hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paris–Harrington theorem
In mathematical logic, the Paris–Harrington theorem states that a certain claim in Ramsey theory, namely the strengthened finite Ramsey theorem, which is expressible in Peano arithmetic, is not provable in this system. That Ramsey-theoretic claim is, however, provable in slightly stronger systems.

This result has been described by some (such as the editor of the Handbook of Mathematical Logic in the references below) as the first "natural" example of a true statement about the integers that could be stated in the language of arithmetic, but not proved in Peano arithmetic; it was already known that such statements existed by Gödel's first incompleteness theorem. Some authors, such as Rathjenp. 4 and Kripkep. 5, consider Gentzen's theorem an earlier example and work of Reuben Goodstein deserving some credit.

Ramsey theory
Ramsey theory, named after the British mathematician and philosopher Frank P. Ramsey, is a branch of the mathematical field of combinatorics that focuses on the appearance of order in a substructure given a structure of a known size. Problems in Ramsey theory typically ask a question of the form: "how big must some structure be to guarantee that a particular property holds?"
Brick Hotel
Brick Hotel, also known as the Wilmington Trust Co., Georgetown Office, is a historic hotel located at Georgetown, Sussex County, Delaware.  It was built in 1836, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, seven-bay, brick structure in a transitional Federal / Greek Revival style.  It has a one-story, rear kitchen wing, and a one-story wing attached to it and dated to the 1930s. It has a slate-tiled roof, double end chimneys, and a modern Greek Revival style verandah.  The exterior was altered in 1955, when it was converted from its original use as a hotel to its use as a bank building. In 2008, it was converted back to a hotel.  On August 28, 2021, the Brick Hotel closed permanently, with the building having been leased for office space.

The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Georgetown, Delaware
Georgetown is a town in and the county seat of Sussex County, Delaware, United States. As of the 2020 census, Georgetown had a population of 7,134.

Georgetown is part of the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Edward Meeker
Edward Meeker (January 22, 1874 – April 19, 1937) was an American singer and performer, best known for his appearances on the recordings of Thomas Edison both as an announcer and singer, performing songs such as "Chicken Reel", "Go Easy Mabel", "Harrigan" and most notably, "Take Me Out to the Ball Game". Original music by Meeker includes, "That Railroad Rag" released in 1911. Shortly before the enactment of Prohibition, in 1919, he released an anti-prohibition song, "Every Day Will Be Sunday When The Town Goes Dry".

As well as reading vaudeville skits and providing sound effects throughout the remainder of his career.

Take Me Out to the Ball Game
"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is a 1908 waltz song by Jack Norworth and Albert Von Tilzer which has become the unofficial anthem of North American baseball, although neither of its authors had attended a game before writing the song. The song's chorus is traditionally sung as part of the seventh-inning stretch of a baseball game. Fans are generally encouraged to sing along, and at many ballparks, the words "home team" are replaced with the team name.

"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is one of the three-most recognizable songs in the US, along with "The Star-Spangled Banner" and "Happy Birthday." However, most people are only familiar with the chorus. The verses of the song likely failed to gain popularity due to being in third person.
Life in Harmony
"Life in Harmony" (stylized as "LIFE IN HARMONY") is a song recorded by Japanese singer Misia for her tenth studio album, Soul Quest. It was released as a digital single on September 15, 2010. A CD single was produced and included as a limited bonus on the Hoshizora no Live VI Encore 2010 International Year of Biodiversity concert DVD. The four-track CD single was later released as a digital EP on November 10, 2010. "Life in Harmony" was the official song for the tenth Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 10), of which Misia was named an honorary ambassador. Misia performed the song at the convention held at the Nagoya Congress Center on October 18, 2010.

Soul Quest
Soul Quest (stylized as SOUL QUEST) is the tenth studio album by Japanese singer Misia. It was released on July 27, 2011, through Ariola Japan. The album yielded three official singles, the digital exclusives "Edge of This World" and "Life in Harmony", and the sole physical release "Kioku". The lead track, "This Is Me", served as promotional single for the album.
Juan Karlos
Juan Karlos (commonly stylized in all lowercase) is a Filipino rock band from Manila, consisting of lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, primary songwriter, and only constant member Juan Karlos Labajo, together with lead guitarist Jeriko Aguilar and bassist Louise Bayas. The band first gained exposure with the release of their second single, "Buwan".

Buwan
"Buwan" (transl. "Moon") is a song written and sung by Filipino singer-songwriter, Juan Karlos Labajo, under the band name Juan Karlos. It was released on June 22, 2018, through MCA Music. The song became one of the most played OPM songs of 2018, winning Song of the Year at the 2019 Myx Music Awards, 2019 Awit Award for People's Voice Favorite Song. "Buwan" received huge popularity and started as a song challenge through social media platforms in the Philippines even overseas.
Mangulile
Mangulile is a municipality in the north west of the Honduran department of Olancho, north of Yocón, south west of Manto and south east of Salamá.

Agriculture is the base of almost all commerce. Corn, beans, and coffee are the main cash crops, the sale of which provides income for other things like sugar and rice. Many of the remote villages have no access to education, healthcare, or clean water. Artesian springs provide most of the domestic water, which, because of the tropical climate, becomes contaminated soon after surfacing. 
Biosand water filters have been introduced to over 25 of these villages as of 2015, significantly improving health conditions. 
Part of the local 2015 coffee harvest was exported to the USA through a newly formed co-op, with 100% of the profits being returned to this area for infrastructure and capital for crop expansion.

Olancho Department
Olancho is the largest of all the 18 departments into which Honduras is divided. The department covers a total surface area of 24,057 km2 (9,288 sq mi) and has an estimated 2015 population of 537,306 inhabitants.

The departmental capital is Juticalpa, which is also the see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Juticalpa, which covers the department.
Canyon State Academy
Canyon State Academy is a private residential school serving male youth between the ages of 11–17 with a history of delinquent behaviors, dependent/neglectful backgrounds, mild mental and emotional health issues, and special education needs. Situated in Queen Creek, Arizona, its 180-acre campus includes a variety of programs, from temporary shelter to long-term residence. It is managed by Rite of Passage, which provides a variety of programs and services to at-risk youth throughout the nation. The school is a member of the Canyon Athletic Association.

Canyon Athletic Association
The Canyon Athletic Association (CAA), previously known as the Arizona Charter Athletic Association, is an American non-profit regulatory organization for athletic competition among secondary schools located in Arizona. The CAA serves small non-traditional education institutions including charter schools, public schools, home school organizations, and parochial schools. As of 2014, the CAA membership consisted of approximately 125 High Schools and Junior High Schools.

The CAA is not affiliated with the Arizona Interscholastic Association which also regulates high school sports in Arizona. Most schools within the CAA are smaller than schools within the AIA.
Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Fakhry
Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Fakhry (1863–1926) is an Iraqi writer and poet from Mosul.

He is the son of Al-Sayed Mahmoud, and the grandson of Al-Sayed Muhammad Amin Al-Fakhry. He was born in Mosul and was educated by Abdul-Wahab Al-Jawadi, and was trained in interpreting and speech by him. He then studied under his father, Mahmoud Al-Fakhry, and was trained in the statement and performances.

He was appointed a judge in Mosul in 1918, a Minister of Justice at the Jaafar Al-Askari Ministry and a member of the Constituent Assembly in 1924 until his death.

He has a collection of poetry manuscript in the possession of Hussein Qassem Al-Fakhry, and Mir Basri mentioned that his scattered poetry was collected by the writer Al-Sayyid Ali Al-Alawi; it reached 2420 lines of poetry.

Ministry of Justice (Iraq)
Established in 1920, the Ministry of Justice of Iraq (MoJ) is the federal government ministry concerned with judicial and prosecutorial training, publishing the Official Gazette, notaries public, deeds and records, and since 5 June 2004, prisons. In 2007, the ministry possessed a staff of 13,619. Also, 130 courthouses and headquarters are located at the Ministry of Justice Building.
Goleta, California
Goleta (/ɡəˈliːtə/ gə-LEE-tə; Spanish: [ɡoˈleta]; Spanish for "schooner") is a city in southern Santa Barbara County, California, United States. It was incorporated as a city in 2002, after a long period as the largest unincorporated populated area in the county. As of the 2000 census, the census-designated place (CDP) had a total population of 55,204. A significant portion of the census territory of 2000 was not included in the city. The population of Goleta was 32,690 at the 2020 census. It is known for being close to the campus of the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
Doubling Point Range Lights
The Doubling Point Range Lights are a pair of range lights on the Kennebec River, in Arrowsic, Maine. Built in 1898 as part of a major improvement on navigational aids on the river, they are the only surviving pair of range lights in the state.  They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Kennebec River Light Station on January 21, 1988.

Leading lights
Leading lights, also known as range lights in the United States, are a pair of light beacons used in navigation to indicate a safe passage for vessels entering a shallow or dangerous channel; they may also be used for position fixing. At night, the lights are a form of leading line that can be used for safe navigation. The beacons consist of two lights that are separated in distance and elevation, so that when they are aligned, with one above the other, they provide a bearing. Range lights are often illuminated day and night.

In some cases the two beacons are unlighted, in which case they are known as a range in the United States or a transit in the UK. The beacons may be artificial or natural.
Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc.
Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc. is the debut studio album by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam. This was Yoakam's first time working with long-time collaborator, record producer-guitarist Pete Anderson. The album became the first of three consecutive albums by Yoakam to reach number one on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

Ring of Fire (song)
"Ring of Fire" is a song written by the American singer-songwriters June Carter and Merle Kilgore. It was originally recorded as "(Love's) Ring of Fire" by June's sister, Anita Carter, on her 1962 album Folk Songs Old and New. It was popularized by Carter's future husband, the country singer Johnny Cash, after it appeared on his 1963 compilation album Ring of Fire: The Best of Johnny Cash.

Cash's version became one of his biggest hits, staying at No. 1 on the country chart for seven weeks. It was certified gold by the RIAA on January 21, 2010, and by September of that year had amassed over 1.2 million paid downloads. It was named the fourth-greatest country song by Country Music Television, while Rolling Stone called it the greatest country song and the 87th-greatest song of all time. In 1999, Cash's version was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Pier Leone Ghezzi
Pier Leone Ghezzi (28 June 1674 – 6 March 1755) was an Italian Rococo painter, draughtsman, printmaker and caricaturist who was mainly active in Rome. While he painted decorative frescoes and created a new type of anecdotal and realistic history painting, he is now mainly known for his caricatures of famous people of his time.  He has been described as the first professional caricaturist. In his countless portrait drawings, he was able to capture the essence of the sitter with only a few strokes.  He regularly portrayed a single figure with exaggerated anatomy and various eccentricities of clothing and posture. In group portraits he created a humoristic effect by repeating a strange stance or expression.

Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through sketching, pencil strokes, or other artistic drawings (compare to: cartoon). Caricatures can be either insulting or complimentary, and can serve a political purpose, be drawn solely for entertainment, or for a combination of both. Caricatures of politicians are commonly used in newspapers and news magazines as political cartoons, while caricatures of movie stars are often found in entertainment magazines. In literature, a caricature is a distorted representation of a person in a way that exaggerates some characteristics and oversimplifies others.
Into Night's Requiem Infernal
Into Night's Requiem Infernal is the seventh studio album by the American death-doom band Novembers Doom. It was released on July 7, 2009 through The End Records. The album was recorded at Belle City Sound studio in Racine, Wisconsin with bassist Chris Djuricic producing and Dan Swanö mixing at Unisound in Örebro, Sweden.

Novembers Doom
Novembers Doom is an American death-doom band from Chicago, currently signed to Prophecy Productions. Along with Evoken and Rigor Sardonicous, Novembers Doom is one of the earliest American death-doom bands still active today.
Martin Hosták
Martin Hosták (born November 11, 1967) is a retired Czech professional ice hockey player. He played 55 games in the National Hockey League with the Philadelphia Flyers during the 1990–91 and 1991–92 seasons. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1986 to 2001, was mainly spent in the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League and the Swedish Elitserien. Internationally Hosták played for both Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic at several tournaments, including three World Championships, winning two bronze medals, and the 1994 Winter Olympics.

He worked as a color commentator and studio analyst for Extraliga and international hockey on Czech TV until 2017. He now works as a general manager of Czech hockey club Aukro Berani Zlín.

His sister is former tennis player Olga Hostáková, while his nieces Annika and Kristina Penickova are now professional tennis players.

Annika Penickova
Annika Penickova (Czech: Pěničková; born September 11, 2009) is an American tennis player. She has a career-high ITF junior combined ranking of No. 16, achieved on March 3, 2025. She and her identical twin sister, Kristina Penickova, won the girls' doubles title at the 2025 Australian Open.
International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders
The International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders is an international collaboration of researchers studying neurotransmitter disorders. It has created a patient registry for longitudinal studies.

The group studies deficiencies in aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase A, dopamine transporter, vesicular monoamine transporter 2 GTP cyclohydrolase (Segawa disease), 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, dihydropteridine reductase, sepiapterin reductase, folate receptor alpha, dihydrofolate reductase, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoserine phosphatase, phosphoserine aminotransferase, the glycine cleavage system (the deficiency is called glycine encephalopathy or non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia), GABA-transaminase, and succinate-semialdehyde dehydroxylase.

Tyrosine hydroxylase
Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). It does so using molecular oxygen (O2), as well as iron (Fe2+) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors. L-DOPA is a precursor for dopamine, which, in turn, is a precursor for the important neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline). Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the rate limiting step in this synthesis of catecholamines. In humans, tyrosine hydroxylase is encoded by the TH gene, and the enzyme is present in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral sympathetic neurons and the adrenal medulla. Tyrosine hydroxylase, phenylalanine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase together make up the family of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAHs).
Castro of Castelo Velho
The Castro of Castelo Velho (Portuguese: Castro de Castelo Velho) is a Chalcolithic settlement in the civil parish of Terena (São Pedro), municipality of Alandroal in the Alentejo Central area of the Portuguese Alentejo.

Alandroal
Alandroal (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐlɐ̃dɾuˈal] ⓘ), officially Alandroal Town (Portuguese: Vila do Alandroal), is a municipality in the Portuguese district of Évora located on the eastern frontier with Spain along the right margin of the Guadiana River in the Central Alentejo region. It is located 341 metres (1,119 ft) above sea level, northeast of Évora and southeast of Estremoz. The population in 2011 was 5,843, in an area of 542.68 km2.
Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Wood
The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Wood (initially known as the Flagship Diamond Wood) is a woodland in Leicestershire, UK created in 2012. Covering 186 hectares (460 acres), it is the centrepiece of a wide-ranging Jubilee Project by the Woodland Trust to mark the 2012 Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. The site incorporates a former opencast coal mine which now has a newly created lake, as well as former arable land and 7 hectares (17 acres) of existing ancient woodland and old hedgerows. Situated between the villages of Normanton le Heath, Heather and Ravenstone, and close to Coalville and Ashby de la Zouch, it is in the middle of the National Forest.

Ravenstone, Leicestershire
Ravenstone is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ravenstone with Snibstone, in the North West Leicestershire district, in the county of Leicestershire, England. It is within the National Forest, just off the A511 road between Coalville and Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in 2001 it had a population of 2,149.
Paper machine
A paper machine (or  papermachine or paper-making machine) is an industrial machine which is used in the pulp and paper industry
to create paper in large quantities at high speed. Modern paper-making machines are based on the principles of the Fourdrinier Machine, which uses a moving woven mesh to create a continuous paper web by filtering out the fibres held in a paper stock and producing a continuously moving wet mat of fibre. This is dried in the machine to produce a strong paper web.

The basic process is an industrialised version of the historical process of hand paper-making, which could not satisfy the demands of developing modern society for large quantities of a printing and writing substrate. The first modern paper machine was invented by Louis-Nicolas Robert in  France in 1799, and an improved version patented in Britain by Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier in 1806.

The same process is used to produce paperboard on a paperboard machine.

John Dickinson (inventor)
John Dickinson (29 March 1782 – 11 January 1869) was an Englishman who invented a continuous mechanised papermaking process. He established in 1809 the English paper and stationery producer Longman & Dickinson, which later evolved into John Dickinson Stationery.
Theatre Royal, Wexford
The Theatre Royal, was an opera house and performance venue in Wexford Ireland which opened in 1832 and closed in 2005.  It was the home of the annual Wexford Festival Opera, and has now been replaced by The National Opera House.

Wexford
Wexford (Irish: Loch Garman [ˌl̪ˠɔx ˈɡaɾˠəmˠən̪ˠ]; archaic Yola: Weiseforthe) is the county town of County Wexford, Ireland. Wexford lies on the south side of Wexford Harbour, the estuary of the River Slaney near the southeastern corner of the island of Ireland. The town is linked to Dublin by the M11/N11 National Primary Route; and to Rosslare Europort, Cork and Waterford by the N25. The national rail network connects it to Dublin and Rosslare Europort.  It had a population of 21,524 according to the 2022 census.
Herrold, Iowa
Herrold is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Iowa, United States. Herrold is located in Jefferson Township. The state capital and county seat of Des Moines is slightly over 10 miles (16 km) to the southeast. Since 1990, the town has been part of nearby Camp Dodge and is not open to the public.

The historic Herrold Bridge crosses the Beaver Creek to the west of the community.

Polk County, Iowa
Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 492,401, and was estimated to be 516,185 in 2024, making it the most populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Des Moines, which is also the capital city of Iowa. Polk County is included in the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Star of Bethlehem (1912 film)
The Star of Bethlehem is a 1912 American silent film produced by Edwin Thanhouser and Charles J. Hite, and featuring Florence La Badie, James Cruze, and William Russell. The film is a retelling of Biblical events preceding the Nativity of Jesus. Directed by Lawrence Marston, the entire film is staged as brief tableaux. With much of the original lost (only 15 minutes survive), the existing footage can be difficult to interpret as a coherent whole.

William Russell (American actor)
William Russell (born William Lerche; April 12, 1884 – February 18, 1929) was an American actor, film director, film producer and screenwriter. He appeared in over two hundred silent-era motion pictures between 1910 and 1929, directing five of them in 1916 and producing two through his own production company in 1918 and 1925.