hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barry Bonds perjury case
The Barry Bonds perjury case was a case of alleged perjury regarding use of anabolic steroids by former San Francisco Giants outfielder and all-time Major League Baseball (MLB) career home run leader, Barry Bonds, and the related investigations surrounding these accusations. On April 13, 2011, Bonds was convicted of one felony count of obstruction of justice for giving an incomplete answer to a question in grand jury testimony.  A mistrial was declared on the remaining three counts of perjury, and those charges were dropped. The obstruction of justice conviction was upheld by an appellate panel in 2013, but a larger panel of the appellate court exonerated him in 2015 by a 10-1 vote.

Obstruction of justice in the United States
In United States jurisdictions, obstruction of justice refers to a number of offenses that involve unduly influencing, impeding, or otherwise interfering with the justice system, especially the legal and procedural tasks of prosecutors, investigators, or other government officials. Common law jurisdictions other than the United States tend to use the wider offense of perverting the course of justice.

Obstruction is a broad crime that may include acts such as perjury, making false statements to officials, witness tampering, jury tampering, destruction of evidence, and many others. Obstruction also applies to overt coercion of court or government officials via the means of threats or actual physical harm, and to deliberate sedition against a court official to undermine the appearance of legitimate authority.
Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797)
The Battle of Cape St. Vincent was a fleet action fought on 14 February 1797 between the British and Spanish navies off Cape St. Vincent as part of the War of the First Coalition. In one of the opening battles of the recently declared war between Britain and Spain, a British fleet under Admiral Sir John Jervis defeated a larger Spanish fleet under Admiral José de Córdoba y Ramos. The British victory helped to secure Britain's access to the Mediterranean; Jervis and his officers were rewarded for their actions, while Córdoba was dismissed from the Spanish navy and forbidden from appearing at court.

HMS San Josef
HMS San Josef was a 114-gun first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was originally the Spanish Navy ship of the line San José, which was launched at Ferrol, Spain in 1783. San José was captured by the British navy at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent on 14 February 1797. The Royal Navy commissioned her as San Josef, and the ship saw service during the rest of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars; in 1809, she served as the flagship of Admiral John Thomas Duckworth. Reclassified as a gunnery training ship in 1837, she was decommissioned and broken up in 1849.
Winter Passion
Winter Passion is a 1960 Australian radio play by Alan Seymour about the relationship between Chopin and George Sand on the island of Majorca. It was written to celebrate the Chopin sesquicentenary.

The play debuted on 22 February 1960.  It was performed on Canadian radio in 1961 and performed again in Australia in 1962. The 1962 production was part of a series on the ABC of nine radio plays representing 30 years of broadcasting (other Australian plays were The Illusionists and The Fire on the Snow.)

The Illusionists (play)
The Illusionists is a 1955 stage play by Morris West about an advertising agent who longs to paint. It was a verse drama, like his later play The Heretic. West had just sold his radio company and begun writing novels.

The play was highly commended in the 1955 playwriting competition from the Playwrights' Advisory Board that was won by Summer of the Seventeenth Doll and The Torrents. (Others highly commended were Flood, Hoad of Moluka, Cornerstone and We Find the Bunyip. There had been 130 entries.)
Skin friction line
In scientific visualization skin friction lines are used to visualize flows on 3D-surfaces. They are obtained by calculating the streamlines of a derived vector field on the surface, the wall shear stress. Skin friction  arises from the friction of the fluid against the "skin" of the object that is moving through it and forms a vector at each point on the surface. A skin friction line is a curve on the surface tangent to skin friction vectors. A limit streamline is a streamline where the distance normal to the surface tends to zero. Limit streamlines and skin friction lines coincide.

The lines can be visualized by placing a viscous film on the surface.

The skin friction lines may exhibit a number of different types of singularities: attachment nodes, detachment nodes, isotropic nodes, saddle points, and foci.

Scientific visualization
Scientific visualization (also spelled scientific visualisation) is an interdisciplinary branch of science concerned with the visualization of scientific phenomena. It is also considered a subset of computer graphics, a branch of computer science. The purpose of scientific visualization is to graphically illustrate scientific data to enable scientists to understand, illustrate, and glean insight from their data. Research into how people read and misread various types of visualizations is helping to determine what types and features of visualizations are most understandable and effective in conveying information.
Noyers-Bocage
Noyers-Bocage (French pronunciation: [nwaje bɔkaʒ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Noyers-Missy, which became part of the new commune Val d'Arry on 1 January 2017.

Noyers-Missy
Noyers-Missy (French pronunciation: [nwaje misi]) was a short-lived commune in the department of Calvados, northwestern France. The commune was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Noyers-Bocage and Missy. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val d'Arry.
Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region in 1857 by Heinrich Zollinger, a Swiss botanist and explorer. The precise boundaries used to define Malesia vary. The broadly defined area used in Flora Malesiana consists of the countries of Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, Timor-Leste and Papua New Guinea. The original definition by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) covered a similar area, but New Guinea and some offshore islands were split off as Papuasia in its 2001 version.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
San Quintín Glacier
The San Quintín Glacier is the largest outflow glacier of the Northern Patagonian Ice Field in southern Chile. Its terminus is a piedmont lobe just short of the Gulf of Penas on the Pacific Ocean and just north of 47°S.

Northern Patagonian Ice Field
The Northern Patagonian Ice Field, located in southern Chile, is the smaller of two remnant parts in which the Patagonian Ice Sheet in the Andes Mountains of southern South America can be divided. It is completely contained within the boundaries of Laguna San Rafael National Park.
Portland Public Schools (Oregon)
Portland Public Schools (PPS; officially Portland School District 1J) is a public school district located in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is the largest school district in the state of Oregon. It is a PK–12 district with an enrollment of more than 49,000 students. It comprises more than 100 locations, including 79 schools and other sites that are maintained within the district.

Lincoln High School (Portland, Oregon)
Lincoln High School (LHS) is a public high school located in the Goose Hollow neighborhood of Portland, Oregon, United States. It was established in 1869 as Portland High School. Its attendance boundary includes Downtown Portland, Goose Hollow, Northwest Portland, and a part of West Haven-Sylvan.
Ilyodon whitei
The Balsas splitfin (Ilyodon whitei) is a species of fish in the family Goodeidae. It is endemic to Mexico where it occurs in the states of Morelos and Michoacán. This fish was formally described as Goodea whitei by Seth Eugene Meek in 1904 with the type locality given as Yautepec in Morelos. The specific name honours E. A. White of the Interoceanic Railway of Mexico for his interest in and support of Meek's work.

Goodeidae
Goodeidae is  a family  of teleost fish endemic to Mexico and some areas of the United States. Many species are known as splitfins. This family contains about 50 species within 18 genera. The family is named after ichthyologist George Brown Goode (1851–1896).

The earliest fossil goodeid is Tapatia, a goodeine from the middle Miocene of Mexico. The earliest fossil empetrichthyine is Empetrichthys erdisi from the Miocene or Pliocene of California.
Hundstein
The Hundstein is a mountain in the Alpstein massif of the Appenzell Alps, located south of Schwende in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden. It lies on the range east of the Altmann, between the valleys of the Seealpsee and the Fälensee.

Appenzell Alps
The Appenzell Alps (German: Appenzeller Alpen) are a mountain range in Switzerland on the northern edge of the Alps. They extend into the cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden and St. Gallen (with lower summits occurring also in the cantons of Thurgau and Zurich) and are bordered by the Schwyz Alps to the southwest, the Glarus Alps to the south, and the Rätikon to the south-east, and cover an area of about 1,800 km2 (690 sq mi). The highest summit is the Säntis, with an elevation of 2,502 m (8,209 ft).
Radhamadhab College
Radhamadhab College is a provincialised college located at Silchar, Assam, India, and is affiliated to Assam University. It offers courses in 10+2, undergraduate levels. The college also offers short-term courses to its students.

Silchar
Silchar is a city and the headquarters of the Cachar district of the state of Assam, India. It is second largest city of Assam after Guwahati in terms of population and GDP. It is located 343 kilometres (213 mi; 185 nmi) south east of Guwahati. It was founded by Captain Thomas Fisher in 1832 when he shifted the headquarters of Cachar to Janiganj in Silchar. It earned the moniker "Island of Peace" from Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India. Silchar is the site of the world's first polo club and the first competitive polo match. In 1985, an Air India flight from Kolkata to Silchar became the world's first all-women crew flight. Silchar was a tea town and Cachar club was the meeting point for tea planters.
Sternschanze
Sternschanze (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛʁnˌʃantsə] ⓘ, lit. 'Star Sconce') is a quarter in the centre of Hamburg (Germany) within the Altona borough. In 2014, the population was 7,776 on an area of 0.6 km2 with a density of 14,113 inhabitants per km2. After Reeperbahn, it is Hamburg's best known entertainment and nightlife district. It is also known as Schanzenviertel ([ˈʃantsn̩ˌfɪʁtl̩] ⓘ) and nicknamed Schanze ([ˈʃantsə] ⓘ).

Altona, Hamburg
Altona (German: [ˈaltonaː] ⓘ), also called Hamburg-Altona, is the westernmost urban borough (Bezirk) of the German city state of Hamburg. Located on the right bank of the Elbe river, Altona had a population of 270,263 in 2016.

From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent borough until 1937.
Zuntalin
Zuntalin is a village in Ye Township in the Mon State of south-east Burma. It is located north-west of Ye city.

Nearby towns and villages include Andin (4.0 nm), Saiye (4.0 nm), Awainggale (1.4 nm), Hmeinsein (1.0 nm), Sonmatha (2.2 nm), Hnyihnu (4.2 nm), Kyonpaw (4.1 nm) and Zayat (3.6 nm)

Sonmatha
Sonmatha is a village in Ye Township, Mon State, in south-east Myanmar. It is located approximately 8 kilometres directly north of Ye city.

Nearby towns and villages include Zuntalin (2.2 nm), Hmeinsein (1.4 nm), Sakale (3.2 nm), Awaing (2.2 nm), Zayat (2.0 nm), and Pawtaw (1.4 nm).
Henri de Rothschild
Henri James Nathaniel Charles, Baron de Rothschild (26 July 1872 – 12 October 1947) was a French playwright who wrote under the pen names André Pascal, Charles des Fontaines, and P.-L. Naveau. He was also a licensed physician (although he never actually practiced medicine), a philanthropist, and an entrepreneur.

Vaux-de-Cernay Abbey
Vaux-de-Cernay Abbey (French: Abbaye des Vaux-de-Cernay) is a former Cistercian monastery in northern France (Île-de-France), situated in Cernay-la-Ville, in the Diocese of Versailles, Yvelines. The abbey was abandoned during the French Revolution and fell into partial ruin. Most of the buildings, except for the church, were restored in the late 19th century by Charlotte de Rothschild, and the property is now a hotel.
Hometwoli dialect
Hometwoli (also known as Humetwadi) was a dialect of Buena Vista Yokuts spoken in the southern portion of the Tulare Basin of California near Kern Lake.

Out of the group of Yokuts dialects designated by Kroeber as "Foothill Yokuts," Hometwoli was reportedly the most divergent.

Buena Vista Yokuts
Buena Vista was a major dialect of the Yokuts language of California, or possibly a distinct but closely related language. It was spoken in at least two local varieties around Buena Vista Lake in Kern County, California," in the villages of Hometwoli, Loasau, Tuhohi, and Tulamni.
Leslie Lam (table tennis)
Leslie "Les" Lam (Chinese: 林龍; Jyutping: Lam4 Lung4) is a Hong Kong-Canadian former Paralympian who won para table tennis medals, first at the 1972 Summer Paralympics representing Hong Kong and, four years later, at the 1976 Summer Paralympics representing Canada. He also competed in athletics, wheelchair basketball, and swimming in Paralympic Games from 1972 to 1984.

He began using a wheelchair following a spinal cord injury at age 8. He graduated from the University of Toronto and worked as a pharmacist in the Greater Toronto Area. In 1999 he was inducted into the Canadian Disability Hall of Fame.

Canadian Disability Hall of Fame
The Canadian Disability Hall of Fame (formerly the Terry Fox Hall of Fame), recognizes "outstanding Canadians who have made extraordinary contributions to enriching the quality of life for people with physical disabilities". It is run by the Canadian Foundation for Physically Disabled Persons and located at Metro Hall, 55 John St., in downtown Toronto. The Hall is named after Terry Fox, a cancer research activist who attempted a run across Canada, dubbed the "Marathon of Hope".
VotingWorks
VotingWorks is a nonprofit organization that creates and sells open-source voting systems in the U.S. They currently have three products: one for casting and counting ballots, another, named Arlo, for risk-limiting audits (RLAs), and a third for accessible at-home voting.

Spenser Mestel praised VotingWorks as helping to break up the monopoly of three voting systems owned by private equity firms and bring transparency and more security to the voting process. He also praised the organization for being transparent about its donors and criticized the private equity firms for not disclosing their investors.

Open-source voting system
An open-source voting system (OSVS), also known as open-source voting (or OSV), is a voting system that uses open-source software (and/or hardware) that is completely transparent in its design in order to be checked by anyone for bugs or issues. Free and open-source systems can be adapted and used by others without paying licensing fees, improving the odds they achieve the scale usually needed for long-term success. The development of open-source voting technology has shown a small but steady trend towards increased adoption since the first system was put into practice in Choctaw County, Mississippi in 2019.
Kłodzko
Kłodzko ([ˈkwɔt͡skɔ] ⓘ; Czech: Kladsko; German: Glatz; Latin: Glacio) is a historic town in south-western Poland, in the region of Lower Silesia. It is situated in the centre of the Kłodzko Valley, on the Eastern Neisse (Nysa Kłodzka) river.

Kłodzko is the seat of Kłodzko County (and of the rural Gmina Kłodzko, although the town itself is a separate urban gmina), and is situated in Lower Silesian Voivodeship. With 25,717 inhabitants at the 2021 Census, Kłodzko is the main commercial centre as well as an important transport and tourist node for the area.

For its historical monuments it is sometimes referred to as "Little Prague" (Polish: Mała Praga). It was established as a settlement in the 10th century, and is one of the oldest towns in Poland, having been granted city rights in 1233. Culturally and traditionally a part of Bohemia, administratively it has been periodically part of Silesia in the Middle Ages and again permanently since 1763.

Kłodzko County
Kłodzko County (Polish: powiat kłodzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998.

The county covers an area of 1,643 square kilometres (634 sq mi); its territory almost exactly corresponds to the former Bohemian, later Prussian, County of Kladsko. It is located in a panhandle called Kłodzko Panhandle. The county's administrative seat is the town of Kłodzko; the other towns are: Duszniki-Zdrój, Nowa Ruda, Polanica-Zdrój, Bystrzyca Kłodzka, Kudowa-Zdrój, Lądek-Zdrój, Międzylesie, Radków, Stronie Śląskie and Szczytna. (The suffix Zdrój appearing in several of these names means "spa".)

As of 2019 the total population of the county was 158,600.
Giantess
Giantesses are female giants: either a mythical being, such as the Amazons of Greek mythology, resembling a woman of superhuman size and strength or a human woman of exceptional stature, often the result of some medical or genetic abnormality (see gigantism).

Femforce
Femforce is a comic book published by AC Comics that began publication in 1985, detailing the adventures of the titular team: the "Federal Emergency Missions Force" or "Femforce", some of them original creations, while others originated in the 1940s and 1950s, lapsing into the public domain by the time Femforce was published. The team are, as their name implies, all superheroines, and are the first and the longest running all-women 'super-team'. The series has passed 200 issues, a significant milestone for an independent comic book company. Writers on the book have included Bill Black, Stephanie Sanderson, Mark Heike, Paul Monsky, Enrico Teodorani and Francesca Paolucci. Artists on the book have included Bill Black, Stephanie Sanderson, Mark Heike, Brad Gorby, Jeff Austin, Dave Roberts and Rik Levins.
2011 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification
The qualifying round of the 2011 UEFA U-19 Championship was the first of two qualifying rounds for the finals tournament of the 2011 UEFA European Under-19 Championship. During these rounds, 52 national teams competed to determine the seven teams that will join the already qualified host nation Romania.

The first qualifying round was played between 28 September and 30 October 2010. The 52 teams were divided into 13 groups of four teams, with each group being contested as a mini-tournament, hosted by one of the group's teams. After all matches have been played, the 13 group winners and 13 group runners-up advanced to the Elite Round. Alongside the 26 qualifying teams, the two best third-placed teams also qualified.

2011 UEFA European Under-19 Championship
The 2011 UEFA European Under-19 Championship was the tenth edition of UEFA's European Under-19 Championship since it was renamed from the original under-18 event, in 2001. The tournament took place in Romania from 20 July to 1 August 2011. France were the title holders, but failed to qualify for the finals. Spain won the tournament.
Pakanic languages
The Pakanic languages constitute a branch of two Austroasiatic languages, Bolyu and Bugan. They are spoken in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of southern China. Mang was formerly included, but is now considered by Paul Sidwell to form its own separate branch within Austroasiatic.

Palaungic languages
The Palaungic or Palaung–Wa languages are a group of nearly 30 Austroasiatic languages, with scholars disagreeing on exactly which languages to include in the classification. They are spoken in scattered pockets across an inland region of Southeast Asia, centered on the borders between Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and China.
Nils Engelhart
Nils Engelhart (c. 1668–1719) was a Norwegian Lutheran priest.

Nils Engelhart was born in Meldal in Søndre Trondhjem county. His father Daniel Engelhart (c. 1638-1733) was the magistrate and later mining administrator. Løkken Mine was located in the same parish. He studied for the ministry in Copenhagen while serving in the Danish-Norwegian Navy. In 1693, he was assigned a personnel chaplain at Tingvoll Church in Romsdalen. Nils Engelhart had several priesthood assignments in Nordmøre and Romsdal in subsequently years.

Engelhart was an active participant of the pietist association Syvstjernen, along with his friend Thomas von Westen. The influence from Syvstjernen marked a beginning of the Pietism movement in Norway. Engelhart died in Veøy in 1719.

Thomas von Westen
Thomas von Westen (13 September 1682 – 9 April 1727) was a Norwegian Lutheran priest and missionary. He was a driving force in the Sami mission, and founded the education institution Seminarium Scholasticum, the later Seminarium Lapponicum, in Trondheim.
Musée mexicain
The musée mexicain, later musée américain (Mexican Museum / American Museum), was a section of the Louvre that was dedicated to pre-Columbian art, with an initial emphasis on Mexican archaeology. It opened in 1850, and closed in 1887 when its collections were transferred to the Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro.

Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro
The Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro (Ethnographic Museum of the Trocadéro, also called simply the Musée du Trocadéro) was the first anthropological museum in Paris, founded in 1878. It closed in 1935 when the building that housed it, the Trocadéro Palace, was demolished; its descendant is the Musée de l'Homme, housed in the Palais de Chaillot on the same site, and its French collections formed the nucleus of the Musée National des Arts et Traditions Populaires, also in the Palais de Chaillot. Numerous modern artists visited it and were influenced by its "primitive" art, in particular Picasso during the period when he was working on Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907).
Body-centred countertransference
Body-centred countertransference involves a psychotherapist's experiencing the physical state of the patient in a clinical context. Also known as somatic countertransference, it can incorporate the therapist's gut feelings, as well as changes to breathing, to heart rate and to tension in muscles.

Countertransference
Countertransference is a widely established concept originating in Freudian psychotherapy, in which a therapist's own history and emotions affect how they feel about and treat the patient. It can be a response to transference, in which the patient's history affects how they feel about and react to the therapist.