hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menstrual extraction
Menstrual extraction (ME) is a type of manual vacuum aspiration technique developed by feminist activists Lorraine Rothman and Carol Downer to pass the entire menses at once. The non-medicalized technique has been used in small feminist self-help groups since 1971 and has a social role of allowing access to early abortion without needing medical assistance or legal approval.: 406  ME usage declined after 1973, when Roe v. Wade legalized abortion in the United States. There has been renewed interest in the technique, in the 1990s and more recently in the 2010s, due to increased restrictions on abortion. In some countries where abortion is illegal, such as Bangladesh, the terms "menstrual regulation" or "menstrual extraction" are used as euphemisms for early pregnancy terminations.

Practicing without a license
Practising without a license is the act of working without the licensure offered for that occupation, in a particular jurisdiction. Most activities that require licensure also have penalties for practicing without a valid, current license. In some jurisdictions, a license is offered but not required for some professions.
Natalia Shvedova
Natalia Yulievna Shvedova (Russian: Ната́лия Ю́льевна Шве́дова, 25 December 1916 – 18 September 2009) was a Soviet lexicographer who authored several standard outlines of Russian grammar, for which she was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1982.

Yuly Aikhenvald's daughter and Viktor Vinogradov's favourite disciple, Shvedova was elected into the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1997. After Sergei Ozhegov's death in 1964, Shvedova was responsible for updating and correcting his immensely popular explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. Among her later projects was the first semantic dictionary of the language (vol. 1, 1998; vol. 2, 2000).

Yuly Aykhenvald
Yuly Isayevich Aykhenvald (also spelled Aikhenvald or Eichenwald; Russian: Ю́лий Иса́евич Айхенва́льд; 24 January 1872 – 17 December 1928) was a Russian Jewish  literary critic who developed a native brand of Aestheticism. Russian-American author Vladimir Nabokov called Aykhenvald "a Russian version of Walter Pater".
Jonathan Lemkin
Jonathan Lemkin is an American screenwriter. He has written for the television series 21 Jump Street, Beverly Hills, 90210, and Hill Street Blues. He has also written the films Showdown in Little Tokyo (uncredited, production script), Lethal Weapon 4, Red Planet, and adapted The Devil's Advocate and Shooter from novels.

Lemkin was the first (of many) writers who wrote unused scripts for the defunct film Superman Lives. He has also written a screenplay for the Vince Flynn novel Consent to Kill which is currently being shopped around.

Lemkin and actress Kiersten Warren-Acevedo were married in 1990 and divorced in 2005.

Consent to Kill
Consent to Kill is a thriller novel by Vince Flynn, and the eighth in a series that features CIA counterterrorism agent Mitch Rapp. In this thriller, Flynn focuses on the war on terror exploring all its aspects, from the president of the United States, to the CIA, the foot soldiers and the potentially deadly terrorists.
Connecticut Route 154
Route 154 is a state highway in Connecticut running for 28.24 miles (45.45 km). It serves as one of the main thoroughfares in the town of Old Saybrook, intersecting  twice with U.S. Route 1 (US 1). North of Interstate 95 (I-95), Route 154 runs parallel to Route 9, along to the west bank of the Connecticut River. The route ends in Higganum at Route 9.

Fenwick, Connecticut
Fenwick is a borough in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States, in the town of Old Saybrook. The borough is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 53 at the 2020 census, making it the least populous borough in Connecticut. Most of the borough is included in the Fenwick Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. .

Fenwick is set off from the town center of Old Saybrook by a large cove crossed by a causeway. It is located exactly where the Connecticut River flows into Long Island Sound, and sits on the river's west side. The town has two lighthouses, the Inner and the Outer. The Inner is at the tip of Lynde Point, Fenwick's peninsula, and the Outer is a quarter mile off shore, connected by a rough jetty. The Outer Light is the lighthouse shown on many Connecticut license plates.
Joseph Peacock (politician)
Joseph Peacock (c. 1825 – 25 July 1867) lived at Glenelg and was M.P. for Sturt from 1860 until his death. He worked as co-manager of Peacock and Son in Grenfell Street, was a trustee of the South Australian Mining Company and a director of the National Bank.

He married Harriet Hope Gooch (c. 1832 – 27 August 1854) around 1850. They had two daughters who never survived childhood. He married again, to Maria Houghton (c. 1828 – 18 June 1901). A daughter, Kate Marian Lilian Peacock, married Dr. Harry Swift. Maria Peacock died at her residence "Newland House", 80 Brougham Place, North Adelaide. "Newland House" was later purchased by Caleb Peacock, and is now owned by the South Australian branch of the Australian Medical Association.

Harry Swift (medicine)
Harry Swift (7 August 1858 – 29 September 1937) was an English-born medical practitioner, researcher and academic in South Australia. He was Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Adelaide,.He is remembered for his work at the Adelaide Children's Hospital, where he identified a novel disease in children, known for a time as Swift's disease, now acrodynia or erythrœdema.
Catholic Church in the Central African Republic
The Catholic Church in the Central African Republic is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

Catholics make up 38.29% of the total population in 2023. There are nine dioceses including one archdiocese.

Bangui
Alindao
Bambari
Bangassou
Berbérati
Bossangoa
Bouar
Kaga-Bandoro
Mbaïki

In 2015 Pope Francis made a visit to Bangui.

Diocese of Berbérati
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati (Latin: Berberaten(sis)) is a Latin suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Bangui, both in the Central African Republic. However it remains under the authority of the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its episcopal see is the cathedral in Berbérati, in the Mambéré-Kadéï Prefecture (southwest, formerly Haute-Sangha). The city also has the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Anna.
Marius Gabriel
Marius Gabriel (born 13 November 1954 in Mafikeng, South Africa) is a historical novelist. He is the author of The Redcliffe Sisters series, The Designer, The Ocean Liner, The Parisians and a number of other bestsellers.

In 2018, he and Kerry Wilkinson became the first men using their own names to win a RoNA Award in the organisation's 58-year history. Gabriel won for his historical novel, The Designer.

Romantic Novelists' Association Awards
The Romantic Novel of the Year Award is an award for romance novels since 1960, presented by the Romantic Novelists' Association, and since 2003, for novellas, as the Love Story of the Year (now RoNA Rose Award).
Archduke Carl Ludwig of Austria (1918–2007)
Archduke Carl Ludwig of Austria (Carl Ludwig Maria Franz Joseph Michael Gabriel Antonius Robert Stephan Pius Gregor Ignatius Markus d'Aviano; 10 March 1918 – 11 December 2007), also known as Carl Ludwig Habsburg-Lothringen, was the fifth child of Charles I of Austria and Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. He was born in Baden bei Wien and died in Brussels.

Baden bei Wien
Baden (Central Bavarian: Bodn), unofficially distinguished from other Badens as Baden bei Wien ([ˈbaːdn̩ baɪ̯ viːn]; 'Spa town near Vienna'), is a spa town in Austria. It serves as the capital of Baden District in the state of Lower Austria. Located about 26 km (16 mi) south of Vienna, the municipality consists of cadastral areas Baden, Braiten, Gamingerhof, Leesdorf, Mitterberg, Rauhenstein, and Weikersdorf.

In 2021, the town became part of the transnational UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Great Spa Towns of Europe" because of its famous medicinal springs and its architectural testimony to the international spa culture on the 18th and 19th centuries.
Féral Benga
François "Féral" Benga (8 July 1906 – 13 September 1957) was a Senegalese dancer and became a sought after model of the Harlem Renaissance, his portraits and sculptures taken by Carl Van Vechten, Richmond Barthé and George Platt Lynes among others.

Carl Van Vechten
Carl Van Vechten (/væn ˈvɛktən/; June 17, 1880 – December 21, 1964) was an American writer and artistic photographer who was a patron of the Harlem Renaissance and the literary executor of Gertrude Stein. He gained fame as a writer, and notoriety as well, for his 1926 novel Nigger Heaven. In his later years, he took up photography and took many portraits of notable people. Although he was married to women for most of his adult years, Van Vechten engaged in numerous affairs with other men during his lifetime.
Mahmood Lodhi
Mahmood Lodhi (born 1961) is a Pakistani chess player. He was awarded the title International Master by FIDE in 1987 and he has one Grandmaster Norm. Being most successful in national chess championship of his country, he has won the championship with a record of 16 times. Lodhi won the Asian Senior Chess Championship in the 50+ category in 2015 and 2017.

Pakistani Chess Championship
The Pakistani Chess Championship is organized by the Chess Federation of Pakistan. Prior to 1970 four championships were held in West Pakistan without participation by players from East Pakistan. This changed in 1970 with the founding of the Pakistan National Chess Federation, which for the first time incorporated players and executive members from both parts of Pakistan, and the national championship that year was held in Chittagong. In 1977 the name of the organization was changed to the Chess Federation of Pakistan. The first Pakistani Women's Chess Championship was held in 2000.
Svea hund
Svea hund, complete title Svea Hund på Göta Lejon (Svea Dog at Göta Lejon), was a Swedish variety show produced by AB Svenska Ord.  It was written by Hans Alfredsson and Tage Danielsson, commonly known as Hasseåtage and directed by Tage.
The show premièred on 15 February (although it had a sneak première on 9 February) 1976 on the theater Göta Lejon in Stockholm.
It was the last of the three "Dog-revues"; the first was Gröna hund (Green Dog) the second being Gula Hund (Yellow Dog).

Both Hasse and Tage starred in various roles.  Other cast members were Gösta Ekman, Monica Zetterlund, Lena Nyman, and Tommy Körberg.  The song quartet EBBA (Lena Eriksson, Lars Bagge, Kerstin Bagge and Bo Andersson) and Gunnar Svenssons Bandhundband.

Tage Danielsson
Tage Ivar Roland Danielsson  (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtɑ̌ːɡɛ ˈdɑ̂ːnɪɛlˌsɔn]; 5 February 1928 – 13 October 1985) was a Swedish author, actor, comedian, poet and film director. He worked together with Hans Alfredson in the comedy duo Hasse & Tage.
Šerefudin's White Mosque
The Šerefudin's White Mosque (Bosnian: Šerefudinova Bijela džamija) is a mosque in Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The original mosque was built in 1477, and it was completely reconstructed and finished in 1980 under architect Zlatko Ugljen. In 1983 it received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture. The jury commended the mosque for its boldness, creativity and brilliance, as well as its originality and innovation. In 2007 Hungarian architects called it one of the three best designed places of worship in Europe.

Aga Khan Award for Architecture
The Aga Khan Award for Architecture (AKAA) is an architectural prize established by Aga Khan IV in 1977. It aims to identify and reward architectural concepts that successfully address the needs and aspirations of Muslim societies in the fields of contemporary design, social housing, community development and improvement, restoration, reuse and area conservation, as well as landscape design and improvement of the environment.

The award is associated with the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC), an agency of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN).
Bajo la metralla
Bajo la metralla (English: Under the shrapnel) is a 1983 Mexican thriller film directed by Felipe Cazals. It tells the story of a guerilla group that hides in a safe house with a hostage after a failed attack on a government official. The film is loosely based on the play The Just Assassins by Albert Camus.

The film received the 1984 Ariel Awards for Best Picture, Director, Best Actor for Humberto Zurita and Best Editing for Rafael Ceballos. It was also nominated for Best Supporting Actress (Beatriz Marín), Best Music and Best Set Design.

Felipe Cazals
Felipe Francisco Enrique Cazals Siena (28 July 1937 – 16 October 2021) was a Mexican film director, screenwriter, and producer.

Together with Arturo Ripstein, Cazals was considered in Mexico one of the most representative film directors of his generation. With his films Las Inocentes (1986), Las Poquianchis (1976), El Apando (1976), and Canoa (1976), he was considered to be one of the most creative and bitter-critical filmmakers in the history of Latin American movies.

Canoa was entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival, where it won the Silver Bear - Special Jury Prize.

His 1973 film Aquellos años was entered into the 8th Moscow International Film Festival where it won a Special Prize.

In 2007 he was awarded the National Prize for Arts in the Fine arts category.

He died on October 16, 2021.
Séamus Healy
Séamus Healy (born 9 August 1950) is an Irish independent politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary South constituency intermittently since  a 2000 by-election Healy was most recently elected at the 2024 general election.

He is part of the Clonmel-based Workers and Unemployed Action (WUA) which had a number of local representatives on South Tipperary County Council and Clonmel Borough Council. He is a former member of the League for a Workers Republic.

Workers and Unemployed Action
Workers and Unemployed Action (WUA) is an Irish political party based in Clonmel in South County Tipperary, set up in 1985 by Séamus Healy, who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for Tipperary South intermittently since a 2000 by-election. The party has endorsed and seen a number of its members elected to the South Tipperary County Council, Tipperary County Council, and Clonmel Borough Council.

The organisation was set up in response to lack of employment and the economic situation in the South Tipperary area.

The party supports a progressive taxation system, full employment and Irish unity.
Truyère
The Truyère  (French pronunciation: [tʁy.jɛːʁ]) is a 167-kilometre-long (104 mi) river in south-western France, right tributary of the Lot. Its source is in the south-western Massif Central, north of Mende. It flows generally west through the following départements and towns:

Lozère: Le Malzieu-Ville

Cantal

Aveyron: Entraygues-sur-Truyère

The Truyère flows into the Lot in Entraygues-sur-Truyère. Its main tributaries are the Bès near Albaret-le-Comtal, the Goul near Saint-Hippolyte and the Selves near Campouriez.

The Truyère feeds several reservoirs, like the Lac de Grandval and the Lac de Barrage de Sarrans, to supply hydroelectricity.

The Garabit Viaduct, built by Gustave Eiffel, spans the Truyère near Ruynes-en-Margeride.

Sarrans hydroelectric dam

Truyère river and Château d'Alleuze

Truyère river at Lac de Grandval

Cantal
Cantal (French pronunciation: [kɑ̃tal] ⓘ; Occitan: Cantal or Cantau) is a rural department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France, with its prefecture in Aurillac. Its other principal towns are Saint-Flour (the episcopal see) and Mauriac; its residents are known as Cantalians (French: Cantaliens / Cantaliennes or Cantalous / Cantaloues). Cantal borders the departments of Puy-de-Dôme, Haute-Loire, Aveyron, Lot, Lozère and Corrèze, in the Massif Central natural region.

Along with neighbouring Lozère and Creuse, Cantal is among the most sparsely populated and geographically isolated departments of France and Aurillac is the departmental capital farthest removed from a major motorway. It had a population of 144,692 in 2019, making it the country's 98th most populated department. Of the 96 metropolitan departments, it is the fifth least populated.
Illam (film)
Illam (transl. Home) is a 1988 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by I. V. Sasi, starring Sivakumar and Amala. It is a remake of the Malayalam film Sanmanassullavarkku Samadhanam (1986). The film was released on 12 August 1988.

I. V. Sasi
Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran (28 March 1948 – 24 October 2017) was an Indian film director who made over 110 films predominantly in Malayalam, in addition to Tamil and Hindi languages. In 2015, he was awarded the J. C. Daniel Award, the highest award in Malayalam cinema. Often described as a pathbreaker, Sasi made his mark during Malayalam cinema's transformative period from the 1970s to 1990s.
Alaska Road Commission
The Board of Road Commissioners for Alaska, more commonly known as the Alaska Road Commission or ARC, was created in 1905 as a board of the U.S. War Department. It was responsible for the construction and improvement of many important Alaska highways, such as the Richardson Highway, Steese Highway, Elliot Highway and Edgerton Highway, among others.

The commission was transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1932, and was absorbed by the Bureau of Public Roads, a division of the Commerce Department in 1956. Today, responsibility for road development and maintenance in Alaska lies with the Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities.

Wilds P. Richardson
Wilds Preston Richardson (20 March 1861 in Hunt County, Texas – 20 May 1929) was an officer of the United States Army notable for being an explorer and geographer of Alaska in the early decades of the 20th century. During World War I, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general and, because of his cold weather experience, sent to lead the Polar Bear Expedition, part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. Richardson retired after the war and died in Washington, D.C., in 1929.
24th government of Ireland
The 24th government of Ireland (15 December 1994 – 26 June 1997) was the government formed after the Labour Party had left its previous coalition with Fianna Fáil two years into the 27th Dáil. It was a coalition of Fine Gael, with leader John Bruton as Taoiseach, Labour, with Dick Spring as Tánaiste, and Democratic Left, led by Proinsias De Rossa, known as the Rainbow Coalition. It is the only time to date that a new government was formed within the same Dáil term composed of a different coalition of parties. The 24th government lasted 2 years, 193 days.

Dick Spring
Richard Martin Spring (born 29 August 1950) is an Irish former Labour Party politician who served as Tánaiste from 1982 to 1987, 1992 to November 1994, and December 1994 to 1997, Leader of the Labour Party from 1982 to 1997, Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1993 to November 1994 and December 1994 to 1997, Minister for Energy from 1983 to 1987, and Minister for the Environment from 1982 to 1983. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for Kerry North from 1981 to 2002.

Before his political career, Spring was a successful sportsman who played for the Ireland national rugby union team and the Kerry GAA football and hurling teams.
Adnan Koucher
Adnan Koucher (Arabic:   عدنان كوجر  )  is an Iraqi scholar.

Adnan Koucher was born and grew up in Mosul, Iraq. After obtaining B.Sc. degree from the Faculty of Agriculture & Forestry at the  University of Mosul,  he went to the UK and obtained MSc degree in Rural Social Development from the University of Reading in 1984.

University of Mosul
The University of Mosul (Arabic: جامعة الموصل) is a public university located in Mosul. It is one of the largest educational and research centers in the Middle East, and the second largest in Iraq, behind the University of Baghdad.

The University of Mosul was closed by ISIS (Islamic State) in 2014 but reopened just after a few months with new buildings and courses. Over 8,000 books in its library were believed to have been destroyed. The university was considered to have been used as a base by ISIS and was hit by Combined Joint Task Force airstrikes in March 2016. Iraqi forces recaptured it in January 2017.
Detroit Pistons
The Detroit Pistons are an American professional basketball team based in Detroit. The Pistons compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Central Division of the Eastern Conference. The team plays its home games at Little Caesars Arena, located in Midtown Detroit.

The team was founded as the Fort Wayne Zollner Pistons, a semi-professional company basketball team based in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1937. The club would turn professional in 1941 as a member of the National Basketball League (NBL), where they won two NBL championships (1944 and 1945). The Pistons later joined the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1948. The NBL and BAA merged to become the NBA in 1949, and the Pistons became part of the merged league. In 1957, the franchise moved to Detroit. The Pistons have won three NBA championships: in 1989, 1990 and 2004.

Dave DeBusschere
David Albert DeBusschere (October 16, 1940 – May 14, 2003) was an American professional basketball player and coach, and professional baseball player. He played for the Chicago White Sox of MLB in 1962 and 1963 and in the NBA for the Detroit Pistons from 1962 through 1968 and for the New York Knicks from 1968 to 1974. He was also the head coach for the Pistons from 1964 through 1967.

DeBusschere was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1983. In 1996, DeBusschere was named as one of the 50 greatest players in NBA history. In October 2021, DeBusschere was again honored as one of the league's greatest players of all time by being named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team.
Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty
The Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty (Russian: Пакт о взаимопомощи между СССР и Латвийской Республикой, Latvian: Savstarpējās palīdzības pakts starp Latviju un PSRS) was a bilateral treaty between the Soviet Union and Latvia, signed in Moscow on October 5, 1939. The treaty obliged both parties to respect each other's sovereignty and independence, while in practice allowed the Soviet government to establish military bases in Latvia, which facilitated the Soviet invasion of the country in June 1940.

It was signed by Latvian Minister of Foreign Affairs Vilhelms Munters and Soviet Commissar of Foreign Affairs Vyacheslav Molotov. Ratifications were exchanged in Riga on October 11, 1939, and the treaty became effective on the same day. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on November 6, 1939.

Vilhelms Munters
Gothards Vilhelms Nikolajs Munters (German: Gotthard Wilhelm Nikolai Munter, 25 July 1898 in Riga – 11 January 1967, Riga) was a Latvian diplomat who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia from 1936 to 1940. He was also a member of the Council of the League of Nations from 1936 to 1938, Chairman of the Far East Commission and the president of the 101st Session of the league in 1938.

Munters was the signatory on behalf of the Latvian government in a number of important international agreements with the Baltic states, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1939.
Bryson Mitchell
Bryson Mitchell (born April 3, 2003) is an American professional dirt track racing driver who competes full-time in the Durrence Layne 602 Late Model Sportsman Series and previously part-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 46 Toyota Tundra for G2G Racing. His older brother Braden Mitchell also races.

G2G Racing
G2G Racing, also known as Glory 2 God Racing, was an American stock car racing team that competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, fielding the No. 47 Toyota Tundra part-time for multiple drivers.