hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pavilion, Singapore
The Pavilion is a house located at 5 Oxley Rise, Oxley Hill, near Orchard Road in Singapore. The Pavilion served as Government House between 1859 and 1861, after Raffles House was demolished to make way for a fort.

Raffles House
Raffles House is a single-storey building built on the Fort Canning Hill, Singapore. The original building was a wood and atap structure built in 1822 that was used as a place of residence by Sir Stamford Raffles.  This building was later rebuilt as a neoclassical-styled Government House as the residence of subsequent colonial governors, but it was demolished in 1858 to make way for the construction Fort Canning. The present structure built on the same site is a brick and tile building constructed in 2003.
John Shoolbred (slave trader)
John Shoolbred (30 November 1740–1802) was a Scottish slave trader primarily active in London. He was a member or "freeman" of the African Company of Merchants, an organisation established in Great Britain to participate in the transatlantic slave trade. He also served on the Committee of nine members who ran the company. When his reputation was under attack in 1777, he wrote to Edmund Burke to thank him for his political support.

African Company of Merchants
The African Company of Merchants or Company of Merchants Trading to Africa was a British chartered company operating from 1752 to 1821 in the Gold Coast area of modern Ghana, engaged in the Atlantic slave trade.
Computer bureau
A computer bureau is a service bureau providing computer services.

Computer bureaus developed during the early 1960s, following the development of time-sharing operating systems. These allowed the services of a single large and expensive mainframe computer to be divided up and sold as a fungible commodity. Development of telecommunications and the first modems encouraged the growth of computer bureau as they allowed immediate access to the computer facilities from a customer's own premises.

The computer bureau model shrank during the 1980s, as cheap commodity computers, particularly the PC clone but also the minicomputer allowed services to be hosted on-premises.

Service bureau
A service bureau is a company that provides business services for a fee. The term has been extensively used to describe technology-based services to financial services companies, particularly banks. Service bureaus are a significant sector within the growing 3D printing industry that allow customers to make a decision whether to buy their own equipment or outsource production.  Customers of service bureaus typically do not have the scale or expertise to incorporate these services into their internal operations and prefer to outsource them to a service bureau. Outsourced payroll services constitute a commonly provisioned service from a service bureau.
Katantra
The Katantra (Sanskrit: कातन्त्र; IAST: Kātantra) is a treatise on Sanskrit grammar (Vyakarana) attributed to Sharvavarman living at the time of the Satavahana dynasty.

It is a simplified and abridged version of Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī and divided into the chapters Sandhi, Nāmni Catuṣṭaya and Ākhyāta.

The terms Kālāpa, Kālāpaka and Kālāpa-vyākaraṇasūtra refer to either the Katantra or a different version of it.

Arthur Coke Burnell compared the arrangement of the Katantra to those of the Aindra school and the Tolkāppiyam.

Aindra School of Grammar
The Aindra(of Indra) school of Sanskrit grammar is allegedly one of the ancient schools of Sanskrit grammar. It is named after Indra as a reference to Lord Indra, the king of deities in Hindu mythology. Arthur Coke Burnell, a renowned orientologist, in his 1875 book, "On the Aindra school of Sanskrit grammars", describes this school. Burnell believed that most non-Pāṇinian systems of Sanskrit grammar were traceable to this school of grammar, believed to be the oldest and reputed to be founded by Indra himself.
Max Evans (Roswell)
Maxwell "Max" Evans is a fictional character created by Melinda Metz for the young adults book series Roswell High and adapted by Jason Katims for the 1999-2002 American science fiction television series Roswell. He was portrayed by actor Jason Behr in the television series. In the CW reboot he's played by Nathan Parsons.

Max made his first appearance in the Roswell pilot episode and remained a core character throughout the three seasons of the show.

Kyle Valenti
Kyle Valenti is a fictional character created by Melinda Metz for the young adults book series Roswell High and adapted by Jason Katims for the 1999-2002 American science fiction television series Roswell. He was portrayed by actor Nick Wechsler in the television series. In the CW reboot, he's played by Michael Trevino.
Leopardus
Leopardus is a genus comprising eight species of small cats native to the Americas. This genus is considered the oldest branch of a genetic lineage of small cats in the Americas whose common ancestor crossed the Bering land bridge from Asia to North America in the late Miocene.

Felinae
The Felinae or small cats are a subfamily of the Felidae distinguished by a bony hyoid, because of which they can purr but not roar.
Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily, as comprising only the living conical-toothed cat genera, with two tribes, the Felini and Pantherini, and excluding the extinct sabre-toothed Machairodontinae.
Mount Ptolemy (Canada)
Mount Ptolemy is the highest mountain of the Flathead Range and is located on the Continental Divide along the provincial borders of Alberta and British Columbia. Situated 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Crowsnest Pass and 5 km (3 mi) northeast of Corbin, it is Alberta's 57th most prominent mountain. It was named in 1914 by Arthur Wheeler for its resemblance to a man sitting with folded arms. The mountain has also been known as Mummy Mountain.

Flathead Range (Canada)
The Flathead Range is a mountain range of the Canadian Rockies in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. It is located on the Continental Divide, east of Fernie, in the Kootenay Land District. It stretches 27 km (17 mi) lengthwise north–south from Crowsnest Pass to North Kootenay Pass. The range's toponym was officially adopted on 30 June 1912 by the Geographic Board of Canada, and was named in association with the Flathead River.

The highest peak is Mount Ptolemy, with an elevation of 2,815 m (9,236 ft).
Manny's Music
Manny's Music was an American music instrument store in New York City on Music Row (West 48th Street, between 6th and 7th Avenues), Midtown Manhattan, where musicians from beginner to professional could buy their instruments and meet each other. Many artists bought their first guitar from Manny's before they became famous. The store was in business for 74 years, from 1935 to 2009. Manny's relaunched in 2024 after the brand was acquired by Vista Musical Instruments.

Sam Ash Music
Sam Ash Music was founded in 1924, and was the largest family-owned chain of musical instrument stores in the United States, with 45 locations in 16 states.  With corporate headquarters in Hicksville, New York, Sam Ash sold musical instruments, recording equipment, DJ and lighting equipment, and professional sound.
2014 England rugby union tour of New Zealand
In June 2014, England played a three test series against New Zealand as part of the 2014 mid-year rugby union tests. They played the All Blacks across the three weeks that the June International window is allocated to; 7 June–21 June, and contested the Hillary Shield, in which England has won once to New Zealand's four. The series was part of the second year of the global rugby calendar established by the International Rugby Board, which runs through to 2019. In addition to the test series, England also played Super Rugby side Crusaders, in a mid-week uncapped match ahead of the third test in Hamilton. They also played the Barbarians at Twickenham, for their annual meeting at the stadium before the tour.

New Zealand won the series 3–0, scoring 84 points to England's 55 over the three test matches.

Stuart Lancaster (rugby union)
William Stuart Lancaster (born 9 October 1969) is an English rugby union coach and former player who is now currently the head coach of Irish club Connacht.

After managing Leeds Tykes/Carnegie and the England Saxons, Lancaster was appointed as the head coach of the English national team in 2011 until he stepped down in 2015, following the World Cup. He then joined Leinster as a senior coach the following year where he won one European Rugby Champions Cup in 2018 as well as four Pro 14 championships within a staff run by Leo Cullen before leaving for Racing 92 in 2023.
Ladislav Zívr
Ladislav Zívr (23 May 1909 – 4 September 1980) was a Czech sculptor.

Zívr was born in Nová Paka and died in Ždírec (a hamlet in Levínská Olešnice), Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic).

Because of family tradition he attended pottery school, and clay remained his preferred material, although he used other techniques as well, such as mixed media or a combination of gypsum with natural materials. His works were inspired mostly by Cubism and Surrealism.

He later attended the Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague in Prague, where he met with the era's avant-garde artists. He was a member of the Group 42 art group, where he was the only sculptor.

Group 42
Group 42 (Czech: Skupina 42) was a Czech artistic group officially established on 27 November 1942 (though its roots date to 1938–1939, forming in 1940).  The group's activity ceased in 1948 when they were banned by the government, but its influence on Czech literature and Czech art was still evident in further years.

This group was primarily influenced by civilism, cubism, futurism, constructivism, existentialism, and surrealism, and their work revealed a characteristic fascination with technology, evident in their frequent focus on cities, factories, industry, and machines. The human characters are generally common townspeople.

The article The World We Live In (Czech: Svět, v němž žijeme) by Jindřich Chalupecký provided Group 42's primary theoretical foundation.
Maromokotro
Maromokotro or Maromokotra is a volcano in Madagascar. At 2,876 meters (9,436 ft), it is the highest peak on the island. It is located in the Tsaratanana Massif inside the Tsaratanana Reserve in Diana Region in the northern part of the island. The next larger towns are Bealanana and Ambanja that are situated still at more than 2 days of travel from this mountain.

Tsaratanana Reserve
Tsaratanana Reserve is a nature reserve of Madagascar. The park is located at a high altitude and is closed to the public. The reserve provides a significant amount of water to the area, and many rivers exist in the area, such as the Bemarivo River, Sambirano River and the Ramena or Mahavavy River. The reserve also has two waterfalls and thermal baths.

It includes Maromokotro peak which is the highest mountain of Madagascar at 2,876 m (9,436 ft)

The forests in the park are threatened with illegal logging due to obtaining areas for illegal cultivation of marijuana, vanilla and rice.
179th Street/Orland Park station
179th Street/Orland Park is one of three stations on Metra's SouthWest Service in Orland Park, Illinois. The station is 28.7 miles (46.2 km) away from Chicago Union Station, the northern terminus of the line. In Metra's zone-based fare system, 179th Street is in zone 4. As of 2018, 179th Street is the 162nd busiest of Metra's 236 non-downtown stations, with an average of 208 weekday boardings. The station was the southern terminus of the line from January 3, 1995 to January 30, 2006 when it was extended to New Lenox and Manhattan.

As of February 15, 2024, 179th Street/Orland Park is served by all 30 trains (15 in each direction) on weekdays, with 10 inbound trains originating here and 10 outbound trains terminating here. Saturday service is currently suspended.

Although 179th Street is no longer the terminus of the SouthWest Service, most trains end their trips at this station. During peak hours trains continue to Laraway Road and Manhattan.

Orland Park, Illinois
Orland Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, with a small portion in Will County. It is a suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, Orland Park had a population of 58,703. Located 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Chicago, Orland Park is close to several interstate highways, with the I-80 east-west coast connector as its southern border. The Metra commuter rail system links it to the Chicago Loop and from there to O'Hare and Midway airports.
Paderno del Grappa
Paderno del Grappa is a small town and a frazione of Pieve del Grappa, a comune in the province of Treviso, in the Veneto region in Italy. Paderno del Grappa is located at the base of Mount Grappa, in the mountain range of the Venetian Prealps. Paderno del Grappa is approximately 45 miles (72 km) north of Venice, and close to larger towns, such as Asolo and Bassano del Grappa, which are located in the Treviso province and the Vicenza province, respectively.

Pieve del Grappa
Pieve del Grappa is a comune or municipality in the province of Treviso, Veneto region of Italy. It was formed on 30 January 2019 with the merger of the comunes of Crespano del Grappa and Paderno del Grappa.

The municipality contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Crespano del Grappa, Fietta, Paderno del Grappa.

Pieve del Grappa borders the following municipalities in the province of Treviso: Asolo, Borso del Grappa, Castelcucco, Fonte, Possagno, and San Zenone degli Ezzelini. It also borders the municipalities of Seren del Grappa and Setteville in the province of Belluno, and Valbrenta in the province of Vicenza.
Osmeña Highway
The President Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway (often shortened as Osmeña Highway), also known as the South Superhighway, is a 4.595-kilometer (2.855 mi) major highway that links Quirino Avenue in Paco, Manila to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) at the Magallanes Interchange in Makati.

The highway is designated as a component of National Route 145 (N145) of the Philippine highway network and Radial Road 3 (R-3) of Metro Manila's arterial road network.

Vito Cruz station (PNR)
Vito Cruz station is a railway station located on the South Main Line in the city of Manila, Philippines. The station derives its name from the former name of the adjacent now Pablo Ocampo Sr. Street, which is Vito Cruz Street, after a former alcalde mayor of Pineda (present-day Pasay).

Vito Cruz is the eighth station from Tutuban and is the last station on the South Main Line physically located in the city of Manila.
Escondido Transit Center
Escondido Transit Center is a transit center located in downtown Escondido, California. It serves as the current eastern terminus of the North County Transit District's SPRINTER hybrid rail line and the northern terminus of the BREEZE Rapid bus rapid transit line. There are plans to extend the SPRINTER service to North County Mall in southern Escondido, north of Lake Hodges. Escondido Transit Center opened on February 21, 1990. It was rebuilt to add the SPRINTER platform before that line's opening on March 9, 2008.

The station is located just east of Interstate 15 (accessible from Valley Parkway exit) and south of State Route 78. Parking is available. Express bus service to downtown San Diego is available at the Escondido Transit Center, as well as local bus service to inland North County, San Diego. FlixBus buses between San Diego and Las Vegas stop at the center. Greyhound bus lines running between San Diego and San Bernardino stop next to the facility at 700 West Valley Parkway.

Breeze Rapid
Breeze Rapid (stylized as BREEZE Rapid) was a brand of bus service with some bus rapid transit characteristics operated by the North County Transit District (NCTD) in North County, San Diego. Its first and only route (350) was introduced in 2011. The brand has been quietly retired, but the route is still in operation.

Breeze Rapid Route 350 operates in Escondido, California, between Escondido Transit Center and Del Lago Transit Center, primarily along Escondido Boulevard and Bear Valley Parkway. Breeze Rapid enhanced the previous Breeze Route 350 service with dedicated buses, branded stops, and faster, more frequent service.
Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given mainly to revered dead people in East Asian culture. It is predominantly used in Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan,  Malaysia and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments or reputation, the title is assigned after death and essentially replaces the name used during life. Although most posthumous names are given to royalty, some posthumous names are given to honor significant people without hereditary titles, such as courtiers or military generals.

To create a posthumous name, one or more adjectives are inserted before the deceased's title. The name of the state or domain of the owner may be added to avoid ambiguity.

King Wen of Zhou
King Wen of Zhou (Chinese: 周文王, Zhōu Wén Wáng; 1152–1050 BC) was the posthumous title given to Ji Chang (Xiahou) (姬昌), the patriarch of the Zhou state during the final years of Shang dynasty in ancient China. Ji Chang himself died before the end of the Zhou–Shang war. His second son Ji Fa completed the conquest of Shang following the Battle of Muye and posthumously honored him as the founder of the Zhou dynasty. Many of the hymns of the Classic of Poetry are paeans of praise to King Wen. Some consider him the first epic hero of Chinese history.
Schlachtensee (lake)
Schlachtensee (German pronunciation: [ˈʃlaxtn̩ˌzeː] ⓘ) is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough (in the quarters of Schlachtensee), on the edge of the Grunewald forest. The lake lends its name to the surrounding area and to the nearby Studentendorf Schlachtensee, a student residence. The area has been part of Berlin since 1920.

Schlachtensee (locality)
Schlachtensee (German pronunciation: [ˈʃlaxtn̩ˌzeː] ⓘ) is a locality within the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf in Berlin. It was formed as a new administrative district in 2020, combining parts of the Nikolassee and Zehlendorf localities.
Zemplín Mountains
The Zemplín Mountains is a small mountain range in southeastern Slovakia, geologically part of the Mátra-Slanec Area of the Inner Western Carpathians.

The range of about 101 square kilometers is near the border of Hungary and its Tokaj wine region.  The highest mountain of the range is Rozhladňa (469 meters). An important river is Roňava which also forms the border with Hungary; another river with its headwaters here is the Bodrog.

48°27′N 21°43′E﻿ / ﻿48.450°N 21.717°E﻿ / 48.450; 21.717

North Hungarian Mountains
The North Hungarian Mountains (Hungarian: Északi-középhegység), sometimes also referred to as the Northeast Hungarian Mountains, Northeast Mountains, North Hungarian Highlands, North Hungarian Mid-Mountains or North Hungarian Range, is the northern, mountainous part of Hungary. It forms a geographical unity with the Mátra-Slanec Area, the adjacent parts of Slovakia. It is a separate geomorphological area within the Western Carpathians.

The mountains run along the northeastern border of Hungary as well as eastern parts of the Hungarian–Slovak border in broadband from the Danube Bend to the town of Prešov.
Tilden Park Merry-Go-Round
The Tilden Park Merry-Go-Round is a menagerie carousel located in Tilden Regional Park near Berkeley and Oakland, in unincorporated Contra Costa County.  It was built by the Herschell-Spillman Company of Tonawanda, New York in 1911, and it is one of the few antique carousels left in the United States. Before arriving at Tilden in 1948, the carousel had seen service at amusement parks in San Bernardino, Ocean Beach, and Los Angeles. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Merry-Go-Round carousel is owned by the East Bay Regional Park District.

Tilden Regional Park
Charles Lee Tilden Regional Park, also known as Tilden Park or Tilden, [tɪldɨn], is a 2,079-acre (841 ha) regional park in the East Bay, part of the San Francisco Bay Area in California. It is between the Berkeley Hills and San Pablo Ridge. Its main entrance is near Kensington, Berkeley, and Richmond. The park is contiguous with Wildcat Canyon Regional Park.

The park is managed by the East Bay Regional Park District, created from the first land the District purchased in 1936.

Tilden Regional Park was named in honor of Charles Lee Tilden, a Bay Area attorney and businessman who served on the first Board of Directors of the East Bay Regional Park District.
Baiyun Airport East railway station
Baiyun Airport East railway station (simplified Chinese: 白云机场东站; traditional Chinese: 白雲機場東站; pinyin: Báiyún Jīchǎng Dōng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Baahk'wàhn Gēichèuhng Dūng Jaahm) is a station on Guangzhou East Ring intercity railway located in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It is located underground under the ground transportation center of Terminal 3 of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport. It opened on 30 October 2025 in tandem with Terminal 3 of the Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport.

Because this station is connected to Baiyun Airport Terminal 3, "Terminal 3" is marked in parentheses on passenger interfaces such as route maps to remind passengers.

Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (IATA: CAN, ICAO: ZGGG) is an international airport serving Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

The airport codes were inherited from the former Baiyun Airport, and the IATA code is derived from Guangzhou's historical romanization Canton. Baiyun Airport serves as a hub for China Southern Airlines, FedEx Express, 9 Air, Hainan Airlines and Shenzhen Airlines. In 2020, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation in other countries, it was temporarily the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic, handling 43.8 million passengers.

In 2023, Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport was the world's twelfth-busiest airport by passenger traffic, with 63.1 million passengers handled, and the busiest in China. As for cargo traffic, the airport was China's second-busiest and the world's eleventh-busiest.
Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj Junction railway station
Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj Junction (station code: FTD) is a railway station in Ujjain. The station was previously used as a meter-gauge station on Ratlam–Indore line. Fatehabad has a connecting route to Ujjain Junction on a meter-gauge line.

In 2015, Ratlam–Indore was converted into broad-gauge line, directly connecting Indore and Ratlam.

Fatehabad and Chandrawati Ganj are two villages on the Indore–Ujjain district border. Fatehabad village is under the Ujjain district and Chandrawati Ganj village is under the Indore district.

As of November 2021, the gauge-conversion of Fatehabad-Ujjain via Chintaman station has been completed and Ujjain - Indore MEMU Special is operating on the route.

Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj
Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj is a small town in Madhya Pradesh in Central India. It lies on the border of Ujjain district and Indore district.

Fatehabad and Chandrawatiganj are two villages are next to each other, but Fatehabad is under the jurisdiction of the Ujjain district and Chandrawatiganj is under the Indore district.

It has its own railway station. Fatehabad Chandrawatiganj has its railway junction on the Ratlam–Indore line with a link line going to Ujjain Junction.

A cenotaph of Maharaja Ratan Singh of Ratlam was made here. He died fighting against Aurangzeb.