hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clemens Baeumker
Clemens Baeumker (16 September 1853 – 7 October 1924) was a German historian of philosophy.

Baeumker was born in Paderborn to a gymnasium teacher. He studied philosophy, theology, and philology in Paderborn and later at the University of Münster, from which he obtained a doctorate in 1877. From 1879 he was a teacher at a secondary school (Gymnasium) in Münster.

Through the efforts of Georg von Hertling he was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Breslau in 1883, where he remained until 1900. In that year he moved to the University of Bonn, and in 1903 to the University of Strasbourg, where he filled the chair vacated by Wilhelm Windelband. In 1912 he moved to the University of Munich, filling the chair vacated by his friend von Hertling. He died in Munich in 1924.

Baeumker was known in particular for his studies in the history of medieval philosophy.

Paderborn
Paderborn (German pronunciation: [paːdɐˈbɔʁn] ⓘ; Westphalian: Patterbuorn, also Paterboärn) is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader and Born, an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.
SimCity: BuildIt
SimCity: BuildIt is a  mobile city-building game developed by EA Tracktwenty and published by Electronic Arts. It was launched in late 2014. The game is part of the SimCity franchise, and is available to download from the Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and the Apple App Store.

This game allows players to solve real-life situations like fire, sewage, pollution, and traffic and helps deal with public problems. Players can connect and compete with other players for more connected gameplay.

City-building game
A city-building game, citybuilder or town-building game, is a genre of simulation video game where players act as the overall planner and leader of a city or town, looking down on it from above, and being responsible for its growth and management strategy. Players choose building placement and city management features such as salaries and work priorities, and the city develops accordingly.

City-building games such as SimCity, Cities XXL or Cities: Skylines are considered a type of construction and management simulation.
HMS Vanguard (1787)
HMS Vanguard was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 6 March 1787 at Deptford. She was the sixth vessel to bear the name.

In December 1797, Captain Edward Berry was appointed flag captain, flying Rear Admiral Sir Horatio Nelson's flag.

Edward Berry
Rear-Admiral of the Red Sir Edward Berry, 1st Baronet, KCB (17 April 1768 – 13 February 1831) was a Royal Navy officer who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He is best known for his role as flag captain of Horatio Nelson at the Battle of the Nile in 1798. Berry enjoyed a long and prestigious naval career and commanded HMS Agamemnon at the Battle of Trafalgar.
Elizabeth Osborne
Elizabeth Osborne (born 1936) is an American painter and teacher, who lives in Philadelphia. Working primarily in oil paint and watercolor, her paintings are known to bridge ideas about formalist concerns, particularly luminosity with her explorations of nature, atmosphere and vistas. Beginning with figurative paintings in the 1960s and '70s, she moved on to bold, color drenched, landscapes and eventually abstractions that explore color spectrums. Her experimental assemblage paintings that incorporated objects began an inquiry into psychological content that she continued in a series of self-portraits and a long-running series of solitary female nudes and portraits. Osborne's later abstract paintings present a culmination of ideas—distilling her study of luminosity, the landscape, and light.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Müllheim-Wigoltingen railway station
Müllheim-Wigoltingen railway station is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It lies on the border between the municipality of Wigoltingen and the municipality of Müllheim. The station is located on the Winterthur–Romanshorn railway line, within fare zone 923 of the Ostwind tariff network (Tarifverbund Ostwind).

The railway station is linked with the Conny-Land animal theme park in Lipperswil via a bus line (832).

S24 (ZVV)
The S24 is a regional railway line of the Zurich S-Bahn of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), Zurich transportation network. The line was significantly extended in June 2014, and again in December 2015, and has  
subsumed the former S21 line, initially numbered S1, which previously provided service in parts of its extended route.

At Zürich HB, trains of the S24 service usually depart from ground-level tracks (Gleis) 3 or 4. As of 2025, it is one of the only S-Bahn service that reverses direction of travel in one of the surface-level terminal tracks instead of passing through one of the station's underground platforms.
Qafë Thanë
Qafë Thanë (Macedonian: Ќафасан) is a mountain pass on the shores of Lake Ohrid in Albania. It is located in the southeastern Albanian mountains, close to the border between Albania and North Macedonia. The border crossing point between the two countries is also named Qafë Thanë, and is a "primary gateway" between the two countries.

Border crossings of Albania
Border crossings (Albanian: Vendkalimet kufitare) in the Republic of Albania are defined as boundary checkpoints that serve to control  the flow of people and goods from neighbouring countries to and from Albania. These checkpoints are administered by the border police authorities that record the entry and exit of each person and vehicle followed by the customs authorities that record the entry and exit of goods and cash. Albania currently has 22 operational land border crossings and shares borders with Montenegro, Kosovo (116.3 km), North Macedonia (186.1 km), and Greece. 
This article outlines a complete list of Albania's international border crossings, including land, sea and air entry points.
Phenom II
Phenom II is a family of AMD's multi-core 45 nm processors using the AMD K10 microarchitecture, succeeding the original Phenom. Advanced Micro Devices released the Socket AM2+ version of Phenom II in December 2008, while Socket AM3 versions with DDR3 support, along with an initial batch of triple- and quad-core processors were released on February 9, 2009. Dual-processor systems require Socket F+ for the Quad FX platform. The next-generation Phenom II X6 was released on April 27, 2010.

The Phenom II X4 operates as the processor component of AMD's Dragon Platform, which also includes the 790 series chipset and Radeon HD 4800 series graphics. The Thuban Phenom II X6 is the CPU in the Leo Platform which also includes the AMD 890 chipset and the Radeon HD 5800 series graphics.

AMD Dragon
AMD Dragon is a platform engineered for gamers, designed for use with the AMD Phenom II X4 processor family. The goal for the platform is to offer the user a powerful gaming system.

Having a level 3 cache memory of 6 megabytes and support for the latest DDR3 memories, AMD claims the Dragon platform will allow for up to 20 percent faster performance than previous platforms.

The first versions are available for mainboards offering an AM2+ socket, supporting DDR2 memories, but the AM3 socket using DDR3 memory will be the primary socket type for the Dragon platform.

A system conforming to the platform specification was said to be a combination of a Phenom II X4 processor and a mainboard using a chipset from the AMD 700 chipset series, along with a graphics card of the ATI Radeon HD 4800 series. Pre-built systems using the platform were offered by Dell, HP and Alienware among others.
Vijayawada North mandal
Vijayawada North mandal is one of the 20 mandals in the NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the four mandals that formed from the Vijayawada Urban mandal after bifurcation in 2018 under the reorganization of revenue mandals. It is under the administration of Vijayawada revenue division, and the headquarters are located at Ajit Singh Nagar.

Vijayawada revenue division
Vijayawada revenue division (or Vijayawada division) is an administrative division in the NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district with 8 mandals under its administration. Vijayawada serves as the headquarters of the division. The division has 1 municipality and 1 municipal corporation.
Ernst Toch
Ernst Toch (German: [ˈtɔχ]; 7 December 1887 – 1 October 1964) was an Austrian composer of European classical music and film scores, who from 1933 worked as an émigré in Paris, London and New York. He sought throughout his life to introduce new approaches to music.

Peter Ibbetson
Peter Ibbetson is a 1935 American black-and-white drama/fantasy film directed by Henry Hathaway and starring Gary Cooper and Ann Harding. The film is loosely based on the 1891 novel of the same name by George du Maurier. A tale of a love that transcends all obstacles, it relates the story of two youngsters who are separated in childhood and then drawn together by destiny years later. Even though they are separated in real life because Peter is unjustly convicted of murder (it was actually self-defense), they discover they can dream themselves into each other's consciousness while asleep. In this way, they live out their lives together. The transitions between reality and fantasy are captured by the cinematography of Charles Lang, as discussed in the documentary Visions of Light (1992).
Ali Tamposi
Alexandra Leah Tamposi (born November 17, 1989) is an American songwriter from West Palm Beach, Florida. She is best known for co-writing Kelly Clarkson's song "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)," 5 Seconds of Summer's song "Youngblood", DJ Snake's "Let Me Love You" featuring Justin Bieber, Camila Cabello’s "Havana" featuring Young Thug, and Cabello's "Señorita" with Shawn Mendes.

Tamposi appeared on the final season of The X Factor as vocal coach and mentor to Simon Cowell's team, working alongside groups Restless Road, Sweet Suspense, and winners Alex & Sierra. She worked closely with Alex & Sierra on their debut album, writing four songs with the duo. In 2019, she won BMI Pop Songwriter of The Year.

She was featured on the Cedric Gervais single "Love Again".

She is the granddaughter of real estate developer Samuel A. Tamposi, himself born to Aromanian emigrants from Avdhella, Grevena, Greece.

Love Again (Cedric Gervais song)
Love Again is a song by French producer and recording artist Cedric Gervais. It was written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Ali Tamposi and was co-produced by Gervais, Jared Shelton, Tommy Dingwall and Alexa Dedlow. The song first received a radio airplay premiere on Sirius XM's BPM on 9 October 2014. The song was released on 13 October 2014 to digital retailers in Canada and on 14 October 2014 in the United States via Interscope Records. A video supporting the song was also released on 14 October 2014.

This song followed Gervais' success with Lana Del Rey's Summertime Sadness remix. It was his first song under his contract with Interscope. The music video supporting the song, premiered on vevo on 24 November 2014.

Ali Tamposi suggested during interviews that the song describes a toxic love relationship, and that possibly a heartbreak can pull a relationship back together.
Robert Louis Kahn
Robert Louis Kahn (March 28, 1918 – January 6, 2019) was an American psychologist and social scientist, specializing in organizational theory and survey research, having been considered a "founding father" of the modern approach to these disciplines. He has also been involved in developing studies on aging and his work is critically acclaimed by experts.

John Rowe (Aetna)
John Wallis Rowe is an American businessman and academic physician, who served as chairman and CEO of Aetna Inc., a large health insurance company based in Connecticut, titles he retired from in February 2006.

During his Aetna tenure, Businessweek named Rowe as a “Manager of the Year.” After leaving the company, he became an active philanthropist, supporting aging research and other causes.
Alan Rollinson
Alan William Rollinson (15 May 1943 – 2 June 2019) was a British racing driver from England. He entered one Formula One World Championship Grand Prix, the 1965 British Grand Prix, with a Cooper T71/73 run by Gerard Racing, but he failed to qualify. He competed more successfully in various other formulas, including Formula 5000.

Rollinson died of cancer in 2019.

1965 British Grand Prix
The 1965 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Silverstone on 10 July 1965. It was race 5 of 10 in both the 1965 World Championship of Drivers and the 1965 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 80-lap race was won by Lotus driver Jim Clark after he started from pole position. Graham Hill finished second for the BRM team and Ferrari driver John Surtees came in third.
Naked and True
Naked and True is a studio album by Randy Crawford released in 1995 by Bluemoon/Atlantic Records. The album peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart and No. 3 on the Billboard Top Contemporary Jazz Albums chart.

Randy Crawford
Veronica "Randy" Crawford (born February 18, 1952) is an American retired jazz and R&B singer. She has been more successful in Europe than in the United States, where she has not entered the Billboard Hot 100 as a solo artist. However, she has appeared on the Hot 100 singles chart twice. The first time was in 1979 as a guest vocalist on the Crusaders' top-40 hit "Street Life". She also dueted with Rick Springfield on the song "Taxi Dancing", which hit number 59 as the B-side of Springfield's hit "Bop Til You Drop". She has had five top-20 hits in the UK, including her 1980 number-two hit, "One Day I'll Fly Away", as well as six UK top-10 albums. Despite her American nationality, she won Best British Female Solo Artist in recognition of her popularity in the UK at the 1982 Brit Awards. In the late 2000s, she received her first two Grammy Award nominations.
Nicholas Paget-Brown
Nicholas Paget-Brown is an English Conservative Party politician who was leader of the Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council. He was first elected as a councillor in 1986. He became Leader of the Council on 23 May 2013. On 30 June 2017, he announced that he would step down as leader following government criticism of the Council's response to the Grenfell Tower fire, and was replaced as leader on 19 July 2017.

Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council
Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council, also known as Kensington and Chelsea Council, is the local authority for the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in Greater London, England. The council has been under Conservative majority control since its creation in 1965. It is based at Kensington Town Hall.
Saint Meinrad, Indiana
Saint Meinrad is a census-designated place (CDP) in Harrison Township, Spencer County, Indiana, United States.  Located along the Anderson River, it is home to the St. Meinrad Archabbey. Interstate 64 runs near the CDP, and it is situated about 55 miles east of Evansville. Because of the archabbey, St. Meinrad, along with Harrison Township, is assigned to  the Archdiocese of Indianapolis. The rest of Spencer County is within the borders of the much closer Diocese of Evansville.

Anderson River (Indiana)
The Anderson River is a 50.4-mile-long (81.1 km) tributary of the Ohio River in southern Indiana in the United States.  Via the Ohio, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.

The Anderson rises in western Crawford County in the Hoosier National Forest and flows generally southwardly through southeastern Dubois County and along the common boundary of Perry and Spencer counties, east of the town of Saint Meinrad.  It joins the Ohio River just downstream of the town of Troy.

Near its mouth it collects the Middle Fork Anderson River, which flows for its entire length in Perry County.
Tsuwano Station
Tsuwano Station (津和野駅, Tsuwano-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of  Tsuwano, Kanoashi District, Shimane Prefecture,  Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

Tsuwano, Shimane
Tsuwano (津和野町, Tsuwano-chō) is a town located in Kanoashi District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2023, the town had an estimated population of 6,657 in 3352 households and a population density of 22 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 307.03 square kilometres (118.54 sq mi). Popularly called the "Little Kyoto of San'in," Tsuwano is known for its picturesque main street, "Tono-machi," which is an Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Building lined with Edo period buildings and Koi ponds.  Its annual Yabusame festival on the second Sunday of April is a large tourist draw for the San'in region.
Hakodate Transportation Bureau
The Hakodate City Tram Department (函館市企業局交通部, Hakodate-shi Kigyōkyoku Kōtsūbu; lit. "Hakodate City Enterprises Bureau Transportation Division") is a public transport authority in Hakodate, Japan. The bureau currently operates only trams, although until 1 April 2003 it also ran a number of bus routes.

The Kikan Horsecar Railway (亀函馬車鉄道, Kikan Basha Tetsudō), a private horsecar operating company, opened Hakodate's first tram line in 1897. It was the first tram in Japan to be located north of Tokyo. The network was electrified in 1913. Following several changes of ownership, the Hakodate City Government finally took over control of the lines in 1943.

Hakodate
Hakodate (函館市, Hakodate-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ha.ko.da.te, ha.ko.da.teꜜ.ɕi]) is a city and port located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture. As of January 31, 2024, the city had an estimated population of 239,813 with 138,807 households, and a population density of 354 inhabitants per square kilometre (920/sq mi). The total area is 677.86 square kilometres (261.72 sq mi). The city is the third largest in Hokkaido after Sapporo and Asahikawa.
Hierapolis sawmill
The Hierapolis sawmill was a water-powered stone sawmill in the Ancient Greek city of Hierapolis in Roman Asia (modern-day Turkey). Dating to the second half of the 3rd century AD, the sawmill is considered the earliest known machine to combine a crank with a connecting rod to form a crank-slider mechanism.

The watermill is evidenced by a raised relief on the sarcophagus of a certain Marcus Aurelius Ammianos, a local miller. On the pediment a waterwheel fed by a mill race is shown powering via a gear train two frame saws cutting rectangular blocks by the way of connecting rods and, through mechanical necessity, cranks (see diagram). The accompanying inscription is in Greek and attributes the mechanism to Ammianos' "skills with wheels".

Connecting rod
A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotation of the crankshaft. The connecting rod is required to transmit the compressive and tensile forces from the piston. In its most common form, in an internal combustion engine, it  allows pivoting on the piston end and rotation on the shaft end.

The predecessor to the connecting rod is a mechanic linkage used by water mills to convert rotating motion of the water wheel into reciprocating motion.

The most common usage of connecting rods is in internal combustion engines or on steam engines.
Philip Cochran
Philip Gerald Cochran (born in Erie, Pennsylvania; January 29, 1910 - August 26, 1979) was an officer in the United States Army Air Corps and the United States Army Air Forces.  Cochran developed many tactical air combat, air transport, and air assault techniques during the war, particularly in Burma during operations as co-commander (with Col John R. Alison) of the 1st Air Commando Group. Cochran was the inspiration behind characters in the Terry and the Pirates and Steve Canyon by Milton Caniff.

1st Special Operations Wing
The 1st Special Operations Wing (1 SOW) at Hurlburt Field, Florida is one of three United States Air Force active duty Special Operations wings and falls under the Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC).

The 1st Special Operations Wing is a successor organization of the 16th Pursuit Group, one of the 15 original combat air groups formed by the Army before World War II.
Armenian Prelacy of Aleppo
Armenian Prelacy of Aleppo (Armenian: Հալեպի թեմ Halepi Tem), is one of the oldest dioceses of the Armenian Apostolic Church outside the historic Armenian territories, covering the Syrian city of Aleppo and the governorates of Deir ez-Zor, Idlib, Latakia and Raqqa. It is known as Beroea, being named after one of the ancient names of Aleppo; when the city was renamed Beroea (Βέροια) in 301 BC by Seleucus Nicator until the Arab conquest of Syria and Aleppo in 637 AD. The seat of the bishop is the Forty Martyrs Cathedral of Aleppo. It is under the jurisdiction of the Holy See of Cilicia of the Armenian Church.

Holy See of Cilicia
The Armenian Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia (Armenian: Կաթողիկոսութիւն Հայոց Մեծի Տանն Կիլիկիոյ) is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church. Since 1930, the Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia has been headquartered in Antelias, Lebanon. Aram I is the Catholicos of Cilicia since 1995.
Liu Chenxiang
Liu Chenxiang (Chinese: 刘沉香) is a folk hero and demigod in the Chinese folktale The Magic Lotus Lantern. On the Western Peak of Mount Hua stands the legendary Axe-splitting Rock, a giant stone approximately one hundred feet tall, marked by three distinct cut sections. According to legend, Liu Chenxiang cleaved this rock in his heroic effort to split the mountain and rescue his mother, who was imprisoned within.

Mount Hua
Mount Hua (simplified Chinese: 华山; traditional Chinese: 華山; pinyin: Huà Shān) is a mountain located near the city of Huayin in Shaanxi Province, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Xi'an. It is the "Western Mountain" of the Five Great Mountains of China and has a long history of religious significance. Originally classified as having three peaks, in modern times it is classified as having five main peaks, the highest of which is the South Peak at 2,154.9 metres (7,070 ft).
Russell Kane
Russell Kane (born Russell David Anthony Grineau; 19 August 1975) is an English writer, comedian, and actor. He has four times been nominated at the Edinburgh Comedy Awards, winning the Best Comedy Show award in 2010. Although known mainly for stand-up comedy, for television, he has presented Big Brother's Big Mouth (2007), I'm a Celebrity Get Me Out of Here - Now (2009-2011), Freak Like Me (2010), Geordie Shore: The Reunion and Britain Unzipped (2012), Live at the Electric (2013), Stupid Man, Smart Phone (2016), 
and hosted the BBC Radio 4 series Evil Genius in 2018 as well as a television show by the same name on Sky History in 2023.

So You Think You're Funny
So You Think You're Funny? (SYTYF?) is an annual stand-up comedy competition for new acts. The competition began in 1988 in the United Kingdom.

The finals are held every August at The Gilded Balloon during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. Past winners include Aisling Bea, Dylan Moran, Lee Mack, Peter Kay and David O'Doherty.