hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coles Mills, New York
Coles Mills was a grist mill and small hamlet on the West Branch of the Croton River in Kent, New York.  One of the first settlements in the Southern Precinct of Dutchess County, now Putnam County, in the state of New York, it features prominently on the 19th Century maps of the area including the 1854 R. F. O’Connor Map of Putnam County, the 1867 F.W. Beers Map, and the United States Geological Survey map from 1892.  The mill and surrounding area was purchased by the New York City water supply system and submerged during the construction of West Branch Reservoir in the 1890s.

Putnam County, New York
Putnam County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,668. The county seat is Carmel, within one of the county's six towns. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Putnam County is bordered by Dutchess County to the north, Connecticut and its county of Fairfield to the east,  Westchester County to the south, and the Hudson River and Orange County to the west. Midtown Manhattan is around a one-hour drive, and the county is included in the New York metropolitan area.

Putnam County was formed in 1812 from Dutchess County and is named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War.

It is one of the most affluent counties in America, ranked 21st by median household income, and 43rd by per-capita income, according to the 2012 American Community Survey and 2009–2013 American Community Survey, respectively.
Motorcycle Safety Foundation
The Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) is an American national, not-for-profit organization, founded in 1973, and sponsored by the U.S. manufacturers and distributors of BMW, BRP, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki, KTM, Piaggio/Vespa, Suzuki, Triumph, Indian Motorcycle and Yamaha motorcycles.  The MSF maintains rider training curricula used in most states for novice and experienced riders.

The MSF fosters a "ride safe" attitude, and promotes lifelong learning for motorcyclists. It also  participates in government relations, motorcycle safety research, public awareness campaigns, and technical assistance to state training and licensing programs.

Motorcycle training
Motorcycle training teaches motorcycle riders the skills for riding on public roads. It is the equivalent of driver's education for car drivers.  Training beyond basic qualification and licensing is available to those whose duty includes motorcycle riding, such as police, and additional rider courses are offered for street riding refreshers, sport riding, off-road techniques, and developing competitive skills for the motorcycle racetrack.
Namibia national rugby union team
The Namibia national rugby union team (nicknamed the Welwitschias) represents Namibia in men's international rugby union competitions. They are a tier-two nation in the World Rugby tier system, and have participated in seven Rugby World Cup competitions since their first appearance in 1999. They are governed by the Namibia Rugby Union.

Namibia has been playing international rugby since the early 1900s. As well as having competed at the World Cup, Namibia competes annually in the Africa Cup. Until independence, players for Namibia were also eligible to represent South Africa, with Namibian-born Springboks including Jan Ellis.

Kenya national rugby union team
The Kenya national rugby union team, commonly known as the Simbas (Swahili for lions), is the country's national team managed by the Kenya Rugby Union.
The team plays in red, green, and black jerseys with black or white shorts.
The Simbas represent Kenya in the Africa Cup and various other tournaments across the continent. 
They currently rank 34 in the World Rugby Rankings and fourth in Africa. Kenya is yet to qualify for the Rugby World Cup.

The Simbas' home ground is the RFUEA Ground which opened to an East Africa side against the British and Irish Lions in 1955.
Shōnan
Shōnan (湘南) is the name of a region along the coast of Sagami Bay in Kanagawa Prefecture, central Japan. Centered on Sagami River, about 60 kilometers southwest of Tokyo, the Shōnan region stretches from Ninomiya in the west to Fujisawa in the east, including Ōiso, Hiratsuka, and Chigasaki. Because of the bay, the region benefits from a mild climate and long beaches covered with dark volcanic sand.

Chigasaki
Chigasaki (茅ヶ崎市, Chigasaki-shi) is a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2021, the city had an estimated population of 242,798 and a population density of 6800 people per km2. The total area of the city is 35.71 square kilometres (13.79 sq mi).
Amphitretidae
Amphitretidae is a family of mesopelagic octopods which contains three subfamilies, formerly classified as families in their own right. It is classified in the superfamily Octopodoidea. Species in the family Amphipetridae are characterised by having a single row of suckers on each arm (uniserial suckers), a gelatinous body and non hemispherical eyes.

Octopodoidea
Octopodoidea is a superfamily of the suborder Incirrata containing all extant octopods except for the cirrate octopodes, argonauts (Alloposidae, Argonautidae, Ocythoidae and Tremoctopodidae), and the vampire squid.
Pat DiNizio
Patrick Michael DiNizio (October 12, 1955 – December 12, 2017) was an American musician. He was best known for being the lead singer, songwriter and founding member of the band The Smithereens, which he formed in 1980 with Jim Babjak, Dennis Diken and Mike Mesaros from Carteret, New Jersey.

Dennis Diken
Dennis Diken (born February 25, 1957) is an American drummer, DJ, author, music historian, and founding member of the band the Smithereens, which he formed in 1980 with Pat DiNizio, Jim Babjak, and Mike Mesaros in Carteret, New Jersey. Besides playing with the Smithereens, Diken is a fill-in DJ on WFMU as well as a liner notes author and reissue project researcher.
As a musician, Diken has recorded or toured with, among others, Ronnie Spector, Dave Davies, Nancy Sinatra, Mary Weiss of the Shangri-Las and Ben E. King, and worked with musicians such as Dave Amels and R. Stevie Moore.

Diken graduated from Carteret High School in 1975, together with Jim Babjak.
The Fund for American Studies
The Fund for American Studies (TFAS) is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. Founded in 1967, the organization's mission is to educate students and young adults about leadership, the principles of limited government, and free-market economics. TFAS is a member of the State Policy Network. As of 2023, the president of TFAS is Roger Ream.

Walter Judd (politician)
Walter Henry Judd (September 25, 1898 – February 13, 1994), also known as I-te Chou (Chinese: 周以德), was an American politician and physician, best known for his battle in Congress (1943–63) to define the conservative position on China as all-out support for the Nationalists under Chiang Kai-shek and opposition to the Communists under Mao Zedong. After the Nationalists fled to Formosa (Taiwan) in 1949, Judd redoubled his support.
Stepenitztal
Stepenitztal is a municipality in the Nordwestmecklenburg district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It takes its name from the river Stepenitz. It was formed on 25 May 2014 by the merger of the former municipalities Börzow, Mallentin and Papenhusen.

Nordwestmecklenburg
Nordwestmecklenburg (Northwestern Mecklenburg) is a Kreis (district) in the north-western part of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated on the coast of the Baltic Sea and borders on Schleswig-Holstein to the west. Neighboring districts are (from east clockwise) Rostock, Ludwigslust-Parchim and the district-free city Schwerin, and the district Lauenburg and the district-free city Lübeck in Schleswig-Holstein. The district seat is the town Wismar.
Mitsubishi Diamante
The Mitsubishi Diamante is an automobile that was manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors from 1990 to 2005. The first series was a hardtop introduced to the public at the Tokyo Motor Show in 1989. It went on sale in Japan exclusively in May 1990 and won that year's Japan Car of the Year award. It was created by splicing an extra 6.6 cm (2.6 in) right down the middle of the Mitsubishi Galant, which itself had won the Japan Car of the Year award in 1987. The Diamante's platform was also used for the sporty Mitsubishi 3000GT.

The name Diamante was derived from the Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian word for "diamond" and was adopted also as homage to the Mitsubishi badge which is composed of three diamonds. In Japan, this vehicle was sold at the retail chain Car Plaza.

Adaptive cruise control
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is a type of advanced driver-assistance system for road vehicles that automatically adjusts the vehicle speed to maintain a safe distance from vehicles ahead. Using sensors such as radar, lidar, or cameras, ACC can slow the vehicle when traffic ahead reduces speed and accelerate back to a preset speed when the road is clear.

First introduced in the 1990s, ACC has evolved from early laser based systems to more advanced radar and camera-based technologies capable of operating at a full speed ranges, including stop-and-go traffic.

ACC is considered a key component of partially automated driving. Under SAE International's classification, most ACC systems are categorized as Level 1 automation, as they control longitudinal vehicle motion but require continuous driver supervision and do not provide full vehicle autonomy. When combined with steering assistance features such as lane centering, the system may qualify as Level 2 automation.
Hirosaki Gakuin University
Hirosaki Gakuin University (弘前学院大学, Hirosaki gakuin daigaku) is a private university at Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1886, and it was chartered as a university in 1971.

Hirosaki
Hirosaki (弘前市, Hirosaki-shi) is a city located in western Aomori Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026, the city had an estimated population of 157,031 in 84,998 households, and a population density of 300 per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city is 524.20 square kilometers (202.39 sq mi).

Hirosaki developed as a castle town for the 100,000 koku Hirosaki Domain ruled by the Tsugaru clan. The city is currently a regional commercial center, and the largest producer of apples in Japan.  The city government has been promoting the slogans "Apple Colored Town Hirosaki" and "Castle and Cherry Blossom and Apple Town" to promote the city image. The town is also noted for many western-style buildings dating from the Meiji period.
Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern
Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern (6 April 1833 – 4 July 1917) was a Dutch linguist and orientalist. In the literature, he is usually referred to as H. Kern or Hendrik Kern; a few other scholars bear the same surname.

Old Javanese
Old Javanese or Kawi is an Austronesian language and the oldest attested phase of the Javanese language. It was natively spoken in the central and eastern part of Java Island, what is now Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java Provinces, Indonesia. 
As a literary language, Kawi was used across Java and on the islands of Madura, Bali, and Lombok.
Revolutionary Communist Organisation, Nepal
Revolutionary Communist Organisation, Nepal (Nepali: क्रान्तिकारी कम्युनिष्ट सङ्गठन, नेपाल) was a communist faction in Nepal. The group operated in the Bagmati, Janakpur and Koshi zones. The group publish Vargyuddha (Class War).

In April 1980, the group merged into the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist).

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1978)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) was a political party in Nepal. It was launched in 1978 by the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist–Leninist), which was founded by groups involved in the Jhapa movement. The CPN (ML) published Varg-Sangarsh (Class Struggle) and Mukti Morcha (Liberation Front).
Village Vanguard
The Village Vanguard is a jazz club at Seventh Avenue South in Greenwich Village, New York City. The club was opened on February 22, 1935, by Max Gordon. Originally, the club presented folk music and beat poetry, but it became primarily a jazz music venue in 1957. It has hosted many highly renowned jazz musicians since then, and today is the oldest operating jazz club in New York City.

The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra
The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra was a jazz big band formed by trumpeter Thad Jones and drummer Mel Lewis in New York in 1965. The band performed for twelve years in its original incarnation, including a 1972 tour of the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War.  The collaboration ended in 1978 with Jones suddenly moving to Copenhagen, Denmark, after which the band became the Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra. Since the death of Lewis in 1990 it has been known as the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra. They have maintained a Monday-night residency at the Village Vanguard jazz club in New York for five decades. The band won Grammy Awards for the album Live in Munich in 1978 and for the album Monday Night Live at the Village Vanguard in 2009.
Politische Abteilung
The Politische Abteilung ("Political Department"), also called the "concentration camp Gestapo," was one of the five departments of a Nazi concentration camp set up by the Concentration Camps Inspectorate (CCI) to operate the camps. An outpost of both the Gestapo and the criminal police (Kripo), the political department evolved into the most important of the five.

Concentration Camps Inspectorate
The Concentration Camps Inspectorate (CCI) or in German, IKL (Inspektion der Konzentrationslager; German: [ɪnspɛkˈt͡si̯oːn deːɐ̯ kɔnt͡sɛntʁaˈt͡si̯oːnsˌlaːɡɐ] ⓘ) was the central Schutzstaffel (SS) administrative and managerial authority for the concentration camps of the Third Reich. Created by Theodor Eicke, it was originally known as the "General Inspection of the Enhanced SS-Totenkopfstandarten", after Eicke's position in the SS. It was later integrated into the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office as "Amt D".
Somerton, Norfolk
Somerton is a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It comprises the twin villages of East Somerton and West Somerton and is situated some 14 km (8.7 mi) north of the town of Great Yarmouth, 35 km (22 mi) north-east of the city of Norwich, and 2 km (1.2 mi) from the sea.

The civil parish has an area of 8.25 km2 (3.19 sq mi), and in the 2001 census had a population of 257 in 93 households, the population increasing to 289 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government the parish falls within the district of Great Yarmouth.

The church of West Somerton St Mary is one of 124 existing round-tower churches in Norfolk.

Borough of Great Yarmouth
The Borough of Great Yarmouth is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. It is named after its main town, Great Yarmouth, and also contains the town of Gorleston-on-Sea and a number of villages and rural areas, including part of The Broads. Other notable settlements include Bastwick, Belton, Bradwell, Burgh Castle, Caister-on-Sea, California, Fleggburgh, Hemsby, Martham, Hopton-on-Sea, Ormesby St Margaret, Rollesby, St Olaves, Scratby, Stokesby and Winterton-on-Sea.

The borough is on the east coast of Norfolk, facing the North Sea. It borders North Norfolk to the north, Broadland to the west, South Norfolk to the south-west, and East Suffolk to the south.
Fish Museum & Biodiversity Centre
The Fish Museum & Biodiversity Centre (FMBC) is located in Mymensingh, Bangladesh, in a space provided by Bangladesh Agricultural University. FMBC is one of the largest such centres in South East Asia given the size and diversity of its exhibits and collections.. The centre was established in 2009 and developed in partnership with Stirling University. Its goal is to encourage sustainable fishing.

Bangladesh Agricultural University
Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) is a public agricultural university in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. It was founded in 1961 by the Pakistani government as East Pakistan Agricultural University. It is the third-oldest university in the country.

Its campus covers 1,200 acres (490 ha) on the west bank of the Old Brahmaputra River. Its academic activities take place under six faculties, which are subdivided into 45 departments. More than 90% of its funding comes from the national government.

As of 2024, BAU has over 5,000 undergraduate and nearly 3,000 post-graduate students. Alumni include academics, government officials, politicians, and recipients of the Ekushey Padak.
2025 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 2025 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, known for sponsorship reasons as the Glen Dimplex Senior All-Ireland Championship, was the premier inter-county competition of the 2025 camogie season. Ten county teams from Ireland competed. Cork were aiming to complete a three-in-a-row, which has not been achieved since Wexford did so in 2010–12.

After protests in the 2025 Leinster Camogie semi final and 2025 Munster Camogie final a vote was held on 22 May about whether players should be given the option of playing in shorts. The motion was passed, allowing players to wear shorts or skorts.

Galway were the winners, defeating Cork by a point in the final.

2025 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final
The 2025 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final, the 94th event of its kind and the culmination of the 2025 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, was played at Croke Park on 10 August 2025. The finals of the 2025 All-Ireland Intermediate Camogie Championship and All-Ireland Junior Camogie Championship took place earlier that day at Croke Park.

Galway were the winners, defeating Cork by a point.
New Zealand property bubble
The property bubble in New Zealand is a major national economic and social issue. Since the early 1990s, house prices in New Zealand have risen considerably faster than incomes, putting increasing pressure on public housing providers as fewer households have access to housing on the private market. The property bubble has produced significant impacts on inequality in New Zealand, which now has one of the highest homelessness rate in the OECD and a record-high waiting list for public housing. Government policies have attempted to address the crisis since 2013, but have produced limited impacts to reduce prices or increase the supply of affordable housing. However, prices started falling in 2022 in response to tightening of mortgage availability and supply increasing. Some areas saw drops as high as around 9% - albeit from very high prices.

Unaffordable housing has produced profound impacts on New Zealand society. Between 1986 and 2013, home ownership dropped from 74% to 65%.

KiwiBuild
KiwiBuild was a real estate development scheme pursued by the Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand. It began in 2018, with the aim of building 100,000 homes by 2028 to increase housing affordability in New Zealand. It came under the oversight of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development and the Minister responsible was the Minister of Housing, Megan Woods.
Japan men's national youth handball team
The Japan national youth handball team is the national under–18 handball team of Japan. It is controlled by the Japan Handball Association, and is an affiliate of the International Handball Federation as well as a member of the Asian Handball Federation. The team represents Japan in international matches.

Japan Handball Association
The Japan Handball Association (JHA) (Japanese: 日本ハンドボール協会) is the governing body of handball and beach handball in Japan. JHA is affiliated to the Asian Handball Federation (AHF), Japanese Olympic Committee and International Handball Federation (IHF) since 1952.
Marathoussa
Marathoussa (Greek: Μαραθούσσα, before 1927: Κασίμι - Kasimi) was a settlement but also a community northwest of Megalopolis, Greece in Arcadia. It was dissolved at the beginning of the 2000s, in order to use the lignite in its subsoil for the production of electricity at the Public Power Corporation steam power station in Megalopolis.

Megalopolis, Greece
Megalopoli (Greek: Μεγαλόπολη, Megalopoli) is a town in the southwestern part of the regional unit of Arcadia, southern Greece. It is located on the same site as ancient Megalopolis (Ancient Greek: Μεγαλόπολις, romanized: Megalópolis, lit. 'large/great city'). When it was founded in 371 BC, it was the first large urbanization in rustic Arcadia. Its theatre had a capacity of 20,000 visitors, making it one of the largest ancient Greek theatres.

Today, Megalopoli has several schools, shops, churches, hotels and other services. The population of Megalopoli in 2021 was 5,344 residents.
The FASEB Journal
The FASEB Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal related to experimental biology. The journal was established in 1987 and has been published since 2020 by Wiley on behalf of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

It is published monthly and contains special collections throughout the year. The journal publishes research in the biological and biomedical sciences as well as interdisciplinary research cutting across multiple fields and areas. The FASEB Journal offers both a subscription model and open access.

Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), based in Rockville, Maryland, is a non-profit organization of scientific societies in the United States. With a focus on the biological and biomedical sciences, the federation represents scientists in such fields as anatomy, physiology, immunology, biochemistry, molecular biology, toxicology, genetics, and nutrition.
Columbina Rural Service Center
Columbina Rural Service Center is a populated place in Zhombe. It is 95 km northwest of Kwekwe and 67 km southwest of Kadoma.

The Center is near the now defunct Empress Nickel Mine which is about 4 km to the South-west. Blue Gum mine is on the Gokwe side of Ngondoma River yet this place was the original Blue Gum according to all maps before 1980. Blue Gum was right at the Samambwa Zhombe East Road turn-off here at Columbina RSC. Search engines always point to this place as Blue Gum, Zimbabwe. Columbina Rural Service Center is in Mahogo Village,

Mabura
18°24′39″S 29°25′52″E﻿ / ﻿18.410786°S 29.431038°E﻿ / -18.410786; 29.431038
Mabura Ward is ward number 6 of the 33 wards in Zibagwe Rural District Council of Kwekwe District. It is in Zhombe Communinal Land in Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. It is 100 km north-west-north of Kwekwe and 73 km south-west of Kadoma. Its center is at Bee Mine Township but the sitting councillor operates from Samambwa Township.
Bert Renfrey
Ethelbert Luxmore "Bert" Renfrey (5 May 1879 – 29 April 1940) was an Australian rules footballer who played in the South Australian Football Association, Victorian Football League and West Australian Football Association.

1908 Melbourne Carnival
The 1908 Melbourne Carnival was the inaugural Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian football interstate competition, held in Melbourne in August 1908. It was known at the time as the Jubilee Australasian Football Carnival because it was designed to commemorate 50 years of Australian football.

It was the first time in which all Australian states and New Zealand had competed together in the sport.

The winning team was presented with a silk pennant; and each member of the winning team received a gold championship medal.

Although the 29 August final between Victoria and Western Australia was played in front of something like 15,000 spectators, it is certain that the crowd would have been considerably larger if it had not also been the first day of the American Fleet's eight-day visit to Melbourne.