hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiangzhou, Xiangyang
Xiangzhou District (simplified Chinese: 襄州区; traditional Chinese: 襄州區; pinyin: Xiāngzhōu Qū) is a district of the city of Xiangyang, Hubei, People's Republic of China. The district itself was formerly known as Xiangyang (襄阳区). It was a city famous for the siege of Xiangyang (1267–1273) by invading forces of the Mongol-founded Yuan Dynasty. It was also an important city during the period of the Three Kingdoms, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms it was said that it was nearby Xiangyang that Zhuge Liang received his three visits from Liu Bei. Xiangyang was also where Sun Jian fought Liu Biao in 191 AD during the Three Kingdoms. Today, Xiangzhou has been incorporated with nearby Fancheng to form the prefecture-level city of Xiangyang, part of Hubei province.

Xiangyang
Xiangyang is the second-largest prefecture-level city by population in northwestern Hubei province, China. It was known as Xiangfan from 1950 to 2010. The Han River runs through Xiangyang's centre and divides the city north–south. The city itself is an agglomeration of two once separate cities: Fancheng and Xiangyang (or Xiangcheng), and was known as Xiangfan before 2010. What remains of old Xiangyang is located south of the Han River and contains one of the oldest still-intact city walls in China, while Fancheng is located to the north of the Han River. Both cities served prominent historical roles in both ancient and pre-modern Chinese history. Today, the city has been a target of government and private investment as the country seeks to urbanize and develop the interior provinces. Its built-up area made up of 3 urban districts had 2,319,640 inhabitants at the 2020 census while the whole municipality contained approximately 5,260,951 people.
Bryce Larkin
Bryce Larkin is a spy on the comedy series Chuck on NBC. Bryce is the ex-college roommate and fraternity brother of the series' main character, Chuck Bartowski, and was formerly partnered and once romantically involved with Chuck's CIA handler Sarah Walker. Bryce was responsible for sending Chuck the Intersect, beginning the events of the series. He is portrayed by Matt Bomer.

Fulcrum (Chuck)
Fulcrum is the codename of a hostile fictional espionage organization in the television series Chuck. Fulcrum serves as the primary antagonist throughout the show's first two seasons, although their specific goals, beyond acquiring the Intersect, remain undisclosed.
Archbishop Alter High School
Archbishop Alter High School, also known as Alter High School, is a Catholic high school in Kettering, Ohio, United States. It is operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati and is named after Archbishop Karl Joseph Alter.

Archdiocese of Cincinnati
The Archdiocese of Cincinnati (Latin: Archidiœcesis Cincinnatensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the State of Ohio. The archbishop is Robert Casey. The mother church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Peter in Chains in Cincinnati.
Project Babylon
Project Babylon was a space gun project commissioned by then Iraqi president Saddam Hussein. It involved building a series of "superguns". The design was based on research from the 1960s Project HARP led by the Canadian artillery expert Gerald Bull. There were most likely four different devices in the program.

The project began in 1988; it was halted in 1990 after Bull was assassinated, allegedly by Israel, and part of the superguns were seized in transit around Europe. The components that remained in Iraq were destroyed by the United Nations following the 1991 Gulf War.

Mossad
The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (Hebrew: המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, romanized: ha-Mosád le-Modiʿín u-le-Tafkidím Meyuḥadím), popularly known as Mossad (UK: /ˈmɒsæd/ MOSS-ad, US: /moʊˈsɑːd/ moh-SAHD), is the national intelligence agency of the State of Israel. It is one of the main entities in the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with Aman (military intelligence) and Shin Bet (internal security).

Mossad is responsible for intelligence collection, covert operations, and counter-terrorism. Its director answers directly and only to the prime minister. Its annual budget is estimated to be around ₪10 billion (US$2.73 billion), and it is estimated that it employs around 7,000 people, making it one of the world's largest espionage agencies. The organization has orchestrated many assassination plots across a variety of locations.
Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).

Plaza Colón
Plaza Colón is the main plaza in the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. This plaza and its fountain commemorate the explorer Christopher Columbus, whose name in Spanish was Cristóbal Colón.  The plaza presents the traditional urban relationship in Puerto Rico with the church, now Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria Cathedral on one end of the plaza and the "Alcaldia" or Mayagüez town hall in the other.  Its location was designated in 1760 close to the city founding.

The plaza is paved in marble is graced by a group of lampposts in bronze that date over more than one hundred years.  Each lamp is held by an oriental odalisque, including characteristic clothes, turbans, and veils. The plaza was designed after the Great Fire of 1841, approximately in 1842; years later, after being paved the plaza had a fountain in the center.  The plaza has been remodeled several times including when Benjamin Cole was mayor and under the current mayor José Guillermo Rodríguez.
Friends of Soviet Russia
The Friends of Soviet Russia (FSR) was formally established in the United States on August 9, 1921 as an offshoot of the American Labor Alliance for Trade Relations with Soviet Russia (ALA). It was launched as a "mass organization" dedicated to raising funds for the relief of the extreme famine that swept Soviet Russia in 1921, both in terms of food and clothing for immediate amelioration of the crisis and agricultural tools and equipment for the reconstruction of Soviet agriculture.

From 1927 the organization was known as the Friends of the Soviet Union (FSU) and was the American national affiliate of a new international authority known as the International Association of Friends of the Soviet Union.

Workers International Relief
The Workers International Relief (WIR) — also known as Internationale Arbeiter-Hilfe (IAH) in German and as Международная рабочая помощь (Mezhdunarodny Rabochy Komitet Pomoshchi Golodayushchim Rossii − Mezhrabpom) in Russian — was an adjunct of the Communist International initially formed to channel relief from international working class organizations and communist parties to famine-stricken Soviet Russia. The organization, based in Berlin, later produced films and coordinated propaganda efforts on behalf of the USSR.
Spanish and Portuguese Jews
Spanish and Portuguese Jews, also called Western Sephardim, Iberian Jews, or Peninsular Jews, are a distinctive sub-group of Sephardic Jews who are largely descended from Jews who lived as New Christians in the Iberian Peninsula during the few centuries following the forced expulsion of unconverted Jews from Spain in 1492 and from Portugal in 1497. They should therefore be distinguished both from the descendants of those expelled in 1492 and from the present-day Jewish communities of Spain and Portugal.

The main present-day communities of Spanish and Portuguese Jews exist in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada, and several other Jewish communities in the Americas have Spanish and Portuguese Jewish roots though they no longer follow the distinctive customs of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews.

Congregation Shearith Israel
The Congregation Shearith Israel (Hebrew: קהילת שארית ישראל, romanized: Kehilat She'arit Yisra'el, lit. 'Congregation Remnant of Israel'), often called The Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue located at 2 West 70th Street, at Central Park West, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States.

Established in 1654 in New Amsterdam by Jews who arrived from Dutch Brazil, it is the oldest Jewish congregation in the United States. Until 1825, when Jewish immigrants from Germany established a congregation, it was the only Jewish congregation in New York City.

The Orthodox congregation follows the Sephardic rite, and has occupied its current Neoclassical building since 1897.
Harestua
Harestua is a town in Lunner kommune, Akershus county, Norway. It has 2,318 inhabitants. Harestua is located 46 kilometeres north of Oslo, and functions as a commuter town to the capital. It is served by Harestua Station on the Gjøvik Line.

Harestua maintains 6 neighbourhoods; Gamlefeltet, Nyfeltet, Vestbygda, Bjørgeseter, Haneknemoen, Haganskogen and Stryken. Harestua has a small town centre with services such as a petrol station, grocery stores and fast food outlets.

Lunner
Lunner is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Hadeland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Roa. Lunner was established when it was separated from Jevnaker Municipality on 1 January 1898. From 1 January 2020 the municipality belonged to Viken county and afterwards it was handed over to its successor Akershus. It was in Oppland before that.
John Christ
John Christ (born John Wolfgang Knoll on February 19, 1965) is an American musician best known as the original guitarist for the metal band Danzig. He has been known for his bluesy hard rock sound and frequent use of the pinch harmonic. Christ was ranked 63rd in Guitar World's list of 'The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists'.

Danzig II: Lucifuge
Danzig II: Lucifuge is the second studio album by American heavy metal band Danzig. It was released in 1990 on Def American Recordings and was reissued in the US and UK in 1998 by Def American's successor, American Recordings.
Bertha Mkhize
Bertha Mkhize (6 June 1889 – 3 October 1981) was a South African teacher, who gained legal emancipation as a feme sole operating a business in her own right. As the government began implementing Apartheid in the late 1940s and early 1950s, she joined labor unions and women's organizations, leading demonstrations against the policies of the government. She was arrested twice for these activities and charged in the second incident with treason, but found not guilty of the allegations. When she was forced to give up her business, she became a pioneer in the Baháʼí Faith, embracing its doctrine of equality for all people. She worked to establish twenty-eight Baháʼí communities in KwaZulu-Natal.

Baháʼí Faith in South Africa
The Baháʼí Faith in South Africa began with the holding of Baháʼí meetings in the country in 1911. A small population of Baháʼís remained until 1950 when large numbers of international Baháʼí pioneers settled in South Africa. In 1956, after members of various tribes in South Africa became Baháʼís, a regional Baháʼí Assembly which included South Africa was elected. Later each of the constituent countries successively formed their own independent Baháʼí National Spiritual Assembly. Then in 1995, after a prolonged period of growth and oppression during Apartheid and the homelands reuniting with South Africa, the Baháʼí National Spiritual Assembly of South Africa was formed. In 2005 Baháʼís were estimated at 240,100 adherents.
Novosibirsk Oblast
Novosibirsk Oblast (Russian: Новосиби́рская о́бласть, romanized: Novosibirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southwestern Siberia. Its administrative and economic center is the city of Novosibirsk, the third-largest city in the country. As of the 2021 Census, Novosibirsk Oblast had a population of 2,797,176 with the majority, 1.63 million, lives in Novosibirsk.

Tomsk Oblast
Tomsk Oblast (Russian: То́мская о́бласть, romanized: Tomskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It lies in the southeastern West Siberian Plain, in the southwest of the Siberian Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Tomsk. Population: 1,047,394 (2010 Census).

The development of the territory which now constitutes the oblast began in the early 17th century. Tomsk itself was founded in 1604. Some of the oblast's 316,900 square kilometers (122,400 sq mi) territory is inaccessible because it is covered with taiga woods and swamps. Tomsk oblast contains Vasyugan Swamp, the biggest swamp in the northern hemisphere. The oblast borders with Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tyumen, Omsk, Novosibirsk, and Kemerovo Oblasts.
M39 series 5-ton 6×6 truck
The M39 series 5-ton 6×6 truck (G744) was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces between 1951 and 1969. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) long load over all terrain in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled.

The M39 series was the primary heavy truck of the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine forces during the Vietnam War, and was also used by the U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, and ARVN forces.

The M39 series began to be replaced by the M809 series in 1970, followed by the M939 series in 1982, but continues to serve in other nations' armed forces around the world.

Mack Trucks
Mack Trucks, Inc. is an American truck manufacturing company and a former manufacturer of buses and trolley buses. Founded in 1900 as the Mack Brothers Company, it manufactured its first truck in 1905 and adopted its present name in 1922. Since 2000, Mack Trucks has been a subsidiary of Volvo, which purchased Mack and its former parent company Renault Véhicules Industriels.

Founded originally in Brooklyn in 1900, the company moved its headquarters to Allentown, Pennsylvania, five years later, in 1905. The company remained in Allentown for over a century, from 1905 until 2009.

Mack products are produced in Lower Macungie, Pennsylvania, and Salem, Virginia. Its powertrain products are produced in its Hagerstown, Maryland, plant. Mack also maintains additional assembly plants in facilities in Pennsylvania, Australia, and Venezuela. The company also once maintained plants in Winnsboro, South Carolina, Hayward, California, and Oakville, Ontario, which are now closed.
James Dickey
James Lafayette Dickey (February 2, 1923  – January 19, 1997) was an American poet, novelist, critic, and lecturer. He was appointed the 18th United States Poet Laureate in 1966. His other accolades included the National Book Award for Poetry and a Guggenheim Fellowship.

Although acclaimed as a poet, Dickey is most widely known for his debut novel Deliverance (1970), which he adapted into the acclaimed 1972 film of the same name. He was previously a decorated veteran of the Second World War and the Korean War, as a pilot in the United States Air Force’s 418th Night Fighter Squadron.

United States Poet Laureate
The poet laureate consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress, commonly referred to as the United States poet laureate, serves as the official poet of the United States. During their term, the poet laureate seeks to raise the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry. The position was modeled on the poet laureate of the United Kingdom. Begun in 1937, and formerly known as the consultant in poetry to the Library of Congress, the present title was devised and authorized by an Act of Congress in 1985. Appointed by the librarian of Congress, the poet laureate's office is administered by the Center for the Book. For children's poets, the Poetry Foundation awards the Young People's Poet Laureate.

The incumbent poet laureate (since 2025) is Arthur Sze. He is the first Asian American United States poet laureate.
Palm OS
Palm OS (later versions of which were also known as Garnet OS) is a discontinued mobile operating system initially developed by Palm, Inc., for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. Palm OS was designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface. It was provided with a suite of basic applications for personal information management. Later versions of the OS were extended to support smartphones. The software appeared on the company's line of Palm devices while several other licensees have manufactured devices powered by Palm OS.

Following Palm's purchase of the Palm trademark, the operating system was renamed Garnet OS. In 2007, ACCESS introduced the successor to Garnet OS, called Access Linux Platform; additionally, in 2009, the main licensee of Palm OS, Palm, Inc., switched from Palm OS to webOS for their forthcoming devices.

Access Systems Americas
ACCESS Systems Americas, Inc. (formerly PalmSource) is a subsidiary of ACCESS which develops the Palm OS PDA operating system and its successor, the Access Linux Platform, as well as BeOS. PalmSource was spun off from Palm Computing, Inc.

Palm OS runs on 38 million devices that have been sold since 1996 from hardware manufacturers including Palm, Inc., Samsung, IBM, Aceeca, AlphaSmart, Fossil, Inc., Garmin, Group Sense PDA (Xplore), Kyocera, PiTech, Sony, and Symbol. PalmSource also develops several programs for the Palm OS, and as of December 2005, PalmGear claims to offer 28,769 software titles of varying genres. Palm OS software programs can also be downloaded from CNET, PalmSource, Handango, and Tucows.

PalmSource also owns BeOS, which it purchased from Be Inc. in August 2001.
Dark spiny tree-rat
The dark spiny tree-rat (Echimys saturnus) is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is a rarely encountered and nocturnal species, found in eastern Ecuador and central Peru.

Compared to Echimys chrysurus, the main diagnostic character state of this Echimys species is the mostly black dorsal part of the head and body. In addition, E. saturnus can be distinguished from Echimys vieirai by possessing a venter spotted with white while it is uniformly grayish brown in the latter species.

Echimys vieirai
Echimys vieirai is a spiny rat species from South America, described in 2005. It is found in Brazil.

The species name vieirai is a patronym for the Brazilian mammalogist Carlos Octaviano da Cunha Vieira, curator of the Mammal Collection at the Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo (MZUSP), from the early 1940s to 1958.

The main diagnostic trait of this Echimys species is the presence of a dorsal median dark maroon stripe on the head. As compared to Echimys chrysurus, E. vieirai also possesses a darker dorsum.
In addition, E. vieirai can be distinguished from Echimys saturnus by its head clearly darker than the dorsum and a uniformly grayish brown venter, while the dorsal parts of head and body are mostly black and the venter spotted with white in the latter species.
Holmestrand–Vittingfoss Line
The Holmestrand–Hvittingfoss Line (Norwegian: Holmestrand–Hvittingfossbanen) or HVB is an abandoned railway between Holmestrand to Hvittingfoss in Norway. It consisted of two sections: a 13.4-kilometer (8.3 mi) line from Holmestrand to Hillestad and a 10.4-kilometer (6.5 mi) section from Hof to Hvittingfoss. The two parts were connected by a 6 kilometers (4 mi) section of the Tønsberg–Eidsfoss Line. At Holmestrand Station, the line connected to the Vestfold Line of the Norwegian State Railways. HVB was opened on 30 September 1902 and closed on 1 June 1938. The main purpose of the line was the transport of wood pulp at Hvittingfoss, although it was also used for passenger transport until 1931.

Holmestrand
Holmestrandⓘ is a town in Holmestrand Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The town is the administrative centre of the municipality. It is located along the shore of the Ytre Oslofjord, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest of the town of Horten and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the village of Sande i Vestfold. The large town of Drammen lies about 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the north.

The 4.52-square-kilometre (1,120-acre) town has a population (2024) of 8,258 and a population density of 1,826 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,730/sq mi).
Woolf & Freedman Film Service
Woolf & Freedman Film Service was a UK film distributor which was founded by film producer C. M. Woolf, and which operated from 1919 to 1934. The company distributed more than 140 films over a 15-year period. In 1935, Woolf formed a new company, General Film Distributors.

Some of Alfred Hitchcock's early silent films were produced by Gainsborough Pictures and distributed by Woolf & Freedman.

General Film Distributors
General Film Distributors (GFD), later known as J. Arthur Rank Film Distributors and Rank Film Distributors Ltd., was a British film distribution company based in London. It was active between 1935 and 1996, and from 1937 it was part of the Rank Organisation.
Demoiselle Creek, New Brunswick
Demoiselle Creek is a Canadian rural community in Albert County, New Brunswick.

Located in Hillsborough Parish (source Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine), the community derives its name from the creek that runs through it. With approximately 50 residents, the community is bordered by the communities of Curryville and Albert Mines. The cave known as the "Underground Lake" is also located in this community. The cave is 141 m long and 13.1 m deep.

Curryville, New Brunswick
Curryville is a Canadian community near the eastern edge of Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada. Situated along the Albert Mines Road and its intersections with Chemical Road and Grub Road, the village is bordered by Demoiselle Creek in the north and Cape Station in the south. Population is approximately 110 of 798 residents in Hopewell Parish. Prominent buildings include the former Curryville United Church and a former community hall, now a ceramic arts studio. Other features include various abandoned pits and quarries (gravel and sandstone) and remnants of the now dismantled Albert Railway (1877 to 1955).
Mount Tyndall (Tasmania)
Mount Tyndall is a mountain that is part of the Tyndall Range, a spur off the West Coast Range, located in the Western region of Tasmania, Australia.

The mountain was named in 1877 by James Reid Scott on the suggestion of Thomas Bather Moore in honour of Professor John Tyndall, a Fellow of the Geological Society who made important contributions in physics, atmospheric science and geology.

The area is at the northern end of a block of mountains that are north of Mount Sedgwick.

Located at the base of the mountain are a number of glacial lakes, most notably Lake Westwood and Lake Dora. The mountain lies southeast of the Henty Gold Mine, and Hydro Tasmania dam on the Henty River; and south of Lake Mackintosh, Lake Murchison and Tullah.

Lake Dora (Tasmania)
Lake Dora is a 48-hectare (120-acre) lake and also short-lived mining area of the late 1890s located in the West Coast Range of Western Tasmania, Australia.  It has a surface level of 756 metres (2,480 ft) AHD.