hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turkish Men's Volleyball Cup
Turkish Men's Volleyball Cup (Turkish: Kupa Voley Erkekler) is a national cup competition for professional men's volleyball teams in Turkey, organised by the Turkish Volleyball Federation since the 1988–89 season. Between 2003 and 2007, the tournament was not held for four consecutive seasons.

The most successful team of the competition are Halkbank with seven titles. The current champions are Arkas, who won their 3rd title by defeating rivals Galatasaray 3–2 in the 2022 final.

Arkas Spor
Arkas Spor is a professional volleyball team based in İzmir, Turkey. It plays in the Turkish Men's Volleyball League and in the CEV Champions League.

The Körfez Sports Club began competing in the 2nd volleyball league in the 1999-00 season. In 2001 it became the Saint Joseph Sports Club and in 2003 it was renamed Arkas Saint Joseph.

The club's name was changed to Arkas Sports Club at the Board of Directors meeting in May 2005. The club's primary sports branch is volleyball, but it is also active in sailing and bridge.

Arkas Sports Club is a young club that aims to increase the number of sports branches in which it participates every year.
Shahana Goswami
Shahana Goswami (born 6 May 1986) is an Indian actress. She became known for her supporting role in the musical drama film Rock On!! (2008), which won her the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress. She was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Firaaq (2009). She subsequently featured in films such as Heroine and Midnight's Children (both 2012) as well as the series A Suitable Boy (2020). Goswami has since taken on lead roles in the independent films Zwigato (2023) and Santosh (2024), the latter of which earned her the Asian Film Award for Best Actress.

Midnight's Children (film)
Midnight's Children is a 2012 film adaptation of Salman Rushdie's 1981 novel. The film features an ensemble cast of Satya Bhabha, Shriya Saran, Siddharth, Ronit Roy, Anupam Kher, Shabana Azmi, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Seema Biswas, Shahana Goswami, Samrat Chakrabarti, Rahul Bose, Soha Ali Khan, Anita Majumdar and Darsheel Safary. With a screenplay by Rushdie and directed by Deepa Mehta, the film began principal photography in Colombo, Sri Lanka, in February 2011 and wrapped in May 2011. Shooting was kept a secret as Mehta feared protests by Islamic fundamentalist groups.

The film was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival, the Vancouver International Film Festival, and the BFI London Film Festival. The film was also a nominee for Best Picture and seven other categories at the 1st Canadian Screen Awards, winning two awards.
Aid on the Edge of Chaos
Aid on the Edge of Chaos is a 2013 book on applying science and innovation to international development, published by Oxford University Press and written by global development and humanitarian expert Ben Ramalingam.

Ben Ramalingam
Ben Ramalingam (born April 1975) is a British researcher, strategist, innovator and author, currently Director of Strategy at British Red Cross, senior research associate at the Overseas Development Institute Politics and Governance programme  and advisor to the OECD Development Assistance Committee on innovation investments for development, humanitarian and human rights issues.

Ramalingam serves as a board member of the UK Global Grand Challenges Research Fund, a £1.5 billion fund to support cutting-edge research to address the challenges faced by low and middle-income countries. As well as his work at the Overseas Development Institute and the Institute of Development Studies, Ramalingam has advised the Red Cross, United Nations, and many national governments and NGOs.
Saudi Flag Day
Saudi Flag Day (Arabic: يوم العلم السعودي), officially the Flag Day (Arabic: يوم العلم), is a public holiday in Saudi Arabia observed annually on March 11 to commemorate the adoption of the unstandardized version of the country's national flag by King Abdulaziz ibn Saud in 1937. It was first celebrated on the 86th anniversary of the adoption in 2023, when King Salman bin Abdulaziz designated it as the nation's third non-religious legal holiday to be observed as per the Gregorian calendar after Saudi National Day and Saudi Founding Day.

Flag of Saudi Arabia
The national flag of Saudi Arabia is a green background with Arabic inscription and a sword in white. The inscription is the Islamic creed, or shahada: "There is no deity but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God". The current design has been used by the government of Saudi Arabia since 15 March 1973.
Bhandasar Jain Temple
Bhandasar Jain Temple or Bhanda Shah Jain temple, is a Śvetāmbara Jain temple located in Bikaner, Rajasthan. The temple is famous for wall painting and art work. This temple is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Bikaner
Bikaner (IPA: [biːkaːneːɾ] ⓘ) is a city in the  Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated approximately 330 kilometres (205 mi) northwest of the state capital, Jaipur, in the Thar Desert region of western Rajasthan. Bikaner serves as the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division. Formerly the capital of the princely Bikaner State, the city was founded in 1488 CE by Rao Bika, a Rajput chief of the Rathore dynasty. From its small origins it has developed into the fourth largest city in Rajasthan. The Ganga Canal, completed in 1928, and the Indira Gandhi Canal, completed in 1987, facilitated its development.
Adam Hart-Davis
Adam John Hart-Davis (born 4 July 1943) is an English scientist, author, photographer, historian and broadcaster. He presented the BBC television series Local Heroes and What the Romans Did for Us, the latter spawning several spin-off series involving the Victorians, the Tudors, the Stuarts and the Ancients. He was also a co-presenter of Tomorrow's World, and presented Science Shack.

Hart-Davis was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Photographic Society in 2007.

Tomorrow's World
Tomorrow's World  is a British television series about contemporary developments in science and technology. First broadcast on 7 July 1965 on BBC1, it ran for 38 years until it was cancelled at the beginning of 2003. The Tomorrow's World title was revived in 2017 as an umbrella brand for BBC science programming.
Sistan Basin
The Sistan Basin is an inland endorheic basin encompassing parts of southwestern Afghanistan and parts of southeastern Iran. It is one of the driest regions in the world and an area subject to prolonged droughts. Its watershed is a system of rivers flowing from the highlands of Afghanistan into freshwater lakes and marshes and then to its ultimate destination: Afghanistan's saline Godzareh Depression, part of the extensive Sistan terminal basin. The Helmand River drains the basin's largest watershed, fed mainly by snowmelt from the mountains of Hindu Kush, but other rivers contribute also.

A basalt hill, known as Mount Khajeh, rises beside the lakes and marshes of the basin.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
2012 Norwegian Air Force C-130 crash
On 15 March 2012, a C-130J Super Hercules military transport aircraft of the Royal Norwegian Air Force (Norwegian: Luftforsvaret) crashed into the western face of Mount Kebnekaise near Kiruna, Sweden. All five people on board were killed.

Kiruna Airport
Kiruna Airport is the northernmost airport in Sweden. It lies around 10 km (6.2 mi) from the old town centre of Kiruna and around 4 km from the new town centre. In 2023, the airport served 217,075 passengers.
16th Air Army
The 16th Red Banner Air Army (Russian: 16-я воздушная Краснознамённая армия) was the most important formation of the Special Purpose Command. Initially formed during the Second World War as a part of the Soviet Air Force, it was from its 2002 reformation to its 2009 disbandment the tactical air force component of the Moscow Military District. The 16th Air Army took part in the Battle of Berlin with 28 Aviation divisions and 7 Separate aviation regiments, and was located with the GSFG in East Germany until 1994. Withdrawn to Kubinka in that year, the army was disbanded and reformed as a corps in 1998. From 1949 to 1968, it was designated as the 24th Air Army.

Sperenberg Airfield
52°08′13.21″N 13°18′25.4″E﻿ / ﻿52.1370028°N 13.307056°E﻿ / 52.1370028; 13.307056
Sperenberg Airfield was a military air base located near the town of Sperenberg in Brandenburg, Germany. It served as a primary Soviet logistics hub  and was the departure point for Erich Honecker’s flight to Moscow in 1991.
Old Pinellas County Courthouse
The Old Pinellas County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in Clearwater, Florida, USA. It was designed by Francis J. Kennard and constructed in 1918. It replaced a hastily constructed structure created to help establish Clearwater as the county seat. It is located at 315 Court Street. On June 25, 1992, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Francis J. Kennard
Francis J. Kennard (March 15, 1865 - April 29, 1944) was a prolific architect of many prominent buildings in Tampa, Florida. The public buildings he designed are often in the Neoclassical style. His work includes Hillsborough High School, St. Andrews Episcopal Church, and the Belleview-Biltmore Hotel.  Kennard employed the French Renaissance Revival style in his design for el Centro Español de Tampa as well as influences from Moorish Revival and Spanish Mediterranean Revival.

Kennard's expansion plan for the Boca Grande Hotel became the Gasparilla Inn. At the opening, a contact he made later contracted for Kennard to design for the Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire), called Art Deco although it predates that style's designated period.
Kiva
A kiva (also estufa) is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" refers to a large, circular, underground room used for spiritual ceremonies and as a place of worship.

Similar subterranean rooms are found among ruins in the Southwestern United States, indicating uses by the ancient peoples of the region, including the ancestral Puebloans, the Mogollon culture, and the Hohokam. Those used by the ancient Pueblos of the Pueblo I period and following, designated by the Pecos Classification system developed by archaeologists, were usually round and evolved from simpler pit-houses. For the Ancestral Puebloans, these rooms are believed to have served a variety of functions, including domestic residence, social, and ceremonial purposes.

Mogollon culture
The Mogollon culture (/ˌmoʊɡəˈjoʊn/ moh-gə-YOHN) is a pre-historic archaeological culture of Native American peoples from Southern New Mexico and Arizona, Northern Sonora and Chihuahua, and Western Texas. The northern part of this region is Oasisamerica, while the southern span of the Mogollon culture is known as Aridoamerica.

The Mogollon culture is one of the most well known prehistoric Southwestern cultural divisions of the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. The culture flourished from the archaic period, c. 200 CE, to either 1450 or 1540 CE, when the Spanish arrived.
Clarinet Concerto (Nielsen)
Carl Nielsen's Concerto for Clarinet and orchestra, op. 57 [D.F.129] was written for Danish clarinetist Aage Oxenvad in 1928. The concerto is presented in one long movement, with four distinct theme groups.

Aage Oxenvad
Aage Oxenvad (16 January 1884 – 13 April 1944) was a Danish clarinetist who played in the Royal Danish Orchestra from 1909. Carl Nielsen wrote his Clarinet Concerto for Oxenvad who played at its premiere in 1928.
Pekka Sammallahti
Pekka Lars Kalervo Sammallahti (Inari Sami: Sevtil-Piäkká, May 21, 1947 in Helsinki) is a professor of Sámi languages at the Giellagas Institute at the University of Oulu. A prolific writer, he has published more than 100 books and articles related to Sápmi and the various Sámi languages. Sammallahti has also been a driving force in the work done to create official written languages for a number of Sámi languages.

He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.

He is the only brother of photographer Pentti Sammallahti.

Pentti Sammallahti
Pentti Sammallahti (born 1950) is a Finnish photographer. He is the only brother of Finnish linguist Pekka Sammallahti.

He taught at the Art and Design University in Helsinki for 17 years. In 1991, he was given a twenty-year grant by the Finnish government.
Interstate 10 in Arizona
In the U.S. state of Arizona, Interstate 10 (I‑10), the major east–west Interstate Highway in the United States Sun Belt, runs east from California, enters Arizona near the town of Ehrenberg and continues through Phoenix and Tucson and exits at the border with New Mexico near San Simon. The highway also runs through the cities of Casa Grande, Eloy, and Marana. Segments of the highway are referred to as either the Papago Freeway, Inner Loop, or Maricopa Freeway within the Phoenix area and the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway outside metro Phoenix.

San Simon, Arizona
San Simon is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cochise County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 165. San Simon is located along Interstate 10, 40 miles (64 km) east of Willcox. The community has a ZIP code of 85632.
Breakthrough (1950 film)
Breakthrough is a 1950 American war film directed by Lewis Seiler and starring John Agar about an American infantry unit in World War II. Approximately one-third of the film was assembled from preexisting footage.

Frank Lovejoy
Frank Andrew Lovejoy Jr. (March 28, 1912 – October 2, 1962) was an American actor in radio, film, and television. He is perhaps best remembered for appearing in the film noir The Hitch-Hiker and for starring in the radio drama Night Beat.
Zuph
Zuph means honeycomb in Hebrew

According to the Books of Chronicles, a Kohathite Levite, a fact not mentioned in the books of Samuel. He was the ancestor of Elkanah and Samuel (1 Samuel 1:1); called also Zophai in the parallel passage, 1 Chronicles 6:26 (or 1 Chronicles 6:11 in Hebrew Bible).

Land of Zuph (1 Samuel 9:5, 6), a district in which lay Samuel's city, Ramathaim-Zophim. It was probably so named after Zuph (1 Chronicles 6:26). Zuph and the city of Ramathaim-Zophim are mentioned in the Bible together with Mount Ephraim, suggesting that they shared a similar locality.

Samuel
Samuel is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the biblical judges to the United Kingdom of Israel under Saul, and again in the monarchy's transition from Saul to David. He is venerated as a prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In addition to his role in the Jewish Bible/Old Testament, Samuel is mentioned in Jewish rabbinical literature, in the Christian New Testament, and in the second chapter of the Quran (although the text does not mention him by name). He is also treated in the fifth through seventh books of Antiquities of the Jews, written by the Jewish scholar Josephus in the first century. He is first called "the Seer" in 1 Samuel 9:9.
Zgorzelec
Zgorzelec ([zɡɔˈʐɛlɛt͡s] ⓘ, German: Görlitz, Upper Sorbian: Zhorjelc [ˈzhɔʁʲɛlts] ⓘ, Czech: Zhořelec, Lower Sorbian: Zgórjelc) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland, with 30,374 inhabitants (2019). It is the seat of Zgorzelec County and of Gmina Zgorzelec (although it is not part of the territory of the latter, as the town is an urban gmina in its own right).

Zgorzelec is located on the Lusatian Neisse river, on the Polish-German border adjoining the German town of Görlitz, of which it constituted the eastern part up to 1945. Through its history it has been at various times under German, Polish, Czech and Hungarian rule. In recent history, it became known as the location of a major German-operated prisoner-of-war camp for Allied soldiers of various nationalities during World War II, the place of signing of the Treaty of Zgorzelec, and the home of the successful Turów Zgorzelec basketball team, which played in the Euroleague and EuroCup.

Zgorzelec County
Zgorzelec County (Polish: powiat zgorzelecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. It is situated in the extreme south-west of Poland, bordering both Germany and the Czech Republic. The county covers an area of 838.1 square kilometres (323.6 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Zgorzelec, on the German border; the other towns in the county are Bogatynia, Pieńsk, Zawidów and Węgliniec.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 89,612. The most populated towns are Zgorzelec with 30,374 inhabitants and Bogatynia with 17,436 inhabitants.
Gmina Walce
Gmina Walce (German: Gemeinde Walzen) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Walce, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south of Krapkowice and 34 km (21 mi) south of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 69.29 square kilometres (26.8 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 5,438. Since 2006, the commune, like much of the area, has been bilingual in Polish and German.

Walce
Walce ([ˈvalt͡sɛ], additional name in German: Walzen) is a village in Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Walce.
True Grit: A Further Adventure
True Grit: A Further Adventure is a 1978 American Western television film directed by Richard T. Heffron. It is the third installment in the True Grit film series, intended as a backdoor pilot for a TV series. Warren Oates takes over the role of Rooster Cogburn in this version. Lisa Pelikan portrays Mattie Ross, played in the first film by Kim Darby.  The supporting cast features Lee Meriwether and Parley Baer.

Lee Meriwether
Lee Ann Meriwether (born May 27, 1935) is an American retired actress and the winner of the 1955 Miss America pageant. She has appeared in many films and television shows, notably as Betty Jones, the title character's secretary and daughter-in-law in the 1970s crime drama Barnaby Jones starring Buddy Ebsen. The role earned her two Golden Globe Award nominations in 1975 and 1976, and an Emmy Award nomination in 1977. She is also known for her portrayal of Catwoman, replacing Julie Newmar in the theatrical film Batman (1966), and for a co-starring role on the science-fiction series The Time Tunnel. Meriwether had a recurring role as Ruth Martin on the daytime soap opera All My Children until the end of the series in September 2011.
Davidov Stradivarius
The Davidov Stradivarius (also: Davidoff or Davydov; Russian: Давыдов) is an antique cello made in 1712 by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona, Italy. It is very similar in construction and form to the equally famed Duport Stradivarius, built a year earlier and played by Mstislav Rostropovich until his death in 2007. The varnish is of a rich orange-red hue, produced with oil color glazes. Its owners have included Karl Davydov and Jacqueline du Pré, and it is currently used by cellist Yo-Yo Ma.

Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (/ˌstrædɪˈvɑːri/, also US: /-ˈvɛəri/, Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo stradiˈvaːri]; c. 1644 – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.
Galician wine
Galician wine (Galician: Viño galego or Viño de Galicia) is Spanish wine made in the autonomous community of Galicia in the northwestern Spain. It includes wine made in the provinces of A Coruña, Ourense, Pontevedra and Lugo. Within Galicia are five Denominacións de Orixe (DO): Monterrei, Rías Baixas, Ribeira Sacra, Ribeiro and Valdeorras. In recent years, the region has seen a resurgence in its wine industry led by the international acclaim being received by the Rías Baixas region for its Albariño wines.

Province of Pontevedra
The province of Pontevedra (Spanish: Provincia de Pontevedra, Galician: Provincia de Pontevedra) is a province of Spain, located in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, and Ourense, the country of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. There is a public institution named the Provincial Deputation of Pontevedra (provincial council), whose head office is in Pontevedra city, that provides direct services to citizens such as technical, financial and technological support to the councils of the 61 municipalities of the province of Pontevedra.

As of 2024, the population of the province is 947,869, of which 8% live in the capital, the city of Pontevedra, and 31% in Vigo.
Pokrovske Raion
Pokrovske Raion (Ukrainian: Покровський район) was a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at the urban-type settlement of Pokrovske. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Pokrovske Raion was merged into Synelnykove Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 33,124 (2020 est.).

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Malomykhailivka rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Malomykhailivka;

Pokrovske settlement hromada with the administration in Pokrovske;

Velykomykhailivka rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Velykomykhailivka.

Pokrovske, Synelnykove Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Pokrovske (Ukrainian: Покро́вське) is a rural settlement in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, east-central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Pokrovske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement has population around 9,489 (2022 estimate).