hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gobi bear
The Gobi bear (Ursus arctos gobiensis), known in Mongolian as the Mazaalai (Мазаалай), is a subspecies of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. It is listed as critically endangered by the Mongolian Redbook of Endangered Species and by IUCN standards. Currently, there are only 31 (95% CI: 28 - 38) bears left in the Mongolian Gobi Desert; through long-term genetic monitoring it is known that the population is relatively stable, however, the sex ratio is highly skewed towards males. Gobi bears are separated by enough distance from other brown bear populations to achieve reproductive isolation. In 1959, hunting of the animal was prohibited in order to preserve the dying subspecies.

Gobi Desert
The Gobi Desert is a large, cold desert and grassland region in southern Mongolia and North China. It is the sixth-largest desert in the world.

The name of the desert comes from the Mongolian word gobi, used to refer to all of the waterless regions in the Mongolian Plateau; in Chinese, gobi is used to refer to rocky, semi-deserts such as the Gobi itself rather than sandy deserts.
Trimmed estimator
In statistics, a trimmed estimator is an estimator derived from another estimator by excluding some of the extreme values, a process called truncation. This is generally done to obtain a more robust statistic, and the extreme values are considered outliers. Trimmed estimators also often have higher efficiency for mixture distributions, and heavy-tailed distributions than the corresponding untrimmed estimator, at the cost of lower efficiency for other distributions, such as the normal distribution.

Given an estimator, the x% trimmed version is obtained by discarding the x% lowest or highest observations or on both end: it is a statistic on the middle of the data. For instance, the 5% trimmed mean is obtained by taking the mean of the 5% to 95% range. In some cases a trimmed estimator discards a fixed number of points (such as maximum and minimum) instead of a percentage.

Robust statistics
Robust statistics are statistics that maintain their properties even if the underlying distributional assumptions are incorrect. Robust statistical methods have been developed for many common problems, such as estimating location, scale, and regression parameters. One motivation is to produce statistical methods that are not unduly affected by outliers. Another motivation is to provide methods with good performance when there are small departures from a parametric distribution. For example, robust methods work well for mixtures of two normal distributions with different standard deviations; under this model, non-robust methods like a t-test work poorly.
2020–21 North Carolina Tar Heels women's basketball team
The 2020–21 North Carolina Tar Heels women's basketball team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Tar Heels, were led by second year head coach Courtney Banghart, played their games at Carmichael Arena, and are members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

The Tar Heels finished the season 13–11 and 8–9 in ACC play to finish in eight place.  In the ACC tournament, they lost to Wake Forest in the Second Round.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament where they were the ten seed in the HemisFair Regional.  In the tournament they lost to Alabama in the First Round to end their season.

2020–21 Wake Forest Demon Deacons women's basketball team
The 2020–21 Wake Forest Demon Deacons women's basketball team represented Wake Forest University during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Demon Deacons, were led by ninth year head coach Jen Hoover, are members of the Atlantic Coast Conference and played their home games at the Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum.

The Demon Deacons finished the season 12–13 and 8–10 in ACC play to finish in a tie for ninth place.  As the ninth seed in the ACC tournament, they defeated North Carolina in the Second Round before losing to Louisville in the Quarterfinals.  They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as the nine seed in the Alamo Region.  In the tournament, they lost in the First Round to eight seed Oklahoma State.
Plaza Las Américas (Puerto Rico)
Plaza Las Américas is a shopping mall in Hato Rey, San Juan, Puerto Rico, located at the intersection of Routes 18 and 22. "Plaza", as it is known to many Puerto Ricans, was the first indoor shopping mall built in Puerto Rico. It is the largest shopping mall in the Caribbean and the second largest in Latin America. Anchor stores are JCPenney, Macy's, Old Navy, Caribbean Cinemas and Marshalls. Previously, there was a Kmart store near the mall and a Sears Brand Central. The mall is home to the world's largest Romano's Macaroni Grill restaurant.

The Cheesecake Factory
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated is an American restaurant company and distributor of cheesecakes based in the United States. It operates 370 full-service restaurants: 218 under the Cheesecake Factory brand, 47 under the North Italia brand, and 105 under other brands. The Cheesecake Factory also operates two bakery production facilities—in Calabasas, California, and Rocky Mount, North Carolina.

David M. Overton, the company's founder, opened the first Cheesecake Factory restaurant in Beverly Hills, California, in 1978. The restaurant established the future chain's pattern of featuring an eclectic menu, large portions, and signature cheesecakes. In 2025, Fortune ranked the Cheesecake Factory at number 23 on their Fortune List of the Top 100 Companies to Work For in 2020 based on an employee survey of satisfaction. Additionally, The Cheesecake Factory's average unit volume consistently leads the casual restaurant industry.
Bolu
Bolu is a city in northern Turkey, and administrative center of the Bolu Province and of Bolu District, located on the highway between Istanbul and Ankara. Its population is 184,682 (2021).

The city has been governed by mayor Tanju Özcan (CHP) since local elections in 2019. It was the site of Ancient Claudiopolis and has also been called Eskihisar ("old fortress") (and as such has several Turkish namesakes).

The old highway (D-100) between Ankara and Istanbul climbs over Mount Bolu, while the new motorway (E-80) passes through Mount Bolu Tunnel, a little distance from the town. It is situated at 742 m (2,434 ft) above sea level on the southern slopes of a bare hill.

Gerede
Gerede is a town in Bolu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is located on the highway from Istanbul to Ankara (approximately 150 km (93.21 mi) from Ankara, where the road to the Black Sea coast branches off). It is the seat of Gerede District. Its population is 23,547 (2021). Elevation is about 1,300 m. The mayor is Mustafa Allar (AKP).
Mississippi Highway 69
Mississippi Highway 69 (MS 69) is a state highway in eastern Mississippi. The route starts at the Alabama state line, and travels northwestward to Columbus. MS 69 then goes through downtown Columbus, and ends at U.S. Route 45 (US 45) and US 82 in the west side of the town. Before the road was designated as MS 69 in 1941, it was a gravel road from Columbus to the state line. The road was paved in asphalt in 1953. In 1992, US 82 was realigned, and MS 69 was extended through Columbus to its current northern terminus.

Columbus, Mississippi
Columbus is a city in and the county seat of Lowndes County, on the eastern border of Mississippi, United States, located primarily east, but also north and northeast of the Tombigbee River, which is also part of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. It is approximately 146 miles (235 km) northeast of Jackson, 92 miles (148 km) north of Meridian, 63 miles (101 km) south of Tupelo, 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and 120 miles (193 km) west of Birmingham, Alabama.

As of the 2020 census, Columbus had a population of 24,084. Columbus is the principal city of the Columbus Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Columbus-West Point Combined Statistical Area. Columbus is also part of the area of Mississippi called The Golden Triangle, consisting of Columbus, West Point and Starkville, in the counties of Lowndes, Clay and Oktibbeha.  Schools include Mississippi University for Women and Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science.
Hunting Party (novel)
Hunting Party is a science fiction novel by Elizabeth Moon. It is the first novel set in her Familias Regnant fictional universe, and the first novel in the informal Heris Serrano (the main character) trilogy. It is followed by Sporting Chance and Winning Colors.

The Serrano Legacy
The Serrano Legacy, also known as Familias Regnant, is a series of military science fiction / space opera books by Elizabeth Moon. The series includes seven books total (a trilogy and two spin-off duologies), published from 1993 to 2000, and portrays a society in the distant future where the Familias Regnant serves as the governing body for an area of the galaxy. The books feature female lead protagonists—daughters and aunts, following the story of an entire family, including unique family dynamics. The books "depict women in the military who have a greater aptitude for command than the military men in their lives". The universe of the books is also ethnically diverse.
Jean Alphonse, 1st Count de Coloma
Jean Alphonse, 1st Count de Coloma (28 January 1677 – 7 January 1739), was a Flemish noble lord of Spanish descent, a member of the House of Coloma. He was a councillor on the Great Council of Mechelen and the supreme council in Vienna, and president of the Privy Council of the Habsburg Netherlands
.

Coloma family
Coloma or de Coloma or Colomba is an old important Spanish Noble House. A branch belongs to the Flemish nobility, and became the Counts of Bornhem. Other branches became the Counts of Elda, Marquesses of Espinar, Marquesses of Noguera and Marquesses of Canales de Chozas.
Echuca Wharf
Echuca Wharf is a historic timber wharf on the Murray River at Echuca in Victoria, Australia. The simultaneous construction of the wharf and the railway line between Echuca and Melbourne in 1864 saw the Port of Echuca become the second largest port in Victoria and opened access to Melbourne ports and markets for much of the Murray-Darling basin.

The wharf is still operating, servicing paddlesteamers for the tourist trade. In 2007, the wharf was added to the Australian National Heritage List.

In 2015, the Wharf underwent a total restoration, with most of the original timber structure being replaced by locally milled Red Gum pylons, planks and beams.

The site is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register and is included in a Heritage Overlay.

Echuca
Echuca (/əˈtʃuːkə/ ə-CHOO-kə) is a town on the banks of the Murray River and Campaspe River in Victoria, Australia. The border town of Moama is adjacent on the northern side of the Murray River in New South Wales. Echuca is the administrative centre and largest settlement in the Shire of Campaspe. As of the 2021 census, Echuca had a population of 15,056, and the population of the combined Echuca and Moama townships was 22,568.

Echuca lies within traditional Yorta Yorta country. The town's name is a Yorta Yorta word meaning "meeting of the waters". Echuca is close to the junction of the Goulburn, Campaspe, and Murray Rivers. Its position at the closest point of the Murray to Melbourne contributed to its development as a thriving river port city during the 19th century.
Gueïda Fofana
Gueïda Fofana (French pronunciation: [ɡejda fɔfana]; born 16 May 1991) is a former French footballer. He was a French youth international and has captained at all levels of youth. In 2010, he captained the France team that won the 2010 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship on home soil. He operated as a defensive midfielder, but could also play as a defender and was known for his physical style of play. Fofana had been compared to Arsenal legend Patrick Vieira, however he was forced to retire on 18 January 2017 due to ongoing injury problems.

2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup
The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 18th FIFA U-20 World Cup. Colombia hosted the tournament between 29 July and 20 August 2011, with matches being played in eight cities. The tournament was won by Brazil who claimed their fifth title.

At a FIFA Executive Committee meeting held in Sydney on 26 May 2008, Colombia beat the only other candidate country, Venezuela, for the right to organize the U-20 World Cup. It was suggested by the then-Vice President of Colombia Francisco Santos Calderón that it was needed to withdraw from the race with Brazil to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup so the nation could concentrate on hosting the "best possible games".

In an inspection tour of development works in March 2010, Jack Warner, then the vice president of FIFA, said that the completion of this tournament could provide Colombia with a launch pad to become a possible host for the 2026 World Cup. The official song of the tournament was "Nuestra Fiesta" by Colombian singer Jorge Celedón.
Hawthorne Derby
The Hawthorne Derby is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually since 1965 at Hawthorne Race Course in Stickney, Illinois near Chicago. Raced in October, it is open to three-year-old horses. In 2024, it was contested for a purse of $150,000 over a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles on turf.

Inaugurated as the Hawthorne Diamond Jubilee in 1965 (through 1968), it was run on dirt until 1984 when it was switched to the turf course. The John R. Gaines colt Bold Bidder won the inaugural race then the following year returned to the Hawthorne Race Course to win the 1966 Hawthorne Gold Cup.

From inception, the Hawthorne Derby has been run at various distances. Since 1989 it has been set at a mile and one eighth. In 1979 the race was run at the now closed Sportsman's Park.

The race was not run in 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, & 2020.

Hawthorne Race Course
41°49′37″N 87°44′38″W﻿ / ﻿41.827°N 87.744°W﻿ / 41.827; -87.744

Hawthorne Race Course is a racetrack for horse racing in Stickney, Illinois, near Chicago.

The oldest continually run family-owned racetrack in North America, in 2009 the Horseplayers Association of North America introduced a rating system for 65 Thoroughbred racetracks in North America. Of the top ten, Hawthorne was ranked No. 8.
Peace and Progress Party
The Peace and Progress Party was a British political party founded by Vanessa and Corin Redgrave to campaign for human rights. Combining the Redgraves, formerly leading figures in the Workers' Revolutionary Party and the Marxist Party, with others from the media and legal fields, the party campaigned for the rights of refugees and political dissidents.

Marxist Party
The Marxist Party was a tiny Trotskyist political party in the United Kingdom.  It was formed as a split from Sheila Torrance's Workers Revolutionary Party in 1987 by Gerry Healy and supporters including Vanessa and Corin Redgrave.  At first, it was also known as the Workers Revolutionary Party, but it renamed itself later in the year.  The party also maintained its own version of the International Committee of the Fourth International, although this was moribund by the late 1990s.

After the death of Healy in 1989, the party declined, and in 1990 expelled a group which became the Communist League.

The group, which called for support for the Liberal Democrats in the 2001 UK general election, published The Marxist magazine.  They also famously owned Trotsky's death mask.

In April 2004, the Marxist Party announced its dissolution.  The Redgraves then announced the formation of a new group named the Peace and Progress Party, supporting liberal principles of human rights.
Miguel Andújar
Miguel Enrique Andújar (born March 2, 1995) is a Dominican professional baseball left fielder and third baseman for the San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the New York Yankees, Pittsburgh Pirates, Oakland Athletics / Athletics, and Cincinnati Reds.

As a third baseman for the Yankees, Andújar finished second in 2018 American League Rookie of the Year voting behind Shohei Ohtani. He hit 47 doubles, breaking Joe DiMaggio's 1936 record for most by a Yankees rookie. Owing to several injuries, he never played a full season for the Yankees again and was eventually designated for assignment in 2022.

San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic
San Cristóbal is a city in the southern region of Dominican Republic. It is the municipal (municipio) capital of the San Cristóbal province. The municipality is located in a valley at the foothills of the mountains belonging to the Cordillera Central, between the Nigua and Nizao rivers. Within this municipality there is one municipal district (distrito municipal): Hato Damas.

San Cristóbal was founded in the late 16th century. The Constitution of the Dominican Republic was signed in San Cristóbal in 1844. The city is also notable for being the birthplace of Rafael Trujillo, dictator from 1930 to 1961, who was killed by anti-dictatorial Dominicans on his way to San Cristóbal in 1961 as part of a successful plot to end his 30-year authoritarian regime.
N-Desalkylflurazepam
N-Desalkylflurazepam (also known as norflurazepam) is a benzodiazepine analog and an active metabolite of several other benzodiazepine drugs including flurazepam, flutoprazepam, fludiazepam, midazolam, flutazolam, quazepam, and ethyl loflazepate.  It is long-acting, prone to accumulation, and binds unselectively to the various benzodiazepine receptor subtypes.  It has been sold as a designer drug from 2016 onward.

Quazepam
Quazepam, sold under the brand name Doral among others, is a relatively long-acting benzodiazepine derivative drug developed by the Schering Corporation in the 1970s. Quazepam is used for the treatment of insomnia, including sleep induction and sleep maintenance. Quazepam induces impairment of motor function and has relatively (and uniquely) selective hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties with considerably less overdose potential than other benzodiazepines (due to its novel receptor-subtype selectivity). Quazepam is an effective hypnotic which induces and maintains sleep without disruption of the sleep architecture.

It was patented in 1970 and came into medical use in 1985.
Dan Zetterström
Dan Zetterström (born 1 June 1954) is a  Swedish ornithologist and bird artist. He is best known as a co-author of the  Collins Bird Guide, with Killian Mullarney, Lars Svensson and Peter J. Grant.  He has designed several series of Swedish stamps.

He has contributed to the following titles:

Collins Bird Guide, with Killian Mullarney, Lars Svensson and Peter Grant

Handbook of Bird Identification, Mark Beaman and Steve Madge

Country Life Guides, Birds of Britain and Europe, Håkan Delin et al.

Handbook of the Birds of Europe The Middle East and North Africa (Birds of the Western Palearctic), S. Cramp et al.

Lars Svensson (ornithologist)
Lars Gunnar Georg Svensson (born 30 March 1941) is a Swedish ornithologist, who received an honorary degree from the Uppsala University in 2004. He specialises in the identification of passerine birds. In 2008 he published a paper on the poorly known large-billed reed-warbler (Acrocephalus orinus) which "dramatically changed ornithological perception of the Large-billed Reed Warbler".
Confession (law)
In the law of criminal evidence, a confession is a statement by a suspect in crime which is adverse to that person. Some secondary authorities, such as Black's Law Dictionary, define a confession in more narrow terms, e.g. as "a statement admitting or acknowledging all facts necessary for conviction of a crime", which would be distinct from a mere admission of certain facts that, if true, would still not, by themselves, satisfy all the elements of the offense. The equivalent in civil cases is a statement against interest.

Admission (law)
An admission in the law of evidence is a prior statement by an adverse party which can be admitted into evidence over a hearsay objection. In general, admissions are admissible in criminal and civil cases.

At common law, admissions were admissible. A statement could only be excluded by a showing of involuntariness, unfairness, or that the circumstances under which the statement was obtained was improper or illegal.
Kevin Valentine
Kevin Valentine is an American rock drummer who is best known for being a member of Donnie Iris and the Cruisers. Valentine played drums on all of the band's early albums during the 1980s.
Valentine has recorded as a member of Breathless, The Innocent, Godz, Rosie, Shadow King, The Lou Gramm Band and Neverland.
He also performed (on a session basis) on the Kiss albums Hot In The Shade, Revenge and  Psycho Circus, playing on all tracks but one on Psycho Circus. The one track he did not play was "Into the Void", performed by Peter Criss. On Revenge, he played on one song, "Take It Off" and played on "You Love Me to Hate You" and "King Of Hearts" on Hot in the Shade. He was also a touring member of Cinderella. Valentine is also a sound mixer for many prominent TV shows, such as The Good Wife, Legion, Better Call Saul,  El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie, Ozark, and The Nevers.

Donnie Iris
Donnie Iris (born Dominic Ierace, February 28, 1943) is an American rock musician known for his work with the Jaggerz and Wild Cherry during the 1970s and for his solo career beginning in the 1980s with his band, the Cruisers. He wrote the No. 2 Billboard hit, "The Rapper", with the Jaggerz in 1970 and was a member of Wild Cherry. He also achieved fame as a solo artist in the early 1980s with the No. 29 hit "Ah! Leah!" and the No. 37 hit "Love Is Like a Rock."

In addition to performing on the first three Jaggerz albums and the fourth and final Wild Cherry album, Iris with his solo band has released eleven studio albums, one EP, two live albums and two compilations. He continues to intermittently release new material and tour throughout the Youngstown, Ohio; Cleveland, Ohio and greater Pittsburgh areas.
Dhunge dhara
A dhunge dhara (Nepali: ढुङ्गे धारा Listenⓘ lit. 'stone faucet') or hiti (Newar: 𑐴𑐶𑐟𑐶‎) is a traditional stone drinking fountain found in Nepal. It is an intricately carved stone waterway through which water flows uninterrupted from underground sources. Dhunge dharas are part of a comprehensive drinking water supply system, commissioned by various rulers of Ancient and Medieval Nepal. The system is supported by numerous ponds and canals that form an elaborate network of water bodies, created as a water resource during the dry season and to help alleviate the water pressure caused by the monsoon rains. After the introduction of modern, piped water systems, starting in the late 19th century, this old system has fallen into disrepair and some parts of it are lost forever. Nevertheless, many people of Nepal still rely on the old dhunge dharas on a daily basis.

Guthi
Guthi or Gosthi is a social system of the Newar community in Nepal. With land trusts, Guthis support the socio-economic status of their communities. The land held by Guthis is used for various projects and to generate revenue. The system began around the 5th century B.C., and most Guthis are now either defunct or a vestigial representation of their former role. In 2019, the Guthi bill—which proposed nationalizing all Guthis—was withdrawn following protests by Newars in Kathmandu Valley.