hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stratified space
In mathematics, especially in topology, a stratified space is a topological space that admits or is equipped with a stratification, a decomposition into subspaces, which are nice in some sense (e.g., smooth or flat).

A basic example is a subset of a smooth manifold that admits a Whitney stratification. But there is also an abstract stratified space such as a Thom–Mather stratified space.

On a stratified space, a constructible sheaf can be defined as a sheaf that is locally constant on each stratum.

Among the several ideals, Grothendieck's Esquisse d’un programme considers (or proposes) a stratified space with what he calls the tame topology.

Whitney conditions
In differential topology, a branch of mathematics, the Whitney conditions are conditions on a pair of submanifolds of a manifold introduced by Hassler Whitney in 1965.

A stratification of a topological space is a finite filtration by closed subsets Fi, such that the difference between successive members Fi and Fi −1 of the filtration is either empty or a smooth submanifold of dimension i. The connected components of the difference  Fi − Fi −1 are the strata of dimension i. A stratification is called a Whitney stratification if all pairs of strata satisfy the Whitney conditions A and B, as defined below.
Mithra
Mithra (Avestan: 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 Miθra; Old Persian: 𐎷𐎰𐎼 Miθraʰ‍) is an ancient Iranian deity (yazata) of covenants, light, oaths, justice, the Sun, contracts, and friendship. In addition to being the divinity of contracts, Mithra is also a judicial figure, an all-seeing protector of Truth (Asha), and the guardian of cattle, the harvest, and the Waters.

The Romans attributed their Mithraic mysteries to Zoroastrian Persian sources relating to Mithra. Since the early 1970s, the dominant scholarship has noted dissimilarities between the Persian and Roman traditions, making it, at most, the result of Roman perceptions of Zoroastrian ideas.

Ahura
Ahura (Avestan: 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀) is an Avestan language designation of a type of deity inherited by Zoroastrianism from the prehistoric Indo-Iranian religion, and denotes a particular class of Zoroastrian divinities. The term is assumed to be linguistically related to the Asuras of Indian Vedic era.
WSSP
WSSP (1250 AM) is a commercial radio station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, owned by Audacy, Inc.  It airs a sports radio format known as "105.7 The Fan".  Most of its programs are from Westwood One Sports and the BetMGM Network.

WSSP is a Class B AM station, powered at 5,000 watts.  To protect other stations on 1250 AM from interference, it uses a directional antenna with a four-tower array.  The studios and transmitter are co-located on West Grange Avenue in Hales Corners.

WTMJ (AM)
WTMJ (620 kHz) is a commercial radio station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Owned by Good Karma Brands, the station has a news/talk radio format. Its sign-on dates back to 1922 and for most of its history it was owned by The Milwaukee Journal newspaper.  On weekdays, it airs news blocks during drive time, local talk shows in middays, sports in the evening and syndicated shows in late nights. It is the flagship station for Milwaukee Brewers baseball and Milwaukee Bucks basketball.

By day, it transmits 50,000 watts, the maximum for AM radio stations in the United States. At night, to avoid interference to other stations, it reduces power to 10,000 watts. In addition, it broadcasts on 250-watt FM translator W277CV at 103.3 MHz.
South Passage (Queensland)
South Passage is channel between the South Pacific Ocean and Moreton Bay. The other entrances to the bay are the North Passage or North Entrance and Jumpinpin Channel in the south.

It was once the main entrance for ships entering the bay. South Passage begins in the shallow sand-barred channel between Moreton Island and North Stradbroke Island and continues along North Stradbroke Island past Amity Point to Dunwich. The bay inside of South Passage consists of shallow water sandbanks.

Crossing the channel by small boat is not recommended, especially during a high swell, due to the network of channels and shifting sand bars. The tidal flow is rapid with a rate of 150 cm per second during the flooding tide and slightly slower during the ebb tide of 100 cm per second.

The passage has a return coefficient of 50%, meaning that half the amount of water that leaves the bay via the passage returns the same way on the flooding tide.

Amity, Queensland
Amity is a coastal town and locality on North Stradbroke Island in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Amity had a population of 453 people.

It is known as Bulan by the traditional owners, the Quandamooka people.
Maicol & Manuel
Maicol & Manuel (Miguel Muñoz and Manuel A. Pérez)  were a Puerto Rican reggaeton duo. They have their origins in the first wave of reggaeton artists as early as 1991. The duo have released countless songs on many various artists compilations. They worked with DJ Eric Industry and DJ Negro. In addition they have recorded and released albums such as Yakaleo and El Desquite.

Alberto Stylee
Carlos Alberto Pizarro, known professionally as Alberto Stylee, is a Puerto Rican reggaetón singer and songwriter. While his career began with hip-hop and reggae-influenced music, he is most famous for being one of the early pioneers of the reggaetón genre, with hits such as "Posición" with Daddy Yankee (1997), "Vengo Acabando" (1997), "Perros y Gatos" (2002), "Sin Ti No Puedo Vivir" with Nicky Jam (2004), "Te Imagino" (2012) and "Perdona" (2014).
Greek economic miracle
The Greek economic miracle (Greek: Ελληνικό οικονομικό θαύμα) describes a period of rapid and sustained economic growth in Greece from 1950 to 1973. At its height, the Greek economy grew by an average of 7.7 percent, second in the world only to Japan.

Economic miracle
Economic miracle is an informal economic term for a period of dramatic economic development that is entirely unexpected or unexpectedly strong. Economic miracles have occurred in the recent histories of a number of countries, often those undergoing an economic boom or described as a tiger economy.
Miyota, Nagano
Miyota (御代田町, Miyota-machi) is a town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the town had an estimated population of 15,562 in 6897 households, and a population density of 260 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 58.79 square kilometres (22.70 sq mi).

Saku, Nagano
Saku (佐久市, Saku-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 97,454 in 41,522 households, and a population density of 230 persons per km². The total area of the city is 423.51 square kilometres (163.52 sq mi).
Domžale radio transmitter
The Domžale radio transmitter is a former facility for medium wave broadcasting in Domžale, in Slovenia. The transmitter is fully transistorized. It could be received easily at a medium wave frequency of 918 kHz across the whole of Europe at night-time. It was the strongest radio transmitter of the Republic of Slovenia, broadcasting the first national radio channel.

Domžale
Domžale (Slovene pronunciation: [dɔmˈʒàːlɛ] ⓘ; German: Domschale) is a town and the seat of the Municipality of Domžale in Slovenia. The town lies near the foothills of the Kamnik Alps and is crossed by the Kamnik Bistrica River. It includes the neighborhoods of Zgornje Domžale (pronounced [ˈzɡóːɾnjɛ dɔmˈʒàːlɛ]; German: Oberdomschale), Spodnje Domžale (pronounced [ˈspóːdnjɛ dɔmˈʒàːlɛ]; German: Unterdomschale), and Študa. Domžale is known today for its small businesses, agriculture, and light industry.
Wakatehāua Island
Wakatehāua Island is a very small island, beside Te-Oneroa-a-Tōhē / Ninety Mile Beach, one of only two Northland west coast islands (the other being Matapia Island, further up the beach). As the island looked like a canoe, it was given the name Te Waka e Haua. The area may have been populated from the 14th century. Senecio repangae grows on the island. In 1935 tree stumps were exposed, which it was suggested showed evidence that the island had been part of the mainland until they were covered by sand.

The island was being used for camping in 1935. In 1936 the Ministry of Works blasted some rocks to allow driving along the beach by the island at most states of tide.

Ninety Mile Beach, New Zealand
Te-Oneroa-a-Tōhē / Ninety Mile Beach is on the western coast of the far north of the North Island of New Zealand. The beach is actually 88 kilometres (55 miles) long. Its southern end is close to the headland of Tauroa Point (Reef Point), to the west of Ahipara Bay, near Kaitaia. From there it sweeps briefly northeast before running northwest along the Aupōuri Peninsula for the majority of its length. It ends at Tiriparepa / Scott Point, 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Cape Maria van Diemen and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua.

The beach is officially a public highway and is used as an alternative to State Highway 1 north of Kaitaia, though mainly for tourist trips, or when the main road is closed due to landslides or floods. The beach and the dunes at Te Paki in the north are a tourist destination. The Te Paki dunes, which look much like a desert landscape, are used for sandboarding.
Mount Carmel
Mount Carmel (Hebrew: הַר הַכַּרְמֶל, romanized: Har haKarmel; Arabic: جبل الكرمل, romanized: Jabal al-Karmil), also known in Arabic as Mount Mar Elias (Arabic: جبل مار إلياس, romanized: Jabal Mār Ilyās, lit. 'Mount Saint Elias/Elijah'; Hebrew: הַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ אֵלִיָּהוּ, romanized: Har haQadosh Eliyahu), is a coastal mountain range in northern Israel stretching from the Mediterranean Sea towards the southeast. The range is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. A number of towns are situated there, most notably Haifa, Israel's third largest city, located on the northern and western slopes.

Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (Biblical Hebrew: עמק יזרעאל, romanized: ʿĒmeq Yizrəʿēl, LXX Koine Ιεζραελ), or Marj ibn Amir (Arabic: مرج ابن عامر, romanized: Marj ibn ʿĀmir, lit. 'Meadow of ibn Amir') is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee, to the south by the highlands of Samaria, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center.
New Town, Szczecin
New Town (Polish: Nowe Miasto; German: Neustadt) is an  administrative neighbourhood of the city of Szczecin, Poland, situated on the left bank of Oder river, in Śródmieście district. It borders Turzyn to the west, Śródmieście-Zachód, Centrum and Stare Miasto to the north, Międzyodrze-Wyspa Pucka to the east, and Pomorzany to the south. As of January 2011 it had a population of 8092.

Śródmieście-Zachód
Śródmieście-Zachód (Polish: [ɕrudˈmjɛɕ.t͡ɕɛ ˈza.xut]; lit. 'Downtown-West') is a municipal neighbourhood in the city of Szczecin, Poland, within the Downtown district. It is a mid-rise housing estate dominated by tenement houses. The neighbourhood has an area of 0.53 km2, and in 2022, was inhabited by 12,114 people. The area was developed in the 19th century, with construction of tenement houses. Within its boundaries are located the Pionier 1907, one of the oldest continuously operated cinemas in the world, dating to 1909, and a portion of a campus of the West Pomeranian University of Technology.
Chaeronea railway station
Chaeronea railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Χαιρώνειας, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Cheroneia) is a railway station situated 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) north of Chaeronea, Greece. The station opened on 8 March 1904. It is served by local trains to Athens and Leianokladi.

Chaeronea
Chaeronea (English: /ˌkɛrəˈniːə/ Greek: Χαιρώνεια Chaironeia, Ancient Greek: [kʰai̯rɔ̌ːneːa]) is a village and a former municipality in Boeotia, Greece, located about 35 kilometers east of Delphi. The settlement was formerly known as Kópraina (Κόπραινα), and renamed to Chairóneia (Χαιρώνεια) in 1916. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Livadeia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 111.445 km2, the community is 26.995 km2. Population 993 (2021). It is located near Mount Thourion in the Cephissus river valley, NW of Thebes.
Kjelvatnet (Fauske)
Kjelvatnet (Norwegian) or Giebbnejávrre (Lule Sami) is a lake in Fauske Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 3.85-square-kilometre (1.49 sq mi) lake lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the village of Sulitjelma near the border with Junkerdal National Park. Water flows into the lake from the large lake Balvatnet (in Saltdal Municipality) and it flows out of the lake to the north along the Balmi River to the lake Langvatnet.

Fauske Municipality
Fauskeⓘ (Norwegian) or Fuossko (Lule Sami) is a municipality located in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Fauske. Some of the villages in Fauske include Nystad, Venset, Straumsnes, Sjønstå, Valnesfjord, Finneid, and Sulitjelma.

The municipality borders Sweden in the east, Sørfold Municipality to the north, Bodø Municipality to the west, and Saltdal Municipality to the southeast. The town is located on the northern shore of Skjerstad Fjord.

The 1,197-square-kilometre (462 sq mi) municipality is the 90th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fauske Municipality is the 116th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,827. The municipality's population density is 8.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (21/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Puquina language
Puquina (or Pukina) is an extinct language once spoken in the region surrounding Lake Titicaca (Peru and Bolivia) and in the north of Chile. It is often associated with the culture that built Tiwanaku.

A Puquina substrate can be found in the Quechuan and Spanish languages spoken in the south of Peru, mainly in Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna, as well as in Bolivia. There also seem to be remnants in the Kallawaya language, which may be a mixed language formed from Quechuan languages and Puquina.

Sometimes the term Puquina is used for the Uru language, which is distinctly different.

Kallawaya language
Kallawaya, also Callahuaya or Callawalla (Callawalla: Machaj Juyai, meaning 'folk language' or 'speech of the men'), is an endangered, secret, mixed language in Bolivia; another name sometimes used for the language is Pohena. It is spoken by the Kallawaya people, a group of traditional itinerant healers in the Andes in their medicinal healing practice living in Charazani, the highlands north of Lake Titicaca, and Tipuani.
Alaska Syndicate
In an effort to thwart statehood and Alaskan home rule from Washington D.C., the Alaska Syndicate, was formed in 1906 by J. P. Morgan and Simon Guggenheim. The Syndicate purchased the Kennicott-Bonanza copper mine and had majority control of the Alaskan steamship and rail transportation. The syndicate also was in charge of a large part of the salmon industry.

Kennecott, Alaska
Kennecott, also known as Kennicott and Kennecott Mines, is an abandoned mining camp in the Copper River Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska that was the center of activity for several copper mines. It is located beside the Kennicott Glacier, northeast of Valdez, inside Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. The camp and mines are now a National Historic Landmark District administered by the National Park Service.

It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1986.
Dayfa Khatun
Dayfa Khatun (Arabic: ضيفة خاتون; died 1242) was a Kurdish Ayyubid princess, and the regent of Aleppo from 26 November 1236 to 1242, during the minority of her grandson An-Nasir Yusuf. She was an Ayyubid princess, as the daughter of Al-Adil, Sultan of Egypt. She married her first cousin, Az-Zahir Ghazi, Emir of Aleppo, which marked the end of the rivalry between the two branches of the family.

During her minor grandson's reign, Khatun achieved an unprecedented measure of autonomous political influence. She acted as regent during the minority of her grandson, which was a highly unusual position for a woman in an Islamic dynasty, and played a major role in architectural patronage in Aleppo, being responsible for the construction of the Firdaws Madrasa.

Al-Zahir Ghazi
Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Kurdish Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216. He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern Syria and a small part of Mesopotamia.
Thandlät
Thandlät is a mountain to the west of Kusawa Lake in the Yukon. The first of the Yukon Ice Patches archaeological study artifacts to be discovered in 1997, was an atlatl dart fragment, which was located at an elevation of 1850 m on the mountain.

Yukon Ice Patches
The Yukon Ice Patches are a series of dozens of ice patches in the southern Yukon discovered in 1997, which have preserved hundreds of archaeological artifacts, with some more than 9,000 years old. The first ice patch was discovered on the mountain Thandlät, west of the Kusawa Lake campground which is 60 km (37 mi) west of Whitehorse, Yukon. The Yukon Ice Patch Project began shortly afterwards with a partnership between archaeologists in partnership with six Yukon First Nations, on whose traditional territory the ice patches were found. They include the Carcross/Tagish First Nation, the Kwanlin Dün First Nation, the Ta’an Kwäch’än Council, the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations, the Kluane First Nation, and the Teslin Tlingit Council.
Jether
Jether (Hebrew: יֶ֣תֶר) is a name mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible. It means "surplus" or "excellence".

The father-in-law of Moses (Exodus 4:18 marg.), called elsewhere Jethro or Jothor.

The oldest of Gideon's seventy sons, who was asked to kill the Midianite kings Zebah and Zalmunna who had been captured by Gideon. Being still young at the time, he did not have the confidence to carry out his father's request, so Zebah and Zalmunna called on Gideon to perform the deed himself (Judges 8:20–21). The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges suggests that the task might have been an opportunity for Gideon "to bestow an honour upon his son" or to "humiliate these famous warriors" and notes William Robertson Smith's comparison with Exodus 24:5, where young men of the children of Israel were to make the sacrificial offerings.

The father of Amasa, David's general (1 Kings 2:5, 32); called Ithra (2 Sam. 17:25).

1 Chr. 7:38.

1 Chr. 2:32; one of Judah's posterity.

1 Chr. 4:17.

Jethro (biblical figure)
In the Hebrew Bible, Jethro was Moses's father-in-law, a Kenite shepherd and priest of Midian, sometimes called Reuel (or Raguel). In Exodus, Moses' father-in-law is initially referred to as "Reuel" (Exodus 2:18) but afterwards as "Jethro" (Exodus 3:1). He was also identified as the father of Hobab in Numbers 10:29, though Judges 4:11 identifies him as Hobab.

Druze identify Jethro with the prophet Shuayb, also said to come from Midian. For the Druze, Shuayb is considered the most important prophet, and the ancestor of all Druze.
Turpinia
Turpinia is a genus of trees and shrubs in family Staphyleaceae, native to Asia and North, Central, and South America.

As of December 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:

Turpinia brachypetala (Schltr.) B.L.Linden

Turpinia doanii T.Ð.Ðai & Yakovlev

Turpinia hatuyenensis T.Ð.Ðai & Yakovlev

Turpinia malabarica Gamble

Turpinia montana (Blume) Kurz

Turpinia occidentalis (Sw.) G.Don

Turpinia parvifoliola L.O.Williams

Turpinia paucijuga Lundell

Turpinia pentandra (Schltr.) B.L.Linden

Turpinia picardae Urb.

Turpinia simplicifolia Merr.

Staphyleaceae
Staphyleaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Crossosomatales, native to Europe, temperate and tropical Asia and the Americas.  The largest genus Staphylea, which gives the family its name, contains the "bladdernut" trees. The family includes three genera with more than 40 known species.
Lumberman's Monument
Lumberman's Monument is a monument in Oscoda Township, Michigan, United States. It is dedicated to the workers of the early logging industry in Michigan. Standing at 14 feet (4.27 m), the bronze statue by Robert Ingersoll Aitken features a log surrounded by three figures: a timber cruiser holding a compass, a sawyer with his saw slung over his shoulder, and a river rat resting his peavey on the ground. The granite base of the statue is engraved with a memorial that reads "Erected to perpetuate the memory of the pioneer lumbermen of Michigan through whose labors was made possible the development of the prairie states." It is also inscribed with the names of the logging families who dedicated their time and efforts to the industry in the area. It was built in 1931, dedicated in 1932 and is managed by the USDA Forest Service. The monument is located along the River Road Scenic Byway, a 22-mile (35 km) drive between Oscoda and South Branch that runs parallel with the Au Sable River.

River Road National Scenic Byway
The River Road National Scenic Byway (also called the River Road National Forest Scenic Byway) is a National Scenic Byway and National Forest Scenic Byway in the US state of Michigan. This 23+1⁄2-mile-long (37.8 km) byway follows M-65 and River Road; it extends eastward into the Huron National Forest and ends in the historic community of Oscoda near  Lake Huron. The road parallels the historic Au Sable River (French: Rivière aux Sable, "River of Sand") which has historically been a major transportation route for floating Michigan's giant white pine from the forest to the saw mill towns on Lake Huron. Along its course, the roadway offers access to several recreational areas as well as the local scenery. The section of the River Road that follows M-65 was added to the State Trunkline Highway System in the 1930s. The River Road was given National Forest Scenic Byway status in 1988, and National Scenic Byway status in 2005.
Hunt family murders
On 9 July 2024, three members of the Hunt family—Carol Hunt and two of her daughters, Hannah and Louise Hunt—were killed in their home in Bushey, Hertfordshire, by Louise's ex-boyfriend Kyle Clifford. The subsequent manhunt lasted until the next day, ending when Clifford was found injured near his home in the London Borough of Enfield. For the murders, Clifford was given a whole-life sentence on 11 March 2025.

John Hunt (sports commentator)
John Hunt (born 1965) is a British sports commentator. Most often providing racing commentary, Hunt is also the regular commentary provider for the BBC's coverage of the Winter Olympic Games' opening ceremonies and sliding events, as well as for swimming at the Summer Olympic Games.
Franklin (TV series)
Franklin is an animated preschool educational children's television series, based on the Franklin the Turtle books by Brenda Clark and Paulette Bourgeois, and co-produced by Nelvana Limited. It was followed up by a CGI adaptation, Franklin and Friends.

The animated series has also produced several books like Little Bear. television films: Franklin and the Green Knight (2000), Franklin's Magic Christmas (2001) and Back to School with Franklin (2003), alongside a theatrical movie: Franklin and the Turtle Lake Treasure (2006), all of which were co-produced by Nelvana Limited.

Brenda Clark
Brenda Clark (born February 10, 1955) is a Canadian illustrator, perhaps best known for her work on the Franklin the Turtle series of children's books.

She was born in Toronto and studied illustration at Sheridan College. She now lives in Port Hope.

Several books in the Franklin series have received awards from the Canadian Children's Book Centre. An animated television series Franklin based on the Franklin the Turtle books appeared on Canadian and American television. Canada Post issued a stamp featuring Franklin the Turtle in 2012. A second television series Franklin and Friends appeared in more than fifteen countries.

Clark was named to the Order of Canada in 2014.