hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Mulhouse (1674)
The Battle of Mulhouse took place on 29 December 1674 in Alsace, part of Turenne's Winter Campaign during the Franco-Dutch War. It was fought by the French army under Turenne and part of Alexander von Bournonville's Imperial army commanded by Hermann of Baden-Baden.

Following the inconclusive Battle of Entzheim on 4 October, the Imperial army took up winter quarters around Colmar. Rather than doing the same, Turenne split up his army and traveled through the Vosges Mountains before reforming it near Belfort. Taken by surprise, Bournonville sent Hermann to hold Mulhouse, where he was attacked and defeated by Turenne on 29 December. Another French victory at the Battle of Turckheim on 5 January 1675 forced the Imperials to withdraw from Alsace.

Turenne's winter campaign
Turenne's winter campaign took place during the Franco-Dutch War of 1672-78. During December 1674 and January 1675, Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, led French forces on a flank march that resulted in the defeat of an army fielded principally by the Holy Roman Empire and in that army's expulsion from Alsace.
B
B, or b, is the second letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is bee (pronounced /ˈbiː/ ⓘ), plural bees.

It represents the voiced bilabial stop in many languages, including English. In some other languages, it is used to represent other bilabial consonants.

Bet (letter)
Bet, Beth, Beh, or Vet is the second letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician bēt  𐤁, Hebrew bēt ב‎, Aramaic bēṯ 𐡁, Syriac bēṯ ܒ and Arabic bāʾ ب‎. It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪈‎, South Arabian 𐩨, and Ge'ez በ. Its sound value is the voiced bilabial stop ⟨b⟩ or the voiced labiodental fricative ⟨v⟩.

The letter's name means "house" in various Semitic languages (Arabic bayt, Akkadian bītu, bētu, Hebrew: bayīṯ, Phoenician bēt etc.; ultimately all from Proto-Semitic *bayt-), and appears to derive from an Egyptian hieroglyph of a house by acrophony.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to, among others, the Greek beta (Β, β), Latin B (B, b) and Cyrillic Be (Б, б) and Ve (В, в), and also the Armenian letter Ben (Բ, բ).
Stave bearing
A stave bearing is a simple journal bearing where a shaft rotates in a bearing housing. Rather than the usual arrangement where the fixed part of the bearing surrounds most of the circumference of the shaft in one or two pieces, a stave bearing uses a large number of axial staves to support the shaft. A large housing is made with grooves running along the shaft, these grooves being filled with strips of suitable material, originally wood.

Plain bearing
A plain bearing, or more commonly sliding contact bearing and slide bearing (in railroading sometimes called a solid bearing, journal bearing, or friction bearing), is the simplest type of bearing, comprising only a bearing surface and no rolling elements. Therefore, the part of the shaft in contact with the bearing slides over the bearing surface. The simplest example of a plain bearing is a shaft rotating in a hole. A simple linear bearing can be a pair of flat surfaces designed to allow motion; e.g., a drawer and the slides it rests on or the ways on the bed of a lathe.

Plain bearings, in general, are the least expensive type of bearing. They are also compact and lightweight, and they have a high load-carrying capacity.
Bra Boys
The Bra Boys are a gang centred on surf culture, founded and based in Maroubra, an eastern suburb of Sydney, in the 1990s. The gang has gained notoriety through violence and alleged links to organised crime, as well as some community activism. The Bra Boys achieved national and international media attention in 2007 with the release of a feature-length documentary entitled Bra Boys: Blood Is Thicker than Water, written and directed by members of the group, and narrated by Academy Award-winning actor Russell Crowe.

Koby Abberton
Koby Abberton (born 2 June 1979), an Australian former professional surfer, is a member of the Australian surf gang the Bra Boys.  He rose to local prominence in 2006, when he was found guilty of perverting the course of justice in an incident surrounding his brother Jai Abberton, who was charged but found not guilty of the 2003 murder of stand-over man Anthony 'Tony' Hines. Together with his brothers, Abberton achieved national and international attention in 2007 with the release of a feature-length documentary entitled Bra Boys: Blood is Thicker than Water, written and directed by members of the Bra Boys. In November 2008, Koby Abberton was jailed for three days by a US court after being found guilty of assaulting an off-duty police officer in a fight outside a nightclub in Honolulu, Hawaii.
In 2021, Koby appeared on the TV show SAS Australia.
Baissomantis
Baissomantis is an extinct genus of mantises in the family Baissomantidae. There are two described species of Baissomantis both of which are known from the Early Cretaceous Zaza Formation of Buryatia, Russia.

Baissomantidae
Baissomantidae is an extinct family of primitive mantises known from the Cretaceous period. There are two known genera, Baissomantis, known from the Early Cretaceous Zaza Formation of Buryatia, Russia, and Labradormantis from the mid Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Redmond Formation of Labrador, Canada. They are amongst the most primitive mantises known, only more advanced than Santanmantis.
Rose McClendon
Rose McClendon (August 27, 1884 – July 12, 1936) was a leading African-American Broadway actress of the 1920s. A founder of the Negro People's Theatre, she guided the creation of the Federal Theatre Project's African American theatre units nationwide and briefly co-directed the New York Negro Theater Unit.

Voodoo Macbeth
The Voodoo Macbeth is a common nickname for the Federal Theatre Project's 1936 New York production of William Shakespeare's Macbeth. Orson Welles adapted and directed the production, moved the play's setting from Scotland to a fictional Caribbean island, recruited an entirely Black cast, and earned the nickname for his production from the Haitian vodou that fulfilled the role of Scottish witchcraft.: 86  A box office sensation, the production is regarded as a landmark theatrical event for several reasons: its innovative interpretation of the play, its success in promoting African-American theatre, and its role in securing the reputation of its 20-year-old director.
Two and a Half Deaths
"Two and a Half Deaths" is the sixteenth episode of the eighth season of the American crime drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, which is set in Las Vegas. The 181st episode of the series overall, it originally aired on May 8, 2008 on CBS. It was written by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn in a crossover between CSI and Two and a Half Men. The character of Annabelle is based on Roseanne Barr, who Lorre believed behaved poorly while he was running her eponymous blockbuster TV show; the title font for the show-within-a-show "Annabelle" is even identical to the one used for Roseanne. Lorre was the original producer for that show until he was pushed out.

Fish in a Drawer
"Fish in a Drawer" is the seventeenth episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom Two and a Half Men and the 113th episode overall. The episode was written by Evan Dunsky, Sarah Goldfinger, Carol Mendelsohn and Naren Shankar, the writers of CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, who swapped shows with the writing staff of Two and a Half Men.

The episode revolves around Teddy Leopold (Robert Wagner), who is found dead on Charlie (Charlie Sheen)'s bed during his mother's wedding reception. A crime scene investigation crew searches Charlie's house, trying to find out who murdered Teddy. "Fish in a Drawer" aired May 5, 2008, on CBS, and was watched by approximately 13 million viewers, making it the night's third most watched show, behind CSI: Miami and Dancing with the Stars.
San Francisco Municipal Railway
The San Francisco Municipal Railway (SF Muni or Muni /ˈmjuːni/ MEW-nee) is the primary public transit system within San Francisco, California. It operates a system of bus routes (including trolleybuses), the Muni Metro light rail system, three historic cable car lines, and two historic streetcar lines. Previously an independent agency, the San Francisco Municipal Railway merged with two other agencies in 1999 to become the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency (SFMTA). In 2018, Muni served 46.7 square miles (121 km2) with an operating budget of about $1.2 billion. Muni is the seventh highest-ridership transit system in the United States, with 145,641,700 rides in 2024, and the second highest in California after the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

Sunset Tunnel
The Sunset Tunnel, originally known as the Duboce Tunnel, is a 4,232 ft (1,290 m)-long light rail/streetcar tunnel in San Francisco, California. The tunnel runs under the steep hill adjacent to Buena Vista Park and is used exclusively by the N Judah Muni Metro line.

The eastern entrance is located at Duboce and Noe streets on the south side of Duboce Park in the Duboce Triangle neighborhood, and the western portal is located in Richard Gamble Memorial Park near the intersection of Carl and Cole streets in the Cole Valley neighborhood.
Hluhluwe–Imfolozi Park
Hluhluwe–Imfolozi Park, formerly Hluhluwe–Umfolozi Game Reserve, is a nature reserve in central KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It consists of 960 km2 (370 sq mi) of hilly topography and is the oldest reserve in Africa. Operated by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, the park is the only state-run park in KwaZulu-Natal where each of the big five game animals occur.

Hluhluwe–Imfolozi Park has one of the largest populations of southern white rhinoceros in the world. However, this population remains severely threatened by poaching.

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (officially, the KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Board) is a governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wildlife conservation areas and biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Their headquarters is in Queen Elizabeth Park situated on the northern slopes of Pietermaritzburg, the KwaZulu-Natal provincial capital. Prior to 1994, it was known as the Natal Parks Board.
Carl von Ahlefeldt
Carl von Ahlefeldt (25 April 1670 – 7 September 1722) was a German-Danish statesman. He was a stadtholder and by birth a member of the House of Ahlefeld. He was part of the inner circle around Frederick IV until 1712 and then became Governor-general of Slesvig-Holsten.

Ahlefeldt (noble family)
The House of Ahlefeldt is an ancient German noble family with branches in Germany and across Scandinavia, most notably in Denmark, and subsequently in Sweden and Norway. It has identical coat of arms with the von Rumohr, von Bosendahl and von Rastorp German noble families, which indicates that they have descended from one House.
Duncanville Independent School District
Duncanville Independent School District is a school district based in Duncanville, Texas (USA).

Duncanville ISD serves almost all of the city of Duncanville and portions of DeSoto, Dallas, and Cedar Hill. The district is receiving a high number of Hispanics coming in, and a slightly decreasing number of African Americans. This can be due to the Hispanics moving in from areas such as Oak Cliff and South Dallas, and African Americans moving to areas such as Cedar Hill, DeSoto, and to a lesser extent, Midlothian.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Cedar Hill, Texas
Cedar Hill is a city in Dallas and Ellis counties in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located approximately 16 miles (26 km) southwest of downtown Dallas and is situated along the eastern shore of Joe Pool Lake and Cedar Hill State Park. Per the 2020 United States census, the population was 49,148. Cedar Hill is a suburb of the city of Dallas and is part of the Best Southwest area, which includes the nearby cities of DeSoto, Duncanville, and Lancaster.

Early in its history, Cedar Hill lay along a branch of the Chisholm Trail and served as the temporary county seat of Dallas County. In 1856, a tornado swept through the town, killing nine people and destroying most of its buildings. The seat of the county was moved to Dallas not long after.
Thor Hiorth Schøyen
Thor Hiorth Schøyen (May 1, 1885 – June 6, 1961) was a Norwegian entomologist.

He became the curator of the Oslo Zoological Museum in 1908. Later, in 1913, he became the government entomologist at the Norwegian Plant Protection Office (Statens plantevern), a position that he held for 42 years. Schøyen taught at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1910 to 1950. He was also a central figure in the Norwegian Entomological Society. He received the King's Medal of Merit in gold in recognition of his work.

Thor Hiorth Schøyen became interested in nature and insects at an early age, and he studied zoology at the University of Oslo. He was described as "... a quiet man, gracious and helpful, without prejudice. He had diverse interests and was a gentleman throughout his journey." He was the son of the entomologist Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen.

Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen
Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen (October 21, 1844 – May 8, 1918) was a Norwegian entomologist. He was Norway's first government entomologist and became prominent through his writings. He was the father of the government entomologist Thor Hiorth Schøyen.
El Destino Plantation
El Destino Plantation was a large forced-labor farm of 7,638 acres (30.91 km2) located in western Jefferson County and eastern Leon County, Florida, United States established by John Nuttall in 1828. It was worked by enslaved African Americans (prior to the end of the American Civil War).

Chemonie Plantation
Chemonie Plantation was a  forced-labor farm of 1,840 acres (740 ha) in northern Leon County, Florida, United States, established by Hector Braden. By 1860, 64 enslaved people worked the land, which was primarily used to produce cotton as a cash crop.
Kinver Edge
Kinver Edge is a high heath and woodland escarpment just west of Kinver, about four miles west of Stourbridge, and four miles north of Kidderminster, and is on the border between Worcestershire and Staffordshire, England.

Kinver Edge is home to the last troglodyte dwellings occupied in England, with a set of complete cave-houses excavated into the local sandstone.

It is now owned by the National Trust.

Kinver
Kinver is a large village in the District of South Staffordshire in Staffordshire, England. It is in the far south-west of the county, at the end of the narrow finger of land surrounded by the counties of Shropshire, Worcestershire and the West Midlands. The nearest towns are Stourbridge, West Midlands, Kidderminster in Worcestershire and Bridgnorth, Shropshire. The Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal passes through, running close to the course of the meandering River Stour. According to the 2011 census Kinver ward had a population of 7,225.
SITI Company
SITI Company (founded as the Saratoga International Theater Institute, or SITI) was an ensemble-based theater company based in New York City and Saratoga Springs, New York. SITI was founded in 1992 by American director Anne Bogart and Japanese director Tadashi Suzuki,  on the campus of Skidmore College to redefine and revitalize contemporary theater in the United States.

A permanent ensemble of actors and designers, SITI Company was known for their rigorous approach to training and a physical acting style. Their performances were often new interpretations of classics, or original works devised by company members and collaborators, including playwright Charles L. Mee, who became a member of the company, and dramaturg Jocelyn Clarke. These pieces were often about twentieth century artists, and they frequently collaborated with artists in other fields.

American Document
American Document is a modern dance work choreographed by Martha Graham in response to rising Fascism in 1930s Europe. The piece premiered on August 6, 1938 at the Vermont State Armory in Bennington, Vermont. The ballet features spoken word excerpts from the Declaration of Independence and Emancipation Proclamation, among other texts. The set was created by Arch Lauterer; the costumes were designed by Edythe Gilfond. The original music was written by Ray Green. Graham extensively reworked the choreography in 1989. John Corigliano's Oboe Concerto replaced Green's music for the revised version.
Culture of Malta
The culture of Malta has been influenced by various societies that have come into contact with the Maltese Islands throughout the centuries, including neighbouring Mediterranean cultures, and the cultures of the nations that ruled Malta for long periods of time prior to its independence in 1964.

Saint John's Co-Cathedral
St John's Co-Cathedral (Maltese: Kon-Katidral ta' San Ġwann) is a Catholic co-cathedral in Valletta, Malta, dedicated to Saint John the Baptist. It was built by the Order of St. John between 1573 and 1578, having been commissioned by Grand Master Jean de la Cassière as the Conventual Church of Saint John (Maltese: Knisja Konventwali ta' San Ġwann).

The church was designed by the Maltese architect Girolamo Cassar, who designed several of the more prominent buildings in Valletta. In the 17th century, its interior was redecorated in the Baroque style by Mattia Preti and other artists. The interior of the church is considered to be one of the finest examples of high Baroque architecture in Europe.
Hanhiperä
Hanhiperä is a district and a statistical area of Jyväskylä, Finland. It is a remote part of Jyväskylä with only a few houses and only 6 permanent inhabitants as of 2021.

The district of Hanhiperä borders Valkeamäki in the north, Keltinmäki in the east, Taka-Keljo in the south and Vesanka in the west. It also has a small border with the municipality of Muurame in the west. The main road of Hanhiperä and Valkeamäki is Hanhiperäntie, which leads to the road 6015 (Vesangantie), in turn connecting Hanhiperä to central Jyväskylä and the national road 18/23.

Ruoke
Ruoke is a residential area and a district of Jyväskylä, Finland. It is a settlement and a former stop by the Jyväskylä-Haapamäki railway. The distance to central Jyväskylä is approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi).

Ruoke may be seen as a separate village, though it was not a register village (an official village), instead being on the border of three historical register villages: Jyväskylä, Vesanka and Palokka. Register villages were officially abolished in 2014.
Albert Lewis (priest)
Albert John Francis Lewis (1921-2008) was a Welsh Anglican priest in the late twentieth century: he was the Archdeacon of Margam from 1981 to 1988; and Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1988 to 1991.

He was educated at the University College of South Wales and St. Michael's College, Llandaff; and ordained in 1945. After a curacy in Cardiff he was the incumbent at Pendoylan until his appointment as Archdeacon.

Archdeacon of Llandaff
The Archdeacon of Llandaff is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church in Wales Diocese of Llandaff. The archdeacon is the senior priest with responsibility over the area of the archdeaconry of Llandaff, one of two archdeaconries in the diocese (the other is Margam). The archdeaconry of Llandaff currently consists of two large deaneries: Cardiff, and Eglwysilan.
Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club Ground
Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club Ground is a cricket ground in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

In 1827 the Toronto Cricket Club was established in part by the efforts of George Anthony Barber. Cricket was joined by the Curling Club in 1836, and the Skating club sometime in the mid-1800s. The three clubs were amalgamated in 1957. The club also provides facilities for tennis and squash, amongst other sports.

The TCSCC is clearly the major ground, having hosted the Sahara Cups in the 1990s. Until September 2006, the cricket ground was the only ground in Canada approved to host official One Day Internationals. It was joined at this date by the Maple Leaf Cricket Club. Up until that point it had hosted 31 One-day internationals, most between India and Pakistan who played 16 games against each other at the venue. Canada played their first ODI there against Kenya in August 2006.

Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club
The Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club is a private sport and social club located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The club has facilities for sports including aquatics, cricket, croquet, curling, figure skating, fitness classes, lawn bowling, squash and tennis.
Oil Street Artist Village
Oil Street Artist Village (Chinese: 油街藝術村) was an artist community occupying the former Government Supplies Department Headquarters (GSDH) at Oil Street, Fortress Hill, Hong Kong from 1998 to 2000. It has been described as Hong Kong's first artists colony.

Oil Street
Oil Street (Chinese: 油街) is a street in Fortress Hill on Hong Kong Island near Fortress Hill station.

Buildings along the street include the Newton Hotel (closed on 25 August 2015), AIA Tower, the former headquarters and clubhouse of the Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club (listed as a Grade II historic buildings), Government Logistics Department's depot and the Harbor Grand Hotel.

Oil Street has a northwest-southeast orientation. It starts east at King's Road, then crosses Electric Road, has intersections with Wang On Road (宏安道) and King Wah Road (京華道), passes under the Island Eastern Corridor and ends shortly thereafter near the shore of Victoria Harbour.
Marton, New Zealand
Marton (Māori: Tutaenui) is a town in the Rangitikei district of the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. It is situated 35 kilometres southeast of Whanganui and 40 kilometres northwest of Palmerston North.

Ngāti Apa are tangata whenua for the Marton area.

The town of Marton is the largest in the Rangitikei district, and began life as a private township in 1866, when shop and housing sections were sold at auction by local landowners.

The town had 5,730 residents as of June 2025.

Marton has always been a service town for the fertile farming lands of the lower Rangitikei Rivers flood plains. Butter, wool, and flour have been among its agricultural products. The arrival of the railway in 1878 led to rapid growth in the area, which soon added industries such as engineering, sawmilling, and textile production to its economy.

Mayor of Rangitikei
The mayor of Rangitikei is the head of the Rangitikei District Council in New Zealand. The role was created in 1989 with the formation of the Rangitikei District as part of the 1989 local government reforms. The current mayor since 2013 is Andy Watson from Marton.
Cyclocosmia ricketti
Cyclocosmia ricketti (Chinese: 里氏盤腹蛛; pinyin: Lǐ shì pán fù zhū), commonly known as the Chinese hourglass spider, is a species of trapdoor spider of the genus Cyclocosmia. Cyclocosmia ricketti is native to China and it was first described (under its scientific name) in 1901 by Mary Pocock. They are characterized by their truncated abdomen and the patterned rigid disk at the bottom.

Cyclocosmia
Cyclocosmia is a genus of mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Halonoproctidae, first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, when the family split in 2018, this genus was placed with the Halonoproctidae as the type genus. The name is derived from the Greek "kyklos" (κυκλος), meaning "circle", and "kosmeo" (κοσμεω), meaning "to adorn".
Stonehaven
Stonehaven (/stoʊnˈheɪvən/ ⓘ stohn-HAY-vən) is a town on the northeast coast of Scotland, 15 miles (24 km) south of Aberdeen. It had a population of 11,177 at the 2022 Census.

Stonehaven was formerly the county town of Kincardineshire, succeeding the now abandoned town of Kincardine. It is currently administered as part of Aberdeenshire. The town is known in the local Doric dialect as Steenhive (/stinˈhaɪv/ ⓘ) and is nicknamed Stoney.

Sir Alexander Baird, 1st Baronet
Sir Alexander Baird of Urie, 1st Baronet, 2nd of Ury (22 October 1849 – 20 June 1920) was Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire from 1889 to 1918 and later served as president of the Permanent Arbitration Board in Egypt.