hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hôtel de Ville, Villeurbanne
The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation: [otɛl də vil], City Hall) is a municipal building in Villeurbanne, Metropolis of Lyon, eastern France, standing on Place du Dr Lazare Goujon. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1991.

Villeurbanne
Villeurbanne (French pronunciation: [vilœʁban] ⓘ; Arpitan: Velorbana) is a commune in the Metropolis of Lyon in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France.

It is situated northeast of Lyon, with which it forms the heart of the second-largest metropolitan area in France after that of Paris. Villeurbanne is the second-largest commune in the metropolitan area of Lyon and the 20th most populated in France, and the most populous commune that is neither a prefecture nor a sub-prefecture. In 2013, Villeurbanne was elected the city with the best administration of France, which attracts more and more people.
Aortic sinus
An aortic sinus, also known as a sinus of Valsalva, is one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve. These widenings are between the wall of the aorta and each of the three cusps of the aortic valve.

The aortic sinuses cause eddies which prevent the valve cusps from touching the internal surface of the aorta and obstructing the openings of the coronary arteries.

Aorta
The aorta (/eɪˈɔːrtə/ ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.
FAW-Volkswagen
FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between FAW Group and Volkswagen Group which manufactures Audi and Volkswagen marque passenger cars for sale in China. It was founded on 6 February 1991.

FAW-VW is headquartered in the south-western fringes of Changchun, Jilin Province, where it also has two vehicle assembly plants. It has an additional assembly plant in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and a fourth plant is under construction in Foshan, Guangdong Province. FAW-VW is capable of producing the cars based on the platforms of PQ34, PQ35 and PQ46.

FAW-VW's year-on-year production volume exceeded 513,000 units as of 31 July 2009.

Volkswagen Golf Mk7
The Volkswagen Golf (Mk7) is a C-segment car manufactured by German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen. It is the seventh generation in the Golf series and the successor to the Golf Mk6, and was introduced in Berlin on 4 September 2012, before a public launch at the 2012 Paris Motor Show. Sales in Europe began with the model in November 2012.

Marketed in three-door and five-door hatchback, van, and estate forms, the Golf Mk7 shares the MQB platform with the third generation Audi A3, SEAT León and Škoda Octavia.

In November 2016, Volkswagen presented a facelift of the Golf Mk7. It was replaced in December 2019 by the Golf Mk8, which is built on the MQB Evo platform. Production of the e-Golf and the Golf Variant ended in mid-2020.
Globster
A globster or blob is an unidentified organic mass that washes up on the shoreline of an ocean or other body of water. A globster is distinguished from a normal beached carcass by being hard to identify, at least by initial untrained observers, and by creating controversy as to its identity.

Montauk Monster
41°02′21″N 71°55′07″W﻿ / ﻿41.039132°N 71.918714°W﻿ / 41.039132; -71.918714

The "Montauk Monster" was an animal carcass that washed ashore on a beach near the business district of Montauk, New York, in July 2008. The identity of the creature and the veracity of stories surrounding it have been the subject of controversy and speculation. The corpse was eventually decided by experts to be that of a water-degraded raccoon.

Similar carcasses have washed up on American and Canadian shores and have been called omajinaakoos, or "the Ugly One", by Indigenous groups, who believe it to be an omen of bad luck.
Buk Bak
Buk Bak was a Ghanaian musical group composed of Prince Bright, Isaac Shoetan and Ronny Coaches. They rapped in Ga, Twi, and Pidgin, and were the first hiplife group in Ghana to be successful with Ga lyrics.

As of 2006, they were both pursuing individual projects. Bright and Ronny reunited in 2012 to record what turned out to be their final album as a group, Fisherman Anthem. The original group had more members, some of whom have formed groups like 4x4. The group split in November 2013, after the death of Ronny Coaches.

4x4 (band)
4x4 is a Ghanaian hip hop musical group formed in 2000 by Captain Planet (Sylvanus Dodji Jeoffrey) and Coded, formerly Abortion (Russell Edem Avornyo) with the help of Ronnie Coches and Bright Bling Sparkles (Buk Bak). They are reputed to have brought crunk to Ghana. In 2007, Captain Planet and Abortion were joined by a new artist named Fresh Prince (Prince Tamakloe).
WAV
Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE, or WAV due to its filename extension; pronounced /wæv/ or /weɪv/ ) is an audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream on personal computers. The format was developed and published for the first time in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft. It is the main format used on Microsoft Windows systems for uncompressed audio. The usual bitstream encoding is the linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM) format.

WAV is an application of the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) bitstream format method for storing data in chunks, and thus is similar to the 8SVX and the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) format used on Amiga and Macintosh computers, respectively.

44,100 Hz
In digital audio, 44,100 Hz (alternately represented as 44.1 kHz) is a common sampling frequency. Analog audio is often recorded by sampling it 44,100 times per second, and then these samples are used to reconstruct the audio signal when playing it back.

The 44.1 kHz audio sampling rate is widely used due to the compact disc (CD) format, dating back to its use by Sony from 1979.
Christiane Brinkmann
Christiane Brinkmann (born 8 July 1962 in Mettmann, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a retired athlete who represented West Germany. She specialized in the 400 metres sprint and ran for the club LG Bayer Leverkusen.

On 30 January 1981 in Dortmund she ran a new world record of 3:34,38 minutes in 4 x 400 metres relay with the West German national team. The team consisted of Heidi-Elke Gaugel, Christina Sussiek, Christiane Brinkmann and Gaby Bußmann.

At the 1982 European Championships in Athletics she finished fourth in 4 × 400 m relay with teammates Ute Finger, Heike Schmidt and Gaby Bußmann.

Christina Sussiek
Christina Sussiek (born 4 March 1960 in Werther) is a retired athlete who represented West Germany. She specialized in sprints and long jump, and competed for the club LG Bayer Leverkusen.

At the German Outdoor Championships 1980 she finished second in the 100 and 200 metres races both times only narrowly and after fierce battles vanquished by the invincible olympic champion Annegret Richter.

On 30 January 1981 in Dortmund she ran a new world record of 3:34,38 minutes in 4 × 400 metres relay with the West German national team. The team consisted of Heidi-Elke Gaugel, Christina Sussiek, Christiane Brinkmann and Gaby Bußmann.

Sussiek finished fifth in long jump at the 1981 European Indoor Championships and won a bronze medal in 200 metres at the 1983 European Indoor Championships. In addition she competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics (4 × 400 m relay), the 1983 World Championships (long jump) and the 1988 European Indoor Championships (400 metres) without success.
Wade Brookbank
Wade Brookbank (born September 29, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played 127 games in the National Hockey League with the Nashville Predators, Vancouver Canucks, Boston Bruins, and Carolina Hurricanes between 2003 and 2009. He is currently a pro scout for the Chicago Blackhawks.

2009 NHL entry draft
The 2009 NHL entry draft was the 47th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 26–27, 2009, at the Bell Centre in Montreal, Quebec. The Draft was part of the Montreal Canadiens' centennial celebrations. NHL teams took turns selecting amateur ice hockey players from junior, collegiate, or European leagues. The New York Islanders, who finished last overall in the 2008–09 NHL season, retained the first overall selection following that year's NHL Draft lottery.

The New York Islanders used the first overall pick to select center John Tavares from the London Knights of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). The Tampa Bay Lightning used the second pick to draft defenceman Victor Hedman from Modo Hockey of the SEL, and the Colorado Avalanche drafted Matt Duchene of the Brampton Battalion with the third overall pick. Seven Swedes were selected in the first round, an all-time record for the country.

As of 2025 there are 32 active NHL players from this draft.
Okolona School District (Arkansas)
Okolona School District was a school district in Clark and Pike counties in Arkansas, headquartered in Okolona. It was dissolved on July 1, 1987; portions of the district were absorbed by the Amity, Arkadelphia, Delight, and Gurdon school districts.

Arkadelphia School District
Arkadelphia Public School District is a public school district located in Arkadelphia, Arkansas, United States. The school district supports families with education facilities and educators from early childhood through secondary education.

In addition to Arkadelphia, the district includes Caddo Valley and Gum Springs.

In 2012, Arkadelphia Public School District and its high school were recognized in the AP District of the Year Awards program in the College Board's 3rd Annual Honor Roll that consisted of 539 U.S. public school districts (6 in Arkansas) that simultaneously achieved increases in access to AP courses for a broader number of students and improved the rate at which their AP students earned scores of 3 or higher on an AP Exam.
"Mammut" borsoni
"Mammut" borsoni (sometimes called Borson's mastodon) is an extinct species of mammutid proboscidean known from the Late Miocene to the beginning of the Early Pleistocene of Eurasia, spanning from western Europe to China. As a member of Mammutidae it is related to the American mastodon (Mammut americanum), though its placement in the genus Mammut is disputed. It is the last known mammutid in Eurasia, and considerably larger than the American mastodon, with the shoulder height and body mass of males suggested to exceed 4 metres (13 ft) and 16 tonnes (35,000 lb) respectively, making it amongst the largest of all proboscideans and largest known land mammals. Its tusks, which could reach over 5 metres (16 ft) in length, are the longest known of any animal.

Mammutidae
Mammutidae is an extinct family of proboscideans belonging to Elephantimorpha. It is best known for the mastodons (genus Mammut) which inhabited North America from the Late Miocene (around 8 million years ago) until their extinction at the beginning of the Holocene around 11,000 years ago. The earliest fossils of the group are known from the Late Oligocene of Africa, around 24 million years ago, and fossils of the group have also been found across Eurasia. The name "mastodon" derives from Ancient Greek μαστός (mastós), meaning "nipple", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth", referring to their characteristic teeth.
Daşkəsən (settlement)
Daşkəsən (Azerbaijani: Daşkəsən qəsəbə) is a settlement and municipality in the Dashkasan Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 823.  The municipality consists of the settlement of Daşkəsən and the village of Aşağı Daşkəsən.

Aşağı Daşkəsən
Aşağı Daşkəsən (Ashaghy Dashkasan, lit. 'lower Dashkasan'; Armenian: Ներքին Քարհատ, romanized: Nerkin Karhat) is a village in the municipality of Daşkəsən in the Dashkasan District of Azerbaijan. The village had an Armenian population before the exodus of Armenians from Azerbaijan after the outbreak of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
Vikebygd
Vikebygd is a village in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located along the Ålfjorden, about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) straight west of the village of Ølensvåg. The village was the administrative centre of the old Vikebygd Municipality which existed from 1902 until 1964. Vikebygd is the site of Vikebygd Church. The village is a mostly agricultural area, although many residents commute to the nearby city of Haugesund, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the southwest.

Vikebygd Church
Vikebygd Church (Norwegian: Vikebygd kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vikebygd. It is the church for the Vikebygd parish which is part of the Haugaland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, stone church was built in a long church style in 1937 using designs by the architect Torgeir Alvsaker.
Charles-Hippolyte Pouthas
Charles-Hippolyte Pouthas (19 July 1886 – 2 May 1974) was a French historian specialist of political and religious history of contemporary France.

Pouthas was honorary headmaster of the lycée Malherbe de Caen. He was a professor of contemporary history at the lycée Janson-de-Sailly then at the University of Paris and director of the Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine.

His work on the Second Empire participated to a reassessment from the "black legend" spread by the Republican and liberal historiography of the last third of the nineteenth century, and introduced a more moderate reading of the regime.

Among his students were Louis Girard, who succeeded him in the Sorbonne, Louis Chevalier and Rene Remond.

With Jules Isaac and André Alba, he was the author of history textbooks on France.

His research notes are kept at the Archives nationales under the symbols AB/XIX/3754 to AB/XIX/3782.

Louis Chevalier (historian)
Louis Chevalier (29 May 1911, L'Aiguillon-sur-Mer, Vendée – 3 August 2001) was a French historian with interests in geography, demography and sociology. Much of his work was devoted to the history of French culture and Paris.
Risiocnemis seidenschwarzi
Risiocnemis seidenschwarzi is a species of damselfly in the family Platycnemididae and the only known species in the genus Risiocnemis. It is endemic to the Philippines.  It can only be found in a small river area in one of the last forests in Central Cebu, which is threatened by habitat loss, illegal logging, and water pollution. The survival of the species is believed to rely solely only the continued conservation of the river where it lives and breeds. There are no conservation programs yet to be administered in the area where it lives. It is the most endangered insect species in the whole Philippine archipelago. It is one of the 2012 World's 100 Most Threatened Species, which was compiled by IUCN and the Zoological Society of London.

Risiocnemis
Risiocnemis is a genus of damselflies in the family Platycnemididae. The damselflies are endemic to the Philippine archipelago and are inhabit the vicinity of shady rainforest streams.

Species accepted by the World Odonata List as of November 2023:

Risiocnemis appendiculata (Brauer, 1868)

Risiocnemis arator Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis asahinai Kitagawa, 1990

Risiocnemis confusa Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis corbeti Villanueva, 2009

Risiocnemis elegans Kitagawa, 1990

Risiocnemis erythrura (Brauer, 1868)

Risiocnemis gracilis Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis hamalaineni Villanueva, 2009

Risiocnemis kiautai Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis laguna Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis moroensis Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis praeusta Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis pulchra Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis rolandmuelleri Hämäläinen, 1991

Risiocnemis seidenschwarzi Hämäläinen, 2000

Risiocnemis serrata (Hagen in Selys, 1863)

Risiocnemis varians Hämäläinen, 1991
Tailcoat
A tailcoat is a knee-length coat characterised by a rear section of the skirt (known as the tails), with the front of the skirt cut away.

The tailcoat shares its historical origins in clothes cut for convenient horse-riding in the Early Modern era. From the 18th century, however, tailcoats evolved into general forms of  day and  evening formal wear, in parallel to how the lounge suit succeeded the frock coat (19th century) and the justacorps (18th century).

Thus, in 21st-century Western dress codes for men, mainly two types of tailcoats have survived:

Dress coat, an evening wear item with a squarely cut-away front, worn for formal white tie

Morning coat (or cutaway in American English), a day-wear item with a gradually tapered front cut away, worn for formal morning dress

In colloquial language without further specification, "tailcoat" typically designates the former, that is the evening (1) dress coat for white tie.

Lapel
A lapel (/ləˈpɛl/ lə-PEL) is a folded flap of cloth on the front of a jacket or coat below the collar. It is most commonly found on formal clothing and suit jackets. Usually it is formed by folding over the front edge of the jacket or coat and sewing it to the collar, an extra piece of fabric around the back of the neck.

There are three basic forms of lapel: notched, peaked, and shawl. The notched lapel, the most common, is usually seen on business suits, and on more casual jackets like blazers and sport coats. The peaked lapel is more formal, and nearly always used on double-breasted jackets, but also frequently appears on single breasted ones. The shawl lapel is usually carried by tuxedos and mess jackets.
Heinrich Moritz Max Freiherr von Beschwitz
Heinrich Moritz Max Freiherr von Beschwitz (Otzdorf, 23 December 1859 – Schloss Arnsdorf, 22 July 1944), Lord of Arnsdorf with Gersdorf (now part of Ottendorf-Okrilla) and Ottendorf in the Kingdom of Saxony, was a German soldier and nobleman, son of Moritz Wilhelm Wolf Freiherr von Beschwitz and his wife Alexandra von Hesse.

Moritz Wilhelm Wolf Freiherr von Beschwitz
Moritz Wilhelm Wolf Freiherr von Beschwitz (Krebs, 10 July 1823 – Schloss Arnsdorf, 31 August 1889), Lord of the Fideicomis of Arnsdorf in the Kingdom of Saxony, was a German soldier and nobleman, son of Ferdinand Freiherr von Beschwitz and wife Augusta Amalie von Oppel.
Dark River (New Zealand)
The Dark River, New Zealand is a river of Fiordland, New Zealand. It rises west of Barrier Peak and flows westward through Fiordland National Park into Lake Grave, which drains into Te Hāpua / Sutherland Sound.

Sutherland Sound
Sutherland Sound (officially Te Hāpua / Sutherland Sound) is a fiord of the South Island of New Zealand. It is the smallest of the fiords that make up the coast of Fiordland, and the only one with limited sea access (owing to a large sandbar at the entrance to its narrower section). It is the second most northerly of the fiords, 22 kilometres (14 miles) southwest of Milford Sound / Piopiotahi and eight kilometres (five miles) northeast of Hāwea / Bligh Sound. The fiord is ten kilometres (six miles) in length and the Light River and the Dark River flow into the eastern end. The fiord is composed of two main sections – a large bay opening into the sea, and a more traditional fiord as the inner section. These are separated by a narrow channel less than 100 metres (330 ft) wide at its narrowest point.
Bala Town Hall
Bala Town Hall (Welsh: Neuadd y Dref Y Bala), known in the late 19th century as the County Hall (Welsh: Neuadd y Sir Y Bala), is a municipal building in Bala, Gwynedd, Wales. The structure, which is now used as a restaurant, is a Grade II listed building.

Bala, Gwynedd
Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies in the historic county of Merionethshire, at the north end of Llyn Tegid. According to the 2021 census, Bala had a population of 1,999 and 72.5 per cent of the population could speak Welsh.
Richard Morris Hunt
Richard Morris Hunt (October 31, 1827 – July 31, 1895) was an American architect of the nineteenth century and an eminent figure in the history of architecture of the United States. He helped shape New York City with his designs for the 1902 entrance façade and Great Hall of the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Fifth Avenue building, the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World), and many Fifth Avenue mansions since destroyed.

Hunt is also renowned for his Biltmore Estate, America's largest private house, near Asheville, North Carolina, and for his elaborate summer cottages in Newport, Rhode Island, which set a new standard of ostentation for the social elite and the newly minted millionaires of the Gilded Age.

William Kissam Vanderbilt
William Kissam Vanderbilt I (December 12, 1849 – July 22, 1920) was an American heir, businessman, philanthropist, and horse breeder. Born into the Vanderbilt family, he managed his family's railroad investments.
Singleton pattern
In object-oriented programming, the singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to a singular instance. It is one of the well-known "Gang of Four" design patterns, which describe how to solve recurring problems in object-oriented software. The pattern is useful when exactly one object is needed to coordinate actions across a system.

More specifically, the singleton pattern allows classes to:

Ensure they only have one instance

Provide easy access to that instance

Control their instantiation (for example, hiding the constructors of a class)

The term comes from the mathematical concept of a singleton.

Design Patterns
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities and pitfalls of object-oriented programming, and the remaining chapters describing 23 classic software design patterns. The book includes examples in C++ and Smalltalk.

It has been influential to the field of software engineering and is regarded as an important source for object-oriented design theory and practice. More than 500,000 copies have been sold in English and in 13 other languages. The authors are often referred to as the Gang of Four (GoF).
Schwedenturm
The Schwedenturm ("Sweden Tower") in East Germany is a 35-metre-high rock formation made of sandstone in the hills of Saxon Switzerland near the spa town of Rathen and the famous Bastei rocks.

From the car park for the Bastei, a path runs towards Schwedenlöcher. The Schwedenturm is situated on the right just before the entrance to a narrow ravine. Because it lies in the Saxon Switzerland Climbing Region the free-standing pinnacle may be used for climbing. Currently, there are 14 different climbing routes up the rock. It was here that the first grade Xb route in the mountain range was successfully climbed, route 6 (Versuch), by Bernd Arnold. The Schwedenturm was first climbed in 1905 by Rudolf Fehrmann and his brother Arymund.

Saxon Switzerland climbing region
Saxon Switzerland (German: Sächsische Schweiz) is the largest and one of the best-known rock climbing regions in Germany, located in the Free State of Saxony. The region is largely coterminous with the natural region of the same name, Saxon Switzerland, but extends well beyond the territory of the National Park within it. It includes the western part of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains and is the oldest non-Alpine rock climbing region in Germany. Its history of climbing dates back to the first ascent in modern times of the Falkenstein by Bad Schandau gymnasts in 1864. Currently, there are over 1,100 peaks with more than 17,000 climbing routes in the Saxon Switzerland area.