hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claude Ewing Rusk
Claude Ewing Rusk (November 20, 1871 – February 3, 1931), also known as C. E. Rusk, was an American mountaineer, lawyer, and writer from Washington who pioneered routes up Mount Adams, Mount Baker, and Glacier Peak. He also ascended many other peaks in Washington, Oregon, and California.

Rusk Glacier
Rusk Glacier is located on the eastern face of Mount Adams in the U.S. state of Washington. Starting at an elevation of over 10,200 ft (3,100 m) at just below The Castle, the glacier flows eastward down slope. A significant portion of the glacier is covered by rock debris and in the middle of the glacier, at about 9,200 ft (2,800 m), there is a small ice-free island of rock. The glacier terminates at about 7,500 ft (2,300 m) at its rock-covered moraine. The glacier has decreased in surface area by 23 percent between 1904 and 2006.
International Security Studies Program (Fletcher School)
42°24′27.58″N 71°07′18.08″W﻿ / ﻿42.4076611°N 71.1216889°W﻿ / 42.4076611; -71.1216889

The Fletcher School's International Security Studies Program (ISSP or ISS) is a center for the study of international security studies and security policy development. It was established in 1971 at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. ISSP conducts its academic activity through courses, simulations, conferences, and research. It also has a military fellows program for midcareer U.S. officers.

Richard H. Shultz
Richard H. Shultz Jr. (October 25, 1947 – November 22, 2025) was an American scholar of international security studies. He was Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of International Security Studies at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, where he was also the director of the International Security Studies Program (ISSP).
Smithdale, Mississippi
Smithdale is an unincorporated community located in Amite County, Mississippi, United States. Smithdale is approximately 5.6 miles (9.0 km) south-southwest of Auburn on Mississippi Highway 570 and a part of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Smithdale has a post office with a zip code of 39664.

Auburn, Mississippi
Auburn is an unincorporated community located in Lincoln County, Mississippi, United States. Auburn is approximately 5.6 miles (9.0 km) east-northeast of Smithdale near U.S. Route 98.

In 1900, Auburn was home to a high school and masonic lodge and had a population of 57.

A post office operated under the name Auburn from 1890 to 1953.
Laura M. Cobb
Laura Mae Cobb (May 11, 1892 – September 27, 1981) was a member of the United States Navy Nurse Corps who served during World War II. She received numerous decorations for her actions as a POW of the Japanese, during which she continued to serve as chief nurse for eleven other imprisoned Navy nurses—known as the "Sacred Twelve" that were captured in Manila, some 3 1/2 and 4 1/2 months before Bataan and Corregidor fell to the Japanese. She retired from the Nurse Corps as a lieutenant commander in 1947.

Raid on Los Baños
The Raid on Los Baños (Filipino: Pagsalakay sa Los Baños) in the Philippines, early Friday morning on 23 February 1945, was executed by a combined United States Army Airborne and Filipino guerrilla task force, resulting in the liberation of 2,147 Allied civilian and military internees from an agricultural school campus turned Japanese internment camp. The raid has been celebrated as one of the most successful rescue operations in modern military history. It was the second precisely-executed raid by combined U.S.-Filipino forces within a month, following on the heels of the Raid at Cabanatuan at Luzon on 30 January, in which 522 Allied military POWs had been rescued.: 4
Hans Christian Andersen bibliography
This is a list of published works by Hans Christian Andersen. The list has been supplemented with a few important posthumous editions of his works; the year given in each entry refers to the first Danish edition. They are all in the public domain because Andersen died over 100 years ago.

The Most Incredible Thing
"The Most Incredible Thing" (Danish: Det Utroligste) is the final literary fairy tale by Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen (1805–1875). The story is about a contest to find the most incredible thing and the wondrous consequences when the winner is chosen.  The tale was first published in an English translation by Horace Scudder, an American correspondent of Andersen's, in the United States in September 1870 before being published in the original Danish in Denmark in October 1870. "The Most Incredible Thing" was the first of Andersen's tales to be published in Denmark during World War II. Andersen considered the tale one of his best.
Yves Bonnefoy
Yves Jean Bonnefoy (24 June 1923, Tours – 1 July 2016, Paris) was a French poet and art historian. He also published a number of translations, most notably the plays of William Shakespeare which are considered among the best in French. He was a professor at the Collège de France from 1981 to 1993 and is the author of several works on art, art history, and artists including Miró and Giacometti, and a monograph on Paris-based Iranian artist Farhad Ostovani. The Encyclopædia Britannica states that Bonnefoy was ″perhaps the most important French poet of the latter half of the 20th century.″

Galway Kinnell
Galway Mills Kinnell (February 1, 1927 – October 28, 2014) was an American poet. His dark poetry emphasized scenes and experiences in threatening, ego-less natural environments. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his 1982 collection, Selected Poems and split the National Book Award for Poetry with Charles Wright. From 1989 to 1993, he was poet laureate for the state of Vermont.

Although exploring arguably darker themes, Kinnell has been regarded as being in line with Walt Whitman in his rejection of the idea of seeking personal fulfillment by escaping into the imaginary world. His most celebrated and commonly anthologized poems include the poem cycle The Book of Nightmares, as well as "St. Francis and the Sow", "After Making Love We Hear Footsteps", and "Wait".
Fishguard and Goodwick railway station
Fishguard and Goodwick railway station is a railway station sited 1 mile from Fishguard in the neighbouring town of Goodwick, Pembrokeshire, Wales. It is owned by Pembrokeshire County Council and just over 1⁄2 mile (0.80 km) from the larger Fishguard Harbour station. Following its closure in 1964 (1980 for Motorail), it reopened on 14 May 2012 following investment from Network Rail and Pembrokeshire County Council.

Goodwick
Goodwick (/ˈɡʊdɪk/; Welsh: Wdig) is a coastal town in Pembrokeshire, Wales, immediately west of its twin town of Fishguard.

Fishguard and Goodwick form a community that wraps around Fishguard Bay. As well as the two towns, it consists of Dyffryn, Stop-and-Call, Harbour Village, Lower Town, and Penyraber. A Goodwick electoral ward exists covering the town with a total population of 1,988 at the 2011 census.
Roger Elliott (governor)
Major General Roger Elliott (c. 1665 – 16 May 1714
)
was one of the earliest British Governors of Gibraltar. A member of the Eliot family, his son Granville Elliott became the first Count Elliott and his nephew George Augustus Eliott also became a noted Governor and defender of Gibraltar.

George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield
General George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield, KB, PC (25 December 1717 – 6 July 1790) was a British Army officer who served as the governor of Gibraltar from 1779 to 1790. Eliott rose to distinction during the Seven Years' War when he fought in Germany and participated in the capture of Belle Île and siege of Havana. He is most notable for his command of the Gibraltar garrison during the Great Siege of Gibraltar, which lasted from 1779 to 1783, during the American War of Independence. He was celebrated for his successful defence of the fortress and decisive defeat of Spanish and French attackers.
Nasrullah Mosque
Nasrullah Mosque (Turkish: Nasrullah Cami) is a 16th-century Ottoman mosque in Kastamonu, Turkey.

It is located in Kastamonu just west of the Kastamonu Governor's Office and Gök River.

The mosque was commissioned by Kadı Nasrullah, a judge of the Ottoman Empire. It was built in 1506, during the reign of Sultan Bayazid II. The building underwent restorations in 1746, 1845 and 1945.

The mosque has nine domes over six square columns each with the dimensions of 1.60 m × 1.60 m (5.2 ft × 5.2 ft). The narthex (Turkish: son cemaat yeri) has seven domes over ten columns. The pretentious public fountain (Turkish: şadırvan) of the mosque is in the courtyard to the north of the mosque. The mosque has two minarets.

Kastamonu
Kastamonu, formerly Kastamone/Castamone (Greek: Κασταμονή) and Kastamon/Castamon (Greek: Κασταμών), is a city in northern Turkey. It is the seat of Kastamonu Province and Kastamonu District. Its population is 125,622 (2021). The city lies at an elevation of 904 m (2,966 ft). It is located in the southern part of the province.
Gustave Frédéric Dollfus
Gustave Frédéric Dollfus (26 November 1850, Paris – 6 November 1931, Paris) was a French geologist and malacologist. He was the father of parasitologist Robert-Philippe Dollfus (1887–1976).

In 1868–70 he studied geology under Edmond Hébert at the Sorbonne, then continued his education in Lille as a pupil of Jules Gosselet. In 1879 he began work at the Service de la carte géologique de la France (Department of French geological cartography).

He was twice chosen as president of the Société de géologie de France (1896 and 1916). In 1923 he was awarded the Lyell Medal by the Geological Society of London.

His name is associated with several species of mollusk, an example being Chrysallida dollfusi, a sea snail described by Wilhelm Kobelt in 1903. The World Register of Marine Species lists 272 marine species named by Dollfus.

Lyell Medal
The Lyell Medal is a prestigious annual scientific medal given by the Geological Society of London, equal in status to the Murchison Medal. This medal is awarded based on one Earth Scientist's exceptional contribution of research to the scientific community.  It is named after Charles Lyell.
Ansumane Mané
Brigadier General Ansumane Mané (c. 1940 – 30 November 2000) was a Bissau-Guinean military officer who led a 1998 uprising against the government of President João Bernardo Vieira, which caused a brief but bloody civil war.

Mané participated in the independence war against Portugal where he was Vieira's bodyguard. A close ally of Vieira, he backed him in the 1980 coup against Guinea Bissau President Luís Cabral. Mané was head of the armed forces of Guinea Bissau during Vieira's presidency before Vieira sacked him in 1998, accusing him of smuggling arms to Casamance separatist rebels in Senegal. Mané subsequently mobilized the troops formerly under his command and led a rebellion against Vieira.

Kumba Yala
Kumba Yalá Embaló, also spelled Ialá (15 March 1953 – 4 April 2014), was a Bissau-Guinean politician who was president from 17 February 2000 until he was deposed in a bloodless military coup on 14 September 2003. He belonged to the Balanta ethnic group and was President of the Social Renewal Party (PRS). In 2008 he converted to Islam and took the name Mohamed Yalá Embaló. He was the founder of the Party for Social Renewal.
National Police Service Medal
The National Police Service Medal (NPSM) is a special service award within the Australian honours system to provide "recognition for the unique contribution and significant commitment of those persons who have given ethical and diligent service as a sworn member of an Australian police service".

The NPSM is awarded for "15 years 'ethical and diligent service' on or after 14 February 1975, or for a lesser period if that service was terminated due to the member's death, or to an impairment related to the discharge of their duties as a Constable of Police".

Australian police continue to receive the National Medal to recognise their long service. Thus, at the completion of 15 years 'ethical and diligent service', a police officer may receive both the National Police Service Medal and the National Medal.

Australian honours order of wearing
The Governor-General of Australia publishes the order of wearing of Australian orders, decorations and medals in the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. The Order of Wearing Australian Honours and Awards was last published in 2007.
Tashan Power Plant
The Tashan Power Plant (traditional Chinese: 塔山發電廠; simplified Chinese: 塔山发电厂; pinyin: Tǎshān Fādiànchǎng) is a fuel-fired power plant in Tashan, Shuitou Village, Jincheng Township, Kinmen County, Fujian Province, Republic of China.

Jincheng, Kinmen
Jincheng Township (Chinese: 金城鎮) is an urban township on the southwestern corner of the island of Kinmen (Quemoy). It is the county seat of Kinmen County, Fuchien Province, (Taiwan). Jincheng was the seat of the ROC's Fukien Province from 1949–1956 and 1996–2018. In March 2012, it was named one of the Top 10 Small Tourist Towns by the Tourism Bureau.
Pryor Avenue Iron Well
The Pryor Avenue Iron Well, or Iron Well, is an early artesian water well located in the Bay View Historic District of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was built in 1882 and named for its high iron content. Originally water naturally flowed from the pressurized aquifer below. The original hand pump is now replaced with an electric pump. It was designated a Milwaukee landmark in 1980 for its significance as the last remaining public well in the city.

Bay View, Milwaukee
Bay View is a neighborhood in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, North America on the shores of Lake Michigan, south of the downtown area and north of the City of St. Francis. Bay View existed as an independent village for eight years, from 1879 to 1887.
Hanover Square (Manhattan)
Hanover Square is a square with a public park in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City.  It is triangular in shape, formed by the intersections of Pearl Street and Hanover Street; Pearl Street and a street named Hanover Square; and  William Street (northern continuation of Hanover Square street) and Stone Street. The side between the Pearl/Hanover Street intersection and the William/Stone intersection is a pedestrian pathway. Most surrounding buildings are primarily commercial.

The square's pocket park is the  Queen Elizabeth II September 11th  Garden, maintained by the New York City Department of Parks, and has an area of 0.056 acres (0.023 ha) or 2,440 square feet (227 m2).

Pearl Street (Manhattan)
Pearl Street is a street in the Financial District in Lower Manhattan, running northeast from Battery Park to the Brooklyn Bridge with an interruption at Fulton Street, where Pearl Street's alignment west of Fulton Street shifts one block south of its alignment east of Fulton Street, then turning west and terminating at Centre Street.
Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.

Republic of Letters
The Republic of Letters (Res Publica Litterarum or Res Publica Literaria) was the long-distance intellectual community in the late 17th and 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas. It fostered communication among the intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment, or philosophes as they were called in France. These communities that transcended national boundaries formed the basis of a metaphysical republic. Because of societal constraints on women, the Republic of Letters consisted mostly of men.

The Republic of Letters relied heavily on handwritten letters for correspondence.

Historians are presently debating the importance of the Republic of Letters in influencing the Enlightenment. Dena Goodman and Susan Dalton hold the view that women played a role in the Enlightenment.
Floating Me
Floating Me (sometimes stylised as FLOATINGME) were a progressive rock group from Sydney, Australia, featuring Lucius Borich from Cog, Jon Stockman of Karnivool and Andrew Gillespie, Antony Brown and Tobias Messiter from the '90s grunge/metal band Scary Mother. Their 2011 debut album entered the ARIA album chart at #90.

Cog (band)
Cog are an Australian rock band that formed in 1998. Their debut album, The New Normal, was nominated for Triple J's 2005 J Award. The band's music is influenced by Tool, Isis, Nina Simone, Bob Marley, Leftfield, Deftones and Helmet.
2022 FIA Motorsport Games Esports Cup
The 2022 Fanatec FIA Motorsport Games Esports Cup was the second FIA Motorsport Games Digital Cup, to be held at Circuit Paul Ricard, France on 26 October to 30 October 2022. The race was contested with GT3-spec cars. The event is the part of the 2022 FIA Motorsport Games.

2022 FIA Motorsport Games
The 2022 FIA Motorsport Games was the second edition of the FIA Motorsport Games. The event took place on 26–30 October 2022 with Marseille as a host city, and the Circuit Paul Ricard, Le Castellet as the venue for all the track-based disciplines. Scheduled initially for 23–25 October 2020, and later for 29–31 October 2021, the event was postponed two years in a row due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From this edition onwards, the FIA Motorsport Games will be held every two years, as opposed to an annual format.

Russia was banned from participating due to its invasion of Ukraine.
Felix Fuld
Felix Fuld (19 July 1868 – 20 January 1929) built one of America's well-known department stores – L. Bamberger & Company with his partner, Louis Bamberger.  He was an early 20th century philanthropist contributing to many local, regional, and international organizations.  He arrived in Newark, New Jersey in 1892 and soon thereafter established the department store with Louis Bamberger and Louis Frank.  Felix Fuld married his business partner's sister, Caroline Bamberger Fuld who carried on his charitable work after his death at age 60, including the establishment of the Institute for Advanced Study.

Louis Bamberger
Louis Bamberger (May 15, 1855 – March 11, 1944) was an American businessman and philanthropist who co-founded the Bamberger's department store in Newark, New Jersey. He and his sister Caroline Bamberger Fuld co-founded the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
Jean Sorel
Jean Bernard Antoine de Chieusses de Combaud de Roquebrune CAL (born 25 September 1934), known professionally as Jean Sorel (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ sɔʁɛl]), is a French actor. He was a leading man of European cinema during the 1960s and '70s, with a screen persona that often drew comparisons with Alain Delon.

Jean Bastien-Thiry
Jean-Marie Bastien-Thiry (19 October 1927 – 11 March 1963) was a French Air Force lieutenant colonel, military air-weaponry engineer and the creator of the Nord SS.10/SS.11 missiles. Bastien-Thiry and multiple colleagues attempted to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle in the Petit-Clamart attack of 22 August 1962 in retaliation for de Gaulle's decision to accept Algerian independence. Bastien-Thiry remains the most recent person to be executed by firing squad in France.

Although the assassination attempt nearly claimed de Gaulle's life, he and his entire entourage escaped injury. The event is depicted in Frederick Forsyth's 1971 novel The Day of the Jackal and in the 1973 film adaptation of the same name, in which Bastien-Thiry is portrayed by actor Jean Sorel.
Mount Myōgi
Mount Myōgi (妙義山, Myōgi-san) is one of the major mountains in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Its straddles the border between the municipalities of Annaka, Shimonita and Tomioka. Known for its steep, rocky formations, Mount Myōgi is considered one of Japan's three most noted rugged, scenic locations. The area includes many hiking routes, and the scene attracts visitors during the autumn foliage season. The highest point is the peak of the Mt. Sōmadake (相馬岳) reaching 1,104 metres (3,622 ft). It is also a National Place of Scenic Beauty as determined by the Agency for Cultural Affairs in Japan in 1923.

Mount Myōgi, along with Mount Akagi and Mount Haruna, is one of the "Three Mountains of Jōmō". (Jōmō is an old name for Gunma.). It is also featured on the 'mo' card in Jomo Karuta.

Annaka, Gunma
Annaka (安中市, Annaka-shi) is a city located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 47,911 in 24,749 households, and a population density of 210 persons per square kilometre. The total area of the city is 276.31 km2 (106.68 sq mi).
Three Forks, South Dakota
Three Forks is an unincorporated community in Pennington County, South Dakota, United States. It lies at the intersection of U.S. Routes 16 and 385, just north of Hill City along Spring Creek. A small general store featuring fuel is open year-round; other businesses are open seasonally, including a campground, a motel, a miniature golf-course, and an ice-cream stand. The campground is the site of an annual Octoberfest event, and the area is heavily patronized during the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally in August of each year. In recent years, considerable residential development of the immediate area has swollen its population.

From Three Forks:

East (US 16) to the Keystone Wye and Rapid City.

North (US 385) to Sheridan Lake, Lead, and Deadwood.

South (US 16 and US 385 multiplexed) to Hill City and Custer.

Three Forks is one of several places in the Black Hills where there are two routes indicated by highway signage directing travelers to Mount Rushmore National Memorial.

Sheridan Lake (South Dakota)
Sheridan Lake, a reservoir, is located on Spring Creek in Pennington County, South Dakota.  Built over the site of Sheridan, the first county seat, it is owned and operated by the United States Forest Service and is one of the recreational areas of the Black Hills National Forest.
Ishikawa Nanao Art Museum
Ishikawa Nanao Art Museum (石川県七尾美術館, Ishikawa Nanao bijutsukan) opened in 1995 in Nanao, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. The main art gallery on the Noto Peninsula, the collection includes works by Hasegawa Tōhaku.

Nanao, Ishikawa
Nanao (七尾市, Nanao-shi) is a city located in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 March 2022, the city had an estimated population of 49,660 people in 21,809 households. The total area of the city was 318.32 square kilometres (122.90 sq mi). Nanao is the fifth largest city by population in Ishikawa, behind Kanazawa, Hakusan, Komatsu, and Kaga.
Kent Island (Queensland)
Kent Island is an island in the Australian state of Queensland located about 80 km North of Dunk Island and east of the Cowley Beach Training area (established 1977) and north of the South Barnard Islands. North west of Kent Island is Jessie Island, Hutchinson Island and Bresnahan Island.

Jessie Island
Jessie Island is about 80 km north of Dunk Island and east of the Cowley Beach Training area (established 1977) and north of the South Barnard Islands.

Jessie Island is north of Kent Island and is part of the North Barnard Islands. It is around 3 hectares or 0.03 square km in size.

This island is protected by the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection due to the migratory birds that rest on the island.

Jessie Island is a popular kayaking location and there have been sightings of humpback whales.

In early World War II, Jessie Island was used as a Russian temporary airforce landing point.