hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonard Leo
Leonard Anthony Leo (born November 1965) is an American lawyer, businessman, and conservative legal activist. He was the longtime vice president of the Federalist Society and is currently, along with Steven Calabresi, the co-chairman of the organization's board of directors.

Leo has created a network of influential conservative legal groups funded mostly by anonymous donors, including The 85 Fund and Concord Fund, which serve as funding hubs for affiliated political nonprofits. He assisted Clarence Thomas in his Supreme Court confirmation hearings and led campaigns to support the nominations of John Roberts, Samuel Alito, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett.

United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is a U.S. federal government commission created by the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998. USCIRF commissioners are appointed by the president and the leadership of both political parties in the Senate and the House of Representatives. USCIRF's principal responsibilities are to review the facts and circumstances of violations of religious freedom internationally and to make policy recommendations to the president, the secretary of state, and the Congress.
Friedhelm Wentzke
Friedhelm Wentzke (born 13 September 1935 in Castrop-Rauxel, Province of Westphalia) is a German sprint canoeist who competed in the early to mid-1960s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won two medals with a gold in the K-1 4 × 500 m (1960) and a silver in the K-4 1000 m (1964).

Castrop-Rauxel
Castrop-Rauxel (German pronunciation: [ˌkastʁɔpˈʁaʊksl̩] ⓘ), often simply referred to as Castrop by locals, is a former coal mining city in the eastern part of the Ruhr Area within the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.
Alphonse Beau de Rochas
Alphonse Eugène Beau de Rochas (9 April 1815, Digne-les-Bains, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence – 27 March 1893, Vincennes) was a French engineer. He was the first to patent the four-stroke engine in 1862, but he did not build one and the idea was subsequently developed by Nicolaus Otto and other engineers.

Nicolaus Otto
Nicolaus August Otto (German pronunciation: [ˈnɪkolaʊ̯s ˈaʊ̯ɡʊst ˈɔto]; 10 June 1832 – 26 January 1891) was a German engineer who successfully developed the compressed charge internal combustion engine which ran on petroleum gas and led to the modern internal combustion engine. The Association of German Engineers (VDI) created DIN standard 1940 which says "Otto Engine: internal combustion engine in which the ignition of the compressed fuel-air mixture is initiated by a timed spark", which has been applied to all engines of this type since.
Bobrovytsia urban hromada
Bobrovytsia urban hromada (Ukrainian: Бобровицька міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Nizhyn Raion, Chernihiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the city of Bobrovytsia.

It has an area of 1,055.5 square kilometres (407.5 mi2) and a population of 24,750, as of 2020.

Nizhyn Raion
Nizhyn Raion  (Ukrainian: Ніжинський район) is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Nizhyn. The area of Nizhyn Raion is located within the Dnieper Lowland, in Polissya. The leading sectors of the Nizhyn Raion economy are agriculture, food industry, and forestry. Population: 215,908 (2022 estimate).
Microregion of Ijuí
The Microregion of Ijuí (Brazilian Portuguese: Microrregião de Ijuí) was one of the Microregions of the Rio Grande do Sul state, in Brazil. It belonged to the mesoregion of the Noroeste Rio-Grandense. Its population was estimated by the IBGE to be of 183.142 inhabitants in 2005, and it was divided in 15 Municipalities. Its total area was of 5.100,402 km². The IBGE has since discontinued the microregion system for population tracking, replacing it with the term "immediate geographic region" (Brazilian Portuguese: Região geográfica imediata).

Noroeste Rio-Grandense
Noroeste Rio-Grandense (English: Northwest of Rio Grande) was one of the seven Mesoregions on the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. It included 216 municipalities grouped in thirteen microregions. The IBGE has since discontinued the microregion system for population tracking, replacing it with the term "immediate geographic region" (Brazilian Portuguese: Região geográfica imediata).
The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance
The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (/ˈvæləns/) is a 1962 black and white American Western film directed by John Ford and starring John Wayne and James Stewart in their first film together. The screenplay by James Warner Bellah and Willis Goldbeck was adapted from a 1953 short story written by Dorothy M. Johnson. The supporting cast features Vera Miles, Lee Marvin, Edmond O'Brien, Andy Devine, John Carradine, Woody Strode, Strother Martin, and Lee Van Cleef.

In 2007, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Woody Strode
Woodrow Wilson Woolwine Strode (July 25, 1914 – December 31, 1994) was an American athlete, actor, and author. He was a decathlete and football star who was one of the first Black American players in the National Football League (NFL) in the postwar era. After football, he went on to become a film actor, where he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in Spartacus in 1960.
S & W Cafeteria (Asheville, North Carolina)
S & W Cafeteria is a historic S & W Cafeteria building located in the Downtown Asheville Historic District of Asheville, Buncombe County, North Carolina, US. It was designed by the architect Douglas Ellington and built in 1929. It is a three-story, brick building in the Art Deco style. The front facade is sheathed in grey ashlar and features polychrome ornamentation and exotic stylistic motifs. In 1974 the S & W Cafeteria moved to the Asheville Mall.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

In 2019 renovations began for the historic building to house S&W Market, a food hall and event venue. S&W Market opened in June 2021.

S&W Cafeteria
S&W Cafeteria was a Charlotte, North Carolina–based chain of cafeteria-style restaurants. The chain specialized in low-cost, Southern-style food. Branches were located in the Southeastern United States from Washington, D.C. to Atlanta, Georgia.
Hanoi–Lào Cai railway
Hanoi–Lào Cai Railway (Vietnamese: Đường sắt Hà Nội–Lào Cai) is a 296 km (184 mi) railway line serving northern Vietnam. It is a single-track metre gauge line connecting Hanoi with Lào Cai, on the China-Vietnam border in Lào Cai Province. It is the Vietnamese section of the metre gauge Kunming–Haiphong railway.

At the border, the Hanoi–Lào Cai railway connects with Kunming–Hekou railway of China.

China–Vietnam border
The China–Vietnam border is the international boundary between China and Vietnam, consisting of a 1,297 km (806 mi) terrestrial border stretching from the tripoint with Laos in the west to the Gulf of Tonkin coast in the east, and a maritime border in the Gulf of Tonkin and South China Sea.

While disputes over the terrestrial border have been settled with the signing of a land boundary treaty between the two countries, the maritime border is currently undefined due to disputes over the ownership of territorial waters and islands, including the Spratly and Paracel Islands.
Dishonour Be My Destiny
Dishonour Be My Destiny is a 1940 Australian radio play by Maxwell Dunn. The play was a biography of William Morton.

It was broadcast in a series of Australian plays and was voted second favourite by listeners and fourth best by judges.

The play was produced again later in 1940 in a shortened version.

Maxwell Dunn
Maxwell Dunn (1916-1965) was an Australian writer and producer of radio, films and prose.

Dunn was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He did a variety of jobs, including as an insurance agent and began writing for radio.

Dunn became production manager for the Macquarie network where he wrote and adapted numerous plays, serials and documentaries.

In 1951, Dunn left Australia to become Programme Director of Film Television with the United Nations Organisation. He worked for ten years in New York and New Delhi then returned to Australia shortly before his death in 1965.

Dunn's papers are at the University of Queensland.
Badshahpur
Badshapur is one of the 4 sub-division of Gurugram district of Haryana state, situated on the Gurugram-Sohna road (NH-248A). It is named after the Badshahpur Fort, which in turn was the abode of the wife of Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.

Gurgaon district
Gurgaon district, officially known as Gurugram district, is one of the 22 districts of Haryana in northern India. The city of Gurgaon is the administrative headquarters of the district. The population is 1,514,432. It is one of the southern districts of Haryana. On its north, it is bounded by the district of Jhajjar and the Union Territory of Delhi. Faridabad district lies to its east. To its south lie the districts of Palwal and Nuh. To the west lies Rewari district.
If You Knew Susie (film)
If You Knew Susie is a 1948 American comedy film directed by Gordon Douglas and written by Warren Wilson, Oscar Brodney, Bud Pearson and Lester A. White. The film was produced by, and starred, Eddie Cantor in his final starring role in a feature film.  The film also stars Joan Davis, Allyn Joslyn, Charles Dingle and Bobby Driscoll. The film was released on February 7, 1948, by RKO Pictures.

Oscar Brodney
Oscar Brodney (February 18, 1907 – February 12, 2008) was an American lawyer-turned-screenwriter. He is best known for his long association with Universal Studios, where his credits included Harvey, The Glenn Miller Story (1954), several Francis movies and the Tammy series.
Avren, Varna Province
Avren (Bulgarian: Аврен,  pronounced [ɐvˈrɛn]) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Varna Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Avren Municipality in the eastern part of Varna Province.

Varna Province
Varna Province (Bulgarian: Област Варна, romanized: Oblast Varna), formerly known as Varna okrug, is a province in eastern Bulgaria, one of the 28 Bulgarian provinces. It comprises 12 municipalities with a population of 494,216 as of April 2016. The province is named after its administrative centre, Varna.
Pieces of Her (TV series)
Pieces of Her is an American thriller drama television series created by Charlotte Stoudt, based on the 2018 novel of the same name by Karin Slaughter. The series stars Toni Collette, Bella Heathcote, Jacob Scipio, Omari Hardwick, and David Wenham. It premiered on Netflix on March 4, 2022.

Between February 27, 2022, and April 3, 2022, the series was watched for 227.5 million hours on Netflix, globally, according to Netflix top 10s.

Aaron Jeffery
Aaron C. Jeffery is a Logie Award-winning New Zealand-Australian actor. He is best known for his roles as Terry Watson in Water Rats, as Alex Ryan in McLeod's Daughters, and as Matt "Fletch" Fletcher in Wentworth.
Jack Mitchell (drummer)
Jack Edward Mitchell (born 28 April 1981) is a British drummer.  Part of Johnny Marr's band since 2012, he has previously played with Mutineers, Haven, Marion, Tailgunner and Bad Lieutenant.

Mitchell was in both Haven and Mutineers with current Johnny Marr bandmate Iwan Gronow.

Bad Lieutenant (band)
Bad Lieutenant was an English alternative rock supergroup formed following the second breakup of New Order. The band consisted of then-former New Order members Bernard Sumner and Phil Cunningham as well as Rambo & Leroy's Jake Evans.

The name of the band is taken from the 1992 film Bad Lieutenant directed by Abel Ferrara, which a friend of Johnny Marr's was watching when Sumner visited Marr's house.
Nerve decompression
A nerve decompression is a neurosurgical procedure to relieve chronic, direct pressure on a nerve to treat nerve entrapment, a pain syndrome characterized by severe chronic pain and muscle weakness. In this way a nerve decompression targets the underlying pathophysiology of the syndrome and is considered a first-line surgical treatment option for peripheral nerve pain. Despite treating the underlying cause of the disease, the symptoms may not be fully reversible as delays in diagnosis can allow permanent damage to occur to the nerve and surrounding microvasculature. Traditionally only nerves accessible with open surgery have been good candidates, however innovations in laparoscopy and nerve-sparing techniques made nearly all nerves in the body good candidates, as surgical access is no longer a barrier.

Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy includes various types of nerve damage associated with diabetes mellitus. The most common form, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, affects 30% of all diabetic patients. Studies suggests that cutaneous nerve branches, such as the sural nerve, are involved in more than half of patients with diabetes 10 years after the diagnosis and can be detected with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Symptoms depend on the site of nerve damage and can include motor changes such as weakness; sensory symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or pain; or autonomic changes such as urinary symptoms. These changes are thought to result from a microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (vasa nervorum).  Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include distal symmetric polyneuropathy; third, fourth, or sixth cranial nerve palsy; mononeuropathy; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; and autonomic neuropathy.
Chinaqucha (Arequipa)
Chinaqucha (Quechua china female, qucha lake, "female lake", also spelled Chinacocha) is a lake in the Arequipa Region in Peru. It is located in the Arequipa Province, Tarucani District. Chinaqucha lies northwest of Urququcha and the mountain named Suri Wasi.

Arequipa province
Arequipa is a province in the Arequipa Region, Peru. Its capital, Arequipa, is Peru's second most populous city. It borders the provinces of Islay, Camaná, and Caylloma. According to INEI, in the year 2017 it had a population of 1,080,635 people.
GMC Terrain
The GMC Terrain is a crossover SUV by American manufacturer General Motors under its GMC marque. Sharing its platform with the Chevrolet Equinox, the first-generation Terrain was built on GM's Theta platform, while subsequent generations are built on the Delta platform. The Terrain is the smallest GMC vehicle, slotted below the Acadia. It also indirectly replaced the Pontiac Torrent which was typically sold via the same dealers prior to General Motors dropping the Pontiac brand.

GMC (automobile)
GMC (formerly the General Motors Truck Company [1911–1943], or the GMC Truck & Coach Division [1943–1998]) is a division of American automotive manufacturer General Motors (GM) for trucks and utility vehicles. GMC currently makes SUVs, pickup trucks, vans, and light-duty trucks. In the past, GMC also produced fire trucks, ambulances, heavy-duty trucks, military vehicles, motorhomes, transit buses, and medium duty trucks.

While many of their vehicles are mechanically similar, GMC is positioned as a premium offering to the mainstream Chevrolet brand, and includes the luxury trim Denali. In North America, GMC vehicles are almost always sold alongside Buick (another premium brand) vehicles at multi-brand dealerships.
Trenčianske Teplice
Trenčianske Teplice (German: Trentschin-Teplitz; Hungarian: Trencsénteplic) is a health resort and small spa town in western Slovakia, in the valley of the river Teplička, at the foothills of the Strážovské vrchy mountains, a few kilometres away from the city of Trenčín.

Spa town
A spa town is a resort town based on a mineral spa (a developed mineral spring). Patrons may visit spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits.

Thomas Guidott set up a medical practice in the English town of Bath in 1668. He became interested in the curative properties of the hot mineral waters there and in 1676 wrote A discourse of Bathe, and the hot waters there. Also, Some Enquiries into the Nature of the water. This brought the purported health-giving properties of the waters to the attention of the aristocracy, who started to partake in them soon after.

The term spa is used for towns or resorts offering hydrotherapy, which can include cold water or mineral water treatments and geothermal baths, and comes from the Belgian town Spa.
Ravi Philemon
Ravi Chandran Philemon (born 15 May 1968) is a Singaporean politician and the secretary-general of Red Dot United (RDU) since its formation. Previously, Philemon was also a member of the National Solidarity Party (NSP), Progress Singapore Party (PSP) and Singapore People's Party (SPP).

Singapore People's Party
The Singapore People's Party (abbreviation: SPP) is a political party in Singapore.

SPP was founded in 1994 by Sin Kek Tong who left the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) with various SDP members after internal conflicts in SDP. The leadership was held by Sin until Chiam See Tong left SDP in December 1996 and Chiam assumed leadership.
Vo Tvoeto Srce
Vo Tvoeto Srce (Macedonian: Во Твоето Срце, English: In Your Heart) is the second studio album by Macedonian pop-rap performer, Vrčak. The album was a major success in the Macedonia following its release in 2006. The song "Vo Tvoeto Srce", featuring Andrej, debuted on the Macedonian Top 5 singles chart at #5 on May 14, 2006. The following week it placed at #3 before dropping back down to #5 for its last week on the chart. The album's second single, "Na Sedmo Nebo", a duet with Tamara, did considerably better as it debuted at #3 on the chart. In its second week on the chart, it peaked at #2 and, like the first single, remained on the chart for only three weeks, finishing off at #3.

Vrčak
Rade Vrčakovski (Macedonian: Раде Врчаковски [ˈraːdɛ vr̩ˈt͡ʃakɔfski] ⓘ; born 17 November 1980 in Strumica) better known by his stage name Vrčak (Врчак) is a Macedonian singer.

He represented Macedonia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008, performing the song "Let Me Love You" along with Tamara Todevska and Adrian Gaxha.
2007 Australian Open – Women's singles
Serena Williams defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 6–1, 6–2 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2007 Australian Open. It was her third Australian Open singles title and her eighth major singles title overall. Ranked as the world No. 81, she became the first unseeded player to win the title since Christine O'Neil in 1978. No. 1 seed (and World No. 2, respectively) Sharapova was nearly out of the tournament in her very first match against Camille Pin, despite being two points away to clinch the victory by potentially baggeling her opponent in the decider; she ultimately won 9–7 in the deciding set.

Amélie Mauresmo was the defending champion, but lost to Lucie Šafářová in the fourth round.

This marked the final Australian Open singles appearance for three-time champion Martina Hingis, who lost in the quarterfinals to Kim Clijsters.

Jelena Janković
Jelena Janković (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Јанковић, Serbian pronunciation: [jělena jǎːŋkoʋitɕ]; born 28 February 1985) is a Serbian former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 18 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2008. Janković won 15 WTA Tour-level singles titles and two doubles titles, including the 2007 Wimbledon mixed-doubles title partnering Jamie Murray. Her career-best major performance in singles was a runner-up finish at the 2008 US Open.
Dippel's oil
Dippel's oil (sometimes referred to as bone oil) is a nitrogenous by-product of the destructive distillation of bones and other parts of animal carcasses.

The oil is named after its inventor, Johann Konrad Dippel.
It is derived by multiple distillations from raw animal oil ("oleum animale foetidum crudum"), a dark, viscous, tar-like liquid with an unpleasant smell, consisting of aliphatic chains, with nitrogen functional groups including  pyrroles, pyridines and nitriles, as well as other nitrogenous compounds.

Oleum animale foetidum crudum had a number of uses, which are mostly obsolete. Its primary use was as an animal and insect repellent. It saw limited use as a chemical warfare harassing agent during the desert campaign of World War II. The oil was used to render wells undrinkable and thus deny their use to the enemy. 
By not being lethal, the oil was claimed to not be in breach of the Geneva Protocol.

Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom (=N−).  It is a highly flammable, weakly alkaline, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow. The pyridine ring occurs in many commercial compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. As of 2016, it is synthesized on the scale of about 20,000 tons per year worldwide.
A Heart Full of Music
A Heart Full of Music (German: Ein Herz voll Musik) is a 1955 West German musical romantic comedy film directed by Robert A. Stemmle and starring Vico Torriani, Ina Halley and Ruth Stephan. It was shot in Eastmancolor at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Rome and St. Moritz. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hertha Hareiter and Otto Pischinger.

Otto Pischinger
Otto Pischinger (1919–1976) was an Austrian art director who designed the sets for a large number of films during his career. In 1955 he worked on The Last Ten Days. He was married to Hertha Hareiter, also an art director, until his death.
Bragdy Nant
Bragdy Nant pronunciationⓘ is an ale brewery near the town of Llanrwst, North Wales. The brewery produces cask and bottle-conditioned ales, and is one of four North Wales breweries jointly operating the Albion Ale House in the town of Conwy.  The name Bragdy Nant is Welsh for River or Stream Brewery.

Bragdy Nant's dark ale Mwnci Nel was awarded silver in CAMRA's 2010 Champion Beer of Wales competition. The brewery has also produced an ale for the nearby Plas y Brenin mountaineering centre in Capel Curig.

Albion Ale House
The Albion Ale House or The Albion is a Grade II listed public house in Conwy, North Wales. Built in 1921, it is a three-room pub with Art Nouveau decor that underwent major renovation in 2012. The Albion is jointly operated by four North Wales breweries and real ales from these breweries and other beers are served through eight hand pumps. The Albion Ale House was named the 2013 Wales Pub of the Year by the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA), and named one of the world's best bars by The Guardian.

The four breweries that co-run The Albion are Conwy Brewery of Llysfaen, Bragdy Nant of Llanrwst, Great Orme Brewery of Llandudno, and Purple Moose Brewery of Porthmadog.
Synods of Pińczów
The Synods of Pińczów were a series of 22 Calvinist synods held in the town of Pińczów from 1550-1563.

At the time of the Reformation, Pińczów belonged to a Calvinist nobleman, Nicholas Oleśnicki, and was one of the centers of Calvinism and Arianism in Poland. Synods were held in the former Pauline monastery church. Associated with these synods were the Pińczów Academy and the Brest Bible translation project, together with the emergence of the Polish Brethren who were later known as Socinians.

Pińczów Academy
The Pińczów Academy or Gymnasium was a Calvinist college in Pińczów, Poland from 1550–1565. This coincides with the Calvinist synods of Pińczów 1550–1564.

Lord Nicholas Oleśnicki inherited the Pińczów estate in 1546. He was influenced by his wife Zofia Oleśnicka, and his father in law, to Calvinism. First Andreas Osiander and then the Italian ex-priest Francesco Stancaro, two Calvinist professors at the University of Königsberg, preached in Pińczów.

Stancaro moved Olesnicki to drive out the monks and convert the monastic church at Pinczow to Calvinist rite November 25, 1550. Then from 1551 founded the Academy.