hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chickasaw Wars
The Chickasaw Wars were fought in the first half of the 18th century between the Chickasaw allied with the British against the French and their allies the Choctaws, Quapaw, and Illinois Confederation. The Province of Louisiana extended from Illinois to New Orleans, and the French fought to secure their communications along the Mississippi River. The Chickasaw, dwelling in northern Mississippi and western Tennessee, lay across the French path. Much to the eventual advantage of the British and the later United States, the Chickasaw successfully held their ground. The wars came to an end only with the French cession of New France to the British in 1763 according to terms of the Treaty of Paris.

Quapaw
The Quapaw (/ˈkwɔːpɔː/ KWAW-paw, Quapaw: Ogáxpa) or Arkansas, officially the Quapaw Nation, is a U.S. federally recognized tribe comprising about 6,000 citizens. Also known as the Ogáxpa or “Downstream” people, their ancestral homelands are traced from what is now the Ohio River, west to the Mississippi River to present-day St. Louis, south across present-day Arkansas and eastern and southern Oklahoma. The government forcibly removed them from Arkansas Territory in 1834. The tribal capital is Quapaw, Oklahoma.
Coonabarabran Shire
The Coonabarabran Shire was a local government area in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906 with the enactment of the Local Government (Shires) Act 1905 and was centred on the town of Coonabarabran, but also covered a wide area extending to smaller towns, such as Baradine and Binnaway. On 25 August 2004, the Shire voluntarily amalgamated with the adjoining Coolah Shire to form the Warrumbungle Shire.

Warrumbungle Shire
The Warrumbungle Shire is a local government area in the central western region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is traversed by the Newell Highway. The Warrumbungle mountain range and Warrumbungles National Park are major tourist attractions for the Shire. Its seat is located in Coonabarabran, a town in the southwest.

The mayor of Warrumbungle Shire Council is Cr. Kathryn Rindfleish, who is unaligned with any political party.

The Warrumbungle Shire local government area sits on Gamilaraay land to the north-east, Wiradjuri land to the south, and Weilwan land to the west.
Kebnekaise
Kebnekaise (Swedish pronunciation: [kɛbnɛˈkâjsɛ]; from Sami Giebmegáisi or Giebnegáisi, "Cauldron Crest") is the highest mountain in Sweden. The Kebnekaise massif, which is part of the Scandinavian mountain range, has two main peaks. The glaciated southern peak used to be the highest at 2,120 metres (6,960 ft) above sea level, but has shrunk by 24 meters during the last 50 years, making the northern icefree peak at 2,096.8 metres (6,879 ft) the highest. Kebnekaise lies in Swedish Lapland, about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of the Arctic Circle and west of Kiruna near the Kungsleden hiking trail between Abisko and Hemavan.

Tarfala Valley
Tarfala Valley (Swedish: Tarfaladalen or Tarfalavagge, Northern Sami: Darfalvággi) is a valley in Kiruna Municipality, Sweden. Several glaciers flow into the valley and glaciological research has been conducted since 1946 at the Tarfala scientific station.
Soft systems methodology
Soft systems methodology (SSM) is an organised way of thinking applicable to problematic social situations and in the management of change by using action. It was developed in England by academics at the Lancaster Systems Department on the basis of a ten-year action research programme.

Structured systems analysis and design method
Structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM) is a systems approach to the analysis and design of information systems. SSADM was produced for the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency, a UK government office concerned with the use of technology in government, from 1980 onwards.
Tora Gozen
Tora Gozen (虎御前) was a Japanese prostitute of the early Kamakura period. She was the concubine of Soga Sukenari, one of the perpetrators of the Revenge of the Soga Brothers incident. She became widely known as a character in numerous kabuki and jōruri Sogamono plays which are based on the incident. Additionally, she is also known as Ōiso no Tora, Otora-san and Torajo.

Soga Sukenari
Soga Sukenari (Japanese: 曾我祐成, 1172 - June 28, 1193) was a Japanese samurai in the early Kamakura period. He and his brother Soga Tokimune are known for being the perpetrators of the Revenge of the Soga Brothers incident. He is a central character in noh and kabuki Sogamono plays, which are based on the revenge. He is also known as Soga Jūrō.
Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac County (/ˈfɒndəlæk/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 104,154. Its county seat is Fond du Lac. The county was created in the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and later organized in 1844. Fond du Lac is French for "bottom of the lake", given so because of the county's location at the southern shore of Lake Winnebago. Fond du Lac County comprises the Fond du Lac, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Holyland region is in northeastern Fond du Lac County.

Ripon (town), Wisconsin
Ripon is a town in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,001 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Arcade Acres and Wilmoore Heights are located in the town.
Lavoriškės
Lavoriškės is a village in the Vilnius district municipality, Lithuania, it is located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of Vilnius city municipality, very close to the border with Belarus. According to the 2011 census, it had population of 621.

Vilnius District Municipality
Vilnius District Municipality (Lithuanian: Vilniaus rajono savivaldybė) is one of the 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It surrounds the capital city of Vilnius on three sides. The municipality is also bordered by Trakai district and Elektrėnai municipality in the west, Astravyets and Ashmyany districts of Belarus in the east, Širvintos, Molėtai and Švenčionys districts in the north and Šalčininkai district in the south.

The population of the district is one of the fastest growing in Lithuania because of the migration of Vilnius' inhabitants to the suburbs. It stood at 116,584 in January 2024, up from 84 thousand in the early 1990s, meaning an increase by more than a third in less than 30 years.
Carpinteria High School
Carpinteria High School is a high school located in Carpinteria, California. Located adjacent to the foothills on the edge of the Carpinteria Valley, it is the only public high school in Carpinteria and serves a student body of approximately 600 students in grades 9-12.

Tri-County Athletic Association
The Tri-County Athletic Association (TCAA) is a high school athletic conference in California affiliated with the CIF Southern Section. Established in 2006, the association is an amalgamation of the Tri-Valley League and the Frontier League. The TCAA uses a system of promotion and relegation to place each school's teams, by sport and gender, into either league for a two-year period based on performance. As of the 2018–19 school year, the association is composed primarily of private schools located in Santa Barbara and Ventura counties.

In 2018, five public-school members of the TCAA left to form the Citrus Coast League. Santa Clara High School, a private Catholic school, also joined that league for football only.
Plagiolophus millspaughii
Plagiolophus is a genus of Mexican plants in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

The only known species is  Plagiolophus millspaughii, native to the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico (States of Yucatán and Campeche).

Heliantheae
The Heliantheae (sometimes called the sunflower tribe) are the third-largest tribe in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). With some 190 genera and nearly 2500 recognized species, only the tribes Senecioneae and Astereae are larger. The name is derived from the genus Helianthus, which is Greek for sun flower. Most genera and species are found in North America (particularly in Mexico) and South America.  A few genera are pantropical.

Most Heliantheae are herbs or shrubs, but some grow to the size of small trees.  Leaves are usually hairy and arranged in opposite pairs. The anthers are usually blackened.

The above statements about the size and distribution of the tribe apply to a broad definition of Heliantheae, which was followed throughout the 20th century. Some recent authors break the tribe up into a dozen or so smaller tribes.
Australian Milking Zebu
The Australian Milking Zebu (AMZ) is a composite breed of dairy cattle, developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia during the mid-1950s.  To develop the breed, the CSIRO bred Sahiwal and Red Sindhi cattle from Pakistan with Jersey cattle. Some Illawarra, Guernsey and Friesian genetics were also included. The development of the breed was governed by strict selection for heat tolerance, milk production and cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) resistance to result in the modern AMZ breed.

AMZ cattle have the color, markings and general shape of Jersey cattle, but also show their Sahiwal and Red Sindhi ancestry with their loose skin.

Cows produce approximately 2,700 kg of milk per lactation.

Sahiwal cattle
The Sahiwal is a breed of zebuine cattle indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. It is named after Sahiwal District of the Punjab province of present-day Pakistan, and is distributed mainly in that province of Pakistan and in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan.
KMVX
KMVX (101.9 MHz, "Mix 101.9") is an American radio station licensed to Monroe, Louisiana, United States. The station, established in 1967, is currently owned by The Radio People and the broadcast license is held by Holladay Broadcasting of Louisiana, LLC.    Studios are located in Monroe, and its transmitter is located in rural Caldwell Parish, Louisiana.

KNOE-TV
KNOE-TV (channel 8) is a television station licensed to Monroe, Louisiana, United States, serving the Monroe, Louisiana–El Dorado, Arkansas market as an affiliate of CBS and ABC. It is owned by Gray Media alongside low-power station KCWL-LD (channel 40, also licensed to Monroe). KNOE-TV's studios are located on Oliver Road north of Louisville Avenue in Monroe, and its transmitter is located north of Columbia off Seay Road near LA 847.

The station also operates a low-power translator, K20OC-D in El Dorado, which rebroadcasts KNOE-TV's digital signal in high definition. Even though the translator broadcasts on UHF channel 20, it remaps to virtual channel 8.
Galway county football team
The Galway county football team (/ˈɡɔːlweɪ/ GAWL-way) represents Galway in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Galway GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Connacht Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Galway's home ground is Pearse Stadium, Salthill. The team's manager is Pádraic Joyce.

Galway was the first Connacht county to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC). It has nine All-Ireland SFCs, the third highest total after Kerry and Dublin. It won three consecutive All-Ireland SFCs in the mid-1960s and, from 1998 onwards, two All-Ireland SFC titles in four years. The team last won the Connacht Senior Championship in 2025, the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship in 2001 and the National League in 1981.

2001 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 2001 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 114th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 2001 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

Galway defeated Meath. Neither side contested a final again until Galway's semi-final victory over Derry in 2022.
Mohammadabad, Behshahr
Mohammadabad (Persian: محمد آباد) is a village in Panj Hezareh Rural District of the Central District in Behshahr County, Mazandaran province, Iran.

The local economy is primarily based on agriculture and animal husbandry. Major products include wheat, barley, millet, and various animal products.

Panj Hezareh Rural District
Panj Hezareh Rural District (Persian: دهستان پنج هزاره) is in the Central District of Behshahr County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital was the village of Alamdar Mahalleh, now a neighborhood in the city of Khalil Shahr.
United Launch Alliance
United Launch Alliance, LLC (ULA) is an American launch service provider formed in December 2006 as a joint venture between Lockheed Martin Space and Boeing Defense, Space & Security. The company designs, assembles, sells and launches rockets. The company uses rocket engines, solid rocket boosters, and other components supplied by other companies.

When founded, the company inherited the Atlas V rocket from Lockheed Martin and the Delta rocket family from Boeing. As of 2024, the Delta family has been retired and the Atlas V is in the process of being retired. ULA began development of the Vulcan Centaur in 2014 as replacement for both the Atlas and Delta rocket families. The Vulcan Centaur completed its maiden flight in January 2024.

The primary customers of ULA are the Department of Defense (DoD) and NASA, but it also serves commercial clients.

Graphite-Epoxy Motor
The Graphite-Epoxy Motor (GEM) is a family of solid rocket boosters developed in the late 1980s and first flown in 1990. The motors use casings made from carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer and a propellant consisting of ammonium perchlorate composite propellant, formulated with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as a binder, ammonium perchlorate as an oxidizer, and aluminum powder as a fuel.

Production of GEM motors has passed through several companies due to mergers and acquisitions. They were manufactured by Hercules from 1990 to 1995, Alliant Techsystems from 1995 to 2015, and Orbital ATK from 2015 to 2017, before being taken over by Northrop Grumman in 2017.

GEM boosters are currently used on the Atlas V and Vulcan Centaur launch vehicles operated by United Launch Alliance (ULA), as well as the Ground-Based Interceptor missile, and were previously flown on the Delta II, Delta III, and Delta IV. The motor names include numerals that denote the diameter of the booster in inches.
Amalgamated Machine, Engine and Iron Grinders' and Glazers' Society
The Amalgamated Machine, Engine and Iron Grinders' and Glazers' Society was a small but long-lasting trade union representing machine workers in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

The union was founded in 1844, but grew only very slowly; by 1897, it had 514 members in eight branches.  It affiliated to the General Federation of Trade Unions, within which its secretary, William Saxon, became prominent.

By 1956, membership had slumped to only 150, so in September, the union merged into the Amalgamated Engineering Union.

Amalgamated Engineering Union
The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) was a major British trade union. It merged with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union to form the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union in 1992.
Edmund Ludlow
Edmund Ludlow (c. 1617–1692) was an English parliamentarian, best known for his involvement in the execution of Charles I, and for his Memoirs, which were published posthumously in a rewritten form and which have become a major source for historians of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Ludlow was elected a Member of the Long Parliament and served in the Parliamentary armies during the English Civil Wars. After the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1649 he was made second-in-command of Parliament's forces in Ireland, before breaking with Oliver Cromwell over the establishment of the Protectorate. After the Restoration Ludlow went into exile in Switzerland, where he spent much of the rest of his life. Ludlow himself spelt his name Ludlowe.

Charles Firth (historian)
Sir Charles Harding Firth FBA (16 March 1857 – 19 February 1936) was a British historian. He was one of the founders of the Historical Association in 1906. Esmond de Beer wrote that Firth "knew the men and women of the seventeenth century much as a  man knows his friends and acquaintances, not only as characters but also in the whole moral and intellectual world in which they lived."
Columbia High School (Mississippi)
Columbia High School is a 4A High School located in Columbia, Mississippi, United States. The principal is L.V. McNeal. It is in Columbia School District. It is a Mississippi Landmark.

The architecture of the building is an example of European-inspired modernism, and was featured in the French architectural journal l'architecture d'aujourd'hui. It was built in 1937 as a Works Progress Administration project.

In the 2021–2022 school year, the student body was 49.89 percent White and 45.37 percent African American.

Columbia, Mississippi
Columbia is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Mississippi, United States. Formed six years before Mississippi was admitted to statehood, Columbia was named for Columbia, South Carolina, from which many of the early settlers had migrated. The population was 5,864 as of the 2020 census, down from 6,582 in 2010.
Phoenix Radio
Phoenix Radio 96.7 FM is a local radio station based in Halifax, in West Yorkshire, England. It broadcasts on the FM frequency, 24 hours a day to the Metropolitan Borough of Calderdale, and the surrounding areas and around the world online. It is owned and run by Phoenix Radio Ltd, which has also previously held six Restricted Service Licences (RSLs) in the past. It was awarded its full-time licence by OFCOM, thus becoming, on 10 December 2007, Calderdale's first and only local radio station.

Calderdale
Calderdale (/ˈkɔːldərdeɪl, ˈkɒl-/) is a metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England, which had a population of 211,439. It takes its name from the River Calder, and dale, a word for valley. The name Calderdale usually refers to the borough through which the upper river flows, while the actual landform is known as the Calder Valley. Several small valleys contain tributaries of the River Calder. The main towns of the borough are Brighouse, Elland, Halifax, Hebden Bridge, Sowerby Bridge and Todmorden.

Calderdale covers part of the South Pennines, and the Calder Valley is the southernmost of the Yorkshire Dales, though it is not part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. The borough was formed in 1974 by the merger of nine local government districts.

Halifax is the commercial, cultural and administrative centre of the borough. Calderdale is served by Calderdale Council, which is headquartered in Halifax, with some functions based in Todmorden.
Ocean Sky Chan Monastery
Ocean Sky Chan Monastery (Chinese: 海天禪寺) is the Manila, Philippine branch of Taiwan's Chung Tai Chan Monastery (中台禪寺). Completed in 2001, the monastery offers free Zen meditation classes and other services, under the direction of Chung Tai and Grand Master Wei Chueh.

The monastery follows traditional Chinese Ch'an, emphasizing on teachings based on sudden enlightenment and gradual cultivation.

The monastery's current Abbess is Ven. Jian Shu (見樞法師).

Chung Tai Chan Monastery
Chung Tai Chan Monastery (Chinese: 中台禪寺; pinyin: Zhōngtáichán Sì) is a Buddhist monastery located in Puli Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. It is the headquarters of Chung Tai Shan, an international Chan Buddhist order. It is the tallest and one of the largest monasteries in both Taiwan and the world, having a height of 136 metres (446 ft). Widely admired as an architectural masterpiece because of the mountain monastery's more modern look, the temple is second only to Fo Guang Shan's monastery in physical size and in the number of ordained disciples.
Mow Cop and Scholar Green railway station
Mow Cop and Scholar Green railway station was a station on the North Staffordshire Railway between Stoke-on-Trent and Congleton. It served the village of Mow Cop.

The line was opened by the North Staffordshire Railway on 9 October 1848 but the station at Mow Cop did not open until the beginning of January 1849. It closed in 1964 and was immortalised that year in the song Slow Train by Flanders and Swann.

The signal box survived in use until 2002, and is now preserved privately in the village.

Stoke-on-Trent railway station
Stoke-on-Trent railway station serves the city of Stoke-on-Trent, in Staffordshire, England. It lies on the Stafford to Manchester branch of the West Coast Main Line. It also provides an interchange between local services running through Staffordshire, Cheshire and Derbyshire.
GPR17
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the GPR17 gene located on chromosome 2 at position q21. The actual activating ligands for and some functions of this receptor are disputed.

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1, also termed CYSLTR1, is a receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) (see  cysteinyl leukotrienes). CYSLTR1, by binding these cysteinyl LTs (CysLTs; viz, LTC4, LTD4, and to a much lesser extent, LTE4) contributes to mediating various allergic and hypersensitivity reactions in humans as well as models of the reactions in other animals.
Wandoan railway line
The Wandoan Branch is a 70 km railway line in the Darling Downs region Queensland, Australia.  It links the towns of Miles and Wandoan. It was approved to extend to Taroom, but construction halted during World War I and never recommenced. The line is now closed.

Taroom
Taroom /təˈruːm/ is a town in the Shire of Banana and locality split between the Shire of Banana and the Western Downs Region in Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Taroom had a population of 885 people.
Ricicles
Ricicles (stylised as RiCiCLES) was a breakfast cereal sold by Kellogg's in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was similar to another Kellogg's product, Rice Krispies, with the addition of a frosted sugar coating. The product is known as Frosted Krispies in the United States.

Ricicles' mascot was the astronaut 'Captain Rik', who replaced Henry's Cat who replaced Tony Jr. in the 1980s, and Noddy in the 1960s.

As of January 2009 Ricicles were no longer included in Kellogg's variety packs, instead being replaced with a new product to test on customers.

In Mexico, a similar cereal called Rock N' Rice was sold in the mid-1990s.

On 30 November 2017, Kellogg's announced they would discontinue Ricicles as part of a drive to reduce sugar in children's cereals.

Rice Krispies
Rice Krispies (known as Rice Bubbles in Australia and New Zealand) is a breakfast cereal produced by WK Kellogg Co for the United States, Canada and the Caribbean and by Kellanova for the rest of the world. Rice Krispies are made of crisped rice. When milk is added to the cereal the rice tends to collapse, creating the characteristic "snap, crackle and pop" sounds.

Rice Krispies cereal has a long advertising history with the elf cartoon characters Snap, Crackle and Pop touting the brand.
PAC CT/4 Airtrainer
The Pacific Aerospace Corporation CT/4 Airtrainer series is an all-metal-construction, single-engine, two-place with side-by-side seating, fully aerobatic, piston-engined, basic training aircraft manufactured in Hamilton, New Zealand.

NZAero
NZSkydive Ltd, trading as NZAero, is an aircraft manufacturing company based in Hamilton, New Zealand. Along with its predecessors, it has sold more than 700 utility, training and agricultural aircraft. The company replaced Pacific Aerospace Ltd, which became insolvent and was liquidated in 2021.