hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ptycholepis
Ptycholepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish having the head and opercular bones ornamented with ridges of ganoin, minute teeth, and thick scales (which are much longer than deep and are grooved longitudinally on the outer side).

Ptycholepis belongs to the family Ptycholepidae (= Boreosomidae/Chungkingichthyidae). Other genera of this family are Acrorhabdus (Spitsbergen, Early Triassic), Ardoreosomus (Nevada, United States; Early Triassic), Boreosomus (global, Early Triassic), Chungkingichthys (China, Early Triassic) and Yuchoulepis (China, Early Triassic). A typical feature of this family is the dorsal fin, which inserts at the level of the pelvic fins in the front part of the body. Other characters include the striated skull bones and scales, and the small teeth.

Ptycholepis bollensis

Ptycholepis bollensis

Ptycholepis sp.

Life restoration

Ardoreosomus
Ardoreosomus (meaning: "tropical body") is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish. It was described from the Induan aged Candelaria Formation of Nevada, United States, which was located near the equator during the Early Triassic epoch. It contains only one species, A. occidentalis (monotypy).

Ardoreosomus is a ptycholepiform, closely resembling Boreosomus and Ptycholepis; however, Ardoreosomus is distinguished from other ptycholepiforms in having a more strongly angled hyomandibula and lacking an opercular process, among other features.
The International (esports)
The International (TI) is an annual esports world championship for the five-on-five video game Dota 2. Produced by the game's developer Valve, it serves as the culminating event of the professional Dota 2 season and currently features 16 teams. The International was first held in Germany at the 2011 Gamescom to promote the game's release. It was then held in Seattle, where Valve is headquartered, until it began to be hosted internationally again starting with The International 2018 in Vancouver.

The tournament's prize pool has been crowdfunded via transactions within the game since 2013, with a quarter of all revenue from it directly going towards it. Internationals have the largest single-tournament prize pool of any esport event, with its largest reaching US$40 million in 2021. The most recent champion is Team Falcons, who won The International 2025, with OG, Team Spirit, and Team Liquid each having won two Internationals since its inception.

Battle pass
In the video game industry, a battle pass or rewards track is a type of monetization approach that provides additional content for a game usually through a tiered system, rewarding the player with in-game items for playing the game and completing specific challenges. Inspired by the season pass ticketing system and originating with Dota 2 in 2013, the battle pass model gained more use as an alternative to subscription fees and loot boxes beginning in the late 2010s. Battle passes tend to offer free passes, which are available to all users, and premium passes that require annual or seasonal charges in exchange for enhanced items and cosmetics.

Battle passes may be given different terms depending on the game. For example, Rocket League and PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds offer a "Rocket Pass" and "Survivor Pass" respectively.
Susie Fishbein
Susan Beth Fishbein (born 1968) is an American Orthodox Jewish kosher cookbook author, cooking teacher, and culinary tour leader. Her Kosher By Design series of cookbooks was a runaway best-seller for ArtScroll, with over 500,000 copies sold. In 2008 she was included on the Forward 50 as one of the 50 most influential Jews.

ArtScroll
ArtScroll is an imprint of translations, books and commentaries from an Orthodox Jewish perspective published by Mesorah Publications, Ltd., a publishing company based in Rahway, New Jersey. Rabbi Nosson Scherman is the general editor.

ArtScroll's first president, Rabbi Meir Zlotowitz (July 13, 1943 – June 24, 2017) was succeeded by his oldest son, Rabbi Gedaliah Zlotowitz, whose name is listed secondarily in new publications as general editor, after that of Rabbi Scherman.
Vrbica Stefanov
Vrbica Stefanov (Macedonian: Врбица Стефанов, pronounced [ˈvrbit͡sa ˈstɛfanɔv]; born December 19, 1973) is a retired Macedonian professional basketball player and former head coach of the Macedonian clubs Kožuv and MZT Skopje. On 23 March 2009, Vrbica Stefanov was awarded the Medal for Service to the Country, by the then-President of the Republic of Macedonia, Branko Crvenkovski, in acknowledgement of his sport achievements, and his contribution to developing and popularizing sports in Macedonia, as well as promoting the country abroad.

Mens Sana Basketball Siena
Mens Sana Basketball Siena, also known simply as Mens Sana, is an Italian professional basketball club based in Siena. It is a section of the sports club Polisportiva Mens Sana, founded in 1871. Under the name Montepaschi Siena, derived from sponsor Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the club was a dominant presence in the Italian Serie A, winning five titles in a row from 2006–07 to 2010–11, besides two more titles later revoked by the Italian Federation, whilst also challenging for titles in Europe.  After financial problems caused the club to go bankrupt in 2014, it moved down to the fourth division. In the 2015–16 season it played in the second division.
Simon Kachapin
Simon Kachapin (born 1967 in Sigor, Kenya) is a Kenyan politician. He was the 1st governor of West Pokot County in Kenya. Kachapin is a member of the United Democratic Alliance. He was elected into office in 2013 during the Kenya general elections.

West Pokot County
West Pokot County is a county in Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Kapenguria, its area is approximately 9,169.4 square kilometers and it measures 132 kilometers from north to south.

West Pokot County is bordered to the north by Turkana County, to the east by Baringo County, to the southeast by Elgeyo-Marakwet County, to the south by Trans Nzoia County and to the west by Uganda. According to the 2019 census, the county has a population of 621,241.

The county is home to Tegla Loroupe, one of the most famous Kenyan female runners, and the birthplace of Israeli Olympic marathon runner Lonah Chemtai Salpeter.
Janesville, California
Janesville (also known as Lassen) is a sparsely populated census-designated place in Lassen County, California. It is located 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Susanville, at an elevation of 4239 feet (1292 m). Janesville is located on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada Mountain range. Its population is 2,461 as of the 2020 census, up from 1,408 from the 2010 census.

The community consists of an elementary school, a park, four churches, two gas stations, a pizza parlor, a coffee shop, a veterinary hospital, a hardware store, a post office, a Dollar General and a few other businesses.

Janesville stretches over a distance of 8 miles (13 km). Its ZIP Code is 96114. The community is inside area code 530.

Lassen County, California
Lassen County (/ˈlæsən/ ⓘ LASS-ən) is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,730, and was estimated to be 28,340 in 2024, Its county seat and the largest city is Susanville.

Lassen County comprises the Susanville, California micropolitan statistical area. A former farming, mining, and lumber area, its economy now depends on employment at one federal and two state prisons; the former in Herlong and the latter two in Susanville. In 2007, half the adults in Susanville worked in one of the facilities.
Greg MacArthur
Greg MacArthur (born 1970 in Lindsay, Ontario) is a Canadian playwright. A graduate of Ryerson University's theatre school, he is known for plays including girls! girls! girls!, Snowman, Get Away, Recovery, Tyland, The Toxic Bus Incident and The Missionary Position.

His play The Rise and Fall of Peter Gaveston appears in the Sky Gilbert-edited anthology Perfectly Abnormal: Seven Gay Plays, published by Playwrights Canada Press in 2006, alongside plays by Harry Rintoul, Shawn Postoff, Christian Lloyd, Greg Kearney, Ken Brand and Michael Achtman.

MacArthur was a shortlisted nominee for the Siminovitch Prize in Theatre in 2011. At the 2011 Governor General's Awards, Maryse Warda won the Governor General's Award for English to French translation for her translation of The Toxic Bus Incident.

Maryse Warda
Maryse Warda (born 1961) is an Egyptian Canadian translator. She primarily translates English plays of Canadian origin into French. Her work is described as being "faithful to the original with an unostentatious use of Quebec idiom".
Mahmoud Ezzat
Mahmoud Ezzat Ibrahim (Arabic: محمود عزت إبراهيم, romanized: Maḥmūd ʿIzzat Ibrāhīm; also sometimes spelled "Mahmoud Izzat"; born 13 August 1944) is the former acting general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and one of the most prominent leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood. Historian Fawaz Gerges describes his role as "akin to chief of staff of the Ikhwan [Muslim Brotherhood]."

Zagazig University
Zagazig University (Egyptian Arabic: جامعة الزقازيق, romanized: Jāmiʿat az-Zaqāzīq) is a public university located in the city of Zagazig, Sharqia, Egypt. Founded in 1974, It comprises colleges and scientific institutes belonging to most branches of human knowledge, totaling 16 colleges and two institutes (Civilizations and Asian Studies), with a third under construction (the Oncology Institute), and more than 600 scientific departments.

The university employs 5,000 faculty members holding doctoral degrees and approximately 2,500 teaching assistants and instructors. The Zagazig University has chosen an image of Ahmed Urabi as its emblem.
Minister of Trade and Shipping
The minister of trade and shipping (Norwegian: Handels- og sjøfartsministeren) was a councilor of state and chief of the Norway's Ministry of Trade and Shipping. The position was created on 6 December 1947 when the position of minister of trade and industry was split into a portfolio for trade and shipping, and a minister of industry. As a prelude, a separate minister of shipping had been created between 1942 and 1945 to lead the Ministry of Shipping. The minister of trade and industry had its own ministry until 1988, when the responsibility was taken over by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The position was abolished in 1997, when the portfolio was taken over by the minister of trade and industry.

Ministry of Trade and Shipping
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Shipping (Norwegian: Handels- og skipsfartsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry that existed from 1947 to 1987.

It was established on 6 December 1947. It ceased to exist on 31 December 1987. Its tasks were mainly transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

For the heads of the Ministry of Trade and Shipping, see the list of ministers of trade and shipping.

An unrelated Ministry of Shipping had existed from 1942 to 1945.
Iveagh Grounds
The Iveagh Grounds is a multi-purpose sports facility based in Drimnagh/Crumlin, Dublin. It is the home base of several sports clubs and teams who are associated with the Guinness Athletic Union. These include St James's Gate F.C. and St James Gaels GAA. It is named after Edward Guinness, 1st Earl of Iveagh, who purchased the site and then donated it to the union. Other clubs that play at the Iveagh Grounds include a field hockey club  and a rugby union club. As well as St James's Gate F.C., two other association football clubs, Bangor Celtic F.C. and St. John Bosco F.C., have also played their home games at the Iveagh Grounds. In 2017 Trinity College Dublin purchased the grounds for €2 million.

St James Gaels GAA
St. James Gaels, or Gaeil Naomh Shéamais in Irish, are a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Dublin, Ireland.

Also sometimes known as St James Gaels / An Caislean, the club was formed in July 1994 as the result of the amalgamation of An Caisleán and Guinness GAA clubs. Both of these clubs had been in existence for several decades, but were struggling due to the increasing age profile within their respective base areas. Rather than allow two clubs to go out of existence, both sets of club officers agreed, following negotiation, to pool resources and to form one club serving Walkinstown and its surrounding areas.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the 14 U.S. representatives from the state of Michigan, one from each of the state's 14 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Party primaries were held on August 4, 2020. The Michigan delegation prior to the election consisted of seven Democrats, six Republicans and one Libertarian. Unless otherwise indicated, the Cook Political Report rated the races as safe for the party of the incumbents.

John Moolenaar
John Robert Moolenaar (/ˈmoʊlənɑːr/ MOHL-ən-ar; born May 8, 1961) is an American politician serving as a U.S. representative from Michigan since 2015, representing the 4th district from 2015 to 2023 and the 2nd congressional district since 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he served in the Michigan House of Representatives from 2003 to 2008 and the Michigan Senate from 2011 to 2014.
Bacova Junction, Virginia
Bacova Junction is an unincorporated community in Bath County, Virginia,  United States. Bacova Junction is situated 2.9 miles (4.7 km) west of Hot Springs, and state routes 615 and 687 converge in the community. Historically, Bacova Junction was known for its timber industry.

Bath County, Virginia
Bath County is a United States county located in the Shenandoah Valley on the central western edge of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,209, making it the second-least populous county in Virginia. Bath's county seat is Warm Springs, while the largest community is Hot Springs.

Established in 1790, Bath County was named for the natural hot springs found in the region. The county is known for its mountainous terrain and picturesque landscapes, including the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests.
Dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II)
Dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) refers to a pair of metal phosphine complexes with the formula NiCl2[P(C6H5)3]2. The compound exists as two isomers, a paramagnetic dark blue solid and a diamagnetic red solid. These complexes function as catalysts for organic synthesis.

Metal-phosphine complex
A metal-phosphine complex is a coordination complex containing one or more phosphine ligands.  Almost always, the phosphine is an organophosphine of the type R3P (R = alkyl, aryl).  Metal phosphine complexes are useful in homogeneous catalysis. Prominent examples of metal phosphine complexes include Wilkinson's catalyst (Rh(PPh3)3Cl), Grubbs' catalyst, and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0).
Shalamcheh
Shalamcheh (Persian: شَلَمچه) is a town located in Khuzestan province, Iran. It is situated on the border with Iraq, north-west of Abadan. The town was one of the main sites of invasion of Saddam Hussein's Iraq in the Iran–Iraq War. Some 50,000 Iranians died in the fighting around the town, and there is today a war memorial in their memory.
The Basra–Shalamcheh rail line, one of the two railway projects connecting Iran to Iraq, is through Shalamcheh.

Basra–Shalamcheh rail line
The Basra–Shalamcheh rail line is a railway line that operates since 2023 between the cities of Basra in Iraq and Shalamcheh in Iran. The line is roughly 32 kilometres (20 mi) long.

Construction is scheduled to be finished by October 2024.
Sleeping Giant Wilderness Study Area
Sleeping Giant Wilderness Study Area is a non-motorized recreation area located on the west side of the Missouri River and Holter Lake located about 30 miles (48 km) north of Helena, Montana. Designated as a wilderness study area in 1981, the Sleeping Giant Wilderness Study Area contains approximately 6,666 acres (2,698 ha) of nearly roadless land, about half of which is forested. A portion of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail is contained inside the study area.

Helena, Montana
Helena (listenⓘ; /ˈhɛlənə/) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County.

Helena was founded as a gold camp during the Montana gold rush, and established on October 30, 1864. Due to the gold rush, Helena became a wealthy city, with approximately 50 millionaires inhabiting the area by 1888. The concentration of wealth contributed to the city's prominent, elaborate Victorian architecture.

At the 2020 census Helena's population was 32,091, making it the 5th least populous state capital in the United States and the 6th most populous city in Montana. It is the principal city of the Helena Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lewis and Clark, and Jefferson counties; the MSA's population being 83,058 according to the 2020 census.

The local daily newspaper is the Independent Record. The city is served by Helena Regional Airport (HLN).
West Virginia Northern Community College
West Virginia Northern Community College (WVNCC) is a public community college with its main campus in downtown Wheeling, West Virginia. Established in 1972, WVNCC serves all six counties in West Virginia's Northern Panhandle. It is part of the West Virginia Community and Technical College System.

The main campus is housed in the former Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Terminal at Wheeling. It also has branch campuses in Weirton, West Virginia and in New Martinsville, West Virginia.

Wheeling station (West Virginia)
Wheeling station is a U.S. historic train station located at Wheeling, Ohio County, West Virginia. It was built in 1907–1908, and is a four-story, rectangular brick and limestone building in the Beaux-Arts-style.  It measures 250 feet long by 89 feet, 6 inches, deep.  It features mansard roofs, built of concrete and covered with Spanish tile painted pink.  Passenger service ceased in 1961.  The building was remodeled in 1976 to house the West Virginia Northern Community College.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 as the Wheeling Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Passenger Station.
Meshwesh
The Meshwesh (often abbreviated in ancient Egyptian as Ma) was an ancient Libyan tribe, of Berber origin.

Early records of the Meshwesh date back to the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt from the reign of Amenhotep III (c. 1390 - 1350 BC). During the 19th and 20th dynasties (c. 1295 – 1075 BC), the Meshwesh were in almost constant conflict with the Egyptian state. During the late 21st Dynasty, increasing numbers of Meswesh Libyans began to settle in the Western Delta region of Egypt. They would ultimately take control of the country during the late 21st Dynasty first under Osorkon the Elder. After an interregnum of 38 years, during which the native Egyptian kings Siamun and Psusennes II assumed the throne, the Meshwesh ruled Egypt throughout the 22nd and 23rd Dynasties under many pharaohs as Shoshenq I, Osorkon I, Osorkon II, Shoshenq III and Osorkon III.

Shoshenq III
The modern designation Shoshenq III refers to King Usermaatre Setepnamun Shoshenq Sibaste Meryamun Netjerheqaon, who reigned for about four decades, c. 841 – c. 803/799 BC  or c. 831 – c. 791/788 BC. His highest attested regnal year is Year 39. Although he apparently retained control of Tanis and, for the most part, of Bubastis and Memphis, for most of his long reign, Shoshenq III had to reckon with rival kings in parts of the country.
Jolly Life
Jolly Life (Turkish: Neşeli Hayat) is a 2009  Turkish comedy film, written and directed by Yılmaz Erdoğan, about a working class Turkish man who accepts a job as a Mall Santa. It was one of the highest-grossing Turkish films of 2009. The film, which went on nationwide general release across Turkey on November 27, 2009 (2009-11-27), was screened in competition at the 29th International Istanbul Film Festival and was nominated in several categories at the 3rd Yeşilçam Awards. The cast are actors of Çok Güzel Hareketler Bunlar. Due to filming was done simultaneously for two productions, The actors have minor roles. Writer, director and star Erdoğan says that the main character is between the worlds of the Westernized upper class Turks and the working class Turks in the east of the country.

29th International Istanbul Film Festival
The 29th International Istanbul Film Festival (Turkish: 29. Uluslararası İstanbul Film Festivali) was a film festival held in Istanbul, Turkey, which ran from April 3 to 18, 2010. More than 200 films were screened in 23 categories at seven movie theatres including Atlas, Rüya, Beyoğlu, Sinepop, Pera Museum theaters in Beyoğlu, the Kadıköy theater in Kadıköy and the Nişantaşı CityLife Cinema (City's).

This edition of the Istanbul International Film Festival, which was founded in 1984 and is organized by the Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts (İKSV) and accredited by FIAPF, opened with a gala on April 2, 2010, presented by actress Ceyda Düvenci and actor Yetkin Dikinciler at the Lütfi Kırdar Congress Exhibition Hall, followed by a screening of Le Concert by Romanian-French director Radu Mihaileanu.
German alphabet
The modern German alphabet consists of the twenty-six letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet plus four extra letters placed at the end:

German uses letter-diacritic combinations (Ä/ä, Ö/ö, Ü/ü) using the umlaut and one ligature (ẞ/ß (called eszett (sz) or scharfes S, sharp s)).

Before 1940 German employed Fraktur, a blackletter typeface (see also Antiqua–Fraktur dispute), and Kurrent, various cursives that include the 20-century Sütterlin. Grundschrift describes several current handwriting systems.

Umlaut (diacritic)
Umlaut (/ˈʊmlaʊt/; UUM-lout) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark (◌̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ⟨ä⟩, ⟨ö⟩, and ⟨ü⟩) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example [a], [ɔ], and [ʊ] as [ɛ], [œ], and [ʏ]). (The term Germanic umlaut is also used for the underlying historical sound shift process.)

In its contemporary printed form, the mark consists of two dots placed over the letter to represent the changed vowel sound. In some Romance and other languages, the diaeresis diacritic has the same appearance but a different function.
Robert Rippberger
Robert Rippberger is an American film director, film producer, and screenwriter. He is the director of the upcoming sci-fi movie, Renner, producer of The Inventor, writer/director of Those Who Walk Away (film) starring BooBoo Stewart, the director/producer of Strive with Oscar winner Danny Glover, the director of the feature documentary Public Enemy Number One (film) from Executive Producer Ice-T, and director/producer of the Hulu released documentary 7 Days in Syria. Robert executive produced with Jason Blum the feature documentary Alive and Kicking. The film was sold to Magnolia Pictures and Netflix after its debut at the 2016 SXSW Film Festival, where it received a Grand Jury nomination.

Busy Bee Starski
David James Parker (born October 26, 1962), known by the stage name Busy Bee, is an American old-school hip hop musician from New York, NY. First coming on the New York City music scene in 1977, Busy Bee worked with many of hip-hop's founding fathers, including Melle Mel, Disco King Mario, Afrika Bambaataa, and Kool DJ AJ.