hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
.450 Nitro Express
.450 Nitro Express also known as the .450 Nitro Express 31⁄4-inch is a rifle cartridge designed for hunting dangerous game such as elephant, rhino, cape buffalo, lion, and leopard. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in double rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climates in general and is associated with the Golden Age of African safaris and Indian shikars.

Double rifle
The double rifle, also known as a double-barreled rifle, is a rifle with two barrels mounted parallel to each other that can be fired simultaneously or sequentially in quick succession. Commonly used in big game hunting, primarily in Africa and Asia, the double rifle is a sporting weapon with very little military heritage, because modern machine guns do not need a second barrel. Simultaneous fire of 2 bullets at half the kinetic energy each of 1 original bullet comes at a substantial cost in weight (at constant thickness, two barrels of half the diameter of one larger barrel have  the weight of the larger barrel) and cost, and the potential benefits have not generally been deemed to be worth the downsides.
Mie kocok
Mie kocok (lit. 'shaken noodle') is an Indonesian beef noodle soup, a specialty of Bandung City, West Java. The dish consists of noodles served in rich beef consommé soup, kikil (beef tendon or slices of cow's trotters), bean sprouts and bakso (beef meatball), kaffir lime juice, and sprinkled with sliced fresh celery, scallion, and fried shallot. Some recipes might add beef tripe.

In Indonesian the term kocok means "shake", and it refers to the method of softening and cooking the noodles by shaking the noodles placed in a handled porous tin container while being simmered in hot water. The dish uses flat yellow noodles.

To add taste and spiciness kecap manis (sweet soy sauce) and sambal might be added. A similar but slightly different chicken-based noodle dish from the neighboring city of Cirebon is called mie koclokcode: jav promoted to code: jv .

Indonesian cuisine
Indonesian cuisine is a collection of regional culinary traditions of the various ethnic groups that form the archipelagic nation of Indonesia. There are a wide variety of recipes and cuisines in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 600 ethnic groups.

There are many regional cuisines, often based upon indigenous cultures, with some foreign influences.
Magomedrasul Gazimagomedov
Magomedrasul Mukhtarovich Gazimagomedov (Russian: Магомедрасул Мухтарович Газимагомедов; born 8 April 1991) is a Russian freestyle wrestler. He is two-time World Champion and a Grand Master of Sports in freestyle wrestling.

Nationally, Gazimagomedov won the Russian National Freestyle Wrestling Championships 2015. In the quarterfinals match he beat World Champion Khetag Tsabolov of North Ossetia–Alania. He defeated Israil Kasumov of Krasnoyarsk Krai in the final.

At the 2015 European Games, Gazimagomedov won gold in the men's freestyle 70 kg category. He won gold at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships in the 70 kg event, beating Iranian Hassan Yazdani. After knee injury he returned to wrestling at the Golden Grand Prix Ivan Yarygin 2018, in the final match losing to Magomed Kurbanaliev in a close match.

In the pre-season he trains with MMA stars Rustam Khabilov and Khabib Nurmagomedov.

Hassan Yazdani
Hassan Yazdani Charati (Persian: حسن یزدانی چراتی; born 26 December 1994) is an Iranian freestyle wrestler. Yazdani is an Olympic and World Champion in freestyle wrestling in two weight categories. He became Olympic champion in the 74kg category at the 2016 Summer Olympics after defeating Russian wrestler Aniuar Geduev in the final. The following year he became World Champion at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships in the Men's freestyle 86 kg category. He won his second world title at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships in Kazakhstan and third at the 2021 World Wrestling Championships in Norway. Yazdani has been the sportsman of the year and the best wrestler of Iran several times.
Iron meteorite
Iron meteorites, also called siderites or ferrous meteorites, are a type of meteorite that consist overwhelmingly of an iron–nickel alloy known as meteoric iron that usually consists of two mineral phases: kamacite and taenite. Most iron meteorites originate from cores of planetesimals, with the exception of the IIE iron meteorite group.

The iron found in iron meteorites was one of the earliest sources of usable iron available to humans, due to the malleability and ductility of the meteoric iron, before the development of smelting that signaled the beginning of the Iron Age.

Planetary core
A planetary core consists of the innermost layers of a planet. Cores may be entirely liquid, or a mixture of solid and liquid layers as is the case in the Earth. In the Solar System, core sizes range from about 20% (the Moon) to 85% of a planet's radius (Mercury).

Gas giants also have cores, though the composition of these are still a matter of debate and range in possible composition from traditional stony/iron, to ice or to fluid metallic hydrogen. Gas giant cores are proportionally much smaller than those of terrestrial planets, though they can be considerably larger than the Earth's nevertheless; Jupiter's is 10–30 times heavier than Earth, and exoplanet HD149026 b may have a core 100 times the mass of the Earth.

Planetary cores are challenging to study because they are impossible to reach by drill and there are almost no samples that are definitively from the core. Thus, they are studied via indirect techniques such as seismology, mineral physics, and planetary dynamics.
Marika Cifor
Marika Cifor is an American archivist and feminist academic known for her work in archival science, library science, and digital studies. She is an associate professor at the University of Washington Information School.

University of Washington Information School
The Information School (abbreviated as iSchool) is the information school of the University of Washington, a public research university in Seattle, Washington. Formerly the Graduate School of Library and Information Sciences since 1984, the Information School changed its focus and name in 2001.

The school offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including a BS in Informatics, a Master of Library Science MLIS degree, a Master of Science in Information Management, a Museology MA, and a PhD in Information Science.
DABCO
DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane), also known as triethylenediamine or TEDA, is a bicyclic organic compound with the formula N2(C2H4)3. This colorless solid is a highly nucleophilic tertiary amine base, which is used as a catalyst and reagent in polymerization and organic synthesis.

It is similar in structure to quinuclidine, but the latter has one of the nitrogen atoms replaced by a carbon atom. Regarding their structures, both DABCO and quinuclidine are unusual in that the methylene hydrogen atoms are eclipsed within each of the three ethylene linkages. Furthermore, the diazacyclohexane rings, of which there are three, adopt the boat conformations, not the usual chair conformations.

Quinuclidine
Quinuclidine is an organic compound with the formula HC(C2H4)3N.  It is a bicyclic amine that can be viewed as a tied back version of triethylamine.  It is a colorless solid.  It is used as a reagent (base) and catalyst. It can be prepared by reduction of quinuclidone.
Homalocephale
Homalocephale (from Greek ὁμαλός, homalos, "even", and κεφαλή, kephalē, "head") is a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous period of what is now the Nemegt Formation, Mongolia. The genus was described in 1974 by Halszka Osmólska and Teresa Maryańska, and consists of a single species, H. calathocercos. Though Homalocephale has been regarded as a synonym (and juvenile form) of Prenocephale, juvenile specimens of the latter indicate that they were distinct. Homalocephale was 1.8 m (5.9 ft) long and possibly an omnivore.

Teresa Maryańska
Teresa Maryańska (1937 – 3 October 2019) was a Polish paleontologist who specialized in Mongolian dinosaurs, particularly pachycephalosaurians and ankylosaurians. She is considered not only as one of Poland's but also one of the world's leading experts on dinosaurs.
Semya i Shkola
Semya i Shkola (Russian: Семья и школа, Family and School) was a Russian magazine published in Saint Petersburg in 1871–1888. Founded by writer Elena Apreleva and natural scientist Yulian Simashko, and appealing to both to parents and children, it is considered to be the first serious pedagogical publication in Russia.

The Soviet magazine of the same title founded in 1946 originally distanced itself from its pre-1917 predecessor, but in the latter years was keen to emphasize the lineage.

Elena Apreleva
Elena Ivanovna Apréleva (Russian: Елена Ивановна Апрелева, née Blaramberg; 24 February 1846 – 4 December 1923), also known by her pseudonym E. Ardov, was a Russian prose writer, memoirist, playwright, and children's writer.
Glenvar High School
Glenvar High School is a public high school in Roanoke County, Virginia, United States.  It is one of the five high schools for the Roanoke County public school system Archived 2006-06-11 at the Wayback Machine.  Glenvar High School serves the western end of Roanoke County and is located in the community of Glenvar, which is immediately west of Salem, Virginia.

Roanoke County, Virginia
Roanoke County (/ˈroʊ.əˌnoʊk/ ROH-ə-nohk) is a county in the U.S. state of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, its population was 96,929. Its county seat is Salem, but the county administrative offices are located in the census-designated place of Cave Spring.

Roanoke County is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area, and is in the Roanoke Region of Virginia.

The independent cities of Roanoke and Salem (incorporated as such in 1884 and 1968 respectively) are inside the boundaries of Roanoke County but are not a part of the county. The town of Vinton is the only municipality in the county. While significant areas of the county are rural and mountainous, most residents live in the suburbs near Roanoke and Salem in the Roanoke Valley.
Exxon donor solvent process
Exxon donor solvent process (EDS) is a coal liquefaction process developed by Exxon Research and Engineering Company, starting in 1966.  The process converts solid coal directly to liquid synthetic fuels which could be used as a substitute for petroleum products. The process does not involve an intermediate step of coal gasification.  Exxon operated a pilot plant in Texas from 1980 until 1982.

Synthetic fuel
Synthetic fuel or synfuel is a liquid fuel, or sometimes gaseous fuel, obtained from syngas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in which the syngas was derived from gasification of solid feedstocks such as coal or biomass or by reforming of natural gas.

Common ways for refining synthetic fuels include the Fischer–Tropsch conversion, methanol to gasoline conversion, or direct coal liquefaction.
David Adjaye
Sir David Frank Adjaye (born 22 September 1966) is a Ghanaian-British architect who has designed many notable buildings around the world, including the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C. Adjaye was knighted in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to architecture. He received the 2021 Royal Gold Medal, making him the first African recipient and one of the youngest recipients. He was appointed to the Order of Merit in 2022.

The Upper Room (paintings)
The Upper Room is an installation of 13 paintings of rhesus macaque monkeys by English artist Chris Ofili in a specially designed room. It was bought by the Tate gallery in 2005 from the Victoria Miro Gallery and was the cause of a media furore after a campaign initiated by the Stuckist art group as Ofili was on the board of Tate trustees at the time of the purchase. In 2006 the Charity Commission censured the Tate for the purchase, but did not revoke it.
Percy Malone
W. Percy Malone (born August 23, 1942) is an American politician, pharmacist, and businessman.

Born in Rosedale, Mississippi, Malone graduated from University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy in 1965. He is a pharmacist and president of W. P. Malone, Incorporated in Arkadelphia, Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas Constitutional Convention of 1980. From 1995 to 1999, Malone served in the Arkansas House of Representatives. Then, from 2001 to 2013 Malone served in the Arkansas State Senate. Malone was a Democrat.

In 2010, he became the namesake and first winner of the Child Advocacy Centers of Arkansas Percy Malone Child Protection Award.

In 2018 he was named the University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy alumnus of the year.

Arkadelphia, Arkansas
Arkadelphia is a city in Clark County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,380. The city is the county seat of Clark County. It is situated at the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains. Two universities, Henderson State University and Ouachita Baptist University, are located here. Arkadelphia was incorporated in 1857.
Youcef Reguigui
Youcef Reguigui (born 9 January 1990) is an Algerian road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Madar Pro Cycling Team.

He began his professional career with the African MTN–Qhubeka team in 2013. His first professional win came in 2014 at the 2.1-ranked Tour d'Azerbaïdjan. The following year, he won his second professional victory at the summit finish of Fraser's Hill in the 2015 Tour de Langkawi. He was named in the start list for the 2015 Vuelta a España.

Tour d'Azerbaïdjan
Tour d'Azerbaïdjan was a 2.1 multi-stage bicycle race of the UCI Europe Tour, which took place in Azerbaijan around May between 2012 and 2017. Each day, participants started on a new phase of the race. The race was held in 7 regions of Azerbaijan and finished in the capital, Baku. Other large cities the race moved through were Oguz, Chamakh, Maraza, Ismayilli, Gabala, Sheki.
Samuel Fedida
Samuel Fedida, OBE (4 May 1918 – 10 August 2007) was an Egyptian-born British telecommunication engineer responsible at Post Office Telecommunications for the development of Viewdata.

Fedida was born in Alexandria, Egypt. He had the idea for Viewdata in 1968 after reading a publication with the title The Computer as Communications Device. The first prototype became operational in 1974. In 1977 the system was introduced in the United Kingdom. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1980 Birthday Honours.

The book Viewdata Revolution authored by Fedida and Rex Malik, ISBN 0852272146, was published in 1979.

He died in 2007 in Hemel Hempstead.

1980 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1980 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of the Queen. They were published on 13 June 1980 for the United Kingdom and Colonies, Australia, New Zealand, Mauritius, Fiji, Bahamas, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.
Kule, Łódź Voivodeship
Kule [ˈkulɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kiełczygłów, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Kiełczygłów, 12 km (7 mi) north of Pajęczno, and 68 km (42 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Kiełczygłów
Gmina Kiełczygłów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kiełczygłów, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Pajęczno and 70 km (43 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 90.01 square kilometres (34.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,343.
Border Bulldogs
The Border Bulldogs (Grens Bulldogs) is a South African professional rugby union team based in East London that participates in the annual Currie Cup competitions. They are governed by the Border Rugby Union (BRU).

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Dungeon Hunter 5
Dungeon Hunter 5 is a 2015 hack and slash role-playing game developed by Gameloft Montreal and published by Gameloft. It was released on March 11, 2015, for iOS, Android, Windows Phone and Windows 10 devices. The game serves as a direct sequel to Dungeon Hunter 4 which ended amidst the dying Valenthia city state. Dungeon Hunter 5 is an online game that requires an internet connection in order to play.

Gameloft
Gameloft SE is a French major video game company based in Paris, founded in December 1999 by Ubisoft co-founder Michel Guillemot. The company operates 11 development studios worldwide, and publishes games for mobile devices, video game consoles, and PC. Formerly a public company traded at the Paris Bourse, Gameloft was acquired by investment french company Vivendi in 2016.
Jake Burton Carpenter
Jake Burton Carpenter (April 29, 1954 – November 20, 2019), occasionally also known as Jake Burton or Jakie, was an American snowboarder, founder of Burton Snowboards, and one of the inventors of the modern day snowboard. A native of New York, he grew up in Cedarhurst, New York.

Londonderry, Vermont
Londonderry is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. It is bounded on the north by Landgrove and Weston, on the east by Windham, on the south by Jamaica and on the west by Winhall and Landgrove. The population was 1,919 in the 2020 census. The town contains the villages of Londonderry and South Londonderry.
Ludwig von Bertalanffy
Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy (19 September 1901 – 12 June 1972) was an Austrian biologist known as one of the founders of general systems theory (GST). This is an interdisciplinary practice that describes systems with interacting components, applicable to biology, cybernetics and other fields. Bertalanffy proposed that the classical laws of thermodynamics might be applied to closed systems, but not necessarily to "open systems" such as living things. His mathematical model of an organism's growth over time, published in 1934, is still in use today.

Bertalanffy grew up in Austria and subsequently worked in Vienna, London, Canada, and the United States.

Von Bertalanffy function
The von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF), or von Bertalanffy curve, is a type of growth curve for a time series and is named after Ludwig von Bertalanffy. It is a special case of the generalised logistic function. The growth curve is used to model mean length from age in animals. The function is commonly applied in ecology to model fish growth and in paleontology to model sclerochronological parameters of shell growth.

The model can be written as the following:

where  is age,  is the growth coefficient,  is the theoretical age when size is zero, and  is asymptotic size.  It is the solution of the following linear differential equation:
Porrentruy Castle
Porrentruy Castle is a castle in the municipality of Porrentruy of the Canton of Jura in Switzerland.  It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

Construction of the castle took place between the mid-thirteenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth century.   The oldest part is the thirteenth century Réfous Tower (Tour Réfous).   Fourteenth century ramparts survive on the western and northern sides.

Since 1271 belonging to the bishopric of Basel, the castle served as exile residence of the prince-bishops of Basel from 1527 until 1792. The bishops had been exiled from Basel during the Swiss Reformation in 1529, whereas they were able to keep most of their territories outside the city.

At the beginning of the nineteenth century the Romanesque chapel within the castle walls was destroyed.

Prince-Bishopric of Basel
The Prince-Bishopric of Basel (German: Hochstift Basel, Fürstbistum Basel, Bistum Basel) was an ecclesiastical principality within the Holy Roman Empire, ruled from 1032 by prince-bishops with their seat at Basel, and from 1528 until 1792 at Porrentruy, and  thereafter at Schliengen. As an imperial estate, the prince-bishop had a seat and voting rights at the Imperial Diet. The final dissolution of the state occurred in 1803 as part of the German Mediatisation.

The Prince-Bishopric comprised territories now in the Swiss cantons of Basel-Landschaft, Jura, Solothurn and Bern, besides minor territories in nearby portions of southern Germany and eastern France. The city of Basel ceased to be part of the Prince-Bishopric after it joined the Swiss Confederacy in 1501.
Husavik (song)
"Husavik" (also known as "Húsavík" or "Husavik (My Hometown)") is a song performed by Will Ferrell and Molly Sandén (under the stage name My Marianne) for the film Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga (2020). The song was written by Fat Max Gsus, Rickard Göransson, and Savan Kotecha, and received a nomination for Best Original Song at the 93rd Academy Awards.

Cahill (group)
Cahill /ˈkeɪhɪl/ are a dance music group based in Liverpool, UK, consisting of producers Anton Powers, Tim Condran and Scott Rosser. They are best known for their 2008 single, "Trippin' on You", which features vocals from Nikki Belle.
Piotr Florczyk
Piotr Florczyk (born 18 May 1978 in Kraków, Poland) is a poet, translator, essayist, and critic. His honors include the 2017 Found in Translation Award (an annual prize for the best translation of Polish literature into English) and the 2017 Harold Morton Landon Translation Award from the Academy of American Poets for his translation of Anna Świrszczyńska's Building the Barricade.

Found in Translation Award
The Found in Translation Award is an annual award for the best translation of Polish literature into English. The award is given to the translator(s) who also receive a cash prize of 16,000 zł.

The award was established by the Kraków-based Book Institute, the Polish Cultural Institute in London, the Polish Cultural Institute in New York and the W.A.B. Publishing House in Warsaw on 15 October 2007. Since 2015, the FIL Award has been awarded by the Book Institute, the Polish Cultural Institute in London and the Polish Cultural Institute in New York (in 2016, they were joined by the Polish Institute in New Delhi). The first winner of the award was announced in 2008.
Savissivik
Savissivik (West Greenlandic; old spelling: Savigsivik) or Havighivik (Inuktun) (IATA: SVR) is a settlement in the Avannaata municipality in northern Greenland. Located on Meteorite Island, off the northern shores of Melville Bay, the settlement had 55 inhabitants in 2020.

Meteorite Island
Meteorite Island (Danish: Meteorit Ø) is an island in Baffin Bay, in Avannaata municipality, off NW Greenland.

The Cape York Meteorite fell thousands of years ago on the southern shore of this island.
Ironik
James Christian Charters (born 18 January 1988), better known as Ironik (formerly as DJ Ironik), is a British musician, DJ and rapper. His genre of music varies from hip hop, grime, R&B and UK garage. DJ Ironik was born in London.

DJ Ironik has had three UK top 10 hits; Stay With Me charted at No. 5, Tiny Dancer (Hold Me Closer) charted at No. 3 and also I Got Soul, a charity single which reached No. 10 in the UK charts and has also had several top 5 hits in other European countries.

I Got Soul
"I Got Soul" is a 2009 charity single by charity group War Child UK, recorded by Young Soul Rebels. It was released on 19 October 2009. It is a cover of the Killers' "All These Things That I've Done".  A spokesman for War Child UK said, "We're using the track, based on the hook line 'I Got Soul, But I’m Not A Soldier' to draw attention to the 300,000 children who sadly are."