hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lurs
The Lurs, Lors or Luris (Persian: لر) are an Iranian people living in western and southern Iran. The four Luri branches are the Bakhtiari, Mamasani, Kohgiluyeh and Lur proper, who are principally linked by the Luri language.

Lorestan province is named after the Lurs, but not all Lurs live in Lorestan, nor are all the inhabitants of Lorestan ethnic Lurs. Many Lurs live in other provinces of Iran including Fars, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Tehran southern Ilam province, and Genaveh county in Bushehr province.

Ilam province
Ilam Province (Persian: استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ilam.

The province is in the western part of the country in Region 4 and covers 20,164.11 km2 (7,785.41 mi2). It shares 425 km (264 mi) of the border with Iraq, and also borders on the provinces of Kermanshah, Lorestan, and Khuzestan.
Straight-line mechanism
A straight-line mechanism is a mechanism that converts any type of rotary or angular motion to perfect or near-perfect straight-line motion, or vice versa. Straight-line motion is linear motion of definite length or "stroke", every forward stroke being followed by a return stroke, giving reciprocating motion. The first such mechanism, patented in 1784 by James Watt, produced approximate straight-line motion, referred to by Watt as parallel motion.

Straight-line mechanisms are used in a variety of applications, such as engines, vehicle suspensions, walking robots, and rover wheels.

Tusi couple
The Tusi couple (also known as Tusi's mechanism) is a mathematical device in which a small circle rotates inside a larger circle twice the diameter of the smaller circle.  Rotations of the circles cause a point on the circumference of the smaller circle to oscillate back and forth in linear motion along a diameter of the larger circle. The Tusi couple is a two-cusped hypocycloid.

The couple was first proposed by the 13th-century Persian astronomer and mathematician Nasir al-Din al-Tusi in his 1247 Tahrir al-Majisti (Commentary on the Almagest) as a solution for the latitudinal motion of the inferior planets and later used extensively as a substitute for the equant introduced over a thousand years earlier in Ptolemy's Almagest.
Fabbrico
Fabbrico (Reggiano: Fâbrich or Fâvrich; locally Fàvregh) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Reggio Emilia.

Fabbrico borders the following municipalities: Campagnola Emilia, Carpi, Reggiolo, Rio Saliceto, Rolo.

Rolo, Emilia-Romagna
Rolo (Reggiano: Rôl or Rōl) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Reggio Emilia.

Rolo borders the following municipalities: Carpi, Fabbrico, Moglia, Novi di Modena, Reggiolo.
Generalized phrase structure grammar
Generalized phrase structure grammar (GPSG) is a framework for describing the syntax and semantics of natural languages. It is a type of constraint-based phrase structure grammar. Constraint based grammars are based around defining certain syntactic processes as ungrammatical for a given language and assuming everything not thus dismissed is grammatical within that language. Phrase structure grammars base their framework on constituency relationships, seeing the words in a sentence as ranked, with some words dominating the others. For example, in the sentence "The dog runs",  "runs" is seen as dominating "dog" since it is the main focus of the sentence. This view stands in contrast to dependency grammars, which base their assumed structure on the relationship between a single word in a sentence (the sentence head) and its dependents.

Model-theoretic grammar
Model-theoretic grammars, also known as constraint-based grammars, contrast with generative grammars in the way they define sets of sentences: they state constraints on syntactic structure rather than providing operations for generating syntactic objects. A generative grammar provides a set of operations such as rewriting, insertion, deletion, movement, or combination, and is interpreted as a definition of the set of all and only the objects that these operations are capable of producing through iterative application. A model-theoretic grammar simply states a set of conditions that an object must meet, and can be regarded as defining the set of all and only the structures of a certain sort that satisfy all of the constraints. The approach applies the mathematical techniques of model theory to the task of syntactic description: a grammar is a theory in the logician's sense (a consistent set of statements) and the well-formed structures are the models that satisfy the theory.
Microtia
Microtia is a congenital deformity where the auricle (external ear) is underdeveloped. A completely undeveloped auricle is referred to as anotia. Because microtia and anotia have the same origin, it can be referred to as microtia-anotia. Microtia can be unilateral (one side only) or bilateral (affecting both sides). Microtia occurs in 1 out of about 8,000–10,000 births. In unilateral microtia, the right ear is most commonly affected. It may occur as a complication of taking Accutane (isotretinoin) during pregnancy.

Treacher Collins syndrome
Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a genetic disorder characterized by deformities of the ears, eyes, cheekbones, and chin. The degree to which a person is affected may vary from mild to severe. Complications may include breathing problems, problems seeing, cleft palate, and hearing loss. Those affected generally have normal intelligence.

TCS is usually autosomal dominant. More than half of occurrences are as a result of a new mutation rather than inherited. The involved genes may include TCOF1, POLR1C, or POLR1D. Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and X-rays, and potentially confirmation by genetic testing.

Treacher Collins syndrome is not curable. Symptoms may be managed with reconstructive surgery, hearing aids, speech therapy, and other assistive devices. Life expectancy is generally normal. TCS occurs in about one in 50,000 people. The syndrome is named after Edward Treacher Collins, an English surgeon and ophthalmologist, who described its essential traits in 1900.
Châtellerault
Châtellerault (pronounced [ʃatɛlʁo] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Châteulrô/Chateleràud; Occitan: Chastelairaud) is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in France. It is located in the northeast of the former province Poitou, and the residents are called Châtelleraudais.

Poitou
Poitou (UK: /ˈpwʌtuː/ PWUH-too, US: /pwɑːˈtuː/ pwah-TOO, French: [pwatu]; Latin: Pictaviensis, Pictavia; Poitevin: Poetou) was a province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. Both Poitou and Poitiers are named after the Pictones Gallic tribe.
Manu Chao
Manu Chao (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmanu ˈtʃao]; born José Manuel Tomás Arturo Chao Ortega on 21 June 1961) is a French-Spanish musician. He sings in French, Spanish, English, Italian, Arabic, Catalan, Galician, Portuguese, Greek, and occasionally in other languages. Chao began his musical career in Paris, busking and playing with groups such as Hot Pants and Los Carayos, which combined a variety of languages and musical styles. With friends and his brother Antoine Chao, he founded the band Mano Negra in 1987, achieving considerable success, particularly in Europe. He became a solo artist after its breakup in 1995 and since then has toured regularly with his live band, Radio Bemba Sound System.

Bongo Bong
"Bongo Bong" is the first solo single by Manu Chao, from his debut album, Clandestino. It is a remake of "King of Bongo", a track from Manu Chao's previous band, Mano Negra. The title and lyrics are taken from the 1939 jazz song "King of Bongo Bong" by Black American trumpeter Roy Eldridge. It also uses the background music from Black Uhuru's song "Bull ina di Pen", from their 1984 album, Anthem. The song is part of a medley with "Je ne t'aime plus" on Clandestino. Moreover, the music has been reused for other songs, such as "Mr. Bobby", which was first released on this single before being re-recorded for Chao's second album, Próxima Estación: Esperanza, and "Homens", from the same record.

The song is about a bongo player from the Congo.
Le Monde libertaire
Le Monde libertaire (French: Libertarian World) is an anarchist French weekly organ of the Anarchist Federation. Founded in 1954, it is the direct successor of Le Libertaire which was contributed by Albert Camus, Georges Brassens, Louise Michel and André Breton.

Anarchist Federation (France)
The Fédération Anarchiste (Anarchist Federation) is an anarchist federation in France, Belgium and Switzerland. It is a member of the International of Anarchist Federations since the latter's establishment in 1968.
Japanese High School Baseball Invitational Tournament
The National High School Baseball Invitational Tournament (選抜高等学校野球大会 senbatsu kōtō gakkō yakyū taikai) of Japan, commonly known as "Spring Kōshien" (春の甲子園 haru no kōshien) or "Senbatsu" (センバツ), is an annual high school baseball tournament.

Japan High School Baseball Federation
The Japan High School Baseball Federation (日本高等学校野球連盟 Nihon kōtō gakkō yakyū renmei) is the governing body of high school baseball in Japan, and is composed of the High School Baseball Federations of each of the 47 prefectures.
Together with the All Japan University Baseball Federation (財団法人全日本大学野球連盟 zaidan hōjin zen-nihon daigaku yakyū renmei), it makes up the Japan Student Baseball Association (日本学生野球協会 nihon gakusei yakyū kyōkai).  The name is often abbreviated to "Nihon Kōyaren" (日本高野連) or just "Kōyaren" (高野連).
Asia-Pacific Unicycle Competition
The Asia-Pacific Unicycle Competition (or APUC for short) is a regional unicycling games event that is held biennially, in alternative years from the Unicycling World Championships Unicon. The event has typically been held over a weekend where competitors from around Asia-Pacific gather in various unicycle games.

Unicycle
A unicycle, also monocycle is a vehicle that touches the ground with only one wheel. The most common variation has a frame with a saddle, and has a pedal-driven direct-drive. A two speed hub is commercially available for faster unicycling. Unicycling is practiced professionally in circuses, by street performers, in festivals, and as a hobby. Unicycles have also been used to create new sports such as unicycle basketball and unicycle hockey. In recent years, unicycles have also been used in mountain unicycling, an activity similar to mountain biking or trials.
Adansi South District
Adansi South District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally it was created from parts of two former districts on 17 February 2004: Adansi West District and Adansi East District; thus the remaining parts had been absorbed into parts of Obuasi Municipal District and Adansi North District respectively. On 15 March 2018, the western part of the district was split off to create Akrofuom District. The district assembly is the southernmost part of Ashanti Region and has New Edubiase as its capital town.

Akrofuom District
Afrokuom District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Adansi South District on 17 February 2004, until the western part of the district was split off to create Afrokuom District on 15 March 2018; thus the remaining part has been retained as Adansi South District. The district assembly is located in the southern part of Ashanti Region and has Akrofuom as its capital town.
Line 3 (Foshan Metro)
Line 3 of Foshan Metro (FMetro) (Chinese: 佛山地铁3号线; pinyin: Fóshān Dìtiě Sān Hào Xiàn) is a metro line in Foshan that runs 45.74 km (28.42 mi) between Zhen'an in Chancheng District and Shunde College Railway Station in Shunde District, and runs 16.38 km (10.18 mi) between Lianhe and Foshan University entirely in Nanhai District. The initial section between Shunde College Railway Station and Zhen'an opened on 28 December 2022, and the rear section between Zhen'an and Zhongshan Park (south section) and between Lianhe and Foshan University (north section) opened on 23 August 2024. The full line will run from Shunde Port in Shunde District to Foshan University in Nanhai District.

Shunde College Railway Station (Foshan Metro)
Shunde College Railway Station (simplified Chinese: 顺德学院站; traditional Chinese: 順德學院站; pinyin: Shùndé Xuéyuàn Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Seuhndāk Hohkyún Jaahm; lit. 'Shunde Polytechnic railway station') is a station on Line 3 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Shunde District. It opened on 28 December 2022, and is the southern terminus of the line. It is also both the southernmost and easternmost station of the Foshan Metro.
Mary Percy, Countess of Northumberland
Mary Percy, Countess of Northumberland (née Lady Mary Talbot; died 16 April 1572) was a courtier and noblewoman during the reign of Henry VIII of England. She was the daughter of George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury. Her husband, Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, had wished to marry Anne Boleyn instead of her.

Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland
Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, KG (c. 1502 – 1537) was an English nobleman, active as a military officer in the north. He is now primarily remembered as the betrothed of Anne Boleyn, whom he was forced to give up before she became involved with and later married King Henry VIII.
2022 Cook Islands general election
The 2022 Cook Islands general election was held on 1 August 2022 to determine the composition of the 18th Parliament of the Cook Islands. A referendum on legalising medical cannabis was held on the same day.

18th Cook Islands Parliament
The 18th Cook Islands Parliament is the current term of the Parliament of the Cook Islands. Its composition was determined by the 2022 elections on 1 August 2022. The opening of parliament was delayed by over 7 months due to petitions over the election results. The 18th parliament finally opened on 21 March 2023.
Diocese of Hasselt
The Diocese of Hasselt (Latin: Dioecesis Hasseletensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. Comprising the whole of Belgian Limburg, the diocese was created in 1967 out of the Diocese of Liège. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels. The cathedra is found within St. Quentin's Cathedral in Hasselt.

Diocese of Liège
The Diocese of Liège (Latin: Dioecesis Leodiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. The diocese was erected in the 4th century and presently covers the same territory as Belgium's Liège Province, but it was historically much larger. Currently, the diocese is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels. Its cathedra is found within St. Paul's Cathedral in the episcopal see of Liège.
Mercedes-Benz SL-Class (R129)
The Mercedes-Benz R129 SL is a roadster which was produced by Mercedes-Benz from 1988 until 2001. The R129 replaced the R107 in 1989 and was in its turn replaced by the R230 SL-Class in 2002 for the 2003 model year.

The R129 was offered as a two-door roadster with an automated (electro-hydraulic), fabric convertible roof; colour-matched, automated tonneau cover; and a manually detachable hardtop that could be fitted over the stored fabric convertible roof and tonneau. It was available with a variety of powertrains across its twelve-year production, including a V12 option used in the SL600.

Mercedes-Benz M120 engine
The Mercedes-Benz M120 engine is a naturally aspirated high-performance automobile piston V12 engine family used in the 1990s and 2000s in Mercedes' flagship models. The engine was a response to BMW's M70 V12 engine, introduced in 1987. While the 5-litre BMW unit developed 300 metric horsepower (220 kW), Mercedes-Benz upped the ante considerably by creating a 6-litre, 300-kilowatt (408 PS) engine.

The M120 family was built in Stuttgart, Germany. It has an aluminium engine block lined with silicon/aluminium. The aluminium DOHC cylinder heads are 4 valves per cylinder designs. It uses sequential fuel injection (SFI) and features forged steel connecting rods.

The M120 was eventually replaced by the smaller (5.8 litres), lesser-powered, short-lived, SOHC, three valves per cylinder M137 V12 engine. Mercedes ceased production of the M120 because of new emission rules.
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Documentary/Nonfiction Program
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Documentary/Nonfiction Program is awarded to one program each year. The category was split in 2018 to separately recognize documentary/nonfiction and reality programs.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Reality Program
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Reality Program is awarded to one program each year. The category was created in 2018. Between 2003 and 2017, reality and documentary/nonfiction programs competed in a combined category.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place:
Ledion Liço
Ledion Liço (Albanian: [lɛˈdiɔn ˈlitʃɔ]; born June 13, 1986) is an Albanian television presenter and film producer. He is known as the host of several popular TV shows on Top Channel and Top Albania Radio, most notably Big Brother VIP Albania (from season 3 onward) and The Voice of Albania. Since 2020, he has served as the art and innovation director of Top Channel and executive director at Top Albania Radio and Top Channel Films.

Big Brother (Albanian TV series) season 8
Big Brother Albania 8 was the eighth season of the Albanian television series of the worldwide franchise of Big Brother. The premiere for this season was 7 March 2015. The main topic of this season is the host Arbana Osmani will not return for another season due to pregnancy. The main host will be Ledion Liço, while Albana Osmani hosted the Sunday morning show, featuring dialogues with eliminated contestants and fans of the show. The show ran for 99 days, and the winner was Vesel Kurtishaj. He received a 15,000,000 lekë (€100,000) prize.
Carpospore
A carpospore is a diploid spore produced by red algae. After fertilization, the alga's carpogonium subdivides into carpospores, and generally the largest type of spore (larger than bispores, which are larger again than tetraspores). The wall of the carposporangium then breaks down, releasing the spores into the environment.

Carpogonium
The carpogonium (plural carpogonia) is the female organ in the red algae (Rhodophyta) which have a highly specialized type of reproduction. It contains the reproductive nucleus. It may contain a number of cells usually without chloroplasts. It shows an elongated process which is the receptive organ for the male gametes.

It gives birth to the carpospores.

It may also have hairlike structures called trichogynes which receive sperm before fertilization takes place.
Chelsea Handler
Chelsea Joy Handler (born February 25, 1975) is an American stand-up comedian, actress, writer, television host, and producer. She hosted the late-night talk show Chelsea Lately on the E! network from 2007 to 2014 and released a documentary series, Chelsea Does, on Netflix in January 2016. From 2016 to 2017, Handler hosted the talk show Chelsea on Netflix.

In 2012, Time named Handler one of the 100 most influential people in the world on its annual Time 100 list.

My Horizontal Life
My Horizontal Life: A Collection of One-Night Stands is a book by Chelsea Handler that was published in 2005.  The book is a collection of stories about the author's various one-night stands. The book helped her to launch her writing career and led to her second book Are You There, Vodka? It's Me, Chelsea.
Centrolew
The Centrolew (Polish pronunciation: [t͡sɛnˈtrɔlɛf], 'Center-Left') was a coalition of several Polish political parties (Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie", German Socialist Labour Party of Poland, Polish People's Party "Piast", National Workers' Party, Polish Socialist Party and Christian-democratic parties) after the 1928 parliamentary election.  The coalition was directed against the Sanation government.

To counter the Centrolew, in the heated atmosphere prior to the 1930 election, Centrolew politicians were accused of planning a coup and subjected to repressions (most famously, imprisonment in the Brest Fortress, and the subsequent Brest trials). The Centrolew was defeated in the elections and broke up as a coalition.

Polish Socialist Party
The Polish Socialist Party (Polish: Polska Partia Socjalistyczna, PPS) is a democratic socialist political party in Poland.

It was one of the most significant parties in Poland from its founding in 1892 until its forced merger with the communist Polish Workers' Party to form the Polish United Workers' Party in 1948. Józef Piłsudski, founder of the Second Polish Republic, was a member of and later led the PPS in the early 20th century.

The party was re-established in 1987, near the end of the Polish People's Republic. However, it remained on the margins of Polish politics until 2019, when it won a seat in the Senate of Poland.
Tamatea Arikinui
Tamatea Arikinui or Tamatea Mai-Tawhiti was a Māori ariki (chieftain), who captained the Tākitimu canoe on its journey from Hawaiki to New Zealand, where he settled at Tauranga and became the ancestor of the Ngāti Kahungunu iwi. J. H. Mitchell places Tamatea in the mid-fourteenth century. In Ngāti Kahungunu tradition, he is distinguished from his grandson Tamatea Urehaea who undertook extensive explorations of New Zealand. Northland and Tauranga traditions say that they were the same person.

Ngāti Kahungunu
Ngāti Kahungunu (Māori pronunciation: [ˈŋaːti ˈkahʉŋʉnʉ]) is a Māori iwi (tribe) located along the eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The iwi is traditionally centred in the Hawke's Bay and Wairārapa regions. The Kahungunu iwi also comprises 86 hapū (sub-tribes) and 90 marae (meeting grounds).

The tribe is organised into six geographical and administrative divisions: Wairoa, Te Whanganui-ā-Orotū, Heretaunga, Tamatea, Tāmaki-nui-a Rua and Wairarapa. It is the 4th largest iwi in New Zealand by population, with 82,239 people identifying as Ngāti Kahungunu in the 2018 census.
William Partridge (Irish revolutionary)
William Patrick Partridge (8 March 1874 – 26 July 1917) was an Irish trade unionist and revolutionary socialist. He was a prominent member of James Connolly's Irish Citizen Army, and fought in the Easter Rising in Dublin 1916. He later served as a Dublin City Councillor.

Ballaghaderreen
Ballaghaderreen (Irish: Bealach an Doirín, meaning 'the way of the little oak grove') is a town in County Roscommon, Ireland. It was part of County Mayo until 1899. It is in the north-west of the county, near the borders with counties Mayo and Sligo, just off the N5 road. The population was 2,387 in the 2022 census.