hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Progressive Jewish Thought and the New Anti-Semitism
" 'Progressive' Jewish Thought and the New Anti-Semitism" is a 2006 essay written by Alvin Hirsch Rosenfeld, director of Indiana University's Center for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism and professor of English and Jewish Studies. It was published by the American Jewish Committee (AJC) with an introduction by AJC executive director David A. Harris. The essay claims that a "number of Jews, through their speaking and writing, are feeding a rise in virulent antisemitism by questioning whether Israel should even exist".

Alvin Hirsch Rosenfeld
Alvin Hirsch Rosenfeld (born 1938) is an American professor and scholar who has written about the Holocaust, and the new antisemitism. He holds the Irving M. Glazer Chair in Jewish Studies at Indiana University, and is the Director of the Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism.

Rosenfeld earned his PhD from Brown University in 1967.
Recoleta, Buenos Aires
Recoleta is a barrio or neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina, located in the northern part of the city, by the Río de la Plata. The area is perhaps best known to be the home of the distinguished Recoleta Cemetery. It is a traditional upper-class and conservative neighborhood with some of the priciest real estate in the city, known for Paris-style townhouses, lavish former palaces and posh boutiques.

The neighborhood is served by Line D and Line H of the Buenos Aires Underground, as well as by many bus lines in Avenida Santa Fe.

Plaza Intendente Alvear
Plaza Intendente Alvear is a public space in Recoleta, Buenos Aires. It is commonly but mistakenly known as Plaza Francia, as the actual Plaza Francia is located at its side.
It faces the Recoleta Cemetery and the cultural center.
The Lot at Formosa
34°05′22″N 118°20′47″W﻿ / ﻿34.089575°N 118.346475°W﻿ / 34.089575; -118.346475

The Lot at Formosa is a television and movie studio lot located at the corner of Santa Monica Boulevard and Formosa Avenue in West Hollywood, California. Originally, the location was the home to the Pickford–Fairbanks Studios, and has had several names throughout the years: United Artists Studio, Samuel Goldwyn Studio, Warner Hollywood Studios, and with its name since 2007 being The Lot at Formosa.

Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Samuel Goldwyn Productions was an American film production company founded by Samuel Goldwyn in 1923, and active through 1959. Personally controlled by Goldwyn and focused on production rather than distribution, the company developed into the most financially and critically successful independent production company in the Golden Age of Hollywood.
Nakajima J1N Gekkō
The Nakajima J1N1 Gekkō (月光; moonlight) is a twin-engine aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. A prototype first flew in May 1941. The first full production variant of the  Gekkō, the J1N1-C was a reconnaissance aircraft, although many of these underwent field modification into night fighters; in addition, a night fighter variant, the J1N1-S was later put into production. Towards the end of the war, J1N1 pilots also undertook kamikaze anti-shipping missions. The Gekkō was given the Allied reporting name  "Irving".

Type 99 cannon
The Type 99 Mark 1 machine gun and Type 99 Mark 2 machine gun were Japanese versions of the Oerlikon FF and Oerlikon FFL autocannons respectively. They were adopted by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in 1939 and served as their standard aircraft autocannon during World War II.
Murcof
Murcof is the performing and recording name of Mexican electronic musician Fernando Corona.
Corona was born in 1970 in Tijuana, Mexico and raised in Ensenada. He was for a time a member of the Tijuana-based Nortec Collective of electronic musicians under the Terrestre project name. In 2000, he returned to Tijuana. Since 2006, Corona has been living in Barcelona, Spain.

The Leaf Label
The Leaf Label is a British independent record label based in Yorkshire, England. Initially an electronic music label, releasing mainly instrumental music, the company's approach now features artists spanning jazz and post-punk.
Akkayin District
Akkayin (Kazakh: Аққайың ауданы Aqqaiyñ audany) is a district of North Kazakhstan Region in northern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Smirnovo. Population: 21,535 (2013 estimate); 22,941 (2009 census results); 31,705 (1999 census results).

North Kazakhstan Region
North Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan with a population of 522,171. Its capital is Petropavl, with a population of 221,907 people. It is the only region of Kazakhstan in which ethnic Kazakhs don't make up a majority.
All Cubans
The All Cubans were a team of Cuban professional baseball players that toured the United States during 1899 and 1902–05, playing against white semiprofessional and Negro league teams.  The team was the first Latin American professional baseball team to tour the United States. As a racially integrated team, future major league players Armando Marsans and Rafael Almeida got their start in the United States on the team. The team was also a forerunner for later Negro league teams staffed by Latin American players, such as the Cuban Stars (West), the Cuban Stars (East), and the New York Cubans. Negro league stars Luis Bustamante and Carlos Morán started their American careers with the All Cubans.

New York Cubans
The New York Cubans were a Negro league baseball team that played during the 1930s and from 1939 to 1950. Despite playing in the Negro leagues, the team occasionally employed white-skinned Hispanic baseball players as well, because Hispanic players were generally ignored by Major League Baseball teams before Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball.
MV Mtendere
MV Mtendere (Chichewa for 'peace') is a ferry, which used to serve passenger and cargo service on Lake Malawi. As of 2014 it was out of service and stored at the port of Monkey Bay with plans to break it up and recycle its parts.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Workington
Workington /ˈwɜːrkɪŋtən/ is a coastal port town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The town is at the mouth of the River Derwent on the west coast, 32 miles (51 km) south-west of Carlisle and 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Whitehaven. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 25,448 and the built up area had a population of 21,275.

Workington A.F.C.
Workington Association Football Club is an English football club based in Workington, Cumbria, England. The club competes in the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football.

The club plays its home matches at Borough Park, which has a capacity of 3,101. The club is often referred to as Workington Reds (red being its home colour) to distinguish it from Rugby League club Workington Town. Its traditional rivals are Carlisle United and Barrow.
Rabo de Ovelha
Rabo de Ovelha (Portuguese for "Sheep's tail") is white Portuguese wine grape variety that is grown all over Portugal. It should not be confused with the red Rabo de Anho grape variety that is found in the Vinho Verde region. Rabo de Ovelha is an authorized grape variety in the Bairrada, Borba, Bucelas, Redondo, Reguengos, Setúbal and Vidigueira Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC). The grape variety gets its name from the way its grape bunches resembles the end of a ewe's tail. In winemaking, Rabo de Ovelha is known for producing highly alcoholic wines that wine expert Jancis Robinson describes as lacking subtlety.

Portuguese wine
Portuguese wine was mostly introduced by the Romans and other ancient Mediterranean peoples who traded with local coastal populations, mainly in the South. In pre-Roman Gallaecia-Lusitania times, the native peoples only drank beer and were unfamiliar with wine production. Portugal started to export its wines to Rome during the Roman Empire. Modern exports developed with trade to England after the Methuen Treaty in 1703. From this commerce a wide variety of wines started to be grown in Portugal. In 1758, one of the first wine-producing regions of the world, the Região Demarcada do Douro was created under the orientation of Marquis of Pombal, in the Douro Valley. Portugal has two wine-producing regions protected by UNESCO as World Heritage: the Douro Valley Wine Region (Douro Vinhateiro) and Pico Island Wine Region (Ilha do Pico Vinhateira). Portugal has a big variety of local kinds, producing a very wide variety of different wines with distinctive personality.
Free Music School
The Free Music School (Russian: бесплатная музыкальная школа, abbreviated as BMS or БМШ) was a private music and educational organization in St. Petersburg, Russia founded in 1862 to rival the Saint Petersburg Conservatory.

Saint Petersburg Conservatory
The N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Petersburg State Conservatory (Russian: Санкт-Петербургская государственная консерватория имени Н. А. Римского-Корсакова) (formerly known as the Petrograd Conservatory and Leningrad Conservatory) is a school of music in Saint Petersburg, Russia. In 2013, the conservatory had around 400 faculty members and over 1300 students.
Tal der Ahnungslosen
Tal der Ahnungslosen (Valley of the Clueless) was a sarcastic designation for two regions in the southeast and northeast of East Germany (GDR) that were generally unable to receive television broadcasts from West Germany (FRG) from the mid to late 1950s until early 1990, shortly before German reunification. These broadcasts included the West German public broadcasters ARD and ZDF.

Deutscher Fernsehfunk
Deutscher Fernsehfunk (DFF; German for "German Television Broadcasting") was the state television broadcaster in the German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) from 1952 to 1991.

DFF produced free-to-air terrestrial television programming approved by the ruling Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) and broadcast to audiences in East Germany and parts of West Germany. DFF served as the main televised propaganda outlet of the SED with censored political and non-political programmes featuring bias towards the Marxist–Leninist ideology of the Eastern Bloc. DFF was known as Fernsehen der DDR (DDR-FS; "GDR Television" or "Television of [the] GDR") from 1972 until German reunification in 1990, and DFF assets were replaced by the West German network before it was dissolved on 31 December 1991.
Gurro
Gurro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Verbania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 288 and an area of 13.2 square kilometres (5.1 sq mi).

Gurro borders the municipalities of Miazzina and Valle Cannobina.

Gurro is said to be populated by the descendants of Scottish soldiers. According to local legend, Scottish soldiers fleeing the Battle of Pavia (24 February 1525)  arrived in the area where severe blizzards forced many, if not all, to give up their travels and settle in the town.  Gurro is proud of its Scottish links, many Scottish flags fly around the village. Many residents claim their surnames are Italian translations of Scottish surnames, and the town also has a Scottish museum. Many quirks of the village's dialect are said to be from Gaelic.

Miazzina
Miazzina is a comune (municipality) in the province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Verbania. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 415 and an area of 21.5 square kilometres (8.3 sq mi).

Miazzina borders the following municipalities: Aurano, Cambiasca, Caprezzo, Cossogno, Gurro, Intragna, Valle Cannobina, Verbania.
Yuri I Olelkovich
Yuri Simeonovich (c. 1492 – 17 April 1542) was the prince of Kopyl and Slutsk from 1503 until his death in 1542. He was from the Olelkovich family of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and was a son of Simeon Mikhailovich Slutsky and Anastasia Slutskaya.

Princess Anastasia Slutskaya
Anastasia Slutskaya (born Anastasia Ivanovna; late 15th century – c. 1526) was a noblewoman. She was the regent of the Principality of Slutsk (then part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) during the minority of Yury (Prince of Slutsk) in 1503–1512.
St Cuthbert's Church, Dufton
St Cuthbert's Church is situated 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) north of the village of Dufton, Cumbria, England. It should not be confused with the nearby St Cuthbert's church, Milburn. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Appleby, the archdeaconry of Carlisle, and the diocese of Carlisle. The parish is one of ten parishes which form the benefice of the Heart of Eden.

The Parish Church of St Cuthbert, Dufton, is situated north-west of the village of Dufton – the name of which means 'dove farm' – and nestles beneath the eastern fells above the Eden Valley, about 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Appleby and 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Penrith. From the new churchyard, fine views are to be had of Dufton Pike and the Pennines.

Dufton
Dufton is a village and civil parish in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, it lies in the Eden Valley and below Great Dun Fell.  It is mostly around 180m above sea level. At the 2011 census the parish had a population of 201 , increasing to 204 at the 2011 Census

The centre of the village is built around a green, on the north side of which is the Stag Inn.  The village green is oblong in shape and is bisected by an avenue of lime trees that crosses it diagonally.  Houses in the village were built from the 17th century onwards and the village has changed little over the last 100 years.
Ann Simmons
Ann Linnaea Simmons (born March 10, 1953) is an American former competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany.  She competed in the women's 800-meter freestyle and finished fourth in the event final with a time of 8:57.62—a fraction of a second behind third-place Novella Calligaris of Italy.

Simmons graduated from Millikan High School in Long Beach, California.  She attended Long Beach City College (LBCC) and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).  She swam for the LBCC and UCLA Bruins swimming and diving teams, and later coached the University of California, Irvine women's swimming team.

Millikan High School
Robert A. Millikan Senior High School is a high school in Long Beach, California, United States, administered by the Long Beach Unified School District. It is near the intersection of Spring Street and Palo Verde Avenue in the Los Altos neighborhood of East Long Beach on a 36-acre campus. Millikan High School has around 3,500 students. Millikan is an AP school and does not offer IB courses.
CJ Group
CJ Corporation (Korean: CJ 주식회사), doing business as CJ Group (Korean: CJ그룹) or simply CJ, is a South Korean conglomerate holding company, operating internationally. It is one of the largest chaebol headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It comprises numerous businesses in various industries of Food & Food Service, Bio, Logistics & Retail, Entertainment & Media. CJ Group was the first manufacturing business of Samsung.

CJ comes from 'CheilJedang' (제일 제당), which literally translates to "first sugar manufacture", the industry where it originally started.

Notable CJ affiliates include CJ CheilJedang (Food & Food Service), CJ Logistics (Logistics), CJ Olive Young (Health & Beauty Stores), CJ ENM (Entertainment & Media), and CJ CGV (Cinema Chain). The group is chaired by Lee Jay-hyun, the eldest grandson of Samsung founder Lee Byung-chul.

Lee Byung-chul
Lee Byung-chul (Korean: 이병철; 12 February 1910 – 19 November 1987) was a South Korean businessman who founded the Samsung Group, the country's largest chaebol (conglomerate). Lee founded Samsung in 1938, at the age of 28. He is widely recognized as one of the most successful business magnates in South Korean history.
New Zealand twenty-dollar note
The New Zealand twenty-dollar note is a New Zealand banknote. It is issued by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand and since 1999 has been a polymer banknote. It was first issued on 10 July 1967 when New Zealand decimalised its currency, changing from the New Zealand pound to the New Zealand dollar. It has an image of Queen Elizabeth II on the front.

Banknotes of the New Zealand dollar
New Zealand dollar banknotes are the banknotes in circulation in New Zealand, the Cook Islands, Tokelau, Niue and the Pitcairn Islands, denominated in the New Zealand dollar (symbol: $; ISO 4217 currency code NZD, also abbreviated NZ$). They are issued by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand and since 1999 have been made of polymer.
The Price of Growing Up
The Price of Growing Up (生命之旅) is a TVB television series, premiered in 1987. Its theme song, "The Infinite Journey" (無限旅程) was composed and arranged by Joseph Koo, with lyrics by Wong Jim, and sung by Kenny Bee. The sub theme song, "Still My Heart Was Thinking About You" (仍然心在想你) was also composed and arranged by Joseph Koo, with lyrics by Wong Jim, and sung by Kenny Bee and Cally Kwong.

Joseph Koo
Joseph Koo Kar-Fai MBE GBS (Chinese: 顧嘉煇; 25 February 1931 – 3 January 2023) was a Hong Kong composer. He used the pen name Moran (莫然) for Mandarin songs early in his career. According to the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, Koo was one of the most respected composers in Hong Kong.
Moto Morini
Moto Morini is an Italian  motorcycle manufacturer founded by Alfonso Morini in Bologna, in 1937.

Earlier, Morini had also manufactured motorcycles together with Mario Mazzetti under the name MM. Moto Morini came under Cagiva control in 1987, then in 1996 joined Texas Pacific Group, which had also bought Ducati, and in April 1999, the rights to the name were purchased by Morini Franco Motori spa, a company which had been founded by Morini's nephew in 1954. After building large v-twin motorcycles early in the 21st century the company went into liquidation in late 2010. Moto Morini restarted motorcycle production in 2012.

V-twin engine
A V-twin engine, also called a V2 engine, is a two-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration and share a common crankshaft.

The V-twin is widely associated with motorcycles, primarily installed transversely, though also longitudinally. They are also used in a variety of other land, air, and marine vehicles, as well as industrial applications. The V-twin design dates back to the late 1880s.
European Championships (multi-sport event)
The European Championships was a multi-sport tournament which brought together the existing European Championships of some of the continent's leading sports every four years. The inaugural edition in 2018 was staged by the host cities of Berlin, Germany and Glasgow, United Kingdom between 2 and 12 August. The second edition in 2022 took place in Munich, Germany.

The various Europe-wide championships in the same disciplines that were held outside this quadrennial framework (e.g. annually in the cases of cycling, gymnastics, rowing and triathlon; biennially in the cases of athletics and aquatics) were unaffected by this event.

In January 2025, the UEC confirmed that the combined event would not be happening in 2026, and the future of the event is uncertain. In December 2024, the organising company behind the venture was dissolved.

European Athletics Championships
The European Athletics Championships is a biennial (from 2010) athletics event organised by the European Athletic Association and is recognised as the elite continental outdoor athletics championships for Europe.
Fawcett Publications
Fawcett Publications was an American publishing company founded in 1919 in Robbinsdale, Minnesota, by Wilford Hamilton "Captain Billy" Fawcett (1885–1940).

It kicked off with the publication of the bawdy humor magazine Captain Billy's Whiz Bang and expanded into a magazine empire with the first issue of Mechanix Illustrated in the 1920s, followed by numerous titles including True Confessions, Family Circle, Woman's Day, and True. Fawcett Comics, which began operating in 1939, led to the introduction of Captain Marvel. The company became a publisher of paperbacks in 1950 with the opening of Gold Medal Books.

In 1953, the company abandoned its roster of superhero comic characters in the wake of declining sales and a lawsuit for infringement by the Captain Marvel character on the copyright of the Action Comics character Superman, and ended its publication of comic books. It was purchased by CBS Publications in 1977 and subsequently was dismantled and absorbed by other companies.

True (magazine)
True, also known as True, The Man's Magazine, was published by Fawcett Publications from 1937 until 1974. Known as True, A Man's Magazine in the 1930s, it was labeled True, #1 Man's Magazine in the 1960s. Petersen Publishing took over with the January 1975, issue. It was sold to Magazine Associates in August 1975, and ceased publication shortly afterward.

High adventure, sports profiles and dramatic conflicts were highlighted in articles such as "Living and Working at Nine Fathoms" by Ed Batutis, "Search for the Perfect Beer" by Bob McCabe and the uncredited "How to Start Your Own Hunting-Fishing Lodge." In addition to pictorials ("Iceland, Unexpected Eden" by Lawrence Fried) and humor pieces ("The Most Unforgettable Sonofabitch I Ever Knew" by Robert Ruark), there were columns, miscellaneous features and regular concluding pages: "This Funny Life," "Man to Man Answers," "Strange But True" and "True Goes Shopping."
Pataliputra capital
The Pataliputra capital is a monumental rectangular capital with volutes and Classical Greek designs, that was discovered in the palace ruins of the ancient Mauryan Empire capital city of Pataliputra (modern Patna, Eastern India). It is dated to the 3rd century BCE.

Bead and reel
Bead and reel is an architectural motif, usually found in sculptures, moldings and numismatics. It consists in a thin line where beadlike elements alternate with cylindrical ones. It is found throughout the modern Western world in architectural detail, particularly on Greek/Roman style buildings, wallpaper borders, and interior moulding design. It is often used in combination with the egg-and-dart motif.

According to art historian John Boardman, the bead and reels motif was entirely developed in Greece from motifs derived from the turning techniques used for wood and metal, and was first employed in stone sculpture in Greece during the 6th century BC. The motif then spread to Persia, Egypt and the Hellenistic world, and as far as India, where it can be found on the abacus part of some of the Pillars of Ashoka or the Pataliputra capital.  Bead and reel motifs can be found abundantly in Greek and Hellenistic sculpture and on the border of Hellenistic coins.