hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philippe Da Costa
Philippe Da Costa (born 7 December 1962) served as the president of the World Scout Committee and as the Commissaire général (General Commissioner) of the Scouts de France from 1995 to 2002. He is currently the national president of the French Red Cross and a member of the Economic, Social and Environmental Council. In May 2008, he was appointed president of the National Institute of Youth and Popular Education (INJEP).

Scouts et Guides de France
Scouts et Guides de France (Scouts and Guides of France, SGdF) is the largest Scouting and Guiding association in France. It was formed on 1 September 2004 from the merger of two Roman Catholic Scouting organizations: the Guides de France (founded in 1923) and the Scouts de France (SdF, founded 25 July 1920). Through Scoutisme Français, SGdF is a member of both WOSM and WAGGGS.

SGdF claims 61,181 youth members and 27,399 volunteers in 863 local groups. It is active in the rebirth of Scouting in Ukraine and Belarus and strengthening Scouting in French Polynesia. The National Centre of the association is at Chateau de Jambville which is 50 km southwest of Paris.
Virelai
A virelai is a form of medieval French verse used often in poetry and music. It is one of the three formes fixes (the others were the ballade and the rondeau) and was one of the most common verse forms set to music in Europe from the late thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries.

One of the most famous composers of virelai is Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1300–1377), who also wrote his own verse; 33 separate compositions in the form survive by him. Other composers of virelai include Jehannot de l'Escurel, one of the earliest (d. 1304), and Guillaume Dufay (c. 1400–1474), one of the latest.

By the mid-15th century, the form had become largely divorced from music, and numerous examples of this form (including the ballade and the rondeau) were written, which were either not intended to be set to music, or for which the music has not survived.

A virelai with only a single stanza is also known as a bergerette.

Bergerette
A bergerette, or shepherdess' air, is a form of early rustic French song.

The bergerette, developed by Burgundian composers, is a virelai with only one stanza. It is one of the "fixed forms" of early French song and related to the rondeau. Examples include Josquin's Bergerette savoyene included in Petrucci's Odhecaton (1501).
Chelow kabab
Chelow kebab or chelow kabab (Persian: چلوکباب [t͡ʃʰeˌlow.kʰæˈbɒːb]) is an Iranian dish consisting of steamed rice (chelow) and one of the many varieties of Iranian kebab. It is considered the national dish of Iran, and was probably created during the time of the Qajar dynasty.

Chelow kabab is served with accompaniments such as butter, sumac powder, basil, onions, and grilled tomatoes. The traditional beverage accompanied with chelow kebab is doogh, an Iranian yogurt-based drink, sometimes made of carbonated water.

In the old bazaar tradition, the rice and accompaniments are served first, immediately followed by the kababs, which are threaded on skewers, as well as a piece of flat bread (typically lavash). A skewer is placed directly on the rice and while holding the kabab down on the rice with the bread, the skewer is quickly pulled out.

Kebab
Kebab (UK: /kɪˈbæb/ kib-AB, US: /kɪˈbɑːb/ kib-AHB), kebap, kabob (alternative North American spelling), kebob, or kabab (Hindi and Kashmiri spelling) is a variety of roasted meat dishes that originated in the Middle East.

Kebabs consist of cut-up meat, sometimes with vegetables and various other accompaniments according to the specific recipe. Although kebabs are typically cooked on a skewer over a fire, some kebab dishes are oven-baked in a pan, or prepared as a stew such as tas kebab. The traditional meat for kebabs is most often lamb meat, but regional recipes may include beef, goat, chicken, fish, or even pork (depending on whether or not there are specific religious prohibitions).
Merciless Parliament
The Merciless Parliament was an English parliamentary session lasting from 3 February to 4 June 1388, at which many members of King Richard II's court were convicted of treason. The session was preceded by a period in which Richard's power was revoked and the kingdom placed under the regency of the Lords Appellant. Richard had launched an abortive military attempt to overthrow the Lords Appellant and negotiate peace with the kingdom of France so he could focus all his resources against his domestic enemies. The Lords Appellant counteracted the attempt and called the parliamentary session to expose his attempts to make peace. Parliament reacted with hostility and convicted almost all of Richard's advisers of treason. Most were executed and a few exiled. Parliament was dissolved after violence broke out in Kent and the Duke of York and his allies began objecting to some executions. The term "merciless" was coined by Augustinian chronicler Henry Knighton.

Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford
Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford, KG (16 January 1362 – 22 November 1392) was a favourite and court companion of King Richard II of England. He was the ninth Earl of Oxford and the first Duke of Ireland and the only Marquess of Dublin. He was also the first person to be created a Marquess.
Saltag-Tas
Saltag-Tas (Russian: Салтага-Тас) is a mountain in the Ust-Yansky District, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. At 2,021 m (6,631 ft) it is the highest mountain in the Selennyakh Range, part of the wider Chersky Range (Momsko-Chersk Region), East Siberian System.

Chersky Range
The Chersky Range (Russian: Хребет Черского, Yakut: Черскэй хайалара, romanized: Çerskey xayalara) is a chain of mountains in northeastern Siberia between the Yana and Indigirka Rivers. Administratively, the area of the range belongs to the Sakha Republic, although a small section in the east is within Magadan Oblast. The highest peak in the range is the 3,003-metre-tall (9,852 ft) Peak Pobeda, part of the Ulakhan-Chistay Range. The range also includes important places of traditional Yakut culture, such as Ynnakh Mountain (Mat'-Gora) and kigilyakh rock formations.

The Moma Natural Park is a  protected area  located in the southern zone of the range.
Greensboro Historic District (Greensboro, Alabama)
The Greensboro Historic District is a historic district in the city of Greensboro, Alabama, United States. Greensboro was incorporated as a town in December 1823 as Greensborough. The community was known as Troy prior to that time. The historic district is centered on Main Street and runs from Hobson Street on the western side of the city to 1st Street on the eastern side. It features examples of Federal, Greek Revival, and regional vernacular architecture. One significant contributing property is Magnolia Hall. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1976.

Greensboro, Alabama
Greensboro is a city in Hale County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, Greensboro had a population of 2,218. The city is the county seat of Hale County, Alabama, which was not organized until 1867. It is part of the Tuscaloosa, Alabama metropolitan area.
Quiberon
Quiberon (French pronunciation: [kibʁɔ̃]; Breton: Kiberen, [kiˈbeːrən]) is a commune in the French department of Morbihan, administrative region of Brittany, western France.

It is  on the southern part of the Quiberon peninsula, the northern part being the commune of Saint-Pierre-Quiberon. It is primarily known as a seaside resort for French tourists during summer, and for its history of sardine production.

Quiberon is connected to the mainland by a tombolo.

Saint-Pierre-Quiberon
Saint-Pierre-Quiberon (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ pjɛʁ kibʁɔ̃]; Breton: Sant-Pêr-Kiberen) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. The commune occupies the northern part of the Quiberon peninsula, that it shares with the commune of Quiberon.
Chartism in Wales
Chartism originated in Wales in Carmarthen under the influence of Hugh Williams, a solicitor and radical reformer. Williams claimed he "got up the first radical meeting in south Wales" in the autumn of 1836 when he founded Carmarthen Working Men's Association. This followed on from the foundation the previous year of the London Working Men's Association by William Lovett and Henry Hetherington, Hetherington was a friend of Hugh Williams and is likely to have influenced his activities in south Wales. The People's Charter, embodying six points, was published in May 1838, with an address by Lovett and Hetherington. It became the focus of widespread meetings in support of its objectives throughout Britain. The People's Charter was later published in Welsh increasing the movement's appeal in Welsh-speaking areas. Chartism in Wales reached its climax in November 1839 with the Newport Rising and subsequent treason trial of Chartist leaders.

Llanidloes
Llanidloes (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˈɪdlɔɨs] ⓘ) is a town and community on the A470 and B4518 roads in Powys, within the historic county boundaries of Montgomeryshire (Welsh: Sir Drefaldwyn), Wales. The population in 2011 was 2,929, of whom 15% could speak Welsh. It is the third largest settlement in Montgomeryshire, after Newtown and Welshpool.

It is the first town on the River Severn (Welsh: Afon Hafren), counting from the source. The town's Member of Parliament is Steve Witherden of the Labour Party (MP since 2024) and its Member of the Senedd is Russell George of the Conservatives (MS since 2011).
Egertonodus
Egertonodus is an extinct genus of shark-like hybodont fish. It includes E. basanus from the Jurassic of Europe and North Africa and Cretaceous of North America, North Africa and Europe, and E. duffini from the Middle Jurassic of England. Indeterminate remains of the genus have been reported from the Early Cretaceous of Asia. E. basanus is known from preserved skull material, while E. duffini is only known from teeth. The genus is distinguished from Hybodus sensu stricto by characters of the skull and teeth. E. basanus, the most common species, is thought to have reached 1.5 m (4 ft 11in) in length. E. fraasi from the Late Jurassic of Germany, known from a poorly preserved full body fossil, was placed in Egertonodus in one study, but this has been subsequently questioned by other authors, due to strong differences in tooth morphology from the type species. Fossils have been found in freshwater and lagoonal environments.

Hybodontiformes
Hybodontiformes, commonly called hybodonts, are an extinct group of shark-like cartilaginous fish (chondrichthyans) which existed from the late Devonian to the Late Cretaceous. Hybodonts share a close common ancestry with modern sharks and rays (Neoselachii) as part of the clade Euselachii. They are distinguished from other chondrichthyans by their distinctive fin spines and cephalic spines present on the heads of males. An ecologically diverse group, they were abundant in marine and freshwater environments during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic, but were rare in open marine environments by the end of the Jurassic, having been largely replaced by modern sharks, though they were still common in freshwater and marginal marine habitats. They survived until the end of the Cretaceous, before going extinct.
Mark 46 torpedo
The Mark 46 torpedo is the backbone of the United States Navy's lightweight anti-submarine warfare torpedo inventory and is the NATO standard. These aerial torpedoes are designed to attack high-performance submarines. In 1989, an improvement program for the Mod 5 to the Mod 5A and Mod 5A(S) increased its shallow-water performance. The Mark 46 was initially developed as Research Torpedo Concept I (RETORC I), one of several weapons recommended for implementation by Project Nobska, a 1956 summer study on submarine warfare.

Aerial torpedo
An aerial torpedo (also known as an airborne torpedo or air-dropped torpedo) is a torpedo launched from an aircraft into the water, after which the weapon propels itself to the target. They are generally smaller and lighter than submarine- or ship-launched torpedoes.

First used in World War I, aerial torpedoes were used extensively in World War II by torpedo bombers against large surface vessels, especially in aircraft carrier-dominated naval battles of the Pacific War. They remain in limited use today mainly for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) by maritime patrol aircraft and naval helicopters.
Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyūshū
Kokurakita-ku (小倉北区) is a ward of Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Japan. It is the north part of what used to be Kokura City before the merger of five cities to create the new city of Kitakyūshū in 1963. JR Kyūshū's Kokura Station is the main rail hub of Kitakyūshū, and the Sanyō Shinkansen stops there.
It has a population of 184,545 persons as of the 2000 national census and an area of 39.27 km2.

Riverwalk Kitakyushu
Riverwalk Kitakyushu (リバーウォーク北九州, Ribāwōku Kitakyūshū) is a prestigious shopping centre near the Murasaki river and Kokura Castle in Kokura Kita ward, Kitakyushu, Japan. It was opened as part of the Kitakyushu Renaissance policy on April 19, 2003. It includes theatres, restaurants, a multiplex cinema, NHK studios, the head offices of Zenrin Co. and the Asahi Shimbun (West area), and a branch of the Kitakyushu city art museum.
Anzhou, Mianyang
Anzhou District (simplified Chinese: 安州区; traditional Chinese: 安州區; pinyin: Ānzhōu Qū) formerly An County is a district of the city of Mianyang, in northeastern Sichuan province, China.

It has an area of 1,184 square kilometres (457 sq mi) and a population of 372,962 in 2020.

Mianyang
Mianyang (simplified Chinese: 绵阳; traditional Chinese: 綿陽; pinyin: Miányáng; Wade–Giles: Mien2-yang2; Sichuanese romanization: Mien2-iang2; formerly known as Mienchow, Chinese: 綿州; pinyin: Mianzhou; Sichuanese romanization: Miencheo; lit. 'Mian Prefecture') is the second largest prefecture-level city of Sichuan province in Southwestern China. It borders Nanchong City to the east, Suining City to the south, Deyang City to the southwest, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture to the west, Gansu Province to the north, and Guangyuan City to the northeast. Located in north-central Sichuan covering an area of 20,281 square kilometres (7,831 sq mi) consisting of Jiangyou, a county-level city, five counties, and three urban districts. At the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, the resident population will be 4.922 million, with an urbanization rate of 56.93%, an urban population of 2,802,100, and a rural population of 2.1199 million.
Uzun District
Uzun is a district of Surxondaryo Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the town Uzun. It has an area of 1,630 km2 (630 sq mi) and its population is 173,900 (2021 est.). The district consists of nine urban-type settlements (Uzun, Chinor, Ulanqul, Qarashiq, Yangi kuch, Jonchekka, Malandiyon, Mehnat, Yangi roʻzgʻor) and seven rural communities.

Uzun, Uzbekistan
Uzun (Uzbek: Uzun/Узун, Russian: Узун) is an urban-type settlement in Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Uzun District. Its population was 11,620 people in 1989, and 14,600 in 2016.
Scarlet Heart 2
Scarlet Heart 2 (Chinese: 步步惊情) is a 2014 Chinese television series. It is the sequel to Scarlet Heart (2011), and continues the story after the time traveling protagonist, Zhang Xiao (Cecilia Liu), returns to her own time following the death of Ma'ertai Ruoxi. The story is not considered to be canon to Tong Hua's novel Bu Bu Jing Xin because the author never wrote a sequel, although some of the cast members from the first series have returned. Unlike its predecessor, the series does not involve time traveling and is set in the present, resolving the loose ends left by the first series' cliffhanger.

It began filming in Tianjin, China in March 2013 and ended in Hong Kong in June 2013. The series aired on Zhejiang TV from 22 April to 7 May 2014. Due to the restrictions on time-traveling dramas in mainland China, the 39 original episodes were cut down to 35 and re-assembled to 41.

Bu Bu Jing Xin
Startling by Each Step, also known as Bubu Jingxin (Chinese: 步步驚心), was Tong Hua's debut novel.
Originally published online in 2005 on Jinjiang Original Network (晉江原創網), it was later published by Ocean Press (海洋出版社), National Press (民族出版社), Huashan Arts Press (花山文藝出版社), Hunan Literature and Art Publishing House (湖南文藝出版社), and Yeren Culture Publishing (野人文化出版社). Tong Hua revised the novel in 2009 and 2011. The latest edition contained an additional 30,000 word epilogue.

The story features a twenty-first century woman who gets transported back in time to the court dramas of the late Kangxi reign of the Qing dynasty. The novel was most prominently adapted as the television series Scarlet Heart, and was later also adapted into a radio drama, feature, film, stage play and a Korean drama.
K. Balakrishnan
Kesavan Balakrishnan (March 18, 1924 – July 16, 1984) was a politician, publisher, writer, columnist and editor. He was born to C. Kesavan, former Chief Minister of the erstwhile Travancore-Cochin state, and Mrs. Vasanthi. He had taken active part in the struggle for independence and was jailed six times.

C. Kesavan
C. Kesavan (23 May 1891 – 7 July 1969) was an Indian politician who served as the chief minister of Travancore-Cochin from 1950 to 1952. He began his public life as an activist in the Ezhava movement, and gained prominence through his leadership in the Nivarthana movement (abstension movement) in Travancore, demanding adequate representation for backward communities in the legislature.
Waterbury (CDP), Vermont
Waterbury is an unincorporated village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Waterbury, Washington County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,897 at the 2020 census. The former village of Waterbury was dissolved in 2017, and its governmental functions were merged with the town of Waterbury.

Waterbury, Vermont
Waterbury is a town in Washington County in central Vermont, United States. Although the town is still home to the Waterbury Village Historic District, the village sharing the name of the town officially dissolved as a municipality in 2018. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,331.
Keighley and Kendal Turnpike
The Keighley and Kendal Turnpike was a road built in 1753 by a turnpike trust between Keighley in the West Riding of Yorkshire and Kendal in Westmorland, England. The primary instigators were in Settle.  The road followed a modified ancient route through Craven. It necessitated bridge widening, reorientation in some of the towns it passed and the relocation of inns and stables. The road was of great benefit to commerce in the northwest but proved a financial loss as the cost of repairing wear caused by heavy traffic was underestimated. The trust's records were lost when it closed.

Turnpike trust
Turnpike trusts were bodies set up by individual acts of Parliament, with powers to collect road tolls for maintaining the principal roads in Britain from the 17th but especially during the 18th and 19th centuries. At the peak, in the 1830s, over 1,000 trusts  administered around 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of turnpike road in England and Wales, taking tolls at almost 8,000 toll-gates and side-bars.

During the early 19th century the concept of the turnpike trust was adopted and adapted to manage roads within the British Empire (Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, and South Africa) and in the United States.

Turnpikes declined with the coming of the railways and then the Local Government Act 1888 gave responsibility for maintaining main roads to county councils and county borough councils.
Transmission IV
Transmission IV is the fourth and final Transmission information service release (only available to subscribers) by British progressive rock band Porcupine Tree. It contains a complete improvisation of what would become the song "Moonloop", included on the 1995 release The Sky Moves Sideways.

The 2006 reissue is an exact reproduction of the originally issued fan club edition, which was released 2001 and was limited to 500 copies. The reissue has also been remastered by Steven Wilson.

The Sky Moves Sideways
The Sky Moves Sideways is the third studio album by English progressive rock band Porcupine Tree, first released on 30 January 1995. It was their first album to be released in the US.

The album has been compared to Pink Floyd's Wish You Were Here because of their similar structure: both albums have extended pieces at the beginning and end, which are the halves of a single song.
King Street, Sydney
King Street  is a street in the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. It stretches from King Street Wharf and Lime Street near Darling Harbour in the west, to Queens Square at St James railway station in the east.

Lime Street, Sydney
Lime Street  is a street in the central business district of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. It stretches from  King Street near Darling Harbour in the south and extends slightly north of the end of Erskine Street.

It is in a former maritime industrial area on the eastern shore of Darling Harbour which is undergoing an extensive redevelopment.

Lime Street is an eastern boundary of the commercial waterfront development of the King Street Wharf.
Hildre Church
Hildre Church (Norwegian: Hildre kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Haram Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hildrestranda. It is one of the two churches for the Brattvåg parish which is part of the Nordre Sunnmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1934 using plans drawn up by the architect Otto Hald. The church seats about 385 people.

Hildre
Hildre is a village in Haram Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is also called Hildrestranda, which is also the name of the beach that stretches from Synnaland to Gamlemshaugen. Hildre Church is located in the village.
Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.

Murg (Northern Black Forest)
The Murg (German pronunciation: [mʊʁk] ⓘ) is an 80.2-kilometre-long river (including its headstream, the Rechtmurg) and tributary of the Rhine in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows through the Northern Black Forest into the Upper Rhine Plain, crossing the counties of Freudenstadt and Rastatt.