hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aspergillus lentulus
Aspergillus lentulus is a species of Aspergillus fungus. It is a close relative of Aspergillus fumigatus.  It has smaller conidial heads with diminutive vesicles compared to A. fumigatus, and cannot survive at 48 °C (118 °F). It also has decreased in vitro susceptibilities to multiple antifungals, including amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin. Aspergillus lentulus is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis with high mortality rates.  It has been isolated from clinical and environmental sources.  Since it was described in 2005 as a new species, it was thought to reproduce only asexually.  However, in 2013 Swilaiman et al. (2013) found that A. lentulus has a functional sexual cycle.  During this cycle cleistothecia are produced that, when mature, contain heat-resistant ascospores.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887
Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887 is a United States federal statute establishing agricultural research by the governance of the United States land-grant colleges as enacted by the Land-Grant Agricultural and Mechanical College Act of 1862. The agricultural experiment station alliance was granted fiscal appropriations by the enactment of the Hatch Act of 1887. The Act of Congress defines the basis of the agricultural experiments and scientific research by the State or Territory educational institutions.

Morrill Land-Grant Acts
The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U.S. states, focusing on agricultural and mechanical studies.

The Morrill Act of 1862 (12 Stat. 503 (1862) later codified as 7 U.S.C. § 301 et seq.) was enacted during the American Civil War, and the Morrill Act of 1890 (the Agricultural College Act of 1890 (26 Stat. 417, later codified as 7 U.S.C. § 321 et seq.) expanded this model.
Celsiella
Celsiella is a small genus of glass frogs endemic to Venezuela. It was established in 2009 and named in honour of Josefa Celsa Señaris, nicknamed "Celsi", a Venezuelan herpetologist who had worked with glass frogs.

Glass frog
The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae (order Anura), native to the Central American and Colombian rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active, their blood makes them visible; when sleeping, most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, feeding on small insects and only coming out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. However, climate change and habitat fragmentation have been threatening the survival rates of the family.
Tokyo Motor Show
The Japan Mobility Show (ジャパンモビリティショー), called Tokyo Motor Show (東京モーターショー) (TMS) until 2023, is a biennial auto show held in October–November at the Tokyo Big Sight, Tokyo, Japan for cars, motorcycles and commercial vehicles. Hosted by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA), it is a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles, and normally sees more concept cars than actual production car introductions, which is the reason why the automotive press sees the show as one of the motorshow's big five (along with Detroit, Geneva, Frankfurt and Paris).

For the first time in its 67-year history, the show was cancelled for 2021 due to rising cases of COVID-19.

BMW X2
The BMW X2 is a subcompact luxury crossover SUV produced by BMW since 2017. It is marketed as a sports activity coupé (SAC), it is considered a sportier and less practical alternative to the X1, as is the case with other even-numbered X models with their respective odd-numbered counterparts.
Fray Bartolomé de las Casas
Fray Bartolomé de las Casas (Spanish pronunciation: [fɾaj βaɾtoloˈme ðe las ˈkasas]) is a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Alta Verapaz. The population is 66,141 in 2018. It lies at an altitude of 170m above sea level and covers an area of 1,229 km². The annual festival is April 30-May 4. It is named after the 15th-century Spanish priest, bishop, and writer Bartolomé de Las Casas.

Cobán
Cobán (Kekchí: Kob'an), fully Santo Domingo de Cobán, is the capital of the department of Alta Verapaz in central Guatemala. It also serves as the administrative center for the surrounding Cobán municipality. It is located 219 km from Guatemala City.

As of the 2018 census, the population of the city of Cobán was 212,047 and that of the municipality was 212,421. Cobán lies at an altitude of 1,320 metres or 4,330 feet above sea level and covers a total area of 1,974 km2. It is located at the center of a major coffee-growing area.
Turiya Sings
Turiya Sings is an album by Alice Coltrane, recorded in 1981 during a marathon fifteen-hour session, and initially released in 1982 on privately-pressed cassette for her Vedantic Center's students. The album features recordings of devotional Sanskrit songs sung by Coltrane, accompanied by overdubbed strings and synthesised instrumentation, and marks her first recorded appearance as a vocalist.

Although unofficial LP and CD versions of the album exist, it was never officially reissued in its original form because the Coltrane family has been unable to locate the master synthesizer tracks. However, the album was rereleased in July 2021 by Impulse! Records as Kirtan: Turiya Sings, which is based on a 1981 mix that lacks the original release's overdubbed synthesizer and string backings.

Kirtan: Turiya Sings
Kirtan: Turiya Sings is an album by Alice Coltrane. It was recorded on June 23, 1981, at Redwing Sound in Los Angeles, California, and was released in 2021 by Impulse! Records. The album, a stripped-down version of 1982's Turiya Sings, features Coltrane on vocals and organ.
Stade d'Angondjé
The Stade de l’Amitié sino-gabonaise is a stadium in Angondjé, a suburb of Libreville in Gabon. It is referred to as Stade de l'Amitié. The stadium build was expected to take 20 months and was funded by the Gabonese and Chinese governments.

It was one of four stadiums used for the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations and hosted the competition final. The inaugural football match played here was Gabon facing off against Brazil, who won that match 2–0. It also was one of four Gabonese stadia used for the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations and hosted the competition's final.

2012 Africa Cup of Nations final
The 2012 Africa Cup of Nations final was a football match that took place on 12 February 2012 between Zambia and Ivory Coast. The match took place at the Stade d'Angondjé in Libreville, Gabon to determine the winner of the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). This match was an emotional match for Zambia, as the stadium is located near the spot where most of the Zambian national team died when their aeroplane crashed in 1993. The kickoff time was delayed by 30 minutes to 20:30.

Zambia won the title for the first time by beating Ivory Coast 8–7 on penalties after the only goalless draw in the entire tournament.
Algorithms for calculating variance
Algorithms for calculating variance play a major role in computational statistics. A key difficulty in the design of good algorithms for this problem is that formulas for the variance may involve sums of squares, which can lead to numerical instability as well as to arithmetic overflow when dealing with large values.

One-pass algorithm
In computing, a one-pass algorithm or single-pass algorithm is a streaming algorithm which reads its input exactly once. It does so by processing items in order, without unbounded buffering; it reads a block into an input buffer, processes it, and moves the result into an output buffer for each step in the process. A one-pass algorithm generally requires O(n) (see 'big O' notation) time and less than O(n) storage (typically O(1)), where n is the size of the input. An example of a one-pass algorithm is the Sondik partially observable Markov decision process.
Stac Biorach
57°49′44″N 8°37′18″W﻿ / ﻿57.82889°N 8.62167°W﻿ / 57.82889; -8.62167

Stac Biorach (Scottish Gaelic: "sharply pointed stack") is a sea stack, 73 metres (240 ft) tall, situated in the Sound of Soay between the islands of Hirta and Soay in the St Kilda archipelago of Scotland. It lies west of the 62 metres (203 ft) high Stac Shoaigh. Regarded by the St Kildans as the most challenging of their stacks to climb, it was nonetheless an important source of food. The first written records date from the second half of the 17th century and the first recreational ascent took place in 1883. It is now part of the St Kilda World Heritage Site and in the care of the National Trust for Scotland.

Hirta
Hirta (Scottish Gaelic: Hiort) is the largest island in the St Kilda archipelago, on the western edge of Scotland. The names Hiort (in Scottish Gaelic) and Hirta (historically in English) have also been applied to the entire archipelago. Now without a permanent resident population, the island had nearly all of St Kilda's population of about 180 residents in the late 17th century and 112 in 1851. It was abandoned in 1930 when the last 36 remaining inhabitants were evacuated to Lochaline on the mainland.

The National Trust for Scotland owns the entire archipelago. It became one of Scotland's six World Heritage Sites in 1986 and is one of the few in the world to hold mixed status for both its natural and cultural qualities. Visits to the island are encouraged during months when the few facilities for tourists are open.
Isuwa
Isuwa (transcribed Išuwa and sometimes rendered Ishuwa, Issuwa), was a kingdom founded by the Hurrians, which came under Hittite sovereignty towards 1600 BC as a result of their struggle with the Hittites.

Arslantepe
Arslantepe, also known as Melid, was an ancient city on the Tohma River, a tributary of the upper Euphrates rising in the Taurus Mountains. It has been identified with the modern archaeological site of Arslantepe near Malatya, Turkey.

It was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name Arslantepe Mound in 2021. As of 2025 it is closed for maintenance.

Değirmentepe, a site located 24 km northeast of Melid, is notable as the location of the earliest secure evidence of copper smelting. The site was built on a small natural outcrop in the flood plain about 40m from the Euphrates River.
Olympic Valley, California
Olympic Valley (historically and informally known as Squaw Valley) is an unincorporated community located in Placer County, California, United States. It lies northwest of Tahoe City along California State Highway 89 on the banks of the Truckee River near Lake Tahoe. It is home to Palisades Tahoe (formerly Squaw Valley Ski Resort), the site of the 1960 Winter Olympics. Olympic Valley is the smallest resort area to host the Olympic Winter Games.

Yokuts Valley, California
Yokuts Valley (formerly Squaw Valley) is an unincorporated community located in Fresno County, California, at the foothills of the Sierra Nevada on State Route 180 just below Kings Canyon National Park.

As of the 2020 census, the CDP had a total population of 3,564, up from 3,162 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau defined Squaw Valley as a census-designated place (CDP). Yokuts Valley is located 9 miles (14 km) north-northeast of Orange Cove and 30 miles (48 km) east of Fresno, at an elevation of 1,631 ft (497 m).
Reservoir, Victoria
Reservoir (/ˈrɛzəv(w)ɔː/ ⓘ REZ-ə-v(w)aw) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Darebin local government area. Reservoir recorded a population of 51,096 at the 2021 census.

Reservoir is an established suburb with standard brick or weatherboard homes, and an increasing number of new developments. The suburb contains recreation areas and facilities, including Edwardes Lake Park and the Reservoir Leisure Centre, and is home to the Edwardes Street and Broadway shopping strips.

Keon Park railway station
Keon Park station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Mernda line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the northern suburb of Reservoir, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Keon Park station is an elevated premium station, featuring an island platform with two faces. It opened on 16 December 1929, with the current station provided in June 2024.

Initially opened as Keonpark, the station was given its current name of Keon Park on 29 February 1972.
Higashiyoka, Saga
Higashiyoka (東与賀町, Higashiyoka-chō) was a town located in Saga District, Saga Prefecture, Japan. The status of Higashiyoka was changed from a village to a town on October 1, 1966.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,621 and a density of 495.19 persons per km2. The total area was 15.39 km2.

On October 1, 2007, Higashiyoka, along with the towns of Kawasoe and Kubota (all from Saga District), was merged into the expanded city of Saga.

Saga (city)
Saga (佐賀市, Saga-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa, -ŋa, sa.ɡaꜜ.ɕi, -ŋaꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Saga Prefecture, located on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 227,138 in 104,354 households, and a  population density of 530 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 431.81 km2 (166.72 sq mi).
Harold Lamb
Harold Albert Lamb (September 1, 1892 – April 9, 1962) was an American writer, novelist, historian, and screenwriter. In both his fiction and nonfiction work, Lamb gravitated toward subjects related to Asia and the Middle East.

Lamb was an advocate of inclusive literature and history, saying to The New York Times in 1953, "It all came out as an intense irritation over the fact that all history seemed to draw a north-south line across Europe, through Berlin and Venice, say. Everything was supposed to have happened west of that line, nothing to the East. Ridiculous of course."

The Crusades (1935 film)
The Crusades is a 1935 American historical adventure drama film directed and produced by Cecil B. DeMille for Paramount Pictures, loosely based on the life of King Richard I of England during the Third Crusade, and his marriage to Berengaria of Navarre. The film stars Henry Wilcoxon as Richard, Loretta Young as Berengaria, and Ian Keith as Saladin, along with C. Aubrey Smith, Katherine DeMille, Joseph Schildkraut and Alan Hale Sr. in supporting roles.

The film premiered in New York City on August 21, 1935, and went into general release on October 25. It was a critical and commercial success, earning nominations for Best Foreign Film at the 3rd Venice International Film Festival, and an Academy Award for Best Cinematography (Victor Milner).
Atkinson, North Carolina
Atkinson is a town in Pender County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Atkinson had a population of 296. It is part of the Wilmington Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town was incorporated in 1909.

Pender County, North Carolina
Pender County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 60,203. Its county seat is Burgaw. Pender County is part of the Wilmington, NC metropolitan statistical area.
Synchronization (computer science)
In computer science, synchronization is the task of coordinating multiple processes to join up or handshake at a certain point, in order to reach an agreement or commit to a certain sequence of action.

Message queue
In computer science, message queues and mailboxes are software-engineering components typically used for inter-process communication (IPC), or for inter-thread communication within the same process. They use a queue for messaging – the passing of control or of content.  Group communication systems provide similar kinds of functionality.

The message queue paradigm is a sibling of the publisher/subscriber pattern, and is typically one part of a larger message-oriented middleware system. Most messaging systems support both the publisher/subscriber and message queue models in their API, e.g. Java Message Service (JMS).

Competing Consumers pattern enables multiple concurrent consumers to process messages on the same message queue.
A. V. Rama Rao
Alla Venkata Rama Rao (born 2 April 1935) is an Indian inventor and chemist, known for his pioneering research in the field of drug technology. He is the founder of the A. V. Rama Rao Research Foundation, a non governmental organization promoting research and doctoral studies in chemistry and Avra Laboratories, an organization dealing in intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredients, used in therapeutics. An elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India, and Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Rama Rao is a recipient of several awards such as TWAS Technology Award, VASVIK Industrial Research Award and Om Prakash Bhasin Award. The Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri in 1991 and the Padma Bhushan in 2016.

Institute of Chemical Technology
Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT) is a public deemed university in Mumbai, India. It is focused on training and research in the fields of chemical engineering, chemical technology, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Established in 1933, the institute was granted deemed university status in 2008, making it the only state-funded deemed university in India. In 2018, ICT was named an institute with a special status per the Empowered Expert Committee and was given the status of Category 1 institute with graded autonomy by the Ministry of Human Resource Development and the University Grants Commission (India).

The institute also has regional campuses at Bhubaneswar, Odisha and Jalna, Maharashtra.
Päijänne
Päijänne (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈpæi̯jænːe]) is the second largest lake in Finland (1,080 km2 (266,874 acres)). The lake drains into the Gulf of Finland via the Kymi River. The major islands are from north to south Vuoritsalo, Muuratsalo, Onkisalo, Judinsalo, Edessalo, Taivassalo, Haukkasalo, Vehkasalo, Mustassalo, Virmailansaari and Salonsaari. The largest island is Virmailansaari. The word saari means an island. Salo once meant a great island, nowadays it means a great forest area.

The largest city on the shores of Päijänne is Jyväskylä in the North. The city of Lahti is connected to Päijänne through Lake Vesijärvi and Vääksy canal.

An underground aqueduct, Päijänne Water Tunnel, connects the lake to Vantaa, providing the Greater Helsinki area with water. The deepest point in any lake in Finland is in Päijänne (95.3 m or 313 ft).

The name of Lake Päijänne comes possibly from a Pre-Finno-Ugric substrate language.

Haukkasalo
Haukkasalo is the third largest island in Lake Päijänne in Finland, located at 61.72N 25.43E. Visitors can access Haukkasalo by cable ferry or private boat. Less than 5 people live there all year round, but there are several summer cottages.

61°43′N 25°26′E﻿ / ﻿61.717°N 25.433°E﻿ / 61.717; 25.433
Northgate High School (Walnut Creek, California)
Northgate High School (NHS) is a public high school located in the suburban Northgate neighborhood of Walnut Creek, California, United States. The most recent of five high schools in the Mount Diablo Unified School District, the school was built in 1974, and is home to approximately 1,500 students from Walnut Creek and Concord, California, grades 9–12. Its name derives from its location at the north entrance of Mount Diablo State Park.

Walnut Creek, California
Walnut Creek is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, about 16 miles (26 kilometers) east of the city of Oakland, California and 25 miles (40 kilometers) east of San Francisco. Walnut Creek has a total population of 70,127 per the 2020 census, is located at the junction of the highways from Sacramento, California and San Jose, California (I-680) and San Francisco/Oakland (SR-24), and is accessible by BART. The city shares its borders with Clayton, California, Lafayette, California, Alamo, California, Pleasant Hill, California, and Concord, California.
Regensberg Reformed Church
Regensberg Reformed Church (Reformierte Kirchgemeinde Regensberg) is an Evangelical Reformed Church in the Swiss municipality of Regensberg in the Canton of Zürich. The church originally dates to 1248, when it was a wooden chapel. In 1540, the chapel and all the houses in the upper castle were destroyed by fire. Only the church's tower, dating to 1506, and the main portal were spared. The church was rebuilt in stone in the Gothic style. Its south-facing clock face overlooks the municipality.

The roof of the church tower was redesigned and rebuilt as a "tent roof" in 1723. To pay for the work, the church's pews were sold.

Three new bells were installed in the new tower clock shortly after World War II, in addition to a new mechanical organ being built.

Another major renovation was begun in 1991.

As of 2024, the pastor of the church is Bänziger Matthias.

Viewed from the merging of the Unterburg (lower castle) and the Oberburg (upper castle) on the church's southern side

Interior

Oberburg, Regensberg
Oberburg (English: Upper Castle) or Oberstadt (Upper Town) is the upper section of the medieval municipality of Regensberg, Switzerland, which was founded as a hilltop fortified settlement. The 13th-century Regensberg Castle is located in Oberburg, which is enclosed by the town wall, partly formed by two rows of houses which were constructed in the late 17th century. Also within the square is a 57 m (187 ft)-deep water well. Regensberg Reformed Church overlooks the main square. Beside it is the round tower (German: rundturm), the only remnant of the castle.

Oberburg is separated from Unterburg (lower castle), likely built in the 14th century, by a gate.

The fountain (centre) and well (right)

Gate to and from Unterburg, looking south

Regensberg Reformed Church

Round tower