hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Jersey Midland Railway
The New Jersey Midland Railway, also known simply as "the Midland,” was the main predecessor to the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway (NYS&W), operating in the 19th century in Northern New Jersey and Orange County, New York.

New York, Ontario and Western Railway
The New York, Ontario and Western Railway, commonly known as the O&W or NYO&W, was a regional railroad founded in 1868.  The last train ran from Norwich, New York, to Middletown, New York, in 1957, after which it was ordered liquidated by a U.S. bankruptcy judge. It was the first Class I U.S. railroad to be abandoned in its entirety.

The railroad began life as the New York and Oswego Midland Railroad, organized by Dewitt C. Littlejohn of Oswego, NY, in 1868. Its mainline extended from Weehawken, New Jersey, across the Hudson River from New York City, to Oswego, New York, a port city on Lake Ontario. It had branch lines to  Kingston, Port Jervis, Monticello, Delhi, Utica and Rome, New York and Scranton, Pennsylvania. The part south of Cornwall, New York, was operated over the New York Central Railroad's West Shore Railroad via trackage rights.
Matrakçı Nasuh
Nasuh bin Karagöz bin Abdullah el-Visokavi el-Bosnavî, commonly known as Matrakçı Nasuh (Turkish pronunciation: [matɾakˈtʃɯ naˈsuh]; Serbo-Croatian: Matrakčija Nasuh Visočak) for his competence in the combat sport of Matrak which was invented by himself, (also known as Nasuh el-Silâhî, Nasuh the Swordsman, because of his talent with weapons; 1480 – c. 1564) was a 16th-century Ottoman Bosnian statesman of the Ottoman Empire, polymath, mathematician, philosopher, teacher, historian, geographer, cartographer, swordmaster, navigator, inventor, painter, farmer, and miniaturist.

He was brought to Istanbul after being recruited by Ottoman scouts in Rumelia. He was then educated, served several Ottoman sultans, and became a teacher at Enderun School.

Lattice multiplication
Lattice multiplication, also known as the Italian method, Chinese method, Chinese lattice, gelosia multiplication, sieve multiplication, shabakh, diagonally or Venetian squares, is a method of multiplication that uses a lattice to multiply two multi-digit numbers. It is mathematically identical to the more commonly used long multiplication algorithm, but it breaks the process into smaller steps, which some practitioners find easier to use.

The method had already arisen by medieval times, and has been used for centuries in many different cultures. It is still being taught in certain curricula today.
13058 Alfredstevens
13058 Alfredstevens, provisional designation 1990 WN3, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Belgian astronomer Eric Elst at ESO's La Silla Observatory in Northern Chile, on 19 November 1990. The asteroid was named for Belgian painter Alfred Stevens.

Eric Walter Elst
Eric Walter Elst (30 November 1936 – 2 January 2022) was a Belgian astronomer at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle and a prolific discoverer of asteroids. The Minor Planet Center ranks him among the top 10 discoverers of minor planets with thousands of discoveries made at ESO's La Silla Observatory in northern Chile and at the Rozhen Observatory in Bulgaria during 1986–2009.

The minor planet 3936 Elst, a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, roughly 6 kilometers in diameter, was named in his honour.
Bare Lane railway station
Bare Lane is a railway station on the Morecambe Branch Line, which runs between Lancaster and Heysham Port. The station, situated 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) west of Lancaster, serves the suburb of Bare in Morecambe, Lancashire. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Bare, Morecambe
Bare is a suburb of and electoral ward in Morecambe, within the City of Lancaster district in Lancashire, England. The population of the ward as taken at the Census 2011 was 4,067.  Bare has a high street (Princes Crescent), and a railway station connecting it to Morecambe and Lancaster. Its name comes from Anglo-Saxon bearu meaning "grove".

Bare Hall is a Grade II listed building built around 1830 by the Lodge family.
London Museum of Water & Steam
London Museum of Water & Steam  is an independent museum founded in 1975 as the Kew Bridge Steam Museum. It was rebranded in early 2014 following a major investment project.

Situated on the site of the old Kew Bridge Pumping Station in Brentford, near Kew Bridge on the River Thames in West London, England, the museum is centred on a collection of stationary water pumping steam engines dating from 1820 to 1910. It is the home of the world's largest collection of Cornish engines, including the Grand Junction 90 inch (which was for a time the world's largest working beam engine) and the 100 inch engine, the largest surviving single-cylinder beam engine in the world.

The museum is an anchor point on the European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH).

Worthington-Simpson
Worthington-Simpson was a British pump manufacturer. Many of their pumps were used in municipal waterworks in Great Britain.

The company has its roots in a steam engine workshop founded by Thomas Simpson around 1785. His sons took over the workshop and founded James Simpson & Co., which became Worthington Pump Co.  through a merger in 1903, renamed Worthington-Simpson in 1917. It continued as an independent pump manufacturer until 1969, when it became a subsidiary of Studebaker-Worthington. A series of mergers and divestitures followed. The successor company as of 2013, formed through a number of mergers, is Flowserve.
British campaign in the Baltic (1918–1919)
The British campaign in the Baltic 1918–1919 was a part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. The codename of the Royal Navy campaign was Operation Red Trek. The intervention played a key role in enabling the establishment of the independent states of Estonia and Latvia. It failed to secure the control of Petrograd by White Russian forces, which was one of the main goals of the campaign.

HMS L55
HMS L55 was a British L class submarine built by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Govan, Clyde. She was laid down on 21 September 1917 and was commissioned on 19 December 1918.

In 1919 L55 was sunk in the Baltic Sea by Bolshevik vessels while serving as part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. The submarine was raised in 1928 and repaired by the Soviets. After being used for training, she finally was scrapped in the 1950s.
Worthington State Forest
Worthington State Forest is a state forest located in Warren County, New Jersey within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, just north of the water gap in the Skylands Region of the state. It covers an area of 6,660 acres (27.0 km2) and stretches for more than 7 miles (11 km) along the Kittatinny Ridge near Columbia.

The park offers hiking, camping (including a hike-in, primitive area) and canoeing and kayaking on the Delaware River. There are nearly 20 miles (32 km) of hiking trails within the park, including 7 miles (11 km) of the Appalachian Trail, which passes through the park. The park is operated and maintained by the New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.

Delaware Water Gap
The Delaware Water Gap is a water gap on the border of the U.S. states of New Jersey and Pennsylvania where the Delaware River cuts through a large ridge of the Appalachian Mountains.

The gap makes up the southern portion of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, which is used primarily for recreational purposes, such as canoeing, fishing, hiking, and rock climbing. Though the US National Park Service manages the National Recreation Area, portions of the water gap are also patrolled by New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.

The park does not charge an entrance fee but does have expanded amenity fees, including vehicle season and daily passes, bicycles amenity fees, and charges for beach use. Most of the park is open 24-hours a day, with most day-use areas within the park open sunrise to sunset (such as trailhead parking lots, Millbrook Village, and all picnic areas).
CTV Sci-Fi Channel
CTV Sci-Fi Channel is a Canadian English-language discretionary specialty channel owned by Bell Media subsidairy of BCE Inc. The channel primarily broadcasts speculative fiction and related programming.

The network was launched on October 17, 1997 as Space, under its original parent company CHUM Limited. Its slogan, The Imagination Station, continued to be used informally by its fans for many years after its retirement. In 2007, Space was acquired by CTVglobemedia, after acquiring CHUM Limited, while the Citytv stations were sold to Rogers Media. The channel adopted its current name in 2019.

Discretionary service
A discretionary service is a Canadian specialty channel which, as defined by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, may be carried optionally by all subscription television providers. It replaces the previous category A, category B, category C (instead split into the categories of "mainstream sports" and "national news"), and premium classifications.

Discretionary services may air programming from any of the CRTC's defined categories, although no more than 10% of programming per month may be devoted to live professional sports. Discretionary services may be authorized to offer multiplex channels.
Haunted house
A haunted house, spook house or ghost house in ghostlore is a house or other building often perceived as being inhabited by disembodied spirits of the deceased who may have been former residents or were otherwise connected with the property. Parapsychologists often attribute haunting to the spirits of the dead who have suffered from violent or tragic events in the building's past such as murder, accidental death, or suicide.

Upon scientific investigation, alternative causes to supernatural phenomenon are found, such as hoaxes, environmental effects, hallucinations or confirmation biases. Common symptoms of hauntings, like cold spots and creaking or knocking sounds, can be found in most homes regardless of suspected paranormal presences. Carbon monoxide poisoning has also been cited as a cause of suspected hauntings.

The Haunted Mansion
The Haunted Mansion is a horror/thriller themed dark-ride attraction located at Disneyland, Magic Kingdom, and Tokyo Disneyland. The haunted house attraction features a ride-through tour in Omnimover vehicles called "Doom Buggies" and a walk-through show is displayed to the queue line. Each location differs slightly in design, utilizing a range of technology from centuries-old theatrical effects to modern special effects, including Audio-Animatronics.

The ride was in development for over a decade after the park opened and was one of the last projects made under Walt Disney's direction. The Haunted Mansion inspired two loosely similar but distinct attractions, Phantom Manor and Mystic Manor, at Disneyland Park Paris and Hong Kong Disneyland, respectively. Franchise media includes television specials, merchandise, comic strips, and two feature films; The Haunted Mansion released in 2003, and Haunted Mansion released in 2023.
Wether Hill (Lake District)
Wether Hill is a fell in the English Lake District, between Martindale and Haweswater. It lies on the main north-south ridge of the Far Eastern Fells between Loadpot Hill and High Raise. Lesser ridges also radiate out to the east and north-west. It should not be confused with Wether Hill in north Northumberland.

Far Eastern Fells
The Far Eastern Fells are a part of the Cumbrian Mountains in the Lake District of England. Reaching their highest point at High Street (828 metres or 2.718 ft.), they occupy a broad area to the east of Ullswater and Kirkstone Pass. Much quieter than the central areas of Lakeland they offer in general easier walking as the fells merge mainly into the surrounding moorlands.
Littletown, West Yorkshire
Littletown is one of the constituent settlements of the district of Liversedge, West Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, much of the town centre was demolished in the 1960s for road widening.

Although local residents always refer to it as a town, its size and population are similar to that of a village. Although it is literally a little town the place name is reputedly named after a Mr Little.

Liversedge
Liversedge is an industrial town in the Kirklees district, in West Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Liversedge lies between Cleckheaton and Heckmondwike. The Kirklees ward is now called Liversedge and Gomersal with a population at the 2011 Census of 19,420. Liversedge forms part of the Heavy Woollen District and was historically part of the parish of Birstall.
Dionysius I of Syracuse
Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (c. 432 – 367 BC) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily. He conquered several cities on Sicily and southern Italy, opposed Carthage's influence on Sicily and made Syracuse the most powerful of the western Greek colonies. He was regarded by the ancients as the worst kind of despot: cruel, suspicious, and vindictive.

Sword of Damocles
The Sword of Damocles is an ancient Greek moral anecdote, an allusion to the imminent and ever-present peril faced by those in positions of power. Its main character, Damocles, was based on a courtier in the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse, a ruler of Syracuse, Sicily, Magna Graecia, during the classical Greek era.

The anecdote apparently figured in the lost history of Sicily by Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 356 – c. 260 BC). The Roman orator Cicero (c. 106 – c. 43 BC), who may have read it in the texts of Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, used it in his Tusculanae Disputationes, 5. 61, by which means it passed into the European cultural mainstream.
Balanga, Bataan
Balanga (pronounced [bɐˈlaŋa]), officially the City of Balanga (Filipino: Lungsod ng Balanga), is a component city and capital of the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 109,931 people.

It was included the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2015.

Abucay
Abucay, officially the Municipality of Abucay, (Tagalog: Bayan ng Abucay; Kapampangan: Balen ning Abucay (Mabatang dialect: Balayan ning Abucay); Spanish: Municipio de Abucay), is a municipality in the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 44,846 people.
Randjespark
Randjespark is a suburb of Midrand, South Africa. It is located in Region A of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

The area has been subject to several power outages and disconnected services. In 2023, the area gained attention after a car dealership in the locality had their power cut for refusal to settle past bills. In January 2025, unplanned outages took place across the neighborhood. In June 2025, power was cut to allow network maintenance.

Midrand
Midrand is a town in central Gauteng, South Africa. It is situated in-between Centurion and Sandton. Formerly an independent municipality, Midrand now forms part of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.
Naseer Ahmad Khan (scholar)
Naseer Ahmad Khan (1918–2010), also written as Naseer Ahmad Khan Bulandshahri, was an Indian Islamic scholar and muhaddith. He served as a professor at Darul Uloom Deoband for approximately sixty-five years, during which he taught Sahih al-Bukhari for thirty-two years.

Sameeruddin Qasmi
Sameeruddin Qasmi (born 6 November 1950), also written as Samiruddin Qasmi, is an Indian Islamic scholar based in the UK, specializing in Islamic astronomy, hadith, Hanafi jurisprudence, and Islamic theology.
Intersex characters in fiction
Intersex people are born with sex characteristics, such as genitals, gonads and chromosome patterns, "that do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies". Literary descriptions may use older or different language for intersex traits, including describing intersex people as hermaphrodites, neither wholly male or female, or a combination of male and female. This page examines intersex characters in fictional works as a whole, focusing on characters and tropes over time.

For more information about fictional characters in other parts of the LGBTQ community, see the corresponding pages about asexual, pansexual, non-binary, lesbian, and gay characters in fiction.

Intersex literature
Intersex people and themes appear in numerous books, comics and magazines. Intersex, in humans and other animals, describes variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes, gonads, sex hormones, or genitals that, according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, "do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies". Morgan Holmes describes common representations of intersex people as monsters or ciphers for discussions about sex and gender, while Phoebe Hart contrasts a small number of examples of well-rounded characters with the creation of "objects of ridicule".
Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology
Shizuoka University of Science and Technology (静岡理工科大学, Shizuoka Rikōka Daigaku), or SIST, is a private university in Fukuroi, Shizuoka, Japan.

The predecessor of the school was founded in 1940 as a driving school. It was chartered as a university in 1991, specializing in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and computer technology. The university has approximately 1500 students in two faculties: the Faculty of Science and Technology and the Faculty of Comprehensive Informatics.

The university has reciprocal relationships with Daegu University in South Korea and Zhejiang Gongshang University in China.

Fukuroi, Shizuoka
Fukuroi (袋井市, Fukuroi-shi) is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2019, the city had an estimated population of 88,395 in 34,842 households, and a population density of 820 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 108.33 square kilometres (41.83 sq mi). Fukuroi is a member of the World Health Organization’s Alliance for Healthy Cities  (AFHC).
National Prize for Sciences (Chile)
The National Prize for Sciences (Spanish: Premio Nacional de Ciencias) was an award that was part of the National Prize of Chile until 1992. It was created by law 16746, promulgated on 24 January 1968, and published in the Official Journal on 14 February of the same year. This made the National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) an autonomous body with legal personhood.

This prize was granted to the Chilean scientist or team of scientists whose work in the field of pure or applied sciences was entitled to such distinction (per Article 2 of Law 16746). Initially it was granted annually, being modified by Law 17595 of 1972, which ordered that it would be given every two years.

In 1992, through Law 19169, it was replaced by the National Prizes for Exact Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Applied Sciences and Technologies.

National Prize for Exact Sciences (Chile)
The National Prize for Exact Sciences (Spanish: Premio Nacional de Ciencias Exactas) was created in 1992 as one of the replacements for the National Prize for Sciences under Law 19169. The other two prizes in this same area are for Natural Sciences and Applied Sciences and Technologies.

It is part of the National Prize of Chile.
Discretionary trust
In the trust law of England, Australia, Canada, and other common law jurisdictions,  a discretionary trust is a trust where the beneficiaries and their entitlements to the trust fund are not fixed, but are determined by the criteria set out in the trust instrument by the settlor. It is sometimes referred to as a family trust in Australia or New Zealand. Where the discretionary trust is a testamentary trust, it is common for the settlor (or testator) to leave a letter of wishes for the trustees to guide them as to the settlor's wishes in the exercise of their discretion. Letters of wishes are not legally binding documents.

Discretionary trusts can only arise as express trusts. It is not possible for a constructive trust or a resulting trust to arise as a discretionary trust.

Australian trust law
Australian trust law is the law of trusts as it is applied in Australia. It is derived from, and largely continues to follow English trust law, as modified by state and federal legislation. A number of unique features of Australian trust law arise from interactions with the Australian systems of company law, family law and taxation.
Killadeas
Killadeas (from Irish  Cill Chéile Dé 'church of the Culdees') is a small village in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is about 7 miles north of Enniskillen near the shores of Lower Lough Erne, and is within Fermanagh and Omagh district. In the 2021 census it had a population of 82 people.

The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) operates a lifeboat station on Lower Lough Erne at Killadeas. It works in conjunction with another lifeboat station on Upper Lough Erne at Carrybridge.

Carrybridge
Carrybridge, also Carry Bridge, is a hamlet in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Lisnaskea and 11 km (7 mi) south-east of Enniskillen. It is situated in the townland of Aghnacarra in the civil parish of Derrybrusk and the historic barony of Magherastephana.

The hamlet is named from a bridge connecting the island of Inishmore in Upper Lough Erne with the mainland. The bridge is named from the townland of Carry on the island, which name translates as 'causeway' or 'rocky ford', perhaps referring to a feature replaced by the bridge.

It serves as a marina and boat hire centre. The area contains Derryharney Church of Ireland and the Carrybridge Hotel, as well as the bridge over the narrows at the outflow from Upper Lough Erne.
Moulton College (Toronto)
Moulton College was a private girls' school in Toronto, Canada which was part of  McMaster University. The school's curriculum was designed to prepare young women for their lives as wives and mothers, although it also offered a matriculation course for women who wanted to attend the University of Toronto or McMaster University.

Founded in 1888, Moulton College was located in the former home of Senator William McMaster and Susan Moulton McMaster on Bloor Street East. The school was affiliated with the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec.

After decades of financial difficulty, McMaster University closed the school in 1954 and sold the buildings.

Susan Moulton McMaster
Susan McMaster (10 September 1819 – 27 August 1916) was the founder of Moulton Ladies' College and the wife of Canadian senator and founder of McMaster University, William McMaster. A devout Christian and supporter of girls' education, she sought to inspire young girls to be devout Christians and exert a strong influence on their communities through their work as homemakers and community service.

In 1888, McMaster founded Moulton Ladies' College, a private girls' school in Toronto, Ontario.
Dix Hills, New York
Dix Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located within the Town of Huntington in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 26,180 at the time of the 2020 census.

Huntington, New York
Huntington is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The town's population was 204,127 at the time of the 2020 census, making it the 11th most populous city/town in the state.

Founded in 1653, the Town of Huntington is located on the North Shore of Long Island in northwestern Suffolk County, with the Long Island Sound to its north and Nassau County adjacent to the west. It is part of the New York metropolitan area.