hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Macau Resident Identity Card
The Macau Resident Identity Card (Chinese: 澳門居民身份證; Portuguese: Bilhete de Identidade de Residente) or BIR is an official identity card issued by the Identification  Services  Bureau of Macau. There are two types of Resident Identity Cards: one for permanent residents and one for non-permanent residents.

Visit Permit for Residents of Macao to Hong Kong
The Visit Permit for Residents of the Macao SAR to the Hong Kong SAR (Traditional Chinese: 澳門居民往來香港特別行政區旅遊證; Portuguese: Título de Visita de Residentes de Macau à RAEHK) is a travel document used by eligible Macau residents to enter Hong Kong. It is valid for seven years, and allows the holder to make multiple visits to Hong Kong, each time for up to 180 days (for permanent residents of Macau) and up to thirty days (for non-permanent residents of Macau) for pleasure or business without the need to apply for visas or entry permits.

A Declaration Form for Holders of the Macau SAR Permanent Resident Identity Card to Hong Kong SAR is not needed if entering Hong Kong using this travel document.
Duke of Richmond
Duke of Richmond is a title in the Peerage of England that has been created four times in British history. It has been held by members of the royal Tudor and Stuart families.

The current dukedom of Richmond was created in 1675 for Charles Lennox, the illegitimate son of Charles II of England and one of his mistresses, the Breton noblewoman Louise de Penancoët de Kérouaille; Charles Lennox was also made Duke of Lennox a month later. Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond was furthermore created Duke of Gordon in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1876, meaning that the Duke holds three dukedoms—plus, in pretence, the French Duchy of Aubigny-sur-Nère.

Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond
Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Gordon, KG, PC (27 February 1818 – 27 September 1903), styled Earl of March until 1860, was a British landowner and Conservative politician.
Hutsuls
The Hutsuls (Hutsul/Ukrainian: гуцули, romanized: hutsuly; Polish: Huculi, Hucułowie; Romanian: huțuli) are an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and northern Romania (i.e. parts of Bukovina and Maramureș).

In Ukraine, they have often been officially and administratively designated a subgroup of Ukrainians, and, among Ukrainian scholars, are largely regarded as constituting part of the broader Ukrainian ethnicity. However, in the eyes of some scholars and of some Hutsuls, they are either their own nation, or a part of the Rusyn nation, alongside the closely related ethnic groups of Boykos and Lemkos.

East Slavs
The East Slavs are a subgroup of the Slavs who speak East Slavic languages and inhabit Eastern Europe. They formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they consider their cultural ancestor. Belarusians, Russians and Ukrainians are the existing East Slavic groups. Rusyns and Don Cossacks are sometimes considered a separate nation, though they are often considered a subgroup of Ukrainians and Russians.
Audi A1
The Audi A1 is a luxury supermini car launched by Audi at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show. Sales of the initial three-door A1 model started in Germany in August 2010, with the United Kingdom following in November 2010. The five-door model marketed as the Sportback was launched in November 2011, with sales starting in export markets during early 2012. The second generation was released in 2019; the three-door hatchback model was discontinued in 2018 along with the first generation.

Tokyo Motor Show
The Japan Mobility Show (ジャパンモビリティショー), called Tokyo Motor Show (東京モーターショー) (TMS) until 2023, is a biennial auto show held in October–November at the Tokyo Big Sight, Tokyo, Japan for cars, motorcycles and commercial vehicles. Hosted by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA), it is a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, and normally sees more concept cars than actual production car introductions, which is the reason why the automotive press sees the show as one of the motorshow's big five (along with Detroit, Geneva, Frankfurt and Paris).

For the first time in its 67-year history, the show was cancelled for 2021 due to rising cases of COVID-19.
Complex polytope
In geometry, a complex polytope is a generalization of a polytope in real space to an analogous structure in a complex Hilbert space, where each real dimension is accompanied by an imaginary one.

A complex polytope may be understood as a collection of complex points, lines, planes, and so on, where every point is the junction of multiple lines, every line of multiple planes, and so on.

Precise definitions exist only for the regular complex polytopes, which are configurations. The regular complex polytopes have been completely characterized, and can be described using a symbolic notation developed by Coxeter.

Some complex polytopes which are not fully regular have also been described.

Coxeter–Dynkin diagram
In geometry, a Coxeter–Dynkin diagram (or Coxeter diagram, Coxeter graph) is a graph with numerically labeled edges (called branches) representing a Coxeter group or sometimes a uniform polytope or uniform tiling constructed from the group.

A class of closely related objects is the Dynkin diagrams, which differ from Coxeter diagrams in two respects: firstly, branches labeled "4" or greater are directed, while Coxeter diagrams are undirected; secondly, Dynkin diagrams must satisfy an additional (crystallographic) restriction, namely that the only allowed branch labels are 2, 3, 4, and 6. Dynkin diagrams correspond to and are used to classify root systems and therefore semisimple Lie algebras.
Bronów, Silesian Voivodeship
Bronów is a village in Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. The village lies on the edge of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

The name of the village is derived from German personal name Bruno.

Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice
Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czechowice-Dziedzice, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Bielsko-Biała and 36 km (22 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 66.28 square kilometres (25.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 45,451.
Javan black-capped babbler
The Javan black-capped babbler (Pellorneum capistratum) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae.
It is endemic to the island of Java in Indonesia. The Malayan black-capped babbler (P. nigrocapitatum) and the Bornean black-capped babbler (P. capistratoides) were both formerly considered conspecific, but were split from it in 2021.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.

Malayan black-capped babbler
The Malayan black-capped babbler (Pellorneum nigrocapitatum) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae.
It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Bangka Island, Belitung and North Natuna. This species, the Javan black-capped babbler (P. capistratum) and the Bornean black-capped babbler (P. capistratoides) were formerly considered conspecific, but were split from it in 2021. Together they were called the black-capped babbler. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
Continental O-200
The Continental C90 and O-200 are a family of air-cooled, horizontally opposed, four-cylinder, direct-drive aircraft engines of 201 in3 (3.29 L) displacement, producing between 90 and 100 horsepower (67 and 75 kW).

Built by Continental Motors these engines are used in many light aircraft designs of the United States, including the early Piper PA-18 Super Cub, the Champion 7EC, the Alon Aircoupe, and the Cessna 150.

Though the C90 was superseded by the O-200, and many of the designs utilizing the O-200 had gone out of production by 1980, with the 2004 publication of the United States Federal Aviation Administration light-sport aircraft regulations came a resurgence in demand for the O-200.

Continental Aerospace Technologies
Continental Aerospace Technologies is an aircraft engine manufacturer located at the Brookley Aeroplex in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was originally spun off from automobile engine manufacturer Continental Motors Company in 1929 and owned by Teledyne Technologies from 1969 until December 2010. The company is now part of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), which is a Government of the People's Republic of China state-owned aerospace company headquartered in Beijing.

Although Continental is most well known for its engines for light aircraft, it was also contracted to produce the air-cooled V-12 AV-1790-5B gasoline engine for the U.S. Army's M47 Patton tank and the diesel AVDS-1790-2A and its derivatives for the M48, M60 Patton, and Merkava main battle tanks. The company also produced engines for various independent manufacturers of automobiles, tractors, and stationary equipment (pumps, generators, and machinery drives) from the 1920s to the 1960s.
Buckingham Park, Buckinghamshire
Buckingham Park is a suburban residential neighbourhood on the north-west edge of Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England. It is the location of major housing developments on two sites known originally as Weedon Hill and Berryfields. Buckingham Park is also a civil parish, within the Buckinghamshire Unitary Authority area. The neighbourhood is immediately north of the River Thame.

Aylesbury
Aylesbury (/ˈeɪlzbəri/ AYLZ-bər-ee or /ˈɛlzbri/ ELLZ-bree) is the county town of Buckinghamshire, England. It is home to the Roald Dahl Children's Gallery and the Waterside Theatre.  There is also one of the largest independent Arts Centre in the UK, the Queens Park Arts Centre which recently received the King's Award for Voluntary Service. It is located in central Buckinghamshire, midway between High Wycombe and Milton Keynes.

In 2011 its urban area had a population of 94,238 The housing target for the town is set to grow with 16,000 homes set to be built by 2033.
Bình Định province
Bình Định was formerly a northern coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Ngãi to the north, Phú Yên to the south, Gia Lai to the west and the South China Sea to the east.

Bình Định province has an area of 6,066.40 km2 (2,342.25 mi2), comprising 11 district-level sub-divisions, with a population of over 1.5 million people as of 2023. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of Cham structures. Majority of the province is covered by mountains or hills. Its capital Quy Nhon served as the capital of the historic Tây Sơn dynasty. Economically the province has the most productive primary sector in the South Central Coast region, mostly because of its large output of rice, coconuts and its strong livestock, forestry and fishing sectors.

On June 12, 2025, Bình Định was incorporated into Gia Lai province.

Quy Nhơn Port
Quy Nhơn Port (Vietnamese: Cảng Quy Nhơn) is the major port of Bình Định Province, Vietnam. It is located in Hai Cang (meaning sea port) ward at the eastern tip of Quy Nhơn city.

Quy Nhơn Port is the most accessible major port not only for Bình Định Province, but also for the Central Highlands provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum and even parts of Laos and Cambodia such as Attapeu Province and Ratanakiri Province. National Route 19 has its starting point at Quy Nhơn Port and leads up to Gia Lai Province and Lệ Thanh border gate on the border to Cambodia (247 km from Quy Nhơn Port). This road also connects the port to National Road 1.
West Gojjam Zone
West Gojjam (Amharic: ምዕራብ ጎጃም) or Mirab Gojjam is one of Zones in Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former province of Gojjam.

West Gojjam is bordered on the south by the Abay River which separates it from the Oromia Region and Benishangul-Gumuz Region, on the west by Agew Awi, on the north and northwest by North Gondar and also on the north by South Gondar, and on the east by East Gojjam. Its highest point is Mount Amedamit. Towns in West Gojjam include Bahir Dar, Adet, Finote Selam, Bure, Quarit, Dega Damot, Sekela, Merawi, and Dembecha. Finote Selam is the capital of the zone.

Finote Selam
Finote Selam (Amharic: ፍኖተ ሰላም) is a town and separate woreda in western Ethiopia. Located in the Mirab Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region, by road 387 km from Addis Ababa and 176 km from Bahir Dar. By air, the distance from Addis Ababa is 246 km. Finote Selam, the "Pacific Road", is the name given by Emperor Haile Silassie during the Italian invasion on Ethiopia. Formerly its name was Wojet. Now Finote Selam is the capital city of West Gojjam Zone. This town has a longitude and latitude of 10°42′N 37°16′E﻿ / ﻿10.700°N 37.267°E﻿ / 10.700; 37.267 with an elevation of 1917 meters above sea level.
Tokugawa Nariaki
Tokugawa Nariaki (徳川 斉昭, April 4, 1800 – September 29, 1860) was a Japanese daimyō who ruled the Mito Domain (now Ibaraki Prefecture) and contributed to the rise of nationalism and the Meiji Restoration.

Tokugawa Harutoshi
Tokugawa Harutoshi (徳川 治紀, 1773–1816) was a Japanese daimyō of the Edo period, who ruled the Mito Domain. He presented the Dai Nihonshi, a historical record of Japan, to the Imperial Court.

The eldest son of Tokugawa Harumori, his childhood name was Tsuruchiyo (鶴千代).
Dvesha
Dvesha (Sanskrit: द्वेष, IAST: dveṣa; Pali: 𑀤𑁄𑀲, romanized: dosa; Tibetan: zhe sdang) is a Buddhist and Hindu term that is translated as "hate, aversion". In Hinduism, it is one of the Five Poisons or kleshas.

Walpola Rahula translated it as "hatred", as did Chögyam Trungpa.

Mental factors
Mental factors (Sanskrit: चैतसिक, romanized: caitasika or chitta samskara चित्त संस्कार; Pali: cetasika; Tibetan: སེམས་བྱུང sems byung), in Buddhism, are identified within the teachings of the Abhidhamma (Buddhist psychology). They are defined as aspects of the mind that apprehend the quality of an object, and that have the ability to color the mind. Within the Abhidhamma, the mental factors are categorized as formations (Sanskrit: samskara) concurrent with mind (Sanskrit: citta). Alternate translations for mental factors include "mental states", "mental events", and "concomitants of consciousness".
Hochtief
Hochtief AG is a global provider of infrastructure technology and construction services, with locations in North America, Australia, and Europe. The Essen based company is primarily active in the fields of high tech, energy transition, and sustainable infrastructure. With the international projects making up 95% of the company's revenue, Hochtief was among the largest international construction firms in 2023.

In Australia, the group is active through its subsidiary Cimic (100% since 2022). Via its wholly owned subsidiary Turner, Hochtief is a leader in commercial construction in the United States. Since June 2018, Hochtief has held a 20% stake in Abertis. Abertis directly owns 99.1% of the toll road operator Abertis Infraestructuras.

Since ACS Group first acquired shares in Hochtief in 2005, it has increased its shareholding to 75.71% in 2023.

ACS Group
ACS, Actividades de Construcción y Servicios, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [aθeˈese]) is a Spanish company dedicated to civil engineering, construction, all types of services and telecommunications. It is one of the leading construction companies in the world, with projects in many countries around the world. The company was founded in 1997 through the merger of OCP Construcciones, S.A. and Ginés Navarro Construcciones, S.A. The group has a presence in the United States, Germany, India, Brazil, Chile, Morocco and Australia. The headquarters are in Madrid and the chairperson is Florentino Pérez. Listed on the Bolsa de Madrid, the company's shares form part of the IBEX 35 stock market index.
Föckinghausen
Föckinghausen is a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg in the district Hochsauerlandkreis in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The village has 9 inhabitants and lies in the north of the municipality of Schmallenberg at a height of around 450 m. Föckinghausen borders on the villages of Oberhenneborn, Oberrarbach, Hanxleden and  Dornheim.

The village used to belong to the municipality of Rarbach in Amt Fredeburg until the end of 1974.

Schmallenberg
Schmallenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃmalənbɛʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Smalmereg) is a town and a climatic health resort in the High Sauerland District, Germany. By area, it is the third biggest of all cities and towns of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the second biggest of the region of Westphalia.

With small Schmallenberg central town and the rural Bad Fredeburg Kneipp health resort the town has two urban settlements. Additionally, 82 villages and hamlets belong to the town's territory. Also being called “the Schmallenberg Sauerland”, the Town of Schmallenberg is famous for its total of five health resorts and nine villages which have been awarded gold for their beauty in the nationwide “Our village has a future” contest.
Dream Soldier
Dream Soldier is the fourth album by British soul singer-songwriter Des'ree. It was released on 31 March 2003 on the Sony Soho Square record label, and features the UK top 75 single "It's Okay". For sixteen years, it was the last studio album released by Des'ree, with 2019's A Love Story marking her return to music. Dream Soldier was her only studio album to be released in the 2000s.

A Love Story (Des'ree album)
A Love Story is a 2019 album by British contemporary R&B singer Des'ree, her first in 16 years. She began recording the album in 2012, but finalizing the album was delayed due to her caring for her sick mother, as well as tensions with her record label, stage fright, and personal health problems. She preceded the album release with the single "Don't Be Afraid". "Holding on for Dear Life" appeared in an earlier form as a Japanese bonus track on her previous album, Dream Soldier (2003).
Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film in an African Language
The Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film in an African Language is an annual merit by the Africa Film Academy to recognize the best African film in an indigenous language. It was first awarded in the first edition as Best Indigenous Film. However, it was renamed to Best Film in an African Language award from the 5th to 9th edition. Since the 10th edition it has been used to immortalize Sembene Ousmane and consequently renamed to Sembene Ousmane Awards for Best Film in African Language.

Africa Movie Academy Awards
The Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMMA) is an annual entertainment award ceremony, presented to recognize excellence among African and non-African professionals, who have contributed to the African film industry. The award was founded by Peace Anyiam-Osigwe currently run by the Africa Film Academy. It is regarded as one of Africa's most notable film events, and have been sometimes referenced as the "African Oscars".
St Ann's College
St Ann's College is a co-residential college in North Adelaide, South Australia. In its early decades, the college had only female boarders, but later took students of either gender. Members of the college attend three universities in South Australia,  University of Adelaide, the University of South Australia, and Flinders University. St Ann's College is privately owned and run as a not-for-profit, and is not funded by government, church or university.

National Association of Australian University Colleges
The National Association of Australian University Colleges Inc (NAAUC) is the peak representative body for students living on Australian tertiary campuses. As a non-profit association, NAAUC aims to coordinate communication between a network of residences on a national scale, foster goodwill amongst association members, and liaise with college heads and administration in order to provide the best possible advice and referral to Australian colleges, residential halls of residences and student villages.
Timeline of steam power
Steam power developed slowly over a period of several hundred years, progressing through expensive and fairly limited devices in the early 17th century, to useful pumps for mining in 1700, and then to Watt's improved steam engine designs in the late 18th century. It is these later designs, introduced just when the need for practical power was growing due to the Industrial Revolution, that truly made steam power commonplace.

Newcomen atmospheric engine
The atmospheric engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, and is sometimes referred to as the Newcomen fire engine (see below) or Newcomen engine. The engine was operated by condensing steam being drawn into the cylinder, thereby creating a partial vacuum which allowed atmospheric pressure to push the piston into the cylinder. It is significant as the first practical device to harness steam to produce mechanical work.  Newcomen engines were used throughout Britain and Europe, principally to pump water out of mines. Hundreds were constructed during the 18th century. James Watt's later engine design was an improved version of the Newcomen engine that roughly doubled fuel efficiency. Many atmospheric engines were converted to the Watt design. As a result, Watt is today better known than Newcomen in relation to the origin of the steam engine.
Tony Kanal
Tony Ashwin Kanal (born 27 August 1970) is a British-American musician, songwriter and record producer who is known for his work as the bassist and co-writer for the rock bands No Doubt and Dreamcar. His career outside of performing includes production and songwriting credits with artists such as Pink, Weezer, Elan Atias and No Doubt lead singer Gwen Stefani's solo work.

No Doubt (No Doubt album)
No Doubt is the debut studio album by American rock band No Doubt, released on March 17, 1992, by Interscope Records. It was originally recorded as an independent release, but was re-recorded after the band signed with Interscope. It was produced by Dito Godwin and recorded in Los Angeles.

The album was released during a period of popularity for grunge music, an aggressive rock style which contrasted with No Doubt's upbeat sound. Despite strong audience reaction to the band's tours, album sales under-performed expectations and sold about 30,000 copies, and received mixed reviews. Interscope refused to fund the release of a single from the album, so No Doubt released the single "Trapped in a Box" independently.

The band independently released their second album The Beacon Street Collection in 1995, which had a better commercial performance, selling 100,000 copies. Interscope then financed and supported their third album Tragic Kingdom (1995).
Manchester Art Gallery
Manchester Art Gallery, formerly Manchester City Art Gallery, is a publicly owned art museum on Mosley Street in Manchester city centre, England. The main gallery premises were built for a learned society in 1823 and today its collection occupies three connected buildings, two of which were designed by Sir Charles Barry. Both of Barry's buildings are listed. The building that links them was designed by Hopkins Architects following an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions. It opened in 2002 following a major renovation and expansion project undertaken by the art gallery.

Manchester Art Gallery is free to enter and open six days a week, closed Mondays. It houses many works of local and international significance and has a collection of more than 25,000 objects. More than half a million people visited the museum in the period of a year, according to figures released in April 2014.

Pierre Adolphe Valette
Pierre Adolphe Valette (13 October 1876 – 18 April 1942) was a French Impressionist painter who spent most of his career in England. His most acclaimed paintings are urban landscapes of Manchester, now in the collection of Manchester Art Gallery. Today, he is chiefly remembered as L. S. Lowry's tutor.