hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiamen–Shenzhen railway
The Xiamen–Shenzhen railway, also known as the Xiashen railway, (Chinese: 厦深铁路) is a dual-track, electrified, high-speed rail line connecting the major coastal cities of Xiamen in Fujian and Shenzhen in Guangdong. The line has a total length of 502.4 km (312.2 mi) and forms part of China's Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen passenger-dedicated railway. Construction of the Xiashen line began on November 23, 2007, and the line entered into operation on December 28, 2013.

The line is designed for trains running at top speeds of 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph), and reduced travel time between Xiamen and Shenzhen from 11 hours to 3 hours and 40 minutes upon its commencement of operations. The speed of the line was increased, starting on April 10, 2021, resulting in a further reduction in travel time to 2 hours and 30 minutes Currently, CR Guangzhou offers C-train services from Shenzhen North to Shenzhen Pingshan, Huizhou South and Shanwei.

Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway
The Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway is a high-speed railway currently under construction in China. The railway runs from Shantou railway station to Shanwei railway station. It serves as a faster parallel corridor to the existing mixed passenger freight Xiamen–Shenzhen railway. The line has a total length of 162 kilometers with 7 stations. It has a design speed of 350 kilometres per hour (220 mph) and the section between Shanwei and Shantou South railway station was completed on 26 December 2023. On 22 December 2025, the remaining section between Shantou South railway station and Shantou Railway Station was opened.
Harry Price
Harry Price (17 January 1881 – 29 March 1948) was a British psychic researcher and author, who gained public prominence for his investigations into psychical phenomena and exposing fraudulent spiritualist mediums.  He is best known for his well-publicised investigation of the purportedly haunted Borley Rectory in Essex, England.

C. E. M. Joad
Cyril Edwin Mitchinson Joad (12 August 1891 – 9 April 1953) was an English philosopher, author, teacher and broadcasting personality. He appeared on The Brains Trust, a BBC Radio wartime discussion programme. He popularised philosophy and became a celebrity, before his downfall in a scandal over an unpaid train fare in 1948.
Prime element
In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra, a prime element of a commutative ring is an object satisfying certain properties similar to the prime numbers in the integers and to irreducible polynomials. Care should be taken to distinguish prime elements from irreducible elements, a concept that is the same in UFDs but not the same in general.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Gerogery railway station
Gerogery railway station is a heritage-listed disused railway station on the Main Southern line, serving the town of Gerogery in the Riverina, New South Wales, Australia. It opened in 1880 and consisted of a since-demolished signal box and weatherboard station building. The station was located on a passing loop with two goods and grain sidings, which have since been removed. The station building remains in a significant state of disrepair.

Gerogery
Gerogery (/dʒərɒdʒəri/ jə-RODGE-ər-i) is a town established on Wiradjuri land in the Murray region of the Australian state of New South Wales. The town is in the Greater Hume Shire local government area and on the Main South railway line between Sydney and Melbourne, where it intersects with the Olympic Highway. Gerogery serves a rural farming community. Gerogery has a temperate climate. It lies close to the Great Yambla Range, with its striking Tabletop and Sugar Loaf ridge at the southern end.

At the 2006 census, Gerogery had a population of 979.
Mewar Residency
Mewar Residency was a political subdivision of Rajputana Agency in British India. After treaty relations between Mewar and the East India Company commenced in 1818, the British government created a political sub-division known as Mewar Agency with its headquarters in Nimuch. In 1860–61, the headquarters were moved to Udaipur and, in 1881–82, the designation was changed from 'Agency' to 'Residency.' As of 1908, the Mewar Residency consisted of the four states of Udaipur, Banswara, Dungarpur, and Partabgarh, with headquarters in Udaipur.

The Western Rajputana States Agency, which included the states of Banswara, Dungarpur and Partabgarh, was part of Mewar Residency until 1906, before it separated.

Rajputana Agency
The Rajputana Agency was a political office of the British Indian Empire dealing with a collection of native states in Rajputana (now in Rajasthan, northwestern India), under the political charge of an Agent reporting directly to the Governor-General of India and residing at Mount Abu in the Aravalli Range. The total area of the states falling within the Rajputana Agency was 127,541 square miles (330,330 km2), with eighteen states and two estates or chiefships.
Loiri Porto San Paolo
Loiri Porto San Paolo (Gallurese: Lòiri–Poltu Santu Paulu, Sardinian: Lòiri–Portu Santu Paulu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Olbia. The administrative centre is Loiri (Gallurese: Lòiri, Sardinian: Lòiri).

Loiri Porto San Paolo borders the following municipalities: Monti, Olbia, Padru, San Teodoro.

Padru
Padru (Gallurese: Patru; Sardinian: Padru) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Olbia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,107 and an area of 130.2 square kilometres (50.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Padru contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Sozza, Cuzzola, Sa Serra, Pedra Bianca, Biasì, Tirialzu, Ludurru, Sos Runcos, and Sas Enas.

Padru borders the following municipalities: Alà dei Sardi, Loiri Porto San Paolo, Olbia, San Teodoro (OT), Torpè, Lodè, Bitti.
Heather Maahs
Heather Maahs MLA is a Canadian politician who has served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (MLA) representing the electoral district of Chilliwack North since 2024. She is a member of the Conservative Party.

School District 33 Chilliwack
School District 33 Chilliwack is a school district in the Fraser Valley region of British Columbia, Canada. 
It has an enrollment of approximately 15,321 full students, and approximately 2,400 teachers and support staff. Its annual budget for the 2023/24 school year is $248,394,300 CAD.

The District operates under authority of the School Act of British Columbia. It is governed by Board of Education consisting of seven trustees elected to four-year terms and is funded principally by the Province of British Columbia through the Ministry of Education.
Sykkylven Bridge
The Sykkylven Bridge (Norwegian: Sykkylvsbrua) is a concrete bridge that crosses the Sykkylvsfjorden in Sykkylven Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It connects the municipal center of Aure with the village of Ikornnes on the other side of the fjord.

The Sykkylven Bridge was opened on 14 October 2000. The bridge is 860 metres (2,820 ft) long, the longest span is 60 metres (200 ft), and the maximum clearance to the sea is 16 metres (52 ft). The bridge has 15 spans. It cost 140,000,000 kr, and was paid for by the Ekornes corporation.

Initially, it was a toll bridge from 2000 until 2018 to help pay off the cost of the bridge. Since 1 January 2018 it has been free of tolls.

Ikornnes
Ikornnes is a village in Sykkylven Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located along the Sykkylvsfjorden, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the village of Tusvika, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of Straumgjerde, and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the municipal center of Aure via the Sykkylven Bridge.

The 0.98-square-kilometre (240-acre) village has a population (2024) of 840 and a population density of 857 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,220/sq mi).

The village is home to the largest furniture manufacturer in Norway, Ekornes. Ikornnes Church is located in this village.
2019 Pasay local elections
Local elections were held in Pasay on May 13, 2019 within the Philippine general election. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the councilors, six of them in the two districts of the city.

Emi Rubiano
Imelda Gallardo Calixto-Rubiano (born August 16, 1960), known as Emi Rubiano, is a Filipino businesswoman and politician currently serving as mayor of Pasay since 2019. She previously served as a member of the House of Representatives for the lone district of Pasay from 2010 until 2019, and city councilor from 1998 until 2004, and again from 2007 until 2010.

Rubiano is the daughter of former OIC-Mayor of Pasay, Eduardo Calixto, sister of former mayor and incumbent congressman Antonino Calixto, and aunt of Vice Mayor Mark Anthony Calixto.
AIDAprima
AIDAprima is the  flagship of AIDA Cruises, built by Mitsubishi Shipbuilding at their shipyard in Nagasaki, Japan. The cruise ship entered service on April 25, 2016, after suffering several construction delays. She is the first AIDA vessel not to be built in Meyer Werft since the completion of AIDAaura in 2003. She is also the first Carnival Corporation & plc vessel to be built in Mitsubishi since the completion of the Sapphire Princess in 2004.

Sapphire Princess
Sapphire Princess is a cruise ship owned by Princess Cruises that entered service in 2004 as the sister ship of Diamond Princess. At the time she was one of the world's largest cruise ships, with a capacity of 2,670 passengers and is the second Gem-class ship built by Princess Cruises. Sapphire Princess was christened on 10 June 2004, in Seattle—the first cruise ship ever to be christened in that port.
Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book
The Children's Book of the Year Award: Picture Book has been presented occasionally since 1955 by the Children's Book Council of Australia (CBCA).

The Award "will be made to outstanding books of the Picture Book genre in which the author and illustrator achieve artistic and literary unity, or, in wordless picture books, where the story, theme or concept is unified through illustrations."

Children's Book Council of Australia
The Children's Book Council of Australia (CBCA) is a not for profit organisation which aims to engage the community with literature for young Australians. The CBCA presents the annual Children's Book of the Year Awards to books of literary merit, recognising their contribution to Australian children's literature.
Kamikawa (Teshio) District, Hokkaido
Kamikawa (上川郡 (天塩国), Kamikawa-gun (Teshio no kuni)) is a district located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. Confusingly, there is a district of the same name, Kamikawa (Ishikari) District, in the same subprefecture.  In 1869, when Hokkaido was divided into 11 provinces and 86 districts, this Kamikawa District was placed under Teshio Province.  The name is derived from its location at the headwaters of the Teshio River, whereas the other Kamikawa District is named after the headwaters of the Ishikari River.  There is a third district with this name in Hokkaido, see Kamikawa (Tokachi) District.

As of 2004, the district has an estimated population of 19,531 and a density of 11.21 persons per km2. The total area is 1,742.85 km2.

Teshio Province
Teshio Province (天塩国, Teshio no kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [teꜜ.ɕi.o (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a short-lived province located in Hokkaido, Japan, corresponding to all of modern-day Rumoi Subprefecture and the northern half of Kamikawa Subprefecture.
Joanstown
Joanstown is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland, 16 kilometres (10 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Joanstown is one of 26 townlands of the civil parish of Rathaspick in the barony of Moygoish in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 1,467.20 acres (5.9375 km2). The neighbouring townlands are: Corrydonnellan to the north, Cappagh to the north–east, Ballinalack to the east, Cullenhugh to the south–east, Baronstown Demesne and Corry to the south, Kilmacahill or Caraun and Rathowen (Edward) to the west and Rathowen and Russagh to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland, there were 16 houses and 58 inhabitants in the townland.

Cappagh, County Westmeath
Cappagh (Irish: An Cheapach) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 15.82 kilometres (10 mi) north–north–west of Mullingar.

Cappagh is one of 9 townlands of the civil parish of Russagh in the barony of Moygoish in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 1,149.09 acres (4.6502 km2). Cappagh contained a small lake Lough Garr and Crane Island. The area is now drained.

The neighbouring townlands are: Culvin to the north, Garriskil to the north–east, Ballyharney to the east, Grange to the south–east, Carrick and Ballinalack to the south, Joanstown to the south–west and
Corrydonnellan and Barratogher to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 11 houses and 60 inhabitants in the townland.
Glashütte
Glashütte (German pronunciation: [ˈɡlaːsˌhʏtə] ⓘ) is a town in Saxony, Germany, known as the birthplace of the German watchmaking industry and has a population of about 7,000. Historically, it was first mentioned in a document circa 1445. In January 2008, the former municipality Reinhardtsgrimma was merged into Glashütte.

Watches currently made in this location include:

A. Lange & Söhne

Bruno Söhnle Uhrenatelier Glashütte

C. H. Wolf

Glashütte Original

Mühle Glashütte

NOMOS Glashütte

Wempe Chronometerwerke

Tutima

Union Glashütte

Moritz Grossmann

Mühle Glashütte
Mühle-Glashütte GmbH nautische Instrumente und Feinmechanik  (“nautical instruments and precision engineering”) is a German maker of nautical instruments, marine timepieces and wristwatches based in Glashütte, Saxony. The family business was founded in 1869. The brand was re-started in 1994 after Iron curtain came down.
Negro Lake (Herkimer County, New York)
Negro Lake is a lake located southwest of Partlow, New York. The outlet of the lake flows through an unnamed creek into Witchhopple Lake. Fish species present in Negro Lake are brook trout, white sucker, sunfish, yellow perch, and lake trout. Access by hiking Bushwhack Trail, located on northwest shore of Witchhopple Lake. No motors are allowed on Negro Lake.

Witchhopple Lake
Witchhopple Lake is located near Keepawa, New York. The outlet flows into Salmon Lake and then from there into Stillwater Reservoir. Fish species present in Witchhopple Lake are brook trout, white sucker, sunfish, yellow perch, and splake. Access by trail from the north shore of Stillwater Reservoir. No motors are allowed on Witchhopple Lake. There is a trail that goes from Witchhopple Lake to Negro Lake called Bushwhack Trail.
Archdiocese of Agrigento
The Archdiocese of Agrigento (Latin: Archidioecesis Agrigentina) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Sicily, Italy. The historic diocese of Agrigento, was sometimes known colloquially as the Diocese of Girgenti, and Diocese of Agrigentum. From 1183, it was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Monreale.  A metropolitan see since 2000, the Archdiocese of Agrigento has two suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province.

Rodolfo Pio da Carpi
Rodolfo Pio di Savoia (22 February 1500 – 2 May 1564), often referred to as Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, was an Italian cardinal, humanist and patron of the arts. The nephew of a diplomat, he himself became a diplomat by the age of thirty, and came to know both Emperor Charles V and King Francis of France, and he negotiated with both on behalf of the pope. His uncle, Alberto III Pio, was Pico della Mirandola's maternal nephew, had been educated by Aldus Manutius and had become a noted humanist scholar. These associations formed Rodolfo's background and education. He formed a notable library and participated in the humanist studies of 16th-century Rome; he also served on the Roman Inquisition. He helped to establish the Inquisition at Milan.
Nuh ibn Asad
Nuh ibn Asad (نوح بن اسد; d. 841/842) was a Samanid ruler of Samarkand (819-841/2). He was a son of Asad.

In 819, Nuh was granted authority over the city of Samarkand by Caliph Al-Ma'mun's governor of Khurasan, Ghassan ibn 'Abbad, as a reward for his support against the rebel Rafi' ibn Laith. In 839/840, Nuh captured Isfijab and constructed a wall around it to protect the city from the nomadic pagan Turks living near the borders of the Samanid state. Nuh continued to rule over the city until his death in 841 or 842. Abdallah, the governor of Khurasan, then appointed two of Nuh's brothers, Yahya and Ahmad, to jointly rule over Samarkand.

Asad ibn Saman
Asad ibn Saman (Persian: اسد بن سامان) was an early Samanid. He was the son of Saman Khuda, the founder of the Samanid dynasty of Persia.

According to tradition, Asad was named by his father in honor of the Caliphal governor of Khurasan Asad ibn 'Abd Allah al-Qasri (723-727), who had converted Saman to Islam. Asad had four sons: Nuh, Ahmad, Yahya, and Ilyas. Caliph al-Mamun appointed Asad's sons to be rulers of Samarqand, Ferghana, Shash and Ustrushana, and Hirat, and thus the dynasty of rulers was started. The famous Samanid ruler Ismail I (Ismail Samani) (892-907) was Asad's grandson and the son of Ahmad.
Skyway Manor Airport
Skyway Manor Airport (FAA LID: T79) is a public-use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) west of the central business district of Pearland and in Brazoria County, Texas, United States. The airport is privately owned by Skyway Manor.

Pearland, Texas
Pearland (/ˈpɛərlænd/ PEAR-land) is a city in Brazoria County, with portions extending into Fort Bend and Harris Counties, in Texas, United States. The city of Pearland is a principal city within the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 census, Pearland had a population of 125,828, up from a population of 91,252 at the 2010 census. Pearland's population growth rate from 2000 to 2010 was 142%, which ranked Pearland as the 15th-fastest-growing city in the U.S. during that time, compared to other cities with a population of 10,000 or greater in 2000. Pearland is the third-largest city in the Greater Houston area after Houston and Pasadena, Texas.
Image file format
An image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so using lossy compression or lossless compression. For graphic design applications, vector formats are often used. Some image file formats support transparency.

Raster formats are for 2D images. A 3D image can be represented within a 2D format, as in a stereogram or autostereogram, but this 3D image will not be a true light field, and thereby may cause the vergence–accommodation conflict.

Image files are composed of digital data in one of these formats so that the data can be displayed on a digital (computer) display or printed out using a printer. A common method for displaying digital image information has historically been rasterization.

BMP file format
The BMP file format, or bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.

The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles. The Windows Metafile (WMF) specification covers the BMP file format.
International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) is an initiative that brings together regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical industry to discuss scientific and technical aspects of pharmaceutical product development and registration. The mission of the ICH is to promote public health by achieving greater harmonisation through the development of technical guidelines and requirements for pharmaceutical product registration.

Harmonisation leads to a more rational use of human, animal and other resources, the elimination of unnecessary delay in the global development, and availability of new medicines while maintaining safeguards on quality, safety, efficacy, and regulatory obligations to protect public health. Junod notes in her 2005 treatise on clinical drug trials that "[a]bove all, the ICH has succeeded in aligning clinical trial requirements."

Drug development
Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug. The entire process—from concept through preclinical testing in the laboratory to clinical trial development, including Phase I–III trials—to approved vaccine or drug typically takes more than a decade.
Garibaldi Lake
Garibaldi Lake is a turquoise-coloured alpine lake in British Columbia, Canada, located 37 km (23 mi) north of Squamish and 19 km (12 mi) south of Whistler. The lake lies within Garibaldi Provincial Park, which features mountains, glaciers, trails, forests, flowers, meadows, waterfalls. The park is a wildlife protected area.

Bill Mathews
William Henry Mathews (1919–2003) was a Canadian geologist, volcanologist, engineer, and professor. He is considered a pioneer in the study of subglacial eruptions and volcano-ice interactions in North America. Many of his publications continue to be regarded as classics in their field.
Mabrya geniculata
Mabrya geniculata is a mat-forming herbaceous perennial native to the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua. It has pale yellow tubular flowers. It was first described in 1894 by Benjamin L. Robinson and Merritt L. Fernald in the genus Maurandya and transferred to Mabrya by Wayne J. Elisens in 1985.

Elisens divided M. geniculata into three subspecies, M. g. geniculata, M. g. flaviflora and M. g. lanata. M. g. flaviflora was separated off as a full species, Mabrya flaviflora, by David A. Sutton in 1988. M. g. lanata differs from the nominate subspecies in having its stems and leaves densely covered in wool-like hairs. It occurs only in the state of Sonora.

Mabrya
Mabrya is a genus of flowering plants in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. It consists of herbaceous perennials with brittle upright or drooping stems, found in dry areas of Mexico and the southern United States.