hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oshawa Creek
Oshawa Creek is a watercourse that flows 50 kilometres (31 mi) from its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine to its mouth on Lake Ontario, at Oshawa, Ontario.  It drains a watershed of 120 square kilometres (46 sq mi). In its lowest reaches, in Oshawa, two tributaries, Goodman's Creek and Montgomery Creek, join the watercourse.

To the west it borders Lynde Creek, which also has its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine, and the shorter watercourses Pringle Creek and Corbett Creek. Bowmanville Creek, to the east, also has its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine, while Farewell Creek, that lies between them, stops short.

Farewell Creek
Farewell Creek is a watercourse in Durham County, that empties into Lake Ontario, at Oshawa, Ontario.  It drains a watershed of 10,726 hectares (41.41 sq mi).

To the west and east it borders Oshawa Creek, and Bowmanville Creek, which have their headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine.
Kuva-yi Inzibatiye
The Kuvâ-yi İnzibâtiye (Ottoman Turkish: قوای انضباطیه, lit. 'Forces of Order'; Turkish: Hilafet Ordusu, lit. 'Caliphate Army') was an army established on 18 April 1920 by the imperial government of the Ottoman Empire in order to fight against the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence in the aftermath of World War I. It was commanded by Süleyman Şefik Pasha.

Kuva-yi Milliye
The Kuva-yi Milliye (Ottoman Turkish: قواى مليه; lit. 'National Forces' or 'Nationalist Forces') were irregular Turkish militia forces active in the early period of the Turkish War of Independence. These irregular forces emerged after the occupation of the parts of Turkey by the Allied forces in accordance with the Armistice of Mudros. Later, Kuva-yi Milliye were integrated to the regular army (Kuva-yi Nizamiye) of the Grand National Assembly. Some historians call this period (1918–20) of the Turkish War of Independence the "Kuva-yi Milliye phase".
Steindolptoppen
Steindolptoppen is a mountain in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 1,035 m.a.s.l. Nearby mountains are Langlifjellet, Juvtinden and Rånekampen. At the eastern side of Steindolptoppen is the glacier of Steindolpbreen.

Juvtinden
Juvtinden is a mountain in Nathorst Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 1,138 m.a.s.l. The mountain is surrounded by the glaciers of Snøkuvbreen, Steindolpbreen, Lundbreen and Juvbreen. A nearby mountain of Juvtinden is Steindolptoppen.
Sfax
Sfax (/s(ə)ˈfæks/ s(ə-)FAKS; Arabic: صفاقس, romanized: Ṣafāqis, Tunisian Arabic: [ˈsˤfaːqəs] ⓘ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located 270 km (170 mi) southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a population of 341,999 (census 2022). Its main industries include phosphate, olive and nut processing, fishing (it is the largest fishing port in Tunisia) and international trade. The city is the second-most populous in the country after the capital, Tunis.

A1 motorway (Tunisia)
Tunisia's A1 or A-1 motorway is a 659 km road connecting Tunis and Ben Guerdane. In the map shown, the A-1 is in red. The highway was built from Tunis at the north end toward the south and is continuing to be extended to finally reach the Tunisian Libyan border.

The A-1 is conceived of as part of an international project, sometimes called the Trans-Maghreb or Trans-North Africa Highway or Trans-African Highway 1 that is planned to reach from Cairo to Dakar.

There are three lanes each way from Tunis to Hammamet then two lanes each way from Hammamet to Sfax. It is a toll road part of the way.  Road signs are in Arabic and French. The speed limit on Tunisian highways is 110 km/h.
Affi
Affi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Verona.

The municipality of Affi is divided into the frazioni of Affi, Incaffi and Caorsa. Incaffi was the residence (and the place of death) of the Italian physician Girolamo Fracastoro.

Affi borders the following municipalities: Bardolino, Cavaion Veronese, Costermano, and Rivoli Veronese.

Cavaion Veronese
Cavaion Veronese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,459 and an area of 12.9 square kilometres (5.0 mi2).

The municipality of Cavaion Veronese contains the frazione (subdivision) Sega.

Cavaion Veronese borders the following municipalities: Affi, Bardolino, Pastrengo, Rivoli Veronese, and Sant'Ambrogio di Valpolicella.
Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre
The Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre (code 3109) is one of the 13 intermediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 134 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

It comprises 80 municipalities, distributed in 5 immediate geographic regions:

Immediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre.

Immediate Geographic Region of Poços de Caldas.

Immediate Geographic Region of São Lourenço.

Immediate Geographic Region of Itajubá.

Immediate Geographic Region of Caxambu-Baependi.

Immediate Geographic Region of Poços de Caldas
The Immediate Geographic Region of Poços de Caldas is one of the 10 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.
2025 European Motocross Championship
The 2025 European Motocross Championship was the 37th European Motocross Championship season since its revival in 1988. It included 16 events and 6 different classes. It started in Spain on 16 March and concluded in Turkey on 7 September. All rounds acted as support classes at the European rounds of the 2025 MXGP.

2025 FIM Motocross World Championship
The 2025 FIM Motocross World Championship was the 69th FIM Motocross World Championship season.

In the MXGP class, Jorge Prado won his fourth world title in the 2024 season, however, he did not defend his title due to his move to compete in the America-based SuperMotocross World Championship series. Frenchman Romain Febvre ended the season as world champion in the MXGP class, winning his second title ten years after his first. Alongside this achievement, the championship was the first for a Kawasaki rider in the premier class.

The reigning MX2 world champion, Kay de Wolf, was not able to defend the maiden title he won in the previous season. Simon Längenfelder took his first title in the category, finishing ahead of de Wolf by 9 points in the final standings.
Afidnes
Afidnes (Greek: Αφίδνες, Ancient Greek: Ἄφιδνα or Ἀφίδναι, from the Middle Ages until 1919: Κιούρκα - Kiourka) is a small town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Oropos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 34.638 km2. It is situated in the eastern foothills of the Parnitha mountains, 3 km southwest of Polydendri, 5 km southeast of Malakasa and 27 km north of Athens city centre. Afidnes has a station on the railway from Athens to Thessaloniki. The A1 motorway (Athens - Lamia - Thessaloniki) passes east of the town. It is part of Athens metropolitan area.

Ancient Aphidna was one of the twelve ancient towns of Attica. In Greek mythology, Aphidna was the place where Theseus left Helen after he had abducted her. The archaeological site of Aphidnae is small. It was excavated in the 19th century. 13 Middle Helladic tumuli have been found.

Aphidna
Aphidna (Ancient Greek: Ἄφιδνα) or Aphidnae or Aphidnai (Ἀφίδναι) was one of the twelve ancient towns of ancient Attica. It was celebrated in the mythical period as the place where Theseus deposited Helen of Troy, entrusting her to the care of his friend Aphidnus. When the Dioscuri invaded Attica in search of their sister, the inhabitants of Deceleia informed the Lacedaemonians where Helen was concealed, and showed them the way to Aphidna. The Dioscuri thereupon took the town, and carried off their sister. We learn, from a decree quoted by Demosthenes, that Aphidna was, in his time, a fortified town, and at a greater distance than 120 stadia from Athens. As an Attic deme, it belonged in succession to the tribes Aeantis, Leontis, Ptolemais, and Hadrianis.

The site of Aphidna is located at Kotroni near the modern town of Afidnes.
Carneau
The Carneau (plural Carneaux) is a breed of pigeon developed over many years of selective breeding primarily as a utility pigeon. Carneau, along with other varieties of domesticated pigeons, are all descendants from the rock pigeon (Columba livia).
The breed is known for large size and suitability for squab production. White Carneau pigeons are extensively used in experiments on operant conditioning; most of the pigeons used in B. F. Skinner's original work on schedules of reinforcement were White Carneaux.

Pigeon keeping
Pigeon keeping or pigeon fancying is the art and science of breeding domestic pigeons.  People have practiced pigeon keeping for at least 5,000 years and in almost every part of the world. In that time, humans have substantially altered the morphology and the behaviour of the domesticated descendants of the rock dove to suit their needs for food, aesthetic satisfaction and entertainment.

People who breed pigeons are commonly referred to as pigeon fanciers. The hobby is gaining in popularity in the United States, after having waned within the last 50 years. Both the hobby and commercial aspects of keeping pigeons are thriving in other parts of the world.
Pudong
Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name Pudong was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city center.  It now refers to the broader Pudong New Area, a state-level new area which extends all the way to the East China Sea.

The traditional area of Pudong is now home to the Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and the Shanghai Stock Exchange and many of Shanghai's best-known buildings, such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Jin Mao Tower, the Shanghai World Financial Center, and the Shanghai Tower. These modern skyscrapers directly face Puxi's historic Bund, a remnant of former foreign concessions in China. The rest of the new area includes the Port of Shanghai, the Shanghai Expo and Century Park, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai Pudong International Airport, the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve, Nanhui New City, and the Shanghai Disney Resort.

Jiuduansha
Jiuduansha is a collection of four intertidal wetland shoals at the mouth of China's Yangtze River. They are administered as an island region of the municipality of Shanghai's Pudong New Area.

These shoals and the submerged land surrounding them to a depth of 6 meters (20 ft) form the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve. The entire area stretches roughly 46.3 kilometers (28.8 mi) east to west and 25.9 kilometers (16.1 mi) north to south, covering an area of 423.5 square kilometers (163.5 sq mi), although only 114.6 square kilometers (44.2 sq mi) of this is above sea level. The area is considered one of the national urban wetland parks of China and forms part of the China Biosphere Reserve Network. A 1996 field study found that, for seven bird species investigated, the number present at Jiuduansha exceeded 1% of the world's total for the species, establishing it as a Wetland of International Importance.
Research Unix
Research Unix refers to the early versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX, and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center (CSRC). The term Research Unix first appeared in the Bell System Technical Journal (Vol. 57, No. 6, Part 2 July/August 1978) to distinguish it from other versions internal to Bell Labs (such as PWB/UNIX and MERT) whose code-base had diverged from the primary CSRC version. However, that term was little-used until Version 8 Unix (1985), but has been retroactively applied to earlier versions as well. Prior to V8, the operating system was most commonly called simply UNIX (in caps) or the UNIX Time-Sharing System.

Ancient UNIX is any early release of the Unix code base prior to Unix System III, particularly the Research Unix releases prior to and including Version 7 (the base for UNIX/32V as well as later developments of AT&T Unix).

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Urasenke
Urasenke (裏千家) is one of the main schools of Japanese tea ceremony. Along with Omotesenke and Mushakōjisenke, it is one of the three lines of the Sen family descending from Sen no Rikyū, which together are known as the san-Senke or the "three Sen houses/families" (三千家).

The name "Urasenke", literally meaning "rear Sen house/family", came into existence due to the location of the homestead of this line of the Sen family in relation to what was originally the frontmost house (the omote) of the Sen estate. The other main schools of Japanese tea ceremony, Omotesenke and Mushakōjisenke, also follow this naming convention, with the former meaning "front Sen house/family", and the latter derived from the street name of the family's homestead, Mushakōji.

Omotesenke
Omotesenke (表千家) is one of the schools of Japanese tea ceremony. Along with Urasenke and Mushakōjisenke, it is one of the three lines of the Sen family descending from Sen no Rikyū, which together are known as the san-Senke or "three Sen houses/families" (三千家).

The name "Omotesenke", literally meaning "front Sen house/family," came into being as a natural occurrence, because of the location of the homestead of this line of the family in relation to that of the line of the family at what originally was the rear (ura) of the Sen estate. The name "Mushakōjisenke" for the other of the three lines of the family derives from the fact that the family's homestead is located along Mushakōji street.
South Carolina Highway 165
South Carolina Highway 165 (SC 165) is a 28.393-mile (45.694 km) state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It connects Yonges Island to U.S. Route 17 (US 17) in Ravenel and US 17 Alternate in Summerville.

Summerville, South Carolina
Summerville is a town in the U.S. state of South Carolina situated mostly in Dorchester County, with small portions in Berkeley and Charleston counties. It lies approximately five miles from the Ashley River. The population was 50,915 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in South Carolina. It is part of the Charleston metropolitan area.
2019 Chengdu Hunters season
The 2019 Chengdu Hunters season was the first season of Chengdu Hunters's existence in the Overwatch League as one of eight expansion franchises added for the 2019 season. After posting three consecutive 3–4 records for the first three stages, the Hunters failed to qualify for any of the Stage Playoffs. A 4–3 record in Stage 4 gave Chengdu 13–15 record for the season and qualified them for the Play-In Tournament, where they were eliminated in the first round by the Guangzhou Charge by a 1–4 scoreline.

Guangzhou Charge
Guangzhou Charge (simplified Chinese: 广州冲锋; traditional Chinese: 廣州衝鋒; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Chōngfēng) is a Chinese professional Overwatch esports team based in Guangzhou, Guangdong. The Charge compete in the Overwatch League (OWL) as a member of the league's East region. Founded in 2018, Guangzhou Charge began play as one of eight expansion teams in 2019 and is one of four professional Overwatch teams based in China. The team is owned by Nenking Group and is managed by the esports brand of Nenking, Ultra Prime Esports.
Kuthirappuzha
Kuthirappuzha is a tributary of Chaliyar in the Kerala state of India. The river joins Chaliyar at Vadapuram (behind Kerala state wood industries limited) near Nilambur. Kuthirappuzha is originating from forests south-west of Upper Bhavani reservoir in Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. It flows through  Pookkottum Padam town and on reaching Koorad,  Kottappuzha joins with Kuthirappuzha.

Kottappuzha
Kottappuzha is a tributary of Kuthirappuzha which is a tributary of Chaliyar river in Kerala, India. Kottappuzha originates from the western slopes of Upper Bhavani reservoir in Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. Near Kottappuzha palam (bridge), about 1.5 km south of Pookkottumpadam 'Chokkadan puzha' a river from Kozhippara hills and which passes through Chokkad join with Kottappuzha. At Koorad, Kottappuzha meets Kuthirappuzha.
Power–speed number
Power–speed number or power/speed number (PSN) is a sabermetrics baseball statistic developed by baseball author and analyst Bill James which combines a player's home run and stolen base numbers into one number.

The formula is:

.

(It is the harmonic mean of the two totals.)

Power–speed number is displayed as a number with one digit after the decimal point.

James introduced the power–speed number in his commentary on Bobby Bonds, writing "it is so crafted that a player who does well in both home runs and stolen bases will rate high, and his rating is determined by the balance of the two as well as by the total."

Bill James
George William James (born October 5, 1949) is an American baseball writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential.  Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books about baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he named sabermetrics after the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose.

In 2006, Time named him in the Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. In 2003, James was hired as senior advisor on Baseball Operations for the Boston Red Sox and worked for the team for 17 years during which they won four World Series championships.
Didymocheton alliaceus
Didymocheton alliaceus is a species of flowering plant in the mahogany family, Meliaceae. It is a tree native to the tropical Pacific islands, ranging from the Solomon Islands to the Caroline Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Tonga, and the Samoan Islands. It is most closely related to Didymocheton mollissimus of Malesia and mainland Southeast Asia, D. mollis of the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, and Sulawesi, and D. muelleri of northeastern Australia.

The species was first described as Trichilia alliacea by Georg Forster in 1786. It was reclassified as Didymocheton alliaceus in 2021.

Didymocheton mollis
Didymocheton mollis is a species of flowering plant in the family Meliaceae. It is a tree native to Sulawesi, the Maluku Islands, New Guinea, and the Bismarck Archipelago.

It is most closely related to Didymocheton mollissimus of Malesia and mainland Southeast Asia, D. alliaceus of the Solomon Islands and western Pacific Islands, and D. muelleri of northeastern Australia.
Margam Stones Museum
Margam Stones Museum is a small Victorian schoolhouse near Port Talbot, South Wales, which now provides a home for one of the most important collections of Celtic stone crosses in Britain. All originally found within the locality of Margam, and mostly assembled as a collection in the 19th century, they provide enduring testimony to a Welsh Christian culture between the 6th and 16th centuries. The striking Cross of Conbelin is the most celebrated example. From around 1000 AD, it is a huge disc cross with Celtic interlace and plaitwork patterns, figurative scenes including a hunting scene, and inscriptions telling us who made it and who erected it. There are 17 early Christian stones, plus 11 memorials and other stones from the post-Norman periods. The museum is run by Cadw, the Welsh historic sites agency, and is close to Margam Abbey Church and the ruins of  the Abbey buildings.

Margam
Margam is a suburb and community of Port Talbot in the Welsh county borough of Neath Port Talbot, Wales, close to junction 39 of the M4 motorway. The community had a population of 3,017 in 2011; the built up area being larger and extending into Taibach community.
L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève–Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue
L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève–Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue (French pronunciation: [lil bizaʁ sɛ̃t ʒənvjɛv sɛ̃t an də bɛlvy]) is a former borough of the city of Montreal, Quebec, in the West Island area.

The borough was created following the municipal mergers of 2002 and consisted of the former municipalities of L'Île-Bizard, Sainte-Geneviève, and Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue. The latter two are widely separated portions of the Island of Montreal, and the first is a separate island, the largest of the City of Montreal besides the Island of Montreal itself.

Upon the demerger in 2006, the town of Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue voted to separate from the city of Montreal. The remainder of the borough remained in Montreal and became the borough of L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève.

Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue
Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue (/sənt æn də bɛlvjuː/, French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t an də bɛlvy]) is an on-island suburb located at the western tip of the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is the second oldest community in Montreal's West Island, having been founded as a parish in 1703. The oldest, Dorval, was founded in 1667.

Points of interest include the Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue Canal (a National Historic Site of Canada), the Sainte-Anne Veterans' Hospital, the Morgan Arboretum, and the L'Anse-à-l'Orme Nature Park.  Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue is also home to John Abbott College and McGill University's Macdonald Campus, which includes the J. S. Marshall Radar Observatory and the Canadian Aviation Heritage Centre as well as about 2 square kilometres (0.77 sq mi) of farmland which separates the small town from neighbouring Baie-d'Urfé.
William Kotzwinkle
William Kotzwinkle (born November 22, 1938 (November 22, 1938), or 1943 (1943) according to different sources) is an American novelist, children's writer, and screenwriter. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. He won the World Fantasy Award for Best Novel for Doctor Rat in 1977, and has also won the National Magazine Award for fiction. Kotzwinkle is known for writing the novelization of the screenplay for E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.

He has been married to author Elizabeth Gundy since 1965.

Book of Love (1990 film)
Book of Love is a 1990 American romantic comedy film directed by New Line Cinema founder Robert Shaye. It is based on the autobiographical novel Jack in the Box by William Kotzwinkle (the novel's name was changed to Book of Love during this film's original release).

The film was originally PG-13, but subsequent DVD releases have been the R-rated Director's Cut (R for sexual content and language). It stars Chris Young, Keith Coogan, and John Cameron Mitchell.