hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brian Chontosh
Major Brian R. Chontosh (born 1974) is a retired United States Marine Corps officer who was awarded the Navy Cross for his heroic actions during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. At the time, he was a platoon commander for Weapons Company, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Neumayer (crater)
Neumayer is a lunar impact crater that lies near the southern limb of the Moon. At this location the crater appears much foreshortened and can only be observed during favorable librations. It is attached to the southeastern rim of the slightly larger crater Helmholtz. To the south-southwest is the crater Demonax, and east-southeast is Hale.

This is a worn crater formation with features that have been softened and rounded by a history of minor impacts. But the rim remains intact and has not been significantly reshaped or indented by notable craters. The only crater of note within the rim is a small craterlet on the floor near the northern rim. There are much smaller craters scattered across the nearly flat and level floor, but no significant ridges or a central peak. In short, this crater appears as just an old depression in the surface.

Helmholtz (lunar crater)
Helmholtz is a lunar impact crater, approximately 110 kilometers in diameter, that is located near the south-southeast limb of the Moon. Attached to the south-southeast rim of Helmholtz is the somewhat smaller crater Neumayer. The larger crater Boussingault is nearly attached to the west-southwestern rim. The crater is named after German physicist and physician Hermann von Helmholtz
Clifford algebra
In mathematics, a Clifford algebra is an algebra generated by a vector space with a quadratic form, and is a unital associative algebra with the additional structure of a distinguished subspace. As K-algebras, they generalize the real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions and several other hypercomplex number systems. The theory of Clifford algebras is intimately connected with the theory of quadratic forms and orthogonal transformations. Clifford algebras have important applications in a variety of fields including geometry, theoretical physics and digital image processing. They are named after the English mathematician William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879).

The most familiar Clifford algebras, the orthogonal Clifford algebras, are also referred to as (pseudo-)Riemannian Clifford algebras, as distinct from symplectic Clifford algebras.

Associated graded ring
In mathematics, the associated graded ring of a ring R with respect to a proper ideal I is the graded ring:

.

Similarly, if M is a left R-module, then the associated graded module is the graded module over :

.
Embleton, Northumberland
Embleton is a village and civil parish in the English county of Northumberland. Besides the village of Embleton itself, the civil parish includes the settlement of Christon Bank, situated about a mile to the west.

Embleton village has a main street with one shop.  There is a small green with the village pump on it, out of use now but at one time the source of the water supply. The village is about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from Embleton Bay. The sandy beach is backed by dunes where a variety of flowers bloom: bluebells, cowslips, burnet roses and bloody cranesbill, amongst others. Also near the beach is Embleton's 18-hole Dunstanburgh Castle Golf Course which opened in 1900 and was updated in 1922.

Christon Bank lies on the East Coast Main Line railway, and until 1965 was the site of a station.

Beyond the bounds of the parish, Dunstanburgh Castle stands at the southern end of Embleton Bay. Close by, to the south, is the fishing village of Craster.

Embleton Bay
Embleton Bay is a bay on the North Sea, located to the east of the village of Embleton, Northumberland, England. It lies just to the south of Newton-by-the-Sea and north of Craster. Popular for paddling, it is overlooked by the ruins of Dunstanburgh Castle and by Dunstanburgh Castle Golf Club.
Ames family
The Ames family is one of the oldest and most illustrious families of the United States. The family's branches are descended from John Ames, the son of a 17th-century settler of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Numerous public and private works throughout the U.S. are named after family members, including the city Ames, Iowa, and the NASA Ames research center in California.

Oakes Ames
Oakes Ames (January 10, 1804 – May 8, 1873) was an American businessman, investor, and politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.  As a congressman, he is credited by many historians as being the single most important influence in the building of the Union Pacific portion of the transcontinental railroad. He is also noted for the subsequent scandal that alleged the improper sale of stock of the railroad's construction company.
Fonzaso
Fonzaso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Venice and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Belluno. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,412 and an area of 27.5 square kilometres (10.6 sq mi).

Fonzaso borders the following municipalities: Arsiè, Feltre, Lamon, Pedavena, Seren del Grappa, Sovramonte.

Pedavena
Pedavena is a comune (municipality) in the province of Belluno in the Italian region of Veneto. It is located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Venice and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Belluno.

Pedavena borders the following municipalities: Feltre, Fonzaso, Sovramonte.
Adolf Lande
Adolf Lande (1905–197?) served for many years as secretary of the Permanent Central Narcotics Board and the Drug Supervisory Body (two international drug organs) and was the primary drafter of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. He also wrote the Commentary of both the Single Convention and the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. These documents are crucial to the interpretation of the treaties. Lande was considered one of the most foremost authorities on UN international drug control legislation.

Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 (Single Convention, 1961 Convention, or C61) is an international treaty that controls activities (cultivation, production, supply, trade, transport) involving specific narcotic drugs and lays down a system of regulations (licenses, measures for treatment, research, etc.) for their medical and scientific uses, concluded under the auspices of the United Nations. The convention also establishes the International Narcotics Control Board.

The Single Convention was adopted in 1961 and amended in 1972. As of 2022, the Single Convention as amended has been ratified by 186 countries. The convention has since been supplemented by the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, which controls LSD, MDMA, and other psychoactive pharmaceuticals, and the 1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances; the three conventions establish the legal framework for international drug control.
Lugnano in Teverina
Lugnano in Teverina is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Terni in the Italian region Umbria, located about 60 km south of Perugia and about 25 km west of Terni.

Lugnano in Teverina borders the following municipalities: Alviano, Amelia, Attigliano, Graffignano. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Motu Kotawa
Motu Kotawa is one of three islands in the Pukapuka atoll of the Cook Islands. It forms the western apex of Pukapuka's triangular atoll, and is the smallest of the three islands. The island is low-lying, with a maximum elevation of 3 meters above sea level. The island is uninhabited and used as a food source. It is home to numerous Frigatebirds, as well as plantations of taro, papaya, breadfruit, coconuts and bananas, and is regulated by the village of Yato. A reef extends from the west of the island, connecting it to the islet of Toka.

Yato (Pukapuka)
Yato is one of three villages on the island of Wale in the Pukapuka atoll of the Cook Islands. Yato is the westernmost village and regulates the island of Motu Kotawa and the sand cay of Toka.

Niua School is located in the village.
Maletto
Maletto (Sicilian: Malettu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) east of Palermo and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Catania.

Maletto borders the following municipalities: Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Castiglione di Sicilia, Nicolosi, Randazzo, Sant'Alfio, Zafferana Etnea. It is an enclave within Bronte and borders the other eight at one point at the top of Mount Etna.

Sant'Alfio
Saint Alphius (Italian: Sant'Alfio; Sicilian: Sant'Arfiu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Catania.

Saint Alphius borders the following municipalities: Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Castiglione di Sicilia, Giarre, Linguaglossa, Maletto, Mascali, Milo, Nicolosi, Piedimonte Etneo, Randazzo, Zafferana Etnea.
Virginia, Honduras
Virginia (Spanish pronunciation: [biɾˈxinja]) is a municipality in the Honduran department of Lempira.
Virginia is located in Lempira Honduras and shares a border with El Salvador. Many Virginians travel to El Salvador to do their shopping, because the Honduran cities are far away from Virginia.

It is one of the smallest municipalities of the Lempira department. It is 15 km or 30 minutes away from Mapulaca if accessed through Gracias.

Candelaria, Honduras
Candelaria is a municipality in the Honduran department of Lempira.

Candelaria is one of the municipalities of the Lempira department. It is located 96 km away from Gracias city, and passing by San Juan del Caite (Intibuca). In terms of time, that is about 3.5 hours of driving on an unpaved road, going up and down through mountains, one of them is "Congolón" where the hero Lempira fought the Spanish conquerors.
Kamloops—Cariboo
Kamloops—Cariboo was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 1979. This riding was created in 1966 from parts of Cariboo and Kamloops ridings.

It was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed into Cariboo—Chilcotin, Kamloops—Shuswap, Okanagan North, Okanagan—Similkameen and Prince George–Bulkley Valley ridings.

Kamloops—Shuswap
Kamloops — Shuswap was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1988. This riding was created in 1976 from parts of Fraser Valley East, Kamloops—Cariboo and Okanagan—Kootenay ridings.

It was abolished in 1987 when it was redistributed into Kamloops and Okanagan—Shuswap ridings.

It consisted of:

the part of the Thompson-Nicola Regional District lying east of Electoral Areas E and I and north of Electoral Area M; and

the part of the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District lying west of Electoral Area B.
Pétillon metro station
Pétillon (French pronunciation: [petijɔ̃]) is a Brussels Metro station on the eastern branch of line 5. It is located in the municipality of Etterbeek, in the eastern part of Brussels, Belgium.

The metro station opened on 20 September 1976 and is named after Major Pétillon, a Belgian colonial pioneer who died in Etterbeek in 1909. The station underwent an eighteen-month, €6.3 million renovation ending in April 2008. Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it is served by the extended east–west line 5.

The nearby tram station that bears the same name is visited by tram lines 7 and 25.

Brussels tram route 7
The premetro and tram route 7 in Brussels, Belgium, is operated by STIB/MIVB, and connects the Vanderkindere stop in the southern municipality of Uccle to the Heysel/Heizel stop in Laeken in the City of Brussels, where connecting services of tram route 51, Metro line 6, as well as bus routes 84 and 88 depart. The colour of the signage for this line is bright yellow.
Vinko Brešan
Vinko Brešan (Croatian pronunciation: [ʋîːŋko brěʃan]; born 3 February 1964) is a Croatian film director best known for directing several notable Croatian black comedies.

Brešan emerged into prominence in Croatia and abroad with three critically acclaimed and award-winning films that, each in its own way, broke some of the perceived taboos of Croatian cinema in the 1990s.

How the War Started on My Island
How the War Started on My Island (Croatian: Kako je počeo rat na mom otoku) is a 1996 Croatian black comedy film directed by Vinko Brešan and starring Vlatko Dulić, Ljubomir Kerekeš, Ivan Brkić, Predrag Vušović, Ivica Vidović, Božidar Orešković and Matija Prskalo.
Ghoulardi
Ghoulardi was a fictional character created and portrayed by voice announcer, actor and disc jockey Ernie Anderson as the horror host  of Shock Theater at WJW-TV, Channel 8 (a.k.a. "TV-8") the CBS Affiliate station in Cleveland, Ohio, from January 13, 1963, through December 16, 1966. Shock Theater featured grade-"B" science fiction films and horror films, aired in a Friday late-night time slot. At the peak of Ghoulardi's popularity, the character also hosted the Saturday afternoon Masterpiece Theater, and the weekday children's program Laurel, Ghoulardi and Hardy.

David Thomas (musician)
David Lynn Thomas (June 14, 1953 – April 23, 2025) was an American singer, songwriter, musician and poet based in the United Kingdom. He was one of the founding members of the American rock group Pere Ubu from 1975 to 1982, then 1987 through to his death in 2025. Earlier, he co-founded the proto-punk band Rocket from the Tombs, which lasted from 1974 to 1975. He also released several solo albums and collaborative projects. Most notable were the groups David Thomas and the Pedestrians as well as David Thomas and Two Pale Boys.

Though primarily a singer, he was an instrumentalist who also occasionally played melodeon, trombone, musette, guitar or other instruments.

Thomas had a distinctive, high-pitched voice; Emerson Dameron described Thomas' singing as "James Stewart trapped in an oboe". Greil Marcus wrote, "Mr Thomas's voice is that of a man muttering in a crowd. You think he's talking to himself until you realize he's talking to you."
Nielsen Norman Group
The Nielsen Norman Group (NN/G) is an American research and UX design firm providing training, consulting and research services.

The company was founded in Fremont, California, United States in 1998 by Jakob Nielsen and Don Norman. In 2000, Bruce Tognazzini joined the Nielsen Norman Group as a principal.

Jakob Nielsen retired from NN/G in March 2023. Kara Pernice, who joined the company in 2000, was appointed President and CEO on April 1, 2023. Don Norman remains a member of the company's Board of Directors.

The company's work includes eye-tracking research describing the F-shaped reading pattern and an analysis of the interface of Microsoft Windows 8. The group has also conducted analysis of user experience in AI interfaces, mobile devices, and intranets.

User experience
User experience (UX) is how a user interacts with and experiences a product, system, or service. It includes a person's perceptions of  utility, ease of use, and efficiency. Improving user experience is important to most companies, designers, and creators when creating and refining products because negative user experience can diminish the use of the product and, therefore, any desired positive impacts. Conversely, designing toward profitability as a main objective often conflicts with ethical user experience objectives and even causes harm. User experience is subjective. However, the attributes that make up the user experience are objective.
Environmental impact of the chemical industry in Sarnia
Sarnia's "Chemical Valley" and the surrounding area are home to 62 chemical facilities and refineries. A 2007 Ecojustice Canada report showed that industrial facilities located within 25 km of Sarnia, Ontario emitted more than 131,000 tonnes of air pollution in 2005.

Aamjiwnaang First Nation
Aamjiwnaang First Nation (formerly Chippewas of Sarnia First Nation; Ojibwe: Aamjiwnaang Anishinaabek, lit. 'at the spawning stream') is an Anishinaabe (Ojibwe)  First Nations Band located on reserve land by the St. Clair River in Ontario, Canada, three miles south of the southern tip of Lake Huron. The reserve is located across from the United States border from Port Huron, Michigan, and is a result of treaties that were negotiated with the Crown in the 1820s. There are approximately 2,600 band members with about 900 living on the reserve. Their heritage language is Ojibwe.

The word Aamjiwnaang (am-JIN-nun) means "meeting place by the rapid water", which describes the surrounding communities.
Thomas II (archbishop of Esztergom)
Thomas (Hungarian: Tamás; fl. 1291 – died 1321) was a prelate in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first half of the 14th century. He was Archbishop of Esztergom between 1305 and 1321. He was a confidant of Charles I of Hungary, whom he has supported in his unification war against the provincial lords. He crowned Charles twice, in June 1309 and August 1310.

Archdiocese of Esztergom–Budapest
The Archdiocese of Esztergom–Budapest (Latin: Archidioecesis Strigoniensis–Budapestinensis; Hungarian: Esztergom-Budapesti főegyházmegye) is a Latin Church archdiocese and primatial seat of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary and the metropolitan see of one of Hungary's four Latin Church ecclesiastical provinces.

The archdiocese's archbishop retains the title of "Primate", which gives this see precedence over all other Latin Hungarian dioceses, including the fellow Metropolitan Archbishops of Eger, Kalocsa–Kecskemét and Veszprém, but the incumbent may be individually (and temporarily) outranked if one of them holds a (higher) cardinalate. Its current Archbishop is Péter Erdő.
Cross Lake (Manitoba)
Cross Lake is a large lake in Manitoba on the Nelson River north of Lake Winnipeg. It is long and narrow and extends 102 kilometres (63 mi) east-northeast.

The Nelson River west channel enters the lake at the Jenpeg Dam and the Nelson River east channel enters near the communities of Cross Lake and Cross Lake First Nation. The river then flows north to Sipiwesk Lake. The Minago River enters on the west.

The lake level is regulated by Manitoba Hydro at the Jenpeg Generating Station (54°32′36″N 98°1′36″W﻿ / ﻿54.54333°N 98.02667°W﻿ / 54.54333; -98.02667﻿ (Jenpeg)) at the southern end of the lake.

Sipiwesk Lake
Sipiwesk Lake is a large lake in the province of Manitoba in Canada north of Lake Winnipeg. The lake is a part of the Nelson River watershed and is located north of Cross Lake.  
The lake is about  78 km (48 miles) long.

The Nelson River flows north from Cross Lake and enters the south end of Sipiwesk Lake on each side of Bear Island flowing through Duck Lake located west of Bear Island. The Nelson River then flows out from the east end of Sipiwesk Lake.

At the north end where the Nelson River leaves the lake, a portage trail connects this lake to Landing Lake (via Sabomin Lake). From circa 1885 to 1889, the Hudson's Bay Company operated an outpost there, called Cross Portage.
Dhanyawadi
Dhanyawaddy (Burmese: ဓညဝတီ; Pali: Dhaññavatī) was the capital of the first Arakan Kingdom, located in what is now Northern Rakhine State, Myanmar. The name is a corruption of the Pali word Dhannavati, which means "large area or rice cultivation or the rice bowl". Like many of its successors, the Kingdom of Dhanyawadi was based on trade between the East (pre-Pagan Myanmar, Pyu, China, the Mons), and the West (Indian subcontinent).

The ancient city of Dhanyawaddy is located 6 miles east of Kyauktaw, Rakhine State, on the right side of the Thay Chaung River at the intersection of latitude 20°52'07.2" north and longitude 93°03'49.9" east.

Arakanese legends claim that a Sakya clan of Buddha are founder of Dhanyawadi Kingdom. Now they are mixed with Rakhine people.

Kaladan River
The Kaladan (Burmese: ကုလားတန်မြစ်, pronounced [kəládàɰ̃ mjɪʔ]) or Kissapanadi River (Burmese: ကစ္ဆပနဒီ, Kacchapanadī), also known as the Beino, Bawinu and Kolodyne, is a river in the eastern Mizoram State of India, and in Chin State and Rakhine State of western Myanmar. The Kaladan River is called the Chhimtuipui River in India. It forms the international border between India and Myanmar between 22° 47′ 10" N (where its tributary, the Tiau River, joins it) and 22° 11′ 06" N.
Adamya Bangla
Adamya Bangla (Bengali: অদম্য বাংলা) is one of the well known sculptures dedicated to the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. It is located in the campus of Khulna University. In Bengali, the phrase means "Indomitable Bengal".

Khulna University
Khulna University (Bengali: খুলনা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়) is a public research university at Gollamari in Khulna, Bangladesh. It was established in 1991.
The university campus is near the river Moyur, on the Sher E Bangla Road (Khulna-Satkhira highway).

The academic programs of Khulna University started on 31 August 1991 with 80 students in four disciplines. As of  2023, the university has 29 disciplines under eight schools.