hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robinson Treaties
The Robinson Treaties are two treaties signed between the Ojibwa chiefs and the Crown in 1850 in the Province of Canada. The first treaty involved Ojibwa chiefs along the north shore of Lake Superior, and is known as the Robinson Superior Treaty. The second treaty, signed two days later, included Ojibwa chiefs from along the eastern and northern shores of Lake Huron, and is known as the Robinson Huron Treaty. The Wiikwemkoong First Nation did not sign either treaty, and their land is considered "unceded".

The Saugeen Surrenders of 1854 and the Pennefather Treaty of 1859 altered the original treaties.

Garden River First Nation
Garden River First Nation, also known as Ketegaunseebee (Gitigaan-ziibi Anishinaabe in the Ojibwe language), is an Ojibwa band located at Garden River 14 near Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.

The Garden River reserve consists of two non-contiguous areas, totalling 20,703.5 hectares (51,159 acres). The larger, main area is located along the St. Marys River and Highway 17. The Garden River runs through the reserve as a tributary of the St. Marys River. It is bordered by the Unorganized North Algoma District, Macdonald, Meredith and Aberdeen Additional, the city of Sault Ste. Marie, the Rankin Location Indian reserve, and Sugar Island Township, Michigan, USA.

Garden River First Nation is governed by a band council consisting of a chief and 8 councillors. Council elections are held biannually. The current chief is Karen Bell.
WKDP (AM)
WKDP (1330 AM) is a radio station licensed to Corbin, Kentucky, United States.  The station is currently owned by the Eubanks family as part of a quadropoly with adult standards station WCTT (680 AM), country music station WKDP-FM (99.5 FM), and adult contemporary music station WCTT-FM (107.3 FM). All four stations share studios on Adams Road adjacent to I-75 northwest of Corbin in southern Laurel County, while its transmitter is located off Combs Road in eastern Corbin.

In addition to its primary AM signal, WKDP is repeated on an FM translator: W250CL (97.7 MHz). That station's transmitter is co-located with the studios on Adams Road.

Corbin, Kentucky
Corbin is a home rule-class city in Whitley, Knox and Laurel counties in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 7,856.

Corbin is on Interstate 75 and US Route 25W, about halfway between Knoxville, Tennessee, and Lexington, Kentucky.
Trevardo Williams
Trevardo V. Williams (born December 31, 1990) is a Jamaican-born former American football defensive end. He played college football at Connecticut, and was selected by the Houston Texans in the fourth round of the 2013 NFL draft. Williams was also a member of the Arizona Cardinals, Indianapolis Colts, Washington Redskins, Toronto Argonauts.

Central High School (Connecticut)
Central High School is a high school in Bridgeport, Fairfield County, Connecticut in the United States. It was founded in 1876 as Bridgeport High School.

In 2003 the school held 2,217 students and 152 teachers. Ethnically the students were 41% African-American, 41% Hispanic, 13% white and 4% Asian, with .1% marked as unknown.

The current school building was constructed in 1963–4, and was dedicated on October 25, 1964.
The school is under renovation scheduled to be complete in 2021.
Lienchiang County Government
The Lienchiang County Government (traditional Chinese: 連江縣政府; simplified Chinese: 连江县政府; pinyin: Liánjiāng Xiàn Zhèngfǔ) is the local government of the Republic of China that governs Lienchiang County.

Matsu Islands
The Matsu Islands (UK: /ˌmætˈsuː/ or US: /ˌmɑːtˈsuː/) are an archipelago of 36 islands and islets in the East China Sea. They are situated alongside the southeastern coast of mainland China. The archipelago forms Lienchiang County (/ljɛnˈdʒjɑːŋ/), the smallest county in the Taiwan Area by area and population, as well as one of two counties that is a part of the nominal Fuchien Province that is administered by the Republic of China.

The current Lienchiang County of the ROC was once part of an intact Lienchiang County of Fujian before its effective partition in 1949 following the Chinese Civil War, which resulted in the mainland portion of the county being controlled by the People's Republic of China (PRC), while the offshore islands of Matsu remained under ROC control. The circumstance has made the county the only former geographical unit with the same name that is now divided between the administrations of the ROC and the PRC.
Greenville Memorial Hospital
Greenville Memorial Hospital is an 814-bed tertiary referral hospital and academic center located at 701 Grove Road, Greenville, South Carolina. It serves as the regional referral center for the upstate area.

It was formerly the flagship hospital for the Greenville Health System, which is now part of Prisma Health, a not-for-profit academic health organization engaged in medical research and education. The Greenville Memorial campus also hosts the University of South Carolina School of Medicine's Greenville Campus, as well as the Marshall I. Pickens Psychiatric Hospital. The facility also houses Prisma's headquarters.

The Greenville Health Authority (GHA) owns the hospital, and leases it to Prisma. The GHA is the portion of the Greenville Health System that still existed after the hospital transitioned into being operated by Prisma.

Prisma Health
Prisma Health is a not-for-profit health organization in South Carolina and Tennessee, formed by the merging of Palmetto Health and the Greenville Health System in November 2017. Its headquarters are in Greenville, South Carolina.

In 2024, Prisma Health announced a merger with Tennessee-based Blount Memorial Hospital, marking the first time Prisma Health has extended access to its services outside of South Carolina.
Australian philosophy
Australian philosophy refers to the philosophical tradition of the people of Australia and of its citizens abroad. Academic philosophy has been mostly pursued in universities (and sometimes seminaries). It has been broadly in the tradition of Anglo-American analytic philosophy, but has also had representatives of a diverse range of other schools, such as idealism, Catholic neo-scholasticism, Marxism, and continental, feminist and Asian philosophy.

David Malet Armstrong
David Malet Armstrong AO FAHA (8 July 1926 – 13 May 2014), often D. M. Armstrong, was an Australian philosopher. He is well known for his work on metaphysics and the philosophy of mind, and for his defence of a factualist ontology, a functionalist theory of the mind, an externalist epistemology, and a necessitarian conception of the laws of nature.

Keith Campbell said that Armstrong's contributions to metaphysics and epistemology "helped to shape philosophy's agenda and terms of debate", and that Armstrong's work "always concerned to elaborate and defend a philosophy which is ontically economical, synoptic, and compatibly continuous with established results in the natural sciences".
Frances Elizabeth Willard (relief)
Frances Elizabeth Willard is a public artwork designed by American artist Lorado Taft, located in the rotunda of the Indiana State House, in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. It is a bronze plaque, given by the Women's Christian Temperance Union, commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of Frances Elizabeth Willard's election as President of the WCTU.

Frances Willard
Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard (September 28, 1839 – February 17, 1898) was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Willard became the national president of Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in 1879 and remained president until her death in 1898. Her influence continued in the next decades, as the Eighteenth (on Prohibition) and Nineteenth (on women's suffrage) Amendments to the United States Constitution were adopted. Willard developed the slogan "Do Everything" for the WCTU and encouraged members to engage in a broad array of social reforms by lobbying, petitioning, preaching, publishing, and education.

Willard's accomplishments include raising the age of consent in many states and passing labor reforms, most notably including the eight-hour work day. She also advocated for prison reform, scientific temperance instruction, Christian socialism, and the global expansion of women's rights.
2024 Nobel Prize in Literature
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the South Korean author Han Kang (born 1970) "for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life". It was announced by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm, Sweden, on 10 October 2024 and was awarded on 10 December 2024.

She is the first South Korean and first Asian woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature, making her the 18th woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature and the tenth Asian laureate in that Nobel Prize category.

Han Kang
Han Kang (Korean: 한강; born 27 November 1970) is a South Korean writer. From 2007 to 2018, she taught creative writing at the Seoul Institute of the Arts. Han rose to international prominence for her novel The Vegetarian, which became the first Korean language novel to win the International Booker Prize for fiction in 2016. Han is the first Asian woman and Korean to be a recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, receiving the award in 2024 in recognition of her "intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life".
North Devon cattle
The Devon is a traditional British breed of beef cattle. It originated in, and is named for, the county of Devon in the West Country of England. It is a deep rich red in colour, and so may be known as the Devon Ruby, Ruby red or Red Ruby;: 45  it may also be called the North Devon to distinguish it from the South Devon.

South Devon cattle
The South Devon is a British breed of large beef cattle. It originated in the counties of Devon and Cornwall in south-west England, and is mentioned from the eighteenth century. It was a dual-purpose breed, kept both for its milk and for beef. Since 1972 selection has been for beef only.: 303
Mississippi Valley Conference (Wisconsin, 1989–present)
The Mississippi Valley Conference (MVC) is a high school athletic conference in southwest Wisconsin.  Founded in 1989, the conference and its member schools belong to the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association and are located in the La Crosse-Onalaska-Sparta combined statistical area.

Logan High School (La Crosse, Wisconsin)
La Crosse Logan High School is a public high school in La Crosse, Wisconsin operated by the School District of La Crosse. Located on the city's north side, the 240,000 square foot school is situated on a 32-acre site in the La Crosse River Valley. The school is named after the street address of its original location, which had been named after General John A. Logan.

La Crosse Logan consistently scores among the top high schools in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and is nationally recognized for its student academic achievements and college readiness scores. The school was visited by President George W. Bush in 2002, as part of the Department of Education's Tour Across America. In 2014 U.S. News & World Report ranked Logan 29th among Wisconsin's high schools, earning a silver medal. As of 2022, it is ranked 79th in Wisconsin.
Svetlana Mojsov
Svetlana Mojsov is a Yugoslav-born Macedonian American chemist who is a research associate professor at Rockefeller University. Her research considers peptide synthesis. She discovered the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and uncovered its role in glucose metabolism and the secretion of insulin. Her breakthroughs were transformed by Novo Nordisk into therapeutic agents against diabetes and obesity.

Joel Habener
Joel Francis Habener (June 29, 1937 – December 28, 2025) was an American endocrinologist who was professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and an associate physician at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
Mana, French Guiana
Mana (French pronunciation: [mana]; French Guianese Creole: Mannan) is a commune and town in French Guiana. It was founded on 16 August 1828 by Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey. It borders the river Mana, from where it gets its name; and is nearby the river Maroni. Mana is the primary producer of rice in French Guiana, which it exports to Suriname.

On 31 December 1988, about 3% of the territory of Mana was detached and became the commune of Awala-Yalimapo. Awala-Yalimapo is inhabited by Galibi Amerindians.

Awala-Yalimapo
Awala-Yalimapo (French pronunciation: [awala jalimapo]) is a commune on the north coast of French Guiana, close to the border with Suriname. The seat of the commune is the settlement of Awala where the town hall is located. Other settlements in the commune are: Yalimapo, Ayawande, and Piliwa. The majority of the inhabitants are Kaliña Amerindian people.
The Skerries, Northern Ireland
The Skerries are a small group of rocky islands (skerries) just off Portrush, County Antrim, on the north coast of Northern Ireland. Winkle Isle is the local name for the large Skerry island, the small Skerry being known as Castle Isle. The islands are part of an Area of Special Scientific Interest.

Local boat trips from Portrush pass the Skerries en route to the Giant's Causeway.

Portrush
Portrush (from Irish Port Rois, meaning 'port of the promontory') is a small seaside resort town on the north coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It neighbours the resort of Portstewart in County Londonderry. The main part of the old town, including the railway station as well as most hotels, restaurants and bars, is built on a 1 mile (1.6 km)–long peninsula, Ramore Head. It had a population of 6,150 at the 2021 census.

The town is well known for its three sandy beaches, the West Strand, East Strand and White Rocks, as well as the Royal Portrush Golf Club, the only golf club outside Great Britain which has hosted The Open Championship – in 1951, 2019, and 2025.
Volga–Ural Military District
The Volga–Ural Military District was a military district of the Russian Ground Forces, formed on 1 September 2001 by the amalgamation of the Volga Military District and the Ural Military District. The headquarters of the Ural Military District, located at Yekaterinburg became the new headquarters of the merged district. In 2010 the District was merged with part of the Siberian Military District to form the new Central Military District.

2nd Guards Tank Army
The 2nd Guards Tank Army (Russian: 2-я гвардейская танковая армия, romanized: 2-ya gvardeyskaya tankovaya armiya) was a large military formation of the Red Army and Soviet Army, later part of the Russian Ground Forces of the Russian Federation.

The army was originally formed in early 1943 as the 2nd Tank Army. It was the first Red Army unit to enter Berlin during the Battle of Berlin.
Badeno (Aanaa)
Bedeno  (Oromo: Aanaa Baddannoo) is a District of Ethiopia in Oromia, Ethiopia. It is named after the administrative center of the district, Bedeno. Part of the East Hararghe Zone, Bedeno is bordered on the south by Gola Odana Meyumuluke, on the southwest by Malka Balo, on the west by Deder, on the northwest by Meta, on the north by Jarso, on the northeast by Kurfa Chele, and on the east by Girawa. Towns include Furda.

Malka Balo
Malka Balo (Oromo: Aanaa Malkaa Balloo) is a Districts of Ethiopia in Oromia, Ethiopia. Part of the  East Hararghe Zone, Malka Balo is bordered on the west by the West Hararghe Zone, on the north by Deder, on the northeast by Bedeno, and on the southeast by Gola Odana Meyumuluke; part of the boundary with the West Hararghe Zone is defined by the Galetti River. The administrative center for this woreda is Jaja; other towns include Bareda, Harawacha and Harew.
AusStage
AusStage: The Australian Live Performance Database is an online database which records information about live performances in Australia, providing records of productions from the first recorded performance in Australia (1789, by convicts) up until the present day. The only repository of Australian performing arts in the world, it is managed by a consortium of universities, government agencies, industry organisations and arts institutions, and mostly funded by the Australian Research Council. Created in 2000, the database contained more than 250,000 records by 2018.

Australasian Association for Theatre, Drama and Performance Studies
The Australasian Association for Theatre, Drama and Performance Studies (ADSA), formerly the Australian Drama Studies Association, is an academic association promoting the study of theatre in New Zealand and Australia.
King George Hall, Colombo
The King George Hall (KGH) of the University of Colombo in Colombo is one of the oldest theatres of Sri Lanka. Built during the mid-1920s following the establishment of the University College Colombo, it was meant to function as a theatre, lecture hall, and venue for many university functions, a purpose it serves to this day.

University of Colombo
The University of Colombo (informally Colombo University or UoC) is a public research university located primarily in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is the oldest institution of modern higher education in Sri Lanka. It specializes in the fields of Natural, Social, Applied, Formal, and Computer Sciences as well as Fine Arts, Law and Technology. It is ranked among the top 10 universities in South Asia.

The University of Colombo was founded in 1921 as University College Colombo, affiliated with the University of London. Degrees were issued to its students from 1923 onwards. The university traces its roots to 1870 when the Ceylon Medical School was established. UoC has produced notable alumni in the fields of science, law, economics, business, literature, and politics.
Lucian of Antioch
Saint Lucian of Antioch (Greek: Λουκιανός Αντιοχείας c. 240 – January 7, 312), known as Lucian the Martyr, was a Christian presbyter, theologian, and martyr. He was noted for both his scholarship and ascetic piety.

Paul of Samosata
Paul of Samosata (Ancient Greek: Παῦλος ὁ Σαμοσατεύς, lived from 200 to 275) was patriarch of Antioch from 260 to 268 and the originator of the Paulianist heresy named after him. He was a believer in monarchianism, a nontrinitarian doctrine; his teachings also reflect adoptionism.
Sheepeater Indian War
The  Sheepeater War of 1879 was the last Indian war fought in the Pacific Northwest portion of the United States; it took place primarily in central Idaho. A high mountain band of approximately 300 Shoshone people, the Tukudeka were known as the Sheepeaters as Rocky Mountain sheep were a main staple of their food, clothing and tools. At the time, they were the last tribe living traditionally on the American Rocky Mountains.  The Tukudeka became  part of the Salmon Eater Shoshones after the war.

Shoshone
The Shoshone or Shoshoni (/ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shoh-SHOH-nee or /ʃəˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shə-SHOH-nee), also known by the endonym Newe, are an Indigenous people of the United States with four large cultural/linguistic divisions:

Eastern Shoshone: Wyoming

Northern Shoshone: Southern Idaho

Western Shoshone: California, Nevada, and Northern Utah

Goshute:  western Utah, eastern Nevada

They traditionally speak the Shoshoni language, part of the Numic languages branch of the large Uto-Aztecan language family. The Shoshone were sometimes called the Snake Indians by neighboring tribes and early American explorers.

Their peoples have become members of federally recognized tribes throughout their traditional areas of settlement, often co-located with the Northern Paiute people of the Great Basin.
Listed buildings in Grinton
Grinton is a civil parish in the former county of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains 41 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, four are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Grinton and Crackpot, and the surrounding countryside and moorland, extending along Swaledale.  Most of the listed buildings are houses, cottages and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings.  In the parish is the former Grinton Smelt Mill, which is listed, together with two associated structures.  The other listed buildings include a church and items in the churchyard, bridges and a former shooting lodge.

Crackpot, North Yorkshire
Crackpot is a village in Swaledale, North Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the Old English kraka (crow) and the Viking word pot (usually a pit or deep hole often in the bed of a river, but in this case, it refers to a rift in the limestone).
Lanište, Croatia
Lanište is a neighborhood in the Novi Zagreb - zapad city district in Zagreb, Croatia. It is located along the Jadranska Avenue, south of the Sava River, across from the neighbourhood of Jarun. It has a population of 3,468.

Its main thoroughfares are Jadranska Avenue, Lanište Road and Remetinečka Road. It is the site of the Arena Zagreb, and Arena shopping center.

The area was neglected for a long time, but in the last few years many new apartment buildings were built, and real estate prices have risen considerably.

The neighborhood is badly connected to the Zagreb tram system, with residents having to walk to Western Rotary to board the trams. A tram line extension together with a new rail yard located near Blato, southwest of Lanište, is planned.

Jadranska Avenue
Jadranska Avenue (Croatian: Jadranska avenija, literally: Adriatic Avenue) is a mostly six-lane controlled-access avenue in the Novi Zagreb – zapad city district of southwestern Zagreb, Croatia. Legally designated as a part of County road Ž1040, it runs between the Remetinec Roundabout and the Zagreb bypass, acting as an important thoroughfare both for commuters from southwestern suburbs of Lučko and Stupnik and for travellers coming to the city by A1 motorway. The avenue experiences high amounts of seasonal traffic in summer resulting in traffic jams sometimes spanning the whole length of the avenue. The daily traffic has also been rising in recent years due to former bedroom communities in Zagreb County from the 1990s becoming new outer suburbs in the 2000s. Novi Zagreb neighborhoods Blato, Botinec and Lanište are located directly south of the avenue. The intersection with Lanište Road was recently converted into an interchange.
Mbeya Region
Mbeya Region (Mkoa wa Mbeya in Swahili) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 35,954 km2 (13,882 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Guinea Bissau. Mbeya Region is bordered to the east by Singida Region, Iringa Region and Njombe Region. The region is bordered to the south by Malawi and Lake Nyasa. To the north the region borders southern Tabora Region. Lastly, Mbeya is bordered to the west by Songwe Region. The regional capital is the city of Mbeya. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,343,754.

Kitulo National Park
Kitulo National Park (Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Kitulo, in Swahili) is a  national park of Tanzania, constituting a protected area of montane grassland and montane forest on the Kitulo Plateau in the southern highlands of Tanzania. The park is at an elevation of 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) between the peaks of the Kipengere and Poroto mountains and covers an area of 412.9 square kilometres (159.4 sq mi), lying in Mbeya Region and Njombe Region. The park is administered by Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) and is the first national park in tropical Africa to be established primarily to protect its flora.

Locals refer to the Kitulo Plateau as "Bustani ya Mungu" ("The Garden of God"), while botanists have referred to it as the "Serengeti of Flowers".