hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indonesia–Turkey relations
Indonesia-Turkey relations refers to diplomatic relations between Turkey and Indonesia. Indonesia and Turkey established diplomatic relations in 1950. Indonesia has an embassy in Ankara and consulate-general in Istanbul. Turkey has an embassy in Jakarta, and honorary consulate in Medan since May 1996. Both countries are full members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, MIKTA and the G-20 major economies.

Ottoman expeditions to Aceh
The Ottoman expeditions to Aceh were dispatched in 1566 and the following years by the Ottoman Empire in support of the Aceh Sultanate in its fight against the Portuguese Empire in Malacca. The Ottomans primarily helped the Acehnese produce cannons, but there are some signs of military support as late as 1585. The expeditions were sparked by an envoy sent by the Acehnese Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah al-Kahhar (1539–71) to Suleiman the Magnificent in 1564, and possibly as early as 1562, requesting Ottoman support against the Portuguese. The expeditions formed the basis of the nineteenth-century Achenese claim to be a dependency of the Ottoman Empire.
Vehicle registration plates of Vermont
The U.S. state of Vermont first required its residents to register their motor vehicles and display license plates in 1905. As of 2022, plates are issued by the Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), associated with the Vermont Agency of Transportation. Front and rear plates are required for most classes of vehicles, while only rear plates are required for motorcycles and trailers.

Vermont Agency of Transportation
The Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) is a government agency of the U.S. state of Vermont that is responsible for planning, constructing, and maintaining a variety of transportation infrastructure in the state. This includes roads, bridges, state-owned railroads, airports, park and ride facilities, bicycle facilities, pedestrian paths, public transportation facilities and services, and Department of Motor Vehicles operations and motor carrier enforcement.
Secugnago
Secugnago (Lodigiano: Scügnài) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) southeast of Lodi. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,801 and an area of 6.7 square kilometres (2.6 sq mi).

Secugnago borders the following municipalities: Turano Lodigiano, Mairago, Brembio, Casalpusterlengo.

Turano Lodigiano
Turano Lodigiano (Lodigiano: Türàn) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Lodi.

Turano Lodigiano borders the following municipalities: Credera Rubbiano, Moscazzano, Cavenago d'Adda, Mairago, Bertonico, Secugnago, Casalpusterlengo, Terranova dei Passerini.
Soldier's Joy (house)
Soldier's Joy is a historic house located at Wingina, Nelson County, Virginia, USA. It was built in 1784–85 by Col. Samuel Jordan Cabell and enlarged approximately twenty-five years later.  Along with Bon Aire and Montezuma, it is one of the few remaining Cabell family houses in Nelson County.  When constructed it was a five-part Palladian house; reduced in size during the 20th century when the early 19th-century wings were moved. The Late-Georgian dwelling is distinguished by its fine proportions and interior detailing, much of which was added when the house was enlarged. The elaborate woodwork from the ballroom wing was removed to the Cincinnati Art Museum when the house was renovated in the 1920s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Samuel Jordan Cabell
Samuel Jordan Cabell (December 15, 1756 – August 4, 1818) was an American Revolutionary War officer, planter and Virginia politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates (from 1785 to 1793) and at the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788 as an Anti-Federalist and in the United States House of Representatives aligned with the Democratic-Republican (from 1795 to 1803).
Saint-Cierges
Saint-Cierges is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  Its name refers to Saint Cyriacus, who is the town's patron saint.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.

Correvon
Correvon  is a former municipality in the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges, Thierrens and Chanéaz merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Montanaire.
Montgomery, Vermont
Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2020 census was 1,184. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County. Montgomery is also known for having the most covered bridges of any town in Vermont, with seven. This amounts to one covered bridge for approximately every 170 residents, and is the most of any single town in the United States.

Belvidere, Vermont
Belvidere is a town in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 358 at the 2020 census. Belvidere contains the hamlets of Belvidere Center, Belvidere Corners and Belvidere Junction. In 1963, part of Averys Gore in Franklin County became part of Belvidere, while the other part became part of Montgomery.
Johannes Althusius
Johannes Althusius (1563 – August 12, 1638) was a German–Dutch jurist and Calvinist political philosopher.

He is best known for his 1603 work Politica Methodice Digesta, Atque Exemplis Sacris et Profanis Illustrata which revised editions were published in 1610 and 1614.  The ideas expressed therein relate to the early development of federalism in the 16th and 17th centuries and the construction of subsidiarity.

Otto von Gierke
Otto Friedrich von Gierke, born Otto Friedrich Gierke (11 January 1841 – 10 October 1921), was a German legal scholar and historian. He is considered today as one of the most influential and important legal scholars of the 19th and 20th centuries. In his four-volume magnum opus entitled Das deutsche Genossenschaftsrecht (German Law of Associations), he pioneered the study of social groups and the importance of associations in German life, which stood between the divide of private and public law.

During his career at Berlin University's law department, Gierke was a leading critic of the first draft of a new civil code for Imperial Germany. Gierke argued that it had been molded in an individualistic frame that was inconsistent with German social traditions. Gierke became known as a vocal Germanist within the German Historical School of Jurisprudence. The draft was revised to remove Roman law influences and the German Civil Code came into effect in 1900.
Morrison-Rockwood State Park
Morrison Rockwood State Park is an Illinois state park on 1,164 acres (471 ha) located north of Morrison in Whiteside County, Illinois, United States. The park was established in 1971 and opened for day use that same year. It is named after the nearby Rock Creek and the heavily wooded park area "Rockwood". Lake Carlton is located within the park. Lake Carlton is a watershed impoundment constructed in 1969 by building a 38-foot (12 m) high, 1,800-foot (550 m) long earthen dam across a tributary stream to Rock Creek. The lake was named in memory of L. Carlton Anderson, a local citizen who promoted the park and was an important civic and conservation leader.

Lake Carlton (Illinois)
Lake Carlton is a reservoir in the Morrison-Rockwood State Park in Whiteside County in northern Illinois.

The lake is managed for sport fishing, including largemouth and rock bass, black crappie, channel catfish, redear sunfish, bluegill, muskie and walleye.
Mexican Federal Highway 45D
Federal Highway 45D (Spanish: Carretera Federal 45D, Fed. 45D) is a toll road alternative to the paralleling Fed. 45. Eleven separate tolled segments exist of Fed. 45D between Querétaro City and Villa Ahumada in Chihuahua, between Chihuahua City and Ciudad Juárez.

Mexican Federal Highway 43D
Federal Highway 43D is a toll highway connecting the cities of Morelia, Michoacán and Salamanca, Guanajuato. It is operated by Autopista Morelia-Salamanca, S.A. de C.V. (CAMSSA), and the toll is 93 pesos to travel its 107.95-kilometre (67.08 mi) length.
Phlogopite
Phlogopite is a yellow, greenish, or reddish-brown member of the mica family of phyllosilicates. It is also known as magnesium mica.

Phlogopite is the magnesium endmember of the biotite solid solution series, with the chemical formula KMg3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2. Iron substitutes for magnesium in variable amounts leading to the more common biotite with higher iron content. For physical and optical identification, it has most of the characteristic properties of biotite.

Lamprophyre
Lamprophyres (from Ancient Greek  λαμπρός (lamprós) 'bright' and  φύρω (phúrō) 'to mix') are uncommon, small-volume ultrapotassic igneous rocks primarily occurring as dikes, lopoliths, laccoliths, stocks, and small intrusions. They are alkaline silica-undersaturated mafic or ultramafic rocks with high magnesium oxide, >3% potassium oxide, high sodium oxide, and high nickel and chromium.

Lamprophyres occur throughout all geologic eras. Archaean examples are commonly associated with lode gold deposits. Cenozoic examples include magnesian rocks in Mexico and South America, and young ultramafic lamprophyres from Gympie in Australia with 18.5% MgO at ~250 Ma.
Viola cheiranthifolia
Viola cheiranthifolia is a species of the genus Viola. It is also known as the Teide violet and Teide daisy.

This plant is exclusively found in the dry and stony caldera of the volcano Teide on the Canary Island of Tenerife. It survives there in altitudes of 2000-3000m. Most of the time it is hiding under the rocks. It is only visible for three weeks in spring, when it comes out to the surface for pollination.

It reaches heights of 6 to 7 inches. The violet of the Teide is the plant that blooms to greater height of all Spain, can even be observed in the own crater of the Teide.

Viola (plant)
Viola, commonly known as the violets, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes.

Some Viola species are perennial plants, some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Many species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. In horticulture, the term pansy is normally used for those multi-colored large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding.
Soudan 1
Soudan 1 was a particle detector located in the Soudan Mine in Northern Minnesota, United States, which operated for a year in 1981–82. It was a 30-ton tracking calorimeter whose primary purpose was to search for proton decay.  It set a lower limit on the lifetime of the proton of 1.6×1030 years as well as upper limits on the density of magnetic monopoles.  It also served as a prototype for the following Soudan 2 and MINOS experiments.

Soudan 2
Soudan 2 was a particle detector located in the Soudan Mine in Northern Minnesota, United States, that operated from 1989 to 2001. It was a 960-ton iron tracking calorimeter whose primary purpose was to search for proton decay, although its data were also used to investigate the properties of neutrinos.  It found no evidence of proton decay, but it did help confirm Super-Kamiokande's atmospheric neutrino result, supporting the theory of neutrino oscillation.

The Soudan Mine was also home to the MINOS and CDMS detectors.
Midong, Ürümqi
Midong District (Chinese: 米东区; pinyin: Mǐdōng Qū; Uyghur: مىچۈەن-كۆكتاغ رايونى, romanized: Michüen-Köktagh Rayoni, Miqüen-Kɵktaƣ Rayoni, Мичүән-Көктағ Райони) is one of 7 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China. Its land area is 3,408 km2 (1,316 sq mi); it has a population of 296,000.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
Tlôkwa people
The term Batlôkwa (also Batlokoa, or Badogwa) refers to several Kgatla communities that reside in Botswana,  Lesotho and South Africa.

It comprises the followers of Tlôkwa kings and the members of clans identified as Tlôkwa, or individuals who identify themselves as of Tlôkwa descent. Most of the Batlôkwa clans trace their royal lineages to Kgwadi son of King Tabane, who was the father and founder of the Batlokwa nation. The Tlôkwa considers the Tlokwe-cat as their original totem which has since become extinct due to over-hunting for its fur, which was used by clan chiefs.

Tswana people
The Batswana (Tswana: Batswana, singular Motswana) are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa. Ethnic Tswana made up approximately 85% of the population of Botswana in 2011.

Batswana inhabit south and eastern Botswana and the Gauteng, North West, Northern Cape, Free State, and other provinces of South Africa.
Wellington College, New Zealand
Wellington College, is a state-run boys secondary school in Wellington, New Zealand. It is situated on 12 hectares of green belt land in the suburb of Mount Victoria, in the vicinity of the Basin Reserve and Government House. The school was founded in 1867 through a deed of endowment from Sir George Grey, the then Governor of New Zealand.

Wellington College is one of the oldest boys' secondary schools in New Zealand. The history and influence of Wellington College have made it notable in the history of New Zealand, with prominent alumni such as Arthur Coningham, Bernard Freyberg and William Pickering. The school is known nationally for both its academic success, as well as a large number of sporting activities.

The school has an enrolment of about 1750 boys. Glen Denham is the current Headmaster.

Basin Reserve
The Basin Reserve, also known as the Cello Basin Reserve for sponsorship reasons, and commonly referred to as the Basin, is a cricket ground in Wellington, New Zealand. It is used for Test matches, and is the main home ground of the Wellington Firebirds first-class team. The Basin Reserve is the only cricket ground to have listed status with Heritage New Zealand, in recognition of being the oldest first-class cricket ground in the country. Historically, the ground has also been used for events other than cricket, such as association football matches, concerts and cultural events.

The New Zealand Cricket Museum is located in the Old Grandstand. It houses cricket memorabilia and a reference library. It opened in 1987, and was relaunched in 2021.
Lilias Rider Haggard
Lilias Margitson Rider Haggard, MBE (9 December 1892 – 9 January 1968) was the fourth and youngest child of the British writer Sir Henry Rider Haggard and Mariana Louisa Margitson and a cousin of the naval officer Sir Vernon Haggard and the diplomat Sir Godfrey Haggard.

A member of the Haggard family, she was educated at Saint Felix School in Southwold, Suffolk. For her work as a Voluntary Aid Detachment auxiliary nurse during the First World War, she was awarded an MBE in 1920.  She was a member of Norfolk County Council from 1949 to 1952 and in 1953 was elected president of the Norfolk Rural Craftsmen's Guild.

She wrote a number of books, including a biography of her father entitled The Cloak That I Left.  Her book Norfolk Life, based on columns she wrote for the Eastern Daily Press, contains an introduction by Henry Williamson.

She is buried at Ditchingham, Norfolk, and is the subject of a 2015 biography by Victoria Manthorpe.

H. Rider Haggard
Sir Henry Rider Haggard KBE (/ˈhæɡərd/; 22 June 1856 – 14 May 1925) was an English writer of adventure fiction romances set in exotic locations, predominantly Africa, and a pioneer of the lost world literary genre. He was also involved in land reform throughout the British Empire. His stories, situated at the lighter end of Victorian literature and including the eighteen Allan Quatermain stories beginning with King Solomon's Mines, continue to be popular and influential.
RAF Luqa
Royal Air Force Luqa (or more simply RAF Luqa) is a former Royal Air Force station located on the island of Malta, now developed into the Malta International Airport.

It hosted aircraft of Air Headquarters Malta (AHQ Malta) during the Second World War. Particularly during the Siege of Malta from 1941 to 1943, RAF Luqa was a very important base for British Commonwealth forces fighting against Italy and Germany for naval control of the Mediterranean and for ground control of North Africa.  Air combat over and near Malta was some of the most ferocious of the war, and a series of airfields were built on the small, rocky island: at Luqa, Ta' Qali, and Hal Far, plus satellite fields at Safi, Qrendi and on Malta's second island of Gozo.

AHQ Malta
Air Headquarters Malta (AHQ Malta or Air H.Q. Malta) was an overseas command of the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. It was established on 28 December 1941 by renaming RAF Mediterranean under Air Vice Marshal Hugh Lloyd. Lloyd was named Air Officer Commanding in Malta on 1 June 1941.

AHQ Malta played a key defensive role during the war when Malta was under siege by Axis forces between 11 June 1940 to 20 November 1942. In 1943 it then became a major sub-command centre for the Allies under the Mediterranean Air Command (MAC) when the Allies began their attack on Sicily, Italy.

AHQ Malta remained in operation under British command until 1968 when it was disbanded. The British withdrew from Malta in 1979.
The McDonald College
The McDonald College is an independent co-educational specialist primary and secondary day and boarding school with speciality in the creative and performing arts, in North Strathfield, an inner western suburb of Sydney, Australia.

Established in 1984, the school currently caters for approximately 300 students from Kindergarten to Year 12, including 45 boarders of all genders from Year 7 to Year 12. It is Australia's only Kindergarten to Year 12, independent school that provides specialist training in the performing arts on a daily basis.

The college is a member of the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA), the Junior School Heads Association of Australia (JSHAA), the Australian Boarding Schools' Association (ABSA), and the Association of Independent Schools of New South Wales (AISNSW).

Inner West
The Inner West of Sydney is an area directly west of the Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia.  The suburbs that make up the Inner West are predominantly located along the southern shore of Port Jackson (Parramatta River), stretching south to the shores of the Cooks River. The western boundary of the Inner West is approximately the A3 arterial road (Homebush Bay Drive / Centenary Drive), which divides the Inner West from the Greater Western Sydney region. The Inner West is much larger than the Inner West Council local government area. The Inner West roughly corresponds with the Parish of Petersham and Parish of Concord, two cadastral divisions used for land titles.
Kévin Nicaise
Kévin Nicaise Tatila (Arabic: كيفين نيكايسي; born 17 April 1985) is a former footballer who played as a centre back and current manager of Young Reds, the reserve team of Royal Antwerp. Born in Belgium, he represented Chad internationally.

Chad national football team
The Chad national football team (Arabic: منتخب تشاد لكرة القدم, French: Équipe du Tchad de football), nicknamed Les Sao (Arabic: ساو),  represents Chad in international football and is controlled by the Chadian Football Federation, the governing body for football in the country. The team has never qualified for the World Cup finals or Africa Cup of Nations. Home matches are played at the Maréchal Idriss Déby Itno Olympic Stadium. In April 2021, FIFA banned the Chad national football team from participating in global football over the Chadian government's interference with the Chadian Football Federation.
Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames
The Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames is a borough in southwest London. The main town is Kingston upon Thames and it includes Chessington, Malden Rushett, New Malden, Surbiton and Tolworth. It is the oldest of the four royal boroughs in England. The others are Windsor and Maidenhead, the site of Windsor Castle, and the London boroughs of Greenwich, and Kensington and Chelsea. The local authority is Kingston upon Thames London Borough Council.

The neighbouring districts (clockwise from north) are the London boroughs of Richmond upon Thames, Wandsworth, Merton and Sutton, and the Surrey districts of Epsom and Ewell, Mole Valley and Elmbridge.

Borough of Elmbridge
Elmbridge is a local government district with borough status in Surrey, England. Its council is based in Esher, and other notable towns and villages include Cobham, Walton-on-Thames, Weybridge and Molesey. The borough lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London, but is almost entirely within the M25 motorway which encircles London. Settlements within Elmbridge range from the contiguous suburbs of the Greater London Built-up Area in the borough's northeast (Molesey, Thames Ditton, Long Ditton, Weston Green, and Hinchley Wood) to the exurban towns and villages of the Metropolitan Green Belt beyond, including Walton on Thames, Hersham, Weybridge, Esher, Claygate, Cobham, and Oxshott.

The neighbouring districts are Mole Valley, Guildford, Woking, Runnymede, Spelthorne, Richmond upon Thames and Kingston upon Thames, the latter two being London boroughs.
Constitutional Guard
The Constitutional Guard (French: Garde Constitutionnelle) was a French royal guard formation which lasted a few months in 1792 as part of the Maison du Roi, being superseded by the National Guard. It existed in the period of the constitutional monarchy during the French Revolution.

Louis Hercule Timoléon de Cossé, 8th Duke of Brissac
Louis Hercule Timoléon de Cossé, 8th Duke of Brissac (14 February 1734 – 9 September 1792), was a French military commander and peer of France. He was the second son and eventual heir of Jean Paul Timoléon de Cossé, 7th Duke of Brissac, who was a Marshal of France.
ELAS
The Greek People's Liberation Army (Greek: Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós; ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek resistance until February 1945, when, following the Dekemvriana clashes and the Varkiza Agreement, it was disarmed and disbanded. ELAS was the largest and most significant of the military organizations of the Greek resistance.

Markos Vafeiadis
Markos Vafeiadis (also spelled as Vafiadis and Vafiades; Greek: Μάρκος Βαφειάδης; (1906-01-28)28 January 1906 – (1992-02-22)22 February 1992) was a leading figure of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) during the Greek Resistance and the Greek Civil War.