hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ambroise Paré
Ambroise Paré (French: [ɑ̃bʁwaz paʁe]; c. 1510 – 20 December 1590) was a French barber surgeon who served in that role for kings Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III. He is considered one of the fathers of surgery and modern forensic pathology and a pioneer in surgical techniques and battlefield medicine, especially in the treatment of wounds. He was also an anatomist, invented several surgical instruments, and was a member of the Parisian barber surgeon guild.

In his personal notes about the care he delivered to Captain Rat, in the Piémont campaign (1537–1538), Paré wrote: Je le pansai, Dieu le guérit ("I bandaged him and God healed him"). This epitomises a philosophy that he used throughout his career. These words, inscribed on his statue in Laval, are reminiscent of the Latin adage medicus curat, natura sanat, "The physician cures, nature heals".

Medicus curat, natura sanat
Medicus curat, natura sanat is an old aphorism in Latin which means that the physician treats while nature heals.

Variations in Latin include natura sanat, medicus curat morbus and there are equivalents in other languages such as Benjamin Franklin's sarcastic "God heals, and the Doctor takes the Fees" and Ambroise Paré's "Je le pansai, Dieu le guérit."  The phrase was used in medieval times and the idea has been traced back to classical authors such as Galen and Aristotle.

Georg Groddeck made an acronym of the phrase which he used as the title of his 1913 book, Nasamecu.
Madagascar spiny forests
The Madagascar spiny forests (also known as the Madagascar spiny thickets) is an ecoregion in the southwest of Madagascar. The vegetation type is found on poor substrates with low, erratic winter rainfall. The ecoregion contains an outstanding proportion of endemic plant species and is listed as one of the 200 most important ecological regions in the world; one of the Global 200.

Global 200
The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the global conservation organization, as priorities for conservation. According to WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species dynamics, and environmental conditions". For example, based on their levels of endemism, Madagascar gets multiple listings, ancient Lake Baikal gets one, and the North American Great Lakes get none.

The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.
Franz Lisp
In computer programming, Franz Lisp is a discontinued Lisp programming language system written at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, UCB) by Professor Richard Fateman and several students, based largely on Maclisp and distributed with the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX minicomputer. Piggybacking on the popularity of the BSD package, Franz Lisp was probably the most widely distributed and used Lisp system of the 1970s and 1980s.

The name is a pun on the composer and pianist Franz Liszt.

It was written specifically to be a host for running the Macsyma computer algebra system on VAX. The project began at the end of 1978, soon after UC Berkeley took delivery of their first VAX 11/780 (named Ernie CoVax, after Ernie Kovacs, the first of many systems with pun names at UCB). Franz Lisp was available free of charge to educational sites, and was also distributed on Eunice, a Berkeley Unix emulator that ran on VAX VMS.

Macsyma
Macsyma (/ˈmæksɪmə/; "Project MAC's SYmbolic MAnipulator") is one of the oldest general-purpose computer algebra systems  still in wide use. It was originally developed from 1968 to 1982 at MIT's Project MAC.

In 1982, Macsyma was licensed to Symbolics and became a commercial product. In 1992, Symbolics Macsyma was spun off to Macsyma, Inc., which continued to develop Macsyma until 1999. That version is still available for Microsoft's Windows XP operating system.

The 1982 version of MIT Macsyma remained available to academics and US government agencies, and it is distributed by the US Department of Energy (DOE). That version, DOE Macsyma, was maintained by Bill Schelter. Under the name of Maxima, it was released under the GPL in 1999, and remains under active maintenance.
Prosser Creek Dam
Prosser Creek Dam (National ID # CA10179) is a dam in Nevada County, California.

The earthen and rockfill dam was constructed from 1959 to 1962 by the United States Bureau of Reclamation with a height of 163 feet (50 m) feet and a crest length of 1,830 feet (560 m).  It impounds Prosser Creek (a tributary of the Truckee River) for irrigation storage and winter and spring flood control, part of the Bureau's larger Washoe Project in the Tahoe region.  The dam is owned and operated by the Bureau.

The reservoir it creates, Prosser Creek Reservoir, has a water surface of about 750 acres (300 ha), a shoreline of approximately 11 miles (18 km), and has a capacity of 29,800 acre-feet (36,800,000 m3).  Recreation includes fishing (for rainbow and brown trout), boating, camping, hunting, and hiking.

Truckee River
The Truckee River is a river in the U.S. states of California and Nevada. The river flows northeasterly and is 121 miles (195 km) long. The Truckee is the sole outlet of Lake Tahoe and drains part of the high Sierra Nevada, emptying into Pyramid Lake in the Great Basin. Its waters are an important source of irrigation along its valley and adjacent valleys.
Solakrossen
Solakrossen or Sola is the administrative center of Sola municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located at the south end of the Hafrsfjorden on the Stavanger Peninsula, just northwest of the city of Sandnes.  The large Stavanger Airport, Sola is located on the west side of the village.  The village of Sørnes lies just to the north. Sola Church lies on the far western edge of Solakrossen. The population of Solakrossen is about 10,000, but the population is not separately tracked since it is part of the Stavanger/Sandnes urban area. The newspaper Solabladet has been published in Solakrossen since 1991. It is published in a paper edition on Thursdays and online every day.

Rogaland
Rogaland (Norwegian: [ˈrûːɡɑlɑn] ⓘ) is a county in Western Norway, bordering the North Sea to the west and the counties of Vestland to the north, Telemark to the east and Agder to the east and southeast. As of 1 January 2024, it had a population of 499,417 people.

The administrative centre of the county is the city of Stavanger, which is the third largest city in Norway.
Kadrina
Kadrina German: Sankt Katharinen) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Lääne-Viru County, northern Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Kadrina Parish. Kadrina is located in the crossing point of Tallinn–Saint Petersburg (Tallinn–Narva) railway, Pärnu–Rakvere road (nr. 5) and the Loobu River. The nearest towns are Rakvere (12 km east) and Tapa (12 km southwest).

As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 2,269.

The name of Kadrina is derived from the St. Catherine's church and parish which establishment dates back to 1231. Earlier name of the settlement was Tõrvestevere (German: Tristfer).

The development from a village to larger settlement began after the Tallinn–Saint Petersburg railway was built and Kadrina railway station was established in 1870. A school was opened in 1902.

Loobu (river)
The Loobu is a river in northern Estonia. Its source is about 12 km southwest of Rakvere in Lääne-Viru County and it drains into Eru Bay (part of Finnish Gulf) near the village of Vihasoo in Lahemaa National Park.

Its drainage basin is rather small and narrow. The Loobu lacks any major tributaries.

At Joaveski, 10 km upstream from its mouth, the Loobu flows over the Baltic Klint, forming Joaveski Falls.

Kadrina (population: 2,600) is the only significant settlement on the river.
Live Johnny Winter And
Live Johnny Winter And is an album by Johnny Winter, recorded with his group Johnny Winter And live during the fall of 1970 at the Fillmore East in New York City and at Pirates World in Dania, Florida.  It was released in March 1971.

Besides Winter, the group included guitarist Rick Derringer and bassist Randy Jo Hobbs, both former members of the McCoys, and drummer Bobby Caldwell. (Caldwell had replaced ex-McCoy Randy Zehringer after the group recorded their self-titled studio album a few months earlier).

The McCoys
The McCoys were an American rock group formed in Fort Recovery, Ohio in 1962. They are best known for their 1965 hit single "Hang On Sloopy". Originally named Rick and the Raiders, they changed their name to "The McCoys" from the B-side of The Ventures' hit record "Walk, Don't Run" titled "The McCoy".
Huchuy Qosqo
Huchuy Qosqo, (also spelled Yuchuy Cuzco), is an Incan archaeological site north of Cuzco, Peru. Its name is Quechua for "Little Cuzco."  It lies at an elevation of 3,650 meters (11,980 feet), overlooking the Sacred Valley and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west and above the town of Lamay at an elevation of 2,920 metres (9,580 ft). The site received its name in the 20th century; previously it had been known as Caquia Xaquixaguana (alternative spelling Kakya Shakishawana), or Kakya Qawani.

Huchuy Qosqo or Kakya Qawani, as it was known by the Incas, was probably established as a royal estate by the Inca Emperor Viracocha about 1420 CE.

Viracocha Inca
Viracocha Inca (Quechua, the name of a god) or Viracocha (in hispanicized spelling) (c. 1410 – 1438) was the eighth Sapa Inka of the Kingdom of Cuzco (beginning around 1410) and the third of the Hanan dynasty.
Staffarda Abbey
Staffarda Abbey (Abbazia Santa Maria di Staffarda) is a Cistercian monastery  located near Saluzzo in north-west Italy; it was founded as a daughter house of Tiglieto Abbey in 1135 by Manfred I, Marquis of Saluzzo. The abbey became an important local centre for agriculture and held a flourishing market. It was placed in commendam to the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus in 1750.

A portrait of Cesare Alessandro Scaglia di Verrua, abbot of Staffarda, painted by Antony van Dyck in about 1634, is now in the National Gallery in London.

An important musical manuscript, the Codex Staffarda, dating to the 1480s or 1490s and containing reference to the commendatory abbot Brixianus Taparelli, is now in the National University Library of Turin. It includes polyphonic works by Renaissance composers such as Jacob Obrecht and Antoine Brumel, as well as the earliest surviving example of a polyphonic Dies Irae by an otherwise unknown composer, Engarandus Juvenis.

Codice di Staffarda
The Codice di Staffarda (I-Tn MS Ris.mus I. 27) is a musical codex from Staffarda Abbey (Santa Maria di Staffarda), a Cistercian monastery located near Saluzzo in north-west Italy, presently in the Biblioteca Nazionale Universitaria, Turin. The codex includes works by composers including the otherwise unknown Engarandus Juvenis and Antoine Brumel. In all, there are 48 pieces in the manuscript, including eight masses, eleven Magnificat settings, fourteen motets of various types and twelve chansons. The composers of only nineteen of these works have been identified, mostly by comparison with other sources.
Rabi Ghosh
Robi Ghosh (Bengali: রবি ঘোষ; 24 November 1931 – 4 February 1997) was an Indian actor known for his work in Bengali cinema. He is known for his comic appeal, though his versatile acting talent brought him success in various kinds of roles. He is probably one of the earliest character actors of Bengali cinema who focused mainly on method acting. Megastar in Bengali film Industry. He participated in the Berlin Film Festival as the lead actor of Goopi Gyne Bagha Byne in the role of Bagha Byne, which was one of his most memorable roles. Thereafter, he was a regular member of Satyajit Ray films over the years. Till date, he is remembered for his comic roles in different movies. Robi Ghosh was a renowned actor in Bengali theatre and TV as well. He also played a character, Badridas, in the episode Amrit ki Maut in Byomkesh Bakshi (TV series), broadcast by Doordarshan.

Days and Nights in the Forest
Days and Nights in the Forest (Bengali: Araṇyēra Dinarātri) is a 1970 Indian Bengali language adventure drama film by Satyajit Ray based on the novel of the same name by Sunil Gangopadhyay. It employs the literary technique of the carnivalesque. The film was nominated for the Golden Bear for Best Film at the 20th Berlin International Film Festival. A sequel Abar Aranye directed by Goutam Ghose was released in 2003.

The film was shown at the New York Film Festival in 1970 and received a standing ovation.
Ka'dar Hollman
Ka’dar Chaz Hollman (born September 18, 1994) is an American professional football cornerback. He played college football for the Toledo Rockets. He was selected in the sixth round of the 2019 NFL draft to the Green Bay Packers. He also played for the New Orleans Saints, New York Giants, San Francisco 49ers, Miami Dolphins, and Atlanta Falcons.

Hollman graduated from Burlington Township High School in 2013 and did a post-graduate year at Milford Academy in an effort to earn the SAT scores he needed for college.

Burlington Township High School
Burlington Township High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from Burlington Township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Burlington Township School District.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,118 students and 99.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.2:1. There were 291 students (26.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 61 (5.5% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Isbul Point
Isbul Point (Bulgarian: нос Исбул, ‘Nos Isbul’ \'nos is-'bul\) is a narrow rocky point projecting 600 m from the coast of Ray Promontory into Svishtov Cove in the northwest extremity of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.   It is situated 750 m east-northeast of Start Point, 1.46 km southwest of Essex Point and 1.23 km west-southwest of Kardzhali Point.  Forming the east side of the entrance to Belene Cove.

The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, situated in one of its restricted zones.

The point is named after Kavhan Isbul, a prominent military commander, diplomat, and Regent of Bulgaria during the minorities of Khan Malamir and Khan Presian (9th Century AD).

Isbul
Isbul (Bulgarian: Исбул) (fl. 820s–830s) was the kavhan, or first minister, of the First Bulgarian Empire during the reigns of Omurtag, Malamir and Presian I. Appointed to the kavhan office under Omurtag, Isbul was a regent or co-ruler of the underage Malamir and his successor Presian.

Under Malamir and Presian, Isbul headed Bulgaria's successful campaigns against the Byzantines in southern Thrace and eastern Macedonia, which led to a significant territorial expansion of the Bulgarian realm. As a co-ruler of Malamir, Isbul also financed the construction of a water conduit in the capital Pliska. As second-in-command, Isbul held enormous power and wealth, and was unusually often mentioned beside the name of the ruler in inscriptions. Due to his merits, Isbul has been described as an architect of medieval Bulgarian statehood by historians.
Lewis-Palmer High School
Lewis-Palmer High School (LPHS) is a public high school in Monument, Colorado. It is one of only three high schools in the Lewis-Palmer School District 38, the others being Palmer Ridge High School and Monument Academy High School.

Lewis-Palmer School District 38
The Lewis-Palmer School District (LPSD) is a school district in El Paso County, Colorado that serves the Tri-Lakes communities of Monument, Palmer Lake, Woodmoor and select areas of Colorado Springs.

Lewis-Palmer School District is home to Colorado's largest public geothermal project, Palmer Ridge High School.

The district was "Accredited with Distinction" by the State of Colorado in 2010, recognizing that it is within the top 7% of Colorado school districts.

Like many American school systems, LPSD enforces zero-tolerance policies.

The Inez Johnson Lewis School in Monument is on the List of Registered Historic Places in Colorado.
Quantum sensor
Within quantum technology, a quantum sensor utilizes quantum mechanical phenomena, such as quantum superposition, quantum entanglement, and quantum squeezing, to measure things. If a quantum system is measurable, and it interacts with its environment in a known way, then measurements of that system can provide information about its environment. Theoretically such sensor technology would have precision limited only by the uncertainty principle.
The field of quantum sensing deals with the design and engineering of quantum mechanical systems and measurements with potential for better performance than any classical strategy in a number of technological applications. Of the wide range of quantum mechanical systems that can be used as a quantum sensor, most can be classified as photonic systems or solid state systems.

Quantum engineering
Quantum engineering is the development of technology that capitalizes on the laws of quantum mechanics. This type of engineering uses quantum mechanics to develop technologies such as quantum sensors and quantum computers.
Herman Veenstra
Herman Alex Veenstra (11 October 1911 in Poerworedjo, Dutch East Indies – 23 April 2004 in Diemen) was a Dutch water polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Dutch team which finished fifth in the 1936 tournament. He played five matches as goalkeeper.

Purworejo Regency
Purworejo is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten; Javanese: ꦥꦸꦂꦮꦉꦗ, romanized: Purwareja) in the southern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,081.45 km2 and had a population of 695,427 at the 2010 Census and 769,880 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 795,033 (comprising 398,135 males and 396,898 females). Its capital is the town of Purworejo.
Richland Township, Vernon County, Missouri
Richland Township is a township in Vernon County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

Richland Township was erected in 1855. Some say the township was so named on account of their fertile soil, while others believe the name is a transfer from Richland County, Ohio.

Vernon County, Missouri
Vernon County is a county located in the western region of the U.S. state of Missouri, on the border with Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,707. Its county seat is Nevada. The county was organized on February 27, 1855, considerably later than counties in the eastern part of the state. It was named for Colonel Miles Vernon (1786–1867), a state senator and veteran of the Battle of New Orleans. This area was part of the large historic territory of the Osage Nation of Native Americans.
With Byrd at the South Pole
With Byrd at the South Pole (1930) is a part-talkie documentary film about Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd and his first expedition to the South Pole beginning at the Little America-Exploration Base. In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. The dialogue sequences consist mainly of narration by Floyd Gibbons.

The film won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography at the 3rd Academy Awards. It was the first documentary to win any Oscar and is the only one to win cinematography.

Floyd Gibbons
Floyd Phillips Gibbons (July 16, 1887 – September 23, 1939) was the war correspondent for the Chicago Tribune during World War I. One of radio's first news reporters and commentators, he was famous for a fast-talking delivery style. Floyd Gibbons lived a life of danger of which he often wrote and spoke.
Jacob Wolf House
The Jacob Wolf House is a historic house on Arkansas Highway 5 in Norfork, Arkansas.  It is a log structure, built in 1825 by Jacob Wolf, the first documented white settler of the area.  Architecturally it's a "saddle bag", which is a two-story dog trot with the second floor built over the open breezeway.  A two-story porch extends on one facade, with an outside stair giving access to the upper floor rooms.  The building's original chinking has been replaced by modern mortaring.  It is maintained by the Department of Arkansas Heritage as a historic house museum.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Dogtrot house
The dogtrot, also known as a breezeway house, dog-run, or possum-trot, is a style of house that was common throughout the Southeastern United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Some theories place its origins in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Some scholars believe the style developed in the post-Revolution frontiers of Kentucky and Tennessee. Others note its presence in the South Carolina Lowcountry from an early period. The main style point was a large breezeway (instead of a hallway) through the center of the house to cool occupants in the hot southern climate.

Architects continue to design variants of dogtrot houses using modern materials.
St. George's Basilica, Prague
St. George's Basilica (Czech: Bazilika sv. Jiří) is the oldest surviving church building within Prague Castle, Prague, Czech Republic. The basilica was founded by Vratislaus I of Bohemia in 920. It is dedicated to Saint George. Primarily Romanesque in style, it is part of the collection of buildings that comprise the castle, the political capital of the nation, and the spiritual center of the Czech state.

Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia
Wenceslaus I (Czech: Václav [ˈvaːtslaf] ⓘ; c. 907 – 28 September 935), Wenceslas I or Václav the Good was the Prince (kníže) of Bohemia from 921 until his death, probably in 935.  According to the legend, he was assassinated by his younger brother, Boleslaus the Cruel.

His martyrdom and the popularity of several biographies gave rise to a reputation for heroic virtue that resulted in his sainthood. He was posthumously declared to be a king and patron saint of the Czech state. He is the subject of the well-known "Good King Wenceslas", a carol for Saint Stephen's Day.
Nassau Bay, Texas
Nassau Bay is a city in Harris County, Texas, United States, bordering the outermost southeastern edge of the city of Houston. It is located in the Clear Lake Area near Galveston Bay, directly adjacent to the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The population was 5,347 at the 2020 census.

Harris County, Texas
Harris County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,731,145, and was estimated to be 5,009,302 in 2024, making it the most populous county in Texas and the third-most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Houston, the most populous city in Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. The county was founded on December 22, 1836 and organized on March 10, 1837. It is named for John Richardson Harris, who founded the town of Harrisburg on Buffalo Bayou in 1826. It contains over 16% of the state's population. Harris County is included in the nine-county Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area, which is the fifth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States.