hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East India Dock Road
East India Dock Road is a major arterial route from Limehouse to Canning Town in London. The road takes its name from the former East India Docks in the Port of London. To the west it becomes Commercial Road and to the east Newham Way. It forms part of the A13, a major road connecting the historic City of London to Tilbury and Southend.

A13 road (England)
The A13 is a major road in England linking Central London with east London and south Essex. Its route is similar to that of the London, Tilbury and Southend line via Rainham, Grays, Tilbury, Stanford-Le-Hope & Pitsea, and runs the entire length of the northern Thames Gateway area, terminating on the Thames Estuary at Shoeburyness. It is a trunk road between London and the Tilbury junction, a primary route between there and Sadlers Hall Farm near South Benfleet, and a non-primary route between there and Shoeburyness.
Trametes versicolor
Trametes versicolor – also known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolor – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Owing to its shape being similar to that of a wild turkey's tail feathers, T. versicolor is most commonly referred to as turkey tail.

Although polysaccharide-K, an extract of T. versicolor, is approved in Japan as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment, it is not approved in the United States for treatment of cancer or any clinical condition. Extracts of turkey tail or the mushroom itself are commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits, but there is no good scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.

Polysaccharide-K
Polysaccharide-K (Krestin, PSK) is a protein-bound polysaccharide isolated from the mycelium of Trametes versicolor.

Although PSK is approved in Japan as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment, it is not approved in the United States for treatment of cancer or any clinical condition.
Hafslo Church
Hafslo Church (Norwegian: Hafslo kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hafslo. It is the church for the Hafslo parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1878 using plans drawn up by the architect Johan D. Faye. The church seats about 300 people.

Hafslo (village)
Hafslo is a village in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the lake Hafslovatnet, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of the village of Solvorn which sits on the shores of the Lustrafjorden. The lake Veitastrondvatnet is located to the northwest of Hafslo. The village of Sogndalsfjøra (in Sogndal Municipality) lies 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the south; the village of Gaupne lies about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the north; and the village of Veitastrond lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northwest. The Norwegian County Road 55 runs through the village on its way from Sogndalsfjøra to Gaupne.

The 1.13-square-kilometre (280-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,248 and a population density of 1,104 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,860/sq mi).
William Pennefather
William Pennefather (1816–1873) was an Irish Anglican cleric who spent most of his adult life in England. He was famous for his hymns and sermons, and also for missionary work with his wife Catherine Pennefather. Catherine founded several projects in his name in the twenty years after his death.

Newington Green
Newington Green is an open space in North London between Islington and Hackney. It gives its name to the surrounding area, roughly bounded by Ball's Pond Road to the south, Petherton Road to the west, Green Lanes and Matthias Road to the north, and Boleyn Road to the east. The Green is in N16 and the area is covered by the N16, N1 and N5 postcodes. Newington Green Meeting House is situated near the park.
NGC 5308
NGC 5308 is an edge-on lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major. It was discovered on 19 March 1790 by William Herschel. It was described by John Louis Emil Dreyer as "bright, pretty large" when he compiled the New General Catalogue. A small, irregular galaxy near NGC 5308 has been given the designation LEDA 2802348.

NGC 5308 was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2016. The galaxy appears to be a flat, smooth disk, typical of most lenticular galaxies. Many large globular clusters orbit the galaxy; these are visible as tiny dots surrounding the galaxy, and are mostly made of old, aging stars similar to the galaxy itself.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Ethiopian Human Rights Council
The Ethiopian Human Rights Council or EHRCO is an Ethiopian human rights non-governmental organisation created in 1991 by Mesfin Woldemariam and 31 colleagues shortly after the dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam was overthrown. EHRCO's funds and staff were greatly reduced in 2009 as a result of a law limiting the role of foreign funds in citizens' associations, and restored by 2020, after Abiy Ahmed became the new prime minister, allowing EHRCO to expand its operations. EHRCO published its preliminary report on the Mai Kadra massacre of the Tigray War on 25 December 2020. It is part of the Consortium of Ethiopian Human Rights Organisations.

Consortium of Ethiopian Human Rights Organizations
Consortium of Ethiopian Human Rights Organizations founded in 2018 is an organization of 18 civil society organizations (CSO), working on the human rights, peace building and democracy. It’s a body that is aim at bringing CSOs together to have one voice. It is made up of over 1500 members and 5 founding associations. The headquarters is located at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Gapik
The gapik (Azerbaijani: qəpik, pronounced [ɡæˈpic]) is a monetary unit of Azerbaijan, equal to 1⁄100 of the Azerbaijani manat. The 2006 redenomination of the manat introduced coins of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50 gapiks into circulation.

The 1, 3 and 5 gapik are made of copper-covered steel. The 10 and 20 gapik are of brass-covered steel, and the 50 gapik is bimetallic.

The word gapik (qəpik) is derived from the Russian word kopeck (копе́йка, from копьё, "spear"), which was a Russian coin since the time of Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century, and is now the monetary subunit of the Russian ruble, Ukrainian hryvnia, Belarusian ruble and the Transnistrian ruble.

Kopeck
The kopeck, also spelled kopek, is a coin or unit of currency used in Russia and several other countries. It is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system and is equal to 1⁄100 ruble.

The kopeck was introduced in 1535 as a result of the monetary reform of Elena Glinskaya, regent of Russia. It was historically used in the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, the Russian SFSR, and the Soviet Union.

As of 2026, it is the currency unit of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. The Russian kopeck is also used in the two breakaway states of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Transnistria, another breakaway state, has its own kopeck. In the past, several other countries had currency units that were also named kopecks as a result of Russian influence.
John Payne (cricketer, born 1828)
John Brown Payne (1 July 1828 – 23 September 1887) was an English first-class cricketer.

Payne was born in July 1828 at Knutsford, Cheshire. He made his debut in first-class cricket for Manchester against Sussex at Eccles in 1858, taking figures of 5 for 59 in Sussex's first-innings. Two years later, he made a second first-class appearance for the Gentlemen of the North against the Gentlemen of the South at Salford, with Payne taking his best first-class figures of 5 for 36 in the Gentlemen of the South's first-innings. His final two first-class appearances came for the North against Surrey in 1862 and 1863. Payne was by profession a lawyer. He died in September 1887 at Broughton, Lancashire. His son was the rugby union international and cricketer John Payne.

John Payne (rugby union, born 1858)
John Henry Payne (19 March 1858 – 4 January 1942) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1880s. He played at representative level for England, and Lancashire (captain), and at club level for Broughton RUFC, as a half-back, e.g. fly-half, or scrum-half, he died in Victoria Park, Manchester.

Payne also played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in the 1880 season and for Lancashire in 1883.
Pyerasady
Pyerasady (Belarusian: Перасады, romanized: Pierasady; Russian: Пересады, romanized: Peresady) is an agrotown in Barysaw District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pyerasady rural council.

Pyerasady rural council
Pyerasady rural council  (Belarusian: Перасадскі сельсавет; Russian: Пересадский сельсовет) is a lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Byerazino district, Minsk region, Belarus. Its administrative center is  Pyerasady.
Subordinator (mathematics)
In probability theory, a subordinator is a stochastic process that is non-negative and whose increments are stationary and independent. Subordinators are a special class of Lévy process that play an important role in the theory of local time. In this context, subordinators describe the evolution of time within another stochastic process, the subordinated stochastic process. In other words, a subordinator will determine the random number of "time steps" that occur within the subordinated process for a given unit of chronological time.

In order to be a subordinator a process must be a Lévy process. It also must be increasing, almost surely, or an additive process.

Additive process
An additive process, in probability theory, is a cadlag, continuous in probability stochastic process with independent increments.
An additive process is the generalization of a Lévy process (a Lévy process is an additive process with stationary increments). An example of an additive process that is not a Lévy process is a Brownian motion with a time-dependent drift.
The additive process was introduced by Paul Lévy in 1937.

There are applications of the additive process in quantitative finance (this family of processes can capture important features of the implied volatility) and in digital image processing.
Joubertin
Joubertin is a red French wine grape variety that was historically grown in the Savoie wine region of southeast France. The grape was once prized for its productivity and high yields but its plantings have declined as the grape has fallen out of favor and it is now on the verge of extinction.

In the 20th century, ampelographers Louis Levadoux and (decades later) Linda Bisson categorized Joubertin as a member of the Peloursin eco-geogroup along with Bia blanc, Béclan, Dureza, Exbrayat, Durif, Jacquère, Mondeuse blanche, Peloursin, Servanin and Verdesse.

Servanin
Servanin is a red French wine grape variety grown predominantly in the Isère department in eastern France. While the variety has a long history in the region, plantings have been steadily declining since the early 20th century with the vine now close to extinction.

In the 20th century, ampelographers Louis Levadoux and (decades later) Linda Bisson categorized Servanin as a member of the Pelorsien eco-geogroup along with Bia blanc, Béclan, Dureza, Exbrayat, Durif, Jacquère, Mondeuse blanche, Peloursin, Joubertin and Verdesse.
Foss v Harbottle
Foss v Harbottle (1843) 2 Hare 461, 67 ER 189 is a leading English precedent in corporate law. In any action in which a wrong is alleged to have been done to a company, the proper claimant is the company itself. This is known as "the proper plaintiff rule", and the several important exceptions that have been developed are often described as "exceptions to the rule in Foss v Harbottle". Among these is the "derivative action", which allows a minority shareholder to bring a claim on behalf of the company. This applies in situations of "wrongdoer control" and is, in reality, the only true exception to the rule. The rule in Foss v Harbottle is best seen as the starting point for minority shareholder remedies.

The rule has now largely been partly codified and displaced in the United Kingdom by the Companies Act 2006 sections 260–263, setting out a statutory derivative claim.

Edwards v Halliwell
Edwards v Halliwell [1950] 2 All ER 1064 is a UK labour law and UK company law case about the internal organisation of a trade union, or a company, and litigation by members to make an executive follow the organisation's internal rules.
Piraeus-Perama light railway
The Piraeus-Perama light railway (Greek: Τραμ Περάματος) was a standard gauge suburban light railway line in Greece which connected Piraeus with Perama and Salamis Naval Base. The line was owned by the Hellenic Electric Railways private company and operated from 1936 to 1977.

Athens Tram
The Athens Tram is the modern public tram network system serving Athens, Greece. The system is owned and operated by STASY, which replaced Tram S.A. in June 2011.

STASY operates a fleet of 25 Alstom Citadis and 35 Sirio vehicles, which serve two tram lines and 60 stops. The tram network spans a total length of 27 kilometres (16.8 mi) throughout ten Athenian suburbs. This network runs from Syntagma (central Athens) to the coastal suburb of Palaio Faliro, where the line splits in two branches: the first ends as soon as it meets the Athens coastline at Pikrodafni Station (where it meets the other line), while the other exclusively runs between the Athens riviera (toward the southern suburb of Voula) and the port of Piraeus. The network covers the majority of the city's Saronic Gulf coastline. Athens' tram system provides average daily service to 65,000 passengers, and employs 345 people.
January 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 26 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 28

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 9 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 27th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 14.

January 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 27 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 29

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 10 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 28th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 15.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Cattaraugus County, New York
This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Cattaraugus County, New York.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted May 9, 2025.

Cattaraugus County, New York
Cattaraugus County (locally known as Catt County) is a county in Western New York, with one side bordering Pennsylvania. As of the United States 2020 census, the population was 77,042. The county seat is Little Valley. The county was created in 1808 and later organized in 1817. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Cattaraugus County comprises the Olean, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Olean, NY Combined Statistical Area. Within its boundaries are the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York, and the Allegany State Park. The Allegheny River runs through the county.
Jacques
The name Jacques, derived from Jacob, is believed to have originated in the northwest Brittany region of France in the Middle Ages, and occurs in variations, such as Jacq, as both a given name and a surname.

Jean-Jacques
Jean-Jacques is a French name, equivalent to "John James" in English. Since the second half of 18th century, Jean Jacques Rousseau was widely known as Jean Jacques. Notable people bearing this name include:
Transdev
Transdev, formerly Veolia Transdev, is a France-based international private-sector company which operates public transport. It has operations in 17 countries and territories as of November 2020.

Transdev was formed on 3 April 2011 via the merger of Veolia Transport and Transdev S.A., being initially equally owned by Veolia Environnement and Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations (CDC), the former soon announced plans to divest its holding in the business. Early priorities of Transdev were to largely focus upon its four core markets (France, the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States) while disposing of its less profitable ventures based in most other countries to consolidate. At the time of merger, Transdev operated in 27 countries to varying extents. During January 2019, Veolia sold on its remaining 30% shareholding in Transdev to the Rethmann Group; the company has since integrated some of its subsidiaries with those of Transdev.

Nottingham City Transport
Nottingham City Transport (NCT) is the major bus operator of the city of Nottingham, England. NCT operates extensively within Nottingham as well as beyond the city boundaries into Nottinghamshire county. Publicly owned, it is today the second largest municipal bus company in the United Kingdom after Lothian Buses in Edinburgh, Scotland.
The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell
Children's literature portal

The Big Oyster: History on the Half Shell is a book by Mark Kurlansky. It follows the history of New York City and the renowned oyster beds in the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary. The subject of the book is the history of oysters in New York City.

Oysters in New York City
Oysters in New York City have a long history as part of both the environmental and cultural environment. They were abundant in the marine life of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary, functioning as water filtration  and as a food source beginning with Native communities in Lenapehoking. The "Oyster Islands" of Upper New York Bay were Ellis, Liberty and Black Tom.

In colonial New York, oysters were sold on the street, and also pickled and exported to other colonies, and the Caribbean. These pickled oysters were typically seasoned with nutmeg and black pepper.
Noyes Cottage
Noyes Cottage is a historic cure cottage located at Saranac Lake in the town of Harrietstown, Franklin County, New York.  It was built about 1898 and enlarged in 1908.  It is a three-story, wood-frame dwelling in the Queen Anne style.  It has a stone foundation and multi-gabled roof.  It features six cure porches, including a two-story porch at the rear.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. It is located in the Helen Hill Historic District.

Helen Hill Historic District
Helen Hill Historic District is a national historic district located at Saranac Lake, Essex County and Franklin County, New York.  It encompasses 77 contributing buildings and 38 contributing structures in a predominantly residential section of Saranac Lake.  It developed between about 1856 and 1954, and includes notable examples of Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. The district is characterized by many cottages retaining the "cure porches" that distinguished the area's early days as a sanitarium. Located in the district are the separately listed Bogie Cottage, Coulter Cottage, Fallon Cottage Annex, Hill Cottage, Hooey Cottage, Kennedy Cottage, Lent Cottage, Marvin Cottage, and Noyes Cottage. Other notable buildings include the Cure Cottage Museum (c. 1923) and Mary Prescott Reception Hospital (c. 1905).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.
Fieseler Fi 99
The Fieseler Fi 99 Jungtiger (English: Young Tiger) was a German sports aircraft prototype, produced by Fieseler company. The aircraft was a low-wing two-seat aircraft with an enclosed cabin. It was powered by a Hirth HM 506A engine, producing 160 hp (119 kW).

Fieseler
The Gerhard Fieseler Werke (GFW) in Kassel was a German aircraft manufacturer of the 1930s and 1940s. The company is remembered mostly for its military aircraft built for the Luftwaffe during the Second World War.
Azerbaijan–Georgia relations
Foreign relations exist between Azerbaijan and Georgia, two neighboring small nations which were former Republics of the Soviet Union. Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tbilisi and Georgia has an embassy in Baku. Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The two countries are among the four founding members of the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development along with Ukraine and Moldova.

Relations between the two countries are close and cordial. Former Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili once described relations as "whoever opposes Azerbaijan or Georgia is an enemy of both our countries."

Azerbaijanis in Georgia
Azerbaijanis in Georgia or Georgian Azerbaijanis (Azerbaijani: Gürcüstan azərbaycanlıları, Georgian: ქართველი აზერბაიჯანელები) are Georgian citizens of an ethnic Azerbaijani background. According to the 2014 census, there are 233,024 ethnic Azerbaijanis living in Georgia.

Azerbaijanis comprise 6.5% of Georgia's population and are the country's largest ethnic minority, inhabiting mostly rural areas like Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti, Shida Kartli and Mtskheta-Mtianeti. There is also a historical Azerbaijani community in the capital city of Tbilisi (previously known as Tiflis), and smaller communities in other regions. There were some tensions in the late 1980s in the Azerbaijani-populated regions of Georgia; however, they never escalated to armed clashes.
Merdeka Palace
The Merdeka Palace (Indonesian: Istana Merdeka; also known in Indonesian as Istana Gambir and during the Dutch colonial times as Paleis te Koningsplein), is one of seven presidential palaces in Indonesia. It is located on the north side of the Merdeka Square in Central Jakarta, Indonesia, and was used as the official residence of the president of the Republic of Indonesia.

The palace was a residence for the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies during the colonial era. In 1949, the palace was renamed Merdeka Palace, "(ke)merdeka(an)" meaning "freedom" or "independence".

The Merdeka Palace is part of the 6.8 ha (17 acres) Jakarta Presidential Palace Complex, which also includes the Negara Palace, Wisma Negara (state guest house), Sekretariat Negara (State Secretariat), and the Bina Graha building. It is the center of the Indonesian executive authority.

State guest house
A state guest house is a building owned by the government of a country which is used as an official residence for visiting foreign dignitaries, especially during state visits or for other important events.