hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cathedral Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul (Philadelphia)
The Cathedral Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul is the see church for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia in the United States. Located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the cathedral was dedicated in 1864 and designated a minor basilica by the Vatican in 1976.

The basilica is the largest Catholic church in the State of Pennsylvania, with a seating capacity of 2,000.

Saints Peter and Paul was designed by Napoleon LeBrun. Construction began in 1846. Its dome and Palladian facade, designed by John Notman, were added after 1850. The interior was decorated by Constantino Brumidi. Construction finished in 1864.

The cathedral is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It has hosted papal masses by Pope John Paul II and Pope Francis. As of 2025, the rector of the basilica is Reverend Gerald Dennis Gill.

James Frederick Wood
James Frederick Bryan Wood (April 27, 1813 – June 20, 1883) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the fifth Bishop and first Archbishop of Philadelphia, serving between 1860 and his death in 1883.
Kamano Island
Kamano Island is an island in the Queen Charlotte Strait-Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, located east of Harbledown Island and between Turnour Island (N) and Village Island (S).

Also historically named Coffin Island, it is the location of Coffin Island Indian Reserve No. 3, which is under the governance of the Tlowitsis Nation. There is another Coffin Island at the tip of the headland in front of Ladysmith Harbour on southern Vancouver Island.

Tlowitsis Nation
The Tlowitsis Nation, formerly the Klowitsis Tribe, the Turnour Island Band and the Tlowitsis-Mumtagila First Nation, is the Indian Act band government of the Ławit'sis (Tlowitsis) tribe of the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples, located in the Queen Charlotte Strait-Johnstone Strait area in the Discovery Islands between Vancouver Island and the British Columbia mainland in Canada.  Ławit'sis territory covers parts of northern Vancouver Island, Johnstone Strait, and adjoining inlets of the mainland. Kalugwis, on Turnour Island, was their principal community in times past, but the band's offices are in the city of Campbell River to the southeast.  Hanatsa IR No. 6 on Port Neville is the most populated of the band's Indian reserves.
Restaurant
A restaurant is a business that prepares and serves food and beverages to customers. Meals are generally served and eaten on the premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services. Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings, featuring a wide variety of cuisines and service models — ranging from inexpensive fast-food restaurants and cafeterias to mid-priced family restaurants to high-priced luxury establishments.

Waiting staff
Waiting staff (BrE), waiters (MASC) / waitresses (FEM), or servers (AmE) are those who work at a restaurant, a diner, or a bar and sometimes in private homes, attending to customers by supplying them with food and drink as requested. Waiting staff follow rules and guidelines determined by the manager. Waiting staff carry out many different tasks, such as taking orders, food-running, polishing dishes and silverware, helping bus tables, entertaining patrons, restocking working stations with needed supplies, and handing out the bill.

Waiting on tables is part of the service sector and among the most common occupations. In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics estimated that, as of May 2023, there were about 2.2 million people employed as servers in the country.

Many restaurants choose a specific uniform for their waiting staff to wear. Waiting staff may receive tips as a minor or major part of their earnings, with customs varying widely from country to country.
WXIN (Rhode Island College)
"WXIN" (90.7 FM) is the student campus radio broadcast service of Rhode Island College. It operates a part 15 FM transmitter on the property of Rhode Island College, in North Providence, Rhode Island, United States. In addition, WXIN streams its programming on Twitch under RICRadioStudio01. The stream is also picked up and played over speakers at various locations throughout the campus. The station also does podcasting through the name "NIXM" and can be found on Spotify and SoundCloud.

WXIN is a team-oriented organization that strives to create a welcoming and safe space for RIC students as well as visitors who attend their events. The team aims to bring music to the Rhode Island campus through radio shows, live music events, and DJing. As well as supporting local musicians, encouraging creativity, and providing opportunities for our team members to get involved in the local music scene. The organization stays active on Instagram (@ricradio) to encourage community involvement.

Rhode Island College
Rhode Island College (RIC) is a public college in Rhode Island, United States, with much of the land in Providence, and other parts in North Providence. The college was established in 1854 as the Rhode Island State Normal School, making it the second-oldest institution of higher education in Rhode Island after Brown University. Located on a 180-acre (73 ha) campus, the college has a student body of 6,000. RIC is a member of the NCAA and has 17 Division III teams.
Euphorbia tenax
Euphorbia tenax is a  species of Euphorbia endemic to South Africa, where it occurs in the Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces, around Kotzesrus and southwards as far as Nieuwoudtville and Cape Town. 
Its preferred habitat is sand Fynbos and Succulent Karoo on shale-derived slopes.

This species is one of several closely related "stick euphorbias", including Euphorbia burmanii, Euphorbia rhombifolia and Euphorbia stolonifera, which are widespread in southern Africa.

Euphorbia rhombifolia
Euphorbia rhombifolia is a species of flowering plant in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is native to Namibia and South Africa, where it is widespread in clay-rich soils, extending as far east as Kwazulu-Natal.

As most other succulent members of the genus Euphorbia, its trade is regulated under Appendix II of CITES.
Joseph K. Taussig Jr.
Joseph Knefler Taussig Jr. (May 28, 1920 – December 14, 1999) was a United States Navy officer during and after World War II, and a Navy civilian official in the 1980s. He was the great-grandson of Brigadier General Frederick Knefler, grandson of Rear Admiral Edward David Taussig, son of Vice Admiral Joseph Taussig, and son-in-law of Admiral Robert Carney. He was also the brother-in-law of Commander George Philip, namesake of USS George Philip.

Joseph Taussig
Joseph Knefler Taussig (30 August 1877 – 29 October 1947) was a  vice admiral in the United States Navy. He served in the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, China Relief Expedition, Cuban Pacification, World War I, Second Nicaraguan Campaign,  and World War II.
Herndon, Virginia
Herndon is a town in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. Located in Northern Virginia, it is part of the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. In 2020, the population at the census was 24,655, which makes it the largest of three incorporated towns in the county.

William Lewis Herndon
William Lewis Herndon (25 October 1813 – 12 September 1857) was an American naval officer and explorer. In 1851 he led a United States expedition to the Valley of the Amazon, and prepared a report published in 1854 and distributed widely as Exploration of the Valley of the Amazon.

He was noted especially for ensuring the rescue of 152 women and children when commanding the commercial mail steamer Central America in September 1857. During a three-day hurricane off the coast of North Carolina, the ship lost power. Herndon arranged for getting some women and children safely off the ship to another vessel. With no way to save the ship, Herndon chose to stay with more than 400 passengers and crew who drowned as the ship sank off Cape Hatteras on September 12. It was the largest loss of life in a commercial ship disaster in United States history.

Two years later, his daughter Ellen Lewis Herndon married Chester A. Arthur, the future U.S. president.
Operation Riviresa
Operation Riviresa (Operation Sunrays), was a combined military operation launched by the Sri Lankan Armed Forces in Jaffna. Starting on 17 October 1995, the primary objective of the operation was the capture of the city of Jaffna and rest of the Jaffna Peninsula from the LTTE (the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, better known as the Tamil Tigers). It is believed that Operation Riviresa was the largest and most successful military operation in Sri Lankan Armed Forces during the Third Eelam War.

Eelam War III
Eelam War III is the name given to the third phase of armed conflict between the Sri Lankan military and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).

After the period of 100 days cease-fire the hostilities broke out on 19 April 1995. The LTTE - Sea Tigers planted explosives in two gun boats known as SLNS 'Sooraya' and 'Ranasuru', and blew them up.

Also, a new weapon "Stinger", a shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missile was used in this conflict by the LTTE. This was used to take down two Sri Lankan Air Force AVRO aircraft flying over the Jaffna peninsula.

Eelam War III also marked the rising success of the LTTE, as they managed to capture key districts such as Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu, and took over the Elephant Pass base. With the path clear towards the Muhumalai and Nagarkovil FDLs, the LTTE launched Operation Unceasing Waves IV in efforts to capture the Jaffna peninsula.

By the end of Eelam War III, the LTTE had control of nearly 30% of the entire island.
Out Spaced
Out Spaced is a 1998 B-sides and early releases album by the Super Furry Animals. First editions of the album were in rubber case shaped like a nipple.

The first track is notable for containing a sweary sample and still being released as a single; BBC Radio's attempt at censoring the track resulted in the last minute or two of the song being almost one long silence. The last track, "Blerwytirhwng" (Welsh for "Where are You Between?") is also notable in that it contains a more than five-minute-long outro of looped sci-fi noises.

According to Gruff Rhys the band "had to painfully omit some songs to compile Out Spaced as an album in its own right".

Moog Droog
Moog Droog is the second EP by the Super Furry Animals.  It was originally released in October 1995 by the Welsh label Ankst Records, and reissued in May 1997. The two releases have different covers: the original version depicts a faceless humanoid brushing dust under a carpet, while the "export" version simply has a red/orange bear drawn on a blue background.
Douroula
Douroula is a town in Burkina Faso. It is the county seat of Douroula Department in the  province Mouhoun.

Near the town are ruins of a smelting furnace and evidence of ferrous metallurgy dating back to the 8th century BC. This is the oldest confirmed metallurgy site in Burkina Faso discovered to date. Because of this, on 5 July 2019, Douroula was inscribed along with other ancient metallurgy complexes Tiwêga, Yamané, Kindibo and Békuy on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso.

Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso
The Ancient Ferrous Metallurgy Sites of Burkina Faso (French: Sites de métallurgie ancienne du fer du Burkina Faso) are a collection of ancient metallurgy sites across five locations in the Nord and Centre-Nord regions of Burkina Faso, used to extract iron from ore. The oldest of these structures are dated from roughly 800 BC, making them the most ancient known examples of metallurgy in Burkina Faso. In 2019, the sites were registered as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, because of the exemplary evidence of ancient metalworking. Unlike other sites that are listed by UNESCO, these were chosen because it's a clear relationship between direct iron smelting (as opposed to only iron reduction") and early human society. They were able to create an efficient way to mass produce iron during a pre-industrial Africa.
Chrysoperla carnea
Chrysoperla carnea, one of the species of common green lacewing, is an insect in the Chrysopidae family. Although the adults feed on nectar, pollen and aphid honeydew, the larvae are active predators and feed on aphids and other small insects. It has been used in the biological control of insect pests on crops.

Chrysoperla carnea was originally considered to be a single species with a holarctic distribution but it has now been shown to be a complex of many cryptic, sibling subspecies. These are indistinguishable from each other morphologically but can be recognised by variations in the vibrational songs the insects use to communicate with each other, which they especially  do during courtship.

Chrysopidae
Green lacewings are insects in the large family Chrysopidae of the order Neuroptera. There are about 85 genera and (differing between sources) 1,300–2,000 species in this widespread group. Members of the genera Chrysopa and Chrysoperla are very common in North America and Europe; they are very similar and many of their species have been moved from one genus to the other time and again, and in the nonscientific literature assignment to Chrysopa and Chrysoperla can rarely be relied upon. Since they are the most familiar neuropterans to many people, they are often simply called "lacewings". Since most of the diversity of Neuroptera are properly referred to as some sort of "lacewing", common lacewings is preferable.
Lo Wu
Lo Wu (Chinese: 羅湖) is an area in North District, New Territories, Hong Kong. It lies on the border between Hong Kong and mainland China, specifically the Luohu District of Shenzhen in mainland China. The area is most notable as the location of the most heavily used immigration control point for passengers travelling to and from mainland China. It is where the Lo Wu station is located.

Luohu, Shenzhen
Luohu District is a district of Shenzhen, China, located north of the New Territories of Hong Kong, east of Futian District, southeast of Longgang District, southwest of Pingshan District, and west of Yantian District. It is one of the oldest parts of the city, having represented Shenzhen as a fishing village before 1953 and a market town from 1953 to 1979, when Bao'an County was promoted to a prefecture-level city and renamed Shenzhen.
Paipai people
The Paipai (Pai pai, Pa'ipai, Akwa'ala, Yakakwal) are an Indigenous people of Mexico living in northern Baja California. Their traditional territory lies between the Kiliwa on the south and the Kumeyaay and Cocopa on the north, and extending from San Vicente near the Pacific coast nearly to the Colorado River's delta in the east. Today they are concentrated primarily at the multi-ethnic community of Santa Catarina in Baja California's Sierra de Juárez.

Cocopah
The Cocopah (Cocopah: Xawiƚƚ Kwñchawaay) are Native Americans who live in Baja California, Mexico, and Arizona, United States.

In the United States, Cocopah people belong to the federally recognized Cocopah Tribe of Arizona.
Ultimate Jet
Ultimate Jet, formerly Ultimate Jet Charters, was a private jet charter airline based in North Canton, Ohio, United States. It was the operating name of Ultimate Jetcharters LLC, an FAR Part 135 air charter carrier. Ultimate Jet operated charter passenger flights with their fleet of Citation X and Embraer ERJ135 aircraft. Ultimate Jet previously operated public charter flights on a published schedule, serving key business routes from Cincinnati Municipal Lunken Airport that were reduced by Delta Air Lines and Comair. The airline suspended scheduled service operations from late 2020 to mid 2021 and again from December 16, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business travel.

Martha's Vineyard migrant airlift
On September 14, 2022, Florida governor Ron DeSantis sent some 50 primarily Venezuelan asylum seekers by air from San Antonio, Texas, to the island of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. President Joe Biden and other Democrats called it "a political stunt and inhumane", while Republicans such as Mitch McConnell called it "a good idea".
Wildfire Games
Wildfire Games is an independent free software video game developer, originally founded as a modding team in 2001. The logo is the Chinese character "火" (fire). Wildfire Games is currently developing 0 A.D., a real-time strategy game. In addition to game development, Wildfire Games has developed the Pyrogenesis game engine used in 0 A.D. and separate mods.

0 A.D. (video game)
0 A.D. is a real-time strategy video game under development by Wildfire Games. It is a historical war and economy game focusing on the years between 500 BC and 1 BC, with the years between 1 AD and 500 AD planned to be developed in the future. The game is cross-platform, playable on Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD. It is free and open-source, composed entirely of free software and free media, using the GNU GPLv2 (or later) license for the game engine source code, and the CC BY-SA license for the game art and music.
Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle
Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle, is a co-educational grammar school with academy status in Horncastle, Lincolnshire, England. In 2009, there were 877 pupils, of whom 271 were in the sixth form.

Although royally chartered by Queen Elizabeth I in 1571, there had already been a school in Horncastle for 251 years. The original charter document, with its royal seal, remains in the custody of the school's governors.

The school's catchment area includes Horncastle and the surrounding area: Wragby, Bardney and Woodhall Spa to the west, the Lincolnshire Wolds to the north and east, and Coningsby.

Horncastle
Horncastle is a market town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district in Lincolnshire, England. It is 17 miles (27 km) east of Lincoln. Its population was 6,815 at the 2011 census, growing to an estimated 7,123 in 2019 and recorded as 7,291 in the 2021 census. A section of the ancient Roman walls remains.
ETV6
ETV6 (i.e. translocation-Ets-leukemia virus) protein is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the ETV6 (previously known as TEL) gene. The ETV6 protein regulates the development and growth of diverse cell types, particularly those of hematological tissues. However, its gene, ETV6 frequently suffers various mutations that lead to an array of potentially lethal cancers, i.e., ETV6 is a clinically significant proto-oncogene in that it can fuse with other genes to drive the development and/or progression of certain cancers. However, ETV6 is also an anti-oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in that mutations in it that encode for a truncated and therefore inactive protein are also associated with certain types of cancers.

Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma
Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC), also termed MASCSG, (the "SG" subscript indicates salivary gland) is a salivary gland neoplasm. It is a secretory carcinoma which shares the microscopic pathologic features with other types of secretory carcinomas including mammary secretory carcinoma, secretory carcinoma of the skin, and salivary gland–type carcinoma of the thyroid. MASCSG was first described by Skálová et al. in 2010. The authors of this report found a chromosome translocation in certain salivary gland tumors, i.e. a (12;15)(p13;q25) fusion gene mutation. The other secretory carcinoma types carry this fusion gene.
Alois Machek
Alois Machek (known in Serbian as Alojz Mahek/Алојз Махек) was a Czech football player and coach. Considered by Czech historiographers as one of the best Czech players prior First World War, he was responsible for the popularization of football in Serbia and Yugoslavia during the first two decades of the 20th century.

SK Jugoslavija
Sportski klub Jugoslavija (Serbian Cyrillic: Cпортски клуб Југославија), commonly known as Jugoslavija, was a Serbian football club based in Belgrade. It was originally formed as SK Velika Srbija in 1913 and changed its name to SK Jugoslavija in 1919. They were among the most popular Serbian and Yugoslav clubs, and they were nicknamed as "Crveni" (The Reds) because of their red shirts, in opposition to their greatest rivals BSK, who wore blue and were known as "Plavi" (The Blues). Until 1941 the sports society Jugoslavija, beside football, also included sections for athletics, cycling, winter sports, basketball, boxing, wrestling, swimming, and table tennis.
Mohawk Mountain Ski Area
Mohawk Mountain is a ski area located in Cornwall, Litchfield County, Connecticut. The ski area was built on the northwest slope of Mohawk Mountain by Walt Schoenknecht in 1947.  It is a popular destination for both day and night skiers and snowboarders in the tri-State area (NYC/CT/northern NJ). Mohawk Mountain is approximately a 95-mile (153 km) ride to Mohawk Mountain from Manhattan.  Like most ski areas on the East Coast south of Massachusetts, the resort has struggled with dependable snow in winter, and has depended on its efforts in creating and popularizing the snow gun and artificial snow.

Mohawk State Forest
Mohawk State Forest, also known as Mohawk State Forest/Mohawk Mountain State Park, encompasses over 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) in the towns of Cornwall, Goshen, and Litchfield in the southern Berkshires of Litchfield County, Connecticut. As overseen by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, the area is used for hiking, picnicking, and winter sports by the public, while being actively managed to produce timber and other forest products.
HD 102964
HD 102964, also known as B Centauri, is a single star in the southern constellation of Centaurus. It has the identifier HD 102964 in the Henry Draper catalogue; B Centauri is the star's Bayer designation. This object has an orange hue and is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.47. The star is located at a distance of approximately 440 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and has an absolute magnitude of −1.14.

This object is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of K3III, indicating the star has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded off the main sequence. At present it has 39 times the girth of the Sun. It is radiating 480 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,325 K.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Shenfield–Southend line
The Shenfield–Southend line is a branch line off the Great Eastern Main Line in Essex, in the east of England. It links Shenfield in the west to Southend Victoria, in Southend-on-Sea, in the east. The vast majority of services connect to or from the Great Eastern Main Line and its London terminus at Liverpool Street.

The line is part of the Network Rail Strategic Route 7, SRS 07.05, and is classified as a London and South East commuter line. Passenger services on the line are currently operated by Greater Anglia.

Railway electrification in Great Britain
Railway electrification in Great Britain began in the late 19th century. A range of voltages has been used, employing both overhead lines and conductor rails. The two most common systems are 25 kV AC using overhead lines, and the 750 V DC third rail system used in Southeast England and on Merseyrail. As of October 2023, 6,065 kilometres (3,769 mi) (38%) of the British rail network was electrified.

According to Network Rail, as at 2003, 64% of the electrified network used the 25 kV AC overhead system, and 36% used the 660/750 V DC third-rail system.