hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charter 77
Charter 77 (Charta 77 in Czech and Slovak) was an informal civic initiative in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic from 1976 to 1992, named after the document Charter 77 from January 1977. Founding members and architects were Jiří Němec, Václav Benda, Ladislav Hejdánek, Václav Havel, Jan Patočka, Zdeněk Mlynář, Jiří Hájek, Martin Palouš, Pavel Kohout, and Ladislav Lis. Spreading the text of the document was considered a political crime by the Czechoslovak government. After the 1989 Velvet Revolution, many of the members of the initiative played important roles in Czech and Slovak politics.

Pavel Kohout
Pavel Kohout (born 20 July 1928) is a Czech and Austrian novelist, playwright, and poet. He was a member of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, a Prague Spring participant and dissident in the 1970s until he was not allowed to return from Austria. He was a founding member of the Charter 77 movement.
Les Présages
Les Présages is a ballet choreographed by Léonide Massine to music from Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 5, with sets and costumes by André Masson. The premiere was performed on 13 April 1933 at the Opéra de Monte Carlo by the Ballets Russes de Monte-Carlo.

The ballet was Massine's first experiment with a plotless work based on symphonic music.

Léonide Massine
Leonid Fyodorovich Myasin (Russian: Леони́д Фёдорович Мя́син), better known in the West by the French transliteration as Léonide Massine (9 August [O.S. 28 July] 1896 – 15 March 1979), was a Russian choreographer and ballet dancer. Massine created the world's first symphonic ballet, Les Présages, and many others in the same vein. Besides his "symphonic ballets," Massine choreographed many other popular works during his long career, some of which were serious and dramatic, and others lighthearted and romantic. He created some of his most famous roles in his own comic works, among them the Can-Can Dancer in La Boutique fantasque (1919), the Hussar in Le Beau Danube (1924), and, perhaps best known of all, the Peruvian in Gaîté Parisienne (1938). Today his oeuvre is represented by his son Lorca Massine, who stages his works around the world.
Philomathean Literary Society (Erskine College)
The Philomathean Literary Society of Erskine College (ΑΑΣΕΣ) is an all-male student literary society of Erskine College in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It was established in 1842. Its Philomathean Hall is the oldest building in the Erskine College-Due West Historic District. Its sister organization, the Philomelean Society, provides membership to women.

Erskine College
Erskine College is a private Christian college in Due West, South Carolina, United States. It is an undergraduate liberal arts college and a graduate theological seminary. The college was founded in 1839 by the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church. Its sports teams compete in NCAA Division II as a member of Conference Carolinas.
Osmoreceptor
An osmoreceptor is a sensory receptor primarily found in the hypothalamus of most homeothermic organisms that detects changes in osmotic pressure. Osmoreceptors can be found in several structures, including two of the circumventricular organs – the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis, and the subfornical organ. They contribute to osmoregulation, controlling fluid balance in the body. Osmoreceptors are also found in the kidneys where they also modulate osmolality.

Sensory neuron
Sensory neurons, also known as afferent neurons, are in the nervous system which convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded receptor potentials. This process is called sensory transduction. The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord.

The sensory information travels on the  afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve, to the brain via the spinal cord. Spinal nerves transmit external sensations via sensory nerves to the brain through the spinal cord. The stimulus can come from exteroreceptors outside the body, or interoreceptors inside the body.
Jens Hoffmann
Jens Hoffmann Mesén (born 1974 in San José, Costa Rica) is a writer, editor, educator, and exhibition maker. His work has attempted to expand the definition and context of exhibition making. From 2003 to 2007 Hoffmann was director of exhibitions at the Institute of Contemporary Arts London. He is the former director of the CCA Wattis Institute for Contemporary Art from 2007 to 2016 and deputy director for exhibitions and programs at The Jewish Museum from 2012 to 2017; he was terminated from the position following an investigation into sexual harassment allegations raised by staff members. Hoffmann has held several teaching positions including California College of the Arts, the Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti and Goldsmiths, University of London, as well as others.

Claire Fontaine
Claire Fontaine is a feminist conceptual art persona created in Paris in 2004 by Fulvia Carnevale and James Thornhill, an Italian-British artist duo who declared themselves her "assistants". Since 2018 Claire Fontaine lives and works in Palermo and has a studio in the historical centre of the Kalsa near Piazza Magione.

After lifting her name from a popular brand of French school notebooks and stationery, Claire Fontaine declared herself a readymade artist and began to elaborate a version of neo-conceptual art that often looks like other people's work. Claire Fontaine translated into English means "Clear Fountain" and can also be conceptually linked to the artwork Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, known as the most famous readymade.
Boosenburg
The Boosenburg is a lowland castle in Rüdesheim am Rhein, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis, Hesse, Germany, located in the Rhine valley and dating back to the 12th century. It is locally known as Oberburg (upper castle) in relation to the near and slightly lower Brömserburg. It has been part of the Rhine Gorge World Heritage Site from 2002.

Rüdesheim am Rhein
Rüdesheim am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈʁyːdəshaɪm ʔam ˈʁaɪn], lit. 'Rüdesheim on the Rhine') is a German winemaking town in the Rhine Gorge, and part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site in this region. It lies in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis district in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt, Hessen. Known as Rüdesheim, it is officially Rüdesheim am Rhein, to distinguish it from Rüdesheim an der Nahe. It is a major tourist attraction, especially for foreign visitors.
2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior women's race
The Junior women's race at the 2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held at the L'Institut Équestre National in Avenches near Lausanne, Switzerland, on March 29, 2003.  Reports on the event were given in The New York Times, in the Herald, and for the IAAF.

Complete results for individuals,  for teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.

2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 29/30, 2003.  The races were held at the L'Institut Équestre National in Avenches near Lausanne, Switzerland.  Reports of the event were given in The New York Times, in the Herald, and for the IAAF.

Complete results for senior men, for senior men's teams, for men's short race, for men's short race teams, for junior men, for junior men's teams, senior women, for senior women's teams, for women's short race, for women's short race teams, for junior women,  for junior women's teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.
Bergenhus len
Bergenhus len was an administrative division of the Kingdom of Norway that existed from 1503 to 1662, with the Bergenhus Fortress in Bergen as its administrative center Norwegian administrative division.  The len was changed to an amt (district) in 1662 but it kept its original name and capital until 1919.

Hordaland
Hordaland (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈhɔ̂rdɑlɑn] ⓘ) was a county in Norway, bordering Sogn og Fjordane, Buskerud, Telemark, and Rogaland counties. Hordaland was the third largest county, after Akershus and Oslo, by population. The county government was the Hordaland County Municipality, which is located in Bergen. Before 1972, the city of Bergen was its own separate county, apart from Hordaland. On 1 January 2020, the county was merged with neighbouring Sogn og Fjordane county, to form the new Vestland county.
Fontainemelon
Fontainemelon is a former municipality in the district of Val-de-Ruz in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Boudevilliers, Cernier, Chézard-Saint-Martin, Coffrane, Dombresson, Engollon, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Fontainemelon, Fontaines, Les Geneveys-sur-Coffrane, Les Hauts-Geneveys, Montmollin, Le Pâquier, Savagnier and Villiers merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Val-de-Ruz.

Villiers, Switzerland
Villiers is a former municipality in the district of Val-de-Ruz in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland.

The municipalities of Boudevilliers, Cernier, Chézard-Saint-Martin, Coffrane, Dombresson, Engollon, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Fontainemelon, Fontaines, Les Geneveys-sur-Coffrane, Les Hauts-Geneveys, Montmollin, Le Pâquier, Savagnier and Villiers merged on 1 January 2013 into the new municipality of Val-de-Ruz.
NaSHA
NaSHA is a hash function accepted as a first round SHA-3 candidate for the NIST hash function competition.

NaSHA was designed by Smile Markovski and Aleksandra Mileva with contributions by Simona Samardziski (programmer) and Boro Jakimovski (programmer). NaSHA supports internal state sizes of 1024 and 2048 bits, and arbitrary output sizes between 125 and 512 bits. It uses quasigroup string transformations with quasigroups of order 264, defined by extended Feistel networks. The quasigroups used in every iteration of the compression function are different and depend on the processed message block.

The authors claim performance of up to 23.06 cycles per byte on an Intel Core 2 Duo in 64-bit mode.

Cryptanalysis during the SHA-3 competition has indicated that 384/512 version of NaSHA is susceptible to collision attacks, but the authors disputed those attacks and also included small changes to achieve the strength of 224/256 version.

NIST hash function competition
The NIST hash function competition was an open competition held by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop a new hash function called SHA-3 to complement the older SHA-1 and SHA-2. The competition was formally announced in the Federal Register on November 2, 2007. "NIST is initiating an effort to develop one or more additional hash algorithms through a public competition, similar to the development process for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)." The competition ended on October 2, 2012, when NIST announced that Keccak would be the new SHA-3 hash algorithm.

The winning hash function has been published as NIST FIPS 202 the "SHA-3 Standard", to complement FIPS 180-4, the Secure Hash Standard.

The NIST competition has inspired other competitions such as the Password Hashing Competition.
Listed buildings in Staveley-in-Cartmel
Staveley-in-Cartmel is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness Unitary Authority of Cumbria, England. It contains 22 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish is in the Lake District National Park.  It contains the villages of Staveley-in-Cartmel and Newby Bridge, and smaller settlements, but is mainly rural.  In the parish is Fell Foot Park, a country park on the shore of Windermere; four buildings in this park have been listed.  The other listed buildings include farmhouses, farm buildings, other houses, a milestone, a bridge, a church, and a sundial in the churchyard.

Newby Bridge
Newby Bridge is a hamlet in the Lake District, Cumbria, England. Historically in Lancashire, it is located several miles west of Grange-over-Sands and is on the River Leven, close to the southern end of Windermere.
Tipstaff
A tipstaff is an officer of a court or, in some countries, a law clerk to a judge. The duties of the position vary from country to country. It is also the name of a symbolic rod, which represents the authority of the tipstaff or other officials such as senior police officers.

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
Listed buildings in Stirchley and Brookside
Stirchley and Brookside is a civil parish in the district of Telford and Wrekin, Shropshire, England, and contains the settlements of Stirchley and Brookside.  In the parish are five listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The most important listed building in the parish is a 12th-century church, and the other listed buildings are farmhouses and farm buildings.

Stirchley, Shropshire
Stirchley is a large village and suburb of Telford, in the borough of Telford and Wrekin and ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. Stirchley lies just south-east of the town centre, and shares a parish council with neighbouring Brookside, which together have a population of 10,533 according to the 2001 census data It is close to Dawley and Malinslee and located next to the southern side of Telford town park.
Although formerly a farming parish, it was incorporated into the Telford New Town in the 1970s.  There are some important heritage sites in the parish, notably St James Church, Stirchley Hall, Stirchley Grange and the Stirchley Chimney, now a local landmark. A number of Stirchley's heritage sites are waypoints on the South Telford Heritage Trail.
The former school was removed brick-by-brick and rebuilt at the nearby Blists Hill Victorian Town museum in 1993.
Uckfield Town Council
Uckfield Town Council governs the five wards of Uckfield town. The council appoints one councillor who is then known as the Mayor of Uckfield. The current mayor of Uckfield is Councillor Jackie Love.

Uckfield Town Council comprises five wards – North, East, West, New Town, and Ridgewood – electing between two and four town councillors each.

Clockwise, from the north, it borders the communities of Maresfield, Buxted, Framfield and Little Horsted.

Ridgewood, East Sussex
Ridgewood is a suburb and voting ward 1 mile south of Uckfield in East Sussex, England. It is inland between the seaside towns of Eastbourne (20 mi (32 km)) and Brighton (17 mi (27 km)) and approximately 6 miles from Ashdown Forest. In 2021 the ward had a population of 3,152.
Saginas Lake
Saginas Lake, is a lake in the east-central part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in the boreal forest ecozone of Canada. It is located along the course of the Pepaw River and is situated in the Porcupine Hills. It is within Saskatchewan's Porcupine Provincial Forest and a portion of Porcupine Hills Provincial Park is on the eastern shore of the lake. Upstream along the Pepaw River is Pepaw and McBride Lakes—both of which lakes also have recreation sites that are part of Porcupine Hills Provincial Park. The lake and park are accessed from Highway 982, also known as Little Swan Road.

Pepaw River
Pepaw River, also spelt Peepaw, is a river in the east-central part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in the boreal forest ecozone of Canada. It begins in the Porcupine Hills and flows northward and meets up with the Etomami River south of the town of Hudson Bay. Much of the river is within Saskatchewan's Porcupine Provincial Forest and as such has various recreational opportunities along its course.

Pepaw River and its amenities are accessed from three different highways. The part of the river that runs west to east past McBride Lake is paralleled by Highway 983 and the north flowing leg at the lower end of the river is paralleled by Highway 982, also known as Little Swan Road. Highway 9 crosses the river near its mouth.
IV liga Lesser Poland
IV liga Lesser Poland group (grupa małopolska), also known as Texom IV liga małopolska for sponsorship reasons, is one of the groups of IV liga, the fifth level of Polish football league system.
The league was created in the 2000–01 season after a new administrative division of Poland was introduced. Until the end of the 2007–08 season, IV liga was the fourth tier of league competition in Poland, but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the top level league in Poland.

The clubs from Lesser Poland Voivodeship compete in this group. The winner of the league is promoted to III liga, group IV. The bottom teams are relegated to the one of two Lesser Poland groups of the V liga.

IV liga
IV liga (Czwarta liga) is the fifth level of the Polish football league system. The current structure of IV liga was created in the 2000–01 season after introducing the new administrative division of Poland. Groups consists most often of 18 clubs, which each group winner earning promotion to III liga. The bottom clubs are relegated to Liga okręgowa or V liga (depending on the voivodeship).

Until the end of the 2007–08 season, IV liga was the fourth tier of league system, but this was changed with the formation of the Ekstraklasa as the highest level of football league in Poland.
George Gardner (priest)
George Lawrence Harter Gardner (1 September 1853 – 20 September 1925) was an eminent Anglican priest in the  first quarter of the twentieth century.

Gardner was born on 1 September 1853, educated at Cheltenham College and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and ordained in 1875. After a curacy at St. Mary's, Nottingham he was the incumbent at All Saints, Cheltenham  until 1911. From then until 1920 he was Diocesan Chaplain to the Bishop of Birmingham; and Archdeacon of Aston from 1913. His last post was Archdeacon of Cheltenham.

He died on 20 September 1925.

Archdeacon of Cheltenham
The Archdeacon of Cheltenham is a senior cleric in the Diocese of Gloucester who is responsible for some pastoral care and discipline of clergy in the Cheltenham archdeaconry.

The archdeaconry was created as the Archdeaconry of Cirencester in the Diocese of Gloucester & Bristol on 8 December 1882 from parts of the Gloucester and Bristol archdeaconries. When Gloucester & Bristol diocese was re-divided in 1897, Cirencester archdeaconry remained part of the Gloucester diocese. On 1 August 1919, the archdeaconry's boundaries were altered and it was renamed the Archdeaconry of Cheltenham.

The archdeaconry consists of the deaneries of Cheltenham, Cirencester, North Cotswold, and Tewkesbury & Winchcombe. Almost all of its parishes lie within the ceremonial county of Gloucester, the exceptions being Cirencester's Marston Meysey and Castle Eaton, both in Wiltshire.
Salicornioideae
The Salicornioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae (sensu lato, including the Chenopodiaceae). Important characters are succulent, often articulated stems, strongly reduced leaves, and flowers aggregated in thick, dense spike-shaped thyrses. These halophytic plants are distributed worldwide. Many are edible (see Samphire)

Microcnemum
Microcnemum is a genus in the plant family Amaranthaceae, containing a single species, Microcnemum coralloides. It is a dwarf annual halophyte with fleshy, apparently jointed stems and reduced leaves and flowers. The two subspecies show a disjunct distribution in Spain and Western Asia.
Springbrook Nature Center
Springbrook Nature Center is a 127-acre (0.51 km2) park and nature reserve located in Fridley, Minnesota.  Springbrook features an interpretive building, over three miles (5 km) of hiking trails through wooded and wetland areas, and various public shelters. The mission of Springbrook Nature Center is to preserve the integrity of and enable access to the natural resource base.

Throughout the year, Springbrook hosts various educational programs and community events. It receives approximately 150,000 visitors per year.

Fridley, Minnesota
Fridley is a city in Anoka County, Minnesota, United States. Its population was 29,590 at the 2020 census. It was first settled as a place named Manomin where Rice Creek flows into the Mississippi river and the Red River Oxcart trail crosses the creek. Fridley was incorporated in 1949 as a village and became a city in 1957. It is part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area as a northern "first-ring" or "inner-ring" suburb. Most of the growth in Fridley occurred between 1950 and 1970. Fridley borders Minneapolis to the southwest. Neighboring first-ring suburbs are Columbia Heights to the south and Brooklyn Center to the west, across the Mississippi River.
Black Rock Peak
The Black Rock Peak (Traditional Chinese: 烏石峰; Simplified Chinese: 乌石峰), or Wushi Peak, is a hill in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. It faces the Yuquan Campus of Zhejiang University.

Yuquan Campus, Zhejiang University
Yuquan Campus (simplified Chinese: 玉泉校区; traditional Chinese: 玉泉校區; pinyin: Yùquán Xiàoqū), is a campus of Zhejiang University. It was the location of former headquarters of the university. Today, it also owns some administrative departments of the university.
Chestnut Lodge
Chestnut Lodge (formerly known as Woodlawn Hotel) was a historic building in Rockville, Maryland, United States, well known as a psychiatric institution. Located at 500 West Montgomery Avenue, it was a contributing property to the West Montgomery Avenue Historic District. The building was destroyed by fire in 2009, and the site is now a city park.

West Montgomery Avenue Historic District
The West Montgomery Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Rockville, Montgomery County, Maryland. It is a residential area with single-family homes predominating. The majority of the properties within the district date from the 1880s, with a few older homes and somewhat more from later periods. The predominant character of the district is set by the rows of Victorian houses built between 1880 and 1900 in a vernacular residential mode with Eastlake and Stick Style influences. Also included in the district are attorneys' offices; churches and parsonages; a funeral home; the former Woodlawn Hotel, later called the Chestnut Lodge Sanitarium (destroyed by fire, June 7, 2009); and the headquarters of the Montgomery County Historical Society.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
Propanolamine
In organic chemistry, propanolamine can describe any of the following parent compounds:

2-Amino-1-propanol, the hydrogenated derivative of alanine.

3-Amino-1-propanol, straight-chain and not widely used.

3-Amino-2-propanol (1-Aminopropan-2-ol) (isopropanolamines), prepared by addition of amines to one or two equivalents of propylene oxide.

The propanolamines include many derivatives where the amine is secondary or tertiary.

The parent propanolamines are colorless liquids with the formula C3H9NO.

Propanolamines
Propanolamines are a class of chemical compounds, many of which are pharmaceutical drugs.  They are amino alcohols that are derivatives of 1-amino-2-propanol.

Propanolamines include:

Acebutolol

Atenolol

Betaxolol

Bisoprolol

Metoprolol

Nadolol

Penbutolol

Phenylpropanolamine

Pindolol

Practolol

Propranolol

Ritodrine

Timolol