hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Witches of East End
Witches of East End is a 2011 novel by the author Melissa de la Cruz and the first book in her Beauchamp Family series. It was published on June 21, 2011, by Hyperion Books and follows a family of Long Island witches struggling against dark forces conspiring against them. Witches of East End is de la Cruz's first adult novel. She said she wrote it with her Blue Bloods audience in mind because "many of them will soon be adults" and the book takes place in the same universe as the Blue Bloods series. Two sequels have been published, Serpent's Kiss (2012) and Winds of Salem (2013).

A television series adaptation, Witches of East End, debuted October 6, 2013, on Lifetime.

Witches of East End (TV series)
Witches of East End is an American television series based on the 2011 novel of the same name by Melissa de la Cruz. The series premiered on Lifetime on October 6, 2013, and ended on October 5, 2014, after two seasons. Set in the fictional seaside town of East End, it follows the lives of a family of witches – Joanna Beauchamp (Julia Ormond) and her two grown-up daughters, Freya Beauchamp (Jenna Dewan) and Ingrid Beauchamp (Rachel Boston), as well as her sister Wendy Beauchamp (Mädchen Amick).

On November 22, 2013, Lifetime renewed Witches of East End for a second season to consist of 13 episodes, which premiered on July 6, 2014. On November 4, 2014, Lifetime cancelled Witches of East End after a decline in ratings during the second season. The series finale aired on October 5, 2014.
Vasily Butusov
Vasily Pavlovich Butusov (Russian: Василий Павлович Бутусов; 26 January 1892 (OS)/7 February 1892 (NS) – 28 September 1971) was a Russian amateur association football player who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He was a member of the Russian Olympic squad and played one match in the main tournament and one match in the consolation tournament. He scored the only goal for Russia in this competition. This was also the first international game for Russia, so he became the first goal scorer for Russia.

Butusov was born in Myshkin, Yaroslavl province and died in Saint Petersburg. He was the brother of Mikhail Butusov.

Mikhail Butusov
Mikhail Pavlovich Butusov (Russian: Михаил Павлович Бутусов; 18 June 1900 in Myshkin, Yaroslavl province  – 11 April 1963 in Leningrad) was a Soviet football player and coach and a bandy player. He was the brother of Vasily Butusov.
Ueno Daibutsu
Ueno Daibutsu (上野大仏) was an Edo-period giant seated statue of Shaka Nyorai in what is now Ueno Park, Tokyo, Japan. Of bronze and dating to 1631, it was restored after an earthquake damage in 1640, a fire in 1841, and again after the 1855 Edo earthquake. It was heavily damaged during the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, when the head was toppled. Much of its bulk was melted down for reuse during the Pacific War. In 1972, the face, stored in Kan'ei-ji, was put on display in its former location.

Former Daibutsuden, early Meiji period

Ueno Daibutsu in the Taishō period, before the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake

The head fallen off the Daibutsu, after the 1923 earthquake.

Ueno Park
Ueno Park (上野公園, Ueno Kōen) is a spacious public park in the Ueno district of Taitō, Tokyo, Japan. The park was established in 1873 on lands formerly belonging to the temple of Kan'ei-ji. Amongst the country's first public parks, it was founded following the Western example as part of the borrowing and assimilation of international practices that characterizes the early Meiji period. The home of a number of major museums, Ueno Park is also celebrated in spring for its cherry blossoms and hanami. In recent times the park and its attractions have drawn over ten million visitors a year, making it Japan's most popular city park.
Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen
Frederick Ferdinand of Anhalt-Köthen (25 June 1769, in Pless – 23 August 1830, in Köthen) was a German prince, Ascanian ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Pless and, from 1818, of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. He was the second son of Frederick Erdmann, Prince of Anhalt-Pless, and his wife, Countess Louise Ferdinande of Stolberg-Wernigerode, daughter of Henry Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode.

Anhalt-Köthen
Anhalt-Köthen [ˈʔanhalt ˈkøːtn] was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire ruled by the House of Ascania. It was created in 1396 when the Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst was partitioned between Anhalt-Dessau and Anhalt-Köthen. The first creation lasted until 1562, when it fell to Prince Joachim Ernest of Anhalt-Zerbst, who merged it into the reunited Principality of Anhalt.

Anhalt-Köthen was created a second time in 1603, when Anhalt was again divided. In 1806, Anhalt-Köthen was raised to a duchy. With the death of Duke Henry on 23 November 1847, the Anhalt-Köthen line became extinct and its territories were united to Anhalt-Dessau by patent of 22 May 1853. Today, Anhalt-Köthen is mostly remembered as a long-time residence of Johann Sebastian Bach, while he worked for Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen.
Perfluorocycloalkene
A perfluorocycloalkene (PFCA) fluorocarbon structure with a cycloalkene core. PFCAs have shown reactivity with a wide variety of nucleophiles including phenoxides, alkoxides, organometallic, amines, thiols, and azoles. They or their derivatives are reported to have nonlinear optical activity, and be useful as lubricants, etching agents, components of fuel cells, low-dielectric materials, and superhydrophobic and oleophobic coatings.

Examples of perfluorocycloalkenes

Tetrafluorocyclopropene

Hexafluorocyclobutene

Octafluorocyclopentene

Decafluorocyclohexene

Fluorocarbon
Fluorocarbons are chemical compounds with carbon-fluorine bonds.  Compounds that contain many C-F bonds often have distinctive properties, e.g., enhanced stability, volatility, and hydrophobicity.  Several fluorocarbons and their derivatives are commercial polymers, refrigerants, drugs, and anesthetics.
Thorns, spines, and prickles
In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Vacuum flange
A vacuum flange is a flange at the end of a tube used to connect vacuum chambers, tubing and vacuum pumps to each other. Vacuum flanges are used for scientific and industrial applications to allow various pieces of equipment to interact via physical connections and for vacuum maintenance, monitoring, and manipulation from outside a vacuum's chamber. Several flange standards exist with differences in ultimate attainable pressure, size, and ease of attachment.

Vacuum pump
A vacuum pump is a type of pump device that draws gas particles from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum. The first vacuum pump was invented in 1650 by Otto von Guericke, and was preceded by the suction pump, which dates to antiquity.
Jennifer Charles
Jennifer Asher Charles (born Zipken; November 15, 1968) is an American singer and songwriter. Along with Oren Bloedow, she co-founded the New York band Elysian Fields. Her work is known for its emotional intensity, with her writing exploring nature, love, loss, death, myth, and identity, often with philosophical and literary influences. She has a contralto voice.

Oren Bloedow
Oren Bloedow (born July 3, 1965) is an American singer, guitarist and bassist. He founded the band Elysian Fields in 1995 with Jennifer Charles. His father, Jerry Bloedow, was a playwright, poet, and film editor whose theater, the Hardware Poet's Playhouse, participated in the New York avant-garde scene in the 1950s and 1960s.
The Battlefords (federal electoral district)
The Battlefords was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1968. This riding was created in 1933 from parts of North Battleford, Rosetown and South Battleford ridings.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Meadow Lake, Battleford—Kindersley and Saskatoon—Biggar ridings.

South Battleford
South Battleford was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Battleford and Kindersley ridings.

It was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed into Kindersley and The Battlefords ridings.
IMARES
The International MA in Russian and Eurasian Studies (IMARES, before 2008 - International MA in Russian Studies, IMARS) is 
an advanced graduate programme at the European University at St. Petersburg, Russia, for students who already hold a BA degree or its equivalent. The programme is taught in English and offers training and research opportunities as well as a first hand experience of getting a close feel for Russia and many other countries in a wider region. In 1997 this programme began as MA in Russian Studies.

IMARES provides training in the politics, economy, society, and history of Russia and neighbouring Eurasian states. It combines the highest standards of teaching in English by Russian and international faculty with the advantages of living in St. Petersburg, Russia's cultural capital. A separate teaching module on Empire and Islam is offered in Kazan, the city where Slavonic and Turkic civilisations meet.

European University at Saint Petersburg
The European University at Saint Petersburg (Russian: Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге), sometimes referred to as EUSP, is a non-state graduate university located in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It was founded in 1994.

The main language of instruction at the university is Russian. However, the Department of Political Science and Sociology (ranked top three in Eastern Europe and the best in Russia in 2002) in 1998 launched a programme in Russian and Eurasian studies IMARES for graduates of Western universities, which is delivered in English. A similar program though more concentrated on Russian cultural history and arts, MARCA, existed until 2017.  The third MA program with English training, Energy Politics in Eurasia or ENERPO, started in Fall 2012.
Buyeo Yung
Buyeo Yung (615–682) was the eldest son of King Uija, the last king of Baekje.  He was appointed crown prince in 644, and would have been the kingdom's 32nd ruler. He is known as the progenitor of Buyeo Seo Clan (부여 서씨/扶餘徐氏) where he changed his surname to Seo.

After his father was overthrown by an alliance of Silla and the Chinese Tang dynasty in 660, Buyeo Yung was sent into exile at the Tang capital Luoyang, along with his father.  After the defeat of the Baekje restoration movement led by Boksin and Dochim at the Battle of Baekgang, which had sought to place Yung's brother Buyeo Pung on the throne, Tang felt the need for a ruler who could pacify the Baekje area.  Beginning in 664, Buyeo Yung served briefly as the governor of the Ungjin Commandery (웅진도독부; 熊津都督府) which Tang established to oversee the former territory of Baekje.

After Silla expelled Tang forces from the Korean peninsula in 676, Buyeo Yung returned to Luoyang, where he spent the rest of his days.

Buyeo Pung
Buyeo Pung (扶餘豊, 623–668) was a prince of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was son of the last king, Uija of Baekje. When Baekje fell to the Silla–Tang alliance in 660, he was a hostage who mortgaged the alliance of Baekje with Japan. He was shortly unofficially proclaimed king.

He came back with a Japanese army and Yamato general Abe no Hirafu to revive the country. General Boksin of the Baekje revival forces gave him the title King Pungjang (풍장왕; 豊璋王). He joined forces with the Baekje resistance led by general Boksin. In 663, however, the Baekje resistance and Japan lost the Battle of Baekgang to the army of Tang and Silla, and Baekje collapsed. The prince fled to neighboring Goguryeo. When Goguryeo collapsed, he was captured by the Tang army and sent to southern China in exile. His later life is unknown.

One of his brothers, Zenkō (善光 or 禅広), settled in Japan and was given the family name Kudara no Konikishi (百濟王; king of Baekje) by the emperor of Japan.
Premios 40 Principales for Best America Best North Act
The Premios 40 Principales for Best America Best North Act is an honor presented annually at the Los 40 Principaless, a ceremony that recognizes excellence, creates a greater awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latino artists in the international scene.

This is a list of the Los Premios 40 Principales winners and nominees for Best America Best North Act.

Los 40 Music Awards
Los40 Music Awards, formerly known as Premios 40 Principales, is an award show by the musical radio station Los 40. It was created in 2006 to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of the founding of the worldwide station.
Oxyloma
The Jurassic Astartidae clam erroneously named Oxyloma by Gardner and Campbell in 2002 is now known as Oxyeurax.

Oxyloma is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Succineidae, the ambersnails.

Succineidae
Succineidae are a family of small to medium-sized, air-breathing land snails (and slugs), terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Succineoidea.

They are commonly called amber snails because their thin fragile shells are translucent and amber-colored.  They usually live in damp habitats such as marshes.

Succineidae is the only family in the superfamily Succineoidea.

The soft parts of the animal appear to be too large for the shell.
Gioacchino Navarro
Gioacchino Navarro (1748 – 1 January 1813) was a Maltese cleric, archaeologist, linguist and librarian. He is historically significant as the author of the earliest printed poems in the Maltese language, which appeared in François-Emmanuel de Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest's book Malte par un Voyageur Français (1791).

Navarro is mainly known for his It-Tliet Għanjiet bil-Malti (The Three Rhymes in Maltese), which are the earliest known printed poems in the Maltese language. These were first published in 1791 in the book Malte par un Voyageur Français by François-Emmanuel Guignard, comte de Saint-Priest. In Msida, Malta, there is a street named after this poet, called "Triq Gioacchino Navarro".

Maltese literature
Maltese literature is any literature originating from Malta or by Maltese writers or literature written in the Maltese language.

This article will give an overview of the history of Maltese-language literature.
James Wood (critic)
James Douglas Graham Wood (born 1 November 1965) is an English[a] literary critic, essayist and novelist.

Wood was The Guardian's chief literary critic between 1992 and 1995. He was a senior editor at The New Republic between 1995 and 2007. As of 2014, he is Professor of the Practice of Literary Criticism at Harvard University and a staff writer at The New Yorker.

Harold Bloom
Harold Bloom (July 11, 1930 – October 14, 2019) was an American literary critic and the Sterling Professor of humanities at Yale University. In 2017, Bloom was called "probably the most famous literary critic in the English-speaking world". After publishing his first book in 1959, Bloom wrote more than 50 books, including over 40 books of literary criticism, several books discussing religion, and one novel. He edited hundreds of anthologies concerning numerous literary and philosophical figures for the Chelsea House publishing firm. Bloom's books have been translated into more than 40 languages. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1995.

Bloom was a defender of the traditional Western canon at a time when literature departments were focusing on what he derided as the "School of Resentment" (which included multiculturalism, feminism, and Marxism). He was educated at Yale, the University of Cambridge, and Cornell University.
Gregory's General Store
Gregory's General Store is an exhibit at the Black Country Living Museum. It once occupied numbers 89 & 90 Lawrence Lane, Old Hill, and was rebuilt on the museum site in 1980. It is set as it would have been in 1925.

Black Country Living Museum
The Black Country Living Museum (formerly the Black Country Museum) is an open-air museum of rebuilt historic buildings in Dudley, West Midlands, England. It is located in the centre of the Black Country, 10 miles (16 km) west of Birmingham. The museum occupies 10.5 hectares (26 acres) of former industrial land partly reclaimed from a former railway goods yard, disused lime kilns, canal arm and former coal pits.

The museum opened to the public in 1978, and has since added over 50 shops, houses and other industrial buildings from around the metropolitan boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell and Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton (collectively known as the Black Country); mainly in a specially built village. Most buildings were relocated from their original sites to form a base from where demonstrators portray life spanning 300 years of history, with a focus on 1850–1950.

The museum continues to evolve, as further buildings and other exhibits are added.
Paypayrola
Paypayrola is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Violaceae.

Its native range is Central and Southern Tropical America.

Nine species are accepted.

Paypayrola arenacea Aymard & G.A.Romero

Paypayrola blanchetiana Tul.

Paypayrola bordenavei (H.E.Ballard & Munzinger) Byng & Christenh.

Paypayrola confertiflora Tul.

Paypayrola grandiflora Tul.

Paypayrola guianensis Aubl.

Paypayrola hulkiana Pulle

Paypayrola longifolia Tul.

Paypayrola panamensis H.E.Ballard

Violaceae
Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola,  the violets and pansies.

Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed the Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales or the Parietales. However, molecular phylogeny studies place the family in the Malpighiales as reflected in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification, with 41 other families, where it is situated in the parietal clade of 11 families. Most of the species are found in three large genera, Viola, Rinorea and Hybanthus. The other genera are largely monotypic or oligotypic. The genera are grouped into four clades within the family. The species are largely tropical or subtropical but Viola has a number of species in temperate regions. Many genera have a very restricted distribution.
Pigeon Island (Solomon Islands)
Pigeon Island is of one of the Reef Islands in Temotu Province, in the independent nation of Solomon Islands, 360 nautical miles from Honiara. The island is 274 by 91 metres. In local language the island is called Ngarando, which means a faraway place.

Reef Islands
The Reef Islands are a loose collection of 16 islands in the in Temotu Province, in the independent nation of Solomon Islands.  These islands have historically also been known by the names of Swallow Islands and Matema Islands.
Red Hook, U.S. Virgin Islands
Red Hook is a suburban port census-designated place (CDP) located on the east side of Saint Thomas in the East End subdistrict. It is the least populated town or CDP in the Virgin Islands with a population of 225 according to the 2020 Census.  This east end CDP features an unofficial "town" of red-tiled roof homes and businesses dotting a rolling coastline that overlooks Pillsbury Sound and the island of St. John. Red Hook hosts several hotels, marinas, a busy port, and other key items of the east side of St. Thomas (East End (pop. 7,672)).

U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 32
U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 32 (VI 32) is a primary territorial highway on the island of St. Thomas in the United States Virgin Islands. It runs about 3.9 miles (6.3 km) from VI 38 in Tutu to VI 38 at the Red Hook Ferry Terminal in Red Hook. The highway travels in a southeastern direction between its termini, intersecting VI 30 in Nadir and traveling along the coastline near Benner Bay. VI 32 serves as an access route between Charlotte Amalie and the southeastern areas of St. Thomas.
Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (French: la Constitution de la Cinquième République), and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, keeping it's preamble. The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state.

Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the constitution has been amended twenty-five times, notably in 2008 and most recently in 2024.

1969 French constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in France on 27 April 1969. The referendum proposed government decentralization and changes to the Senate. These reforms were rejected by 52.4% of voters, leading to President Charles de Gaulle's resignation.
M22.3 (Kosovo)
The M22.3 (Albanian: Nacionale 22.3, Serbian: Magistralni put 22.3) also commonly known as Rruga Mitrovicë-Leposaviq, and N22.3 is a road which connects north and south part of Kosovo. It starts from the border with Serbia at Jarinje, passes through cities such as Jarinje, Leposaviq and Mitrovica, and ends at the M-22.3 and M-2 junction. The road is 54 kilometers long.

M-2 (Kosovo)
The M2 (Albanian: Nacionale 2, Serbian: Magistralni put 2) also commonly known as Rruga Mitrovicë-Prishtinë, Rruga Prishtinë-Shkup and N2 is a road which connects the northwestern and southeast part of Kosovo. It starts from the border with Serbia at Brnjak, passes through cities such as Mitrovica, Pristina and Ferizaj, and ends at the Macedonian border at Hani i Elezit. The road is 135 kilometers long.
BGM (album)
BGM is the fourth studio album by Yellow Magic Orchestra, released on March 21, 1981. The electronic music album, whose title stands for "Background music", was produced by Haruomi Hosono. Recording started on January 15, 1981, in an effort to release the album by March 21, 1981.

It was one of the first albums to feature the Roland TR-808, the most influential early programmable drum machine, along with YMO member Ryuichi Sakamoto's solo album B-2 Unit (1980). YMO was the first band to use the device, featuring it on stage in 1980. In addition to the TR-808, this was also their first studio album recorded with the Roland MC-4 Microcomposer music sequencer. The album, particularly its use of the TR-808, was influential on the development of electronic, hip hop and dance music.

Thousand Knives
Thousand Knives (also known as Thousand Knives of Ryuichi Sakamoto) is the debut solo album by Japanese musician Ryuichi Sakamoto. Released in 1978, it is a mostly electronic music album, foreshadowing his work with Yellow Magic Orchestra later that year.