hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Richmond K. Turner
USS Richmond K. Turner (DLG-20 / CG-20) was a Leahy-class cruiser destroyer leader in the United States Navy.  The ship was named for Admiral Richmond K. Turner, who served during World War II.

The keel of Richmond K. Turner was laid on 9 January 1961 by New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey. She was one of nine Leahy-class "double-ended" guided missile destroyers. The vessel was launched 6 April 1963; sponsored by Mrs. Claude V. Ricketts; and commissioned 13 June 1964.

Action in the Gulf of Sidra (1986)
In the Action in the Gulf of Sidra, codenamed Operation Prairie Fire, the United States Navy deployed aircraft carrier groups in the disputed Gulf of Sidra in the Mediterranean Sea. Libya had claimed that the entire Gulf was their territory, at 32° 30' N, with an exclusive 62 nautical miles (115 km; 71 mi) fishing zone. Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi asserted this in 1973, and dubbed it "The Line of Death". The United States claimed its rights to conduct Freedom of Navigation (FON) naval operations in international waters, a standard of 12-nautical-mile (22 km; 14 mi) territorial limit from a country's shore. This engagement followed the 1981 Gulf of Sidra incident and preceded another in 1989.
Peter II, Count of Saint-Pol
Peter II (Pierre de Luxembourg; c. 1440 – 25 October 1482) was Count of Saint-Pol, of Brienne, Marle, and Soissons.

In 1478, Peter was made a knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

He was the second eldest son of Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, and Jeanne de Bar, Countess of Marle and Soissons, daughter of  Robert of Bar, Count of Marle and Soissons and Jeanne de Béthune. He married Margaret of Savoy, the eldest surviving daughter of Louis I, Duke of Savoy and Princess Anne of Cyprus, sometime after 29 January 1464. Their five children included:

Marie of Luxembourg, who married firstly, Jacques of Savoy, Count of Romont, and secondly, François de Bourbon, Count of Vendôme.

Francisca of Luxembourg, who married Philip of Cleves, Lord of Ravenstein.

Anne of Cyprus
Anne of Cyprus (also known as Anne de Lusignan) (24 September 1418 – 11 November 1462) was a Duchess of Savoy by marriage to Louis, Duke of Savoy. She was the daughter of King Janus of Cyprus, and Charlotte of Bourbon; and a member of the Poitiers-Lusignan crusader dynasty.

Anne was highly influential in the Duchy of Savoy and served as a political advisor and the de facto ruler at the behest of her husband.
Zuarungu Senior High School
Zuarungu Senior High School (French: Lycée Zuarungu) is  a second cycle co-educational institution in the Upper East region of Ghana.  It is located in Bolgatanga East District in the Upper East region of Ghana.

Upper East Region
The Upper East Region is located in the northern part of Ghana, and it is the third smallest of the 16 administrative regions in Ghana. Despite its relatively small size, the region holds an outsized significance in the nation's cultural heritage and historical narrative. It occupies a total land surface of 8,842 square kilometers, hence constituting a modest 2.7% of Ghana's total land area. The regional capital is Bolgatanga, which is sometimes referred to as Bolga. It is a major center for the production and sale of beautifully woven baskets, leather goods, and straw handicrafts. Bolga serves as the administrative and commercial heartbeat of the region. Other major towns in the region include Navrongo, Paga, Sandema, Bawku, Zebilla, Tempane, Pusiga, Garu, Pwalugu, and Widana.
Upper Swabian Baroque Route
The Upper Swabian Baroque Route (Oberschwäbische Barockstraße)  is a tourist theme route through Upper Swabia, following the themes of "nature, culture, baroque". The route has a length of about 500 km (approximately 310 miles). It was established in 1966, being one of the first theme routes in Germany. There is an extension to the route into Switzerland and Austria around Lake Constance.

Its logo depicts a yellow putto on a green background, putti being typical of the Baroque Era.

Meßkirch
Meßkirch (German: [ˈmɛsˌkɪʁç] ⓘ; Swabian: Mässkirch) is a town in the district of Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

The town was the residence of the counts of Zimmern, widely known through Count Froben Christoph's Zimmern Chronicle (1559–1566).
Maine–New Hampshire men's ice hockey rivalry
The Maine–New Hampshire men's ice hockey rivalry, sometimes referred to as the Border War or Border Battle, is a men's ice hockey rivalry between the Maine Black Bears and New Hampshire Wildcats. The proximity of the two states, the success of the two programs, and their history in high-profile games have caused one of the most intense rivalries in American college hockey. College Hockey News has ranked it as the seventh-best Division I college hockey rivalry.

Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey
The Maine Black Bears men's ice hockey is an (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Maine. The Black Bears are a member of Hockey East. Home games are played at Harold Alfond Sports Arena commonly known as Alfond Arena in Orono, Maine.

The Black Bears have appeared in 11 Frozen Fours, have a 29-21 record in NCAA Tournament games, and have won two national championships—in 1993 and 1999.
Doubao
Doubao (Chinese: 豆包) is an artificial intelligence assistant developed by ByteDance. The chatbot was launched in August 2023. By November 2024, it had become China's most popular AI chatbot, with approximately 60 million monthly active users according to industry analytics. The international version of Doubao is Dola which was launched in August 2023 as Cici.

ByteDance
ByteDance is a Chinese internet technology company headquartered in Haidian, Beijing. Its associated variable-interest entity ByteDance Ltd is incorporated in the Cayman Islands.

Founded by Zhang Yiming, Liang Rubo, and a team of others in 2012, ByteDance developed the video-sharing app TikTok/Douyin. The company is also the developer of the news platform Toutiao, the video-editing app CapCut, and Lemon8 which is a video sharing mobile app.

ByteDance has attracted regulatory and media attention in several countries over security, surveillance, and censorship concerns.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Pamlico County, North Carolina
This list includes properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Pamlico County, North Carolina. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view an online map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.

Pamlico County, North Carolina
Pamlico County (/ˈpæmlɪkoʊ/ PAM-lik-oh) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,276. Its county seat is Bayboro. Pamlico County is part of the New Bern, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Free Hand for a Tough Cop
Free Hand for a Tough Cop  (Italian: Il trucido e lo sbirro / The Numbskull and the Cop), also known as Tough Cop, is an Italian poliziottesco-action film directed in 1976 by Umberto Lenzi and the second entry into the Tanzi/Moretto/Monnezza shared universe. In this movie Tomas Milian plays for the first time Sergio Marazzi a.k.a. "Er Monnezza", a role that he later played several more times, in Lenzi's Brothers Till We Die (1978, a sort of sequel of this movie), in Destruction Force by Stelvio Massi (1977) and, with slight differences, in Uno contro l'altro, praticamente amici by Bruno Corbucci (1980) and in Francesco Massaro's Il lupo e l'agnello (1980).

Poliziotteschi
Poliziotteschi (Italian: [polittsjotˈteski]; sg.: poliziottesco) constitute a subgenre of crime and action films that emerged in Italy in the late 1960s and reached the height of their popularity in the 1970s. They are also known as polizieschi all'italiana,  Italo-crime, spaghetti crime films, or simply Italian crime films. Influenced primarily by both 1970s French crime films and gritty 1960s and 1970s American cop films and vigilante films (among other influences), poliziotteschi films were made amidst an atmosphere of socio-political turmoil in Italy known as Years of Lead and amidst increasing Italian crime rates. The films generally featured graphic and brutal violence, organized crime, car chases, vigilantism, heists, gunfights, and corruption up to the highest levels. The protagonists were generally tough working class loners, willing to act outside a corrupt or overly bureaucratic system.
Gloucester and Sharpness Canal
The Gloucester and Sharpness Canal (also known as the Gloucester and Berkeley Canal) is a ship canal in the west of England, between Gloucester and Sharpness, completed in 1827. For much of its length the canal runs close to the tidal River Severn, but it cuts off a long loop in the river at a once-dangerous bend near Arlingham. It was once the broadest and deepest canal in the world. The canal is 26.5 km (16.5 miles) long.

Arlingham
Arlingham is a village and civil parish in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire, England. The 2021 Census recorded a parish population of 533 (271 males, 262 females (129 in the age range 0-17, 289 18-64year olds and 115  65+)  with 183 Households). The parish contains the hamlets of Milton End, Overton and Priding. The next parish to the east is Fretherne with Saul.
Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.

IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca
IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca (Italian: Scuola IMT Alti Studi Lucca) is a public research institution and a graduate school located in Lucca, Italy. It was founded in 2005 under the name of IMT Institute for Advanced Studies (Institutions, Markets, Technologies). The school is part of the Italian superior graduate school system and its main Campus is located in the San Francesco Complex within the historic city walls of Lucca.

As an institution for advanced studies, IMT Lucca hosts researchers who carry out methodological research, held to high scientific standards, leading to the development of new knowledge.

Its international advisory board includes a number of prominent scientists, including Giulio Tononi, Alfio Quarteroni and Adina L. Roskies.
Tärendö River
The Tärendö River (Swedish: Tärendö älv, Meänkieli: Täränönväylä) is a small distributary river to the Kalix River in Norrbotten, Sweden.
It is the second largest bifurcation in the world (second only to the Casiquiare canal, South America).

The Tärendö River splits off the Torne River in Pajala Municipality, near the village of Junosuando, at an altitude of 210 m. It takes more than 50% of the water in the Torne River.

It flows southeast for 52 km, passing Lautakoski and Koijuniemi, then empties into the Kalix River at the village of Tärendö at an altitude of 160 m.

Right-bank tributaries of the Tärendö River are Meras River, Leppä River, Saitta River, and Jukkas River. The Kari River flows into the Tärendö River on the left.

Like many other rivers in Nordkalotten and Norrland, the river is popular for fishing.

Saitta River
Saitta River, locally known as Saittajoki, is a small watercourse in Pajala Municipality in northern Sweden. It is a right tributary of the Tärendö River.

Saitta River is listed in Sweden’s official Water Information System (VISS) as waterbody WA92864138.

The river flows in the Tornedalen region near Saittarova and Lautakoski.
John T. Hilton
John Telemachus Hilton (April 1801 – March 5, 1864) was an African-American abolitionist, author, and businessman, who established barber, furniture dealer, and employment agency businesses. He was a Prince Hall Mason and established the Prince Hall National Grand Lodge of North America and served as its first National Grand Master for ten years. He also was a founding member of the Massachusetts General Colored Association, and active member and author in the Anti-Slavery movement.

Both John T. Hilton and his wife, Lavinia (née Ames) Hilton, were active in the Anti-Slavery and Temperance Societies.

Prince Hall Freemasonry
Prince Hall Freemasonry is a branch of North American Freemasonry created for African Americans, founded by Prince Hall on September 29, 1784. Prince Hall Freemasonry is the oldest and largest (300,000+ initiated members) predominantly African-American fraternity in the United States.

Different organizations purport to be of Prince Hall Freemasonry: one group is the independent, 'Prince Hall Affiliated' or 'PHA' Grand Lodges, most of which are recognized by their state Grand Lodge counterparts and the United Grand Lodge of England, being considered 'regular' in Freemasonry. Others are under the jurisdiction of a 'National Grand Lodge', 'Prince Hall Origin', or otherwise non-Prince Hall Affiliated Lodge or Grand Lodge. These are considered 'irregular', 'clandestine', and unrecognized by the Prince Hall Affiliated masonic bodies and their 'mainstream' masonic counterparts.
HIV/AIDS in South African townships
South Africa's HIV/AIDS epidemic, which is among the most severe in the world, is concentrated in its townships, where many black South Africans live due to the lingering effects of the Group Areas Act.

False traditional beliefs about HIV/AIDS, which contribute to the spread of the disease, persist in townships due to the lack of education and awareness programmes in these regions. Sexual violence and local attitudes toward HIV/AIDS have also amplified the epidemic. Although some education efforts and treatment and prevention programmes have succeeded in spreading awareness about HIV/AIDS in townships, the impact of the disease remains severe.

Township (South Africa)
In South Africa, the terms township and location usually refer to an under-developed, racially segregated urban area, from the late 19th century until the end of apartheid, which were reserved for non-whites, namely Black Africans, Coloureds and Indians. Townships were usually built on the periphery of towns and cities. The term township also has a distinct legal meaning in South Africa's system of land title, which carries no racial connotations.

Townships for non-whites were also called locations or lokasies in Afrikaans and are often still referred to as such in the smaller towns. The slang term "kasie / kasi", a popular short version of "lokasie" is also used. Townships sometimes have large informal settlements nearby.
UK Health Security Agency
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) is a government agency responsible for all health security in England, and some reserved public health protection matters across the whole of the United Kingdom. It is an executive agency of the Department of Health and Social Care.

The UKHSA was established in April 2021, consolidating Public Health England's infectious disease control responsibilities (along with NHS Test and Trace and the Joint Biosecurity Centre) into a single body focused on health security and pandemic preparedness.

Public Health Scotland
Public Health Scotland (PHS; Scottish Gaelic: Slàinte Poblach na h-Alba) is the national public health body for Scotland. It is a Special NHS Health Board, and it is jointly accountable to the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA) and the Scottish Government. Fully exercising its functions from 1 April 2020 as Scotland's leading national agency for improving and protecting the health and well-being of all of Scotland's people, it is jointly sponsored by COSLA and the Scottish Government, and collaborates with third sector organisations.

Its role is to increase healthy life expectancy and reduce premature mortality. Areas of focus are COVID-19, mental health and well-being, community and place, and poverty and children.

The board's first chief executive was Angela Leitch, formerly chief executive of East Lothian Council. Paul Johnston, formerly a Director General within the Scottish Government, took over the role in 2023.
Lok Sin Tong Leung Chik Wai Memorial School
Lok Sin Tong Leung Chik Wai Memorial School (Chinese: 樂善堂梁植偉紀念中學) is a secondary school on Tsing Yi Island in Hong Kong. Situated within the fifth phase of Cheung Hong Estate near Liu To, the school was founded on 8 April 1986 by Lok Sin Tong, a charity based in Kowloon. It was the fourth secondary school on the island.

Tsing Yi
Tsing Yi (Chinese: 青衣), sometimes referred to as Tsing Yi Island, is an island in the New Territories of Hong Kong, to the northwest of Hong Kong Island and south of Tsuen Wan. With an area of 10.69 km2 (4.13 sq mi), the island has been extended drastically by reclamation along almost all its natural shore and the annexation of Nga Ying Chau (牙鷹洲) and Chau Tsai. Three major bays or harbours, Tsing Yi Lagoon, Mun Tsai Tong, and Tsing Yi Bay (青衣灣) in the northeast, have been completely reclaimed for new towns.

The island is generally zoned into four quarters: the northeast quarter is a residential area, the southeast quarter is Tsing Yi Town, the southwest holds heavy industry, and the northwest includes a recreation trail, a transportation interchange and some dockyards and ship building industry. The island is in the northwest of Victoria Harbour and part of its coastline is subject to the Protection of the Harbour Ordinance.
Aleksanterinkatu (Tampere)
Aleksanterinkatu ("Alexander Street") is a street in the Kyttälä district, in the centre of Tampere, Finland. It is a north–south street, which is one of the cross streets of Hämeenkatu, Tampere's main street. In the south, it intersects the Hatanpää highway at Sori Square and ends in the north at Erkkilänaukee in Jussinkylä, near Tampere Cathedral.

Like most streets in Kyttälä, Aleksanterinkatu was named in 1877, when the area was annexed to the city of Tampere and a town plan was approved. However, the town plan was not put into practice until the 1890s, when the 15-year lease granted to the old inhabitants of the area expired. The name Aleksanterinkatu presumably refers to Tsar Alexander II of Russia, who had confirmed Tampere's free city rights unchanged for a new 50-year period in 1855.

Aleksanterinkatu is also the name of the main street in many other Finnish cities, e.g.: Helsinki, Lahti, Oulu, Porvoo and Loviisa.

Sori Square
The Sori Square (Finnish: Sorin aukio) is a square located in the center of Tampere, Finland, in the southern part of the Kyttälä district. It is located in the area bounded by the Hatanpää Highway, Suvantokatu, Tuomiokirkonkatu and Vuolteenkatu. At the eastern end of the square is the Tampere Orthodox Church from 1898. There is a terminus at Tampere Tram Line 1 on the west side.

The square was built in the 1980s, and its artistic composition was by sculptor Harry Kivijärvi. In the square is his 10-meter sculpture called Pirkka. Kivijärvi has also designed the area's lamps, benches and trash bins, as well as a mosaic-decorated water basin in the northern corner of the square. The work was completed in the autumn of 1987.

The name of Sori Square was marked in the town plan in 1985. It is based on the old place name Sorinahde; the hill that rises from Ratina towards Kalevankangas has been called Sorinahde, and the square is located in the middle of the hill.
Harrisville, Mississippi
Harrisville is an unincorporated community in Simpson County, Mississippi, United States. Its zip code is 39082.

Harrisville sits mainly at the junction between Mississippi Highway 469, which connects to Florence and Pinola, and Highway 540, which connects to D'Lo. The community is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area. The two main churches are the Harrisville United Methodist Church and the Harrisville Baptist Church.

In 1900, Harrisville had a population of 68 and had several stores, churches, and a cotton gin.

Harrisville is served by the Harrisville Volunteer Fire Department and the Harrisville Public Library.

Simpson County, Mississippi
Simpson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Its western border is formed by the Pearl River, an important transportation route in the 19th century. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,949. The county seat is Mendenhall. The county is named for Josiah Simpson (1787–1817), a territorial judge who also served as a delegate to Mississippi's Constitutional Convention. Simpson County is part of the Jackson, Mississippi metropolitan area.
Alexander Tamanian
Alexander Hovhannesi Tamanian (Armenian: Ալեքսանդր Հովհաննեսի Թամանյան; Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Тама́нов, romanized: Aleksándr Ivánovich Tamánov; March 4, 1878 – February 20, 1936) was a Russian-born Armenian neoclassical architect, well known for his work in the city of Yerevan.

Yerevan Opera Theatre
The Alexander Spendiaryan National Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre (Armenian: Ալեքսանդր Սպենդիարյանի անվան օպերայի և բալետի ազգային ակադեմիական թատրոն, romanized: Aleksandr Spendiaryani anvan operayi yev baleti azgayin akademiakan t’atron), simply known by locals as Opera, is an opera theatre in Yerevan. It officially opened on 20 January 1933, with a performance of Alexander Spendiaryan's opera Almast as its first show. The opera building was designed by architect Alexander Tamanian. It consists of two concert halls: the Aram Khatchaturian Concert Hall with 1,400 seats and the Alexander Spendiaryan Opera and Ballet National Theatre with 1,200 seats.
Thomas S. Mullaney
Thomas Shawn Mullaney (born 1978) is an American sinologist. He is a Guggenheim fellow. He is professor of history at Stanford University, working on technology, race, and ethnicity in China.

Mullaney received his Ph.D. in history from Columbia University in 2006 after completing a doctoral dissertation under the supervision of Madeleine Zelin. His dissertation became the basis of his first book, Coming to Terms with the Nation: Ethnic Classification in Modern China, which received the 2011 American Historical Association Pacific Branch Award for “Best First Book on Any Historical Subject.” Benedict Anderson wrote a foreword for the book.

In 2006, Mullaney joined the faculty of Stanford as assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor with tenure in 2012, and to full professor in 2019.

His 2017 book The Chinese Typewriter: A History won the John K. Fairbank Prize, the Lewis Mumford Award, and Honorable Mention by the Joseph Levenson Book Prize.

Madeleine Zelin
Madeleine Zelin is Dean Lung Professor of Chinese Studies at Columbia University. At Columbia, Zelin is affiliated with the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, the Department of History, the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures, the Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, and the Columbia Law School.