hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brahma Vishnu Maheshwara
Brahma Vishnu Maheshwara (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1988 Indian Kannada-language action drama film, written and directed by Rajachandra and produced by Rohini Pictures. The film had an ensemble cast including Ambareesh, Ananth Nag, V. Ravichandran, Thulasi, Kiran Juneja and Mahalakshmi, while many other prominent actors featured in supporting roles. The soundtrack and score composition were by Vijayanand, and the lyrics along with the dialogues were written by Chi. Udaya Shankar. The film was a remake of 1977 Tamil film Chakravarthy which was also remade in Telugu as Mugguru Mithrulu (1985) and in Hindi as Dosti Dushmani (1986).

Chakravarthy (1977 film)
Chakravarthy is a 1977 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed by Krishnan–Panju. It was later remade in Telugu as Mugguru Mithrulu (1985), in Hindi as Dosti Dushmani (1986) and in Kannada as Brahma Vishnu Maheshwara (1988).
John Waters (columnist)
John Augustine Waters (born 28 May 1955) is a far-right Irish columnist, political candidate, journalist and author. He started his career with the music and politics magazine Hot Press, and the Sunday Tribune newspaper. He later edited the social magazine In Dublin and the investigative and current affairs magazine Magill. He became a regular columnist at the Irish Times and Irish Independent, while authoring some works on non-fiction, and developed The Whoseday Book which raised 3 million euros for charity. He has also been a member of the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland.

Waters was an unsuccessful independent candidate in the 2020 Irish general election for the Dún Laoghaire constituency. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Midlands–North-West constituency at the 2024 European Parliament election.

Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
The Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution (Marriage Equality) Act 2015 (previously bill no. 5 of 2015) amended the Constitution of Ireland to permit marriage to be contracted by two persons without distinction as to their sex. Prior to the enactment, the Constitution was assumed to contain an implicit prohibition on same-sex marriage in Ireland. It was approved at a referendum on 22 May 2015 by 62% of voters on a turnout of 61%. This was the first time that a state legalised same-sex marriage through a popular vote. Two legal challenges regarding the conduct of the referendum were dismissed on 30 July by the Court of Appeal, and the bill was signed into law by the President of Ireland on 29 August. An amendment to the Marriage Act 2015 provided for marriages permitted by the new constitutional status. The act came into force on 16 November 2015; the first same-sex marriage ceremony was held on 17 November 2015.
Chromatic homotopy theory
In mathematics, chromatic homotopy theory is a subfield of stable homotopy theory that studies complex-oriented cohomology theories from the "chromatic" point of view, which is based on Quillen's work relating cohomology theories to formal groups. In this picture, theories are classified in terms of their "chromatic levels"; i.e., the heights of the formal groups that define the theories via the Landweber exact functor theorem. Typical theories it studies include: complex K-theory, elliptic cohomology, Morava K-theory and tmf.

Morava K-theory
In stable homotopy theory, a branch of mathematics, Morava K-theory is one of a collection of cohomology theories introduced in algebraic topology by Jack Morava in unpublished preprints in the early 1970s. For every prime number p (which is suppressed in the notation), it consists of theories K(n) for each nonnegative integer n, each a ring spectrum in the sense of homotopy theory.   Johnson & Wilson (1975) published the first account of the theories.
Cota, Cundinamarca
Cota is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Central Savanna Province of the department of Cundinamarca. Cota is part of the metropolitan area of Colombian capital Bogotá which centre is 26 kilometres (16 mi) away. The urban centre of Cota is located at an altitude of 2,566 metres (8,419 ft) and the municipality borders Chía in the north, Funza in the south, Suba, part of Bogotá in the east and Tenjo in the west.

Funza
Funza (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈfunsa]) is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Western Savanna Province, of the department of Cundinamarca. Funza is situated on the Bogotá savanna, the southwestern part of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense with the urban centre at an altitude of 2,548 metres (8,360 ft). In Funza the La Florida wetland, part of the wetlands of Bogotá, a remnant of the Pleistocene Lake Humboldt, still exists. The town is part of the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá and borders Madrid and Tenjo in the north, Mosquera in the south, Madrid in the west and Cota and the locality Engativá of the capital Bogotá in the east. The eastern boundary is formed by the Bogotá River. Funza is the site of the former main settlement Bacatá of the Muisca Confederation. Modern Funza was founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada during the Spanish conquest of the Muisca on April 20, 1537.
Brolo
Brolo (Sicilian: Brolu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of Palermo and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Messina.

Brolo borders the following municipalities: Ficarra, Naso, Piraino, Sant'Angelo di Brolo.

Until 1960 the economy was mostly based on agriculture, the main produces including olives and lemons. Now the economy is based on buildings houses, commerce and some summer tourism.

Piraino
Piraino (Sicilian: Piràinu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of Palermo and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Messina.

The municipality of Piraino contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Calanovella, Fiumara, Gliaca, Lacco, Leomandri, Merca, S.Arcangelo, S.Biagio, S.Costantino, S.Ignazio, S.Leonardo, Salinà, and Zappardino.

Piraino borders the following municipalities: Sant'Angelo di Brolo, Brolo, Gioiosa Marea.
Telephone counseling
Telephone counseling (also known as telephone therapy, telephone-based or telephone-delivered psychological treatment) refers to the use of the telephone to deliver any type of psychological treatment or therapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy) for mental health difficulties (like depression, anxiety). Telephone therapy can be as effective as traditional, face-to-face therapy. Along with online therapy, it is a type of telepsychology service. In telephone-based therapy, there is verbal communication, but no non-verbal communication which is present in video calls, for example.

Telepsychology
Telepsychology is the use of telemedicine within the practice of psychotherapy, wherein a medical professional uses online tools to assist patients. Some tools may include, but are not limited to: Zoom (software), Skype, email, online chatting, Oovoo, text-messaging, phone call, or using a smart phone app. Not only is telepsychology cost-effective, it also helps connect medical professionals to underserved patients while being more comforting and convenient to both parties. Tele interventions (e.g. Zoom) can also be combined with online interventions (e.g. online modules, psychoeducation, or training diaries). Such formats indicate comparable therapy mechanisms as known from face-to-face therapy (e.g. changes in cognitive style, behavior changes)
Kurd Qaburstan
Kurd Qaburstan, is an ancient Near East archaeological site in the Erbil Governorate, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, 22 kilometers southwest of Erbil. It is considered one of the most important archaeological sites in the region. The site is strategically located between the Upper and Lower Zab rivers. The modern village of Yedi Kizlar is adjacent to and covers a portion of the southeastern lower town. The site is primarily a single-period site dating to the early 2nd millennium BC, the Middle Bronze Age (contemporaneous with the historical Old Babylonian period). There is also a compact Late Bronze Age occupation on the high mound (possibly Mitanni-related). Kurd Qaburstan has been proposed as the location of the ancient city of Qabra. The site is located near Tell Halawa, Tell Aliawa, Tell Baqrta, and Qasr Shemamok (Kilizi), other prominent sites on the Erbil plain.

Qasr Shemamok
Qasr Shemamok (also Qasr Shamamuk and earlier Kasr of Shomamok) is an ancient Near East archaeological site about 30 kilometers south of modern Erbil (ancient Arbela, possibly ancient Urbilum) in Erbil Governorate, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq on the west bank of the Shiwazor river. It is about 25 kilometers from the ancient site of Nimrud. Remains at the site date mainly to the Hurrian, Middle Assyrian, Neo-Assyrian, Parthian, and Sassanian times. Under the Assyrians, it was named Kilizu (or Kakzu or even Kilizi) and was a provincial capital. It is not far from the ancient sites of Kurd Qaburstan (possibly ancient Qabra), Tell Halawa, Tell Aliawa, and Tell Baqrta (which reached 80 hectares in the Early Bronze Age).
Chapada Gaúcha
Chapada Gaúcha is a municipality in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The population in 2020 was 13,953 in an area of 3,215 km2.  The elevation of the municipal seat is 872 meters.  It became a municipality in 1997.  The postal code (CEP) is 39314-000.

Januária
Januária is a municipality in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil.  It is located on the left bank of the São Francisco River.  The population was 67,852 inhabitants (IBGE 2020) and the area of the municipality was 6,691 km2 (2007).
Lamphey
Lamphey (Welsh: Llandyfái pronounced [ɬandəˈvaɪ]) is both a village, a parish and a community near the south coast of Pembrokeshire, Wales, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the town of Pembroke, and 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the seaside village of Freshwater East. The 2011 census reported a population of 843.

Freshwater East is in the community as is the village of Hodgeston.

The village includes the ruins of the fourteenth-century Lamphey Bishop's Palace; a palace of the Bishop of St David's.

Hodgeston
Hodgeston is a small village and parish a mile southeast of Lamphey, south Pembrokeshire, Wales, and is in the community of Lamphey. It is on the A4139 Pembroke Dock to Tenby road. Other surrounding villages are Freshwater East, Jameston and Manorbier Newton.
Vector notation
In mathematics and physics, vector notation is a commonly used notation for representing  vectors, which may be Euclidean vectors, or more generally, members of a vector space.

For denoting a vector, the common typographic convention is lower case, upright boldface type, as in v. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) recommends either bold italic serif, as in v, or non-bold italic serif accented by a right arrow, as in .
In advanced mathematics, vectors are often represented in a simple italic type, like any variable.

Vector representations include Cartesian, polar, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates.

Mathematical notation
Mathematical notation consists of using symbols for representing operations, unspecified numbers, relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling them into expressions and formulas. Mathematical notation is widely used in mathematics, science, and engineering for representing complex concepts and properties in a concise, unambiguous, and accurate way.

For example, the physicist Albert Einstein's formula  is the quantitative representation in mathematical notation of mass–energy equivalence.

Mathematical notation was first introduced by François Viète at the end of the 16th century and largely expanded during the 17th and 18th centuries by René Descartes, Isaac Newton, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and overall Leonhard Euler.
Government House, Isle of Man
54°10′24.63″N 4°27′56.97″W﻿ / ﻿54.1735083°N 4.4658250°W﻿ / 54.1735083; -4.4658250

Government House is the official residence of the Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man. It is situated on Governor's Road in Onchan, Isle of Man. Government House is also used to provide accommodation for official guests to the Isle of Man, and is used extensively for official functions, such as receptions and dinners. The property has been the official residence of the Lieutenant Governor since 1863 and has been owned by Tynwald since 1903.

Official residence
An official residence is a residence designated by an authority and assigned to an official (such as a head of state, head of government, governor, or other senior figures), and may be the same place where the office holder conducts their work functions or lives.
Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade
The Anglo-Oriental  Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade, generally known by the somewhat shorter name of Society for the Suppression of the Opium Trade (SSOT), was a British lobbying group in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, opposed to the opium trade.

Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, KG (28 April 1801 – 1 October 1885), styled Lord Ashley from 1811 to 1851, was a British Tory politician, philanthropist, and social reformer. He was the eldest son of the 6th Earl of Shaftesbury and Lady Anne Spencer (daughter of the 4th Duke of Marlborough), and elder brother of Henry Ashley, MP. A social reformer who was called the "Poor Man's Earl", he campaigned for better working conditions, reform to lunacy laws, education and the limitation of child labour. He was also an early supporter of the Zionist movement and the YMCA and a leading figure in the evangelical movement in the Church of England.
Iwindo
Iwindo was a district within the German colony of Kamerun, lying along the Ivindo River, presently in Gabon. Most of it was part of Neukamerun, a territory ceded  by France to Germany as a result of the 1911 Morocco–Congo Treaty. Its administrative seat was Minkebe.

The 12th Company of the German Imperial Schutztruppe for Cameroon, newly formed in Yaoundé and under the direction of Captain Theodor von Heigelin, took control of Iwindo in the summer of 1912. By government decree of 17 January 1913 the station Akoafim, previously part of the district Ebolowa in "old" Kamerun, was added to the jurisdiction of the 11th Company. Heigelin received the management powers over the district.

The base of the Company was initially located in the military post Ngarabinsam, in former French territory. In April 1914, the administrative headquarters was transferred to Akoafim, and shortly before the outbreak of World War I to Minkebe.

Kamerun
Kamerun  was an African protectorate of the German Empire from 1884 to 1916 in the region of today's Republic of Cameroon. Kamerun also included northern parts of Gabon and the Congo with western parts of the Central African Republic, southwestern parts of Chad and far northeastern parts of Nigeria.
Coordination of Parties of the Majority
The Coordination of Parties of the Majority (Arabic: منسقية أحزاب الأغلبية, French: Coordination des partis de la majorité) is an alliance of parties supporting the President of Mauritania Mohamed Ould Ghazouani. It was founded on 20 April 2021.

State of Justice Coalition
The State of Justice Coalition (Arabic: ائتلاف دولة العدل, French: Coalition État de Droit) is a coalition of several political movements in Mauritania with the intention of running in the upcoming 2023 parliamentary, regional and local elections.
Pleck
Pleck, in the borough of Walsall, neighbours Palfrey and stretches from the bridge on Wednesbury Road to Junction 9 of the M6 motorway. It consists of a large green space called Pleck Park and housing estates. Pleck is close to Walsall Manor Hospital and Bescot Stadium, home of Walsall F.C.

The population of this Walsall ward taken at the 2011 Census was 15,014.

The neighbourhood has a primary school. Most of the houses on the estate were built by the local authority during the 1950s.

The Walsall-Wolverhampton Line runs alongside Pleck Park, and once included Pleck railway station.

Walsall
Walsall (/ˈwɔːlsɔːl/, or /ˈwɒlsɔːl/; locally /ˈwɔːsʊl/) is a market town and administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall, part of The Black Country in the West Midlands, England. Historically part of Staffordshire, it is located 9 miles (14 km) north-west of Birmingham, 7 miles (11 km) east of Wolverhampton and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Lichfield.

Walsall was transferred from Staffordshire to the newly created West Midlands county in 1974. At the 2011 census, the town's built-up area had a population of 67,594, with the wider borough having a population of 269,323. Neighbouring settlements in the borough include Darlaston, Brownhills, Pelsall, Willenhall, Bloxwich and Aldridge.
Killing of Janet Moses
On 12 October 2007, 22-year-old Janet Moses died and a 14-year-old female relative was injured during a mākutu lifting (or exorcism) in the Wellington, New Zealand suburb of Wainuiomata. In 2009, nine members of Moses' extended family, all siblings of her mother or their spouses, were charged in relation to the event. One uncle and four aunts were subsequently found guilty of manslaughter.

The mākutu lifting and subsequent trial were notable for bringing mākutu into the public awareness in New Zealand; and the large number of independent people who stepped forward to distance mākutu lifting as they knew it from the events in this case. Unprecedented media attention was paid to mākutu, mākutu lifting and Māori religion.

Exorcism
Exorcism (from Ancient Greek  ἐξορκισμός (exorkismós) 'binding by oath') is the religious or spiritual practice of evicting demons, jinns, or other malevolent spiritual entities from a person, or an area, that is believed to be possessed. Depending on the spiritual beliefs of the exorcist, this may be done by causing the entity to swear an oath, performing an elaborate ritual, or simply by commanding it to depart in the name of a higher power. The practice is ancient and part of the belief system of many cultures and religions.
614th Tank Destroyer Battalion
The 614th Tank Destroyer Battalion was a tank destroyer battalion of the United States Army active during the Second World War. The unit was activated in 1942 and trained through the late summer of 1944. Arriving on the Normandy coast in October, they moved to the Metz, France, area, seeing their first action in late November. In early December, they were attached to the 103rd Infantry Division, a pairing that was to last through the end of combat in Europe. The 3rd Platoon, Company C, of the 614th was the first African-American unit to receive a Distinguished Unit Citation during World War II. They received credit for the Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace and Central Europe campaigns.

Tank destroyer battalion (United States)
The tank destroyer battalion was a type of military unit used by the United States Army during World War II. The unit was organized in one of two different forms—a towed battalion equipped with anti-tank guns, or a mechanized battalion equipped with armored self-propelled guns. The tank destroyer units were formed in response to the German use of massed formations of armored vehicles units early in WWII. The tank destroyer concept envisioned the battalions acting as independent units that would respond at high speed to large enemy tank attacks. In this role, they would be attached in groups or brigades to corps or armies. In practice, they were usually individually attached to infantry divisions. Over one hundred battalions were formed, of which more than half saw combat service. The force was disbanded shortly after the end of the war when the concept had been shown to be militarily unsound.
Plebanski tensor
The Plebanski tensor is an order 4 tensor in general relativity constructed from the trace-free Ricci tensor.  It was first defined by Jerzy Plebański in 1964.

Let  be the trace-free Ricci tensor:

Then the Plebanski tensor is defined as

The advantage of the Plebanski tensor is that it shares the same symmetries as the Weyl tensor.  It therefore becomes possible to classify different spacetimes based on additional algebraic symmetries of the Plebanski tensor in a manner analogous to the Petrov classification.

Petrov classification
In differential geometry and theoretical physics, the Petrov classification (also known as Petrov–Pirani–Penrose classification) describes the possible algebraic symmetries of the Weyl tensor at each event in a Lorentzian manifold.

It is most often applied in studying exact solutions of Einstein's field equations, but strictly speaking the classification is a theorem in pure mathematics applying to any Lorentzian manifold, independent of any physical interpretation. The classification was found in 1954 by A. Z. Petrov and independently by Felix Pirani in 1957.
Nasrullah Khan (squash player)
Nasrullah Khan was a Pakistani squash player. In 1966, he became coach to Ireland's Jonah Barrington, along with Azam Khan as Barrington's tactical advisor, helping Barrington to win his first of six British Open titles between 1967 and 1973. He also coached Angela Smith, the GB and England world star who became a legend herself in the ladies game, ensuring that the sport was professional for women.

Nasrullah is the brother of Roshan Khan, second cousin of Hashim Khan and Azam Khan and uncle of the great Jahangir Khan and Torsam Khan. His son Rahmat Khan is also a squash player, who married British actress and singer Salma Agha. His granddaughter Natasha Khan (better known by the pseudonym "Bat For Lashes") is a singer and Sashaa Agha is an actress and singer.

Zahrah S. Khan
Zahrah S. Khan is a British actress and playback singer based in India. She has contributed to Bollywood as both an actress and singer. Khan made her acting debut in the 2013 film Aurangzeb and began her playback singing career with the song "Barbadiyan" for the same movie. She gained further recognition for singing tracks like "Kya Karte The Saajna" in Shubh Mangal Zyada Saavdhan (2020) and "Har Funn Maula" in Koi Jaane Na (2021).
John M. Darley
John M. Darley (April 3, 1938 – August 31, 2018) was an American social psychologist and professor of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University. Darley is best known, in collaboration with Bibb Latané, for developing theories that aim to explain why people might not intervene (i.e. offer aid) at the scene of an emergency when others are present; this phenomenon is known as the bystander effect and the accompanying diffusion of responsibility effect. This work stemmed from the tragic case of Kitty Genovese, a New Yorker who was murdered in March 1964 while 38 people either witnessed or heard her struggling with the assailant. Darley also studied the effect of assessment on performance and proposed Darley's Law, which states that “The more any quantitative performance measure is used to determine an individual’s rewards, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more it will distort the action and thought patterns of those it is intended to monitor.”

Bibb Latané
Bibb Latané (/ˈlɑːtəneɪ/; born July 19, 1937) is an American social psychologist. He worked with John M. Darley on bystander intervention in emergencies. He has also published many articles on social attraction in animals, social loafing in groups, and the spread of social influence in populations.