hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oxalis oregana
Oxalis oregana, known as redwood sorrel or Oregon oxalis, is a species of the wood sorrel family, Oxalidaceae, in the genus Oxalis native to moist Douglas-fir and coast redwood forests of western North America from southwestern British Columbia to Washington, Oregon, and northern California. The species is now recognized as distinct from Oxalis smalliana, with which it was previously conflated.

Oxalis
Oxalis (UK: /ɒksɑːlɪs/ ok-SAH-liss, US: /ˈɒksəlɪs/ OK-sə-liss) is a large genus of flowering plants in the wood-sorrel family, Oxalidaceae, comprising over 550 species. The genus occurs throughout most of the world, except for the polar areas; species diversity is particularly rich in tropical Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa.

Many of the species are known as wood-sorrels (also as wood sorrels or woodsorrels) as they have an acidic taste reminiscent of the sorrel proper (Rumex acetosa), which is not closely related. Some species are called yellow sorrels or pink sorrels after the colour of their flowers instead. Other species are colloquially known as false shamrocks, and some called sourgrasses. For the genus as a whole, the term oxalises is also used. Many plants in this genus contain oxalic acid; the acid being named after the genus Oxalis.
Catron County, New Mexico
Catron County is a county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,579, making it New Mexico's third-least populous county. Its county seat is Reserve. Catron County is New Mexico's largest county by area.

Glenwood, New Mexico
Glenwood is a census-designated place in Catron County, New Mexico, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 143. The area was founded in 1878 as Bush Ranch. Located near the San Francisco River, Glenwood is 61 miles (98 km) northwest of Silver City on U.S. Route 180, and is 38 miles (61 km) south of Reserve.
Bangla, Nepal
Wangla is a Market Center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Wangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census, the town had a population of 5,142 living in 1,033 houses. At the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 5,380, of which 66% was literate.

Kimadanda
Kimadanda is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of Western Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Kimadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census, the town had a population of 5,430 living in 1,085 houses. At  the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 3,514, of which 53% was literate.
Broad Water
Broad Water, or Broadwater (Welsh: Aber Dysynni) is a salt water lagoon near Tywyn, Wales formed from the silted up estuary of the River Dysynni. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the estuary was used by the shipbuilding industry, as small sailing ships were launched to carry peat from the local peat bogs. This industry was abandoned in the nineteenth century when the estuary became too silted up, forming the lagoon. The outflow of the lagoon flows beneath a railway bridge before entering Cardigan Bay.

The area is a haven for many wetland birds, and it has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest.

Tywyn
Tywyn (/ˈtaʊ.ɪn/; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈtəu̯ɨn]), formerly spelled Towyn, is a town, community, and seaside resort on the Cardigan Bay coast of southern Gwynedd, Wales. It was previously in the historic county of Merionethshire. It is famous as the location of the Cadfan Stone, a stone cross with the earliest known example of written Welsh, and the home of the Talyllyn Railway.
Correlation sum
In chaos theory, the correlation sum is the estimator of the correlation integral, which reflects the mean probability that the states at two different times are close:

where  is the number of considered states ,  is a threshold distance,  a norm (e.g. Euclidean norm) and  the Heaviside step function. If only a time series is available, the phase space can be reconstructed by using a time delay embedding (see Takens' theorem):

where  is the time series,  the embedding dimension and  the time delay.

The correlation sum is used to estimate the correlation dimension.

Correlation integral
In chaos theory, the correlation integral is the mean probability that the states at two different times are close:

where  is the number of considered states ,  is a threshold distance,  a norm (e.g. Euclidean norm) and  the Heaviside step function. If only a time series is available, the phase space can be reconstructed by using a time delay embedding (see Takens' theorem):

where  is the time series,  the embedding dimension and  the time delay.

The correlation integral is used to estimate the correlation dimension.

An estimator of the correlation integral is the correlation sum:
Tregaron Estate
"Tregaron Estate," formerly known as "The Causeway," is a country house and estate located in the Cleveland Park neighborhood of Northwest, Washington, D.C.
The estate, built in 1912, was designed by architect Charles Adams Platt and landscape architect Ellen Biddle Shipman.
The original owners, Alice and James Parmelee, lived at the estate from the time of its construction until 1940.
From 1942 to 1958, it was occupied by Joseph E. Davies, who had served as United States ambassador to several countries, and his second wife, Post Cereal Company heiress Marjorie Merriweather Post.
Today the estate is occupied by a campus of the Washington International School and the Tregaron Conservancy.

Cleveland Park
Cleveland Park is a residential neighborhood in the Northwest quadrant of Washington, D.C.
It is located at  and bounded approximately by Rock Creek Park to the east, Wisconsin and Idaho Avenues to the west, Klingle and Woodley Roads to the south, and Rodman and Tilden Streets to the north. Its main commercial corridor lies along Connecticut Avenue NW, where the eponymous Cleveland Park station of the Washington Metro's Red Line can be found; another commercial corridor lies along Wisconsin Avenue. The neighborhood is known for its many late 19th century homes and the historic Art Deco Uptown Theater. It is also home to the William L. Slayton House and the Park and Shop, built in 1930 and one of the earliest strip malls.

It is named after Grover Cleveland, who owned property in the area.
Ulcat Row
Ulcat Row (also Ulcatrow) is a village in the civil parish of Matterdale, in the Westmorland and Furness district, in the county of Cumbria, England. In the 2011 census, the parish had 483 residents, roughly an 8% decrease from 526 residents in 2001. Ulcat Row is located approximately eight miles south west of Penrith. The name originally meant "Owl Cottage Corner".

Matterdale
Matterdale is a civil parish in the Lake District of Cumbria, England.  It lies on the northern shore of Ullswater.  The parish includes the settlements of Dockray,  Matterdale End, Ulcat row, Watermillock and Wreay.  It had a population of 526 in 2001, reducing to 483 at the 2011 Census.

Much of the parish consists of moorland and fells, including Hart Side, Gowbarrow Fell and Little Mell Fell.  The "Three Dodds" (Stybarrow Dodd, Watson's Dodd and Great Dodd) lie on the western boundary of the parish.  The western part of the parish is drained by Aira Beck, which falls over Aira Force to enter Ullswater.  The parish is the setting for James Rebank's 2015 autobiographical book The Shepherd's Life.
Canthigaster sanctaehelenae
Canthigaster sanctaehelenae, known as the St. Helena sharpnose pufferfish, is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is native to the Southeast Atlantic, where it is known only from the islands of St. Helena and Ascension. It is a reef-associated species that occurs in tidal pools and rocky areas at depths of 50 m (164 ft) or less. Adults of the species are usually seen in pairs. It reaches 6.7 cm (2.6 inches) SL. It differs from other Atlantic Canthigaster species in patterning, with neither longitudinal dark stripes on the body or caudal peduncle nor a conspicuous dark spot on the dorsum.

Canthigaster
Canthigaster (from Ancient Greek κανθός (canthós), meaning "corner of the eye", and γαστήρ (gastḗr), meaning "belly") is a genus in the pufferfish family (Tetraodontidae). A fish from this genus is sometimes referred to as a "toby" (a generally accepted name that originated in Australia) or a "sharpnose puffer".
New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.

Statue of Liberty National Monument
The Statue of Liberty National Monument is a United States national monument comprising Liberty Island and Ellis Island in the states of New Jersey and New York. It includes the 1886 Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World) by sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and the Statue of Liberty Museum, both situated on Liberty Island, as well as the former immigration station at Ellis Island, which includes the Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital.

The monument is managed by the National Park Service as part of the National Parks of New York Harbor office.
Richard Walsh (English politician)
Sir Richard Walsh was an English politician who served as High Sheriff of Worcestershire and is noted for his role in defeating Robert Catesby's remaining followers at Holbeche House following the failure of the Gunpowder Plot. He came from Shelsley Walsh.

High Sheriff of Worcestershire
This is a list of sheriffs and since 1998 high sheriffs of Worcestershire.

The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown.  Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial. Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as Sheriff was retitled High Sheriff.

Under the same act Herefordshire and Worcestershire were merged to form the new county of Hereford and Worcester, therefore the office of Sheriff of Worcestershire was replaced by that of High Sheriff of Hereford and Worcester. However, in 1998 the new county was dissolved, restoring Herefordshire and Worcestershire and creating the offices of High Sheriff of Herefordshire and High Sheriff of Worcestershire.
La Dura Dura
La Dura Dura is a 50-metre (160 ft) sport climbing route on the multi-coloured limestone cliffs known as the Contrafort de Rumbau, which are part of the Roc de Rumbau mountain, that lies in Oliana, Spain. The route was bolted and developed by American climber Chris Sharma in 2009 who had almost given up believing he could climb it until a collaboration with Czech climber Adam Ondra led to Ondra climbing the route on 7 February 2013, followed by Sharma on 23 March 2013.

La Dura Dura became one of the first rock climbs in the world to achieve a grade of 9b+ (5.15c), and was the first consensus grade at that level (i.e. more than one climber agreed to it).  The route has not been repeated since Ondra's and Sharma's 2013 ascents.  Being two of the leading rock climbers in the world at that time, their unique collaboration was widely followed in the climbing media; it is an important route in rock climbing history.  The cliff was badly damaged by a fire in 2022.

Silence (climb)
Silence (also Project Hard), is a 45-metre (148 ft) severely overhanging sport climbing route in the granite Hanshelleren Cave in Flatanger Municipality, Norway. When Czech climber Adam Ondra made the first free ascent on 3 September 2017, it became the first rock climb in the world to have a proposed climbing grade of 9c (5.15d), and it is an important route in rock climbing history. To complete the route, Ondra undertook specialist physical and mental training to overcome its severely overhanging terrain. As of February 2026, Silence remains unrepeated.
Limido Comasco
Limido Comasco (locally Limed [ˈliːmet] or Limid [ˈliːmit]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,579 and an area of 4.5 km².

The municipality of Limido Comasco contains the frazione (subdivision) Cascina Restelli.

Limido Comasco borders the following municipalities: Cislago, Fenegrò, Lurago Marinone, Mozzate, Turate.

Lurago Marinone
Lurago Marinone (Comasco: Lüragh [lyˈraːk]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy. The comune is located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Como.

Lurago Marinone borders the following municipalities: Appiano Gentile, Carbonate, Fenegrò, Limido Comasco, Mozzate, Veniano.
Kartal
Kartal (Turkish: [ˈkaɾtaɫ]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 38 km2, and its population is 483,418 (2022). It is located on the Asian side of the city, on the coast of the Marmara Sea between Maltepe and Pendik.

Despite being far from the city centre, Kartal is heavily populated (total population nearly 500,000). The district's neighbours are Maltepe to the west, Sultanbeyli and Sancaktepe to the north and Pendik to the east. Inland from the coast, the land rises sharply up to the hills Yakacık and Aydos, the latter of which is the highest point in Istanbul.

Aydos Hill
Aydos Hill (Turkish: Aydos Tepesi) is a hill in the north of Kartal district of Istanbul, Turkey. Its peak at 537 m (1,762 ft) above sea level is the highest point of Istanbul. The hill is surrounded by woods.
V Corps (Pakistan)
The V Corps is a field corps of the Pakistan Army currently headquartered in Karachi, Sindh in Pakistan. Its current mission objectives are to provide security and external security deployments within its area of responsibility. One of Pakistan army's ten field corps, it has an area of responsibility and responsibility to protect the Sindh region, and to halter Indian advancements into the Sindh, and lower Punjab region.: 310

As of current, the corps is commanded by Lt-Gen. Muhammad Avais Dastgir.

XII Corps (Pakistan)
The XII Corps is a field corps of the Pakistan Army currently headquartered in Quetta, Balochistan in Pakistan.

With reserves, paramilitary, and other military formations supporting the XII Corps, the corps has an area of responsibility of Balochistan and oversees its mission of responsibility to protect as an army's regional formation in Pakistan's security apparatus known as the Southern Command.: 309–311
Adam Lazarowicz
Major Adam Lazarowicz (noms de guerre "Klamra", "Pomorski", "Zygmunt", "Jadzik", "Aleksander", 1902 – 1 March 1951) was a Polish military officer who played a prominent role in the Polish resistance movement in the German-occupied Poland in the Second World War.

After the war, Lazarowicz remained in hiding and become a member of the anti-Communist organization Wolność i Niezawislość (Freedom and Independence) fighting for Polish independence from the Soviet Union. He was imprisoned by the Soviet-imposed Communist authorities in Poland and executed on 1 March 1951 in Mokotów Prison in Warsaw.

Dębica
Dębica ([dɛmˈbit͡sa] ⓘ; Yiddish: דעמביץ Dembitz) is a town in southeastern Poland with 44,692 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Dębica County. Since 1999 it has been situated in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship; it had previously been in the Tarnów Voivodeship (1975–1998). Dębica belongs to the historic province of Lesser Poland, and for centuries it was part of the Sandomierz Voivodeship.
Mike Bubbins
Mike Bubbins (born 18 April 1972) is a Welsh comedian and actor. Originally a P.E. teacher, Bubbins has co-written and starred in the BBC sitcom, Mammoth. He also co-hosts podcast The Socially Distant Sports Bar; hosts Scrum V Top 5 for BBC Wales; and works as a stand-up.

Elis James
Owain Elis James (born 3 November 1980) is a Welsh comedian, broadcaster and actor. James is known as a stand-up comedian and for his weekly radio show and podcast with John Robins for BBC Radio 5 Live, his football punditry and presenting, and his TV acting roles. James's first language is Welsh and he performs stand-up in English and Welsh.
Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in the smelting of iron ore, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.

The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude petroleum in petroleum refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes. It is the residue of a destructive distillation process.

Syngas
Syngas, or synthesis gas, is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in various ratios.  The gas often contains some carbon dioxide and methane.   It is principally used for producing ammonia or methanol. Syngas is combustible and can be used as a fuel. Historically, it has been used as a replacement for gasoline when gasoline supply has been limited; for example, wood gas was used to power cars in Europe during WWII (in Germany alone, half a million cars were built or rebuilt to run on wood gas).
Underground hard-rock mining
Underground hard-rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate "hard" minerals, usually those containing metals, such as ore containing gold, silver, iron, copper, zinc, nickel, tin, and lead. It also involves the same techniques used to excavate ores of gems, such as diamonds and rubies. Soft-rock mining refers to the excavation of softer minerals, such as salt, coal, and oil sands.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.
Jiang Qiming
Jiang Qiming (Chinese: 蒋奇明) is a Chinese actor. He is known for his role as Fu Weijun in The Long Season (2023) and Wang Anquan in Escape from the Trilateral Slopes (2024). He won Best Supporting Actor at the 30th  Shanghai Magnolia Awards for his performance in Escape from the Trilateral Slopes.

The Long Season
The Long Season (Chinese: 漫长的季节; pinyin: Màncháng de jìjié) is a Chinese television drama produced by Tencent Penguin Pictures. Directed by Xin Shuang, the 12-episode mystery suspense series starred Fan Wei, Qin Hao, and Chen Minghao, Li Gengxi, Liu Yitie, and Jiang Qiming. It tells a story spanning nearly 20 years about multiple characters involved in a dismemberment case at Hualin, a fictional factory town in Northeast China modeled on Anshan. It premiered on Tencent Video on 22 April 2023, and on Jiangsu TV on 11 February 2024.
Gates Center, New York
Gates Center is a hamlet within the town of Gates in Monroe County, New York,  United States. It occupies the southern part of the census-designated place (CDP) of Gates.

The hamlet of Gates Center is served by Gates-Chili Central School District.

Gates, New York
Gates is a town in Monroe County, New York, United States. The town is named after General Horatio Gates. The population was 29,167 at the 2020 census. Gates and North Gates are census-designated places within the town. It is a suburb of Rochester.
King County Prosecuting Attorney
The King County Prosecuting Attorney is a nonpartisan elected official in King County, Washington. The prosecuting attorney leads the King County Prosecuting Attorney's Office, and prosecutes all felonies (as well as misdemeanors in unincorporated areas, and those brought by state law enforcement agencies) that occur within King County, Washington. Since 2023, the position has been held by Leesa Manion, a former deputy county prosecutor.

King County, Washington
King County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. The population was 2,269,675 in the 2020 census, making it the most populous county in Washington, and the 12th-most populous in the United States. The county seat is Seattle, also the state's most populous city.

Originally named after US representative, senator, and then vice president-elect William R. King in 1852, the county government amended its designation in 1986 to honor Martin Luther King Jr., a prominent activist and leader during the civil rights movement. The change was approved by the state government in 2005.

It is one of three Washington counties that are included in the Seattle metropolitan area along with Snohomish County to the north and Pierce County to the south. About two-thirds of King County's population lives in Seattle's suburbs, which largely developed in the late 20th century and early 21st century as bedroom communities before becoming job centers for the technology industry.
Navy and Marine Corps Medal
The Navy and Marine Corps Medal is the highest non-combat decoration awarded for heroism by the United States Department of the Navy to members of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps. The medal was established by an act of Congress on 7 August 1942, and is authorized under 10 U.S.C. § 6246.

The Navy and Marine Corps Medal is the equivalent of the Army's Soldier's Medal, the Air and Space Forces' Airman's Medal, and the Coast Guard Medal.

Soldier's Medal
The Soldier's Medal is an individual decoration of the United States Army. It was introduced as Section 11 of the Air Corps Act, passed by the Congress of the United States on July 2, 1926. The Soldier's Medal is equivalent to the Navy and Marine Corps Medal, the Air and Space Forces' Airman's Medal, and the Coast Guard Medal. Prior to the creation of the Airman's Medal in 1960, airmen were awarded the Soldier's Medal.

The criteria for the medal are: "The Soldier's Medal is awarded to any person of the Armed Forces of the United States or of a friendly foreign nation who, while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States, including Reserve Component soldiers not serving in a duty status at the time of the heroic act, distinguished himself or herself by heroism not involving conflict with an enemy."