hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lam Chiu Ying
Lam Chiu-ying SBS (Chinese: 林超英; Cantonese Yale: làhm chīu yīng; pinyin: Lín Chāoyīng), also known by the nickname 'Black Ying' (Chinese: 黑英; pinyin: Hēi Yīng), is a Hong Kong meteorologist, bird-watcher, conservationist and blogger. He was the director of the Hong Kong Observatory 2003 through 2009. He is also an honorary fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society, an honorary university fellow of the University of Hong Kong, as well as the honorary president of the Hong Kong Bird Watching Society. Microplanet 64288 Lamchiuying is named after Lam.

Silver Bauhinia Star
The Silver Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 銀紫荊星章, SBS) is the second rank of the Order of the Bauhinia Star under the honours system of Hong Kong, awarded to people who have taken a leading part in public affairs or voluntary work over a long period. The award was created in 1997 to replace the British honours system (such as Order of the British Empire) after the transfer of sovereignty to People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Directorate of Ukraine
The Directorate, or Directory (Ukrainian: Директорія, romanized: Dyrektoriia) was a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic, initially formed on 13–14 November 1918 during a session of the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against the Ukrainian State. During the Anti-Hetman Uprising it was named as the Executive Council of the State Affairs. Its authority was extended by the Labor Congress of Ukraine on 23–28 January 1919.

After unsuccessful attempts to gather members of the committee, it dissolved on 10 November 1920. On 12 November 1920 by the Law on the Temporary Supreme Authority and the Legislative System of the UNR, the executive council was reformed into a single-person government position.

Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko (Ukrainian: Володимир Кирилович Винниченко; July 28 [O.S. July 16] 1880 – March 6, 1951) was a Ukrainian statesman, political activist, writer, playwright and artist who served as the first prime minister of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Prior to his entry onto the stage of Ukrainian politics, he was a long-time political activist, who lived abroad in Western Europe from 1906 to 1914 escaping persecution by Russian authorities.

Vynnychenko's works reflect his immersion in the Ukrainian revolutionary milieu, as well as his life both among impoverished working-class people, and among émigrés living in Western Europe. He is recognized as a leading Ukrainian modernist writer of the pre-revolutionary era, and an author of short stories, novels, and plays. In Soviet Ukraine between the 1930s and mid-1980s Vynnychenko's works, like those of many other Ukrainian writers, were forbidden.
Tolkmicko
Tolkmicko (pronounced TOLK-mitzko [tɔlkˈmit͡skɔ], German: Tolkemit) is a town in northern Poland, on the Vistula Lagoon, about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Elbląg. It is located in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in Elbląg County. Its population is 2,766 (2004).

Elbląg County
Elbląg County (Polish: powiat elbląski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Elbląg, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Pasłęk, 18 km (11 mi) east of Elbląg, Tolkmicko, 27 km (17 mi) north of Elbląg, and Młynary, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Elbląg.

The county covers an area of 1,430.55 square kilometres (552.3 sq mi). In 2019, its total population was 57,395, of which the population of Pasłęk was 12,160, that of Tolkmicko was 2,689, that of Młynary was 1,772, and the rural population was 40,774.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Development (Poland)
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Development (Polish: Ministerstwo Infrastruktury i Rozwoju) was a ministerial department of the government of Poland. The ministry was created in November 2013 following the merger of the Ministry of Regional Development and the Ministry of Transport, Construction and Marine Economy during the cabinet of Prime Minister Donald Tusk. The last minister responsible for the department was Andrzej Adamczyk. It was split in late 2015 into Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Infrastructure and Construction and Ministry of Development.

Ministry of Development (Poland)
Ministry of Economic Development  (Polish: Ministerstwo Rozwoju) was the office of government in Poland responsible for economy and regional development. Mateusz Morawiecki was the last Minister of Development. It was created in late 2015 from the split of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Development and dissolved in 2018, after creation of Ministry of Investment and Economic Development.

15 November 2019  the ministry has been reactivated at the forefront Jadwiga Emilewicz
Nineteenth hole
In golf, the nineteenth hole is a slang term for a pub, bar, or restaurant on or near the golf course, very often the clubhouse itself. A standard round of golf has only eighteen (18) holes of play. An alternate term for a bar is a "watering hole"; thus, by extension, continuing the day after 18 holes of golf at a watering hole makes the bar a "nineteenth hole". The concept is similar to Après-ski in skiing. The R&A has called the Jigger Inn, which overlooks the 17th Road Hole on the Old Course in St Andrews, Scotland, "Arguably the most famous 19th hole in the world", while Golf Monthly has also called it "the most famous 19th hole in golf".

Glossary of golf
The following is a glossary of the terminology currently used in the sport of golf. Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.  Old names for clubs can be found at Obsolete golf clubs.
Empire Award for Best British Film
The Empire Award for Best British Film was an Empire Award presented annually by the British film magazine Empire to honour the best British film of the previous year. The Empire Award for Best British Film was one of five ongoing awards which were first introduced at the 1st Empire Awards ceremony in 1996 (the others being Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Director and Best Film) with Shallow Grave receiving the award. God's Own Country was the most recent winner in this category. Winners were chosen by the readers of Empire magazine.

Empire Awards
The Empire Awards was an annual British awards ceremony honouring cinematic achievements in the local and global film industry. Winners were awarded the Empire Award statuette. The awards, first presented in 1996, were presented by the British film magazine Empire with the winners voted by the readers of the magazine.

The 23rd Empire Awards was the final ceremony, held on 18 March 2018 in London to honour films released in 2017. The awards were sponsored by Jameson Irish Whiskey from the 14th Empire Awards and were thenceforth officially called the Jameson Empire Awards. The official sponsor of the Awards changed to Rakuten TV for the 23rd Empire Awards. The Empire Awards ceremonies were discontinued after 2018 for unknown reasons.
Corinium Museum
The Corinium Museum, in the Cotswold town of Cirencester in England, has a large collection of objects found in and around the locality. The bulk of the exhibits are from the Roman town of Corinium Dobunnorum, but the museum includes material from across the Cotswold District as early as the Neolithic and all the way up to Victorian times.

Corinium Dobunnorum
Corinium Dobunnorum was the Romano-British settlement at Cirencester in the present-day English county of Gloucestershire. Its 2nd-century walls enclosed the second-largest area of a city in Roman Britain. It was the tribal capital of the Dobunni and is usually thought to have been the capital of the Diocletian-era province of Britannia Prima (Britannia I).
CS Chamarel
The CS Chamarel, originally CS Vercors, was a cable layer owned by France Telecom Marine, laying submarine communications cables around the world. It was built in 1974 and destroyed by a fire in August 2012. As the Vercors, the ship laid cables on and between all continents except Antarctica, including numerous trans-Atlantic cables and the first ever Israeli-made cable, and set the record for the deepest submarine buried cable lay in 2000. The ship was badly damaged by a fire and driven aground on 8 August 2012.

Cable layer
A cable layer or cable ship is a deep-sea vessel designed and used to lay underwater cables for telecommunications, for electric power transmission, military, or other purposes. Cable ships are distinguished by large cable sheaves for guiding cable over bow or stern or both. Bow sheaves, some very large, were characteristic of all cable ships in the past, but newer ships are tending toward having stern sheaves only, as seen in the photo of CS Cable Innovator at the Port of Astoria on this page. The names of cable ships are often preceded by "C.S." as in CS Long Lines.

The first transatlantic telegraph cable was laid by cable layers in 1857 to 1858. It briefly enabled telecommunication between Europe and North America before misuse resulted in failure of the line. In 1866 the SS Great Eastern successfully laid two transatlantic cables, securing future communication between the continents.
Prionoceratoidea
Prionoceratoidea is a superfamily in the goniatitid suborder, Tornoceratina that was extant during the latter Paleozoic.

The inclusive taxonomy of the Prionoceratoidea varies according to classification. In some, valid families are the Gattendorfiidae, Prionoceratidae, Pseudarietitidae, and Voehringeritidae. Others may add the Acrocanitidae, Cheiloceratidae,  Praeglyphioceratidae, and Sporadoceratidae to the list although it is not at all clear that these belong.

Sporadoceratidae
Sporadoceratidae is one of seven families of the  	Prionoceratoidea superfamily, a member of the Goniatitida order. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids.
Nymphalidae
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a reduced pair of forelegs and many hold their colourful wings flat when resting. They are also called brush-footed butterflies or four-footed butterflies, because they are known to stand on only four legs while the other two are curled up; in some species, these forelegs have a brush-like set of hairs, which gives this family its other common name. Many species are brightly coloured and include popular species such as the emperors, monarch butterfly, admirals, tortoiseshells, and fritillaries. However, the under wings are, in contrast, often dull and in some species look remarkably like dead leaves, or are much paler, producing a cryptic effect that helps the butterflies blend into their surroundings.

Libytheinae
The Libytheinae are a nymphalid subfamily known as snout butterflies, containing two valid genera and about ten species: six in Libythea and four in Libytheana. The common name refers to the thick labial palps (pedipalps) that look like a "snout" in this subfamily. In older literature, this group was recognized as the family Libytheidae. They are medium-sized and typically a drab brown. The front legs are reduced in length and the ventral hindwings are cryptically colored to help them blend in with their surroundings. While at rest, the members of this subfamily keep their wings tightly closed to resemble dead leaves.
Rhadalidae
Rhadalidae are a family of beetles of the superfamily Cleroidea, formerly treated as a subfamily within the family Melyridae. The adults are predators or feed on pollen, while the larvae are probably carnivorous.

Cleroidea
Cleroidea is a small superfamily of beetles containing over 10,000 species. Most of the members of the group are somewhat slender, often with fairly soft, flexible elytra, and typically hairy or scaly.
Westbrook Estates, Edmonton
Westbrook Estates is a well-established neighbourhood "designed to appeal to individuals and families in search of a quiet, high quality residential environment with prestigious, architecturally designed homes on large lots."  It is located in south west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

The neighbourhood overlooks the Whitemud Creek Ravine on the west, north west, and south west.  The eastern boundary of the neighbourhood is 119 Street.  Surrounding neighbourhoods are Aspen Gardens to the north, Greenfield to the east and north east, Sweet Grass to the east, Blue Quill to the south east, and Blue Quill Estates to the south.

Located within the neighbourhood is the Derrick Golf and Winter Club, founded in 1959.  The club provides its members with "golf, tennis, indoor aquatic center, childcare, curling, badminton, large fitness center, two studios, and an outdoor volleyball court", as well as access to outdoor ski trails and an outdoor skating rink.

Blue Quill, Edmonton
Blue Quill is a residential neighbourhood located in south west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  Blue Quill and the adjacent neighbourhood of Blue Quill Estates are named to honour Chief Blue Quill of the Saddle Lake Band.

It is bounded on the south by 23 Avenue, on the east by 111 Street, and on the west by 119 Street.  The north boundary is Saddleback Road east of 115 Street, and a utility corridor west of 115 Street.  At 115 Street, Saddleback Road turns south and cuts through the neighbourhood.  The south west corner of the neighbourhood overlooks the Blackmud Creek Ravine.

The community is represented by the Blue Quill Community League, established in 1979, which maintains a community hall, an outdoor rink, tennis courts and basketball courts located at 113 Street and 25 Avenue.
John Regan American Legion Hall
The John Regan American Legion Hall at 401 W. Idaho St. in Boise, Idaho was built in 1939.  It was designed by Tourtellotte & Hummel.  Its architecture is a hybrid of Moderne and Art Deco architecture.

It served historically as an American Legion clubhouse.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 for its architecture.

The current tenants are TAG Historical Research (lower level) and ClearRock Capital.

Hummel Architects
Hummel Architects PLLC is an American architectural firm based in Boise, Idaho. Its history extends back to 1890, when architect and contractor John E. Tourtellotte (1869-1939), of Massachusetts established himself in Boise. The firm is best remembered for the work it completed from 1910 to 1942 under the partnership / firm  name of Tourtellotte & Hummel, joining with Charles Hummel, including the Idaho State Capitol in Boise, (designed 1904-1913, constructed 1905-1920). From 1922 until 2002 it was led by three successive generations of the Hummel family.
Jaime Soto
Jaime Soto (born December 31, 1955) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Sacramento since 2007.  He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Orange in Southern California from 2000 to 2007.

Mater Dei High School (Santa Ana, California)
Mater Dei High School is a private, Catholic, co-educational secondary school in Santa Ana, California, located in and administered by the Diocese of Orange.

Mater Dei is nationally known for its strong sports programs, especially in football. It is ranked first in the United States for "best high schools for athletes" by school review company Niche. In 2014, Bleacher Report ranked it in the top five high schools in the U.S. for producing professional athletes. Over 68 percent of the student body participates in some role with a team, in one of the 25 different sports sponsored by the school. Altogether they have won 90 CIF, state, and national championships.
Rainer Hartleb
Rainer Hartleb (born 29 February 1944) is a German-Swedish director of documentary films. He is best known for the Jordbro suite, a series of films that follows a group of people from Jordbro from the age of seven, when they began school in 1972, until the present. As of 2013, Hartleb has made six Jordbro films. En pizza i Jordbro (1994) won the Guldbagge Award for Best Film at the 30th Guldbagge Awards. On 13 January 2007 Hartleb won TV4's Guldsolen film prize for 2006.

He had a daughter with playwright Suzanne Osten.

Suzanne Osten
Carlota Suzanne Osten (20 June 1944 – 28 October 2024) was a Swedish film director, stage director, and screenwriter. She won the award for Best Director at the 22nd Guldbagge Awards for the film The Mozart Brothers.
Australasian Plant Pathology
Australasian Plant Pathology is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes original research and critical reviews on phytopathology in the Australasian region. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media in cooperation with the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

The journal began in 1972 as the APPS Newsletter. In 1978 it was renamed A.P.P. Australasian Plant Pathology, and in 1984 it adopted its current name. As of early 2025 there have been 54 volumes, at six issues per year. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 1.599.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society
The Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPS) is a scientific association whose members study plant diseases. Its members are located in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea, and also the Indian, Pacific and Asian regions. The society was founded in 1969.

As part of their membership in APPS, members are also associate members of the International Society for Plant Pathology.

The society holds biennial conferences rotated throughout its eleven regions. The 2025 APPS conference was held in Sydney, Australia.
Thaddée Ntihinyurwa
Thaddée Ntihinyurwa, (born 25 September 1942), is a Rwandan Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kigali, Rwanda from 1996 until his age-related retirement on 19 November 2018. Before that, from November 1991 until March 1996 he was Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cyangugu, Rwanda. He was appointed Bishop on 5 November 1981 by Pope John Paul II. He retired on 19 November 2018 at the age of 76 years. He lives on as Archbishop Emeritus of Kigali, Rwanda.

Diocese of Cyangugu
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cyangugu (Latin: Cyanguguen(sis)) is a diocese located in the city of Cyangugu in the ecclesiastical province of Kigali in Rwanda. Since 2021, the Catholic Diocese of Cyangugu is entrusted to Bishop Edouard Sinayobye.

The Diocese of Cyangugu (in French Diocèse Catholique de Cyangugu) was established by Pope John Paul II on November 14, 1981. It was entrusted to Bishop Thaddeus Ntihinyurwa on January 24, 1982, as diocesan bishop until his appointment as Archbishop of Kigali on March 9, 1996, and as Apostolic Administrator of Cyangugu until January 2, 1997, when the pope appointed his successor, Bishop Jean Damascène Bimenyimana, who served as Bishop of the Diocese of Cyangugu until he died on March 11, 2018.
Chowdhury Abdullah Al-Mamun
Chowdhury Abdullah Al-Mamun (born 12 January 1964) is a Bangladeshi former police officer who served as the 31st Inspector general of Bangladesh Police (IGP) from 30 September 2022 to 6 August 2024. Prior to this, he served as the director general of Rapid Action Battalion (RAB). Before joining RAB, he was the chief of Criminal Investigation Department (CID).

Rapid Action Battalion
The Rapid Action Battalion (Bengali: র‍্যাপিড অ্যাকশন ব্যাটালিয়ন, romanised: Ryaepid Ækśon Byāṭāliẏan; abbreviated as RAB) is an elite law enforcement force in Bangladesh tasked with combating serious crimes, terrorism, and organised criminal activities. Operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs, RAB is a composite force comprising personnel from the Police, Army, Navy, Air Force, BGB, and Ansar. Since its establishment in 2004, RAB has played a key role in counter-terrorism, anti-drug operations, and high-profile criminal investigations.

The Rapid Action Battalion has faced criticism from human rights groups for their use of extrajudicial killings and alleged involvement in enforced disappearances. It is estimated that between 2004 and 2008, RAB had killed 1,062 people.
Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1858)
Arthur Alfred Brown (3 December 1858 – 1 July 1909) was an English footballer who played for Aston Villa in the 1880s. He was their first international player, making three appearances for England in 1882. Throughout his career he was known as "Digger" Brown.

1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain
The 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain was the first, and to date only, professional baseball championship for the national baseball title of Great Britain. The National League's headquarters were located at 38 Holborn Viaduct, London. Aston Villa were the National League champions, despite Derby Baseball Club leading the league for much of the season, following their contentious dismissal from the championship, mid-season. Aston Villa were officially known as Birmingham Baseball Club Limited, with their uniforms emblazoned with ‘Birmingham AV’ on the jersey, despite being officially part of the famous football club. As a result, in some reports of the day, they were referred to as Birmingham. Preston Amateurs were the Amateur League champions, beating Birmingham Amateurs 43-15 and 42–7 in a best of three finals. A large number of leading football and cricket professionals of the era were involved, alongside American professional baseball players.
Henry Collingwood Selby
Henry Collingwood Selby was the 11th Queen's Advocate of Ceylon. He was appointed on 23 June 1848, succeeding Arthur William Buller, and held the office until 1858. He was succeeded by Henry Byerley Thomson.

Henry Byerley Thomson
Henry Byerley Thomson (1822–1867) was an English barrister and jurist, and the 12th Queen's Advocate of Ceylon. Initially Henry William Thomson, in 1846 he added his mother's maiden name, and was known as Henry Byerley Thomson or Henry William Byerley Thomson.
Costa Masnaga
Costa Masnaga (Brianzöö: Masnàga) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Lecco.

Costa Masnaga borders the following municipalities: Bulciago, Garbagnate Monastero, Lambrugo, Merone, Molteno, Nibionno, Rogeno.

The municipality was created in 1789, by merging together the villages of Tregolo, Brenno Della Torre and Centemero under the same administrative unit.

Nibionno
Nibionno (locally Nibiònn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Lecco.

Nibionno borders the following municipalities: Bulciago, Cassago Brianza, Costa Masnaga, Inverigo, Lambrugo, Veduggio con Colzano.

The town's economy is mostly based on textile industry.
Hague Convention on Hospital Ships
The Hague Convention on Hospital Ships is a 1904 multilateral treaty that supplemented the 1899 Hague Convention for the adaptation to Maritime Warfare of the Principles of the Geneva Convention. The convention established that during times of war, hospital ships would be exempted from dues and taxes imposed on vessels in the ports of the states that ratify the treaty. It is the one treaty on the laws of war that was concluded between the two conferences at The Hague in 1899 and 1907.

Hospital ship
A hospital ship is a ship designated for primary function as a floating medical treatment facility or hospital. Most are operated by the military forces (mostly navies) of various countries, as they are intended to be used in or near war zones. In the 19th century, redundant warships were used as moored hospitals for seamen.

The Second Geneva Convention of 1949 prohibits military attacks on hospital ships that meet specified requirements, though belligerent forces have right of inspection and may take  patients, but not staff, as prisoners of war.