hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eunola, Alabama
Eunola is a census-designated place and former town in Geneva County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2020 census, the population was 284. The town was disincorporated in 2007.

Dothan metropolitan area, Alabama
The Dothan Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Geneva, Henry, and Houston counties in southeastern Alabama, anchored by the city of Dothan, county seat of Houston County. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 145,639.
United States v. AT&T (1982)
United States v. AT&T, 552 F.Supp. 131 (1982), was a ruling of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, that led to the 1984 Bell System divestiture, and the breakup of the old AT&T natural monopoly into seven regional Bell operating companies and a much smaller new version of AT&T.

AT&T Corporation
AT&T Corporation, an abbreviation of its former name, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, was an American telecommunications company that provided voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications and professional services to businesses, consumers, and government agencies.

During the Bell System's long history, AT&T was at times the world's largest telecommunications company, the world's largest cable television operator, and a regulated monopoly. At its peak in the 1950s and 1960s, it employed one million people and its revenue ranged between US$3 billion in 1950 ($42.6 billion in present-day terms) and $12 billion in 1966 ($120 billion in present-day terms).

In 2005, AT&T was acquired by "Baby Bell" and former subsidiary SBC Communications for more than $16 billion ($25.8 billion in present-day terms). SBC then changed its name to AT&T Inc., with AT&T Corporation continuing to exist as a long-distance calling subsidiary until its dissolution on May 1, 2024.
Scur
A scur is an incompletely developed horn growth.  In cattle, scurs are not attached to the skull, whereas horns are attached and have blood vessels and nerves.
Scurs may also occur in  sheep and goats.

Polled livestock
Polled livestock are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers to both breeds and strains that are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals that have been disbudded. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo, and goats, and in these animals it affects both sexes equally; in sheep, by contrast, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled. The history of breeding polled livestock starts about 6000 years BC.
R Leonis
R Leonis is a red giant Mira-type variable star located approximately 370 light years away in the constellation Leo.

The apparent magnitude of R Leonis varies between 4.31 and 11.65 with a period of 312 days. At maximum it can be seen with the naked eye, while at minimum a telescope of at least 7 cm is needed. The star's effective temperature is estimated to be 2,930 – 3,080 kelvins and radius spans 320 solar radii (220,000,000 kilometres; 1.5 astronomical units), roughly Mars's orbital zone.

Leo (constellation)
Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ is one of the constellations of the zodiac, between Cancer, the Crab, to the west and Virgo, the Maiden, to the east. It is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for lion, and to the ancient Greeks represented the Nemean Lion killed by the mythical Greek hero Heracles as one of his twelve labors. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♌︎). One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Leo remains one of the 88 modern constellations today, and one of the most easily recognizable due to its many bright stars and a distinctive shape that is reminiscent of the crouching lion it depicts.
Topsmead State Forest
Topsmead State Forest is a Connecticut state forest located in the town of Litchfield. It was formerly the summer residence of Edith Morton Chase, daughter of Henry Sabin Chase, first president of the Chase Brass and Copper Company. She left the house and its grounds to the state of Connecticut on her death in 1972.  The estate house, built in 1929 to a design by Richard Henry Dana, is a fine example of a Tudor Revival country estate house, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Litchfield, Connecticut
Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,192 at the 2020 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. The boroughs of Bantam and Litchfield are located within the town. There are also three unincorporated villages: East Litchfield, Milton, and Northfield. Northfield, located in the southeastern corner of Litchfield, is home to a high percentage of the Litchfield population.
Teufelsberg
Teufelsberg (German: [ˈtɔʏfl̩sbɛʁk] ⓘ; German for Devil's Hill) is a non-natural hill in Berlin, Germany, in the Grunewald locality of former West Berlin. It rises about 80 metres (260 ft) above the surrounding Teltow plateau and 120.1 metres (394 ft) above the sea level, in the north of Berlin's Grunewald Forest. It was named after the Teufelssee (Devil's Lake) in its southerly vicinity.  The hill is made of debris and rubble, and covers an unfinished Nazi military-technical college (Wehrtechnische Fakultät).  During the Cold War, there was a U.S. listening station on the hill, Field Station Berlin. The site of the former field station is now fenced off and is currently being managed by an organisation which charges 12 euros for public access.

T. H. E. Hill
Thomas Heinrich Edward Hill, or T. H. E. Hill (born 1948), is a pseudonymous American novelist who writes mostly in the genre of spy fiction. His first novel was published when he was 60 years old, after a career that was spent in military intelligence.
Lord Lieutenant of Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale. This office replaced the Lord Lieutenant of Roxburghshire and the Lord Lieutenant of Selkirkshire in 1975.

Buccleuch had been Lord Lieutenant of Roxburghshire and Selkirkshire

John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, 1975–1998

June Paterson-Brown, 7 December 1998 – 2007

Gerald Maitland-Carew, 28 March 2007 – 28 December 2016

Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch, 28 December 2016 – 4 July 2025

John Jeffrey, 30 June 2025 – present

Richard Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch
Richard Walter John Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch and 12th Duke of Queensberry (born 14 February 1954), styled as Lord Eskdaill until 1973 and as Earl of Dalkeith from 1973 until 2007, is a Scottish landholder and peer. He is the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, as well as Chief of Clan Scott.

Scott was once Scotland's largest private landowner, owning 217,000 acres (880 km2) of Scottish land, but was surpassed by Anders Holch Povlsen who currently holds 221,000 acres (890 km2) in the country. The Duke was appointed as Chancellor of the Order of the Thistle by Charles III on 9 December 2023.
Monthly Afternoon
Monthly Afternoon (月刊アフタヌーン, Gekkan Afutanūn) is a Japanese monthly seinen manga anthology published by Kodansha under the Afternoon line of magazines. The first issue was released in December 1986. Afternoon has spawned many successful manga series such as Oh My Goddess!, Genshiken, Blade of the Immortal and Big Windup!. It is part of Kodansha's "1day" series, which also includes the magazines Morning and Evening. A spin-off magazine, named good! Afternoon, started publishing on November 7, 2008.

Takashi Nagasaki
Takashi Nagasaki (長崎尚志; born January 14, 1956) is a Japanese author, manga writer and former editor of manga. He started his professional career at Shogakukan in 1980 and worked as an editor on the publisher's various manga magazines, including as editor-in-chief of Big Comic Spirits from July 1999 to 2001. Since becoming freelance, Nagasaki has worked as an author under various pen names, such as Keishi Edogawa (江戸川啓視), Garaku Toshusai (東周斎雅楽), Big O (ビッグ・オー) and Richard Woo (リチャード・ウー).

He is best known for his collaborations with Naoki Urasawa, such as Pluto (2003–2009) and Billy Bat (2008–2016). The Kobe Shimbun wrote that Nagasaki brought the concept of a producer into the manga industry, and in doing so "established a new relationship with manga artists." Brian Ruh of Anime News Network described Nagasaki as the only editor who "has risen to the level of co-creator alongside the artist."
Josefine Öqvist
Anna Lenita Josefine Öqvist (born 23 July 1983) is a Swedish former footballer who played for Montpellier of the French Division 1 Féminine and the Swedish national team. She scored a critical goal in the 86' minute of the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup semifinals against Canada to put Sweden through to the final. Nicknamed Jossan, she was named the Swedish Rookie of the Year in 2003.

While her primary position is a forward, she was named as a midfielder for the 2008 Summer Olympics. During the tournament she was injured and replaced by Maria Aronsson. Along with Caroline Jönsson, Öqvist tore her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) before the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and was consequently removed from the roster to recover.

Pin-up girl Öqvist attracted attention for a bikini photoshoot in the magazine, Slitz, in the Spring of 2004. She was also filmed swapping jerseys with a male supporter at the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup in Germany.

UEFA Women's Euro 2013
The 2013 UEFA Women's Championship, commonly referred to as the 2013 Women's Euros or just the 2013 Euros, was the 11th European Championship for women's national football teams organised by UEFA. The final tournament, held in Sweden from 10 to 28 July 2013, became the most-watched in the history of the Women's Euros. It concluded with Germany, the defending champions, winning their sixth consecutive and record-extending eighth overall Women's Euro title after defeating Norway in the final.

Sweden was selected as hosts by UEFA's Executive Committee in 2010, meaning their team automatically qualified for the final tournament. The other eleven finalists were decided by a qualifying competition, featuring 44 teams, staged between March 2011 to October 2012. It was the last time the finals featured twelve teams, as from 2017 onwards they would be expanded to include sixteen teams.
Mayo language
Mayo or known as Yorem Noki to the Mayo (Yoreme) people, is an Uto-Aztecan language. It is spoken by about 40,000 people, who live in the southern portion of the Mexican state of Sonora and in the north of the neighboring state of Sinaloa. Under the General Law on the Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples, it is recognized as a "national language" along with 63 other indigenous languages and Spanish which all have the same validity in Mexico. The language is considered 'critically endangered' by UNESCO.

The Mayo language is partially intelligible with the Yaqui language, and the division between the two languages is more political, from the historic division between the Yaqui and the Mayo peoples, than linguistic.

Programming in both Mayo and Yaqui is carried by the INPI's radio station XEETCH-AM, broadcasting from Etchojoa, Sonora.

XEETCH-AM
XEETCH-AM (La Voz de los Tres Ríos – "The Voice of the Three Rivers") is an Indigenous community radio station that broadcasts in Spanish, Mayo, Yaqui and Guarijio from Etchojoa in the Mexican state of Sonora. 
It is run by the Cultural Indigenist Broadcasting System (SRCI) of the National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples (CDI).
Bush flying
Bush flying refers to aircraft operations carried out in the bush. Bush flying involves operations in rough terrain where there are often no prepared landing strips or runways, frequently necessitating that bush planes be equipped with abnormally large tires, skis, skids or any other equipment necessary for unpaved runway operation. It is the only viable way of delivering people and supplies into more difficult to reach, remote locations.

Wop May
Wilfrid Reid "Wop" May, OBE, DFC (March 20, 1896 – June 21, 1952) was a Canadian flying ace in the First World War and a leading post-war aviator. He was the final Allied pilot to be pursued by Manfred von Richthofen before the German ace was shot down on the Western Front in 1918. After the war, May returned to Canada, pioneering the role of a bush pilot while working for Canadian Airways in Northern Alberta and the Northwest Territories.
Ferdinand von Zeppelin
Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (German: Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August Graf von Zeppelin; 8 July 1838 – 8 March 1917) was a German general and later inventor of the Zeppelin rigid airships. His name became synonymous with airships and dominated long-distance flight until the 1930s. He founded the company Luftschiffbau Zeppelin.

Military Merit Order (Württemberg)
The Military Merit Order (Militärverdienstorden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Württemberg, which joined the German Empire in 1871. The order was one of the older military orders of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on 11 February 1759 by Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg as the Militär-Carls-Orden, and was renamed the Militärverdienstorden on 11 November 1806 by King Friedrich I. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Württemberg monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.
Arsi people
Arsi Oromo is an ethnic Oromo branch, inhabiting the Arsi, West Arsi and Bale Zones of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia, as well as in the Adami Tullu and Jido Kombolcha woreda of East Shewa Zone.The Arsi are made up of the Sikkoo-Mandoo branch
of Barento Oromo. The Arsi in all zones speaks Oromo share the same culture, traditions and identity with other subgroup Oromo.

Barento
Barento (Oromo: Bareentoo) is one of the two major subgroups of the Oromo people, a Cushitic ethnic group. They live in the West Hararghe Zone, Arsi zone, of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia while the other subgroup named Borana Oromo inhabiting Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Addis Ababa, West Shewa Zone, West Welega Zone and Borena Zone of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia.
Lazy Mountain, Alaska
Lazy Mountain is a census-designated place (CDP) in Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska, United States. Located east of Palmer along the Matanuska River. At the 2020 census the population was 1,506, up from 1,479 in 2010.

Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska
Matanuska-Susitna Borough (often referred to as the Mat-Su Borough) is a borough located in the U.S. state of Alaska. Its borough seat is Palmer, and the largest incorporated community is  Wasilla. As of the 2020 census, the borough's population was 107,081.

The borough is part of the Anchorage Metropolitan Statistical Area, along with the municipality of Anchorage on its south.

The Mat-Su Borough is designated as so because it contains the entire Matanuska and Susitna Rivers. They empty into Cook Inlet, which is the southern border of the Mat-Su Borough. It is one of the few agricultural areas in Alaska.
Self-oscillation
Self-oscillation is the generation and maintenance of a periodic motion by a source of power that lacks any corresponding periodicity. The oscillator itself controls the phase with which the external power acts on it. Self-oscillators are therefore distinct from forced and parametric resonators, in which the power that sustains the motion must be modulated externally.

In linear systems, self-oscillation appears as an instability associated with a negative damping term, which causes small perturbations to grow exponentially in amplitude. This negative damping is due to a positive feedback between the oscillation and the modulation of the external source of power. The amplitude and waveform of steady self-oscillations are determined by the nonlinear characteristics of the system.

Self-oscillations are important in physics, engineering, biology, and economics.

Hunting oscillation
Hunting oscillation is a self-oscillation, usually unwanted, about an equilibrium. The expression came into use in the 19th century and describes how a system "hunts" for equilibrium. The expression is used to describe phenomena in such diverse fields as electronics, aviation, biology, and railway engineering.
SPA (band)
SPA are a British band comprising Simon Toulson-Clarke, Phill Brown and Alastair Gavin. Toulson-Clarke and Gavin had previously worked together on the Red Box album Motive.

SPA is an acronym of the names of its members - Simon, Phill and Alastair.

They released their self-titled debut album, SPA, in 1997.

Red Box (band)
Red Box is a British pop group founded by Simon Toulson-Clarke and Julian Close. Active from the early 1980s to the present day, they scored two UK top ten hits with the singles "Lean on Me (Ah-Li-Ayo)" in 1985 and "For America" in 1986, both of which were included on their debut album, The Circle & the Square.

Red Box returned briefly in 1990 with the single "Train" and the second album Motive, and again in 2010 with the third album Plenty, released in October 2010. The group is now led by singer-songwriter Simon Toulson-Clarke with a third line-up of supporting players.

In February 2019, the band released "This Is What We Came For", the first single from their fourth studio album Chase the Setting Sun, which was released in September 2019. In July 2019, they released a second single "Gods & Kings", also from Chase the Setting Sun.
1843 Naval Air Squadron
1843 Naval Air Squadron (1843 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN) between 1943 and 1945 and then a Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Air Squadron from 1953 to 1957. It formed in the United States at RN Air Section Brunswick, in May 1944, as a fighter squadron. It arrived in the UK aboard HMS Trouncer in August. Based at HMS Gannet, RNAS Eglinton, Northern Ireland and training at HMS Wagtail, RNAS Ayr, Scotland, the squadron had deck landing training aboard HMS Patroller in December, before joining HMS Arbiter in February 1945,  as part of the 10th Naval Fighter Wing. Sailing to Australia, the squadron became part of the 3rd Carrier Air Group, but saw no action before the war ended and disbanded in October 1945. It reformed as a Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Air Branch anti-submarine squadron, in the Scottish Air Division, from 1953 and disbanded in 1957.

RNAS Eglinton
Royal Naval Air Station Eglinton (RNAS Eglinton, also known as HMS Gannet) was a Royal Navy airbase located 1.3 miles (2.1 km) north east of Eglinton, in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It opened as a Royal Air Force Station (RAF Eglinton) in 1941, before being transferred to the Fleet Air Arm in May 1943.

The airfield was operational between 1941 and 1966.
Mareka Gena
Mareka Gena was one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Semien Omo Zone, Mareka Gena was a triangle-shaped area located south of the confluence of the Omo River and its east-flowing tributary the Gojeb River, bordered on the southeast by Loma Bosa, on the west by Isara Tocha, and on the north by the Oromia Region. Towns in Mareka Gena included Wacca and Weldehane. Mareka Gena was divided for Gena Bosa and Mareka woredas.

Isara Tocha
Isara Tocha was one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Dawro Zone, Isara Tocha was bordered on the south by the Omo River which separates this woreda from the Gamo Gofa Zone, on the west by the Konta special woreda, on the north by the Gojeb River which separates it from the Oromia Region, on the east by Mareka Gena, and on the southeast by Loma Bosa. Towns in Isara Tocha included Bale and Tocha. Isara Tocha was separated to Isara and Tocha woredas.
William Towns
William Towns (1936–1993) also known as Bill Towns, was an English car designer, most known for his designs for Aston Martin, including the 1967 DBS, as well as the futuristic and angular Mk.II Lagonda and Bulldog concept car.

Reliant Scimitar SS1
The Reliant Scimitar SS1 is an automobile which was produced by British manufacturer Reliant from 1984 to 1995.

Aiming to fill a gap in the small sports car market, Scimitar SS1 was launched in 1984 at the British International Motor Show in Birmingham. It was Giovanni Michelotti's last design. The name was reported to stand for Small Sports 1. Despite plans for production of 2000 a year, only 1,507 models were produced in the ten years of overall production. In 1990, the SS1 was renamed as the Scimitar SST following a facelift and in 1992 was re-launched as the Scimitar Sabre. Sales of the Sabre ceased in 1995 with the collapse of Reliant.
Bingen Cirque
Bingen Cirque (72°41′S 3°18′W﻿ / ﻿72.683°S 3.300°W﻿ / -72.683; -3.300) is a conspicuous cirque in the steep, eastern rock cliffs of Jokulskarvet Ridge in the Borg Massif of Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and from air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and named "Bingen" (the "bin").

Jøkulskarvet Ridge
Jøkulskarvet Ridge (72°40′S 3°18′W﻿ / ﻿72.667°S 3.300°W﻿ / -72.667; -3.300) is a large mountainous ridge with an ice-capped summit, just northeast of Høgfonna Mountain in the Borg Massif of Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and from air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and named Jøkulskarvet (the glacier mountain).
Cowdenbeath railway station
Cowdenbeath railway station is a railway station in the town of Cowdenbeath, Fife, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Fife Circle Line, 22+1⁄2 miles (36.2 km) north of Edinburgh Waverley.

The station can be accessed via two steep ramps from either the east side of the High Street, or Station Road, and there is a footbridge connecting the platforms.

The ticket office is situated within the waiting room. Additional ticket facilities are provided by an automatic ticket machine outside the waiting room. There is a toilet but to access it, a key must be obtained from the ticket office. There were public toilet facilities in the High Street but these were closed in May 2008; now the nearest facilities are at Cowdenbeath Library, at the north end of the High Street. The former nearest public toilet was Cowdenbeath Leisure Centre, which is closed for refurbishment until the end of 2025.

The nearest bus stops, public phones and taxi rank are in the High Street.

Cowdenbeath
Cowdenbeath (/ˌkaʊdənˈbiːθ/ ⓘ) is a town and burgh in west Fife, Scotland. It is 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Dunfermline and 18 miles (29 km) north of the capital, Edinburgh. The town grew up around the extensive coalfields of the area and became a police burgh in 1890. According to a 2008 estimate, the town has a population of 14,081.

The wider civil parish of Beath has a population of 17,351 (in 2011).