hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (Sanskrit: बृहदारण्यकोपनिषद्, IAST: Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣad) is one of the Principal Upanishads and one of the first Upanishadic scriptures of Hinduism. A key scripture to various schools of Hinduism, the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is tenth in the Muktikā or "canon of 108 Upanishads".

The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is estimated to have been composed about 7th–6th century BCE, excluding some parts estimated to have been composed after the Chandogya Upanishad. The Sanskrit language text is contained within the Shatapatha Brahmana, which is itself a part of the Shukla Yajur Veda.
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is a treatise on Ātman (Self), includes passages on metaphysics, ethics, and a yearning for knowledge that influenced various Indian religions, ancient and medieval scholars, and attracted secondary works such as those by Adi Shankara and Madhvacharya.

Dāna
Dāna (Devanagari: दानम्, IAST: Dāna) is a Sanskrit and Pali word that connotes the virtue of generosity, charity or giving of alms, in Indian religions and philosophies.: 634–661

In Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, dāna is the practice of cultivating generosity. It can take the form of giving to an individual in distress or need, or of philanthropic public projects that empower and help many.

Dāna is an ancient practice in Indian traditions, tracing back to Vedic traditions.
Roter Kamm crater
Roter Kamm (German: Red Ridge) is a meteorite crater, located in the Sperrgebiet, within the Namibian section of the Namib Desert, approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Oranjemund and 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southwest of Aurus Mountain in the ǁKaras Region. The crater is 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) in diameter and is 130 metres (430 ft) deep. The age is estimated at 4.81 ± 0.5 Ma, placing it in the Pliocene. The crater is exposed at the surface, but its original floor is covered by sand deposits at least 100 metres (330 ft) thick.

Aurus Mountain
Aurus is a mountain at the eastern border of the Diamond Restricted Area also called Sperrgebiet, in the southwestern part of Namibia. It reaches a height of 1,050 m. Its expansion is about 5 km × 4 km.

The meteor crater Roter Kamm is located in a distance of 12 km south-southwest of Aurus. The crater can also be seen well on satellite images.

35 and 55 km southeast of the Aurus Mountain zinc is mined in both the Skorpion and the Rosh Pinah mine.

Several places of the mountain range are covered with sand which is blown over by sandstorms. The average yearly rainfall in this area of the Namib amounts to just a few millimeters.

The bushes to be found in the mountains just survive because of the mist, which sometimes is formed above the cold Atlantic and then during daytime drifts far into the desert. The few camel thorn trees take their water from deep underground accumulations.
Climbing mantella
The climbing mantella (Mantella laevigata) is a species of diurnal poison frog of the genus Mantella that resides in the subtropical regions of northeast Madagascar. Although it spends a significant amount of time in trees or bamboo forests, this frog species is not fully arboreal and actively seeks areas with a water source.

Like others in the Mantella genus, the climbing mantella has aposematic coloration, which warns predators of its toxic secretions. The lipophilic alkaloids, the building blocks of the poison, are derived from dietary arthropods. The climbing mantella consumes a variety of small insects, and its diet changes dramatically with varying seasons.

Climbing mantella engage in unique reproductive behaviors that revolve around arboreal oviposition sites. Males compete with one another over the shallow pools of water where females lay their eggs. Climbing mantella exhibit a high degree of parental care, which is unusual among frogs.

Mantella
Mantella (also known as golden frogs or Malagasy poison frogs) are a prominent genus of aposematic frogs in the family Mantellidae, endemic to the island of Madagascar. Members of Mantella are diurnal and terrestrial, with bright aposematic coloration or cryptic markings.
22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit
The 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit (22nd MEU) is one of seven such units currently in existence in the United States Marine Corps. It is a Marine Air Ground Task Force with a strength of about 2,200 personnel. They are currently based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina and fall under the command of the II Marine Expeditionary Force. It is the most decorated of the U.S. Marine Corps' seven MEUs.

VMM-263
Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 263 (VMM-263) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft. The squadron, known as the "Thunder Chickens", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).
Sir Hugh Bell, 2nd Baronet
Sir Thomas Hugh Bell, 2nd Baronet, CB, JP, DL, FSA (10 February 1844 – 29 June 1931) was an English industrialist, landowner, Justice of the Peace, and administrator. A Deputy Lieutenant of County Durham, he was High Sheriff of Durham in 1895 and Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire from 1906 to 1931. He joined his family firm, Bell Brothers, and became director of its steelworks at Middlesbrough.

High Sheriff of Durham
This is a list of the high sheriffs of County Durham, England.

In most counties the high sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. In the Palatinate of Durham the officeholder was appointed by and was accountable to the Bishop of Durham until 1836 when the Crown claimed authority. The High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. The High Sheriff changes every March.
Maui County, Hawaii
Maui County (Hawaiian: Kalana ʻo Maui), officially the County of Maui, is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It consists of the islands of Maui, Lānaʻi, Molokaʻi (except for a portion of Molokaʻi that comprises Kalawao County), Kahoʻolawe, and Molokini. The latter two are uninhabited. As of the 2020 census, the population was 164,754. The county seat is Wailuku.

Maui County is included in the Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Hawaii Route 377
Route 377 is a 9.2-mile-long (14.8 km) road on the island of Maui in Hawaii. The route starts and ends at Route 37, and is signed Haleakalā Highway for the northernmost six miles (9.7 km), and Kekaulike Avenue for the rest, as the Haleakalā highway continues on Hawaii Route 378.
Hubbardston, Michigan
Hubbardston is a village in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is mostly in North Plains Township in Ionia County, and partially in Lebanon Township in Clinton County. As of the 2020 census, Hubbardston had a population of 369.

Ionia County, Michigan
Ionia County (/aɪˈoʊnjə/ eye-OH-nyə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,804. The county seat is Ionia. The Ionia County Courthouse was designed by Claire Allen, a prominent southern Michigan architect.

Ionia County is part of the Grand Rapids-Kentwood metropolitan statistical area.
Adventure, Guyana
07°05′N 58°29′W﻿ / ﻿7.083°N 58.483°W﻿ / 7.083; -58.483

Adventure is a village located in the Pomeroon-Supenaam Region of Guyana, on the Atlantic coast, at sea level, one mile south of Onderneeming.

Region 5 and 6 both also have villages called 'Adventure' in the 2012 census.

It is a riverine settlement at the mouth of the Essequibo River, and was linked to Wakenaam and Parika by the terminal of ferry service. It is connected by road to the West Coast of Demerara, and to the city of Georgetown via the Demerara Harbour Bridge. It had a night spot, bar and hotel for passengers until  the closure of the stelling and opening of a new stelling in Supenaam in 2011.

Adventure has a nursery school, mosque, a temple and a supermarket. For primary school, student attend in neighboring villages such as Onderneeming or Suddie.

The community is referenced in Gerald Durrell's book, Three Singles to Adventure.

Supenaam
Supenaam is a port village located in the Pomeroon-Supenaam region of Guyana. Supenaam is home to the ferry across the Essequibo River to Parika. The ferry is the main link between the western half of Guyana and the eastern half.
Uintah tribe
The Uintah tribe (Uintah Núuchi, Yoowetum, Yoovwetuh, Uinta-at, later called Tavaputs), once a small band of the Ute people, and now is a tribe of multiple bands of Utes that were classified as Uintahs by the U.S. government when they were relocated to the Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation. The bands included the San Pitch, Pahvant, Seuvartis, Timpanogos and Cumumba Utes.

Uintahs lived between Utah Lake to the Uintah Basin of the Tavaputs Plateau near the Grand-Colorado River-system.

Cumumba
Cumumba (also called Weber Utes and Cumumba Utes) is a Native American tribe of mixed Shoshone and Ute heritage who lived above Great Salt Lake, near what is now Ogden, Utah. Cumumbas were classified as members of the Uintah tribe by the U.S. government when they were relocated to the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation.
Seydou Doumbia
Seydou Doumbia (French pronunciation: [sɛdu dumbja]; born 31 December 1982) is an Ivorian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

After beginning his career in the Ivory Coast and Japan, he arrived in Europe in 2008 to play for Swiss club Young Boys, where he was the top scorer and player of the year in the Swiss Super League in both of his seasons. In 2010, he signed for CSKA Moscow for a reported fee of €15 million, where he won six domestic honours and was twice the Russian Premier League's top scorer. He was transferred to Roma in 2015, and spent much of his tenure out on loan, including the 2016–17 season at Basel, where he won the league, Swiss Cup and was top scorer for a third time.

Doumbia made his international debut for the Ivory Coast in 2008. He was part of their squads at the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the Africa Cup of Nations in 2012 and 2015, winning the latter tournament.

2008–09 Swiss Super League
The 2008–09 Swiss Super League was the 112th season of top-tier football in Switzerland. The competition was officially named AXPO Super League due to sponsoring purposes. It began on 18 July 2008 with a match between Young Boys Bern and reigning champions FC Basel, which the latter won by 2–1. The last matches were played in May 2009.
Clovis East High School
Clovis East High School is a four-year public high school of Clovis Unified School District located in Clovis, California, United States. It is home to the Timberwolves. It was built in 2000, but first welcomed students in 1999, sharing a campus with Reyburn Intermediate School.

It was named a California Distinguished School in 2007, and was named a Blue Ribbon School in 2008.

Clovis Unified School District
Clovis Unified School District is a public school system located in Clovis, California, with its headquarters located at 1450, Herndon Avenue, Clovis.  Its 49 schools serve a student population of nearly 43,000 students in a geographic area covering about 198 sq mi (510 km2). The district includes almost all of the City of Clovis along with a portion of the City of Fresno, extending to the community of Friant and some of unincorporated eastern Fresno County. It additionally includes Tarpey Village, Fort Washington, and most of Millerton.

A new educational center has broken ground in October, 2023. It will include three new schools: Clovis South High School, Phillip V. Sanchez Intermediate, and an unnamed elementary school. The new educational center will have a phased opening starting in Fall 2025.

It is one of the few non-union school districts in California, unlike the nearby Sanger and Fresno school districts.

The current superintendent is Corrine Folmer, Ed.D.
Gaudeamus International Composers Award
The Gaudeamus International Composers Award is made by the Gaudeamus Foundation. The prize is awarded yearly, to a young composer at Dutch music concert, Gaudeamus Muziekweek.

The Gaudeamus Foundation had held an annual music week of Dutch compositions since 1947, alternating with an international competition until 1959, from which time they became fully international.

Gaudeamus Foundation
The Gaudeamus Foundation and Contemporary Music Center organizes and promotes contemporary musical activities and concerts in the Netherlands and abroad. It focuses on supporting the career development of young composers and musicians, particularly Dutch, through its library facilities, contacts with international organizations, and its own activities. Gaudeamus was founded at Bilthoven, the Netherlands, in 1945 by Walter A. F. Maas, a Jewish immigrant from Mainz. It was originally headquartered in the Huize Gaudeamus, a villa built in the shape of a grand piano by the composer Julius Röntgen, also an immigrant from Germany but two generations older. Although in 2008 the Gaudeamus Foundation was incorporated into the Muziek Centrum Nederland, as from 2011 it continues to operate independently.
Jimmy Owens (musician)
Jimmy Owens (born December 9, 1943) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, arranger, lecturer, and educator. He has played with Lionel Hampton, Charles Mingus, Hank Crawford, Dizzy Gillespie, Count Basie, Herbie Mann, among many others. Since 1969, he has led his own group, Jimmy Owens Plus.

Billy Taylor
Billy Taylor (July 24, 1921 – December 28, 2010) was an American jazz pianist, composer, broadcaster and educator. He was the Robert L. Jones Distinguished Professor of Music at East Carolina University in Greenville, and from 1994 was the artistic director for jazz at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C.

A jazz activist, Taylor sat on the Honorary Founders Board of The Jazz Foundation of America, an organisation he founded in 1989, with Ann Ruckert, Herb Storfer and Phoebe Jacobs, to save the homes and the lives of America's elderly jazz and blues musicians, later including musicians who survived Hurricane Katrina.

Taylor was a jazz educator, who lectured in colleges, served on panels and travelled worldwide as a jazz ambassador. Critic Leonard Feather once said, "It is almost indisputable that Dr. Billy Taylor is the world's foremost spokesman for jazz."
Irvington, Portland, Oregon
Irvington is a neighborhood in the Northeast section of Portland, Oregon.  According to the city's Office of Community and Civic Life, it consists of a rectangular area extending east to west from NE 7th Ave. to NE 26th Ave., and north to south from NE Fremont St. to NE Broadway.  It borders the King, Sabin, and Alameda neighborhoods to the north; Alameda and Grant Park to the east; Sullivan's Gulch and the Lloyd District to the south; and Eliot to the west.  (The Sabin and Alameda neighborhoods extend into the northeastern part of Irvington, creating two areas of overlap.)

The neighborhood is distinguished by a number of large stately homes, often positioned on multiple or oversized lots.  The Irvington Community Association funds its activities by holding a well-attended tour of these homes each spring.

Lloyd District, Portland, Oregon
The Lloyd District is a primarily commercial neighborhood in the North and Northeast sections of Portland, Oregon, United States.  It is named after Ralph Bramel Lloyd (1875–1953), a California rancher, oilman, and real estate developer who moved to and was an early commercial developer for the area in 1905.
Kh-29
The Kh-29 (Russian: Х-29; NATO: AS-14 'Kedge'; GRAU: 9M721) is a Soviet air-to-surface missile with a range of 10–30 km. It has a large warhead of 320 kg, has a choice of laser, infrared, active radar or TV guidance, and is typically carried by tactical aircraft such as the Su-24, Su-30, MiG-29K as well as the Su-25, giving these aircraft an expanded standoff capability.

The Kh-29 is intended for primary use against larger battlefield targets and infrastructure such as industrial buildings, depots and bridges, but can also be used against ships up to 10,000 tonnes, hardened aircraft shelters and concrete runways.

Sukhoi Su-17
The Sukhoi Su-17 (izdeliye S-32; NATO reporting name: Fitter) is a variable-sweep wing fighter-bomber developed for the Soviet military. Developed from the Sukhoi Su-7, the Su-17 was the first variable-sweep wing aircraft to enter Soviet service and featured updated avionics. The aircraft also has variants which were designed for export such as the Sukhoi Su-22 and the less popular Su-20.

It was produced from 1967 to 1990. The Su-17/20/22 series had a long career and has been operated by many air forces, including those of the Soviet Union and other members of the Warsaw Pact, countries in the Arab world, Angola and Peru.

Although the Su-17 was capable of carrying nuclear weapons, it was used in roles ranging from close-air support to ground attack.
Raphael (crater)
Raphael is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976, and is named for the Italian painter Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino).  It is Tolstojan in age.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Unlike other Mercurian craters of similar size, Raphael is not multi-ringed.

The crater Flaiano lies just south of the center of Raphael.

There is also a high-albedo area east of Flaiano, that is associated with irregular depressions.  The area was named Madu Facula by the IAU in 2023.  The depressions are similar to those within Navoi, Lermontov, Scarlatti, and Praxiteles.  The depressions resemble those associated with volcanic explosions.

Flaiano (crater)
Flaiano is a crater on Mercury. It has a diameter of 43 kilometres (27 miles). Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) on March 15, 2013. Flaiano is named for the Italian writer Ennio Flaiano.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Hollows are present in the northeast quadrant of Flaiano.

Flaiano lies near the center of the Raphael basin, and is adjacent to an area of high albedo named Madu Facula by the IAU in 2023.
Leonard Nitz
Leonard Harvey Nitz (born September 30, 1956) is a retired track cyclist from the United States. He won the silver medal in the 4000m team pursuit and bronze in the 4000m individual pursuit at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.  Nitz was the bronze medalist in the Amateur Points Race at the 1986 UCI Track Cycling World Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado. He is the coach of cyclist James Hibbard.

James Hibbard
James Hamilton Hibbard (born October 19, 1981 in Palo Alto, California) is an American road racing cyclist who competed for the Shaklee and HealthNet p/b Maxxis professional cycling Teams. He began racing at the Hellyer Park Velodrome in San Jose, California, as a junior in 1995, and competed through 2005.

After retiring from the sport, he turned to writing and his memoir, "The Art of Cycling: Philosophy, Meaning, and a Life on Two Wheels" was published in 2021.

His second book is slated to published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in North America in 2027.
Viscount Melville Sound
Viscount Melville Sound, formerly Melville Sound, is an arm of the Arctic Ocean in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut and the Inuvik Region, Northwest Territories, Canada. Forming part of the Parry Channel, it separates Victoria Island and Prince of Wales Island from the Queen Elizabeth Islands. East of the sound, via Barrow Strait, lies Lancaster Sound, leading into Baffin Bay; westward lies the M'Clure Strait and the Arctic Ocean / Beaufort Sea. The sound is a part of the Northwest Passage.

In 1854, Edward Belcher abandoned his ship, HMS Resolute, in the sound while searching for Sir John Franklin and his lost expedition. In 1855 HMS Resolute was found drifting off Baffin Island, and was later ceremonially returned to Queen Victoria.

Victoria Island
Victoria Island (Inuinnaqtun: Kitlineq) is a large island in the Arctic Archipelago that straddles the boundary between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is the eighth-largest island in the world, and at 217,291 km2 (83,897 sq mi)1 in area, it is Canada's second-largest island. It is nearly double the size of Newfoundland (111,390 km2 [43,010 sq mi]), and is slightly larger than the island of Great Britain (209,331 km2 [80,823 sq mi]) but smaller than Honshu (225,800 km2 [87,200 sq mi]). The western third of the island lies in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories; the remainder is part of Nunavut's Kitikmeot Region. The population of 2,168 is divided between two settlements, the larger of which is Cambridge Bay (Nunavut) and the other Ulukhaktok (Northwest Territories).

The island is named after Queen Victoria, the British sovereign from 1837 to 1901. The features bearing the name "Prince Albert" are named after her consort, Albert.
Janusz Brzozowski (computer scientist)
Janusz (John) Antoni Brzozowski (May 10, 1935 – October 24, 2019) was a Polish-Canadian computer scientist and Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Waterloo's David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science.

In 1962, Brzozowski earned his PhD in the field of electrical engineering at Princeton University under Edward J. McCluskey. The topic of the thesis was Regular Expression Techniques for Sequential Circuits. From 1967 to 1996 he was Professor at the University of Waterloo. He is known for his contributions to mathematical logic, circuit theory, and automata theory.

Brzozowski derivative
In theoretical computer science, particularly in formal language theory, the Brzozowski derivative  of a set  of strings and a string  is the set of all strings obtainable from a string in  by cutting off the prefix . Formally:

.

For example,

The Brzozowski derivative was introduced under various different names since the late 1950s.
Today it is named after the computer scientist Janusz Brzozowski who investigated its properties and gave an algorithm to compute the derivative of a generalized regular expression.
West Burton, North Yorkshire
West Burton is a village in Bishopdale, a side valley of Wensleydale, in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England. It lies 6.2 miles (10 km) south-west of Leyburn and 22.3 miles (35.9 km) west of the county town of Northallerton. It is the largest settlement in the civil parish of Burton-cum-Walden.

Wensleydale
Wensleydale is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines. The dale is named after the village of Wensley, formerly the valley's market town. The principal river of the valley is the Ure, which is the source of the alternative name Yoredale. The majority of the dale is within the Yorkshire Dales National Park; the part below East Witton is within the national landscape of Nidderdale.

Addlebrough, at 481 metres (1,578 feet), dominates the landscape of the upper dale, and Penhill, at 526 metres (1,726 feet), is prominent in the lower dale. The dale lends its name to the Yoredale Group of Carboniferous rocks. The dale is famous for its cheese, with the main commercial production at Hawes.