hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rubbery Figures
Rubbery Figures was a satirical rubber puppet series and segment that screened in Australia in various forms from 1984 to 1990. The series ran on the ABC until 1988, when it was axed and subsequently revived as a segment on Seven Network's Fast Forward in April 1989. It featured puppets of major political and social characters.

Fast Forward (Australian TV series)
Fast Forward was an Australian sketch comedy TV series, broadcast from April 1989 to November 1992. The show was produced by Steve Vizard, who was also the executive producer, writer, and performer. It starred Jane Turner, Gina Riley, Magda Szubanski, Marg Downey, Michael Veitch, and many others, along with numerous guests and supporting stars.

Fast Forward was succeeded by the related series Full Frontal, and subsequently Totally Full Frontal, which were broadcast from 1993 to 1999.
Biyang County
Biyang County (simplified Chinese: 泌阳县; traditional Chinese: 泌陽縣; pinyin: Bìyáng Xiàn) is a county of Zhumadian city in southern Henan province, People's Republic of China. It borders Queshan to the east, Tongbai to the north, Tanghe to the west, Luohe to the north, Sheqi and Nanyang to the northwest. Population was 950,000 in 2002. Area is 2,682 km2 (1,036 sq mi).

Zhumadian
Zhumadian (simplified Chinese: 驻马店; traditional Chinese: 駐馬店; pinyin: Zhùmǎdiàn; postal: Chumatien) is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, China. It borders Xinyang to the south, Nanyang to the west, Pingdingshan to the northwest, Luohe to the north, Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province of Anhui to the east.

As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 7,008,427 inhabitants whom 1,466,913 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Yicheng District and Suiping County now conurbated.

It was once the center of the Cai state during the Eastern Zhou era. The state leaves its name in several of the subdivisions including Shangcai County and Xincai County.
March of Istria
The March of Istria, or the Margraviate of Istria (German: Markgrafschaft Istrien) was a historical frontier county, or march centered on the Istrian peninsula. It was established after the Carolingian conquest at the end of the 8th century, and continued to exist in various territorial scopes and administrative forms within the Holy Roman Empire, consequently becoming integrated into the Austrian Kingdom of Illyria, and the Austrian Littoral. In time it lost its most western (coastal) regions, that became part of the Venetian Istria, while the Istrian frontier county, or march was reduced to central and eastern parts of the Istrian peninsula. Those regions were reintegrated after 1797, and the reunited Istrian march was finally abolished in 1918.

Duchy of Merania
The Duchy of Merania was a fiefdom of the Holy Roman Empire from 1152 until 1248. The dukes of Merania were recognised as princes of the Empire enjoying imperial immediacy at a time when these concepts were just coming into use to distinguish the highest ranks of imperial nobility.

The name "Merania" ("sea-land") comes from either the High German word for sea, meer or the Slavic word for the same, morje (both cognate with Latin mare). The name literally means "land by the sea" (am Meer), referring to its location on the Adriatic.
Colle Umberto
Colle Umberto (Venetian: Cołe Unberto) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region Veneto, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Venice and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Treviso.

Colle Umberto borders the following municipalities: Cappella Maggiore, Conegliano, Cordignano, Godega di Sant'Urbano, San Fior, Vittorio Veneto.

The town's most visited place is the Villa Verecondi Scortecci owned by an old upper-class Venetian family.

Godega di Sant'Urbano
Godega di Sant'Urbano (Italian: [ˈɡoːdeɡa di santurˈbaːno]), also known simply as Godega (Venetian: Gódega [ˈɡodeɡa]), is a comune (municipality) in the province of Treviso, in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Venice and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Treviso.

Godega di Sant'Urbano borders the following municipalities: Codogné, Colle Umberto, Cordignano, Gaiarine, Orsago, San Fior.
Uudam
Uudam Sonam, also Wudamu (Chinese: 乌达木; Уудам in Mongolian Cyrillic; born September 9, 1999) is a Chinese singer of Mongol ethnicity, who participated in the 2011 season of China's Got Talent. He is also a former member of the Hulunbuir Children's Choir.

Mongols in China
Mongols in China, also known as Mongolian Chinese or Chinese Mongols, are ethnic Mongols who live in China. They are one of the 56 ethnic groups recognized by the Chinese government.

As of 2020, there are 6,290,204 Mongols in China, a 0.45% increase from the 2010 national census. Most of them live in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang and Qinghai. The Mongol population in China is nearly twice as much as that of the sovereign state of Mongolia.
Large-billed leaf warbler
The large-billed leaf warbler (Phylloscopus magnirostris) is a species of migratory leaf warbler (family Phylloscopidae) found in Asia.

This is a somewhat large leaf warbler with a single wing bar and a prominent yellowish-whitesupercilium. A contrasting broad and dark eye stripe extending behind the eye, a large darkish upper mandible and a distinctive call set it apart from most other leaf warblers in its range. It has a dark crown and greyish ear-coverts. It can be confused with an Arctic warbler.

Breeding in central China and the Himalayas, it winters in Sri Lanka, the Western Ghats and associated hill ranges. It is found in dense vegetation. It has also been observed in urban areas on occasion.

It is more often heard than seen. The two note dir-tee call with the second note much higher is distinctive. Another call is a single faint note followed by a series of paired-notes descending evenly. They call often and at regular intervals.

Leaf warbler
Leaf warblers are small insectivorous passerine birds belonging to the genus Phylloscopus.

Leaf warblers were formerly included in the Old World warbler family but are now considered to belong to the family Phylloscopidae, introduced in 2006. The family originally included the genus Seicercus, but all species have been moved to Phylloscopus in the most recent classification. Leaf warblers are active, constantly moving, often flicking their wings as they glean the foliage for insects along the branches of trees and bushes. They forage at various levels within forests, from the top canopy to the understorey. Most of the species are markedly territorial both in their summer and winter quarters. Most are greenish or brownish above and off-white or yellowish below. Compared to some other "warblers", their songs are very simple. Species breeding in temperate regions are usually strongly migratory.
Tonawanda Reservation
The Tonawanda Indian Reservation (Seneca: Ta:nöwöde') is an Indian reservation of the Tonawanda Seneca Nation located in western New York, United States. The band is a federally recognized tribe and, in the 2010 census, had 693 people living on the reservation.  The reservation lies mostly in Genesee County, extending into Erie and Niagara counties. It is bordered by the Towns of Alabama, Pembroke, Newstead, and Royalton.

The Tonawanda Reservation is also known as the Tonawanda Creek Reservation. Currently, it has more than a half dozen businesses located on Bloomingdale Road within the reservation.  Several sell untaxed, low-price cigarettes and gasoline. Other businesses sell Seneca craft goods, groceries, and prepared food.

Royalton, New York
Royalton is a town in Niagara County, New York, United States.  The population was 7,660 at the 2010 census.

The Town of Royalton  is in the southeast corner of the county and is east of the City of Niagara Falls.
Gafur Rakhimov
Gafur Rakhimov (Uzbek: G'ofur-Arslanbek Ahmetovich Rahimov) (born July 22, 1951) is an Uzbek businessman and sports administrator who was the president of the International Boxing Association (AIBA) for 20 months until his resignation in July 2019.

Salim Abduvaliev
Salim Kirgizbaevich Abduvaliev (Uzbek: Салим Қирғизбоевич Абдувалиев, born in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR in 1950) is an Uzbek businessman and film producer who serves as the current Vice President of the National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In 2015 as film producer, he was awarded the "Do’stlik" State Prize of Uzbekistan and the "XVI Ludwig Nobel Prize" in 2022. He popularly is known as "Salimboyvachcha" and is alleged to have ties to the Brothers' Circle.
Eurysternus
Eurysternus is a genus of Scarabaeinae or dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae. It is normally placed in the Oniticellini, although some authors consider it the single genus in the tribe Eurysternini (e.g.). It is restricted to the Neotropics and includes 53 recognized species.

They have a characteristic nesting strategy among dung beetles, with brood ball elaboration but no ball rolling behaviour.

The species in the genus are present from Mexico to Argentina, but highest diversity is found the Amazon basin, the Andes and Central America. Species distribution is affected primarily by annual mean temperature and annual precipitation. The species with wide climatic niches would primarily inhabit the rainiest and coldest locations in the continent.

Scarabaeinae
The scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae consists of species collectively called true dung beetles (there are also dung beetles in other subfamilies and families). Most of the beetles of this subfamily feed exclusively on dung. However, some may feed on decomposing matter including carrion, decaying fruits and fungi. Dung beetles can be placed into three structural guilds based on their method of dung processing namely rollers (telecoprids), dwellers (endocoprids) and tunnelers (paracoprids). Dung removal and burial by dung beetles result in ecological benefits such as soil aeration and fertilization; improved nutrient cycling and uptake by plants, increase in pasture quality, biological control of pest flies and intestinal parasites and secondary seed dispersal. Well-known members include the genera Scarabaeus and Sisyphus, and Phanaeus vindex.
Cuscuta reflexa
Cuscuta reflexa, the giant dodder  or ulan ulan, is one of about 220 species in genus Cuscuta, in the family Convolvulaceae. It is common in the Indian subcontinent and the Greater Himalayas and as far south as Malaysia and Indonesia. This parasitic plant species is a leafless twined sprawling thin vine that grows over a host plant, including large trees. It will make garlands hanging down from tree canopies as long as 10 metres (33 ft). The flowers are small, bell shaped and white with yellow filaments.

Cuscuta
Cuscuta (/kʌsˈkjuːtə/), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae, on the basis of the work of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The genus is found throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the world, with the greatest species diversity in subtropical and tropical regions; the genus becomes rare in cool temperate climates, with only four species native to northern Europe.

Folk names include strangle tare, strangleweed, scaldweed, beggarweed, lady's laces, fireweed, wizard's net, devil's guts, devil's hair, devil's ringlet, goldthread, hailweed, hairweed, hellbine, love vine, pull-down, angel hair, and witch's hair.
John Glenister
John Glenister (12 October 1932 – November 2024) was an English television director. His credits included The Six Wives of Henry VIII, Emma, Rumpole of the Bailey, Play for Today, Dennis Potter's 1971 biopic of Casanova, Marie Curie, A Touch of Frost, Alan Plater's On Your Way, Riley, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates and A Bit of a Do.

Glenister died in November 2024, at the age of 92. His sons, Robert Glenister (born 1960) and Philip Glenister (born 1963), became actors.

Robert Glenister
Robert Lewis Glenister (born 11 March 1960) is an English actor. He is best known for his television roles as Ash "Three Socks" Morgan in the crime drama series Hustle (2004–2012) and Nicholas Blake in the spy drama series Spooks (2006–2010).
Scotland B national rugby union team
The Scotland national B rugby union team was one of several national rugby union teams behind the Scottish national side. It was largely used as a development side and began in the era when Scotland had little in the way of an age-grade pathway.

It has now been disbanded - having been supplanted by the age-grade national teams; and the Scotland 'A' side. However the 'B' side was not the same as the 'A' side; and for a period between 1990 and 1992 Scotland ran both 'A' and 'B' international sides. Players such as Cameron Glasgow and Ian Jardine have 'A' and 'B' caps.

Emerging Scotland
Emerging Scotland is a Scottish international rugby union team that represents Scotland in selected matches, tours and competitions. Composed of Scotland qualified players only, mostly uncapped or at the beginning of their careers, it forms part of the development pathway to the senior Scotland team. It is not to be confused with the Scotland 'A', the national 'A' team which competes and is a level below the national side but with no age restrictions, nor with the Scotland U-20s with strict age limits that competes in the Under-20 Six Nations and Rugby World Cup.
North Sydney Boys High School
North Sydney Boys' High School (abbreviated as NSBHS) is a government-funded, single-sex, academically selective secondary day school for boys, located at Crows Nest, on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Since 2023, North Sydney Boys' High School has ranked 1st in the state based on HSC results, overtaking James Ruse Agricultural High School which had held the position since 1996.

Selective school (New South Wales)
Selective schools in New South Wales, Australia are government high schools operated by the New South Wales Department of Education that accept their students based upon their academic merit.

Each year, approximately 15,000 Year 6 students across the state of New South Wales optionally undertake the Selective High School Placement Test to seek one of the 3,600 places offered for first-year entry into selective high schools. For Year 8 to Year 12 entry into selective schools, students do not take an external test, however they can apply directly to a school for entry. The application package is standard to all government selective schools, with internal selection committees considering applications each year during August or September.
Ossineke, Michigan
Ossineke is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Alpena County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 932 at the 2020 census. The community is located within Sanborn Township, several miles south of Alpena on U.S. Highway 23.

The name is derived from the Anishinaabe word (either the Ojibwa or the Ottawa)
zhingaabewasiniigigaabawaad, meaning "Where the image stones stood", though the modern Anishinaabe name for the place is asiniike, meaning "to quarry".

Alpena, Michigan
Alpena (/ælˈpiːnə/ al-PEE-nə) is the only city in and the county seat of Alpena County, Michigan, United States. The population was 10,197 at the 2020 census, making it the third most populated city in the Northern Michigan region, after Traverse City and Cadillac. The city is surrounded by Alpena Township, but the two are administered autonomously. It is the core city of the Alpena micropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Alpena County and had a total population of 28,907 at the 2020 census.

Alpena is located at the head of Thunder Bay, a bay of Lake Huron. Offshore of Alpena is the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary, which protects an estimated 116 historically significant shipwrecks. Alpena is the second-largest American city on Lake Huron, behind Port Huron.
Monroe Systems for Business
Monroe Systems for Business is an American privately-owned corporation devoted to electric calculators, printers, and office accessories such as paper shredders to business clients. Originally known as the Monroe Calculating Machine Company, it was founded in 1912 by Jay Randolph Monroe as a maker of adding machines and calculators based on a machine designed by Frank Stephen Baldwin.  It was later known as Monroe THE Calculator Company, and Monroe Division of Litton Industries.

Monrobot XI
The Monroe Calculating Machine Mark XI (or Monrobot XI) was a general-purpose stored-program electronic digital computer introduced in 1960 by the Monroe Calculating Machine Division of Litton Industries. The system was marketed for "primarily for billing, and invoice writing", but could also be used for low-end scientific computing.: 6B (24)

The computer had an unusual architecture, in that all data flowed through a central spinning drum magnetic memory. This enabled a low hardware cost, with the tradeoff of low-speed performance. The machine was marketed as an entry-level computer suitable for small businesses.
Grenadier Models Inc.
Grenadier Models Inc. of  Springfield, Pennsylvania produced lead miniature figures for wargames and role-playing games with fantasy, science fiction and heroic themes between 1975 and 1996. Grenadier Models Inc. is best known for their figures for TSR, Inc.'s Advanced Dungeons & Dragons game, collectible Dragon-of-the-Month and Giants Club figures, and their marketing of paint and miniature sets through traditional retail outlets.

The company began as a basement enterprise, but by 1983 they had grown to a staff of 50 people and had the third highest gross sales in the expanding gaming market. Grenadier's sculptors included John Dennett, Janine Bennett, Julie Guthrie,  Nick Lund, Mark Copplestone, Michael Daley, Sandra Garrity, Bob Naismith, William Watt and Ian Symonds. Grenadier closed its doors in 1996, but many of their products remain in production by companies in the UK, Italy and the United States.

Call of Cthulhu (role-playing game)
Call of Cthulhu is a horror fiction role-playing game based on H. P. Lovecraft's story of the same name and the associated Cthulhu Mythos. The game, often abbreviated as CoC, is published by Chaosium; it was first released in 1981 and is in its seventh edition, with licensed foreign language editions available as well. Its game system is based on Chaosium's Basic Role-Playing (BRP) with additions for the horror genre. These include special rules for sanity and luck.
Holdingford, Minnesota
Holdingford is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, Holdingford had a population of 743. It calls itself "The Gateway to Lake Wobegon", the fictional central Minnesota town created by Garrison Keillor.

Holdingford is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Stearns County, Minnesota
Stearns County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,292. Its county seat and largest city is St. Cloud.

Included within the Minnesota Territory since 1849, the county was founded by European Americans in 1855. It was originally named for Isaac Ingalls Stevens, then renamed for Charles Thomas Stearns. Stearns County is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Combined Statistical Area.
Natural genetic engineering
Natural genetic engineering (NGE) is a class of process proposed by molecular biologist James A. Shapiro to account for novelty created in the course of biological evolution. Shapiro developed this work in several peer-reviewed publications from 1992 onwards, and later in his 2011 book Evolution: A View from the 21st Century, which has been updated with a second edition in 2022. He uses NGE to account for several proposed counterexamples to the central dogma of molecular biology (Francis Crick's proposal of 1957 that the direction of the flow of sequence information is only from nucleic acid to proteins, and never the reverse). Shapiro drew from work as diverse as the adaptivity of the mammalian immune system, ciliate macronuclei and epigenetics. The work gained some measure of notoriety after being championed by proponents of Intelligent Design, despite Shapiro's explicit repudiation of that movement.

James A. Shapiro
James Alan Shapiro (born May 18, 1943) is an American biologist, an expert in bacterial genetics and a professor emeritus in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Chicago.
Fritz W. Alexander II
Fritz Winfred Alexander II (born Carl Bernard Zanders Jr., April 24, 1926 – April 22, 2000) was an American judge who served as an Associate Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1985 to 1992, and a deputy mayor of New York from 1992 to 1993. Alexander was the first black judge to serve a full term on the Court of Appeals. Fritz Alexander was a part of the Harlem Clubhouse headed by J. Raymond Jones

He died of cancer on April 22, 2000, in Manhattan at age 73.

J. Raymond Jones
John Raymond Jones (November 19, 1899 – June 9, 1991), known as "The Harlem Fox", was a Danish-born American Democratic Party politician who served on the New York City Council from 1963 to 1969. As the founder and longtime leader of the George Washington Carver Democratic Club, the leading political machine in majority Black Harlem, Jones was a political mentor and patron to two generations of Black Harlem political leaders, including Adam Clayton Powell Jr., Constance Baker Motley, Robert C. Weaver, David Dinkins, Basil A. Paterson, Charles Rangel, and Percy Sutton. He was eventually succeeded by the "Gang of Four", consisting of Dinkins, Paterson, Rangel, and Sutton.

Though he had long been a critic of Tammany Hall under Irish-American and Italian-American leadership, Jones became Tammany's last leader from 1964 to 1967, when the organization was dissolved.
Epsilon Indi
Epsilon Indi, Latinized from ε Indi, is a star system located at a distance of approximately 12 light-years from Earth in the southern constellation of Indus. The star has an orange hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.674. It consists of a K-type main-sequence star, ε Indi A, and two brown dwarfs, ε Indi Ba and ε Indi Bb, in a wide orbit around it. The brown dwarfs were discovered in 2003. ε Indi Ba is an early T dwarf (T1) and ε Indi Bb a late T dwarf (T6) separated by 0.6 arcseconds, with a projected distance of 1460 AU from their primary star.

ε Indi A has one known planet, ε Indi Ab, with a mass of 6.31 Jupiter masses in an elliptical orbit with a period of about 171.3 years. ε Indi Ab is the second-closest Jovian exoplanet, after ε Eridani b. The ε Indi system provides a benchmark case for the study of the formation of gas giants and brown dwarfs.

K-type main-sequence star
A K-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars are intermediate in size between red dwarfs and yellow dwarfs, hence the term orange dwarfs often applied to this type.
Mantostaan
Mantostaan (transl. Manto's land) is a 2017 Indian film directed by Rahhat Shah Kazmi. The film is based on the four short stories of the Urdu writer Saadat Hasan Manto - "Thanda Gosht", "Khol Do", "Assignment", and "Akhiri Salute".

Thanda Gosht
Thanda Gosht (Urdu: ٹھنڈا گوشت ALA-LC: Ṭhanḍā Gos̱ẖt IPA: [ʈʰənɖɑː ɡoːʃt̪], English: Cold Flesh) is a short story written by Saadat Hasan Manto. The book was first published in a literary magazine in March 1950 in Pakistan. Later it was published by Sang-e-Meel Publications. Manto was charged with obscenity for this story and faced a trial in a criminal court.