hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arizona Cactus Botanical Garden
The Arizona Cactus Botanical Garden was a non-profit botanical garden, located at 8 Cactus Lane, Bisbee, Arizona, United States, containing representative samples of over 800 varieties of high desert xerophyte plant life.  It was founded by David L. Eppele and has been closed since his death on 19 May 2005.

The Garden featured cactus and succulents from high deserts of the Americas. All plants were cold-hardy and grown with no supplemental water. Shade frames and greenhouses contained hundreds of plants under study for hardiness and potential as landscape plants in high Southwestern deserts. The Garden's library contained over 2,000 volumes.

Bisbee, Arizona
Bisbee is a city in and the county seat of Cochise County in southeastern Arizona, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the town was 4,923, down from 5,575 in the 2010 census.
Alaa el-Din bin el-Emam
Alaa el-Din Ali bin el-Emam (Arabic: علاء الدين علي بن الإمام;15th century – 16th century), commonly known as Alaa el-Din bin el-Emam and nicknamed Abu el-ostool (Arabic: أبو الأسطول, lit. 'Father of the fleet'), was an Egyptian emir from the Egyptian el-Emam family. He is the descendant of the Sheikh of Islam, the Egyptian judge Abu Uday el-Masry bin el-Emam. He rose through the political ladder during the era of the Egyptian Sultan al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri, until he was appointed to the highest positions in the Egyptian Sultanate. He was one of the most powerful figures in the era of the Egyptian Sultanate. He held the positions of Amir al-Hajj (prince of pilgrimage), supervisor of Special, supervisor of Endowments, Secret writer (keeper of secrets) and supervisor of the Egyptian armies.

El-Emam family
The El-Emam family, sometimes spelled el-Imam (Arabic: عائلة الإمام, آل الإمام), is an Egyptian noble family which has had prominent members since the Abbasid era, through the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk era. To this day they still have influence.
Challenge Bank
Challenge Bank was an Australian bank. It was established in April 1987 when the Hotham Permanent Building Society of Victoria and Perth Building Society of Western Australia merged. It produced one of the most iconic ads of the 1980s. In December 1995 it was purchased by Westpac. In May 1996, the Victorian business was sold to the Bank of Melbourne that in turn was purchased by Westpac in 1997. The Challenge Bank brand was retired in the early 2000s.

Bank of Melbourne (1989)
The Bank of Melbourne is a financial institution based in Melbourne, Australia, established in 1989 and taken over by the Westpac Banking Corporation (Westpac) in 1997. In 2004, Westpac rebranded the Bank of Melbourne branches as Westpac branches. In 2011, Westpac resurrected the brand after rebranding its purchase of Bank of St George in Melbourne specifically and possibly in response to its initial closing of the brand.
Konstantin Chernyshov
Konstantin Valeryevich Chernyshov (Russian: Константин Валерьевич Чернышов, born June 11, 1967) is a Russian chess grandmaster (2000) and a chess coach.

In 2008 he tied for 1st–8th with Vugar Gashimov, David Arutinian, Yuriy Kryvoruchko, Sergey Fedorchuk, Andrei Deviatkin, Vasilios Kotronias and Erwin L'Ami in the Cappelle-la-Grande Open Tournament. In 2010 he tied for 1st–4th with Evgeny Bareev, Lê Quang Liêm and Ernesto Inarkiev in the Moscow Open and won the event on tie-break.

Chernyshov is the author of Cognitive Chess: Improving Your Visualization and Calculation Skills. The book was published by Russell Enterprises in 2021 and contains hundreds of exercises that are intended to be worked through in the reader's mind, without looking at a chess board.

Yuriy Kryvoruchko
Yuriy Hryhorovych Kryvoruchko (Ukrainian: Юрій Григорович Криворучко; born 19 December 1986) is a Ukrainian chess player. He was awarded the title of Grandmaster by FIDE in 2006. Kryvoruchko was Ukrainian champion in 2013. He competed in the FIDE World Cup in 2009 and 2013.
Type site
In archaeology, a type site (American English) or type-site (British English) is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological unit, which is often named after it. For example, discoveries at La Tène and Hallstatt led scholars to divide the European Iron Age into the La Tène culture and Hallstatt culture, named after their respective type sites.

The concept is similar to type localities in geology and type specimens in biology.

La Tène (archaeological site)
La Tène is a protohistoric archaeological site on the northern shore of Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Dating to the second part of the European Iron Age it is the type site of the La Tène culture, which dates to about 450 BCE to the 1st century BCE and extends from Ireland to Anatolia and from Portugal to Czechia. La Tène is listed as a property of national significance.
September 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Sep. 17 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - Sep. 19

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 1 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For September 18th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 5.

September 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Sep. 18 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - Sep. 20

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 2 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For September 18th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 6.
USNS Mission San Carlos
SS Mission San Carlos was a Type T2-SE-A2 tanker built for the United States Maritime Commission during World War II. After the war she was acquired by the United States Navy as USS Mission San Carlos (AO-120). Later the tanker transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service as USNS Mission San Carlos (T-AO-120). She was a Mission Buenaventura-class oiler  and was one of two U.S. Navy vessels named for Mission San Carlos Borroméo de Carmelo, located in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, the other being Mission Carmel.

Mission Buenaventura-class oiler
The Mission Buenaventura class was a series of oilers in World War II in service with the United States Navy. Each of the ships was named after a mission or settlement along the El Camino Real in California, the sole exception being Mission Loreto, named for a settlement in Baja California Sur. When Mission Santa Ynez was scrapped in 2010 she was the last of the over 500 T2 tankers built during the war.
Andrew Knack
Andrew Knack (born 1983 or 1984) is a Canadian politician who has served as the mayor of Edmonton since 2025. He previously served as a member of the Edmonton City Council from 2013 to 2025, representing Ward 1 from 2013 to 2021, and Nakota Isga from 2021 to 2025. He was first elected in 2013 and was re-elected in the 2017 and 2021 municipal elections.

2025 Edmonton municipal election
The 2025 Edmonton municipal election was held on October 20, 2025, to elect a mayor, twelve councillors to the Edmonton City Council, nine trustees to the Edmonton Public Schools board of trustees, and seven trustees to the Edmonton Catholic Schools. Each of these were elected using the first-past-the-post voting election system.

Of Edmonton's 679,945 eligible voters, a total of 206,799 voters voted in this election.
Red, White & Screwed
Red White & Screwed is the seventh studio album from American crossover thrash band, M.O.D. It was released in 2007 on Index Entertainment and follows 2003's The Rebel You Love to Hate. After the release of the album Milano disbanded M.O.D., but they returned as a touring unit in 2013 and would not release another album until ten years later.

Busted, Broke & American
Busted, Broke & American is the eighth studio album by American crossover thrash band M.O.D., released on July 7, 2017. It is the band's first studio album in ten years, since Red, White & Screwed (2007), marking the longest gap between two studio albums in their career, and their first release on Megaforce Records since the compilation album Loved by Thousands, Hated by Millions (1995).

The album, which had been in the works for three years, has been referred to as the "Chinese Democracy of crossover thrash", due to its repeated delays. M.O.D. frontman Billy Milano had stated that this would be the band's final album, though they have since stated that they do not rule out releasing new material.
Slater's condition
In mathematics, Slater's condition (or Slater condition) is a sufficient condition for strong duality to hold for a convex optimization problem, named after Morton L. Slater.  Informally, Slater's condition states that the feasible region must have an interior point (see technical details below).

Slater's condition is a specific example of a constraint qualification.  In particular, if Slater's condition holds for the primal problem, then the duality gap is zero, and if the dual value is finite then it is attained.

Duality (optimization)
In mathematical optimization theory, duality or the duality principle is the principle that optimization problems may be viewed from either of two perspectives, the primal problem or the dual problem. If the primal is a minimization problem then the dual is a maximization problem (and vice versa). Any feasible solution to the primal (minimization) problem is at least as large as any feasible solution to the dual (maximization) problem. Therefore, the solution to the primal is an upper bound to the solution of the dual, and the solution of the dual is a lower bound to the solution of the primal. This fact is called weak duality.

In general, the optimal values of the primal and dual problems need not be equal. Their difference is called the duality gap. For convex optimization problems, the duality gap is zero under a constraint qualification condition. This fact is called strong duality.
Hoplitoides
Hoplitoides is an ammonite from the Upper Cretaceous, Turonian belonging to the Coilopoceratidae, a family in the Acanthoceratoidea.  Hoplitoides have early whorls which are grooved, then flat, and finally narrowly rounded venters; early stages with umbilical tubercles and space ribs, later stages becoming smooth. The suture is similar to that of Coilopoceras but less extreme. Hoplitoides has an established distribution which is widespread, from western North America, northwestern Africa and northern South America.

Coilopoceratidae
Coilopoceratidae is a family of generally large, proper ammonites with strongly involute shells from the Cretaceous, Albian to Turonian. Coilopoceratids have variably compressed shells with flattish to broadly rounded sides and narrowly rounded to sharp keel-like venters. Whorl sections are generally lanceolate. The suture is ammonitic with an overall clumpy appearance.

The Coilopoceratidae are derived from the Tissotiidae by a secondary re-development of an ammonitic suture and of more narrowly compressed shells.
Alabama State Route 61
State Route 61 (SR 61) is an 18.311-mile-long (29.469 km) state highway in the west-central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The southern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with U.S. Route 80 (US 80) at Uniontown. The northern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with SR 14 at Greensboro.

U.S. Route 80 in Alabama
U.S. Route 80 (US 80) is a major U.S. Highway in the American state of Alabama. The Alabama Department of Transportation internally designates the majority of US 80 throughout the state as State Route 8 (SR 8), save for parts of the route throughout  Selma and near the Mississippi border. Serving as the main east to west highway through Alabama's Black Belt region, US 80 became well known as the main route for the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches; it was the route along which the Civil Rights demonstrators walked, from Selma to Montgomery, and the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma was the site of Bloody Sunday. The highway was also once a major transcontinental highway (the Dixie Overland Highway) reaching from Tybee Island, Georgia, to San Diego, California, but has since been truncated to Dallas, Texas because it was largely replaced by the Interstate Highway System.
Basic hypergeometric series
In mathematics, basic hypergeometric series, or q-hypergeometric series, are q-analogue generalizations of generalized hypergeometric series, and are in turn generalized by elliptic hypergeometric series.  
A series xn is called hypergeometric if the ratio of successive terms xn+1/xn is a rational function of n.  If the ratio of successive terms is a rational function of qn, then the series is called a basic hypergeometric series. The number q is called the base.

The basic hypergeometric series  was first considered by Eduard Heine (1846). It becomes the hypergeometric series  in the limit when base .

Generalized hypergeometric function
In mathematics, a generalized hypergeometric series is a power series in which the ratio of successive coefficients indexed by n is a rational function of n. The series, if convergent,  defines a generalized hypergeometric function, which may then  be defined over a wider domain of the argument by analytic continuation. The generalized hypergeometric series is sometimes just called the hypergeometric series, though this term also sometimes just refers to the Gaussian hypergeometric series. Generalized hypergeometric functions include  the (Gaussian) hypergeometric function and the confluent hypergeometric function as special cases, which in turn have many particular special functions as special cases, such as elementary functions, Bessel functions, and the classical orthogonal polynomials.
Chase Field Industrial Complex
Chase Field Industrial Complex (FAA LID: 1XA2), formerly Naval Air Station Chase Field, is a former naval air station located in unincorporated Bee County, Texas, near Beeville, Texas. The Texas Department of Criminal Justice operates a group of facilities collectively referred to as the Chase Field Criminal Justice Center on the grounds of the former air station.

The TDCJ facilities include the Correctional Institutions Division Region IV Office, two transfer facilities (Garza East Unit and Garza West Unit), and the Beeville Distribution Center.

Naval Air Station Chase Field
Naval Air Station Chase Field is a former naval air station located in unincorporated Bee County, Texas, near Beeville. It was named for Lieutenant Commander Nathan Brown Chase, Naval Aviator #37, who died in 1925 while developing carrier landing techniques for the U.S. Navy.

Seven buildings of the station are individually listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places: NAS Chase Field-Building 1001, NAS Chase Field-Building 1009, NAS Chase Field-Building 1015, NAS Chase Field-Building 1040, NAS Chase Field-Building 1042, NAS Chase Field-Quarters R, and NAS Chase Field-Quarters S.
Plarail
Plarail (プラレール, Purarēru) is a toy train and plastic track system made by Tomy and introduced in Japan in 1959. It was expanded into a battery-operated electric toy train system in October 1961. Plarail is not compatible with most other brands of model railway, although as it has a similar rail gauge to the wooden toy train systems, rolling stock may run on both systems to some degree. Is used with Disney, Thomas the Tank Engine, Enchoen Plarail, Nashikkokan Plarail.

Toy train
A toy train is a toy that represents a train. It is distinguished from a model train by an emphasis on low cost and durability, rather than scale modeling. A toy train can be as simple as a toy that can run on a track, or it might be operated by electricity, clockwork or live steam. It is typically constructed from wood, plastic or metal. Many of today's steam trains might be considered as real ones as well, providing they are not strictly scale or not enough detailed ones in favor of a robustness appropriate for children or an inexpensive production.
Matchworld Cup
The Matchworld Cup was an annual international exhibition football club competition hosted by the United Arab Emirates from 2011 to 2013. The winners were Al-Hilal in 2011, Zenit St. Petersburg in 2012, Shakhtar Donetsk in 2013.

The 2011 and 2012 competitions were held in Dubai, and the 2013 competition was held in Abu Dhabi's Zayed Sports City Stadium. The competition was organised by Matchworld Group Switzerland, Matchworld Football SA Sports Management Saudi Arabia, and Sportlive Russia.

United Tournament
The United Tournament or United Supercup was an exhibition football club tournament between two best clubs from Ukraine and two from Russia. The context of the tournament were the talks which are held regarding creating the United CIS championship, or joint Russia–Ukraine league. The organisers of the tournament were the same people in charge of drafting a proposal for the united league. (two-legged ties for all pairs of clubs from different countries,), but at the second edition it was changed to a round-robin.

In 2014, the War in Donbas and conflict between Russia and Ukraine put the idea to create a united tournament between the nations on halt.
Karakoram Highway
The Karakoram Highway (Urdu: شاہراہ قراقرم, Śāhirāh-i Qarāquram), also known as the KKH, National Highway 35 (Urdu: قومی شاہراہ ۳۵), N-35, and the China–Pakistan Friendship Highway, is a 1,300 km (810 mi) national highway which extends from Hasan Abdal in the Punjab province of Pakistan to the Khunjerab Pass in Gilgit-Baltistan, where it crosses into China and becomes China National Highway 314.

The highway connects the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa plus Gilgit-Baltistan with China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The highway is a popular tourist attraction and is one of the highest paved roads in the world, passing through the Karakoram mountain range, at  at maximum elevation of 4,714 m (15,466 ft) near Khunjerab Pass. Due to its high elevation and the difficult conditions under which it was constructed, it is often referred to as the Eighth Wonder of the World. The highway is also a part of the Asian Highway AH4.

China National Highway 314
China National Highway 314 (G314) (sometimes referred to as Gansu Provincial Highway 314) runs southwest from Urumqi, Xinjiang towards the Khunjerab Pass, which is on the northern border of the Gilgit–Baltistan territory in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The highway is 1,948 kilometres (1,210 mi) in length. It goes southeast from Urumqi and south of Toksun it turns west and follows the north side of the Tarim Basin to Kashgar. (Its sister, China National Highway 315, follows the south side of the basin.) From Kashgar, it runs south to Pakistan.

The section between Kashgar and Khunjerab Pass also serves as the Chinese part of Karakoram Highway.
Kalat, Balochistan
Kalāt or Qalāt (Brahui/Balochi: کلات), historically known as Qīqān or Kaikan is the historical capital of Kalat State in Kalat district, in Balochistan. The town of Kalat is the headquarter of Kalat District and was also known in the past by the historical names Kalat-e-Baloch and Kalat-e-Sewa.

Qalat, formerly Kalat, is located roughly in the center of the Balochistan province, ‌‌and in the past, the capital of Balochistan (in Kalat State). The Khan of Kalat is presently a ceremonial title held by Mir Suleman Dawood Jan, and the Pakistan government has made efforts  to reconcile with him; his son, Prince Mohammed, who is next in line to be the Khan of Kalat, is pro-Pakistan.

Brahui people
The Brahui (Brahui: براہوئی,[braːhʋiː, braːhu.iː]), Brahvi, or Brohi are an ethnolinguistic group of pastoralists principally found in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, and to a smaller extent in Afghanistan and Iran. They speak Brahui, which belongs to the Dravidian language family.
Gastrinoma
Gastrinomas are neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), usually located in the duodenum or pancreas, that secrete gastrin and cause a clinical syndrome known as Zollinger–Ellison syndrome (ZES). A large number of gastrinomas develop in the pancreas or duodenum, with near-equal frequency, and approximately 10% arise as primary neoplasms in lymph nodes of the pancreaticoduodenal region (gastrinoma triangle).

Most gastrinomas are sporadic (75–80%), whereas approximately 20–25% are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). Over 50% of gastrinomas are malignant and can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and liver. One fourth of gastrinomas are related to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Zollinger–Ellison syndrome, peptic ulcer disease.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1; also known as Wermer syndrome) is one of a group of disorders, the multiple endocrine neoplasias, that affect the endocrine system through development of neoplastic lesions in pituitary, parathyroid gland and pancreas. Individuals suffering from this disorder are prone to developing multiple endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. 
It was first described by Paul Wermer in 1954.
Joshua James (lifesaver)
Joshua James (November 22, 1826 – March 19, 1902) was an American sea captain and a U.S. Life–Saving Station keeper. He was a famous and celebrated commander of civilian life-saving crews in the 19th century, credited with saving over 500 lives from the age of about 15 when he first associated himself with the Massachusetts Humane Society until his death at the age of 75 while on duty with the United States Life–Saving Service. During his lifetime he was honored with the highest medals of the Humane Society and the United States. His father, mother, brothers, wife, and son were also lifesavers in their own right.

James was a recipient of the Gold Lifesaving Medal, awarded by the United States Government, along with four medals, a certificate, and numerous monetary awards from the Massachusetts Humane Society.

Point Allerton Lifesaving Station
Point Allerton Lifesaving Station is a historic building of the United States Life-Saving Service at 1117 Nantasket Avenue in Hull, Massachusetts.  The service was eventually merged with the Revenue Cutter Service to form the United States Coast Guard.  The Queen Anne style station was built in 1889 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.  It is a minimally-decorated building, scaled to fit into the surrounding residential area.  Its first commander was Hull native Joshua James, whose heroic career in lifesaving is detailed in the museum.  Keeper William Sparrow commanded the station through its transition to the United States Coast Guard in 1915.

The structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.  It is the best-preserved of 32 stations that once lined the Massachusetts coast (most have since been demolished or adapted to other uses).  It is now operated as the Hull Lifesaving Museum.
Hôtel de Ville, Thonon-les-Bains
The Hôtel de Ville (French pronunciation: [otɛl də vil], City Hall) is a municipal building in Thonon-les-Bains, Haute-Savoie, in eastern France, standing on Place de l'Hôtel de Ville. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1972.

Thonon-les-Bains
Thonon-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [tɔnɔ̃ le bɛ̃]; Savoyard: Tonon; Italian: Tonone; lit. 'Thonon-the-Baths'), or simply Thonon,  is a subprefecture of the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Thonon-les-Bains is part of a transborder metropolitan area known as Grand Genève. It is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva (French: Lac Léman, or simply Le Léman).