hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beeston and Stapleford Urban District
Beeston and Stapleford was an urban district in Nottinghamshire, England, from 1935 to 1974.

It was created by a County Review Order.  Beeston had previously been part of Beeston Urban District itself, to which was added the entirety of the Stapleford Rural District, consisting of the parishes of Bramcote, Chilwell, Stapleford and Toton.  The urban district bordered the county borough of Nottingham in the north west, two disconnected parts of the Basford Rural District to the north and south, and to the west the South East Derbyshire Rural District and Long Eaton in Derbyshire.

The council built itself Beeston Town Hall on Foster Avenue in Beeston at a cost of £18,500 (equivalent to £1,492,100 in 2023) designed by the architectural firm of Evans, Clark and Woollatt which opened on 24 March 1938.

Since 1974 it has formed part of the Broxtowe borough.

Stapleford Rural District
Stapleford was a rural district in Nottinghamshire, England from 1894 to 1935.

It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 from part of the Shardlow rural sanitary district in Nottinghamshire, and consisted of the parishes of Bramcote, Chilwell, Stapleford and Toton.  Two other parishes of Shardlow RSD in Nottinghamshire (Ratcliffe on Soar and Kingston on Soar) were instead administered by Shardlow Rural District.

It was abolished in 1935 under a County Review Order, becoming part of the Beeston and Stapleford Urban District along with the former Beeston Urban District.
Karen (son of Phraates IV)
Karen (Parthian: 𐭊𐭓𐭍𐭉, Kārēn) was a Parthian prince, who is considered the eponymous founder of the House of Karen, one of the Seven Great Houses of Iran.

According to the 5th-century Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi, Karen was one of the sons of the Parthian king Phraates IV (r. 37 – 2 BC). Although the factuality of this statement has been the subject of debate, it is most likely valid. Due to the long history of the Parthians in Armenia, who had since the 1st-century under Tiridates I of Armenia established themselves in the country, Khorenatsi was most likely familiar with the lore of the local Parthian families in Armenia, such as the Kamsarakan, who were descendants of the House of Karen.

House of Karen
The House of Karen (Parthian: 𐭊𐭓𐭍𐭉, romanized: Kārēn; Middle Persian: Kārēn; New Persian: قارن, romanized: Qāran, or کارن, Kāran), also known as Karen-Pahlav (Kārēn-Pahlaw), was one of the Seven Great Houses of Iran during the rule of Parthian and Sasanian Empires. The seat of the dynasty was at Nahavand, about 65 km south of Ecbatana (present-day Hamadan, Iran). Members of the House of Karen were of notable rank in the administrative structure of the Sassanian empire in multiple periods of its four-century-long history.
Goodwood Stakes
The Goodwood Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old or older over the distance of one and one-eighth miles on the dirt, scheduled annually in September at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California.

Santa Anita Park
Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races, including both the Santa Anita Derby and the Santa Anita Handicap. It has also hosted the year-end Breeders' Cup races eleven times, more than any other racetrack. In 1984, Santa Anita was the site of equestrian events at the 1984 Olympics and will host once again in 2028. Since 2011, the Stronach Group are the current owners.
Hotel Mira
Hotel Mira (formerly known as JPNSGRLS, a disemvowelment of Japanese Girls) is a Canadian alternative rock band formed in Vancouver in 2010. It consists of Charlie Kerr on vocals, Mike Noble on bass, Clark Grieve on guitar and keyboards, and Cole George on drums.

The Zolas
The Zolas are a Canadian indie rock band based in Vancouver, signed to Light Organ Records. The band was formed by duo Zachary Gray (vocals/guitar) and Tom Dobrzanski (piano/keyboards/backing vocals), with various session musicians supporting them live and on record. The group has since expanded, adding Dwight Abell (bass/backing vocals) and Cody Hiles (drums/backing vocals) permanently to their lineup in 2015. In 2017, The Zolas received a Juno Award nomination for Group of the Year. Later that year, founding member Tom Dobrzanski left the band to spend time with his newborn child but is still occasionally involved with production. The trio were later joined by touring members Bronson Izzard (guitar) in 2019 and Elisa Kady Pangsaeng (samples, programming) in 2021.
William Rulofson
William Herman Rulofson (September 27, 1826 – November 2, 1878): 289  was a Canadian-American photographer, who along with his partner, H. W. Bradley, was considered one of the leading photographers in the city of San Francisco, California. He was also the brother of Edward H. Rulloff, a notorious murderer who was hanged for his crime in 1871.

Edward H. Rulloff
John Edward Howard Rulloff (also known as Ruloff, Rulofson, or Rulloffson, as well as several aliases; 1819/1820 – May 18, 1871) was a Canadian-born American medical doctor, lawyer, schoolmaster, photographer, inventor, carpet designer, phrenologist, and philologist, in addition to a career criminal and serial killer. This dichotomy was exemplified in the title of a 1871 biography, The Man of Two Lives!. He was also known as "The Genius Killer". Rulloff's brain is said to be among the largest on record.
Blancmange
Blancmange (/bləˈmɒnʒ/, from French: blanc-manger [blɑ̃mɑ̃ʒe], lit. 'white eat') is a sweet dessert popular throughout Europe commonly made with milk or cream, and sugar, thickened with rice flour, gelatin or corn starch, and often flavoured with almonds.

It is usually set in a mould and served cold. Although traditionally white, blancmanges are frequently given other colours.

Blancmange originated at some time during the Middle Ages from the older Middle Eastern muhallebi, and usually consisted of capon or chicken, milk or almond milk, rice, and sugar; it was considered to be an ideal food for the sick.

Similar desserts include Bavarian cream, Italian panna cotta, Turkish tavuk göğsü, Brazilian manjar branco, Chinese almond tofu, Hawai'ian haupia  and Puerto Rican tembleque.

Panna cotta
Panna cotta (Italian: [ˈpanna ˈkɔtta]; Piedmontese: panera cheuita, pronounced [paˈnera ˈkøjta]; lit. 'cooked cream') is an Italian dessert of sweetened cream thickened with gelatin and moulded. It may be flavoured with coffee, vanilla, or other flavours.
Yoshino Nanjō
Yoshino Nanjō (南條 愛乃, Nanjō Yoshino; born July 12, 1984) is a Japanese voice actress and singer. She is affiliated with Voice Kit. Among her most popular roles is Eli Ayase from Love Live! School Idol Project series. She became the lead singer of the Japanese pop and trance duo fripSide in 2009 until she announced in October 2021 her retirement from the music duo. Her nickname is Nanjolno.

Weiß Survive
Weiß Survive (ヴァイス・サヴァイヴ, Vaisu Savaivu) is a card battle manga and anime created by Bushiroad. The manga was drawn by Takuya Fujima and was serialized in Bushiroad's Bushiroad TCG Magazine. A 16-episode anime television series aired between June 5, 2009, and September 18, 2009, as a short segment on the live action television series Card Gakuen. A 12-episode sequel titled Weiß Survive R aired between December 4, 2009, and March 26, 2010, also on Card Gakuen. A manga adaptation of Weiß Survive R was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's Comp Ace. It was collected in a single tankōbon volume, released on October 26, 2010.

The series introduced the collectible card game Weiß Schwarz.
Ebeltoft
Ebeltoft is an old port town on the central east coast of Denmark with a population of 7,287 (1 January 2025). It is located in Syddjurs municipality in Region Midtjylland on the larger Djursland peninsula of Jutland.

Ebeltoft is known for its old town center with cobble-stoned streets and centuries-old half-timbered houses. Plans for the conservation of this peculiar environment, was initiated in the 1960s by the city council and the National Museum of Denmark. Apart from this overall old-village charm, Ebeltoft holds several other notable institutions such as Glasmuseet Ebeltoft, one of the world's first glass museums, Fregatten Jylland, the longest wooden warship in the world and the European Film College, offering short and long courses in film making, especially for young people.

Syddjurs Municipality
Syddjurs Municipality (Danish: Syddjurs Kommune) is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Region Midtjylland in Denmark just north of Aarhus and is a part of the Aarhus area. It covers an area of 696.7 km2 and has a  population of 44,101 (1 January 2025).

On 1 January 2007 Syddjurs municipality ("South Djursland") was created as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), consisting of the former municipalities of Ebeltoft, Midtdjurs, Rosenholm, and Rønde. The municipality covers most of southern Djursland, Skødshoved, Helgenæs, Mols and the Ebeltoft peninsula.

The municipality is part of Business Region Aarhus and of the East Jutland metropolitan area, which had a total population of 1.378 million in 2016.
Convex cone
In linear algebra, a cone—sometimes called a linear cone to distinguish it from other sorts of cones—is a subset of a real vector space that is closed under positive scalar multiplication; that is,  is a cone if  implies  for every positive scalar . This is a broad generalization of the standard cone in Euclidean space.

A convex cone is a cone that is also closed under addition, or, equivalently, a subset of a vector space that is closed under linear combinations with positive coefficients. It follows that convex cones are convex sets.

The definition of a convex cone makes sense in a vector space over any ordered field, although the field of real numbers is used most often.

Linear combination
In mathematics, a linear combination or superposition is an expression constructed from a set of terms by multiplying each term by a constant and adding the results (e.g. a linear combination of x and y would be any expression of the form ax + by, where a and b are constants). The concept of linear combinations is central to linear algebra and related fields of mathematics. Most of this article deals with linear combinations in the context of a vector space over a field, with some generalizations given at the end of the article.
Crash Override (book)
Crash Override: How Gamergate (Nearly) Destroyed My Life, and How We Can Win the Fight Against Online Hate is a memoir by indie video game developer Zoë Quinn about their experiences as the target of Gamergate and in countering online abuse.

Zoë Quinn
Zoë Tiberius Quinn (born 1987) is an American video game developer, programmer, and writer. Quinn developed the interactive fiction game Depression Quest, which was released in 2013. In 2014, a blog post by their ex-boyfriend sparked the online harassment campaign known as Gamergate, during which Quinn was subjected to extensive harassment including doxing, rape threats, and death threats. The following year, Quinn co-founded Crash Override, a crisis hotline and resource center for victims of online harassment.
Sokumvatnet
Sokumvatnet (Norwegian) or Såhkamjávrre (Lule Sami) is a lake that lies in Gildeskål Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. Sokumvatnet is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of the village of Inndyr. It lies just south of the lake Litle Sokumvatnet and northeast of the lake Langvatnet. The lake serves as a reservoir for the Sundsfjord Hydroelectric Power Station.

Gildeskål Municipality
Gildeskål is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Bodø Region and the traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Inndyr. Other villages include Forstranda, Lekanger, Mevik, Mårnes, Nygårdsjøen, Saura, Storvik, Sør-Arnøy, Sørfinnset, and Våg.

The 665-square-kilometre (257 sq mi) municipality is the 170th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Gildeskål Municipality is the 285th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,958. The municipality's population density is 2.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.5/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Fox Range
The Fox Range is a mountain range in east central Washoe County, Nevada.

Gerlach, Black Rock Desert and the Granite Range lie to the north and northeast.  The Selenite Range is to the east beyond the San Emidio Desert and Poito Valley. The Lake Range lies to the southeast and Pyramid Lake is to the south.  The Smoke Creek Desert is to the west. The Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation occupies the southern third of the range.

Selenite Range
The Selenite Range is a mountain range in western Pershing County, Nevada. The range is a north–south trending feature approximately 27 miles (43 km) long and 4 miles (6.4 km) wide.

The Fox Range lies to the west across the San Emidio Desert valley and the south end of the Black Rock Desert playa. Gerlach and Empire are two communities on the foothills and just to the northwest of the range. These communities supported the gypsum mines in the range during their active period. The large Empire gypsum quarry lies just west of Luxor Peak at 40° 30' N; 119° 18' W just 1.2 mi (1.9 km) northwest of Kumiva Peak. The range was named for deposits of selenite, a variety of gypsum.

Named Peaks in the range from north to south include: Selenite Peak, 7,115 ft (2,169 m); Luxor Peak, 7,420 ft (2,260 m); Kumiva Peak, 8,238 ft (2,511 m); Purgatory Peak, 7,417 ft (2,261 m); and Mt. Limbo, 7,312 ft (2,229 m).
John I of Lüben
John I, Duke of Lüben (1425 – after 21 November 1453), was a ruler of Lüben (Lubin) during 1441–1446 with his brother, as co-rulers, Haynau (Chojnów) since 1452, Brieg (Brzeg) and Goldberg (Złotoryja) during 1449–1450 with his brother, as co-rulers.

He was the eldest son of Louis III, Duke of Ohlau-Lüben-Haynau, by his wife Margaret, daughter of Duke Bolko IV of Oppeln.

Louis II of Brieg
Louis II of Brieg; (1380/85 – 30 May 1436), was a Duke of Brzeg (Brieg) from 1399 (until 1400 with his older brother as a co-ruler) and Duke of Legnica from 1413.

He was the second son of Henry VII with a Scar, Duke of Brzeg, but the eldest born by his second wife Margaret, daughter of Siemowit III, Duke of Masovia.
Carthaginian II
Carthaginian II was a steel-hulled brig outfitted as a whaler, which served as a symbol of that industry in the harbor of the former whaling town Lahaina on the Hawaiian island of Maui. She replaced the original Carthaginian, a schooner converted into a barque to resemble a period whaler, which had initiated the role of museum ship there in 1967.

Carthaginian II was built in Germany as a schooner in 1920 and christened as Mary. She was brought to Maui in 1973, re-rigged, and served as a whaling museum until 2005, and after being sunk to create an artificial reef, now serves as a diving destination.

Lahaina, Hawaii
Lahaina (/ləˈhaɪnə/; Hawaiian: [ləˈhɐjnə]) or Lāhainā is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, United States. On the northwest coast of the island of Maui, it encompasses Lahaina town and the Kāʻanapali and Kapalua beach resorts. At the 2020 census (before the 2023 wildfire), Lahaina had a resident population of 12,702. The CDP spans the coast along Hawaii Route 30 from a tunnel at the south end, through Olowalu, and to the CDPs of Kaanapali and Napili-Honokowai to the north.

A series of wildfires destroyed approximately 80% of Lahaina in 2023, resulting in the deaths of 102 people.
Minkowski's theorem
In mathematics, Minkowski's theorem is the statement that every convex set in  which is symmetric with respect to the origin and which has volume greater than  contains a non-zero integer point (meaning a point in  that is not the origin). The theorem was proved by Hermann Minkowski in 1889 and became the foundation of the branch of number theory called the geometry of numbers. It can be extended from the integers to any lattice  and to any symmetric convex set with volume greater than , where  denotes the covolume of the lattice (the absolute value of the determinant of any of its bases).

Hermite constant
In mathematics, the Hermite constant, named after Charles Hermite, determines how long a shortest element of a lattice in Euclidean space can be.

The constant  for integers  is defined as follows.  For a lattice  in Euclidean space  with unit covolume, i.e. , let  denote the least length of a nonzero element of .  Then  is the maximum of  over all such lattices .

The square root in the definition of the Hermite constant is a matter of historical convention.

Alternatively, the Hermite constant  can be defined as the square of the maximal systole of a flat -dimensional torus of unit volume.
Lewes Downs
Lewes Downs is a 165-hectare (410-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Lewes in East Sussex. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and a Special Area of Conservation. Part of it is a national nature reserve, part is Malling Down nature reserve, which is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust, and part is Mount Caburn, an Iron Age hill fort which is a Scheduled Monument.

This south-facing slope on the South Downs is ecologically rich chalk grassland and scrub. Flora include the nationally rare early-spider orchid and it also has a diverse invertebrate fauna and an important breeding community of downland birds.

Mount Caburn
East Sussex portal

Mount Caburn is a 150-metre (492 ft) prominent landmark in East Sussex, England, about one mile (1.6 km) east of Lewes overlooking the village of Glynde.  It is the highest part of an outlier of the South Downs, separated from the main range by Glynde Reach, a tributary of the River Ouse.
There you go again
"There you go again" was a phrase spoken during the second United States presidential debate of 1980 by Republican presidential candidate Ronald Reagan to his Democratic opponent, incumbent President Jimmy Carter. Reagan would use the line in a few debates over the years, always in a way intended to disarm his opponent.

"There you go again" emerged as a defining phrase of the 1980 presidential election. The phrase has endured in the political lexicon in news headlines, as a way to quickly imply that an opponent is engaged in hyperbole or even hysterical comments.

1980 United States presidential debates
The 1980 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 1980 presidential election.

The League of Women Voters sponsored two presidential debates: the first on September 21, and the second on October 28. The second presidential debate is the second most-watched debate in American history. Republican nominee Ronald Reagan participated in both debates. Independent candidate John B. Anderson only participated in the first presidential debate, while Democratic nominee Jimmy Carter only participated in the second presidential debate.

No vice presidential debate was held in 1980. Anderson's running mate Patrick Lucey was the only one who agreed to participate, while Carter's running mate Walter Mondale and Reagan's running mate George H. W. Bush both refused.
Teynham
Teynham (/ˈtɛnəm/ TEN-əm) is a small village and civil parish in the borough of Swale in Kent, England. The parish lies between the towns of Sittingbourne and Faversham, immediately north of the A2 road, and includes the hamlet of Conyer on an inlet of the Swale, the channel that separates mainland Kent from the Isle of Sheppey. Other hamlets include Deerton Street, Frognal, and Teynham Street.

The village has a railway station, served by Southeastern trains running between London Victoria and Dover.

Conyer
Conyer is a hamlet within Teynham civil parish in the borough of Swale in Kent, England. It is located around one mile north of the village of Teynham, and at the head of Conyer Creek, which flows into the Swale to the north. The Saxon Shore Way and National Cycle Route 1 pass through the hamlet.

Amenities in Conyer include a pub and a marina.
Bishops in Methodism
A bishop is a senior role in many Methodist denominations. The bishop's role is typically called the "episcopacy", based on the Greek word episkopos (επισκοπος), which literally means overseer. Superintendent is another translation of episkopos but in most Methodist denominations this is a role distinct from bishop. The first Methodist bishops were appointed in America, and many Methodist denominations, such as the Free Methodist Church, recognize the office of bishop. Others, such as the Methodist Church of Great Britain, do not have bishops.

Francis Asbury
Francis Asbury (August 20 or 21, 1745 – March 31, 1816) was a British-American Methodist minister who became one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. During his 45 years in the colonies and the newly independent United States, he devoted his life to ministry, traveling on horseback and by carriage thousands of miles to those living on the frontier.

Asbury spread Methodism in British colonial America and the United States as part of the Second Great Awakening. He also founded several schools during his lifetime, although his own formal education was limited. His journal is valuable to scholars for its account of frontier society, with references to many towns and villages in Colonial America.  Along with John and Charles Wesley, Asbury is often celebrated as one of the founders of the Methodist Church in the USA.
Customs House Museum
Customs House Museum is a heritage-listed former detached house and now museum at 1 McLean Street, Goondiwindi, Goondiwindi Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1860s circa to 1900s circa. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Goondiwindi
Goondiwindi (/ɡʊndəˈwɪndi/) is a rural town and locality in the Goondiwindi Region, Queensland, Australia. It is on the border of Queensland and New South Wales. In the 2021 census, the locality of Goondiwindi had a population of 6,230.
G36 Nanjing–Luoyang Expressway
The Nanjing–Luoyang Expressway (Chinese: 南京—洛阳高速公路), designated as G36 and commonly referred to as the Ningluo Expressway (Chinese: 宁洛高速公路) is an expressway that connects the cities of Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, and Luoyang, Henan. It is 1,354.7 km (841.8 mi) in length.

The expressway was fully completed on 30 September 2006. It passes through the following cities:

Nanjing, Jiangsu

Bengbu, Anhui

Fuyang, Anhui

Zhoukou, Henan

Pingdingshan, Henan

Luoyang, Henan

Fuyang
Fuyang (simplified Chinese: 阜阳; traditional Chinese: 阜陽; pinyin: Fùyángⓘ, previously romanized as Fowyang) is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Anhui province, China. It is bordered by Henan province to the west and the cities of Bozhou to the northeast, Huainan to the southeast, and Lu'an to the south.

Its population was 8,200,264 inhabitants at the 2020 census whom 2,128,538 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of 3 urban districts Yingzhou, Yingdong and Yingquan.