hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jan Łukasiewicz
Jan Łukasiewicz (Polish: [ˈjan wukaˈɕɛvit͡ʂ] ⓘ; 21 December 1878 – 13 February 1956) was a Polish logician and philosopher who is best known for Polish notation and Łukasiewicz logic.  His work centred on philosophical logic, mathematical logic and history of logic.  He thought innovatively about traditional propositional logic, the principle of non-contradiction and the law of excluded middle, offering one of the earliest systems of many-valued logic. Contemporary research on Aristotelian logic also builds on innovative works by Łukasiewicz, which applied methods from modern logic to the formalization of Aristotle's syllogistic.

The Łukasiewicz approach was reinvigorated in the early 1970s in a series of papers by John Corcoran and Timothy Smiley that inform modern translations of Prior Analytics by Robin Smith in 1989 and Gisela Striker in 2009. Łukasiewicz is regarded as one of the most important historians of logic.

Three-valued logic
A three-valued logic (also trinary logic, trivalent, ternary, or trilean, sometimes abbreviated 3VL) is any of several many-valued logic systems in which there are three truth values indicating true, false, and some third value. This is contrasted with the more commonly known bivalent logics (such as classical sentential or Boolean logic) which provide only for true and false.

Emil Leon Post is credited with first introducing additional logical truth degrees in his 1921 theory of elementary propositions. The conceptual form and basic ideas of three-valued logic were initially published by Jan Łukasiewicz and Clarence Irving Lewis. These were then re-formulated by Grigore Constantin Moisil in an axiomatic algebraic form, and also extended to n-valued logics in 1945.
Hungarian State Railways
The Hungarian State Railways (Hungarian: Magyar Államvasutak, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈaːlːɒɱvɒʃutɒk], formally MÁV Magyar Államvasutak Zártkörűen Működő Részvénytársaság (MÁV Zrt.). The full official name of the company is MÁV-csoport (lit. 'MÁV Group') now commonly known as MÁV) is the Hungarian national railway company and the MÁV Pályaműködtetési Zrt. is the railway infrastructure manager, with subsidiaries "MÁV Személyszállítási Zrt." (passenger services), and "Utasellátó" (onboard catering, Utasellátó is an independent directorate of MÁV Személyszállítási Zrt.).

The head office is in Budapest.

Szeged
Szeged (/ˈsɛɡɛd/ SEG-ed, Hungarian: [ˈsɛɡɛd] ⓘ; see also other alternative names) is the third largest city of Hungary, the largest city and regional centre of the Southern Great Plain and the county seat of Csongrád-Csanád county. The University of Szeged is one of the most distinguished universities in Hungary.
Ōtaki Beach
Ōtaki Beach is a small settlement in the Kāpiti Coast District of the Wellington Region of New Zealand's North Island.  It is located on the South Taranaki Bight north of the mouth of Ōtaki River, and south of the mouth of the Waitohu Stream 4.0 kilometres northwest of Ōtaki.

A cairn opposite 224 Marine Parade commemorates the shipwrecks of Felixstowe, a barque, and City of Auckland, a full-rigged ship carrying immigrants, in October 1878. Shipwrecks were common on Ōtaki beach in the 19th century.

The area was divided into residential sections and roads built in the early 1920s.

Waitohu Stream
Waitohu Stream is a stream in the Kapiti Coast District, Wellington, New Zealand. It flows westward from the Tararua Range through forest, farmland and past residential areas before discharging into the Tasman Sea at the northern end of the Ōtaki Beach, west of Ōtaki.
Cirata Dam
The Cirata Dam is an embankment dam on the Citarum River in West Java, Indonesia. It is located 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Jakarta. It was constructed between 1984 and 1988 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric & photovoltaic power generation. Other purposes include flood control, aquaculture, water supply and irrigation. The 125 m (410 ft) tall concrete-face rock-fill dam is situated just before a sharp bend in the river and withholds a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 2,165,000,000 m3 (1,755,194 acre⋅ft). The reservoir has a surface area of 62 km2 (24 sq mi) which caused the relocation of 6,335 families. The construction of the dam resulted in involuntary resettlement of 56,000 people.

Citarum River
The Citarum River (more correctly called the Tarum River, as the prefix "Ci" simply means "river") (Sundanese: Walungan Citarum) is the longest and largest river in West Java, Indonesia. It is the third longest river in Java, after Bengawan Solo and Brantas. It plays an important role in the life of the people of West Java. It is considered one of the most polluted rivers in the world.
Abram Garfield
Abram Garfield (November 21, 1872 – October 16, 1958) was an architect who practiced in Cleveland, Ohio. He was the sixth child and fourth son of President James A. Garfield and Lucretia Rudolph Garfield, and the youngest to survive infancy. He designed prominent residences and other buildings. A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Bratenahl, Ohio
Bratenahl (/ˈbrætənɑːl/ BRAT-ən-ahl) is a village in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States, on the southern shore of Lake Erie. One of Cleveland's oldest streetcar suburbs, it is bordered by the city on three sides and by the Lake Erie shoreline to the north. The population was 1,430 at the 2020 census.
Manaoag
Manaoag, officially the Municipality of Manaoag ([mɐˈnaʊag]; Pangasinan: Baley na Manaoag; Ilocano: Ili ti Manaoag; Tagalog: Bayan ng Manaoag), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 76,606 people.

Laoac
Laoac [ˈlawak], officially the Municipality of Laoac (Pangasinan: Baley na Laoac; Ilocano: Ili ti Laoac; Tagalog: Bayan ng Laoac), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 34,550 people.
AbC-19 rapid antibody test
The AbC-19 rapid antibody test is an immunological test for COVID-19 exposure developed by the UK Rapid Test Consortium and manufactured by Abingdon Health. It uses a lateral flow test to determine whether a person has IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. The test uses a single drop of blood obtained from a finger prick and yields results in 20 minutes. The sensitivity of this test is 98.03% while the specificity is 99.56%. This test is paired with an easy-to-use mobile app which allows a trained professional to generate an antibody test certificate for storing on a person's smartphone.

UK Rapid Test Consortium
The UK Rapid Test Consortium (UK-RTC) was a consortium of businesses and universities that was established in 2020 as part of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The consortium's aims included creating new types of COVID-19 tests, that provided advantages over existing tests such as PCR. Lateral flow rapid tests were developed by the consortium, after investment by the government of the United Kingdom. The consortium members included Abingdon Health, BBI Solutions, CIGA Healthcare, Global Access Diagnostics, Omega Diagnostics, and Oxford University.
Nigel Ayers
Nigel Ayers (born 1957 in Tideswell, Derbyshire) is an English multimedia artist. His sound art has included numerous audio releases and live performances through his group Nocturnal Emissions.

His sound art collaborations includes work with Bourbonese Qualk, C.C.C.C., Andrew Liles, Lustmord, Randy Greif, Robin Storey, Expose Your Eyes, Stewart Home, Z'EV, and Zoviet France.

In 1979, he co-founded the record label Sterile Records with Caroline K, releasing the first records by John Balance, Maurizio Bianchi and Lustmord, among many others. In 1987 he formed the Earthly Delights (record label).

In the early 1990s, he performed live soundtracks for the Butoh performances of Poppo & the Go Go Boys. His visual art has been exhibited in the Tate, ICA, and worn by the soccer legend Diego Maradona.

In 2022, Electronic Resistance - a large format anthology of Ayers's visual work was published by Amaya Productions.

Caroline K
Caroline Kaye Walters (1957 – 12 July 2008), known as Caroline K, was an English singer, songwriter, and artist/producer. She was a founding member of the UK based experimental/industrial music group Nocturnal Emissions in the 1980s. She co-founded Sterile Records with Nigel Ayers in London in 1980.

In 1986 she played piano on the Class War 7 inch EP single Better Dead Than Wed! released on Mortarhate Records.

She released her solo LP Now Wait for Last Year in 1987 (the first release on the Earthly Delights label). The album's title was taken from a Philip K. Dick book of the same name. She also performed as SM Andrews. She lived in Garfagnana, Italy.

Caroline K died on 12 July 2008 in Pisa, Italy, from leukemia complications.
Sucker (Charli XCX album)
Sucker (stylised in all uppercase) is the second studio album by British singer Charli XCX, released on 15 December 2014 by Asylum and Atlantic Records. The album was met with positive reviews from critics, praising its throwback style, and ended up being included on many year-end lists for best albums of 2014. Sucker spawned the singles "Boom Clap", "Break the Rules", "Doing It" (featuring Rita Ora) and "Famous".

Charli XCX promoted the album through a series of public appearances and televised live performances, as well as appearing on the Jingle Ball Tour 2014. The album was supported by Charli XCX's Girl Power North America Tour, which lasted from September to October 2014. She was also the opening act for the European leg of Katy Perry's Prismatic World Tour in 2015.

Rostam Batmanglij
Rostam Batmanglij (Persian: رستم باتمانقلیج, IPA: [rosˈtæm bɒːtmɒːŋɢeˈliːdʒ]; born November 28, 1983), known mononymously as Rostam, is an American musician, record producer and songwriter. He was a founding member of the band Vampire Weekend, whose first three albums he produced. He has been described by Stereogum as one of the greatest pop and indie-rock producers of his generation. Rostam also works as a solo artist and is a member of electro-soul group Discovery. He produced his first number-one album, Vampire Weekend's Contra, when he was 26 years old.

Batmanglij has been nominated for three Grammy Awards: twice for Best Alternative Music Album with Vampire Weekend (winning for Modern Vampires of the City) and once for Album of the Year as producer of Haim's Women in Music Pt. III.
Martin-Baker MB 1
The Martin-Baker MB 1 was a British low-wing light aircraft, designed and constructed in the 1930s, the first aircraft design of the Martin-Baker company to be built. While not a fighter itself, the design would heavily influence Martin-Baker’s WWII-era prototype fighters, the MB 2, the MB 3, and the MB 5 .

Napier Javelin
The Napier Javelin was a British six-cylinder inline air-cooled engine designed by Frank Halford and built by D. Napier & Son. First flown in March 1934 in the prototype of the Percival Mew Gull racing aircraft, the engine was also used in the Spartan Arrow biplane and the Percival Gull.
Whitstable Town F.C.
Whitstable Town F.C. is a football club based in Whitstable, Kent, England.  The club was established in 1885 and joined the Kent League in 1950.  In the 2024–25 season, the team won the FA Vase. They were champions of the Kent League Premier Division in the 2006–07 season.  They are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Premier Division.

2025–26 FA Cup qualifying rounds
The 2025–26 FA Cup qualifying rounds opened the 145th edition of the FA Cup, the world's oldest association football single knockout competition, organised by The Football Association, the governing body for the sport in England. 655 teams in the 5th to 9th tier of English football competed across six rounds for 32 spots in the 2025–26 FA Cup first round proper.
Yellow Line (Washington Metro)
The Yellow Line is a rapid transit line of the Washington Metro system that runs between Huntington in Virginia and Mount Vernon Square in Washington, D.C. or Greenbelt in Maryland. It consists of 22 stations in Fairfax County, the city of Alexandria, Arlington County in Virginia, Washington, D.C., and Prince George's County, Maryland.

The Yellow Line shares track with the Blue Line between King Street–Old Town and Pentagon and the Green Line between L'Enfant Plaza and Greenbelt. It has only two stations that are not shared by any other lines (Huntington and Eisenhower Avenue) and only two sections of track that are not shared by any other lines – the section south of King Street–Old Town and the section between Pentagon and L'Enfant Plaza, crossing the Potomac River.

On weekdays, trains run every 6 minutes until 9:30PM and every 7.5 minutes afterward. On weekends, trains run every 8 minutes.

L'Enfant Plaza station
L'Enfant Plaza station (/lɑːnˈfɑːnt/ lahn-FAHNT) is an intermodal transit station complex located at L'Enfant Plaza in the Southwest Federal Center neighborhood of Washington, D.C. It consists of an underground Washington Metro rapid transit station and an elevated Virginia Railway Express commuter rail station.

The Metro station, which opened on July 1, 1977, is one of four major interchange stations on the Metro system. It is the only station to serve five of the six Metro lines: the Green and Yellow lines with two side platforms on the upper level, and the Blue, Orange, and Silver lines with one island platform on the lower level. It was the seventh-busiest Metro stop in 2023, with an average of 7,506 daily passenger entries.

The VRE station, which has a single side platform serving the northernmost of the three tracks of the RF&P Subdivision, is served by the Manassas Line and Fredericksburg Line.
Caprie
Caprie (Piedmontese and Arpitan: Ciàvrie) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Turin.  
Caprie borders the following municipalities: Condove, Rubiana, Villar Dora, Sant'Ambrogio di Torino, and Chiusa di San Michele.

Chiusa di San Michele
Chiusa di San Michele (Piedmontese: Ciusa San Michel, Arpitan: Kiusa, French: L'Écluse) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Turin.
2021 MUSC Health Women's Open
The second 2021 Charleston Open (branded as the MUSC Health Women's Open for commercial reasons) was a tournament on the 2021 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor green clay courts in Daniel Island. It was held one day after the 48th edition ended and was a replacement tournament for other tournaments that were not held because of travel restrictions, and organised by Charleston Tennis with a single-year licence in 2021, held at Family Circle Tennis Center from April 12 to 18, 2021.

2021 WTA Tour
The 2021 WTA Tour was the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2021 tennis season. The 2021 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA 1000 tournaments, the WTA 500 tournaments, the WTA 250 tournaments, the Billie Jean King Cup (organized by the ITF), and the year-end championships (the WTA Finals and the WTA Elite Trophy). Also included in the 2021 calendar are the Summer Olympic Games, which were rescheduled from 2020.
Savings Bank of South Australia
The Savings Bank of South Australia was a bank founded in the colony of South Australia in 1848, based in Adelaide. In the early 20th century it established a presence in schools by setting up a special category of savings accounts for schoolchildren, and grew through the following decades.

In 1984 it merged with the State Bank of South Australia, with the merged entity taking the latter name. This entity later became known as BankSA, and as of 2022 is a division and a trading name of St George Bank, which is a subsidiary of Westpac.

St.George Bank
St.George Bank is an Australian bank with its headquarters in Sydney. Since a 2008 merger, the bank has been part of Westpac, having previously been an independent legal entity. In 2010, St.George was deregistered as a company and ceased to be a standalone authorised deposit-taking institution.

The bank provides services primarily in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, but with growing representation across a number of industry and business segments in Queensland and Western Australia, and in Victoria before the relaunch of the Bank of Melbourne (2011) brand in July 2011 (also another division of Westpac). St.George also operates in South Australia and the Northern Territory under its subsidiary BankSA. The bank has a large number of retail branches and ATMs across Australia, and some back office operations in Bangalore, India.
Huntingburg Town Hall and Fire Engine House
Huntingburg Town Hall and Fire Engine House, also known as Old City Hall, is a historic town hall and fire station located at Huntingburg, Indiana.  It was built in 1885–1886, and is a two-story, Victorian style brick building with a gable roof. It features a reconstructed cupola. It was built to serve multiple purposes and housed an opera house on the second floor.  The building housed city offices until it was closed in 1971.: 2–4

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.  It is located in the Huntingburg Commercial Historic District.

Huntingburg, Indiana
Huntingburg is a city in Patoka Township, Dubois County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 6,362 at the 2020 census.

Located in southwestern Indiana, the city is known for its downtown with numerous antique shops. It is part of the Jasper Micropolitan Statistical Area. The city is also known as the "Hollywood of the Midwest." The movies A League of Their Own (1992), Hard Rain (1998), and the HBO film Soul of the Game (1996) were filmed in Huntingburg. Columbia Pictures renovated the grandstand at League Stadium that was to become part of the set for A League of Their Own.
Tall Pines State Preserve
Tall Pines State Preserve is a 110-acre (45 ha) nature preserve in Gloucester County, New Jersey. The preserve opened in November 2015 as the first state park in Gloucester County. It is located on Bark Bridge Road in Deptford Township and the Sewell section of Mantua Township.

The project was a cooperative effort of the South Jersey Land and Water Trust, the Friends of Tall Pines, Gloucester County Nature Club, and the New Jersey Green Acres Program.

Mantua Township, New Jersey
Mantua Township (pronounced man-CHEW-uh) is a township within Gloucester County in the U.S. state of New Jersey, within the Philadelphia metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 15,235, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 18 (+0.1%) from the 15,217 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,000 (+7.0%) from the 14,217 counted in the 2000 census. Mantua and surrounding Gloucester County constitute part of South Jersey.
Q (magazine)
Q was a British popular music magazine. It was founded in 1986 by broadcast journalists Mark Ellen and David Hepworth, who were presenters of the BBC television music series The Old Grey Whistle Test. Q was published in print in the UK from 1986 until July 2020. In 2023, it was revived as an online publication, which ran until May 2024.

Bauer Media Group
Heinrich Bauer Publishing (German: Heinrich Bauer Verlag KG), trading as Bauer Media Group, is a German multimedia conglomerate headquartered in Hamburg. It operates worldwide and owns more than 600 magazines, over 400 digital products and 50 radio and TV stations, as well as print shops, postal, distribution and marketing services. It also operates out-of-home advertising across Europe, following its takeover of Clear Channel Europe in April 2025. Bauer has a workforce of approximately 11,000 in 17 countries.

Bauer Verlagsgruppe has been managed by five generations of the Bauer family. In November 2010, Heinz Heinrich's daughter Yvonne Bauer became CEO and 85% owner of the Bauer Media Group after joining the family business in 2005.

In February 2021, Bauer Media Group announced it was to acquire Ireland's Communicorp Group, subject to regulatory approval. The acquisition was completed on 1 June 2021.
Bethel, North Carolina
Bethel is a town in Pitt County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,373 at the 2020 census. The town is a part of the Greenville Metropolitan Area located in North Carolina's Inner Banks region. Confusingly, there are three other towns in the state named "Bethel." One is between Edenton and Hertford in the "Finger Counties" region in the northeastern corner of the state, another is in the north-central part, in Caswell County and the third is located in the Mountain Region of North Carolina, in Haywood County.
There is also a community named Bethel located in Watauga County.

Pitt County, North Carolina
Pitt County is a county located in the Inner Banks region of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 170,243, making it the 14th-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Greenville.

Pitt County comprises the Greenville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is a component of the wider Greenville–Washington, NC CSA.
Bradford Rattlers
The Bradford Rattlers are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based out of Bradford West Gwillimbury, Ontario, and members of the Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League.  The Rattlers, then known as the Bradford Bulls, were bought out towards the end of the 2005–06 season by a local group of investors for the purpose of moving the team up to Junior "A" from the Georgian Mid-Ontario Junior C Hockey League.

Colborne Cramahe Hawks
The Colborne Cramahe Hawks were a Canadian Junior ice hockey team based in Colborne, Ontario. The Hawks were members of the World United Hockey League.

Competing in the Greater Metro Junior 'A' Hockey League from 2007 until 2014, the Hawks originated as the Douro Dukes of Douro, Ontario in 2007. From 2008 until 2014, the team was known as the Bucks from Beaverton, Ontario and later Bobcaygeon, Ontario.
Trapeta Mayson
Trapeta B. Mayson (born 1967) is a Liberian-born poet, teacher, social worker, and non-profit administrator residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US. Her writing primarily centers on the experiences of  immigrants to the United States, the struggles of people dealing with conflict in Liberia, and the daily lives of average people, especially women and girls. She received a Master of Social Work from Bryn Mawr College and an MBA from Villanova University. She was selected as the fifth Poet Laureate of Philadelphia in 2019.

Poet Laureate of Philadelphia
Poet Laureate of Philadelphia is a civic position in the City of Philadelphia.  The Poet Laureate has been described as an "Ambassador of Poetry". The holder of the position is expected to actively promote literacy and encourage expression in the city. As part of their position, they participate in service work, workshops and readings. One of their commitments is to mentor the youth poet laureate of Philadelphia.

The position was created by the City of Philadelphia during the city administration of Mayor Michael Nutter, and continued under Mayor Jim Kenney. It was originally managed by the city's Office of Arts, Culture and the Creative Economy.  As of 2017, administration of the program was transferred to the Free Library of Philadelphia.

Poetry makes us remember the best of ourselves and others... it keeps us constantly confronting the most important question of this twenty-first century: what does it mean to be human?