hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beaver Lake (Montreal)
The Beaver Lake (French: Lac aux Castors) is an artificial basin fitted in 1938 on a former swamp located on Mount Royal, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was designed by architect Frederick Todd.

It takes its name from an old beaver dam discovered during the work.

Mount Royal
Mount Royal (French: Mont Royal, IPA: [mɔ̃ ʁwajal]) is a mountain in the city of Montreal, immediately west of Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The city's name is derived from its name.

The mountain is part of the Monteregian Hills situated between the Laurentians and the Appalachian Mountains. It gave its Latin name, Mons Regius, to the Monteregian chain. The mountain consists of three peaks: Colline de la Croix (or Mont Royal proper) at 233 m (764 ft), Colline d'Outremont (or Mount Murray, in the borough of Outremont) at 211 m (692 ft), and Westmount Summit at 201 m (659 ft) elevation above mean sea level.
Isthmus Bay
Isthmus Bay is a natural bay on the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is a sub-bay of St. George's Bay and is flanked by the town of Port-au-Port. It is separated from Port au Port Bay by two narrow gravel isthmi.

St. George's Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador)
St. George's Bay - informally referred to as Bay St. George due to its French translation Baie St-George - is a large bay in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.  It is located on the west coast of the island of Newfoundland and comprises a sub-basin of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The estimated population of the entire bay is 16,000, based on the demographic data of each community.

The bay measures approximately 64 kilometres (40 mi) wide at its mouth, between Cape Anguille in the south, and Cape St. George in the north.  Its northern shore measures approximately 60 km (37 mi) in length from the head of the bay at Stephenville Crossing to Cape St. George, located at the western tip of the Port au Port Peninsula.  The southern shore measures approximately 100 km (62 mi) from Stephenville Crossing to Cape Anguille.

Communities along the shoreline of St. George's Bay include (from northwest to east to southwest):
Britannia (cyclecar)
The Britannia was a British 4-wheeled cyclecar made in 1913 and 1914 by Britannia Engineering Co. Ltd based in Nottingham.

The car was powered by an air-cooled, two-cylinder, two-stroke engine driving the rear wheels by a four-speed gearbox and belts. It cost GBP85.

Cyclecar
A cyclecar was a type of small, lightweight and inexpensive motorized car manufactured in Europe and the United States between 1910 and the early 1920s. The purpose of cyclecars was to fill a gap in the market between the motorcycle and the car. It could accommodate only two passengers, often sitting in tandem.

The demise of cyclecars was due to larger cars – such as the Citroën Type C, Austin 7 and Morris Cowley – becoming more affordable. Small, inexpensive vehicles reappeared after World War II, and were known as microcars.
Johannis Winar
Johannis "Ahang" Winar (born 24 December 1970) is an Indonesian basketball coach and former player. He is currently serving as assistant coach of Pelita Jaya Bakrie of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL) and the Indonesia national team.

Anhang is a five-time IBL champion, three times as a player and twice as head coach. He further holds several PERBASI Cup titles.

Prawira Bandung
Prawira Harum Bandung is an Indonesian professional basketball club based in the city of Bandung, West Java province. It was founded by Lilian Wijaya in 1991 as Hadtex Indosyntec. Facing financial issues over the last month, in August 4, 2025 Prawira merged with Satria Muda Pertamina.

The club was a member of the Perbasi's top division from 1994 to 2002 and has played in the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL) since 2003. They won championships in 1994, 1997, 1998, and the IBL in 2023.
Slappy
Slappy is the second EP by American rock band Green Day. It was released in 1990 through Lookout! Records. Upon its release, several different colors of vinyl were available in limited quantities. Frontman and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong cited the extended play as the one on which Green Day began to find its sound. The dog on the cover was known as Mickey. "Slappy" was a nickname given to him by bassist Mike Dirnt's friend Jason Relva (the subject of Green Day's later song J.A.R.). The EP includes one cover, "Knowledge", which was originally by influential California punk band Operation Ivy. All four tracks were later included on the compilation album 1,039/Smoothed Out Slappy Hours in 1991.

John Kiffmeyer
John Kiffmeyer (born July 11, 1969), also known professionally as Al Sobrante, is an American cinematographer and retired musician and songwriter. He is the former drummer for the punk rock band Green Day, leaving in 1990 and replaced by Tré Cool. His stage name is a reference to his hometown, El Sobrante.: 12
Hemberg, St. Gallen
Hemberg is a former municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2023 the former municipalities of Hemberg and Oberhelfenschwil merged into the new municipality of Neckertal.

Toggenburg
Toggenburg (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈtɔɡn̩ˌbʊrɡ] ⓘ) is a region of Switzerland. It corresponds to the upper valley of the River Thur and that of the Necker, one of its afluents. Since 1 January 2003, Toggenburg has been a constituency (Wahlkreis) of the canton of St. Gallen (SFOS number 1727).
Maeve Brennan
Maeve Brennan (6 January 1917 – 1 November 1993) was an Irish short story writer and journalist. She moved to the United States in 1934 when her father was assigned by the Department of Foreign Affairs to the Irish Legation in Washington, D.C. She was an important figure in both Irish diaspora writing and in Irish literature itself. Collections of her articles, short stories, and a novella have been published.

William Keepers Maxwell Jr.
William Keepers Maxwell Jr. (August 16, 1908 – July 31, 2000) was an American editor, novelist, short story writer, essayist, children's author, and memoirist.  He served as a fiction editor at The New Yorker from 1936 to 1975.  An editor devoted to his writers, Maxwell became a mentor and confidant to many authors.
Qianhaiwan station
Qianhaiwan station (simplified Chinese: 前海湾站; traditional Chinese: 前海灣站; pinyin: Qiánháiwān Zhàn; Jyutping: Cin4 Hoi2 Waan1 Zaam6) is a station on Line 1, Line 5 and Line 11 of the Shenzhen Metro in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Line 1 platforms opened on 15 June 2011, Line 5 platforms opened on 22 June 2011, and Line 11 platforms opened on 28 June 2016. Qianhaiwan Station is located under Chenwen Road in Shenzhen's Nanshan District.

Line 5 (Shenzhen Metro)
Line 5 (formerly branded as the Huanzhong line) of the Shenzhen Metro runs West–East from Chiwan to Grand Theater forming an arc around central Shenzhen. It opened on 22 June 2011. Line 5 is an important east west and orbital line that connects various sub-centers of Shenzhen. This led to Line 5 being heavily used. In 2014, average daily ridership exceeded 500,000 people, with over 1 million passengers using the line on 20 July 2018, setting a new record. Since 2019, Line 5 has surpassed Line 1 as the busiest line in the Shenzhen Metro network. By 2021, the line regularly carries well over 1 million passengers every day and reaching the predicted long term daily passenger volume.
Stribeck curve
The Stribeck curve is a fundamental concept in the field of tribology. It shows that friction in fluid-lubricated contacts is a non-linear function of the contact load, the lubricant viscosity and the lubricant entrainment speed. The discovery and underlying research is usually attributed to Richard Stribeck and Mayo D. Hersey, who studied friction in journal bearings for railway wagon applications during the first half of the 20th century; however, other researchers have arrived at similar conclusions before. The mechanisms along the Stribeck curve have been in parts also understood today on the atomistic level.

Tribology
Tribology is the science and engineering of understanding friction, lubrication and wear phenomena for interacting surfaces in relative motion. It is highly interdisciplinary, drawing on many academic fields, including physics, chemistry, materials science, mathematics, biology and engineering. The fundamental objects of study in tribology are tribosystems, which are physical systems of contacting surfaces. Subfields of tribology include biotribology, nanotribology and space tribology. It is also related to other areas such as the coupling of corrosion and tribology in tribocorrosion and the contact mechanics of how surfaces in contact deform.
Approximately 20% of the total energy expenditure of the world is due to the impact of friction and wear in the transportation, manufacturing, power generation, and residential sectors.
Siege of the Sogdian Rock
The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana (near Samarkand), ruled by Arimazes, was captured by the forces of Alexander the Great in the early spring of 327 BC as part of his conquest of the Achaemenid Empire.

Arrian
Arrian of Nicomedia (/ˈæriən/; Greek: Ἀρριανός Arrianos; Latin: Lucius Flavius Arrianus; c. 86/89 – c. after 146/160 AD) was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander, and philosopher of the Roman period.

The Anabasis of Alexander by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great. Scholars have generally preferred Arrian to other extant primary sources, though this attitude has changed somewhat in light of modern studies into Arrian's method.
EMP2 platform
The EMP2 (Efficient Modular Platform) is a modular car platform which is jointly developed and used by French car manufacturer PSA Group (merged into Stellantis since 2021) for compact and mid-size cars with front wheel drive or four wheel drive and transverse engine. It replaces the PF2 and PF3 platforms in one combined modular platform, and cost PSA €630 million to develop.

Peugeot 5008
The Peugeot 5008 is a series of automobiles produced by the French manufacturer Peugeot since 2009. Originally a compact MPV in classification, since 2017, it was reclassified as a mid-size crossover SUV. Five- and seven-seat versions have been available and its engine range is the same as that used in the Peugeot 3008.
Nuxis
Nuxis (Sardinian: [ˈnuʒizi], Italian: [ˈnuːʒis]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sulcis Iglesiente in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Cagliari and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Carbonia.

Nuxis borders the following municipalities: Assemini, Narcao, Santadi, Siliqua, Villaperuccio.

Villaperuccio
Villaperuccio (Sardinian: Sa Baronia) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sulcis Iglesiente in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Cagliari and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southeast of Carbonia, in the lower Sulcis.

Villaperuccio borders the municipalities of Narcao, Nuxis, Perdaxius, Piscinas, Santadi, and Tratalias. Its territory includes the pre-Nuragic necropolis of Montessu, some 40 nuraghe and the menhir site of is perdas croccadas.
1992 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1992 was the 106th staging of Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition. Kilkenny won the championship, beating Cork 3–10 to 1–12 in the final at Croke Park, Dublin.

1992 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1992 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 105th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1992 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 6 September 1992, between Kilkenny and Cork. The Munster champions lost to their Leinster opponents on a score line of 3–10 to 1–12.
Redman (rapper)
Reginald Noble (born April 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Redman, is an American rapper and record producer. He rose to fame in the early 1990s as an artist on Def Jam Recordings.

He is well known for his collaborations with his close friend Method Man, as one-half of the rap duo Method Man & Redman including their starring roles in films and sitcoms which include How High and Method and Red.  He was also a member of the Def Squad in the late 1990s.

El Niño (Def Squad album)
El Niño is the only studio album by American hip-hop group Def Squad, composed of rappers Redman, Erick Sermon and Keith Murray. It was released on June 30, 1998, via Def Jam Recordings. The recording sessions took place at Mirror Image Recordings in Dix Hills, New York. The album was produced by Erick Sermon and Redman. It features guest appearances from Biz Markie, Mally G, Too $hort, and the Drama Squad.

The album reached number two on the Billboard 200 and number-one spot on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States. It was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on July 29, 1998. Its lead single, "Full Cooperation", peaked at No. 51 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, at No. 11 on the Hot Canadian Digital Song Sales, at No. 63 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay. The song "Countdown" was released as promotional single. The song "Ride Wit Us" later appeared on Keith Murray's third album It's a Beautiful Thing.
Ali ibn Makula
Abū Naṣr Alī ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Ja'far ibn Allakān ibn Muḥammad ibn Dulaf ibn Abī Dulaf al-Qāsim ibn 'Īsā al-Ijlī, surnamed Sa’d al-Muluk and known as Ibn Mākūlā (Arabic: ابن ماكولا; 1030/31–1082/83) was a highly regarded Arab muḥaddith (Ḥadīth scholar) and historian who authored several works. His magnum opus was his biographical-genealogical history on etymology and orthography of Islamic names, Al-Ikmāl.

Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Thābit ibn Aḥmad ibn Māhdī al-Shāfiʿī, commonly known as al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī (Arabic: الخطيب البغدادي) or "the lecturer from Baghdad" (10 May 1002 – 5 September 1071; 392 AH-463 AH), was an Iraqi Sunni Muslim scholar known for being one of the foremost hadith scholars and historians of his time. He is widely considered an important authority in hadith, fiqh and history.
Umkomaas
Umkomaas,  also known by its official name eMkhomazi, is a small coastal town on the subtropical South Coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa was formed when a harbour was built in 1861 to export sugar. The town rests beside the mouth of the navigable uMkhomazi River, also known as the Mkhomazi or Umkomaas. With the successful dredging of Durban harbour's sandbar and arrival of the railway, like Port Shepstone, the harbour fell into disuse, but the village came to life. It is administered as eMkhomazi Area, together with the nearby areas of Craigieburn, Clansthal, Ilfracombe, Crowder, Amahlongwa and Hull Valley  as part Ward 99 in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality

N2 (South Africa)
The N2 is a national route in South Africa that runs from Cape Town through George, Gqeberha, East London, Mthatha, Port Shepstone and Durban to Ermelo. It is the main highway along the Indian Ocean coast of the country. Its current length of 2,255 kilometres (1,401 mi) makes it the longest numbered route in South Africa.

Prior to 1970, the N2 designation only applied to the route from Cape Town to Durban.

There are plans to realign the N2 national route from Port Shepstone to Mthatha along a shorter stretch of road that passes through Port Edward, Lusikisiki and Port St. Johns.

The project was initially scheduled for completion in 2024 and is expected to reduce the length of the route by 85 kilometres (53 mi). Combined with the existing N2 route from Mthatha to East London, the realigned route will form the Wild Coast Toll Route.
Bornasco
Bornasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 km south of Milan and about 11 km northeast of Pavia.

Bornasco borders the following municipalities: Ceranova, Giussago, Lacchiarella, Lardirago, San Genesio ed Uniti, Sant'Alessio con Vialone, Siziano, Vidigulfo, Zeccone.

Zeccone
Zeccone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 km south of Milan and about 10 km northeast of Pavia.

Zeccone borders the following municipalities: Bornasco, Giussago, San Genesio ed Uniti.
No-dig gardening
No-dig gardening is a non-cultivation method used by some organic gardeners.

This technique recognizes that micro- and macro-biotic organisms constitute a "food web" community in the soil, necessary for the healthy cycling of nutrients and prevention of problematic organisms and diseases. The plants transfer a portion of the carbon energy they produce to the soil, and microbes that benefit from this energy in turn convert available organic substances in the soil to the mineral components the plants need to thrive.

Outline of organic gardening and farming
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to organic gardening and farming:

Organic farming – alternative agricultural system that relies on fertilizers of organic origin such as compost, manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation and companion planting. Biological pest control, mixed cropping and the fostering of insect predators are encouraged. Organic standards, in general, are intended to enable the use of naturally occurring compounds while restricting or strongly limiting the use of manufactured substances.
Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz
Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz is a village and a former municipality in the Vogtlandkreis district, in Saxony, Germany. Since 1 October 2009, along with Tannenbergsthal and Hammerbrücke, it is part of the municipality Muldenhammer.

Muldenhammer
Muldenhammer is a municipality in the Vogtlandkreis district, in Saxony, Germany. It was formed by the merger of the previously independent municipalities Hammerbrücke, Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz and Tannenbergsthal, on 1 October 2009. It consists of the Ortsteile (divisions) Gottesberg, Hammerbrücke, Jägersgrün, Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz, Schneckenstein and Tannenbergsthal.
North American B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American medium bomber that was introduced in 1941 and named in honor of Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, a pioneer of U.S. military aviation. Used by many Allied air forces, the B-25 served in every theater of World War II, and after the war ended, many remained in service, operating across four decades. Produced in numerous variants, nearly 10,000 B-25s were built. It was the most-produced American medium bomber and the third-most-produced American bomber overall. These included several limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainer, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber.

No. 19 (Netherlands East Indies) Squadron RAAF
19 Squadron ML-KNIL, also known as No. 19 (Netherlands East Indies) Squadron RAAF, was a transport and communications unit of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force (MK-KNIL), formed in Australia during the final stages of World War II. The squadron was formed as a Dutch unit in late 1944 from two transport flights that had previously been based in Brisbane and Melbourne, and which had run supplies to joint Australian-NEI combat squadrons in the Northern Territory and in West Papua. Upon formation the squadron was based at Archerfield, near Brisbane. In 1945, it was transferred to the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), but returned to Dutch control in 1947 and subsequently took part in operations during the Indonesian National Revolution.
François Béroalde de Verville
François Béroalde de Verville (27 April 1556 – 19–26 October 1626) was a French Renaissance novelist, poet and intellectual.  He was born in Paris, the son of Matthieu Brouard (or Brouart), called "Béroalde", a professor of Agrippa d'Aubigné and Pierre de l'Estoile and a Huguenot; his mother, Marie Bletz, was the niece of the humanist and Hebrew scholar François Vatable (called "Watebled").  At the time of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, his family fled to Geneva (1573), but Béroalde returned to Paris in 1581.  During the civil wars, Béroalde abjured Calvinism and joined the factions around Henri III of France (he may also have served in the army).  In 1589 he moved to Tours (the French parlement fled here from 1589-1594), and became chanoine (canon) of the cathedral chapter of Saint Gatien, Tours, where he remained until his death.

Matthieu Brouard
Matthieu Brouard was a French theologian, mathematician, philosopher and historian, who was born in Saint-Denis near Paris in 1520, and  died in Geneva on July 15, 1576. He is also known as Matthieu Brouart or Béroalde and (in Latin) as Mattheus Beroaldus.  He taught Greek to the young Thomas Bodley and was the father of François Béroalde de Verville.
Gmina Karsin
Gmina Karsin (Kashubian: Gmina Kôrsëno) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Karsin, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of Kościerzyna and 69 km (43 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 169.2 square kilometres (65.3 sq mi), and as of 2022 its total population was 6,173.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Wdydze Landscape Park.

Wdzydze Landscape Park
Wdzydze Landscape Park (Wdzydzki Park Krajobrazowy) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in northern Poland, established in 1983. It covers an area of 178.32 square kilometres (68.85 sq mi).

The Park lies within Pomeranian Voivodeship, in Kościerzyna County (Gmina Dziemiany, Gmina Karsin, Gmina Kościerzyna, Gmina Lipusz, Gmina Stara Kiszewa).

The Park (together with the Tuchola, Wda and Zaborski Landscape Parks) forms the buffer zone of the Tuchola Forest Biosphere Reserve, designated under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme in 2010. The core area of the Biosphere Reserve consists of Tuchola Forest National Park and the nature reserves lying within the Landscape Parks of the buffer zone.
Aragon House
Aragon House is a Grade II listed public house at 249 New King's Road, Parsons Green, London.

It was built in 1805–06, but the architect is not known.

Aragon House gets its name from having been the site of a dower house belonging to Queen Catherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII's six wives.

Aragon House and Gosford Lodge were built on the site of a villa that the author Samuel Richardson lived in from 1756 until his death in 1761.

Parsons Green
Parsons Green is a mainly residential district in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. The Green itself, which is roughly triangular, is bounded on two of its three sides by the New King's Road section of the King's Road, A308 road and Parsons Green Lane. The wider neighbourhood is bounded by the Harwood and Wandsworth Bridge Roads, A217 road to the east and Munster Road to the west, while the Fulham Road, A3219 road may be said to define its northern boundary. Its southern boundary is less clearly defined as it merges quickly and imperceptibly with the Sulivan Court Estate and Hurlingham.

At its historic centre lie two open spaces, the Green itself and Eel Brook Common. The name stems from the original village green, after the former residence of the rectors of Fulham Parish. It is one of the Conservation areas in Hammersmith and Fulham, that extends from the borough boundary in the east to Fulham High Street in the west.
Cecima
Cecima is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 km south of Milan and about 35 km south of Pavia.

Cecima borders the following municipalities: Brignano-Frascata, Godiasco, Gremiasco, Momperone, Ponte Nizza, Pozzol Groppo.

Ponte Nizza
Ponte Nizza is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 km south of Milan and about 35 km south of Pavia.

Ponte Nizza borders the following municipalities: Bagnaria, Cecima, Godiasco, Gremiasco, Montesegale, Val di Nizza, Varzi.