hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Auckland Botanic Gardens
Auckland Botanic Gardens is a botanical garden in the New Zealand city of Auckland. It is located in the suburb of Manurewa, in the Manurewa Local Board Area. The garden covers 64 hectares (160 acres), and holds more than 10,000 plants.

Land for the garden was purchased in 1968, developments started in 1973 and the garden opened to the public in 1982. Since its establishment, the garden has been owned and operated by Auckland Council and its predecessors Auckland Regional Authority and Auckland Regional Council.

Manurewa Local Board
The Manurewa Local Board (Māori: Te Poari ā-Rohe o Manurewa) is one of the 21 local boards of the Auckland Council. It is overseen by the Manurewa-Papakura ward councillor.

The local board area includes the areas of Wiri, Hillpark,  Manurewa East, Homai, Weymouth and Wattle Downs.
Bhood
Bhood is a village in Khanapur tehsil of Sangli district in Maharashtra, India.   It is located near the city Vita.

The population of Bhood is 1,889 according to the 2011 Census,
with agriculture being the prime occupation of the village's residents. Some residents are also employed at a Gold Refinery and the Jewellery business. Bhood is recipient of the Nirmal Gram Purskar in Sant Gadage Baba Gram Swachata Abhiyan.

Bhoodsidhhanath
For other uses related to Sidhhanath Temple, see: Sidhhanath Temple (disambiguation)

Bhoodsidhhnatha is another name for the Hindu deity Siddhanath, who is believed  to be incarnation of Shiva. Siddhanath is patron god of adjacent regions and one of among several regional protective (Kshetrapal) gods of Maharashtra. There is a temple dedicated to Bhoodsidhhnatha at the village of Bhood in Maharashtra., India.
Gravelly Point
38°51′54″N 77°02′21″W﻿ / ﻿38.8651°N 77.0391°W﻿ / 38.8651; -77.0391

Gravelly Point is an area within the National Park Service's George Washington Memorial Parkway in Arlington County, Virginia. It is located on the west side of the Potomac River, immediately north of Roaches Run and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.

Gravelly Point has served as an iconic spot for plane spotters, picnickers and others to watch planes take off and land from National Airport for more than half a century.

George Washington Memorial Parkway
The George Washington Memorial Parkway, colloquially the G.W. Parkway, is a 25-mile-long (40 km) limited-access parkway that runs along the south bank of the Potomac River from Mount Vernon, northwest to McLean, Virginia, United States, and is maintained by the National Park Service (NPS). It is located almost entirely in Northern Virginia, except for a short portion of the parkway northwest of the Arlington Memorial Bridge that passes over Columbia Island in Washington, D.C.

The parkway is separated into two sections joined by Washington Street (State Route 400) in Alexandria. A third section, which is the Clara Barton Parkway, runs on the opposite side of the Potomac River in the District of Columbia and suburban Montgomery County, Maryland. A fourth section was originally proposed for Fort Washington, Maryland, but never built. The parkway has been designated an All-American Road.

Virginia's official state designation for the parkway is State Route 90005.
Alfet
An alfet (Old English: ālfæt, "fire vat") was an ancient cauldron filled with boiling water, into which an accused person was to plunge his arm up to his elbow. Its use was a form of trial by ordeal. The arm and hand were then bound and left for three days. If the wound was found to have begun to heal cleanly the person was judged to be innocent. However, if the scald was infected or unhealed, the victim was held to be guilty. It was also used for purgation.

The earliest known use of the noun Alfet is in the Old English period (pre-1150).

Cauldron
A cauldron (or a caldron) is a large pot or kettle used for cooking or boiling, typically over an open fire. It often features a lid, an arc-shaped hanger, and/or integral handles or feet.

While largely replaced by modern cooking vessels in the developed world, the cauldron holds a rich history in religion, mythology, and folklore. In Western culture, it is most commonly associated with witchcraft.
Bachelor of Powalgarh
The Bachelor of Powalgarh (fl. 1920–1930) also known as the King of Powalgarh, was an unusually large male Bengal tiger, said to have been 3.23 m (10 ft 7 in) long. From 1920 to 1930, the Bachelor was the most sought-after big-game trophy in the United Provinces. The British hunter Jim Corbett shot and killed the Bachelor in the winter of 1930, and later told the story in his 1944 book Man-Eaters of Kumaon.

Bengal tiger
The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies. It ranks among the largest of wild cats. It is distributed from India, southern Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan to Southwestern China. Its historical range extended to the Indus Basin until the early 19th century, and it is thought to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistocene about 12,000 to 16,500 years ago. It is threatened by poaching, habitat loss and habitat fragmentation.

As of 2022, the Bengal tiger population was estimated at 3,167–3,682 individuals in India, 316–355 individuals in Nepal, 131 individuals in Bhutan and around 125 individuals in Bangladesh. It is the national animal of India and Bangladesh.
Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.

Social imperialism
As a political term, social imperialism is the political ideology of people, parties, or nations that are, according to Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin, "socialist in words, imperialist in deeds".

Socialists in pre-WWI Germany and 20th century Russia who advocated for imperialism justified their views with select quotations from Marx about great nations conquering smaller nations, as well as Marx's denigration of Slavs. They also argued that anything that advances the power of a leading socialist state, including conquest and imperialism, is good because it ultimately advances socialism.

Some academics use this phrase to refer to governments that engage in imperialism meant to preserve the domestic social peace.
Pawtucket Maroons
The Pawtucket Maroons were an early minor league baseball team based in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. The "Maroons" were part of a Pawtucket tenure as members of the New England League beginning in 1892 and continuing through the 1899 season. Pawtucket teams then played briefly in the 1908 Atlantic League and were members of the Colonial League in 1914 and 1915.

The Colonial teams of the era hosted minor league home games at the Dexter Street Grounds, with select Sunday games played at Crescent Park.

Pawtucket next hosted minor league baseball in 1946, when the Pawtucket Slaters resumed play in the New England League, after a thirty-season gap between Pawtucket minor league teams.

Fall River, Massachusetts minor league baseball history
Minor league baseball teams were based in Fall River, Massachusetts between 1877 and 1949. Fall River teams played as members of the New England Association (1877), League Alliance (1877), New England League (1893–1898, 1902–1913), Colonial League (1914–1915) and New England League (1946–1949), winning five league championships. Fall River hosted home minor league games at the Athletic Grounds beginning in 1893 through 1915 and at Fall River Stadium from 1946 to 1949.

The Fall River Indians were a minor league affiliate of the Chicago White Sox from 1946 to 1949.

Baseball Hall of Fame members Ned Hanlon in 1877, Nap Lajoie in 1896 and Roger Connor in 1897 played for Fall River teams.
Udung Okpor
Udung Okpor is an Oron Village in Urue-Offong/Oruko local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria.

Udung Okpor is formed by the children of Okpor whose father was Ekete Okpo who found primacy at Okpe Oruko after the spread the Ubodung clan in Oron Nation.

Urue-Offong/Oruko
Urue-Offong/Oruko is located in the south east of Nigeria and is a Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State created in September 1991.

Urue-Offong/Oruko is one of the five Oro language speaking Local Government Area bounded in the North West by Okobo, Akwa Ibom, Oron, Akwa Ibom in the North East, bounded in the East by Udung Uko, and in the South East by Mbo, Akwa Ibom and also bounded by Esit Eket in the South West.
Helen Drutt
Helen Williams Drutt English (born November 19, 1930) is an American gallerist, educator, and author who is best known for her efforts to raise the perception of the so-called craft arts (jewelry, ceramics, wood, fiber) to the same level as fine art through her gallery, teaching, and lectures. As a result of her national and international exhibits, lectures, and catalogs, she has been called the "godmother" and "queen" of crafts. She has received many honors, including a Lifetime Achievement in Crafts award from the National Museum of Women in the Arts (1993) and a Lifetime Achievement award from the Society of North American Goldsmiths (2003).

University of the Arts (Philadelphia)
The University of the Arts (UArts) was a private arts university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Its campus made up part of the Avenue of the Arts cultural district in Center City, Philadelphia. On May 31, 2024, university administrators suddenly announced that the university would close on June 7, 2024, although its precarious financial situation had been known for some time. It was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

The university included six schools: the School of Art, School of Dance, School of Design, School of Film, School of Music (accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music), and the Ira Brind School of Theater Arts, along with graduate and professional programs. A Saturday School of art classes for children opened in 1900.
Battle of Yeonpyeong (2002)
The Battle of Yeonpyeong (or Second Battle of Yeonpyeong) (South Korean: 제2연평해전; RR: Je I Yeonpyeong Haejeon) was a confrontation at sea between North Korean and South Korean patrol boats along a disputed maritime boundary near Yeonpyeong Island in the Yellow Sea in 2002. This followed a similar confrontation in 1999. Two North Korean patrol boats crossed the contested border and engaged two South Korean Chamsuri-class patrol boats. The North Koreans withdrew before South Korean reinforcements arrived.

This event sparked controversy in South Korea over the “blocking maneuver” in response to Northern Limit Line violations. Subsequently, the blocking maneuver was removed from the rules of engagement.

Northern Limit Line
The Northern Limit Line or North Limit Line (NLL) – 북방한계선 (in ROK) – is a disputed maritime demarcation line in the Yellow (West) Sea between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in the north, and the Republic of Korea (ROK) in the south. This line of military control acts as the de facto maritime boundary between North and South Korea.
Baldan Bereeven Monastery
Baldan Bereeven Monastery (Mongolian: Балдан бэрээвэн хийд) is a Gelugpa (Yellow Hat) Buddhist monastery located in the Baruun Jargalant River valley Ömnödelger district, Khentii Province, Mongolia.  First established in 1654, the monastery grew to be one of the largest and most important in Mongolia at its height in the mid 19th century, housing up to 8000 monks. The monastery and temple complex were destroyed by Mongolia’s communist regime in 1937.

Ömnödelger, Khentii
Ömnödelger (Mongolian: Өмнөдэлгэр, Front wide) is a sum (district) of Khentii Province in north-eastern Mongolia. The former location of the sum's center is at  47 53 N 109 55 E. The town of Gurvanbayan is 52 km northeast of the sum center's current location. In 2010, its population was 5,156.
1967 NCAA University Division baseball tournament
The 1967 NCAA University Division baseball tournament was played at the end of the 1967 NCAA University Division baseball season to determine the national champion of college baseball.  The tournament concluded with eight teams competing in the College World Series, a double-elimination tournament in its twenty-first year.  Eight regional districts sent representatives to the College World Series with preliminary rounds within each district serving to determine each representative.  These events would later become known as regionals.  Each district had its own format for selecting teams, resulting in 25 teams participating in the tournament at the conclusion of their regular season, and in some cases, after a conference tournament.  The twenty-first tournament's champion was Arizona State, coached by Bobby Winkles.  The Most Outstanding Player was Ron Davini of Arizona State.

Arizona State Sun Devils
The Arizona State Sun Devils are the athletic teams that represent Arizona State University. ASU has nine men's and eleven women's varsity teams competing at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level as a member of the Big 12 Conference. The mascot was adopted in 1946; earlier nicknames were the Normals and later, the Bulldogs. The Sun Devil mascot, Sparky, was designed by Bert Anthony, a former Disney illustrator. ASU's chief rival is the University of Arizona Wildcats, and both universities' athletics departments compete against each other in the Territorial Cup Series.

On August 4, 2023, Arizona State accepted an invite to join the Big 12 Conference, effective August 2, 2024.
Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki
Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki (German: Gemeinde Groß Döbern) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Dobrzeń Wielki, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 63.47 km2 (24.5 sq mi) and, as of 31 December 2022, has a total population of 9,068. Since 2009 it has been an officially bilingual commune in Polish and German, with German recognised as an auxiliary language and bilingual place names in use. Part of the gmina lies within the Stobrawa Landscape Park.

Bilingual municipalities in Poland
The bilingual status of gminas (municipalities) in Poland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish. So far 44 gminas have done this:
Drachenfels Railway
The Drachenfels Railway (German: Drachenfelsbahn) is a rack railway line in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The line runs from Königswinter, on the east bank of the Rhine, to the summit of the Drachenfels mountain at an altitude of 289 m (948 ft). Besides the two terminal stations, an intermediate station serves the Schloss Drachenburg.

The Drachenfels Railway is one of only four rack railways still operational in Germany, along with the Bavarian Zugspitze Railway, the Stuttgart Rack Railway and the Wendelstein Railway.

Schloss Drachenburg
Schloss Drachenburg or Drachenburg Castle is a private villa styled as a palace and constructed in the late 19th century. It was completed in only two years (1882–84) on the Drachenfels hill in Königswinter, a German town on the east bank of the Rhine, south of the city of Bonn. Baron Stephan von Sarter (1833–1902), a broker and banker, planned to live there, but never did.

The villa is owned by the State Foundation of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is served by an intermediate station on the Drachenfels Railway.
Gold as an investment
Gold, alongside platinum and silver, is highly popular among precious metals as an investment. Investors generally buy gold as a way of diversifying risk, especially through the use of futures contracts and derivatives. The gold market is subject to speculation and volatility as are other markets.

London bullion market
The London bullion market is a wholesale over-the-counter market for the trading of gold, silver, platinum and palladium. Trading is conducted amongst members of the London Bullion Market Association (LBMA), tightly overseen by the Bank of England. Most of the members are major international banks or bullion dealers and refiners.

The physical characteristics of gold and silver bars used in settlement in market is described by the Good Delivery specification which is a set of rules issued by the LBMA. It also puts forth requirements for listing on the LBMA Good Delivery List of approved refineries.
Colonia Nápoles
Colonia Nápoles is a colonia  in Benito Juárez, Mexico City in the North central area of the metropolis. Along with Colonia Del Valle,  it's among the most representative of Mid-Century neighborhoods of Mexico City.

Benito Juárez, Mexico City
Benito Juárez (Spanish: [beˈnito ˈxwaɾes] ⓘ), is a borough (demarcación territorial) in Mexico City. It is a largely residential area, located to the south of historic center of Mexico City, although there are pressures for areas to convert to commercial use. It was named after Benito Juárez, president in the 19th century.

The borough has the highest socioeconomic index in the country as it is primarily populated by the middle- and upper-middle classes. The borough is home to a number of landmarks such as the World Trade Center Mexico City, the Estadio Azul, the Plaza México and the Polyforum Cultural Siqueiros.
Romanian Naval Aviation
The Romanian Naval Aviation is the air arm of the Romanian Navy. It was founded in 1920 as Escadrila de hydroplane (Seaplane Squadron). Currently, the Romanian Naval Aviation consists of Grupul 256 Elicoptere (256th Helicopter Group) equipped with IAR 330 Naval helicopters.

Originally, the Seaplane Squadron operated Hansa-Brandenburg W.29 floatplanes and Hansa-Brandenburg FB flying boats. These were followed by native-built aircraft and imports from Italy (flying boats) and Germany (floatplanes), resulting in a sizable and active force of over 70 watercraft by the time of the Second World War.

Romanian frigate Mărășești
Mărășești (F111) is a frigate currently serving with the Romanian Navy. Mărășești served as the flagship of the navy between 1985–2004, when Regele Ferdinand (formerly HMS Coventry) became the new flagship. She is the largest warship of the Romanian Navy ever built in Romania.
The Second Nun's Tale
"The Second Nun's Tale" (Middle English: Þe Seconde Nonnes Tale), written in late Middle English, is part of Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. Narrated by a nun who remains unnamed, it is a hagiography of the life of Saint Cecilia.

The lack of portrait description for the second nun in the General Prologue of The Canterbury Tales has led some scholars to speculate that the tale is merely the second tale of the single nun or of the prioress but this idea is not widely held. Its relationship to the subsequent "The Canon's Yeoman's Tale" is to offer a serious and worthy religious-themed story before a much more irreverent tale of contemporary religious behaviour about foolish alchemists.

Pope Urban I
Pope Urban I (Latin: Urbanus I), also known as Saint Urban (175?–230), was the bishop of Rome from 222 to 23 May 230. He was born in Rome and succeeded Callixtus I, who had been martyred. It was believed for centuries that Urban I was also martyred. However, recent historical discoveries now lead scholars to believe that he died of natural causes.
Hobgood, North Carolina
Hobgood is a town in Halifax County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Hobgood had a population of 268. It is part of the Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Halifax County, North Carolina
Halifax County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,622. Its county seat is Halifax. Halifax County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.
Diego Fernández de Velasco
Diego Fernández de Velasco (8 November 1754 – 11 February 1811), was a Spanish noble, soldier and politician who supported the French during the Peninsular War, and who was therefore known as an Afrancesado. Declared a traitor in 1808, his huge fortune was confiscated and he died, ruined and highly indebted, in Paris, where he is buried.

Afrancesado
Afrancesado (Spanish: [afɾanθeˈsaðo], Portuguese: [ɐfɾɐ̃sɨˈzaðu]; "Francophile" or "turned-French", lit. "Frenchified" or "French-alike") refers to the Spanish and Portuguese supporters of Enlightenment ideas, Liberalism, or the French Revolution, that supported Napoleon's occupation as a means to implant these ideas in Spain.

In principle, afrancesados were upper-and-middle class supporters of the French occupation of Iberia (Portugal and Spain), preferring the reforms of the "enlightened despots" Napoleon I and his brother Joseph Bonaparte (installed by Napoleon as King of Spain) or, as a lesser evil, preferring to avoid the consequences of outright war with the greatest military power in Europe.
Propaganda (band)
Propaganda is a German synth-pop band formed in Düsseldorf in 1982. They signed a recording contract with the UK label ZTT Records in 1983 and released their first single "Dr. Mabuse" in 1984. Their debut studio album, the critically acclaimed A Secret Wish, was released in mid-1985, and contained both "Dr. Mabuse" and the hit single "Duel" (both singles were UK Top 30 hits). A second studio album, 1234, was recorded with a markedly different line-up and released in 1990 by Virgin Records to less success. There have been several partial reformations of the group in the 21st century, with the original vocalists Claudia Brücken and Susanne Freytag currently active as xPropaganda who released a new album in 2022, and the remaining original members Ralf Dörper and Michael Mertens continuing as Propaganda and releasing an album in 2024 with a guest vocalist Thunder Bae.

Heaven 17
Heaven 17 are an English synth-pop band formed in Sheffield in 1980. The band were originally a trio of vocalist Glenn Gregory and Human League co-founders Martyn Ware and Ian Craig Marsh, both on synthesizers.

The band achieved their biggest critical and commercial successes with their first three albums, Penthouse and Pavement (1981), The Luxury Gap (1983), and How Men Are (1984). Originally a studio-only group, they did not play their first live concerts until 1997. Marsh left the band in 2006, since which time Gregory and Ware have continued as a duo.