hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hugh Price Hughes
Hugh Price Hughes (8 February 1847 – 17 November 1902) was a Welsh Methodist clergyman and religious reformer. He served in multiple leadership roles in the Wesleyan Methodist Church. He organised the West London Methodist Mission, a key Methodist organisation today. Recognised as one of the greatest orators of his era, Hughes also founded and edited an influential newspaper, the Methodist Times in 1885. His editorials helped convince Methodists to break their longstanding support for the Conservatives and support the more moralistic Liberal Party, which other Nonconformist Protestants already supported.

Frances Hughes
Frances Emily Hughes became Frances Emily Webb-Peploe (14 April 1855 – 12 February 1927) was the head of the Women's hall of residence for the University College of North Wales in Bangor. She resigned following a dispute that caused a national debate.
Misaka Pass
Misaka Pass (神坂峠, Misaka-tōge) is a mountain pass through the southern end of the Kiso Mountains, connecting the city of Nakatsugawa, Gifu with the village of Achi, Nagano. The highest point on the pass is 1,569 metres (5,148 ft). The pass is accessible by car via a forestry road from the Gifu side; however, due to the danger of falling rocks, the road on the Nagano side of the pass is closed to vehicular traffic. The modern 8600-meter Enayama Tunnel on the Chūō Expressway is located approximately a kilometer north of the pass.

Achi, Nagano
Achi (阿智村, Achi-mura) is a village located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the village had an estimated population of 6,379 in 2360 households, and a population density of 30.7 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 214.43 square kilometres (82.79 sq mi).
Degeneria
Degeneria is a genus of flowering plants endemic to Fiji. It is the only genus in the family Degeneriaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the APG system of 1998, the APG II system of 2003 and the APG III system of 2009), recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Magnoliales in the clade magnoliids.

Degeneria was named after Otto Degener, who first found  D. vitiensis in 1942. Classical studies of native stands of Degeneria from Vanua Levu and Viti Levu islands were conducted more than 30 years ago.

A 45-cent stamp issued in 1988 depicted a flowering branch of Degeneria vitiensis. This species appears on Fiji's five-dollar bill.  A one-dollar 1988 philatelic commemorated the discovery of Degeneria roseiflora earlier in that same year.

The genus contains two species of trees, both native to Fiji:

Degeneria roseiflora John M.Mill. – Vanua Levu, Taveuni – karawa

Degeneria vitiensis L.W.Bailey & A.C.Sm. – Viti Levu – masiratu.

Magnoliales
The Magnoliales are an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Magnoliales include: magnolias, tulip trees, custard apples, American pawpaw, cherimoyas, ylang-ylang, soursop fruit, and nutmeg.
Glutinoglossum heptaseptatum
Glutinoglossum heptaseptatum is a species of earth tongue fungus in the family Geoglossaceae. Described in 2013, it is indistinguishable from its close relative G. glutinosum without the use of a microscope, and is known for certain only from the Czech Republic.

Geoglossaceae
Geoglossaceae is a family of fungi in the order Geoglossales, class Geoglossomycetes. These fungi are broadly known as earth tongues. The ascocarps of most species in the family Geoglossaceae are terrestrial and are generally small, dark in color, and club-shaped with a height of 2–8 cm. The ascospores are typically light-brown to dark-brown and are often multiseptate. Other species of fungi have been known to parasitize ascocarps. The use of a compound microscope is needed for accurate identification.
Carterhaugh
Carterhaugh /ˌkɑːrtərˈhɔː/ is a wood and farm near the confluence of the Yarrow Water and the Ettrick Water near Selkirk in the Scottish Borders. This real location shares its name with the fictional setting for the meeting between Tam Lin and Janet (sometimes Margaret) in the ballad "Tam Lin". This is commemorated in the name of Tamlane's Well, on the roadside outside Carterhaugh Farm. The link between the location and the ballad is debated.

It is close to the site of the Battle of Philiphaugh (1645) on Ettrick Water and to the birthplace of Mungo Park on Yarrow Water. Carterhaugh Bridge is a listed building, reference number 13866, listed as Caterhaugh.

Yarrow Water
The Yarrow Water is a river in the Borders in the south east of Scotland. It is a tributary of the Ettrick Water (itself a tributary of the Tweed) and renowned for its high quality trout and salmon fishing. The name "Yarrow" may derive from the Celtic word garw meaning "rough" or possibly share a derivation with the English name "Jarrow".

The valley was the birthplace of Mungo Park and has inspired several well-known songs and poems. Its traditions and folk tales were well documented by Walter Scott, who spent part of his childhood nearby, and in adult life returned to live in the vicinity at Abbotsford House, near Melrose.
Les Soleils des indépendances
Les Soleils des indépendances (The Suns of Independence) is the first novel by Ivorian author Ahmadou Kourouma. It won the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire in 1969.

The title is a play on words involving the meaning of the Maninka word "télé", which can mean "sun", but also "day", "era" or "period [of time]".

Grand prix Afrique
The Grand prix Afrique, previously known as the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire (one of the major literary prizes of Black Africa for Francophone Literature) is a literary prize presented every year by the ADELF, the Association of French Language Writers for a French original text from Sub-Saharan Africa.
It was originally endowed with 2,000 french francs.
American Piano Company
American Piano Company (Ampico) was an American piano manufacturer formed in 1908 through the merger of Wm. Knabe & Co., Chickering & Sons, Marshall & Wendell, and Foster-Armstrong. They later purchased the Mason & Hamlin piano company as their flagship piano. The merger created one of the largest American piano manufacturers. In 1932, it was merged with the Aeolian Company to form Aeolian-American Co.

Wm. Knabe & Co.
Wm. Knabe & Co. was a piano manufacturing company that operated independently in Baltimore, Maryland, from 1855 to 1908, then as a division of the American Piano Company until 1932, then as part of Aeolian-American at East Rochester, New York, until 1982. Since 2001, the name has been owned by Samick Musical Instruments.
Long March 2D
The Long March 2D (Chinese: 长征二号丁火箭), also known as the Chang Zheng 2D, CZ-2D, and LM-2D, is a Chinese two-stage orbital carrier rocket mainly used for launching LEO and SSO satellites. It is manufactured by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST).

It is mainly launched from areas LA-2B and LA-4 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. The Long March 2D made its maiden flight on 9 August 1992. It was initially used to launch FSW-2 and FSW-3 reconnaissance satellites. More recently it has also launched from LA-9 TSLC and LA-3 XSLC.

Unlike all other members of the Long March 2 rocket family, the Long March 2D is a two-stage version of the Long March 4 launch vehicle.

Long March 2
Long March 2 rocket family or Chang Zheng 2 rocket family as in Chinese pinyin is an expendable launch system operated by the People's Republic of China. The rockets use the abbreviations LM-2 family for export, and CZ-2 family within China, as "Chang Zheng" means "Long March" in Chinese pinyin. They are part of the larger Long March rocket family. Development and design falls mostly under the auspices of the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT).
N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D
N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the release of N-acylethanolamine (NAE) from N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE).  This is a major part of the process that converts ordinary lipids into chemical signals like anandamide and oleoylethanolamine.  In humans, the NAPE-PLD protein is encoded by  the NAPEPLD gene.

Bile acid
Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. Diverse bile acids are synthesized in the liver in peroxisomes. Bile acids are conjugated with taurine or glycine residues to give anions called bile salts.

Primary bile acids are those synthesized by the liver. Secondary bile acids result from bacterial actions in the colon. In humans, taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid (derivatives of cholic acid) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (derivatives of chenodeoxycholic acid) are the major bile salts. The salts of their 7-alpha-dehydroxylated derivatives, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, are also found, with derivatives of cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids accounting for over 90% of human biliary bile acids.
Ahmad Zia Massoud
Ahmad Zia Massoud (born 1 May 1956) is an Afghan politician who served as the first vice president of Afghanistan in the first elected administration of President Hamid Karzai, from December 2004 to November 2009.

He is a younger brother of the late Ahmad Shah Massoud, the resistance leader against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and against the Taliban. In late 2011, Ahmad Zia Massoud joined hands with major leaders in the National Front of Afghanistan, which strongly opposed a return of the Taliban to power. The National Front was generally regarded as a reformation of the United Front (Northern Alliance) which with U.S. air support temporarily removed the Taliban from power in late 2001.

Mohammad Mohaqiq
Haji Muhammad Mohaqiq (Hazaragi/Dari: حاجی محمد محقق; born 26 July 1955 in Balkh) is an Afghan politician who served as a member of the Afghanistan Parliament. He is also the founder and chairman of the People's Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan. During the 1980s, he served with the mujahideen rebel forces fighting against the Soviet-backed Afghan government during the Soviet-Afghan War. After the withdrawal of the Soviet Union in 1989, Mohaqiq was appointed as the leader of the Hezb-e Wahdat for northern Afghanistan.
Kokomo Arnold
James "Kokomo" Arnold (February 15, 1896 or 1901 – November 8, 1968) was an American blues musician. A left-handed slide guitarist, his intense style of playing and rapid-fire vocal delivery set him apart from his contemporaries. He got his nickname in 1934 after releasing "Old Original Kokomo Blues" for Decca Records, a cover version of Scrapper Blackwell's blues song about the city of Kokomo, Indiana.

Milk Cow Blues
"Milk Cow Blues" is a blues song written and originally recorded by Kokomo Arnold in September 1934. In 1935 and 1936, he recorded four sequels designated "Milk Cow Blues No. 2" through No. 5. The song made Arnold a star, and was widely adapted by artists in the blues, Western swing and rock idioms.
Pfänderbahn
The Pfänderbahn (lit. 'Mount Pfänder cable car') is an aerial tramway in Bregenz in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It connects the shore of Lake Constance (Bodensee) at 419 m (1,375 ft) above sea level with the 1,022 m (3,353 ft) high mountain station near the Pfänderspitze.

The valley station in Bregenz is located ca. 600 m (0.37 mi) from Bregenz Hafen and 1.2 km (0.75 mi) from Bregenz railway stations.

Bregenz
Bregenz (German: [ˈbʁeːɡɛnts] ⓘ; Vorarlbergian: Breagaz [ˈb̥rea̯ɡ̊ats]) is the capital of Vorarlberg, the westernmost state of Austria. The city lies on the east and southeast shores of Lake Constance, the third-largest freshwater lake in Central Europe, between Switzerland in the west and Germany in the northwest.

Bregenz is located on a plateau falling in a series of terraces to the lake at the foot of Pfänder mountain. It is a junction of the arterial roads from the Rhine valley to the German Alpine foothills, with cruise ship services on Lake Constance.

It is famous for the annual summer music festival Bregenzer Festspiele, as well as the dance festival Bregenzer Spring.
Juju (software)
Juju is a free and open-source application modeling tool developed by Canonical Ltd. Juju is an application management system. It was built to reduce the operation overhead of software by facilitating, deploying, configuring, scaling, integrating, and performing operational tasks on public and private cloud services along with bare-metal servers and local container-based deployments.

Canonical (company)
Canonical Ltd. is a privately held company supporting computer software, based in London, England. It was founded and funded by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth to market commercial support and related services for the operating system Ubuntu, and related projects. Canonical employs staff in more than 70 countries and maintains offices in London, Austin, Boston, Shanghai, Beijing, Taipei, Tokyo and the Isle of Man.
Piskorowice
Piskorowice [pʲiskɔrɔˈvʲit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Leżajsk, within Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

In Piskorowice and outlying villages a massacre of between 160 and 400 ethnic Ukrainians led by members of the National Military Organization of the "Wolyniak" group, aided by Polish civilians, took place on 16 April 1945. It is sometimes referred to as part of the wider Pawłokoma massacres.

From the Polish viewpoint of that time these actions were deemed to be retaliation for the anti-Polish crimes against humanity committed by the UPA. The immediate reason of this retaliation was the massacre committed by UPA the day before in the village Wiązownica.

Wiązownica massacre
The Wiązownica massacre occurred on 17 April 1945 in the village Wiązownica, located in Jarosław County Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in southeastern Poland, then located in Lwów Voivodeship. It was one of the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia, and was perpetrated by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). The massacre occurred during a battle fought between the UPA and, initially, local Polish partisans, and, later, the Polish People's Army (LWP), towards the outskirts of Wiązownica. It saw the deaths of 91 civilians, including 20 women and children, alongside four LWP soldiers. The UPA also burned down 150 houses. In retaliation for the attack, the LWP led an attack on the village Piskorowice, given its large concentration of Ukrainians sympathetic for OUN.

There is a commemorative plaque to honor the victims of the massacre on the side of the church in Wiązownica. Several hundred attended when it was unveiled on 6 October 2013.
Rechitsky Uyezd
Rechitsky Uyezd (Russian: Речицкий уезд; Belarusian: Рэчыцкі павет, romanized: Rečycki paviet) was one of the Uyezds of Minsk Governorate and the Governorate-General of Minsk of the Russian Empire and then of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic with its center in Rechytsa from 1793 until its formal abolition in 1924 by Soviet authorities.

Rechytsa
Rechytsa or Rechitsa (Belarusian: Рэчыца, romanized: Rechyca, IPA: [ˈrɛtʂɨtsa]; Russian: Речица; Polish: Rzeczyca) is a town in Gomel Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Rechytsa District. The town is located on the Rechytsa River, which flows into the Dnieper. In 2020, its population was 66,400. As of 2025, it has a population of 64,733.
Stephen Mitchell (British politician)
Stephen Mitchell (10 March 1884 – 7 June 1951) was a Scottish Unionist politician who sought change through unity.

Educated at Loretto School and Jesus College, Cambridge, he served as a Major with the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry, including service in World War I. He was a Director of Imperial Tobacco.

Mitchell was Unionist Member of Parliament (MP) for Lanark from 1924 until 1929. Mitchell also was a Member of the Royal Company of Archers and was High Sheriff of Gloucestershire in 1945–1946.

High Sheriff of Gloucestershire
This is a list of Sheriffs and High Sheriffs of Gloucestershire, who should not be confused with the Sheriffs of the City of Gloucester.

The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown (in England and Wales the office previously known as sheriff was retitled High Sheriff on 1 April 1974). Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that the High Sheriff's functions are now largely ceremonial.  The High Sheriff changes every March.

As of 2006, the Sheriff's territory or bailiwick is covered by the administrative areas of Gloucestershire County Council and of South Gloucestershire District Council. Sir Robert Atkyns, the historian of Gloucester, writing in 1712 stated that no family had produced more Sheriffs of this county than Denys.
Raspy river stingray
The raspy river stingray, mosaic stingray or arraia (Potamotrygon scobina) is a species of freshwater fish in the family Potamotrygonidae. This stingray is endemic to the Amazon basin in Brazil, where known from the Amazon–Pará River (Belém to near the confluence with the Putumayo River), the Madeira River basin, Uatumã River and lower Tocantins River.

It reaches up to 69 cm (2 ft 3 in) in disc width and 132.5 cm (4 ft 4.2 in) in total length. It is fairly common, but threatened by habitat loss. It is part of a group consisting of five allopatric Amazonian stingrays, the others being P. adamastor (Uraricoera River), P. amazona (Juruá, Jutaí and Rio Negro), P. garmani (mid to upper Tocantins River) and P. limai (Jamari River). These all have three angular cartilages (as opposed to the one or two seen in other species in the genus).

Potamotrygonidae
River stingrays or freshwater stingrays are Neotropical freshwater fishes of the family Potamotrygonidae in the order Myliobatiformes, one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks. They are found in rivers in tropical and subtropical South America (freshwater stingrays in Africa, Asia and Australia are in another family, Dasyatidae). A single marine genus, Styracura, of the tropical West Atlantic and East Pacific are also part of Potamotrygonidae. They are generally brownish, greyish or black, often with a mottled, speckled or spotted pattern, have disc widths ranging from 31 to 200 centimetres (1.0–6.6 ft) and venomous tail stingers. River stingrays feed on a wide range of smaller animals and the females give birth to live young. There are more than 35 species in five genera.
Michele Pennisi
Michele Pennisi (born 23 November 1946) is an Italian Archbishop of the Catholic Church in Sicily, and a noted opponent of the Sicilian Mafia. He served as Archbishop of Monreale from 8 February 2013 to 28 April 2022. Following the reorganisation of the Sicilian church in 2000, Archbishops of Monreale are no longer Metropolitans, but they retain the personal rank of Archbishop.

Archdiocese of Monreale
The Archdiocese of Monreale (Latin: Archidioecesis Montis Regalis) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Sicily. As of 2000 it is no longer a metropolitan see, and is now a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Palermo.
Ana Nikolić
Ana Nikolić (Serbian Cyrillic: Ана Николић; pronounced [âna nǐkolit͡ɕ]; born 27 September 1978) is a Serbian singer and television personality. Born in Jagodina and raised in Paraćin, she rose to prominence by competing in the Beovizija 2003 music festival with the song "Januar". Nikolić has to date released five studio albums.

Januar
Januar is the debut studio album by Serbian recording artist Ana Nikolić. It was released on 23 August 2003 by City Records. Nikolić worked with several producers on the album, mainly Aleksandar Milić Mili who is known for his work with Serbian folk singer Ceca Ražnatović. All of the songs were written by Marina Tucaković, and they mainly talk about passion and cheating. Musically, the album drew inspiration from European pop sound incorporating music genres of the Balkans region.

For songs "Vatra" and "Hoću da te gledam" Ana filmed extremely effective and high quality videos.
GMA Music
GMA Productions, Inc., doing business as GMA Music (formerly known as Infiniti Music and GMA Records), is a Philippine record label owned and operated by GMA Network Inc. It is engaged in the production, marketing, and distribution of music and concerts. GMA Music is a member of PARI and has the distinction of having two Diamond Record awards in the highly competitive music scene.

Tween Academy: Class of 2012
Tween Academy: Class of 2012 is a 2011 Filipino teen comedy film directed by Mark A. Reyes V. It was produced by GMA Pictures and SM Development Corporation. The film was based on the series Tween Hearts, and stars Joshua Dionisio, Barbie Forteza, Jake Vargas, Bea Binene, Joyce Ching, Kristofer Martin, Lexi Fernandez, Derrick Monasterio and Louise delos Reyes, all in different roles, with Alden Richards and Elmo Magalona joining the cast. The film was released August 24, 2011.
Victoria Montero
Victoria Montero (born Victoria Eugenia Montero Enríquez; 25 August 1991) is a Mexican athlete who competes in badminton. In 2010, she participated at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games where she won the gold medal in the singles, doubles and team competitions as well as the bronze medal at the mixed competition. In 2011, she participated at the Pan American Games where she won the bronze medal at the singles competition. In 2012, she secured her qualification to represent Mexico at the London Olympics to participate in the singles event via the world ranking. Montero did not advance to the knock-out stage after losing two matches against Tai Tzu-ying of Chinese Taipei, and Anu Nieminen of Finland in the group K stage.

Tai Tzu-ying
Tai Tzu-ying (Chinese: 戴資穎; pinyin: Dài Zīyǐng; Wade–Giles: Tai Tzu-ying; born 20 June 1994) is a Taiwanese retired professional badminton player. At the age of 22, she achieved world no.1 ranking in December 2016, and held that position for 214 weeks in different spells, second longest in the BWF women's singles history. Tai was the women's singles silver medalist in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and the 2021 BWF World Championships. She was gold medalist in the 2017 Summer Universiade and the 2018 Asian Games. She was the champion of BWF Super Series Finals/BWF World Tour Finals a record four times (2014, 2016, 2020, 2023). She was thrice the champion of the All England Open (2017, 2018, 2020), and of the Asian Championships (2017, 2018, 2023).
Fred Evans (philosopher)
Fred Evans (born June 6, 1944) is an American philosopher. He is a Professor of philosophy at Duquesne University and Director of the Center for Interpretative and Qualitative Research. His research and teaching interests are in contemporary continental philosophy (Merleau-Ponty, Foucault, and Deleuze), social and political philosophy, and philosophy of language, psychology and technology.

Evans was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  His work is informed both by his experiences as a psychologist and his time spent working under the auspices of an NGO in Laos during the 1970s. A reflection on these influences and his academic and activist work can be found in his brief intellectual biography at Duquesne's website.

Leonard Lawlor
Leonard "Len" Lawlor (/ˈlɔːlər/; born November 2, 1954) is an American philosopher who is Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Philosophy at Pennsylvania State University. He specializes in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Continental philosophy.