hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Essential fatty acid interactions
There is a wide variety of fatty acids found in nature. Two classes of fatty acids are considered essential, the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Essential fatty acids are necessary for humans but cannot be synthesized by the body and must therefore be obtained from food. Omega-3 and omega-6 are used in some cellular signaling pathways and are involved in mediating inflammation, protein synthesis, and metabolic pathways in the human body.

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a 20-carbon omega-6 essential fatty acid. It sits at the head of the "arachidonic acid cascade," which initiates 20 different signalling pathways that control a wide array of biological functions, including inflammation, cell growth, and the central nervous system. Most AA in the human body is derived from dietary linoleic acid (18:2 ω-6), which is found in nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, and animal fats.

Linoleic acid
Linoleic acid (LA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH. Both alkene groups (−CH=CH−) are cis. It is a fatty acid sometimes denoted 18:2 (n−6) or 18:2 cis-9,12. A linoleate is a salt or ester of this acid.

Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated, omega−6 fatty acid. It is a colorless liquid that is virtually insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents. It typically occurs in nature as a triglyceride (ester of glycerin) rather than as a free fatty acid. It is one of two essential fatty acids for humans, who must obtain it through their diet, and the most essential, because the body uses it as a base to make the others.

The word "linoleic" derives from Latin  linum 'flax' and  oleum 'oil', reflecting the fact that it was first isolated from linseed oil.
Minolta
Minolta Co., Ltd. (ミノルタ, Minoruta) was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, lenses, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers. Minolta Co., Ltd., which is also known simply as Minolta, was founded in Osaka, Japan, in 1928 as Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten (日独写真機商店; meaning Japanese-German camera shop). It made the first integrated autofocus 35 mm SLR camera system. In 1931, the company adopted its final name, an acronym for "Mechanism, Instruments, Optics, and Lenses by Tashima".

In 2003, Minolta merged with Konica to form Konica Minolta. On 19 January 2006, Konica Minolta announced that it was leaving the camera and photo business, and that it would sell a portion of its SLR camera business to Sony as part of its move to pull completely out of the business of selling cameras and photographic film.

In 2017, Konica Minolta sold the Minolta trademark to JMM Lee Properties, which licensed it to Elite brands for line of digital cameras, camcorders, and dashcams.

Minolta Maxxum 7000
The Minolta MAXXUM 7000 (7000 AF in Europe and α-7000 in Japan) 35 mm SLR camera was introduced in February 1985. It was the first camera to feature both integrated autofocus (AF) and motorised film advance, the standard configuration for later amateur and professional single lens reflex cameras.
Appenzell–St. Gallen–Trogen railway
The Appenzell–St. Gallen–Trogen railway, also known as the Durchmesserlinie (lit. 'diameter line'), is a metre gauge interurban tramway in the Swiss cantons of Appenzell Innerrhoden and Ausserrhoden and the city of St. Gallen. It is the steepest adhesion railway in Switzerland with a gradient of up to 8.0% and forms part of the network of the Appenzell Railways (Appenzeller Bahnen, AB). The line's two branches were completed in sections between 1889 and 1904 by the St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altstätten Railway and the Trogen Railway. The two lines were connected by the AB with a cross-city route through St. Gallen in 2018. The line is operated by light rails of AB, which run as S20, S21 and S22 services of the St. Gallen S-Bahn.

Trolleybuses in St. Gallen
The St. Gallen trolleybus system (Alemannic German: Trolleybussystem St. Gallen) forms part of the public transport network of St. Gallen, the capital city of the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Opened in 1950, the system is currently operated by Verkehrsbetriebe St.Gallen (VBSG).  As of 2012, it consists of a cross-city line and three radial lines, all of which meet at St. Gallen railway station, and has a total route length of 22.6 km (14.0 mi).
48 kos parikrama
The 48 kos parikrama is a parikrama (a circumbabulatory pilgrimage) of various Mahabharata-related and other Vedic-era tirthas (Hindu sacred sites) around the Hindu holy city of Kurukshetra in the state of Haryana, India.

Associated with Krishna and the Mahabharata, it is an important place of pilgrimage for Hindus. It is one of three major pilgrimages related to Krishna in North India, the others being the "Braj parikarma" in Mathura in Uttar Pradesh state and "Dwarka parkarma" at Dwarkadhish Temple in Gujarat state.

Gita Mahotsav
Gita Mahotsav (Sanskrit: गीतामहोत्सव, romanized: Gītāmahotsava), Gita Jayanti, also known as Mokshada Ekadashi or Matsya Dvadashi is a Hindu observance that marks the day the Bhagavad Gita dialogue occurred between Arjuna and Krishna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. It is celebrated on Shukla Ekadashi, the 11th day of the waxing moon of the lunar month Margashirsha (December–January) of the Hindu calendar.
1995 Skoal Bandit Copper World Classic
The 1995 Skoal Bandit Copper World Classic was a pickup truck race held on February 5, 1995 at the Phoenix International Raceway in Avondale, Arizona. It was the first event of the 1995 NASCAR SuperTruck Series, the first season of what is now the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and the first edition of what is now the Craftsman 150.

Ron Hornaday Jr. of Dale Earnhardt, Inc. won the pole position, while Mike Skinner of Richard Childress Racing won the race after leading a race-high 30 laps.

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Phoenix Raceway
The NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series at Phoenix Raceway is a NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series race held at Phoenix Raceway. The 150-lap, 1 mile (1.6 km) race has been the last race of the year for the Truck Series between 2020 and 2025.
Kemp Town railway station
Kemp Town railway station was the terminus station of the Kemp Town branch line, a short branch line serving the Kemptown district of Brighton, England.

The branch line opened in 1869, running from a junction off the Brighton to Lewes line between London Road and Moulsecoomb stations. It was expensive to construct, requiring a tunnel and a large viaduct.

The passenger service declined after 1917 due to tramway competition, and ceased at the end of 1932, but goods trains continued to operate on the line until 1971.

London Road (Brighton) railway station
London Road (Brighton) railway station is a railway station located in Round Hill, an inner suburb of Brighton in East Sussex, England. It is the first intermediate station on the Brighton branch of the East Coastway Line, 57 chains (1.1 km) down the line from Brighton station. The station is managed by Southern, who operate all services on the line.
It is parenthesised London Road (Brighton) to avoid confusion of the station of same name in Guildford.  
Despite its name, the station is not located on London Road, which passes some 400 yards (370 m) southwest of the station and bears the name Preston Road at the nearest point.
Turkey women's national handball team
The Turkey women's national handball team is the national handball team of Turkey for women and is managed by the Turkey Handball Federation.

The team achieved second place in Mediterranean Games in 2009 and championship in Islamic Solidarity Games in 2022. The team is being coached by Costică Buceschi from Romania in 2023. Turkey qualified for the country's first European Women's Handball Championship in 2024. Two years later, they will take part as co-host in 2026.

Sevilay İmamoğlu Öcal
Sevilay İmamoğlu Öcal (born Sevilay İmamoğlu October 7, 1984 in Lüleburgaz, Kırklareli Province) is a Turkish retired handball goalkeeper who plays in the Super League for  Bursa BB. She was a member of the Turkish national team. She studied physical education and sports at the Gazi University in Ankara.
Tafas
Tafas (Arabic: طفس, also spelled Tafs or Tuffas) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located north of Daraa. Nearby localities include al-Shaykh Saad and Nawa to the north, Da'el, Abtaa and al-Shaykh Maskin to the northeast, Saham al-Jawlan and Adwan to the northwest and Muzayrib to the southwest. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Tafas had a population of 32,236 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslim.

Muzayrib
Muzayrib (Arabic: مُزَيْرِيب, also spelled Mzerib, Mzeireb, Mzereeb, Mezereeb or al-Mezereeb) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located northwest of Daraa on the Jordan–Syria border. Nearby localities include al-Shaykh Saad and Nawa to the north, Da'el, Tafas and al-Shaykh Maskin to the northeast, and al-Yadudah to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Muzayrib had a population of 12,640 in the 2004 census. The town is also the administrative center of the Muzayrib nahiyah (subdistrict) consisting of nine villages with a combined population of 72,625. Muzayrib also has a community of Palestinian refugees.
Cinematograph Act 1909
The Cinematograph Act 1909 (9 Edw. 7. c. 30) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was the first primary legislation in the UK which specifically regulated the film industry.  It unintentionally provided the legal basis for film censorship, leading to the establishment of the British Board of Film Censors in 1912.

British Board of Film Classification
The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is a non-governmental organisation founded by the British film industry in 1912 and responsible for the national classification and censorship of films exhibited at cinemas and video works (such as television programmes, trailers, adverts, public information/campaigning films, menus, bonus content, etc.) released on physical media within the United Kingdom. It has a statutory requirement to classify all video works released on VHS, DVD, Blu-ray (including 3D and 4K UHD formats), and, to a lesser extent, some video games under the Video Recordings Act 1984. The BBFC was also the designated regulator for the UK age-verification scheme, which was abandoned before being implemented.
Roma War Memorial and Heroes Avenue
War Memorial and Heroes Avenue is a heritage-listed memorial at Bungil Street, Roma, Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1920. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Roma, Queensland
Roma is a rural town and locality in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre of the Maranoa Region. The town was incorporated in 1867 and is named after Lady Diamantina Bowen (née di Roma), the wife of Sir George Bowen, the Governor of Queensland at the time. In the 2021 census, the locality of Roma had a population of 6,838 people.
Fort Edward (village), New York
Fort Edward is a village in Washington County, New York, United States. It is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village population was 3,375 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from the younger brother of King George III, Edward Augustus, Duke of York and Albany.

The village is part of the town of Fort Edward, which contains the county seat of Washington County just north of the village limits.

Washington County, New York
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,302. The county seat is Fort Edward. The county was named for U.S. President George Washington. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
Vanna Venturi House
The Vanna Venturi House, one of the first prominent works of the postmodern architecture movement, is located in the neighborhood of Chestnut Hill in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It was designed by architect Robert Venturi for his mother, Vanna Venturi, and built between 1962 and 1964.

The five-room house stands only about 30 feet (9 m) tall, but has a monumental front facade, an effect achieved by intentionally manipulating the architectural elements that indicate a building's scale.  Elements such as a non-structural applique arch and "hole in the wall" windows were an open challenge to Modernist orthodoxy, as described in Venturi's 1966 book Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture .
Architectural historian Vincent Scully called it "the biggest small building of the second half of the twentieth century."

Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia
Chestnut Hill is a neighborhood in the Northwest Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.  It is known for the high incomes of its residents and high real estate values, as well as its private schools.
Calayan, Cagayan
Calayan, officially the Municipality of Calayan (Ilocano: Ili ti Calayan; Ivatan: Kavahayan nu Calayan; Ibanag: Ili nat Calayan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Calayan), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 18,008 people.

It is home to the Calayan rail, a flightless bird identified as a separate species in 2004 and endemic to Calayan Island.

Calayan Island
Calayan Island is located about 24 miles (21 nmi; 39 km) west-southwest of Babuyan Island off the north coast of the Philippines and belongs to the Babuyan Islands group in the Luzon Strait. The island is hemmed between Aparri and Batanes islands and it is larger than the Fuga Island, which is 25 miles (40 km) away. Calayan is home to the Calayan rail, a flightless bird identified as a separate species in 2004 and endemic to Calayan Island. The island is part of the Municipality of Calayan.
Reformed Evangelical Anglican Church of South Africa
The Reformed Evangelical Anglican Church of South Africa (REACH-SA), known until 2013 as the Church of England in South Africa (CESA), is a Christian denomination in South Africa. It was constituted in 1938 as a federation of churches. It appointed its first bishop in 1955. It is an Anglican church (though not a member of the Anglican Communion) and it relates closely to the Sydney Diocese of the Anglican Church of Australia, to which it is similar in that it sees itself as a bastion of the Reformation and particularly of reformed doctrine.

Fred Morris (bishop)
Christianity portal

George Frederick Bingley Morris  (1884–1965) was an Anglican Bishop of North Africa in the mid 20th century.

Morris was born in Edinburgh and educated at Queens' College, Cambridge and ordained in 1911. After a curacy at St Paul Portman Square, he became a missionary in Uganda. Moving to Morocco, he became Archdeacon of North Africa in 1936. Returning to England, he was Rector of Illogan until his elevation to the episcopate in 1943.

In 1954, he resigned as Bishop of North Africa and became the first bishop of the Church of England in South Africa in 1955: CESA was not part of the Church of England, despite its name. Geoffrey Fisher, the then Archbishop of Canterbury, described this action as putting himself "outside the fellowship of the Anglican Communion". In 1959, he consecrated Stephen Bradley as an assistant bishop, who would eventually serve as his successor; it is highly unusual for a single bishop to undertake a consecration alone.
Doğubayazıt
Doğubayazıt (Kurdish: Bazîd; Armenian: Պայազատ, romanized: Payazat or Դարոյնք, Daruynk) is a town of Ağrı Province of Turkey, near the border with Iran. Its elevation is 1625 m. It is the seat of Doğubayazıt District. Its population is 80,061 (2021). Also known as Kurdava, the town was the capital of the self-declared Republic of Ararat, a short-lived Kurdish state centered in the Ağrı Province. Demographic research has identified Doğubayazıt as a predominantly Kurdish-speaking city: a public health study by Bakiray Küçükkaya and Erbaydar (2012) noted that "the mother tongue of the majority of the population is Kurdish" in the district. Demographic studies of Kurdish-majority provinces in Turkey have consistently included Doğubayazıt (in Ağrı Province) among areas with high concentrations of Kurdish speakers.

Ibrahim Heski
Ibrahim Heski or Ibrahim Pasha Haski Tello (Kurdish: Biroyê Heskê Têlî; 1877, Diyadin – July 25, 1931, Siah Cheshmeh, Iran) was a Kurdish soldier, politician and president of the Kurdish Republic of Ararat. He was from the Jalali tribe.
Pouter
The Pouter or Cropper pigeons are domesticated varieties of the rock dove, Columba livia, characterized by a very large, inflatable crop.  They are kept as ornamental or fancy breeds, valued for their unusual appearance. There are many varieties of pouter with little in common except for the nature of the crop.  The origin of the breed group is unknown, but Pouters have been bred in Europe for at least 400 years.

Fancy pigeon
Fancy pigeon refers to any breed of domestic pigeon, which is a domesticated form of the wild rock dove (Columba livia). They are bred by pigeon fanciers for various traits relating to size, shape, color, and behavior, and often exhibited at pigeon shows, fairs and other livestock exhibits.

There are about 800 pigeon breeds; considering all regional varieties all over the world there may be 1100 breeds. The European list of fancy pigeons alone names about 500 breeds. No other domestic animal has branched out into such a variety of forms and colours.

Charles Darwin is known to have crossbred fancy pigeons, particularly the ice pigeon, to study variation within species, this work coming three years before his publication, On the Origin of Species.
Nioro du Rip department
Nioro du Rip department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal, located in the Kaolack region.

The principal settlement is the commune of Nioro du Rip. Rural districts (communautés rurales) comprise:

Médina Sabakh Arrondissement
Kayemor
Médina Sabakh
Ngayène

Paoskoto Arrondissement
Gainthe Kaye
Paos Koto
Porokhane
Taïba Niassène
Dabaly
Darou Salam

Wack Ngouna Arrondissement
Keur Maba Diakhou
Keur Madongo
Ndramé Escale
Wack Ngouna

The total population in 2005 was estimated at 282,175.

Departments of Senegal
The 14 regions of Senegal are subdivided into 46 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 régions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers.

Since three new regions increased the number of departments to 45 in 2008, the most recent addition, of Keur Massar, in May 2008 brings the number to 46.

The departments are listed below, by region:
Chubb Fire & Security
Chubb Fire & Security is a British multinational company that provides property protection and life safety equipment and services, including fire protection and security systems. It has been a subsidiary of APi Group Corporation since January 2022.

Chubb Locks
Chubb Locks is a former brand name of the Mul-T-Lock subsidiary of the Assa Abloy Group, which manufactures locking systems for residential, secure confinement and commercial applications. When the brand licence expired in 2010 the name ceased to be used, with the same locks sold as Yale or Union locks.
Woodbury Junior-Senior High School
Woodbury Junior-Senior High School (WHS) is a comprehensive community middle school and public high school that serves students in sixth through twelfth grades from Woodbury, in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, as part of the Woodbury Public Schools system. The class of 2003 was the school's 100th graduating class, making Woodbury High School one of the oldest secondary schools in South Jersey and the oldest in its athletic conference.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 828 students and 71.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.7:1. There were 484 students (58.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 49 (5.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Woodbury Public Schools
The Woodbury Public Schools (WPS) is a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Woodbury, in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the district, comprised of four schools, had an enrollment of 1,707 students and 140.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.2:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "B", the second-lowest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J.
Gwenafwy
Saint Gwenafwy (Wenappa) (fl. 6th c.) was a pre-congregational saint of medieval South Wales.
She was a daughter of  Caw of Strathclyde, and sister of Peillan, Eigron and Peithein among others. She went to Cornwall with her brother Eigron where she is the patroness of Gwennap.

Her feast day is 1 July.

Eigron
Saint Eigron was a pre-congregational saint of medieval South Wales.

He was the brother of Saint Gwenafwy whom he travelled to Cornwall with, a brother to Gildas and a son of Caw of Strathclyde. He was the Patron Saint of Llanigon, Wales and founded a Church in Cernyw.
Zhao Yun
Zhao Yun (Chinese: 趙雲 pronunciationⓘ) (died 229), courtesy name Zilong (子龍), was a military general who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China. Originally a subordinate of the northern warlord Gongsun Zan, Zhao Yun later came to serve another warlord, Liu Bei, and had since accompanied him on most of his military exploits, from the Battle of Changban (208) to the Hanzhong Campaign (217–219). He continued serving in the state of Shu Han – founded by Liu Bei in 221 – in the Three Kingdoms period and participated in the first of the Northern Expeditions until his death in 229. While many facts about Zhao Yun's life remain unclear due to limited information in historical sources, some aspects and activities in his life have been dramatised or exaggerated in folklore and fiction. In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, he was lauded as a member of the Five Tiger Generals under Liu Bei.

Battle of Xiaoting
The Battle of Xiaoting (猇亭之戰), also known as the Battle of Yiling and the Battle of Yiling and Xiaoting, was fought between the states of Shu Han and Eastern Wu, in the years 221 and 222 during the early Three Kingdoms period of China. The battle is significant because Wu was able to turn the situation from a series of initial losses into a defensive stalemate, before proceeding to win a decisive victory over Shu. The Wu victory halted the Shu invasion and preceded the death of Liu Bei, Shu's founding emperor.
Nallasopara
Nallasopara or Nala Sopara (pronunciation: [naːla sopaɾa]), formerly known as Sopara or Supara, is a city in the Palghar district of Maharashtra, India, and is governed by the Vasai-Virar Municipal Corporation (VVMC). The city lies within the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. The Nallasopara railway station is part of the Western Railway Zone and comes under the police jurisdiction of Mira-Bhayander, Vasai-Virar Police Commissionerate.

Nallasopara is accepted by scholars as the Shurparaka (lit. city of braves; Śūrpāraka) or Supparak of ancient India and was a busy trade centre and an important seat of Buddhism. It was one of the administrative units under the Satavahanas and is mentioned in the inscriptions of Karle, Nashik, Naneghat, and Kanheri.

Vasai-Virar City Municipal Corporation
Vasai-Virar City Municipal Corporation (VVCMC) is the civic body that governs areas and villages in Vasai-Virar taluka in Maharashtra, India comprising the most populated part of Palghar district. According to the 2011 census, it is the fifth largest city in Maharashtra with a population of more than 1.3 million. The city is located 50 km north of Mumbai, on the north bank of Vasai Creek, part of the estuary of the Ulhas River. It was formed on 3 July 2010 by combining four municipal councils and 53 gram panchayats.