hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chyże, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Chyże [ˈxɨʐɛ] (German: Kietz) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Bierzwnik, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Bierzwnik, 29 km (18 mi) east of Choszczno, and 89 km (55 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Bierzwnik
Gmina Bierzwnik is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Bierzwnik, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south-east of Choszczno and 84 km (52 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 238.92 square kilometres (92.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 has a population of 4,813.
Mutilated Coin Redemption Program
The Mutilated Coin Redemption Program was a program of the United States Mint that allowed holders of damaged United States coins to exchange them for usable money.

Clients could redeem large quantities (tons) of coins that are recovered from scrapping, vehicle recycling, and car shredding operations overseas.

The large volume and a growth of that volume suggested possible vulnerabilities in the program. Counterfeit mutilated coins could be redeemed for real money. A high percentage of undamaged coins suggested the possibility that the program could be misused for money laundering. Silver coins were absent (as required), and the percentages of pennies and nickels was low (suggesting local melting rather than redemption).

The Mint shut the program down for two years before resumption was announced on January 23, 2018. In September 2024 the Mint announced the end of the Mutilated Coin Redemption Program.

Scrap
Scrap consists of recyclable materials, usually metals, left over from product manufacturing and consumption, such as parts of vehicles, building supplies, and surplus materials. Unlike waste, scrap can have monetary value, especially recovered metals, and non-metallic materials are also recovered for recycling. Once collected, the materials are sorted into types – typically metal scrap will be crushed, shredded, and sorted using mechanical processes.

Metal recycling, especially of structural steel, ships, used manufactured goods, such as vehicles and white goods, is an industrial activity with complex networks of wrecking yards, sorting facilities, and recycling plants. The industry includes both formal organizations and a wide range of informal roles such as waste pickers who help sorting through scrap.
Buxton Crescent
Buxton Crescent is a Grade-I-listed building in the town of Buxton, Derbyshire, England. It owes much to the Royal Crescent in Bath, but has been described by the Royal Institution of British Architects as "more richly decorated and altogether more complex". It was designed by the architect John Carr of York, and built for the 5th Duke of Devonshire between 1780 and 1789. In 2020, following a multi-year restoration and redevelopment project supported by the National Heritage Memorial Fund and Derbyshire County Council, The Crescent was reopened as an 81-bedroom 5-star hotel, a spa, shops, and a visitor experience.

William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire
William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire, KG (14 December 1748 – 29 July 1811), was a British nobleman, aristocrat, and politician. He was the eldest son of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, by his wife, the heiress Lady Charlotte Boyle, suo jure Baroness Clifford, who brought in considerable money and estates to the Cavendish family. He was invited to join the Cabinet on three occasions, but declined each offer. He was Lord High Treasurer of Ireland and Governor of Cork, and Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire. In 1782, he was made a Knight of the Order of the Garter.

The 5th Duke is most widely known for his marriage to his first wife Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire. At the age of about twenty-one, Devonshire toured Italy with William Fitzherbert which is where they commissioned the pair of portraits by Pompeo Batoni.
Manjupoloru Penkutti
Manjupoloru Penkutti (transl. A girl like snow) is a 2004 Indian Malayalam-language thriller film directed by Kamal and written by Kalavoor Ravikumar. The plot is about a teenage girl who is physically abused numerous times by her stepfather. It stars Amrita Prakash, Lalu Alex, Suresh Krishna, Jayakrishnan, and Bhanupriya. Alphons Joseph composed the music. The film was shot in Kochi and Paris.

Lalu Alex
Lalu Alex is an Indian film actor who works predominately in Malayalam films. In a career spanning four decades, he has acted in over 250 films and is known for his comic, antagonistic and character roles.

Lalu started his acting career as a supporting actor in the film Ee Ganam Marakkumo in 1978 and associated with notable films in his earlier career including Idi Muzhakkam, Nayattu (directed by Sreekumaran Thampi), Meen, Thushaaram and Thrishna. He has also acted in three Tamil movies.
Alewife Brook Parkway
Alewife Brook Parkway is a short parkway in Cambridge and Somerville, Massachusetts. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It begins at Fresh Pond in Cambridge (linking to Fresh Pond Parkway via Concord Avenue), and heads north on the east bank of Alewife Brook, crossing into West Somerville and ending at the Mystic River on the Medford town line, where it becomes Mystic Valley Parkway. The entire length of Alewife Brook Parkway is designated as part of Massachusetts Route 16 (Route 16), while the southernmost sections are also designated as part of Route 2 and U.S. Route 3 (US 3). It is managed by the Department of Conservation and Recreation with the Massachusetts Department of Transportation responsible for bridge maintenance.

Somerville, Massachusetts
Somerville (/ˈsʌmərvɪl/ SUM-ər-vil) is a city located directly to the northwest of Boston, and north of Cambridge, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a total population of 81,045 people. With an area of 4.12 square miles (10.7 km2), the city has a density of 19,671/sq mi (7,595/km2), making it the most densely populated municipality in New England and the 19th most densely populated incorporated municipality in the country. Somerville was established as a town in 1842, when it was separated from Charlestown. In 2006, the city was named the best-run city in Massachusetts by The Boston Globe. In 1972, 2009, and 2015, the city received the All-America City Award. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus along the Somerville and Medford border.
John Dough and the Cherub
John Dough and the Cherub is a children's fantasy novel, written by American author L. Frank Baum, about a living gingerbread man and his adventures. It was illustrated by John R. Neill and published in 1906 by the Reilly & Britton Company. The story was serialized in the Washington Sunday Star and other newspapers from October to December 1906. Like the Oz books but unlike many of the author's other works, John Dough was issued under Baum's name rather than one of his pseudonyms. The book was popular; as late as 1919 it was selling 1500 copies a year. The 1974 Dover Publications edition features an introduction by Martin Gardner.

Reilly & Britton
The Reilly and Britton Company, known after 1918 as Reilly & Lee, was an American publishing company of the early and middle 20th century, best known for children's and popular culture books from authors like L. Frank Baum and Edgar A. Guest. Founded in 1904 by two former employees of George M. Hill's publishing company, Frank Kennicott Reilly and Charles Sumner Britton. Reilly continued to lead the company until his death in 1932. Britton left the firm around 1916 to start a new company in New York, and for a time the company was guided by William F. Lee, who died in 1924.
Casualty series 33
The thirty-third series of the British medical drama television series Casualty commenced airing in the United Kingdom on BBC One on 11 August 2018, one week after the end of the previous series and finished on 10 August 2019. The series consisted of 46 episodes. Lucy Raffety continued her role as series producer, while Simon Harper continued his role as the show's executive producer.

Sixteen regular cast members reprised their roles from the previous series. The series, which was billed as "The Year of the Paramedic", begins with a motorway collision stunt sequence, and features a crossover episode with spin-off series, Holby City. This series featured the departures of six cast members, including Amanda Mealing as Connie Beauchamp, Azuka Oforka as Louise Tyler and Chelsea Halfpenny as Alicia Munroe. Four new regular cast members also joined the series, while two actors began appearing in a recurring capacity.

Charlotte Salt
Charlotte Salt (born 12 August 1985) is an English actress best known for performances in British and US television series such as Casualty, Bedlam and The Musketeers, also in many films, including Beneath Still Waters in 2005, Beowulf in 2007, and Blood and Glory in 2016.
Elizabeth Bay House
Elizabeth Bay House is a heritage-listed Australian Colonial Regency style house and grotto in the inner Sydney suburb  of Elizabeth Bay, New South Wales. The property at 7 Onslow Avenue is owned by Museums of History NSW, funded by the Government of New South Wales. The design of the house and grotto are attributed to John Verge and John Bibb. It was constructed between 1832 and 1839 by James Hume, with the assistance of convict and free artisans. The property also features a carriage drive off Onslow Avenue that was designed by Edward Deas Thomson and was originally surrounded by a 22-hectare (54-acre) garden.

Elizabeth Bay House is a superb example of Australian colonial architecture, best known for its central elliptical saloon with domed lantern and geometric staircase, and was listed on the (now defunct) Register of the National Estate. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Elizabeth Bay, New South Wales
Elizabeth Bay is a harbourside inner city suburb in the Eastern suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Elizabeth Bay is located three kilometres east of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney.

The suburb of Elizabeth Bay takes its name from the bay on Sydney Harbour. Macleay Point separates Elizabeth Bay from Rushcutters Bay. The suburb of Elizabeth Bay is surrounded by the suburbs of Rushcutters Bay and Potts Point. Kings Cross is a locality on the south-western border and Garden Island is a locality, to the north.

The suburb is also the most densely populated suburb in Australia.
Reactimeter
A reactimeter is a diagnostic device used in nuclear power plants (and other nuclear applications) for measuring the reactivity of the nuclear chain reaction (in inhours) of fissile materials as they approach criticality.

InHour
InHour is a unit of reactivity of a nuclear reactor.  It stands for the inverse of an hour.  It is equal to the inverse of the period in hours.  One InHour is the amount of reactivity needed to increase the reaction from critical to where the power will increase by a factor of e in one hour.

The unit is abbreviated  ih or inhr, and is usually measured with a reactimeter.
Siege of Sirhind
The siege of Sirhind was fought between the Mughal Empire and Sikh forces in 1710. The Sikhs besieged, stormed, captured, plundered and razed the city of Sirhind after defeating and beheading Wazir Khan in the Battle of Chappar Chiri.

Lohgarh
Lohgarh is a city in the Bilaspur tehsil in the state of Haryana in India. It was the capital of the First Sikh State under Banda Singh Bahadur from 1710 to 1716. It contains several prominent sites such as the Lohgarh Sahib Gurdwara, the Lohgarh Fort and the Banda Singh Bahadur Statue.

The city of Lohgarh is currently under development by the Haryana government to make it a tourist spot, especially for Sikh pilgrims.
Rodolfo Rombaldoni
Rodolfo Rombaldoni (born 15 December 1976) is an Italian basketball player from Sant'Elpidio a Mare, who won the silver medal with the Italian men's national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

Italy men's national basketball team
The Italy men's national basketball team (Italian: Nazionale di pallacanestro dell'Italia) represents Italy in international basketball tournaments. They are administered by the Italian Basketball Federation (FIP).

Italy has qualified for 39 EuroBasket tournaments, winning two gold medals (1983, 1999), four silver medals (1937, 1946, 1991, 1997), and four bronze medals (1971, 1975, 1985, 2003) as achievements. While Italy has made ten trips to the World Cup, the closest they have come to winning a medal was in 1970 and 1978, where they finished fourth. In 13 attempts at the Summer Olympics, Italy has earned two silver medals, in 1980 and 2004.

Currently, Italy is ranked 14th in the FIBA World Ranking.
Adiban Institute of Higher Education
Adiban Institute of Higher Education (Persian: موسسه آموزش عالی ادیبان) is a private institute of higher education located in Garmsar, Iran. The university was established in 2006. It offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in engineering (electrical engineering, computer engineering, and mechanical engineering) and mathematics.

Garmsar
Garmsar (Persian: گرمسار, romanized: Garmsār) is a city in the Central District of Garmsar County, Semnan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Garmsar is about 95 kilometres (59 mi) southeast of Tehran. It lies on the edge of Dasht-e Kavir, Iran's largest desert. Many people in the city commute to Tehran due to its proximity. Ghasre Bahram, The Stone Way, Stonvand Castle, the Sar Darre Mountains, and Kavir Desert National Park are tourist attractions located in the area.
Sharkovskii's theorem
In mathematics, Sharkovskii's theorem (also spelled Sharkovsky, Sharkovskiy, Šarkovskii or Sarkovskii), named after Oleksandr Mykolayovych Sharkovsky, who published it in 1964, is a result about discrete dynamical systems. One of the implications of the theorem is that if a discrete dynamical system on the real line has a periodic point of period 3, then it must have periodic points of every other period.

Periodic point
In mathematics, in the study of iterated functions and dynamical systems, a periodic point of a function is a point which the system returns to after a certain number of function iterations or a certain amount of time.
Vencie Glenn
Vencie Leonard Glenn (born October 26, 1964) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the New England Patriots in the second round of the 1986 NFL draft. He played college football for the Indiana State Sycamores. He was a two-year starter at Kennedy High in Silver Spring, Maryland.

John F. Kennedy High School (Maryland)
John F. Kennedy High School is a public high school located in Glenmont, Maryland, United States. It is part of the Montgomery County Public Schools system.

Kennedy is a member of the Downcounty Consortium along with nearby Montgomery Blair, Wheaton, Albert Einstein, and Northwood High Schools. Kennedy's feeder schools are Argyle Middle School, Eastern Middle School, A. Mario Loiederman Middle School, Newport Mill Middle School, Parkland Middle School, Sligo Middle School, Odessa Shannon Middle School, Silver Spring International Middle School, and Takoma Park Middle School. Students from any of those high schools' base areas can apply to attend Kennedy through a lottery process, after students from Kennedy's own base middle schools—Odessa Shannon and Argyle—are offered spots.

The school mascot is the Cavalier.
George Frederick Leycester Marshall
Major-General George Frederick Leycester Marshall CIE (27 March 1843 Bridgnorth, Salop – 7 March 1934) was the son of William Marshall (a clergyman) and his wife Louisa Sophia, also brother of C. H. T. Marshall and uncle of Guy Anstruther Knox Marshall. He became a colonel in the Indian Army and was a naturalist interested in the birds and butterflies of India. Marshall described several new species of butterflies, along with Lionel de Nicéville, and discovered the white-tailed iora, sometimes referred to as Marshall's iIora. He wrote The butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon.

Marshall retired from the Royal (late Bengal) Engineers in November 1897. Marshall married Elizabeth Huntley Muir (1851, Agra - 1913) at Allahabad in 1874. One son George Leycester Knox (born 1875) died young at Simla on 20 July 1883. Marshall was made CIE in the 1893 New Year Honours.

1893 New Year Honours
The 1893 New Year Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 2 January 1893.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.
A Young Doctor's Notebook (TV series)
A Young Doctor's Notebook is a British dark comedy television programme based on the semi-autobiographical short stories of the same name by Mikhail Bulgakov. The 1925–1926 short stories were inspired by Bulgakov's experiences as a newly graduated young doctor in 1916–18. Jon Hamm and Daniel Radcliffe portray the show's main character (a doctor at the fictional Muryevo Hospital in Russia at different ages). The first series was broadcast between 6 December and 27 December 2012 on Sky Arts 1, and a second (and final) series aired from 21 November to 12 December 2013. The first series takes place in the year 1917 during the Russian Revolution, and the second series takes place in the following year during the Russian Civil War.

Vicki Pepperdine
Vicki Pepperdine (born 24 July 1961) is an English comedy actress and writer. She was nominated for two BAFTA TV Awards for co-writing the BBC sitcom Getting On (2009–12), and was also nominated for a British Comedy Award for her portrayal of Pippa Moore in the series.
Paulding County Courthouse (Georgia)
The Old Paulding County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in the courthouse square of Dallas, Georgia, county seat of Paulding County, Georgia. It was built in 1892 and has been renovated several times since. An annex was added. The original building was designed by Bruce & Morgan and is Queen Anne in style. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1980.

Bruce & Morgan
Bruce & Morgan was an American architectural firm based in Atlanta. It was established in 1882 as the partnership of architects Alexander Campbell Bruce (1835-1927) and Thomas Henry Morgan (1857-1940).
Dominique Potier
Dominique Potier (born 17 March 1954) is a French Socialist politician who has represented Meurthe-et-Moselle's 5th constituency in the National Assembly of France since 2012.

Potier was re-elected in the 2022 French legislative election.

2012 French legislative election
Legislative elections were held in France on 10 and 17 June 2012 (and on other dates for small numbers of voters outside metropolitan France) to select the members of the 14th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic, a little over a month after the presidential election run-off held on 6 May.

All 577 single member seats in the assembly, including those representing overseas departments and territories and French residents overseas, were contested using a two-round system.
Narendra Kumar (mountaineer)
Colonel Narendra Kumar, PVSM, KC, AVSM, FRGS (8 December 1933 – 31 December 2020) was an Indian soldier and mountaineer. He is known for his expeditions across various mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and Karakorams, and respective subranges such as the Pir Panjals and Saltoro Mountains. His reconnaissance efforts on the Siachen glacier were key to the Indian Army's reclamation of the forward posts of the glacier in Operation Meghdoot in 1984. He was the deputy leader of the first successful Indian Mount Everest expedition in 1965.

He was a recipient of multiple military and civilian honours including the Param Vishisht Seva Medal, Kirti Chakra, and the Padma Shri.

Colonel (India)
Colonel is a rank in the Indian Army. Like other armies, this rank is higher than lieutenant colonel. It is equivalent to captain in the Indian Navy and group captain in the Indian Air Force.

The Indian Army has followed the British Army rank system since India's independence from the British Empire in 1947. However, the St Edward's Crown in the rank insignia was replaced with the National Emblem of India, symbolising the sovereignty of the Government of India.
War Eagle, Arkansas
War Eagle is an unincorporated community in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. It is the location of (or is the nearest community to) War Eagle Bridge, which carries CR 98 over War Eagle Creek and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Variant names were "Blackburn Mill", "Wareagle", and "War Eagle Mills". The community takes its name from War Eagle Mill, a local gristmill on War Eagle Creek. A post office called War Eagle Mills was established in 1876, the name was changed to Wareagle in 1894, and the post office closed in 1967.

War Eagle Mill
War Eagle Mill is a working gristmill in Benton County, Arkansas.  A mill has been located on the site as early as 1832, but was destroyed three times, and last rebuilt in 1973. The mill currently operates as an undershot gristmill, and houses a store and restaurant.  The mill is located approximately 10 miles (16 kilometers) east of the city of Rogers in War Eagle, Arkansas.
George M!
George M! is a Broadway musical based on the life of George M. Cohan, the biggest Broadway star of his day who was known as "The Man Who Owned Broadway."  The book for the musical was written by Michael Stewart, John Pascal, and Francine Pascal. Music and lyrics were by George M. Cohan himself, with revisions for the musical by Cohan's daughter, Mary Cohan.

The story covers the period from the late 1880s until 1937 and focuses on Cohan's life and show business career from his early days in vaudeville with his parents and sister to his later success as a Broadway singer, dancer, composer, lyricist, theatre director and producer.  The show includes such Cohan hit songs as "Give My Regards To Broadway", "You're a Grand Old Flag", and "Yankee Doodle Dandy."

Mary Cohan
Mary Cohan (1909–1983), also known as Mary Cohan Ronkin, was an American Broadway composer and lyricist, and the middle daughter of vaudeville and Broadway entertainer George M. Cohan.

Following a brief career as a cabaret singer, Mary Cohan established herself as a Broadway talent in 1930, when she composed a score for her father's non-musical play The Tavern.

Working with writers John Pascal, Francine Pascal, and Michael Stewart, Mary Cohan supervised the musical and lyrical revisions of her father's songs for the hit 1968 Broadway musical, George M!.
O'Farrill
O'Farrill is a Hispanic surname derived from the Old Irish patronym Ó Fearghail. Notable people with the surname include:

Arturo O'Farrill (born 1960), Mexican musician based in New York, son of Chico

Chico O'Farrill (1921–2001), Cuban musician

Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera (1754–1831), Spanish soldier and politician

Rómulo O'Farrill (1917–2006), Mexican businessman

Yordan O'Farrill (born 1993), Cuban sprinter

Ó Fearghail
The Ó Fearghail are an Irish family of County Longford. The patronym means "descendant of Fearghail", whose name means "man of valour". Fearghail was a great-grandson of Angaile, who was a 10th-century King of Fortúatha. Angaile conquered Annaly, and he is the namesake of Annaly. His Ó Fearghail descendants were the Princes of Annaly for 6 centuries. The Ó Fearghail produced 7 Bishops of Ardagh. The name became Farrell, and Kevin Farrell became Cardinal Bishop of Dallas, Texas.