hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transport in Hamburg
Transport in Hamburg comprises an extensive, rail system, subway system, airports and maritime services for the more than 1.8 million inhabitants of the city of Hamburg and 5.3 million people in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.

Since the Middle Ages, as a Hanseatic City one part of Hamburg's transport was the economic trade with other cities or regions. In 2011, the port of Hamburg was the third-largest port in Europe. Hamburg is connected to four motorways and in Hamburg proper are two airports. The Hamburg traffic group Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV) was the first organisation of its kind in the world and in 2008, was in charge for the public transport management in three German states. In 2007, more than 618 million passengers used bus, rapid transit, ferries or light rail.

HADAG
The HADAG (full name HADAG Seetouristik und Fährdienst AG, literally "HADAG Sea-tourism and Ferry service") is a local public transport company in Hamburg, Germany. It owns and operates passengers ferries across the Elbe River, overseen by and integrated into the network of Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV). In 2013, 10.6 million passenger journeys were made on the HADAG network.

In the 1950s the company operated ferries from Hamburg to England, and in the 1980s, the cruise ship MS Astor.
Suni (director)
Sunil Kumar known by his screen name Simple Suni, is an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter and lyricist who works in Kannada cinema. He made his debut with the critically and commercially successful 2013 film Simple Agi Ondh Love Story.

Ashika Ranganath
Ashika Ranganath (born 5 August 1996) is an Indian actress who works in Kannada and Telugu films. She made her acting debut with the Kannada film Crazy Boy (2016). Ashika received the SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Kannada for her performance in Madhagaja (2021) and O2 (2025).
Hudson station (Exo)
Hudson station is a commuter rail station operated by Exo in Hudson, Quebec, Canada.

It is served by the Vaudreuil–Hudson line, with 3 Montreal-bound trips in the morning peak and 3 trips terminating in the evening peak. The station is only served weekdays.

Hudson became the new terminus of the Vaudreuil–Hudson Line on June 30, 2010, after the town of Rigaud was unable to pay its annual fee to the former AMT to continue train service to Rigaud station.

Hudson is the least used station on the Exo commuter rail network, with an average of around 104 passengers per weekday.

Rigaud station
Rigaud station was a commuter rail station in Rigaud, Quebec, Canada. The station originally opened in 1891, and was eventually served by the AMT Dorion-Rigaud commuter line, with one round trip train per day. In 2010, AMT ended service after Rigaud was unable to pay the annual fee.
Missionary Lake
Missionary Lake [formerly named "Grand lac long" (Grand Long Lake)] is located in the municipalities of Trois-Rives and Lac-aux-Sables in the Mekinac Regional County Municipality (RCM), in Batiscanie, in the administrative area of the Mauricie, in the province of Quebec, Canada. It is named in honour of missionary and explorer Paul Le Jeune, one of the founders of the Jesuit mission that was opened in 1634 in nearby Trois-Rivières, Quebec.

Mékinac Regional County Municipality
Mékinac (French: [mekinak]) is a regional county municipality (RCM) of 5,607 km2 located in the administrative region of Mauricie, along the Saint-Maurice River, which also crosses the RCM from one end to the other, and the Matawin River, a tributary of the Saint-Maurice. Located in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Established in January 1982, the Mékinac RCM is made up of 10 or 11 municipalities depending on the source, Saint-Tite is the most populous city, four unorganized territories occupying two-thirds of its surface area.
Cédric Doumbé
Cédric Doumbé (born August 30, 1992) is a Cameroonian-born French professional mixed martial artist and former kickboxer, currently fighting in the Welterweight division of the Professional Fighters League (PFL).

In kickboxing, he is a former two-time Glory Welterweight Champion. Doumbé was ranked as the #1 welterweight in the world for several years by Combat Press and other publications. In 2016 he was named the Fighter of the Year by Combat Press and Liver Kick.

2017 in Glory
The year 2017 was the sixth year in the history of Glory, an international kickboxing event. The year started with Glory 37: Los Angeles. The events were broadcast through television agreements with ESPN and other regional channels around the world.
Neochevalierodendron
Neochevalierodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Detarioideae. It contains a single species, Neochevalierodendron stephanii.

Data related to Neochevalierodendron at Wikispecies

Detarioideae
The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes). This subfamily includes many tropical trees, some of which are used for timber or have ecological importance. The subfamily consists of 84 genera, most of which are native to Africa and Asia. Pride of Burma (Amherstia nobilis) and tamarind (Tamarindus indica) are two of the most notable species in Detarioideae. It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Goniorrhachis marginata Taub. and Aphanocalyx cynometroides Oliv., but not Cercis canadensis L., Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema.
Poornalu
Poornalu, purnalu, boorelu (Telugu: బూరెలు) or burelu is an Indian sweet and dumpling made of rice flour stuffed with jaggery mixed dal paste and dry fruits. It is often served hot with ghee. It is called poornam in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Poornam preparation follows the traditional methods common to all South Indian cuisines. Poornam Boorelu are traditionally prepared using a rice-urad dal batter, and then packed with some shredded dry fruits and channa dal mixture known as poornam and it is then deep-fried in oil until golden brown.

Dumpling
Dumplings are a broad class of dishes that consist of pieces of cooked dough (made from a variety of starchy sources), often wrapped around a filling. The dough can be based on bread, wheat or other flours, or potatoes, and it may be filled with meat, fish, tofu, cheese, vegetables, or a combination. Dumplings may be prepared using a variety of cooking methods and are found in many world cuisines.

One of the earliest mentions of dumplings comes from the Chinese scholar Shu Xi who mentions them in a fu poem 1,700 years ago. In addition, archaeologically preserved dumplings have been found in Turfan, Xinjiang, China dating back over 1,000 years.
Amalgamated Society of Engineers v Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd
Amalgamated Society of Engineers v Adelaide Steamship Co Ltd, commonly known as the Engineers case, was a landmark decision by the High Court of Australia on 31 August 1920. The immediate issue concerned the Commonwealth's power under s 51(xxxv) of the Constitution but the court did not confine itself to that question, using the opportunity to roam broadly over constitutional interpretation.

Widely regarded as one of the most important cases ever decided by the High Court of Australia, it swept away the earlier doctrines of implied intergovernmental immunities and reserved state powers, thus paving the way for fundamental changes in the nature of federalism in Australia.

Federalism in Australia
Federalism was adopted, as a constitutional principle, in Australia on 1 January 1901 – the date upon which the six self-governing Australian Colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia federated, formally constituting the Commonwealth of Australia. It remains a federation of those six original States under the Constitution of Australia.

Australia is the seventh oldest surviving federation in the world after the United States (1789), Mexico (1824), Switzerland (1848), Argentina (1853), Canada (1867), and Brazil (1891).

Relatively few changes have been made in terms of the formal (written) constitution since Australian federation occurred; in practice, however, the way the federal system functions has changed enormously. The most significant respect in which it has changed is in the degree to which the Commonwealth government has assumed a position of dominance.
Sycamore Historic District
The Sycamore Historic District is a meandering area encompassing 99 acres (400,000 m2) of the land in and around the downtown of the DeKalb County, Illinois county seat, Sycamore. The area includes historic buildings and a number of historical and Victorian homes. Some significant structures are among those located within the Historic District including the DeKalb County Courthouse and the Sycamore Public Library. The district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 2, 1978.

There are over 200 properties within the irregular boundaries of the Sycamore Historic District. Of those, 187 are considered contributing properties to the historic district, and 22 are non-contributing. Of all of the district's homes and buildings 75% fit within the historic district concept. Some of the major structures include several prominent Queen Anne style mansions, the Sycamore library, the DeKalb County Courthouse, and dozens of mid- to late 19th-century houses.

Sycamore Public Library
The Sycamore Public Library, in Sycamore, Illinois, was erected in 1905 in the former location of Mansion House, Sycamore's oldest structure. Construction began in May of that year and the library officially opened to the public on Thanksgiving Day, 1905. The library joined the National Register of Historic Places in May 1978 with the rest of the Sycamore Historic District. The library still operates, as of 2019, as the Sycamore library. The library was erected with the help of a $10,000 grant from Andrew Carnegie in 1905.
Saltfleetby
Saltfleetby is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England on the coast of the North Sea, about 7 miles (11 km) east from Louth and 10 miles (16 km) north from Mablethorpe. The parish had a population of 599 in the 2001 Census, decreasing to 568 in the 2011 Census.

A local name for the village is Soloby.

Until 1999, Saltfleetby comprised three parishes: Saltfleetby St Peter, Saltfleetby All Saints and Saltfleetby St Clement, each one centred on the church that gave it its name.

The hamlet of Three Bridges is south of Saltfleetby St Peter.

Saltfleetby contains a wooden village hall, fishing lakes with a campsite and shop, and the Prussian Queen public house.

Saltfleetby Gas Field, north of North End Lane, is part of the neighbouring village of South Cockerington.

Theddlethorpe Gas Terminal
Theddlethorpe Gas Terminal (TGT) is a former gas terminal on the Lincolnshire coast on Mablethorpe Road at Theddlethorpe St Helen close to Mablethorpe in East Lindsey in England. It is just off the A1031 and next door to a holiday camp and Mablethorpe Seal Sanctuary and Wildlife Centre (Animal Gardens).
Martha Nelumbu
Martha Mwadinomho yaKristian Nelumbu (born 7 August 1931) is the Ohamba (queen) of the Oukwanyama, a dynasty of the Ovambo people in northern Namibia. She was crowned in November 2005, succeeding her cousin Kornelius Mwetupunga Shelungu. She is the first woman leader to head this traditional authority.

Queen Mwadinomho lives at the royal residence in Omhedi. Over the years she has given shelter to vulnerable children; As of 2023 there were over 60 of them in her homestead.

Oukwanyama
Oukwanyama (Uukwanyama in the neighbouring Oshindonga dialect) is a traditional kingdom of the Ovambo people in what is today northern Namibia and southern Angola. Its capital is Oihole. They caused one of the biggest defeats in Portuguese colonial history at the Battle of the Cunene in 1904.
Knowle, Bristol
Knowle is a district and council ward in south east Bristol, England, lying on the broad ridge of the Wells Road about 2 mi (3 km) from the city centre. It is bordered by Filwood Park to the west, Brislington to the east, Whitchurch and Hengrove to the south and Totterdown to the north. The area's name, recorded as Canole in the Domesday Book of 1086, is derived from the Old English cnoll (a small rounded hill or hillock), a reflection of the terrain which falls away northwards to the River Avon.

Historically the label Knowle embraced several distinct settlements. Lower Knowle grew up around the medieval demesne of Lower Knowle Farm on the slopes above Bedminster; Upper Knowle developed later along Wells Road, while the large housing estate around Inns Court and Filwood became popularly known as Knowle West.

Whitchurch, Bristol
Whitchurch is a village in north Somerset, England and an adjoining suburb of southern Bristol, bounded by Hartcliffe to the west and Hengrove and Knowle to the north. The suburb was initially developed during the 1930s.

The A37 road, which passes through Whitchurch, links Bristol with Dorchester. Within Bristol the A37 is known as Wells Road, and was one of the first dual carriageways to be built in Bristol.
Meertens Institute
The Meertens Institute (Dutch Meertens Instituut) in Amsterdam is a research institute which studies and documents language and culture in the Netherlands as well as Dutch language and culture throughout the world. The institute is part of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen or KNAW).

Its two departments are Ethnology and oral culture, which studies and documents culture of everyday life in the Netherlands from an international, comparative, and historical perspective, and Language variation, which studies and documents language, language variation and language change in the Netherlands, as well as Dutch languages in the world.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Finnerty Gardens
Finnerty Gardens is a public woodland garden located on and maintained by the University of Victoria in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.  Its main feature is the sizeable collection of rhododendrons artfully arranged throughout the 2.7 hectare (6.5 acre) site.  There are 500 variations of rhododendrons and rhododendron hybrids on the grounds, in addition to 1,600 trees and shrubs, mostly of native varieties.  There are numerous paths and benches throughout the garden winding through and around three ponds located on the site.

University of Victoria
The University of Victoria (UVic) is a public research university located in the municipalities of Oak Bay and Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. Established in 1903 as Victoria College, the institution was initially an affiliated college of McGill University until 1915. From 1921 to 1963, it functioned as an affiliate of the University of British Columbia. In 1963, the institution was re-organized into an independent university.
Venus Flytrap (group)
Venus Flytrap was a Thai pop music group made up of five young transgender women (commonly called kathoey in Thailand). The members were selected from 200 applicants during an audition in 2005 by Sony BMG Music Entertainment, which also promotes the group and provided it with a recording contract.

Their first public performance occurred in November 2006, and their first album, Visa for Love, was released a month later. Also in December 2006, they performed two songs with Thai superstar Tata Young at one of her concerts in Bangkok.

Venus Flytrap is the first all-transgender music group in Thailand with a recording contract, and the second in the world, following South Korean group Lady.

In 2007, Nok and Amy announced they were leaving the band for personal reasons. Twelve prospective replacements competed on a TV show Venus Flytrap Search for the Missing Puzzle for their spots.  Contestants Mew and Bell were the winners.

Kathoey
Kathoey or katoey (Khmer: ខ្ទើយ, romanized: khtəəy; Lao: ກະເທີຍ, romanized: ka thœ̄i, pronounced [kàtʰɤːj]; Thai: กะเทย, RTGS: kathoei, pronounced [kàtʰɤːj]), commonly translated as ladyboys, is a term used by some people in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand who were assigned male at birth and present as transfeminine or effeminate. Transgender women in Thailand mostly use terms other than kathoey when referring to themselves, such as phuying (Thai: ผู้หญิง, 'woman'). In the context of Thai gender norms, many perceive kathoeys as belonging to a third gender.

In the face of the many sociopolitical obstacles that kathoeys navigate in Thailand, kathoey activism has led to constitutional protection from unjust gender discrimination as of January 2015, but a separate third gender category has not yet been legally recognized.
Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire
This is a list of people who served as Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire, Scotland. The post was abolished in 1975, being replaced by the Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire and Arran.

Archibald Montgomerie, 11th Earl of Eglinton 17 March 1794 – 30 October 1796

Hugh Montgomerie, 12th Earl of Eglinton 23 November 1796 – 14 December 1819

George Boyle, 4th Earl of Glasgow 7 January 1820 – 15 August 1842

Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton 15 August 1842 – 4 October 1861

Archibald Kennedy, 2nd Marquess of Ailsa 4 December 1861 – 20 March 1870

John Dalrymple, 10th Earl of Stair 15 June 1870 – 1897

George Arnulph Montgomerie, 15th Earl of Eglinton 1897 – 10 August 1919

Archibald Kennedy, 3rd Marquess of Ailsa 16 November 1919 – 1937

Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet 18 February 1937 – 1950

Sir Geoffrey Hughes-Onslow 17 July 1950 – 1969

Sir James Fergusson, 8th Baronet 7 April 1969 – 25 October 1973

Col. Bryce Muir Knox 5 March 1974 – 1991

Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet
General Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet, GCB, GCMG, DSO, MVO (17 January 1865 – 20 February 1951) was a senior and highly decorated British Army officer and the third governor-general of New Zealand, in office from 1924 to 1930. Before that, he served as a distinguished division and later corps commander almost entirely on the Western Front during the First World War, from 1914 to 1918.
Craniospermum
Craniospermum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, native to Kazakhstan, the Altai, Siberia (Buryatiya, Irkutsk, Tuva), Mongolia, and Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in China. They are tuft-forming biennial or perennial herbs, and are generally highly endemic, thought to be relicts of the hypothesized ancient Mediterranean flora.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Battle of Droizy
The Battle of Droizy (593 CE), fought outside of Soissons, was an action in the ongoing rivalry between the two Merovingian queens, Brunhilda of Austrasia and Fredegund.

In the battle, Fredegund deploys her inferior forces against Brunhilda using Roman military tactics: she chooses the field of battle; and she uses subterfuge. Outnumbered, Fredegund bade her men to carry tree branches to camouflage each other, and to fasten bells to their horses so the opponent would think they were their own grazing horses. Fredegund's forces prevailed, and Brunhilda's army was slaughtered.

The battle is the earliest documentation of 'moving woods' going to battle, which possibly inspired William Shakespeare's Macbeth.

Fredegund
Fredegund or Fredegunda (Latin: Fredegundis; French: Frédégonde; born c. 543, died 8 December 597) was the queen consort of Chilperic I, the Merovingian Frankish king of Neustria. Fredegund served as regent during the minority of her son Chlothar II from 584 until 597.

Fredegund has traditionally been given a rather poor reputation, foremost by the accounts of Gregory of Tours, who depicts her as ruthlessly murderous and sadistically cruel, and she is known for the many stories of her cruelty, particularly for her long feud with her sister-in-law queen Brunhilda of Austrasia.
Haraldssund
Haraldssund (Danish: Haraldsund) is a settlement in the Faroe Islands, situated on the island of Kunoy.

Haraldssund is located on the east coast of Kunoy and is connected to the village of Kunoy on the west coast by a tunnel. To the east, it is linked to the town of Klaksvík on Borðoy by a causeway. The tunnel and the causeway were built in the late 1980s.

Two kilometers south of the village is a small ruin.

Kunoy
Kunoy (Faroese pronunciation: [ˈkuːnɪ], lit. 'Woman island') is an island located in the north-east of the Faroe Islands between Kalsoy to the west (with which there is no physical link) and Borðoy to the east (to which it is linked via a causeway).
D-loop
In molecular biology, a displacement loop or D-loop is a DNA structure where the two strands of a double-stranded DNA molecule are separated for a stretch and held apart by a third strand of DNA.  An R-loop is similar to a D-loop, but in that case the third strand is RNA rather than DNA.  The third strand has a base sequence which is complementary to one of the main strands and pairs with it, thus displacing the other complementary main strand in the region.  Within that region the structure is thus a form of triple-stranded DNA. A diagram in the paper introducing the term illustrated the D-loop with a shape resembling a capital "D", where the displaced strand formed the loop of the "D".

D-loops occur in a number of particular situations, including in DNA repair, in telomeres, and as a semi-stable structure in mitochondrial circular DNA molecules.

R-loop
An R-loop is a three-stranded nucleic acid structure, composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA. R-loops may be formed in a variety of circumstances and may be tolerated or cleared by cellular components.  The term "R-loop" was given to reflect the similarity of these structures to D-loops; the "R" in this case represents the involvement of an RNA moiety.

In the laboratory, R-loops can be created by transcription of DNA sequences (for example those that have a high GC content) that favor annealing of the RNA behind the progressing RNA polymerase. At least 100bp of DNA:RNA hybrid is required to form a stable R-loop structure. R-loops may also be created by the hybridization of mature mRNA with double-stranded DNA under conditions favoring the formation of a DNA-RNA hybrid; in this case, the intron regions (which have been spliced out of the mRNA) form single-stranded DNA loops, as they cannot hybridize with complementary sequence in the mRNA.
Khatib Haji
Khatib Said Haji (31 July 1962 – 20 May 2021) was a Tanzanian ACT Wazalendo politician and Member of Parliament for the Konde constituency from 2010 until his death. He was also the Minister of Agriculture of Zanzibar from 1984 to 1987. He died on 20 May 2021 as he was undergoing treatment at the Muhimbili National Hospital. He was the third member to die during the 12th Tanzanian Parliament.

Alliance for Change and Transparency
The Alliance for Change and Transparency (Swahili: Chama cha Wazalendo, lit. 'Party of Patriots'), sometimes known as the ACT–Wazalendo, is a left-wing political party in Tanzania. It is the third-largest party in the National Assembly of Tanzania. It received its permanent registration in May 2014.