hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serrata, Calabria
Serrata is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 60 km northeast of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 922 and an area of 21.8 square kilometres (8.4 sq mi).

Serrata borders the following municipalities: Candidoni, Dinami, Laureana di Borrello, Mileto, San Pietro di Caridà.

San Pietro di Caridà
San Pietro di Caridà (Calabrian Greek: Καρυδιά, romanized: Karydiá) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria.
Killing of Tomislav Salopek
Tomislav Salopek (2 June 1984 - c. 12 August 2015) was a Croatian expatriate worker in Egypt, kidnapped and subsequently executed by the ISIL-affiliated Sinai Province. This was the first such incident affecting a Croatian citizen.

On 12 August 2015, 22 days after his abduction, Sinai Province published a still image purporting to show Salopek's decapitated body. This has led to widespread international attention and condemnation, and was the first such hostage execution to take place in Egypt, raising further concerns about safety of foreigners in the country. Before Salopek, Wilayah Sinai has also claimed responsibility for the killing of American oil worker William Henderson in 2014, and has perpetrated violent attacks against Egyptian security forces and civilians.

Islamic State – Sinai Province
The Islamic State – Sinai Province (IS-SP; Arabic: الدولة الإسلامية – ولاية سيناء, al-Dawlah al-Islāmiyah – Wilayah Sīnāʼ) was one of the Islamic State branchs that was active in Egypt, along with the Islamic State – Egypt Province. It was active mainly the Sinai Peninsula.
Montreal Locomotive Works
Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW) was a Canadian railway locomotive manufacturer that existed under several names from 1883 to 1985, producing both steam and diesel locomotives. For many years it was a subsidiary of the American Locomotive Company. MLW's headquarters and manufacturing facilities were in Montreal’s Hochelaga-Maisonneuve area (with only the 1911 administration building remaining at 1505 Dickson Street).

UAC TurboTrain
The UAC TurboTrain was an early high-speed gas turbine multiple unit (GTMU) manufactured by United Aircraft that operated in Canada between 1968 and 1982 and in the United States between 1968 and 1976. The TurboTrain was among the first gas turbine-powered trains in regular service, and one of the earliest tilting trains introduced in North America.
Octagonal (horse)
Octagonal (8 October 1992 – 15 October 2016) was a champion New Zealand-bred, Australian raced Thoroughbred racehorse, also known as 'The Big O' or 'Occy'. He was by the champion sire Zabeel, out of the champion broodmare Eight Carat, who also produced Group One winners Mouawad, Kaapstad, Diamond Lover and (Our) Marquise.

Zabeel
Zabeel (25 October 1986 – 25 September 2015) was a New Zealand-bred racehorse who predominantly raced in Australia. He was retired to stud and became a champion sire.  He was a bay son of Sir Tristram from the Nureyev mare Lady Giselle.
Polk County, Iowa
Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 492,401, and was estimated to be 516,185 in 2024, making it the most populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Des Moines, which is also the capital city of Iowa. Polk County is included in the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Des Moines metropolitan area
The Des Moines metropolitan area, officially known as the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is located at the confluence of the Des Moines River and the Raccoon River. Des Moines serves as the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Iowa. The metro area consists of six counties in central Iowa: Polk, Dallas, Warren, Madison, Guthrie, and Jasper. The Des Moines–Ames–West Des Moines Combined Statistical Area (CSA) encompasses the separate metropolitan area of Ames (Story County), and the separate micropolitan area of Boone (Boone County). The Des Moines area is a fast-growing metro area.
Noojee railway line
The Noojee railway line is a closed railway line in Victoria, Australia. Branching off from the Gippsland line at Warragul station, it was built to service the timber industry in the upper Latrobe River area, transporting timber as well as providing a general goods and passenger service to townships in the area. The final section of the line between Neerim South and Noojee traversed increasingly hilly terrain and featured a number of large timber trestle bridges. Extensively and repeatedly damaged by bushfires over the years, the line was closed in the 1950s and dismantled. The last remaining large trestle bridge on the line has been preserved and has become a popular local tourist attraction.

Noojee
Noojee is a town in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia, north of Warragul and east of Melbourne, in the Baw Baw local government area. At the 2016 census, Noojee and the surrounding area had a population of 157. The town benefits from tourists passing through to the Mount Baw Baw Alpine Resort, 48 kilometres away, as it is the last stop with tourism services. There are also a number of walks in the area, including the Noojee Trestle Bridge, a 100m wooden rail bridge.
The Corelli International Academic School of the Arts
The Corelli International Academic School of the Arts  was an independent co-educational art-focused school in Browns Bay, Auckland, New Zealand founded in 2001. The school was a member of the Independent Schools of New Zealand (ISNZ).  It went into receivership in 2016.

Browns Bay, New Zealand
Browns Bay is one of the most northernmost suburbs in the contiguous Auckland metropolitan area, located in the North Shore. Named after the Brown family who settled here in 1876, Browns Bay became a holiday destination in the late 19th century. The area gradually developed into a suburb of Auckland in the 1950s, and was the administrative centre for the East Coast Bays City from 1975 until it was disestablished in 1989. During the 1990s, the suburb became a hub for the South African New Zealander community.
Ann Wedgeworth
Elizabeth Ann Wedgeworth (January 21, 1934 – November 16, 2017) was an American character actress, known for her roles as Lana Shields in Three's Company, Hilda Hensley in Sweet Dreams, and Merleen Elldridge in Evening Shade. She won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for Chapter Two (1978).

Rip Torn
Elmore Rual "Rip" Torn Jr. (February 6, 1931 – July 9, 2019) was an American actor whose career spanned roughly 60 years. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for playing Marsh Turner in Cross Creek (1983). Torn's portrayal of Artie the producer on The Larry Sanders Show (1992–1998) received six Emmy Award nominations, winning in 1996. Torn was also known for his roles as Judas Iscariot in King of Kings (1961), Thomas J. Finley, Jr. in Sweet Bird of Youth (1962), Dr. Nathan Bryce in The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976), Bob Diamond in Defending Your Life (1991), Zeus in Hercules (1997), Zed in the Men in Black franchise (1997, 2002), Jim Brody in Freddy Got Fingered (2001), Patches O'Houlihan in Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story (2004), and Louis XV in Marie Antoinette (2006).
Xiao mi la pepper
Xiao mi la (小米辣, literally "millet pepper") is a cultivar of Capsicum frutescens found in southern China. The Xiao Mi La pepper is often cited as one of the three most commonly used peppers in Chinese cuisines, along with facing heaven chilli and two vitex chilli. It is also known in China as "Thai Pepper", although that is a name used in other parts of the world for a different chili cultivar than Xiao mi la. Xiao mi la is the only wild pepper species in China, where it has naturalized in the southern Yunnan Province of China as a perennial shrub. Xiao mi la is adapted to this environment of high temperature and humidity, as well as resistance to East Asian disease pressures, low light, and barren soil.

Capsicum frutescens
Capsicum frutescens is a wild chili pepper having genetic proximity to the cultivated pepper Capsicum chinense.  It is native to Central and South America as well as Mexico. Pepper cultivars of C. frutescens can be annual or short-lived perennial plants.
Carpinteria Unified School District
The Carpinteria Unified School District (CUSD) is a public school district that provides services to students in the Carpinteria Valley, with district boundaries reaching south to the Ventura County line and north to the community of Summerland, California. The district, serving approximately 2800 students in grades K-12, has seven schools – one comprehensive high school, one alternative high school, one middle school, and four elementary schools. Six of the seven schools are located within the Carpinteria city limits; one elementary school is located in Summerland.

As of the 2008/2009 school year, the district included:

Aliso Elementary School

Canalino Elementary School

Carpinteria Family School

Summerland School

Carpinteria Middle School

Carpinteria High School

Rincon High School

Carpinteria, California
Carpinteria (/kɑːrpɪntəˈriːə/; Spanish: Carpintería, meaning "Carpentry") is a small seaside city in southeastern Santa Barbara County, California. Located on the Central Coast of California, it had a population of 13,264 at the 2020 census. Carpinteria is a popular surf destination; the city embraced the slogan "World's Safest Beach" in 1912, which it still uses today.
Group of symplectic type
In mathematics, specifically finite group theory, a p-group of symplectic type is a p-group such that all characteristic abelian subgroups are cyclic.

According to Thompson (1968, p.386), the p-groups of symplectic type were classified by P. Hall in unpublished lecture notes, who showed that they are all a central product of an extraspecial group with a group that is cyclic, dihedral, quasidihedral, or quaternion. Gorenstein (1980, 5.4.9) gives a proof of this result.

The width n of a group G of symplectic type is the largest integer n such that the group contains an extraspecial subgroup H of order p1+2n such that G = H.CG(H), or 0 if G contains no such subgroup.

Groups of symplectic type appear in centralizers of involutions of groups of GF(2)-type.

Group of GF(2)-type
In mathematics, specifically finite group theory, a group of GF(2)-type is a group with an involution centralizer whose generalized Fitting subgroup is a group of symplectic type (Gorenstein 1982, definition 1.45).

As the name suggests, many of the groups of Lie type over the field with 2 elements are groups of GF(2)-type. Also 16 of the 26 sporadic groups are of GF(2)-type, suggesting that in some sense sporadic groups are somehow related to special properties of the field with 2 elements.

Timmesfeld (1978) showed roughly that groups of GF(2)-type can be subdivided into 8 types. The groups of each of these 8 types were classified by various authors. They consist mainly of groups of Lie type with all roots of the same length over the field with 2 elements, but also include many exceptional cases, including the majority of the sporadic groups. 
Smith (1980) gave a survey of this work.

Smith (1979, p.279) gives a table of simple groups containing a large extraspecial 2-group.
John Macapá
John Teixeira da Conceição (Portuguese: [tejˈʃejɾɐ]; born November 18, 1986), commonly known as John Macapá, is a Brazilian mixed martial artist currently competing in the featherweight division. A professional competitor since 2007, Teixeira has formerly competed for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, Bellator MMA, and was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Brazil.

Pat Curran (fighter)
Pat Curran (born August 31, 1987) is a  retired American mixed martial artist, and a former two-time Bellator Featherweight World Champion. He is the cousin of World Extreme Cagefighting veteran Jeff Curran and fought primarily with Xtreme Fighting Organization (XFO) before signing with Bellator, where he is the winner of Bellator Season Two Lightweight Tournament and the Bellator 2011 Summer Series. From July 2011 till April 2014 and January 2018 till July 2018, Curran was ranked in the top #10 Featherweights in the world by Fight Matrix, rising to as high as #2 from July 2012 till April 2013.
Maylandia lombardoi
Maylandia lombardoi, is a 13 centimetres (5.1 in) long freshwater fish from the family Cichlidae. This species is popular in the aquarium hobby where it is sold under a variety of common names including: lombardoi mbuna, kenyi mbuna or kennyi mbuna or kenyi cichlid. This species is sometimes seen in the genus Metriaclima owing to a dispute in which a minority of cichlid researchers do not consider Maylandia valid (see Maylandia for discussion. The specific name honours the exotic fish dealer John Lombardo.

Maylandia
Maylandia or Metriaclima is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa. They belong to the mbuna (rock-dwelling) haplochromines.

All species in this genus are relatively small fishes, less than 20 cm (7.9 in) in length. Like most Lake Malawi cichlids, exhibit brood care via maternal mouthbrooding. Numerous members of the genus are traded as aquarium fish. They are attractive because they are brightly colored and often very sexually dimorphic; like other cichlids they are not suited for beginners and for most companion tanks.
2011 Albany Great Danes football team
The 2011 Albany Great Danes football team represented the University at Albany, SUNY as a member of the Northeast Conference (NEC) during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by 42nd-year head coach Bob Ford, the Great Danes compiled an overall record of 8–4 with a mark of 7–1 in conference play, sharing the NEC title with Duquesne. Due to Albany's head-to-head win over Duquesne, the Great Danes earned the conference's automatic bid into the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where they lost in the first round to Stony Brook. The team played home games at University Field in Albany New York.

2011 Duquesne Dukes football team
The 2011 Duquesne Dukes football team represented Duquesne University as a member of the Northeast Conference (NEC) during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Dukes were led by seventh-year head coach Jerry Schmitt and played their home games at Arthur J. Rooney Athletic Field. They finished the season 9–2 overall and 7–1 in NEC play to share the conference championship with Albany. However, Albany claimed the conference automatic bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs due to their head to head victory, and the Dukes did not receive an at-large bid.
Sestra (Moscow Oblast)
The Sestra (Russian: Сестра́) is a river in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Dubna (Volga basin). Its source is the Senezh Lake. The length of the river is 138 km (86 mi). The area of its basin is 2,680 km2 (1,030 sq mi). The river freezes over in November to early January and stays icebound until late March or April. Its main tributary is the Yakhroma. The town of Klin is located on the Sestra.

Yakhroma (river)
The Yakhroma (Russian: Яхрома) is a right tributary of the Sestra that flows through a network of peat marshes in the north of Moscow Oblast, Russia. It passes through the towns of Dmitrov and Yakhroma, crossing the Moscow Canal on its way. The construction of the Moscow Canal has separated the upper course of the Yakhroma from its lower course. The lower course is 54 kilometres (34 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 988 square kilometres (381 sq mi).
York City School District
The York City School District is a large, urban, public school district serving the City of York, Pennsylvania in York County, Pennsylvania. The district encompasses approximately 5 square miles (13 km2). According to 2010 census data, the district's population was 43,718 people, estimated to be 44,118 as of 2018. As of 2018, the district's population were 69.25% high school graduates and 15.38% college graduates.

As of 2018, the median household income in the district is approximately $30,283, while the median family income is approximately $33,048. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010. According to the Pennsylvania Budget and Policy Center, 81.1% of the district's pupils lived at 185% or below the federal poverty level as shown by their eligibility for the federal free or reduced-price school meal programs in 2012.

York, Pennsylvania
York is a city in York County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. Located in South Central Pennsylvania, the city's population was 44,800 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Pennsylvania. The city has an urban area population of 238,549 and has a metropolitan area population of 456,449.

Founded in 1741, York served as the temporary base for the Continental Congress from September 1777 to June 1778, during which the Articles of Confederation were drafted. It is the largest city in the York–Hanover metropolitan area, which is also included in the larger Harrisburg–York–Lebanon combined statistical area of the Susquehanna Valley.
Frank W. Nolen
Frank William Nolen (born December 26, 1939) is an American politician who served as a member of the Virginia Senate. Winning a 1974 special election to succeed H. Dunlop Dawbarn after his retirement, he lost reelection in 1975 to J. Marshall Coleman. When Coleman resigned to become Attorney General in 1977, Nolen won back his old seat.

As of February 2019, Nolen is the chairman of the Augusta County Democratic Committee.

H. Dunlop Dawbarn
Henry Dunlop Dawbarn (June 14, 1915 – December 31, 1998) (nicknamed "Buz") was a Virginia businessman, philanthropist and Republican politician who represented Augusta County and the cities of Waynesboro and Staunton, Virginia part-time in the Virginia Senate from 1968 to 1974.
Manfred Eigen
Manfred Eigen (German pronunciation: [ˈmanˌfʁeːt ˈaɪ̯ɡn̩] ⓘ; 9 May 1927 – 6 February 2019) was a German biophysical chemist who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on measuring fast chemical reactions.

Eigen's research helped solve major problems in physical chemistry and aided in the understanding of chemical processes that occur in living organisms.

In later years, he explored the biochemical roots of life and evolution. He worked to install a multidisciplinary program at the Max Planck Institute to study the underpinnings of life at the molecular level. His work was hailed for creating a new scientific and technological discipline: evolutionary biotechnology.

TU Braunschweig
TU Braunschweig (German: Technische Universität Braunschweig) is the oldest technical university in Germany. It was founded in 1745 as Collegium Carolinum. It is a member of TU9, an incorporated society of the most renowned German institutes of technology. It is commonly ranked among the top engineering universities in Germany.

TU Braunschweig's research profile is very interdisciplinary, but with a focus on aeronautics, vehicle engineering including autonomous driving and electric mobility, manufacturing, life sciences, and metrology. Research is conducted in close collaboration with external organizations such as the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, several Fraunhofer Institutes, and Germany's national metrology institute (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, PTB), among many others. As one of very few research institutions of its type in the world, the university has its own research airport.
Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone
52°30′N 31°45′W﻿ / ﻿52.50°N 31.75°W﻿ / 52.50; -31.75

Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone is a system of two parallel fracture zones. It is the most prominent interruption of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Azores and Iceland, with the longest faults in the North Atlantic, and is ecologically an important biosystems boundary. It can be traced over more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi), from north-east of Newfoundland to south-west of Ireland. It took 90 million years for the fault to grow to this length.

Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, the ridge separates the North American from the Eurasian plate and the African plate, north and south of the Azores triple junction. In the South Atlantic, it separates the African and South American plates. The ridge extends from a junction with the Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge) northeast of Greenland southward to the Bouvet triple junction in the South Atlantic. Although the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is mostly an underwater feature, portions of it have enough elevation to extend above sea level, for example in Iceland. The ridge has an average spreading rate of about 2.5 centimetres (1 in) per year.
Xenobrama microlepis
Xenobrama microlepis, the golden pomfret, is a species of pomfret, a type of fish, found in the Subantarctic Pacific Ocean. This species is known to grow to a length of 49.4 centimetres (19.4 in) SL. This species is the only known member of the genus Xenobrama. Xenobrama microlepis is a combination of the Greek word xenos and microlepis with Brama, meaning "strange Brama with small scales".

Pomfret
Pomfrets are scombriform fish belonging to the family Bramidae. The family currently includes 20 species across seven genera. Several species are important food sources for humans, especially Brama brama in South Asia.  The earlier form of the pomfret's name was "pamflet", a word which probably ultimately comes from Portuguese pampo, referring to various fish such as the blue butterfish (Stromateus fiatola). The fish meat is white in color.
Erythrotes
Erythrotes is a genus of beetles assigned to the family Cerambycidae, containing one species from China, Erythrotes murzini. It was described by Lazarev in 2020. It is endemic to the Sichuan Province in China. "Erythrotes" is derived from the Greek noun ερυθρότης (redness), referring to the red color of the body of the species.

Maxim Lazarev
Maxim Alexandrovich Lazarev (Максим Александрович Лазарев; born 28 June 1985) is a Russian entomologist specializing in the study of Coleoptera (particularly Cerambycidae). He is active in education and scientific research, and holds the degree of Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences (2013). He has been a Professor at the Russian Academy of Natural History since 2021. Lazarev is a member of the Entomological Section of the Moscow Society of Naturalists (since 2005) and has served as editor-in-chief of the journal Humanity space: International almanac since 2012.
Director General of Railroads
Director General of Railroads was a United States federal government position in the United States Railroad Administration (USRA), whose organization was announced on February 9, 1918. It consisted of the Director General of Railroads and eight major divisions and seven regional offices.

United States Railroad Administration
The United States Railroad Administration (USRA) was the name of the nationalized railroad system of the United States between December 28, 1917, and March 1, 1920. It was the largest American experiment with nationalization, and was undertaken against a background of war emergency following American entry into World War I. During its brief existence, the USRA made major investments in the United States railroad system, and introduced standardized locomotive and railroad car classes, known as USRA standard. After the end of World War I, while some in the United States advocated for continuing nationalization, ultimately the railroads were returned to their previous owners in early 1920.