hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dorothy Bowers
Dorothy Bowers (1902–1948) was a British mystery novelist. After graduating from Oxford University she became a history teacher as well as compiling crossword puzzles. Her debut novel Postscript to Poison was well received by critics. Her five novels were all published during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. She died from tuberculosis shortly after having been elected to the Detection Club in recognition of her novels. She had been considered a natural successor to Dorothy L. Sayers.

Detection Club
The Detection Club was formed in 1930 by a group of British mystery writers, including Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Ronald Knox, Freeman Wills Crofts, Arthur Morrison, Hugh Walpole, John Rhode, Jessie Louisa Rickard, Baroness Orczy, R. Austin Freeman, G. D. H. Cole, Margaret Cole, E. C. Bentley, Henry Wade, Constance Lindsay Taylor and H. C. Bailey. Anthony Berkeley Cox was instrumental in setting up the club, and the first president was G. K. Chesterton. There is a fanciful initiation ritual with an oath written by Sayers, and the club holds regular dinner meetings in London.
William Collingwood (1819–1903)
William Collingwood R.W.S. (23 April 1819 – 25 June 1903) was an English watercolour painter best known for his mountain landscapes.  He also wrote on religion. He should not be confused with his cousin, the painter William Collingwood Smith, or his son, the painter, author and antiquarian William Gershom Collingwood, who was John Ruskin's "disciple and secretary".

W. G. Collingwood
William Gershom Collingwood (/ˈkɒlɪŋˌwʊd/; 6 August 1854 – 1 October 1932) was an English author, artist, antiquary and professor of Fine Arts at University College, Reading. A long-term resident of Coniston, Cumbria, he was President of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian Society (1920-32) and the Lake Artists' Society.
Ehden massacre
The Ehden massacre (Arabic: مجزرة إهدن, romanized: Majzarat Ehden) took place on 13 June 1978, during the 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War. It was an inter-Christian attack between Maronite clans. A Kataeb militia attacked the summer house of the Frangieh family in Ehden leading to the death of over 40 people including Tony Frangieh and his family. Tony Frangieh was the eldest son of Sulaiman Frangieh, leader of the Marada Brigade and scion of one of the most powerful northern Maronite clans. He was 36 years old when he was killed.

Lebanese Forces (militia)
The Lebanese Forces (Arabic: القوات اللبنانية, romanized: al-Quwwāt al-Lubnāniyya) was the main Lebanese Christian faction during the Lebanese Civil War. Resembling the Lebanese Front, which was an umbrella organization for different parties, the Lebanese Forces was a militia that integrated fighters originating from the different Christian right-wing paramilitary groups, the largest of which was the Kataeb Party's militia. It was mainly staffed by Maronites and  Christians of other denominations loyal to Bachir Gemayel, and fought against the Lebanese National Movement, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the Syrian Armed Forces among others. The group gained infamy for their perpetration of the 1982 Sabra and Shatila massacre, which primarily targeted Palestinian refugees following Bachir Gemayel's assassination.
Edmonton City Centre
Edmonton City Centre is a multi-structure retail and office tower complex in the downtown core of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, extending west from Churchill Square. Originally named Edmonton Centre, it started operation in 1974 with the opening of the then-named City Centre Place office tower, expanding through construction and the 1999 acquisition of the interconnected Eaton Centre (with the expanded complex being renamed Edmonton City Centre), into a multi-level shopping mall, three office towers, and two hotel towers.

Churchill Square (Edmonton)
Churchill Square (officially "Sir Winston Churchill Square") is the main downtown square in Edmonton, Alberta, which plays host to a large number of festivals and events including: the Edmonton International Street Performers Festival, Edmonton Fashion Week, The Works Art & Design Festival, Taste of Edmonton, Cariwest, and Edmonton Pride.
Palehound
Palehound is the project of El Kempner (they/them) who has released five albums, Dry Food (2015), A Place I'll Always Go (2017), Black Friday (2019), Eye on the Bat (2023) and Live at First Congregational Church (2024); as well as the Bent Nail EP (2013) and a number of 7" singles. Initially a solo project, the touring band currently features Kempner on vocals/guitar, Jamie Pompei on drums, Beck Zegans on guitar, and Miles Toth on bass. In 2015, the band received the Boston Music Award for new artist of the year.

Exploding in Sound
Exploding in Sound is an American independent record label started by Post-Trash founder Dan Goldin and Dave Spak while students at Northeastern University. It is based in New York City. The label was founded in 2011 and has released albums from Speedy Ortiz, Pile, LVL UP, and Porches.
Video codec
A video codec is software or hardware that compresses and decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, codec is a portmanteau of encoder and decoder, while a device that only compresses is typically called an encoder, and one that only decompresses is a decoder.

The compressed data format usually conforms to a standard video coding format. The compression is typically lossy, meaning that the compressed video lacks some information present in the original video. A consequence of this is that decompressed video has lower quality than the original, uncompressed video because there is insufficient information to accurately reconstruct the original video.

There are complex relationships between the video quality, the amount of data used to represent the video (determined by the bit rate), the complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms, sensitivity to data losses and errors, ease of editing, random access, and end-to-end delay (latency).

Codec
A codec is a computer hardware or software component that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder.

In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, and hence is a type of codec. Endec is a portmanteau of encoder/decoder.

A coder or encoder encodes a data stream or a signal for transmission or storage, possibly in encrypted form, and the decoder function reverses the encoding for playback or editing. Codecs are used in videoconferencing, streaming media, and video editing applications.
Manoir de Mézarnou
The Manoir de Mézarnou (Breton: Maner Mézarnou) is a fortified 16th century manor-house located in the Finistère département of Brittany in northwestern France. It is located in the small rural town of Plounéventer, near Landivisiau. It was erected by Yves de Parcevaux, who reorganised the domaine between 1571 and 1591.

Guy Éder de La Fontenelle
Guy Éder de Beaumanoir de la Haye (1573 – September 1602), also known by his nicknames La Fontenelle or Ar Bleiz (the "Wolf" in Breton), was a French nobleman, seigneur de Le Vieux-Bourg, de Saint-Gildas et du Leslay, and a warlord active in Brittany in the late 16th century.
Masa (restaurant)
Masa (雅) is a Japanese and sushi restaurant in the Shops at Columbus Circle, on the fourth floor of the Deutsche Bank Center at 10 Columbus Circle, in Manhattan, New York City.

The restaurant was opened by Chef Masa Takayama in 2004. Located next door to the restaurant is Bar Masa, cheaper and offering an à la carte menu. In 2009, a second Bar Masa opened inside Aria in Las Vegas which closed in 2018.

Columbus Circle
Columbus Circle is a traffic circle and heavily trafficked intersection in the New York City borough of Manhattan, located at the intersection of Eighth Avenue, Broadway, Central Park South (West 59th Street), and Central Park West, at the southwest corner of Central Park. The circle is the point from which official highway distances from New York City are measured, as well as the center of the 25 miles (40 km) restricted-travel area for C-2 visa holders.

The circle is named after the monument of Christopher Columbus in the center, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The name is also used for the neighborhood that surrounds the circle for a few blocks in each direction. Hell's Kitchen, also known as Clinton, is located to the southwest, and the Theater District is to the southeast and the Lincoln Square section of the Upper West Side is to the northwest.
Bala Şürük
Bala Şürük (also, Bala-Şürük, Bala Shuryuk, and Malyy Shuryuk) is a village and municipality in the Lankaran Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,476. The municipality consists of the villages of Bala Şürük and Kosalar.

Kosalar, Lankaran
38°43′00″N 48°46′45″E﻿ / ﻿38.71667°N 48.77917°E﻿ / 38.71667; 48.77917

Kosalar (also, Kasalar) is a village in the Lankaran Rayon of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Bala Şürük.
Bridgwater College Academy
Bridgwater College Academy is a mixed all-through Academy which combines both primary and secondary education for pupils aged 3 to 16. The academy, which is sponsored by Bridgwater College, is located in Bridgwater, Somerset, England. It was established in September 2012 following the merger of East Bridgwater Community School with Sedgemoor Manor Junior and Infants schools.

Bridgwater
Bridgwater is a historic market town and civil parish in Somerset, England. The town had a population of 41,276 at the 2021 census. Bridgwater is at the edge of the Somerset Levels, in level and well-wooded country. The town lies along both sides of the River Parrett; it has been a major inland port and trading centre since the industrial revolution. Most of its industrial bases still stand today. Its larger neighbour, Taunton, is linked to Bridgwater via a canal, the M5 motorway and the Bristol–Exeter railway line.

Historically, the town had a politically radical tendency. The Battle of Sedgemoor, where the Monmouth Rebellion was finally crushed in 1685, was fought nearby. Notable buildings include the Church of St Mary and Blake Museum, which is a largely restored house in Blake Street and was the birthplace of Admiral Blake in 1598. The town has an arts centre and plays host to the annual Bridgwater Guy Fawkes Carnival.
The Jesse Owens Story
The Jesse Owens Story is a 1984 American two-part, four-hour made-for-television biographical film about the black athlete Jesse Owens. Dorian Harewood plays the Olympic gold-winning athlete. The drama won a 1985 Primetime Emmy Award and was nominated for two more. It originally premiered in syndication on July 9 and 10, 1984 as part of Operation Prime Time's syndicated programming.

Operation Prime Time
Operation Prime Time (OPT) was a consortium of American independent television stations to develop prime time programming for independent stations. OPT and its spin-off syndication company, Television Program Enterprises (TPE), were formed by Al Masini. During its existence, OPT was considered the de facto fourth television network. OPT was also called an occasional television network and occasional program alternative.

OPT inspired syndication and network models that arose in later years, such as The Disney Afternoon, Prime Time Entertainment Network, The CW Plus, and MyNetworkTV.
Heylerosauridae
Heylerosauridae is a family of mastodonsauroid temnospondyls. It was first named in 1980 to include the genera Odenwaldia and Quasicyclotosaurus. In addition to these genera, the family now includes Eocyclotosaurus and Yuanansuchus. Recent phylogenetic analyses have not found a close relationship between Odenwaldia and other heylerosaurids and place it outside the family. Heylerosaurids are generally regarded as the sister taxon of the stenotosaurids.

Eocyclotosaurus
Eocyclotosaurus (Greek 'èoos' = dawn, 'kyklos' = circle, 'ous' = ear ) is an extinct genus of mastodonsauroid temnospondyl from the Middle Triassic (Anisian). The name Eocyclotosaurus means "dawn round-eared lizard". It is characterized as a capitosauroid with a long and slender snout, closed otic fenestra, and small orbits. It measured over one metre and had a 22 cm skull.

It lived between 247 and 242 million years ago in both North America, Germany, France and the British Isles during the early Triassic.
Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument
The Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument – Global Europe, also known as the NDICI-GE or simply Global Europe, is a European Union financial instrument through which the EU invests in development, improving governance, and fighting climate change in non-EU states.

The NDICI-GE is part of the wider Global Gateway strategy.

Global Gateway
The Global Gateway Initiative is a strategy by the European Union to invest in infrastructure projects worldwide. The project was initiated by the EU Commission under the leadership of Ursula von der Leyen. Over the period 2021–2027, the EU will invest €300 billion. Investment into Africa is the regional priority of the initiative, as half the funds are allocated to projects on the continent. They aim to improve the green transition, digital transition, sustainable economic growth, health care and education in Africa.

The initiative is seen as an alternative or rival to the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative. The EU wants to encourage links, and not dependencies, according to von der Leyen. As of December 2022, Global Gateway has been criticised for failing to provide concrete details on projects and drawing heavily on already-existing programmes.
Star Wars: Light of the Jedi
Star Wars: The High Republic: Light of the Jedi is the first novel of the Star Wars: The High Republic multi-media project launched in 2021. The novel was written by Charles Soule, and is set approximately 200 years before the events of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace. It was followed by a sequel, The Rising Storm.

Star Wars: The High Republic
Star Wars: The High Republic is a multimedia project consisting of various stories from the Star Wars franchise set in its fictional universe during the "High Republic" era, which spans approx. 500 to 100 years before the Skywalker Saga and is set hundreds of years after the fall of the "Old Republic". The initiating event of the sub-franchise is "The Great Disaster" involving the antagonistic "space Vikings" known as the Nihil and the subsequent intervention of the Jedi.

The series' novel series is divided into three phases. The first, Light of the Jedi, ran from January 2021 to February 2022. The second phase, Quest of the Jedi, started in October 2022. The third phase, Trials of the Jedi, began in November 2023 with the release of George Mann's novel The Eye of Darkness. The series' television series includes Young Jedi Adventures (2023–2025) and The Acolyte (2024).
International Year of Millets
Food and Agriculture Organization and United Nations has recognised 2023 as International Year of Millets or IYM2023 for awareness about health and nutritional benefits of millets. The Indian Government proposed to celebrate 2023 as International Year of Millets.

Because millets use less water to produce and grow in less time, they can be alternatives to imported cereals. Millets also have high nutritional values.

Millet
Millets (/ˈmɪlɪts/) are a highly varied group of small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Most millets belong to the tribe Paniceae.

Millets are important crops in the semi-arid tropics of Asia and Africa, especially in India, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger, with 97% of production in developing countries. The crop is favoured for its productivity and short growing season under hot dry conditions. The millets are sometimes understood to include the widely cultivated sorghum; apart from that, pearl millet is the most commonly cultivated of the millets. Finger millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, little millet, kodo millet, browntop millet and foxtail millet are other important crop species.
Millets may have been consumed by humans for about 7,000 years and potentially had "a pivotal role in the rise of multi-crop agriculture and settled farming societies".
Hornopirén
Hornopirén is a town in the commune of Hualaihué in Palena Province, southern Chile. It lies along the northern portion of Carretera Austral. It had 3,629 inhabitants as of 2017.
Hornopirén is an important tourist stop on Chile’s Carretera Austral (Highway 7) and serves as the departure point for the bi-modal car ferry system on the Carretera Austral through the Palena Province. It also provides access to Hornopirén National Park and the Northern Patagonia Fjordlands. Boat trips run from the town to remote hot springs and campgrounds in the fjordlands.

Carretera Austral
The Carretera Austral (CH-7, in English: Southern Way) is the name given to Chile's Route 7. The highway runs south for about 1,240 kilometers (770 mi) from Puerto Montt to Villa O'Higgins, passing through rural Patagonia.

Carretera Austral provides road access to Chile's Aysén Region and southern parts of Los Lagos Region. These areas are sparsely populated and despite its length, Carretera Austral provides access to only about 100,000 people. The largest city along the entire road is Coyhaique with a population of 53,715 in 2010.
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
The Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) is a research institute where scientists study the use of data from geostationary and polar orbit weather satellites to improve forecasts of weather (including tropical cyclones and severe storms. CIMSS was formed through a Memorandum of Understanding between the University of Wisconsin–Madison, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). CIMSS parent organization, the Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC) is a primary developer and operator of environmental satellite technologies.

It is one of 16 NOAA Cooperative Institutes (CIs).

Space Science and Engineering Center
The Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC) is a research and development center with primary focus on Earth science research and technology to enhance understanding of the atmosphere of Earth, the other planets in the Solar System, and the cosmos. SSEC is part of the University of Wisconsin–Madison's Graduate School.
Calcitronidae
The family Calcitronidae is an extinct group of arachnids. Its two monotypic genera are only known from Pliocene deposits of calcite in Arizona. The family has been placed in the order Schizomida, but a review of the order concluded that "the fossil taxa ... are so poorly known that final placement must await further study and possibly new material", and they are not listed in the order in a 2016 catalog of fossil arachnids.

Schizomida
Schizomida, also known as sprickets or short-tailed whip-scorpions, is an order of arachnids, generally less than 5 millimetres (0.20 in) in length. The order is not yet widely studied. E. O. Wilson has identified schizomids as among the "groups of organisms that desperately need experts to work on them."
History of the Japanese in Metro Detroit
In 2002, there were 6,413 people of Japanese origin, including Japanese citizens and Japanese Americans, in the Wayne-Oakland-Macomb tri-county area in Metro Detroit, making them the fifth-largest Asian ethnic group there. In that year, within an area stretching from Sterling Heights to Canton Township in the shape of a crescent, most of the ethnic Japanese lived in the center. In 2002, the largest populations of ethnic Japanese people were located in Novi and West Bloomfield Township. In April 2013, the largest Japanese national population in the State of Michigan was in Novi, with 2,666 Japanese residents. West Bloomfield had the third-largest Japanese population and Farmington Hills had the fourth largest Japanese population.

Japanese School of Detroit
The Japanese School of Detroit (JSD) (デトロイトりんご会補習授業校, Detoroito Ringo Kai Hoshū Jugyō Kō) is a Saturday-only Japanese supplementary educational school in Metro Detroit. It is often called "Ringo Kai." As of December 2011 it has almost 800 students. The school office is located in Novi Meadows Elementary School, which is the class location of the preschool and elementary school levels. Middle and high school classes are held at Novi High School.

The purpose of the Japanese School of Detroit is to provide Japanese children with opportunities to learn the supplementary curricula of the Japanese education in the Japanese language while they stay in the U.S., so that children will adapt themselves back into the Japanese educational environment without much difficulty when they return to Japan. Japanese families stay in the U.S. for 3–5 years on average.

As of 2015 it is the world's third largest hoshūkō.
24th Rifle Corps
The 24th Rifle Corps was a corps of the Red Army. It was part of the 27th Army and took part in the Great Patriotic War. It appears to have been initially formed in the Kalinin Military District, around what is today Tver, in 1939 during the Soviet invasion of Poland. In 1940 it was relocated to Soviet-occupied Latvia with units of the dissolved Latvian Army added to the corps.

181st Rifle Division
The 181th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Red Army during World War II that was active from 1940-1945. It was created from former units of the Latvian Army after the Soviet occupation of Latvia.
MV Manx Viking
The MV Manx Viking / Nindawayma was a passenger, truck and car ferry, whose last active service was on Lake Huron, operated by the Owen Sound Transportation Company; under contract to the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. In Canadian service she served the Highway 6 route between Tobermory and South Baymouth, Manitoulin Island from 1989 to 1992 alongside the MS Chi-Cheemaun.

MV Tynwald
MV Tynwald was a roll-on-roll-off car and cargo vessel operated by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company between 1986 and 1990, the sixth ship in the history of the line to bear the name. Built as Antrim Princess for service on the Stranraer–Larne route, she was chartered under her original name until 1986.
Stonehenge Riverside Project
The Stonehenge Riverside Project was a major Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded archaeological research study of the development of the Stonehenge landscape in Neolithic and Bronze Age Britain. In particular, the project examined the relationship between the stones and surrounding monuments and features, including the River Avon, Durrington Walls, the Cursus, the Avenue, Woodhenge, burial mounds, and nearby standing stones. The project involved a substantial amount of fieldwork and ran from 2003 to 2009. It found that Stonehenge was built 500 years earlier than previously thought. The monument is believed to have been built to unify the peoples of Britain. It also found a previously unknown stone circle, Bluestonehenge.

Woodhenge
Woodhenge is a Neolithic Class II henge and timber circle monument within the Stonehenge World Heritage Site in Wiltshire, England.  It is 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Stonehenge, in Durrington parish, just north of the town of Amesbury.