hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1950 Davis Cup America Zone
The America Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1950 Davis Cup.

4 teams entered the America Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the Europe Zone. Australia defeated Mexico in the final, and went on to face Sweden in the Inter-Zonal Final.

1950 Davis Cup Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1950 Davis Cup.

22 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone. Sweden defeated Denmark in the final, and went on to face Australia in the Inter-Zonal Final.
Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck
Florian Maria Georg Christian Graf Henckel von Donnersmarck (German: [ˈfloː.ʁi.aːn ˈhɛŋ.kl̩ fɔn ˈdɔ.nɐsˌmaʁk] ⓘ; born 2 May 1973) is a German-Austrian film director. He is best known for writing and directing the 2006 dramatic thriller Das Leben der Anderen (The Lives of Others), which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He also wrote and directed the 2010 romantic thriller The Tourist starring Angelina Jolie and Johnny Depp, and the 2018 epic drama Never Look Away.

University of Television and Film Munich
The University of Television and Film Munich (German: Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film München, short: HFF Munich) is a publicly funded film school in Munich, Germany. The school was established in 1966 by decree of the Bavarian government. The University of Television and Film Munich is one of Germany's most reputable film schools with about 350 students enrolled.
Five Men of the Pear Chamber
The Five Men of the Pear Chamber (梨壺の五人, Nashitsubo no gonin) are a group of Heian period (794–1185) Japanese poets and scholars who cooperated in the compilation of the Gosen Wakashū. They also compiled kundoku (訓読) readings for texts from the Man'yōshū. The group was composed of the following men:

Ōnakatomi no Yoshinobu (大中臣能宣, (921-991)

Minamoto no Shitagō (源順, 911-983)

Kiyohara no Motosuke (清原元輔, 908-990)

Sakanoue no Mochiki (坂上望城, dates unknown)

Ki no Tokibumi (紀時文, 922-996)

Sakanoue no Mochiki
Sakanoue no Mochiki (坂上望城; dates unknown, likely died around 975) was a Heian period waka poet and Japanese nobleman. He was the son of Sakanoue no Korenori, one of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals.

As one of the Five Men of the Pear Chamber (梨壺の五人), he contributed to the compilation of the Gosen Wakashū. He also compiled kundoku (訓読) readings for texts from the Man'yōshū.
Free nerve ending
A free nerve ending (FNE) or bare nerve ending, is an unspecialized, afferent nerve fiber sending its signal to a sensory neuron. Afferent in this case means bringing information from the body's periphery toward the brain. They function as cutaneous nociceptors and are essentially used by vertebrates to detect noxious stimuli that often result in pain.

Stimulus modality
Stimulus modality, also called sensory modality, is one aspect of a stimulus or what is perceived after a stimulus. For example, the temperature modality  is registered after heat or cold stimulate a receptor. Some sensory modalities include: light, sound, temperature, taste, pressure, and smell. The type and location of the sensory receptor activated by the stimulus plays the primary role in coding the sensation. All sensory modalities work together to heighten stimuli sensation when necessary.
Izaku Castle
Izaku Castle (伊作城, Izaku-jō) was a castle structure in Hioki, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

The date of the castle's construction is unknown, but it is believed that the castle was built by Shimazu Hisanaga in the thirteenth century. It was the original seat of power for the Shimazu clan until 1536, when Shimazu Takahisa relocated the clan leadership to Ichiuji Castle. It was famously the birthplace of the warlords Shimazu Tadayoshi, Shimazu Yoshihisa and Shimazu Yoshihiro.

Owing to its significance to the clan, Izaku castle was retained as a stronghold until 1615. The castle is now only ruins, with nothing but some moats and earthworks remaining.

Shimazu Yoshihisa
Shimazu Yoshihisa (島津義久; February 9, 1533 – March 5, 1611) was a powerful daimyō and the 16th Chief of Shimazu clan of Satsuma Province, the eldest son of Shimazu Takahisa. He was renowned as a great general, who managed to subjugate Kyushu through the deft maneuvering of his three brothers. Eventually, in 1585, Yoshihisa seceded control of the entire Kyushu region.
Wharf Cable Tower
The Cable TV Tower (Chinese: 有線電視大樓) is a skyscraper located in Tsuen Wan in Hong Kong which was completed in 1993. The large building stands 197 metres (646 ft) tall with 41 floors of office and industrial space situated between Hoi Shing Road and Chai Wan Kok Street. The skyscraper is also the tallest 'office / industrial' building in the city (though many purely commercial properties are much higher). Attached to the southeast side of the building is an intermodal container (shipping container) elevator capable of lifting 40-foot containers to thirty floors up.

Tsuen Wan
Tsuen Wan (formerly also spelled Tsun Wan) is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The modern city is centered the Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation.
First Congress of Lithuanian Women
The First Congress of Lithuanian Women (Lithuanian: Pirmasis lietuvių moterų suvažiavimas) took place on 6–7 October [O.S. 23–24 September] 1907 in Kaunas (then part of the Russian Empire, now Lithuania). It was organized by Catholic priests in preparation for the October 1907 election to the third State Duma but discussed only cultural and economic issues. The organizers attempted to invite representatives of different social classes and political affiliations leading to disagreements between socialists and Catholic clergy, and between educated intellectuals and less educated villagers. The congress resolved to establish the Lithuanian Women's Union. However, disagreements between the liberals and the Catholics led to splintering of the women's movement and to the establishment of the Association of Lithuanian Catholic Women in January 1908. The Women's Union was officially established only in 1922.

Lithuanian Women's Association
The Lithuanian Women's Association (Lithuanian: Lietuvos moterų susivienijimas) was the first Lithuanian women's organization. It was active during the Russian Revolution of 1905 and campaigned for women's suffrage and for autonomy of Lithuania within the Russian Empire.
Siege of Uruguaiana
The siege of Uruguaiana was an engagement in the Paraguayan War that began in late August 1865, and ended on 18 September that year when the Paraguayans were forced to surrender due to low food supplies.  Paraguayan forces surrendered in spite of President López's order to the Paraguayan commander, Colonel Estigarribia, not to do so. After the allied victory at Uruguaiana, Lopéz withdrew his army from Argentina and Brazil.

Gaston, Count of Eu
Prince Gaston of Orléans, Count of Eu (French: Louis Philippe Marie Ferdinand Gaston; 28 April 1842 – 28 August 1922) was a French prince of the House of Orléans and a career military officer. He is best known for his service as a senior commander in the Hispano-Moroccan War and for his prominent role in the Paraguayan War, where he commanded Allied forces during the final phase of the conflict. Born into the French royal family as the eldest son of Louis, Duke of Nemours and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Gaston later became a central figure in Brazilian imperial history through his marriage to Princess Isabel, daughter and heir of Pedro II of Brazil. As prince consort to the heiress presumptive, he played a significant role in the political, military, and dynastic affairs of the Empire of Brazil during its final decades.
9:30 Club
38°55′05″N 77°01′26″W﻿ / ﻿38.918°N 77.024°W﻿ / 38.918; -77.024

The 9:30 Club, originally named Nightclub 9:30 and also known simply as the 9:30, is a nightclub and concert venue in Washington, D.C. In 2018, Rolling Stone named the 9:30 Club one of the 10 best live music venues in the United States.

The club opened on May 31, 1980, on the ground floor rear room of the Atlantic Building at 930 F Street NW, in Downtown Washington, D.C. with a legal standing capacity of 199. In 1996, the club moved to a larger location at its current location at 815 V Street NW, where it anchors the eastern end of the U Street Corridor.

The 9:30 Club's name was derived from its original street address, which was also the reason to set the venue's original opening time of 9:30 p.m. Early advertising on WHFS radio featured the club's slogan, "9:30 – a Place and Time!"

U Street (Washington, D.C.)
The U Street Corridor or Greater U Street, sometimes known as Cardozo/Shaw, is a neighborhood in Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. Centered along U Street, the neighborhood is one of Washington's most popular nightlife and entertainment districts, as well as one of the most significant African American heritage districts in the country.

The area was largely built after the U.S. Civil War and with the arrival of the Washington streetcar system in the 1880s, the neighborhood development boomed. By 1920, the neighborhood was predominantly African-American and flourished as the "Black Broadway", the heart of African-American culture in Washington. The area declined for a period following the 1968 Washington riots, but recovered following the 1991 opening of the U Street station of the Washington Metro. Since the 2000s, the area has been subject to significant urban redevelopment and gentrification.
Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
Manitowoc County (/ˈmænɪtəwɒk/ ⓘ MAN-it-ə-wok) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 81,359. Its county seat is Manitowoc. The county was created in 1836 prior to Wisconsin's statehood and organized in 1848. Manitowoc County comprises the Manitowoc, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Two Rivers (town), Wisconsin
Two Rivers is a town in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,912 at the 2000 census. The City of Two Rivers is located mostly within the town. The unincorporated community of Shoto is also located in the town.
European Union Military Committee
The Military Committee of the European Union (EUMC) is the body of the European Union's (EU) Common Security and Defence Policy that is composed of member states' Chiefs of Defence (CHOD). These national CHODs are regularly represented in the EUMC in Brussels by their permanent Military Representatives (MilRep), who often are two- or three-star flag officers.

The EUMC is under the authority of the EU's High Representative (HR) and the Political and Security Committee (PSC).

NATO Military Committee
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)'s Military Committee (abbr.  MC) is the body that is composed of member states' chiefs of defence (CHOD). These national CHODs are regularly represented in the MC by their permanent Military Representatives (MilRep), who often are officers of the rank of general and admiral. Like the Council, from time to time the Military Committee also meets at a higher level, namely at the level of Chiefs of Defence, the most senior military officer in each nation's armed forces.
All Saints' Church, Dunedin
All Saints' Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church located in Dunedin, New Zealand. Established in 1865, the church is part of the Dunedin North parish in the Diocese of Dunedin.

The church building has a Category I listing with the New Zealand Historic Places Trust.

Selwyn College, Otago
Selwyn College is a residential college affiliated to the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. It was founded by Bishop Samuel Tarratt Nevill as a theological college training clergy for the Anglican Church and as a hall of residence for students attending the university. It is named after George Augustus Selwyn, the first Bishop of New Zealand and is owned by the Anglican Diocese of Dunedin.
It was opened on 15 January 1893. It was Otago's first residential college and on the model of an English university college it included students of all subjects. Women were admitted in 1983. The main building is listed as a Category II Historic Place. Selwyn is one of the most popular colleges in Dunedin, its 214 available places oversubscribed every year.

Bishop Nevill was the pioneer of the Oxbridge-esque collegiate system at Otago and founded Selwyn college in 1893.
Neurophenomenology
Neurophenomenology refers to a scientific research program aimed at addressing the hard problem of consciousness in a pragmatic way. It combines neuroscience with phenomenology to study experience, mind, and consciousness with an emphasis on the embodied condition of the human mind. The field is very much linked to fields such as neuropsychology, neuroanthropology,and behavioral neuroscience (also known as biopsychology) and the study of phenomenology in psychology.

Charles Laughlin
Charles D. Laughlin Jr. (born 1938) is an American neuroanthropologist known primarily for having co-founded a school of neuroanthropological theory called "biogenetic structuralism."  Laughlin is an emeritus professor of anthropology and religion at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.
Kennedy Town Swimming Pool
The Kennedy Town Swimming Pool (Chinese: 堅尼地城游泳池) is a public swimming complex in Kennedy Town, Hong Kong. There have been two pools of this name. The first iteration opened in 1974 while the current iteration opened in 2011.

Kennedy Town
Kennedy Town is a town and neighbourhood at the western end of Sai Wan on Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It was named after Arthur Edward Kennedy, the 7th governor of Hong Kong from 1872 to 1877. Administratively, it is part of Central and Western District.

Due to its distance from major commercial cores and longtime inaccessibility by train, urban development in this area was less vigorous than in other parts of urban Hong Kong. But since the MTR was extended to the area in 2014, it began rapidly gentrifying, with many older businesses, such as vehicle repair workshops and cha chaan tengs, making way for new luxury developments, as well as high-end bars and restaurants.
Musée Mécanique
The Musée Mécanique ([my.ze me.ka.nik], "Mechanical Museum") is a for-profit interactive museum of 20th-century penny arcade games and artifacts, located at Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco, California. With over 300 mechanical machines, it is one of the world's largest privately owned collections.

Amusement arcade
An amusement arcade, also known as a video arcade, amusements, arcade, or penny arcade (an older term), is a venue where people play arcade games. These include arcade video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, merchandisers (such as claw machines), or coin-operated billiards or air hockey tables. In some countries, some types of arcades are also legally permitted to provide gambling machines such as slot machines or pachinko machines. Games are usually housed in cabinets.

Video games were introduced in amusement arcades in the late 1970s and were most popular during the golden age of arcade video games, the early 1980s.
Walnut Creek, Ohio
Walnut Creek is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in central Walnut Creek Township, Holmes County, Ohio, United States. It had a population of 908 at the 2020 census. Located in Ohio's Amish Country, Walnut Creek is a popular location for tourists.

Ohio Amish Country
Ohio Amish Country, also known simply as the Amish Country, is the second-largest community of Amish (a Pennsylvania Dutch group), with in 2023 an estimated 84,065 members according to the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies at Elizabethtown College.

Ohio's largest Amish settlement is centered around Holmes County and in 2023 included an estimated 39,525 children and adults, the second largest in the world and the highest concentration of Amish in any US county; the Amish make up half the population of Holmes County, with members of other closely related Anabaptist Christian denominations, such as the Mennonites, residing there as well. The second largest community in Ohio is centered around Geauga County.

Ohio's Amish Country in and around Holmes County is one of the state's primary tourist attractions and a major driver of the area's economy.
St Mary's Church, Ellesmere
St Mary's Church stands on a hill in the town of Ellesmere, Shropshire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Ellesmere, the archdeaconry of Salop, and the diocese of Lichfield.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Ellesmere, Shropshire
Ellesmere (/ˈɛlzmɪər/ ELZ-meer) is a town in the civil parish of Ellesmere Urban, in Shropshire, England; it is located near to the Welsh border, the towns of Oswestry and Whitchurch, and the Welsh city of Wrexham. It is notable for its proximity to a number of prominent meres.
Virginia State Treasurer
The Virginia state treasurer is the head of the Virginia Department of the Treasury. They are the primary manager of the state's multi-billion dollar investment portfolio and oversee the issuance of bonds and management of debt in excess of $15 billion.

The current Virginia state treasurer is David L. Richardson, who was appointed by Governor Glenn Youngkin in June 2022.

David L. Richardson
David Lee Richardson II (born March 1, 1954) is an American lawyer and public official who currently serves as Treasurer of Virginia, after being appointed by Governor Glenn Youngkin in June 2022. He was previously a partner at McGuireWoods for over four decades. He was retained by Governor Abigail Spanberger.

Richardson was born in Washington, D.C., on March 1, 1954, and was educated at the University of Virginia, where he received an undergraduate degree in economics and a Juris Doctor degree.
Rhodium(III) sulfide
Rhodium(III) sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula Rh2S3.  It is an insoluble black solid, prepared by the heating a mixture of elemental rhodium and sulfur.  Crystals can be grown by chemical vapor transport using bromine as the transporting agent.  The structure consists of octahedral and tetrahedral Rh and S centers, respectively.  No close Rh-Rh contacts are observed.  Rh2Se3 and Ir2S3 adopt the same structure as Rh2S3.

Iridium(III) sulfide
Iridium(III) sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ir2S3.  It is an insoluble black solid, prepared by heating a mixture of elemental iridium and sulfur.  Crystals can be grown by chemical vapor transport using bromine as the transporting agent.  The structure consists of octahedral and tetrahedral Ir and S centers, respectively.  No close Ir-Ir contacts are observed. Rh2S3 and Rh2Se3 adopt the same structure.
European Cricket Championship
The European Cricket Championship was a national team cricket tournament for the European countries associated with the International Cricket Council. The tournament was played as a league system, where the teams were split into divisions. The competition was designed to encourage and develop the best players in countries where cricket was not a major sport and Europe's only Test cricket playing country at the time, England, did not enter a full-strength side. The games were often played as 50-over one-day cricket matches.

European Cricket Council
The European Cricket Council (ECC) was an international body which oversaw cricket in European countries other than the Test-playing cricketing nation of England, the only European Full Member of the ICC for the duration of the ECC's existence until 2010. Since 2008, ICC Europe, the International Cricket Council region for Europe has succeeded the operations of ECC, akin to ICC East Asia-Pacific and ICC Americas.
1845 Royal Canal disaster
53°22′47″N 6°24′20″W﻿ / ﻿53.37976°N 6.40549°W﻿ / 53.37976; -6.40549
The Royal Canal disaster of 1845 occurred on the evening of 25 November 1845 along the Royal Canal near Clonsilla, County Dublin, Ireland when the night boat Longford, on its way from Dublin to the eponymous town of Longford, was accidentally steered into the bank of the canal, forcing it to tip over enough that it began to take on water, and sank. Overloading of the boat, and the rocky nature of the canal bank in which the incident occurred may have contributed to the sinking due to the weight of passengers shifting unexpectedly as the bow hit a solid obstacle. Of the 54 people onboard at the time of the accident, 15 died.

Royal Canal
The Royal Canal (Irish: An Chanáil Ríoga) is a canal originally built for freight and passenger transportation from Dublin to Longford in Ireland. It is one of two canals from Dublin to the River Shannon and was built in direct competition to the Grand Canal.  The canal fell into disrepair in the late twentieth century, but much of it has since been restored for navigation.  The length of the canal to the River Shannon was reopened on 1 October 2010, but a final spur branch, to Longford Town, remains closed.
Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75 (formerly Papyrus Bodmer XIV–XV, now Hanna Papyrus 1), is an early Greek New Testament manuscript written on papyrus containing text from the Gospel of Luke 3:18–24:53, and John 1:1–15:8.: 101  It is designated by the siglum 𝔓75 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts.: 101  It is generally described as "the most significant" papyrus of the New Testament to be discovered so far.: 244  Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been traditionally dated to the third century,: 101  although some recent studies have provided arguments to consider date ranges into the early fourth century, and not just the third century.: 437  It is due to the traditional early dating that the manuscript has a high evaluation, and the fact its text so closely resembles that of the fourth-century Codex Vaticanus (B).: 405–407

It is currently housed in the Vatican Library (Hanna Papyrus 1) in Rome.

Bible translations into Coptic
There have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in five of the dialects of Coptic: Bohairic (northern), Fayyumic, Sahidic (southern), Akhmimic and Mesokemic (middle). Biblical books were translated from the Alexandrian Greek version.

The Sahidic was the leading dialect in the pre-Islamic period, after the 11th century Bohairic became dominant and the only used dialect of the Coptic language.

Partial copies of a number of Coptic Bibles survive. A considerable number of apocryphal texts also survive in Coptic, most notably the Gnostic Nag Hammadi library. Coptic remains the liturgical language of the Coptic Church and Coptic editions of the Bible are central to that faith.