hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guiscarda, Viscountess of Béarn
Guiscarda (or Guiscarde) (died 1154) was the ruling Viscountess of Béarn in 1134, and acted as regent during the minority of her son in 1134–1147, as well as for her grandson in 1153–1154.

She was the eldest child of Gaston IV of Béarn and Talesa of Aragon.

She later succeeded her younger brother Centule VI as viscountess in 1134, but left the post to her son. As her son was a minor, however, she nevertheless acted as regent until 1147.

Guiscarda first married Peter II of Gabarret, who died before she succeeded to Béarn. Her son by him, Peter II, also succeeded in 1134. Guiscarda's mother acted as primary regent, Guiscarda only secondarily. In 1147, Peter attained his majority and Guiscarda retired from her functions in government.

When Peter died in 1153, Guiscarda assumed the regency for his son Gaston V, until her own death the next year.

Gaston V, Viscount of Béarn
Gaston V (died 1170, before 30 April) was the Viscount of Béarn, Gabardan, and Brulhois from 1153 to his death.

He was the son of Peter II and a Matelle de Baux. When his father died in 1153, he inherited his title under the regency of his grandmother Guiscarda. When Guiscarda died in 1154, the Bearnese assembly put him under the tutelage of Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona and did homage to the Catalan at Canfranc. Up until this point, Béarn had been de facto independent. It had long ceased to recognize the suzerainty of the Duchy of Aquitaine and had interacted with the King of Aragon as an equal. With this act, however, it passed into the vassalage of the Aragonese Empire.

After attaining his majority, Gaston married Sancha, daughter of García Ramírez of Navarre, in 1165. However, the couple had no children and he eventually retired to a monastery of the Hospitallers and there he died, leaving Béarn to his sister who became Mary, Viscount of Béarn.
John Lucaites
John Louis Lucaites (born 1952) is an American academic. He is a provost professor emeritus of rhetoric and public culture at Indiana University. In 2012, Lucaites was appointed as associate dean for arts and humanities and undergraduate education at Indiana University. His research concerns the general relationship between rhetoric and social theory, and seeks to contribute in particular to the critique and reconstruction of liberalism in contemporary social, political, and cultural practices in the United States.

Robert Hariman
Robert Hariman (born June 17, 1951) is an American scholar of rhetoric and public culture. He received his BA from Macalester College in 1973, and received his MA in 1975 and PhD in 1979 from the University of Minnesota. He was a member of the faculty at Drake University from 1979 to 2004, and since then has been a professor in the Department of Communication Studies at Northwestern University. He also served as department chair at both institutions.
Alhambra High School (Alhambra, California)
Alhambra High School (AHS) is a public high school in Alhambra, California established in 1898. It is a part of the Alhambra Unified School District.

The school is located on Second Street, across the street from City Hall and the Police Department, bounded by Second Street, Commonwealth Avenue, Fifth Street, and Main Street. The campus is divided into three parts, by Third and Fourth Streets.

Alhambra High School has been accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges—for the first time in 1965 and most recently in 2024, for a fixed term after each evaluation.

Alhambra Unified School District
The Alhambra Unified School District is a school district based in Alhambra, California.

For grades K-12 AUSD serves the city of Alhambra and most of the city of Monterey Park. For grades 9-12 only it includes additional parts of Monterey Park and parts of the cities of San Gabriel and Rosemead as well as a section of South San Gabriel. District headquarters is located at 1515 W. Mission Road, Alhambra, California 91803.
Reuben Burrow
Reuben Burrow (30 December 1747 – 7 June 1792) was an English mathematician, surveyor and orientalist. Initially a teacher, he was appointed assistant to Sir Nevil Maskelyne, the fifth Astronomer Royal, at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, and was involved in the Schiehallion experiment. He later conducted research in India, teaching himself Sanskrit and becoming one of the first members of the Asiatic Society. He was the first to measure the length of a degree of an arc of longitude along the Tropic of Cancer. His other major achievements included a study of Indian mathematics, although he earned a reputation for being rude and unpolished amid the leading figures in science who came mostly from the upper-class. One commentator called him "an able mathematician but a most vulgar and scurrilous dog."

Tafazzul Husain Kashmiri
Tafazzul Husain Khan Kashmiri (1727–1801) (Urdu: علامہ تفضل حسین کشمیری), also known as Khan-e-Allama, was a Twelver Shia scholar, physicist, and philosopher. He produced an Arabic translation of Sir Isaac Newton's Principia.
Revolutionary Workers' Party (Trotskyist–Posadist)
The Revolutionary Workers' Party Trotskyist–Posadist (Spanish: Partido Obrero Revolucionario Trotskista Posadista, POR-TP) was a small Trotskyist political party in Bolivia formed in 1963.  It was established by a dissident group which broke away from the Revolutionary Workers' Party of Bolivia.
It was led by workers' leader Carlos Flores Bedregal.

In 1978 and 1979, the POR-TP took part in an electoral coalition, the Democratic and Popular Union, backing Hernán Siles Zuazo.

For the 1980 elections, the POR-TP was the component of the Democratic Revolutionary Front-New Alternative, with the OID's leader Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas as the coalition's presidential candidate.

In 1985, it took part in an electoral coalition, the United Left, backing Isaac Sandóval Rodríguez.

Democratic Revolutionary Front – New Alternative
The Democratic Revolutionary Front – New Alternative (Spanish: Frente Democrático Revolucionario – Nueva Alternativa, FDR-NA) was a right-centrist electoral political alliance in Bolivia.

The FDR-NA was formed in Spring 1980 by:

Christian Democratic Party, PDC;

Alliance of the National Left, ALIN;

Socialist Party-Guillermo Aponte Burela, PS-Aponte;

Offensive of the Democratic Left, OID;

Revolutionary Workers Party Trotskyist-Posadist, POR-TP.

In the 1980 general elections the FDR-NA presented as its presidential candidate Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas (OID) and Benjamín Miguel Harb (PDC) as vice-presidential candidate.
Claybank Log Church
Claybank Log Church is a historic church in Ozark, Alabama, United States.  The building is the second church on the site, replacing a similar structure built in 1829.  The current building was constructed by a Methodist minister, although the church was also used for various community functions.  It is believed to be the oldest extant building in Dale County.  In 1873, the congregation built a new church closer to the center of town.  The log church was used only sporadically after 1900, and was purchased by the Claybank Memorial Association in the 1960s.  The interior of the church was restored to its original appearance in 1980.

The church consists of one large room, measuring 30 feet, 5 inches, by 25 feet, 3 inches (approximately 9 by 7.5 meters).  The walls are formed by pine logs ranging in diameter from 12 to 15.5 inches (30 to 40 cm) joined at the corners by dovetail joints.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places November 7, 1976.

Ozark, Alabama
Ozark is a city in and the county seat of Dale County, Alabama. As of the 2020 census, Ozark had a population of 14,368.

Ozark is the principal city of the Ozark Micropolitan Statistical Area, as well as a part of the Dothan-Ozark Combined Statistical Area. Ozark was originally a part of Enterprise–Ozark micropolitan area before being split, and for a longer while was part of the Dothan-Enterprise-Ozark combined statistical area but Enterprise later became its own separate primary statistical area in later censuses. Fort Rucker, the primary flight training base for Army Aviation, abuts Ozark.
Downeaster (train)
The Downeaster is a 145-mile (233 km) passenger train service operated by Amtrak and managed by the Northern New England Passenger Rail Authority (NNEPRA), an agency of the state of Maine. Named for the Down East region of Maine, the train operates five daily round trips between North Station in Boston, Massachusetts, and Brunswick, Maine, with ten intermediate stops.

In fiscal 2024, the Downeaster carried 598,426 passengers, up 27.0% from the previous year. It earned ticket revenue of 13,051,548, up from 10,420,681, for a farebox recovery ratio of 50%.

Boston and Maine Railroad
The Boston and Maine Railroad (reporting mark BM; commonly known as Boston & Maine, abbreviated B&M) was a U.S. Class I railroad in northern New England. It was chartered in 1835, and became part of what was the Pan Am Railways network in 1983, most of which was purchased by CSX in 2022.

At the end of 1970, B&M operated 1,515 route-miles (2,438 km) on 2,481 miles (3,993 km) of track, not including Springfield Terminal. That year, it reported 2,774 million ton-miles (4,464 million kilometres) of revenue freight and 92 million passenger-miles (148 million kilometres).
Lembeck Castle
Lembeck Castle, located in the urban area of Dorsten on the border of the northern Ruhr region and the southern Münsterland, is a moated castle. It is located in the Hohe Mark Nature Park and surrounded by the "Hagen" and "Kippheide" forests to the south of the Dorsten district of Lembeck in the northwest of the Recklinghausen region.

The name "Lembeck" for the castle is derived from Low German. The root word "beke" signifies "flowing water" or "brook". The determiner indicates “slimy” and is related to "loam" and "glue" linguistically. Consequently, Lembeck can be translated as Lehmbach, indicating its previous location in a swamp and bog region.

Dorsten
Dorsten (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʁstn̩] ⓘ; Westphalian: Dössen) is a town in the Recklinghausen district of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Dorsten has a population of about 75,000.

Dorsten is situated on the western rim of Westphalia bordering the Rhineland. Its historical old town lies on the south bank of the river Lippe and the Wesel–Datteln Canal and was granted city rights in 1251. During the twentieth century, the town was enlarged in its north by the villages of the former Herrlichkeit Lembeck. While Dorsten's northern districts are thus shaped by the  rural Münsterland with its many historical castles, just south of the town the Ruhr region begins, Germany's largest urban agglomeration with more than seven million inhabitants.

The exact linguistic derivation of the word "Dorsten" is unknown, leaving the meaning of the town's name unclear.
Linkin Park and Friends: Celebrate Life in Honor of Chester Bennington
Linkin Park and Friends: Celebrate Life in Honor of Chester Bennington was a tribute concert by the American rock band Linkin Park, held on October 27, 2017, at the Hollywood Bowl in order to honor their frontman Chester Bennington who died by suicide on July 20, 2017. It was Linkin Park's only live performance following Bennington's death until the band's reformation in 2024, and also their final concert to include drummer and band co-founder Rob Bourdon, who did not rejoin the band following its hiatus. The concert featured various artists, including Blink-182 and members of System of a Down, Korn, Avenged Sevenfold, Machine Gun Kelly, Sum 41, Bring Me the Horizon, Civil Twilight, A Day to Remember, Yellowcard, and Kiiara.

Oli Sykes
Oliver Scott Sykes, known professionally as Oli Sykes (born 20 November 1986) is an English musician, and the lead vocalist and primary lyricist of the rock band Bring Me the Horizon. He founded apparel company Drop Dead Clothing and opened a vegan dinnery in Sheffield.
Thierrens
Thierrens is a former municipality in the district Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.

Chanéaz
Chanéaz is a former municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.
George Smith (MP for Exeter)
Sir George Smith (died 21 March 1619) of Madworthy-juxta-Exeter and Madford House, Exeter, Devon, was a merchant who served as MP for Exeter in 1604, was three times Mayor of Exeter and was Exeter's richest citizen, possessing 25 manors. He was the grandfather of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle (1608–1670) KG and of John Grenville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701).

Mayor of Exeter
The Mayor of Exeter, granted Lord Mayor of Exeter in 2002, is the Mayor of Exeter in the ceremonial county of Devon, England and is elected by and from within the councillors of the City of Exeter council. The position is the third oldest mayoralty in the United Kingdom, behind the Lord Mayor of London and Mayor of Winchester, being founded in 1200.

In modern times, the role of the Lord Mayor is to "represent, support, and promote the businesses and people of Exeter" and the incumbent officer is expected to be non-political during their period of service.
Ruby, Wisconsin
The Town of Ruby is located in northeastern Chippewa County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 494 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Arnold and Ruby are located in the town.

Chippewa County, Wisconsin
Chippewa County (/ˈtʃɪpəwɔː/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is named for the historic Chippewa people, also known as the Ojibwe, who long controlled this territory. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,297. Its county seat is Chippewa Falls. The county was founded in 1845 from Crawford County, then in the Wisconsin Territory, and organized in 1853. Chippewa County is included in the Eau Claire metropolitan area as well as the Eau Claire-Menomonie Combined Statistical Area.
Arthelais
Arthelais (Italian: Sant' Artellaide) (544–560) is venerated as a Christian saint. She is one of the patron saints of Benevento, with Barbatus of Benevento and Bartholomew being the others. Her feast day is 3 March.

Barbatus of Benevento
Barbatus of Benevento (Italian: San Barbato) (c. 610 – February 19, 682), also known as Barbas, was a bishop of Benevento from 663 to 682.  He succeeded Ildebrand in this capacity.  He assisted in a church council called by Pope Agatho in Rome in 680 and in 681 attended the Third Council of Constantinople against the Monothelites.
Mario Magnozzi
Mario Magnozzi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmaːrjo maɲˈɲɔttsi]; 20 March 1902 – 25 June 1971) was an Italian footballer who played as a forward. He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics with the Italy national team.

1927–1930 Central European International Cup
The 1927–30 Central European International Cup was the first edition of the football Central European International Cup and was held between September 18, 1927, and May 11, 1930. The tournament's structure included a round-robin competition for the five teams involved. As the winner was to receive a Bohemian crystal cup offered by Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia Antonín Švehla, the tournament became known as the Antonín Švehla Cup.
Republic of Vietnam Judiciary Police
The Judiciary Police (Vietnamese: Cảnh Sát Tư Pháp – CSTP) or ‘Police Judiciaire’ in French, was the plainclothes Criminal Investigation Department (CID) or Detective branch of the Republic of Vietnam National Police (Vietnamese: Cảnh Sát Quốc Gia – CSQG) from 1962 to 1975.

Republic of Vietnam National Police
The Republic of Vietnam National Police – RVNP (Vietnamese: Cảnh sát Quốc gia Việt Nam Cộng hòa), Police Nationale de la République du Vietnam or Police Nationale for short (Vietnamese: Cảnh sát Quốc gia – CSQG) in French, was the official South Vietnamese national police force from 1962 to 1975, operating closely with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) during the Vietnam War.
West Lafayette, Indiana
West Lafayette (/ˌlɑːfiˈɛt, ˌlæf-/ LA(H)F-ee-ET) is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States. The population was 44,595 at the 2020 census. West Lafayette sits across the Wabash River from its sister city, Lafayette, and is a college town, home to Purdue University. It is the most densely populated city in Indiana, located 65 miles (105 km) northwest of Indianapolis and 113 miles (182 km) southeast of Chicago.

Happy Hollow Heights Historic District
Happy Hollow Heights Historic District is a national historic district located in West Lafayette, Indiana.  The district encompasses 54 contributing buildings in a predominantly planned residential section of Lafayette, platted in 1953 and expanded in 1958.  It developed between about 1953 and 1967 and includes representative examples of Ranch, Modern, and Split-level style architecture.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
Washington Headquarters Services
Washington Headquarters Services (WHS) is a United States Department of Defense (DoD) Field Activity, created in 1977, to provide administrative and management support to multiple DoD components and military departments in the National Capital Region and beyond.

WHS currently has approximately 1,200 civilian and military employees and 2,000 contract employees, performing a wide range of essential administrative and management services in support of DoD operations, allowing WHS customer agencies and offices to focus exclusively on their core military missions.

Mark Center Building
The Mark Center Building is a United States military installation and office building in Alexandria, Virginia. It is operated by the Washington Headquarters Services (WHS) of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and provides office space for several other DoD agencies. The name of the site refers to the "Mark Center" property development, which is located at the intersection of Seminary Road and Beauregard Street at the Interstate 395 interchange.

Sixteen acres of the site were sold to the federal government and are administratively considered part of Fort Belvoir. It is the tallest building constructed by the Army Corps of Engineers.
Great Central Railway (heritage railway)
The Great Central Railway (GCR) is a heritage railway in Leicestershire, England, named after the company that originally built this stretch of railway. It runs for 8 miles (13 km) between the town of Loughborough and a new terminus in the north of Leicester. It has period signalling, locomotives and rolling stock.

Four stations are in operation, each restored to a period in the railway's commercial history: Loughborough Central (the 1950s); Quorn & Woodhouse (Second World War and the remainder of the 1940s); Rothley (Edwardian Era); Leicester North (the 1960s).

The railway is currently involved in a major project to rebuild the missing line, known as the Loughborough Gap, between Loughborough and the Great Central Railway (Nottingham).

BR Standard Class 5 73156
British Railways Standard Class 5 No. 73156 is a preserved British steam locomotive.  Its restoration at Loughborough on the Great Central Railway was completed in 2017, and it made its formal debut on 5 October 2017 in the guise of 73084 Tintagel. 73156 is the sole surviving BR Standard locomotive built at Doncaster Works. It had been allocated to two GCR sheds (Leicester and Woodford Halse)

Allocations:

73156 was withdrawn from Bolton on 24 October 1967, and was subsequently sold to Woodham Brothers scrapyard in South Wales, moving there in late January 1968.
James Howell
James Howell (c. 1594 – c. 1666) was a Welsh writer and historian. The son of a Welsh clergyman, he was for much of his life in the shadow of his elder brother Thomas Howell, who became Lord Bishop of Bristol.

Dodona's Grove
Dendrologia: Dodona's Grove, or the Vocal Forest was a poem by the Welsh historian James Howell, published in 1640.  The poem launched Howell's literary career. It was published in English in multiple editions and was translated into French and Latin.
Carl Laubin
Carl Laubin (born in 1947) is an American-British painter who specializes in architectural painting. He studied architecture and worked for architectural firms in London before he became a full-time painter in 1988. In the 1980s and 1990s, he made oil paintings that were used as architectural illustrations, notably for proposed buildings and redevelopments by Jeremy Dixon, Léon Krier and John Simpson.

As an independent painter, Laubin is known for his capricci in oil, depicting real and imaginary buildings. He has painted groups of buildings by individual architects composed into imaginary cities. Laubin received the Arthur Ross Prize for Fine Art in 2017 and the Henry Hope Reed Award in 2019.

David Watkin (architectural historian)
David John Watkin, FRIBA FSA (7 April 1941 – 30 August 2018) was a British architectural historian. He was an emeritus fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, and professor emeritus of History of Architecture in the Department of History of Art at the University of Cambridge. He also taught at the Prince of Wales's Institute of Architecture.

Watkin's main research interest was neoclassical architecture, particularly from the 18th century to the present day, and he published widely on that topic. He also published on general topics including A History of Western Architecture (7th ed. 2023) and English Architecture: A Concise History (2nd ed. 2001), as well as more specialised monographs on architects. He was an honorary fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects. He was vice-chairman of the Georgian Group, and was a member of the Historic Buildings Council and its successor bodies in English Heritage from 1980 to 1995.
Cyclodextrin
Cyclodextrins  are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides, consisting of a macrocyclic ring of glucose subunits joined by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Cyclodextrins are produced from starch by enzymatic conversion.  They are used in food, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, and chemical industries, as well as agriculture and environmental engineering.

Cyclodextrins are composed of 5 or more α-D-glucopyranoside units linked 1 → 4, as in amylose (a fragment of starch). Typical cyclodextrins contain a number of glucose monomers ranging from six to eight units in a ring, creating a cone shape:

α (alpha)-cyclodextrin: 6 glucose subunits

β (beta)-cyclodextrin: 7 glucose subunits

γ (gamma)-cyclodextrin: 8 glucose subunits

The largest well-characterized cyclodextrin contains 32 1,4-anhydroglucopyranoside units. Poorly-characterized mixtures, containing at least 150-membered cyclic oligosaccharides are also known.

Γ-Cyclodextrin
γ-Cyclodextrin sometimes abbreviated as γ-CD, is an octasaccharide derived from glucose. The α- (alpha), β- (beta), and γ- (gamma) cyclodextrins correspond to six, seven, and eight glucose units, respectively.
Forest Heights, Texas
Forest Heights is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in Orange County, Texas, United States. It is located immediately east of State Highway 87 in northeastern Orange County, approximately five miles north of Little Cypress and eight miles north of Orange. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 250 in 2000. Forest Heights is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Public education in the community is provided by the Little Cypress-Mauriceville Consolidated Independent School District.

Orange County, Texas
Orange County is a county located in the very southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Texas, sharing a boundary with Louisiana, within the Golden Triangle of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 84,808. The county seat is the city of Orange, and it falls within the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area.