was converted from the former Crieff West Parish Church (Crieff West and Crieff North Parish Churches had united in 1957) and was extensively used for over 50 years as a training and conference venue by church groups, for both day visits and residential events. It closed in the 2000s and has since been converted to  private flats.

Crieff
Crieff (/kriːf/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Craoibh, meaning "tree") is a Scottish market town in Perth and Kinross on the A85 road between Perth and Crianlarich, and the A822 between Greenloaning and Aberfeldy. The A822 joins the A823 to Dunfermline. Crieff has become a hub for tourism, famous for whisky and its history of cattle droving. Attractions include the Caithness Glass Visitor Centre and Glenturret Distillery. The nearby Innerpeffray Library (founded about 1680) is Scotland's oldest lending library. St Mary's Chapel beside it dates from 1508. Both are open to the public: the library is run by a charitable trust; the chapel is in the care of Historic Scotland.
Han Chengkai
Han Chengkai (Chinese: 韩呈恺, born 29 January 1998) is a Chinese badminton player. He won the boys' doubles title at the 2016 Asian and World Junior Championships. Han also part of the Chinese team that won the 2019 Tong Yun Kai and Sudirman Cups. Together with his partner Zhou Haodong, he was awarded as the 2018 Most Promising Player of the Year by the BWF. He announced his retirement at the age of 23 after competed at the National Games on 13 September 2021.

Zhou Haodong
Zhou Haodong (Chinese: 周昊东, born 20 February 1998) is a Chinese badminton player. Together with his partner Han Chengkai, he was awarded as the 2018 Most Promising Player of the Year by the BWF. He helped the national team win the 2023 Asia Mixed Team Championships.
Aabybro Municipality
Until January 1, 2007 Aabybro Municipality was a municipality (Danish: kommune) in the former North Jutland County, on the south coast of the North Jutlandic Island, bordering the Limfjord. The municipality covered an area of 170.88 km2, and had a total population of 11,390 (2006). Its last mayor was Ole Lykkegaard Andersen, a member of the Venstre political party.

Aabybro Municipality bordered Brovst Municipality to the west, Pandrup and Brønderslev Municipality to the north and Aalborg Municipality to the east and south.

The municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen 2007 (the Municipality Reform of 2007). It was merged with the Brovst, Pandrup and Fjerritslev municipalities to form the new Jammerbugt municipality. The new municipality belongs to the North Jutland Region.

Brovst Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Brovst Municipality was a municipality (Danish: kommune) in the former North Jutland County, on the North Jutlandic Island, bordering the Limfjord to the south and the North Sea to the north. The municipality covered an area of 222.72 km2, and had a total population of 8,281 (2006). Its last mayor was Mogens Christian Gade, a member of the Venstre political party.

Brovst Municipality bordered Fjerritslev Municipality to the west, Pandrup Municipality to the north and Aabybro Municipality to the east.

The municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen 2007 (the Municipality Reform of 2007). It was merged with the Fjerritslev, Aabybro and Pandrup municipalities to form the new Jammerbugt municipality. The new municipality belongs to the North Jutland Region.
Department of Communications and the Arts
The Australian Department of Communications and the Arts was a department of the Government of Australia charged with responsibility for communications policy and programs and cultural affairs.

In December 2019, prime minister Scott Morrison announced that the department would be merged into a new "mega department", the new Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Communications. In response to criticism from the arts sector, Paul Fletcher, Minister for Communications and the Arts said that the merger was merely administrative and would not result in budget cuts.

Department of Communications (2013–2015)
The Australian Government Department of Communications was a department responsible for helping to develop a vibrant, sustainable and internationally competitive broadband, broadcasting and communications sector in Australia and promoting the digital economy.

The head of the department was the Secretary of the Department of Communications, Drew Clarke, who reported to Malcolm Turnbull, then the Minister for Communications.
Gujarati languages
The Gujarati languages are a Western Indo-Aryan language family, comprising Gujarati and those Indic languages closest to it. They are ultimately descended from Shauraseni Prakrit. It is the official language of Gujarat state as well as Diu, Daman and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Gujarati is the sixth most spoken language in India with more than 55 million speakers.

Numerous Gujarati languages are transitional between Gujarati and Sindhi. The precise relationship, if any exists, between Vaghri, the Bhil languages, Wagdi, Rajasthani, and Bagri, has not been presently elucidated.

Bhil languages
The Bhil languages are a group of lects spoken by the Bhil that are classified as dialects of Indo-Aryan languages such as Gujarati and Rajasthani. They are spoken by around 10.4 million Bhils in western and central India as of 2011 and constitute the primary languages of the southern Aravalli Range in Rajasthan and the western Satpura Range in Madhya Pradesh, northwestern Maharashtra, and southern Gujarat.

According to the 52nd report of the commissioner for linguistic minorities in India, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Bhili is the most commonly spoken language of the district of Dadra and Nagar Haveli constituting 40.42% of its total population. Bhili speakers are also significant in the states of Gujarat (4.75%), Madhya Pradesh (4.93%) and Rajasthan (4.60%).
St Matthew's Anglican Church, Windsor
St Matthew's Anglican Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church building located at Moses Street, Windsor, City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Francis Greenway and built from 1817 by convict labour. The property is owned by the Anglican Church Property Trust. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Windsor, New South Wales
Windsor is a historic town in north-western Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It is the council seat of the Hawkesbury local government area. The town sits on the Hawkesbury River, enveloped by farmland and Australian bush. Many of the oldest surviving European buildings in Australia are located at Windsor. It is 56 km (35 mi) north-west of the Sydney CBD, on the fringes of urban sprawl.
Bath salts (drug)
Bath salts (also called psychoactive bath salts, PABS) are a group of recreational designer drugs. The name derives from instances in which the drugs were disguised as bath salts. The white powder, granules or crystals often resemble Epsom salts, but differ chemically. The drugs' packaging often states "not for human consumption" in an attempt to circumvent drug prohibition laws. Additionally, they may be described as "plant food", "powdered cleaner" or other products.

Substituted cathinone
Substituted cathinones, or simply cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug.

Substituted cathinones act as monoamine releasing agents and/or monoamine reuptake inhibitors, including of norepinephrine, dopamine, and/or serotonin. In contrast to substituted amphetamines, most substituted cathinones do not act as agonists of the human trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). This may potentiate their stimulating and addictive effects. In addition, β-keto-substituted phenethylamines, such as βk-2C-B, appear to show dramatically reduced potency and efficacy as serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists compared to their non-β-keto-substituted counterparts.