hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rutherford Chang
Rutherford Chang (December 27, 1979 – January 24, 2025) was an American conceptual artist. His post-conceptual projects included a collection of 3,417 copies of the Beatles's self-titled 1968 album. At the age of 45, he died in Manhattan on January 24, 2025.

Post-conceptual art
Post-conceptual, postconceptual, post-conceptualism or postconceptualism is an art theory that builds upon the legacy of conceptual art in contemporary art, where the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take some precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. The term first came into art school parlance through the influence of John Baldessari at the California Institute of the Arts in the early 1970s. The writer Eldritch Priest, specifically ties John Baldessari's piece Throwing four balls in the air to get a square (best of 36 tries) from 1973 (in which the artist attempted to do just that, photographing the results, and eventually selecting the best out of 36 tries, with 36 being the determining number as that is the standard number of shots on a roll of 35mm film) as an early example of post-conceptual art. It is now often connected to generative art and digital art production.
Łętkowice
Łętkowice [wɛntkɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radziemice, within Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

The village is on the renewed Lesser Poland Way of St. James from Sandomierz, to Szczyrk, which resembles the middle age route to Santiago de Compostela

Gmina Radziemice
Gmina Radziemice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Radziemice, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Proszowice and 30 km (19 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 57.85 square kilometres (22.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,442.
The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros
The Blossoming of Maximo Oliveros (Filipino: Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo Oliveros) is a 2005 Filipino coming-of-age comedy-drama film co-produced, co-edited, and directed by Aureaus Solito (in his directorial debut) from a story and screenplay written by Michiko Yamamoto. Set in the slums of Manila, the film is about a gay teen who is torn between his love for a young cop and his loyalty to his family. The film stars Nathan Lopez in the title role, with JR Valentin, Soliman Cruz, Neil Ryan Sese, and Ping Medina in supporting roles.

The film premiered at the 1st Cinemalaya Film Festival in 2005 and was the official entry of the Philippines to the 79th Academy Awards. It has been included in various lists of best LGBTQ films.

Neil Ryan Sese
Neil Ryan Sese (born April 26, 1979) is a Filipino actor. Sese is best known for portraying Asval in the 2016 version of Encantadia, Lance Dimaigue of Ang Forever Ko'y Ikaw, and Manuel Cruz of Cruz vs Cruz.
Angostura, Sinaloa
Angostura is a city and it is seat of its surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. 
It stands at 25°21′55″N 108°09′44″W﻿ / ﻿25.36528°N 108.16222°W﻿ / 25.36528; -108.16222.

The city of Angostura reported 5,086 inhabitants in the 2010 census.

Angostura Municipality, Sinaloa
Angostura Municipality is a municipality in the Mexican state of Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico. Its seat is the city of Angostura.

It stands at 25°21′54″N 108°09′43″W﻿ / ﻿25.36500°N 108.16194°W﻿ / 25.36500; -108.16194.

According to 2010 census, it had a population of 44,993 inhabitants.
Henrietta of England
Henrietta of England (Henrietta Anne Stuart; 16 June 1644 O.S. [26 June 1644 N.S.] – 30 June 1670) was the youngest child of King Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France. She was Duchess of Orléans through her marriage to Philippe I, Duke of Orléans.

Fleeing England with her mother as an infant in the midst of the English Civil War, Henrietta moved to the court of her first cousin King Louis XIV of France, where she was known as Minette. She married her cousin Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, and became a fille de France, but their relationship was marked by frequent tensions over suitors common to the two.

Henrietta played an instrumental role in negotiating the Secret Treaty of Dover between France and England against the Dutch Republic in June 1670, the same month as her unexpected death at the age of 26. Jacobite claims to the British throne after Henry Benedict Stuart's death descend from her daughter Anne Marie.

Philippe, Chevalier de Lorraine
Philippe of Lorraine (1643 – 8 December 1702), known as the Chevalier de Lorraine, was a French nobleman, descendant of the Dukes of Elbeuf, member of the House of Guise, cadet branch of the ducal House of Lorraine. He was the renowned lover of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, brother of Louis XIV.
Tonite (explosive)
Tonite is an explosive sometimes used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It consists of a mixture of equal weights of barium nitrate and guncotton. The explosive was patented in 1874 by Samuel Joseph Mackie, Camille Alphonse Faure, and George French. Its name was taken from the Latin verb tonat = "it thunders", and is pronounced "toe-nite", not "tonight".

The high gas pressures generated by the detonation of tonite resulted in it being used as a bursting charge in some hand grenades used early in World War I.

Nitrocellulose is an oxygen-negative low explosive, so its decomposition is incomplete combustion:

Because nitrocellulose was used in mining, carbon monoxide could build up and pose a danger to miners. To remedy that problem, nitrates (potassium nitrate, barium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, etc.) were added into the nitrocellulose to achieve a better oxygen balance.

Samuel Joseph Mackie
Samuel Joseph Mackie FGS, FSA (21 January 1823 – 31 May 1902), was a British geologist, inventor, and editor. He was a founding member of the Geologists' Association and the Anthropological Society of London, and sole editor of The Geologist: a Popular Monthly Magazine of Geology, a precursor to the Geological Magazine. He and his partners patented the Tonite (explosive).
Born in Dover to Samuel and Eleanor Mackie, he married Maria Kemp on 4 December 1845, and after her death married Susan Arabella in October, 1853. He edited The Geologist from 1858 to 1864, at which point it was acquired by Lovell Reeve & Co. The next year he established the Geological and Natural History Repertory, which folded in 1869.
Sense of impending doom
A sense of impending doom is a medical symptom that consists of an intense feeling that something life-threatening or tragic is about to occur, despite no apparent danger. Causes can be either psychological or physiological. Psychological causes can include an anxiety disorder (e.g., panic disorder), depression, or bipolar disorder. A sense of impending doom often precedes or accompanies a panic attack. Physiological causes could include a pheochromocytoma, heart attack, blood transfusion, anaphylaxis, or use of some psychoactive substances. The feeling can also be a transient side effect of adenosine administration, likely due to its activation of adenosine receptors. Due to adenosine's extremely short half-life, this effect is typically short-lived. A sense of impending doom can also present itself as a postoperative complication encountered after surgery.

Adenosine
Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives. The molecule consists of an adenine attached to a ribose via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine is one of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA (and its derivative deoxyadenosine is a building block of DNA), which are essential for all life on Earth. Its derivatives include the energy carriers adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate, also known as AMP/ADP/ATP. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is pervasive in signal transduction. Adenosine is used as an intravenous medication for some cardiac arrhythmias.

Adenosyl (abbreviated Ado or 5'-dAdo) is the chemical group formed by removal of the 5′-hydroxy (OH) group. It is found in adenosylcobalamin (an active form of vitamin B12) and as a radical in the radical SAM enzymes.
Tlumach Raion
Tlumach Raion (Ukrainian: Тлумацький район, romanized: Tlumac'kyj rajon) was a raion (district) of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (region) in Ukraine.  The city of Tlumach was the administrative center of the raion. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to six. The area of Tlumach Raion was merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 45,699 (2020 est.)

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Obertyn settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Obertyn;

Olesha rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Olesha;

Tlumach urban hromada with the administration in Tlumach.

Ivano-Frankivsk Raion
Ivano-Frankivsk Raion (Ukrainian: Івано-Франківський район) is a raion (district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The center of the raion is the city of Ivano-Frankivsk. Five abolished raions, Bohorodchany, Halych, Rohatyn, Tlumach, and Tysmenytsia raions, as well as Ivano-Frankivsk and Burshtyn Municipalities, were merged into Ivano-Frankivsk Raion. Population: 556,104 (2022 estimate).
Yonsa County
Yŏnsa County is a kun, or county, in North Hamgyŏng province, North Korea.  It was created following the division of Korea, being split off from Musan county in the 1952 reorganization of local government.

North Hamgyong Province
North Hamgyong Province (Hamgyŏngbukdo, Korean pronunciation: [ham.ɡjʌŋ.buk̚.t͈o]) is the northernmost province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Hamgyong Province.
Cervical spinal nerve 5
The cervical spinal nerve 5 (C5) is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment.

It originates from the spinal column from above the cervical vertebra 5 (C5). It contributes to the phrenic nerve, long thoracic nerve, and dorsal scapular nerve before joining cervical spinal nerve 6 to form the upper trunk, a trunk of the brachial plexus, which then forms the lateral cord, and finally the musculocutaneous nerve.

Long thoracic nerve
The long thoracic nerve (also: external respiratory nerve of Bell or posterior thoracic nerve) is a branch of the brachial plexus derived from cervical nerves C5-C7 that innervates the serratus anterior muscle.
2020–21 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team
The 2020–21 Winthrop Eagles men's basketball team represented Winthrop University in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Eagles, led by 9th-year head coach Pat Kelsey, played their home games at the Winthrop Coliseum in Rock Hill, South Carolina as members of the Big South Conference. They finished the season 23–2, 17–1 in Big South Play to finish as regular season champions. They defeated High Point, Longwood, and Campbell to be champions of the Big South tournament. They received the Big South’s automatic bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the first round to Villanova.

2020–21 Longwood Lancers men's basketball team
The 2020–21 Longwood Lancers men's basketball team represented Longwood University in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Lancers, led by third-year head coach Griff Aldrich, played their home games at Willett Hall in Farmville, Virginia as members of the Big South Conference. They finished the season 12-17, 10-10 to finish in 5th place. They defeated UNC Asheville in the quarterfinals of the Big South tournament before losing in the semifinals to Winthrop. They received an invitation to the CBI where they lost in the quarterfinals to Pepperdine.
Dąbrówka, Lidzbark County
Dąbrówka [dɔmˈbrufka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orneta, within Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

Gmina Orneta
Gmina Orneta is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Orneta, which lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński and 44 km (27 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 244.13 square kilometres (94.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 12,701 with the population of Orneta amounting to 9,380, and the population of the rural part of the gmina at 3,321 persons.
Midumidukki
Midumidukki is a 1968 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Crossbelt Mani and produced by Ponnappan. The film stars Sathyan, Sharada, Adoor Bhasi and Hari in the lead roles. The film had musical score by M. S. Baburaj.

Crossbelt Mani
K. Velayudhan Nair, better known by his stage name Crossbelt Mani (22 April 1935 – 30 October 2021), was an Indian film director and cinematographer, who worked in the Malayalam cinema. He directed more than 40 Malayalam movies and worked as a cinematographer for ten movies. He became popular with his second movie Cross Belt in 1970 and adopted Crossbelt to his name. Veteran director Joshiy worked as an assistant director under him.
Picasso & Lump
Picasso & Lump: A Dachshund's Odyssey (ISBN 0821258109) is a 2006 book by David Douglas Duncan that features professional photographs of Pablo Picasso and his dachshund, Lump. The book, published by Thames & Hudson, gives an insight into Picasso's later life, and Picasso the man, not the image. The book contrasts black-and-white photos of Picasso, his wife Jacqueline, and Lump with Picasso's colourful interpretations, which feature Lump, of Diego Velázquez's 1656 painting Las Meninas.

The book is alternatively known as, Lump: The Dog Who Ate a Picasso.

David Douglas Duncan
David Douglas Duncan (January 23, 1916 – June 7, 2018) was an American photojournalist, known for his dramatic combat photographs, as well as for his extensive domestic photography of Pablo Picasso and his wife Jacqueline.
Tiverton and Honiton
Tiverton and Honiton was a constituency in Devon, England. From its creation in 1997 until a 2022 by-election, the seat was represented by members of the Conservative Party. It was then held by Richard Foord of the Liberal Democrats until its abolition.

Following the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished, with the majority, including the towns of Axminster, Cullompton, Honiton and Seaton, being included in the new constituency of Honiton and Sidmouth, which was first contested at the 2024 general election. The town of Tiverton and surrounding rural areas were transferred to the new cross-county boundary seat of Tiverton and Minehead.

2023 review of Westminster constituencies
The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023 and came into law on 29 November. It is the first review of Westminster boundaries to be successfully implemented since 2010.

These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
Herbert William Weekes
Herbert William Weekes (8 May 1841 – 21 November 1914) was a well-known English genre and animal painter of the Victorian Neoclassical period who specialized in portraying animals in humorous, human-like situations.

Animal painter
An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals.

The OED dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and writer John Berkenhout (1726–1791). From the early 20th century, wildlife artist became a more usual term for contemporary animal painters.
Stanley Falkow
Stanley "Stan" Falkow (January 24, 1934 – May 5, 2018) was an American microbiologist and a professor of microbiology at Georgetown University, University of Washington, and Stanford University School of Medicine. Falkow is known as the father of the field of molecular microbial pathogenesis. 
He formulated molecular Koch's postulates, which have guided the study of the microbial determinants of infectious diseases since the late 1980s. Falkow spent over 50 years uncovering molecular mechanisms of how bacteria cause disease and how to disarm them. Falkow also was one of the first scientists to investigate antimicrobial resistance, and presented his research extensively to scientific, government, and lay audiences explaining the spread of resistance from one organism to another, now known as horizontal gene transfer, and the implications of this phenomenon on our ability to combat infections in the future.

Stanford University School of Medicine
The Stanford University School of Medicine is the medical school of Stanford University and is located in Stanford, California, United States. It traces its roots to the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, founded in San Francisco in 1858. This medical institution, then called Cooper Medical College, was acquired by Stanford in 1908. In 1959, the medical school moved to the Stanford campus near Palo Alto, California.

The School of Medicine, along with Stanford Health Care and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, is part of Stanford Medicine.
Kovatch Mobile Equipment Corp
Kovatch Mobile Equipment Corp, better known as KME, is a custom truck manufacturer formerly based in Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania. KME is a subsidiary of the REV Group.
KME specializes in automotive, aviation, petro-chemical, industrial, energy, military, police, and fire-rescue vehicles. Founded in 1946 by John "Sonny" Kovatch, Jr., KME has produced over 10,000 vehicles.  In 2022 REV Group closed the Nesquehoning factory with any production of KME branded equipment being shifted to other REV Group facilities.

REV Group
REV Group is an American manufacturer of ambulances, buses, commercial vehicle, firefighting vehicles, recreational vehicles and other specialty vehicles, as well as aftermarket parts and services.

Founded in 2010 as Allied Specialty Vehicles, it provides vehicles and services for public fire departments and emergency services, as well as commercial infrastructure and leisure vehicles for consumers. REV encompasses 24 brands.

Going public in January 2017, it was listed on the New York Stock Exchange until February 2026, when it was announced that its merger with Terex had been completed.
Baralla
Baralla is a municipality in the province of Lugo, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Os Ancares and covers 30 villages. Until the late 1970s it was called Neira of Jusá.

Province of Lugo
The province of Lugo (Spanish: Provincia de Lugo, Galician: Provincia de Lugo) is a province of northwestern Spain, in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense, Pontevedra, A Coruña, and León, the principality of Asturias, and in the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay).

The population is 325,048, of which over a quarter live in the capital Lugo. The capital city was an ancient Celtic settlement named in honour of the god Lugh (see Lyon), later Latinised as Lucus Augusti, and which became one of the three main important Galician-Roman centres alongside Braccara Augusta and Asturica Augusta (modern Braga and Astorga respectively). The province has 67 municipalities.
Fujita SC Mercury
Fujita Soccer Club Mercury (フジタ・サッカークラブ・マーキュリー) was a women's football team from Hiratsuka which played in Division 1 of Japan's Nadeshiko League. It founded the league back in 1989. The club was disbanded in 1999.

Nadeshiko League
The Japan Women's Football League (Japanese: 日本女子サッカーリーグ; Nihon Joshi Sakkā Rīgu), commonly known as the Nadeshiko League (Japanese: なでしこリーグ; Nadeshiko Rīgu), is a women's association football league in Japan.

The Nadeshiko League consists of two divisions that correspond to the second and third levels of the Japanese women's football pyramid respectively. Teams are promoted and relegated between the divisions, and between the Nadeshiko League Division 2 and the fourth-level Japanese regional leagues, based on performance in the previous season. Prior to 2021, the Nadeshiko League occupied the top level of the Japanese women's football pyramid as well; that level is now represented by the fully professional WE League.

Since 2008, the Nadeshiko League has been sponsored by Plenus (株式会社プレナス), a fast food (bento) company based in Fukuoka.
Rudy Phillips
Rudolph Phillips (born February 25, 1958) is a former professional Canadian football offensive lineman who played seven seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL), mainly for the Ottawa Rough Riders.  He played college football at North Texas University. He won the CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award in 1982 and 1983. He was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 2009.

Ottawa Rough Riders
The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded on September 19, 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest-lived professional sports teams in North America, the Rough Riders won the Grey Cup championship nine times. Their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s,  in which they won five Grey Cups. The team's fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s, and they ultimately ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, though they suspended operations in 2006. The Ottawa Redblacks, which own the Rough Riders and Renegades intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014.
Triglav Lakes Valley
The Triglav Lakes Valley (Slovene: Dolina Triglavskih jezer) is a rocky hanging valley in the Julian Alps in Slovenia, below the sheer sides of Mount Tičarica and Mount Zelnarica southwest of Triglav. The valley is also called the Seven Lakes Valley (Dolina sedmerih jezer), although there are ten and not seven lakes in the valley. It is above the tree line and is geologically alpine karst; therefore it has also been termed the Sea of Stone Valley (Dolina kamnitega morja).

Julian Alps
The Julian Alps (Slovene: Julijske Alpe, Italian: Alpi Giulie, Venetian: Alpe Jułie, Friulian: Alps Juliis, German: Julische Alpen) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps that stretches from northeastern Italy to Slovenia, where they rise to 2,864 m at Mount Triglav, the highest peak in Slovenia. A large part of the Julian Alps is included in Triglav National Park. The second highest peak of the range, the 2,755 m high Jôf di Montasio, lies in Italy.

The Julian Alps cover an estimated 4,400 km2 (of which 1,542 km2 lies in Italy). They are located between the Sava Valley and Canale Valley. They are divided into the Eastern and Western Julian Alps.