hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Byturidae
Byturidae, also known as fruitworms, are small family of cleroid beetles with over 15 described species, primarily distributed in the Holarctic and Southeast Asia. The larvae of at least some genera feed on fruit, such as Byturus, a notable commercial pest of Rubus (blackberries and raspberries) consuming both the fruit and seeds, while others like Xerasia are associated with catkins. The adults are known to feed on developing leaves, flowers and pollen.

There are two subfamilies: Platydascillinae and Byturinae. The distribution of Byturinae is Holarctic. Species of Platydascillinae are found in Southeast Asia.

Cleroidea
Cleroidea is a small superfamily of beetles containing over 10,000 species. Most of the members of the group are somewhat slender, often with fairly soft, flexible elytra, and typically hairy or scaly.
Patent Shaft
Patent Shaft, formerly The Patent Shaft and Axletree Company, established in 1840, was a steel-making company that operated large steelworks situated in Wednesbury, then in Staffordshire (now West Midlands), England, in a region known as the Black Country due to its industrialisation. It was in operation for 140 years, and employed hundreds of local people.

Wednesbury
Wednesbury (/ˈwɛnzbəri/ locally [ˈwɛnzbriː]) is a market town in the Sandwell district, in the county of the West Midlands, England; it was historically in Staffordshire. It is located near the source of the River Tame and is part of the Black Country. Wednesbury is situated 5 miles (8km) south-east of Wolverhampton, 3 miles (4.4km) south-west of Walsall and 7 miles (11.8km) north-west of Birmingham. At the 2021 Census, the town's built-up area had a population of 20,313.
Weatherby Varmintmaster
The Weatherby Varmintmaster is a lighter quicker-handling version of the Weatherby Mark V. It was first offered for sale in 1963 in two barrel lengths: a 24-inch standard weight and 26-inch heavy weight. The price then was $295, same as the Mark V. Compared with the Mark V it weighs 40% less with most parts being reduced in size by 20%. The trigger assemblies are identical. Having a smaller bolt diameter, the Varmintmaster uses a six-lug locking bolt as opposed to nine for the original magnum-sized Mark V. Chambered in .224 Weatherby Magnum with a 55-grain bullet, it achieves a muzzle velocity of 3,750 feet per second (1,140 m/s). Weatherby ceased production of its smallest rifle in 1994.

Weatherby Mark V
The Weatherby Mark V is a centerfire, bolt-action rifle manufactured by Weatherby of Sheridan, Wyoming. The rifle was introduced in 1957 by Weatherby and was designed to safely contain the high pressures associated with the Weatherby line of high performance cartridges. It is the flagship rifle of the Weatherby line of firearms.

The Weatherby Mark V rifles are considered prestigious or luxury firearms by many. This is due in part to Roy Weatherby who presented the rifles to royalty, politicians, gun writers and actors including Prince Abdorreza Pahlavi of Iran, Generals James Doolittle (USAF) and Chuck Yeager (USAF), Jack O'Connor, Warren Page, Elgin Gates and Lorne Greene and was able to use this fact as a marketing tool.
Transport in Kyrgyzstan
Transport in Kyrgyzstan is severely constrained by the country's alpine topography. Roads have to snake up steep valleys, cross passes of 3,000 m (9,843 ft) altitude and more, and are subject to frequent mud slides and snow avalanches. Winter travel is close to impossible in many of the more remote and high-altitude regions. Additional problems are because many roads and railway lines built during the Soviet period are today intersected by international boundaries, requiring time-consuming border formalities to cross where they are not completely closed. The horse is still a much used transport option, especially in rural and inaccessible areas, as it does not depend on imported fuel.

Manas International Airport
Manas International Airport (Kyrgyz: Манас эл аралык аэропорту, romanized: Manas El Aralyk Aeroportu; Russian: Международный аэропорт «Манас», romanized: Mezhdunarodnyy aeroport "Manas") (IATA: BSZ, ICAO: UCFM) is the main international airport in Kyrgyzstan, located 25 kilometres (16 mi) north-northwest of the capital, Bishkek.
William Berczy
William von Moll Berczy (December 10, 1744 – February 5, 1813) was a German-born Upper Canada pioneer and painter. He is considered one of the co-founders of the Town of York, Upper Canada, now Toronto, Ontario, Canada and one of Canada's pre-eminent pre-Confederation artists.

Wallerstein, Bavaria
Wallerstein (German pronunciation: [ˈvalɐʃtaɪn]) is a municipality and former principality in the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany.

It was first mentioned in 1238 as Steinheim. For generations ruled by the House of Oettingen-Wallerstein, in 1806 Wallerstein became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria by the process of mediatisation. The family still owns the Wallerstein Castle and its surrounding land.
University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.

Iowa Board of Regents
The Iowa Board of Regents is the 9-member governing body overseeing the three public universities in the state of Iowa: the University of Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Northern Iowa; and, the Iowa School for the Deaf, and the Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School.
University of Minnesota Marching Band
The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota. The Pride of Minnesota serves as an ambassador for the university, representing the school at major events both on and off campus. The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts toward the end of the regular football season. Members of the band, along with non-member students, also participate in smaller athletic pep bands that perform at other major sporting events, including men's hockey, men's basketball, women's hockey, women's basketball, and women's volleyball.

Frank Bencriscutto
Frank Bencriscutto (September 21, 1928 – August 28, 1997), nicknamed "Dr. Ben," was an American conductor and composer of concert band music. Bencriscutto was Director of Bands and Professor of Music at the University of Minnesota for thirty-two years.
Plast
The Plast National Scout Organization of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національна Скаутська Організація України «Пласт», romanized: Natsionalna Skautska Orhanizatsiia Ukrainy "Plast", lit. 'Layer'), commonly called Ukrainian Plast or simply Plast, is the largest Scouting organization in Ukraine.

Lubomyr Romankiw
Lubomyr Taras Romankiw (April 17, 1931 – June 27, 2024) was a Ukrainian-Canadian-American Electrochemist, Material Scientist and Engineer, and a world-renowned inventor. Although a Canadian citizen, he spent his entire career at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. He was an IBM fellow, the highest technical ranking at IBM.

Romankiw earned his B.Sc. from the University of Alberta in 1957, and both M.S. and Ph.D. degrees (in metallurgy and materials) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962. His Ph.D. dissertation was titled "Kinetics of dissolution of zinc sulfide in aqueous sulfuric acid", under the advisory of Professor P. L. de Bruyn. Romankiw is listed as a co-inventor on over 90 U.S. patents, 150 papers and edited 10 volumes of various technical symposia.
Auberge d'Allemagne
Auberge d'Allemagne (Maltese: Berġa ta' Alemanja) was an auberge in Valletta, Malta. It was built between 1571 and 1575 to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langue of Germany.

It was vacated in 1798 when the Order was expelled during the French occupation of Malta. By the 1830s, the building was used as the residence of the Chief Justice. Another part was used by the Mediterranean Fleet as a bakery and a mill.

It was demolished in 1839 to make way for St Paul's Pro-Cathedral. Auberge d'Allemagne was the only auberge in Malta to be intentionally demolished, as the others were destroyed due to damage sustained during World War II. Some remains may still exist in situ.

The auberge was designed by the Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar, but almost nothing is known about the structure.

Langue (Knights Hospitaller)
A langue or tongue (Italian: lingua) was an administrative division of the Knights Hospitaller (also known as the Order of St. John of Jerusalem) between 1319 and 1798. The term referred to a rough ethno-linguistic division of the geographical distribution of the Order's members and possessions. Each langue was subdivided into Priories or Grand Priories, Bailiwicks and Commanderies, and was responsible for a certain sector in their administration. Each langue had an auberge as its headquarters, some of which still survive in Rhodes, Birgu and Valletta.
Bilston, Midlothian
Bilston is a small village in Midlothian, Scotland. It is located on the edge of Edinburgh, just south of Loanhead on the A701. The Bilston Burn Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) was occupied from 2002 until the mid-2010s by protestors who successfully opposed plans for a bypass.

Loanhead
Loanhead is a town in Midlothian, Scotland, in a commuter belt to the south of Edinburgh, and close to Roslin, Bonnyrigg and Dalkeith. The town was built on coal and oil shale mining, and the paper industries.
Arthur Collins (theatre manager)
Arthur Pelham Collins (1864 – 15 January 1932) was an English playwright and theatre manager.  He was perhaps best known for his many Christmas pantomimes produced at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, which he managed during the late Victorian and Edwardian era. Many of these were co-authored by Collins and J. Hickory Wood.

J. Hickory Wood
Jay Hickory Wood (died 26 August 1913, Purley, Kent) was an English playwright, novelist, and biographer. Born in Manchester, he was best known as the author of many pantomimes; several of them written in collaboration with Arthur Collins. His first pantomime performed in London's West End was Puss'n Boots at the Garrick Theatre in 1899. He wrote new pantomimes for the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, in 13 consecutive seasons. Several of these were adapted into musicals produced on Broadway by Klaw and Erlanger, including The Sleeping Beauty and the Beast (1901) and Mother Goose (1903).

Wood was a biographer of the actor Dan Leno, and his book Dan Leno was published in 1905 by Methuen Publishing. His books included the novels The Chronicles of Mr. Pottersby (1898) and Coronation Chuckles (1911), and the short story collection Recitations: Comic and Otherwise (1898).
Gerd Koch
Gerd Koch (11 July 1922 – 19 April 2005) was a German cultural anthropologist best known for his studies on the material culture of Kiribati, Tuvalu and the Santa Cruz Islands in the Pacific.  He was associated with the Ethnological Museum of Berlin (German: Ethnologisches Museum; until 1999 Museum für Völkerkunde). His field work was directed to researching and recording the use of artefacts in their indigenous context, to begin to understand these societies.

His work in cultural and social anthropology extended to researching and recording the music and dance of the Pacific Islands. He collaborated with Dieter Christensen, a music-ethnologist, on The Music of the Ellice Islands (German: Die Musik der Ellice-Inseln) (1964) and Koch also published the Songs of Tuvalu (translated by Guy Slatter) (2000). In Tuvalu he was also known as 'Keti'.

Niutao
Niutao is a reef island in the northern part of Tuvalu. It is one of the nine districts (islands) of Tuvalu. It is also one of the three districts that consist of only one island — not counting the three islets inside the closed lagoon. Niutao has a population of 550 (2022 census).
Nanai language
The Nanai language (also called Gold, Goldi, or Hezhen) is spoken by the Nanai people in Siberia, and to a much smaller extent in China's Heilongjiang province, where it is known as Hezhe. The language has about 1,400 speakers out of 17,000 ethnic Nanai, but most (especially the younger generations) are also fluent in Russian or Chinese, and mostly use one of those languages for communication.

Valentin Avrorin
Valentin Aleksandrovich Avrorin (Russian: Валентин Александрович Аврорин) (December 23 1907, Tambov - February 26 1977, Leningrad) was a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and an expert in languages. He was outstanding in the sphere of Tungusic languages, and was one of the active creators of the Nanai written language.
Franz Gleißner
Franz Johannes Gleißner (1759 – 18 September 1818) was a German lithographer and composer. In the late 18th century, he met Alois Senefelder, with whom he collaborated for approximately 30 years using lithography as a method of reproduction to print music scores.  Using the songs composed by Gleißner, Senefelder demonstrated that lithography could be successfully used for music publication.

Gleißner's compositions include masses, the oratorio Lazarus, about thirteen symphonies, much chamber music, and some stage works.

In 1803, Gleißner made a catalog of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's manuscripts in Constanze's estate.

Alois Senefelder
Johann Alois Senefelder (born Alois Johann Nepomuk Franz Senefelder; 6 November 1771 – 26 February 1834) was a German actor and playwright who invented the printing technique of lithography in the 1790s.
USS Cheboygan County
USS Cheboygan County (LST-533) was an LST-491-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named for Cheboygan County, Michigan, she has so far been the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name. The name Cheboygan also means "Big Boat".

LST-533 was laid down on 29 September 1943 at Evansville, Indiana, by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Company; launched on 1 December 1943; sponsored by Mrs. H. D. Peoples; and commissioned on 27 January 1944.

Cheboygan County, Michigan
Cheboygan County (/ʃəˈbɔɪɡən/ shə-BOY-gən) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,579. The county seat is Cheboygan. The county boundaries were set off in 1840, with land partitioned from Michilimackinac County.  The Cheboygan County government was organized and combined with the former Wyandot County in 1853.
Mike Keneally
Michael Joseph Keneally (born December 20, 1961) is an American guitarist, keyboardist, vocalist and composer. Keneally leads his own band, and is also known for a stint with Frank Zappa and for extensive work as a session musician with a range of performers.

Henry Kaiser (musician)
Henry Kaiser (born September 19, 1952) is an American guitarist and composer, known as an idiosyncratic soloist, a sideman, an ethnomusicologist, and a film score composer. Recording and performing prolifically in many styles of music, Kaiser is a fixture on the San Francisco Bay Area music scene. He is considered a member of the "second generation" of American free improvisers. He is married to Canadian artist Brandy Gale. He is the son of Henry J. Kaiser Jr. and the grandson of industrialist Henry J. Kaiser.
Chaga languages
Chaga, also Kichaga or Kichagga, is a Bantu dialect continuum spoken by the Chaga people of northern Tanzania, south of Mount Kilimanjaro.
They also speak nine dialects: Kivunjo, Kimarangu, Kirombo, Kimachame, Kisiha, Kikibosho, Kiuru, Kioldimoshi and Kingassa.

The Chaga languages are:

West Kilimanjaro (West Chaga), including Meru and Machame

Central Kilimanjaro (Central Chaga), including Mochi (Old Moshi) and Wunjo

Rombo

Rusha (Arusha-Chini)

Kahe

Gweno

Kahe language
The Kahe is an ethnic and linguistic group based southeast of Moshi in Kilimanjaro Region Tanzania. The Kahe language, or Kikahe, is in the Chagga cluster of Bantu languages.  Three dialects are recognized: Kimwangaria, Msengoni and Kichangareni. Kikahe is spoken by 9,130 people, and is one of the smaller language communities in Tanzania.
Tatsumi Hijikata
Tatsumi Hijikata (土方 巽, Hijikata Tatsumi; March 9, 1928 – January 21, 1986) was a Japanese choreographer, and the founder of a genre of dance performance art called Butoh. By the late 1960s, he had begun to develop this dance form, which is highly choreographed with stylized gestures drawn from his childhood memories of his northern Japan home. It is this style which is most often associated with Butoh by Westerners.

Forbidden Colors
Forbidden Colors (禁色, Kinjiki) is a 1951 novel by Japanese writer Yukio Mishima, translated into English in 1968. A sequel titled Higyō (秘楽; "Secret Pleasure") was published in 1953.  The name kinjiki is a euphemism for same-sex love. The kanji 禁 means "forbidden", and 色 in this case means "erotic love", although it can also mean "color". The word kinjiki also means colors that were forbidden to be worn by people of various ranks in the Japanese court. It describes the marriage of a gay man to a young woman. Like Mishima's earlier novel Confessions of a Mask, it is generally considered somewhat autobiographical.
Sungai Buloh Highway
Sungai Buloh Highway or Jalan Sungai Buloh, Federal Route 54, is a major highway in Klang Valley region, Selangor state, Malaysia. The highway has now been upgraded into six-lane carriageway on 22 June 2007.

Damansara–Puchong Expressway
The E11 Damansara–Puchong Expressway (Malay: Lebuhraya Damansara–Puchong), abbreviated as LDP, is a 40.0-kilometre (24.9-mile) major controlled-access highway in the Petaling District of Selangor, Malaysia. The expressway runs in a north–south direction between Bandar Sri Damansara and Putra Permai, near Putrajaya, forming a major thoroughfare in the cities of Petaling Jaya and Puchong. A short east–west spur of the expressway connects Pusat Bandar Puchong to the suburb of UEP Subang Jaya.
Kofa High School
Kofa High School is a high school in Yuma, Arizona. It is one of seven high schools part of the Yuma Union High School District.

It was the second high school to be established in the community. The school shares its name with the Kofa Mountains, which were named for the King of Arizona gold mine, discovered in King Valley in 1896 and active from 1897 to 1910. The mine used to stamp its property "K of A", and is commonly known as the Kofa Mine. The school draws its mascot, the King, from the mine as well.

Designed in 1959 by the Phoenix architecture firm of Edward L. Varney Associates. It was built by D. O. Norton and Son Construction Co. also of Phoenix. Major renovations were completed on the ageing campus in 2019 designed by DLR Group Architects. As of 2023, Kofa High School is ranked No. 4 in Yuma County.

Liberty Military Housing of Marine Corps Air Station Yuma is assigned to this high school.

Marine Corps Air Station Yuma
Marine Corps Air Station Yuma or MCAS Yuma (IATA: YUM, ICAO: KNYL, FAA LID: NYL) is a United States Marine Corps air station in Yuma, Arizona. It is the home of multiple squadrons of F-35B Lightning IIs of the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron 1 (MAWTS-1), Marine Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron 1 (VMX-1) and Marine Fighter Training Squadron 401 (VMFT-401), an air combat adversary squadron of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing of the Marine Corps Reserve. It is a designated Superfund site due to a number of soil and groundwater contaminants, including asbestos.

The station is 2 miles (1.7 nmi; 3.2 km) from the city center of Yuma. A joint use civilian-military airport, MCAS Yuma shares airfield facilities with Yuma International Airport and occupies approximately 3,000 acres (1,200 ha), most of which is flat desert. MCAS Yuma also operates an auxiliary airfield on the Barry M. Goldwater Range.
Johnstown Symphony Orchestra
The Johnstown Symphony Orchestra (JSO) is a symphony orchestra based in Johnstown, Pennsylvania.  The symphony was founded in January 1929, and conducts a program of six subscription concerts from October to May plus four special events, including an annual Symphony Gala. The orchestra performs primarily at the University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown's Pasquerilla Performing Arts Center.  In 2016, James Blachly was named the 12th Music Director.

Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Johnstown is the largest city in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 18,411 as of the 2020 census. Located 57 miles (92 km) east of Pittsburgh, it is the principal city of the Johnstown metropolitan area, which had 133,472 residents in 2020. It is also part of the Johnstown–Somerset combined statistical area, which includes both Cambria and Somerset counties. Once a bustling industrial center, like many cities in the Rust Belt, Johnstown was severely affected by the loss of jobs in the steel industry due to globalization and the movement of American manufacturing to overseas markets.
Al-Mansur of Tidore
Sultan Al-Mansur (Jawi: سلطان المنصور‎;c. 1475 - 1526) was the second Sultan of Tidore in Maluku islands, who reigned from at least 1512 until 1526. Certain legends associate him with the beginnings of Tidore's rule over the Papuan Islands and western New Guinea. During his reign the first visits by Portuguese and Spanish seafarers took place, which led to grave political and economic consequences for the societies of eastern Indonesia. Trying to preserve his realm in the face of Western encroachment, he finally fell victim to Portuguese enmity.

Boheyat
Boheyat (Jawi: بوحيات‎) or Abu Hayat (ابوحيات‎; c. 1514 – October 1529) was the third Sultan of Ternate in Maluku, whose largely nominal reign lasted from 1521 to 1529. In his time the Portuguese strengthened their positions in Ternate.
TamilNet
TamilNet is an online newspaper that provides news and feature articles on current affairs in Sri Lanka, specifically related to the erstwhile Sri Lankan Civil War. The website was formed by members of the Sri Lankan Tamil community residing in the United States and publishes articles in English, German and French.

It is Tamil nationalist and is described as a pro LTTE website.

Tamilnet and non-governmental organizations such as Free Media Movement (FMM), Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) and ARTICLE 19 confirm that the website is currently banned in Sri Lanka.

Taraki Sivaram
Taraki Sivaram or Dharmeratnam Sivaram  (11 August 1959 – 28 April 2005) was a popular Tamil journalist of Sri Lanka. He was kidnapped by four men in a white van on 28 April 2005, in front of the Bambalapitya police station. His body was found the next day in the district of Himbulala, near the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He had been beaten and shot in the head.
Germania Inferior
Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") was a Roman province on the west bank of the Rhine bordering the North Sea from around AD 85 until the province was renamed Germania Secunda in the 4th century AD. The capital of the province was Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium, modern-day Cologne.

Xanten
Xanten (German pronunciation: [ˈksantn̩] ⓘ, Low Rhenish: Santen) is a town in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the district of Wesel.

Xanten is known for the Archaeological Park, one of the largest archaeological open air museums in the world, built at the site of the Roman settlements Colonia Ulpia Traiana. Other attractions include the medieval town centre with Xanten Cathedral, many museums and large man-made lakes for various watersport activities. Xanten is visited by approximately one million tourists a year. It is also the only German town with a name that begins with X.