hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shahanshah ibn Mahmud
Shahanshah ibn Mahmud was the Kurdish Shaddadid emir of Ani from 1164 to 1174.

With Shahanshah b. Mahmud's accession, the Shaddadids were reestablished in Ani, which had mostly been under Georgian control since 1161. This was a result of the victory of Eldiguz, a resurgent atabeg of Azerbaijan, who conquered Ani from the Georgians after several attempts and handed the city over to Shahanshah on terms of vassalage. Unable to fend off further Georgian encroachments, he lost Ani in 1174 and himself died in exile in the Ayyubid lands.

Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin. who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1199 AD. They were established in Dvin. Through their long tenure in Armenia, they often intermarried with the Bagratuni royal family of Armenia.

They began ruling in the city of Dvin, and eventually ruled other major cities, such as Barda and Ganja. A cadet line of the Shaddadids were given the cities of Ani and Tbilisi as a reward for their service to the Seljuqs, to whom they became vassals. From 1047 to 1057, the Shaddadids were engaged in several wars against the Byzantine army. The area between the rivers Kura and Aras was ruled by a Shaddadid dynasty.
Jürgen Grässlin
Jürgen Grässlin (born September 18, 1957 in Lörrach) is a German teacher, journalist and peace activist, who rejects the use of violence.
Since the 1990s he is regarded as the most prominent German opponent of the weapons industry.
Having published several books concerning the automotive industry, the arms industry as well as the German army (Bundeswehr), he is the spokesperson of the German Peace Society, (ger. Deutschen Friedensgesellschaft-Vereinigte KriegsdienstgegnerInnen) and of other associations, supporting disarmament.

German Peace Society
The German Peace Society (German: Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft (DFG)) was founded in 1892 in Berlin. In 1900 it moved its headquarters to Stuttgart. It still exists and is known as the Deutsche Friedensgesellschaft - Vereinigte KriegsdienstgegnerInnen (DFG-VK; German Peace Society - United War Resisters). It is an organisation consisting of political pacifists and war resisters. About four to six times a year, the DFG-VK is publishing its magazine Zivilcourage.

The DFG-VK is participating in a variety of pacifist and antimilitarist alliances on a national as well as international level and is the biggest member organisation of War Resisters’ International.
Ivan Zimin
Ivan Nikitich Zimin (Russian: Иван Никитич Зимин; 1818-1887) was a Russian industrialist who developed Drezna as a mill town.

His sons, Sergei and Grigory Zimin inherited his business, but his wife, Evdokia Savvateevna, remained an active participant in the management of company business.

He was buried in the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery.

Drezna
Drezna (Russian: Дрезна́) is a town in Orekhovo-Zuyevsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the river Drezna (Klyazma's tributary) 83 kilometers (52 mi) east of Moscow. Population:  11,820 (2010 Census); 11,665 (2002 Census); 13,047 (1989 Soviet census).
Oworo dialect
Oworo (Aworo) is a dialect of Yoruba spoken mainly in Oworo District of Lokoja LGA, Kogi State Nigeria. It is close to the Abinu (Bunu), Ikiri, Owe, Yagba and Ijumu dialects which are together known as Okun. The Okun dialects are mutually intelligible.

There appears to be an obvious and strict rule of change from [F] in Yoruba and other Okun dialects to [H] in Oworo. Similar changes occur with several other vowels and consonants with lesser strictness. For example, the words funfun, ìfẹ́ and òsì meaning white, love and left are rendered hunhun, ìhẹ́ and òhì in Oworo respectively.

Due to the geographical location of the Oworo people, the Oworo dialect has been influenced by Nupe, Igala, Hausa and other neighboring languages. The influence of Nupe seems to be the greatest and this may be due to the 19th century Nupe wars.

Oworo people
The Ọwọrọ ethnic nationality represents a group of people around the Niger-Benue confluence speaking a Yoruba dialect called Oworo. They are generally classified as part of Northeast Yoruba (NEY) of the Yoruba people.
Allagadda
Allagadda is a town in Nandyal district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Nandyal Revenue division. The town is located at 15°08′00″N 78°31′00″E﻿ / ﻿15.13333°N 78.51667°E﻿ / 15.13333; 78.51667.

Allagadda is the headquarters of the Mandal and the Revenue Division. It has an extent of 62.30 km2.

The town is 118 km from Kurnool and 42 km from Nandyal on National Highway 40, and 30 km from Ahobilam. The town lies on the border of the districts Kurnool and Kadapa.

Allagadda is famous for stone carving, also ahobilam temple. Ahobilam, located near Allagadda, is a significant pilgrimage site for devotees of Lord Narasimha, the lion-headed avatar of Vishnu. It's known for the nine self-manifested (Swayambhu) temples of Lord Narasimha, each representing a different form and aspect of the deity.

National Highway 40 (India)
National Highway 40 (NH 40), a combination of previous national highways 4 and 18, is a national highway in India. It starts at National Highway 44 junction at Kurnool and passes through Kadapa and Chittoor and terminates at Ranipet in Tamil Nadu.
It is called Rayalaseema Express Highway. The highway was transformed into four lanes between Kurnool and Kadapa & between Rayachoty-Ranipet.
Fish River (Namibia)
The Fish River (Visrivier in Afrikaans, Fischfluss in German) is a river in Namibia.  It is 650 km long, flowing from the Naukluft Mountains 150 km to the Hardap Dam near Mariental. From there the flow is entirely blocked, all further flow downstream coming from tributaries downstream from the dam.  The flow of the river is seasonal; in winter the river can dry up completely. The river is the site of the spectacular Fish River Canyon, Africa's largest canyon, which is 160 km long, and at points as much as 550 m deep.

The outflow of the Fish River joins the Orange River at the border with South Africa about 100 km from the Atlantic Ocean.

Fish River crossing

Mariental, Namibia
Mariental is a town in south-central Namibia. It had 18,494  inhabitants in 2023. It is the administrative capital of the Hardap Region in an area which has long been a centre for the Nama people. It lies near the Hardap Dam, the second largest reservoir in Namibia.
Master Lock
Master Lock is an American company that sells padlocks, combination locks, safes, and related security products. Now a subsidiary of Fortune Brands Innovations, Master Lock Company LLC was formed in 1921 by locksmith-inventor Harry Soref and is headquartered in Oak Creek, Wisconsin. In 1970, the company was purchased by American Brands from Soref's heirs. American Brands was later renamed to Fortune Brands, which then split on October 3, 2011, to create the Fortune Brands Home & Security company and the beverages company Beam Inc. (which was then soon purchased by Suntory).

Fortune Brands Innovations
Fortune Brands Innovations, Inc. (or "Fortune Brands") is an American manufacturer of home and security products, headquartered in Deerfield, Illinois. Its portfolio of businesses and brands includes Moen and the House of Rohl; outdoor living and security products from Therma-Tru, Larson, Fiberon, Master Lock and SentrySafe; and MasterBrand Cabinets. Fortune Brands is a Fortune 500 company and part of the S&P 400 Index. As of December 31, 2021, the company reported employing approximately 28,000 associates and posted full-year 2021 net sales of $7.7 billion.
2023 XPEL 225
The 2023 XPEL 225 was the 4th stock car race of the 2023 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and the 3rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, March 25, 2023, in Austin, Texas, at Circuit of the Americas, a 3.426 miles (5.514 km) permanent asphalt road course. The race took the scheduled 42 laps to complete. Zane Smith, driving for Front Row Motorsports, would hold off the field in the final 10 laps, and earned his 9th career NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series win, along with his second of the season. Smith would also dominate a portion of the race, leading 16 laps. To fill out the podium, Kyle Busch, driving for his own team, Kyle Busch Motorsports, and Ty Majeski, driving for ThorSport Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Zane Smith
Zane Michael Smith (born June 9, 1999) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 38 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Front Row Motorsports. He is the 2022 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series champion, a title he earned while driving for FRM.

Smith previously competed full-time in the Craftsman Truck Series for GMS Racing, finishing as the championship runner-up in both 2020 and 2021. Earlier in his career, he also finished second in the 2018 ARCA Racing Series standings while driving for MDM Motorsports. Additionally, he has made part-time appearances in the NASCAR Xfinity Series with JR Motorsports and in Stadium Super Trucks.
Dr. Herman S. Dreer House
The Dr. Herman S. Dreer House is a historic building built in 1930 and located at 4335 Cote Brilliante Avenue in The Ville neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri.

Herman Dreer and his family, resided in one of the units from 1930 to 1952; and they used the second unit as a rental. Dreer's children retained ownership of the building until 2000.

It has been listed as one of the National Register of Historic Places since February 20, 2009 for African American ethnic heritage and education. As of 2012, the rest of the city block is part of the National Register-listed Marshall School Neighborhood in The Ville Historic District.

The Ville, St. Louis
The Ville is a historic African-American neighborhood with many African-American businesses located in North St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.. This neighborhood is a forty-two-square-block bounded by St. Louis Avenue on the north, Martin Luther King Drive on the south, Sarah on the east and Taylor on the west. From 1911 to 1950, The Ville was the center of African American culture within the city of St. Louis.
Temple of Juno Caelestis (Dougga)
The Temple of Juno Caelestis is an archaeological site in Dougga, Tunisia. The ruined temple was dedicated to the Roman goddess Juno, herself an evolution of the Punic goddess Tanit. The temple was built between AD 222 and 235, and is one of the best preserved temples dedicated to Juno in Africa.

Dougga
Dougga or Thugga or TBGG (Arabic: دقة, romanized: Duqqah; Tunisian Arabic: دڨة, romanized: Duggaⓘ) was a Berber, Punic and Roman settlement near present-day Téboursouk in northern Tunisia. The current archaeological site covers 75 hectares (190 acres). UNESCO qualified Dougga as a World Heritage Site in 1997, believing that it represents "the best-preserved Roman small town in North Africa". The site, which lies in the middle of the countryside, has been protected from the encroachment of modern urbanization, in contrast, for example, to Carthage, which has been pillaged and rebuilt on numerous occasions. Dougga's size, its well-preserved monuments and its rich Numidian-Berber, Punic, ancient Roman, and Byzantine history make it exceptional. Amongst the most famous monuments at the site are a Libyco-Punic Mausoleum, the Capitol, the Roman theatre, and the temples of Saturn and of Juno Caelestis.
Port of London Authority
The Port of London Authority (PLA) is a self-funding public trust established on 31 March 1909 in accordance with the Port of London Act 1908 to govern the Port of London. Its responsibility extends over the Tideway of the River Thames and its continuation (the Kent/Essex strait). It maintains and supervises navigation, and protects the river's environment.

Harbourmaster
A harbourmaster (or harbormaster, see spelling differences) is an official responsible for enforcing the regulations of a particular harbour or port, in order to ensure the safety of navigation, the security of the harbour and the correct operation of the port facilities.
Ciudad Real Cathedral
The Holy Priory Church Cathedral Basilica of the Military Orders of Our Lady Saint Mary of the Prado, also known as the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Prado for short, is located in Ciudad Real, autonomous region of Castile-La Mancha, Spain.

Construction began in the 15th century in Gothic style, although it has elements of late Romanesque, Renaissance and Baroque styles; it has undergone many restorations with the first remodelling credited to Alfonso X (23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) since the Romanesque period. It was completed in the mid 16th century after construction of the roof vaults. The tower was built in the early 19th century.

Since 1875, it is the priory of four military orders of Spain (Calatrava, Montesa, Santiago and Alcántara). The structure is a monument indexed in the Spanish heritage register of Bien de Interés Cultural.

Ciudad Real
Ciudad Real (US: /sjuːˌdɑːd reɪˈɑːl, -ˌðɑːð/, Spanish: [θjuˈðað reˈal] ⓘ) is a municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha, capital of the province of Ciudad Real. It is the 5th most populated municipality in the region.

It was founded as Villa Real in 1255 as a royal demesne town and enclave long surrounded by territory belonging to the military order of Calatrava. Its history in the late middle ages was influenced by friction with the latter.
Catherine Stern
Catherine Brieger Stern (1894–1973) was a German psychologist and educator. Born under the name Käthe Brieger, she developed sets of mathematical manipulatives similar to Cuisenaire rods for children to use in building up their number sense and knowledge of arithmetic. Her book, Children Discover Arithmetic (1949) was used by others to work on the problems that children face when learning arithmetic.

In 1938, she emigrated to the United States. From 1940 to 1943, she was a research assistant to Max Wertheimer at the New School for Social Research.

Cuisenaire rods
Cuisenaire rods are mathematics learning aids for pupils that provide an interactive, hands-on way to explore mathematics and learn mathematical concepts, such as the four basic arithmetical operations, working with fractions and finding divisors. In the early 1950s, Caleb Gattegno popularised this set of coloured number rods created by Georges Cuisenaire (1891–1975), a Belgian primary school teacher, who called the rods réglettes.

According to Gattegno, "Georges Cuisenaire showed in the early 1950s that pupils who had been taught traditionally, and were rated 'weak', took huge strides when they shifted to using the material. They became 'very good' at traditional arithmetic when they were allowed to manipulate the rods."
Whitehead Island
Whitehead Island is an island in St. George, Knox County, Maine, United States. Whitehead Light was built on the island in 1807. The island is approximately 70 acres (28 ha) in area and is known for "bleached, rugged granite shores". It is one of the foggiest places on the Maine coast, averaging 80 days of fog a year. Whitehead Lifesaving Station, a property on the National Register of Historic Places is also located on the island.

Whitehead Lifesaving Station
The Whitehead Lifesaving Station was a maritime rescue facility on Whitehead Island, an island off the coast of St. George, Maine at the mouth of Penobscot Bay.   Established in 1874 by the United States Life-Saving Service, its original building is one of the best-preserved of the five stations built by the service on the coast of Maine and New Hampshire at that time.  The station was in active use until the 1940s, and is now privately owned.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.
Laird Township, Phelps County, Nebraska
Laird Township is one of fourteen townships in Phelps County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 561 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 542.

The Village of Loomis lies within the Township.

Phelps County, Nebraska
Phelps County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 8,968. Its county seat is Holdrege. The county was formed in 1873, and was named for William Phelps (1808–1889), a steamboat captain and early settler.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Phelps County is represented by the prefix 37 (it had the 37th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).

It is considered part of the Kearney μSA's development and expansion plans.
The Best of the Private Years
The Best of the Private Years is an album by American blues artist Taj Mahal, which was released in 2000. AllMusic's verdict on the collection was " Mahal has a rich history, and this collection is living proof that a good bluesman gets better with age".

Taj Mahal (musician)
Henry St. Claire Fredericks Jr. (born May 17, 1942), better known by his stage name Taj Mahal, is an American blues musician. He plays the guitar, piano, banjo, harmonica, and many other instruments along with singing and whistling, often incorporating elements of world music into his work. Mahal has done much to reshape the definition and scope of blues music over the course of his more than 50-year career by fusing it with nontraditional forms, including sounds from the Caribbean, Africa, India, Hawaii, and the South Pacific.
Biquefarre
Biquefarre is a 1983 French docufiction film, written and directed by Georges Rouquier, about the uncertain future facing a small farm in Aveyron. The film revisits characters first documented by Rouquier in his 1947 film Farrebique.

The film entered the competition at the 40th Venice International Film Festival, where it received the Special Jury Prize.

40th Venice International Film Festival
The 40th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 31 August to 11 September 1983.

Italian filmmaker Bernardo Bertolucci was the Jury President of the main competition. The Golden Lion winner was First Name: Carmen directed by Jean-Luc Godard.
Largest prehistoric animals
The largest prehistoric animals include both vertebrate and invertebrate species. Many of them are described below, along with their typical range of size (for the general dates of extinction, see the link to each). Many species mentioned might not actually be the largest representative of their clade due to the incompleteness of the fossil record and many of the sizes given are merely estimates since no complete specimen have been found. Their body mass, especially, is largely conjecture because soft tissue was rarely fossilized. Generally, the size of extinct species was subject to energetic and biomechanical constraints.

New Zealand swan
The New Zealand swan (Moriori: poūwa, Cygnus sumnerensis) is an extinct indigenous swan from the Chatham Islands and the South Island of New Zealand. Discovered as archaeological remains in 1889, it was originally considered a separate species from the Australian black swan (Cygnus atratus) because of its slightly larger bones, and swans not having been introduced to New Zealand until 1864. From 1998 until 2017, it was considered to be simply a New Zealand population of Cygnus atratus, until DNA recovered from fossil bones determined that it was indeed a separate species, much larger and heavier than its Australian relative.
Daniel Errico
Daniel J. Errico is an American children's book author and children's media content creator. He is the creator and executive producer of Hulu's kids TV series The Bravest Knight. He has also published several children's books, including the Journey of the Marmabill, the Journey of the Noble Gnarble, and the Bravest Knight Who Ever Lived, from which the TV show was developed.

In 2020, his show The Bravest Knight earned a GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Kids and Family Programming.

He is the founder of www.freechildrenstories.com, where many of his children's stories are available to the public.

Errico is from the Short Hills section of Millburn, New Jersey and graduated from Villanova University before moving to Princeton, New Jersey. He currently resides in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Short Hills, New Jersey
Short Hills is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) situated within Millburn, in Essex County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey, and part of the New York metropolitan area. The community is a commuter town for residents who work in Manhattan. As of the 2020 census, the CDP's population was 14,422.

In the Forbes magazine's rankings of the Most Expensive ZIP Codes in the United States, Short Hills was listed among the top 100 nationwide, coming in 66th in 2006 (with a median sale price of $1,200,000) and 67th in 2012 (median of $1,951,846). The median household income in Short Hills, according to the United States Census Bureau, exceeded $250,000 in the period from 2018-2022, while per capita income, as of the 2020 United States Census, was $153,124.

Short Hills is home to the upscale Mall at Short Hills, also known as the Short Hills Mall, located near affluent communities in neighboring Morris and Union counties along the Passaic River.
Joseph-Clair Reyne
Joseph-Clair Reyne (4 January 1824 – 14 November 1872) was a French clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Basse-Terre. Reyne was born in Manosque. He became ordained in 1848. He was appointed bishop in 1870. He died on 14 November 1872, at the age of 48.

Diocese of Basse-Terre
The Diocese of Basse-Terre and Pointe-à-Pitre (Latin: Dioecesis Imae Telluris et Petrirostrensis; French: Diocèse de Basse-Terre et Pointe-à-Pitre), more simply known as the Diocese of Basse-Terre, is a diocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in the Caribbean.

The diocese comprises the entirety of the French overseas department of Guadeloupe, one of the Leeward Lesser Antilles. It is also responsible for parishes in the small overseas departments of Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin. The diocese is a suffragan of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Fort-de-France, and both are members of the Antilles Episcopal Conference.

Its cathedral, dedicated to Our Lady of Guadalupe (the island's eponymous 'Mexican' patron saint), which has the status of a minor basilica, is hence known as the Basilique-Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Guadeloupe de Basse-Terre or the Basse-Terre Cathedral.
Sedalia, West Virginia
Sedalia is an unincorporated community in McClellan District, Doddridge County, West Virginia, United States.  The community is located along Robinson Fork, a tributary of McElroy Creek.  Its former post office is now closed.

The community most likely has the name of an early settler.

McElroy Creek
McElroy Creek is a tributary of Middle Island Creek, 22.1 miles (35.6 km) long, in northern West Virginia in the United States.  Via Middle Island Creek and the Ohio River, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 106.2 square miles (275 km2) in a rural region on the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.
Lumière (EP)
Lumière is an EP from Canadian metalcore band The Afterimage. The EP was released on August 28, 2015 in North America through Tragic Hero Records. It was produced by Jordan Valeriote at Sundown Studios in Guelph, Ontario and is the band's first release since their debut EP Formless in 2012.

The band took on a slightly different approach from their first EP including clean vocals that have a strong R&B and pop influence fused in with the band's progressive metal sound. Vocalist Kyle Anderson had the following to say of the band’s new music, “We started as a project that showcased technicality and precision at the heavier end of the musical spectrum. Now we’re primarily focused on creating the most captivating songs, with heavy passages used merely as one of a number of dynamics.”

The Afterimage
The Afterimage was a Canadian progressive metalcore band from Barrie, Ontario. The band formed in 2011 with members from local bands such as Centuries Apart and The Prologue vocalist Kyle Anderson, guitarists Alex Lappano and Mike Ticar, drummer Nick McCaslin, and bassist Dallas Bricker.