hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St George Ashe
St. George Ashe, D.D. (3 March 1657 – 27 February 1718) was an Irish mathematician who served as the 15th Provost of Trinity College Dublin from 1692 to 1695. In the late 17th and early 18th centuries, he served as Church of Ireland Bishop of Cloyne, Clogher and Derry, in succession. From 1685 to 1692, he was the Donegall Lecturer in Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin. He is remembered now chiefly for his alleged role in performing a secret marriage between Jonathan Swift and Esther Johnson (Stella).

Donegall Lectureship at Trinity College Dublin
The Donegall Lecturership at Trinity College Dublin, is one of two endowed mathematics positions at Trinity College Dublin (TCD), the other being the Erasmus Smith's Chair of Mathematics. The Donegall (sometimes spelt Donegal) Lectureship was endowed in 1668 by The 3rd Earl of Donegall. In 1675, after the restoration, it was combined with the previous public Professor in Mathematics position that had been created in 1652 by the Commonwealth parliament.

For much of its history, the Donegall Lectureship was awarded to a mathematician as an additional honour which came with a supplementary income. Since 1967, the lectureship has been awarded to a leading international scientist who visits the Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics and gives talks, including a public lecture called the Donegall Lecture.
Affligem
Affligem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑfliɣɛm] ⓘ; anciently written Afflighem) is a municipality located some 20 km (12 mi) west-north-west of Brussels in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, not far from the city of Aalst and the important railway junction of Denderleeuw. Affligem is situated in the Pajottenland.

The municipality comprises the villages of Essene, Hekelgem and Teralfene (note that there is no village called Affligem proper). On 1 January 2006 it had 11,956 inhabitants. The total area is 17.70 km2 (7 sq mi), giving a population density of 676 inhabitants per km2.

Hekelgem
Hekelgem is a village in the province Flemish Brabant, Belgium. In 1977 it merged with Essene and Teralfene to form the municipality of Affligem, of which it remains a section. The merged municipality is named after the historic Affligem Abbey in Hekelgem.
Chinook Peak
Chinook Peak is a 6,904-foot (2,104 m) summit located on the eastern border of Mount Rainier National Park. It is also on the shared border of Pierce County and Yakima County in Washington state. Chinook Peak is situated north of Chinook Pass on the crest of the Cascade Range. Its nearest higher peak is Crystal Mountain, 1.31 miles (2.11 km) to the north. Crystal Peak lies 0.75 miles (1.21 km) to the northwest, and Cupalo Rock is 1.0 mile (1.6 km) to the east-northeast. Precipitation runoff from Chinook Peak drains into tributaries of the White River and Yakima River.

Cupalo Rock
Cupalo Rock is a 6,593-foot (2,010 m) summit located in Yakima County in Washington state. Cupalo Rock is situated two miles north-northeast of Chinook Pass, one mile east-northeast of Chinook Peak, and barely east of the crest of the Cascade Range. The nearest higher peak is Three Way Peak, 0.42 mi (0.68 km) to the west-northwest. Access for climbing Cupalo Rock is normally from the Pacific Crest Trail at Sourdough Gap. Precipitation runoff from Cupalo Rock drains into tributaries of the American River.
Midgee, South Australia
Midgee is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located on the east coast of Eyre Peninsula about 214 kilometres (133 miles) north-west of the state capital of Adelaide and about 37 kilometres (23 miles) north of the municipal seat of Cowell.

Its boundaries were created in 1998 in respect to the “long established local name.”

Land use in Midgee is divided between primary industry and conservation with the former being represented by “broadacre farming of cereals and livestock” and the latter being represented by the Munyaroo Conservation Park and the zoning of land adjoining the coastline with Spencer Gulf.

Midgee is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the local government area of the District Council of Franklin Harbour.

District Council of Franklin Harbour
The District Council of Franklin Harbour is a local government area in South Australia on the Eyre Peninsula. Cowell is the major population centre of an agricultural district based on farming wheat and sheep, supplemented by a fishing and oyster farming industries. The district's coastal towns including Cowell and Lucky Bay attract large numbers of tourists during school holidays, with the new Spencer Gulf ferry service increasing traffic to these areas since 2006.
Mandaeans in Sweden
Sweden is home to one of the largest communities of the Mandaean ethnoreligious group, numbering between 10,000-20,000 people (2019). By comparison, there are now only about 3,000 Mandaeans in Iraq. Several thousand Swedish Mandaeans were granted asylum status as refugees from persecution in Iraq and Syria. Sweden is currently home to the largest Mandaean community in Europe.

Mandi (Mandaeism)
A mandi (ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡉࡀ mandia), mashkhanna (ࡌࡀࡔࡊࡍࡀ maškna), or beth manda (beit manda, ࡁࡉࡕ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀ bit manda, 'house of knowledge'; also bimanda), is a Mandaean building that serves as a community center and place of worship. A mandi is traditionally built on the banks of a yardna, or flowing river.

Although mandis are traditionally "cult-huts" made of straw, bamboo, and mud that are built by the river, nowadays mandis can also be modern buildings that serve as community houses and local administrative centers. A mandi typically holds weekly worship services, weddings, and many other important events and rituals.

Unlike in Islam, Christianity, or Yazidism, the mandi itself is not considered to be a shrine or pilgrimage site. This is because Mandaeism does not have shrines or holy sites tied to specific geographical locations, since any river with flowing water can be used for religious rituals.
6 King's Square
6 King's Square is a historic building in the city centre of York, England. Dating to 1587, and built for Richard Hutton, it is now Grade II listed. At the time of the building's listing by Historic England, in 1983, its address was 5 King's Square. It became number 6 in 1997.

The building is located on the western side of King's Square, and formerly faced Holy Trinity Church, up until the church's demolition in 1937. It is adjoined on the right by the 19th-century 12 and 12A Church Street.

In the first half the 20th century, the building was home to the Porter Vaults, a public house owned by the Leeds-based Tetley's Brewery.

Entrance detail

The building is on the left in this 1960s view to the north

12 and 12A Church Street
12 and 12A Church Street is a historic pair of buildings in the city centre of York, England. Dating to 1836 and 1839, and standing at the corner of Church Street and King's Square, they became Grade II listed in 1983. The King's Square elevation adjoins the 16th-century 6 King's Square.

In the 20th century, an iron railing surrounded the tall first-floor window on one of the two fronts at the building's corner.

Church Street elevation (2020)
Fort Marlborough
Fort Marlborough (Indonesian Benteng Marlborough, also known as Malabero) is a former East India Company fort located in Bengkulu City, Sumatra. It was built between 1713 and 1719 by the East India Company under the leadership of Governor Joseph Collett as a defensive fort for the British East India Company's Residency there. It was one of the strongest British forts in the eastern region, second only to Fort St. George in Madras, India.

Bengkulu (city)
Bengkulu, formerly Bencoolen (Dutch: Benkoelen) is the capital of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu. The city is the second largest city on the west coast of Sumatra Island after Padang. Previously this area was under the influence of the kingdom of Inderapura and the Sultanate of Banten. The city also became the place of exile of Sukarno from 1939 to 1942. It covers an area of 151.70 km2 and had a population of 308,544 at the 2010 Census and 373,591 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 397,321 (comprising 200,601 males and 196,720 females). The city is the only city in Bengkulu Province.
Mielec
Mielec [ˈmʲɛlɛt͡s] ⓘ (Yiddish: מעליץ-Melitz) is the largest city and seat of Mielec County, located within the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in south-eastern Poland. The population of Mielec in December 2021 was 59,509.

Mielec is an industrial center, with technical and IT schools, craft schools and colleges (providing bachelor's degree and master's degree in several fields of study. Postgraduate studies are also available - e.g. MBA). The city lies within the Special Economic Zone Euro-Park Mielec with access to Mielec Airport and railway. About 15 km (9 mi) north of Mielec runs LHS railway - The transshipment terminal in Wola Baranowska enables the exchange of cargo between the broad gauge and standard gauge railways and trucks. About 20 km (12 mi) south of Mielec runs the A4 motorway. Moreover, the city of Mielec supports a recognizable soccer team - Stal Mielec.

The motto of the city is Here wings spread! in reference to many successful domestic and foreign investments.

Central Industrial Region (Poland)
The Central Industrial District (Polish: Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy, abbreviated COP), is an industrial region in Poland. It was one of the biggest economic projects of the Second Polish Republic. The 5-year-long project was initiated by a famous Polish economist, deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Treasury, Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski. Its goal was to create a heavy industrial center in the middle of the country, as far as possible from any borders, strengthen the Polish economy and reduce unemployment. The four-year plan for the development of COP was scheduled from 1 September 1936 until 30 July 1940 and was interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War and the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. Nonetheless, the COP project succeeded in vastly expanding Polish industry, and after the end of the war in 1945 COP was rebuilt and expanded under the People's Republic of Poland.
ICSA Women's College Sailor of the Year
ICSA Women's College Sailor of the Year, also known as Quantum Women's College Sailor of the Year Trophy due to sponsorship by Quantum Sails, is a sailing award annually presented, since 2003, to Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association (ICSA)’s outstanding female collegiate sailor of the year.

Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association
The Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association of North America (ICSA) is a volunteer organization that serves as the governing authority for all sailing competition at colleges and universities throughout the United States and in some parts of Canada. It was founded in 1937 as the Inter-Collegiate Yacht Racing Association, and changed to its current name in 2001.
Taylor Woodrow Construction
Taylor Woodrow Construction, branded as Taylor Woodrow, is a UK-based civil engineering contractor and one of four operating divisions of Vinci Construction UK. The business was launched in 2011, combining civil engineering operations from the former Taylor Woodrow group and from Vinci UK - formerly Norwest Holst.

Taylor Woodrow was one of the largest housebuilding and general construction companies in Britain. It merged with rival George Wimpey in July 2007 to create the Taylor Wimpey housebuilding group. In September 2008, Taylor Woodrow Construction was acquired by Vinci plc from Taylor Wimpey; initially branded as part of Vinci Construction, the civil engineering division reverted to the name Taylor Woodrow Construction in 2011 to reflect its civil engineering heritage.

Hinkley Point A nuclear power station
Hinkley Point A nuclear power station is a former Magnox nuclear power station. It is located on a 19.4-hectare (48-acre) site in Somerset on the Bristol Channel coast, 5 miles (8 km) west of the River Parrett estuary. The ongoing decommissioning process is being managed by Nuclear Decommissioning Authority licensee Nuclear Restoration Services.
Jones-Confluence Point State Park
Edward "Ted" and Pat Jones-Confluence Point State Park is a public recreation area located on the north side of the Missouri River at its confluence with the Mississippi River in St. Charles County, Missouri. The state park encompasses 1,121 acres (454 ha) of shoreline and bottomland and is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, which "plans to restore a natural floodplain reminiscent of what Lewis and Clark might have seen along the lower Missouri River." The park is part of the Mississippi Greenway (formerly known as the Confluence Greenway) and sits opposite the Columbia Bottom Conservation Area on the south bank of the Missouri River.

Columbia Bottom Conservation Area
The Columbia Bottom Conservation Area is a 4,256-acre (17.22 km2) conservation area located on the south side of the Missouri River at its confluence with the Mississippi River.  The conservation area, which is located in eastern St. Louis County, Missouri, north of the city of St. Louis, is operated by the Missouri Department of Conservation.  One key asset is 6.5-mile (10.5 km) of river frontage for boating, fishing, and birdwatching.
Tephra Fine Arts Festival
The Tephra Fine Arts Festival (previously known as the Northern Virginia Fine Arts Festival) is a juried major outdoor visual arts show held annually since 1991 on the streets of the Reston Town Center in Reston, Virginia and sponsored by the Tephra Institute of Contemporary Art, formerly known as the Greater Reston Arts Center.

Reston, Virginia
Reston is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, and a principal city of both Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Reston's population was 63,226.

Founded in 1964, Reston was influenced by the Garden City movement that emphasized planned, self-contained communities that intermingled green space, residential neighborhoods, and commercial development. The intent of Reston's founder, Robert E. Simon, was to build a town that would revolutionize post–World War II concepts of land use and residential/corporate development in suburban America.
New Castle of Manzanares el Real
The New Castle of Manzanares el Real, also known as Castle of los Mendoza, is a palace-fortress erected in the 15th century in the town of Manzanares el Real (Community of Madrid, Spain), next to the Santillana reservoir at the foot of Sierra de Guadarrama mountain range.

Its construction began in 1475 on a Romanesque-Mudéjar hermitage.  It was raised on the river Manzanares, as a residential palace of the House of Mendoza, in the vicinity of an ancient fortress that was abandoned once the new castle was built.

The castle now houses a museum of Spanish castles and hosts a collection of tapestries.

Duke of the Infantado
Duke of the Infantado (Spanish: Duque del Infantado) is a Spanish peerage title that was granted to Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Figueroa, son of Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, by the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, on 22 July 1475.

The Dukes of the Infantado remained an important family throughout Spanish history.
The family counts seven knights in the Order of the Golden Fleece and one Prime Minister of Spain (the 13th Duke).

Diego Hurtado de Mendoza built the New Castle of Manzanares el Real. Later the seat of the Dukes of the Infantado moved to the Palacio del Infantado in Guadalajara.
Lower East Side Tenement Museum
The Lower East Side Tenement Museum is a museum and National Historic Site located at 97 and 103 Orchard Street on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States. The museum's two historical tenement buildings were home to an estimated 15,000 people, from over 20 nations, between 1863 and 1935 (97 Orchard Street) and 1888 and 2015 (103 Orchard Street). The museum, which includes a visitors' center, promotes tolerance and historical perspective on the immigrant experience.

Orchard Street
40°43′21″N 73°59′17″W﻿ / ﻿40.72250°N 73.98806°W﻿ / 40.72250; -73.98806

Orchard Street is a street in Manhattan which covers the eight city blocks between Division Street in Chinatown and East Houston Street on the Lower East Side. Vehicular traffic runs north on this one-way street. Orchard Street starts from Division Street in the south and ends at East Houston Street in the north.
Batillus
Batillus was a supertanker built in 1976 by Chantiers de l'Atlantique at Saint-Nazaire for the French branch of Shell Oil. The first vessel of the Batillus class, she was, together with her sister ships Bellamya, Pierre Guillaumat and Prairial, one of the biggest ships in the world, surpassed in size only by Seawise Giant (later Jahre Viking, Happy Giant and Knock Nevis) built in 1976, and extended in 1981, although the four ships of the Batillus class had a larger gross tonnage. She was sold for scrap in 1985 after a prolonged downturn in the oil market made her economically impractical.

Chantiers de l'Atlantique
Chantiers de l'Atlantique is a shipyard in Saint-Nazaire, France. It is Europe’s largest shipyard and one of the world's largest, constructing a wide range of commercial, naval, and passenger ships. The Dock STX Europe is the fourth largest shipbuilding hall and the sixth-largest usable volume in the world as of 2025. It is located near Nantes, at the mouth of the Loire river and the deep waters of the Atlantic, which make the sailing of large ships in and out of the shipyards easy.

The shipyard was owned by Alstom from 1976 onwards, became Alstom-Atlantique, and was later part of Aker Yards when Aker Group acquired the Alstom Marine business in 2006. In 2008, the South Korean company STX Corporation acquired Aker Yards, and the shipyard became part of STX Europe (formed by the renaming of Aker Yards).

After the bankruptcy of STX Corporation, the shipyard was acquired by the French government and reverted to its original name of Chantiers de l'Atlantique.
Children's Home No. 6
Children's Home No. 6 was an orphanage in Moscow established for orphans from fascism. It was established for Austrian and German children and was considered a model in the Soviet Union, housing some 130 children. In 1938, a number of the teenaged residents were arrested in the so-called Hitler Youth conspiracy, bringing pressure to close the school.

Other institutions for German-speaking children were the Karl Liebknecht School and Ernst Thälmann summer camp, both of which closed around 1938.

Despite the efforts of the Austrian Communist Party to keep it open, the orphanage was closed in 1939, a week after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

Karl Liebknecht School
The Karl Liebknecht School (German: Karl-Liebknecht-Schule), named after Karl Liebknecht, was a German-language elementary school in Moscow. It was established for the children of German refugees to the Soviet Union. It opened in 1924 and was closed in 1939. A number of students and teachers were caught up in the Great Purge and the so-called Hitler Youth Conspiracy, many of them executed.
Estradiol butyrylacetate/testosterone ketolaurate/reserpine
Estradiol butyrylacetate/testosterone ketolaurate/reserpine (EBA/TKL/R), sold under the brand name Klimanosid R-Depot, is an injectable combination medication of estradiol butyrylacetate (EBA), an estrogen, testosterone ketolaurate (TKL; testosterone caprinoylacetate), an androgen/anabolic steroid, and reserpine, an antipsychotic, which was previously used in menopausal hormone therapy for women, particularly in those with pronounced neurovegetative symptoms. It contains 2 mg EBA, 50 mg TKL, and 0.4 mg reserpine in oil solution in each 1 mL ampoule and is administered by intramuscular injection at regular intervals. The medication was marketed in 1957.

EBA/TKL reportedly has a duration of about 21 days.

Oral tablet products with the same brand names of Klimanosid and Klimanosid R, containing methylestradiol and methyltestosterone, with and without reserpine, were marketed around the same time as Klimanosid-R Depot, and should not be confused with the injectable formulation.

Estradiol butyrylacetate
Estradiol butyrylacetate (EBA), sold under the brand names Follikosid and Klimanosid-R Depot (with testosterone ketolaurate and reserpine), is an estrogen medication which is no longer marketed. It is an estrogen ester, specifically, an ester of estradiol. It is administered by intramuscular injection and a single 10 mg dose has been said to have a duration of action of 2 to 3 weeks. The excretion of EBA in women has been studied.
Hedd Wyn (film)
Hedd Wyn is a 1992 Welsh anti-war biopic, written by Alan Llwyd and directed by Paul Turner.

Hedd Wyn won the Royal Television Society's Award for Best Single Drama and BAFTA Cymru Awards in several categories; and was the first Welsh language film nominated for an Academy Award.

Hedd Wyn
Hedd Wyn (born Ellis Humphrey Evans, 13 January 1887 – 31 July 1917) was a Welsh-language poet who was killed on the first day of the Battle of Passchendaele during World War I. He was posthumously awarded the bard's chair at the 1917 National Eisteddfod. Evans, who had been awarded several chairs for his poetry, was inspired to take the Bardic name Hedd Wyn ([heːð wɨ̞n], "blessed peace") from the way sunlight penetrated the mist in the Meirionnydd valleys.

Born in the village of Trawsfynydd, Wales, Evans wrote much of his poetry while working as a shepherd on his family's hill farm. His style, which was influenced by romantic poetry, was dominated by themes of nature and religion. He also wrote several war poems following the outbreak of war on the Western Front in 1914.
Verse of the mawadda
The verse of the mawadda (Arabic: آية الْمَوَدَّة, lit. 'verse of affection/love') refers to verse al-Shura 42:23 of the Quran, the central religious text of Islam. This verse is often cited in Shia Islam to support the elevated status of the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, known as the Ahl al-Bayt. Most Sunni authors reject the Shia view and offer various alternatives, chief among them that this verse enjoins love for kinsfolk in general. The verse of the mawadda includes the passage,

قُل لَّآ أَسْـَٔلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا ٱلْمَوَدَّةَ فِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ ۗ وَمَن يَقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَةًۭ نَّزِدْ لَهُۥ فِيهَا حُسْنًا ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ شَكُورٌ[O Muhammad!] Say, "I ask not of you any reward for it, save affection among kinsfolk (al-qurba)." And whosoever accomplishes a good deed, We shall increase him in goodness thereby. Truly God is Forgiving, Thankful.

Ash-Shura
Ash-Shūrā (Arabic: الشورى, aš-šūrā, "Council, Consultation") is the 42nd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an (Q42) with 53 verses (āyāt). Its title derives from the question of  "shūrā" (consultation) referred to in Verse 38. The term appears only once in the Quranic text (at Q42:38) and has no pre-Quranic antecedent.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619).
Sulgen railway station
Sulgen railway station (German: Bahnhof Sulgen) is a railway station in Sulgen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the Winterthur–Romanshorn line and the northern terminus of the Sulgen–Gossau line.

St. Gallen S-Bahn
The St. Gallen S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn St. Gallen) is an S-Bahn-style commuter rail in Eastern Switzerland and neighbouring areas. The network connects stations in the Swiss cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Glarus, Grisons, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen, Thurgau and Zurich, as well as a few stations in Austria (Bregenz, Vorarlberg) and Germany (Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg and Lindau, Bavaria). Some services also operate as part of the Bodensee S-Bahn.

Services are operated by Appenzeller Bahnen (AB), Südostbahn (SOB), and Thurbo. Within Switzerland and until Konstanz, services operate within the Tarifverbund Ostwind (Ostwind fare network)  of northeastern Switzerland and Liechtenstein.