hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Awadhesh Pratap Singh
Captain Kunwar Awadhesh Pratap Singh (born October 1888, Rampur Baghelan–died 16 June 1967, Kanpur) was an Indian politician and Indian independence activist.

He was a member of the Indian National Congress party in Madhya Pradesh. He was a member of the Indian Constituent Assembly, the Provisional Parliament and the Rajya Sabha between 1952 and 1960. He became the Prime Minister of Rewa State in 1948 and the Chief Minister of Vindhya Pradesh from 1948 to 14 April 1949.

Singh was married to Maharaj Kumari and they had one son and one daughter. His son, Govind Narayan Singh, became the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh.

He died on 16 June 1967 in Kanpur. The Awadhesh Pratap Singh University in Rewa was named in his honour.

Rewa, Madhya Pradesh
Rewa is a city in the north-eastern part of Madhya Pradesh state in India. It is the administrative center of Rewa District and Rewa Division. The city lies about 420 kilometres (261 mi) northeast of the state capital Bhopal and  230 kilometres (143 mi) north of the city of Jabalpur. The maximum length of Rewa district is 125 km from east to west and the length of Rewa from north to south is 96 km. This area is surrounded by Kaimur hills to the south  Vindhyachal ranges pass through the middle of the district.
2003 Florida Atlantic Owls football team
The 2003 Florida Atlantic Owls football team represented Florida Atlantic University (FAU) as an independent during the 2003 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by third-year head coach Howard Schnellenberger, the Owls compiled a record of 11–3. Florida Atlantic advanced to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where the Owls defeated Bethune–Cookman in the first round and Northern Arizona in the quarterfinals before falling to the eventual national runner-up, Colgate, in the semifinals. Florida Atlantic played home games at Lockhart Stadium in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

2003 Bethune–Cookman Wildcats football team
The 2003 Bethune–Cookman Wildcats football team represented Bethune–Cookman College (now known as Bethune–Cookman University) as a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) during the 2003 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by seventh-year head coach Alvin Wyatt, the Wildcats compiled an overall record of 9–3, with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, and finished second in the MEAC. Bethune–Cookman advanced to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where the Wildcats lost to Florida Atlantic in the first round.
Vredefort impact structure
The Vredefort impact structure is one of the largest impact structures on Earth. The crater, which has since been eroded away, has been estimated at 170–300 kilometres (110–190 mi) across when it was formed, the latter estimate suggesting the initial crater was larger than Chicxulub crater, the largest mostly intact impact crater on Earth. The remaining structure, comprising the deformed underlying bedrock, is located in present-day Free State province of South Africa. It is named after the town of Vredefort, which is near its centre. The structure's central uplift is known as the Vredefort Dome, which is around 100–120 kilometres (62–75 mi) in diameter. The impact structure was formed during the Paleoproterozoic Era, 2.023 billion  (± 4 million) years ago. It is among the oldest known impact structures on Earth, after Yarrabubba (2.23 billion years old) and possibly Miralga.

In 2005, the Vredefort Dome was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites for its geologic interest.

Kaapvaal Craton
The Kaapvaal Craton (centred on the Limpopo Province in South Africa), along with the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia, are the only remaining areas of pristine 3.6–2.5 Ga (billion years ago) crust on Earth. Similarities of rock records from both these cratons, especially of the overlying late Archean sequences, suggest that they were once part of the Vaalbara supercontinent.
Malbork, Kartuzy County
Malbork [ˈmalbɔrk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stężyca, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Stężyca, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gmina Stężyca (Kashubian: Stãżëca) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Stężyca, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Kartuzy and 48 km (30 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 160.3 square kilometres (61.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,695.
Milton, New South Wales
Milton is a village in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, within the City of Shoalhaven. It was founded in 1860, named after the property of post master George Knight and became an important regional centre during the 19th Century. Today, Milton remains one of the two main commercial centres of the Milton-Ulladulla district, with a population at the 2016 census of 1,663. It is  a popular stopping place for travellers on the Princes Highway which runs through the centre of town. In recent years, Milton has undergone a resurgence largely influenced by the local tourism industry and an influx of residents to the district seeking a seachange. Several new housing estates are being developed on the fringes of the village and new boutique stores, cafes and bed and breakfast type businesses have located in the town.

South Coast (New South Wales)
The South Coast refers to the narrow coastal belt from the Shoalhaven district in the north to the state border with Victoria in the south in the south-eastern part of the State of New South Wales, Australia. It is bordered to the west by the coastal escarpment of the Southern Tablelands, and is largely covered by a series of national parks, namely Jervis Bay National Park, Eurobodalla National Park, and Beowa National Park. To the east is the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterised by rolling farmlands, small towns and villages along a rocky coastline, interspersed by numerous beaches and lakes.

The South Coast includes Shoalhaven district in the north and the Bega Valley in the more remote south as well as the Eurobodalla Shire and the Commonwealth Jervis Bay Territory which is adjacent to the City of Shoalhaven Local Government Area. Some definitions of the region include the Illawarra, but it is often seen as a separate and distinct region of New South Wales.
Ioan Zaizan
Ioan Zaizan (born 21 July 1983) is a Romanian middle-distance runner. He competed in the 1500 metres event at the 2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships.

Zaizan is married to Romanian sprinter Alina Panainte.

2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships
The 2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics was the fifteenth edition of the international indoor track and field competition, organised by the IAAF. The event was held between 7–9 March 2014 at the Ergo Arena in Sopot, Poland.
Gravity Won't Get You High
Gravity Won't Get You High is the debut studio album of Australian indie rock band the Grates. It was produced by Brian Deck, and features studio produced versions of songs from their EP The Ouch. The Touch. Notable differences are the usage of banjo and fiddle in "Sukkafish".

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2006 the album was nominated for two awards; Breakthrough Artist - Album and Best Cover Art. At the J Award of 2006, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year. The album was also nominated for the 2006 Australian Music Prize.

Four songs from the album made it into the 2006 Triple J Hottest 100 -- "Lies Are Much More Fun" at #71, "Inside Outside" at #42, "Science Is Golden" at #17 and "19 20 20" at #10.

2006 ARIA Music Awards
The 20th annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) were held on 29 October 2006 at the Acer Arena at the Sydney Olympic Park complex. Presenters on the night included James Mathison, Johnny Knoxville, Jesse McCartney and John Mayer.
John I Sanudo
John I Sanudo (Italian: Giovanni I Sanudo, also known by the diminutive Janulli; died 1362) was the sixth Duke of the Archipelago from 1341 to his death.

He was the brother and successor of Nicholas I and son of William I. His other brother was Marco Sanudo, Lord of Milos.

In 1344, the Aydinid Turks occupied part of Naxos, enslaving 6,000 locals.

John was a supporter of Venice in her war against Genoa, but he was captured and taken captive with his family to Genoa in 1351, where he remained despite Papal entreaties for his release. He was let go in by the terms of the peace treaty of 1355.

With his wife Maria he had one daughter, Florence, who succeeded him.

War of the Straits
The War of the Straits (Italian: Guerra degli Stretti) or Third Genoese–Venetian War was a conflict fought between the Republic of Venice and the Republic of Genoa, and their allies, in 1350–1355. The third in a series of conflicts between the two major Italian maritime republics, the war resulted from the intense commercial and political rivalry over access to the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. The main immediate events that precipitated the war were the conflicts over Caffa and Tanais in the northern Black Sea, control of passage through the Bosporus straits—whence the conflict received its name—and the seizure of Chios and Phocaea by the Genoese.
Walters, Virginia
Walters is an unincorporated community in Isle of Wight County in the Hampton Roads region of southeastern Virginia,  United States. The elevation is 56 feet (17 m).

Walters was located on a now-abandoned portion of the Virginian Railway (VGN), built by industrialist Henry Huttleston Rogers to ship coal from West Virginia to port at Sewell's Point, near Norfolk. Completed in 1909, the VGN was merged into the Norfolk and Western Railway in 1959. The former railroad right-of-way now carries an important pipeline which transports fresh water to communities in South Hampton Roads.

Walters was named after a resident, Walter Joyner. A nearby community in Southampton County was already named Joyners, so that name was abandoned. The community at one time was a bustling area, with several stores, a bank and post office.  However, it is still home to some local businesses, including one that sells lawn and garden equipment, golf carts, and lawn tractors.

Isle of Wight County, Virginia
Isle of Wight County is a county in the Hampton Roads region of the U.S. state of Virginia. It is named after the Isle of Wight, England, south of the Solent, from where many of its early colonists had come. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,606. Its county seat is Isle of Wight, an unincorporated community. Isle of Wight County is in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its northeastern boundary is on the coast of Hampton Roads waterway.
1919 PGA Championship
The 1919 PGA Championship was the second PGA Championship, which is now considered one of golf's major championships. It was held September 16–20 at the Engineers Country Club in Roslyn Harbor, New York, east of New York City on Long Island in Nassau County.

The PGA Championship was not held in 1917 or 1918 due to World War I. The field of 32 golfers qualified by sectional tournaments. They competed in 36-hole match play rounds in a single-elimination tournament. Defending champion Jim Barnes defeated Fred McLeod, 6 and 5, in the final.

Jim Barnes (golfer)
James Martin Barnes (April 8, 1886 – May 24, 1966) was an English professional golfer who was a leading figure in the early years of professional golf in the United States. He was the first Briton to win three different modern professional major championships.
Losing Battles
Losing Battles: A Novel is the last novel by Eudora Welty.  It was released on April 13, 1970. Its setting is two days—a Sunday and Monday morning—in a 1930s farm in Mississippi. It was her first novel to make the best seller lists, to Welty's surprise.

Eudora Welty
Eudora Alice Welty (April 13, 1909 – July 23, 2001) was an American short-story writer, novelist, and photographer who wrote about the American South. Her novel The Optimist's Daughter won the Pulitzer Prize in 1973. Welty received numerous awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Order of the South. She was the first living author to have her works published by the Library of America. Her house in Jackson, Mississippi, has been designated as a National Historic Landmark and is open to the public as a house museum.
Pierre Dumont (painter)
Pierre Jean Baptiste Louis Dumont (29 March 1884, in 5th arrondissement, Paris – 8 April 1936, in Paris) more commonly known as Pierre Dumont, was a French painter of the Rouen School. He was schooled at the Lycée Pierre-Corneille and subsequently studied painting with Joseph Delattre. Dumont founded the Groupe des XXX (1907), and along with Robert Antoine Pinchon, Yvonne Barbier, and Eugène Tirvert founded the Société Normande de Peinture Moderne (1909). From 1910 to 1916 Dumont lived at the Le Bateau-Lavoir becoming friends with Juan Gris, Max Jacob and Guillaume Apollinaire. He turned towards Cubism during this period and played a crucial role in the organization of the Salon de la Section d'Or at the Galerie La Boétie in Paris, October 1912.

Rouen School
The Rouen School (L'École de Rouen) is a term used for artists or artisans born or working in Rouen, or for all artistic products from Rouen, such as Rouen faience of the 16th to 18th centuries.

The term was first used in 1902 by Arsène Alexandre in his catalogue to an exhibition by Joseph Delattre in the galerie Durand-Ruel in Paris. Alexandre used it to refer to Joseph Delattre, Léon-Jules Lemaître, Charles Angrand and Charles Frechon, four Post-Impressionist artists interested in Neo-Impressionism (and particularly Seurat's pointillism) towards the end of the 1880s. Alexandre also used the term for a second generation of l'École de Rouen, including Robert Antoine Pinchon and Pierre Dumont among others, in relation to Fauvism and Cubism.
Kilgetty/Begelly
Kilgetty/Begelly is a community in southeast Pembrokeshire, Wales. It includes the settlements of Begelly, Broom, Kilgetty, Reynalton, Shipping and Thomas Chapel. The community touches Amroth, East Williamston, Jeffreyston, Lampeter Velfrey, Saundersfoot and Templeton. It has a community council and community association.

Kilgetty
Kilgetty (Welsh: Cilgeti; Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village immediately north of Saundersfoot in Pembrokeshire, Wales, at the junction of the A477 between St. Clears and Pembroke Dock and the A478 between Tenby and Cardigan.
Jose Abad Santos Avenue
Jose Abad Santos Avenue (JASA), also known as the Olongapo–Gapan Road and the Gapan–San Fernando–Olongapo Road, is a two-to-thirteen-lane 118-kilometer (73 mi) major highway spanning the provinces of Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Zambales in Central Luzon, Philippines. The highway is designated as National Route 3 (N3) of the Philippine highway network.

Pampanga River
The Pampanga River is the second largest river on the island of Luzon in the Philippines (next to the Cagayan River) and the country's fifth longest river. It is in the Central Luzon region and traverses the provinces of Pampanga, Bulacan, and Nueva Ecija.
John Wentworth (Illinois politician)
John Wentworth (March 5, 1815 – October 16, 1888), was the editor of the Chicago Democrat, publisher of an extensive Wentworth family genealogy, a two-term mayor of Chicago, and a six-term member of the United States House of Representatives (serving tenured in that body both before and after his service as mayor).

After growing up in New Hampshire, he joined the migration west and moved to the developing city of Chicago in 1836, where he made his adult life. Wentworth was affiliated with the Democratic Party until 1855; then he changed to the Republican Party. After retiring from politics, he wrote a three-volume genealogy of the Wentworth family in the United States.

A 1994 survey of experts on Chicago politics assessed Wentworth as one of the ten best mayors in the city's history (up to that time).

Chicago Democrat
The Chicago Democrat was the first newspaper  in Chicago, Illinois. It was published from 1833 to 1861. In 2017 Atom, LLC restarted Chicago Democrat and has built a website aimed at statewide coverage of news, sports, weather and information in Illinois.
Muscle Outlaw'z
Muscle Outlaw'z, or MO'z for short, was a professional wrestling stable in the Japanese promotion Dragon Gate, formed on April 23, 2006. It was founded by former Blood Generation members Naruki Doi, Masato Yoshino, Naoki Tanizaki, and Gamma, intending to compete with  CIMA's faction. Other members included Genki Horiguchi, Magnitude Kishiwada, Yasushi Kanda, Kinta Tamaoka, Cyber Kong, and YAMATO.

Cyber Kong
Takashi Yoshida (吉田 隆司, Yoshida Takashi; born July 3, 1982 in Osaka, Japan), also known by his former stage name Cyber Kong (サイバー・コング, Saibā Kongu), is a Japanese professional wrestler currently wrestling for Dragongate under his real name.
Andy Reed (rugby union)
Andy Reed (born 4 May 1969) is a British former rugby union player who played lock for Bodmin RFC, Camborne RFC, Bath Rugby, London Wasps, Cornwall Rugby Football Union, and represented Scotland 18 times between 1993 and 1999. He also represented the British & Irish Lions against New Zealand in 1993 and captained Scotland on their tour of Argentina in 1994. Whilst at Wasps he helped them win the Anglo-Welsh Cup in 2000.

He is now a plumber in Cornwall.

Camborne RFC
Camborne RFC was established in 1878, known locally by fans as 'Town', are one of the most famous rugby union clubs in Cornwall. Having been  promoted from Regional 1 South West, a level five league in the English rugby union system, Camborne RFC play in National League 2 West  finishing in 2nd place in the 2024 - 25 season, missing out narrowly to Clifton RFC.

When the rugby union leagues were introduced in 1987, Camborne was the highest placed Cornish team and played in Area 4 South. They are also one of the most successful club sides in Cornwall having won the Cornish Cup ten times as of 2016 – level with local rivals Redruth – following a record fourth title in a row in 2016. Camborne enjoys a strong a rivalry with neighbours Redruth, with the two clubs meeting each year, in what was once erroneously believed to be the world's longest enduring rugby fixture.
Vanuatu Daily Post
The Vanuatu Daily Post is a newspaper published in Port Vila in Vanuatu. It is the only daily newspaper in Vanuatu.

In 1993, British journalist Marc Neil-Jones acquired the rights to publish the periodical The Trading Post and used it as the foundation for creating the first professional newspaper in Vanuatu. The publication is issued in English. Initially, it was released weekly, and the company obtained its first independent funding by winning a tender to redesign the telephone directory.

Within the first year, circulation reached 2,000 copies, and the title began appearing twice a week. Since May 2003, it has been published as the Vanuatu Daily Post and operates as a daily newspaper.

The newspaper's founder, Marc Neil-Jones, had been the victim of physical attacks supported by government ministers during his time at the newspaper. He died March 10, 2025.

Marc Neil-Jones
Marc Neil-Jones (14 October 1957 – 10 March 2025) was an English-born Vanuatuan journalist. A campaigner for freedom of the press, he was assaulted several times, as well as briefly deported and imprisoned. Radio New Zealand has described him as "one of the Pacific's most significant journalistic figures".
Hypnoid state
The hypnoid state is a theory of the origins of hysteria published jointly by Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud in their Preliminary communication  of 1893, subsequently reprinted as the first chapter of Studies on Hysteria (1895).

For Breuer and Freud, who characterised the hypnoid state as a state of absence of mind/consciousness produced by intense daydreams of a mournful or sexual nature, "the existence of hypnoid states forms the foundation and condition of hysteria".

Josef Breuer
Josef Breuer (/ˈbrɔɪər/ BROY-ur; Austrian German: [ˈbrɔʏɐ]; 15 January 1842 – 20 June 1925) was an Austrian physician who made discoveries in neurophysiology, and whose work during the 1880s with his patient Bertha Pappenheim, known as Anna O., led to the development of the "cathartic method" (also referred to as the "talking cure") for psychiatric disorders. The method was a major initiatory factor for psychoanalysis, as developed by Breuer's friend and collaborator Sigmund Freud.
Doxastic logic
Doxastic logic is a type of logic concerned with reasoning about beliefs.

The term doxastic derives from the Ancient Greek δόξα (doxa, "opinion, belief"), from which the English term doxa ("popular opinion or belief") is also borrowed. Typically, a doxastic logic uses the notation  to mean "reasoner  believes that  is true", and the set  denotes the set of beliefs of . In doxastic logic, belief is treated as a modal operator.

There is complete parallelism between a person who believes propositions and a formal system that derives propositions. Using doxastic logic, one can express the epistemic counterpart of Gödel's incompleteness theorem of metalogic, as well as Löb's theorem, and other metalogical results in terms of belief.

Raymond Smullyan
Raymond Merrill Smullyan (/ˈsmʌliən/; May 25, 1919 – February 6, 2017) was an American mathematician, magician, concert pianist, logician, Taoist, and philosopher.

Born in Far Rockaway, New York, Smullyan's first career choice was in stage magic. He earned a BSc from the University of Chicago in 1955 and his PhD from Princeton University in 1959. Smullyan is one of many logicians to have studied with Alonzo Church.
Tamagotchi (song)
"Tamagotchi" is a song by American singer Omar Apollo from his debut studio album Ivory (2022). It was released as the album's fifth single on March 23, 2022. The song was written by Apollo, Maye, and Najai Washington and produced by Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo of The Neptunes. It is named after the Japanese toy of the same name.

Omar Apollo
Omar Apolonio Velasco (born May 20, 1997), known professionally as Omar Apollo, is an American singer, songwriter, and actor. After signing a record deal with Warner Records, his debut album, Ivory, was released in 2022 to positive reviews and earned him a Grammy Award nomination for Best New Artist at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards. Apollo sings in both English and Spanish.
Castleton, North Yorkshire
Castleton is a village on the River Esk, part of the civil parish of Danby in the county of North Yorkshire in England, 7.1 miles (11.5 km) south-east of Guisborough, in the North York Moors. There was once a medieval castle on Castle Hill that is thought to have been abandoned when Danby Castle was constructed.

Castleton has a local school, St Michael and St George's Church. Castleton is a centre for walking, birdwatching, shooting and many other pursuits. It is said that Castleton was named after a castle built near the River Esk. The village has a Clapper bridge that spans Danby Beck; this bridge was listed as Grade II in 2016.

Castleton has a primary school (Castleton Community Primary School) with secondary education available at Caedmon College or Eskdale School, which are both in Whitby.

Castleton was once the main market and industrial town serving Upper Eskdale. There were annual wool, cheese and cattle fairs, cheese market and a silk mill.

North York Moors
The North York Moors is an upland area and national park in North Yorkshire, England. It contains one of the largest expanses of heather moorland in the United Kingdom.

The area was designated a national park in 1952, through the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The park covers an area of 554 sq mi (1,430 km2), and had a population of 22,935 at the 2021 census. It is administered by the North York Moors National Park Authority, which is based in Helmsley.