hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
North Dakota National Guard
The North Dakota National Guard consists of the:

North Dakota Army National Guard

North Dakota Air National Guard

It is part of the North Dakota Office of the Adjutant General. The North Dakota Department of Emergency Services and North Dakota Wing Civil Air Patrol also fall under the Office of the Adjutant General.

North Dakota Air National Guard
The North Dakota Air National Guard (ND ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of North Dakota, United States. It's a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the North Dakota Army National Guard is an element of the North Dakota National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As state militia units, the units in the North Dakota Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of North Dakota though the office of the North Dakota Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The North Dakota Air National Guard is headquartered in Fargo, and its commander is currently Major General Alan S. Dohrmann.
Daliang Subdistrict
Daliang Subdistrict (Chinese: 大良街道; pinyin: Dàliáng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China, located to the east of Shunde City. It is the seat of the Shunde municipal government. It has a resident population of 310,000 with its total area of 80 km2 (31 sq mi).

Shunde, Guangdong
Shunde or Shun Tak (from Cantonese) is a district in the city of Foshan, Guangdong, located in the Pearl River Delta of China. It had a population of 2,464,784 as of the 2010 census. Once a traditional agricultural county, it has become one of the most affluent counties in Guangdong and mainland China. Since 2009, Shunde has been administered independently of Foshan city. It is directly accountable to the Guangdong provincial government.
Atzara
Atzara (Sardinian: Atzàra) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Cagliari and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Nuoro.

Atzara borders the following municipalities: Belvì, Meana Sardo, Samugheo, Sorgono. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Belvì
Belvì (Sardinian: Brevìe) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Cagliari and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Nuoro. It is part of the traditional region Barbagia di Belvì.

Belvì borders the following municipalities: Aritzo, Atzara, Desulo, Meana Sardo, Sorgono, Tonara.
Terra Chã
Terra Chã (English: low land) is a civil parish in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo on the island of Terceira in the Portuguese Azores. The population in 2011 was 2,915, in an area of 10.07 km2.

Part of the suburban beltway of Angra, the ecumenical parish (São Pedro) was established by King John VI, who granted it a charter on 6 September 1825, but its borders and administrative organs were confirmed by act of the Civil Governor of Angra ten years later on 26 November 1835. However, according to the testament of Pero Anes do Canto, its establishment as a parish dates back to the 15th century.

Terra Chã was the centre of guerrilla activity during the Liberal Wars, as well as a support centre during World War II and later in the Portuguese Colonial War. The role played by the local Hospital Militar da Terra Chã during these periods was instrumental in driving development in the region.

São Mateus da Calheta
São Mateus da Calheta is a civil parish within the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 3,757, in an area of 5.98 km2. It is located on the periphery of the urbanized area of the city of Angra do Heroísmo (approximately four 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the center), and developed from a small fishing port in a bay along the volcanic coast of the island (calheta is Portuguese for small bay).
Peloponnese (region)
The Peloponnese Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Πελοποννήσου, romanized: Periféria Peloponnísou, [periˈferia pelopoˈnisu]) is a region in southern Greece. It borders Western Greece to the north and Attica to the north-east. The region has an area of about 15,490 square kilometres (5,980 square miles). It covers most of the Peloponnese peninsula, except for the northwestern subregions of Achaea and Elis which belong to Western Greece and a small portion of the Argolid peninsula that is part of Attica.

Kalamata
Kalamata (Greek: Καλαμάτα [kalaˈmata]) is the second most populous city of the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece after Patras, and the largest city of the homonymous administrative region. As the capital and chief port of the Messenia regional unit, it lies along the Nedon River at the head of the Messenian Gulf.

The 2021 census recorded 72,906 inhabitants for the wider Kalamata Municipality, of which 66,135 resided in the municipal unit of Kalamata, and 58,816 in the city proper. Kalamata is renowned as the land of the Kalamatianos dance, Kalamata olives and Kalamata olive oil.
Junagadh State Railway
The Junagadh State Railway, also called Junagadh & Veraval Railway, was a metre gauge railway owned by the Junagadh State and initially worked by the Bhavnagar–Gondal–Junagadh–Porbandar Railway. From 1911 the JunSR worked itself as an independent system, owned by the Junagadh Durbar, until 1948 when it became part of the Saurashtra Railway.

Junagadh State
The State of Junagadh or Junagarh was a princely state located in Gujarat. It had been ruled by the Muslim Babi dynasty since 1654, first by Nawab of Junagadh within the Maratha Confederacy and later by British India. which, after the partition of British India, acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan. Subsequently, the Union of India annexed Junagadh in 1948, legitimized through a plebiscite held the same year. Pakistan claims sovereignty over the erstwhile princely state to this day.
Listed buildings in Church Aston
Church Aston is a civil parish in the district of Telford and Wrekin, Shropshire, England.  It contains 22 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Church Aston and Longford, part of Cheswell, and the surrounding countryside.  At Longford, the main building is Longford Hall, a country house which is listed, together with a number of associated structures.  Also in this village is a church and the surviving chancel of another church, both of which are listed.  Elsewhere most of the listed buildings are houses, cottages, and farm buildings, some of which are timber framed and date from the 17th century, and there is another listed church in Church Aston.

Cheswell, Shropshire
Cheswell is a hamlet in Shropshire, England, on the edge of the Weald Moors.

The settlement is overlooked by a rocky, sandstone edge called Cheswell Hill, which gives the place its name. The old name - Chrestill - is thought to mean 'Christ's Hill' or 'the hill with a cross'.

There a number of substantial brick buildings, including the Manor, Grange and Lodge, surrounded by damp, reclaimed farmland.
Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity
In algebraic geometry, the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of a coherent sheaf F over projective space  is the smallest integer r such that it is r-regular, meaning that

whenever . The regularity of a subscheme is defined to be the regularity of its sheaf of ideals. The regularity controls when the Hilbert function of the sheaf becomes a polynomial; more precisely dim  is a polynomial in m when m is at least the regularity. The concept of r-regularity  was introduced by David Mumford (1966, lecture 14), who attributed the following results to  Guido Castelnuovo (1893):

An r-regular sheaf is s-regular for any .

If a coherent sheaf is r-regular then  is generated by its global sections.

Glossary of algebraic geometry
This is a glossary of algebraic geometry.

See also glossary of commutative algebra, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, and glossary of ring theory. For the number-theoretic applications, see glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry.

For simplicity, a reference to the base scheme is often omitted; i.e., a scheme will be a scheme over some fixed base scheme S and a morphism an S-morphism.
2015 in Japanese literature
The following is an overview of the year 2015 in Japanese literature. It includes winners of literary awards, yearly best-sellers, title debuts and endings, and deaths of notable Japanese literature-related people, as well as any other relevant Japanese literature-related events. For an overview of the year in literature from other countries, see 2015 in literature; for an overview of the year in manga (Japanese comics), see 2015 in manga.

2015 in manga
The following is an overview of 2015 in manga. It includes winners of notable awards, best-sellers, title debuts and endings, deaths of notable manga-related people as well as any other relevant manga-related events. For an overview of the year in comics from other countries, see 2015 in comics.
Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary
Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary is a nature park in the Indian state of Sikkim. It has forty species of rhododendron trees. It is located in the Yumthang Valley of Flowers north of Lachung in North Sikkim district. Bird species found in the park include Wood snipe and Hoary-throated barwing. The sanctuary is part of the Sacred Himalayan Landscape.

Yumthang Valley of Flowers
The Yumthang Valley or Sikkim Valley of Flowers sanctuary, is a nature sanctuary with river, hot springs, yaks and grazing pasture on rolling meadows surrounded by the Himalayan mountains in Yumthang in the Mangan district of Sikkim state in India. It is approx. 75 km from Mangan town, the district headquarters. It is at an elevation of 3,564 metres (11,693 ft) above msl at a distance of 150 kilometres (93 mi) from the state capital Gangtok.
2019 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Grand Prix Series
The 2019 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Grand Prix Series was the 2019 edition of Rugby Europe's annual rugby sevens season. The top placing non-core teams advanced to the 2020 Hong Kong Women's Sevens qualification tournament, and the two teams with the fewest points were relegated to the 2020 Trophy tournament. The Marcoussis leg of the tournament also served as a qualifier to the European qualifiers for the 2020 Summer Olympics, where seven teams aside from Wales and Scotland advanced.

2019 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Olympic Qualifying Tournament
The 2019 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Olympic Qualifying Tournament was held on 13–14 July in Kazan at Central Stadium. The champion of the tournament will be eligible to qualify for the European spot in the 2020 Summer Olympics. The two runners-up will be eligible for bids at a 2020 Olympic repechage tournament.
Fujiwara no Sumitomo
Fujiwara no Sumitomo (藤原 純友; died 941) was a Japanese Heian era court noble and warrior. From 939 to 941, he aided the Taira clan in a series of revolts.

Sumitomo built his power base in Northern Kyushu. After making a secret agreement with Taira no Masakado, who was leading a revolt in Shimōsa Province, Sumitomo led his own revolt in Iyo province in 939, and soon afterwards invaded the provinces of Harima and Bizen. The revolt quickly spread throughout the whole San'yō region.

Pursued by imperial forces led by Ono no Yoshifuru and Minamoto no Tsunemoto, Sumitomo fled to Dazaifu, burning down the Dazaifu headquarters before he was defeated in battle at Hakata Bay. He then fled back to Iyo province, where he was captured. He was executed shortly afterwards, in 941, by Tachibana no Tōyasu.

His father was Fujiwara no Yoshinori, and he was the ancestor of the Arima clan of Hizen province.

Taira no Masakado
Taira no Masakado (平 将門; Japanese pronunciation: [taꜜi.ɾa no (|) ma.sa.ka.do], died March 25, 940) was a Heian period provincial magnate (gōzoku) and samurai based in eastern Japan, notable for leading the first recorded uprising against the central government in Kyōto. Along with Sugawara no Michizane and Emperor Sutoku, he is often called one of the "Three Great Onryō of Japan".
Manitoba Rugby Football Union
Manitoba Rugby Football Union was a Canadian football league, founded on Monday February 22, 1892.  The league merged with the Alberta Rugby Football Union and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union to form the Western Canada Rugby Football Union on Saturday October 21, 1911.

St. John's Rugby Football Club
The St. John's Rugby Football Club was a Canadian football team in Winnipeg, Manitoba, formed in October 1887, that played in the Manitoba Rugby Football Union and Western Canada Rugby Football Union between 1892 and 1932. The team was founded by students of St. John's College, but as information about this team has been mostly lost to history, it seems that the football team was not officially associated with the college (as mention of the team is not found in any of the school's official history). There was a St. John's Royalists junior football team, but no information links it to the MRFU club.

The St. John's Rugby Football Club was a very successful team, having won 13 MRFU championships in the 31 seasons they played.

While the St. John's Rugby Football Club did merge with new Winnipeg Rugby Football Club in 1932, the team is not part of the official history or records of Winnipeg's current team: the Blue Bombers.
Aare
The Aare (Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɛ] ⓘ) or Aar (Swiss Standard German: [aːr] ⓘ) is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.

Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about 295 kilometres (183 mi), during which distance it descends 1,565 m (5,135 ft), draining an area of 17,779 km2 (6,865 sq mi), almost entirely within Switzerland, and accounting for close to half the area of the country, including all of Central Switzerland.

There are more than 40 hydroelectric plants along the course of the Aare.

The river's name dates to at least the La Tène period, and it is attested as Nantaror "Aare valley" in the Berne zinc tablet.

The name was Latinized as Arula/Arola/Araris.

High Rhine
High Rhine (German: Hochrhein, pronounced [ˈhoːxˌʁaɪn] ⓘ; kilometres 0 to 167 of the Rhine) is the section of the Rhine between Lake Constance (Bodensee) and the city of Basel, flowing in a general east-to-west direction and forming mostly the Germany–Switzerland border. It is the first of four named sections of the Rhine (High Rhine, Upper Rhine, Middle Rhine, Lower Rhine) between Lake Constance and the river delta at the North Sea.
North Attleborough, Massachusetts
North Attleborough, alternatively spelled North Attleboro, is a city in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 30,834 at the 2020 census.

The villages of Attleboro Falls and North Attleborough Center are located in the city.

Cumberland, Rhode Island
Cumberland is the northeasternmost town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States, first settled in 1635 and incorporated in 1746.  The population was 36,405 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-largest municipality and the largest town in the state.
Van's Aircraft
Van's Aircraft, Inc. is an American kit aircraft manufacturer founded by Richard VanGrunsven in 1973. The Van's RV series aircraft are all-aluminum, low-wing monoplanes of monocoque construction. In 2023, over 11,000 Van's aircraft were flying worldwide, making up one third of the USA's experimental aircraft fleet.

The Van's Aircraft factory is located at Aurora State Airport, Oregon. The company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in December 2023.

Aurora State Airport
Aurora State Airport (ICAO: KUAO, FAA LID: UAO) is a public airport located one mile (2 km) northwest of the central business district of Aurora, a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. It is owned by the Oregon Department of Aviation.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Aurora State Airport is assigned UAO by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

Primarily a general aviation airport, Aurora has significant business aviation based at the field.  In addition the airport serves as the home to two major aviation companies Van's Aircraft and Columbia Helicopters.

On May 26, 2009, the Oregon State Legislature passed a resolution identifying the airport as Wes Lematta Field at Aurora State Airport.  The late Wes Lematta was the founder of Columbia Helicopters located on the northeastern corner of the field.
Zarjazz
Zarjazz was a record label and sub-label of Virgin Records.

Zarjazz was formed in 1984 by Madness, a British ska band. The label's first release was Feargal Sharkey's hit single "Listen to Your Father", on which Madness (minus Suggs) performed as Sharkey's backing band. Zarjazz also achieved success with album and single releases by Madness themselves, and with the charity record "Starvation" (credited as Starvation) featuring members of Madness, UB40, the Pioneers and General Public. The record label dissolved in 1986. Other Zarjazz artists were the Fink Brothers (Suggs and Chas Smash), Charm School, and Tom Morley.

The label was run from an office on Caledonian Road in North London, which also houses Liquidator Studios. Madness still owns the studio, but currently rents the premises to electronic music group Apollo 440.

Madness (band)
Madness are an English ska and pop band from Camden Town, north west London, who formed in 1976. One of the most prominent bands of the late-1970s/early-1980s two-tone ska revival, they continue to perform with six of the seven members of their original line-up. Madness's most successful period was from 1980 to 1986, when the band's songs spent a total of 214 weeks on the UK Singles Chart, jointly holding the record with English reggae group UB40 for most weeks spent by a group in the UK singles chart during the 1980s.

Madness have had 16 singles reach the UK top ten, including "One Step Beyond", "Baggy Trousers" and "It Must Be Love"; one UK number-one single, "House of Fun"; and two number ones in Ireland, "House of Fun" and "Wings of a Dove". "Our House" was their biggest US hit, reaching number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2000, the band received the Ivor Novello Award from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors for Outstanding Song Collection.
Laetolia
Laetolia is an extinct genus of galagid primates from the Pliocene of Tanzania. It contains one species, L. sadimanensis, which is known from several dentary fragments discovered in the Upper Laetolil Beds of Laetoli. It was originally described in 1987 as a species of Galago, but a separate genus was erected for it in 2011.

Galago
Galagos /ɡəˈleɪɡoʊz/, also known as bush babies or nagapies (meaning "night monkeys" in Afrikaans), are small nocturnal primates native to continental, sub-Sahara Africa, and make up the family Galagidae (also sometimes called Galagonidae). They are considered a sister group of the Lorisidae.

According to some accounts, the name "bush baby" comes from either the animal's cries or its appearance. The Ghanaian name aposor is given to them because of their firm grip on branches.

In both variety and abundance, the bush babies are the most successful strepsirrhine primates in Africa, according to the African Wildlife Foundation.
57th Air Division
The 57th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the Fifteenth Air Force, based at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota. It was inactivated on 24 June 1991.

499th Air Refueling Wing
The 499th Air Refueling Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit that was last active at Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts in June 1966.

The wing was first activated as the 499th Bombardment Group of the United States Army Air Forces, which flew combat in the Pacific Theater of Operations as part of Twentieth Air Force during World War II. The 499th BG engaged in very heavy Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombardment operations against Japan for which it earned two Distinguished Unit Citations. Its aircraft were identified by a "V" and a square painted on the tail.

The 499th Air Refueling Wing was an air refueling and airborne command and control unit active from 1963 to 1966.  In 1984 USAF consolidated the group and wing into a single unit sharing a common history.
Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme (/ˈbeɪmə, ˈboʊ-/; German: [ˈbøːmə]; 24 April 1575 – 17 November 1624) was a German philosopher, Christian mystic, and Lutheran Protestant theologian. He was considered an original thinker by many of his contemporaries within the Lutheran tradition, and his first book, commonly known as Aurora, caused a great scandal. In contemporary English, his name may be spelled Jacob Boehme (retaining the older German spelling); in seventeenth-century England it was also spelled Behmen, approximating the contemporary English pronunciation of the German Böhme.

Böhme had a profound influence on later philosophical movements such as German idealism and German Romanticism. Hegel described Böhme as "the first German philosopher".

Vision (spirituality)
A vision is something seen in a dream, trance, or religious ecstasy, especially a supernatural appearance that usually conveys a revelation. Visions generally have more clarity than dreams, but traditionally fewer psychological connotations. Visions are known to emerge from spiritual traditions and could provide a lens into human nature and reality. Prophecy is often associated with visions.
NGC 2164
NGC 2164 is a 10th-magnitude open cluster in the Dorado constellation. The celestial object was discovered on September 27, 1826, by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop. Its apparent size is 2.5 arcmin. It is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

Dorado
Dorado (US: /dəˈreɪdoʊ/, also UK: /-ˈrɑːdoʊ/) is a constellation in the Southern Sky. It was named in the late 16th century and is now one of the 88 modern constellations. Its name refers to the mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus), which is known as dorado ("golden") in Spanish, although it has also been depicted as a swordfish. Dorado contains most of the Large Magellanic Cloud, the remainder being in the constellation Mensa. The South Ecliptic pole also lies within this constellation.

Even though the name Dorado is not Latin but Spanish, astronomers give it the Latin genitive form Doradus when naming its stars; it is treated (like the adjacent asterism Argo Navis) as a feminine proper name of Greek origin ending in -ō (like Io or Callisto or Argo), which have a genitive ending -ūs.
Miskolc
Miskolc (UK: /ˈmiːʃkɒlts/ MEESH-kolts, US: /ˈmɪʃkoʊlts/ MISH-kohlts; Hungarian: [ˈmiʃkolt͡s] ⓘ; Czech and Slovak: Miškovec; German: Mischkolz; Yiddish: Mishkoltz; Romanian: Mișcolț) is a city in northeastern Hungary, known for its heavy industry. With a population of 143,502 as of 2024, Miskolc is the fourth largest city in Hungary, behind Budapest, Debrecen, and Szeged. It is also the county capital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and the regional centre of Northern Hungary.

National Theatre of Miskolc
The National Theatre of Miskolc is the main theatre of Miskolc, and the oldest theatre company of Hungary. Its current Classicist and Neo-baroque building built between 1847 and 1857, is in the city centre, in Széchenyi street and is home to not only theatrical plays, but also to events like the International Opera Festival of Miskolc.