hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Express West Midlands
National Express West Midlands (NXWM) is a bus operator in the West Midlands of England. It is a subsidiary of Mobico Group (formerly National Express Group).

NXWM operates services in Birmingham, Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall, Wolverhampton and Solihull, as well as express services from Birmingham to areas such as Cofton Hackett, Bromsgrove, and formerly to the city of Coventry (now operated by National Express Coventry).

Wright StreetDeck
The Wright StreetDeck is an integral double-decker bus manufactured by Wrightbus since 2014, originally delivered as standard with a Daimler OM934 diesel engine. Hybrid-electric, full-electric and hydrogen-powered variants have subsequently been produced. Production of the StreetDeck range was briefly suspended when Wrightbus entered administration in September 2019.
Volatile (computer programming)
In computer programming, a variable is said to be volatile if its value can be read or modified asynchronously by something other than the current thread of execution. 
The value of a volatile variable may spontaneously change for reasons such as:
sharing values with other threads; 
sharing values with asynchronous signal handlers;
accessing hardware devices via memory-mapped I/O (where messages from peripheral devices can be received and sent by reading from and writing to memory).
Support for these use cases varies considerably among the programming languages that have the volatile keyword.
Volatility can have implications regarding function calling conventions and how variables are stored, accessed and cached.

Double-checked locking
In software engineering, double-checked locking (also known as "double-checked locking optimization") is a software design pattern used to reduce the overhead of acquiring a lock by testing the locking criterion (the "lock hint") before acquiring the lock.  Locking occurs only if the locking criterion check indicates that locking is required.

The original form of the pattern, appearing in Pattern Languages of Program Design 3, has data races, depending on the memory model in use, and it is hard to get right. Some consider it to be an anti-pattern. There are valid forms of the pattern, including the use of the volatile
 keyword in Java and explicit memory barriers in C++.

The pattern is typically used to reduce locking overhead when implementing "lazy initialization" in a multi-threaded environment, especially as part of the Singleton pattern. Lazy initialization avoids initializing a value until the first time it is accessed.
RC Odense
RC Odense is a Danish rugby union club in Odense. They function as an independent club, with their own junior teams, but have been playing in combination with Lindø RSC at senior level for a few years.

Lindø RSC
Lindø RSC is a Danish rugby union club in Munkebo. They function as an independent club, with their own junior teams, but have been playing in combination with RC Odense at senior level since 2010. The club is probably best known as being on the wrong end of a 194–0 scoreline against now-defunct Comet in 1973, which has been noted in the Guinness Book of Records.
TLC (German TV channel)
TLC is a German-language Free-to-air television channel from Warner Bros. Discovery Germany. It went on air on 10 April 2014 via satellite, cable and IPTV.

The program is mainly directed at women between the ages of 20 and 49, and will focus on non-fiction entertainment programs, some of which will be taken over by TLC US and will be partly produced in-house. The main focus will be on documentaries, reports and magazines. The channel is advertised with the slogan Hier spielt das Leben.. Jana Ina Zarrella was appointed as the host of the station.

TLC (TV network)
TLC is an American premium multinational cable and satellite television network owned by the Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery. First established in 1980 as The Learning Channel, it initially focused on educational and instructional programming. By the late 1990s, after an acquisition by Discovery, Inc. earlier in the decade, the network began to pivot towards reality television programming—predominantly focusing on programming involving lifestyles and personal stories—to the point that the previous name with "The Learning Channel" spelled out was phased out in favor of its initialism.

As of November 2023, with its programming primarily dedicated to the nine-series 90 Day Fiancé universe, comprising 31% of the shows carried by the channel, TLC is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States—down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Tufts University School of Arts and Sciences
The School of Arts and Sciences (A&S) is a school of Tufts University, a private research university in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts. It is the largest of the eight schools and colleges that comprise the university. Together with the School of Engineering, it offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in the liberal arts, sciences, and engineering. The two schools occupy the university's main campus in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts and share many administrative functions including undergraduate admissions, student affairs, library, and information technology services. The two schools form the Faculty of Arts, Sciences, and Engineering (AS&E), a deliberative body under the chairmanship of the president of the university. Currently, the School of Arts and Sciences employs approximately 540 faculty members (of whom 330 are full-time). There are over 4,300 full-time undergraduates and 1700 graduate and professional students.

Tufts University School of Engineering
The School of Engineering is one of the ten schools that comprise Tufts University. The school offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in several engineering disciplines and computer science fields. Along with the School of Arts and Sciences (A&S) and the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, the School of Engineering is located on the university's main campus in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts. Currently, the engineering school enrolls more than 800 full-time undergraduates and 600 graduate students. The school employs over 100 full-time and part-time faculty members.
Gorakhpur division
Gorakhpur division is one of the 18 administrative geographical units (i.e. division) of the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Gorakhpur city is the administrative headquarters of the division. The division consists of 4 districts.

Administrative divisions of Uttar Pradesh
The northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, which borders Nepal, comprises 18 administrative divisions. Within these 18 divisions, there are a total of 75 districts. The following table shows the name of each division, its administrative capital city, its constituent districts, and a map of its location.

These divisions and districts are primarily constituted for land revenue and general administration.
PostScript Printer Description
PostScript Printer Description (PPD) files are created by vendors to describe the entire set of features and capabilities available for their PostScript printers.

A PPD also contains the PostScript code (commands) used to invoke features for the print job. As such, PPDs function as drivers for all PostScript printers, by providing a unified interface for the printer's capabilities and features. For example, a generic PPD file for all models of HP Color LaserJet contains:

which specifies that the printer understands PostScript Level 2, is a color device, and so forth. The PPD can describe allowable paper sizes, memory configurations, the minimum font set for the printer, and even specify a tree-based user interface for printer-specific configuration.

A PPD is also often called PostScript Page Description instead of Printer Description because PostScript has the concept of Page Devices where the PostScript page description configuration is read from or saved as a PPD file.

PostScript
PostScript (PS) is a page description language and dynamically typed, stack-based programming language. It is most commonly used in the electronic publishing and desktop publishing realm, but as a Turing complete programming language, it can be used for many other purposes as well. PostScript was created at Adobe Systems by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton from 1982 to 1984. The most recent version, PostScript 3, was released in 1997.
Enhanced 911
Enhanced 911 (E-911 or E911) is a system used in North America to automatically provide the caller's location to 911 dispatchers. 911 is the universal emergency telephone number in the region. In the European Union, a similar system exists known as E112 (where 112 is the emergency access number) and known as eCall when called by a vehicle.

An incoming 911 call is routed to a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), which is a call center operated by the local government. At the PSAP, the call is answered by a specially trained official known as a 9-1-1 dispatcher. The dispatcher's computer receives information from the telephone company about the physical address (for landlines) or geographic coordinates (for wireless) of the caller. This information is used to dispatch police, fire, medical and other services as needed. The planned replacement service is NG911.

Radio resource location services protocol
Radio resource location services (LCS) protocol (RRLP) applies to GSM and UMTS Cellular Networks. It is used to exchange messages between a handset and an SMLC in order to provide geolocation information; e.g., in the case of emergency calls.  The protocol was developed in order to fulfil the Wireless Enhanced 911 requirements in the United States.  However, since the protocol does not require any authentication, and can be used outside of a voice call or SMS transfer, its use is not restricted to emergency calls and can be used by law enforcement to pinpoint the exact geolocation of the target's mobile phone.  RRLP was first specified in 3GPP TS 04.31 - Location Services (LCS); Mobile Station (MS) - Serving Mobile Location Centre (SMLC); Radio Resource LCS Protocol (RRLP).

Harald Welte proved at HAR2009 that many high-end smart-phones submit their GPS location to the mobile operator when requested. This happened without any sort of authentication.
Hagar in Islam
Hājar (Arabic: هَاجَر), known as Hagar in the Hebrew Bible, was the wife of the patriarch and Islamic prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and the mother of Ismā'īl (Ishmael). She is a revered woman in the Islamic faith. According to Muslim belief, she was a maid of the king of Egypt who gifted her to Ibrahim's wife Sarah.: 90–98  Although not mentioned by name in the Qur'an, she is referenced and alluded to via the story of her husband. She eventually settled in the Desert of Paran, seen as the Hejaz in the Islamic view, with her son Ishmael. Hajar is honoured as an especially important matriarch of monotheism, as Ishmael was the ancestor of Muhammad.: 109

Ishmael
In the biblical Book of Genesis, Ishmael (Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, romanized: Yišmāʿēʾl, lit. '"God hears"'; Ancient Greek: Ἰσμαήλ, romanized: Ismaḗl; Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيل, romanized: ʾIsmāʿīl; Latin: Ismael) was the first son of Abraham. His mother was Hagar, the handmaiden of Abraham's wife Sarah. He died at the age of 137.

Within Islam, Ishmael is regarded as a prophet and the ancestor of the Ishmaelites (Hagarenes or Adnanites) and patriarch of Qaydār.
King Richard III Visitor Centre
King Richard III Visitor Centre is a museum in Leicester, England that showcases the life of King Richard III of England and the story of the discovery, exhumation, and reburial of his remains in 2012–2015.

For a long time, the burial place of Richard III was uncertain, although the site of his burial was assumed to be in a Leicester car park. DNA evidence enabled the identification of his remains.

The centre opened on 26 July 2014 on the site of the then recently excavated Greyfriars, the medieval friary where the King was buried in 1485 following his death at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

Philippa Langley
Philippa Jayne Langley MBE (born 29 June 1962) is a British writer, producer, and Ricardian, who is best known for her role in the discovery and 2012 exhumation of Richard III, as part of the Looking for Richard project, for which she was awarded an MBE. Langley has written books and appeared in film-length documentaries on the search for Richard III and was portrayed in the 2022 film The Lost King.
Theo Marzials
Théophile-Jules-Henri "Theo" Marzials (20 December 1850 – 2 February 1920) was a British composer, singer and poet. Marzials was described in 1894 as a "poet and eccentric" by parodist Max Beerbohm, and, after writing and performing several popular songs, vanished into obscurity. His poetry is seen as an example of 19th-century aestheticism.

Edmund Gosse
Sir Edmund William Gosse CB (/ɡɒs/; 21 September 1849 – 16 May 1928) was an English poet, author and critic. He was strictly brought up in a small Protestant sect, the Plymouth Brethren, but broke away sharply from that faith. His account of his childhood in the book Father and Son has been described as the first psychological biography.

His friendship with the sculptor Hamo Thornycroft inspired a successful career as a historian of late-Victorian sculpture. His translations of Henrik Ibsen helped to promote that playwright in England, and he encouraged the careers of Sarojini Naidu, Toru Dutt, W. B. Yeats and James Joyce. He also lectured in English literature at Cambridge University.
Microsoft Azure
Microsoft Azure, sometimes stylized Azure, and formerly Windows Azure, is the cloud computing platform developed by Microsoft. It offers management, access and development of applications and services to individuals, companies, and governments through its global infrastructure. It also provides capabilities that are usually not included within other cloud platforms, including software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). Microsoft Azure supports many programming languages, tools, and frameworks, including Microsoft-specific and third-party software and systems.

Azure was first introduced at the Professional Developers Conference (PDC) in October 2008 under the codename "Project Red Dog". It was officially launched as Windows Azure in February 2010 and later renamed to Microsoft Azure on March 25, 2014.

Cosmos DB
Azure Cosmos DB is a globally distributed, multi-model database service offered by Microsoft. It is designed to provide high availability, scalability, and low-latency access to data for modern applications. Unlike traditional relational databases, Cosmos DB is a NoSQL (meaning "Not only SQL", rather than "zero SQL") and vector database, which means it can handle unstructured, semi-structured, structured, and vector data types.
Montclair Kimberley Academy
Montclair Kimberley Academy (MKA) is a co-educational private school for students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade located in Montclair in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school was established in 1974 as the result of the merger of three separate schools: Montclair Academy, a boys' school founded in 1887; The Kimberley School, a girls' school founded in 1906; and Brookside, a coed school founded in 1925.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,034 students (plus 31 in PreK) and 171.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 6:1.

The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1987 and is accredited until January 2025.

Gloucester Catholic High School
Gloucester Catholic High School is a co-educational six-year Catholic high school located in Gloucester City, in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school is managed by the Diocese of Camden. The school serves students in seventh through twelfth grades. Gloucester Catholic High School has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commissions on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1991.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 270 students and 19.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.6:1. The school serves students who feed into the high school from 50 different parochial and public schools within the Diocese of Camden.

For the class of 2017, 90% of the students went on to college (56% to 4-year institutions, and 34% to 2-year institutions), while 10% into the military, trade schools or the workforce. Scholarship and grant money awarded to this class totaled over $14 million.
K7047/7048 Harbin–Mudanjiang through train
The K7047/7048 Harbin–Mudanjiang through train (Chinese: K7047/7048 次哈尔滨东到牡丹江快速列车) is a Chinese passenger train service running between Harbin to Mudanjiang with express passenger trains by the Harbin Railway Bureau, Harbin passenger segment responsible for passenger transport task, Harbin originating on the Mudanjiang train. 25G Type Passenger trains run along the Binsui Railway across Heilongjiang provinces, the entire 364 km. Harbin East Railway Station to Mudanjiang Railway Station running 6 hours and 21 minutes, use trips for K7047; Mudanjiang Railway Station to Harbin East Railway Station to run 4 hours and 25 minutes, use trips for K7048.

China Railway Harbin Group
China Railway Harbin Group, officially abbreviated as CR Harbin or CR-Harbin, formerly, Harbin Railway Administration is a subsidiary company under the jurisdiction of the corporatized China Railway (formerly the Ministry of Railway). The railway administration was reorganized as a company in November 2017.

It supervises the railway network within Heilongjiang, and eastern Inner Mongolia.
Harrow District High School
Harrow District High School was located in Harrow, Ontario and was Canada's most southern high school. It had a population of about 350 students. The high school contained students from grades 7–12. The school's 100th anniversary was celebrated in 2004. The school's mascot was Harry Hawk. Their colours were blue and white. Every year they held an annual Iron Hawk to help those suffering from mental health.

The school was closed after the 2015/2016 school year and merged with Kingsville District High School.

Kingsville District High School
Kingsville District High School is a public high school in Kingsville, Ontario, Canada. Enrollment is 656 students. KDHS feeder schools are Harrow Public School, Kingsville Public School and Jack Miner Public School. The school is the "Home of the Cavaliers".
Al Lewis
Al Lewis (born Abraham Meister; April 30, 1923 – February 3, 2006) was an American actor and activist, best known for his role as Grandpa on the television series The Munsters from 1964 to 1966 and its film versions. He previously also co-starred with The Munsters' Fred Gwynne in the television show Car 54, Where Are You?  from 1961–1963. Later in life, he was a restaurant owner, political candidate, and radio broadcaster.

Grandpa (The Munsters)
Count Sam Dracula, commonly known as Grandpa, is a fictional character from the American sitcom The Munsters, originally played by Al Lewis. He is a vampire and the doting, irritable, and sarcastic father of Lily Munster.  The role was later played by Howard Morton in the 1980s television series The Munsters Today.
Molotschna
Molotschna Colony or Molochna Colony was a Russian Mennonite settlement in what is now Zaporizhzhia Oblast in Ukraine. Today, the central village, known as Molochansk, has a population less than 10,000. The settlement is named after the Molochna River which forms its western boundary. The land falls mostly within the Tokmatskyi and Chernihivskyi Raions. The nearest large city is Melitopol, southwest of Molochansk.

Initially called Halbstadt (Half-city), Molotschna was founded in 1804 by Mennonite settlers from West Prussia and consisted of 57 villages. Known as the New Colony, it was the second and largest Mennonite settlement in the Russian Empire. In the late 19th century, thousands of people left this colony to settle in North America, and later relocated to Latin America, where Mennonites settled in several countries. After many Mennonites left or were deported during and after the last days of World War II, this area became populated largely by Ukrainians.

Molochansk
Molochansk (Ukrainian: Молочанськ, IPA: [moloˈtʃɑnʲsʲk]; Russian: Молочанск; German: Halbstadt) is a city in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine. The Molochna River flows through the city. Population: 6,099 (2022 estimate).

Molochansk was occupied by the southern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in late February 2022.
John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft
John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft (died 27 January 1443) was a Knight of the Shire for Huntingdonshire and Somerset, Speaker of the House of Commons, Treasurer of the Household, Chief Butler of England, Treasurer of the Exchequer and Seneschal of Landes and Aquitaine.

Baron Tibetot
Baron Tibetot (or Tiptoft) is an abeyant title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 10 March 1308 as a barony by writ. It fell into abeyance in 1372. These were the immediate descendants of the crusader Sir Robert de Tiptoft (died 1298) and his wife Eva de Chaworth, early benefactors of the house of Ipswich Greyfriars.
Matale
Matale (Sinhala: මාතලේ, IPA: [maːt̪əleː], Tamil: மாத்தளை, romanized: Māttaḷai, IPA: [maːt̪ɐɭɛi̯]) is a major city in Central Province, Sri Lanka. It is the administrative capital and largest urbanised city of Matale District. Matale is also the second largest urbanised and populated city in Central Province. It is located at the heart of the Central Highlands of the island and lies in a broad, green fertile valley at an elevation of 364 m (1,194 ft) above sea level. Surrounding the city are the Knuckles Mountain Range, the foothills were called Wiltshire by the British. They have also called this place as Matelle.

Sri Muthumariamman Temple, Matale
Muthumariamman Temple (Tamil: முத்து மாரியம்மன் கோவில்) or Arulmigu Sri Muthumari Amman Kovil is a Hindu temple in Matale, Sri Lanka.

The prefix "muthu" literally means pearl. "Mari" means rain and "Amman" means mother in Tamil language. The temple is dedicated to Mariamman, the goddess of rain and fertility. The chariot festival in this temple is held usually coinciding with Magam on a Full Moon Poya Day.
Didrik Pining
Didrik Pining (c. 1430 – 1491) was a German privateer, nobleman, and governor of Iceland and Vardøhus.

In 1925, researcher Sofus Larson proposed that Pining may have landed in North America in the 1470s, almost twenty years before Columbus' voyages of discovery. Some of the claims concerning Pining are controversial because information about him is relatively sparse and partially contradictory.

João Vaz Corte-Real
João Vaz Corte-Real (c. 1420 – 1496) was a Portuguese sailor, claimed by some accounts to have been an explorer of a land called Terra Nova do Bacalhau (New Land of the Codfish), speculated to possibly have been a part of North America. These accounts assert that Corte-Real was awarded the donatário–captaincies of São Jorge and Angra for his accomplishments, but contemporary documents contradict this claim.