hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parker Island
Parker Island is a roughly 400-acre (160 ha) island in the Southern Gulf Islands of British Columbia, Canada. It forms the western side of Montague Harbour, sheltering it from the strong wind gusts of Trincomali Channel.  The island may be reached by floatplane, private boat, helicopter or water taxi; there is no public ferry service.

On Parker Island, there is a cable terminal of HVDC Vancouver Island, which is the endpoint of the second overhead line section of HVDC Vancouver Island starting at the east coast of Galiano Island and which reaches Parker Island in a 880-metre (2,890 ft) long span.

Parker Island is named after Lieutenant George Ferdinand Hastings Parker of HMS Ganges, flagship of the Royal Navy's Pacific Station, which was based in Esquimalt.

Parker Island has approximately 25 residents. Half of these residents live there part-time, due to the island's rustic grounds and harsh weather conditions.

Galiano Island
Galiano Island (Hul'qumi'num: Swiikw) is one of the Southern Gulf Islands located between Vancouver Island and the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Located on the west side of the Strait of Georgia, the island is bordered by Mayne Island to the southeast, Salt Spring Island to the west, and Valdes Island to the northwest. Galiano is part of the Capital Regional District Electoral Area G, and has a permanent population of 1,396 inhabitants as of 2021.

Galiano takes its name from Spanish explorer Dionisio Alcalá Galiano, who explored the area in 1792.
Michael Wekerle
Michael Wekerle (born December 17, 1963) is a Canadian merchant banker and television personality, best known for being an investor on the Canadian reality show Dragons' Den for three years, first appearing in the ninth season.

Dragons' Den (Canadian TV series)
Dragons' Den is a Canadian television reality show based on the internationally franchised Dragons' Den format which began in Japan. The show debuted on October 3, 2006, on CBC Television, and is hosted by Dianne Buckner. Aspiring Canadian entrepreneurs pitch business and investment ideas to a panel of venture capitalists (termed "Dragons") in the hope of securing business financing and partnerships. The show also has a Quebec-only spin-off called Dans l'oeil du Dragon (literally 'in the Dragon's eye').

As of November 7th, 2024, 294 episodes of Dragons' Den have aired.
Paul Bowser
Paul Forbes Bowser (May 28, 1886 – July 17, 1960) was an American professional wrestler and promoter who was active from the 1920s to the 1950s in the Boston area.

He founded the Boston-based American Wrestling Association and later a member of the National Wrestling Alliance. The careers of eventual world champions Gus Sonnenberg, Ed Don George, Danno O'Mahony and Steve Casey were started under Bowser's direction. Others that Bowser has been credited for giving their first breaks in wrestling were Maurice Vachon and The Fabulous Moolah

Bowser is a member of the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum and Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame.

Cora Livingston
Cora B. Bowser (1887/1889 – April 22, 1957), better known by the ring name Cora Livingston (also spelled as Livingstone) was an American professional wrestler. She is the first women's world champion in professional wrestling history.
Ptahmose, son of Thutmose
Ptahmose was High Priest of Ptah in Memphis during the time of Thutmose IV and in the beginning of the reign of Amenhotep III.

Ptahmose is mentioned on a round topped, limestone stela with his brother Meryptah. Ptahmose and his brother are sons of the Vizier Thutmose and his wife Tawy. Ptahmose held the titles of count and governor, one great in his office and important in the palace, Sem-priest, and Chief of the Master-craftsmen (High Priest of Ptah).

Ptahmose's brother Meryptah is a well-known individual. He was a count and governor, beloved Sole Companion, confidant of the Good God, the Prophet and Chief Steward of the Mansion of Amenhotep III. Meryptah served as steward in Amenhotep III's mortuary temple and held the position of High Priest of Ptah in Thebes.

High Priest of Ptah
The High Priest of Ptah was sometimes referred to as "the Greatest of the Directors of Craftsmanship" (wr-ḫrp-ḥmwt). This title refers to Ptah as the patron god of the craftsmen.

The office of the high priest of Ptah was located in Memphis in Lower Egypt. The temple of Ptah in Memphis was dedicated to Ptah, his consort Sekhmet and their son Nefertem.
Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008
The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 (SI 2008/1277) is a statutory instrument in the United Kingdom made under the European Communities Act 1972. It came into force on 26 May 2008. It is effectively the successor to the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 (c. 29), which it largely repeals. It was designed to implement the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, as part of a common set of European minimum standards for consumer protection.

Trade Descriptions Act 1968
The Trade Descriptions Act 1968 (c. 29) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which prevents manufacturers, retailers or service industry providers from misleading consumers as to what they are spending their money on.
This law empowers the judiciary to punish companies or individuals who make false claims about the products or services that they sell.

Applying a false trade description to goods is a strict liability offence: provided it is shown that the description was applied and was false, the accused has to prove certain defences in order to escape conviction.

False descriptions as to services require the more normal proof of mens rea (guilty intent).

The act excludes matters relating to land and buildings, which were dealt with under the provisions of the Property Misdescriptions Act 1991.
Headline inflation
Headline inflation is a statistical measure of aggregate price movement within an economy, usually expressed as percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (or other price indices) over a specific time period. It is typically measured using a comprehensive array of goods and services, including commercial products such as food and energy (e.g., oil and gas), which tend to be much more subject to price fluctuations and prone to inflationary spikes. On the other hand, "core inflation" (also non-food-manufacturing or underlying inflation) is commonly calculated from a consumer price index minus the volatile food and energy components.

Headline inflation, alongside core inflation, are among the key economic data produced by various national statistical agencies. It is often used as standard indicator of changes in cost of living and is being targeted by most central banks to influence price stability.

Inflationary spike
An inflationary spike occurs when a particular section of the economy experiences a sudden price rise possibly due to external factors. For example, if a large amount of crop is destroyed, the value of the remaining crop will rise sharply. This will distort the overall measure of inflation  (headline inflation). Core inflation seeks to avoid the influence of these spikes by excluding areas of the economy such as food and energy which may be susceptible to such shocks.
Washington and Lee Law Review
The Washington and Lee Law Review is a law review published four times each year by the Washington and Lee University School of Law and founded in 1939.  It presents lead articles contributed by leading scholars, judges, and lawyers, as well as student notes. Student writers are chosen during the summer after their first year of law school based upon grades and the results of a writing competition. Each staff writer develops a topic for original legal research, and writes over the course of the second year under the supervision of a faculty advisor and student editor. Selected writers continue as editors in the third year of law school.

Washington and Lee University School of Law
37°47′29.2″N 79°26′37.9″W﻿ / ﻿37.791444°N 79.443861°W﻿ / 37.791444; -79.443861

The Washington and Lee University School of Law (W&L Law) is the law school of Washington and Lee University, a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Virginia. It is accredited by the  American Bar Association. Facilities are on the historic campus of Washington and Lee University in Sydney Lewis Hall. W&L Law has a total enrollment of 380 students in the Juris Doctor program as of 2023, and a 10-to-1 student-to-faculty ratio.
Livingston Central High School
Livingston Central High School is a public high school located in Smithland, Kentucky. Its mascot is the cardinal.

LCHS offers many varsity sports, including golf, girls volleyball, boys and girls basketball, baseball, and softball, track and field team and a cross country team.

LCHS offers classes in all core subjects as mandated by the state.  It also offers agriculture, shop, business, P.E., art, music, band, and choir classes. It also offers AP courses and dual credit.

The school is a predominantly White American, with a small percentage of African American and Asian students.

Smithland, Kentucky
Smithland is a home rule-class city in Livingston County, Kentucky, United States, at the confluence of the Ohio and Cumberland Rivers. As of the 2020 census, Smithland had a population of 240. It is the county seat of Livingston County.

Smithland is part of the Paducah metropolitan area.
Kirsanovsky District
Kirsanovsky District (Russian: Кирса́новский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast.  The district borders with Gavrilovsky District in the north, Umyotsky District in the east, Inzhavinsky District in the south, and with Rasskazovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,307.8 square kilometers (504.9 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kirsanov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 21,756 (2010 Census);  23,613 (2002 census); 24,780 (1989 Soviet census).

Umyotsky District
Umyotsky District  (Russian: Умётский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The district borders with Gavrilovsky District in the north, Tamalinsky District of Penza Oblast in the east, Inzhavinsky District in the south, and with Kirsanovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,097 square kilometers (424 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Umyot. Population: 12,044 (2010 Census);  13,545 (2002 Census); 15,228 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Umyot accounts for 39.4% of the district's total population.
Logie Awards of 2016
The 58th Annual TV Week Logie Awards were held on Sunday 8 May 2016 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast live on the Nine Network. Public voting for the Best Award categories began on 16 November 2015, and ended on 17 January 2016. Nominations were announced on 3 April 2016, along with the winners of the Outstanding Newcomer Awards.

It was announced on 4 November 2015, that the 2016 Logie Awards would reinstate the Logie Award for Best Factual Program, as well as a new publicly voted category for Best News Panel or a Current Affairs Program. Two new industry-voted awards were also given, Logie Award for Most Outstanding Supporting Actor and Actress. Additionally, all publicly voted category awards changed their title from "Most Popular" to "Best" awards.

Logie Award for Most Popular Panel or Current Affairs Program
The Logie Award for Most Popular Panel or Current Affairs Program is an award which is presented at the Australian TV Week Logie Awards. It is given to recognise the popularity of an Australian news panel discussion or current affairs television show.

The award was first presented at the 22nd Annual TV Week Logie Awards held in 1980 as the Logie for Most Popular Public Affairs Program. It was eliminated as a category in 1999 but reintroduced in 2000, until it was eliminated again in 2013. For the 58th Annual TV Week Logie Awards ceremony held in 2016, the category was reintroduced as the Logie Award for Best News Panel or a Current Affairs Program and it was also awarded in 2017 before being eliminated in 2018. It returned in 2019 as the Logie Award for Most Popular Panel or Current Affairs Program. It changed to Most Popular Current Affairs Program in 2023.
Black pond turtle
The black pond turtle (Geoclemys hamiltonii), also known commonly as the spotted pond turtle and the Indian spotted turtle, is a species of freshwater turtle in the family Geoemydidae. The species, which is endemic to South Asia, belongs to the monotypic genus Geoclemys.

Geoclemys
Geoclemys is a genus of turtle in the family Geoemydidae. The genus contains a single living species, the black pond turtle (Geoclemys hamiltonii). Two fossil species are also known from the Miocene of Japan: Geoclemys matuuraensis and Geoclemys yudaensis.
Sudervė
Sudervė is one of the oldest villages in Vilnius District Municipality, Lithuania, it is located only about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of Vilnius city municipality. It is located just north of Vilnius, on the road from Vilnius to Kernavė and is the center of Sudervė eldership. At the 2011 census, the village had a population of 523 and grew to 588 as of 2021 census. That was an increase from the 1989 census which recorded the population of 393 inhabitants.

Vilnius District Municipality
Vilnius District Municipality (Lithuanian: Vilniaus rajono savivaldybė) is one of the 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It surrounds the capital city of Vilnius on three sides. The municipality is also bordered by Trakai district and Elektrėnai municipality in the west, Astravyets and Ashmyany districts of Belarus in the east, Širvintos, Molėtai and Švenčionys districts in the north and Šalčininkai district in the south.

The population of the district is one of the fastest growing in Lithuania because of the migration of Vilnius' inhabitants to the suburbs. It stood at 116,584 in January 2024, up from 84 thousand in the early 1990s, meaning an increase by more than a third in less than 30 years.
Thomson Reuters Realized Volatility Index
The Thomson Reuters Realized Volatility Index  is a stock market index from Thomson Reuters Indices. It measures and forecasts realized volatility at a variety of time horizons – from one day to several months.

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
Battle of Belleau Wood
The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918) was a major battle that occurred during the German spring offensive in World War I, near the Marne River in France. The battle was fought by the U.S. 2nd (under the command of Major General Omar Bundy) and 3rd Divisions along with French and British forces against an assortment of German units including elements from the 237th, 10th, 197th, 87th, and 28th Divisions.

In United States Marines Corps lore dating back to the battle, the nickname Teufel Hunden (Devil Dogs) was given to the Marines by German troops. The battle has become a key component of Marine Corps history.

3rd Battalion, 5th Marines
3rd Battalion, 5th Marines (3/5, nicknamed Dark Horse) is an infantry marines battalion in the United States Marine Corps (USMC). The battalion is based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California and consists of approximately 1,000 Marines and Fleet Marine Force Navy personnel.

The 3rd Battalion falls under the command of the 5th Marine Regiment which falls under the command of the 1st Marine Division.
Ash Code
Ash Code is an Italian dark wave band formed in 2014 in Napoli by the singer Alessandro Belluccio, the keyboardist Claudia Nottebella and the bass player Adriano Belluccio.
Ash Code's music encompasses a wide range of influences, including post-punk, synth-pop and EBM.

Ellen Allien
Ellen Fraatz, known professionally as Ellen Allien, is a Berlin-based German electronic musician, music producer, and the founder of BPitch Control music label. Her album Stadtkind was dedicated to the city of Berlin, and she cites the culture of reunified Berlin as one of the main inspirations for her music. She sings in both German and English. Her music is best described as a blend of IDM and techno music, which is dance-floor oriented and has noticeable experimental elements.
Oval Maidan
Oval Maidan is a large Grade I recreational ground situated in South Mumbai, India.  It is so named because of its oval shape and is situated just south of Churchgate. It is a popular recreation ground, with the most popular sports played there being cricket and football. The ground measures 22 acres (8.9 ha) in area. Political rallies and religious functions are banned in the maidan.

Azad Maidan
Azad Maidan (formerly known as Bombay Gymkhana Maidan) is a triangular-shaped maidan (sports ground) in the city of Mumbai, India. It is located on 25 acres (10 ha) of land near the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus station. It is a regular venue for inter-school cricket matches. The name Azad means "liberty" in Persian. The ground is known for its cricket pitches, for protest meetings, and for political rallies. The Bombay Gymkhana clubhouse was built in 1875, at the southern end of the maidan. Every year, Sunni Annual Ijtema is held at Azad Maidan.
Neubau
Neubau (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏbaʊ] ⓘ; Viennese: Neibau; "New Build") is the seventh district of Vienna (German: 7. Bezirk). It is located near the center of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850, but borders changed later. Neubau is a heavily populated urban area, with a major shopping area and residential buildings.
It has a population of 32,027 people (as of 2016-01-01) within an area of 1.61 km² (0.62 sq.mi.).

It consists of the former Vorstädte of Neubau, Altlerchenfeld, St. Ulrich, Schottenfeld and Spittelberg. The district borders are formed by Lerchenfelder Straße in the north, Mariahilfer Straße in the south, Neubaugürtel in the west, and Museumstraße and Museumsplatz in the east.

Districts of Vienna
The districts of Vienna (German: Wiener Gemeindebezirke) are the 23 named city sections of Vienna, Austria, which are numbered for easy reference. They were created from 1850 onwards, when the city area was enlarged by the inclusion of surrounding communities. Although they fill a similar role, Vienna's municipal districts are not administrative districts (Bezirke) as defined by the federal constitution; Vienna is a statutory city and as such is a single administrative district in its entirety.
Acatenango
Acatenango is a stratovolcano in Guatemala, close to the city of Antigua. It is part of the mountain range of the Sierra Madre. The volcano has two peaks, Pico Mayor (Highest Peak) and Yepocapa (3,880 m) which is also known as Tres Hermanas (Three Sisters). Acatenango is joined with Volcán de Fuego and collectively the volcano complex is known as La Horqueta.

Climbing Acatenango is one of Guatemala's most notable tourist attractions; several outfitters have built base camp with cabins for hikers to visit on an overnight trek to view eruptions of Fuego.

Sierra Madre de Chiapas
The Sierra Madre is a major mountain range in Central America. It is known as the Sierra Madre de Chiapas in Mexico. It crosses El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Honduras. The Sierra Madre is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges that consists of an almost continuous sequence of mountain ranges that form the western "backbone" of North America, Central America, and South America.
Castleton Moor railway station
Castleton Moor is a railway station on the Esk Valley Line, which runs between Middlesbrough and Whitby via Nunthorpe. The station, situated 16 miles 45 chains (26.7 km) west of Whitby, serves the village of Castleton in North Yorkshire, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Castleton, North Yorkshire
Castleton is a village on the River Esk, part of the civil parish of Danby in the county of North Yorkshire in England, 7.1 miles (11.5 km) south-east of Guisborough, in the North York Moors. There was once a medieval castle on Castle Hill that is thought to have been abandoned when Danby Castle was constructed.

Castleton has a local school, St Michael and St George's Church. Castleton is a centre for walking, birdwatching, shooting and many other pursuits. It is said that Castleton was named after a castle built near the River Esk. The village has a Clapper bridge that spans Danby Beck; this bridge was listed as Grade II in 2016.

Castleton has a primary school (Castleton Community Primary School) with secondary education available at Caedmon College or Eskdale School, which are both in Whitby.

Castleton was once the main market and industrial town serving Upper Eskdale. There were annual wool, cheese and cattle fairs, cheese market and a silk mill.
Gus Attridge
Michael Guy Attridge, known as Gus Attridge is a South African businessman. He is the deputy CEO of Aspen Pharmacare, which he co-founded with Stephen Saad in 1997. In 2013 Attridge's 4% personal stake in the company was valued at over $320 million.

Stephen Saad
Stephen Bradley Saad (born June 1964) is a South African billionaire businessman, who is the founder and chief executive of Aspen Pharmacare (JSE: APN), the largest producer of generic medicines in Africa.
Casei Gerola
Casei Gerola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia, Lombardy, Italy. It is located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Pavia.

Casei Gerola borders the following municipalities: Castelnuovo Scrivia, Cornale e Bastida, Isola Sant'Antonio, Mezzana Bigli, Molino dei Torti, Pontecurone, Silvano Pietra, Voghera.

It was part of the Counties of Guastalla and, later, county of Montechiarugolo, both ruled by the Torelli family, until 1612. It remained to the Torelli until 1797.

Silvano Pietra
Silvano Pietra is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km southwest of Milan and about 25 km southwest of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 723 and an area of 13.8 km2.

Silvano Pietra borders the following municipalities: Bastida de' Dossi, Casei Gerola, Corana, Mezzana Bigli, Sannazzaro de' Burgondi, Voghera.

It was the site of a royal property at least from the reign of Lambert (896), who granted it to his mother, Ageltrude. It was bequeathed by Queen Adelaide to the monastery of the Saviour at Pavia in 999, but it was still probably regarded as owing service to the crown as late as the 12th century, when it is probably one of the "great appurtenances" of Corana mentioned in the Tafelgüterverzeichnis.