hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Burdale Tunnel
Burdale Tunnel is a former railway tunnel on the abandoned Malton and Driffield Junction Railway (MDR) in North Yorkshire, England. Construction of the tunnel began in 1847, but suffered financial difficulties and building was not complete until 1853. The line was closed completely a hundred years later in 1958, but the tunnel was still being used by members of the public, so the portals were bricked up in 1961. During 1970s and 1980s, there were collapses inside the tunnel and in 2009 the restoration of the passenger line could not continue due to the damage.

Malton and Driffield Junction Railway
The Malton and Driffield Junction Railway, later known as the Malton and Driffield branch was a railway line in Yorkshire that ran between the towns of Malton, North Yorkshire and Driffield in the East Riding of Yorkshire.

The line was formally opened on 19 May 1853 with full public services starting on 1 June 1853. It became part of the North Eastern Railway (1854), then London and North Eastern Railway (1923), becoming part of British Railways in 1948. Passenger services on the line gained the nickname the Malton Dodger.

Between the 1920s and 1950s the line saw use transporting chalk from the Burdale and Wharram quarries. Passenger services ended on 5 June 1950; the Burdale quarry closed in 1955, and the line closed on 20 October 1958.

A short section of the original line reopened on 24 May 2015 as a heritage attraction operating as the Yorkshire Wolds Railway. There are plans to further extend the heritage railway.
Tor Oftedal
Tor Oftedal (born 14 January 1925 in Sandnes, died 5 October 1980) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Buskerud in 1969, and was re-elected on two occasions. During the third term he died and was replaced by Aase Moløkken.

The son of newspaper editor Tjøl Oftedal, he started his career as a journalist, and later became editor-in-chief of Fritt Slag 1951-1952 and Fremtiden 1964–1969. He was the Auditor General of Norway from 1978 to his death. He was also deputy board chairman of the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation from 1971 to 1972 and member of the council of the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs from 1974 to 1978.

Office of the Auditor General of Norway
The Office of the Auditor General of Norway (Norwegian: Riksrevisjonen) is the state auditor of the Government of Norway and directly subordinate of the Parliament of Norway. It is responsible for auditing, monitoring and advising all state economic activities, including financial audits, performance audits and corporate control. Located in Oslo, it is led by a board of five auditors general elected for four years and from 2014 it has been led by Per-Kristian Foss. It is regulated by the Auditor General Act of June 1, 2005.

The office has about 460 employees, mostly recruited among economists, lawyers and social scientists.
Toyota JZ engine
The Toyota JZ engine family is a series of inline-6 automobile engines produced by Toyota. As a replacement for the M-series inline-6 engines, the JZ engines were 24-valve DOHC engines in 2.5- and 3.0-litre versions.

Toyota Progrès
The Toyota Progrès (pronounced プログレ "Pu-ro-gu-reh") is a mid-size luxury sedan which was sold in Japan from May 1998 to June 2007, replacing the Toyota Corona EXiV.

The name "progrès" is French for "progress". Like the Century, it was one of the few models that did not have Toyota's emblem on the exterior or interior. Instead, an emblem featuring the initial "P" of the car's name was placed on the front grille, trunk lid, wheel center caps, steering wheel, and key. The "NC" in the grade name was also an acronym for "NEO CATEGORY."
MAN SE
MAN SE (abbreviation of Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg, German: [maˈʃiːnənfaˌbʁiːk ˈʔaʊksbʊʁk ˈnʏʁnbɛʁk]) was a manufacturing and engineering company based in Munich, Germany. Its primary output was commercial vehicles and diesel engines through its MAN Truck & Bus and MAN Latin America divisions, and participation in the manufacturer Sinotruk.

MAN SE was majority-owned by Traton, the heavy commercial vehicle subsidiary of automaker Volkswagen AG, until August 2021 when Traton completed a squeeze-out of all remaining shareholders and formally merged MAN SE into Traton SE, meaning the former subsidiaries of MAN SE were now directly owned by Traton, and MAN SE ceased to exist.

Sinotruk (Hong Kong)
Sinotruk (Hong Kong) Limited is a Hong Kong truck manufacturer incorporated in 2007. The subsidiaries of Sinotruk (Hong Kong) manufactures trucks in Mainland China. Its parent company, China National Heavy Duty Truck Group (a.k.a. Sinotruk Group or CNHTC), is a Chinese state-owned heavy truck manufacturer, headquartered in Jinan, Shandong Province.
The Ape and the Dolphin
The Ape (or monkey) and the Dolphin is one of Aesop's Fables and is numbered 73 in the Perry Index. Due to its appearance among La Fontaine's Fables, it has always been popular in France, but in Britain treatment of the story was rarer until the 19th century.

Perry Index
The Perry Index is a widely used index of "Aesop's Fables" or "Aesopica", the fables credited to Aesop, the storyteller who lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 560 BC. The index was created by Ben Edwin Perry, a professor of classics at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Modern scholarship takes the view that Aesop probably did not compose all of the fables attributed to him; indeed, a few are known to have first been used before Aesop lived, while the first record of many others is from well over a millennium after his time. Traditionally, Aesop's fables were arranged alphabetically, which is not helpful to the reader. Perry listed them by language (Greek then Latin), chronologically, by source, and then alphabetically; the Spanish scholar Francisco Rodríguez Adrados created a similar system. This system also does not help the casual reader, but is the best for scholarly purposes.
Coxwold
Coxwold is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England, in the North York Moors National Park.  It is 18 miles north of York and is where the Rev. Laurence Sterne wrote A Sentimental Journey.

Byland Abbey
Byland Abbey is a ruined abbey and a small village in Byland with Wass civil parish, in the county of North Yorkshire, England, in the North York Moors National Park.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of Ryedale District, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
Precipitation polymerization
In polymer science, precipitation polymerization is a heterogeneous polymerization process that begins initially as a homogeneous system in the continuous phase, where the monomer and initiator are completely soluble, but upon initiation the formed polymer is insoluble and thus precipitates.

After precipitation, the polymerization proceeds by absorption of monomer and initiator into the polymer particles.

A distinction should be made between precipitation and dispersion polymerization, due to the similarities. A dispersion polymerization is actually a type of precipitation polymerization, but the difference lies in the fact that precipitation polymerizations give larger and less regular particles, as a result of little or no stabilizer present.

Dispersion polymerization
In polymer science, dispersion polymerization is a heterogeneous polymerization process carried out in the presence of a polymeric stabilizer in the reaction medium. Dispersion polymerization is a type of precipitation polymerization, meaning the solvent selected as the reaction medium is a good solvent for the monomer and the initiator, but is a non-solvent for the polymer. As the polymerization reaction proceeds, particles of polymer form, creating a non-homogeneous solution. In dispersion polymerization these particles are the locus of polymerization, with monomer being added to the particle throughout the reaction. In this sense, the mechanism for polymer formation and growth has features similar to that of emulsion polymerization.  With typical precipitation polymerization, the continuous phase (the solvent solution) is the main locus of polymerization, which is the main difference between precipitation and dispersion.
Ceres, Piedmont
Ceres (Piedmontese: Céres, Arpitan: Séres) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Turin.

Its train station is the terminus of the Turin–Ceres railway service.

Ceres borders the following municipalities: Groscavallo, Chialamberto, Cantoira, Monastero di Lanzo, Ala di Stura, Mezzenile, and Pessinetto.

Monastero di Lanzo
Monastero di Lanzo (Piedmontese: Monasté 'd Lans, Arpitan: Moutier) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 km northwest of Turin.

Monastero di Lanzo borders the following municipalities: Locana, Cantoira, Coassolo Torinese, Ceres, Pessinetto, and Lanzo Torinese.
Elections in Germany
Several articles in several parts of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany govern elections and establish constitutional requirements such as the secret ballot, and the requirement that all elections be conducted in a free and fair manner. The Basic Law also requires that the federal legislature enact detailed federal laws to govern elections; electoral law(s). One such article is Article 38, regarding the election of deputies in the federal Bundestag. Article 38.2 of the Basic Law establishes universal suffrage: "Any person who has attained the age of eighteen shall be entitled to vote; any person who has attained the age of majority shall be eligible for election."

German federal elections are for all members of the Bundestag, which in turn determines who is the chancellor of Germany. The most recent federal election was held on 23 February 2025.

November 1932 German federal election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 6 November 1932. The Nazi Party saw its vote share fall by four percentage points from the July 1932 election, while there were slight increases for the Communist Party of Germany and the national conservative German National People's Party. The results were a great disappointment for the Nazis, who lost 34 seats and again failed to form a coalition government in the Reichstag. These elections were the last that were free and fair before the Nazis seized power the following year, although another relatively contested election would be held four months later.
Gabriele Münter
Gabriele Münter (19 February 1877 – 19 May 1962) was a German expressionist painter who was at the forefront of the Munich avant-garde in the early 20th century. She studied and lived with the painter Wassily Kandinsky and was a founding member of the expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter.

Murnau am Staffelsee
Murnau am Staffelsee (often shortened to Murnau) is a market town in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in the Oberbayern region of Bavaria, Germany.

The market originated in the 12th century around Murnau Castle. Murnau is on the edge of the Bavarian Alps, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Munich. Directly to its west is the Staffelsee lake and to the south are the peaks and ridges of the Ammergau Alps beginning with the Hörnle and extending up to the Ettaler Manndl, southwest of the Wetterstein. This mountain range is formed by the Zugspitze and the Alpspitze in the south as well as the Estergebirge with their striking Kistenkar and the Walchensee mountains including Heimgarten and Herzogstand in the southeast.

To the south, the  is the largest continuous wetland of its kind in Central Europe.
Azo of Bologna
Azo of Bologna or Azzo or Azolenus (fl. 1150–1230) was an influential Italian jurist and a member of the school of the so-called glossators. Born circa 1150 in Bologna, Azo studied under Joannes Bassianus and became professor of civil law at Bologna. He was a teacher of Franciscus Accursius. He is sometimes known as Azo Soldanus, from his father's surname, and also Azzo Porcius (dei Porci), to distinguish him from later famous Italians named Azzo. He died circa 1230.

Azo wrote glosses on all parts of the Corpus Iuris Civilis. His most influential work is his Summa Codicis, a commentary of the civil law organized according to the order of Justinian's Code. The Summa Codicis, and Apparatus ad codicem, collected by his pupil, Alessandro de Santo Aegidio, and amended by Hugolinus and Odofredus, formed a methodical exposition of Roman law. As one of the very few medieval legal texts in Latin, the Summa Codicis has been translated into Old French.

Accursius
Accursius (Italian: Accursio or Accorso di Bagnolo; c. 1182 – 1263) was an Italian jurist. He is notable for his organization of the glosses, the medieval comments on Justinian's codification of Roman law, the Corpus Juris Civilis. He was not proficient in the classics, but he was called "the Idol of the Jurisconsults".
Khairy Pasha Palace
Khairy Pasha Palace is a neo-Mamluk building and former palace of Khairy Pasha, located on 113 Qasr El Eyni Street, in Tahrir Square, Cairo. It served as the American University in Cairo's  Tahrir Square campus (AUC Downtown) since 1920 until 2008 when the new campus was inaugurated in New Cairo (AUC New Cairo). The building in the photograph on the right was originally the Girls' School of the Greek Community of Cairo. In 1964 it was sold to the AUC and served as the Greek Campus.

Tahrir Square
Tahrir Square (Egyptian Arabic: ميدان التحرير, romanized: Meydān et-Taḥrīr, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [meˈdæːn ettæħˈɾiːɾ]; English: "Liberation Square"), also known as Martyr Square, is a public town square in downtown Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. It was first established in 1867. The square has been the location and focus for political demonstrations. The 1919 Egyptian revolution, and the 2011 Egyptian revolution occurred partially at the Tahrir Square.
Aya (Japanese singer)
AYA (亜矢, Aya) is a female Japanese rock artist from Beach Nine Records. AYA's song "Over Night" (2006) is used as the ending theme to the anime Le Chevalier D'Eon. Currently, she is associated with the project band, CruelShe.

Senjou no Hana
Senjou no Hana (Japanese: 戦場の華) is the debut album by J-Rock artist AYA. It was released by BMG Japan on April 24, 2002. The English title of the album is A Flower in the Battlefield.

Matt Cameron of Soundgarden and Pearl Jam fame plays drums on the album. It also features contributions from several other American musicians: John McBain (bass, 6 tracks), Kim Thayil (guitar, 5 tracks), Glenn Slater (keyboards, 5 tracks) and Nirvana's Krist Novoselic (bass, 1 track).

Some songs are sung entirely in English, some entirely in Japanese, and some a mixture.

The album was produced by Adam Kasper.
Lychniscosida
Lychniscosida (sometimes spelled Lychniscosa) is an order of sponges belonging to the class Hexactinellida and subclass Hexasterophora. They are dictyonal sponges (with parenchymal spicules fully fused into a 3D framework) characterized by the presence of additional struts at the nodes of the skeleton. These struts create octahedral frames, known as lychniscs ("lanterns").

Most members of the order are extinct, with their highest diversity as major reef builders in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. A few uncertain claims of Triassic lychniscosids have also been reported from China. Only three genera are still alive today: Lychnocystis (family Aulocystidae), Neoaulocystis (family Aulocystidae), and Scleroplegma (family Diapleuridae).

Hexactinellid
Hexactinellid sponges are sponges with a skeleton made of four- and/or six-pointed siliceous spicules, often referred to as glass sponges. They are usually classified along with other sponges in the phylum Porifera, but some researchers consider them sufficiently distinct to deserve their own phylum, Symplasma. Some experts believe that glass sponges are the longest-lived animals on earth; these scientists tentatively estimate a maximum age of up to 15,000 years.
Briscola
Briscola (Italian: [ˈbriskola]; Lombard: brìscula; Sicilian: brìscula; Neapolitan: brìscula) is one of Italy's most popular games, together with Scopa and Tressette. A little-changed descendant of Brusquembille, the ancestor of briscan and bezique, Briscola is a Mediterranean trick-taking ace–ten card game for two to six players, played with a standard Italian 40-card deck.

The game can also be played with a modern Anglo-French deck, without the eight, nine and ten cards (see Portuguese variations below). With three or six players, twos are removed from the deck to ensure the number of cards in the deck is a multiple of the number of players; a single two for three players and all four twos for six players. The four and six-player versions of the game are played as a partnership game of two teams, with players seated such that every player is adjacent to two opponents.

Brusquembille
Brusquembille or Briscambille is a historical, French, 3-card trick-and-draw game for two to five players using a 32-card piquet pack. The game has variable trumps. Side-payments are made for keeping or winning aces and tens.

The Brusquembille rules published in 1718 are the earliest surviving French rules of an ace–ten card game. Cards have precisely the same card-point values as in a number of modern games such as Skat.
Diocese of Kansas City–Saint Joseph
The Diocese of Kansas City–Saint Joseph (Latin: Dioecesis Kansanopolitanae–Sancti Josephi) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in northwestern Missouri in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint Louis.

The mother church of the diocese is the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Kansas City. Its co-cathedral is the Cathedral of St. Joseph in St. Joseph. As of 2025, the bishop is James Vann Johnston, Jr.

Raymond James Boland
Raymond James Boland (February 8, 1932 – February 27, 2014) was an Irish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.  He served as the second bishop of the Diocese of Birmingham in Alabama from 1988 to 1993 and the fifth bishop of the Diocese of Kansas City-Saint Joseph in Missouri from 1993 to 2005.
Daniël de Blieck
Daniël de Blieck (Middelburg, c. 1610 – Middelburg, 1673), was a Dutch Golden Age painter, draughtsman and architect, who specialised in architectural paintings.  He painted both real and imaginary church interiors.

Middelburg, Zeeland
Middelburg (Dutch: [ˈmɪdəlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the south-western Netherlands serving as the capital of the province of Zeeland. Situated on the central peninsula of the Zeeland province, Midden-Zeeland (consisting of former islands Walcheren, Noord-Beveland and Zuid-Beveland), it has a population of about 48,000.

In terms of technology, Middelburg played a role in the Scientific Revolution at the early modern period. The town was historically a center of lens crafting in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. The invention of the microscope and telescope is often credited to Middelburg spectacle-makers (including Zacharias Janssen and Hans Lipperhey) in the late 16th century and early 17th century.
Fordson High School
Fordson High School is a secondary school located in Dearborn, Michigan, United States, in Metro Detroit. It was completed in 1928 on a 15-acre (61,000 m2) parcel of land which was then the village of Fordson, named for Henry Ford and his son Edsel Ford. It is a part of Dearborn Public Schools.

Dearborn Public Schools
The Dearborn Public Schools is a school district that includes the entire city of Dearborn, Michigan and a small portion of Dearborn Heights, both in Greater Detroit. Dearborn Public Schools is the third largest school district in Michigan, serving 20,000 students. The district had a $233 million budget for 2021.
Automobile manufacturers and brands of China
There are currently about 150 active brands in the Chinese automobile market. Among them are 97 Chinese domestic brands and 43 joint venture (JV) brands. Before 2010, the traditional "Big Four" refers to the four major state-owned car manufacturers, SAIC, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan. Other Chinese car manufacturers, both from public and private sectors, like Geely, BAIC, BYD, Chery, GAC, Great Wall, JAC and Seres, emerged as the major players with the expansion of the Chinese automotive industry.

The article is an introduction to major automobile manufacturers and brands of China; for the full list see List of automobile manufacturers of China.

Xiaomi Auto
Xiaomi Auto (小米汽车; legally Xiaomi Automobile Co Ltd) is a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Beijing. It is a subsidiary of Chinese consumer electronics company Xiaomi. Founded in 2021 by Xiaomi founder and chairman Lei Jun, the company mainly develops and manufactures electric vehicles.
Return to Nevèrÿon (series)
Return to Nevèrÿon is a series of eleven sword and sorcery stories by Samuel R. Delany, originally published in four volumes during the years 1979–1987. Those volumes are:

Tales of Nevèrÿon

Neveryóna, or: The Tale of Signs and Cities

Flight from Nevèrÿon

Return to Nevèrÿon

The eleven tales are discussed in the articles devoted to the individual volumes mentioned above. The rest of this article is dedicated to the series as a whole.

Return to Nevèrÿon
Return to Nevèrÿon is a collection of three sword and sorcery stories by American writer Samuel R. Delany: "The Game of Time and Pain", "The Tale of Rumor and Desire", and "The Tale of Gorgik", and "Appendix: Closures and Openings". It is the last of the four-volume Return to Nevèrÿon series. The collection was first published under the title The Bridge of Lost Desire.
Polikarpov I-5
The Polikarpov I-5 was a single-seat biplane which became the primary Soviet fighter between its introduction in 1931 through 1936, after which it became the standard advanced trainer. Following Operation Barbarossa, which destroyed much of the Soviet Air Forces (VVS), surviving I-5s were equipped with four machine guns and bomb racks and pressed into service as light ground-attack aircraft and night bombers in 1941. They were retired in early 1942 as Soviet aircraft production began to recover and modern ground-attack aircraft like the Ilyushin Il-2 became available. A total of 803 were built (including 3 prototypes).

Bristol Jupiter
The Bristol Jupiter is a British nine-cylinder single-row piston radial engine that was built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company. Originally designed late in World War I and known as the Cosmos Jupiter, a lengthy series of upgrades and developments turned it into one of the finest engines of its era.

The Jupiter was widely used on many aircraft designs during the 1920s and 1930s. Thousands of Jupiters of all versions were produced, both by Bristol and abroad under licence.

A turbo-supercharged version of the Jupiter known as the Orion suffered development problems and only a small number were produced. The "Orion" name was later re-used by Bristol for an unrelated turboprop engine.

The Bristol Jupiter was licensed by the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-22.