hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MV Carolyn Chouest
MV Carolyn Chouest is a chartered support ship for the United States Navy that was originally assigned to the Special Missions Program to support NR-1, the deep submergence craft. She towed NR-1 between work areas, served as a floating supply warehouse and provided quarters for extra crew until the NR-1 was removed from service in 2008.

Since the 2010s the ship has been used to support American special forces units in the Pacific region.

American submarine NR-1
Deep Submergence Vessel NR-1 was a unique United States Navy nuclear-powered ocean engineering and research submarine built by the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics at Groton, Connecticut. NR-1 was launched on 25 January 1969, completed initial sea trials 19 August 1969, and was home-ported at Naval Submarine Base New London. She was the smallest nuclear submarine ever put into operation, casually known as "Nerwin" and never officially named or commissioned. The U.S. Navy is allocated a specific number of warships by Congress, but Admiral Hyman Rickover avoided using one of those allocations for the construction of NR-1 in order to circumvent the oversight that a warship receives from various bureaus.
Idiopathic hypoglycemia
Idiopathic hypoglycemia is a medical condition in which the glucose level in the blood (blood glucose) is abnormally low due to an undeterminable cause. This is considered an incomplete and unsatisfactory diagnosis by physicians and is rarely used by endocrinologists, as it implies an unfinished diagnostic evaluation. In general, the more severe the hypoglycemia and the more clearly it is proven, the less likely it is to remain "idiopathic". Idiopathic hypoglycemia can also be a synonym for reactive hypoglycemia or for hypoglycemia that is not diagnosed by a physician and does not fulfill the Whipple triad criteria. A more precise term for that condition is idiopathic postprandial syndrome.

Idiopathic postprandial syndrome
Idiopathic postprandial syndrome, colloquially but incorrectly known by some as hypoglycemia, describes a collection of clinical signs and symptoms similar to medical hypoglycemia but without the demonstrably low blood glucose levels which characterize said condition.

People with this condition suffer from recurrent episodes of altered mood and cognitive dysfunction, often accompanied by weakness and adrenergic symptoms such as shakiness. The episodes typically occur a few hours after a meal, rather than after many hours of fasting. The principal treatments recommended are extra small meals or snacks and avoidance of excessive simple sugars.
In Praise of the Vulnerable Man
"In Praise of the Vulnerable Man" is a song from Alanis Morissette's seventh studio album, Flavors of Entanglement. The single was released to digital download on August 18, 2008.The digital single includes the radio edit and the b-side "Break". The performance on the TV show "Jimmy Kimmel Live!" was used as the video clip and the only form of disclosure of the single. The song was performed on the "Flavors of Entanglement Tour".

Flavors of Entanglement Tour
The Flavors of Entanglement Tour was the seventh headlining concert tour by Canadian American recording artist, Alanis Morissette. The tour supports her seventh studio album, Flavors of Entanglement. Beginning in May 2008, the tour played over 90 shows in the Americas as well as throughout Europe.
Seuls
Seuls is a Franco-Belgian fantasy adventure children's comic book series written by Fabien Vehlmann and drawn by Bruno Gazzotti for Spirou Magazine. It centers on the adventures of five children who must fend for themselves in a mysterious world without  adults.

It was published in hardback albums by Dupuis from January 2006. The series comprises 14 volumes divided into 4 cycles.

The series has twice won a Prix Jeunesse 9-12 ans at the Angoulême Festival in 2007 and 2010. It has also received two Grand Prix du Journal de Mickey.

The albums have also been published in Dutch (by Dupuis), in English (by Cinebook), in German (by Piredda), in Norwegian (by QltrRebus) and in Spanish (by Dibbuks).

In 2017 a film adaptation of the series was made by David Moreau, starring Stéphane Bak, Sofia Lesaffre and Thomas Doret, with limited success.

By 2018, more than 2 million albums had been sold, with new albums topping the French sales rankings for comics.

Stéphane Bak
Stéphane Bak (born 19 September 1996) is a French actor and comedian of Congolese origin. He initially pursued a career in comedy and was showcased as the "youngest comedian in France". He further transitioned to cinema. He notably played the lead role in Twist in Bamako (2021) and achieved critical acclaim in Mother and Son (2023). He appeared in three of Wes Anderson's films, The French Dispatch (2021), Asteroid City (2023) and The Phoenician Scheme (2025).

Bak also lends his voice to Miles Morales in the French version of Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018), Oscar 2019 for Best Animated Feature Film,  and Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (2023).
Furthermore, he is the face of the haute couture brand Loewe and Cartier's ambassador for haute jewelry.
Blackbeard (miniseries)
Blackbeard is a 2006 American adventure-drama television miniseries based on the pirate Blackbeard, directed by Kevin Connor from a screenplay written by Bryce Zabel. It premiered on Hallmark Channel on June 17, 2006. The miniseries was shot on location in Thailand and the town of New Providence was built on a coconut plantation, and includes many factual names and places, but it is essentially a fictional story since Blackbeard's most notable exploits took place in North Carolina.

Bryce Zabel
Bryce H. Zabel (born May 17, 1954) is an American television producer, director, writer, and occasional actor. With hundreds of hours of produced film and television credits, Zabel has scripted a trio of mini-series which aired in the U.S. He also coauthored a book titled AD: After Disclosure, with prominent UFOlogist Richard Dolan. His mini-series include the medical thriller Pandemic (2007, Hallmark), the pirate adventure Blackbeard (2006, Hallmark), and the disaster epic The Poseidon Adventure (2005, NBC).
Sign (Flow song)
Sign is FLOW's eighteenth single. Its A-Side was used as the sixth opening theme song for Naruto Shippuden. The single has two editions: regular and limited. The limited edition includes a bonus CD with extra tracks, a wide cap sticker, double-sided jacket, and Sharingan sticker. It reached number 4 on the Oricon charts in its first week and charted for 6 weeks.

Flow (Japanese band)
Flow (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese rock band formed in 1998 as a five-piece band made up of two vocalists, a guitarist, a bassist, and a drummer. They are signed to Sacra Music. As of November 2023, the band has released 40 singles and 12 studio albums. Their songs have been featured in the opening sequences of several anime and Japanese drama series.
Her Dad the Constable
Her Dad the Constable is a 1911 American silent comedy-romance short film directed by R. F. Baker (Richard Foster Baker) and starring Francis X. Bushman.
Released as a split-reel with God's Inn by the Sea.

Richard Foster Baker
Richard Foster Baker (January 25, 1857 - February 21, 1921) was a director and actor in the U.S. during the silent movie era.

Richard Foster Baker was born January 25, 1857, in Detroit, Wayne, Michigan, USA. He died February 21, 1921, in Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Hindi
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa is an Indian Hindi-language reality singing television show. It started airing on Zee TV in 1995 as Sa Re Ga Ma. It is the oldest running game show in India as well as the oldest show on private television in India. The name of the show is derived from the first five notes in the octave of classical Indian music.

Zee TV
ZEE TV, also known as Z TV, is an Indian Hindi language general entertainment pay television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was launched on 1 October 1992 as the oldest privately owned television channel in India. It now broadcasts worldwide.
Stanowiska, Włoszczowa County
Stanowiska [stanɔˈviska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kluczewsko, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Kluczewsko, 14 km (9 mi) north of Włoszczowa, and 50 km (31 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Kluczewsko
Gmina Kluczewsko is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kluczewsko, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north of Włoszczowa and 50 km (31 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 137.05 square kilometres (52.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,191.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Przedbórz Landscape Park.
Tua River
Tua (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈtuɐ]) is a river in northeastern Portugal, flowing by the border of Vila Real District and Bragança District. It is a tributary of the Douro River. The biggest and most important city it flows through is Mirandela.

The Tua line was a narrow gauge railway which closely followed the banks of the river and was closed in 2008.

In 2017 the Foz Tua project, which includes a dam built near the mouth of the Tua River (at the confluence with the Douro River), started producing energy, after a long controversial process between Portuguese government and environmental organizations.

Linha do Tua
The Tua line was a metre gauge railway line in northern Portugal, which connected Tua to Bragança. The line was opened in 1887 and closed in 2018. The section from Mirandela to Brunheda is planned to be reopened in 2019.
Pittsburgh Xplosion
The Pittsburgh Xplosion was a professional basketball team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh were members of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) from 2006 to 2008. Founded in 2004 as the Pittsburgh Hard Hats as a member of the American Basketball Association (2000–present) (ABA), the team, following an ownership change, took the court as the Pennsylvania Pit Bulls. The team became the Xplosion in 2005, and joined the CBA in 2006. It has been replaced in the ABA with the modern day Pittsburgh Phantoms and later the Pittsburgh Bassets.  The Xplosion played at Pittsburgh Civic Arena and on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh at the Petersen Events Center, both in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Petersen Events Center
The Petersen Events Center (more commonly known as "The Pete") is a 12,508-seat multi-purpose arena on the campus of the University of Pittsburgh in the Oakland neighborhood. The arena is named for philanthropists John Petersen and his wife Gertrude, who donated $10 million for its construction. John Petersen, a Pitt alumnus, is a native of nearby Erie and is the retired president and CEO of Erie Insurance Group. The Petersen Events Center was winner of the 2003 Innovative Architecture & Design Honor Award from Recreation Management magazine.
Mark Haggan
Mark Haggan is a UK-based businessman and charity activist, particularly in the fields of student volunteering, education and international development.Currently, he is the chairman of two British NGOs (The AIESEC Foundation, and the award winning READ International).

He is also a quoted source on both Corporate Social Responsibility and Graduate recruitment.

In 1989, Haggan founded the Larne Grammar School Conservation and Environmental Group whilst a pupil in response to a Blue Peter campaign, and in 2018, he represented the programme in awarding a Blue Peter Cloth Emblem to the teacher who had supported the group through its 30 years.

He has been recognised by the charity AIESEC in the UK, of which he is a former director, with various awards for his ongoing support and commitment.

Haggan is also a motor sport enthusiast and regularly hosts Driver Q&A sessions in the British Touring Car Championship.

Larne Grammar School
Larne Grammar School is a co-educational voluntary grammar school located in Larne, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Founded in 1886 by Sir Edward Coey and John Crawford, it has around 760 pupils and 50 teaching staff.
2010 Porsche Supercup
The 2010 Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup season was the 18th Porsche Supercup season. It began on 13 March in Bahrain, and finished on 12 September at Monza, after ten races. Once again, the series was on the support package of the Formula One World Championship at all European rounds except Turkey.

The series was won by German René Rast, who won four out of first five races. Briton Nick Tandy was a runner-up with three wins.

Nick Tandy
Nicholas Tandy (born 5 November 1984) is a British racing driver who competes in the IMSA SportsCar Championship as a factory driver for Porsche. Tandy is the only person to have completed the Grand Slam of overall victories in major 24-hour races: winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2015; the Nürburgring 24 Hours in 2018; the Spa 24 Hours in 2020; and the 24 Hours of Daytona in 2025.

Other major career milestones for Tandy include overall victory at the 2015 Petit Le Mans and the 2025 12 Hours of Sebring, which made him the first driver in history to win the "Big Six" endurance races. He also has class victories at the 2013, 2018 and 2020 Petit Le Mans; the 2014 24 Hours of Daytona; and the 2018, 2019 and 2020 12 Hours of Sebring.
Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base
Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base or Nakhon Ratchasima Royal Thai Air Force Base is a base of the Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) in northeast Thailand, approximately 200 km (125 mi) northeast of Bangkok and about 4 km (2.5 mi) south of the centre of the city of Nakhon Ratchasima in the Nakhon Ratchasima Province (also known as "Khorat" or "Korat"), the largest province in Thailand.

During the Vietnam War, from 1962 to 1975, Korat RTAFB was a front-line facility of the United States Air Force (USAF) in Thailand.

During the 1980s and early-1990s, the airfield was jointly operated as a civil airport for Nakhon Ratchasima. This ended with the opening of Nakhon Ratchasima Airport in the early-1990s.

Nakhon Ratchasima
Nakhon Ratchasima (Thai: นครราชสีมา, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn râːt.t͡ɕʰā.sǐː.māː]) is the capital of Nakhon Ratchasima province, the largest city in Northeastern Thailand and the third-largest city in Thailand. It is 250 kilometres (160 mi) northeast of Bangkok, one of the four major cities of Isan (Northeast Thailand), known as the "big four of Isan", and has a population of 466,098 people as of 2021. The city is commonly known as Korat (โคราช, pronounced [kʰōː.râːt]), a shortened form of its name.

Korat is at the western edge of the Korat Plateau. Historically, it once marked the boundary between Lao and Siam territory. It is the gateway to the Lao-speaking northeast of Thailand.
The Bachelor's Club (1921 film)
The Bachelor's Club is a 1921 British silent comedy film directed by A. V. Bramble, starring Ben Field, Ernest Thesiger and Mary Brough, and based on the 1891 novel The Bachelor's Club by Israel Zangwill.

Israel Zangwill
Israel Zangwill (21 January 1864 – 1 August 1926) was a British author at the forefront of Zionism during the 19th century, and was a close associate of Theodor Herzl.  He later rejected the search for a Jewish homeland in Palestine and became the prime thinker behind the territorial movement.
Belluscone: A Sicilian Story
Belluscone: A Sicilian Story (Italian: Belluscone - una storia siciliana) is a 2014 Italian docu-fiction film written and directed by Franco Maresco. It was screened in the Horizons section at the 71st Venice International Film Festival, winning the Special Jury Prize.

71st Venice International Film Festival
The 71st annual Venice International Film Festival , was held from 27 August to 6 September 2014, at Venice Lido in Italy.

French composer Alexandre Desplat was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actress Luisa Ranieri  hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival. The Golden Lion was awarded to A Pigeon Sat on a Branch Reflecting on Existence by Roy Andersson.

American editor Thelma Schoonmaker and American filmmaker Frederick Wiseman were the recipients of the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement.

The festival poster paid tribute to François Truffaut, as it featured the character of Antoine Doinel portrayed by Jean-Pierre Léaud from Truffaut's 1959 drama film The 400 Blows.

The festival opened with Birdman by Alejandro G. Iñárritu, and closed with The Golden Era by Ann Hui.
Luna: Wolf Moon
Luna: Wolf Moon is a 2017 science fiction novel by British author Ian McDonald. It is the second book in a three-part series that also includes Luna: New Moon and Luna: Moon Rising.

The novel explores the aftermath of the Corta family's destruction at the hands of their enemies on the Moon as the survivors seek salvation and revenge. The novel was released in the UK on 23 March 2017, and in the US on 28 March 2017.

Ian McDonald (British author)
Ian McDonald (born 1960) is a British science fiction novelist, living in Belfast. His themes include nanotechnology, postcyberpunk settings, and the impact of rapid social and technological change on non-Western societies.
Yonezawa, Yamagata
Yonezawa (米沢市, Yonezawa-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 February 2020, the city had an estimated population of 81,707 in 33,278 households, and a population density of 150 persons per km2.  The total area of the city is 548.51 square kilometres (212 sq mi).  Yonezawa is most famous for its local delicacies (apples, Yonezawa beef, and carp) and for being a castle town that was once home to the Uesugi clan, including the daimyō Uesugi Yozan.

Yonezawa beef
Yonezawa beef (米沢牛, Yonezawa gyū) is wagyū (Japanese beef) originating in the Yonezawa region of Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Yamagata's government claims Yonezawa is considered one of the generally recognised three most famous beef brands in Japan, along with Kobe beef and Matsusaka beef, but Ōmi beef may have a better claim to this distinction.
Linda Zervakis
Linda Zervakis (Greek: Λίντα Ζερβάκη; born 25 July 1975 in Hamburg) is a German-Greek television presenter as well as newsreader and journalist. She was the first Tagesschau presenter with an immigrant background.

Tagesschau (German TV programme)
Tagesschau (pronounced [ˈtaːɡəsˌʃaʊ̯] ⓘ, lit. 'Review of the Day') is a German national and international television news service produced by the editorial staff of ARD-aktuell on behalf of the German public-service television network ARD.

The main edition of the programme is aired at 20:00 (08:00 pm) on Das Erste. It is also simulcast on several ARD-affiliated networks, including NDR Fernsehen, RBB Fernsehen, SWR Fernsehen, WDR Fernsehen, hr-fernsehen, 3sat, Phoenix, and ARD-alpha. It also broadcasts for most of the day on Tagesschau24. Recorded Tagesschau newscasts can also be seen via YouTube internationally. The programme provides a website, tagesschau.de, managed by ARD.
Schlechterella
Schlechterella is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae (the dogbane family). It is native to Africa, found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda.

As of July 2024, the genus contained two species:

Schlechterella abyssinica (Chiov.) Venter & R.L.Verh.

Schlechterella africana (Schltr.) K.Schum.

The genus was circumscribed by Karl Moritz Schumann in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Gesamtregister: on page 462 in 1899.

The genus name of Schlechterella is in honour of Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter (1872–1925), who was a German taxonomist, botanist, and author of several works on orchids.

Rudolf Schlechter
Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter (16 October 1872 – 16 November 1925) was a German taxonomist, botanist, and author of several works on orchids.

He went on botanical expeditions in Africa, Indonesia, New Guinea, South and Central America and Australia.

His vast herbarium was destroyed during the bombing of Berlin in 1945.
Ruvo di Puglia
Ruvo di Puglia (Italian: [ˈruːvo di ˈpuʎʎa]; Ruvestine: Rìuve [ˈriːuvə]) is a city and comune (municipality) of 25,457 inhabitants (as of 2017)  in the Metropolitan City of Bari in Apulia.

It is an art city of Apulia, and an Apulian tourist destination. Part of the Alta Murgia national park, which contains its own operational office, it is home to the Jatta National Archaeological Museum, known for its many Hellenistic period pieces including the Vase of Talos, a community symbol. It is also home to the Municipal Art Gallery of Contemporary Art, named after Domenico Cantatore, a ruvestine expressionist and cubist painter. His artwork is kept there. Additionally, the city houses the Book Museum at Palazzo Caputi, where volumes of medieval and renaissance poetry originates from. It is also the third largest municipality in the Metropolitan City of Bari. It is an olive oil and wine producer city, and an important industrial research center of the Apulian region.

Barese dialect
Barese dialect (natively dialètte barése; Italian: dialetto barese) is an Italo-Romance dialect belonging to the "southern intermediate" group (or Neapolitan), spoken in the regions of Apulia and Basilicata. Influences include Messapian, Oscan, Greek, Spanish, Old French, Franco-Provençal and Arabic, creating one of the most distinct Italian dialects both phonetically and lexically.
Il Xerse
Il Xerse, usually written Xerse (English: Xerxes; French: Xerxès), is an Italian opera by Francesco Cavalli (specifically, a dramma per musica) about Xerxes I. The libretto was written by Nicolò Minato and was later set by both Giovanni Bononcini (Xerse, 1694) and George Frideric Handel (Serse, 1738). Minato's plot outline is loosely based on Book 7 of Herodotus's Histories. The opera, consisting of a prologue and three acts, was composed in 1654 and first performed on 12 January 1655 at the Teatro SS. Giovanni e Paolo in Venice. It was dedicated to the Ferrarese nobleman Marchese Cornelio Bentivoglio.

Francesco Cavalli
Francesco Cavalli (born Pietro Francesco Caletti-Bruni; 14 February 1602 – 14 January 1676) was a Venetian composer, organist and singer of the early Baroque period. He succeeded his teacher Claudio Monteverdi as the dominant and leading opera composer of the mid 17th-century. A central figure of Venetian musical life, Cavalli wrote more than thirty operas, almost all of which premiered in the city's theaters. His best known works include Ormindo (1644), Giasone (1649) and La Calisto (1651).
Dot cancellation test
The dot cancellation test  or Bourdon–Wiersma test is a commonly used test of combined visual perception and vigilance.

The test has been used in the evaluation of stroke where subjects were instructed to cross out all groups of four dots on an A4 paper. The numbers of uncrossed groups of four dots, groups of dots other than four crossed, and the time spent (maximum, 15 minutes) were taken into account. The Group–Bourdon test, a modification of the Bourdon–Wiersma, is one of a number of psychometric tests which trainee train drivers in the UK are required to pass.

The test is based on the work of French psychologist Benjamin B. Bourdon (1860–1943) and Dutch neurologist Enno Dirk Wiersma (1858–1940).

Benjamin B. Bourdon
Benjamin B. Bourdon (1860–1943) was a French psychologist born in Normandy on August 5, 1860. He is often referred to as a pioneer of experimental psychology in France. Bourdon founded the first university established Experimental Psychology and Linguistics laboratory at the University of Rennes in 1896 and integrated the first experimental psychology course in a provincial university in 1891. His life is known by means of his (1932) autobiography in Carl Murchison`s compilation of autobiographies (1932) and biographies by Nicolas, S. (1998), Beuchet (1961), and Piéron (1961).  The accounts of Bourdon's life describe him as   one of the few French advocates of the new scientific psychology.