hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yotsugana
Yotsugana (四つ仮名; literally "four kana") are a set of four specific kana, じ, ぢ, ず, づ (in the Nihon-shiki romanization system: zi, di, zu, du), used in the Japanese writing system. They historically represented four distinct voiced morae (syllables) in the Japanese language. However, most dialects, such as Standard Japanese-speakers, have undergone mergers and now pronounce two sounds.

Nihon-shiki
Nihon-shiki (Japanese: 日本式ローマ字, Hepburn: Nihon-shiki rōmaji; lit. 'Japan-style Roman letters') is a romanization system for transliterating the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet. Among the major romanization systems for Japanese, it is the most regular one and has an almost one-to-one relation to the kana writing system. Its name is rendered Nihonsiki in the system itself.
Jim Grobe
Jim Britt Grobe (born February 17, 1952) is an American college football coach and former player who was most recently the defensive coordinator of the San Antonio Commanders of the Alliance of American Football. His previous position to that was as head football coach at Baylor University. From 2001 to 2013, Grobe served as the head football coach at Wake Forest University. In 2006, he was named ACC Coach of the Year by a unanimous vote and AP Coach of the Year for coaching Wake Forest to an 11–2 regular season and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) title.

2006 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team
The 2006 Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team represented Wake Forest University during the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Jim Grobe, in his fifth season at the school, and played its home games at Groves Stadium (now known as BB&T Field). The Deacons finished the regular season with a 10–2 record, giving them the first 10-win season in their history, and won the Atlantic Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The subsequent victory in the conference championship game gave Wake Forest their first conference championship in 36 years. As such, they represented the ACC in the Orange Bowl. The team ended the season with an 11–3 record and a number 17 ranking in the nation.

The team and its star linebacker Jon Abbate were the subject of a 2011 feature film, The 5th Quarter. Wake Forest not win the ACC's Atlantic Division again until 2021.
Psychoacoustics
Psychoacoustics is the branch of psychophysics involving the scientific study of the perception of sound by the human auditory system. It is the branch of science studying the psychological responses associated with sound, including noise, speech, and music. Psychoacoustics is an interdisciplinary field including psychology, acoustics, electronic engineering, physics, biology, physiology, and computer science.

Absolute threshold of hearing
The absolute threshold of hearing (ATH), also known as the absolute hearing threshold or auditory threshold, is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human ear with normal hearing can hear with no other sound present. The absolute threshold relates to the sound that can just be heard by the organism. The absolute threshold is not a discrete point and is therefore classed as the point at which a sound elicits a response a specified percentage of the time.

The threshold of hearing is generally reported in reference to the RMS sound pressure of 20 micropascals, i.e. 0 dB SPL, corresponding to a sound intensity of 0.98 pW/m2 at 1 atmosphere and 25 °C. It is approximately the quietest sound a young human with undamaged hearing can detect at 1 kHz. The threshold of hearing is frequency-dependent and it has been shown that the ear's sensitivity is best at frequencies between 2 kHz and 5 kHz, where the threshold reaches as low as −9 dB SPL.
Grand Coalition for Fiji
The Grand Coalition for Fiji, formerly known as the Grand Coalition Initiative Group, was a coalition of five predominantly indigenous Fijian political parties in Fiji, forged for the purpose of contesting the general election scheduled for 2006 under a single umbrella and forming a coalition government subsequently. Efforts to unite the ethnic Fijian parties were in part a response to their electoral defeat in 1999, when they had been split, enabling the Indian-backed FLP to win a landslide victory. Nevertheless, Tomasi Vakatora, the chairman of the Grand Coalition, publicly stated in February 2006 that it was open to sharing preferences with the predominantly Indian parties. By the time of the election, however, the coalition was virtually defunct.

Nationalist Vanua Tako Lavo Party
The Nationalist Vanua Tako Lavo Party (NVTLP) was a Fijian political party which championed Fijian ethnic nationalism.  It was led by Iliesa Duvuloco, while Viliame Savu served as the party's president.
Erlkönig (Schubert)
"Erlkönig", Op. 1, D 328, is a Lied composed by Franz Schubert in 1815, which sets Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's poem of the same name. The singer takes the role of four characters — the narrator, a father, his small son, and the titular "Erlking", a supernatural creature who pursues the boy — each of whom exhibit different tessitura, harmonic and rhythmic characteristics. A technically challenging piece for both performers and accompanists, "Erlkönig" has been popular and acclaimed since its premiere in 1821, and has been described as one of the "commanding compositions of the century".

Among Schubert's most famous works, the piece has been arranged by various composers, such as Franz Liszt (solo piano) and Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst (solo violin); Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, and Max Reger have orchestrated the piece.

Through-composed music
In the theory of musical form, through-composed music is a continuous, non-sectional, and non-repetitive piece of music. The term is typically used to describe songs, but can also apply to instrumental music.

While most musical forms such as ternary form (ABA), rondo form (ABACABA), and sonata form (ABA') rely on repetition, through-composed music does not re-use material (ABCD). This constant introduction of new material is most noticeable in musical settings of poems, in contrast to the often used strophic form (AAA). Through-composed songs have different music for each stanza of the lyrics. The direct German translation durchkomponiert is also used to indicate this concept.
Dagang, Tianjin
Dagang District (Chinese: 大港区; pinyin: Dàgǎng Qū; lit. 'Great Port District') was a former district of Tianjin, located at the city's southeast.  It had a population of 440,000 and occupied 1,113.83 km2 (430.05 sq mi) in size, with a coast line stretching approximately 25 km (16 mi) on the eastern side.

Established in 1979, Dagang has developed a foundation of petroleum chemistry and hosts Dagang Oilfield within its border. In November 2009 Binhai New Area was consolidated into a district, and the former subordinate districts of Tanggu, Hangu and Dagang were abolished.

Binhai, Tianjin
Binhai, fully known as Binhai New Area (Chinese: 滨海新区; pinyin: Bīnhǎi Xīn Qū),  abbreviated as Binhai and Bincheng, is a sub-provincial division, new area and special economic zone of China under the jurisdiction of Tianjin, People's Republic of China, located in the eastern coastal area of Tianjin, the center of the Bohai Economic Rim, with a total area of 2,270 square kilometers and a population of 2,067,300, It is the gateway to opening up to the outside world in northern China, a high-level modern manufacturing and R&D transformation base, a northern international shipping center and international logistics center, and a livable and ecological new urban area.

Binhai New Area is an important part of China (Tianjin) Pilot Free Trade Zone, a state-level new area, and a national comprehensive supporting reform pilot area.
Viwandani
Viwandani (Kata ya Viwandani, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward of the Dodoma Municipal Council of  the Dodoma Region in Tanzania. The ward is bordered to the north by the wards of Makole to the east and Kiwanja cha Ndege to the north. The Tambukareli ward is in the south. Uhuru, Chamwino, and Madukani wards are to the west. The ward is home the Gaddafi Mosque, Sabasaba Market and Nyerere Square. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 4,883.

Dodoma Municipal Council
Dodoma City District, officially the Dodoma Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya  Manispaaa ya Dodoma, in Swahili) is one of seven districts of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the west by Bahi District, and to the east by Chamwino District. It covers an area of 2,607 km2 (1,007 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of Luxembourg. Its administrative seat is the city of Dodoma, also the legislative capital of Tanzania. The 2012 National Tanzania Census states the population for the district as 410,956.
Fortunago
Fortunago is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 91 km south of Milan and about 42 km south of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 407 and an area of 18.0 km2.

Fortunago borders the following municipalities: Borgo Priolo, Borgoratto Mormorolo, Montesegale, Ruino, Val di Nizza. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Fortunago was also the location for the film Human Capital by Italian filmmaker Paolo Virzì. Some of the scenes of the film were shot at the Villa "La Dominante", placed in Montebelletto, in the nearby of the village.

Ruino
Ruino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 km south of Milan and about 30 km southeast of Pavia.

The center of the municipality is the village of Pometo. Pometo, whose population numbers  200, is known for bread production.

Ruino borders the following municipalities: Alta Val Tidone, Borgoratto Mormorolo, Canevino, Fortunago, Montalto Pavese, Rocca de' Giorgi, Val di Nizza, Valverde, Zavattarello.
Étienne de Poncher
Étienne de Poncher (1446–1524) was a French prelate and diplomat. After studying law he was early provided with a prebend, and became councillor at the parlement of Paris in 1485 and president of the Chambre des Enquêtes in 1498.

Elected bishop of Paris in 1503 at the instance of Louis XII, he was entrusted by the king with diplomatic missions in Germany and Italy. After being appointed chancellor of the Duchy of Milan, he became Keeper of the seals of France in 1512, and retained that post, until the accession of Francis I, who employed him on various diplomatic missions.

Poncher became archbishop of Sens in 1519. His Constitutions synodales was published in 1514.

Archdiocese of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: Archidioecesis Parisiensis; French: Archidiocèse de Paris) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on October 20, 1622. Before that date the bishops were suffragan to the archbishops of Sens.
Qi Baishi (crater)
Qi Baishi is a crater on Mercury. The crater was named after famed Chinese painter Qi Baishi. The crater has an asymmetric pattern of ejecta rays, which formed by an object traveling to the east or to the west and impacting Mercury's surface at a very low incidence angle. However, Qi Baishi crater is still roughly circular, which is in contrast to the elongated shape of neighboring Hovnatanian crater.

Qi Baishi was named by the IAU on Nov 20, 2008.

Hovnatanian (crater)
Hovnatanian is a crater on Mercury. Its “butterfly” pattern of ejecta rays were created by an impact at an even lower angle than that which formed neighboring Qi Baishi crater. From the "butterfly" pattern of rays (similar to Messier crater on the Moon), the Hovnatanian impactor was travelling either north-to-south or south-to-north prior to hitting Mercury's surface.  Hovnatanian lies to the west of Tir Planitia.

The crater was named in 2008 for Hakob Hovnatanyan, a 19th-century Armenian artist.
Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine
The Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 is a flat-six air-cooled automobile engine developed by General Motors (GM) in the late 1950s for use in the rear-engined Chevrolet Corvair of the 1960s. It was used in the entire Corvair line, as well as a wide variety of other applications.

The engine's use of air cooling made it appealing to aircraft amateur builders, and small-volume engine builders established a cottage industry modifying Corvair engines for aircraft.

Devin Enterprises
Devin Enterprises was an American automotive manufacturer that operated from 1955 to 1964. Devin was mainly known for producing high quality fiberglass car bodies that were sold as kits, but they also produced automotive accessories as well as complete automobiles. The company was founded by Bill Devin.

The assets and intellectual property of Devin Enterprises were acquired by Devin Sports Cars LLC of Glendale California U.S.A, incorporated in 2001.: 64  These assets and intellectual properties were then acquired in 2019 by Devin Sports Cars, LLC of Abington Pennsylvania U.S.A,  where they exist today.
Wuhan Center
30°35′48″N 114°14′23″E﻿ / ﻿30.59665°N 114.23967°E﻿ / 30.59665; 114.23967

Wuhan Center (simplified Chinese: 武汉中心; traditional Chinese: 武漢中心; pinyin: Wǔhàn Zhōngxīn) is a skyscraper in Wuhan near Wuhan Business District Station in Jianghan District, Wuhan, Hubei, China. The skyscraper's construction started in 2011, and was completed by 2019. The tower was topped out on April 16, 2015. It is the second tallest building in Central China, and the first building in Wuhan to exceed 300 m (980 ft).

Jianghan, Wuhan
Jianghan District (Chinese: 江汉区; pinyin: Jiānghàn Qū) forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China. The district is part of the historical Hankou.
Junction Theatre Company
The Junction Theatre Company was South Australia's first professional community theatre company, founded in 1984. It was located in the Adelaide suburb of Thebarton, until its closure in 2002. Its touring productions were performed in schools, factories and other workplaces, with the aim of reaching sections of the community who may not otherwise access theatre. In its early days it was a proponent of the Art and Working Life funding program. Geoff Crowhurst was its most prominent artistic director.

South Australian Ruby Awards
The South Australian Ruby Awards, also known as the Ruby Awards, are annual awards which recognise outstanding achievement in South Australia’s arts and culture sector. They were named in honour of arts champion Dame Ruby Litchfield (1912–2001) DBE.
Miguel Ángel Jiménez
Miguel Ángel Jiménez Rodríguez (born 5 January 1964) is a Spanish professional golfer. He has won 21 times on the European Tour, holds the records for the most starts on the European Tour and being the first player over 50 to win on the European Tour (2014 Open de Espana at age 50 years and 133 days) and has been a member of two victorious Ryder Cup teams.

Hong Kong Open (golf)
The Hong Kong Open is a golf tournament which is played on the Asian Tour, and formerly on the European Tour. It was founded in 1959 and in 1962 and was one of the five tournaments that made up the inaugural Far East Circuit, later known as the Asia Golf Circuit. It remained part of the circuit until 1996, before joining the Asian Tour, then known as the Omega Tour, in 1997. It became co-sanctioned by the European Tour in 2001, as part of the 2002 season.

The Hong Kong Open was played in spring from its inception until 1994, but since 1995 has usually been played towards the end of the year, in November or December, and as a result has often fallen into the following year's European Tour season.

Since taking its place on the European Tour the event has always been held at the Hong Kong Golf Club in Sheung Shui, New Territories. The Hong Kong Golf Association, Hong Kong PGA, and Chinese PGA receive a limited number of exemptions into the tournament for their members.
Mount Crawford (New Hampshire)
Mount Crawford is a mountain located in Coos County, New Hampshire, in the United States. The mountain is on a spur of Montalban Ridge within the White Mountains and overlooks Crawford Notch. It is accessible via the Davis Path, which climbs from Crawford Notch near the Notchland Inn. The Davis Path continues north up Montalban Ridge to Mount Washington.

Mount Crawford is in the Presidential Range–Dry River Wilderness. It is within the Saco River watershed, with the northern slopes draining to Sleeper Brook, the southern slopes draining to Raxor Brook, and the western slopes draining directly to the Saco. To the east is the connecting ridge to Mount Resolution on the crest of Montalban Ridge.

The Davis Path is named after its creator, Nathaniel T. P. Davis, who was the husband of Hannah Crawford. The couple lived at the time with Hannah's father, Abel Crawford, who owned the Crawford House inn at Hart's Location. Davis managed the inn for some time.

Presidential Range
The Presidential Range is a mountain range located in the White Mountains of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. It contains the highest peaks of the Whites, the most notable of which are named for American presidents, followed by prominent public figures of the 18th and 19th centuries. The Presidential Range is notorious for having some of the worst weather on Earth, mainly because of the unpredictability of high wind speeds and whiteout conditions on the higher summits. Because of the poor weather conditions, the Presidential Range is often used for mountaineering training for those who go on to climb some of the world's highest mountains, including K2 and Everest.

Mount Washington, long home of the highest winds recorded on the surface of the Earth at 231 mph (372 km/h), is the tallest at 6,288 ft (1,917 m), followed by neighboring peaks Mount Adams at 5,793 ft (1,766 m) and Mount Jefferson at 5,712 ft (1,741 m). The range is almost entirely in Coos County.
Peleus
In Greek mythology, Peleus (/ˈpiːliəs, ˈpiːljuːs/; Ancient Greek: Πηλεύς Pēleus) was a hero, king of Phthia, husband of Thetis and the father of their son Achilles. This myth was already known to the hearers of Homer in the late 8th century BC.

Pelion
Pelion or Pelium (Modern Greek: Πήλιο, Pílio; Ancient Greek/Katharevousa: Πήλιον, Pēlion) is a mountain at the southeastern part of Thessaly in northern Greece, forming a hook-like peninsula between the Pagasetic Gulf and the Aegean Sea. Its highest summit, Pourianos Stavros, is 1,624 metres (5,328 ft) amsl. The Greek National Road 38 (GR-38) runs through the southern portion of the peninsula and GR-38A runs through the middle.
Chambers-Strathy Batholith
The Chambers-Strathy Batholith, also called the Strathy-Chambers Batholith, is a large granitoid batholith complex in the Temagami region of Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Named for the Chambers and Strathy townships, its compositions range from pink to grey quartz monzonite to granodiorite and intrudes through rocks of the Temagami Greenstone Belt.

Strathy Township
Strathy Township is a square-shaped geographic township comprising a portion of the municipality of Temagami in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is used for geographic purposes, such as land surveying and natural resource explorations. At least four other geographic townships surround Strathy Township, namely Best Township, Cassels Township, Strathcona Township and Chambers Township.
Utstikkar Bay
In Antarctica, Utstikkar Bay is a bay 4 miles (6 km) wide, indenting the coast immediately east of Utstikkar Glacier.  It was first mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and was so named by them because the bay is contiguous with Utstikkar Glacier.

Utstikkar Glacier
In Antarctica, Utstikkar Glacier (67°33′S 61°18′E﻿ / ﻿67.550°S 61.300°E﻿ / -67.550; 61.300) is a broad glacier flowing north from the vicinity of Moyes Peak and terminating in Utstikkar Glacier Tongue between Utstikkar Bay to the east and Allison Bay to the west.

The glacier was mapped and named Utstikkarbreen (the out-jutting glacier) by Norwegian cartographers working from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition in January–February 1937.
Enjoi
Enjoi is a skateboarding company that specializes in manufacturing skateboard decks. The company is headquartered in Los Angeles, California, and is distributed by Dwindle Distribution. Founded in 2000 by Marc Johnson and Rodney Mullen, the brand is known for its humorous and satirical designs and has adopted a stylized panda as its logo.

Dwindle Distribution
Dwindle Distribution is an American skateboarding distributor based in El Segundo, California. It is a component of Transom Capital Group Limited. The company was founded by Steve Rocco and Rodney Mullen. Its formation is recognized as a key event in the creation of a skateboard company owned by people actively involved in the skateboarding lifestyle.
Matthew 4:3
Matthew 4:3 is the third verse of the fourth chapter  of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. This verse opens the section in Matthew dealing with the temptation of Christ by Satan. Jesus has been fasting for forty days and forty nights, and in this verse the devil gives Christ his first temptation by encouraging him to use his powers to get food.

Matthew 4
Matthew 4 is the fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament of Christian Bible. Many translations of the gospel and biblical commentaries separate the first section of chapter 4 (verses 1–11, Matthew's account of the Temptation of Christ by the devil) from the remaining sections, which deal with Jesus' first public preaching and the gathering of his first disciples.
Saʽd ibn ʽUbadah
Saʽd ibn ʽUbadah ibn Dulaym Al Ansari (Arabic: سعد بن عبادة بن دليم) (d. 637) was the chief of the Sa'ida clan of the Khazraj tribe in Medina in the early seventh century. He was later recognised as the chief of the whole Khazraj tribe, and then of all the Ansar. He was a prominent companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and made an abortive attempt to nominate himself as caliph of Islam after Muhammad's death.

Ansar (Islam)
The Ansar (Arabic: الأنصار, romanized: al-Anṣār, lit. 'The Helpers' or 'Those who bring victory'), also spelled Ansaar or Ansari, were the local inhabitants of Medina (mostly Muslims) who supported the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and his followers (the Muhajirun), when they fled from Mecca to Medina during the hijrah. The Ansar belonged to the Arabian tribes of Banu Khazraj and Banu Aws.
Nicolas Heurteloup
Nicolas Heurteloup was a French military physician and surgeon. He was born on 26 November 1750 in Tours (Indre-et-Loire ) and died in Paris on 27 March 1812. He succeeded Pierre-François Percy (1754–1825) as chief surgeon of the Grande Armée, and had himself as his successor Dominique-Jean Larrey (1766–1842). He was the father of physician Charles Louis Stanislas Heurteloup (1793–1864).

Charles Louis Stanislas Heurteloup
Charles Louis Stanislas Heurteloup (16 February 1793, in Paris – 1864) was a French physician. He was the son of military physician Nicolas Heurteloup (1750–1812).

He studied medicine in Paris, where he obtained his degree in 1823. He is credited for making improvements to instruments used in lithotripsy. Among his inventions was a lithotrite known as a percuteur courbe a marteau.

In Paris, he had as antagonists, fellow lithotritists Jean Civiale (1792–1867) and Jean-Jacques-Joseph Leroy d'Etiolles (1798–1860). In 1829, he traveled to England, where he performed the country's first lithotrity. While in London, he published "Principles of lithotrity" (1831).

Heurteloup also invented an "artificial leech", a device used to bleed sensitive regions around the eyes or the temples.