hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jebel Shams
Jabal Shams or Jebel Shams (Arabic: جَبَل شَمْس, lit. 'Mountain of Sun') is a mountain located in northeastern Oman north of the town of Al-Hamra.

It is the highest mountain in Oman, and is part of the Jebel Akhdar or Jabal Akhdar Mountains, which in turn belongs to the Hajar range. The mountain is a popular sightseeing area located 240 km (150 miles) from Muscat.

It is known as Jabal Shams because it is the first place to receive sunrise in Oman due to its high peak.

In the summer, the temperature is around 20 °C (68 °F) and in the winter it drops to less than 0 °C (32 °F). Jabal Shams also hosts Al Nakhur Canyon which is labeled as the Grand Canyon of Arabia.

Hajar Mountains
The Hajar Mountains (Arabic: جِبَال ٱلْحَجَر, romanized: Jibāl al-Ḥajar, The Rocky Mountains or The Stone Mountains) are one of the highest mountain ranges in the Arabian Peninsula, shared between northern Oman and eastern United Arab Emirates. Also known as "Oman Mountains", they separate the low coastal plain of Oman from the high desert plateau, and lie 50–100 km (31–62 miles) inland from the Gulf of Oman.
Kraków dialect
The Kraków dialect (Polish: gwara krakowska) belongs to the Lesser Poland dialect group and is located in the part of Poland. It borders the Sieradz dialect to the north, the Kielce dialect to the northeast, the Eastern Kraków dialect to the east, the Podegrodzie dialect to the south, and Silesian to the west. Scholars often debate about the northern and western borders of this dialect. This dialect is slowly losing many features and replacing them with those from Standard Polish.

Lesser Poland dialect group
The Lesser Polish dialect group (Polish: dialekt małopolski) is a  of dialect group of the Polish language used in Lesser Poland. The exact area is difficult to delineate due to the expansion of its features and the existence of transitional subdialects.

The common traits of the Lesser Polish dialect include:

mazurzenie

regressive voicing of obstruents, including across word boundaries; e.g.: kot leci [kɔd ˈlɛt͡ɕi] (standard Polish: [kɔt ˈlɛt͡ɕi])

differentiated nasalisation (or lack thereof) of /ɔ̃/ and /ɛ̃/ in different parts of the area

merger of stop+fricative consonant clusters into affricates; e.g.: trzysta [ˈt͡ʂɨsta] (standard Polish: [ˈtʂɨsta] or [ˈt͡ʂʂɨsta])

frequent usage of initial syllable stress, also oxytonic stress in vocative case (as opposed to paroxytonic stress common in other varieties of Polish)

frequent usage of grammatical particle "że" in imperative mood ("weźże" vs. "weź" – take)
Star Club de Caudry
The Star Club caudrésien, better known as Star Club de Caudry, was a football team based in Caudry that existed between 1903 and 1967. It disappeared in 1967 by merging with US Viesly to give birth to Star Union.

French Amateur Cycling Federation
The French Cycling and Athletics Federation (French: Fédération Cycliste des Amateurs de France, FCAF) is a French sports federation from the early 20th century. Named the French Amateur Cycling Federation when it was created, it became the French Cycling and Athletics Federation in 1911.

The USFSA, the sports governing body in France, only managed amateur sports, so not boxing or cycling, which had the Union Vélocipédique de France (UVF). However, some UVF clubs founded sports sections other than cycling, and as a result, they left this federation and founded the FCAF, which was initially entirely devoted to cycling, but quickly opened up to athletic sports and set up the FCAF Football Championship in 1906.
Uva letzion
Uva letzion (ובא לציון "and [a redeemer] shall come to Zion") are the first Hebrew words, and colloquially the name, of one of the closing prayers of the morning service. The recitation of this prayer is postponed to Mincha on Shabbat and major Jewish holidays, and in Ashkenazic communities to Ne'ila on Yom Kippur.

Ne'ila
Ne'ila (Hebrew: נְעִילָה, lit. 'locking'), the concluding service, is a special Jewish prayer service that is held only on Yom Kippur. It is the time when final prayers of repentance are recited at the closing of Yom Kippur. Neilah marks the fifth Amidah of Yom Kippur, the only such occasion in the Hebrew calendar in which there are so many services.
Balbirnie Stone Circle
Balbirnie Stone Circle is an archaeological site, a stone circle on the north-eastern edge of Glenrothes, in Fife, Scotland. The site was in use from the late Neolithic period to the late second millennium BC.

The prehistoric ceremonial complex of Balfarg is nearby; the scheduling for Balfarg states that "the Balfarg complex, together with the nearby stone circle at Balbirnie and other sites in their vicinity, form one of the most important groups of monuments of Neolithic and Bronze Age date in eastern Scotland."

Balfarg
Balfarg is a prehistoric monument complex in Glenrothes, Fife, Scotland. It is protected as a scheduled monument. With the development of Glenrothes new town in the latter half of the 20th Century an adjacent residential area was developed around the complex carrying the same name.
Swiss chocolate
Swiss chocolate (German: Schweizer Schokolade; French: chocolat suisse; Italian: cioccolato svizzero) is chocolate produced in Switzerland. Switzerland's chocolates have earned an international reputation for high quality with many famous international chocolate brands.

Switzerland is particularly renowned for its milk chocolate, the most consumed type of chocolate. In 1875, a Swiss confectioner, Daniel Peter, developed the first solid milk chocolate using condensed milk, which had been invented by Henri Nestlé, who was Peter's neighbour in Vevey.

In addition to milk, a wide variety of ingredients other than cocoa are used to make the most popular chocolate bars. They notably include nuts (mostly hazelnuts and almonds) and dried fruits (raisins).

Chocolat Kohler
Chocolat Kohler was a chocolate producer based in Lausanne, founded in 1830 by the Kohler brothers. It is currently a brand owned by Nestlé.

Kohler notably introduced hazelnut chocolate, which was perhaps the first combination chocolate bar.
Claude Le Tonnelier de Breteuil
Claude Le Tonnelier de Breteuil (died 8 January 1698, Paris) was a French cleric.

He was the son of François Le Tonnelier, seigneur de Breteuil et de Boisette, intendant des finances, and his wife Anne de Chaulmes. He was made bishop of Boulogne in 1682, succeeding Nicolas Ladvocat-Billiard. During his time in the see, he welcomed James II of Great Britain to Boulogne when he fled to the continent after the Glorious Revolution. He died in office and was succeeded by Antoine-Girard de La Bournat

Ancient Diocese of Boulogne
The former French Catholic diocese of Boulogne existed from 1567 to the French Revolution. It was created after the diocese of Thérouanne was suppressed because of war damage to the see; effectively this was a renaming. It belonged to the Archdiocese of Reims. The Concordat of 1801 suppressed the diocese of Boulogne, transferring its territory to the diocese of Arras. The seat was the Boulogne Cathedral, demolished in 1793.
Parlin Field
Parlin Field (IATA: NWH, FAA LID: 2B3) is a public use airport in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. It is owned by the Town of Newport and located two nautical miles (3.74 km) north of its central business district. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a local general aviation facility.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned 2B3 by the FAA, but has the designation NWH from the IATA.

Newport, New Hampshire
Newport is a town in and the county seat of Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. It is 43 miles (69 km) west-northwest of Concord, the state capital. The population of Newport was 6,299 at the 2020 census. A covered bridge is in the northwest. The area is noted for maple sugar and apple orchards. Prior to county division in 1827, Newport was in Cheshire County. The central part of town, where 4,735 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Newport census-designated place (CDP) and is located next to the Sugar River at the junction of New Hampshire routes 10 and 11. The town also includes the villages of Kelleyville, Guild, and North Newport.
Toronto Roadrunners
The Toronto Roadrunners were an ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Toronto, Ontario, Canada at the Ricoh Coliseum. In their only season the Roadrunners featured players such as Jani Rita, Brad Winchester, Jamie Wright and Steve Valiquette who helped them advance to the AHL playoffs where they lost the first round to the Cleveland Barons.

Coca-Cola Coliseum
Coca-Cola Coliseum (also or formerly known as CNE Coliseum, Royal Coliseum, Ricoh Coliseum, Toronto Coliseum, or Coliseum) is an arena at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, used for agricultural displays, ice hockey, and trade shows. It was built for the Canadian National Exhibition (CNE) and the Royal Agricultural Winter Fair (the Royal) in 1921. Since 1997 it has been part of the Enercare Centre exhibition complex. It serves as the home arena of the Toronto Sceptres of the Professional Women's Hockey League and the American Hockey League's Toronto Marlies, the farm team of the Toronto Maple Leafs. It will also serve as the home arena of the Toronto Tempo of the Women's National Basketball Association when they debut in 2026.
Buntine Oration
The Buntine Oration is a biennial invited presentation and speech made at the conference of the Australian College of Educators (ACE).  It was established in 1960 by the four children of Dr Walter Murray Buntine who survived him – Dr R. M. Buntine, Dr M. A. Buntine, Dr R. D. Buntine, and Mrs. D. M. G. Wilson – in his memory.  The inaugural oration was given by Peter Karmel (who had, himself, attended Caulfield Grammar School from 1929 to 1939) in 1962 at the third annual ACE conference and the most recent was in 2008.

Australian College of Educators
The Australian College of Educators (ACE) is an Australian national professional association for educators.  Membership is open to all professional educators working in the early childhood, school, and tertiary education sectors, as well as to education researchers and managers.  The college advocates for its members in seeking improvements in the status of the education profession.
Egyptian Front
The Egyptian Front (Arabic: الجبهة المصرية, romanized: al-Gabha al-Masreya) was an alliance of political parties which contested the 2015 Egyptian parliamentary election in a joint list with the Independent Current Coalition, called Egypt.

Egyptian National Movement
The Egyptian National Movement, or Egyptian Patriotic Movement (Arabic: الحركة الوطنية المصرية) is a political party initiated by former presidential candidate Ahmed Shafik and Mohamed Abu Hamed, former vice chairman of the Free Egyptians Party and founder of the Life of the Egyptians Party.
Travesio
Travesio (Friulian: Travês) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Pordenone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,816 and an area of 28.8 square kilometres (11.1 sq mi).

Travesio borders the following municipalities: Castelnovo del Friuli, Meduno, Pinzano al Tagliamento, Sequals, Tramonti di Sotto. Its frazione (borough) of Toppo is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Os Municipality (Hordaland)
Os (Nynorsk: [uːs]) is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 139.58-square-kilometre (53.89 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 2020. The area is now part of Bjørnafjorden Municipality in the traditional district of Midhordland in Vestland county, just south of Norway's second-largest city, Bergen. The administrative centre was the village of Osøyro. Other villages in the municipality included Hagavik, Haljem, Syfteland, Søre Øyane, and Søvik.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 139.58-square-kilometre (53.89 sq mi) municipality was the 360th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Os Municipality was the 149th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 20,804. The municipality's population density was 149 inhabitants per square kilometre (390/sq mi) and its population had increased by 26.6% over the previous 10-year period.

Oselvar
The Oselvar (Nynorsk) or Oselver (Bokmål) is a small wooden rowing boat traditionally built and used along the west coast of Norway. The Oselvar is a clinker built boat with thin, very wide planks. Almost all parts of an Oselvar are made of pine, with only the keel of oak.
M-Bahn
The M-Bahn or Magnetbahn was an elevated Maglev train line operating in Berlin, Germany, experimentally from 1984 and in passenger operation from 1989 to 1991. The line was 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) in length, and featured three stations, two of which were newly constructed. Presumed to be the future of rail transit in Berlin, the line was built to fill a gap in the West Berlin public transport network created by the construction of the Berlin Wall. It was rendered redundant by the reunification of Berlin and was closed to enable reconstruction of the U2 line.

The M-Bahn was the second Maglev line to open to public traffic, after the Birmingham Maglev but before the Shanghai maglev train. Construction and running were undertaken by Magnetbahn GmbH.

Berlin Potsdamer Platz station
Berlin Potsdamer Platz is a railway station in Berlin. It is completely underground and situated under Potsdamer Platz in central Berlin. Regional and S-Bahn services call at the station, and it is also served by U-Bahn line U2.
Outwood Academy Easingwold
Outwood Academy Easingwold is a mixed 11–18 secondary school with academy status in Easingwold, North Yorkshire, England. It had 663 pupils in 2023, including an on-site sixth form.

The school is operated by Outwood Grange Academies Trust, and the current principal is Emma Taylor.

Easingwold
Easingwold is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it had a population of 4,233 at the 2001 census, increasing to 4,627 at the 2011 Census. It is located about 12 miles (19 km) north of York, near the foot of the Howardian Hills.
Aminul Haque (Attorney General)
Aminul Haque (4 April 1931 – 13 July 1995) was a Bangladeshi lawyer. He served as the Attorney General of Bangladesh. He was married to Farida Akhter (d. 2007), a faculty member at Jagannath University. He was the eldest brother of Sergeant Zahurul Haq, who was accused in the Agartala Conspiracy Case and killed by the Pakistan military at Dhaka Cantonment in 1969.

Zahurul Haq
Zahurul Haq (9 February 1935 –  15 February 1969) was a Pakistan Air Force sergeant. He was one of the 35 persons accused in the Agartala Conspiracy Case in 1969. He was killed in custody and his death led to increase in 1969 uprising in East Pakistan. He received the Independence Day Award from the Government of Bangladesh in 2018.
College of Richard Collyer
The College of Richard Collyer (colloquially Collyer's /ˈkɒliəz/), formerly called Collyer's School, is a co-educational sixth form college in Horsham, West Sussex, England. The college was rated as being 'excellent’ by Ofsted in 2025.

It is the second oldest school in West Sussex after The Prebendal School in Chichester and the fourth oldest school in Sussex. The college is Grade II listed by English Heritage.

The Mercers' Company
The Mercers' Company, or the Worshipful Company of Mercers, is a livery company of the City of London in the Great Twelve City Livery Companies, and ranks first in the order of precedence of the Companies. Mercery was from a French term meaning a type of haberdasher but has previously been for a variety of goods and ultimately derived from the Latin for merchant.

Today, the Company exists primarily as a charitable institution, supporting a variety of causes. The company's motto is Honor Deo (Latin, "Honour to God").
Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor
The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) was first identified in 1973 as the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (LNGFR) before discovery that p75NTR bound other neurotrophins equally well as nerve growth factor. p75NTR is a neurotrophic factor receptor. Neurotrophic factor receptors bind Neurotrophins including Nerve growth factor, Neurotrophin-3, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and Neurotrophin-4. All neurotrophins bind to p75NTR. This also includes the immature pro-neurotrophin forms. Neurotrophic factor receptors, including p75NTR, are responsible for ensuring a proper density to target ratio of developing neurons, refining broader maps in development into precise connections. p75NTR is involved in pathways that promote neuronal survival and neuronal death.

Tropomyosin receptor kinase A
Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), also known as high affinity nerve growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1, or TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTRK1 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTKR) family. This kinase is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself (autophosphorylation) and members of the MAPK pathway. The presence of this kinase leads to cell differentiation and may play a role in specifying sensory neuron subtypes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis, self-mutilating behaviors, intellectual disability and/or cognitive impairment and certain cancers. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been found, but only three have been characterized to date.
RCA Type 77-A microphone
The RCA Type 77-A microphone was a simplex (uni-directional) ribbon microphone, the forerunner of the RCA Type 77-DX microphone.   The 77-A was designed Dr. Harry F. Olson in the late 1920s or early 1930s; prototypes are rumored to have existed in 1929 and 1930, but the 77-A was not announced until 1932.

The 77-A would set the standard for all other RCA ribbon microphone comparisons for the next 40 years.

RCA Type 77-DX microphone
The RCA Type 77-DX microphone is a poly-directional ribbon microphone, or pressure-gradient microphone, introduced by the RCA Corporation in 1954. It was preceded by the Type 77-D introduced in 1948. Its popularity and classic design has resulted in the 77-DX becoming an iconic microphone, used by broadcasters and media personalities such as Edward R. Murrow, David Letterman and Larry King.
Mickey Wright
Mary Kathryn "Mickey" Wright (February 14, 1935 – February 17, 2020) was an American professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour. She became a member of the tour in 1955 and won 82 LPGA Tour career events including 13 major championships. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.

Sea Island Open
The Sea Island Open was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1954 to 1963. It was played in Sea Island, Georgia at the Sea Island Golf Club from 1954 to 1957 and 1963 and at the Cloister Country Club from 1958 to 1962.
Admiralty Compass Observatory
The Admiralty Compass Observatory was a department of the British Royal Navy. It was established in 1842 to provide the Royal Navy with services for the design, development, inspection, testing and repair of compasses and certain other instruments. It subsequently undertook requirements for the other services as appropriate. Lord Kelvin is said to have called it 'the Temple of Accuracy'.

The observatory was administered by the Compass Branch (1842–1917), later known as the Compass Department (1917–1968) and Compass Directorate (1968–1971). It was afterwards absorbed within the Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment, but continued to operate at its original site until the early 1980s.

Controller of the Navy (Royal Navy)
The post of Controller of the Navy (abbreviated as CofN) was originally created in 1859 when the Surveyor of the Navy's title changed to Controller of the Navy. In 1869 the controller's office was abolished and its duties were assumed by that of the Third Naval Lord whose title then changed to Third Naval Lord and Controller of the Navy. In 1904 the title was changed again to Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy. In 1965 the office of the Third Sea Lord was abolished. The post-holder is responsible for procurement and matériel in the British Royal Navy.

Originally the post-holder was a member of the Board of Admiralty and later a member of the Admiralty Board.
Niagara Whalers
The Niagara Whalers were a junior ice hockey team based in Port Colborne, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the South Division of the Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League (GMHL). The Whalers were founded in 2014 and joined the GMHL in the 2014–15 season. The club played their home games at the Vale Health & Wellness Centre.

2014–15 GMHL season
The 2014–15 GMHL season was the ninth season of the Greater Metro Junior A Hockey League (GMHL). The twenty teams of the GMHL played 42-game schedules.

Starting in February 2015, the top teams of the league played down for the Russell Cup, emblematic of the grand championship of the GMHL. Since the GMHL is independent from Hockey Canada and the Canadian Junior Hockey League, this is where the GMHL's season ended.  The Temiscaming Titans defeated their division rival Seguin Huskies in the final series 4 games to 1 to win the Championship.
Dovzhenko Film Studios
The Dovzhenko Film Studios (Ukrainian: Національна кіностудія художніх фільмів імені О. Довженка, romanized: Natsionalna kinostudiia khudozhnikh filmiv imeni O. Dovzhenka) is a Ukrainian and former Soviet film production studio in UkrSSR and later Ukraine that was named after the Soviet film producer, Oleksandr Dovzhenko, in 1957. With the fall of the Soviet Union, the studio became a property of the government of Ukraine. In 2000, the film studio was awarded national status. It is one of the oldest and largest film studios in Ukraine.

Yuri Ilyenko
Yuri Herasymovych Ilyenko (Ukrainian: Юрій Герасимович Іллєнко, 18 July 1936 – 15 June 2010) was a Ukrainian film director, screenwriter, cinematographer and politician. He directed twelve films between 1965 and 2002. His 1970 film The White Bird Marked with Black was entered into the 7th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Golden Prize.

Ilyenko was one of Ukraine's most influential filmmakers. His films represented Ukraine and what was happening to it. His films were banned in the USSR for their suspected anti-Soviet symbolism. Only in the recent years have his films been re-released and open to the public.