hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Missing in Brooks County
Missing in Brooks County is a   2020 feature-length documentary (1 hr 21 m), directed and filmed by Lisa Molomot and Jeff Bemiss. Its subject is the passage of illegal migrants through Brooks County, Texas, and specifically how thousands die of dehydration and exposure hiking some 35 miles (56 km) across open fields in 100 °F (38 °C) heat, to avoid the Border Patrol internal checkpoint near Falfurrias, Texas. The ground is sandy and taxing to walk in, and lack of landmarks makes it easy for migrants to get lost and go in circles. Brooks County leads the nation in migrant deaths; most bodies are never found, and most of those found are never identified. The county sheriff calls the county "the biggest cemetery in the United States". News stories have called it "migrants' Death Valley.": 18

Brooks County, Texas
Brooks County is a county in Texas, United States, and Falfurrias is its county seat. Its population was 7,076, approximately 88% Latino per the 2020 census. It is one of Texas's poorest counties.

The county is named for James Abijah Brooks, one of the “Four Captains” who modernized the Texas Rangers. He retired to Falfurrias, served two terms as state representative, lobbied successfully for the county's creation, and served thirty years as county judge.

Brooks County has several large ranches, including Mariposa Ranch and the King Ranch, both in the east. The county's largest employer is the Falfurrias Border Patrol interior checkpoint on US 281, built in 1994 outside the city limits and significantly enlarged in 2019.
Jury rigging
In maritime transport and sailing, jury rigging or jury-rigging involves making temporary makeshift running repairs with only the tools and materials on board. Use of the term  originated from sail-powered boats and ships. Jury-rigging can be applied to any part of a ship; be it its super-structure (hull, decks), propulsion systems (mast, sails, rigging, engine, transmission, propeller), or controls (helm, rudder, centreboard, daggerboards, rigging).

Similarly, a jury mast is a replacement mast after a dismasting. If necessary, a yard would also be fashioned and stayed to allow a watercraft to resume making way.

Dismasting
Dismasting, also called demasting,  occurs to a sailing ship when one or more of the masts responsible for hoisting the sails that propel the vessel breaks. Dismasting usually occurs as the result of high winds during a storm acting upon masts, sails, rigging, and spars.

Over-compression of the mast due to the rigger being over-tightened, as well as g-forces caused by wave action and the boat swinging back and forth, can also result in a dismasting. Dismasting does not necessarily impair the vessel's ability to stay afloat, but rather its ability to move under sail power. Frequently, the hull of the vessel remains intact, upright and seaworthy.

Modern masts are usually made of aluminum, carbon fibre, or other high-strength materials. These masts are subject to huge forces and tensions during high wind, large seas, or racing situations, and it is not uncommon even today for modern masts to be lost.
Dearne Valley
The Dearne Valley (DURN) is an area of South Yorkshire, England, along the River Dearne.  It encompasses the towns of  Wombwell, Wath-upon-Dearne, Swinton, Conisbrough and Mexborough, the large villages of Ardsley, Bolton on Dearne, Goldthorpe, Thurnscoe, Darfield, Stairfoot and Brampton Bierlow, and many other smaller villages and hamlets.

In 1995, the area became a regeneration area, as it had suffered much from the sudden decline of the deep coal mining industry in the 1980s.  In the 2011 census, the ONS-identified Barnsley/Dearne Valley built-up area had a population of 223,281; however, this region includes Barnsley and certain other smaller towns and villages that might not historically have considered themselves a part of the Dearne Valley.

Brampton Bierlow
Brampton Bierlow, near Barnsley, often known as Brampton, is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. It is situated on the south side of the Dearne Valley, between Barnsley and Rotherham.
Organization of American States
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The Organization of American States (OAS or OEA; Spanish: Organización de los Estados Americanos; Portuguese: Organização dos Estados Americanos; French: Organisation des États américains) is an international organization founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the Americas.

Headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, the OAS is a "multilateral regional body focused on human rights, electoral oversight, social and economic development, and security in the Western Hemisphere", according to the Council on Foreign Relations. As of November 2023, 32 states in the Americas are OAS members.

Albert Ramdin of Suriname was inaugurated as OAS secretary general in May 2025, replacing Luis Almagro of Uruguay.

Permanent Council of the Organization of American States
The Permanent Council is one of the two main political bodies of the Organization of American States, the other being the General Assembly.

The Permanent Council is established under Chapter XII of the OAS Charter. It is composed of ambassadors appointed by the member states (one per state), and it meets regularly at OAS headquarters in Washington, D.C., United States. The chair of the Council rotates among these permanent representatives of the member states, with each country chairing the Council for a three-month period.

Together, the General Assembly and the Permanent Council set broad priorities for the OAS; because it meets more regularly, however, the Council has immediate responsibility for directing the Organization's ongoing actions.
Peter Hatendi
Ralph Peter Hatendi DD AKC (9 April 1927 – 31 August 2018) was a Zimbabwean Church of England priest who served as bishop of Harare and Mashonaland from 1979 until his retirement in 1995. He was the first indigenous Black Zimbabwean to hold this position, and played an important role in helping the church navigate the transition in the 1980s following Zimbabwe's independence.

Anglican Diocese of Harare
The Anglican Diocese of Harare is a diocese of the Church of the Province of Central Africa. The Anglican Diocese of Mashonaland was formed in 1891 and its first bishop was George Knight-Bruce. He was succeeded by William Gaul (1895–1907), formerly Rector of St Cyprian's Church in Kimberley, Northern Cape. Small in stature, Gaul styled himself “the smallest bishop with the largest Diocese in Christendom.” In 1915 the diocese became the Diocese of Southern Rhodesia  until 1952 when it reverted to the Diocese of Mashonaland. The diocese was known as the Diocese of Harare and Mashonaland, until changing his name to Diocese of Harare. It has experienced great turbulence in recent times.

The bishop's seat is at the Cathedral of St Mary and All Saints, Harare.
Fukushima-juku
Fukushima-juku (福島宿, Fukushima-juku) was the thirty-seventh of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō highway connecting Edo with Kyoto during the Edo period. It was located in the present-day city of Kiso, in the Kiso District of Nagano Prefecture, Japan. It was also numbered as the fifth of eleven stations on the Kisoji highway.

69 Stations of the Nakasendō
The 69 Stations of the Nakasendō (中山道六十九次, Nakasendō Rokujūkyū-tsugi) are the rest areas along the Nakasendō, which ran from Nihonbashi in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Sanjō Ōhashi in Kyoto. The route stretched approximately 534 km (332 mi) and was an alternate trade route to the Tōkaidō.
Dalton State College
Dalton State College (DSC or Dalton State) is a public college in Dalton, Georgia, United States. It is part of the University System of Georgia. Founded in 1963 as a junior college, the college became a four-year institution in 1998. Dalton State is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).

Dalton, Georgia
Dalton is a city and the county seat of Whitfield County, Georgia, United States. It is also the principal city of the Dalton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Murray and Whitfield counties.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 34,417 people; the city's metro area was 124,837. Dalton is located just off Interstate 75 in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northwest Georgia and is the second-largest city in northwest Georgia, after Rome.

Dalton is home to many of the nation's floor-covering manufacturers, primarily those producing carpet, rugs, and vinyl flooring. It is home to the Dalton Convention Center, which showcases the Georgia Athletic Coaches' Hall of Fame and hosts a variety of events.
Captain D's
Captain D's, LLC. is an American fast casual restaurant chain that specializes in seafood and is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The chain was founded as Mr. D's Seafood and Hamburgers by Raymond L. Danner Sr. on August 15, 1969, in Donelson, Tennessee. The chain is currently owned by private-equity firm Centre Partners. Captain D's currently has more than 500 locations in the United States.

Fast casual restaurant
A fast casual restaurant, found primarily in the United States, is a restaurant that does not offer full table service, but advertises higher quality food than fast-food restaurants. It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining.
Cemetry Gates
"Cemetry Gates" is a 1986 song by English alternative rock band the Smiths from The Queen Is Dead, their third album. Written by Morrissey and Johnny Marr, the song centres around a guitar riff that Marr initially thought was too uninteresting to base a song around. However, Morrissey liked it and convinced Marr that they could complete the song.

Morrissey's lyrics on the song reflect his memories of walking in graveyards in Manchester and jokingly comment on plagiarism in his song lyrics. "Cemetry Gates" was released as a B-side to the band's 1986 single "Ask". It has seen critical acclaim for Morrissey's humorous lyrics and Marr's gentle guitar line.

Southern Cemetery, Manchester
Southern Cemetery is a large municipal cemetery in Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of the city centre. It opened in 1879 and is owned and administered by Manchester City Council. It is the largest municipal cemetery in the United Kingdom and the second largest in Europe.
Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. It is a very hard, white to off-white, highly mineralised substance that acts as a barrier to protect the tooth but can become susceptible to degradation, especially by acids from food and drink. In rare circumstances enamel fails to form, leaving the underlying dentin exposed on the surface.

Dental sealant
Dental sealants (also termed pit and fissure sealants, or simply fissure sealants) are a dental treatment intended to prevent tooth decay. Teeth have recesses on their biting surfaces; the back teeth have fissures (grooves) and some front teeth have cingulum pits. It is these pits and fissures that are most vulnerable to tooth decay because food and bacteria stick in them and because they are hard-to-clean areas. Dental sealants are materials placed in these pits and fissures to fill them in, creating a smooth surface which is easy to clean. Dental sealants are mainly used in children who are at higher risk of tooth decay, and are usually placed as soon as the adult molar teeth come through.
Philip, Count of Vertus
Philip of Orléans, Count of Vertus (French: Philippe d'Orléans, comte de Vertus, 21/24 July 1396 – 1 September 1420), was the second son of Louis I, Duke of Orléans, and Valentina Visconti, and a grandson of Charles V of France. His older brother was the noted poet Charles, Duke of Orléans and his younger brother was John, Count of Angoulême.

Valentina Visconti, Duchess of Orléans
Valentina Visconti (1371 – 4 December 1408) was a countess of Vertus, and duchess consort of Orléans as the wife of Louis I, Duke of Orléans, the younger brother of King Charles VI of France. As duchess of Orléans, she was at court and acquired the enmity of the Queen of France, Isabeau of Bavaria, and was subsequently banned from the court and had to leave Paris. Due to political animosity, Valentina's husband was murdered in 1407. She died on 4 December 1408.
Jockgrim
Jockgrim is a municipality in the district of Germersheim, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Rhine, approximately 15 km north-west of Karlsruhe.

Jockgrim is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Jockgrim. Jockgrim station is on Schifferstadt–Wörth railway and is served by the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn.

In 1965, Jockgrim celebrated the 700th anniversary of the old part of town: Hinterstadtl.  This picturesque area has a bi-annual festival called Hinterstadtl Fest which takes place on the first weekend of September. In 2015 they were celebrating the 750th anniversary.

Schifferstadt–Wörth railway
The Schifferstadt–Wörth railway or Speyer line is a uniformly double track and electrified main line in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Between Schifferstadt and Germersheim it is part of the network of the Rhine-Neckar S-Bahn. Between Germersheim and Wörth am Rhein it is part of the network of the Stadtbahn Karlsruhe.

The first section between Schifferstadt and Speyer was opened on 11 June 1847 and it was extended to Germersheim in 1864. The opening of the last section to Wörth am Rhein was opened in 1876. From 1906 to 1914, it was served by long-distance services, which ended after the First World War and the subsequent reincorporation of Alsace-Lorraine into France. Electrification was begun in 2006 and completed in 2010.
Qaqortoq Museum
Qaqortoq Museum (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaanni Katersugaasiviit) is a museum in Qaqortoq, Greenland. It is located close to the main fountain square in one of the oldest buildings of the town, the former Royal Greenland Trading Department which dates from 1804. The museum exhibits old Inuit boats, hunting equipment, national dresses and Norse artifacts.

The museum is a member of NUKAKA, the association of Greenlandic museums. Museum Director is Dan Ullerup.

Qaqortoq
Qaqortoq (Greenlandic pronunciation: [qɑqɔttɔq]), also known as Julianehåb, is the capital city of the Kujalleq municipality in southern Greenland, located near Cape Thorvaldsen. With a population of 3,069 in 2025, it is the most populous town in Kujalleq and the fourth most in Greenland.
Dursey massacre
The Dursey massacre, also called the Dursey Island massacre, took place in June 1602 during the Nine Years' War on Dursey Island off the Beara Peninsula in southern Ireland. According to Philip O'Sullivan Beare, a group of around three hundred Gaelic Irish, including civilians, were killed by an English force under the command of George Carew.

Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare
Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare, Prince of Beare, 1st Count of Berehaven (Irish: Domhnall Cam Ó Súileabháin Bhéara; 1560 – 16 July 1618) was an Irish nobleman and soldier who was the last independent Chief of the Name of Clan O'Sullivan. He was thus the last O'Sullivan Beare, a title of the Gaelic nobility of Ireland, and Lord of the Beara Peninsula in the southwest of Ireland during the early seventeenth century, when the English Crown was attempting to secure their rule over the whole island.
Maffra railway line
The Maffra railway line is a closed railway line in Victoria, Australia. The line provided an alternative route to East Gippsland than the current route to Sale. The line was closed in stages from Traralgon to Cowwarr in 1986, and from Cowwarr to Maffra in 1994. In its latter years, the main purpose of the line was to serve dairy industries at Maffra.

The last passenger service from Traralgon to Maffra was run by a 153hp Walker railmotor on 7 July 1977. A replacement bus service started two days later. The last freight service on the line ran on 8 September 1994. It was an up goods to Sale, with locomotive N472 hauling a single container wagon and rail tractor RT49.

Maffra
Maffra is a town in Victoria, Australia, 220 kilometres (140 mi) east of Melbourne. It is in the Shire of Wellington local government area and it is the second most populous city of the Shire. It relies mainly on dairy farming and other agriculture, and was the site of one of Murray Goulburn Co-operative's eight processing plants in Victoria. Maffra is a detour off the Princes Highway and is near Sale, Stratford, Newry, Tinamba, Heyfield and Rosedale. At the 2016 census, Maffra had a population of 4,316.
Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge
Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (Buenos Aires NWR) provides 117,107 acres (47,392 ha) of habitat for threatened and endangered plants and animals. This refuge, in Pima County, Arizona, was established in 1985.

Arivaca, Arizona
Arivaca (O'odham: Ali Wa:pk) is an unincorporated community in Pima County, Arizona, United States.  It is located 11 miles (18 km) north of the Mexican border and 35 miles (56 km) northwest of the port of entry at Nogales. The European-American history of the area dates back at least to 1695, although the community was not founded until 1878. Arivaca has the ZIP code 85601. The 85601 ZIP Code Tabulation Area had a population of 909 at the 2000 census.
Archivolt
An archivolt (or voussure) is an ornamental moulding or band following the curve on the underside of an arch. It is composed of bands of ornamental mouldings (or other architectural elements) surrounding an arched opening, corresponding to the architrave in the case of a rectangular opening. The word is sometimes used to refer to the under-side or inner curve of the arch itself (more properly, the intrados). Most commonly archivolts are found as a feature of the arches of church portals. The mouldings and sculptures on these archivolts are used to convey a theological story or depict religious figures and ideologies of the church in order to represent the gateway between the holy space of the church and the external world. The presence of archivolts on churches is seen throughout history, although their design, both architecturally and artistically, is heavily influenced by the period they were built in and the churches they were designed for.

Architrave
In classical architecture, an architrave (/ˈɑːrkɪˌtreɪv/; from Italian  architrave 'chief beam'), also called an epistyle (from Ancient Greek  ἐπίστυλον (epístulon) 'on the column'), is the lintel or beam, typically made of wood or stone, that rests on the capitals of columns.

The term can also apply to all sides, including the vertical members, of a frame with mouldings around a door or window. The word "architrave" has come to be used to refer more generally to a style of mouldings (or other elements) framing a door, window or other rectangular opening, where the horizontal "head" casing extends across the tops of the vertical side casings where the elements join (forming a butt joint, as opposed to a miter joint).
Pack Horse Library Project
The Pack Horse Library Project was a Works Progress Administration (WPA) program that delivered books to remote regions in the Appalachian Mountains between 1935 and 1943. Women were very involved in the project that eventually had 30 different libraries serving 100,000 people. Packhorse librarians were known by many different names, including "book women," "book ladies," and "packsaddle librarians.": 290  The project helped employ around 200 people and reached around 100,000 residents in rural Kentucky.

Paintsville, Kentucky
Paintsville (locally /ˈpeɪntsvəl/) is a home rule-class city in Johnson County, Kentucky, United States. Located along Paint Creek, it is the county seat of Johnson County. The population was 4,312 at the 2020 census.
Malaysian Federal Roads System
Malaysian Federal Roads System (Malay: Sistem Jalan Persekutuan Malaysia; Chinese: 马来西亚联邦公路系统), is the main national road network in Malaysia. All federal roads in Malaysia are under the purview of the Ministry of Works (MOW). According to the Ministerial Functions Act 1969, the MOW is responsible to plan, build and maintain all federal roads gazetted under the Federal Roads Act 1959. However, most of the Federal roads' projects were built and maintained by the Malaysian Public Works Department (Jambatan Kerja Raya, JKR), which is also one of the implementing agencies under the MOW (with the exception of Sabah and Sarawak, whereby JKR in these two states is under respective state government).

Pan-Borneo Highway
The Pan-Borneo Highway (Malay: Lebuhraya Pan Borneo) including the sections now known as the Pan Borneo Expressway, is a controlled-access highway on Borneo Island, connecting two Malaysian states, Sabah and Sarawak, with Brunei. The length of the entire highway is 2,083 kilometres (1,294 mi) for the Malaysian section, 168 kilometres (104 mi) for the Bruneian section.

The highway is numbered AH150 in the Asian Highway Network and as Federal Route 1 in Sarawak. In Sabah, the route numbers given are 1, 13 and 22. The upgrading of the 1,663 kilometres (1,033 mi) highway to dual carriageway is a joint project between both governments, which was started in 2015.
New York Central and Hudson River Railroad No. 999
New York Central and Hudson River Railroad 999 is a 4-4-0 "American"  type steam locomotive built for the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad in 1893, which was intended to haul the road's Empire State Express train service. It was built for high speed and is alleged to be the first steam locomotive in the world to travel over 100 miles per hour (160 km/h), with at least one (questionable) source claiming it reached a maximum speed of 112.5 miles per hour (181.1 km/h).

4-4-0
4-4-0, in the Whyte notation, denotes a steam locomotive with a wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles (usually in a leading bogie), four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and no trailing wheels.

First built in the 1830s, locomotives with this wheel arrangement were known as "standard" or "Eight-Wheeler" type. In the first half of the 19th century, almost every major railroad in North America owned and operated locomotives of this type, and many rebuilt their 4-2-0 and 2-4-0 locomotives as 4-4-0s.

In April 1872, Railroad Gazette used "American" as the name of the type. The type subsequently also became popular in the United Kingdom, where large numbers were produced.

The vast majority of 4-4-0 locomotives had tenders, though some tank locomotives (designated 4-4-0T) were built.
DRDO AEW&CS
The DRDO Airborne Early Warning and Control System (AEW&CS) is a project of India's Defence Research and Development Organisation to develop an airborne early warning and control system for the Indian Air Force. It is also referred to as NETRA Airborne Early Warning and Control System (AEW&CS).

Centre for Airborne Systems
The Centre for Airborne Systems (CABS) is a laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. Located in Bengaluru, its primary function is development and evaluation of airborne electronic systems for military applications.
Phi II, Greater Noida
Phi II or Phi 2 (Hindi: फ़ाई 2) is a residential locality in south-western Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bordered by Omega I to the north, Phi I to the west and Swarn Nagari to the east, it is known to be one of the real estate hotspots of Greater Noida, alongside Omega II, Omega I, Phi I, Phi III, Phi IV, Chi I, Chi II, Chi III, Chi IV and Chi V. It is named after the Greek letter Phi.

Phi IV, Greater Noida
Phi IV or Phi 4 is a residential locality in south-western Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Bordered by Phi III to the north and Chi III and Chi IV to the west, it is known to be one of the real estate hotspots of Greater Noida, alongside Omega II, Omega I, Phi I, Phi II, Phi III, Chi I, Chi II, Chi III, Chi IV and Chi V. It is named after the Greek letter Phi.