hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Horace Dyer
Horace Levi Dyer (February 24, 1873 – July 3, 1928) was an American football player and attorney. He played at the halfback position for the 1894 Michigan Wolverines football team and was an attorney assigned to prosecute complex fraud cases from the 1900s to the 1920s.

1894 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1894 Michigan Wolverines football team was an American football team that represented the University of Michigan in the 1894 college football season. In its first season under head coach William McCauley, the team compiled a 9–1–1 record and outscored its opponents by a combined score of 244 to 84.

The Wolverines played two games against Cornell, losing at Ithaca and winning the second game in Detroit. The win over Cornell "marked the first time in collegiate football history that a western school defeated an established power from the east." The Wolverines closed the season with a victory over Amos Alonzo Stagg's University of Chicago Maroons.

James Baird was the team's captain and quarterback.
Webb Mountain Park
Webb Mountain Park is a 135-acre municipal park in Monroe, Connecticut, offering hiking trails, rock climbing, nature study, and campsites. The park backs up onto land where a historic castle building and residences for nuns are located. Webb Mountain Discovery Zone nature center with its own 170 acre park is adjacent. The park has diverse flora including numerous kinds of trees, shrubs, and ferns that not only add to the aesthetic value of the place but provide an ideal setting for some amateur as well as scientific study of the local plants. It is adjacent to the town-owned Webb Mountain Discovery Zone.

Monroe, Connecticut
Monroe is a town located in eastern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 18,825 at the 2020 census. Monroe is part of the Greater Bridgeport Planning Region.

The town is largely considered a bedroom community of New York City, New Haven, Stamford and Bridgeport.

Monroe contains the villages of Stepney, Stevenson and Monroe Center.
Jan Steeman
Jan Steeman (23 May 1933 – 24 January 2018) was a Dutch comics artist, best known for his association football comic Roel Dijkstra  and Noortje, a comic strip about a bumbling teenage girl published in Tina. The latter runs for more than 40 years in succession, making it the longest-running Dutch comic strip by the self-same artist.  His scriptwriter for Noortje was Patty Klein while his son Lucas has taken over the comic. Steeman won the 2005 Stripschapprijs. He died on 24 January 2018 from kidney failure.

Stripschapprijs
The Stripschapprijs is a Dutch prize awarded to comic creators for their entire body of work. It is awarded annually by the Stripschap, the Dutch Society of comics fans, since 1974. The prize is non-pecuniary, but is considered the most important award for comics in the country.
Kala, Sarpsborg
Kala is a small place east of Sarpsborg in southeastern Norway, or more precisely at Borgenhaugen. It mainly consists of the residential areas Kalakroken and Kalaveien. It also shares its name with the trotting track Kalabanen.

Kala is 15 minutes walking distance to Isesjøen

Borgenhaugen
Borgenhaugen is a borough in the city of Sarpsborg, Norway, located east of the city centre. Before 1992, Borgenhaugen was a part of Skjeberg municipality. The old Skjeberg council hall (rådhus) is located here.
Record Commission
The Record Commissions were a series of six royal commissions of Great Britain and (from 1801) the United Kingdom which sat between 1800 and 1837 to inquire into the custody and public accessibility of the state archives. The commissioners' work paved the way for the establishment of the Public Record Office in 1838. The commissioners were also responsible for publishing various historical records, including the Statutes of the Realm (i.e. of England and Great Britain) to 1714 and the Acts of Parliament of Scotland to 1707, as well as a number of important medieval records.

Although the six commissions were technically distinct from one another, there was a considerable degree of continuity between them, and it is common practice to regard them as a single entity and to refer to them in singular form as the Record Commission.

Francis Palgrave
Sir Francis Palgrave, KH FRS (/ˈpɔːlɡreɪv, ˈpæl-/; born Francis Ephraim Cohen, July 1788 – 6 July 1861) was an English archivist and historian. He was Deputy Keeper (chief executive) of the Public Record Office from its foundation in 1838 until his death; and he is also remembered for his many scholarly publications.
Totteridge & Whetstone tube station
Totteridge & Whetstone (/ˈtɒtərɪdʒ ənd ˈwɛtstoʊn/) is a London Underground station. It is located in both Totteridge and Whetstone in the London Borough of Barnet, North London. The station is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line, between High Barnet and Woodside Park stations. It is in London fare zone 4. It was first built in 1872.

The station is on the north side of Totteridge Lane (A5109), to the east of the Dollis Brook, the traditional boundary between Totteridge and Whetstone, so narrowly in the latter.

Dollis Brook
Dollis Brook is a waterway which runs through Barnet in north London. It is a tributary of the River Brent, which is itself a tributary of the River Thames.

The Dollis Valley Greenwalk follows almost all of Dollis Brook, apart from a short section at the beginning which passes through private land, and the London Loop follows it as far as Barnet Lane. The name Dollis is probably derived from the Middle English word 'dole', meaning the shares of land in the common field.
Shefali Momtaz
Shefali Momtaz is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from the reserved seat-24 during 2009–2014. Her husband, Momtaz Uddin, was a Jatiya Sangsad member from Natore-1.

Momtaz Uddin
Momtaz Uddin (21 September 1946 – 6 June 2003) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician who served as a member of the Jatiya Sangsad representing the Natore-1 constituency. He was the senior vice president of the district Awami League. He was a member of Mukti Bahini in the Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971, commander in chief of Lalpur.
Mountain robin-chat
The mountain robin-chat (Cossyphicula isabellae) is a species of bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae.

It is native to the Western High Plateau. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2023 found that the mountain robin-chat was sister to the white-bellied robin-chat. Based on this result the mountain robin-chat was moved from the genus Cossypha to the genus Cossyphicula.

White-bellied robin-chat
The white-bellied robin-chat (Cossyphicula roberti) is a species of bird in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is found across the Western High Plateau, Bioko and the Albertine Rift montane forests. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2023 found that the white-bellied robin-chat was sister to the mountain robin-chat.
Starlight Kid
Starlight Kid (スターライト・キッド, Sutāraito Kiddo) is a Japanese professional wrestler. She is signed to World Wonder Ring Stardom where she is the leader of Neo Genesis and a former Wonder of Stardom Champion.

She is also a former one-time High Speed Champion, two-time Artist of Stardom Champion, one-time and inaugural Future of Stardom Champion, one-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion and one-time and inaugural New Blood Tag Team Champion. She is the first wrestler to wear her mask full-time in Stardom as part of her luchadora persona. Greatly influenced by Lucha libre, Starlight Kid has followed Mexican tradition for masked wrestlers, so her real name is not a matter of public record.

Stars (professional wrestling)
Stars (スターズ, Sutāzu) (often stylized in capital letters such as STARS) is a professional wrestling stable, currently performing in the Japanese professional wrestling promotion World Wonder Ring Stardom. Lead by Hanan, the stable also consists of Saya Iida, Momo Kohgo, Bea Priestley, and Yuria Hime.
The Ironbound
The Ironbound is a neighborhood in the city of Newark in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is a large working-class multi-ethnic community, covering about 4 square miles (10 km2).  Historically, the area was called "Dutch Neck", "Down Neck", or simply "the Neck", for its location by a bend of the Passaic River. Part of Newark's East Ward, the Ironbound is  directly east of Newark Penn Station and Downtown Newark, and south and west of the river. The neighborhood is connected by the Jackson Street Bridge over the river to Harrison and Kearny.

East Side High School (Newark, New Jersey)
East Side High School is a four-year public high school in Newark in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Newark Public Schools. The school serves the city's Ironbound neighborhood. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1929 and is accredited until January 2026.

As part of the East Side Opportunity Program, students can take Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate programs, and can earn an associate degree from Essex County College with courses taken in 11th and 12th grades.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,046 students and 134.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.2:1. There were 1,350 students (66.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 229 (11.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Intracluster medium
In astronomy, the intracluster medium (ICM) is the superheated plasma that permeates a galaxy cluster. The gas consists mainly of ionized hydrogen and helium and accounts for most of the baryonic material in galaxy clusters. The ICM is heated to temperatures on the order of 10 to 100 megakelvins, emitting strong X-ray radiation.

Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the biggest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters.
Dimapur Government College
Dimapur Government College (DGC), established in 1966, is a general degree college located in Dimapur, Nagaland. It offers undergraduate courses in arts and commerce and is affiliated to Nagaland University.

Dimapur
Dimapur (/diməˈpʊər/) is the largest city and municipality in the Indian state of Nagaland. As of 2024 , the municipality had a population of 172,000. The city is the main gateway and commercial centre of Nagaland. It is located near the border with Assam, along the banks of the Dhansiri River. Its main railway station is the second busiest station in Northeast India. It was an important logistics and supply hub for the Allied forces during the Second World War.
Lasker–Bloomberg Public Service Award
The Lasker–Bloomberg Public Service Award, known from 1946 until 2000 as the Albert Lasker Public Service Award and then from 2000 until 2009 as the Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award, is one of four Lasker Awards awarded by the Lasker Foundation to honor an individual or organization whose public service has profoundly enlarged the possibilities for medical research and the health sciences and their impact on the health of the public.

The award carries an honorarium of $250,000. It is presented to a winner selected from among policy makers, journalists, philanthropists, advocates, scientists, and public health professionals.

The award is named for the philanthropists Albert Lasker and Michael R. Bloomberg. Initially known as the Albert Lasker Public Service Award, it was known from 2000 to 2009 as the Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award in honour of Albert Lasker's wife.

Lasker Award
In 1945, Albert Lasker and Mary Woodard Lasker created the Lasker Awards. Every year since then the award has been given to  the living person considered to have made the greatest contribution to medical science or who has demonstrated public service on behalf of medicine. They are administered by the Lasker Foundation. The Lasker is sometimes referred to as "America's Nobels".

The Lasker Awards have gained a reputation for identifying future winners of the Nobel Prize. Eighty-six Lasker laureates have received the Nobel Prize, including 32 in the last two decades. Claire Pomeroy is the current president of the Lasker Foundation.
A. J. P. Taylor
Alan John Percivale Taylor (25 March 1906 – 7 September 1990) was an English historian who specialised in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy. Both a journalist and a broadcaster, he became well known to millions through his television lectures. His combination of academic rigour and popular appeal led the historian Richard Overy to describe him as "the Macaulay of our age". In a 2011 poll by History Today magazine, he was named the fourth most important historian of the previous 60 years.

Paul Kennedy
Paul Michael Kennedy CBE FBA (born 17 June 1945) is a British historian specialising in the history of international relations, economic power and grand strategy. He is on the editorial board of numerous scholarly journals and writes for The New York Times, The Atlantic, and many foreign-language newspapers and magazines. His monthly column on current global issues is distributed worldwide by the Tribune Content Agency.

He has published on the history of British foreign policy and great power struggles, emphasizing the changing economic power base that undergirds military and naval strength, noting how declining economic power leads to reduced military and diplomatic weight.
Royal Hotel, Cooma
Royal Hotel is a heritage-listed Australian pub at 59–61 Lambie Street, Cooma, Snowy Monaro Regional Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1858. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Cooma
Cooma is a town in the south of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 114 kilometres (71 mi) south of the national capital, Canberra, via the Monaro Highway. It is also on the Snowy Mountains Highway, connecting Bega with the Riverina.

At the 2021 census, Cooma had a population of 6,715. Cooma is the main town of the Monaro region. It is 800 metres (2,620 ft) above sea level. The name could have derived from an Aboriginal word Coombah, meaning 'big lake' or 'open country'.

Cooma is 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of the banks of the Murrumbidgee River, a main tributary of the Murray–Darling basin. Cooma sources its water from the river.
Musbury Tor
Musbury Tor or Tor Hill is a flat-topped hill in south-east Lancashire, England. It overlooks the village of Helmshore and separates Alden Valley to its south and Musbury Valley to its north. Mainly consisting of farmland and pastures, its summit is 340.1 metres (1,116 ft) above sea level. The hill is a prominent landmark and can be seen from much of Helmshore and is often colloquially referred to as ‘the Tor’ by the local population. 'Tor View' is a name shared by several houses and a local Special School.

Helmshore
Helmshore (/hɛlmˈʃɔːr/) is a village in the Rossendale Valley, Lancashire, England, south of Haslingden between the A56 and the B6235, 16 miles (26 km) north of Manchester. The population at the 2011 census was 5,805. The housing in Helmshore is mixed, with some two-up, two-down terraces, top-and-bottom houses and a few surviving back-to-back cottages. Between the 1970s and 2020 new housing estates have proliferated.
Raleigh Bicycle Company
The Raleigh Bicycle Company is a British bicycle brand based in Nottingham, England and founded by Woodhead and Angois in 1885.  Using Raleigh as their brand name, it is one of the oldest bicycle companies in the world. After being acquired by Frank Bowden in December 1888, it became The Raleigh Cycle Company, which was registered as a limited liability company in January 1889.  By 1913, it was the largest bicycle manufacturing company in the world. From 1921 to 1935, Raleigh also produced motorcycles and three-wheel cars, leading to the formation of Reliant Motors. Raleigh bicycle is now a brand owned by the Dutch bicycle group Accell which it uses in Europe  and licences out in other territories including to  Canadian Tire in Canada  and Suncross in India. Design and manufacturing no longer take place in the UK.

In 2006, the Raleigh Chopper was named in the list of British design icons in the Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum.

Bicycle tire
A bicycle tire is a tire that fits on the wheel of a bicycle or similar vehicle. These tires may also be used on tricycles,  wheelchairs, and handcycles, frequently for racing. Bicycle tires provide an important source of suspension, generate the lateral forces necessary for balancing and turning, and generate the longitudinal forces necessary for propulsion and braking.  Although the use of a pneumatic tire greatly reduces rolling resistance compared to the use of a rigid wheel or solid tire, the tires are still typically the second largest source, after wind resistance (air drag), of power consumption on a level road. The modern detachable pneumatic bicycle tire contributed to the popularity and eventual dominance of the safety bicycle.

Bicycle tires are also used on unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, tandem bicycles, hand cycles, bicycle trailers, trailer bikes, and wheelchairs. Bicycle tyre sizings often fall under ISO 5775
Autonomous Port of Conakry
The Autonomous Port of Conakry is a bauxite exporting and container port in the city of Conakry, Guinea. It was ranked first port of West Africa in 2021 by the World Bank and S&P Global Market Intelligence.

Conakry
Conakry (/ˈkɒnəkri/ KON-ə-kree, French: [kɔnakʁi]; Susu: Kɔnakiri; N'Ko: ߞߐߣߊߞߙߌ߫, romanized: Kɔnakrí; Fula: 𞤑𞤮𞤲𞤢𞥄𞤳𞤭𞤪𞤭, romanized: Konaakiri) is the capital and largest city of Guinea. A port city, it serves as the economic, financial and cultural centre of Guinea. Its population as of the 2026 Guinea census was 3,407,327.

The population of Conakry is difficult to ascertain. The U.S. Department of State's Bureau of African Affairs has estimated it at 2 million, or one-sixth of the country's population.
Sandan-kyō
Sandan-kyō (Japanese: 三段峡, lit. 'three-level gorge') is a 16-kilometer long ravine in the Nishi-Chugoku Sanchi Quasi-National Park in Akiōta, Hiroshima, in southwestern Japan. Through it runs the Shibaki River, one of the Ōta River's tributaries. Sandan-kyō is known for its autumn foliage.

Akiōta, Hiroshima
Akiōta (安芸太田町, Akiōta-chō) is a town in Yamagata District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 28 April 2023, the town had an estimated population of 5,643 in 3066 households and a population density of 17 inhabitants per square kilometre (44/sq mi). The total area of the town is 341.89 square kilometres (132.00 sq mi).
Demetrius Gurieli
Demetrius Gurieli (Georgian: დემეტრე გურიელი, died c. 1668), of the House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1658 to 1668 and King of Imereti from 1663 to 1664. His rule in Guria as well as in Imereti were result of coups and part of a chaotic civil war raging in these western Georgian polities. Demetre's royal career in Imereti terminated with his deposition and blinding.

House of Gurieli
The House of Gurieli (Georgian: გურიელი) was a Georgian princely (mtavari) family and a ruling dynasty (dukes) of the southwestern Georgian province of Guria, which was autonomous and later, for a few centuries, independent. A few ducal rulers of the dynasty also rose in the 17th-18th centuries to be kings of the whole western Caucasus in place of the hereditary Bagrationi kings of Imereti.
Varangerhalvøya National Park
Varangerhalvøya National Park (Norwegian: Varangerhalvøya nasjonalpark) lies on the Varanger Peninsula in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the municipalities of Båtsfjord, Nesseby, Vadsø, and Vardø, in the northeasternmost part of Norway. The peninsula was earlier the largest area within the Arctic climate zone in mainland Norway, but with the 1991-2020 normals, much of the area is now considered to be a boreal climate rather than arctic. Much of the area is still alpine tundra.

Vadsø Municipality
Vadsø (Norwegian: [ˈvɑ̂dsøː] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Čáhcesuolu; Kven: Vesisaari) is a  municipality in Finnmark County, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Vadsø, which is also the administrative centre of Finnmark county. Other settlements in Vadsø include Ekkerøy, Kiby, Krampenes, Skallelv, Valen, and Vestre Jakobselv.

The 1,258-square-kilometre (486 sq mi) municipality is the 83rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vadsø is the 166th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,807. The municipality's population density is 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (12/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Trading with the Enemy Act
Trading with the Enemy Act is a stock short title used for legislation in the United Kingdom and the United States relating to trading with the enemy.

Trading with the Enemy Acts is also a generic name for a class of legislation generally passed during or approaching a war that prohibit not just mercantile activities with foreign nationals, but also acts that might assist the enemy. While originally limited to wartime, in the 20th century these Acts were applied in cases of national emergency as well.  For example, in 1940, before the United States entry into World War II the president imposed broad prohibitions on the transfer of property in which Norway or Denmark, or any citizen or national of those countries, or any other person aiding those countries, had any interest, with the exception of transfers which were licensed under the regulations of the Department of the Treasury.

Trading with the enemy
Trading with the enemy is a legal term of English origin that is used with a number of related meanings. It refers to:

An offence at common law and under statute

A ground for condemnation of ships in prize proceedings

A ground for illegality and nullity in contract
Fukushima (city)
Fukushima (福島市, Fukushima-shi; [ɸɯ̥kɯꜜɕima]) is the capital city of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. It is located in the northern part of the Nakadōri or central region of the prefecture. As of 1 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 275,850 in 122,130 households and a population density of 359 inhabitants per square kilometre (930/sq mi). The total area of the city is 767.72 square kilometres (296.42 sq mi).

The present-day city of Fukushima partially consists of most of the former Shinobu and Date Districts and a portion of the former Adachi District. The city is located in the Fukushima Basin's southwest area and nearby mountains.

There are many onsen on the outskirts of the city, including the resort areas of Iizaka Onsen, Takayu Onsen, and Tsuchiyu Onsen. Fukushima is also the location of the Fukushima Race Course, the only Japan Racing Association horse racing track in the Tōhoku region of Japan.

Date, Fukushima
Date (伊達市, Date-shi; [date]) is a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026, the city had an estimated population of 55,004 in 23,314 households and a population density of 219 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 265.10 square kilometres (102.36 sq mi).