hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scotland national netball team
The Scotland national netball team represents Scotland in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, Netball at the Commonwealth Games and the Netball Europe Open Championships. As of 1 September 2025, Scotland are listed 10th on the World Netball Rankings.

Test match (netball)
A test match in netball is an international match played between two senior national netball teams. International netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, Netball at the Commonwealth Games, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Constellation Cup and the Netball Quad Series all feature a series' of test matches.

On 20 August 1938, at Royal Park, Melbourne, Australia defeated New Zealand 40–11. This was the first netball Test between Australia and New Zealand. It was also the world's first international netball match. The 1949 England Scotland Wales Netball Series saw England, Scotland and Wales all play their debut test matches.

The use of the term test is relatively new to netball in comparison to cricket, rugby union and rugby league. It is effectively a loanword. Netball tests are regularly played between Australia, New Zealand, England, and South Africa, all of whom have a long history of using the term in other sports.
Gävle
Gävle (/ˈjɛvleɪ, -lə/ YEV-lay or YEV-lə; Swedish: [ˈjɛ̌ːvlɛ] ⓘ) is a city in Sweden, the seat of Gävle Municipality and the capital of Gävleborg County. It had 79,004 inhabitants in 2020, which makes it the 13th-most-populated city in Sweden. It is the oldest city in the historical Norrland (Sweden's northern lands), having received its charter in 1446 from Christopher of Bavaria. However, Gävle is far nearer to the greater Stockholm region than it is to most other major settlements in Norrland and has a much milder climate than associated with said region.

In recent years, the city has received much international attention due to its large Yule Goat figure made of straw – the Gävle Goat. The goat is erected in December each year and is often subsequently vandalized, usually by being set on fire. The goat has now become a symbol for the city and is being used for various marketing purposes.

Gävle Castle
60°40′20″N 17°08′39″E﻿ / ﻿60.67222°N 17.14417°E﻿ / 60.67222; 17.14417
Gävle Castle is a palace in Gävle, Sweden, rebuilt several times since its foundation in 1583. It is the official residence of the County Governor of Gävleborg County.
Wandbühl
The Wandbühl is a mountain, 1,006.7 m above sea level (NHN), and the fourth highest peak in the Swabian Jura in southern Germany. It lies north of the municipality of Wehingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg and is the southernmost summit of a mountain chain that includes the Montschenloch, Rainen and Bol. The Wandbühl is part of the so-called Region of the 10 Thousanders, as well as the Großer Heuberg.

Bol (Swabian Jura)
The Bol is a minor subordinate elevation of the mountain Wandbühl in the Swabian Jura east of the village of Deilingen in the federal state Baden-Württemberg of Germany. It is one of the "ten thousanders."
HC Dynamo Moscow
HC Dynamo Moscow (Russian: ХК Динамо Москва) is a professional ice hockey club based in Moscow, Russia. It is a member of the Tarasov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Dynamo has won the Gagarin Cup twice, in 2011–12 and 2012–13 seasons, and won the regular season championship once, in 2013–14, winning the Continental Cup.

The club is one of the most successful teams in Russia.

2013–14 KHL season
The 2013–14 KHL season was the sixth season of the Kontinental Hockey League.

The league's 28 teams played a 54-game balanced schedule. The regular season began on 4 September with the Lokomotiv Cup between last year's finalists Dynamo Moscow and Traktor Chelyabinsk. The all-star game took place on 11 January in Bratislava, Slovakia and was followed by a 27-day break for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi from 30 January to 25 February. The last day of the regular season was 4 March.

Sixteen teams, eight from each conference, advanced to the Gagarin Cup playoffs, which began on 7 March. The winner of each conference, Metallurg Magnitogorsk from the East and Lev Prague from the West, met in the Gagarin Cup Final. The seventh and last game was played on 30 April, with Metallurg winning 7–4. All four playoff rounds were best-of-seven series. As of right now, Lev Prague are the only non-Russian team to play in the Gagarin Cup
Roadster (bicycle)
A roadster bicycle  is a type of utility bicycle once common worldwide, and still common in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and some parts of Europe. During the past few decades, traditionally styled roadster bicycles have regained popularity in the Western world, particularly as a lifestyle or fashion statement in an urban environment.

Bicycle brake
A bicycle brake reduces the speed of a bicycle or prevents the wheels from moving. The two main types are: rim brakes and disc brakes. Drum brakes are less common on bicycles.

Most bicycle brake systems consist of three main components: a mechanism for the rider to apply the brakes, such as brake levers or pedals; a mechanism for transmitting that signal, such as Bowden cables, hydraulic hoses, rods, or the bicycle chain; and the brake mechanism itself, a caliper or drum, to press two or more surfaces together in order to convert, via friction, kinetic energy of the bike and rider into thermal energy to be dissipated.
Vladimir Olgerdovich
Vladimir Olgerdovich (died after 1398) was the son of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and his first wife, Maria of Vitebsk. He was the Prince of Kiev from 1362 to 1394. His sons Ivan and Alexander started the Belsky and Olelkovich families.

Algirdas
Algirdas (c. 1296 – May 1377) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1345 to 1377. With the help of his brother Kęstutis (who defended the western border of the Duchy) he created an empire stretching from the present Baltic states to the Black Sea and to within 80 kilometres (50 miles) of Moscow.
Sideritis elica
Sideritis elica is a plant species in the genus Sideritis, endemic to Bulgaria. The species was discovered and described by Associate Prof. Ina Aneva and Senior Assistant Prof. Georgi Bonchev of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, as well as by Prof. Petar Zhelev of the University of Forestry in Sofia.

The molecular analysis supports the morphological data about the divergence between the more widespread Sideritis scardica and Sideritis elica. The studied populations of the two taxa were found to be genetically distant.

The species is only known from the northern foothills of the central Rhodope Mountains, where it grows in the Chervenata Stena Reserve near Asenovgrad and Bachkovo Monastery.

Sideritis
Sideritis, also known as ironwort, mountain tea and shepherd's tea, is a genus of flowering plants known for their use as herbal medicine, commonly as a herbal tea. They are abundant in Mediterranean regions, the Balkans, the Iberian Peninsula and Macaronesia, but can also be found in Central Europe and temperate Asia.
Long March 2E
The Long March 2E, also known as the Chang Zheng 2E, CZ-2E and LM-2E, was a Chinese orbital carrier rocket from the Long March 2 family. The Long March 2E was a three-stage carrier rocket that was designed to launch commercial communications satellites into geosynchronous transfer orbit. Launches took place from launch complex 2 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

The Long March 2E made its maiden flight on 16 July 1990. However, the rocket had compatibility flaws with the American-made satellites that caused one launch failures and one partial failure in just 7 missions. The rocket was retired on 28 December 1995 in favor of the Long March 3B. The Long March 2E forms the basis of the Long March 2F, used to launch crewed Shenzhou missions. The booster rockets have also been used on the Long March 3B and Long March 3C.

Long March 2
Long March 2 rocket family or Chang Zheng 2 rocket family as in Chinese pinyin is an expendable launch system operated by the People's Republic of China. The rockets use the abbreviations LM-2 family for export, and CZ-2 family within China, as "Chang Zheng" means "Long March" in Chinese pinyin. They are part of the larger Long March rocket family. Development and design falls mostly under the auspices of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT).
Martin A. Lee
Martin A. Lee is an American author and activist. He has written books and articles on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues, and drug politics, including Acid Dreams and The Beast Reawakens. Lee was a co-founder of the media watch group Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR).

Extra!
Extra! is a monthly magazine of media criticism published by the media watch group FAIR. First published in 1987, its first full-time editor was Martin A. Lee. Since 1990, it has been edited by Jim Naureckas. The magazine covers a wide variety of media issues in the form of analytical essays, features publications on media commentators, and book reviews.

Extra! was published six times a year until January 2009, when it switched to monthly. Contributors include Peter Hart, Janine Jackson, Julie Hollar, Laura Flanders, Howard Friel, Noam Chomsky, Stephen Maher, Michael Corcoran, Seth Ackerman, Beau Hodai, and Edward S. Herman.
Renata Tebaldi
Renata Tebaldi OMRI (US: /təˈbɑːldi/ tə-BAHL-dee, Italian: [reˈnaːta teˈbaldi]; 1 February 1922 – 19 December 2004) was an Italian lirico-spinto soprano popular in the post-war period, and especially prominent as one of the stars of La Scala, San Carlo and, especially, the Metropolitan Opera. Often considered among the great opera singers of the 20th century, she focused primarily on the verismo roles of the lyric and dramatic repertoires. Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini called her voice la voce d'angelo ("the voice of an angel"), and La Scala music director Riccardo Muti called her "one of the greatest performers with one of the most extraordinary voices in the field of opera."

Franco Corelli
Franco Corelli (8 April 1921 – 29 October 2003) was an Italian tenor who had a major international opera career between 1951 and 1976. Associated in particular with the spinto and dramatic tenor roles of the Italian and French repertories, he was celebrated universally for his powerhouse voice, electrifying top notes, clear timbre, passionate singing and remarkable performances. Dubbed the "prince of tenors", audiences were enchanted by his handsome features and charismatic stage presence. He had a long and fruitful partnership with the Metropolitan Opera in New York City between 1961 and 1975. He also appeared on the stages of most of the major opera houses in Europe and with opera companies throughout North America.
Genetic algorithm
In computer science and operations research, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA). Genetic algorithms are commonly used to generate high-quality solutions to optimization and search problems via biologically inspired operators such as selection, crossover, and mutation. Some examples of GA applications include optimizing decision trees for better performance, solving sudoku puzzles, hyperparameter optimization, and causal inference.

Stochastic optimization
Stochastic optimization (SO) are optimization methods that generate and use random variables. For stochastic optimization problems, the objective functions or constraints are random. Stochastic optimization also include methods with random iterates. Some hybrid methods use random iterates to solve stochastic problems, combining both meanings of stochastic optimization.
Stochastic optimization methods generalize deterministic methods for deterministic problems.
Henri, Duke of Elbeuf
Henri de Lorraine (7 August 1661–17 May 1748) was Duke of Elbeuf and member of the House of Lorraine. He succeeded his father Charles de Lorraine to the Duchy-Peerage of Elbeuf. He was also a Peer of France.

Lords, Marquesses and Dukes of Elbeuf
The Seigneurie of Elbeuf, later a marquisate, dukedom, and peerage, was based on the territory of Elbeuf in the Vexin, possessed first by the Counts of Valois and then the Counts of Meulan before passing to the  House of Harcourt. In 1265, it was erected into a seigneurie for them. Occupied by the English from 1419 to 1444, it passed by marriage to the Lorraine-Vaudémont, a cadet branch of the sovereign House of Lorraine, in 1452. When René of Vaudémont inherited Lorraine, he left the Harcourt inheritance, including Elbeuf, to his second son Claude, Duke of Guise. Elbeuf was raised to a marquisate in 1528. Claude, in turn, left Elbeuf to his youngest son René. It was elevated to a ducal peerage in 1581 for his son Charles, and the title became extinct in 1825.
Effa Motors
Effa Motors is a Uruguayan automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturer with headquarters in San José de Mayo in southern Uruguay. The company was founded by Eduardo Effa in 2006 for the construction of the vehicles imported as CKD kits used. Effa is located in the same workshop as the defunct automaker Dolce Vitta, whose World Manufacturer Codes of 9UP, 9UR and 9US are used for beginning of Effa's vehicle identification numbers. The company is a subsidiary of the Aler Group.

Effa maintains partnerships with Chinese automakers Changhe, Hafei, Huanghai (a brand of Liaoning Shuguang), JinBei (JinBei trucks known as JBC), Jiangling Motors (JMC), Lifan and Sinotruk.

Changhe Ideal
The Changhe Ideal is a city car produced by Jiangxi Changhe Suzuki Automobile Company, in a joint-venture between Chinese and Japanese automakers Changhe and Suzuki, since 2003. The model is known in Brazil as the Effa M100, in Uruguay as the Effa Ideal and in Italy as Martin Motors Ideal 1000.
Karen Khachanov
Karen Abgarovich Khachanov (born 21 May 1996) is a Russian professional tennis player. He has been ranked by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) as high as world No. 8 in singles, which he achieved on 15 July 2019, and No. 53 in doubles, attained on 29 January 2024. Khachanov has won seven ATP Tour singles titles, the most significant at the 2018 Paris Masters, an ATP 1000-level event. In doubles, he has won one title at the 2023 Madrid Open, with compatriot Andrey Rublev.

His most notable career achievement is a silver medal in singles at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. He also has reached two major semifinals at the 2022 US Open and 2023 Australian Open.

Albert Ramos Viñolas
Albert Ramos Viñolas (Spanish pronunciation: [alˈβeɾ ˈramos βiˈɲolas]; born 17 January 1988) is a former Spanish professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 17, in May 2017, after the final of the 2017 Monte Carlo Masters.
Barbara Komnena
Barbara Komnena (Russian: Варвара Комнина, romanized: Varvara Komnina) is a mythical figure, claimed to be the daughter of the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos (reigned 1081–1118), and the wife of the Grand Prince of Kiev Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich.

Sviatopolk II of Kiev
Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich (Old East Slavic: Свѧтополкъ Изѧславичь, romanized: Svętopolkǐ Izęslavičǐ; 8 November 1050 – 16 April 1113) was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1093 to 1113. He was not a popular prince, and his reign was marked by incessant rivalry with his cousin Vladimir Monomakh.
Campagnola Cremasca
Campagnola Cremasca (Cremish: Campagnóla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Cremona.

Campagnola Cremasca borders the following municipalities: Capralba, Casaletto Vaprio, Crema, Cremosano, Pianengo, Sergnano.

Pianengo
Pianengo (Cremasco: Pianénch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Cremona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,474 and an area of 5.9 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi).

Pianengo borders the following municipalities: Campagnola Cremasca, Casale Cremasco-Vidolasco, Crema, Ricengo, Sergnano.
Walter Camp Award
The Walter Camp Player of the Year Award is given annually to the collegiate American football player of the year, as decided by a group of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I FBS head coaches and sports information directors under the auspices of the Walter Camp Football Foundation. The award is named for Walter Camp, an important and influential figure in the development of the sport. Three players have won the award twice: Colt McCoy of the University of Texas in  2008 and 2009, Archie Griffin of Ohio State in 1974 and 1975, and O. J. Simpson of USC in 1967 and 1968.

Archie Griffin
Archie Mason Griffin (born August 21, 1954) is an American former professional football running back who played with the Cincinnati Bengals in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons. He played college football for the Ohio State Buckeyes, where he became the only two-time Heisman Trophy winner in NCAA history, 1974–1975, and is considered one of the greatest college football players of all time. Griffin won four Big Ten Conference titles with the Buckeyes and was the first player to ever start in four Rose Bowls. He was selected in the first round by the Bengals in the 1976 NFL draft.
Bristol city centre
Bristol city centre is the commercial, cultural and business centre of Bristol, England. It is the area north of the New Cut of the River Avon, bounded by Clifton Wood and Clifton to the north-west, Kingsdown and Cotham to the north, and St Pauls, Lawrence Hill and St Phillip's Marsh to the east. The Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, BBC Broadcasting House, the main campus of the University of Bristol, Bristol Crown Court and Magistrate's Courts, Temple Meads railway station, Bristol bus station, the Park Street, Broadmead and Cabot Circus shopping areas together with numerous music venues, theatres and restaurants are located in this area. The area consists of the council wards of Central, Hotwells & Harbourside, and part of Lawrence Hill.

Clifton, Bristol
Clifton is an inner suburb of Bristol, England, and the name of one of the city's thirty-five electoral wards. The Clifton ward also includes the areas of Cliftonwood and Hotwells. The eastern part of the suburb lies within the ward of Clifton Down.

Clifton is home to Isambard Kingdom Brunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge; many buildings of the University of Bristol, including Goldney Hall; the Roman Catholic Clifton Cathedral; Christ Church, Clifton Down; Clifton College; Clifton High School; the former Amberley House preparatory school; Queen Elizabeth's Hospital School and The Clifton Club. It is also noted for the Downs, a large, open park.
Bojacá
Bojacá is a municipality and town of the Western Savanna Province, Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre is situated at an altitude of 2,598 metres (8,524 ft) on the Bogotá savanna at 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the capital Bogotá. The municipality borders Zipacón, Madrid and Facatativá in the north, Madrid and Mosquera in the east, Soacha and San Antonio del Tequendama in the south and Tena, La Mesa and Zipacón in the west.

Zipacón
Zipacón (Spanish pronunciation: [sipaˈkon]) is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Western Savanna Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. The urban centre of Zipacón is situated at an altitude of 2,550 metres (8,370 ft) on the Bogotá savanna, the southern flatlands of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. Zipacón borders Anolaima, Facatativá, La Mesa and Bojacá.
Loyal (Dave Dobbyn song)
"Loyal" is a single by New Zealand singer/songwriter Dave Dobbyn, released in 1988 from the album of the same name. The song reached number 19 on the New Zealand charts and has since become a cult song for the nation.

Dave Dobbyn
Sir David Joseph Dobbyn KNZM (born 3 January 1957) is a New Zealand musician, singer–songwriter and record producer. In his early career he was a member of the rock group Th' Dudes and was the main creative force in pop band DD Smash. Since then he has released the majority of his recordings as a solo performer.
Adrian Bejan
Adrian Bejan is a Romanian-American professor who has made contributions to modern thermodynamics and developed the constructal law. He is J. A. Jones Distinguished Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke University and author of the books Design in Nature, The Physics of Life , Freedom and Evolution  and Time And Beauty. He is an Honorary Member  of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and was awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal and the ASME Medal.

Sylvie Lorente
Sylvie Lorente is a French mechanical engineer known for her research on the thermodynamics and fluid mechanics of porous media, and in particular for her work on the constructal theory of flows and their dynamic evolution. She is the inaugural holder of the William M. Brown Endowed Chair in Mechanical Engineering at Villanova University, Adjunct Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science at Duke University, and professor (exceptional class) at the Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse. She is currently the Senior Associate Dean for Research and Innovation in the College of Engineering of Villanova University.
Rodzima Wiara
Rodzima Wiara (meaning "Native Faith") is a Polish Rodnover religious organization, founded in 1996 by Stanisław Potrzebowski in Wrocław as Zrzeszenie Rodzimej Wiary (meaning "Union of Native Faith"). The name was changed to the current one in 2000.

Zrzeszenie Rodzimej Wiary was registered with the Polish Ministry of the Interior's registry of denominations and churches on March 4, 1996. The official activity of organization was started on March 23, 1996 during the Veche of the Followers in Wrocław.

Rodzima Wiara is a member of the European Congress of Ethnic Religions and of the Rodnover Confederation.

Rodnover Confederation
The Rodnover Confederation (Konfederacja Rodzimowiercza) is a confederation of Polish Rodnover religious organisations, founded on 23 August 2015 during the 3rd All-Poland Rodnover Congress in Łysogóry.

Since 2016 the Rodnover Confederation has organised the All-Poland Rodnover Congress and published the Rodnover Calendar. In May 2016, after a break of 500 years, on behalf of the Rodnover Confederation, the first celebration of the Stado festival was organised. It was the largest ceremony of this kind in the modern history of the Polish Rodnover movement.
Jongno
Jongno or Jong-ro (Korean: 종로; lit. Bell Street) is a trunk road and one of the oldest major east–west thoroughfares in Seoul, South Korea. Jongno connects Gwanghwamun Plaza to Dongdaemun.

The area surrounding Jongno is a part of Downtown Seoul and one of the most prominent cultural, historical, and financial areas. Many important landmarks are located along its length, including the Bigak pavilion at Sejongno, the Bosingak belfry (hence the street's name), Tapgol Park (Pagoda Park), the Jongmyo royal ancestral shrine, and the Dongdaemun (Great East Gate).  Seoul Subway Line 1 passes under Jongno.  The western end of Jongno is serviced by Gwanghwamun Station (Seoul Subway Line 5), and Jongno 3-ga Station is serviced by Subway Lines 1, 3, and 5. Because of the multitude of shops, stores, and groceries along the area, the word "Jongno" is often used in the Korean language to express "Town Square."

Tapgol Park
Tapgol Park (Korean: 탑골 공원), formerly Pagoda Park, is a public park located at 99 Jongno, Jongno District, Seoul, South Korea. It is 1.50561 ha (3.7204 acres) in area. The park was previously known as Pagoda Park until May 28, 1992.

It is served by Jongno 3-ga Station on Lines 1, 3 and 5 of the Seoul Subway.