hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Klazomenian sarcophagi
Klazomenian Sarcophagi (also Clazomenian Sarcophagi or Klazomenai Sarcophagi) are a type of ancient Greek sarcophagus named after the Ionian Greek city of Klazomenai, where most examples were found. They are made of coarse clay in shades of brown to pink. Added to the basin-like main sarcophagus is a rectangular broad frame, often covered with a white slip  and then painted.

The second major site for these sarcophagi is Smyrna. A few others have been found in Rhodes, Samos, Lesbos and Ephesos. They were probably produced in Klazomenai, between 550 BC (Late Archaic) and 470 BC (Early Classical).

Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus (pl.: sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a coffin, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word sarcophagus comes from the Greek σάρξ sarx meaning "flesh", and φαγεῖν phagein meaning "to eat"; hence sarcophagus means "flesh-eating", from the phrase lithos sarkophagos (λίθος σαρκοφάγος), "flesh-eating stone". The word also came to refer to a particular kind of limestone that was thought to rapidly facilitate the decomposition of the flesh of corpses contained within it due to the chemical properties of the limestone itself.
Dysart, Saskatchewan
Dysart (/ˈdaɪzɑːrt/; 2016 population: 200) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Lipton No. 217 and Census Division No. 6. The village is located east of Cupar and northwest of Lipton. It is about 91 kilometres (57 mi) north of the city of Regina. The village was named for Dysart, Fife in Scotland.

Division No. 6, Saskatchewan
Division No. 6 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the south-central part of the province. The most populous community in this division is Regina, the provincial capital.
César Chávez Learning Academies
The César E. Chávez Learning Academies, also known as Valley Region High School 5 (VRHS #5), is a public high school of the Los Angeles Unified School District. It is located in the City of San Fernando in the San Fernando Valley region of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, in the US state of California. It is named after César Chávez.

The school opened in 2011, relieving overcrowding at San Fernando High School, Sylmar High School, Kennedy High School, and Verdugo Hills High School. When the school opened it had 1,600 students. Its design was based on historical California missions. The school campus is divided into four academies: Technology Prep Academy, ArTES, Social Justice Humanitas Academy, and San Fernando Academy of Scientific Exploration (ASE).

San Fernando, California
San Fernando (Spanish for "St. Ferdinand") is a general-law city in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It is an enclave in the City of Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census the population of San Fernando was 23,946.
Chauha
Chuha is a town in Lamki Chuha Municipality in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. The formerly Village development committee was merged along with Baliya VDC to form the new municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 10,145 living in 1,497 individual households.

Lamkichuha
Lamki Chuha is a municipality in Kailali District in Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal established on 18 May 2014 by merging Baliya and Chuha, two existing village development committees. Later in May, 2014 it was formed by merging all the wards of Pratappur Village development committee.
Lamki Chuha lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) east of Dhangadhi and 590 km (370 mi) west of the capital, Kathmandu. It is surrounded by Bardagoriya Rural Municipality and Joshipur Rural Municipality in the west, Bardiya District in the east, Mohanyal Rural Municipality in the north and Janaki Rural Municipality in the south. Its municipal office is located at Lamki Chuha-2, Bhalka, Kailali.
Aveyron
Aveyron (French: [avɛʁɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Avairon [aβajˈɾu]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French. The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of 8,735 square kilometres (3,373 sq mi) and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 people/km2 (83 people/mi2).

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
Flip clock
A flip clock (also known as a "flap clock") is an electromechanical, digital timekeeping device which displays the time through a split-flap display, where numbers are revealed by flipping or rotating a series of plates or leaves.

Digital clock
A digital clock displays the time digitally (i.e. in numerals or other symbols), as opposed to an analogue clock.

Digital clocks are often associated with electronic drives, but the "digital" description refers only to the display, not to the drive mechanism. (Both analogue and digital clocks can be driven either mechanically or electronically, but "clockwork" mechanisms with digital displays are rare.)
Battle of Maritsa
The Battle of Maritsa, also known as the Battle of Chernomen (Serbian: Marička bitka / Маричка битка; Turkish: Çirmen Muharebesi, İkinci Meriç Muharebesi; "Second Battle of Maritsa"), was fought on 26 September 1371 near the Maritsa River, close to the village of Chernomen (present-day Ormenio, Greece). The conflict pitted the Ottoman forces under Lala Şahin Pasha and Hacı İlbey against a coalition of Serbian lords, led by King Vukašin Mrnjavčević and his brother Despot Jovan Uglješa who sought to halt the Ottomans' westward advance. The battle ended in a decisive Ottoman victory in which both Serbian commanders were killed, marking the decline of Serbian power in Macedonia and paving the way for Ottoman expansion into the central Balkans.

Stefan Uroš V
Saint Stefan Uroš V (Serbian Cyrillic: Стефан Урош V, pronounced [stêfaːn ûroʃ peːti] ⓘ; 1336 – 2/4 December 1371), known in historiography and folk tradition as Uroš the Weak (Serbian: Урош Нејаки, romanized: Uroš Nejaki), was the second Emperor (Tsar) of the Serbian Empire (1355–1371), and before that he was Serbian King and co-ruler (since 1346) with his father, Emperor Stefan Dušan.
Nicole Hesse-Cazaux
Nicole Hesse-Cazaux (born 18 September 1948) is a French former tennis player.

Hesse-Cazaux was a regular participant at the French Open and made three appearances in the singles main draw.

During her time in tennis she also competed under her maiden name Cazaux as well as Bîmes, from her marriage to tennis executive Christian Bîmes, with whom she had two daughters. She has since married former tennis player Yannick Hesse and they are the parents of Amandine Hesse, who competes on tour.

Amandine Hesse
Amandine Hesse (French pronunciation: [amɑ̃din ɛs]; born 16 January 1993) is a French professional tennis player.

Hesse has won six singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. On 9 May 2016, she reached her career-high WTA singles ranking of No. 154. On 2 May 2016, she peaked at world No. 108 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for the France Fed Cup team, Hesse has a win–loss record of 3–1.
The Happy Hollisters
The Happy Hollisters is a book series about a family who loves to solve mysteries. The series was published by the Stratemeyer Syndicate and written entirely by Andrew E. Svenson (1910–1975) under the pseudonym Jerry West. Helen S. Hamilton (1921–2014) illustrated the books.

Andrew E. Svenson
Andrew Edward Svenson (May 8, 1910 – August 21, 1975) was an American children's author, publisher, and partner in the Stratemeyer Syndicate. Under a variety of pseudonyms, many shared with other authors, he wrote and cowrote more than 70 books for children, including in the Hardy Boys, Bobbsey Twins, Tom Swift, and Honey Bunch series. He wrote the series The Happy Hollisters using the pseudonym Jerry West and The Tolliver Family as Alan Stone.
Sándor Szurmay
Vitéz Baron Sándor Szurmay de Uzsok (19 December 1860 – 26 February 1945) was a Hungarian military officer and politician, who served as Minister of Defence for the Hungarian portion of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary between 1917 and 1918.

Ludovica Academy
47°28′54″N 19°5′8″E﻿ / ﻿47.48167°N 19.08556°E﻿ / 47.48167; 19.08556

The Royal Hungarian Ludovica Military Academy (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvéd Ludovika Akadémia, Latin: Ludoviceum, German: Ludovika-Akademie), shortened to Ludovica or Ludovica Academy, was Hungary's officer cadets training institute prior to 1945. The main edifice of the academy was erected in 1836 at the Ludovica Garden, in Budapest's centrally located VIIIth district. The building was designed by Mihály Pollack in the classical style.
Battle of Pengcheng
The Battle of Pengcheng was fought in Pengcheng (present-day Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China) in April 205 BC between the kingdoms of Western Chu and Han, led by Xiang Yu and Liu Bang respectively. The Han forces were unprepared and suffered heavy losses. Several of Liu Bang's family members were captured and some of his allies defected to Chu as a result of his defeat.

Zhang Liang (Western Han)
Note: In this article, to distinguish between the Han state of the Warring States period and the Han dynasty, the former is referred to as "Hán" while "Han" is reserved for the latter.

Zhang Liang (c. 251 BC – 189 BC), courtesy name Zifang (子房), was a Chinese military strategist and politician who lived in the early Western Han dynasty. He is also known as one of the "Three prominences of the early Han dynasty" (漢初三傑), along with Han Xin (韓信) and Xiao He.

Zhang Liang contributed greatly to the establishment of the Han dynasty. He was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Liu (留侯) with estates in Liu County (留縣, in modern day Pei County). After his death, he was honoured with the posthumous title "Marquis Wencheng" (Chinese: 文成侯; lit. 'Marquis of Civilly Accomplished') by Emperor Qianshao.
4 Hours of Portimão
The 4 Hours of Portimão (also known as 4 Hours of Algarve) is an endurance race for sports cars, held at Autódromo Internacional do Algarve, in Portugal. The first races were held in 2009 and 2010 as 1000 Kilometres of Algarve, as part of Le Mans Series calendar. Since 2017, it is run in 4 hours format, as part of the European Le Mans Series.

Algarve International Circuit
The Algarve International Circuit (Portuguese: Autódromo Internacional do Algarve), also known as the Portimão Circuit, is a 4.653 km (2.891 mi) race circuit located in Portimão, Algarve region, Portugal. The development includes a karting track, off-road track, technology park, five-star hotel, sports complex and apartments.

The circuit was designed by Ricardo Pina, Arquitectos. The construction was finished in October 2008 and the circuit was homologated by both the FIM on 11 October 2008 and the FIA two days later. The total cost was €195 million (approximately $250 million).
Kenneth Claiborne Royall
Kenneth Claiborne Royall Sr. (July 24, 1894 – May 25, 1971) was a U.S. Army general and the last man to hold the office of Secretary of War, which was abolished in 1947. Royall served as the first Secretary of the Army from 1947 to 1949, until he was compelled into retirement for refusing to comply with President Harry S. Truman's Executive Order 9981 for racial desegregation of the military forces of the United States.

United States Secretary of the Army
The secretary of the Army (SA or SECARMY) is a senior civilian official within the United States Department of Defense, with statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, installations, environmental issues, weapons systems and equipment acquisition, communications and financial management.

The secretary of the Army is nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate. The secretary is a non-Cabinet-level official, subordinate to the secretary of defense. This position was created on September 18, 1947, replacing the secretary of war, when the Department of War was split into the Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force.

On February 25, 2025, Daniel P. Driscoll was confirmed as the secretary of the Army, and was sworn in to office later that day.
Becton Regional High School
Henry P. Becton Regional High School (commonly known as Becton Regional High School) is a four-year comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Carlstadt and East Rutherford, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Carlstadt-East Rutherford Regional School District. Students from Maywood attend the school as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Maywood Public Schools.

Becton Regional High School is accredited by the New Jersey Department of Education and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools since 1938.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 853 students and 60.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.1:1. There were 290 students (34.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 56 (6.6% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Carlstadt, New Jersey
Carlstadt is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 6,372, an increase of 245 (+4.0%) from the 2010 census count of 6,127, which in turn reflected an increase of 210 (+3.5%) from the 5,917 counted in the 2000 census.

Carlstadt was originally formed as a village by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 12, 1860, within Lodi Township. Most sources indicate that the community was named for Carl Klein, the leader of a group of early German settlers who led the project to establish the community though Henry Gannett stated that the name derived from the city of Karlovac in Croatia, which was known as "Carlstadt" in German. The Borough of Carlstadt was incorporated on June 27, 1894, formally set off from Bergen Township. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone.
Grafton Regis
Grafton Regis is a village and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England, on the border with Buckinghamshire. The village is east of the A508 road, on which it has a short frontage and two bus stops, and is around 8 miles (13 km) south of Northampton and 9 miles (14 km) north of Milton Keynes. The population of the civil parish (including Alderton) at the 2001 census was 152. This increased to 253 at the 2011 census.

The peerage title Duke of Grafton is named for this village.

Stoke Park Pavilions
Stoke Park Pavilions are all that remain of the stately house and grounds of Stoke Park near the village of Stoke Bruerne, Northamptonshire, England, approximately 8 miles (13 km) south of Northampton and 11 miles (18 km) north of Milton Keynes.
Soap made from human corpses
During the 20th century there were various instances of soap being made from human body fat. During World War I, the British press claimed that the Germans operated a corpse factory in which they made glycerine and soap from the bodies of their own soldiers. Both during and after World War II, widely circulated rumors claimed that soap was being mass-produced from the bodies of the victims of Nazi concentration camps which were located in German-occupied Poland. During the Nuremberg trials items were presented as evidence of such production. The Yad Vashem Memorial has stated that the Nazis did not in fact produce soap with fat extracted from Jewish corpses on an industrial scale, but that they may have circulated rumors to this effect in order to frighten camp inmates.

Soap
Soap is a salt of a fatty acid (sometimes other carboxylic acids) used for cleaning and lubricating products as well as other applications. In a domestic setting, soaps, specifically "toilet soaps", are surfactants usually used for washing, bathing, and other types of housekeeping. In industrial settings, soaps are used as thickeners, components of some lubricants, emulsifiers, and catalysts.

Soaps are often produced by mixing fats and oils with a base. Humans have used soap for millennia; evidence exists for the production of soap-like materials in ancient Babylon around 2800 BC.
Gunpowder Railway
The Gunpowder Railway is a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow-gauge railway running roughly 1 km along the perimeter of the Waltham Abbey Royal Gunpowder Mills site. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, an extensive narrow-gauge railway was used to transport materials used in the manufacture of gunpowder around the Gunpowder Mills site.

It was reconstructed during 2003–2018 and since 2022 has operated as a heritage tourist attraction.

Waltham Abbey Royal Gunpowder Mills
The Royal Gunpowder Mills are a former industrial site in Waltham Abbey, England.
It was one of three Royal Gunpowder Mills in the United Kingdom (the others being at Ballincollig and Faversham). Waltham Abbey is the only site to have survived virtually intact.

The Royal Gunpowder Mills, Waltham Abbey, were in operation for over 300 years. Starting in the mid-1850s the site became involved in the development of revolutionary nitro-based explosives and propellants known as "smokeless powder". The site grew in size, and black powder became less important.

Shortly after the Second World War it became solely a Defence Research Establishment – firstly the Explosives Research and Development Establishment, then the Propellants, Explosives and Rocket Motor Establishment Waltham Abbey; and finally the Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment Waltham Abbey.
Casteldidone
Casteldidone (Cremunés: Casteldidòon) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Milan and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Cremona.

Casteldidone borders the following municipalities: Casalmaggiore, Martignana di Po, Piadena, Rivarolo del Re ed Uniti, Rivarolo Mantovano, San Giovanni in Croce.

Rivarolo del Re ed Uniti
Rivarolo del Re ed Uniti (Casalasco-Viadanese: Rivaról) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Milan and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Cremona.

Rivarolo del Re ed Uniti borders the following municipalities: Casalmaggiore, Casteldidone, Rivarolo Mantovano, Sabbioneta, Spineda.
Somerville, Texas
Somerville (/ˈsʌmərvɪl/ SUM-ər-vil) is a city in Burleson County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,312 at the 2020 census. Somerville is named for Albert Somerville the first president of the Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway.

Burleson County, Texas
Burleson County (/ˈbɜːrlɪsən/ BUR-liss-ən) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,642. Its county seat is Caldwell. The county is named for Edward Burleson, a general and statesman of the Texas Revolution.

Burleson County is part of the College Station-Bryan metropolitan statistical area.
Newark Rural District
Newark was a rural district in Nottinghamshire, England from 1894 to 1974.

It was formed by the Local Government Act 1894 from the Newark rural sanitary district.  The district was long and thin, being far longer from the far north to the far south than it was widthwise, as much of the Newark RSD had been in Lincolnshire, and went to form the Claypole Rural District.

The district was amended slightly in 1935 under a County Review Order, losing some area to Newark, but taking some parishes from Southwell Rural District.

In 1974 it was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, becoming part of a Newark and Sherwood district along with Southwell RD and the Newark borough.

Municipal Borough of Newark
Newark was a Municipal Borough in Nottinghamshire, England from 1835 to 1974. It was created under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835.

The borough was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 and combined with Newark Rural District and Southwell Rural District to form the new Newark and Sherwood district.
Bean's Grant, New Hampshire
Bean's Grant is a township in southern Coös County, New Hampshire, United States, north of Crawford Notch State Park. The grant lies entirely within the White Mountain National Forest. The population was zero as of the 2020 census.

In New Hampshire, locations, grants, townships (which are different from towns), and purchases are unincorporated portions of a county which are not part of any town and have limited self-government (if any, as many are uninhabited).

Carroll, New Hampshire
Carroll is a town in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 820 at the 2020 census. The two largest villages are Twin Mountain and Bretton Woods. Carroll is an important access point for recreational areas in the White Mountains, including many 4,000-footers, the Zealand River area, the Presidential Range, and the Presidential Dry River Wilderness. The town is home to the Mount Washington Hotel at Bretton Woods and to the Highland Center at Crawford Notch, the Appalachian Mountain Club's four-season lodge.

Carroll is part of the Berlin, NH-VT Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Fossalto
Fossalto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Campobasso.

Fossalto borders the following municipalities: Castropignano, Limosano, Pietracupa, Salcito, Sant'Angelo Limosano, Torella del Sannio.

Sant'Angelo Limosano
Sant'Angelo Limosano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Campobasso. As of 31 December 2024, it had a population of 301 and an area of 16.8 square kilometres (6.5 sq mi).

Sant'Angelo Limosano borders the following municipalities: Fossalto, Limosano, Lucito, Salcito, San Biase, Trivento.