hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harborough District
Harborough (/ˈhɑːrbərə/) is a local government district in Leicestershire, England. It is named after its main town, Market Harborough, which is where the council is based. The district also includes the town of Lutterworth and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. In the north of the district it includes parts of the Leicester Urban Area, notably at Thurnby, Bushby and Scraptoft. Covering 230 square miles (600 km2), the district is the largest by area of the eight districts in Leicestershire and covers almost a quarter of the county.

The neighbouring districts are Blaby, Oadby and Wigston, Leicester, Charnwood, Melton, Rutland, North Northamptonshire, West Northamptonshire and Rugby.

Bushby
Bushby is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Thurnby and Bushby, in the Harborough district, in Leicestershire, England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 336.

It lies just south of the A47 Uppingham Road, which leads east from Leicester, and contiguous with the village of Thurnby. The principal thoroughfare is the east-west Main Street, off which lead half a dozen closes built since the 1950s. Its central point is the 'spinney', a clump of pine trees forming an island created when a dog's-leg in Main street was straightened out. Most of the settlement is made up of commuter housing, but it retains a handful of farms and shops. Though the local pub, the Rose and Crown, lies in Thurnby, its old skittle alley is on Bushby territory, with the consequence that it used to have later opening hours.
Cahit Arf
Cahit Arf (Turkish: [dʒaːhit aɾf]; 24 October 1910 – 26 December 1997) was a Turkish mathematician. He is known for the Arf invariant of a quadratic form in characteristic 2 (applied in knot theory  and surgery theory) in  topology, the Hasse–Arf theorem in ramification theory, Arf semigroups and Arf rings.

Robert Langlands
Robert Phelan Langlands, CC FRS FRSC (/ˈlæŋləndz/; born October 6, 1936) is a Canadian mathematician. He is best known as the founder of the Langlands program, a vast web of conjectures and results connecting representation theory and automorphic forms to the study of Galois groups in number theory, for which he received the 2018 Abel Prize. He is emeritus professor and occupied Albert Einstein's office at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, until 2020 when he retired.
Khajera Chirapradidha
Prince Khajera Chirapradidha or Phra Chao Boromwongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Khajera Chirapradidha (RTGS: Khajen Chirapradit) (Thai: พระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ พระองค์เจ้าเขจรจิรประดิษฐ) (23 July 1888 – 7 October 1888), was the Prince of Siam (later Thailand). He was a member of the Siamese royal family. He was a son of Chulalongkorn, King Rama V of Siam.

His mother was Sae Rojanadis, daughter of Phraya Abbhantrikamas and Bang Rojanadis. He had 2 younger sisters;

Princess Abbhantripaja (31 October 1889 – 18 February 1934)

Princess Dibyalangkarn (17 January 1891 – 4 June 1932)

Prince Khajera Chirapradidha died in babyhood on 7 October 1888, at the age of only 3 months.

Sae Rojanadis
Sae Rojanadis (complete title Chao Chom Manda Sae, Thai: เจ้าจอมมารดาแส ) was the Royal Highness Consort of King Chulalongkorn and daughter of Phraya Abbhantrikamat (Dis Rojanadis) and Bang Rojanadis.

She moved to the Grand Palace to be a royal consort of King Chulalongkorn.

She had 3 children with King Chulalongkorn, Prince Khajera Chirapradidha, Princess Abbhantripaja and Princess Dibyalangkarn.
Melaky
Melaky is a region in northwestern Madagascar. It borders Boeny Region in northeast, Betsiboka in east, Bongolava in southeast and Menabe in south. The capital of the region is Maintirano. The population was estimated to be 309,805 in 2018 within the area of 38,852 km2 (15,001 sq mi). Melaky has the smallest population and the lowest population density of all Malagasy regions.

Betsiboka
Betsiboka is a region of Madagascar. It borders Boeny Region in north, Sofia in northeast, Alaotra-Mangoro in east, Analamanga and Bongolava in south and Melaky in west. The capital of the region is Maevatanana. Until 2009 Betsiboka belonged to Mahajanga Province. The population was 394,561 in 2018 within the area of 30,025 km2 (11,593 sq mi). Betsiboka is one of the least densely populated regions in Madagascar.
Tom Laughlin
Thomas Robert Laughlin Jr. (August 10, 1931 – December 12, 2013) was an American actor, filmmaker, educator, activist, and perennial candidate. He was best known as the star and director of the Billy Jack tetralogy of action drama films, produced between 1969 and 1977. His unique promotion of the 1974's The Trial of Billy Jack (TV trailers during national news and an "opening day" nationwide release) was a major influence on the way films are marketed.

In the early 1960s, Laughlin put his film career on hiatus to start a Montessori preschool in Santa Monica, California; it became the largest school of its kind in the United States. In his later years, he sought the office of President of the United States in 1992, 2004, and 2008. He was involved in psychology and domestic violence counseling, writing several books on Jungian psychology and developing theories on the causes of cancer. He was married to actress Delores Taylor from 1954 until his death.

Han Bong-soo
Han Bong-soo (Korean: 한봉수; August 25, 1933 – January 8, 2007) was a South Korean martial artist. He is often referred to as the "Father of Hapkido" in America, and founded the International Hapkido Federation. He was one of the foremost and internationally-recognized practitioners of the art through his participation in books, magazine articles, and popular films featuring the martial art.
Militello in Val di Catania
Militello in Val di Catania (lit. 'Militello in the Province of Catania'; Sicilian: Militeḍḍu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region of Sicily, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Catania, on the last slopes of the Hyblaean Mountains. It has a railway station on the line Catania-Caltagirone-Gela. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ('The most beautiful villages of Italy').

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
John (constable of Armenia)
John (died 7 August 1343) of the House of Lusignan was the constable and later regent of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.

John was son of Amalric, Lord of Tyre, and Isabella of Armenia.  His siblings were Guy (Constantine II, King of Armenia) and Agnes, wife of Leo III, King of Armenia.

John married Soldane Bagrationi, daughter of king George V of Georgia. The couple had:

Leo V (1342–1393), king of Lesser Armenia (1374–1375), married Marguerite de Soissons.

John was murdered in Cilicia on 7 August 1343.

Constantine II, King of Armenia
Constantine II (Armenian: Կոստանդին Բ), (also Constantine IV; Western Armenian transliteration: Gosdantin; died 17 April 1344), born Guy de Lusignan, was elected the first Latin King of Armenian Cilicia of the Poitiers-Lusignan dynasty, ruling from 1342 until his death in 1344.
Radiotopia
Radiotopia is a podcast network founded by Roman Mars (host of 99% Invisible) and run by the Public Radio Exchange. The network is organized as a collective of some two dozen shows whose producers have complete artistic control over their work. Since its launch, podcasts in the network have been downloaded over 19 million times per month.

Maximum Fun
Maximum Fun is an independent, worker-owned cooperative podcast and radio show production organization founded by Jesse Thorn. The organization originated with Thorn's college radio show The Sound of Young America which continued in an adapted format and with a new name, Bullseye with Jesse Thorn. Maximum Fun has since grown to include several other programs. Shows on the network cover a wide variety of topics.

In May 2014, Rolling Stone included three Maximum Fun shows on its list of "The 20 Best Comedy Podcasts Right Now": Judge John Hodgman, RISK!, and Throwing Shade.
Heterosphecia
Heterosphecia is a genus of moths in the family Sesiidae which is found from Borneo, Sumatra and South India. There are eight known species with few records, so consequently their conservation status is unknown.

Sesiidae
The Sesiidae or clearwing moths are a diurnal moth family in the order Lepidoptera known for their Batesian mimicry in both appearance and behaviour of various Hymenoptera.

The family consists of 165 genera spread over two subfamilies, containing in total 1525 species and 49 subspecies, most of which occur in the tropics, though there are many species in the Holarctic region as well, including over a hundred species known to occur in Europe.: Backcover, 6
Calopadiopsis
Calopadiopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ectolechiaceae. It was circumscribed in 2002 by the lichenologists Robert Lücking and Rolf Santesson. It has two species:

Calopadiopsis aeruginescens Lücking (2008)

Calopadiopsis tayabasensis (Vain.) Lücking & R.Sant. (2002)

Ectolechiaceae
The Ectolechiaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Lecanorales. The species of this family have a cosmopolitan distribution and have been found in a variety of climatic regions. The family was first described by Alexander Zahlbruckner in 1905, originally for a group of tropical, leaf-dwelling lichens. Its scope has since expanded considerably, and the family now encompasses both tropical genera such as Byssoloma and Calopadia and the large, predominantly temperate-to-arctic genus Micarea. As of 2026, the family contains more than 30 genera and an estimated 470 species.
Haileybury Astana
Haileybury Astana is a British independent school in Astana, Kazakhstan. It was founded in 2011 as an offshoot of Haileybury, an independent school in England, following the establishment of Haileybury Almaty in 2008. Haileybury Astana follows the UK school curriculum, and senior school pupils are prepared for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP).  As of today, Haileybury is a full member of FOBISIA.

In 2018, Haileybury Astana opened the IB student centre for Year 12-13 International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) students. Each year the school allocates 10 full scholarships for Year 12 students entering the IBDP.

Haileybury Almaty
Haileybury Almaty commonly known as HBA is an international boarding school in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It is a licensed franchise of Haileybury, an English public school. In September 2008 HBA was officially opened by the Mayor of Almaty and Kazakhstan government education officials. When it opened, it was the first British public school in Central Asia.

As of today, HBA is a full member of the Federation of British International Schools in Asia(FOBISIA).
Dongsheng Subdistrict, Changchun
Dongsheng Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 东盛街道; traditional Chinese: 東盛街道; pinyin: Dōngshèng Jiēdào; lit. 'east flourishing') is a subdistrict of Erdao District, Changchun, People's Republic of China, located east of the Yitong River. As of 2011, it has 6 residential communities (社区) under its administration.

Erdao, Changchun
Erdao District (simplified Chinese: 二道区; traditional Chinese: 二道區; pinyin: Èrdào Qū) is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Changchun, the capital of Jilin Province, Northeast China. It borders Jiutai to the north and east, Shuangyang District to the south, Nanguan District to the southwest, Kuancheng District to the northwest, as well as the prefecture-level city of Jilin to the southeast.
Marzano Appio
Marzano Appio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Naples and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Caserta.

Marzano Appio borders the following municipalities: Caianello, Conca della Campania, Presenzano, Roccamonfina, Tora e Piccilli, Vairano Patenora.

Vairano Patenora
Vairano Patenora is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Naples and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Caserta.
Mount St. Mary High School (Oklahoma)
Mount St. Mary High School is a private, Roman Catholic co-educational high school in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States. It was established in 1903 by the Sisters of Mercy and located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Oklahoma City.

Archdiocese of Oklahoma City
The Archdiocese of Oklahoma City (Latin: Archidioecesis Oclahomensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church of western Oklahoma in the United States. The mother church of the archdiocese is the Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in Oklahoma City.

As of 2024, His Excellency, The Most Reverend, Paul Coakley is archbishop of Oklahoma City. As such, he is the metropolitan bishop of the ecclesiastical province which includes the Archdiocese of Oklahoma City, the Diocese of Tulsa and the Diocese of Little Rock.
Monarchy of Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces
The relationship between the Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces is both constitutional and ceremonial, with the King of Canada being the commander-in-chief of the Canadian Forces and he and other members of the Canadian royal family holding honorary positions in various branches and regiments, embodying the historical relationship of the Crown with its armed forces. This construct stems from Canada's system of constitutional monarchy and through its 500 years of monarchical history, the relationship symbolically represented through royal symbols, such as crowns on military badges and insignia, coats of arms, royal portraits, and the grant of the royal prefix to various military units and institutions. The role of the Canadian sovereign within the Canadian Armed Forces is established within the Canadian constitution, the National Defence Act, and the King's Regulations and Orders (KR&Os) for the Canadian Forces.

Declaration of war by Canada
A declaration of war by Canada is a formal declaration issued by the Government of Canada (the federal Crown-in-Council) indicating that a state of war exists between Canada and another nation. It is an exercise of the royal prerogative on the constitutional advice of the ministers of the Crown in Cabinet and does not require the direct approval of the Parliament of Canada, though such can be sought by the government. Since gaining the authority to declare war as a consequence of the Statute of Westminster, 1931, Canada has done so only during the Second World War.
GeNMR
GeNMR method  (GEnerate NMR structures) is the first fully automated template-based method of protein structure determination that utilizes both NMR chemical shifts and NOE-based distance restraints.

In addition to the template-based approach, the GeNMR webserver also offers an ab initio protein folding mode that starts folding from an extended structure. The GeNMR web server produces an ensemble of PDB coordinates within a period ranging from 20 minutes to 4 hours, depending on protein size, server load, quality and type of experimental information, and selected protocol options. GeNMR webserver is composed of two parts, a front-end web-interface (written in Perl and HTML) and a back-end consisting of eight different alignment, structure generation and structure optimization programs along with three local databases.

CS23D
CS23D is a web server to generate 3D structural models from NMR chemical shifts. CS23D combines maximal fragment assembly with chemical shift threading, de novo structure generation, chemical shift-based torsion angle prediction, and chemical shift refinement. CS23D makes use of RefDB and ShiftX.
Jon Cleary
Jon Stephen Cleary (22 November 1917 – 19 July 2010) was an Australian writer and novelist. He wrote numerous books, including The Sundowners (1951), a portrait of a rural family in the 1920s as they move from one job to the next, and The High Commissioner (1966), the first of a long series of popular detective stories featuring Sydney Police Inspector Scobie Malone. A number of Cleary's works have been the subject of film and television adaptations.

Scobie Malone (film)
Scobie Malone (also known as Helga's Web and Murder at the Opera House) is a 1975 Australian erotic mystery film based on the 1970 novel Helga's Web by Jon Cleary and starring Jack Thompson and Judy Morris.

It was reportedly the first movie to extensively feature the Sydney Opera House.
Isolation (database systems)
In database systems, isolation is one of the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transaction properties. It determines how transaction integrity is visible to other users and systems. A lower isolation level increases the ability of many users to access the same data at the same time, but also increases the number of concurrency effects (such as  dirty reads or lost updates) users might encounter. Conversely, a higher isolation level reduces the types of concurrency effects that users may encounter, but requires more system resources and increases the chances that one transaction will block another.

Multiversion concurrency control
Multiversion concurrency control (MCC or MVCC), is a non-locking concurrency control method commonly used by database management systems to provide concurrent access to the database and in programming languages to implement transactional memory.
Abobo (woreda)
Abwobo is a woreda in Gambela Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Anywaa Zone, Abwobo is bordered on the southeast by the Majang Zone, on the south by Gog, on the southwest by Jor, on the northwest by Itang special woreda, on the north by Gambela Zuria, and on the northeast by the Oromia Region; part of its northern boundary is defined by the Alworo River. The major town in Abwobo is Abwobo.

Gambela Zuria
Gambela Zuria was a woreda in the Gambela Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Anuak Zone, Gambela Zuria is bordered on the south by Abobo, on the west by Itang special woreda, and on the north and east by the Oromia Region. Gambela, which is the capital of the Region, is surrounded by this woreda.

Elevations in Gambela range 400–600 meters above sea level; the high point is Mount Mesengo den Ch'aka. Rivers include the Baro. According to the Atlas of the Ethiopian Rural Economy published by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA), around 20% of the woreda is forest. A notable landmark is the Gambela National Park, which covers the woreda south of the Baro and west of the Gambela - Fugnido road.

Although Gambela Zuria is the most economically developed woreda in the Region, its economy is predominantly agricultural; however, there are no agricultural cooperatives. The estimated road density is reported to be between 20.1 and 30 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers.
Berggasthaus Äscher
The Berggasthaus Äscher (also known as Aescher-Wildkirchli mountain inn) is one of several inns in the Alpstein massif in the Swiss canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden (Schwende-Rüte district). It was built in one of the caves of the Wildkirchli, below the Ebenalp (at 1,640 m above the sea), along the path to Äscher.

Wildkirchli
Wildkirchli (lit. 'Wild Chapel') are three interlinked caves situated in the Alpstein massif in the Appenzell Innerrhoden canton of Switzerland, north-east of Mount Säntis Switzerland. The caves are located at a height of 1,477–1,500 m (4,846–4,921 ft). They are notable for the traces of Paleolithic Neanderthal habitation, dating to c. 40,000 BP, and cave bear bones dating to 90,000–40,000 BP. A museum at the site houses a full bear skeleton that was found in one of the caves.
Trimonoecy
Trimonoecy, also called polygamomonoecy, is when male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers are on the same plant. Trimonoecy is rare.

It is a monomorphic sexual system along with monoecy, gynomonoecy, and andromonoecy. It is hypothesized that trimonoecy originated from  gynomonoecy.

Sexual system
A sexual system is a distribution of male and female functions across organisms in a species. The terms reproductive system and mating system have also been used as synonyms.

Sexual systems play a key role in genetic variation and reproductive success, and may also have led to the origin or extinction of certain species.  In flowering plants and animals, sexual reproduction involves meiosis, an adaptive process for repairing damage in the germline DNA transmitted to progeny. The distinctions between different sexual systems is not always clear due to phenotypic plasticity.

Interest in sexual systems goes back to Charles Darwin, who found that barnacles include some species that are androdioecious and some that are dioecious.
Skjervøy Bridge
The Skjervøy Bridge or Skattørsundet Bridge (Norwegian: Skjervøyabrua / Skattørsundet bru) is a beam bridge in Skjervøy Municipality that crosses the Skattørsundet strait between the islands of Kågen and Skjervøya in Troms county, Norway. The 804-metre-long (2,638 ft) bridge has 40 spans, the longest of which is 32 metres (105 ft). Skjervøy Bridge was opened in 1971. Together with the Maursund Tunnel, it connects the village of Skjervøy to the mainland.

Skjervøy Municipality
Skjervøy Municipality (Norwegian: Skjervøy kommune, Northern Sami: Skiervvá suohkan; Kven: Kieruan komuuni) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Skjervøy on the island of Skjervøya, where most of the inhabitants live. The main industries are fishing, processing of fish and salmon farming. Tourism is an emerging industry. Other villages  in the municipality include Akkarvik and Arnøyhamn.

The 474-square-kilometre (183 sq mi) municipality is the 211th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Skjervøy is the 240th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,794. The municipality's population density is 5.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (15/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3% over the previous 10-year period.