hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kell Brook
Ezekiel "Kell" Brook (born 3 May 1986) is a British former professional boxer who competed from 2004 to 2022. He held the International Boxing Federation (IBF) welterweight title from 2014 to 2017, and challenged once for a unified middleweight world title in 2016. At regional level, he held multiple welterweight titles, including the British welterweight title from 2008 to 2010. In May 2017, Brook was ranked as the world's best active welterweight by The Ring magazine.

Sheffield Arena
Sheffield Arena, known for sponsorship purposes as Utilita Arena Sheffield, is a multi-purpose arena located in Sheffield, England. It is situated near Meadowhall and lies between Sheffield city centre and Rotherham town centre.

Opened in 1991, it is used for concerts and sporting events, and is also home to the Sheffield Steelers ice hockey club. Attendance for all events at the venue has totalled around 14 million since its opening. It has a maximum capacity of 13,600.
South Bay Union High School District
South Bay Union High School District, also known as the Redondo Union High School District, was a school district in Los Angeles County, California. It served residents of Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach, and Redondo Beach. It also served Torrance in the 1947-1948 school year.

Torrance Unified School District
Torrance Unified School District (TUSD) is a school district in Los Angeles County, California, with its headquarters in Torrance.

The district board of education has a president, a vice president, a clerk, and two members. As of 2021, the District Superintendent is Tim Stowe. The TUSD suburban schools generally rank high academically; West High School has won several County Academic Decathlons.

The current board consists of Jasmine Park (president), Anil Muhammed (vice president), Betty Lieu (clerk), and James Han.
Alsnö hus
Alsnö hus (Alsnö House) is the ruin of a palace at the Hovgården settlement archaeological site, located on the island of Adelsö (formerly called Alsnö) in Lake Mälaren in central-eastern Sweden. The ruins are part of the combined Birka and Hovgården UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Adelsö
Adelsö is an island in the middle of Lake Mälaren in Sweden, near Björkfjärden. The island is part of Ekerö Municipality and Stockholm County. It is about 45 kilometres (28 mi) by ferry and road west of downtown Stockholm. The administrative center of the important Viking settlement Birka (on the neighbouring island Björkö) was situated at Hovgården on Adelsö. The road network is connected via a ferry link across a narrow strait to the main island of Ekerö.
Ebbo Gospels
The Ebbo Gospels is an early Carolingian illuminated Gospel book known for its expressionistic, agitated illustrations. The book was produced in the ninth century at the Benedictine Abbaye Saint-Pierre d’Hautvillers, and was named for Ebbo, the archbishop of Reims at the time of the creation of the manuscript. The manuscript contains the four Gospels by Saint Mark, Saint Luke, Saint John, and Saint Matthew. The evangelists illustrations are characterized by an anti-classical emotionalism, which can be observed in other Carolingian manuscripts such as the Utrecht Psalter and the Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram and espresses a Christian conception of God; and by a dynamic linearism and use of illusionism to depict tridimensionality. Its style influenced Carolingian art and medieval art.

Gospel Book
A Gospel Book, Evangelion, or Book of the Gospels (Greek: Εὐαγγέλιον, Evangélion) is a codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament – normally all four – centering on the life of Jesus of Nazareth and the roots of the Christian faith. The term is also used for a liturgical book, also called the Evangeliary, from which are read the portions of the Gospels used in the Mass and other services, arranged according to the order of the liturgical calendar.

Liturgical use in churches of a distinct Gospel book remains normal, often compulsory, in Eastern Christianity, and very common in Roman Catholicism and some parts of Anglicanism and Lutheranism.
Haiku in English
A haiku in English, or English-language Haiku (ELH), is an English-language poem written in a form or style inspired by Japanese haiku.  Emerging in the early 20th century, English haiku retains many characteristics of its Japanese predecessor—typically focusing on nature, seasonal changes, and imagistic language—while evolving to suit the rhythms and structures of English languages and cultures outside of Japan. The form has gained widespread popularity across the world and continues to develop through both literary experimentation and community-based haiku movements.

Hokku
Hokku (発句, lit. "starting verse") is the opening stanza of a Japanese orthodox collaborative linked poem, renga, or of its later derivative, renku (haikai no renga). From the time of Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694), the hokku began to appear as an independent poem, and was also incorporated in haibun (in combination with prose). In the late 19th century, Masaoka Shiki (1867–1902) renamed the standalone hokku as "haiku", and the latter term is now generally applied retrospectively to all hokku appearing independently of renku or renga, irrespective of when they were written. The term hokku continues to be used in its original sense, as the opening verse of a linked poem.
Allegory in Renaissance literature
Allegory is used extensively in Renaissance literature. Developing from the use of allegory in the Middle Ages, Renaissance literature exhibits an increased emphasis on courtly love, sometimes abandoning intelligibility for deliberately unintelligible allegories.

The early modern theory of allegory is discussed in Sir John Harington's Apology for Poetry (included in his translation of Ariosto's Orlando furioso, 1591).

Renaissance literature
Renaissance literature refers to European literature which was influenced by the intellectual and cultural tendencies associated with the Renaissance. The literature of the Renaissance was written within the general movement of the Renaissance, which arose in 14th-century Italy and continued until the mid-17th century in England while being diffused into the rest of the western world. It is characterized by the adoption of a humanist philosophy and the recovery of the classical Antiquity. It benefited from the spread of printing in the latter part of the 15th century.
CNBC
The Consumer News and Business Channel (CNBC) is an American business news channel owned by Versant. The network broadcasts live business news and analysis programming during the morning, daytime business day, and early-evening hours, with the remaining hours (such as weekday prime time and weekends) filled by business-related documentaries and reality television programming, as well as occasional sports presentations from USA Sports (previously served by NBC Sports). CNBC operates an accompanying financial news website, CNBC.com, which includes news articles, video and podcast content, as well as subscription-based services. CNBC's headquarters and main studios are located in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, while it also maintains a studio at the Nasdaq MarketSite in Times Square, New York City.

Dow Jones & Company
Dow Jones & Company, Inc. (also known simply as Dow Jones) is an American publishing firm owned by News Corp, and led by CEO Almar Latour. The company publishes The Wall Street Journal, Barron's, MarketWatch, Mansion Global, Financial News and Private Equity News.

The company is best known for its historical publication of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and related market statistics. It published the DJIA from 1882 until 2010, when News Corp then sold 90% ownership of the Dow Jones stock market indices business to CME Group; News Corp sold CME its remaining 10% in 2013.
Tasman Limited
The Tasman Limited was a passenger train operated by Tasmanian Government Railways (TGR) on the Main and Western lines between Hobart, Launceston and Wynyard from April 1954 to July 1978.

The service has the distinction of being the last regularly scheduled passenger train in Tasmania.

Tasmanian Government Railways X class
The X class is a class of diesel locomotives built by English Electric for the Tasmanian Government Railways between 1950 and 1952. They were the first class of diesel locomotive to enter mainline service on a government owned railway in Australia.
The Round O
The Round O Jetty is located in Brooke Park in Enniskillen and on the River Erne which is part of the Lough Erne waterway system.  Boats can moor alongside the jetty and a boat for tourists runs to Devenish Island in the summer months. Normally the MV Kestrel runs to Devenish Island.

Facilities in Brooke Park include a cafe and toilets.

Enniskillen
Enniskillen (/ˌɛnɪsˈkɪlən/ EN-iss-KIL-ən, from Irish: Inis Ceithleann [ˈɪnʲɪʃ ˈcɛlʲən̪ˠ], 'Ceithlenn's island') is the largest town in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is in the middle of the county, between the Upper and Lower sections of Lough Erne. It had a population of 14,086 at the 2021 census. Enniskillen Castle was built in the 15th century as a stronghold of the Maguires, before coming under English control in the early 17th century. The castle and town were expanded during the Plantation of Ulster. It was the seat of local government for the former Fermanagh District Council, and is the county town of Fermanagh. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.
Servanin
Servanin is a red French wine grape variety grown predominantly in the Isère department in eastern France. While the variety has a long history in the region, plantings have been steadily declining since the early 20th century with the vine now close to extinction.

In the 20th century, ampelographers Louis Levadoux and (decades later) Linda Bisson categorized Servanin as a member of the Pelorsien eco-geogroup along with Bia blanc, Béclan, Dureza, Exbrayat, Durif, Jacquère, Mondeuse blanche, Peloursin, Joubertin and Verdesse.

Durif
Durif is a variety of red wine grape mainly grown in Australia, California, France, and Israel. Since the end of the 20th century, wineries located in Washington's Yakima River Valley, Maryland, Arizona, Texas, West Virginia, Chile, Mexico's Baja California Peninsula, and Ontario's Niagara Peninsula have also produced wines from Durif grapes. It is the primary grape known in the U.S. and Israel as Petite Sirah, with over 90% of the California plantings labeled "Petite Sirah" being Durif grapes. The U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) recognizes "Durif" and "Petite Sirah" as synonyms. The grape produces tannic wines with a spicy, plummy flavour. It  originated from Syrah pollen germinating a Peloursin plant. On occasion, Peloursin and Syrah vines may both be called Petite Sirah, usually because the varieties are extremely difficult to distinguish in old age.
Emblem of the East
The Egyptian hieroglyph Emblem of the East (𓋁 Gardiner  no. R15) is a portrayal of a standard, surmounted by the "Symbol of the East". It represents  the Goddess Iabet. Her companion goddess Imentet is represented by the "Emblem of the West".
As an ideogram, it represents either iꜣbt "east" or  iꜣby  "left". The symbol for the "West"/"right" was considered 'good', and thus the East symbol sometimes symbolized the opposite of good, evil. However, as the sun rises in the East,  the solar cult often used the symbol.

Emblem of the West
The Egyptian hieroglyph Emblem of the West (Gardiner no. R13 𓊿 or R14 𓋀) represents the  goddess Imentet, personification of the afterlife. It is composed of a hawk or ostrich feather. The alternate version of the symbol contains the complete figure of the hawk, for Horus, with the feather extending sideways, making it similar to the iat standard, surmounted by individual gods.
The feather is associated with the headdress worn by the Libyans.

The lower part of the hieroglyph contains the vertical form of the "folded cloth"    (S29 𓋴) .
As an ideogram, the hieroglyph represents  imnt "west" or wnmy "right".

Hieroglyphs from Ankhnesneferibre's coffin; she was a Divine Adoratrice of Amun

A stela.5 registers of hieroglyphs read from upper right-to-left-(facing the hieroglyphs).

Archaic, variant style, 5th dynasty, 25th century BC
1953 Pennsylvania Railroad train wreck
The 1953 Pennsylvania Railroad train wreck occurred on January 15, 1953, when a passenger and mail train from Boston to Washington DC (the Federal) failed to brake sufficiently on its approach to Union Station, Washington, jumping the platform and plunging through the floor of the concourse. There were no deaths, but 43 people were injured.

The cause of the accident was a design flaw that allowed an air brake valve to close without human intervention.

Pennsylvania Railroad class GG1
The Pennsylvania Railroad Class GG1 is a class of streamlined electric locomotives built for the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), in the northeastern United States. The class was known for its striking art deco shell, its ability to pull trains at up to 100 mph, and its long operating career of almost 50 years.

Between 1934 and 1943, General Electric and the PRR's Altoona Works built 139 GG1s. The GG1 entered service with the PRR in 1935 and later ran on successor railroads Penn Central, Conrail, and Amtrak. The last GG1 was retired by New Jersey Transit in 1983.

Most have been scrapped, but sixteen are preserved in museums.
Gerardo Vargas Hurtado
Gerardo Vargas Hurtado (1869–1941) was a Peruvian journalist born in Arica.  He was also a playwright, historian, founder of the newspaper El Ariqueño and a journalist of the newspaper El Morro de Arica published until 1911.

Arica Province (Peru)
Arica (/əˈriːkə/ ə-REE-kə; Spanish: [aˈɾika]) was a province of the department of Tacna, Peru. Located in the country's southernmost coast, it existed between 1823 and 1929, having been de facto occupied by Chile since 1880 and incorporated into its territory since 1883 in the aftermath of the War of the Pacific.

Arica was, alongside Tacna, Tarata, Tarapacá and Iquique, one of five provinces occupied by Chile following the conflict. The latter two were ceded by Peru in 1883, Tarata was occupied until 1925, and Tacna and Arica were central to the 46-year territorial dispute that only concluded with the Treaty of Lima in 1929, after which Tacna was returned to Peru, while Arica was formally incorporated into the Chilean province of Tarapacá. Today, it is part of Arica y Parinacota Region.
Karlovac
Karlovac (pronounced [kâːrloʋats]) is a city in central Croatia. In the 2021 census, its population was 49,377. Karlovac is the administrative centre of Karlovac County. The city is located 56 kilometres (35 miles) southwest of Zagreb and 130 km (81 mi) northeast of Rijeka, and is connected to them via the A1 highway and the M202 railway.

Charles II, Archduke of Austria
Charles II Francis of Austria (German: Karl II. Franz von Innerösterreich) (3 June 1540 – 10 July 1590) was an Archduke of Austria and a ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carniola, Carinthia and Gorizia) from 1564. He was a member of the House of Habsburg.
Anthemius (praetorian prefect)
Anthemius (Greek: Άνθέμιος, fl. 400–414) was a statesman of the Later Roman Empire. He is notable as a praetorian prefect of the East in the later reign of Arcadius and the first years of Theodosius II, during which time he led the government of the Eastern Roman Empire on behalf of the child emperor and supervised the construction of the first set of the Theodosian Walls.

Theodosius II
Theodosius II (Ancient Greek: Θεοδόσιος Theodosios; 10 April 401 – 28 July 450), called "the Calligrapher", was Roman emperor from 402 to 450. He was proclaimed Augustus as an infant and ruled as the Eastern Empire's sole emperor after the death of his father Arcadius in 408. His reign was marked by the promulgation of the Theodosian law code and the construction of the Theodosian walls of Constantinople. He also presided over the outbreak of two great Christological controversies, Nestorianism and Eutychianism.
Waterfall rail accident
The Waterfall rail accident was a train accident that occurred on 31 January 2003 near Waterfall, New South Wales, Australia. The train derailed, killing seven people aboard, including the train driver, and injuring 40. The accident is notably remembered by systems engineers due to the poorly designed safety systems.

Sydney Trains T set
The T sets, also referred to as the Tangara trains, are a class of electric multiple units (EMU) that operate on the Sydney Trains network. Built by A Goninan & Co, the sets entered service between 1988 and 1995, initially under the State Rail Authority and later on CityRail. The T sets were built as "third-generation" trains for Sydney's rail fleet, coinciding with the final withdrawals of the "Red Rattler" sets from service in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The Tangaras were initially built as two classes; the long-distance intercity G sets and the suburban T sets, before being merged after successive refurbishments.
Brian Asselstine
Brian Hanly Asselstine (born September 23, 1953) is an American former professional baseball player. He played all or part of six seasons in Major League Baseball, from 1976 until 1981, for the Atlanta Braves, primarily as an outfielder. Asselstine was born in Santa Barbara, California and attended Santa Ynez Valley Union High School then Allan Hancock College. He was drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the 1st round (15th pick) of the 1973 Major League Baseball draft

Asselstine won the job as the Braves starting center fielder early in the 1978 season. On May 31, 1978, Asselstine broke the bone just above the ankle in one of his legs as a result of his leaping for a home run hit by Mike Lum. He was out for the rest of the season.

Santa Ynez Valley Union High School
Santa Ynez Valley Union High School (SYHS) is a public high school in Santa Ynez, California, that serves students in grades 9–12 in the Santa Ynez Valley. As of the 2017–18 school year, 908 students were enrolled at the school.
Lincoln Battalion
The Lincoln Battalion (Spanish: Batallón Abraham Lincoln), the major component of what came to be known as the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, was the 17th (later the 58th) battalion of the XV International Brigade that fought in the Spanish Civil War. Named after United States President Abraham Lincoln, the battalion was organized by the Communist International. The XVth Brigade was one of many mixed brigades that comprised the International Brigades.

The Lincoln Battalion was formed by American volunteers who served as soldiers, technicians, medical personnel, and aviators alongside the Spanish Republican forces against the Nazi-supported forces of General Francisco Franco and his Nationalist faction. Unlike the segregated U.S. Army in the 1930s, the Lincoln Battalion integrated white and black soldiers on an equal basis. Of the approximately 3,000 American volunteers who went to Spain, 681 were killed in action or died of wounds or sickness.

Delmer Berg
Einsley Delmer "Del" Berg (December 20, 1915 – February 28, 2016) was an American soldier and union organizer who volunteered to serve with the XV International Brigade (nicknamed the Abraham Lincoln Brigade) during the Spanish Civil War. He was the last known surviving veteran of the Lincoln Brigade.
Cerulean, Kentucky
Cerulean is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Trigg and Christian counties, Kentucky, United States.  At one time, it was a city, incorporated as Cerulean Springs.  It lies along Kentucky Routes 124 and 126 northeast of the city of Cadiz, the county seat of Trigg County.  Its elevation is 512 feet (156 m), and it is located at 36°57′34″N 87°42′36″W﻿ / ﻿36.95944°N 87.71000°W﻿ / 36.95944; -87.71000 (36.9594919, -87.7100107).  It has a post office with the ZIP code 42215.

The community is part of the Clarksville, TN–KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Clarksville metropolitan area
The Clarksville Metropolitan Statistical Area is defined by the United States Census Bureau as an area consisting of four counties – two (Montgomery and Stewart) in Tennessee and two (Christian and Trigg) in Kentucky – anchored by the city of Clarksville, Tennessee. The 2021 estimate placed the population at 329,864. As of 2020, the Clarksville Metropolitan Statistical Area was the 159th largest MSA in the United States.

Prior to 2003, the area was officially known as the Clarksville-Hopkinsville Metropolitan Statistical Area and included only Montgomery and Christian counties.  In 2003, Hopkinsville was removed from the official name as it was no longer considered a principal city. That year, Stewart and Trigg counties were also added to the MSA.
Liberation Army of the South
The Liberation Army of the South (Spanish: Ejército Libertador del Sur, ELS) was a guerrilla force led for most of its existence by Emiliano Zapata that took part in the Mexican Revolution from 1911 to 1920. During that time, the Zapatistas fought against the national governments of Porfirio Díaz, Francisco I. Madero, Victoriano Huerta, and Venustiano Carranza. Their goal was rural land reform, specifically reclaiming communal lands (ejido) stolen by hacendados in the period before the revolution (Porfiriato).

Although rarely active outside their base in Morelos, the Zapatistas allied with Pancho Villa to support the Conventionists against the Carrancistas. After Villa's defeat, the Zapatistas remained in open rebellion. It was only after Zapata's 1919 assassination and the overthrow of the Carranza government that Zapata's successor, Gildardo Magaña, negotiated peace with President Álvaro Obregón.

Plan of Ayala
The Plan of Ayala (Spanish: Plan de Ayala) was a document drafted by revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata during the Mexican Revolution. In it, Zapata denounced President Francisco Madero for his perceived betrayal of the revolutionary ideals embodied in Madero's Plan de San Luis Potosí, and set out his vision of land reform. The Plan was first proclaimed on November 28, 1911, in the town of Ayala, Morelos, and was later amended on June 19, 1914. The Plan of Ayala was a key document during the revolution and influenced land reform in Mexico during the 1920s and 1930s. It was the fundamental text of the Zapatistas.
Type class
In computer science, a type class is a type system construct that supports ad hoc polymorphism in a programming language. This is achieved by adding constraints to type variables in parametrically polymorphic types. Such a constraint typically involves a type class T and a type variable a, and means that a can only be instantiated to a type whose members support the overloaded operations associated with T.

Type classes were first implemented in the language Haskell after first being proposed by Philip Wadler and Stephen Blott as an extension to eqtypes in Standard ML, and were originally conceived as a way of implementing overloaded arithmetic and equality operators in a principled fashion.
In contrast with the "eqtypes" of Standard ML, overloading the equality operator through the use of type classes in Haskell does not need extensive modification of the compiler frontend or the underlying type system.

Ad hoc polymorphism
In programming languages, ad hoc polymorphism is a kind of polymorphism in which polymorphic functions can be applied to arguments of different types, because a polymorphic function can denote a number of distinct and potentially heterogeneous implementations depending on the type of argument(s) to which it is applied. When applied to object-oriented or procedural concepts, it is also known as function overloading or operator overloading. The term ad hoc in this context is not intended to be pejorative; it refers simply to the fact that this type of polymorphism is not a fundamental feature of the type system. This is in contrast to parametric polymorphism, in which polymorphic functions are written without mention of any specific type, and can thus apply a single abstract implementation to any number of types in a transparent way. This classification was introduced by Christopher Strachey in 1967.