hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guérande
Guérande (French pronunciation: [ɡeʁɑ̃d] ⓘ; Breton: Gwenrann, pronounced [ɡwɛnˈrãnː]; Gallo: Geraundd) is a medieval town located in the department of Loire-Atlantique, and the region of Pays de la Loire, Western France.
The inhabitants are referred to as Guérandais (masculine), and Guérandaise (feminine).

The Guérande Peninsula overlooks two contrasting landscapes: the "Pays Blanc" (White Land), because of its salt marshes, and the "Pays Noir", with the Brière peat bog. The town's salt marshes have made it a renowned producer of salt, and it is the traditional source of fleur de sel, a type of garnishing salt.

Since 2004, the medieval town of Guérande has been a member of a national network of 120 towns, the Villes et Pays d'Art et d'Histoire (Towns and Regions of Art and History). The fortified wall of Guérande is one of the best preserved and complete in France. Its circumference stretches 1434 meters.

Luis de la Cerda
Luis de La Cerda, also called Louis of Spain (France, 1291 - Lamotte-du-Rhône, 5 July 1348) was an expatriate royal prince of the  Crown of Castile, who lived and served in the Kingdom of France.  Among his titles, Luis de la Cerda was the count of Talmont, count of Clermont and an admiral of France.  He was also made the first 'Prince of Fortuna' (sovereign ruler of the Canary Islands) by Pope Clement VI in 1344, although he never actually set foot on the islands.
Al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Al-Ḥārith ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib (Arabic: الحارث بن عبد المطلب) was one of the uncles of Muhammad. He was the son of Abd al-Muttalib, of the Quraysh in Mecca, by his first wife, Sumra bint Jundab, who was from Hawazin tribe.: 99  For a long time his father, who took from him the kunya Abu al-Harith,: 99  had no other children.: 62 : 87

It is said that al-Harith assisted Abd al-Muttalib with the excavation of the Zamzam Well: 62  by carrying away the dug earth.: 87  Al-Harith had many children by some wives.

Sumra bint Jundab
Sumra bint Jundab (Arabic: سُمرة بنت جندب), also known as Ṣafiyya bint Junaydib (صفية بنت جنيدب), was the first wife of Abd al-Muttalib.

Her father was Jundab (or Junaydib) ibn Hujayr ibn Zabbab (or Riyab) ibn Habib ibn Suwa'a ibn Amir ibn Sa'sa'a ibn Mu'awiyah ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin ibn Mansur ibn Ikrima from the Hawazin tribe.

She married Abd al-Muttalib when he was young. Their son, al-Harith, remained Abd al-Muttalib's only child for many years.
IBOT
The iBOT is a powered wheelchair that uses gyroscopic technology to provide multiple operating modes for varied indoor and outdoor terrain.

The current version, the iBOT® PMD, has been manufactured by Mobius Mobility since 2019. The device was developed by Dean Kamen’s DEKA Research & Development Corp. in partnership with Johnson & Johnson's Independence Technology division. Early versions were produced by Independence Technology from 2003 to 2009.

Motorized wheelchair
A motorized wheelchair, also known as a powerchair, electric wheelchair, electronic wheelchair, electric-powered wheelchair, and electronic-powered wheelchair, is a wheelchair that is propelled by means of an electric motor (usually using differential steering) rather than manual power. Motorized wheelchairs are useful for those unable to propel a manual wheelchair or who may need to use a wheelchair for distances or over terrain which would be fatiguing in a manual wheelchair. They may also be used not just by people with 'traditional' mobility impairments, but also by people with cardiovascular and fatigue-based conditions.
Svete (river)
The river Švėtė (Lithuanian: Švėtė, Latvian: Svēte) flows through the Šiauliai and Joniškis districts in the northern part of Lithuania, and the southern part of Latvia. The source of the Švėtė is near Tulominai, about 16 km southeast of Kuršėnai, and the river flows north passing by Žagarė, near the Latvian border. It is a tributary of the Lielupe, joining it 8 km to the northwest of Jelgava. The Lielupe ultimately flows into the Baltic Sea.

The upper part of the Švėtė can dry up completely in very dry summers. Its main tributaries are the Šakyna, Žarė, Tērvete, Bērze, Žvairilas, Bukiškis, Juodupis, Katmilžis and Vilkija rivers.

Lielupe
The Lielupe is a river in central Latvia. Its length is 119 km (74 mi), or 310 km (190 mi) if the Mēmele River is counted as part of it. The surface area of its drainage basin is 17,600 km2 (6,800 sq mi). The average fall of the Lielupe is about 0.1 m/km (0.53 ft/mi) and its average flow is 106 m3/s (3,700 cu ft/s), although a maximum of 1,380 m3/s (49,000 cu ft/s) has been reached during floods.
Hitachinaka, Ibaraki
Hitachinaka (ひたちなか市, Hitachinaka-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 154,663 in 64,900 households and a population density of 1547 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 26.1%. The total area of the city is 99.96 square kilometres (38.59 sq mi). It is a "hiragana city", the place name is written with the hiragana syllabary and not the traditional kanji.

Mito, Ibaraki
Mito (水戸市, Mito-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.to, mʲi.toꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Ibaraki Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 January 2024, the city had an estimated population of 268,036 in 126,055 households and a population density of 1,233 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 27.1%. The total area of the city is 217.32 square kilometres (83.91 sq mi).
Eretis djaelaelae
Eretis djaelaelae, commonly known as the marbled elf, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from Somalia southwards to South Africa. The habitat consists of savanna woodland and sometimes also grassland. Similar to Eretis umbra but has white forelegs.

The wingspan is 31–35 mm for males and 34–36 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, and it is more common in warmer areas. Peaks occur from September to March in southern Africa.

The larvae feed on Phaulopsis imbricata, Chaetacanthus setiger, Dyschoriste and Justicia species (including Justicia protracta).

Eretis umbra
Eretis umbra, commonly known as the small marbled elf, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from South Africa to eastern Africa and Uganda. Similar to Eretis djaelaelae but lacks white forelegs.

The wingspan is 30–32 mm for males and 32–37 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round in warmer areas and from August to May in cooler areas.

The larvae feed on Chaetacanthus setiger, Phaulopsis, Dyschoriste, Chaetacanthus (synonym of Dyschoriste), Justicia and Asystasia (including Asystasia schimperi).
Sitre In
The ancient Egyptian noble Sitre In (or Sitra In, or Sit-re known as In or Inet, or simply Sitre) was buried in the Valley of the Kings, in tomb KV60. She has been identified as the nurse of Hatshepsut. A life-sized statue of her holding Hatshepsut is inscribed with her charge, which is repeated on an ostrakon now in Vienna. Although not a member of the royal family, she received the honour of a burial in the royal necropolis. Her coffin has the inscription wr šdt nfrw nswt In, identifying her as the Great Royal Wet Nurse In.

Wet nurse
A wet nurse is a woman who breastfeeds and cares for another's child. Wet nurses are employed if the mother dies or if she is unable to nurse the child herself sufficiently or chooses not to do so. Wet-nursed children may be known as "milk-siblings", and in some societies, the families are linked by a special relationship of milk kinship. Wet-nursing existed in societies around the world until the invention of reliable formula milk in the 20th century. The practice has made a small comeback in the 21st century.
Mister Mind
Mister Mind is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, primarily as an enemy of Captain Marvel. Created by Otto Binder and C. C. Beck for Fawcett Comics, the character made a cameo appearance in Captain Marvel Adventures #22 (March 1943) before making his full first appearance in Captain Marvel Adventures #26 (August 1943). Mister Mind is a two-inch alien caterpillar-like being of high intelligence with telepathic powers who usually carries out his villainous plans through an organization called the Monster Society of Evil. The Society made its debut in Captain Marvel Adventures #22, and the resulting "Monster Society of Evil" story arc continued for two years in Captain Marvel Adventures, ending with issue #46 (May 1945).

Mister Mind appears in the DC Extended Universe films Shazam! and Shazam! Fury of the Gods, portrayed in CGI and voiced by director David F. Sandberg.

The Power of Shazam!
The Power of Shazam! is a 1994 hardcover graphic novel, written and painted by Jerry Ordway for DC Comics. The 96-page story, depicting the revamped origins of former Fawcett Comics superhero Captain Marvel, was followed by an ongoing series, also titled The Power of Shazam!, which ran from 1995 to 1999.
Dance Dance Revolution A20
Dance Dance Revolution A20 is a music video game, the 17th installment of the Dance Dance Revolution arcade series in Japan (the 8th in North America), and the sequel to Dance Dance Revolution A. The game was released on new, golden cabinets on March 20, 2019, in Japan. A software upgrade for older cabinets for Japan and Asia was released on July 24, 2019, with South Korea receiving a localized release on August 1, 2019, and North America on September 24, 2019. A location test in Europe began on October 7, 2019, and ended on March 16, 2020.

Dance Dance Revolution A20 Plus is an expansion pack that adds 106 new songs, 19 new courses, and other content. It was released on July 1, 2020, for Japanese 20th Anniversary cabinets and on July 6, 2020, for cabinets using an upgrade kit.

Round One Corporation
Round One Corporation (Japanese: ラウンドワン, Hepburn: Raundo Wan), stylized as ROUND1, is a Japan-based amusement store chain. In Japan, the amusement centers offer bowling alleys, arcade games, karaoke, and billiards. Select larger locations also include SpoCha, which is an abbreviation for “Sports Challenge”, which offers a variety of items and indoor activities such as batting cages, basketball, volleyball, tennis, futsal, driving range, etc. Round One Entertainment Inc. is an American subsidiary of Round One Corporation. The amusement centers in the U.S. offer a variety of bowling, karaoke, video game arcade cabinets and redemption games, billiards, darts, and ping pong while serving a variety of food and beverages.
Bernard Stiegler
Bernard Stiegler (French: [bɛʁnaʁ stiɡlɛʁ]; 1 April 1952 –  5 August 2020) was a French philosopher. He was head of the Institut de recherche et d'innovation (IRI), which he founded in 2006 at the Centre Georges-Pompidou. He was also founder of the political and cultural group Ars Industrialis in 2005. In 2010, he established the philosophy school, pharmakon.fr, held at Épineuil-le-Fleuriel. He co-founded Collectif Internation, a group of "politicised researchers" in 2018. His best known work is Technics and Time, 1: The Fault of Epimetheus.

Stiegler has been described as "one of the most influential European philosophers of the 21st century" and an important theorist of the effects of digital technology.

The Decadence of Industrial Democracies
The Decadence of Industrial Democracies: Disbelief and Discredit, Volume 1 (French: Mécréance et Discrédit: Tome 1, La décadence des démocraties industrielles) is a 2004 book by the French philosopher Bernard Stiegler. The French original was published by Galilée. The English translation by Daniel Ross and Suzanne Arnold was published by Polity Press in 2011. It is the first volume of a three-volume series; the second and third volumes were published in French in 2006.
Belarusian Latin alphabet
The Belarusian Latin alphabet or Łacinka (from Belarusian: лацінка, BGN/PCGN: latsinka, IPA: [laˈt͡sʲinka]) for the Latin script in general is the Latin script as used to write Belarusian. It is similar to the Sorbian alphabet and incorporates features of the Polish and Czech alphabets. Today, Belarusian most commonly uses the Cyrillic alphabet.

BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian
The BGN/PCGN romanization system for Belarusian is a method for romanization of Cyrillic Belarusian texts, that is, their transliteration into the Latin alphabet.

There are a number of systems for romanization of Belarusian, but the BGN/PCGN system is relatively intuitive for anglophones to pronounce. It is part of the larger set of BGN/PCGN romanizations, which includes methods for 29 different languages. It was developed by the United States Board on Geographic Names and by the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use. The portion of the system pertaining to the Belarusian language was jointly adopted by BGN and PCGN in 1979.

This romanization of Belarusian can be rendered by using only the basic letters and punctuation found on English-language keyboards: no diacritics or unusual letters are required, but the interpunct character (·) is optionally used to avoid some ambiguity.

The following table describes the system and provides examples.
Spinning wheel
A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from fibres. It was fundamental to the textile industry prior to the Industrial Revolution. It laid the foundations for later machinery such as the spinning jenny and spinning frame, which displaced the spinning wheel during the Industrial Revolution.

Hand spinning
Spinning is an ancient textile art in which plant, animal or synthetic fibres are drawn out and twisted together to form yarn. For thousands of years, fibre was spun by hand using simple tools, the spindle and distaff. After the introduction of the spinning wheel in the 13th century, the output of individual spinners increased dramatically. Mass production later arose in the 18th century with the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution. Hand-spinning remains a popular handicraft.

Characteristics of spun yarn vary according to the material used, fibre length and alignment, quantity of fibre used, and degree of twist.
Drogosze Palace
Drogosze Palace (Polish: Pałac rodu von Dönhoff w Drogoszach or Polish: Pałac w Drogoszach; German: Schloss Dönnhoffstädt) is a baroque palace in Drogosze, in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland, constructed between 1710 and 1714.

It was the seat of the Dönhoff family, members of the Prussian nobility. The palace was one of the so-called 'royal palaces' of the former province of East Prussia, which could be used by the king of Prussia while travelling around. Due to its 100 metres wide façade, it was the largest palace in Masuria and one of the largest in East Prussia as well.

Today, the palace is in poor condition and deteriorating. Also, the landscape park is fully neglected.

Friedrichstein Palace
Friedrichstein Palace (German: Schloss Friedrichstein) was a baroque palace near Königsberg, East Prussia. It was designed by Jean de Bodt, and constructed between 1709 and 1714. The palace was the main residence of the Dönhoff family.

The palace was one of the so-called 'royal palaces' of East Prussia, which could be used by the king of Prussia while travelling. In January 1945, the Red Army looted and destroyed the palace. It was considered one of the most beautiful stately homes in Prussia.

The German journalist and publisher Marion Dönhoff was born at the palace and grew up there. However, today nothing remains of the main building. The park still exists, as do various ancillary buildings.
Leonard Eugene Dickson
Leonard Eugene Dickson (January 22, 1874 – January 17, 1954) was an American mathematician. He was one of the first American researchers in abstract algebra, in particular the theory of finite fields and classical groups, and is also remembered for a three-volume history of number theory, History of the Theory of Numbers. The L. E. Dickson instructorships at the University of Chicago Department of Mathematics are named after him.

Finite field
In mathematics, a finite field or Galois field (so-named in honor of Évariste Galois) is a field that has a finite number of elements.  As with any field, a finite field is a set on which the operations of multiplication, addition, subtraction and division are defined and satisfy certain basic rules.  The most common examples of finite fields are the integers mod  when  is a prime number.

The order of a finite field is its number of elements, which is either a prime number or a prime power. For every prime number  and every positive integer  there are fields of order . All finite fields of a given order are isomorphic.

Finite fields are fundamental in a number of areas of mathematics and computer science, including number theory, algebraic geometry, Galois theory, finite geometry, cryptography and coding theory.
Tokyo Boys
The Tokyo Cadets or the Tokyo Boys, was the name given to the group of forty five youth recruits of the Indian National Army who were sent to the Imperial Japanese Army Academy or Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy to train as fighter pilots in 1944 by Subhas Chandra Bose. The cadets were captured as prisoners of war after Japan surrendered, but were released in 1946 after the end of the INA trials. The cadets became officers in the Indian forces, Burma Navy, Pakistan forces, and private pilots. Some of them became general officers.

Imperial Japanese Army Academy
The Imperial Japanese Army Academy  (陸軍士官学校, Rikugun Shikan Gakkō) was the principal officer's training school for the Imperial Japanese Army. The programme consisted of a junior course for graduates of local army cadet schools and for those who had completed four years of middle school, and a senior course for officer candidates.
Mourea
Mourea  is a settlement in Rotorua Lakes within the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island.

It is located on a thin strip of land between Lake Rotorua and Lake Rotoiti, on State Highway 33.

Rotorua Lakes District
Rotorua Lakes District or Rotorua District is a territorial authority district in the North Island of New Zealand. It has one urban area of significant size, the city of Rotorua. The district is governed by Rotorua Lakes Council, which is headquartered in Rotorua and is headed by a mayor. The district falls within two regional council areas, with the majority of the area and Rotorua city in the Bay of Plenty Region and the rest in the Waikato region. Tania Tapsell has been the mayor of Rotorua since the 2022 local elections.
Cuban espresso
Cuban espresso, also known as Café Cubano (or Colada, Cuban coffee, cafecito, Cuban pull, and Cuban shot), is a type of espresso that originated in Cuba. Specifically, it refers to an espresso shot which is sweetened (traditionally with natural brown sugar whipped with the first and strongest drops of espresso). However, the name can refer to coffee based drinks that include Cuban espresso as the main ingredient, such as café con leche.

Drinking café cubano remains a prominent social and cultural activity in Cuba and in Cuban-American communities, particularly in Miami, Tampa and the Florida Keys.

Cortado
A cortado is a Spanish beverage consisting of espresso mixed with a roughly equal amount of warm milk to reduce the acidity, although the exact ratios have considerable regional variation. The milk in a cortado is steamed, but not frothy and "texturized" as in many Italian coffee drinks. The cortado is commonly served all over Spain.  The word cortado is the past participle of the Spanish verb cortar (lit. 'to cut'), in the sense of to dilute, and can refer variously to either coffee or espresso drinks throughout Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries.
Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
The Grandmother
The Grandmother (Czech: Babička) is a novella written by Czech writer Božena Němcová in 1853–1854 and first published in 1855. It is her most popular work and is regarded as a classic piece of Czech literature. This most frequently read book of the Czech nation was published more than 300 times in Czech alone and translated into 21 other languages.

Božena Němcová
Božena Němcová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈboʒɛna ˈɲɛmt͡sovaː]) (4 February 1820 in Vienna – 21 January 1862 in Prague) was a Czech writer of the final phase of the Czech National Revival movement.

Her image is featured on the 500 CZK denomination of the Česká koruna.
Alvarenga (Arouca)
Alvarenga is a Portuguese community in the municipality of Arouca. The population in 2011 was 1,223, in an area of 38.77 km². It was a town (vila) between 1514 and 1836. Was formed by the predecessor community of Alvarenga and Canelas. Had, in 1801, 1998 inhabitants. It home to sports club G.D. Santa Cruz de Alvarenga.

Canelas (Arouca)
Canelas is a former civil parish, located in the municipality of Arouca, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Canelas e Espiunca. In 2001 it had an area of 20.89 km2, a population of 864 and a population density of 41.4 inhabitants/km2.

Canelas has been part of Arouca since 1843.  Before this, it was part of the community of Alvarenga. It includes Gamarão de Baixo, Gamarão de Cima, Mealha, Vilarinho, Estreitinha, Canelas de Baixo, and Canelas de Cima.
NK Široki Brijeg
Nogometni klub Široki Brijeg (English: Široki Brijeg Football Club) is a professional association football club from the city of Široki Brijeg, that is situated in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Currently, Široki Brijeg plays in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina and plays its home matches on Pecara Stadium which a capacity of 7,000 seats. The club also has a fully equipped sports and recreational center outside the town which is used as a training ground for the team.

Stadion Pecara
Pecara Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Široki Brijeg, Bosnia and Herzegovina.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of NK Široki Brijeg, and is also used for the final match of football tournament Mjesne Zajednice. The stadium has a capacity of 5,147 spectators.
Kryvorivnia
Kryvorivnia (Ukrainian: Криворівня) is a village in the Verkhovyna Raion of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast of Ukraine. It is considered both the traditional summer and the winter capital of the Hutsul people. Kryvorivnia belongs to Verkhovyna settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Hutsuls
The Hutsuls (Hutsul/Ukrainian: гуцули, romanized: hutsuly; Polish: Huculi, Hucułowie; Romanian: huțuli) are an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and northern Romania (i.e. parts of Bukovina and Maramureș).

In Ukraine, they have often been officially and administratively designated a subgroup of Ukrainians, and, among Ukrainian scholars, are largely regarded as constituting part of the broader Ukrainian ethnicity. However, in the eyes of some scholars and of some Hutsuls, they are either their own nation, or a part of the Rusyn nation, alongside the closely related ethnic groups of Boykos and Lemkos.