hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frascati
Frascati (pronounced [fraˈskaːti]) is a city and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Rome, on the Alban Hills close to the ancient city of Tusculum.  Frascati is closely associated with science, being the location of several international scientific laboratories.

Frascati produces the white wine with the same name. It is also a  historical and artistic centre.

Alban Hills
The Alban Hills (Italian: Colli Albani) are the caldera remains of a quiescent volcanic complex in Italy, located 20 km (12 mi) southeast of Rome and  about 24 km (15 mi) north of Anzio.  The 950 m (3,120 ft) high Monte Cavo forms a highly visible peak in the centre of the caldera, but the highest point is Maschio delle Faete approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) to the east of Cavo and 6 m (20 ft) taller. There are subsidiary calderas along the rim of the Alban Hills that contain the lakes Albano and Nemi. The hills are composed of peperino (lapis albanus), a variety of tuff that is useful for construction and provides a mineral-rich substrate for nearby vineyards.
Mike Shanahan
Michael Edward Shanahan (/ˈʃænəhæn/ SHAN-ə-han; born August 24, 1952) is an American former football coach, best known as the head coach of the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL) from 1995 to 2008. During his fourteen seasons with the Broncos, he led the team to two consecutive Super Bowl victories in XXXII and XXXIII; along with being the first Super Bowl championships in team history, they were the seventh team to win consecutive Super Bowls in NFL history. His head coaching career spanned a total of twenty seasons and also included stints with the Los Angeles Raiders and Washington Redskins. He is the father of San Francisco 49ers head coach Kyle Shanahan.

Art Shell
Arthur Lee Shell Jr. (born November 26, 1946) is an American former professional football player and coach. He played as an offensive tackle in the American Football League (AFL) and later in the National Football League (NFL) for the Oakland / Los Angeles Raiders. He played college football at Maryland State College—now University of Maryland Eastern Shore—and was drafted by the Raiders in the third round (80th overall) of the 1968 NFL/AFL draft. He was later a twice head coach for the Raiders. He holds the distinction of becoming the second African American head coach in the history of professional football and the first in the sport's modern era. Shell was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2013 and into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1989.
Yeni language
The Yeni language is an extinct language of Cameroon, formerly spoken around Djeni Mountain in the Nyalang area.  All that remains of the language, apparently, is a song remembered by some Sandani speakers.  However, according to Bruce Connell (the first linguist to report its existence, in 1995), comparison of the song's words to neighboring languages suggests that "it was closely related to [the Mambiloid languages] Cambap, Njerep, and Kasabe."

Mambiloid languages
The twelve Mambiloid languages are languages spoken by the Mambila and related peoples mostly in eastern Nigeria and  in Cameroon. In Nigeria the largest group is Mambila (there is also a small Mambila population in Cameroon).  In Cameroon the largest group is Vute.
Kingsburg High School
Kingsburg High School (KHS) is a public high school in Kingsburg, California, United States. The school is part of the Kingsburg Joint Union High School District. Its mascot is the Viking and its school colors are green and gold. As of 2018, the enrollment was 1,071 students.

The school's boundary includes Kingsburg and Traver.

Kingsburg, California
Kingsburg is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. Kingsburg is located 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Selma at an elevation of 302 feet (92 m), on the banks of the Kings River. The city is 21 miles (34 km) from Fresno, and about 130 miles (210 km) from the California Central Coast and Sierra Nevada mountain range. The population was 12,380 at the 2020 census.
Clovelly-class fleet tender
The Clovelly-class fleet tenders, also known as the Cartmel class, are a class of Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service boats built between 1967 and 1982. The class was named after villages and small towns in Great Britain. Six of the class, Clovelly, Ilchester, Instow, Invergordon, Ironbridge and Ixworth were equipped to act as diving tenders. Lydford was originally commissioned as A510 Loyal Governor, then renamed P252 Alert for service in Ulster until 1986.

Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service
The Royal Maritime Auxiliary Service (RMAS) was a British Government agency which ran a variety of auxiliary vessels for His Majesty's Naval Service (incl. Royal Navy, Royal Marines and Royal Fleet Auxiliary). The service from 2009 has been run by Serco and is known as Serco Marine Services.
CFDA-FM
CFDA-FM is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting an adult contemporary format at 101.9 FM in Victoriaville, Quebec. It shares the programming of sister station CKLD-FM in Thetford Mines.

The stations air the same programming at all times, although both stations produce a portion of the shared broadcast schedule from separate studios. Their CHR sister station CFJO-FM also produces programming in both cities, although it serves the region from a single 100-kilowatt transmitter.

Victoriaville
Victoriaville (French pronunciation: [viktɔʁjavil]) is a town in south-central Quebec, Canada, on the Nicolet River. Victoriaville is the seat of Arthabaska Regional County Municipality and a part of the Centre-du-Québec (Bois-Francs) region. It is formed by the 1993 merger of Arthabaska, Saint-Victoire-d'Arthabaska and Victoriaville, the name of the last being used for the merged town.
Labinot-Mal
Labinot-Mal is a village and a former municipality in the Elbasan County, central Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Elbasan. The population at the 2011 census was 5,291. The municipal unit consists of the villages Guri i Zi, Labinot-Mal, Serice, Lamolle, Bene, Lugaxhi, Qafe, Qerret, Shmil and Dritas.

Elbasan
Elbasan (/ˌɛlbəˈsɑːn/ EL-bə-SAHN, Albanian: [ɛlbaˈsan]; Albanian definite form: Elbasani, pronounced [ɛlbaˈsani]) is the fourth most populous city of Albania and seat of Elbasan County and Elbasan Municipality. It lies to the north of the river Shkumbin between the Skanderbeg Mountains and the Myzeqe Plain in central Albania.
Tiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency
Thiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency is a newly formed Lok Sabha (Parliament of India) constituency after the 2008 delimitation. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 1 of 39. It was formed after merging the assembly segments of Gummidipoondi, Ponneri (SC), Tiruvallur, and Poonamallee (SC), Madhavaram, which were earlier parts of Sriperumbudur constituency and the newly formed Avadi.

The constituency had previously existed for three elections from 1951 to 1962.

It is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC).

Avadi Assembly constituency
Avadi is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu, India, newly formed after the 2008 constituency delimitation. Its State Assembly Constituency number is 6. It consists of a portion of Avadi taluk and includes Avadi. It is included in Thiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency. It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu.
West Lynn, Norfolk
West Lynn is a suburb of King's Lynn in Norfolk, England, situated on the west bank of the River Great Ouse. It is linked to the main part of the town, on the east bank, either by a passenger ferry or via a more circuitous 4 kilometres (2 mi) road journey.

West Lynn was an ancient parish, and until 1935 it was outside the borough boundaries of King's Lynn. From 1894 it was the sole parish in King's Lynn Rural District. In 1931 the parish had a population of 931. The parish was abolished on 1 April 1935. The more built-up part, including the old West Lynn village, became part of the borough of King's Lynn. The rest of the former parish was transferred to Clenchwarton in Marshland Rural District.  It is in the South and West Lynn Ward of King's Lynn and West Norfolk Council.

West Lynn has a primary school and a range of basic services.

West Lynn Primary School received a "good" rating from Ofsted in 2019.

King's Lynn
King's Lynn, known until 1537 as Bishop's Lynn and colloquially as Lynn, is a port and market town in the borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 36 miles (58 km) north-east of Peterborough, 44 miles (71 km) north-north-east of Cambridge, 44 miles (71 km) west of Norwich, and about 5 miles (8 km) inland from The Wash estuary.
Punta Brava Lighthouse
Punta Brava Lighthouse (Spanish: Faro de Punta Brava), also known as Punta Carretas Lighthouse, is a lighthouse in Punta Carretas, Montevideo, Uruguay. It was erected in 1876.  The lighthouse has a height of 21 metres and its light reaches 15 nautical miles (28 kilometres) away, with a flash every ten seconds. In 1962, the lighthouse became electric. The lighthouse is important for guiding boats into the Banco Inglés, Buceo Port or the entrance of the Santa Lucía River, west of Montevideo city.

Banco Inglés
The 'Banco Inglés' (English: English Shoal) is a submarine rocky outcrop crowned by a shoal located in the Río de la Plata estuary. It is a rocky peak or ancient submerged granite islet that forms a natural barrier to the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, on which the alluvial silt carried by the Río de la Plata is deposited; this makes the silt a true semi-submerged island. It is located 10 nautical miles south of Flores Island.
Allactite
Allactite is a rare arsenate mineral of metamorphosed manganese zinc ore deposits. It is found in Sweden and New Jersey, US. Its name originated from the Greek αλλάκτειν (allaktein) meaning "to change", referring to the strong pleochroism of the mineral.

Arsenate mineral
Arsenate minerals usually refer to the naturally occurring orthoarsenates, possessing the (AsO4)3− anion group and, more rarely, other arsenates with anions like AsO3(OH)2− (also written HAsO42−) (example: pharmacolite Ca(AsO3OH).2H2O) or (very rarely) [AsO2(OH)2]− (example: andyrobertsite). Arsenite minerals are much less common. Both the Dana and the Strunz mineral classifications place the arsenates in with the phosphate minerals.

Example arsenate minerals include:

Annabergite Ni3(AsO4)2·8H2O

Austinite CaZn(AsO4)(OH)

Clinoclase Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3

Conichalcite CaCu(AsO4)(OH)

Cornubite Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4

Cornwallite Cu2+5(AsO4)2(OH)2

Erythrite Co3(AsO4)2·8H2O

Mimetite Pb5(AsO4)3Cl

Olivenite Cu2(AsO4)OH
Bhanwat
Bhanwat (or Bhā̃wat) is a village in Jagir block of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 10 km south of Mainpuri, on the north bank of the Kanpur branch of the Lower Ganga Canal. A bridge crosses the canal at the village. As of 2011, Bhanwat had a total population of 7,025, in 1,088 households.

Sagamai
Sagamai (Sagāmaī) is a village in Bhongaon tehsil of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of the community development block of Jagir, which comprises Sagamai plus 56 other villages. As of 2011, Sagamai had a population of 3,369, in 587 households.
Conrad II, Duke of Merania
Conrad II (died 8 October 1182) was the Duke of Merania (or Dalmatia) from 1159 until his death. He became Count of Dachau (as Conrad III) in 1172.

Conrad was the only child of Conrad I, Duke of Merania, and Matilda of Falkenstein. He was only a child when his father died and he inherited Merania. When he came of age, he received Dachau from his uncle Arnold. Contemporary documents call him dux de Dachawe or Dachau. Conrad II was the last Wittelsbach duke as he died without heirs and was buried in Scheyern beside his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather. Merania passed then to the House of Andechs.

Conrad I, Duke of Merania
Conrad I (died 18 February 1159) was the Duke of Merania from 1152 until his death. Thitherto he had been the advocate of St Andreas at Freising since 1150 and Count of Dachau (as Conrad II) from 1152.
Prospect Pictures
Prospect is an independent TV production company part of production and distribution group DCD Media.
Prospect has offices in London. The company produce a wide array of programming for the UK and international markets. Productions range from factual entertainment series and documentaries to long-running daytime shows.

Founded in 1988, Prospect built its reputation through being one of the UK ’s largest suppliers of lifestyle and cookery programming, most notably with ITV1's long-running 'Cooks!' series fronted by celebrity chef Antony Worrall Thompson.

In 2006, Prospect topped the Broadcast magazine "Indies League Table 2006" in the Factual Entertainment category.

In 2011 Prospect Cymru launched a new Topical Programming Unit specializing in current affairs and fast turnaround topical programming. In 2012 Prospect's programmes won 2 BAFTA Wales awards and 4 nominations, BAFTA Television and RTS nominations, and IFTA Irish Film & Television Festival.

DCD Media
DCD Media plc (formerly Digital Classics plc) is a UK and US based independent television production and distribution group headquartered in London and with offices in Los Angeles, London and Glasgow. The Group comprises a number of production companies working across all non fiction genres on both sides of the Atlantic, from primetime documentary, factual, factual entertainment and reality to drama documentary.

The production arm is supported by 2 international rights companies – DCD Rights and DCD Publishing. The Company floated on the London Stock Exchange's Alternative Investment Market in December 1999 and has since then developed through organic growth and acquisitions.
Bonavigo
Bonavigo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Venice and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,990 and an area of 17.8 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Bonavigo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bonavigo and Orti e Pilastro.

Bonavigo borders the following municipalities: Albaredo d'Adige, Angiari, Legnago, Minerbe, Roverchiara, and Veronella.

Legnago
Legnago (Italian pronunciation: [leɲˈɲaːɡo]; Venetian: Lenjago) is a town and comune in the Province of Verona, Veneto, northern Italy, with population (2012) of 25,439. It is located on the Adige river, about 43 kilometres (27 mi) from Verona. Its fertile land produces crops of rice, other cereals, sugar, and tobacco.
Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands
The Terai–Duar savanna and grasslands is a narrow lowland ecoregion at the base of the Himalayas, about 25 km (16 mi) wide, and a continuation of the Indo-Gangetic Plain in India, Nepal and Bhutan. It is colloquially called Terai in the Ganges Basin east to Nepal, then Dooars in West Bengal, Bhutan and Assam east to the Brahmaputra River. It harbours the world's tallest grasslands, which are the most threatened and rare worldwide.

Shuklaphanta National Park
Shuklaphanta National Park is a national park in the Terai of the Far-Western Region, Nepal, covering 305 km2 (118 sq mi) of open grasslands, forests, riverbeds and wetlands at an elevation of 174 to 1,386 m (571 to 4,547 ft). It is bounded by the Mahakali river in the west and south. A small part extends north of the Mahendra Highway to create a wildlife corridor for seasonal migration of wildlife into the Sivalik Hills. It was gazetted in 1976 as Royal Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve and was enlarged to its present size in the late 1980s. A buffer zone of 243.5 km2 (94.0 sq mi) was added in 2004. It receives a mean annual rainfall of 1,579 mm (62.2 in) and harbours 700 floral, 456 bird, 56 reptile and 15 amphibian species.
Hypoxis juncea
Hypoxis juncea (commonly known as fringed yellow star-grass and rushy hypoxis) is a star-grass species with leaves that are so narrow as to be comparable to thread. It is not a true grass, despite the common name. It is found in the United States on coastal plains from Florida + Alabama to North Carolina. The species is a facultative wetland perennial forb.

Hypoxis
Hypoxis  is a  genus of flowering plants of the family Hypoxidaceae. The genus has an "almost cosmopolitan" distribution, occurring in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Australia. Europe lacks native species. Most species are in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in southern Africa. Common names for the genus include star-grass, star lily, yellow stars, African potato, and stars. The genus is the largest of the Hypoxidaceae and has its centre of variation in South Africa, where it occurs in open undisturbed grasslands. The name Hypoxis was taken over by Linnaeus in 1759 from a name coined by Paul Reneaulme in 1611 for a superficially similar species of Gagea and meaning "a little sour", referring to the taste of that plant's leaves.
UTair Flight 120
UTair Flight 120 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Tyumen to Surgut, Russia. On 2 April 2012, the ATR-72 turboprop aircraft operating the flight crashed shortly after take-off from Roschino International Airport, killing 33 of the 43 people on board. Investigation carried out by the Russian Interstate Aviation Committee (MAK) revealed that the aircraft had not been de-iced prior to its take-off, even though it had been parked for hours in snowy condition. The crew of the flight were aware that ice and snow had accumulated on the aircraft, but decided not to de-ice it.

Utair
Utair (Russian: ОАО «Авиакомпания «ЮТэйр») (MCX: UTAR), formerly UTair, is a Russian airline with its head office at Khanty-Mansiysk Airport while its hubs are at Farman Salmanov Surgut Airport and Vnukovo International Airport. It operates scheduled domestic and some international passenger services, scheduled helicopter services, and extensive charter flights with fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters in support of the oil and gas industry across western Siberia. It is banned from flying in the EU.
Segunda Rosario
Segunda Rosario was a schooner involved in the slave trade which was captured in 1841.

In 1840 Segunda Rosario set sail for West Africa from Havana laden with tobacco and "ready made clothes". After arriving at the Pongo River, the ship took on board 288 enslaved Africans and set sail for Puerto Rico on 3 January 1841. On 27 January the ship was intercepted by Captain Alexander Milne of HMS Cleopatra. Amongst the papers found on the ship was a document signed by Niara Bely (aka Isabela Lightbourn) asserting that 40 of the slaves were for her son Joseph Lightbourn. A second document signed by Benjamin Campbell certifying that John Boson was a free native of Rio Pongo and that he had hired himself as cook for the vessel. These documents lead to an investigation of Campbell as regards his possible involvement in the slave trade, something which he strenuously denied.: 21

HMS Cleopatra (1835)
HMS Cleopatra was a 26-gun Vestal-class sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was built at Pembroke Dock and launched on 28 April 1835. She was to have been launched in July 1834 and fitted thereafter. Her complement was 152 officers and men, 33 boys, and 25 marines. She was broken up in February 1862.

Cleopatra was the second of three Vestal-class ships built between 1833 and 1836. The first was HMS Vestal and the third HMS Carysfort. She was acknowledged as a good handling fast boat during her early voyages.
Worldsheet
In string theory, a worldsheet is a two-dimensional manifold which describes the embedding of a string in spacetime. The term was coined by Leonard Susskind  as a direct generalization of the world line concept for a point particle in special and general relativity.

The type of string, the geometry of the spacetime in which it propagates, and the presence of long-range background fields (such as gauge fields) are encoded in a two-dimensional conformal field theory defined on the worldsheet. For example, the bosonic string in 26 dimensions has a worldsheet conformal field theory consisting of 26 free scalar bosons. Meanwhile, a superstring worldsheet theory in 10 dimensions consists of 10 free scalar fields and their fermionic superpartners.

Bosonic string theory
Bosonic string theory is the original version of string theory, developed in the late 1960s. It is so called because it contains only bosons in the spectrum.

In the 1980s, supersymmetry was discovered in the context of string theory, and a new version of string theory called superstring theory (supersymmetric string theory) became the real focus. Nevertheless, bosonic string theory remains a very useful model to understand many general features of perturbative string theory, and many theoretical difficulties of superstrings can actually already be found in the context of bosonic strings.
Indianapolis Capitals
The Indianapolis Capitals were an American Hockey League professional ice hockey team based in Indianapolis, Indiana, from 1939 to 1952. The Capitals were a farm team for the Detroit Red Wings. Indianapolis won the Calder Cup in 1942 and 1950. They played in the Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum.

There was also a Central Hockey League team with a similar name, the Indianapolis Capitals, that in 1963 played in the same arena. They played nine games before being relocated to Cincinnati to play as the Cincinnati Wings due to an explosion that rendered the Coliseum unusable. The team was again relocated this time to Memphis, Tennessee, for the 1964–65 season, where they were renamed the Memphis Wings. Their last season was the 1966–67 season.

Corteva Coliseum
The Corteva Coliseum is a 6,500-seat indoor multi-use arena, located on the Indiana State Fairgrounds in Indianapolis. It was originally called the Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum and later the Pepsi Coliseum, Fairgrounds Coliseum, and Indiana Farmers Coliseum.
Kanpur Cantonment
Kanpur Cantonment (popularly referred to as Kanpur Cantt) is a military cantonment in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The Kanpur Cantonment was established in the year 1811 and is situated on the right bank of river Ganges and is bound by Kanpur city area on the remaining three sides. Kanpur Cantonment is the largest cantonment in India, by population and not by the area. The area of the Cantonment is approx. 4243.0084 acres (17 km2) out of which the Bungalow Area is 3899.1784 acres and the Civil Area is 334.83 acres. As per 2011 Census, the population of Cantonment is 108,035 which is 453rd largest city of India (See t
he point 2 on external links).

Massacre Ghat
Satti Chaura Ghat (Satī Caurā Ghāţ)  or Massacre Ghat is a famous ghat in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh state in north India. It is located on the bank of the River Ganges in Kanpur Cantonment near Jajmau.
Calibrated geometry
In the mathematical field of differential geometry, a calibrated manifold is a Riemannian manifold (M,g) of dimension n equipped with a differential p-form φ (for some 0 ≤ p ≤ n) which is a calibration, meaning that:

φ is closed, that is, dφ = 0, where d is the exterior derivative.

φ has operator norm at most 1.  That is, for any x ∈ M and any p-vector , we have φ(ξ) ≤ vol(ξ), with volume defined with respect to the Riemannian metric g.

A main reason for defining a calibration is that it creates a distinguished set of "directions" (i.e. p-planes) in which φ is actually equal to the volume form, that is, the inequality above is an equality.  For x in M, set Gx(φ) to be the subset of such planes in the Grassmannian of p-planes in TxM.  In cases of interest, Gx(φ) is always nonempty. Let G(φ) be the union of Gx(φ) for all , viewed as a subspace of the bundle of p-planes in TM.

F. Reese Harvey
Frank Reese Harvey (born 1941) is an American mathematician known for contributions to the field of differential geometry. In 1982, in collaboration with Blaine Lawson, Harvey introduced calibrated geometry, which is instrumental in the formulation of the SYZ conjecture. He is Edgar Odell Lovett Professor and professor emeritus of mathematics at Rice University,