hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Laigueglia
Laigueglia (Italian: [laiˈɡweʎʎa]; Ligurian: L'Aigheuja, IPA: [lei̯ˈɡøjja]) is a town and comune in the province of Savona, in Liguria, nearby the Capo Mele Lighthouse. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Montavilla Park
Montavilla Park is a 9.48-acre (3.84 ha) public park in Portland, Oregon's Montavilla neighborhood, in the United States. The park is located on the corner of 82nd Avenue and Glisan Street, adjacent to Multnomah University.

Montavilla, Portland, Oregon
Montavilla (a syllabic abbreviation of "Mt. Tabor Village) is a neighborhood in the Northeast and Southeast sections of Portland, Oregon, United States, and contains an area east of Mount Tabor and west of Interstate 205, from the Banfield to SE Division. It is bordered by North Tabor, Mount Tabor, South Tabor, Madison South, Hazelwood, and Powellhurst-Gilbert.
Rasheedia
Rasheedia is a genus of nematodes in the order Spirurida. The nematode genus Bulbocephalus Rasheed, 1966  was found to be a homonym of Bulbocephalus Watson, 1916 (Apicomplexa, Stylocephalidae) and, therefore, a new name, Rasheedia n. nom., was proposed in 2018 to substitute it.

The genus was named in honour of Suraiya Rasheed, "a well-known Pakistani fish parasitologist who was the first to describe these interesting nematodes".

Species of Rasheedia are parasite of fish and include:

Rasheedia deblocki (Le-Van-Hoa, Pham-Ngoc-Khue & Nguyen-Thi-Lien, 1972) Moravec & Justine, 2018

Rasheedia heptacanthi Moravec & Justine, 2018, a parasite of the Cinnabar goatfish Parupeneus heptacanthus (Mullidae) and Dentex fourmanoiri (Sparidae)

Rasheedia inglisi (Rasheed, 1966) Moravec & Justine, 2018

Rasheedia novaecaledoniensis Moravec & Justine, 2018, a parasite of the Indian goatfish Parupeneus indicus (Mullidae)

Rasheedia pseudupenei (Vassiliadès & Diaw, 1978) Moravec & Justine, 2018

Rasheedia heptacanthi
Rasheedia heptacanthi is a parasitic nematode in the genus Rasheedia.

The species is an intestinal parasite of the Cinnabar goatfish Parupeneus heptacanthus (Mullidae) and Dentex fourmanoiri (Sparidae) off New Caledonia.

The two species Rasheedia heptacanthi and Rasheedia novaecaledoniensis, which both occur in New Caledonian waters, are mainly differentiated by the number of anterior protrusible oesophageal lobes (two in R. heptacanthi and four in R. novaecaledoniensis), structure of the oesophagus and the lengths of their spicules.
Glen Ridge Historic District
The Glen Ridge Historic District is a historic district in Glen Ridge in Essex County, New Jersey, United States, originally listed in the New Jersey Register of Historic Places (NJRHP) in 1980 and the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1982 and later expanded in two boundary increases. It includes the Glen Ridge and the Benson Street train stations.

Glen Ridge station
Glen Ridge is a New Jersey Transit station at the intersection of Bloomfield Avenue and Ridgewood Avenue in Glen Ridge, Essex County, New Jersey along the Montclair–Boonton Line. Service through Glen Ridge comes from Hoboken Terminal and New York Penn Station and goes through to one of four termini, Bay Street (on weekends), Montclair State University, Dover and Hackettstown. The station depot is on-grade level with Ridgewood Avenue, with the platform and tracks below street-level.
Mugilogobius amadi
Mugilogobius amadi, the poso bungu, is a critically endangered (possibly extinct) species of fish in the family Gobiidae. It is endemic to Lake Poso in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Although sometimes placed in its own genus Weberogobius, recent authorities often include it in Mugilogobius.

Mugilogobius
Mugilogobius is a genus of fish in the family Gobiidae. They are found in fresh, brackish and marine water of the Indo-Pacific region. Several of the freshwater species have highly restricted distributions.
Perry Lakes Reserve
The Perry Lakes Reserve is a nature reserve located approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of Perth, the capital city of Western Australia, in the suburb of Floreat. Within the 80-hectare (200-acre) reserve are two lakes, East Lake and West Lake, comprising approximately 12.6 hectares (31 acres).

In its current form, the reserve dates from 1962 when the area was landscaped in association with the construction of Perry Lakes Stadium and associated sporting tracks and facilities for the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games. The Australian Scout Jamboree has been held in the parkland twice, during the summers of 1979/80 and 1994/95. The sporting complex was demolished in 2011 to make way for housing development.

The reserve has required re-evaluation as the lakes have changed over time, and subsequent studies have investigated the management of the lake areas.

Control of the area has also alternated between Local and State government authority.

Floreat, Western Australia
Floreat is a residential suburb 8 kilometres (5 mi) west-northwest of the central business district of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. It is bordered on Underwood Avenue, Selby Street, Cromarty Road and Durston Road. It is the head of the Town of Cambridge, which has its municipal offices and library in the suburb. The name of the suburb stems from the Latin word for "flourish" or "prosper", which is also the motto of the City of Perth, of which Floreat was a part when it was first built.
Minister of Defence (North Macedonia)
Minister of Defence of the Republic of North Macedonia is a post (minister) to lead the Ministry of Defence of North Macedonia. Currently, the post is held by Vlado Misajlovski, since 2024. He succeeded Slavjanka Petrovska who held the office from 2022 to 2024.

Ministry of Defence of North Macedonia
The Ministry of Defence of North Macedonia (Macedonian: Министерство за одбрана на Северна Македонија, romanized: Ministerstvo za odbrana na Severna Makedonija; Albanian: Ministria e Mbrojtjes së Maqedonisë së Veriut) is a Macedonian agency which oversees the management of the Army of the Republic of North Macedonia. The ministry mainly coordinates the defence policy of the country, corresponding with the President and the Prime Minister regularly. The MORM commands the ARM through the Chief of the General Staff (CGS).
Casimir II of Zator
Casimir II of Zator (Polish: Kazimierz II Zatorski; c. 1450 – 8 January/7 July 1490), was a Duke of Zator during 1468–1474 (with his three brothers as co-rulers), and ruler over the eastern half of Zator from 1474 until his death (during 1474–1487 with his brother Wenceslaus as co-ruler).

He was the eldest son of Duke Wenceslaus I of Zator by his wife Maria, daughter of Urban Kopczowski, a noblemen from the Duchy of Siewierz.

Wenceslaus I of Zator
Wenceslaus I of Zator (Polish: Wacław I zatorski; c. 1418 – before 29 July 1468), was a Duke of Oświęcim during 1434–1445 (with his brothers as co-rulers) and Duke of Zator from 1445 until his death.

He was the eldest son of Duke Casimir I of Oświęcim by his first wife Anna, daughter of Duke Henry VIII of Żagań.
Senate Blue Ribbon Committee
The Senate Committee on Accountability of Public Officers and Investigations of the Senate of the Philippines, or more popularly known as the Blue Ribbon Committee, is the Senate committee tasked to investigate alleged wrongdoings of the government, its officials, and its attached agencies, including government owned and controlled corporations, in aid of legislation, that is, the primary purpose is the suggestion of new laws, or proposals of amendments to existing laws.

Like all other committees, the Senate elects members of the Blue Ribbon Committee. The chairmanship of the committee has been one of the most sought posts in the Senate, aside from the Senate Presidency.

Bureau of Customs
The Bureau of Customs (BoC or BOC; Filipino: Kawanihan ng Adwana) is a Philippine government agency that is responsible for the collecting of customs duties, excise duties, and other indirect taxes in the Philippines. It is part of the Philippines Department of Finance.

The Bureau of Customs was established on February 6, 1902, by the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands when it was under control of the United States, during the American colonial period of the Philippines.
John Richardson (Archdeacon of Southwark)
John Richardson  (1817–1904) was an Anglican priest: he was the Archdeacon of Southwark from 1882 until  his death on 19 March 1904.

Richardson was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1843. Following a curacy at Haslingden he held incumbencies in Musbury, Milnsbridge, Manchester and Bury St Edmunds before becoming Vicar of Camden Church, Camberwell in 1874.

Archdeacons in the Diocese of Southwark
The Archdeacons in the Diocese of Southwark are senior clergy in the Church of England in South London and Surrey. They currently include: the archdeacons of Southwark, of Reigate (formerly of Kingston-on-Thames) and of Lewisham & Greenwich (formerly of Lewisham), the Archdeacon of Croydon and the archdeacons of Wandsworth and of Lambeth. Each one has responsibility over a geographical area within the diocese.
Highway M30 (Ukraine)
M30 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) formed on 28 April 2021, with the merger of the M04 and the M12. The Stryi-Debaltseve section is part of the European route E50, the section from Debaltseve to the Russian border is part of European route E40 and the section from Oleksandriia to Kropyvnytskyi is part of European route E584. The route was formed before the 30th anniversary of Ukrainian independence. It is also dubbed the Road to Unity.

Since 2014, a part of the road in eastern Ukraine has been under the control of the separatist Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia took direct control of areas of the road in the Donbas.

European route E40
European route E40 (E40) is a European route connecting Calais in France with Ridder in Kazakhstan near the border with Russia and China. 8,641 kilometres (5,369 miles) long, is the longest route in the International E-road network. A different route, connecting Calais and Ridder, is about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 miles) shorter, mostly using the E30 via Berlin, Moscow, and Omsk. The E40 differs from that route in order to provide additional direct east–west access to Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan, with a combined population base approaching 50 million people as of 2021.

From Dresden to Kyiv forms part of Pan-European Corridor III.

Since 2014, parts of the road in eastern Ukraine have been under the control of the separatist Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia took direct control of the areas in Donbas.
Stanley, Falkland Islands
Stanley (also known as Port Stanley) is the capital city of the Falkland Islands. It is located on the island of East Falkland, on a north-facing slope in one of the wettest parts of the islands. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 2,974. The entire population of the Falkland Islands was 3,662 on Census Day – 10 October 2021.

Stanley is represented by five of the eight elected members of the Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands: Stacy Bragger, Barry Elsby, Mark Pollard, Roger Spink, and Leona Vidal Roberts. An elected Town Council of Stanley existed from 1948 to 1973.

On 14 June 2022, Stanley received letters patent, formally awarding it city status.

Governor of the Falkland Islands
The governor of the Falkland Islands is the representative of the British Crown in the Falkland Islands, acting "in His Majesty's name and on His Majesty's behalf" as the islands' Viceroy in the absence of the British monarch. The role and powers of the governor are set out in Chapter II of the Falkland Islands Constitution. The governor in office resides at Government House, which serves as the official residence.
Sieradz
Sieradz [ˈɕɛrat͡s] ⓘ (Latin: Siradia) is a city on the Warta river in central Poland with 40,891 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of the Sieradz County, situated in the Łódź Voivodeship. Sieradz is a capital of the historical Sieradz Land.

Sieradz is one of the oldest cities in Poland. It was an important city of medieval Poland, thrice being a location for the election of the Polish monarchs. Polish Kings chaired six assemblies from here. Historically, it was the capital of the Duchy of Sieradz (1263-1339), Sieradz Voivodeship (1339–1793), and Sieradz Voivodeship (1975–1998). It is located on the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Apostolic Administration of Kazakhstan and Central Asia
The Apostolic Administration of Kazakhstan and Central Asia is an Apostolic Administration (pre-diocesan jurisdiction) and is exempt, i.e. directly subject to the Holy See, that extends its jurisdiction over all the Eastern Catholic faithful of the Byzantine Rite who live in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

Apostolic administration
An apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic administration), or is a diocese, archdiocese, eparchy or similar permanent ordinariate (such as a territorial prelature or a territorial abbacy) that has no mainstay prelate (an apostolic administrator sede vacante, as after an episcopal death, resignation or transfer to another territory) or, in very rare cases, has an incapacitated head (apostolic administrator sede plena). The title also applies to an outgoing incumbent while awaiting for the date of assuming his new position or date of effectivity of a retirement.
Alternate history
Alternate history (or alternative history, allohistory, althist, or simply A.H.) is a subgenre of speculative fiction in which one or more historical events happen differently than in real history. As conjecture based upon historical fact, alternate history stories propose "what if?" scenarios about pivotal events in human history, and present outcomes very different from the historical record. Some alternate histories are considered a subgenre of science fiction, or historical fiction.

Since the 1950s, as a subgenre of science fiction, some alternative history stories have featured the tropes of time travel between histories, the psychic awareness of the existence of an alternative universe by the inhabitants of a given universe, and time travel that divides history into various timestreams.

If It Had Happened Otherwise
If It Had Happened Otherwise is a 1931 collection of essays edited by J. C. Squire and published by Longmans, Green. Each essay in the collection could be considered alternate history or counterfactual history. Some of the essays were written by leading historians of the period, and one was written by Winston Churchill.
Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering
Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院院士) is the highest academic title in engineering science and technology in the People's Republic of China, and is a lifelong honor for experts and scholars who have made great contributions to the development of China's engineering science and technology. The academy consists of members, senior members, and foreign members. The election of new members is normally held every two years through voting at the General Assembly.

Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
An academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院院士) is a member of a division of the Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASAD). The membership is the highest academic title in the People’s Republic of China, and a lifelong prestigious honor awarded to Chinese scientists who have made significant contributions to science and technology. Academicians are elected from various research institutes and universities through strict and highly competitive process biannually. And the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is responsible for organizing and hosting this election.
Ballardsville, Kentucky
Ballardsville is an unincorporated community in Oldham County, Kentucky, United States. It is a small unincorporated community that lies a few miles south of La Grange on KY 53.

The community bears the name of a local family.

Oldham County, Kentucky
Oldham County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 67,607. Its county seat is La Grange. The county is named for Colonel William Oldham.

Oldham County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Oldham County is the wealthiest county in Kentucky and 47th-wealthiest county in the U.S. (and 37th in the U.S. by median income) and ranks as the most educated county in Kentucky. While the causes for this are complicated, areas east of Louisville have long been popular with wealthy residents, initially as summer residences and eventually as year-round suburban estates and bedroom communities. Oldham County lies northeast of the best known of these areas, Anchorage, just outside Louisville's pre-merger East End.
Fordongianus
Fordongianus (Sardinian: Fordongianis; Ancient Greek: Hydata Hypsitana; Latin: Aquae Hypsitanae or Forum Trajani) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region of Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Oristano. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,037 and an area of 39.4 square kilometres (15.2 mi2).

Fordongianus borders the following municipalities: Allai, Busachi, Ghilarza, Ollastra, Paulilatino, Siapiccia, Villanova Truschedu.

Siapiccia
Siapiccia (Sardinian: Siapicìa) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Oristano. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 365 and an area of 17.9 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi).

Siapiccia borders the following municipalities: Allai, Fordongianus, Ollastra, Siamanna and Simaxis.
Kingdom of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg [ˌkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk]) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that later became Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806.

Heilbronn
Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by the Heilbronn District.

From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.

Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.

In October 2025, Heilbronn was named the European Green Capital for 2027.
Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Io–Iz)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.

Compendium of postage stamp issuers (Ce–Ch)
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

See the Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Divisional-General Jean-Charles Pichegru (16 February 1761 – 5 April 1804) was a French Army officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars. Under his command, French troops overran the Austrian Netherlands and Dutch Republic in the Flanders campaign before fighting on the Rhine front. Pichegru's Royalist views subsequently led to his fall from grace and imprisonment in Cayenne following the Coup of 18 Fructidor in 1797. After escaping into exile in London and joining the staff of Alexander Korsakov, he returned to France and planned the Pichegru Conspiracy to remove Napoleon from power, which led to his arrest and suicide. Despite Pichegru's defection, his surname is one of the names inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe.

Army of the Rhine (1791–1795)
The Army of the Rhine (French: Armée du Rhin; German: Rheinarmee)  was formed in December 1791, for the purpose of bringing the French Revolution to the German states along the Rhine River. During its first year in action (1792), under command of Adam Philippe Custine, the Army of the Rhine participated in several victories, including Mainz, Frankfurt and Speyer. Subsequently, the army underwent several reorganizations and merged with the Army of the Moselle to form the Army of the Rhine and Moselle on 20 April 1795.
Léonie Island
Léonie Island is the largest and westernmost of the Léonie Islands, 2 kilometres (1 nmi) in diameter and 455 metres (1,500 ft) high, lying in the entrance to Ryder Bay along the southeast side of Adelaide Island, Antarctica. It was discovered and named by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot.

Ryder Bay Islands Important Bird Area
The Ryder Bay Islands Important Bird Area is a 520 ha designated site on the south-east coast of Adelaide Island, Antarctica. It has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports significant numbers of breeding seabirds, notably south polar skuas. The site encompasses the Léonie Islands lying at the mouth of Ryder Bay, as well as Rothera Point, the eastern headland of the bay.