hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacob Perkins
Jacob Perkins (July 9, 1766 – July 30, 1849) was an American inventor, mechanical engineer and physicist based in the United Kingdom.  Born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, Perkins was apprenticed to a goldsmith. He soon made himself known with a variety of useful mechanical inventions and eventually had twenty-one American and nineteen English patents. He is sometimes known as the father of the refrigerator. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1813 and a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1819.

Angier March Perkins
Angier March Perkins (21 August 1799 – 22 April 1881) was an American engineer who worked most of his career in the United Kingdom and was instrumental in developing the new technologies of central heating.
First Methodist Church, Gatlinburg
First Methodist Church, Gatlinburg, also known as Gatlinburg First United Methodist Church, in Gatlinburg, Tennessee was designed by Charles I. Barber in Late Gothic Revival style.  It was built during 1945–1950, with first worship in 1947.  A second building, its education building, and a porch that joins them, was completed in 1961.  Both were designed by architectural firm Barber and McMurry. The building was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2007 for its architecture.

It is located on a hillside above the main area of Gatlinburg.  The original building is built of Crab Orchard stone from Bluff Mountain, used in foundation and exterior walls, Indiana limestone around the doors and windows, and Illinois slate shingles for the roofs.

Gatlinburg, Tennessee
Gatlinburg is a city in Sevier County, Tennessee, United States. It is located 39 miles (63 km) southeast of Knoxville and had a population of 3,577 at the 2020 census. It is a popular mountain resort town, as it rests on the border of Great Smoky Mountains National Park along U.S. Route 441.
Monotropastrum humile
Monotropastrum humile is a species of myco-heterotrophic plant of the family Ericaceae, distributed throughout eastern Asia, from the Himalayas to the Islands of Japan.

It lacks chlorophyll and is therefore unable to perform photosynthesis as most plants do; instead it gains sugars and nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi.

It is sometimes referred to as Cheilotheca macrocarpa.

Cheilotheca
Cheilotheca is a small genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in the family Ericaceae. They obtain their nutrients by parasitising fungi in the Russulaceae family. As of 2025, the genus includes four species.
Bergverlag Rother
Bergverlag Rother is a German publisher with its headquarters in Oberhaching, Upper Bavaria. Since 1950 the company, that formerly went under the name of Bergverlag Rudolf Rother, had published the Alpine Club Guides in cooperation with the German Alpine Club (DAV), the Austrian Alpine Club (ÖAV) and the South Tyrol Alpine Club.

Rother publish a "famous series of English language guides" covering most of the popular walking destinations in the Alps and Europe.

German Alpine Club
The German Alpine Club (German: Deutscher Alpenverein, DAV for short) is the world's largest climbing association and the eighth-largest sporting association in Germany. It is a member of the German Olympic Sports Confederation and the competent body for sport and competition climbing, hiking, mountaineering, hill walking, ice climbing, mountain expeditions, as well as ski mountaineering. It is an association made up of local branches known as 'sections'.
Todd Tichenor
Todd Frederick Tichenor (born December 15, 1976) is an American professional baseball umpire. He became a Major League Baseball reserve umpire in 2007 and was promoted to the full-time MLB staff in 2012. He wore number 97 until the 2014 season, when he switched to number 13 (formerly worn by Derryl Cousins).

Derryl Cousins
Derryl Cousins (August 18, 1946 – October 19, 2020) was an American umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB), who worked in the American League (AL) from 1979 to 1999, and umpired throughout both leagues from 2000 until his retirement following the 2012 season, ending his career as a crew chief.

Cousins was hired as a replacement umpire during the 1979 Major League umpires strike and was the last replacement umpire from that strike to officiate in the league at the time of his retirement.
Dalaal
Dalaal is a 1993 Indian bilingual action film simultaneously shot in Bengali and Hindi languages directed by Partho Ghosh. Produced by Prakash Mehra under his banner of Prakash Mehra Productions, the film is based on a short story by Kaushal Bharati. It stars Mithun Chakraborty, Ayesha Jhulka and Raj Babbar in lead roles, while Tinnu Anand, Shakti Kapoor, Ravi Behl, Satyen Kappu, Indrani Banerjee, Tarun Ghosh and Ravi Behl play another pivotal roles. The film fetched good initial box-office collection primarily due to the songs composed by Bappi Lahiri. It was the eighth highest grossing Bollywood film of 1993.

Ravi Behl
Ravi Behl (born 10 May 1966) is an Indian actor and  television producer belonging to Behl family of Hindi films. He is better known for the 1991 film Narsimha and as co-host of dance show Boogie Woogie, that he co-produced with Naved Jaffery for Sony television. He debuted in movies in 1980 with film Morchha, followed by Inteha in 1984.
Mynydd Troed
Mynydd Troed is a hill in the Black Mountains of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Powys, south Wales.  Its name literally translates to "Foot Mountain," based how it appears when viewed from the Allt Mawr ridge.

It lies 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Talgarth and  2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of the village of Llangors on the western side of the range. Its summit at the northern end of a northwest to southeast aligned ridge reaches 609 metres (1,998 ft) above sea level and is crowned by a trig point.

Black Mountains, United Kingdom
The Black Mountains (Welsh: Y Mynydd Du or Y Mynyddoedd Duon) is a group of hills on the England–Wales border. The larger Welsh part is located in south-east Powys and north-west Monmouthshire, and the smaller English part in western Herefordshire. The range lies approximately within a triangle defined by Abergavenny in the south-east, Hay-on-Wye in the north, and Llangors in the west; Talgarth and Crickhowell are also nearby.

The Welsh part of the Black Mountains is the easternmost of the four ranges of hills that comprise the Brecon Beacons National Park; it should not be confused with the westernmost, the similarly-named Black Mountain. The Black Mountains contain a peak called the Black Mountain, which is the highest point in southern England. The Gospel Pass road is the highest public road in Wales.
Hill Field House
Talmadge L. Hill Field House is a 4,250-seat multi-purpose arena in Baltimore, Maryland. It was opened in 1974, replacing Hurt Gymnasium, and is named for former Morgan State Bears men's basketball coach Talmadge L. Hill. It is home to the Morgan State University Bears men's basketball and women's basketball teams and women's volleyball team. It hosted the MEAC men's basketball tournament in 1994 and 1995.

Morgan State Bears basketball
The Morgan State Bears basketball team represents Morgan State University, located in Baltimore, Maryland, in Division I basketball competition. They currently compete in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference. The Bears are currently coached by Kevin Broadus and play their home games at the Talmadge L. Hill Field House. They were the 1974 NCAA Division II national champions. Morgan State has appeared two times in the NCAA tournament, most recently in 2010.
Novaledo
Novaledo is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located in the Bassa Valsugana valley (Lower part of the Valsugana valley) about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 882 and an area of 8.0 square kilometres (3.1 mi2).

Novaledo borders the following municipalities: Frassilongo, Roncegno, Borgo Valsugana, Pergine Valsugana and Levico Terme.

Pergine Valsugana
Pergine Valsugana (Pèrzen or Pèrzem in local dialect, German: Fersen im Suganertal) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Trento.

Pergine Valsugana borders the following municipalities: Baselga di Pinè, Trento, Fornace, Sant'Orsola Terme, Civezzano, Frassilongo, Vignola-Falesina, Novaledo, Levico Terme, Tenna, Vigolo Vattaro, Bosentino, Caldonazzo and Calceranica al Lago.
Trinity Episcopal Church (Upperville, Virginia)
Trinity Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal congregation in Upperville, Meade Parish, Fauquier County, Virginia. The principal buildings—church, parish hall, and rectory—are grouped around three sides of an octagonal courtyard, and form the centerpiece of a 35-acre campus. The Neo-Norman-style church and rectory are designated primary resources in the Upperville Historic District.: 24  Several of the church's other buildings are listed as contributing properties to the historic district.

The current church with its many embellishments was the gift of Upperville residents Paul and Rachel Lambert "Bunny" Mellon. They donated it to Meade Parish in memory of Mary Conover Mellon (1904-1946), Paul Mellon's first wife and the mother of their two children, who died suddenly at age 42.: 274  The new church was dedicated on September 28, 1960.

Rachel Lambert Mellon
Rachel Lambert "Bunny" Mellon (August 9, 1910 – March 17, 2014) was an American horticulturalist, gardener, philanthropist, and art collector. She designed and planted a number of significant gardens, including the White House Rose Garden, and assembled one of the largest collections of rare horticultural books. Mellon was the second wife of philanthropist and horse breeder Paul Mellon.
Devil Without a Cause
Devil Without a Cause is the fourth studio album by American musician Kid Rock. Released on August 18, 1998, the album saw Kid Rock continuing to develop his sound, and marked the finalization of his stage persona as a 'redneck pimp'. Additionally, the song "Cowboy" is seen as being instrumental in the development of the fusion genre country rap.

Devil Without a Cause was a major commercial success. Spurred by the popularity of the single "Bawitdaba", the album sold over 14 million copies, and was certified diamond. The album also received critical acclaim for its genre-mixing sound.

Rap rock
Rap rock is a music genre that developed from the early to mid-1980s, when hip hop DJs incorporated rock records into their routines and rappers began incorporating original and sampled rock instrumentation into hip hop music. Rap rock is considered to be rock music in which lyrics are rapped, rather than sung. The genre achieved its greatest success in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Antlers, Oklahoma
Antlers is a city in and the county seat of Pushmataha County, Oklahoma, United States.  The population was 2,221 as of the 2020 United States census.  The town was named for a kind of tree that becomes festooned with antlers shed by deer, and is taken as a sign of the location of a spring frequented by deer.

U.S. Route 271
U.S. Route 271 (US 271, US-271) is a north–south United States highway.  Never a long highway, it went from bi-state route (Arkansas and Oklahoma) to a tri-state route (Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas). Its southern terminus is in Tyler, Texas, at an intersection with State Highway 31 and SH 155. The highway's northern terminus is in Fort Smith, Arkansas, at an intersection with Business U.S. Route 71 and AR 255.  It enters Arkansas from Oklahoma as a controlled-access highway, but the highway continues as Interstate 540 when US 271 exits toward downtown after one-half mile (800 m) in Arkansas.
Frederick IV of Liegnitz
Frederick IV, Duke of Legnica (20 April 1552 – 27 March 1596) was Duke of Legnica from 1571 until his death (as a co-ruler of his elder brother during 1571–1576 and 1580–1581).

He was the third but second surviving son of Frederick III, Duke of Liegnitz, by his wife Katharina, daughter of Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg. He was named after his brother Frederick, who died in 1551, one year before his birth.

Frederick III of Legnica
Frederick III, Duke of Legnica (Polish: Fryderyk III Legnicki) (22 February 1520 – 15 December 1570) was a Duke of Legnica during 1547–1551 and 1556–1559 (both times was deposed by Habsburgs Emperors Charles V and Ferdinand I).

He was the eldest son of Frederick II, Duke of Legnica-Brzeg, by his second wife Sophie, daughter of Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach.
The Comes
The Comes was a Japanese hardcore punk band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 1982. They were one of the first Japanese hardcore bands alongside GISM, Gauze and Lip Cream. The Comes were fronted by female vocalist Chitose, who went to sing in the metal band Virgin Rocks. Chitose was the first vocalist of female-fronted hardcore punk bands to gain fame. Guitarist Naoki and drummer Matsumura both went on to Gastunk. Minoru Ogawa went on to join Naoki in Lip Cream.

Gastunk
Gastunk (stylized as GASTUNK) is an influential Japanese rock band, first active from 1983 to 1988. Initially a hardcore punk band, guitarist Tatsu later recalled that when Gastunk made their major label debut they were dubbed heavy metal by the media. They reunited for one-off concerts in 1999 and 2006, before fully restarting activities in 2010.
H. C. Ørsteds Vej
H. C. Ørsteds Vej is a street in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Gammel Kongevej in the south to Åboulevard on the border with Nørrebro in the north, linking Alhambravej in the south with Griffenfeldsgade in the north.

Gammel Kongevej
Gammel Kongevej (literally "Old King's Road) is the principal shopping street of Frederiksberg in Copenhagen, Denmark. Running roughly parallel to Frederiksberg Allé and Vesterbrogade, it extends from Vesterport station at the southern end of The Lakes and continues for some 1.8 km west to Frederiksberg City Hall Square where it continues as Smallegade. In the opposite end, Jernbanegade connects it to Copenhagen City Hall Square.
Ramiriquí
Ramiriquí is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of the Márquez Province. Ramiriquí borders the department capital Tunja in the north, in the south Chinavita and Zetaquirá, in the east Rondón and Ciénaga and in the west Chivatá, Tibaná and Jenesano.

Tibaná
Tibaná is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Boyacá, part of the subregion of Márquez Province. The urban centre of Tibaná is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at an altitude of 2,115 metres (6,939 ft) and a distance of 38 kilometres (24 mi) from the department capital Tunja. It borders Jenesano in the north, Ramiriquí and Chinavita in the east, Chinavita and Úmbita in the south and in the west Turmequé and Nuevo Colón.
Sven Hedin
Sven Anders Hedin, KNO1kl RVO, (19 February 1865 – 26 November 1952) was a Swedish geographer, topographer, explorer, photographer, travel writer and illustrator of his own works. During four expeditions to Central Asia, he made the Transhimalaya known in the West and located sources of the Brahmaputra, Indus and Sutlej Rivers. He also mapped lake Lop Nur, and the remains of cities, grave sites and the Great Wall of China in the deserts of the Tarim Basin. In his book Från pol till pol (From Pole to Pole), Hedin describes a journey through Asia and Europe between the late 1880s and the early 1900s. While traveling, Hedin visited Turkey, the Caucasus, Tehran, Iraq, lands of the Kyrgyz people and the Russian Far East, India, China and Japan. The posthumous publication of his Central Asia Atlas marked the conclusion of his life's work.

Ferdinand von Richthofen
Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen (5 May 1833 – 6 October 1905), better known in English as Baron von Richthofen, was a German traveller, geographer, and scientist. He is noted for coining the terms "Seidenstraße" and "Seidenstraßen" = "Silk Road(s)" or "Silk Route(s)" in 1877. He also standardized the practices of chorography and chorology.
Mikhail Glinka
Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Russian: Михаил Иванович Глинка, romanized: Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka, IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil ɨˈvanəvʲɪdʑ ˈɡlʲinkə] ⓘ; 1 June [O.S. 20 May] 1804 – 15 February [O.S. 3 February] 1857) was the first Russian composer to gain wide recognition within his own country and is often regarded as the fountainhead of Russian classical music. His compositions were an important influence on other Russian composers, notably the members of The Five, who produced a distinctive Russian style of music.

Ruslan and Lyudmila (opera)
Ruslan and Lyudmila (Russian: Руслан и Людмила, romanized: Ruslán i Lyudmíla listenⓘ) is an opera in five acts (eight tableaux) composed by Mikhail Glinka between 1837 and 1842.

The libretto was written in Russian by Valerian Shirkov, with minor contributions by Mykola Markevych, Nestor Kukolnik, and the composer based on the 1820 narrative poem of the same name by Alexander Pushkin. Pushkin had planned to write the libretto himself but died in a duel before he could do so.

Today, the best-known music from the opera is its overture.
Mirab Belessa
Mirab Belessa or West Belessa is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former province of Belessa, which lay in the same area.

Part of the Semien Gondar Zone, Mirab Belessa is bordered on the south by Debub Gondar Zone, on the west by Gondar Zuria, on the north by the Wegera, and on the east by Misraq Belessa. Towns in Mirab Belessa include Arbaya. Mirab Belessa was part of former Belessa woreda.

Misraq Belessa
Misraq Belessa (Amharic: ምስራቅ በለሳ) transliterated as "East Belessa" is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former province of Belessa, which lay in the

same area. Part of the Semien Gondar Zone, Misraq Belessa is bordered on the south by Debub Gondar Zone, on the west by Mirab Belessa, on the northwest by the Wegera, on the north by Jan Amora, and on the east by Wag Hemra Zone. Towns in Misraq Belessa include Gohala (ጓኽላ) & Hamusit (ሀሙሲት). Misraq Belessa was part of former Belessa woreda.
Auxology
Auxology (from Greek αὔξω, auxō, or αὐξάνω, auxanō 'grow'; and -λογία, -logia) is a meta-term covering the study of all aspects of human physical growth. (Although, it is also fundamental of biology.) Auxology is a multi-disciplinary science involving health sciences/medicine (pediatrics, general practice, endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, physiology, epidemiology), and to a lesser extent: nutrition science, genetics, anthropology, anthropometry, ergonomics, history, economic history, economics, socio-economics, sociology, public health, and psychology, among others.

Development of the human body
Development of the human body is the process of growth to maturity. The process begins with fertilization, where an egg released from the ovary of a female is penetrated by a sperm cell from a male. The resulting zygote develops through cell proliferation and differentiation, and the resulting embryo then implants in the uterus, where the embryo continues development through a fetal stage until birth. Further growth and development continues after birth, and includes both physical and psychological development that is influenced by genetic, hormonal, environmental and other factors. This continues throughout life: through childhood and adolescence into adulthood.
Ethan Katz
Ethan Russell Katz (born July 4, 1983) is an American former professional baseball pitcher and current assistant pitching coach for the Houston Astros of Major League Baseball (MLB). Katz served as the assistant pitching coach of the San Francisco Giants in the 2020 season and the pitching coach of the Chicago White Sox from 2021 through 2025. He attended East Los Angeles College, and then Sacramento State for college baseball.

Lucas Giolito
Lucas Frost Giolito (born July 14, 1994) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Nationals, Chicago White Sox, Los Angeles Angels, Cleveland Guardians, and Boston Red Sox.

Giolito attended Harvard-Westlake School in Studio City, California, and was selected by the Nationals in the first round in the 2012 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut with the Nationals in 2016. His fastball has been clocked as high as 100 miles per hour (160 km/h).

In 2019, as a member of the White Sox, he was named to the MLB All-Star Game. On August 25, 2020, he threw a no-hitter in a 4–0 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Lactucopicrin
Lactucopicrin (Intybin) is a bitter substance that has a sedative and analgesic effect, acting on the central nervous system. It is a sesquiterpene lactone, and is a component of lactucarium, derived from the plant Lactuca virosa (wild lettuce), as well as being found in some related plants such as Cichorium intybus. It is also found in dandelion coffee.

As well as their traditional use as sedatives and analgesics, these plants have also been used as antimalarials, and both lactucin and lactucopicrin have demonstrated antimalarial effects in vitro. Lactucopicrin has also been shown to act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Sesquiterpene lactone
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are a class of sesquiterpenoids that contain a lactone ring.  They are most often found in plants of the family Asteraceae (daisies, asters).  Other plant families with SLs are Umbelliferae (celery, parsley, carrots) and Magnoliaceae (magnolias). A collection of colorless, lipophilic solids, SLs are a rich source of drugs.  They can be allergenic and toxic in grazing livestock causing severe neurological problems in horses.  Some are also found in corals of the order Octocorallia.
Walker Body Company
The Walker Body Company, a former carriage manufacturer based in Amesbury, Massachusetts, began manufacturing metal automobile bodies in 1911.  It went bankrupt in 1930.  The manufacturing site remains as the Walker Body Company Factory.

Amesbury, Massachusetts
Amesbury is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, located on the left bank of the Merrimack River near its mouth, upstream from Salisbury and across the river from Newburyport and West Newbury. The population was 17,366 at the 2020 United States census. A former farming and mill town, Amesbury is today largely residential.  It is one of the two northernmost towns in Massachusetts (the other being neighboring Salisbury).
Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory
The Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory (short: Penn State ARL or simply ARL), is a specialized research unit dedicated to interdisciplinary scientific research at the Penn State University Park campus. The ARL is a DoD designated U.S. Navy University Affiliated Research Center. It is the university's largest research unit with over 1,000 faculty and staff. The Laboratory ranks 2nd in DoD and 10th in NASA funding to universities.

ARL maintains a long-term relationship with the Naval Sea Systems Command and the Office of Naval Research.

Warminster Township, Pennsylvania
Warminster Township, also referred to as Warminster, is located in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was formally established in 1711. The township is 13.7 miles north of Philadelphia and had a population of 33,603 according to the 2020 U.S. census.