hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hirundo Wildlife Refuge
Hirundo Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge covering 2,402 acres (972 ha) along Pushaw and Dead streams in Old Town, in Penobscot County, Maine. The refuge was founded in 1965 by Oliver Larouche from his parents' 3 acres (1.2 ha) camp. The refuge was donated as a trust to the University of Maine in 1983 by Larouche and his wife, June. The refuge is a living laboratory where current and past scientific research has been conducted. Hirundo is just downstream of Pushaw Lake and includes part of the Caribou Bog wetland complex, which is one of the largest wetlands in Maine.  The refuge is also the site of the National Register-listed Hirundo Site, a prehistoric Native American habitation site with evidence of 4,500 years of occupation.

University of Maine
The University of Maine (UMaine) is a public land-grant research university in Orono, Maine, United States. It was established in 1865 as the land-grant college of Maine and is the flagship university of the University of Maine System. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

With an enrollment of approximately 11,500 students, UMaine is the state's largest college or university. The University of Maine's athletic teams, nicknamed the Black Bears, are Maine's only NCAA Division I athletics program. Maine's men's ice hockey team has won two national championships.
Bugallon
Bugallon, officially the Municipality of Bugallon (Pangasinan: Baley na Bugallon; Ilocano: Ili ti Bugallon; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bugallon), is a municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 76,027 people.

José Torres Bugallón
José Torres Bugallón y Gonzales (August 28, 1873 – February 4, 1899) was a Filipino military officer who fought and served the Spanish Government during the Philippine Revolution against the revolutionaries and joined the Philippine Revolutionary Army during the Philippine–American War. He is known as the "Hero of the Battle of La Loma", where he was fatally wounded that led to his death.
Rogers Orchards
Rogers Orchards, in Southington, Connecticut, is an agricultural-produce company owned and operated by members of the same family since its founding in 1807 and one of the leading agricultural producers in Connecticut.

Totaling 250 acres (1.0 km2), it is Southington's largest farm and the largest apple-grower in the state, selling wholesale to local stores and retail at its farmers' markets.

It harvests and sells twenty varieties of apples annually, with McIntosh, Macoun, Cortland, and Empire among its most popular.  Rogers Orchards also harvests and sells apricots, peaches, nectarines, plums, pumpkins, and other fruits and vegetables in season, and sells baked goods, honey and syrups, cut flowers, other farm-specialty products, and firewood.

Southington, Connecticut
Southington (/ˈsʌðɪŋtən/ SUH-thing-tən) is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 43,501. Southington contains the villages of Marion,   Milldale, and Plantsville.
Venus Flytrap (group)
Venus Flytrap was a Thai pop music group made up of five young transgender women (commonly called kathoey in Thailand). The members were selected from 200 applicants during an audition in 2005 by Sony BMG Music Entertainment, which also promotes the group and provided it with a recording contract.

Their first public performance occurred in November 2006, and their first album, Visa for Love, was released a month later. Also in December 2006, they performed two songs with Thai superstar Tata Young at one of her concerts in Bangkok.

Venus Flytrap is the first all-transgender music group in Thailand with a recording contract, and the second in the world, following South Korean group Lady.

In 2007, Nok and Amy announced they were leaving the band for personal reasons. Twelve prospective replacements competed on a TV show Venus Flytrap Search for the Missing Puzzle for their spots.  Contestants Mew and Bell were the winners.

Bell Nuntita
Nuntita Khampiranon (Thai: นันทิตา ฆัมภิรานนท์; RTGS: Nanthita Khamphiranon; born 20 December 1983), or nickname Art (อาร์ต), stage name Bell (เบลล์) and usually known as Bell Nuntita, is a Thai transgender actress, singer, entertainer, and radio DJ. Nuntita was part of a TV show called Venus Flytrap Search for the Missing Puzzle in 2007. As one of twelve contestants, she competed to take the place of two former cast members. Nuntita and another contestant named Mew won the competition and became part of the kathoey band Venus Flytrap. She became popular after a performance during her audition on Thailand's Got Talent and became a YouTube hit when she first performed singing as a girl, and the crowd was amazed when she switched to a masculine voice.
Juan Antonio Bardem
Juan Antonio Bardem Muñoz (2 June 1922 – 30 October 2002) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter, born in Madrid. Bardem was best known for Muerte de un ciclista (1955) which won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, and El puente (1977) which won the Golden Prize at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1979 film Seven Days in January won the Golden Prize at the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

In 1953, he and Luis García Berlanga founded a film magazine, Objetivo, which existed until 1956. He was a member of the Communist Party.

During the Franco dictatorship, Bardem was imprisoned by the Spanish State due to the anti-fascist nature of his films.

In 1981, he was a member of the jury at the 12th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1993, he was a member of the jury at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival.  Bardem was the father of director Miguel Bardem and uncle of actor Javier Bardem. Bardem died in Madrid in 2002, at age 80.

Luis García Berlanga
Luis García-Berlanga Martí MMT (12 June 1921 – 13 November 2010) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter. Acclaimed as a pioneer of modern Spanish cinema, his films are marked by social satire and acerbic critiques of Spanish culture under the Francoist dictatorship. These include Welcome Mr. Marshall! (1953), which won the International Prize (Comedy Film) at the 1953 Cannes Film Festival, Plácido (1961), nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1962, and The Executioner (1963), winner of the FIPRESCI Prize at the 24th Venice International Film Festival He kept a long-time collaboration with screenwriter Rafael Azcona, with whom he co-wrote the scripts for seven of his films between 1961 and 1987.
Berkeley Research Group
Berkeley Research Group, LLC (BRG) is a global consulting firm that helps organizations with assistance in disputes and investigations, corporate finance, and performance improvement and advisory. BRG is headquartered in Emeryville, California, with offices across the United States and in Asia, Australia, Canada, Latin America, the Middle East and the United Kingdom. As of January 2024, it has more than 1,600 employees across more than forty offices.

Laura Tyson
Laura D'Andrea Tyson (born June 28, 1947) is an American economist and university administrator who is currently a Distinguished Professor of the Graduate School at the Haas School of Business of the University of California, Berkeley and a senior fellow at the Berggruen Institute. She served as the 16th Chair of the White House Council of Economic Advisers from 1993 to 1995 and 2nd Director of the National Economic Council from 1995 to 1996 under President Bill Clinton. Tyson was the first woman to hold each of those posts. She remains the only person to have served in both posts.
Rural Municipality of Willow Bunch No. 42
The Rural Municipality of Willow Bunch No. 42 (2016 population: 306) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 3 and SARM Division No. 2. It is located in the south central portion of the province.

Division No. 3, Saskatchewan
Division No. 3 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the south-southwestern part of the province, adjacent to the border with Montana, United States. The most populous community in this division is Assiniboia.
The Stepford Children
The Stepford Children is a 1987 American made-for-television horror science fiction thriller film inspired by the Ira Levin novel The Stepford Wives. It was directed by Alan J. Levi with a screenplay by Bill Bleich and starring Barbara Eden, Don Murray, Tammy Lauren, Randall Batinkoff and Pat Corley. It is the second in a series of sequels inspired by the 1972 novel and the original 1975 film The Stepford Wives.

The Stepford Wives
The Stepford Wives is a 1972 satirical "feminist horror" novel by Ira Levin. The story concerns Joanna Eberhart, a talented photographer, wife, and young mother who suspects that something in the town of Stepford is changing the wives from free-thinking, intelligent women into compliant wives dedicated solely to homemaking. As her friends slowly transform, Joanna realizes the horrific truth.

The book has had two feature film adaptations, both using the same title as the novel: the 1975 version and the 2004 remake. Edgar J. Scherick produced the 1975 version as well as all three of the television sequels. Scherick was credited posthumously as producer of the 2004 remake.
Liberal Party (Mexico)
The Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal, PL) was a loosely organised political party in Mexico from 1822 to 1911. Strongly influenced by French Revolutionary thought, and the republican institutions of the United States, it championed the principles of 19th-century liberalism, and promoted republicanism, federalism, and anti-clericalism. They were opposed by, and fought several civil wars against, the Conservative Party.

Ignacio Ramírez (politician)
Juan Ignacio Paulino Ramírez Calzada (22 June 1818 – 15 June 1879), more commonly known as Ignacio Ramírez,  was a 19th century Mexican liberal intellectual and statesman. He was known for publishing various newspapers championing progressive causes, and he would often use the pen name El Nigromante, (the Necromancer). He served in more than one presidential cabinet and would go on to become president of the supreme court.

Ramírez belongs to the generation of Mexican liberals of La Reforma; which includes other intellectuals such as Ponciano Arriaga, Miguel Lerdo de Tejada, Melchor Ocampo, and Guillermo Prieto.

While the Liberal Party consistently supported anti-clerical measures, Ramírez  was also one of its few partisans who openly expressed atheism.
WS-Federation Active Requestor Profile
WS-Federation Active Requestor Profile is a Web Services specification - intended to work with the WS-Federation specification - which defines how identity, authentication and authorization mechanisms work across trust realms.  The specification deals specifically with how applications, such as SOAP-enabled applications, make requests using these mechanisms.  By contrast, the WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile deals with "passive requestors" such as web-browsers.  WS-Federation Active Requestor Profile was created by IBM, BEA Systems, Microsoft, VeriSign, and RSA Security.

WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile
WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile is a Web Services specification – intended to work with the WS-Federation specification – which defines how identity, authentication and authorization mechanisms work across trust realms.  The specification deals specifically with how applications, such as web browsers, make requests using these mechanisms.  In this context, the web-browser is known as a "passive requestor."  By way of contrast, WS-Federation Active Requestor Profile deals with "active requestors" such as SOAP-enabled applications.  WS-Federation Passive Requestor Profile was created by IBM, BEA Systems, Microsoft, VeriSign, and RSA Security.
Thomas More College of Liberal Arts
The Thomas More College of Liberal Arts is a private Catholic liberal arts college in Merrimack, New Hampshire, United States. Established in 1978, it emphasizes classical education in the Catholic intellectual tradition and is named after Saint Thomas More.

Merrimack, New Hampshire
Merrimack is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 26,632 as of the 2020 census.

There are four villages in the town: Merrimack Village (formerly known as Souhegan Village), Thorntons Ferry, Reeds Ferry, and South Merrimack. It also contains the census-designated place of East Merrimack.
Chemical warfare
Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare, biological warfare and radiological warfare, which together make up CBRN, the military acronym for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (warfare or weapons), all of which are considered "weapons of mass destruction" (WMDs), a term that contrasts with conventional weapons.

The use of chemical weapons in international armed conflicts is prohibited under international humanitarian law by the 1925 Geneva Protocol and the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907. The 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention prohibits signatories from acquiring, stockpiling, developing, and using chemical weapons in all circumstances except for very limited purposes (research, medical, pharmaceutical or protective).

1990 Chemical Weapons Accord
On June 1, 1990, Presidents George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev signed the bilateral U.S.–Soviet Chemical Weapons Accord; officially known as the "Agreement on Destruction and Non-production of Chemical Weapons and on Measures to Facilitate the Multilateral Convention on Banning Chemical Weapons". This pact was signed during a summit meeting in Washington D.C.
Ards Borough Council
Ards Borough Council was the local authority of Ards in Northern Ireland. It merged with North Down Borough Council in May 2015 under local government reorganisation in Northern Ireland to become North Down and Ards District Council.

Ards (borough)
Ards (named after the Ards Peninsula) was a local government district in Northern Ireland with the status of borough. It was one of twenty-six districts formed on 1 October 1973, and had its headquarters in Newtownards. It was merged with neighbouring North Down on 1 May 2015 to form the new Borough of Ards and North Down. Other towns in the defunct Borough included Portaferry, Comber, and Donaghadee, and the population of the area was 78,078 according to the 2011 census.

Strangford Lough is at the heart of the area, and is the largest inlet in Ireland with internationally renowned wildlife. The Irish Sea coast stretches from Donaghadee to Portaferry. Mount Stewart, a National Trust property on the shore of Strangford Lough, is in the area, as well as Northern Ireland's only aquarium, Exploris, in Portaferry and Grace Neill's pub in Donaghadee.
2007 Republic of the Congo parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of the Congo on 24 June 2007, with a second round initially planned for 22 July 2007, but then postponed to 5 August 2007. According to the National Commission of the Organization of the Elections (CONEL), 1,807 candidates stood in the first round for 137 seats in the National Assembly. The ruling Congolese Labour Party and parties and independent candidates allied with it won 125 seats, while two opposition parties won a combined 12 seats.

Alexandre Denguet Atiki
Alexandre Denguet Atticky (c. 1937 – 30 January 2013) was a Congolese politician. Under the single-party rule of the Congolese Labour Party (PCT), he served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville as Minister of Labour from 1971 to 1975 and was Ambassador to France in the late 1970s. From 2002 to 2012, Denguet Atiki was a Deputy in the National Assembly, and he was also President of the Parliamentary Group of the Presidential Majority from 2007 to 2012.
Clausula (music)
The clausula (Latin for "little close” or “little conclusion"; plural clausulae) was a newly composed section of discant ("note against note") inserted into a pre-existing setting of organum. Clausulae flourished in the late twelfth and thirteenth centuries and were associated with the Notre Dame school. The origin of the clausula has long been subject of scholarly debate, as the relationship between clausulae and motets is very complicated. Clausulae eventually became used as substitutes for passages of original plainchant. They occur as melismatic figures based on a single word or syllable within an organum.

Motet
In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the preeminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to the English musicologist Margaret Bent, "a piece of music in several parts with words" is as precise a definition of the motet as will serve from the 13th to the late 16th century and beyond. The late 13th-century theorist Johannes de Grocheo believed that the motet was "not to be celebrated in the presence of common people, because they do not notice its subtlety, nor are they delighted in hearing it, but in the presence of the educated and of those who are seeking out subtleties in the arts".
Halsua
Halsua (Swedish: Halso) is a municipality of Finland.

Halsua is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Ostrobothnia region. The municipality has a population of 993 in 2025 and covers an area of 428.34 square kilometres (165.38 sq mi) of which 15.63 km2 (6.03 sq mi) is water. The population density is 2.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (6.2/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Kaustinen, Kokkola, Lestijärvi, Perho and Veteli.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Veteli
Veteli (Swedish: Vetil) is a municipality of Finland.

It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Central Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of almost 3200 in 2019. and covers an area of 520.91 square kilometres (201.12 sq mi) of which 18.6 km2 (7.2 sq mi) is water. The population density is 5.84 inhabitants per square kilometre (15.1/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Evijärvi, Halsua, Kaustinen, Kronoby, Lappajärvi, Perho and Vimpeli.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Leibnitzia
Leibnitzia (sunbonnets) is a genus of Asian and North American flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

The genus is named for Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716), German scientist and mathematician

Species

Leibnitzia anandria (L.) Turcz.  - Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Siberia, Russian Far East

Leibnitzia knorringiana (B.Fedtsch.) Pobed. - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan

Leibnitzia lyrata  (Sch.Bip.) G.L.Nesom - United States (Arizona, New Mexico), Mexico (from Chihuahua to Oaxaca)

Leibnitzia occimadrensis G.L.Nesom - Sinaloa

Leibnitzia phanerogama Cass. - Siberia

Leibnitzia pusilla (Wall. ex DC.) S.Gould ex Kitam. & Gould - Bhutan, Nepal, southwestern China

formerly included

see Gerbera

Leibnitzia bonatiana (Beauverd) Kitam.- Gerbera bonatiana (Beauverd) Beauverd

Leibnitzia nepalensis (Kunze) Kitam. - Gerbera kunzeana A.Br. & Asch.

Leibnitzia ruficoma (Franch.) Kitam. - Gerbera ruficoma Franch.

Gerbera
Gerbera (/ˈdʒɜːrbərə/ JUR-bər-ə or /ˈɡɜːrbərə/ GUR-bər-ə) L. is a genus of plants in the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. The first scientific description of a Gerbera was made by J. D. Hooker in Curtis's Botanical Magazine in 1889 when he described Gerbera jamesonii, a South African species also known as Transvaal daisy or Barberton daisy. Gerbera is also commonly known as the African daisy.
There are also different colors of gerberas.
Pleodendron
Pleodendron is a genus of plants in family Canellaceae described as a genus in 1899.

Pleodendron is native to Central America and the West Indies.

Species

Pleodendron costaricense N.Zamora, Hammel & Aguilar - Costa Rica

Pleodendron ekmanii Urb. - Haiti

Pleodendron macranthum (Baill.) Tiegh. - Puerto Rico

Canellaceae
The Canellaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Canellales. The order includes only one other family, the Winteraceae. Canellaceae is native to the Afrotropical and Neotropical realms. They are small to medium trees, rarely shrubs, evergreen and aromatic. The flowers and fruit are often red.

Several species of Canellaceae are important in herbal medicine or as a substitute for cinnamon, which is obtained from genus Cinnamomum in family Lauraceae. Canella winterana is the only species known in cultivation.

The family is divided into five genera, but studies of DNA sequences have indicated one of these genera should be split. These genera together comprise about 25 species. In the Greater Antilles, many of these species are rare and restricted to small ranges. As of 2008, five of the species were newly recognized and not yet named.
Selva di Progno
Selva di Progno (Cimbrian: Brunghe) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Verona.

Selva di Progno borders the following municipalities: Ala, Badia Calavena, Bosco Chiesanuova, Crespadoro, Recoaro Terme, Roverè Veronese, Velo Veronese, and Vestenanova.

Velo Veronese
Velo Veronese (Cimbrian: Vellje; German: Feld) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Verona. It is part of the Thirteen Communities, a group of communities which historically speak the Cimbrian language as their native tongue.

Velo Veronese borders the following municipalities: Badia Calavena, Roverè Veronese, San Mauro di Saline, and Selva di Progno.
Gracie: A Love Story
Gracie: A Love Story is a 1988 biography of comedian Gracie Allen by George Burns. The tribute to Burns' wife and professional partner reviews their life together and contrasts Allen's scatterbrained public persona with the intelligent actress and devoted wife she actually was.

It was offered as a Book of the Month Club selection. For the audiobook version, Burns received the 1991 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album.

Gracie Allen
Grace Ethel Cecile Rosalie Allen (July 26, 1895 – August 27, 1964) was an American vaudevillian, singer, actress, and comedian who became internationally famous as the zany partner and comic foil of husband George Burns, her straight man, appearing with him on radio, television and film as the duo Burns and Allen.

For her contributions to the television industry, Allen was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6672 Hollywood Boulevard. She and Burns were inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1988.

Costar Bea Benaderet said of Allen in 1966, "She was probably one of the greatest actresses of our time."
Jade Clarke
Jade Bridget Clarke MBE (born 17 October 1983 in Manchester, England) is an English netball player. Primarily a midcourt defender, Clarke was selected for the England national netball team in 2002, making her senior debut the following year against New Zealand. During her international career, she has competed at six Netball World Cups/Championships (2003, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023), four Commonwealth Games (2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018), and the 2009 and 2011 World Netball Series.

She is England's most-capped player and the most-capped player for a single country.

2011 World Netball Series
The 2011 World Netball Series was the 3rd World Netball Series. England hosted Australia, Fiji, Jamaica, New Zealand and South Africa in a series, played in November 2011, at Liverpool's Echo Arena. With a team coached by Anna Mayes and captained by Jade Clarke, England defeated New Zealand 33–26 in the final to win their first major tournament. Jamaica's captain, Nadine Bryan, was named player of the series. The series was broadcast live by Sky Sport (New Zealand).