hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 James Madison Dukes football team
The 2015 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University during the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by second-year head coach Everett Withers and played their home games at Bridgeforth Stadium and Zane Showker Field. They were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA). The Dukes finished the regular season 9–2 to share the CAA championship with William & Mary and Richmond, who all finished with identical 6–2 conference records. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs, where they lost in the second round to Colgate and finish the season 9–3.

On January 6, 2016, Withers resigned to become the head coach at Texas State. He finished at James Madison with a two-year record of 18–7.

2015 Richmond Spiders football team
The 2015 Richmond Spiders football team represented the University of Richmond in the 2015 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by fourth-year head coach Danny Rocco and played their home games at E. Claiborne Robins Stadium. The Spiders were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA). The Spiders finished as a CAA co-champion along with James Madison and William & Mary, who all finished with identical 6–2 conference records. The Spiders received the CAA's automatic bid to the FCS playoffs by virtue of a head-to-head tiebreaker, having defeated both James Madison and William & Mary during the regular season. After receiving a first-round bye and defeating William & Mary in the second round and Illinois State in the quarterfinals, the Spiders lost to North Dakota State in the semifinals, 33–7.
Edakkazhiyur
Edakkazhiyoor  is a place in Punnayur Panchayat at Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India on the sides of NH66 formerly H17 (Chavakkad - Ponnani). Edakkazhiyur has BSNL Telephone Exchange (0487- 2615…) under Thrissur SDCA.

The Punnayur branch of State Bank of India (SBI), South Indian Bank (SIB), Seethi Sahib Memorial Higher Secondary School (SSMVHSS), and the Government Public Health Center are located at Edakkazhiyoor serving the region.

CISO MARINE WORLD is India's largest public aquarium. Marine World is located at Edakkazhiyoor Chavakkad, Thrissur.

Punnayur
Punnayur is a Panchayath in Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India.This village has coastal area, Mannalamkunnu Beach is one of tourist destination in Trissur District . The office, co-op bank and Punnayur Village are located in Edakkara. Edakkara is one of the small area of Punnnayur Panchayth, Edakkazhiyur, Agalad, Kuzhingara, Aviyur Mannalamkunnu and Punnayur are the other places. Punnayur is located 35 km from Thrissur railway station, 12 km from Guruvayoor railway station, and 90 km from Kochi International Airport. Edakkara is very close to NH 17, (Ponnani- Chavakkad).

India's largest Public Aquarium, Marine World is now at Panchavadi Beach, Edakkazhiyoor.
The Pavilion (cricket show)
The Pavilion is a Pakistani cricket TV show broadcast on A Sports since 2021. It airs primarily during major cricket tournaments and features a panel of former Pakistani cricketers, including Wasim Akram, Moin Khan, Shoaib Malik, and Misbah-ul-Haq, who share anecdotes about the sport.

The Pavilion has been particularly noted for its straightforward analysis and the absence of jingoism, making it a significant contributor to cricket-related discourse in the region.

A Sports
A Sports HD is a Pakistani sports channel. It was launched on 16 October 2021 and is a part of ARY Digital Network which earlier planned it in 2016. On 9 October 2021, Wasim Akram, Waqar Younis, Wahab Riaz, Misbah ul Haq announced to join as its cricket analysts panel. In November 2022, it broadcast 2022 FIFA World Cup with exclusive pre & post match analysis shows.
Battle of Dumlupınar
The Battle of Dumlupınar (Greek: Μάχη του Τουμλού Μπουνάρ, romanized: Máchi tou Toumloú Bounár, Turkish: Dumlupınar (Meydan) Muharebesi, lit. 'Dumlupınar (Field) Battle'), or known as Field Battle of the Commander-in-Chief (Turkish: Başkumandanlık Meydan Muharebesi) in Turkey, was one of the important battles in the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) (part of the Turkish War of Independence). The battle was fought from 26 to 30 August 1922 near Dumlupınar, Kütahya in Turkey.

Nureddin Pasha
Nureddin Ibrahim Pasha (Turkish: Nurettin Paşa, Nureddin İbrahim Paşa; 1873 – 18 February 1932), known as Nureddin İbrahim Konyar from 1934, was a Turkish military officer who served in the Ottoman Army during World War I and in the Turkish Army during the Western Front of the Turkish War of Independence. He was called Bearded Nureddin (Turkish: Sakallı Nurettin) because being the only high-ranking Turkish officer during the Turkish War of Independence sporting a beard. He is known as one of the most important commanders of the war. He ordered several murders and massacres.
2014 Vancouver municipal election
The 2014 Vancouver municipal election took place on November 15, 2014, the same day as other municipalities and regional districts in British Columbia selected their new municipal governments. As with previous elections, voters elected one mayor, 10 councillors, nine school board trustees, and seven park board commissioners through plurality-at-large voting. Voters also voted on whether to approve a capital budget.

Non-Partisan Association
The Non-Partisan Association (NPA) is a municipal political party in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was established by the city's business leaders in 1937 to challenge the democratic socialist Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in that year's municipal election. The party has historically been described as centre-right and drawn its strongest support from Vancouver's business community.

In the years following the 2018 municipal election, seven of the NPA's ten elected officials resigned from the party, claiming that it had become right-wing and undemocratic. Several other prominent members, such as the NPA's 2018 mayoral candidate Ken Sim, also resigned. Most of those departing later joined ABC Vancouver in the run-up to the 2022 municipal election, which saw Sim elected as mayor and the NPA lose all its remaining seats.
Rockwell hardness test
The Rockwell hardness test is a hardness test based on indentation hardness of a material. The Rockwell test measures the depth of penetration of an indenter under a large load (major load) compared to the penetration made by a preload (minor load). There are different scales, denoted by a single letter, that use different loads or indenters. The result is a dimensionless number noted as HRA, HRB, HRC, etc., where the last letter is the respective Rockwell scale. Larger numbers correspond to harder materials.

When testing metals, indentation hardness correlates linearly with tensile strength.

Hardness
In materials science, hardness (antonym: softness) is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation, such as an indentation (over an area) or a scratch (linear), induced mechanically either by pressing or abrasion. In general, different materials differ in their hardness; for example hard metals such as titanium and beryllium are harder than soft metals such as sodium and metallic tin, or wood and common plastics. Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore, hardness can be measured in different ways, such as scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness. Hardness is dependent on ductility, elastic stiffness, plasticity, strain, strength, toughness, viscoelasticity, and viscosity. Common examples of hard matter are ceramics, concrete, certain metals, and superhard materials, which can be contrasted with soft matter.
Malesherbia auristipulata
Malesherbia auristipulata is a perennial woody shrub in the genus Malesherbia (Passifloraceae). Locally it is called Ají de Zorra. M. auristipulata is commonly found in Northern Chile and rarely in Tacna, Peru. In general, the species range is very restricted. As a result M. auristipulata is considered a rare plant. It is likely that there are less than 100 individuals left, classifying the species as critically endangered by the local government.

Malesherbia auristipulata synonymous with Malesherbia turbinea J.F. Macbr; though M. auristipulata is the accepted name.

Malesherbia
Malesherbia is a genus of flowering plants consisting of 25 species in the family Passifloraceae. This is a xerophytic plant group native to the Peruvian and Chilean deserts and adjacent Argentina. The genus is currently recognized by the APG III system of classification in the family Passifloraceae, and is the sole member of the subfamily Malesherbioideae.
Blake Transit Center
The Blake Transit Center (BTC) is a major public transit station in downtown Ann Arbor, Michigan. It is the main hub for TheRide, serving as the terminus and transfer point for 17 Ann Arbor-based routes in the system's hub-and-spoke bus network. It also serves as a transfer point for multiple intercity bus services.

The current building is the second Blake Transit Center, built in the early 2010s to replace a smaller building on the west side of the block that could no longer manage the increased utilization.

Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority
The Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority (AAATA), branded as TheRide, is the public transit system serving the Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti area in the U.S. state of Michigan. In fiscal year 2021 (October 2020 – October 2021), the system had a ridership of 1,725,797.
OFC Men's Nations Cup
The OFC Men's Nations Cup, known as the OFC Nations Cup before the 2024 edition, is the primary association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), determining the continental champion of Oceania. The winning team became the champion of Oceania and until 2016 qualified for the FIFA Confederations Cup.

Historically, a very large gulf separated Australia and New Zealand from the smaller island competitors, and little attention was paid to the tournament by the rest of the football world. The 2012 OFC Nations Cup is the only edition to date not won by either New Zealand or Australia, being won by Tahiti instead and is also the only tournament to date where neither Australia (who joined AFC in 2006 and as a result didn’t participate) nor New Zealand (knocked out in the semifinals) reached the final.

2008 OFC Nations Cup
The 2008 OFC Nations Cup was the eighth edition of the OFC Nations Cup and the first under a new format. It took place as a series of as a home-and-away round-robin tournament on FIFA match dates in 2007 and 2008. Doubling as the qualification tournament for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the tournament was substantially different from earlier editions: 2004 champions Australia did not compete after leaving the Oceania Football Confederation for the Asian Football Confederation and for the first time since the 1996 OFC Nations Cup, no fixed venue was used. Unlike the 2004 OFC Nations Cup, which had featured six teams from the Oceania Football Confederation, the 2008 tournament had just four.

The cup was won by New Zealand, who as a result qualified for the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup in South Africa and the World Cup qualifying play-off with the Asian 5th-placed team, Bahrain, in which New Zealand were successful.
Tanesashi Kaigan Hashikamidake Prefectural Natural Park
Tanesashi Kaigan Hashikamidake Prefectural Natural Park (種差海岸階上岳県立自然公園, Tanesashi Kaigan Hashikamidake kenritsu shizen-kōen) is a Prefectural Natural Park in southeast Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Established in 1953, the park spans the borders of the municipalities of Hachinohe and Hashikami. It derives its name from the Tanesashi Coast and Mount Hashikami (階上岳). In 2013 the park was incorporated into Sanriku Fukkō National Park.

Hashikami
Hashikami (階上町, Hashikami-chō) is a town located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 December 2025, the town had an estimated population of 12,345 in 6,000 households, and a population density of 131 persons per km2  The total area of the town is 94.01 square kilometres (36.30 sq mi).
Andy Kohlberg
Andy Kohlberg (born August 17, 1959) is an American former professional tennis player who serves as president of Spanish football club Mallorca.

Kohlberg enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles.  During his career he won 1 doubles title.  He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 26 on March 7, 1988.

Kohlberg, with long-term business partner, Robert Sarver, is vice chairman, co-owner of Phoenix, Arizona NBA franchise Phoenix Suns.

Kohlberg, Steve Nash and Steve Kerr co-own La Liga club Mallorca.

He is the son of American businessman Jerome Kohlberg.

Robert Sarver
Robert Gary Sarver (born October 31, 1961) is an American businessman, co-founder of Southwest Value Partners, a real estate development company, and the former owner of the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association (NBA), Phoenix Mercury of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), and RCD Mallorca of La Liga Spanish football team.
Hose and Hook and Ladder Truck Building
The Hose and Hook and Ladder Truck Building is a historic former firehouse on Main Street in Thomaston, Connecticut.  Built in 1882, it is a fine example of Late Victorian civic architecture in brick.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 4, 1982.  After serving as a firehouse for about a century, it has been converted into an art gallery.

Thomaston, Connecticut
Thomaston is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The population was 7,442 at the 2020 census. The urban center of the town is the Thomaston census-designated place, with a population of 1,928 at the 2020 census.
Stanley Brown (engineer)
Sir Frederick Herbert Stanley Brown CBE FIMechE FIEE (9 December 1910 – 1997) was an English mechanical and electrical engineer.
Born in Birmingham and educated at the King Edward's School, Birmingham he then went on to the University of Birmingham where he graduated with a first class honours degree in electrical engineering in 1932. In 1937 he was involved in the design and development of Hams Hall B power station. He joined the CEGB in 1958 upon its inception and in September 1959 he was appointed deputy chairman. On 1 January 1965, he succeeded Christopher Hinton as chairman of the CEGB and was followed by Sir Arthur Hawkins in 1972. In the 1967 Birthday Honours, he received his knighthood for services to the electricity supply industry.

Central Electricity Generating Board
The Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) was responsible for electricity generation, transmission and bulk sales in England and Wales from 1958 until privatisation of the electricity industry in the 1990s.

It was established on 1 January 1958 to assume the functions of the Central Electricity Authority (1955–1957), which had in turn replaced the British Electricity Authority (1948–1955).  The Electricity Council was also established in January 1958, as the coordinating and policy-making body for the British electricity supply industry.
Byzantine fault
A Byzantine fault is a condition of a system, particularly a distributed computing system, where a fault occurs such that different symptoms are presented to different observers, including imperfect information on whether a system component has failed. The term takes its name from an allegory, the "Byzantine generals problem", developed to describe a situation in which, to avoid catastrophic failure of a system, the system's actors must agree on a strategy, but some of these actors are unreliable in  a way which causes other (good) actors to disagree on the strategy and they may be unaware of the disagreement.

A Byzantine fault is also known as a Byzantine generals problem, a Byzantine agreement problem, or a Byzantine failure.

Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) is the resilience of a fault-tolerant computer system or similar system to such conditions.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Jahorina
Jahorina (Serbian Cyrillic: Јахорина, pronounced [jâxɔrina]) is a mountain in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located at the tripoint of the municipalities of Pale, Trnovo, Republika Srpska and Trnovo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Part of the Dinaric Alps, it borders Mount Trebević. Its highest peak Ogorjelica has a summit elevation of 1,916 metres (6,286 ft), making it the second-highest of Sarajevo's mountains, after Bjelašnica at 2,067 m (6,781 ft).

The Jahorina ski resort located on the mountain hosted the women's alpine skiing events of the 1984 Winter Olympics.

Trnovo, Republika Srpska
Trnovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Трново) is a municipality of the city of Istočno Sarajevo, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

As of 2013, the municipality had a population of 2,050 inhabitants. The town itself had a total population of 1,023, with 956 of them living in the Republika Srpska part and 67 in the Federation part.

It consists of roughly one third of the pre-war municipality of Trnovo. Roughly two thirds of the pre-war Trnovo municipality is now part of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity.
Montmollin
Montmollin is a former municipality in the district of Val-de-Ruz in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Boudevilliers, Cernier, Chézard-Saint-Martin, Coffrane, Dombresson, Engollon, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Fontainemelon, Fontaines, Les Geneveys-sur-Coffrane, Les Hauts-Geneveys, Montmollin, Le Pâquier, Savagnier and Villiers merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Val-de-Ruz.

Savagnier
Savagnier is a former municipality, in the district of Val-de-Ruz, in the canton of Neuchâtel, in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Boudevilliers, Cernier, Chézard-Saint-Martin, Coffrane, Dombresson, Engollon, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Fontainemelon, Fontaines, Les Geneveys-sur-Coffrane, Les Hauts-Geneveys, Montmollin, Le Pâquier, Savagnier and Villiers merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Val-de-Ruz.
First Convention of the Industrial Workers of the World
When Bill Haywood used a board to gavel to order the first convention of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), he announced, "this is the Continental Congress of the working class. We are here to confederate the workers of this country into a working class movement that shall have for its purpose the emancipation of the working class..."

American Labor Union
The American Labor Union (ALU) was a radical labor organization launched as the Western Labor Union (WLU) in 1898. The organization was established by the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) in an effort to build a federation of trade unions in the aftermath of the failed Leadville Miners' Strike of 1896. The group changed its name from WLU to the more familiar ALU moniker in 1902 at its fifth annual convention. The group had a peak membership of about 43,000 — of which 27,000 were members of the WFM. The ALU was a precursor to the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), established in 1905, which effectively terminated it.
Device Keys
Device Keys play a role in the cryptographic key management procedure in the Advanced Access Content System (AACS) specification. This specification defines a method for protecting audiovisual entertainment content, including high-definition content.

Advanced Access Content System
The Advanced Access Content System (AACS) is a standard for content distribution and digital rights management, intended to restrict access to and copying of the post-DVD generation of optical discs. The specification was publicly released in April 2005. The standard has been adopted as the access restriction scheme for HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc (BD). It is developed by Advanced Access Content System Licensing Administrator, LLC (AACS LA), a consortium that includes Disney, Intel, Microsoft, Panasonic, Warner Bros., IBM, Toshiba and Sony. AACS has been operating under an "interim agreement" since the final specification (including provisions for Managed Copy) has not yet been finalized.

Since appearing in devices in 2006, several AACS decryption keys have been extracted from software players and published on the Internet, allowing decryption by unlicensed software.
2025 Women's National Invitation Tournament
The 2025 Women's National Invitation Tournament was a single-elimination tournament of 48 NCAA Division I women's college basketball teams that were not selected for the field of the 2025 Women's NCAA Tournament or the 2025 WBIT. The tournament committee announced the 48-team field on March 16, following the selection of the fields for the NCAA tournament and WBIT.

2025 Women's Basketball Invitation Tournament
The 2025 Women's Basketball Invitation Tournament (WBIT) was a single-elimination tournament of 32 NCAA Division I women's college basketball teams not selected to participate in the 2025 NCAA tournament. The tournament began on March 20 and ended on April 2. The first three rounds were played on the campuses of various schools, and the semifinal and championship games were played at Hinkle Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.

The Minnesota Golden Gophers won the 2025 WBIT over the Belmont Bruins. Minnesota was the sole Big Ten team invited to the 2025 WBIT.
Kafr Malik
Kafr Malik (Arabic: كفر مالك) is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of the State of Palestine, located 17 kilometers Northeast of Ramallah in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of 2,946 inhabitants in 2017.

Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate
31°55′59″N 35°12′18″E﻿ / ﻿31.933°N 35.205°E﻿ / 31.933; 35.205

The Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate (Arabic: محافظة رام الله والبيرة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Rām Allāh wa l Bīra) is one of 16  governorates of Palestine. It covers a large part of the central West Bank, on the northern border of the Jerusalem Governorate. Its district capital or muhfaza (seat) is the city of al-Bireh.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the district had a population of 279,730 in 2007. Laila Ghannam serves as governor, the first woman in this role.
Eurico Dias Nogueira
Eurico Dias Nogueira  (6 March 1923 – 19 May 2014)  was a Portuguese Prelate of Catholic Church.

Nogueira was born in Dornelas do Zêzere, Portugal and was ordained a priest on 22 December 1945. Nogueira was appointed bishop to the Diocese of Vila Cabral on 10 July 1964 and ordained bishop on 6 December 1964. Nogueira was then appointed bishop of the Diocese of Sá da Bandeira on 19 February 1972 and resigned from the position on 3 February 1977. Nogueira's final appointment was to Archbishop-Primate of the Archdiocese of Braga and he retired as archbishop on 5 June 1999.

Archdiocese of Lubango
The Archdiocese of Lubango (Latin: Archidioecesis Lubangensis) is the Metropolitan See for the ecclesiastical province of Lubango in Angola. The cathedral of the archdiocese is the Cathedral of St. Joseph, Lubango.