hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iwasawa theory
In number theory, Iwasawa theory is the study of objects of arithmetic interest over infinite towers of number fields. It began as a Galois module theory of ideal class groups, initiated by Kenkichi Iwasawa (1959) (岩澤 健吉), as part of the theory of cyclotomic fields. In the early 1970s, Barry Mazur considered generalizations of Iwasawa theory to abelian varieties. More recently (early 1990s), Ralph Greenberg has proposed an Iwasawa theory for motives.

Cyclotomic field
In algebraic number theory, a cyclotomic field is a number field obtained by adjoining a complex root of unity to , the field of rational numbers.

Cyclotomic fields played a crucial role in the development of modern algebra and number theory because of their relation with Fermat's Last Theorem. It was in the process of his deep investigations of the arithmetic of these fields (for prime )—and more precisely, because of the failure of unique factorization in their rings of integers—that Ernst Kummer first introduced the concept of an ideal number and proved his celebrated congruences.
Marjorie Merriweather Post
Marjorie Merriweather Post (March 15, 1887 – September 12, 1973) was an American businesswoman, socialite, and philanthropist. She was the daughter of C. W. Post and the owner of General Foods Corporation.  For much of Post's life, she was known as the wealthiest woman in the United States.

Post used much of her fortune to collect art, particularly Imperial-era Russian art, much of which is now on display at Hillwood, the museum which was her estate in Washington, D.C. She is also known for her mansion, Mar-a-Lago, in Palm Beach, Florida.

LIU Post
LIU Post, formally the C.W. Post Campus of Long Island University and often referred to as C.W. Post, is a private university in Brookville, New York, United States. Located on Long Island, it is part of Long Island University (LIU), and the largest school in the LIU system.
Núria Perpinyà
Núria Perpinyà Filella (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈnuɾiə pəɾpiˈɲa fiˈleʎə]; born 1961) is a Catalan novelist, a playwright and an essayist. Senior Lecturer in Theory and Comparative Literature at the university of Lleida in Catalonia, Spain. Her novels deal with unusual topics and are characterized by their intellectual irony, formal rigor and experimentalism. In her books, she defends the philosophy of Perspectivism and reflects on the fact that the phenomena have multiple interpretations. Her creative work is written in Catalan, but most of the essays are published in Spanish or in English.

Gabriel Ferrater
Gabriel Ferrater i Soler (Catalan pronunciation: [ɡəβɾiˈɛl fərəˈte]; 20 May 1922 – 27 April 1972) was an author, translator and scholar of linguistics of the sixties who wrote in the Catalan language. His poetical work is among the most important of the authors of post-war Catalonia and he continues to exert a great deal of influence over literature. He published three collections of poems: Da nuces pueris (1960), Menja't una cama ("Eat a leg", 1962) and Teoria dels cossos ("Theory of bodies"), consequently compiled into a single volume called Les dones i els dies ("Women and days", 1968), which was a milestone in Catalan literature.
Mishima, Niigata
Mishima (三島町, Mishima-machi) was a town located in Santō District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town has an estimated population of 7,535 and a density of 206.61 persons per square kilometre (535.1 per square mile). The total area is 36.47 km2 (14.08 sq mi).

On April 1, 2005, Mishima, along with the town of Oguni (from Kariwa District), the village of Yamakoshi (from Koshi District), the town of Nakanoshima (from Minamikanbara District), and the town of Koshiji (also from Santō District), was merged into the expanded city of Nagaoka.

Nagaoka, Niigata
Nagaoka (長岡市, Nagaoka-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in the prefecture, after the capital city of Niigata. As of 4 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 264,611 in 109,283 households and a population density of 300 inhabitants per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city was 891.06 square kilometres (344.04 sq mi).
Hylomys
Hylomys is a small genus of the family Erinaceidae. Hylomys species, like all species in the subfamily Galericinae, are known as gymnures or moonrats. Their closest relatives include the fossil Lantanotherium and Thaiagymnura and the living Neotetracus and Neohylomys. Members of this genus are found in Southeast Asia and Eastern Asia.

Hainan gymnure
The Hainan gymnure (Neohylomys hainanensis), also known as the Hainan moonrat, is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It was thought to be endemic to the island of Hainan, China, where it is threatened due to habitat loss, but in 2018 was found to also occur in, and be rather common, in Northern Vietnam.

The Hainan gymnure is the only species in the monotypic genus Neohylomys. Although previously considered part of the genus Hylomys, gene sequencing of a mitochondrial cytochrome b gene provided evidence that the species is sufficiently distantly related to comprise a genus of its own.
Cantarana
Cantarana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Turin and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) west of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 863 and an area of 9.8 square kilometres (3.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Cantarana contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Concentrico, Palazzasso, Torrazzo, Arboschio, Serralunga, Bricco dell'oca, Bricco Grosso, Bricco Aguggia, and Bricco Barrano.

Cantarana borders the following municipalities: Dusino San Michele, Ferrere, San Damiano d'Asti, Tigliole, Valfenera, and Villafranca d'Asti.

Cantarana Centrum

Cantarana, Mayor and Assistants

Valfenera
Valfenera is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Asti.

Valfenera borders the following municipalities: Cantarana, Cellarengo, Dusino San Michele, Ferrere, Isolabella, Montà, and Villanova d'Asti.
OMG Business Architecture Special Interest Group
The Business Architecture Special Interest Group (BASIG)   is a working group on business architecture of the Object Management Group (OMG), known for their contribution to the history of business architecture. It was founded in 2007 as the Business Architecture Working Group (BAWG).

Business architecture
In the business sector, business architecture is a discipline that "represents holistic, multidimensional business views of: capabilities, end-to-end value delivery, information, and organizational structure; and the relationships among these business views and strategies, products, policies, initiatives, and stakeholders."

In application, business architecture provides a bridge between an enterprise business model and enterprise strategy on one side, and the business functionality of the enterprise on the other side.  It often enables the Strategy to Execution methodology.

People who develop and maintain business architecture are known as business architects.
Wa, Ghana
Wa is a town and the capital of the Wa Metropolitan Assembly and the Upper West Region of Ghana. It has a population of 200,672 people according to the 2021 census.

The town is a transportation hub for the Upper West region, with major roads leading north to Hamile, and northeast to Tumu and the Upper East Region. There is also a small airport, named the Wa Airport.

Wa Airport
Wa Airport (IATA: WZA, ICAO: DGLW) is an airport serving Wa, a city in the Upper West Region of Ghana which is also its capital. The airport is operated by Ghana Airports Company Limited. It is the fourth busiest commercial airport in Ghana with over 23,352 passengers passing through in 2024.
2016 Tunisian Athletics Championships
The 2016 Tunisian Athletics Championships was the year's national championship in outdoor track and field for Tunisia. It was held from 15 to 17 July at the Stade Olympique de Radès in Radès.

Several events were contested separately from the main championships: the combined track and field events were held on 16–17 April, the 10,000 metres on 21 May, and the road walking events in Korba, Tunisia on 20 March.

Nada Cheroudi broke the Tunisian national record in the women's heptathlon with a score of  	5658 points. Mouna Jaidi dominated the women's throws, taking three of the four titles on offer. At the team level, the National Guard Sports Club won with 13 titles, followed by the Kairouan Municipal Athletics Club on 12 titles.

Tunisian Athletics Championships
The Tunisian Athletics Championships (Arabic: بطولة تونس لألعاب القوى) is an annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Tunisian Athletics Federation, which serves as the national championship for the sport in Tunisia.
Yakkabogʻ District
Yakkabogʻ District is a district of Qashqadaryo Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Yakkabogʻ. It has an area of 1,100 km2 (420 sq mi) and its population is 266,100 (2021 est.). The district consists of one city (Yakkabogʻ), 14 urban-type settlements (Eski Yakkabogʻ, Alaqargʻa, Alakoʻylak, Jarqirgʻiz, Qayragʻoch, Qatagʻon, Kattabogʻ, Madaniyat, Mevazor, Samoq, Turon, Oʻz, Chubron, Edilbek) and 9 rural communities.

Yakkabogʻ
Yakkabogʻ (Uzbek: Yakkabog’/Яккабоғ, Russian: Яккабаг) is a city in Yakkabogʻ District of Qashqadaryo Region in Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Yakkabogʻ District. The town population was 17,402 people in 1989, and 20,600 in 2016.
Thủ Dầu Một
Thủ Dầu Một (listenⓘ) is a former city located in the Southeast region of Vietnam. It was the capital city of the former Bình Dương province (now merged to Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam, located at around 10°58′0″N 106°39′0″E﻿ / ﻿10.96667°N 106.65000°E﻿ / 10.96667; 106.65000. The city has an area of 118.91 km², with a population of 373.105 (as of 2024), and is located on the left bank of the Saigon River, upstream from the city.

Thủ Dầu Một, Ho Chi Minh City
Thủ Dầu Một (Vietnamese: Phường Thủ Dầu Một) is a ward of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It is one of the 168 new wards, communes and special zones of the city following the reorganization in 2025.

Thủ Dầu Một was the historic city centre of Thủ Dầu Một, the ward area was also the capital of the same name province during the French Indochina (this whole province then was later named as Sông Bé province after 1975) then was the capital of Bình Dương province during the Republic of Vietnam and during 1997–2025, after it was re-established by aparting from Sông Bé province.
Riak
Riak (pronounced "ree-ack" ) is a distributed NoSQL key-value data store that offers high availability, fault tolerance, operational simplicity, and scalability. Riak moved to an entirely open-source project in August 2017, with many of the licensed Enterprise Edition features being incorporated. Riak implements the principles from Amazon's Dynamo paper with heavy influence from the CAP theorem. Written in Erlang, Riak has fault-tolerant data replication and automatic data distribution across the cluster for performance and resilience.

Riak has a pluggable backend for its core storage, with the default storage backend being Bitcask. LevelDB is also supported, with other options (such as the pure-Erlang Leveled) available depending on the version.

Riak was originally developed by engineers employed by Basho Technologies and maintained by them until 2017 when the rights were sold to bet365 after Basho went into receivership.

Dynamo (storage system)
Dynamo is a set of techniques that together can form a highly available key-value structured storage system or a distributed data store. It has properties of both databases and distributed hash tables (DHTs). It was created to help address some scalability issues that Amazon experienced during the holiday season of 2004.  By 2007, it was used in Amazon Web Services, such as its Simple Storage Service (S3).
Barbara Goodson
Barbara Goodson is an American voice actress who has done voice-over work in cartoons and shows. Her best-known role was providing the English dub voice of the main villain Empress Rita Repulsa in the Power Rangers television series, starting with Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, and including Power Rangers Zeo, Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie, and Power Rangers in Space.

Unico
Unico (Japanese: ユニコ, Hepburn: Yuniko) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka. It was serialized in Sanrio's shōjo manga magazine Lyrica from November 1976 to March 1979 and collected in two volumes. The series follows the titular unicorn as he uses his magic to help friends from around the world across different time periods. The series was drawn in a western style, being published in full color and read from left to right. It has since been published in different collections and has been adapted into film and comics. A modern-day reboot of the series began publication by Scholastic under its Graphix imprint in 2024.
Atal Park
Atal Park (formerly Central Park) is a public urban park located in Naya Raipur, the new capital of Chhattisgarh, India.

Central Park is located on Central Avenue Road on 35 acres of land. It has a 120-seater restaurant, an amphitheatre with a capacity of 1,500 people, mini markets, a yoga park, and an artificial lake built on the south side of the park. In the north, the park has a jogging track, multiplex theatre, restaurant, and playing area for children with 45 swings and an activity centre.

The park represents the rich art and heritage of the state. It was built at a cost of 70 crores by Naya Raipur Development Authority.

Nava Raipur
Nava Raipur, officially known as Atal Nagar-Nava Raipur, is a planned city and fully Greenfield city in Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is planned to replace Raipur as the capital city of Chhattisgarh. The Government of Chhattisgarh, the state's administrative body is situated here. The city is located between National Highway 53 and National Highway 30, about 17 km south-east of the capital city Raipur. Swami Vivekananda Airport separates Raipur and Nava Raipur.
Nef Glacier
Nef Glacier is a glacier located in Laguna San Rafael National Park, in the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region of Chile. It trends southeast from Cerro Largo to its terminus in the lake that shared its name.

It is the fifth largest glacier in the Northern Patagonian Ice Field, after San Quintín, San Rafael, Steffen and Colonia.

Northern Patagonian Ice Field
The Northern Patagonian Ice Field, located in southern Chile, is the smaller of two remnant parts in which the Patagonian Ice Sheet in the Andes Mountains of southern South America can be divided. It is completely contained within the boundaries of Laguna San Rafael National Park.
TT172
The Theban Tomb TT172 is located in El-Khokha, part of the Theban Necropolis, on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor.

TT172 was the burial place of the ancient Egyptian named Mentiywy (also written as Montu-iywy), who was a royal butler and a child of the kap (nursery). Mentiywy  lived during the reigns of  Tuthmosis III and Amenhotep II during the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. His mother was named Hepu.

El-Khokha
The necropolis of El-Khokha (Arabic: الخوخه) is located on the west bank of the river Nile at Thebes, Egypt. The necropolis is surrounds a hill and has five Old Kingdom tombs and over 50 tombs from the 18th, 19th and 20th dynasties as well as some from the First Intermediate Period and the Late Period.
Washita River
The Washita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/) is a river in the U.S. states of Texas and Oklahoma. The river is 295 miles (475 km) long and terminates at its confluence with the Red River, which is now part of Lake Texoma (33°55′N 96°35′W﻿ / ﻿33.917°N 96.583°W﻿ / 33.917; -96.583) on the Texas–Oklahoma border.

Custer County, Oklahoma
Custer County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,513. Its county seat is Arapaho. The county was named in honor of General George Armstrong Custer.

Custer County comprises the Weatherford, Oklahoma, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Ycf4 protein domain
In molecular biology, the Ycf4 protein is involved in the assembly of the photosystem I complex which is part of an energy-harvesting process named photosynthesis. Without Ycf4, photosynthesis would be inefficient affecting plant growth. Ycf4 is located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Ycf4 is important for the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis.
To date, three thylakoid proteins involved in the stable accumulation of PSI have been identified, these are as follows:

BtpA (INTERPRO),

Ycf3

Ycf4.

The Ycf4 protein is firmly associated with the thylakoid membrane, presumably through a transmembrane domain. Ycf4 co-fractionates with a protein complex larger than PSI upon sucrose density gradient centrifugation of solubilised thylakoids.

Ycf is an acronym standing for hypothetical chloroplast open reading frame.

Photosystem I
Photosystem I (PSI, or plastocyanin–ferredoxin oxidoreductase) is one of two photosystems in the photosynthetic light reactions of algae, plants, and cyanobacteria. Photosystem I  is an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to catalyze the transfer of electrons across the thylakoid membrane from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. Ultimately, the electrons that are transferred by Photosystem I are used to produce the moderate-energy hydrogen carrier NADPH. The photon energy absorbed by Photosystem I also produces a proton-motive force that is used to generate ATP. PSI is composed of more than 110 cofactors, significantly more than Photosystem II.
Cobequid Bay
Cobequid Bay is an inlet of the Bay of Fundy and the easternmost part of the Minas Basin, located in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The bay was carved by rivers flowing into the eastern end of the Bay of Fundy.

The eastern end of the bay hosts the estuary of the Salmon River, whereas the west end of the bay is less well-defined, typically delineated by Burntcoat Head on the southern shore and Five Islands or Economy Mountain on the northern shore.

The largest tidal range in the world was measured at Burntcoat Head, where average tidal ranges measure a 12.4 m (41 ft) vertical difference in water level between low tide and high tide.

The bay's name is derived from the Acadian spelling of We'kopekwitk, the Mi'kmaq name for the area. Acadian settlers came to this area in the early 1700s.

The bay is an Important Bird Area. as well as having tourist spots such as Debert Beach and Masstown Market.

Bay of Fundy
The Bay of Fundy (French: Baie de Fundy) is a bay between the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with a small portion touching the U.S. state of Maine. It is an arm of the Gulf of Maine and part of the Atlantic Ocean. It has the highest tidal range in the world, averaging about 16 metres (52 ft) due to tidal resonance in its funnel-shaped basin. In one half-day tidal cycle, around 100 billion tonnes (110 billion short tons) of water flows in and out, twice the combined flow of all the world's rivers.
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls (/ˈklæməθ/ KLAM-əth) is a city in and the county seat of Klamath County, Oregon, United States. The city was originally called Linkville when George Nurse founded the town in 1867. It was named after the Link River, on whose falls the city was sited. The name was changed to Klamath Falls in 1893. The population was 21,813 at the 2020 census. With its suburb Altamont, a census-designated place, the combined population of the towns is 42,046 residents. The city is on the southeastern shore of the Upper Klamath Lake, at the foothills of the Cascade Range, and is home to the Oregon Institute of Technology.

Logging was the first major industry of Klamath Falls.

KLAD (AM)
KLAD (960 AM, "ESPN 960 & 104.3") is a radio station licensed to serve Klamath Falls, Oregon, United States.  The station, which began broadcasting in 1955, is currently owned by Basin Mediactive, LLC.
Traboe
Traboe (pronounced tray-bow) (Standard Written Form: Treworabo) is a hamlet on the Lizard Peninsula, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Traboe is about 5 km west of St Keverne; nearby is Traboe Cross, a junction on the B3293 road. It is approximately a mile down the road from Goonhilly Satellite Earth Station. It contains eleven houses and a building which used to house Rosuick Farm Shop, this being the purpose for which it was built. The list of houses includes a converted inn and a converted school house.

There is a well situated at the back of the green. A tree was planted on the green by residents of the hamlet to commemorate the millennium.

Traboe lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

The name Traboe is a contraction of the Cornish language Treworabo, which contains the elements tre, meaning 'farm' or 'settlement', and Gworabo, a personal name.

Charter of Lesneague and Pennarth
The charter of King Edgar to Wulfnoth Rumuncant, granting land at Lesneague and Pennarth in St Keverne, Cornwall, is an Anglo-Saxon charter dating to 967 AD and kept in the Exeter Cathedral Library. It was written by Wulfsige bishop of Cornwall mainly in Latin with a short boundary clause in old English.

The charter is said to be an 11th century copy of the 10th century original, dating to Bishop Leofric's scriptorium at Exeter.
Order of the White Rose (1886–1915)
The Order of the White Rose was a Jacobite society founded in 1886 by Bertram Ashburnham, 5th Earl of Ashburnham, as a successor to the Cycle Club. The Order attracted many writers and artists and began the Neo-Jacobite Revival that flourished in the 1890s. The Order closed during the First World War, but in 1926 the Royal Stuart Society was formed to carry on its ideal and mission.

Andrew Lang
Andrew Lang FBA (31 March 1844 – 20 July 1912) was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and contributor to the field of anthropology. He is best known as a collector of folk and fairy tales. The Andrew Lang lectures at the University of St Andrews are named after him.
Pakubuwono XII
Pakubuwono XII (also transliterated Pakubuwana XII; Surakarta, 14 April 1925 – Surakarta, 11 June 2004) was the eleventh Susuhunan (ruler of Surakarta) and the longest-ruling of all monarchs in Surakarta history.

He reigned under Japanese occupation during the Second World War, and through the Sukarno and Suharto eras; in effect, three eras in which traditional Javanese power had been both respected and challenged.

Towards the end of his reign, he was able to stake  the claim of his palaces' context in the modern Indonesia by the publication of Karaton Surakarta: A Look into the Court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java which was published in the same year of his death.

Susuhunan
Susuhunan, or in short version Sunan, is a title used by the monarchs of Mataram Sultanate and then by the hereditary rulers of Surakarta Sunanate.

Additionally in Bali and Surakarta, so-called "King of Kings" reigned with this title, while their kingdoms were called "Sunanates".

The name Susuhunan is also used as a romantic nickname for loved ones, but also for highly respected public figures. Lovers or mistresses were also referred to with this nickname outside in private. The abbreviation Sunan is also used as a given name.