hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
10th U-boat Flotilla
The 10th U-boat Flotilla (German 10. Unterseebootsflottille) was a German U-boat flotilla used for front-line combat purposes during World War II. Founded on 15 January 1942 at Lorient under the command of Korvettenkapitän Günther Kuhnke, eighty U-boats, including two captured Dutch submarines, operated with this flotilla before it was dissolved on 21 August 1944, and the remaining U-boats were moved to bases in Norway and Germany. Kuhnke himself took command of U-853, the last U-boat to leave, on 27 August 1944 to sail to Flensburg where he assumed command of 33rd U-boat Flotilla.

Günter Kuhnke
Günter Kuhnke (7 September 1912 – 11 October 1990) was a German submarine commander during World War II and later a Konteradmiral with the Bundesmarine, West Germany's navy. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany.
Toulouse–Blagnac Airport
Toulouse–Blagnac Airport (French: Aéroport de Toulouse–Blagnac; Occitan: Aeroport de Tolosa–Blanhac) (IATA: TLS, ICAO: LFBO) is an international airport located 3.6 nautical miles (6.7 km; 4.1 mi) west northwest of Toulouse, partially in Blagnac, both communes of the Haute-Garonne department in the Occitanie region of France. In 2017, the airport served 9,264,611 passengers and in 2024 7.8 million passengers. As of March 2024, the airport featured flights to 84 destinations, mostly in Europe and Northern Africa with a few additional seasonal long-haul connections.

Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (French pronunciation: [ot ɡaʁɔn]; Occitan: Nauta Garona, pronounced [ˈnawto ɡaˈɾuno]; Upper Garonne) is a department in the southwestern French region of Occitanie. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country's fourth-largest. In 2019, it had a population of 1,400,039.
Alcanena
Alcanena (Portuguese pronunciation: [alkɐˈnenɐ] ⓘ) is a Portuguese town and municipality of Ribatejo in Santarém District. The population in 2011 was 13,868, in an area of 127.33 km².

The current mayor is Rui Anastácio (Partido Social Democrata) and the president of the Municipal Assembly is Silvestre Pereira (Socialist Party). The municipal holiday is Ascension Day.

Aire and Candeeiros Ranges Natural Park
The Aire and Candeeiros Ranges Natural Park (in Portuguese, Parque Natural das Serras de Aire e Candeeiros, or PNSAC) is a natural park in the Central-West region of Portugal. It occupies an area of 383.9 km2 (148.2 sq mi) and is the most important limestone deposit in Portugal, with a variety of geological formations and climate associated with karst geomorphology and topography, such as underground caves and sinkholes. It was designated a protected area in 1979 with the intent to preserve its natural aspects, and the architectonic and cultural heritage linked to the local human populations.
Jumping Frenchmen of Maine
The Jumping Frenchmen of Maine were a group of 19th-century lumberjacks who exhibited a rare disorder of unknown origin. The syndrome entails an exaggerated startle reflex which may be described as an uncontrollable "jump". Individuals with this condition could exhibit sudden movements in all parts of the body. Jumping Frenchmen syndrome shares some symptoms with other startle disorders.

Individuals with this condition were first found in the Moosehead Lake region of Maine, and were first described by George Miller Beard in 1878.

Startle response
In animals, including humans, the startle response is a largely unconscious defensive response to sudden or threatening stimuli, such as sudden noise or sharp movement, and is associated with negative affect. Usually the onset of the startle response is a startle reflex reaction. The startle reflex is a brainstem reflectory reaction (reflex) that serves to protect vulnerable parts, such as the back of the neck (whole-body startle) and the eyes (eyeblink) and facilitates escape from sudden stimuli. It is found across many different species, throughout all stages of life. A variety of responses may occur depending on the affected individual's emotional state, body posture, preparation for execution of a motor task, or other activities. The startle response is implicated in the formation of specific phobias.
Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville is a city in Calhoun County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 14,385, which is a 14.6% increase since 2010 and a 71.2% increase since 2000. It is included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is home to Jacksonville State University, which is a center of commerce and one of the largest employers in the area.

John Pelham (soldier)
John Pelham (September 7, 1838 – March 17, 1863) was a Confederate cavalry soldier under J. E. B. Stuart during the American Civil War. Robert E. Lee called Pelham "The Gallant Pelham" for his use of light artillery at the Battle of Fredericksburg to delay U.S. soldiers.
Essex-Orleans (Vermont Senate district)
The Essex-Orleans district was one of 13 Vermont Senate districts included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2010 U.S. census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. Following the 2020 U.S. census the district was divided into two for Essex County and Orleans County.

The Essex-Orleans district includes all of Essex County, Orleans County, and some parts of others.

As of the 2010 census, the state as a whole had a population of 625,741. As there are a total of 30 senators, there were 20,858 residents per senator.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 30 senators, there were 20,294 residents per senator.  The Essex-Orleans district had a population of 38,657 in that same census.  The district is apportioned two senators. This equals 19,329 residents per senator, 4.76% below the state average.

Orleans County, Vermont
Orleans County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,393. Its shire town (county seat) is the city of Newport. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1799. As in the rest of New England, few governmental powers have been granted to the county. The county is an expedient way of grouping and distributing state-controlled governmental services.
Jin Shangyi
Jin Shangyi (born 1934) is a contemporary Chinese oil painter within the neoclassical realism movement in Chinese oil painting. From 1987 to 2001, Jin Shangyi served as president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts and professor of the Oil Painting Department.

Central Academy of Fine Arts
The Central Academy of Fine Arts or CAFA is an art academy under the direct charge of the Ministry of Education of China. The Manila Bulletin calls the school "China's most prestigious and renowned art academy." It is considered one of the most selective schools in the country and turns away more than 90% of its applicants each year.
Benjamin Hardison
Benjamin Hardison (1761 – July 1823) was a farmer, miller and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented 4th Lincoln and Norfolk in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1797 to 1800.

He was born in Berwick in the Thirteen Colonies. Hardison served with American forces during the American Revolution, was taken prisoner and sent to Canada, later settling at Fort Erie in Bertie Township. He was a captain in the militia and a justice of the peace for the Niagara District. He operated mills and a distillery at Fort Erie. Hardison died there after purchasing a share of a mill with James Kerby earlier in 1823.

He at one point owned a black woman named Chloe Cooley as a slave before selling her to Adam Vrooman. Her eventual sale by Vrooman to the United States led to the passage of the Act Against Slavery.

Chloe Cooley
Chloe Cooley was a young black woman held as a slave in Fort Erie and Queenston, Upper Canada, in the late 1700s, as the area was being settled by Loyalists from the United States. Her owner forced her into a boat to sell her in 1793 across the Niagara River in the United States.

This incident was observed by several witnesses, who petitioned the Executive Council of Upper Canada. Although charges were dropped against Cooley's owner, the incident is believed to have led to passage of the Act Against Slavery, 1793, in Upper Canada. It prevented slaves from being imported into the province and provided for gradual abolition of slavery within a generation among those held there.
Comarca Lagunera
The Comarca Lagunera or La Comarca de la Laguna ("region of lagoons") is a region of northern Mexico occupying large portions of the states of Durango and Coahuila, with rich soils produced by periodic flooding of the Nazas and Aguanaval rivers. Neither river drains into either the Pacific Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico, but rather they created a series of inland lakes. The region was developed for large-scale irrigated cotton agriculture. During the Mexican Revolution, the region was the site of fierce fighting. Following the military phase of the Revolution, the region was part of the agrarian reform under President Lázaro Cárdenas. The dam named for Cárdenas now controls flooding of the rivers, but the groundwater resources are no longer recharged as a result. It is the 8th largest metropolitan area in Mexico.

Durango
Durango, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, is one of the states which make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico, situated in the northwest portion of the country. With a population of 1,832,650, the 8th lowest of Mexico's states, Durango has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja California Sur. The capital city, Victoria de Durango, is named after the first President of Mexico, Guadalupe Victoria.
Beltrami, Minnesota
Beltrami is a city in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. It was named for Giacomo Beltrami (1779–1855), an Italian exile who traveled to the Red River and the upper Mississippi in 1823. The city was incorporated in 1901, but there had been settlers in the area since 1870. It is part of the Grand Forks, ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 88 at the 2020 census.

Giacomo Beltrami
Giacomo Costantino Beltrami (1779 – January 6, 1855) was an Italian  jurist, author, and explorer, known for claiming to have discovered the headwaters of the Mississippi River in 1823 while on a trip through much of the United States (later expeditions determined a different source).  In Minnesota, Beltrami (in Polk County) and Beltrami County are named for him. He had an extensive network of notable figures for friends and acquaintances, including members of the powerful Medici family.
Mike Foote
Mike Foote is an American politician and a former member of the Colorado House of Representatives who represented District 12 from January 9, 2013, to early 2019. In December 2018, Foote, a Democrat, was selected to fill the vacant State Senate District 17 seat after state senator Matt Jones resigned to become Boulder County Commissioner.

Colorado's 17th Senate district
Colorado's 17th Senate district is one of 35 districts in the Colorado Senate. It was previously represented by Democrat Sonya Jaquez Lewis from 2021 until her resignation in 2025. Katie Wallace was selected to represent the district by vacancy committee in March 2025.
Maria Fe Abunda
Maria Fe Romerica Abunda (Tagalog pronunciation: [ʔaˈbʊnda]; born November 8, 1957) is a Filipino politician. She served as a member of the Philippine House of Representatives representing the Eastern Samar's Lone District from 2019 to 2025. She served as the mayor of Borongan from 2010 to 2019. She became the first woman to be elected as Eastern Samar representative. She is the sister of television host Boy Abunda.

Borongan
Borongan, officially the City of Borongan (Waray: Siyudad han Borongan;  Filipino: Lungsod ng Borongan), is a  component city and capital of the province of Eastern Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 71,431 people.

It is the most populous LGU in Eastern Samar and it is also nicknamed as the "City of the Golden Sunrise/Sunshine" and aspiring to be the "King City of the East". Its cityhood was settled by the Supreme Court of the Philippines when it decided with finality on April 12, 2007, the constitutionality of its city charter, Republic Act 9394, which conferred upon and elevated the status of the municipality of Borongan into a component city of the province of Eastern Samar.
I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell
I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell is a book of autobiographical short stories about sex and drinking adventures written by Tucker Max. It was a New York Times #1 bestseller and made the Best Seller List each year from 2006 to 2011. It has sold over one million copies worldwide, including 400,000 copies in 2009 alone. The book was subsequently made into a feature film of the same title.

Composed of short stories narrated by the author, the book often focuses on the narrator's humorous excess. The stories deal with themes such as the author's views on women, drinking (often to excess), insulting people, and embarrassing sexual encounters. A sequel, Assholes Finish First, was released by Simon & Schuster on September 28, 2010.

I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell (film)
I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell is a 2009 American independent comedy film loosely based on the work and persona of writer Tucker Max, who co-wrote the screenplay. In an interview with Shave Magazine Max explained that the film is not "a direct recount or retelling. It says it is based on true events because it is. Basically, every scene in the movie happened in real life in one way or another but it happened in a different time or time frame. But pretty much every single thing happened." The film was directed by Bob Gosse and stars Matt Czuchry as Max. It was produced by Darko Entertainment and distributed by Freestyle Releasing. Max had said previously that sequels were possible if the initial film found financial success.

The film was released in theaters on September 25, 2009. The DVD was released on January 26, 2010. While the book was a best-seller, the film was a box office bomb that was met with generally negative reviews.
Great Way Government
The Great Way or Dadao Government, formally the Great Way Municipal Government of Shanghai, was a short-lived puppet state proclaimed in Pudong on December 5, 1937, to administer Japanese-occupied Shanghai in the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Puppet state
A puppet state, puppet régime, puppet government or dummy government is a state that is de jure independent but de facto completely dependent upon an outside power and subject to its orders. Puppet states have nominal sovereignty, except that a foreign power effectively exercises control through economic or military support. By leaving a local government in existence the outside power evades all responsibility, while at the same time successfully paralysing the local government they tolerate.

Puppet states differ from allies, who choose their actions of their own initiative or in accordance with treaties they have voluntarily entered. Puppet states are forced into legally endorsing actions already taken by a foreign power.
Menggie Cobarrubias
Domingo "Menggie" Cobarrubias (August 10, 1951 – March 26, 2020) was a Filipino actor who appeared in approximately 200 television shows and films.

Cobarrubias received a Gawad Urian Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the 1979 film Jaguar. He also won the Best Actor award in the 2014 QCinema International Film Festival for his performance in Mauban: Ang Resiko.

Jaguar (1979 film)
Jaguar is a 1979 Filipino neo noir crime film directed by Lino Brocka from a story and screenplay written by Jose F. Lacaba and Ricky Lee. It was entered into the 1980 Cannes Film Festival. The story is based on the real-life "Brown Derby Shooting" in 1960 as documented by Quijano de Manila in the article "The Boy Who Wanted to Become Society", later republished in the non-fiction crime anthology, Reportage on Crime (1977).

The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival, becoming the first Filipino film to compete in the main competition of the festival. It won Best Picture and Best Director at the 1980 FAMAS Awards. It also won five Gawad Urian Awards, including Best Picture and Best Direction. Anita Linda was nominated for Best Supporting Actress at the Urian Awards.

A 4K restoration of the film premiered at the 16th Lumière Festival in October 2024 in Lyon, France.
Short Dick Man
"Short Dick Man" (also known as "Short, Short Man") is a song by American hip house group 20 Fingers featuring rapper Gillette. It was released in August 1994 on Zoo Entertainment and SOS Records as their debut single from their album, On the Attack and More (1994). The song also appears on 20 Fingers' second self-titled studio album and on Gillette's debut solo album, On the Attack (1994). It was written by Charlie Babie and Manny Mohr, and produced by Babie. The tune was a global success, particularly in Brazil, France and Italy. In El Salvador, France and Italy, this was a number-one hit. It also reached number three in Germany, number four in Australia, number six in Austria and the Wallonia region of Belgium, and number seven in the Netherlands and New Zealand. Its music video was directed by Daniel Zirilli. The success of "Short Dick Man" earned 20 Fingers an award at the 1996 Dance d'Or Awards in France.

20 Fingers (album)
20 Fingers is the self-titled second and final studio album of American music group 20 Fingers. It has been released on October 24, 1995, under Zoo Entertainment/SOS Records, six months after the release of their debut album On the Attack and More.
Gene Dinwiddie
Gene Dinwiddie (born Charles Eugene Dinwiddie; September 19, 1936 in Louisville, Kentucky, United States – January 11, 2002 in La Puente, Los Angeles, California, aged 65), was an American blues saxophonist, who is best known as a member of the Butterfield Blues Band.

Dinwiddie had played since the 1950s in both jazz and blues until, in 1967, the Butterfield Blues Band added a horn section. In this he remained until the band broke up in 1971, and afterwards he was still a member of the Butterfield Band spinoff group, Full Moon.

It also was during the 1960s that he was a member of the James Cotton Blues Band and worked in the 1970s as a session musician, amongst other musicians for, B. B. King, Paul Butterfield, Gregg Allman, Melissa Manchester and Jackie Lomax. In the 1990s, his work as a session musician continued. He can be heard, for example, on Etta James' Stickin' to My Guns (1990).

The Paul Butterfield Blues Band
The Paul Butterfield Blues Band was an American blues and blues-rock band from Chicago. Formed in the summer of 1963, the group originally featured eponymous vocalist and harmonicist Paul Butterfield, guitarist Elvin Bishop, bassist Jerome Arnold, and drummer Sam Lay. The band added guitarist Mike Bloomfield and keyboardist Mark Naftalin before recording their self-titled debut album, which was released in October 1965. The founding sextet were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015, along with Billy Davenport, their drummer on their second album, East-West.
The Big Cigar
The Big Cigar is a 2024 biographical drama television miniseries developed by Jim Hecht, based on the 2012 Playboy article of the same name by Joshuah Bearman. Following the events of the Black Panther Party in 1970s, the series is about party founder Huey P. Newton escaping from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to Cuba with the help of Bert Schneider for an elaborate plan.

The miniseries stars André Holland, Alessandro Nivola, Tiffany Boone, P. J. Byrne, and Marc Menchaca. The Big Cigar premiered its first two episodes on Apple TV+ on May 17, 2024, and received generally positive reviews from critics. The series concluded on June 14, 2024.

Moses Ingram
Moses Ingram (born February 6, 1994) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Jolene in the Netflix miniseries The Queen's Gambit (2020). For this role, she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie. She is also known for her role as Reva Sevander/the Third Sister in the Disney+ miniseries Obi-Wan Kenobi (2022).
Słaboszowice
Słaboszowice [swabɔʂɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sędziszów, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Sędziszów, 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Jędrzejów, and 45 km (28 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Sędziszów
Gmina Sędziszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sędziszów, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 145.71 square kilometres (56.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 13,116 (out of which the population of Sędziszów amounts to 6,813, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,303).
Flintshire Coalfield
The Flintshire Coalfield in north-east Wales is one of the smaller British coalfields. It  is in the county of Flintshire and extends from the Point of Ayr in the north, along the Dee Estuary through Connah's Quay to Caergwrle in the south. A small part extends onto the Wirral i.e. English coast of the estuary at Neston, Cheshire which was the site of a coalmine for a period. The coal-bearing strata continue southwards of Caergwrle as the Denbighshire Coalfield. Together the two coalfields are known as the North Wales Coalfield.

Wirral Peninsula
The Wirral Peninsula (/ˈwɪrəl/), known locally as the Wirral, is a peninsula in North West England. The roughly rectangular peninsula is about 15 miles (24 km) long and 7 miles (11 km) wide, and is bounded by the Dee Estuary to the west, the Mersey Estuary to the east and Liverpool Bay to the north.

Historically, the Wirral was wholly in Cheshire; in the Domesday Book, its border with the rest of the county was placed at "two arrow falls from Chester city walls".  However, since the Local Government Act 1972, only the southern third has been in Cheshire, with almost all the rest lying in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside. An area of saltmarsh and reclaimed land adjoining the south-west of the peninsula lies in the Welsh county of Flintshire.
Aydıncık, Mersin
Aydıncık is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 352 km2, and its population is 11,468 (2022). It is on the Mediterranean coast, 173 km (107 mi) from Mersin and 325 km (202 mi) from Antalya.

Aydıncık has also been called in Armenian Կելենդերիդա, and Gilindire, from Kelenderis (Greek: Κελένδερις).

This remote coastline is mostly unspoilt and 38 kilometers long, including some sandy beach, and the town of Aydıncık is spread along the coast near a small point, Sancak Burnu.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.