hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Astley Deep Pit disaster
The Astley Deep Pit disaster was a mining accident at the Astley Deep Pit, in Dukinfield, Greater Manchester, England, that took place on 14 April 1874, killing 54 men and boys. Astley Deep Pit was a coal mine started around 1845 to work the seam of coal known as the "Lancashire Black Mine". When finished, it was supposedly the deepest coal-mine in Britain and cost £100,000 to sink.

Dukinfield
Dukinfield (/ˈdʌkɪnˌfiːld/ DUK-in-feeld; locally /ˈdʊkɪnˌfɪjəld/ DUUK-in-fi-yuhld) is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England, on the south bank of the River Tame opposite Ashton-under-Lyne, 6.3 miles (10.1 km) east of Manchester. At the 2021 census, the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 21,155.

It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. The town developed as a result of the Industrial Revolution when it became the site of coal mining and cotton manufacturing.
GrapeCity
GrapeCity, Inc. is a privately held, multinational software corporation based in Sendai, Japan, that develops software products and provides outsourced product development services, consulting services, software, and Customer relationship management services. GrapeCity also has established WINEstudios, a media design and digital production facility in Japan.

GrapeCity's major office locations are in the United States, Japan, India, China, South Korea, Mongolia, Vietnam and Albania.

FarPoint Spread
FarPoint Spread is a suite of Microsoft Excel-compatible spreadsheet components available for .NET, COM, and Microsoft BizTalk Server. Software developers use the components to embed Microsoft Excel-compatible spreadsheet features into their applications, such as importing and exporting Microsoft Excel files, displaying, modifying, analyzing, and visualizing data. Spread components handle spreadsheet data at the cell, row, column, or worksheet level.

This article is about the last FarPoint edition of the Spread product line. Spread is now developed by GrapeCity, Inc. Since the acquisition, Spread for Biztalk Server has been removed from the product line and SpreadJS, a JavaScript version, has been added.
Kaptagat
Kaptagat is a settlement in Uasin Gishu County, in the southwestern part of Kenya. This part of the country, where the two counties of Uasin Gishu and Elgeyo Marakwet County share a border, is used by the majority of Kenyan professional long-distance runners to train for professional competition. Eliud Kipchoge, the former marathon world record holder, and the Tokyo Olympics and Rio Olympics marathon gold medalist, maintains a training camp in Kaptagat.

Chepkorio
Chepkorio is a village in Kenya. It is located in Keiyo South Constituency, Elgeyo-Marakwet County. It lies on the B54 highway, to the northwest of Kaptagat. As of 2019, it was home to 3,206 residents.

It is the home village of professional long-distance runners Geoffrey Kamworor, and was the home of current men's marathon world record holder Kelvin Kiptum until his death.
Military Service Company
Military Service Company, the oldest division of EBSCO Industries Inc, was founded during World War II and provides an array of goods and services that serve the U.S. military. The Birmingham, AL-based company's popular military commemoratives inventory includes challenge coins for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard, Veterans, National Guard as well as military-themed license plate holders, pens and more.

EBSCO Industries
EBSCO Industries is an American company founded in 1944 by Elton Bryson Stephens Sr. and headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama. The "EBSCO" acronym is based on Elton Bryson Stephens Company. EBSCO Industries is a diverse company of over 40 businesses engaged in activities including information services (EBSCO Information Services), outdoor products, manufacturing, general services, publishing services, and real estate.

EBSCO is one of the largest privately held companies in Alabama, and one of the top 200 in the U.S., based on revenues and employee numbers, according to Forbes Magazine.
Neil Fox (broadcaster)
Neil Andrew Howe Fox (born 12 June 1961) is an English radio DJ and television presenter, known for many years as Dr Fox before he became "Foxy" in the 2000s, then simply as Neil Fox, M.D. before reemerging as "Dr Fox" in 2020 to host the UDJ "Heritage Chart" countdown.

He was a judge on Pop Idol between 2001 and 2003 alongside Simon Cowell, Pete Waterman and Nicki Chapman.

David Jensen
David Allan Jensen (born 4 July 1950) is a Canadian-born British radio DJ and television presenter. Born in Victoria, British Columbia, Jensen began as a radio DJ on Radio Luxembourg. Jensen was later a broadcaster for the BBC from 1976 to 1984, as a host on BBC Radio 1 and presenter on the TV music programme Top of the Pops from 1976 to 1984. Jensen has also hosted and presented for Capital FM and ITV among other stations.
Ulric II, Margrave of Carniola
Ulric II (also Ulrich, Odalric, Oudalricus, Udalrich) (died 13 May 1112) was the Margrave of Istria from 1098 until circa 1107 and Carniola from 1098 until his death. He was the second son of Ulric I and Sophia, a daughter of Bela I of Hungary.

Ulric was created Count of Weimar when still a child in 1067. He inherited both of his father's marches on the death of his brother Poppo II in 1098, but was divested of Istria sometime between 1101 and 1107, when it went to Engelbert II of Sponheim, whose father had preceded Ulric's brother in the march. Ulric was described as de Saxonie principus. He married Adelaide (died 1146), daughter of Louis II, Count of Thuringia, but left no children. His sister Adelaide passed on the Carniolan inheritance to her grandson Conrad I, Duke of Merania.

March of Istria
The March of Istria, or the Margraviate of Istria (German: Markgrafschaft Istrien) was a historical frontier county, or march centered on the Istrian peninsula. It was established after the Carolingian conquest at the end of the 8th century, and continued to exist in various territorial scopes and administrative forms within the Holy Roman Empire, consequently becoming integrated into the Austrian Kingdom of Illyria, and the Austrian Littoral. In time it lost its most western (coastal) regions, that became part of the Venetian Istria, while the Istrian frontier county, or march was reduced to central and eastern parts of the Istrian peninsula. Those regions were reintegrated after 1797, and the reunited Istrian march was finally abolished in 1918.
Kentish Town North (ward)
Kentish Town North is a ward in the London Borough of Camden, in the United Kingdom. The ward represents the northern part of Kentish Town and The was first used in the 2022 Camden London Borough Council election, electing two councillors to Camden London Borough Council. Most of its area was previously in the Kentish Town ward, which was abolished at the same time. In 2018, the ward had an electorate of 5,936. The Boundary Commission projects the electorate to rise to 6,205 in 2025.

Kentish Town
Kentish Town is an area of northwest London, England, in the London Borough of Camden, immediately north of Camden Town, close to Hampstead Heath.

The area was initially a small settlement on the River Fleet, first recorded in 1207 during King John's reign. The early 19th century brought modernization to the area, and it became a popular resort due to its accessibility from London. Notably, Karl Marx lived in Kentish Town from 1855 until his death in 1883.

The area saw further development after World War II and has a rich history of political representation, with the Holborn and St Pancras seat held by Labour Party Prime Minister Keir Starmer as of July 2024. Kentish Town has also been a popular filming location for various movies and television shows. It is home to numerous independently owned shops, music venues, and cultural establishments, such as the Kentish Town Community Centre.
Trams in Halberstadt
The Halberstadt tramway (German: Straßenbahn Halberstadt) is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Halberstadt, a city in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

Opened in 1887, the network has been operated since 1992 by Halberstädter Verkehrs-GmbH (HVG), which also operates the city's bus network.

Halberstadt
Halberstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈhalbɐˌʃtat] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Halverstidde) is a town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in central Germany, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its old town center, which was largely destroyed by Allied bombings in the late stages of World War II after local Nazi leaders refused to surrender. The town was rebuilt in the following decades.

In World War I Halberstadt was the site of a German military airbase and aircraft-manufacturing facilities. In World War II Halberstadt was a regional production center for Junkers aircraft, which also housed an SS forced labor camp. Halberstadt now includes the area where the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp was situated.

Today the city has around 450 timber framed houses in its city centre and timber framed old villages like Langenstein.
Rampage Jackson
Quinton Ramone Jackson (born June 20, 1978), known by his ring name of Rampage Jackson, is an American former mixed martial artist, actor, kickboxer, professional wrestler, and online streamer. During the course of his mixed martial arts (MMA) career, Jackson won the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship, the Bellator Season 10 Light Heavyweight Tournament Championship, and unified the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship with the Pride FC World Middleweight Championship belt. Due to his eccentric personality and aggressive fighting style, Jackson became a star in Japan during his tenure with Pride FC and following his move to the UFC, he helped pioneer MMA's growth into a worldwide sport.

2013 in Bellator MMA
2013 in Bellator MMA was the eighth installment of the Bellator MMA, which began on January 17, 2013 and ended on April 4, 2013.

Mixed martial arts tournaments were held in five weight classes and all of the champions, except the heavyweight champion, placed their titles on the line during this season.

This season marked the beginning of Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) airing on Spike TV.
WordQ+SpeakQ
WordQ® is an assistive technology software developed by Quillsoft Ltd. and Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital. WordQ's main purpose is helping individuals who struggle with reading and writing. Often that struggle is due to physical disability or neurodivergence such as Dyslexia or ADHD. WordQ uses intelligent word prediction to suggest words that the user is typing in as few as 1.3 keystrokes. This helps with spelling, and reduces the amount of physical movements a user has to make when typing. It also uses high-quality Acapela text-to-speech voices to read back text that the user has entered, allowing for proofreading and editing. WordQs speech recognition feature, SpeakQ®, is included in WordQ Desktop for Windows OS.  It allows users to switch between speaking and typing while writing. WordQ Desktop is available for Windows and Mac OS, iWordQ is available for iPadOS, and WordQ Chrome for the Chrome browser is slated for release in January 2022.

Autocomplete
Autocomplete, or word completion, is a feature in which an application predicts the rest of a word a user is typing. In Android and iOS smartphones, this is called predictive text. In graphical user interfaces, users can typically press the tab key to accept a suggestion or the down arrow key to accept one of several.

Autocomplete speeds up human-computer interactions when it correctly predicts the word a user intends to enter after only a few characters have been typed into a text input field. It works best in domains with a limited number of possible words (such as in command line interpreters), when some words are much more common (such as when addressing an e-mail), or writing structured and predictable text (as in source code editors).

Many autocomplete algorithms learn new words after the user has written them a few times, and can suggest alternatives based on the learned habits of the individual user.
Sinus node dysfunction
Sinus node dysfunction (SND), also known as sick sinus syndrome (SSS), is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) usually caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which the arrhythmia alternates between fast and slow heart rates.

Sinus bradycardia
Sinus bradycardia is a sinus rhythm with a reduced rate of electrical discharge from the sinoatrial node, resulting in a bradycardia, a heart rate that is lower than the normal range (60–100 beats per minute for adult humans).
Newbridge or Nowhere
"Newbridge or Nowhere" (Irish: Droichead Nua nó Áit ar Bith) is a name for the controversy surrounding a Gaelic football match played in the 2018 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship between Kildare and Mayo at St Conleth's Park in Newbridge, County Kildare on 30 June 2018.

Kildare won the game, and by doing so knocked Mayo out of the championship. A "shock" result, it was Mayo's earliest championship exit since 2010. The events brought excitement to an otherwise forgettable championship.

2025 Ulster Senior Football Championship
The 2025 Ulster Senior Football Championship was the 137th instalment of the annual Ulster Senior Football Championship organised by Ulster GAA. It was one of the four provincial competitions of the 2025 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. The draw for the championship was made on 12 October 2024. Donegal retained their title by beating Armagh in the final on 10 May.
Krupp decoy site
51°21′54″N 7°04′12″E﻿ / ﻿51.365°N 7.070°E﻿ / 51.365; 7.070

The Krupp night decoy site Kruppsche Nachtscheinanlage was a German decoy-site of the Krupp steelworks in Essen. It was designed to divert Allied night airstrikes in the bombing of Essen in World War II from the actual production site of the arms factory.

Krupp steelworks
The Krupp steelworks, or Krupp foundry, or Krupp cast steel factory (German: Krupp-Gussstahlfabrik [Guss+stahl+fabrik]) in Essen is a historic industrial site of the Ruhr area of North Rhine-Westphalia in western Germany that was known as the "weapons forge of the German Reich" (Waffenschmiede des Deutschen Reiches).
Erioderma pedicellatum
Erioderma pedicellatum is a medium-sized, foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae, commonly called the boreal felt lichen.  It grows on trees in damp boreal forests along the Atlantic coast in Canada, as well as in southcentral Alaska, the Kamchatka Peninsula, and Norway.

Erioderma
Erioderma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. They are commonly called mouse ears or felt lichens, and are small, pale brown to olive-brown foliose cyanolichens with a fuzzy upper surface that have the cyanobacteria Scytonema as their photobiont.  Most species are found in the tropics of Central and South America, although three species are found in coastal regions of North America where they generally grow on mossy branches in humid sites.  All North American species are rare. Species of Erioderma can resemble Pannaria, Leioderma, or small Peltigera, but their fuzzy upper surface and lack of veins on their lower surface distinguishes them from these lichens.
Potamalosa
Potamalosa is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Clupeidae, which includes the anchovies, herrings and sprats. The only species in the genus is Potamalosa richmondia, the Australian freshwater herring. This species is endemic to eastern Australia where it lives in rivers, spawning in estuaries.

Clupeidae
Clupeidae is a family of clupeiform ray-finned fishes, comprising, for instance, the herrings and sprats. Many members of the family have a body protected with shiny cycloid (very smooth and uniform) scales, a single dorsal fin, and a fusiform body for quick, evasive swimming and pursuit of prey composed of small planktonic animals. Due to their small size and position in the lower trophic level of many marine food webs, the levels of methylmercury they bioaccumulate are very low, reducing the risk of mercury poisoning when consumed.

The earliest known fossil members of this group are the stem-clupeids Italoclupea and Lecceclupea from the late Campanian/early Maastrichtian of Italy.
Payment bond
A payment bond is a surety bond posted by a contractor to guarantee that its subcontractors and material suppliers on the project will be paid.  They are required in contracts over $35,000 with the Federal Government and must be 100% of the contract value.  They are often required in conjunction with performance bonds.

Surety
In finance, a surety /ˈʃʊərɪti/, surety bond, or guaranty involves a promise by one party to assume responsibility for the debt obligation of a borrower if that borrower defaults. Usually, a surety bond or surety is a promise by a person or company (a surety or guarantor) to pay one party (the obligee) a certain amount if a second party (the principal) fails to meet some obligation, such as fulfilling the terms of a contract. The surety bond protects the obligee against losses resulting from the principal's failure to meet the obligation.
Mariana Mantovana
Mariana Mantovana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Mantua.

Mariana Mantovana borders the following municipalities: Acquanegra sul Chiese, Asola, Piubega, and Redondesco.

Redondesco
Redondesco (Upper Mantovano: Redundèsch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Mantua. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,378 and an area of 19.1 square kilometres (7.4 sq mi).

The municipality of Redondesco contains the frazione (subdivision) Bologne.

Redondesco borders the following municipalities: Acquanegra sul Chiese, Gazoldo degli Ippoliti, Marcaria, Mariana Mantovana, Piubega.
12 Transcendental Études (Lyapunov)
The 12 Études d’exécution transcendante (English: 12  Transcendental Études), Op. 11, are a series of 12 études written from 1897 to 1905 by Sergei Lyapunov. Lyapunov intended them to be the posthumous continuation of Franz Liszt's uncompleted work Transcendental Études, having finished only the first 12 before his death in 1886. The work is also dedicated to Liszt, with the twelfth étude being named after the composer as well.

Inspired by one of his three teachers during his time at Moscow Conservatory Karl Klindworth, a former student of Liszt, along with being heavily influenced and artistically guided by Mily Balakirev, the main ideologue of The Five, these Études use the full gamut of nationalist techniques: From folk-songs and church bells, to Caucasian melodies and sumptuous melodicism.

Transcendental Études
The Transcendental Études (French: Études d'exécution transcendante), S.139, is a set of twelve compositions for piano by Franz Liszt. They were published in 1852 as a revision of an 1837 set (which had not borne the title "d'exécution transcendante"), which in turn were – for the most part – an elaboration of a set of studies written in 1826.
Hå
Hå is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is the southernmost municipality in the traditional district of Jæren. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Varhaug. Other villages in Hå include Brusand, Hæen, Nærbø, Obrestad, Ogna, Sirevåg, and Vigrestad.

The 258-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 281st largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Hå is the 67th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 19,649. The municipality's population density is 79.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (205/sq mi) and its population has increased by 11.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Vigrestad
Vigrestad is a village in Hå municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northeast of the southwestern coast of Norway, facing the North Sea.  The village sits about 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) southeast of the village of Varhaug and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of the villages of Hæen and Brusand.

Vigrestad Station is located on the Sørland Line, which runs through the village. The station is unstaffed and only local trains stop there, not express or regional ones.

The 1.19-square-kilometre (290-acre) village has a population (2019) of 2,090 and a population density of 1,756 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,550/sq mi).
LCD television
A liquid-crystal-display television (LCD TV) is a television set that uses a liquid-crystal display to produce images. It is by far the most widely produced and sold type of television display. LCD TVs are thin and light, but have some disadvantages compared to other display types, such as high power consumption, poorer contrast ratio, and inferior color gamut.

LCD TVs rose in popularity in the early years of the 21st century, and exceeded sales of cathode-ray-tube televisions worldwide from late 2007 on. Sales of CRT TVs dropped rapidly after that, as did sales of competing technologies such as plasma display panels and rear-projection television.

Rear-projection television
Rear-projection television (RPTV) is a type of large-screen television display technology. Until approximately 2006, most of the relatively affordable consumer large screen TVs up to 100 inches (250 cm) used rear-projection technology. A variation is a video projector, using similar technology, which projects onto a screen.

Three types of projection systems are used in projection TVs. CRT rear-projection TVs were the earliest, and while they were the first to exceed 40 in (100 cm), they were also bulky and the picture was unclear at close range. Newer technologies include DLP (reflective micromirror chip), LCD projectors, Laser TV and LCoS. They are capable of displaying high-definition video up to 1080p resolution, and examples include Sony's SXRD (Silicon X-tal Reflective Display), JVC's D-ILA (Digital Direct Drive Image Light Amplifier) and MicroDisplay Corporation's Liquid Fidelity.
Timeline of computing 2020–present
This article presents a detailed timeline of events in the history of computing from 2020 to the present. For narratives explaining the overall developments, see the history of computing.

Significant events in computing include events relating directly or indirectly to software, hardware and wetware.
Excluded (except in instances of significant functional overlap) are:

events in general robotics

events about uses of computational tools in biotechnology and similar fields (except for improvements to the underlying computational tools) as well as events in media-psychology except when those are directly linked to computational tools

Currently excluded are:

events in computer insecurity/hacking incidents/breaches/Internet conflicts/malware if they are not also about milestones towards computer security

events about quantum computing and communication

economic events and events of new technology policy beyond standardization

Applications of artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is the capability of the  computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. Artificial intelligence has been used in applications throughout industry and academia. Within the field of Artificial Intelligence, there are multiple subfields. The subfield of Machine learning has been used for various scientific and commercial purposes including language translation, image recognition, decision-making, credit scoring, and e-commerce. In recent years, there have been massive advancements in the field of generative artificial intelligence, which uses generative models to produce text, images, videos or other forms of data. This article describes applications of AI in different sectors.