hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
River Dove, North Yorkshire
The River Dove is a river in North Yorkshire, England.  It rises on the North York Moors and flows south to join the River Rye, itself a tributary of the River Derwent. The upper valley of the river is known as Farndale. The name is of Brittonic Celtic origin, meaning "dark river". Its principal tributary is the Hodge Beck.

Hodge Beck
Hodge Beck is a stream that flows through the North York Moors national park in North Yorkshire, England. It is a tributary of the River Dove which it joins near Welburn south of Kirkbymoorside. The beck is 14 miles (23 km) long and has a total catchment area of 58 square kilometres (22 sq mi).
Flying High (musical)
Flying High is a musical comedy with book by B. G. DeSylva, Lew Brown, and Jack McGowan, lyrics by B. G. DeSylva and Lew Brown, music by Ray Henderson. Set in Manhattan and Newark, New Jersey, the musical is about an inventor, Rusty Krouse, who is attempting to enter his "Aerocopter", in the upcoming 10th Annual Air Show at an airport.

Produced by George White, the Broadway production opened on March 3, 1930 at the Apollo Theatre for a total run of 355 performances. The cast included Bert Lahr as Rusty Krouse, Oscar Shaw as Tod Addison, Kate Smith as Pansy Sparks, Russ Brown as Sport, Pearl Osgood as Bunny McHugh, Grace Brinkley as Eileen Cassidy, and the Gale Sisters: Jean Gale, June Gale, Joan Gale, and Jane Gale.

This was the last of the DeSylva, Brown and Henderson Broadway musicals.

It was adapted into a 1931 film of the same name.

Buddy DeSylva
George Gard "Buddy" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 – July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter, film producer and record executive. He wrote or co-wrote many popular songs, and, along with Johnny Mercer and Glenn Wallichs, he co-founded Capitol Records.
Helena of Denmark
Princess Helena of Denmark (also Helene Valdemarsdatter) (c. 1180 – 22 November 1233 in Lüneburg) was heiress of Garding and Lady of Lüneburg.

Helena was daughter of Valdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk and sister of Ingeborg of Denmark, Queen of France.

In her youth, she was betrothed to a son of Frederick I Barbarossa. In 1184, the marriage was reportedly cancelled after her brother, Canute IV, refused to swear fealty to the Emperor.

In the summer of 1202 in Hamburg, Helena married Lord William of Lüneburg. Helena and William had a son, the future Duke, Otto I, The Child. After the early death of her husband, Duke William, in 1213, his brother, Emperor Otto IV, took over the reign of Lüneburg, as regent for Otto the Child. Otto was appointed heir of the allodial property of the Guelphs by his uncle Henry the Elder.

Helena died in 1233 and was buried in the Benedictine monastery of St. Michael in Lüneburg.

Sophia of Minsk
Sophia of Minsk or Sophia of Polotsk (died 5 May 1198) was a Danish queen consort by marriage to King Valdemar I of Denmark, and a landgravine of Thuringia by marriage to Louis III, Landgrave of Thuringia.
Martin Baltimore
The Martin 187 Baltimore was a twin-engined light attack bomber built by the Glenn L. Martin Company in the United States as the A-30. The model was originally ordered by the French in May 1940 as a follow-up to the earlier Martin Maryland, then in service in France. With the fall of France, the production series was diverted to the United Kingdom and after mid-1941, supplied by the U.S. as Lend Lease equipment.

Development of the Baltimore was hindered by a series of problems, although the type eventually became a versatile combat aircraft. Produced in large numbers, the Baltimore was not used operationally by United States armed forces but eventually served with the British, Canadian, Australian, South African, Hellenic and the Italian air forces. It was subsequently used almost exclusively in the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II.

M1919 Browning machine gun
The M1919 Browning is a .30 caliber medium machine gun that was widely used during the 20th century, especially during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The M1919 saw service as a light infantry, coaxial, mounted, aircraft, and anti-aircraft machine gun by the U.S and many other countries.

The M1919 was an air-cooled development of the standard U.S. machine gun of World War I, the John M. Browning-designed water-cooled M1917. The emergence of general-purpose machine guns in the 1950s pushed the M1919 into secondary roles in many cases, especially after the arrival of the M60 in US Army service.

The United States Navy also converted many to 7.62 mm NATO and designated them Mk 21 Mod 0; they were commonly used on riverine craft in the 1960s and 1970s in Vietnam. Many NATO countries also converted their examples to 7.62 mm caliber, and these remained in service well into the 1990s, as well as up to the present day in some countries.
Quartz diorite
Quartz diorite is an igneous, plutonic (intrusive) rock, of felsic composition, with phaneritic texture. Feldspar is present as plagioclase (typically oligoclase or andesine) with 10% or less potassium feldspar. Quartz is present at between 5 and 20% of the rock. Biotite, amphiboles and pyroxenes are common dark accessory minerals.

Quartz diorite occurs in association with other granitic rocks such as granodiorite, and with volcanic rock. In western North America a "quartz diorite line" occurs; west of this line, the dominant granitic rock is quartz diorite.

Granodiorite
Granodiorite (/ˌɡrænoʊˈdaɪ.əraɪt, ˌɡrænəˈ-/ GRAN-oh-DY-ə-ryte, GRAN-ə-) is a coarse-grained (phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar.

The term banatite is sometimes used informally for various rocks ranging from granite to diorite, including granodiorite. The term granodiorite was first used by G. F. Becker (1893) to describe granitic rocks in the Sierra Nevada, United States.
South Bird's Head languages
The South Bird's Head or South Doberai languages are three families of Papuan languages. They form part of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Malcolm Ross (2005) and Timothy Usher (2020), though Pawley and Hammarström (2018) do not consider them to be part of Trans–New Guinea. However, according to Dryer (2022), based on a preliminary quantitative analysis of data from the ASJP database, South Bird's Head languages are likely to be a subgroup of Trans–New Guinea.

Trans–New Guinea languages
Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as parts of Indonesia.

Trans–New Guinea is perhaps the third-largest language family in the world by number of languages. The core of the family is considered to be established, but its boundaries and overall membership are uncertain. The languages are spoken by around 3 million people. There have been several main proposals as to its internal classification.
United States Commission on Civil Rights
The United States Commission on Civil Rights (CCR) is a bipartisan, independent commission of the United States federal government, created by the Civil Rights Act of 1957 during the Eisenhower administration, which is charged with the responsibility for investigating, reporting on, and making recommendations concerning civil rights issues in the United States. Specifically, the CCR investigates allegations of discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, disability. In January 2025, Peter Kirsanow was appointed to serve as chair.

Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 1975d, all statutory authority for the commission terminated on September 30, 1996, and Congress has not passed new legislation, but has continued to pass appropriations.

Clarence M. Pendleton Jr.
Clarence McClane Pendleton Jr. (November 10, 1930 – June 5, 1988) was the politically conservative African American chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights,  a position that he held from 1981 until his death during the administration of U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
Proto-Semitic language
Proto-Semitic is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Semitic languages. There is no consensus regarding the location of the linguistic homeland for Proto-Semitic: scholars hypothesize that it may have originated in the Levant, the Sahara, the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, or northern Africa.

The Semitic language family is considered part of the broader macro-family of Afroasiatic languages.

Samekh
Samekh or samech is the fifteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician sāmek 𐤎, Hebrew sāmeḵ ס‎, Aramaic samek 𐡎, and Syriac semkaṯ ܣ. Samekh is the only letter of the Semitic abjad that has no surviving descendant in the Arabic alphabet; however, it was present in the Nabataean alphabet, the Arabic alphabet's immediate predecessor, as the letter simkath 𐢖‎, which was related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪏‎‎‎ and South Arabian 𐩯. The numerical value of samekh is 60.

Samekh represents a voiceless alveolar fricative /s/. In the Hebrew language, the samekh ס‎ has the same pronunciation as the left-dotted shin שׂ‎.

In Arabic, samekh is replaced by the letter sīn (س‎, /s/) which is the 15th letter in the common Abjadi order, and the 12th letter in the Hija'i order, it has the same numerical (abjad) value of 60 in the common Abjadi order.
Skiddaw Group
The Skiddaw Group is a group of sedimentary rock formations named after the mountain Skiddaw in the English Lake District. The rocks are almost wholly Ordovician in age (Tremadoc through Arenig to Llanvirn epochs) though the lowermost beds are possibly of Cambrian age. This rock sequence has previously been known as the Skiddaw Slates, the Skiddaw Slates Group and the Skiddavian Series. Its base is not exposed but in its main outcrop area, it is considered to be in excess of 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) thick though less elsewhere. It consists largely of mudstones and siltstones with subordinate wacke-type sandstones. Their main occurrence is within the northern and central fells of the Lake District, either side of the major ENE-WSW aligned Causey Pike Fault, but inliers are found at Black Combe in the south of the Lake District and at Cross Fell in the North Pennines.

Causey Pike Fault
The Causey Pike Fault or Causey Pike Thrust is a major WSW-ENE trending fault within the Lower Paleozoic rocks of the English Lake District. It is named for Causey Pike, where the fault was first recognised.
Gandu, Qinghai
Gandu (Chinese: 甘都镇) is a town in Hualong Hui Autonomous County, Haidong, Qinghai, China. In 2010, Gandu had a total population of 20,536: 10,040 males and 10,496 females: 6,629 aged under 14, 12,454 aged between 15 and 65 and 1,453 aged over 65.

Hualong Hui Autonomous County
Hualong Hui Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 化隆回族自治县; traditional Chinese: 化隆回族自治縣; pinyin: Huàlóng Huízú Zìzhìxiàn; Xiao'erjing: خُوَلْو خُوِذُو ذِجِشِیًا‎) is a county in the east of Qinghai Province, China. It is under the administration of Haidong City. Its area is 2,790 square kilometers and has a population of 203,317 in 2010.
Bryan Hitch
Bryan Hitch (born 22 April 1970) is a British comics artist and writer. Hitch began his career in the United Kingdom for Marvel UK, working on titles such as Action Force and Death's Head, before gaining prominence on American titles such as Wildstorm's Stormwatch and The Authority, DC Comics' JLA, and Marvel Comics' The Ultimates.

Hitch's artwork and designs have appeared in direct-to-video animated films, television, and major feature films, such as the 2009 film Star Trek, for which he has been praised by director J. J. Abrams.

Mark Waid
Mark Waid (/weɪd/; born March 21, 1962) is an American comic book writer best known for his work on DC Comics titles The Flash, Kingdom Come and Superman: Birthright as well as his work on Captain America, Fantastic Four and Daredevil for Marvel. Other comics publishers he has done work for include Fantagraphics, Event, Top Cow, Dynamite, and Archie Comics.

From August 2007 to December 2010, Waid served as Editor-in-Chief and later Chief Creative Officer of Boom! Studios, where he also published his creator-owned series Irredeemable and Incorruptible.

In October 2018, Waid joined Humanoids Publishing as Director of Creative Development before being promoted to Publisher in February 2020. Waid left Humanoids to return to freelancing in 2022.
Shikoku
Shikoku (四国, Shikoku; pronounced [ɕi̥ꜜ.ko.kɯ, ɕi̥.koꜜ.kɯ] ⓘ, lit. 'four provinces') is the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. It is 225 kilometres (140 miles) long and between 50 and 150 kilometres (30 and 95 miles) wide. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. Shikoku's ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima (伊予之二名島), Iyo-shima (伊予島), and Futana-shima (二名島), and its current name refers to the four former provinces that make up the island: Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo.

Takamatsu
Takamatsu (高松市, Takamatsu-shi; Japanese: [takaꜜmatsɯ]) is a capital city located in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 414,134 in 190,120 households and a population density of 1,100 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 375.41 square kilometres (144.95 sq mi). It is the capital city of the prefecture.
Bar spoon
A bar spoon is a long-handled spoon used in bartending for mixing and layering of both alcoholic and non-alcoholic mixed drinks. Its length ensures that it can reach the bottom of the tallest jug or tumbler to mix ingredients directly in the glass.

A bar spoon holds about 5 millilitres of liquid (the same as a conventional teaspoon). Its long handle is similar to an iced tea spoon, but is usually decorative and elegant – some variations mimic large swizzle sticks, with a disc at one end. The shaft is typically thin and threaded so that the fingers can easily grip and rotate the spoon.

Teaspoon
Serving spoon

Tablespoon (tbsp.)

Dessert spoon (dsp.)

Teaspoon (tsp.)

A teaspoon (tsp.) is a small spoon that can be used to stir a cup of tea or coffee, or as a tool for measuring volume. The size of teaspoons ranges from about 2.5 to 7.3 mL (0.088 to 0.257 imp fl oz; 0.085 to 0.247 US fl oz). For dosing of medicine and, in places where metric units are used, for cooking purposes, a teaspoonful is defined as 5 mL (0.18 imp fl oz; 0.17 US fl oz), and standard measuring spoons are used.
Joseph ben Isaac Bekhor Shor
Joseph ben Isaac Bekhor Shor of Orléans (12th century) (Hebrew: יוֹסֵף בֶּן־יִצחָק בְּכוֹר־שׁוֹר) was a French tosafist, exegete, and poet who flourished in the second half of the 12th century. He was the father of Abraham ben Joseph of Orleans and Saadia Bekhor Shor.

Abraham ben Joseph of Orleans
Abraham ben Joseph of Orleans (Hebrew: רבי אברהם בן יוסף c. 1140) was an early 12th-century French Tosafist and the son of Joseph Bekhor Shor and the brother of Saadia Bekhor Shor. Some have suggested that he is  identical with Abraham ben Rabbi Joce (the Chief Rabbi of London in 1186). Many of his interpretations of the Talmud are quoted several times in the Tosafot.
St. Paul's Episcopal Church (Englewood, New Jersey)
St. Paul's Episcopal Church is located at 113 Engle Street at the corner of Church Street in the city of Englewood in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The congregation was organized in 1865, and their first church was erected in 1866. It is a parish of the Episcopal Diocese of Newark and the worldwide Anglican Communion. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 5, 2014, for its significance in art and architecture.

Englewood, New Jersey
Englewood is a city in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. Englewood was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1899, from portions of Ridgefield Township and the remaining portions of Englewood Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 29,308, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 2,161 (+8.0%) from the 2010 census count of 27,147, which in turn reflected an increase of 944 (+3.6%) from the 26,203 counted in the 2000 census.
Aston Webb
Sir Aston Webb, GCVO, CB, RA, FRIBA (22 May 1849 – 21 August 1930) was a British architect who designed the principal facade of Buckingham Palace and the main building of the Victoria and Albert Museum, among other major works around England, many of them in partnership with Ingress Bell. He was president of the Royal Academy from 1919 to 1924. He was also the founding chairman of the London Society.

St Andrew's Church, Fulham
St. Andrew's Church, Fulham, also known as St. Andrew's Church, West Kensington, is a Church of England church located in West Kensington, near Fulham in southwest London. The church was founded in 1873. The church is notable for the fact that some of its parishioners were responsible for establishing Fulham Football Club. It has been Grade II listed since 2009.
Collimator sight
A collimator sight is a type of optical sight that allows the user looking into it to see an illuminated aiming point aligned with the device the sight is attached to, regardless of eye position (with little parallax). They are also referred to as collimating sights  or "occluded eye gunsight" (OEG).

Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight
The Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight (ACOG) is a series of prismatic telescopic sights manufactured by Trijicon. The ACOG was originally designed to be used on the M16 rifle and M4 carbine, but Trijicon has also developed ACOG accessories for other firearms. Models provide fixed-power magnification levels from 1.25× to 6×. ACOG reticles are illuminated at night by an internal tritium phosphor. Some versions have an additional daytime reticle illumination via a passive external fiberoptic light pipe or are LED-illuminated using a dry battery. The first ACOG model, known as the TA01, was released in 1987.
Dugu, Hebei
Dugu (Chinese: 杜固; pinyin: Dùgù) is a town of Xinle City in western Hebei province, China, located 17 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of downtown Xinle. As of 2018, it has 14 villages under its administration.

Xinle, Hebei
Xinle (simplified Chinese: 新乐; traditional Chinese: 新樂; pinyin: Xīnlè; lit. 'New Joy') is a county-level city of Hebei Province, North China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang.
Ishikawajima Tsu-11
The Ishikawajima Tsu-11 was a motorjet produced in small numbers in Japan in the closing stages of World War II. It was principally designed to propel the Japanese Yokosuka MXY7 Ohka flying bomb, a kamikaze weapon.

Motorjet
A motorjet is a rudimentary type of jet engine which is sometimes referred to as thermojet, a term now commonly used to describe a particular and completely unrelated pulsejet design. It uses a piston engine to drive a compressor when was then used to combust fuel, similar to a jet engine.
Carmel College, Auckland
Carmel College is a Catholic secondary school for girls located in Milford on Auckland's North Shore. It was established by the Sisters of Mercy in 1957 starting with a student roll of only 15 girls. The College's brother school is nearby Rosmini College.

Milford, New Zealand
Milford is a suburb located on the North Shore, Auckland. It is located on northern side of Lake Pupuke. It also has a popular swimming beach, which runs some two kilometres from Black Rock in the south to Castor Bay in the north. The Wairau Creek reaches the sea at the Hauraki Gulf at the northern end of Milford Beach, and its lower tidal reaches host the Milford Marina.
Our Lord's Sermon on the Mount
Our Lord's Sermon on the Mount (originally De sermone Domini in monte) is a book written by the Christian saint Augustine of Hippo in 393.

The book is a commentary on Jesus's speech known as the Sermon on the Mount, as presented in the Gospel of Matthew Chapters 5-7.  Augustine considered this speech "a perfect standard of the Christian life".

Augustine wrote the book in two volumes. In the first volume he studies Chapter 5 and asks, "Is it humanely possible to put the Beatitudes into practice?" The second volume studies Chapters 6 and 7, and offers a condensed theology of prayer.

Sermon on the Mount
The Sermon on the Mount (translated from Vulgate Latin section title Sermo in monte) is a collection of sayings spoken by Jesus of Nazareth found in chapters 5, 6, and 7 of the Gospel of Matthew that summarizes his moral teachings. It is the first of five discourses in the Gospel and has been one of the most widely quoted sections of the Gospels.
2020 South Alabama Jaguars football team
The 2020 South Alabama Jaguars football team represented the University of South Alabama in the 2020 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Jaguars played their home games at Hancock Whitney Stadium in Mobile, Alabama, and competed in the West Division of the Sun Belt Conference. They were led by third-year head coach Steve Campbell.

This was the team's first season at Hancock Whitney Stadium, after competing for 10 years at Ladd–Peebles Stadium. After the team completed their season with a 4–7 record (3–5 in conference play), Campbell was fired on December 6, 2020.

Hancock Whitney Stadium
Hancock Whitney Stadium is a 25,450-seat multi-purpose stadium on the campus of the University of South Alabama in Mobile, Alabama. It is the home of the South Alabama Jaguars football program, starting with the 2020 season. The stadium replaced Ladd–Peebles Stadium, a city-owned all-purpose stadium located some 9 miles (14 km) from the campus where the school had played its football games since 2009. The stadium carries the name of Hancock Whitney, a bank holding company headquartered in Gulfport, Mississippi, while its playing surface is designated as the Abraham A. Mitchell Field, named after a substantial donor to the program.  Hancock Whitney Stadium is located on the west part of the South Alabama campus near the football field house, practice fields, and Jaguar Training Center, which is the largest covered practice facility in the state of Alabama.
Luminism (American art style)
Luminism is a style of American landscape painting from the 1850s to 1870s, characterized by effects of light in a landscape, through the use of aerial perspective and the concealing of visible brushstrokes. Luminist landscapes emphasize tranquility, often depicting calm, reflective water and a soft, hazy sky. Artists most central to the development of the luminist style include Fitz Henry Lane, Martin Johnson Heade, Sanford Gifford, and John F. Kensett.

Painters with a less clear affiliation include Frederic Edwin Church, Jasper Cropsey, Albert Bierstadt, Worthington Whittredge, Raymond Dabb Yelland, Alfred Thompson Bricher, James Augustus Suydam, and David Johnson. Some precursor artists are George Harvey and Robert Salmon. Joseph Rusling Meeker also worked in the style.

Robert Salmon
Robert Salmon (1775 – c. 1845) was a maritime artist, active in both England and America.  Salmon completed nearly 1,000 paintings, all save one of maritime scenes or seascapes.  He is widely considered the Father of American Luminism.
KD Estrada
Kyle Daiñel Magno Estrada (born May 3, 2002), better known as KD Estrada is a Filipino actor, singer, songwriter, and composer. He is mostly known for his stint as a celebrity housemate of Pinoy Big Brother: Kumunity Season 10.

Star Music
Star Music (formerly known as Star Records from 1995 to 2014, divisionally known as ABS-CBN Music, and incorporated as Star Recording, Inc.) is a Filipino record label owned by ABS-CBN Corporation. It was formerly a separate company operating as a wholly owned subsidiary of ABS-CBN until 2013 when it was merged to ABS-CBN Film Productions, Inc. Its music publishing arm in the Philippines is Star Music Publishing (incorporated as Star Songs, Inc.) while outside the Philippines its songs are licensed to Warner Chappell Music.

It is a member of the Philippine Association of the Record Industry (PARI), a non-profit and private trade organization, that represents the recording industry distributors in the Philippines.