hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dan Butler (Australian footballer)
Daniel Butler (born 3 June 1996) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played 45 matches over a five-year tenure at Richmond, after being drafted by the club in the fourth round of the 2014 AFL national draft. He made his debut in round 1 of the 2017 season and became an AFL premiership player that same year. In 2019 he won a VFL premiership while playing for Richmond's reserves side. At the end of the 2019 season he was traded to St Kilda in exchange for a late third-round draft selection. In his first year at St Kilda, he led the club's goalkicking tally, placed second in the best and fairest and was nominated to the extended All-Australian squad.

2017 AFL Grand Final
The 2017 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Adelaide Football Club and the Richmond Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 30 September 2017. It was the 122nd annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League) staged to determine the premiers for the 2017 AFL season. The match, attended by 100,021 spectators, was won by Richmond by a margin of 48 points, marking the club's eleventh VFL/AFL premiership and first since 1980. Richmond's Dustin Martin was awarded the Norm Smith Medal as the best player on the ground.
Latifa bint Ahmed Al Maktoum
Latifah bint Ahmed bin Juma Al Maktoum (born 27 September 1985) is an equestrian athlete from the United Arab Emirates who competed in 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, the 2010 FEI World Equestrian Games in Lexington, Kentucky, and the 2013 and 2015 Show Jumping World Cup. She was the first woman to represent the United Arab Emirates at the Olympics.

She has generally ridden one of her two favorite horses, Kalaska de Semilly and Peanuts De Beaufor. In April 2019, she placed second in the 21st Emirates Show Jumping Championship, riding Cobolt 8. As of 2019, Al Maktoum was training for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Al Maktoum is the daughter of Sheikha Hessa bint Rashid Al Maktoum (sister of Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum) and niece of Hind bint Maktoum Al Maktoum.

Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum
Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum (Arabic: رَاشِد بن سَعِيْد آل مَكتُوم, romanized: Rāšid bin Saʿīd Āl Maktūm; 11 June 1912 – 7 October 1990) was an Emirati royal, politician and one of the Founding Fathers of the United Arab Emirates.

Rashid bin Saeed was the first vice president and second prime minister of the United Arab Emirates, and was the ruler of Dubai from 1958–1990. His son, Maktoum, was the UAE's first prime minister. He was vice president of the UAE from the nation's independence and foundation in 1972 until his death.

Sheikh Rashid was the first Emirati vice president to serve concurrently as prime minister, when he became prime minister on 30 April 1979. After his death the office of prime minister was de facto tied to the office of vice president.

He was responsible for the transformation of Dubai from a small settlement around Dubai Creek to a modern port city, regional commercial hub and entrepôt.
Leviticus 18
Leviticus 18 (the eighteenth chapter of the Book of Leviticus) deals with a number of sexual activities considered abominable, including incest and bestiality. The chapter also condemns Moloch worship. It is part of the Holiness Code (Leviticus 17–26), and its sexual prohibitions are largely paralleled by Leviticus 20, except that chapter 20 has more emphasis on punishment.

Leviticus 18:22 has traditionally been interpreted as prohibiting  homosexual acts, but its meaning is debated, with some scholars suggesting it applies only to specific contexts like adultery, rape, or incest and others arguing it evolved over time.

Zoophilia
Zoophilia is a paraphilia in which a person experiences a sexual fixation on non-human animals. Bestiality instead refers to cross-species sexual activity between humans and non-human animals. Due to the lack of research on the subject, it is difficult to conclude how prevalent bestiality is. Zoophilia was estimated in one study to be prevalent in 2% of the population in 2021.
Freshwater, Isle of Wight
Freshwater is a large village and civil parish at the western end of the Isle of Wight, England. The southern, coastal village is Freshwater Bay, named for the adjacent small cove.
Freshwater sits at the western end of the region known as the Back of the Wight or the West Wight, a popular tourist area.

Freshwater is close to steep chalk cliffs. It was the birthplace of physicist Robert Hooke and was the home of Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson.

Yarmouth, Isle of Wight
Yarmouth is a town, port and civil parish in the west of the Isle of Wight, off the south coast of England. The town grew near the river crossing, originally a ferry, which was replaced with a road bridge in 1863.
Shankar Mahadevan
Shankar Mahadevan (born 2 March 1967) is an Indian singer and composer who is part of the Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy trio that makes music for Indian films. In 2023, he was awarded an honorary doctorate (honoris causa degree) by Birmingham City University.

Madampi
Madampi (transl. Feudal Lord) is a 2008 Indian Malayalam-language action drama film written and directed by B. Unnikrishnan. It stars Mohanlal, Ajmal Ameer, Siddique, Kavya Madhavan, and Mallika Kapoor. The film was released on 4 July 2008.
Legal citation
Legal citation is the practice of crediting and referring to authoritative documents and sources. The most common sources of authority cited are court decisions (cases), statutes, regulations, government documents, treaties, and scholarly writing.

Typically, a proper legal citation will inform the reader about a source's authority, how strongly the source supports the writer's proposition, its age, and other, relevant information.

Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities
The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is a style guide that provides the modern method of legal citation in the United Kingdom; the style itself is also referred to as OSCOLA.  First developed by Peter Birks of the University of Oxford Faculty of Law, and now in its 4th edition (2012, Hart Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84946-367-6), it has been adopted by most law schools and many legal publishers in the United Kingdom.  An online supplement (developed for the third edition) is available for the citation of international legal cases, not covered in the main guide.
One with Everything: Styx and the Contemporary Youth Orchestra
One with Everything is a live album and concert video by the rock band Styx, which was recorded and professionally filmed in Cleveland, Ohio during their 2006 tour.  The band played with the Contemporary Youth Orchestra, playing a set of 16 songs, including three songs from their 2005 studio album Big Bang Theory.
Both an album and a DVD were released, with the Blu-ray Disc on April 29, 2009. As with many of the live releases post-Dennis DeYoung, this album does not contain any Dennis DeYoung penned or sung songs.

Ricky Phillips
Ricky Lynn Phillips (born October 7, 1952) is an American bass guitarist and was a member of the rock band Styx from 2003 to 2024, splitting duties with original bassist Chuck Panozzo. He has also played in Nasty Habit, as a member of the Babys and Bad English, and with Coverdale-Page and Ted Nugent.

Phillips and his former Bad English bandmate Neal Schon also played with former Montrose members Sammy Hagar and Denny Carmassi on a live version of the Montrose song "Rock Candy".
Labworth Café
The Labworth Restaurant & Café is a modernist International style reinforced concrete building overlooking the Thames estuary at Labworth beach on Canvey Island, Essex. Built in 1932–1933 by Ove Arup to resemble the bridge of the Queen Mary, it exists as the only building solely designed by the distinguished engineer.

Ove Arup
Sir Ove Nyquist Arup (16 April 1895 – 5 February 1988) was a British engineer with Danish heritage who founded Arup, a multinational corporation offering engineering, design, planning, project management, and consulting services for building systems. Ove Arup is considered to be among the foremost architectural structural engineers of his time.
2017 Canadian Soccer League season
The 2017 Canadian Soccer League season (known as the Givova Canadian Soccer League for sponsorship reasons) was the 20th season under the Canadian Soccer League name. The season began on May 26, 2017, and concluded on September 30, 2017, with the CSL Championship final.

The season saw the York Region Shooters claim their third CSL Championship by defeating Scarborough SC in a penalty shootout. In the Second Division, FC Ukraine United went home with their first CSL double after defeating Burlington SC in the finals. FC Ukraine became the second club in the Second Division after TFC Academy II in 2012 to go undefeated the entire regular season. While FC Vorkuta became the second expansion franchise in CSL history since the Ottawa Wizards in the 2001 season to claim the title in their debut season.

FC Ukraine United
FC Ukraine United is a Canadian soccer club founded in 2006. The team is currently a member of the Canadian Soccer League a league that is not sanctioned by any FIFA recognized body. Their home venue is located at Centennial Park Stadium in Etobicoke, Toronto, Ontario. The club is the only team in the CSL to represent the Ukrainian diaspora in the Greater Toronto Area.
896 Sphinx
896 Sphinx /ˈsfɪŋks/ is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, that measures approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 1 August 1918, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid has a rotation period of 21.0 hours and is one of few low-numbered objects for which no spectral type has been determined. It was named after the Sphinx, a creature from Greek and Egyptian mythology.

Max Wolf
Maximilian Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf (21 June 1863 – 3 October 1932) was a German astronomer and a pioneer in the field of astrophotography. He was the chairman of astronomy at the University of Heidelberg and director of the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory from 1902 until his death in 1932.
Atlanta and Richmond Air-Line Railway
Organized in 1870, the Atlanta and Richmond Air–Line Railway combined the Georgia Air Line Railroad and the Air Line Railroad in South Carolina under president Algernon S. Buford. The line was complete by 1873 but went broke the next year when it was re-organized into the Atlanta and Charlotte Air Line Railway.

It later became part of the Southern Railway.

Air Line Railroad in South Carolina
The Air Line Railroad Company of South Carolina was chartered as a South Carolina railroad that was to have served the Southeastern United States, beginning in the mid-19th century.

The Air Line was created by an act of the South Carolina General Assembly in 1856, with the goal of laying a line toward Georgia to the west and "some point of connection with the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad, in the direction of Charlotte, North Carolina," in the east. This did not happen as the Air Line Railroad never laid any track.

In June 1870, the Air Line Railroad Company of South Carolina and the Georgia Air Line Railroad were joined by the Richmond and Danville Railroad to form the Atlanta and Richmond Air Line Railway.
Abay Chomen
Abay Chomen is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Horo Gudru Welega Zone, Abay Chomen is bordered on the south by Lake Finicha'a (created when Finicha'a Dam flooded the Chomen swamp), on the southwest by Jimma Horo, on the northwest by Amuru Jarte, on the north by the Abay River which separates it from the Amhara Region, and on the east and south by Guduru. The woreda capital is Finicha'a; other towns in Abay Chomen include Finicha'a Camp.

Guduru (woreda)
Guduru (also transliterated Gudru or Goodroo) is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. This woreda is named after one of the sections of the Macha Oromo, also known as the Torban Guduru ("the seven houses of Guduru"), which coalesced into a kingdom around 1855 under Gama Moras, which lay between the Abay River and the Gibe region. It was also the location of the Battle of Embabo, fought 6 June 1882; the Shewan forces of Menelik defeated the Gojjame army, capturing Negus Tekle Haymanot and establishing a Shewan hegemony over the territories south of the Abay.

Part of the Horo Gudru Welega Zone, Guduru is bordered on the south by Jimma Rare, on the southwest by Jimma Horo, on the west by Lake Finicha'a, on the northwest by Abay Chomen, on the north by the Abay River which separates it from the Amhara Region, and on the east by the Guder River which separates it from the Mirab Shewa Zone. The administrative center is Guduru. Hababo Guduru woreda was separated from Guduru.
QS-21
QS-21 is a purified plant extract used as a vaccine adjuvant. It is derived from the soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria), which is native to the countries of Chile, Peru, and Bolivia. The crude drug (Quillajae cortex, Quillaia) is imported from Peru and Chile.

The extract contains water-soluble triterpene glycosides, which are members of a family of plant-based compounds called saponins. It has been tested as an adjuvant in various vaccines in attempts to improve their efficacy. It is believed to enhance both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Saponin
Saponins (Latin sapon, 'soap' + -in, 'one of') are bitter-tasting, usually toxic plant-derived secondary metabolites. They are organic chemicals that become foamy when agitated in water and have high molecular weight. They are present in a wide range of plant species throughout the bark, leaves, stems, roots and flowers but particularly in soapwort (genus Saponaria), a flowering plant, the soapbark tree (Quillaja saponaria), common corn-cockle (Agrostemma githago L.), baby's breath (Gypsophila spp.) and soybeans (Glycine max L.). They are used in soaps, medicines (e.g., drug adjuvants), fire extinguishers, dietary supplements, steroid synthesis, and in carbonated beverages (for example, being responsible for maintaining the head on root beer). Saponins are both water and fat soluble, which gives them their useful soap properties. Some examples of these chemicals are glycyrrhizin (licorice flavoring) and quillaia (alt. quillaja), a bark extract used in beverages.
AKS Chorzów
AKS Chorzów is a sports club based in Chorzów, Poland. It is one of the earliest sports organizations in Upper Silesia and is still well known nationally for its football and handball teams. The club also made its mark on the international stage: Halina Richter-Górecka was part of the gold medal-winning women's 100m relay team at the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games; tennis player Danuta Wieczorek appeared at Wimbledon as a junior.

Gauliga Schlesien
The Gauliga Schlesien was the highest football league in the region of Silesia (German:Schlesien), which consisted of the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia from 1933 to 1945. Shortly after the formation of the league, the Nazis reorganised the administrative regions in Germany, and the Gau Silesia, later subdivided into Gau Upper Silesia and Gau Lower Silesia, replaced the Prussian provinces.

After the Polish defeat in 1939, the parts of Upper Silesia awarded to Poland after the First World War were reoccupied by Nazi Germany and added to the Gau Oberschlesien.

From 1941, the Gauliga Schlesien was split into two separate leagues, the Gauliga Niederschlesien and the Gauliga Oberschlesien.
Bernardo Antonio Vittone
Bernardo Antonio Vittone (19 August 1704 – 19 October 1770) was an Italian architect and writer. He was one of the three most important Baroque architects active in the Piedmont region of Northern Italy; the other two were Filippo Juvarra and Guarino Guarini. The youngest of the three, Vittone was the only one who was born in Piedmont. He achieved a synthesis of the spatial inventiveness of Juvarra and the engineering ingenuity of Guarini, particularly in the design of his churches, the buildings for which he is best known.

Confraternita di Santa Croce, Villanova Mondovì
The Church of the Contraternity of Holy Cross (Italian: Chiesa della Confraternita di Santa Croce) is a former Roman Catholic oratory or small church located in Via Monte Calvario #16 of the town of Villanova Mondovì, province of Cuneo, region of Piedmont, Italy.

The late Baroque-style building (1755) with a curvilinear lateral flanks of the brick facade and elaborate dome was designed by Bernardo Vittone and Francesco Gallo. The layout of this oratory is centralized with an octagonal central dome. It lies across the street from the more ancient church of Santa Caterina.
Vadodara high-speed railway station
Vadodara high-speed railway station is an under construction high-speed railway station on the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor. This station is located near Vadodara Junction railway station in Pratapgunj, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. It is the ninth station of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor, after Bharuch station and before Anand-Nadiad station.

Surat high-speed railway station
Surat high-speed railway station is an under construction high-speed railway station on the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor. It is located at Antroli near Surat and Kadodara in Gujarat, India. It is the seventh station of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor, after Bilimora station and before Bharuch station. It was initially scheduled to be completed by December 2024, and is slated to become operational by August 2027 along with the opening of the Surat-Vapi section of the high-speed rail corridor. The station will have the third depot of the high-speed rail corridor, just south of it near Niyol railway station.
King of the Hammers
King of the Hammers is an off-road race that combines desert racing and rock crawling. This race is held in February on Means Dry Lake at Johnson Valley, California, United States. The race is broadcast live on Ultra 4 Racing's website. King of The Hammers race week has expanded from one race. It is now a series of five races that run throughout the week. The races include a Can AM UTV event on Sunday, the ULTRA4 vs. Rock Bouncer shootout on Monday, the Every Man Challenge Race on Wednesday, and the Toyo Desert Invitational (Unlimited Trophy Trucks) on Thursday.

Off-road racing
Off-road racing is a form of motorsports consisting of specially-modified vehicles including cars, SUVs, trucks, motorbikes, quadbikes and buggies racing in off-road environments (e.g. snow, dirt, mud, etc.).
Gall wasp
Gall wasps, also traditionally called gallflies, or cynipids, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of cynipids are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America. Diplolepididae were traditionally included within the Cynipidae but have since been designated as their own family after some more recent phylogenetic studies.

Diplolepididae
Diplolepididae is a family of small gall-inducing wasps. Until recently these wasps were included in the gall wasp family (Cynipidae) but were moved to their own family based on genetic and morphological features. It contains two subfamilies: Diplolepidinae and Pediaspidinae.

Diplolepidinae includes about 60 species in two genera (Diplolepis and Liebelia), all of which induce galls on roses in which the larvae live and feed. This subfamily was formerly included in Cynipidae as the tribe Diplolepidini.

Pediaspidinae is composed of two monotypic genera: Himalocynips and Pediaspis. The biology of this subfamily is poorly known, though Pediaspis aceris induces galls on a species of maple. This subfamily was formerly included in Cynipidae as the tribe Pediaspini.
1971–72 Namibian contract workers strike
The 1971–72 Namibian contract workers general strike was a labour dispute in Namibia, which at the time was under the administration of the South African Apartheid Government. The dispute was between African contract workers (particularly miners) and the apartheid government. Workers sought to end the contract-labour system, which many described as close to slavery. An underlying goal was the promotion of independence under SWAPO leadership.

The strike began on 13 December 1971 in Windhoek and on the 14th in Walvis Bay before spreading to the US-owned Tsumeb Mine and beyond. Approximately 25,000 workers participated in the strike, primarily those from Ovamboland in the country's densely populated north. The strike continued into the next year, ending in March 1972.

Tsumeb
Tsumeb (Otjiherero: Okavisume; Khoekhoe: ǂAixorobes) is a town of around 35,000 inhabitants and the largest town and the former capital of the Oshikoto region in northern Namibia.

Tsumeb, since its founding in 1905, has been primarily a mining town. The town is the site of a deep mine (the lower workings now closed) whose ore deposits with respect to variety, rarity and aesthetics of minerals have been listed among 100 geological heritage sites around the world by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
Brandon Aiyuk
Brandon Aiyuk (EYE-yook; born March 17, 1998) is an American professional football wide receiver for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Sierra College Wolverines and Arizona State Sun Devils and was selected by the 49ers in the first round of the 2020 NFL draft.

Rocklin, California
Rocklin is a city in Placer County, California, United States, about 22 miles (35 km) northeast of Sacramento and about 6.1 miles (9.8 km) northeast of Roseville in the Sacramento metropolitan area. Besides Roseville, it borders Granite Bay, Loomis, and Lincoln. As of the 2020 census, Rocklin's population was 71,601.
Nagoya Broadcasting Network
JOLX-DTV (channel 6), branded as Mētele (メ～テレ, Mētere) is the Chūbu region flagship station of the All-Nippon News Network, owned by the Nagoya Broadcasting Network Co., Ltd. (名古屋テレビ放送株式会社, Nagoya Terebi Hōsō Kabushiki gaisha), with its headquarters in Nagoya. It is broadcast in Aichi Prefecture, Gifu Prefecture, and Mie Prefecture.

The station is well known among anime fans for its close association with the anime studio Sunrise (now known as Bandai Namco Filmworks), including participating in the production of such works as Mobile Suit Gundam, Zambot 3 (and its successor Daitarn 3), and Yoroiden Samurai Troopers.

Crush Gear Turbo
Crush Gear, known in Japan as Gekitou! Crush Gear Turbo (Japanese: 激闘!クラッシュギアTURBO, Hepburn: Gekitō! Kurasshugia Tābo), is a Japanese anime television series created by Sunrise. It aired from October 2001 to January 2003, with 68 episodes.

A standalone sequel titled Crush Gear Nitro (クラッシュギアNitro, Kurasshugia Naitoro) aired from February 2003 to January 2004.
Arnold Ridley
William Arnold Ridley (7 January 1896 – 12 March 1984) was an English playwright and actor, known early in his career for writing the 1925 play The Ghost Train and later in life for the British television sitcom Dad's Army (1968–1977), in which he played the elderly, bumbling Private Godfrey. He also appeared in such Dad's Army spin-offs as the feature film version and the stage production.

Peril at End House (play)
Peril at End House is a 1940 play based on the 1932 novel of the same name by Agatha Christie. The play is by Arnold Ridley, who much later played Private Godfrey in Dad's Army. Ridley was granted permission to adapt the book in an agreement with Christie dated 18 July 1938.