hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wald–Wolfowitz runs test
The Wald–Wolfowitz runs test (or simply runs test), named after statisticians Abraham Wald and Jacob Wolfowitz is a non-parametric statistical test that checks a randomness hypothesis for a two-valued data sequence. More precisely, it can be used to test the hypothesis that the elements of the sequence are mutually independent.

Nonparametric statistics
Nonparametric statistics is a type of statistical analysis that makes minimal assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data being studied. Often these models are infinite-dimensional, rather than finite dimensional, as in parametric statistics. Nonparametric statistics can be used for descriptive statistics or statistical inference. Nonparametric tests are often used when the assumptions of parametric tests are evidently violated.
Catherine Rayner (designer)
Catherine Rayner was a British fashion designer specialising in wedding dresses.

Her designs in 1999 were admired for "classic elegance and romantic flair" and noted for their very fitted bodices and flattering cuts. One of her gowns, in bead-embroidered satin, was chosen by Sandra Boler, the editor of Brides magazine, along with shoes by Emma Hope and a bridegroom's outfit by Tom Gilbey to represent 1995's Dress of the Year in the Fashion Museum, Bath's collection. At the time, Boler described her choice as representing that year's nostalgic and period-costume-influenced trends. Rayner's designs were retailed through her boutique and through London department stores such as Dickins & Jones. Another of Rayner's designs, a pale pink strapless dress, is included in the Victoria and Albert Museum's fashion collection, and was featured on the poster for their major Wedding Dress exhibition in 2014.

Tom Gilbey (designer)
Tom Gilbey (19 May 1938 – 24 May 2017) was a British fashion designer associated with Savile Row tailoring of the 1960s. His designs have featured in the Fashion Museum, Bath, and are in the collections of the Victoria & Albert Museum and the Museum of London.
Tom Shively
Tom Shively (born November 11, 1946) is a Democratic member of the Missouri House of Representatives. He represents the 8th District, encompassing  all or portions of Linn, Macon, Shelby and Sullivan counties. Due to Missouri House redistricting Shively ran for the newly created Missouri House 5th district in November, 2012. He lost to Republican Lindell Shumake, who until redistricting had represented the Missouri House 6th district. Shively will continue to represent the 8th district until January, 2013.

Lindell Shumake
Lindell Shumake (born December 24, 1949) is a Republican former member of the Missouri House of Representatives. Shumake first represented the 6th District, encompassing all or portions of Marion and Ralls counties in northeast Missouri. In November 2012, he was elected to serve the newly designated 5th Missouri House district.
Vat Phou
Vat Phou (or Vat Phu; Lao: ວັດພູ [wāt pʰúː] temple-mountain) is a ruined Khmer-Hindu temple complex in southern Laos and one of the oldest places of worship in Southeast Asia. It is at the base of mount Phou Khao, some 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the Mekong in Champasak province.

There was a sanctuary on the site, centred on a sacred spring and an offering place for a mighty tutelary sprit dating back to pre-historic times. The first megalithic stone structures had been built probably as early as the second century BCE, consisting of two stone cells, a carving of a crocodile, serpent stairs, and several offering platforms. One of the first pre-Angkor brick buildings onsite was erected in the early 7th century and became the focus of all consequent building activities. Most of the other surviving buildings date from the Angkor period, in the 11th—13th centuries.

Global Heritage Fund
Global Heritage Fund is a non-profit organization that operates internationally. 
Founded in California in 2002, its mission is to "transform local communities by investing in global heritage."

To date, it has partnered with over 100 public and private organizations at 28 sites across 19 countries, investing over $30 million and securing $25 million in co-funding to carry out heritage preservation and socio-economic development.
East York Historic District
East York Historic District is a national historic district located at Springettsbury Township in York County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 262 contributing buildings in the residential community of East York. The community was laid out in 1903, but the houses primarily built in the 1930s and 1940s.  The community includes notable examples of Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and Prairie School style dwellings.  The district also includes the former school (1912), a three-story Art Deco-style apartment building (1936), and Advent Church.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Springettsbury Township, Pennsylvania
Springettsbury Township is a township in York County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 27,032 at the 2010 census. The township takes its name from Springett Penn, grandson of Pennsylvania founder William Penn. Located east and northeast of the city of York, the township hosts the York Galleria shopping mall and a large Harley-Davidson manufacturing plant.
Colorado Eagles
The Colorado Eagles are a professional ice hockey team based in Loveland, Colorado. The Eagles play in the Pacific Division of the American Hockey League.

The Eagles were founded as an expansion franchise in 2003 in the Central Hockey League and remained in the league until June 2011, when they joined the ECHL. During their time in the CHL, the Eagles won two Ray Miron President's Cups, three regular season titles, five conference titles and six division titles in eight seasons. The team was granted a membership as an expansion team in the American Hockey League beginning with the 2018–19 season as the affiliate of the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League.

The Eagles play at the Blue Arena in Loveland and serve the Fort Collins – Loveland Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2018 Kelly Cup playoffs
The 2018 Kelly Cup playoffs of the ECHL began in April 2018 following the conclusion of the 2017–18 ECHL regular season. The Kelly Cup was won by the Colorado Eagles, in their last season in the ECHL before joining the American Hockey League, in seven games over the regular season champions, the Florida Everblades.
Rincon Valley (New Mexico)
Rincon Valley is a valley through which the Rio Grande flows in New Mexico. Rincon Valley heads at 33°02′54″N 107°16′41″W﻿ / ﻿33.04833°N 107.27806°W﻿ / 33.04833; -107.27806 at an elevation of 4,195 feet in a narrow gap between the Caballo Mountains on the east and bluffs on the west bank of the Rio Grande south of where Red Canyon meets the river, in Sierra County, New Mexico.  Its mouth is at an elevation of 3,973 feet (1,211 meters) where it emerges from a narrow canyon between the Selden Hills on the northeast bank of the river and Robledo Mountains on the southwest bank, into the Mesilla Valley at Radium Springs in Doña Ana County, New Mexico.

Selden Hills
Selden Hills are a range of hills in Doña Ana County, New Mexico. They lie just over a mile northwest of Radium Springs east of the Rio Grande at the lower end of Rincon Valley. They are named for Fort Selden that was located nearby to the southeast.
Anna Ritchie (archaeologist)
Anna Ritchie (née Bachelier, born 28 September 1943) Hon FSA Scot OBE is a British archaeologist and historian. She is known for her work at archaeological sites in Orkney, and has written a number of guidebooks for the HMSO and Historic Environment Scotland about Scottish history and historical sites. She was the first female president of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland from 1990-1993 and an Honorary Fellow of the Society

Buckquoy spindle-whorl
The Buckquoy spindle-whorl is an Ogham-inscribed spindle-whorl dating from the Early Middle Ages which was found by Anna Ritchie in 1970 in Buckquoy, Birsay, Orkney, Scotland. It is the only known spindle-whorl with an Ogham inscription.
1982 NHL entry draft
The 1982 NHL entry draft was the 20th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Montreal Forum in Montreal, Quebec. The National Hockey League (NHL) teams selected 252 players eligible for entry into professional ranks, in the reverse order of the 1981–82 NHL season and playoff standings. This is the list of those players selected.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Dave Andreychuk, who retired after the 2005–06 season.

1983 NHL entry draft
The 1983 NHL entry draft was the 21st NHL entry draft. It was held at the Montreal Forum in Montreal, Quebec, on June 8, 1983. The NHL entry draft is the primary means by which players arrive in the National Hockey League. The St. Louis Blues did not participate in this draft, shortly after the league blocked the franchise's relocation to Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. This was the only time in National Hockey League history that a franchise did not participate in an entry draft. This was also the last time a playoff team picked first overall until 2020, when the New York Rangers won the first selection.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Claude Lemieux, who retired after the 2008–09 season.
Aert Pietersz
Aert Pietersz (1550–1612) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

Pietersz was born and died in Amsterdam.  According to Karel van Mander, he was the second son of Pieter Aertsen, the younger brother of Pieter Pietersz the Elder, and the older brother of Dirck Pietersz. He was a good painter of historical allegories.

According to the RKD several portraits survive in Amsterdam, where he was buried the 12th of June, 1612, in the Oude Kerk.

Pieter Aertsen
Pieter Aertsen (1508, Amsterdam – 2 June 1575, Amsterdam), called Lange Piet ("Tall Pete") because of his height, was a Dutch painter in the style of Northern Mannerism.  He is credited with the invention of the monumental genre scene, which combines still life and genre painting and often also includes a biblical scene in the background. He was active in his native city Amsterdam but also worked for a long period in Antwerp, then the centre of artistic life in the Netherlands.

His genre scenes were influential on later Flemish Baroque painting, Dutch still life painting and also in Italy. His peasant scenes preceded by a few years the much better-known paintings produced in Antwerp by Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
Settala
Settala (Lombard: Settara [seˈtaːra]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,460 and an area of 17.5 square kilometres (6.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Settala contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Premenugo and Caleppio.

Settala borders the following municipalities: Vignate, Rodano, Liscate, Comazzo, Merlino, Pantigliate, Paullo, Mediglia.

Vignate
Vignate (Lombard: Vignaa [ʋiˈɲaː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Milan.

Vignate borders the following municipalities: Cernusco sul Naviglio, Cassina de' Pecchi, Melzo, Rodano, Liscate, and Settala.

It is served by Vignate railway station.
FastPictureViewer
FastPictureViewer is a freemium image viewer for Windows XP and later. Its aim is to facilitate quick review, rating and annotation of large quantities of digital images in the early steps of the digital workflow, with an emphasis on simplicity and speed. As an app with a freemium license, a basic version is available cost-free for personal, non-profit or educational uses, while a commercial license is required for the professional version with additional features. The basic version starts as a full version trial.

Extensible Metadata Platform
The Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) is an ISO standard, originally created by Adobe Systems Inc., for the creation, processing and interchange of standardized and custom metadata for digital documents and data sets.

XMP standardizes a data model, a serialization format and core properties for the definition and processing of extensible metadata. It also provides guidelines for embedding XMP information into popular image, video and document file formats, such as JPEG and PDF, without breaking their readability by applications that do not support XMP. Therefore, the non-XMP metadata have to be reconciled with the XMP properties. Although metadata can alternatively be stored in a sidecar file, embedding metadata avoids problems that occur when metadata is stored separately.

The XMP data model, serialization format and core properties is published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 16684-1:2012 standard.
Grechetto
Grechetto (Italian pronunciation: [ɡreˈketto]) or Grechetto bianco is a white Italian wine grape variety of Greek origins. The grape is planted throughout central Italy, particularly in the Umbria region where it is used in the Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) wine Orvieto and  Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) wine Valdichiana Toscana. It is primarily a blending grape, though some varietal wine is also produced. Grechetto is commonly blended with Chardonnay, Malvasia, Trebbiano and Verdello. The grape's thick skin provides good resistance to downy mildew which  can attack the grape late in the harvest season. This makes Grechetto a suitable blending grape in the production of Vin Santo.

Verdello (grape)
Verdello is a white Italian wine grape variety that is grown mostly in the Umbria region of central Italy where it plays a minor role as a blending grape in several Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC) wines, including Orvieto. Despite similarities in their names, the Italian Verdello grape has no close genetic relationship with the Portuguese wine grape Verdelho that is grown on the islands of Madeira and Azores. However, like the Portuguese grape, Verdello's name likely comes from the dark green color of its berries before veraison.
Omni Parker House
The Omni Parker House is a historic hotel in Boston, Massachusetts, founded in 1855. The current hotel structure dates to 1927. Located at the corner of School Street and Tremont, not far from the seat of the Massachusetts state government, the hotel has long been a rendezvous for politicians. The Omni Parker House is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Parker House roll
A Parker House roll is a bread roll made by flattening the center of a ball of dough with a rolling pin so that it becomes an oval shape, and then folding the oval in half. They are made with milk and are generally quite buttery, soft, and slightly sweet with a crispy shell.

They were invented at the Parker House Hotel in Boston, during the 1870s.
The story of their creation has several variations, but they all involve an angry pastry cook throwing unfinished rolls into the oven, which results in their dented appearance. The recipe for Parker House rolls first started appearing in cookbooks in the 1880s. Fannie Farmer gives a recipe for them in her 1896 The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book.
Moth World Championship
The Moth World Championship is an annual international sailing regatta for Moth (dinghy) they are organized by the host club on behalf of the International Moth Class Association and recognized by World Sailing, the sports IOC recognized governing body. The class obtained its world sailing status during 1972 holding its first recognized World Championship in 1973.

Moth (dinghy)
The Moth is a small development class of sailing dinghy. Originally a small, fast home-built sailing boat designed to plane, since 2000 it has become an expensive and largely commercially produced boat designed to hydroplane on foils though many are still built at home, typically at much lower cost.

The pre-hydrofoil design Moths are still sailed and raced, but are far slower than their foiled counterparts.
Scottish Premier League
The Scottish Premier League (SPL) was the top-level league competition for professional football clubs in Scotland. The league was founded in 1998, when it broke away from the Scottish Football League (SFL). It was abolished in 2013, when the SPL and SFL merged to form the new Scottish Professional Football League, with its top division being known as the Scottish Premiership. A total of 19 clubs  competed in the SPL, but only the Old Firm clubs of Glasgow—Celtic and Rangers— won the league championship.

2000–01 Scottish Premier League
The 2000–01 Scottish Premier League (known as the 2000–01 Bank of Scotland Premier League for sponsorship reasons) was the third season of the Scottish Premier League, the top level of football in Scotland. It began on 29 July 2000 and concluded on 20 May 2001.

Rangers were the defending champions.

Celtic finished the season as league champions by a 15-point margin over Rangers, also winning both of the domestic cups to complete a domestic treble, in their first season under the management of Martin O'Neill.
Boulder, Colorado
Boulder is a home rule city that is the county seat of, and the most populous municipality in, Boulder County, Colorado, United States. With a population of 108,250 at the 2020 census, it is the 12th-most populous city in Colorado. Boulder is the primary city of the Boulder, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had 330,758 residents in 2020, and is part of the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Boulder is located at the base of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, at an elevation of 5,430 feet (1,655 m) above sea level. The city is 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the Colorado state capital of Denver. Boulder is a college town, hosting the University of Colorado Boulder, the flagship and largest campus of the University of Colorado system, as well as numerous research institutes. Starting in 2027, Boulder will become the new home of the Sundance Film Festival.

Pike's Peak gold rush
The Pike's Peak gold rush (later known as the Colorado gold rush) was the boom in gold prospecting and mining in the Pike's Peak Country of western Kansas Territory and southwestern Nebraska Territory of the United States that began in July 1858 and lasted until roughly the creation of the Colorado Territory on February 28, 1861. An estimated 100,000 gold seekers took part. The dramatic but temporary influx of migrants and immigrants came to the Southern Rocky Mountains. The prospectors provided the first major White American population in the region.

The rush, centered 85 miles (137 km) north of Pikes Peak, created a few towns such as Denver City and Boulder City that later developed into cities. Scores of other mining camps have faded into ghost towns, but Central City, Black Hawk, Georgetown, and Idaho Springs remained.
Concio
The Concio (from the Latin contio, "assembly"), in the Republic of Venice, was the general assembly of freemen (citizens and patricians) from which the Doge was elected. It existed between the years 742 and 1423, although it was mostly ceremonial after the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio passed power into the hands of the aristocratic class.

Serrata del Maggior Consiglio
The Great Council Lockout (Italian: Serrata del Maggior Consiglio) refers to the constitutional process, started with the 1297 Ordinance, by means of which membership of the Great Council of Venice became hereditary. Since it was the Great Council that had the right to elect the Doge, the 1297 Ordinance marked a relevant change in the constitution of the Republic. This resulted in the exclusion of minor aristocrats and plebeians from participating in the government of the Republic. Although formerly provisional, the Ordinance later became a permanent Act, and since that time it was disregarded only at times of political or financial crisis (e.g. after the war against the League of Cambrai).
BC Sakalai
BC Sakalai was a professional basketball club based in Vilnius, Lithuania, playing in the Lithuanian Basketball League and the Baltic Basketball League. They played their home games at the 1,000-seat Ekinstos laisvalaikio centras.

Sakalai means falcons in the Lithuanian language.

BC Šiauliai
BC Šiauliai (Lithuanian: Krepšinio klubas Šiauliai) is the professional basketball club of Šiauliai, Lithuania. The club competes in the Lithuanian Basketball League. It has won the 3rd place award (behind Lithuanian basketball giants Lietuvos Rytas and Žalgiris) in the LKL a record 9 times.
2014 United States Senate election in Iowa
The 2014 United States Senate election in Iowa was held on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Democratic Senator Tom Harkin did not run for reelection to a sixth term in office.

U.S. Representative Bruce Braley was unopposed for the Democratic nomination; the Republicans nominated State Senator Joni Ernst in a June 3 primary election. Douglas Butzier, who was the Libertarian nominee, died on October 14 in a single engine plane crash near Key West, Iowa. He was the pilot and the only person aboard the plane. He still appeared on the ballot, alongside Independents Bob Quast, Ruth Smith and Rick Stewart. Ernst defeated Braley in the general election. This was the first open Senate seat in Iowa since 1974. Ernst was the first Republican to win this seat since Roger Jepsen in 1978. Joni Ernst's inauguration marked the first time since 1985 where Republicans held both United States Senate seats from Iowa.

1978 United States Senate election in Iowa
The 1978 United States Senate election in Iowa took place on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic Senator Dick Clark ran for re-election to a second term but was defeated by Republican former Lieutenant Governor Roger Jepsen. This was the last time until 2014 that a Republican would win Iowa's Class II Senate seat.
International Society for the Systems Sciences
The International Society for the Systems Sciences (ISSS) is a worldwide organization for systems sciences. The overall purpose of the ISSS is:

to promote the development of conceptual frameworks based on general system theory, as well as their implementation in practice. It further seeks to encourage research and facilitate communication between and among scientists and professionals from various disciplines and professions at local, regional, national, and international levels.

Conceived in 1954 as the Society for the Advancement of General Systems Theory, and started in 1955/56, the Society for General Systems Research became the first interdisciplinary and international co-operation in the field of systems theory and systems science. In 1988 it was renamed the International Society for the Systems Sciences.

General Systems
General Systems: Yearbook of the Society for General Systems Research, known as General Systems, is the first annual journal in the field of systems science initiated in 1956, and initially edited by Ludwig von Bertalanffy and Anatol Rapoport.

Since 1998, it has been published as issue 5 of Systems Research and Behavioral Science.
Braemar, New South Wales
Braemar (/ˈbreɪmɑːr/) is a northern village of the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia in Wingecarribee Shire. It is located two km north-east of Mittagong and is often considered to include the hamlet villages of Balaclava and Willow Vale.

Mittagong
Mittagong (/mɪtəɡɒŋ/, mit-ə-GONG) is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town acts as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. Mittagong is situated at an elevation of 635 metres (2,083 ft). The town is close to Bowral, Berrima, Moss Vale and the Northern Villages such as Yerrinbool and Colo Vale. Moreover, Mittagong is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region.