hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stroganov family
The House of Stroganov or Strogonov (Russian: Стро́гановы, Стро́гоновы), French spelling: Stroganoff, was a Russian noble family of highly successful Russian merchants, industrialists, landowners, and statesmen. From the time of Ivan the Terrible (r. 1533–1584) they were the richest businessmen in the Tsardom of Russia. They financed the Russian conquest of Siberia (1580 onwards) and Prince Pozharsky's 1612 reconquest of Moscow from the Poles. The Stroganov school of icon-painting (late 16th and 17th centuries) takes its name from them. The most recent common ancestor of the family was Fyodor Lukich Stroganov (died 1497), a salt industrialist. His elder son, Vladimir, became the founder of a branch whose members eventually became state peasants; this lineage continues. The lineage from Fyodor Lukich Stroganov's youngest son, Anikey (1488–1570), died out in 1923. Anikey's descendants became members of the high Russian nobility under the first Romanovs (tsars from 1613 onwards).

Nevsky Prospect
Nevsky Prospect (Russian: Не́вский проспе́кт, romanized: Nevsky prospekt, IPA: [ˈnʲɛfskʲɪj prɐˈspʲɛkt]) is a main street (high street) located in the federal city of St. Petersburg in Russia. Its name comes from the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, the monastery which stands at the eastern end of the street, and which commemorates the Russian hero Prince Saint Alexander Nevsky (1221–1263). Following his founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703, Tsar Peter I planned the course of the street as the beginning of the road to Novgorod and Moscow. The avenue runs from the Admiralty in the west to the Moscow Railway Station and, after veering slightly southwards at Vosstaniya Square, to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
Qohaito
Qohaito (Tigrinya: ቆሓይቶ) or Koloe was a major ancient city in what is now the Debub region of Eritrea. It was a pre-Aksumite settlement that thrived during the Aksumite period. The city was located over 2,500 meters above sea level, on a high plateau at the edge of the Great Rift Valley, about half way between Aksum and its port of Adulis. As of 2011, Qohaito's stone ruins have yet to be excavated. The ancient port city of Adulis is directly to the north east, while Matara lies to the south.

In 2011, the site was submitted to the 'Tentative List of States Parties' of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Southern region (Eritrea)
The Southern region (Tigrinya: ዞባ ደቡብ, romanized: zoba debub, Arabic: ‎‎‎‎إقليم الجنوبي), is an administrative region of Eritrea. The region was formed on 15 April 1996, from the historical provinces of Seraye and Akele Guzai. It lies along a portion of the national border with Ethiopia. As of 2005, the region had a population of 952,100 compared to a population of 839,700 in 2001. The net growth rate was 11.81 per cent. The total area of the province was 8000.00 km2 and the density was 119.01 persons per km2. The highest point in Eritrea, is Mount Soira 3,018 m (9,902 ft), is located in the region, situated east of Senafe. It shares borders with Central region in the north, Northern Red Sea in the east, Gash Barka in the west and Ethiopia in the south. It is the largest region in the country by population.
Elastic artery
An elastic artery (conducting artery or conduit artery) is an artery with many collagen and  elastin filaments in the tunica media, which gives it the ability to stretch in response to each pulse. This elasticity also gives rise to the Windkessel effect, which helps to maintain a relatively constant pressure in the arteries despite the pulsating nature of the blood flow. Elastic arteries include the largest arteries in the body, those closest to the heart. They give rise to medium-sized vessels known as distributing arteries (or muscular arteries).

The pulmonary arteries, the aorta, and its branches together comprise the body's system of elastic arteries. Other examples include the brachiocephalic artery, common carotid arteries, subclavian artery, and common iliac artery.

Muscular artery
A muscular artery (or distributing artery) is a medium-sized artery that draws blood from an elastic artery and branches into "resistance vessels" including small arteries and arterioles. Their walls contain larger number of smooth muscles, allowing them to contract and expand depending on peripheral blood demand.

This contrasts to the mechanism of elastic arteries, which use their elastic properties to store the energy generated by the heart's contraction for a brief moment (elastic recoil).

Examples of muscular arteries include the radial artery, femoral artery and the splenic artery.

Muscular arteries, along with elastic arteries, are common sites for atherosclerosis.
KXXY-FM
KXXY-FM (96.1 MHz, "96.1 KXY") is a commercial radio station in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.  It airs a classic country radio format.  In its logo, the station omits one of the two Xs in its call sign, calling itself "KXY".

KXXY-FM's studios and offices were located in the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side, in early 2022 iHeartMedia Oklahoma City moved KXXY-FM along with sister stations KGHM, KTOK, KJYO, KTST, KREF-FM, to new state of the art studios located at 6525 N Meridian Ave further up the road on the Northwest side just a few miles west from their former studio home in the 50 Penn Place building. The transmitter is off NE 122nd Street in Oklahoma City, near the John Kilpatrick Turnpike.

50 Penn Place
50 Penn Place is an upscale mixed-use complex in the inner Northwest part of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The galleria-style shopping mall and tower is located at 1900 Northwest Expressway in the Penn Square trade area immediately at Interstate 44 and Northwest Expressway, across from Penn Square Mall near the exclusive suburb of Nichols Hills.

The complex consists of a 16-story office tower, upscale retail shops on three levels 185,000-square-foot (17,200 m2), and a parking structure.

Midland Oak Realty purchased the building from MBL Life Assurance for $15 million in 1997.  The complex was later owned by a Dallas-based capital management company, which bought the building for $25.7 million in 2004, along with 25 tenants-in-common.  A planned sale fell through in 2008.  In March 2011, In-Rel Properties based in Lake Worth, Florida, purchased the building for $15.25 million and invested over $1 million in renovations.
Bili ape
The Bili apes, or Bondo mystery apes, were names given in 2003 in sensational reports in the popular media to a purportedly new species of highly aggressive, giant ape supposedly inhabiting the wetlands and savannah around of the village of Bili in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. "The apes nest on the ground like gorillas, but they have a diet and features characteristic of chimpanzees", according to a 2003 National Geographic article.

Scientists soon determined they were common chimpanzees, and part of a larger contiguous population stretching throughout that part of northern Congo. Genetic testing with non-nuclear DNA in 2003 immediately indicated that it was in fact part of the already described eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii), a subspecies of the common chimpanzee.

Eastern chimpanzee
The eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) is a subspecies of the common chimpanzee. It is native to the Central African Republic, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania.
Palace of Magic
Palace of Magic is a platform game released on 1 November 1987 for the Acorn Electron and BBC Micro by Superior Software. Combining platform elements with problem solving, its gameplay is similar to the earlier Citadel. Both are early examples of the Metroidvania genre.

Superior Interactive
Superior Interactive (formerly known as Superior Software Ltd) is a video game publisher. It was one of the main publishers for the BBC Micro and Acorn Electron computers in the 1980s and early 1990s, and occasionally published software to the Commodore 64, Amiga, ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC. It currently releases games for Microsoft Windows, iOS and Android, mostly updates of its original games.
Stokelake
50°35′42″N 3°37′08″W﻿ / ﻿50.595°N 3.619°W﻿ / 50.595; -3.619

Stokelake Residential School was in Chudleigh, South Devon. It was classed as the senior school of Pitt House School Ltd and the chairman was Mr. M. C. Spedding who was also Chairman of Torquay United Football Club in the early 1960s.

The site was quite extensive, with a main block, dining with TV - cinema room, library, and dormitory block. It had a classroom complex, and large gymnasium as well as its own farm. Stokelake also had an excellent football team.

The school held 120 pupils at any one time. Its parental school was Pitt House, at Torquay, which held a further 180 pupils at any one time, and another school that was owned by Pitt House School Ltd was Rocklands in Newton Abbot.

Stokelake ceased to be a school when it closed down in 1980 and Pitt House School closed down on 15 May 1984.

In 2000, an investigation revealed possible widespread child abuse at Stokelake and other residential schools in Devon.

Chudleigh
Chudleigh (/ˈtʃʌdli/) is an ancient wool town located within the Teignbridge District Council area of Devon, England; it is sited between Newton Abbot and Exeter. The electoral ward with the same name had a population of 5,919 at the 2021 census.

The name Chudleigh is derived from either the Old English cieddalēah meaning 'Ciedda's wood or clearing', or cēodlēah meaning 'bag wood or clearing', probably referring to a hollow.
Viburnum × jackii
Viburnum × jackii (Jack's viburnum) is a viburnum of cultivated origin. It is a hybrid between Viburnum lentago and Viburnum prunifolium. It is a deciduous shrub intermediate between its parents, growing to 8 m tall.

Viburnum prunifolium
Viburnum  prunifolium (known as blackhaw or black haw, blackhaw viburnum, sweet haw, and stag bush) is a species of Viburnum native to eastern North America, from Connecticut west to eastern Kansas, and south to Alabama and Texas.
Habrophora
Habrophora is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in Central America, South America, and the West Indies. It is placed in the tribe Habrophorini with the related genus Psathyrocerus.

Habrophorini
Habrophorini is a tribe of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It was first established in 1969 by Czech entomologists Jan Bechyné and Bohumila Špringlová de Bechyné for two genera, Habrophora and Psathyrocerus. They are distributed in the Neotropical realm.
Garth Williams
Garth Montgomery Williams (April 16, 1912 – May 8, 1996) was an American artist who came to prominence  in the American postwar era as an illustrator of children's books. Many of the books he illustrated have become classics of American children's literature.

In Stuart Little, Charlotte's Web, and in the Little House series of books of Laura Ingalls Wilder, Williams['s] drawings have become inseparable from how we think of those stories. In that respect  ... Williams['s] work belongs in the same class as Sir John Tenniel's drawings for Alice in Wonderland, or Ernest Shepard's illustrations for Winnie the Pooh.

His friendly, fuzzy baby animals populated a dozen Little Golden Books.

Mel Gussow in The New York Times wrote, "He believed that books 'given, or read, to children can have a profound influence!' For that reason, he said, he used his illustrations to try to 'awaken something of importance  ... humor, responsibility, respect for others, interest in the world at large!'"

Margaret Wise Brown
Margaret Wise Brown (May 23, 1910 – November 13, 1952) was an American writer of children's books, including Goodnight Moon (1947) and The Runaway Bunny (1942), both illustrated by Clement Hurd. She has been called "the laureate of the nursery" for her achievements. Besides her real name, she also used the noms-de-plume Golden MacDonald for Doubleday and Company, Timothy Hay for Harper & Brothers and Juniper Sage (her collaboration with Edith Thacher Hurd) for William R. Scott, Inc.
Blindleia
Blindleia is a 20-kilometre (12 mi) long inland waterway in the municipality of Lillesand in Agder county, Norway.  The strait starts in the Gamle Hellesund or Ulvøysund areas in southern Høvåg in the southwest (near Kristiansand) and it continues northeast past the town of Lillesand. It is a salt water fjord passage that is protected from the open sea by an elongated archipelago of skerries and larger islands. There are several narrow gaps as part of the waterway, some of them only 10 metres (33 ft) wide.

Navigation through the passage is detailed but supposedly not difficult—since there are no tides and very little current—with clearly marked buoys and a few lighthouses along the way.

Lillesand
Lillesand (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈlɪ̂lːəsɑn] ⓘ) is municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative center of the municipality is the town of Lillesand. Some of the larger villages in Lillesand municipality include Åkerøyhamn, Brekkestø, Gamle Hellesund, Helldal, Høvåg, Ribe, Skottevik, Trøe, Ulvøysund, and Vesterhus.

The 190-square-kilometre (73 sq mi) municipality is the 306th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Lillesand is the 100th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,419. The municipality's population density is 63.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (164/sq mi) and its population has increased by 13.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Tivetshall St Mary
Tivetshall St Mary is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Tivetshall, in the South Norfolk district in the county of Norfolk, England. It covered an area of 4.65 km2 (1.80 sq mi) and had a population of 302 in 117 households at the 2001 census, the population falling to 298 at the census 2011. On the 1st of April 2019 the parish was merged with Tivetshall St Margaret to form Tivetshall.

The villages name means 'Nook of land'. It has been suggested that the first element may be related to a late northern English dialectical, 'tewhit' meaning 'lapwing'. 'St. Mary' from the church dedication.

South Norfolk
South Norfolk is a local government district in Norfolk, England. The largest town is Wymondham, and the district also includes the towns of Costessey, Diss, Harleston, Hingham, Loddon and Long Stratton. The council was based in Long Stratton until 2023 when it moved to the Broadland Business Park near Norwich, in the neighbouring Broadland district, as part of a shared facility with Broadland District Council. Some of the district's urban areas (including Costessey) form part of the Norwich built-up area. The district also includes numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some eastern parts of the district lie within The Broads.

The neighbouring districts are Breckland, Broadland, Norwich, Great Yarmouth, East Suffolk and Mid Suffolk.
J.C.Staff
J.C.Staff Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ジェー・シー・スタッフ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jē Shī Sutaffu) is a Japanese animation studio founded in January 1986 by Tomoyuki Miyata, who previously worked at Tatsunoko Production. The studio's first release was  Yōtōden in 1987. They have produced several well-known anime series, such as Aria the Scarlet Ammo, Azumanga Daioh, Bakuman, the A Certain Magical Index franchise (including Railgun and Accelerator), Date A Live III, The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edens Zero, The Familiar of Zero, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma, Golden Time, Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon?, Maid Sama!, Mewkledreamy, One-Punch Man season 2 and 3, Revolutionary Girl Utena, Slayers, Shakugan no Shana, The Pet Girl of Sakurasou, and Toradora!.

Aria the Scarlet Ammo
Aria the Scarlet Ammo (Japanese: 緋弾のアリア, Hepburn: Hidan no Aria) is a Japanese light novel series written by Chūgaku Akamatsu and illustrated by Kobuichi. As of December 2025, 44 main volumes have been published by Media Factory under their MF Bunko J label. A manga adaptation by Yoshino Koyoka started serialization in the seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Alive in September 2009. An anime adaptation aired between April and June 2011. An original video animation (OVA) episode was released on December 21, 2011. A spin-off manga titled Aria the Scarlet Ammo AA by Shogako Tachibana was serialized in Square Enix's Young Gangan magazine from November 2010 to May 2018, with an anime adaptation by Doga Kobo airing between October and December 2015.
Chr. Salvesen & Chr. Thams's Communications Aktieselskab
Chr. Salvesen & Chr. Thams's Communications Aktieselskab, Salvesen & Thams, Comms. AS or S&T is a Norwegian company based at Løkken Verk in Meldal Municipality that was responsible for electricity production and railway operation for Løkken Mine operated by the Orkla Mining Company. After the mine closed in 1987 it has been turned into a development company to try to create new jobs at Løkken.

Elkem Thamshavn
Elkem Thamshavn is a smelting plant owned by Elkem located at Thamshavn just north of Orkanger in Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The plant produces silicon and microsilica and was started in 1931.
Ganymede Heights
The Ganymede Heights consist of rounded ridges with extensive rock outcrops rising to about 600 m (2,000 ft), between Jupiter Glacier and Ablation Valley on the eastern side of Alexander Island, Antarctica. They were mapped by the Directorate of Overseas Surveys from satellite imagery supplied by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration in cooperation with the US Geological Survey. They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee from association with Jupiter Glacier after Ganymede, one of the satellites of the planet Jupiter. The feature also lies close to the Galileo Cliffs, which were named for the moon's discoverer, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642). The site lies within Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No.147.

Ablation Point – Ganymede Heights Antarctic Specially Protected Area
The Ablation Point – Ganymede Heights Antarctic Specially Protected Area is a 180 km2 mountainous tract of land on the eastern side of Alexander Island in the Bellinghausen Sea, west of Palmer Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. It has been designated Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No.147 for its geological, geomorphological, glaciological, limnological, and ecological values, and to protect its terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems from uncontrolled human visitation and activity.
Richard Hawkins (bishop)
Richard Stephen Hawkins (born 2 April 1939) is a bishop in the Church of England and currently a chapter canon of Exeter Cathedral.

Hawkins was educated at Exeter College, Oxford, and trained for ordination at St Stephen's House, Oxford. He was a team vicar in rural Devon and Exeter in his early ministry. He was then Archdeacon of Totnes before being ordained to the episcopate as the suffragan Bishop of Plymouth in the Diocese of Exeter. He was later translated to Crediton in the same diocese.

Hawkins' father, John Hawkins, was the Archdeacon of Totnes from 1962 until his death in 1965.

John Hawkins (archdeacon of Totnes)
John Stanley Hawkins  (30 June 1903 – 23 August 1965) was an  Anglican priest: the Archdeacon of Totnes from 1962 until his death.

He was educated at St Chad's College and ordained in 1933. He began his career as a Curate at St Stephen's, Liverpool, after which he was Rector of Dalwallinu then South Perth, Western Australia. During World War II he was a chaplain in the RAAF. Returning to England he was a Curate at Wolborough then Vicar of Withycombe Raleigh.

His son Richard became Bishop of Crediton.
Delbrück scattering
Delbrück scattering, the deflection of high-energy photons in the Coulomb field of nuclei as a consequence of vacuum polarization, was observed in 1975. The related process of the scattering of light by light, also a consequence of vacuum polarization, was not observed until 1998. In both cases, it is a process described by quantum electrodynamics.

Two-photon physics
Two-photon physics, also called gamma–gamma physics, is a branch of particle physics that describes the interactions between two photons. Normally, beams of light pass through each other unperturbed. Inside an optical material, and if the intensity of the beams is high enough, the beams may affect each other through a variety of non-linear optical effects. In pure vacuum, some weak scattering of light by light exists as well. Also, above some threshold of this center-of-mass energy of the system of the two photons, matter can be created.
Orrin H. Ingram II
Orrin H. Ingram II (born July 5, 1960) is an American heir, businessman, philanthropist and polo player. He is the chief executive officer (CEO) of Ingram Industries and the chairman of Ingram Barge Company.

Ingram Industries
Ingram Industries is a manufacturing company headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The company consists of diversified businesses in marine transportation aggregate supply, book distribution, print on demand book manufacturing, management and distribution services. Ingram's businesses are divided into two units: Ingram Marine Group and Ingram Content Group.
HMS Rorqual (N74)
HMS Rorqual (N74) was a British mine-laying submarine, one of the six ships of the Grampus class of the Royal Navy. She was built by Vickers Armstrong, Barrow and launched 27 July 1936. She served in the Second World War in the Mediterranean and in the far east.  She was the only Grampus-class submarine to survive the war, and she is considered the most successful minelaying submarine of World War II, sinking 57,704 GRT of enemy shipping, 35,951 of which through her mines.

Grampus-class submarine
The Grampus-class submarines were a group of minelaying submarines built for the Royal Navy  in the late 1930s. These boats are sometimes referred to as the Porpoise class from the single prototype, HMS Porpoise built in 1932. Five boats to a modified design were built between 1936 and 1938. The ships were all named after marine mammals.
James F. Reilly
James Francis Reilly II (born March 18, 1954) is an American geologist, retired astronaut, and honorary United States Marshal who served as the 17th director of the U.S. Geological Survey from 2018 to 2021. He flew on three Space Shuttle missions with the NASA Astronaut Corps: STS-89, STS-104 and STS-117.

Director of the U.S. Geological Survey
The director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is responsible for direction and leadership of the agency. Within the director's office are the deputy director, who assists the director in coordination of the USGS; and eight associate directors, each overseeing a particular program, who report to the director. The director is typically sworn in by the Secretary of the Interior—for example, Bruce Babbitt swore in Charles Groat, and Deb Haaland swore in David Applegate.
Dulwich Hamlet F.C.
Dulwich Hamlet Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in East Dulwich in south-east London, England. They are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at Champion Hill.

East Dulwich
East Dulwich is an area of South East London, England in the London Borough of Southwark. It forms the eastern part of Dulwich, with Peckham to the east and Camberwell to the north. East Dulwich is home to the Dog Kennel Hill statue. This South London suburb was first developed in the nineteenth century on land owned by the College of God's Gift.

It was originally part of the much larger, historic parish of Camberwell, which later became the Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell, and included Camberwell, Peckham, Dulwich, Nunhead, and other London districts.