hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
W43A
W43A or IRAS 18450−0148 is a late-type star with an envelope of OH/IR type with a magnetically collimated jet (a protoplanetary nebula). The star is in the early stages of becoming a planetary nebula, a process that will take several thousand years.

OH/IR star
An OH/IR star is an asymptotic giant branch (AGB), a red supergiant (RSG), or a red hypergiant (RHG) star that shows strong OH maser emission and is unusually bright at near-infrared wavelengths.

In the very late stages of AGB evolution, a star develops a super-wind with extreme mass loss.  The gas in the stellar wind condenses as it cools away from the star, forming molecules such as water (H2O) and silicon monoxide (SiO). This can form grains of dust, mostly silicates, which obscure the star at shorter wavelengths, leading to a strong infrared source. Hydroxyl (OH) radicals can be produced by photodissociation or collisional dissociation.

H2O and OH can both be pumped to produce maser emission. OH masers in particular can give rise to a powerful maser action at 1612 MHz and this is regarded as a defining feature of the OH/IR stars.  Many other AGB stars, such as Mira variables, show weaker OH masers at other wavelengths, such as 1667MHz or 22MHz.
Duane Vermeulen
Daniel Johannes "Duane" Vermeulen (born 3 July 1986) is a South African former professional rugby union player who previously played for the South Africa national team. He also previously played for Ulster Rugby in the United Rugby Championship, Vodacom Blue Bulls and the Pumas, Free State Cheetahs and Western Province in South African domestic rugby, the Cheetahs, Stormers and Bulls in Super Rugby and Toulon in the Top 14. He was an instrumental part of South Africa winning the 2019 Rugby World Cup and received the Man of the Match award in the final.
Vermeulen played as a Number eight but he was equally adept at playing both blindside and openside flanker. Nicknamed “Thor” or "The Bone Collector", he is known for his physical strength, anticipation under the high ball and leadership abilities. He is widely regarded as one of the best Number Eights in South African Rugby history.

2019 Rugby World Cup final
The 2019 Rugby World Cup final was a rugby union match played on 2 November 2019 at the International Stadium Yokohama in Yokohama, Japan. It marked the culmination of the 2019 Rugby World Cup and was played between England and South Africa, a rematch of the 2007 Rugby World Cup final.

The match saw South Africa claim their third Rugby World Cup title with a 32–12 victory, with tries from Makazole Mapimpi and Cheslin Kolbe adding to six penalties and two conversions from Handré Pollard. The official player of the match was South Africa's number eight, Duane Vermeulen.

The match was the United Kingdom's most watched TV broadcast in 2019 with a peak audience of 12.8 million watching on ITV.
Community Consolidated School District 54
Schaumburg Community Consolidated School District 54 operates 21 elementary schools, five junior high schools, and one combined K-8 school based in Schaumburg, Cook County, Illinois, US, a suburb of Chicago.

It serves Schaumburg and portions of Hoffman Estates, Hanover Park, Elk Grove Village and Roselle. In 2010 it had 14,218 students.

The district has 1,420 teachers (FTEs) serving 15,647 students.

As of 2021 it is the largest elementary school district in Illinois.

Hoffman Estates, Illinois
Hoffman Estates is a village mostly in Cook County, Illinois, United States with a very small portion in Kane County, Illinois. It is a suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, the population was 52,530.

The village previously served as the headquarters for Sears and is one of the American headquarters for Mori Seiki. Now Arena, home of the Windy City Bulls of the NBA G League, is located in the village. Between 2006 and 2009, the village hosted the Heartland International Tattoo, one of the largest music and dance festivals of its kind in the Midwest.
Verbandsliga Nordbaden
The Verbandsliga Nordbaden is a German amateur football division administered by the Baden Football Association, one of the 21 German state football associations. Being the top flight of the Baden state association, the Verbandsliga is currently a level 6 division of the German football league system.

TSV Amicitia Viernheim
The TSV Amicitia Viernheim is a German association football club from the city of Viernheim, Hesse. Due to the close proximity of Viernheim to Baden-Württemberg, the club plays in the league system of this state.

The club was formed in a merger of the SpVgg Amicitia Viernheim and the TSV Viernheim in May 2008. Amicitia is the Latin word for friendship.
Paeonians
Paeonians (Ancient Greek: Παίονες, romanized: Paíones) were an ancient Indo-European people that dwelt in Paeonia. Paeonia was an old country whose location was to the north of Ancient Macedonia, to the south of Dardania, to the west of Thrace and to the east of Illyria. Most of their land was in the Axios (or Vardar) river basin, roughly in what is today North Macedonia.

Strumica
Strumica (Macedonian: Струмица, pronounced [ˈstrumit͡sa] ⓘ) is the largest city in southeastern North Macedonia and the country's ninth most populous overall, situated near the Novo Selo-Petrich border crossing with Bulgaria. About 54,676 people live in the city and its surrounding region. The city, which is the eponymous seat of the Strumica Municipality, is named after the Strumica River, a tributary of the Struma which runs through it.
Dragon's Gate
Dragon's Gate was an interactive, real time, text-based multi user online fantasy role-playing game, sometimes referred to as a MUD. It was one of the longest running pay-for-play online games in the world, it opened to the public in the spring of 1990 on GEnie. In 1996 the game was moved to AOL. Later the game was moved to Mythic Realms, and finally to independent server, where it ran until the summer of 2007.

Mythic Entertainment
Mythic Entertainment (formerly BioWare Mythic, EA Mythic, Inc., and Interworld Productions) was an American video game developer based in Fairfax, Virginia that was most widely recognized for developing the 2001 massively multiplayer online role-playing game Dark Age of Camelot. Mythic was a prolific creator of multiplayer online games following its establishment in the mid-1990s.

On May 29, 2014, Electronic Arts announced it would be "closing the EA Mythic location in Fairfax", effectively winding down all the studio's operations. Despite the studio's closure, Dark Age of Camelot will continue to be supported by ex-Mythic staff under a new studio, Broadsword, which is also responsible for maintaining Ultima Online. As of 2025, the name remains a registered trademark of EA.
Fayetteville-Manlius Central School District
The Fayetteville-Manlius Central School District (F-M) is a K-12 public school district located in the Town of Manlius in Central New York, enrolling approximately 4,800 students. F-M serves a large portion of the Town of Manlius, including the villages of Manlius and Fayetteville, as well as portions of the towns of DeWitt and Pompey. The district is partially funded by and governed under the authority of the New York State Education Department, whose standardized examinations are designed and administered by the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York.

The district has been recognized statewide and nationally for academic and athletic excellence. In 2015, the Fayetteville–Manlius High School was ranked #79 in the nation in Newsweek's list of "America's Top High Schools". As of 2019, Fayetteville-Manlius Senior High School was ranked #86 within New York State.

Fayetteville, New York
Fayetteville is a village located in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 4,225. The village is named after the Marquis de Lafayette, a national hero of both France and the United States. It is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.

Fayetteville is located in the town of Manlius and is an eastern suburb of Syracuse.
Binasco
Binasco (Lombard: Binasch [biˈnask]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 7,236 and an area of 3.9 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi).

Binasco borders the following municipalities: Zibido San Giacomo, Noviglio, Lacchiarella, Vernate, Casarile.

The coffee machine manufacturer Gruppo Cimbali SpA is based in Binasco.

Noviglio
Noviglio (Milanese: Novèj) is a comune in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,456 and an area of 15.6 square kilometres (6.0 sq mi).

Noviglio borders the following municipalities: Gaggiano, Zibido San Giacomo, Rosate, Rosate, Vernate, Vernate, Binasco.
Tobolsk
Tobolsk (Russian: Тобо́льск, IPA: [tɐˈbolʲsk]) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Founded in 1587, Tobolsk is the second-oldest Russian settlement east of the Ural Mountains in Asian Russia, and was the historic capital of the Siberia region. Population: 100,352 (2021 census); 99,694 (2010 census); 92,880 (2002 census); 94,143 (1989 Soviet census).

Governor's Mansion (Tobolsk, Russia)
58°11′38″N 68°14′37″E﻿ / ﻿58.19389°N 68.24361°E﻿ / 58.19389; 68.24361

The Governor's Mansion (Russian: Дом губернатора), also known as Kuklin House (Russian: Дом Куклина) is a building in Tobolsk, Russia. It was the home of the governor of Siberia prior to the February Revolution of 1917. The house, which is located on 10, Mira Street (Russian: Улица Мира) in the area of Tobolsk below the Kremlin (Podgora), is protected by Russian Federal government as a historical monument.
Žarko Paspalj
Žarko Paspalj (Serbian Cyrillic: Жарко Паспаљ; born March 27, 1966) is a Serbian former professional basketball player and sports administrator, who is currently the sporting director for Partizan of the Serbian Serbian League (KLS), the ABA League, and the EuroLeague. The EuroLeague Final Four MVP in 1994, his sixteen and a half seasons career was mostly spent in Yugoslavia and Greece, along with several short stints in the NBA, France, and Italy.

Paspalj was a FIBA European Selection in 1991. For years, Paspalj was an automatic choice for Yugoslavia's senior national team, representing his country in one FIBA World Cup, two Olympics, and four EuroBaskets. He earned an All-EuroBasket Team selection in 1989. He was named to the 101 Greats of European Basketball in 2018. He was inducted into the Greek Basket League Hall of Fame in 2022.

1994 FIBA European League Final Four
The 1994 FIBA European League Final Four, or 1994 FIBA EuroLeague Final Four, was the 1993–94 season's FIBA European League Final Four tournament, organized by FIBA Europe.

7up Joventut won its first title, after defeating Olympiacos in the final game.
Kejsi Tola
Kejsi Tola (Albanian: [ˈkɛjsi ˈtɔla]; born 3 May 1992) is an Albanian singer and songwriter. After winning the 47th edition of Festivali i Këngës, she represented Albania at the Eurovision Song Contest 2009.

Carry Me in Your Dreams
"Carry Me in Your Dreams" is a song by Albanian singer Kejsi Tola, independently released as a single in 2008. It was written by Agim Doçi and composed by Edmond Zhulali. Musically, it is an English-language uptempo pop song, inspired by folk music and 1970s French pop. Its lyrics are a declaration of love by singing someone else's praise and also focuses on the longing between two separated people.

"Carry Me in Your Dreams" represented Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 in Moscow, Russia, after Tola won the country's pre-selection competition, Festivali i Këngës 47, with the Albanian-language version "Më merr në ëndërr". The country reached the 17th place in a field of 25, gaining a total of 48 points. During her Cirque du Soleil-described show of the song, she was performing against slightly dark-coloured LED screens and was accompanied by three dancers and two backing vocalists.
Costotransverse ligament
A costotransverse ligament is ligament of the costotransverse joint which attaches at (the posterior aspect of) the neck of a rib, and at (the anterior aspect of) the transverse process of its corresponding vertebra. It extends posteriorly from the rib to the vertebra.

It strengthens the costotransverse joint anteriorly.

It is diminished or absent at the joints of ribs XI-XII.

Costotransverse joint
The costotransverse joint is the joint formed between the facet of the tubercle of the rib and the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. The costotransverse joint is a plane type of synovial joint which, under physiological conditions, allows only gliding movement.

This costotransverse joint is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. The first ten ribs have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotransverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient breathing.
Hawthorne–El Segundo Line
The Hawthorne–El Segundo Line was an interurban railway route of the Pacific Electric Railway. It was built to transport oil from the Standard Oil Refinery in El Segundo and also saw passenger service. Unlike most corridors which hosted Pacific Electric passengers, the line remains largely intact as the Union Pacific El Segundo Industrial Lead.

Redondo Beach via Gardena Line
Redondo via Gardena was a line of the Pacific Electric Railway. One of two routes to Redondo Beach, this one was faster than the Redondo Beach via Playa del Rey Line as a result of its routing along the quadruple-tracked Watts main line.
Caprile
Caprile is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Biella. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 221 and an area of 11.4 square kilometres (4.4 sq mi).

Caprile borders the following municipalities: Ailoche, Coggiola, Crevacuore, Guardabosone, Portula, Postua, Pray, Scopello, Trivero.

Postua
Postua is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Vercelli.
Wandsbek
Wandsbek (German pronunciation: [ˈvantsbeːk] ⓘ) is the second-largest of seven boroughs that make up the city and state of Hamburg, Germany. The name of the district is derived from the river Wandse which passes through here. Wandsbek, which was formerly an independent city, is urban and, along with Eilbek and Marienthal, part of the city's economic and cultural core. In 2020 the population was 442,702, making it the most populous borough in Hamburg.

Wandse
Wandse (German pronunciation: [ˈvantsə] ⓘ; in sections also called Eilbek) is a river flowing through Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg, Germany.

The Wandse rises west of the village of Siek in Kreis Stormarn in Schleswig-Holstein and ends in the center of Hamburg in the Alster. Along the banks of the Wandse there were many water mills. The river passes through the settlements of Siek, Braak, Stapelfeld, and Hamburg.

The Hamburg district of Wandsbek takes its name from the river as it winds its way westwards via the Eichtal Park, a public urban park. After passing through the Mühlenteich pond, the river continues as Eilbek (later Eilbekkanal), eponymous to the Eilbek district. The canal joins the Alster in the heart of Hamburg at Außenalster.
Susumansky District
Susumansky District (Russian: Сусума́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the eight in Magadan Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Susumansky Urban Okrug. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders the Sakha Republic in the west and north, Srednekansky District in the east, and Yagodninsky and Tenkinsky Districts in the south. The area of the district is 46,800 square kilometers (18,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Susuman. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 9,015, with the population of Susuman accounting for 65.0% of that number.

Yagodninsky District
Yagodninsky District (Russian: Я́годнинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in Magadan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 29,500 square kilometers (11,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Yagodnoye. Population: 9,839 (2010 census); 15,833 (2002 Census); 50,174 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yagodnoye accounts for 42.8% of the district's total population.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado
The 2006 congressional elections in Colorado were elections for Colorado's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred along with congressional elections nationwide on November 7, 2006.

2002 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado
The 2002 congressional elections in Colorado were elections for Colorado's delegation to the United States House of Representatives, which occurred along with congressional elections nationwide on November 5, 2002. Colorado has seven seats, as apportioned during the 2000 United States census and thus gaining one since the previous election. Republicans gained a seat as result, with Republicans having five seats and Democrats having two seats.
Beurla Reagaird
Beurla Reagaird (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈpjɤːrˠl̪ˠə ˈɾɛkərˠtʲ]; previously also spelled Beurla Reagair or Beurla-reagaird) is a nearly extinct Scottish Gaelic–based cant used by the indigenous Traveller community of the Highlands of Scotland, formerly often referred to by the disparaging name "tinkers".

Cant (language)
A cant is the jargon or language of a group, often employed to exclude or mislead people outside the group. It may also be called a cryptolect, argot, pseudo-language, anti-language or secret language. Each term differs slightly in meaning; their uses are inconsistent.
Tartronic acid
Tartronic acid or 2-hydroxymalonic acid is an organic compound with the structural formula of HOHC(CO2H)2. This dicarboxylic acid is related to malonic acid. It is a white solid. It is produced by oxidation of glycerol:

HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH  +  2 O2   →   HO2CCH(OH)CO2H  +  2 H2O

Glyceric acid HOCH2CH(OH)CO2H is an intermediate.

Its derivative, 2-methyltartronic acid, is isomalic acid.

Glyceric acid
Glyceric acid refers to organic compounds with the formula HOCH2CH(OH)CO2H.  It occurs naturally and is classified as three-carbon sugar acid.  It is chiral. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates.
EuroLeague Rising Star
The EuroLeague Rising Star in an annual award of the EuroLeague, which is the top-tier level European-wide professional club basketball league, that is given to the player the EuroLeague deems its "top rising star". The award began in the 2004–05 season, and the winner is selected by the EuroLeague's head coaches.

Only players who were younger than age 22, on July 1 of the summer before the season started, are eligible for the award.

EuroLeague awards
EuroLeague awards were established in the FIBA era of the competition, when FIBA Europe began the FIBA Europe All-Star Game and FIBA European Selection awards, during the 1964–65 season. Subsequent awards were added during the FIBA era, such as the EuroLeague Final Four MVP award, which began with the 1987–88 season. Yet more awards were created starting with the 2000–01 basketball season, when the EuroLeague Commercial Assets (ECA), essentially took over the management of the premier level European competition from FIBA Europe.
Queen's Rangers
The Queen's Rangers, also known as the Queen's American Rangers, and later Simcoe's Rangers, were a Loyalist military unit of the American Revolutionary War that specialized in cavalry tactics, close combat, irregular warfare, maneuver warfare, raiding, reconnaissance, screening, and tracking. Formed in 1776, they were named for Queen Charlotte. The Queen's Rangers was a light corps in the tradition of British rangers during the Seven Years' War, operating on the flanks and in advance of Crown forces, manning outposts, conducting patrols for screening, and carrying out raiding and reconnaissance operations.

A low number of Black Loyalists served in the Queen's Rangers, such as the trumpeter Barnard E. Griffiths. After the war, the Rangers were removed to the British colony of Nova Scotia and disbanded. On  September 1, 1791, the regiment was re-formed as the Queen's Rangers under Colonel Commandant John Graves Simcoe.

Loyalists fighting in the American Revolution
British colonists who supported the British cause in the American War of Independence were Loyalists, often called Tories, or, occasionally, Royalists or King's Men. Whilst George Washington's men called themselves "Patriots", and in this article Americans on the side of the insurgency are called Patriots.  For a detailed analysis of the psychology and social origins of the Loyalists, see Loyalist (American Revolution).

This article is an overview of some of the prominent Loyalist military units of the Revolution, and of the fighting they did for the British Crown.
Words and Pictures (TV programme)
Words and Pictures is a British literacy educational television programme as part of the BBC Schools strand from 31 March 1970 to 16 March 2007. The programme is a spin-off from Look and Read, which was already providing the same type of practice and encouragement for older children. It is aimed at primary school children aged between 5 and 7.

BBC Schools
BBC Schools, also known as BBC for Schools and Colleges or BBC Education, was the educational programming strand set up by the BBC in 1957, broadcasting a range of educational programmes for children aged 5–16. From its launch until June 1983, programming was primarily based on BBC1 during the daytime, apart from during coverage of major news events which saw the programmes shifted to BBC2. In September 1983, programming was transferred permanently to BBC2 freeing BBC1 to develop its own daytime schedule. The strand, named Daytime on Two, remained on BBC Two until March 2010; it was later supplemented by the 'Class TV' strand on CBBC.
Lake McKenzie
Lake McKenzie (Boorangoora) is a perched lake on K'gari or Fraser Island in Queensland, Australia.  The lake is located in the Great Sandy National Park.

The lake is located 6.2 km southeast of Kingfisher Resort. It is 1,200 metres long and up to 930 metres wide. It is approximately 80 hectares (200 acres) in area.

The sands around the lake are composed of pure, white silica and the water in the lake is also so pure it is unsuitable for many species.

Facilities for visitors around the lake include picnic areas as well as toilets.

K'gari
K'gari (/ˈɡɑːri/ GAH-ree, lit. 'Paradise'), also known by its former name Fraser Island, is a World Heritage-listed sand island along the south-eastern coast in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia. The island lies approximately 250 km (160 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane, and is within the Fraser Coast Region local council area. The world heritage listing includes the island, its surrounding waters and parts of the nearby mainland which make up the Great Sandy National Park. In the 2021 census, the island had a population of 152. Up to 500,000 people visit the island each year.

The island is part of the traditional lands of the Butchulla people, under the traditional name of "K'gari". European settlers who arrived in 1847 named the island "Fraser Island" after Captain James Fraser, master of Stirling Castle, who was shipwrecked and died on the island in early August 1836. On 7 June 2023, the island was officially renamed K'gari by the state government.