hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sherman L. Kiser
Sherman Leo Kiser (31 Aug 1889, Huntington County, Indiana–24 Mar 1974, Fort Myers Beach, Lee, Florida) was a US Army officer.  He is famous in Philippine Boy Scouting history as the founder of the defunct Lorillard Spencer Troop, an early Boy Scout Troop in the Philippines, and is mentioned in every account of Philippine Boy Scouts history.

History of scouting in the Philippines
Various organizations have promoted Scouting activities in the Philippines: the YMCA, the Boy Scouts of America, the Camp Fire Girls, the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, the Girl Scouts of the Philippines, and the Boy Scouts of China.
The Curse of Capistrano
The Curse of Capistrano is a 1919 novel by Johnston McCulley and the first work to feature the Californio character Don Diego de la Vega, the masked hero also called Zorro. It first appeared as a five-part magazine serial. The story was adapted into the silent film The Mark of Zorro in 1920. It appeared in book form in 1924, also using the title The Mark of Zorro.

Johnston McCulley
John William Johnston McCulley (February 2, 1883 – November 23, 1958) was an American writer of hundreds of stories, fifty novels and numerous screenplays for film and television, and the creator of the character Zorro.
Jeff Seibert
Jeff Seibert (born July 27, 1985) is an American entrepreneur and angel investor. He is best known for co-founding Crashlytics, which in a little over a year was acquired by Twitter for over $100 million in 2013 (later valued at $259.5 million at Twitter's IPO), and co-founding Increo, which was acquired by Box in 2009. In 2020, Seibert starred in the American docudrama film The Social Dilemma.

Kimber Lockhart
Kimber Lockhart is the Chief Technology Officer at One Medical Group. Previously, she was the Senior Director of Web Application Engineering at Box. Prior to joining Box, she co-founded Increo, a secure web-based document sharing and review service. Increo was acquired by Box in October, 2009. She holds a B.S. in computer science from Stanford University.
SN 2020jfo
SN 2020jfo was a type II supernova in the Messier 61 galaxy, first observed on 6 May 2020 with an apparent magnitude of 16.01. It was one of the first supernovae for which independent, multi-instrument data was collected before, during, and after the explosion. Large astronomical surveys like Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Pan-STARRS have played a role in data collection before and after these events.

Messier 61
Messier 61 (also known as M61, NGC 4303, or the Swelling Spiral Galaxy) is an intermediate barred spiral galaxy in the Virgo Cluster of galaxies. It was first discovered by Barnaba Oriani on May 5, 1779, six days before Charles Messier discovered the same galaxy. Messier had observed it on the same night as Oriani but had mistaken it for a comet. Its distance  has been estimated to be  45.61 million light years from  the Milky Way Galaxy. It is a member of the M61 Group of galaxies, which is a member of the Virgo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the southern edge of the Virgo Supercluster.
John Underhill (captain)
John Underhill (c. 1608/09 – 21 July 1672) was an early English settler and soldier in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the Province of New Hampshire, where he also served as governor; the New Haven Colony, New Netherland, and later the Province of New York, settling on Long Island. Hired to train militia in New England, he is most noted for leading colonial militia in the Pequot War (1636–1637) and Kieft's War which the colonists mounted against two different groups of Native Americans. He also published an account of the Pequot War.

Kieft's War
Kieft's War (1643–1645), also known as the Wappinger War, was a conflict between the colonial province of New Netherland and the Wappinger and Lenape Indians in what is now New York and New Jersey. It is named for Director-General of New Netherland Willem Kieft, who had ordered an attack without the approval of his advisory council and against the wishes of the colonists. Dutch colonists attacked Lenape camps and massacred the inhabitants, which encouraged unification among the regional Algonquian tribes against the Dutch and precipitated waves of attacks on both sides. This was one of the earliest conflicts between settlers and Indians in the region. The Dutch West India Company was displeased with Kieft and recalled him, but he died in a shipwreck while returning to the Netherlands; Peter Stuyvesant succeeded him in New Netherland. Numerous Dutch settlers returned to the Netherlands because of the continuing threat from the Algonquians, and growth slowed in the colony.
John Robertson (Nova Scotia politician)
John Robertson (1784 – August 1872) was a sailor, merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Annapolis township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1820 to 1826.

He was the son of William Robertson and Sarah Timpany. He went to sea at a young age. Robertson married Bethiah Davoue, the daughter of Frederick Davoue (Devoux). He was involved in the trade with the West Indies. During his term in office, Robertson's business failed and his creditors had him put in jail; the other members of the assembly had him removed from jail so that he could continue to sit in the assembly.

He is buried in the Garrison Cemetery (Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia).

William Robertson (Nova Scotia)
Lt. Col. William Robertson was a military person, merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Annapolis Township in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1808 to 1811.

He was a United Empire Loyalist of Scottish descent and settled at Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. Robertson was involved in trade with the West Indies. In 1807, he was named agent for Indian affairs. He was elected to the provincial assembly in an 1808 by-election held after Thomas Walker was unseated. Robertson also served as a colonel in the militia.

He is buried in the Garrison Cemetery (Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia).

His son John Robertson also served in the provincial assembly.
Nelson Trad Sr.
Nelson Trad Sr. (30 October 1930 – 7 December 2011) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, held the position of federal deputy elected by of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Son of Assaf Trad and Margarida Maksoud, Lebanese immigrants. He married Therezinha Mandetta and had five children: Fátima, Maria Thereza, Marquinhos, Fábio and Nelsinho, the last three of whom were also politicians. He was the father of Nelson Trad Jr., re-elected mayor of Campo Grande and Marquinhos Trad, former councilor and federal deputy, currently mayor of Campo Grande for the PSD, and Fábio Trad, currently federal deputy.

He studied law at the University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) between 1953 and 1957. He was president of the Penitentiary Council of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul and of the Court of Sports Justice of the Football Federation.

Therezinha Mandetta Trad
Therezinha Mandetta Trad (12 February 1937 – 22 February 2023) was a Brazilian educator and the matriarch of the prominent Trad family. She was married to former federal deputy Nelson Trad Sr., with whom she had five children, including Mayor Marcos Marcello Trad; former federal deputy Fábio Trad; and Senator Nelsinho Trad.
4th Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom)
The 4th Anti-Aircraft Division (4th AA Division) was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army, created in the period of tension before the outbreak of the Second World War. It defended North West England during the Blitz.

33rd (Western) Anti-Aircraft Brigade
The 33rd (Western) Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an air defence formation of Anti-Aircraft Command of the Territorial Army, part of the British Army, formed shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War. It defended Merseyside and West Lancashire during The Blitz.
2015 U.S. National Gymnastics Championships
The 2015 P&G U.S. National Gymnastics Championships was the 52nd edition of the U.S. National Gymnastics Championships. The competition was held from August 13–16, 2015 at the Bankers Life Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the fourth time the competition has been held in the city.

USA Gymnastics National Championships
The USA Gymnastics National Championships is the annual artistic gymnastics national competition held in the United States for elite-level competition. It is currently organized by USA Gymnastics, the governing body for gymnastics in the United States. The national championships have been held since 1963.
Creole House
The Creole House is a historic residence in the village of Prairie du Rocher, an old French settlement in present-day Randolph County, Illinois, United States.  Built at the end of the eighteenth century and later expanded, the Creole House is the last survivor in Illinois of its type of vernacular architecture, and it forms an important part of the built environment of a portion of the Upper Mississippi Valley that possesses an unparalleled connection to the French settlement period.

Prairie du Rocher, Illinois
Prairie du Rocher ("The Rock Prairie" in French) is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. Founded in the French colonial period in the Midwest, the community is located near bluffs that flank the east side of the Mississippi River along the floodplain often called the "American Bottom". The population was 502 at the 2020 census.
Matzpen
Matzpen (Hebrew: מצפן, lit. 'Compass'), founded in 1962, was an Israeli revolutionary socialist and anti-Zionist organisation. It was active until the 1980s. Its official name was the Socialist Organisation in Israel, but it became better known as Matzpen after its monthly publication.

Ehud Adiv
Ehud "Udi" Adiv (Hebrew: אהוד "אודי" אדיב; born June 21, 1946) is an Israeli political scientist. He was a lecturer at the Open University of Israel.  In his youth, he was a left-wing anti-Zionist activist (a member of Ma'avak) who was eventually convicted of treason and membership in a hostile organization, serving over a decade in prison.
Olympiakos Nicosia
Olympiakos Nicosia (Greek: Ολυμπιακός Λευκωσίας, Olympiakos Lefkosias) is a Cypriot football club based in Nicosia and competes in the First Division. The club was founded in 1931, and is a founding member of the Cyprus Football Association. The club colors are black and green. Olympiakos' home ground is the new GSP Stadium, which has a 23,000-seat capacity. The team's main nickname is "mavroprasini" (the green-blacks), and the club's other nickname is Taktakalas, derived from the area of Nicosia where the club hails from.

Olympiakos Nicosia has won three Cypriot First Division Championships, one Cypriot Cup and one Cyprus Super Cup.

In the past the club also had track and field, basketball, volleyball, cycling, table tennis, weightlifting and futsal teams. It also in the past had an orchestra, choir and camping divisions; the latter explaining why the club's badge has a tent on it.

Apollon Limassol FC
Apollon Limassol FC (Greek: Απόλλων Λεμεσού, Apollon Lemesou) is a Cypriot sports club, based in Limassol. It has football, basketball and volleyball teams. Founded in 1954, Apollon FC currently plays in the Cypriot First Division and has won the championship title four times, the cup nine times and the Super Cup four times.
USS Crag
USS Crag (AM-214) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was originally ordered, laid down, and launched as USS Craig (AM-214), but was renamed Crag in August 1944. She was awarded one battle star for service in the Pacific sweeping mines after the end of World War II. She was decommissioned in March 1948 and placed in reserve. While she remained in reserve, Crag was reclassified as MSF-214 in February 1955 but never reactivated. In 1962, she was sold to the Mexican Navy and renamed ARM DM-15. Her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary sources.

Admirable-class minesweeper
The Admirable class was one of the largest and most successful classes of minesweepers ordered by the United States Navy during World War II.  Typically, minesweepers detected and removed naval mines before the rest of the fleet arrived, thereby ensuring safe passage for the larger ships. They were also charged with anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with rear-mounted depth charge racks and a forward-firing Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar.  Their job was essential to the safety and success of U.S. naval operations during World War II and the Korean War. These minesweepers were also employed as patrol vessel and convoy escorts. The only remaining ship of this class is located at Freedom Park, Omaha, NE.

The PCE-842-class of patrol craft escorts was based on the Admirable-class design.
Queen (chess)
The queen (♕, ♛) is the most powerful piece in the game of chess. It can move any number of squares vertically, horizontally or diagonally, combining the powers of the rook and bishop. Each player starts the game with one queen, placed in the middle of the first rank next to the king. Because the queen is the strongest piece, a pawn is promoted to a queen in the vast majority of cases; if a pawn is promoted to a piece other than a queen, it is an underpromotion.

The predecessor to the queen is the ferz, a weak piece only able to move or capture one step diagonally, originating from the Persian game of shatranj. The queen acquired its modern move in Spain in the 15th century.

Rook (chess)
The rook (/rʊk/; ♖, ♜) is a piece in the game of chess. It may move any number of squares horizontally or vertically without jumping, and it may capture an enemy piece on its path; it may participate in castling. Each player starts the game with two rooks, one in each corner on their side of the board.

Formerly, the rook (from Persian: رخ, romanized: rokh/rukh, lit. 'chariot') was alternatively called the tower, marquess, rector, and comes (count or earl). The term "castle" is considered to be informal or old-fashioned.
Ernst von Salomon
Ernst von Salomon (25 September 1902 – 9 August 1972) was a German novelist and screenwriter. A Freikorps member after WWI, he later joined the terror group Organisation Consul (1920–1922) and was convicted and imprisoned for taking part in the assassination of foreign minister Walther Rathenau. He was also convicted of attempted murder in the Feme murders case but was pardoned by Reich President Paul von Hindenburg. He then participated in the Conservative Revolution (1918–1933) and during the Nazi era wrote film scripts for UFA and served in the Volkssturm. He was arrested by US authorities after WWII and later wrote The Questionnaire about Allied denazification efforts.

The Outlaws (novel)
The Outlaws is a 1930 novel by the German writer Ernst von Salomon. Its German title is Die Geächteten, which means "the ostracised". Set between 1919 and 1922, the narrative is based on Salomon's experiences from the Freikorps, and includes an account of the 1922 assassination of foreign minister Walther Rathenau, in which the then 19-year-old Salomon was peripherically involved. The Outlaws was Salomon's debut novel. It was published in English in 1931, translated by Ian F. D. Morrow.

The novel was a commercial success. It was followed by two sequels, It Cannot Be Stormed from 1932 and Die Kadetten/The Cadets from 1933.
Turk Broda
Walter Edward "Turk" Broda (May 15, 1914 — October 17, 1972) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. A goaltender, Broda played his entire career for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1936 and 1951, taking a brief hiatus from 1943 to 1946 to fight in the Second World War. The 1940-41 season saw him win his first Vezina Trophy with a GAA of 2.00 to go along with being named to the NHL First All-Star Team. The following season saw him backstop the team to the Stanley Cup championship, recording a shutout and a record of 8-5.

Broda added another Vezina Trophy and First All-Star Team selection in 1948 while winning four more Stanley Cups. He was the first goaltender to reach 300 wins, doing so in 1950. After retiring from active play, Broda coached minor league and junior ice hockey teams. In 2017 Broda was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

1942 Stanley Cup Final
The 1942 Stanley Cup Final was a best-of-seven series between the Toronto Maple Leafs and the Detroit Red Wings. After losing the first three games, the Maple Leafs won the next four to upset the Red Wings in seven games, winning their fourth Stanley Cup and becoming the first team in North American sports history to overcome a 3–0 series deficit to win a playoff series. Toronto is still the only NHL team to win a Stanley Cup Final after being down 3–0 in the series.

It was the first Stanley Cup Finals in history to go seven games, and the only Stanley Cup Finals to result in a reverse sweep.
Redland Museum
The Redlands Coast Museum (formerly Redland Museum) is the local history museum of South East Queensland's Redlands region, situated in the suburb of Cleveland. It collects and preserves Redlands' social history to the present day.

With close to 20,000 items on display and in storage, the Museum regards itself as a unique, dynamic, inclusive museum in Queensland. Along with a 2,700m2 building in Cleveland, the museum operates a historical reference library, the adjacent functional blacksmith's shop, and a small outpost on nearby Russell Island.

Cleveland, Queensland
Cleveland is a coastal and central locality in the City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Cleveland had a population of 15,850 people.

Its location makes it a transport hub for islands in Moreton Bay.
Stowe House
Stowe House is a Grade I listed country house in Stowe, Buckinghamshire, England. It is the home of the private Stowe School and is owned by the Stowe House Preservation Trust. Over the years, it has been restored and maintained as one of the finest country houses in the UK. Stowe House is regularly open to the public.

The gardens (known as Stowe Gardens, formerly Stowe Landscape Gardens) are a significant example of the English landscape garden and, along with the parkland, passed into the ownership of the National Trust in 1989. Members of the National Trust have free access to the gardens, but there is a charge for all visitors to the house, which goes toward the costs of restoration. The gardens and most of the parkland are listed Grade I separately from the house. The park and gardens saw 213,721 visitors during 2020/21.

Thomas Pitt, 1st Baron Camelford
Thomas Pitt, 1st Baron Camelford (3 March 1737 – 19 January 1793) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1761 until 1784 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Camelford. He was an art connoisseur.
Alajärven Ankkurit
Alajärven Ankkurit (lit. "Alajärvi Anchors") is a Finnish sports club from Alajärvi. It was founded in 1944. Alajärven Ankkurit has participated in many sports in Finland over the years, such as athletics, skiing and volleyball. Since 1980s, the club's main successes have been in pesäpallo. Alajärven Ankkurit is playing in the top-tier Superpesis.

Alajärven Ankkurit has won the men's Finnish Pesäpallo Championship (Superpesis) two times in years 1988 and 1989. The home ground of Alajärven Ankkurit is the Kitro Stadium.

Alajärvi
Alajärvi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈɑlɑˌjærʋi]; lit. 'lower lake') is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the South Ostrobothnia region. The town has a population of 9,065 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,056.74 square kilometres (408.01 sq mi) of which 47.99 km2 (18.53 sq mi) is water. The population density is 8.99 inhabitants per square kilometre (23.3/sq mi). The town is unilingually Finnish.

The municipality of Lehtimäki was consolidated with Alajärvi on 1 January 2009.
The Invisible Woman (2013 film)
The Invisible Woman is a 2013 British biographical drama film directed by Ralph Fiennes and starring Fiennes, Felicity Jones, Kristin Scott Thomas and Tom Hollander. Written by Abi Morgan, and based on the 1990 book of the same name by Claire Tomalin, the film is about the affair between Charles Dickens and Nelly Ternan, which lasted for thirteen years until his death in 1870. The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on 31 August 2013, and was released in the United Kingdom on 7 February 2014. The film received a Best Costume Design nomination (Michael O'Connor) at the 86th Academy Awards.

Catherine Dickens
Catherine Thomson "Kate" Dickens (née Hogarth; 19 May 1815 – 22 November 1879) was a British author and purportedly a popular cook and author of a Victorian cookbook "What Shall We have For Dinner" under the pen name Lady Maria Clutterbuck. For about twenty years, she was married to the novelist Charles Dickens, during which time she kept up a large house and raised ten children. Following their highly public and very controversial separation, in 1858, Catherine was subjected to broader scrutiny in the press and increasingly defamed, many characterizations being, it was said, formed through her husband's public slander of her. Recent scholarly appraisals have tried to reinstate voice and agency to her, acknowledge her contributions to Victorian domestic culture, and reconsider the gendered dynamics of her marriage.
North Berwick Branch
The North Berwick Branch is a short railway branch line built by the North British Railway to connect North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland to the East Coast Main Line (at Drem). It was built as a tactical means of excluding competitors from the area, and when it opened in 1850 it was loss making. The later development of North Berwick as a resort and a golfing centre transformed the branch line.

Goods train operation on the branch ceased in 1968, but the line was electrified at 25 kV AC overhead in 1991 and now enjoys a regular ScotRail passenger service to Edinburgh.

North Berwick
North Berwick (/ˈbɛrɪk/; BEH-rik; Scottish Gaelic: Bearaig a Tuath) is a seaside town and former royal burgh in East Lothian, Scotland. It is situated on the south shore of the Firth of Forth, approximately 20 miles (32 km) east-northeast of Edinburgh. North Berwick became a fashionable holiday resort in the nineteenth century because of its two sandy bays, the East (or Milsey) Bay and the West Bay, and continues to attract holidaymakers. Golf courses at the ends of each bay are open to visitors.
PAGASA
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (full name: Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration) (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmosperiko, Heopisiko at Astronomiko), abbreviated as PAGASA or DOST-PAGASA, is the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the Philippines mandated to provide protection against natural calamities and to ensure the safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and for the promotion of national progress by undertaking scientific and technological services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, astronomy and other geophysical sciences. Created on December 8, 1972, by reorganizing the Weather Bureau, PAGASA now serves as one of the Scientific and Technological Services Institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.

Manila Observatory
The Manila Observatory is a non-profit research institute housed on the campus of the Ateneo de Manila University in Quezon City, Philippines. It was founded by the Society of Jesus, commonly known as the Jesuits, in 1865 as the Observatorio Meteorológico del Ateneo Municipal de Manila. It was later renamed Observatorio Meteorológico de Manila. 
It has done weather forecasting and earthquake research and today researches seismic and geomagnetic phenomena as well as radio and solar physics.