hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Rose Garden (film)
The Rose Garden is a 1989 American drama film directed by Fons Rademakers and written by Paul Hengge. The film stars Liv Ullmann, Maximilian Schell, Peter Fonda, Jan Niklas, Hanns Zischler, Alma Almagor as Ruthi and Kurt Hübner. The film was released on December 22, 1989, by Cannon Film Distributors.

The Cannon Group, Inc.
The Cannon Group, Inc. was an American group of companies, including Cannon Films, which produced films from 1967 to 1994. The extensive group also owned, amongst others, a large international cinema chain and a video film company that invested heavily in the video market, buying the international video rights to several classic film libraries. The Cannon catalogue encompasses a wide range of different genres. Cannon Films is known for its highly successful 1980s action B movies, such as Missing in Action (1984), American Ninja (1985), and Bloodsport (1988). It also produced the Oscar-nominated films Joe (1970), Runaway Train (1985) and Street Smart (1987).
Ile District, Kazakhstan
Ile District (Kazakh: Іле ауданы, romanized: Ile audany) is a district of Almaty Region in Kazakhstan. It was formerly known as the Iliysk District (Russian: Илийский район, romanized: Ilijskij raion). Both names refer to the importance of the Ili River in the area. Its administrative center is the settlement of Otegen Batyr. Population: 191,897 (2013 estimate); 170,695 (2009 census results); 120,725 (1999 census results).

Almaty Region
Almaty Region (Kazakh: Almaty oblysy [ɑɫmɑˈtə ˌwobɫɤˈsə]), formerly known as the Alma-Ata Region until 1993, is a region in Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country. It surrounds, but does not include, the eponymous city of Almaty. Its capital is Qonaev.
City of Hume
The City of Hume is a local government area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It includes the outer north-western suburbs, including the major centres of Broadmeadows, Craigieburn and Sunbury, as well as a number of rural localities between 13 and 40 kilometres from the Melbourne city centre.

It has an area of 504 square kilometres, and in June 2018 it had a population of 224,394. The City was formed on 15 December 1994 after the amalgamation of most of the City of Broadmeadows, the Shire of Bulla and parts of the City of Keilor and City of Whittlesea.

The City was Australia's first local government to introduce a Bill of Rights for its denizens in 2004, following the establishment of a Social Justice Charter in 2001. This Bill of Rights predates the State Government's Charter of Rights and Responsibilities by three years, and is more sweeping in that it explicitly includes economic, social, and cultural rights.

City of Broadmeadows
The City of Broadmeadows was a local government area about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 63.65 square kilometres (24.58 sq mi), and existed from 1857 until 1994.
Artin–Tate lemma
In algebra, the Artin–Tate lemma, named after John Tate and his former advisor Emil Artin, states:

Let A be a commutative Noetherian ring and  commutative algebras over A. If C is of finite type over A and if C is finite over B, then B is of finite type over A.

(Here, "of finite type" means "finitely generated algebra" and "finite" means "finitely generated module".) The lemma was introduced by E. Artin and J. Tate in 1951 to give a proof of Hilbert's Nullstellensatz.

The lemma is similar to the Eakin–Nagata theorem, which says: if C is finite over B and C is a Noetherian ring, then B is a Noetherian ring.

Eakin–Nagata theorem
In abstract algebra, the Eakin–Nagata theorem states: given commutative rings  such that  is finitely generated as a module over , if  is a Noetherian ring, then  is a Noetherian ring. (Note the converse is also true and is easier.)

The theorem is similar to the Artin–Tate lemma, which says that the same statement holds with "Noetherian" replaced by "finitely generated algebra" (assuming the base ring is a Noetherian ring).

The theorem was first proved in Paul M. Eakin's thesis (Eakin 1968) and later independently by Masayoshi Nagata (1968). The theorem can also be deduced from the characterization of a Noetherian ring in terms of injective modules, as done for example by David Eisenbud in (Eisenbud 1970); this approach is useful for a generalization to non-commutative rings.
Southern Mande languages
The Southern Mande languages (called 'Southeastern Mande' in Kastenholz, who calls the superior Southeastern Mande node 'Eastern') are a branch of the Mande languages spoken across Ivory Coast and into Liberia.

Mande languages
The Mande languages are a family of languages spoken in several countries in West Africa by the Mandé peoples. They include Maninka (Malinke), Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Kpelle, Jula (Dioula), Bozo, Mende, Susu, and Vai. There are around 60 to 75 languages spoken by around 60 million people, chiefly in Burkina Faso, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) and also in southern Mauritania, northern Ghana, northwestern Nigeria and northern Benin.

The Mande languages show a few lexical similarities with the Atlantic–Congo language family, so together they have been proposed as parts of a larger Niger–Congo language family since the 1950s. However, the Mande languages lack the noun-class morphology that is the primary identifying feature of the Atlantic–Congo languages. Accordingly, linguists increasingly treat Mande and Atlantic–Congo as independent language families.
Denaturation (food)
Denaturation is the process by which foods or liquids are made unpleasant or dangerous to consume; it is done by adding a substance known as a denaturant. Aversive agents—primarily bitterants and pungent agents—are often used to produce an unpleasant flavor. For example, the bitterant denatonium might be added to food used in a laboratory, where such food is not intended for human consumption.

A poisonous substance may be added as an even more powerful deterrent. For example, methanol is blended with ethanol to produce denatured alcohol. The addition of methanol, which is poisonous, renders denatured alcohol unfit for consumption, as ingesting denatured alcohol may result in serious injury or death. Thus denatured alcohol is not subject to the taxes usually levied on the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Aniline was used to denature colza oil in the 1980s.

Aversive agent
Aversive agents are unpleasantly flavored substances added to poisonous household goods to discourage children and animals from consuming them. Aversive agents are not intended to be harmful, only unpleasant. For example, to prevent children from consuming poisonous anti-freeze, which has a sweet flavor due to the ethylene glycol, an aversive agent is added, which gives the anti-freeze an unpleasant taste. There are two primary classes of aversive agents: bitterants, chemicals producing a bitter flavor, and pungent agents, chemicals producing an unpleasantly spicy flavor.
Dead Woman from Beverly Hills
Dead Woman from Beverly Hills (German: Die Tote von Beverly Hills) is a 1964 West German drama film directed by Michael Pfleghar and starring Heidelinde Weis, Klausjürgen Wussow and Horst Frank. It was entered in the 1964 Cannes Film Festival.

Kessler Twins
Alice and Ellen Kessler (born Kaessler, German: [aˈliːsə/ˈɛlən ˈkɛslɐ]; 20 August 1936 – 17 November 2025), usually credited as the Kessler Twins (German: die Kessler-Zwillinge; Italian: le gemelle Kessler), were twin German singers, dancers and actresses who were popular in Europe, especially Germany and Italy, during the 1950s and 1960s.
Alà dei Sardi
Alà dei Sardi (Sardinian: Alà) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the autonomous island region of Sardinia in Italy, located about 160 kilometres (99 miles) north of Cagliari and about 35 kilometres (22 miles) southwest of Olbia. It has a population of 1,758.

Alà dei Sardi borders the following municipalities: Berchidda, Bitti, Buddusò, Monti, Olbia, Oschiri, Padru.

Alà is characterized by a predominant use of Sardinian as everyday language. It is home to the Trofeo Alasport, an annual cross country running event.

Padru
Padru (Gallurese: Patru; Sardinian: Padru) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gallura North-East Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Olbia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,107 and an area of 130.2 square kilometres (50.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Padru contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Sozza, Cuzzola, Sa Serra, Pedra Bianca, Biasì, Tirialzu, Ludurru, Sos Runcos, and Sas Enas.

Padru borders the following municipalities: Alà dei Sardi, Loiri Porto San Paolo, Olbia, San Teodoro (OT), Torpè, Lodè, Bitti.
Tokat Airport
Tokat Airport (IATA: TJK, ICAO: LTAW) is an airport built in 1995 in Tokat, the city in inner Black Sea region of Turkey. Flights from the airport were halted and resumed again several times, most recently in 2017. Construction on a new airport started in 2018 and was completed in 2022. Since March 2022, Turkish Airlines operates flights from Tokat Airport to Istanbul.

Tokat
Tokat is a city of Turkey in the mid-Black Sea region of Anatolia. It is the seat of Tokat Province and Tokat District. Its population is 163,405 (2022). It is located at the confluence of the Tokat River (Tokat Suyu) with the Yeşilırmak.
Bad Soden-Salmünster station
Bad Soden-Salmunster station is the station of the town of Bad Soden-Salmünster on the Frankfurt–Göttingen railway in the German state of Hesse. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 5 station.

Wächtersbach station
Wächtersbach station is a station in the town of Wächtersbach in the German state of Hesse on the Frankfurt–Göttingen railway. The former Bad Orb Light Railway (Bad Orber Kleinbahn) branches off at the station. It was originally standard gauge, but has been converted to narrow gauge. The Vogelsberg Southern Railway (Vogelsberger Südbahn) also used to branch off here to Hartmannshain (in the municipality of Grebenhain) via Birstein. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 4 station.
Vittorio Colao
Vittorio Amedeo Colao (born 3 October 1961) is an Italian manager who served as Minister for Technological Innovation and Digital Transition in the government of Prime Minister Mario Draghi from 2021 to 2022. From 2008 until 2018, he was the chief executive officer at Vodafone Group.

Arun Sarin
Arun Sarin (born 21 October 1954) is an Indian-American telecommunications executive.

Sarin was the former CEO of the telecom giant Vodafone, serving from 2003 until 2008. He drove the integration of Vodafone, Airtouch and Mannesman. He was also the driving force behind the Vodafone's strategic move into emerging markets, especially Asia and Africa, through the purchases of Turkish operator Telsim and a controlling stake in Hutchison Essar in India. He was a senior advisor at the private equity firm KKR. He also serves on the board of directors of Ola Electric , Charles Schwab and Accenture.

Sarin received an honorary knighthood from the Queen at Buckingham Palace on 10 March 2010.
Gragnano
Gragnano is a hill town and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples, in southern Italian region of Campania. It is located about 30 kilometres (19 miles) southeast of Naples, between a mountain crest and the Amalfi Coast.

Gragnano borders the following municipalities: Agerola, Casola di Napoli, Castellammare di Stabia, Lettere, Pimonte, Ravello, Sant'Antonio Abate, Santa Maria la Carità, Scala.

In 1169 its name was added to the title of the bishopric of nearby Lettere, which was thus renamed Roman Catholic Diocese of Lettere-Gragnano, but Gragnano never had a co-cathedral and its title was dropped when the suppressed see was nominally restored as titular bishopric of Lettere.

Lettere
Lettere is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the southern central Italian region Campania, located about 30 km southeast of Naples.

Lettere borders the following municipalities: Angri, Casola di Napoli, Corbara, Gragnano, Ravello, Sant'Antonio Abate, Tramonti.

It was built near Ancient Liternum.

From 987 it was the see of a bishopric, which was renamed Roman Catholic Diocese of Lettere-Gragnano (viz.) from 1169 till its merger into the Diocese of Castellammare di Stabia. In 1968 it was nominally restored as Latin Titular bishopric of Lettere.
Burnham Beeches Golf Club
Burnham Beeches Golf Club is a golf club, located in Burnham, Buckinghamshire, England. Established in 1891, it is the oldest golf club in Buckinghamshire.

Burnham Beeches' 18-hole golf course was built on land owned by the City of London Corporation. In 1909 the land was bought by Lord Burnham and leased to the club. It continued to be leased from the Burnham Trust until 2014, when the club purchased the land outright. Early in the twentieth century, J.H. Taylor was consulted on changes to the course.

In 1984, Burnham Beeches hosted the White Horse Whisky Challenge, a tournament on the WPGA circuit, which later became known as the Ladies European Tour. The winner of the tournament was Federica Dassù of Italy.

Burnham, Buckinghamshire
Burnham is a large village and civil parish that lies north of the River Thames in southern Buckinghamshire, between the towns of Maidenhead and Slough, about 24 miles west of Charing Cross, London. It is probably best known for the nearby Burnham Beeches woodland.

The village is served by Burnham railway station on the main line between London Paddington and Reading. The M4 motorway passes through the south of the parish.
Rettendon Brook
Rettendon Brook is a 4.795 km (3.0 mile) tributary of the River Crouch, in South East Essex. It arises in South Hanningfield and runs east through Rettendon to South Woodam Ferrers where it discharges into the river Crouch along the tidal Fenn Creek.

River Crouch
The River Crouch is a small river that flows entirely through the English county of Essex.

The distance of the Navigation between Holliwell Point which is north of Foulness Island and Battlesbridge is 17.5 Miles, i.e. 15.21 Nautical Miles.
AGM-28 Hound Dog
The North American Aviation AGM-28 Hound Dog was a supersonic, turbojet-propelled, nuclear armed, air-launched cruise missile developed in 1959 for the United States Air Force. It was primarily designed to be capable of attacking Soviet ground-based air defense sites prior to a potential air attack by B-52 Stratofortress long range bombers during the Cold War. The Hound Dog was first given the designation B-77, then redesignated GAM-77, and finally AGM-28. It was conceived as a temporary standoff missile for the B-52, to be used until the GAM-87 Skybolt air-launched ballistic missile was available. Instead, the Skybolt was cancelled within a few years and the Hound Dog continued to be deployed for a total of 15 years until its replacement by newer missiles, including the AGM-69 SRAM and then the AGM-86 ALCM.

450th Bombardment Wing
The  450th Bombardment Wing is an inactive United States Air Force (USAF) unit. It was last assigned to the 810th Strategic Aerospace Division of Strategic Air Command at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota. It was inactivated on 25 July 1968.

The wing was constituted as a fighter unit and activated briefly in the 1950s under Tactical Air Command at Foster Air Force Base, Texas, where it replaced a flying training wing.  It was the first USAF combat wing to fly the North American F-100 Super Sabre.

The wing was redesignated as the 450th Bombardment Wing and activated at Minot in 1963, replacing the 4136th Strategic Wing taking over its Boeing B-52 Stratofortresses. It supported SAC combat operations in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War. It was inactivated and replaced by the 5th Bombardment Wing, Heavy, in July 1968.
2016 New Hampshire Wildcats football team
The 2016 New Hampshire Wildcats football team represented the University of New Hampshire in the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by 18th-year head coach Sean McDonnell and played their home games at Wildcat Stadium. They competed as a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA).

The team's stadium went through major renovations during the offseason. Renamed as Wildcat Stadium, the facility hosted its first game under that name on September 10, with the Wildcats defeating Holy Cross.

The Wildcats finished their regular season with a record of 8–5, 6–2 in CAA play, to finish in a tie for second place. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs where they defeated Lehigh in the first round before losing in the second round to James Madison.

2016 James Madison Dukes football team
The 2016 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University during the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by first year head coach Mike Houston and played their home games at Bridgeforth Stadium and Zane Showker Field. They were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA). They finished the season 14–1 overall with an 8–0 mark in CAA play to win the conference title. They received the automatic bid to the FCS playoffs, where they defeated New Hampshire, Sam Houston State, and five-time defending champions North Dakota State to advance to the National Championship Game, where they defeated Youngstown State. This was their first national championship since 2004.
Broadway at the Beach
Broadway at the Beach is a shopping center and entertainment complex located in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. Broadway at the Beach is owned and operated by Burroughs & Chapin. The $250 million attraction is set on 350 acres (1.4 km2) in the heart of Myrtle Beach and features three theaters, over 20 restaurants and over 100 specialty shops as well as attractions, Clubs for the night, and hotels, all surrounding the 23-acre (93,000 m2) Lake Broadway. Broadway at the Beach receives upwards of 14 million visitors annually.

According to placer.ai, Broadway at the Beach is the most visited shopping center in South Carolina.

WonderWorks (museum)
WonderWorks is an entertainment center focused on science exhibits with six locations in the United States. Its buildings are commonly built as if they are upside down.

The experience is considered "edutainment", a combination of education and entertainment.

It contains numerous interactive exhibits through which guests can learn about various phenomena and experience them firsthand.
Mahmud Pasha Angelović
Mahmud Pasha Angelović (Serbian: Махмуд-паша Анђеловић/Mahmud-paša Anđelović; Turkish: Veli Mahmud Paşa; 1420–1474) was a major military leader and the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1456 to 1466 and from 1472 to 1474. He also wrote Persian and Turkish poems under the takhallus (pen name) Adni (the "Eden-like").

Born in the Serbian Despotate, he was a descendant of the Byzantine Angelos family that had left Thessaly in 1394. According to biographers, he was conscripted as a child by the Ottomans employing the devşirme system. Raised as a Muslim in Edirne, he was a capable soldier and was married to a daughter of Zaganos Pasha. After distinguishing himself at the Siege of Belgrade in 1456, he was raised to the position of grand vizier as a reward, succeeding his father-in-law Zaganos Pasha. Throughout his tenure, he led armies or accompanied Mehmed II on his own campaigns.

Alexios Angelos Philanthropenos
Alexios Angelos Philanthropenos (Greek: Ἁλέξιος Ἂγγελος Φιλανθρωπηνός) was a Byzantine Greek nobleman who ruled Thessaly from 1373 until c. 1390 (from c. 1382 as a Byzantine vassal) with the title of Caesar.
Burlingame State Park
Burlingame State Park is a public recreation area located in the town of Charlestown, Rhode Island. The state park's 3,100 acres (1,300 ha) offer camping, hiking, and water activities on Watchaug Pond. The park's campground abuts the Burlingame Management Area and Kimball Wildlife Sanctuary.

Charlestown, Rhode Island
Charlestown, nicknamed C-Town by locals, is a town on the southern coastline of Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. Charlestown is bordered by Westerly to the west, Richmond to the north divided by the Pawcatuck River, and South Kingstown to the east, with the Block Island Sound to the south. Charlestown, similarly to Westerly, Rhode Island, is a tourist destination during the months of May through October for destinations such as the Charlestown Breachway, East Beach, and more.
Banksia ser. Banksia
Banksia ser. Banksia is a
valid botanic name for a series of Banksia. As an autonym, it necessarily contains the type species of Banksia, B. serrata (saw banksia). Within this constraint, however, there have been various circumscriptions.

Banksia subg. Banksia
Banksia subg. Banksia is a valid botanic name for a subgenus of Banksia. As an autonym, it necessarily contains the type species of Banksia, B. serrata (saw banksia). Within this constraint, however, there have been various circumscriptions.
1983–84 Moroccan Throne Cup
The 1983–84 season of the Moroccan Throne Cup was the 28th edition of the competition.

FAR de Rabat won the cup, beating Renaissance de Kénitra 1–0 in the final, played at the stade Mohamed V in Casablanca. FAR de Rabat won the cup for the third time in their history.

Moroccan Throne Cup
The Throne Cup (Arabic: كأس العرش), also referred to as the Moroccan Throne Cup or Moroccan Cup is a knockout football competition in Moroccan football, organized by the Royal Moroccan Football Federation.

The competition was founded in 1956, making it the oldest Moroccan football competition currently played. Throne Cup winners qualify for the following season's CAF Confederation Cup. If the winners are the league winners or qualified for the CAF Champions League through their league position, the CAF Confederation Cup spot is given to the Cup runner-up's.

AS FAR is the most successful club in the competition, having won 12 titles. Olympic Club Safi is the most recent winner, having defeated RS Berkane in the 2025 final.
Aukhs
Aukhs (Chechen: Ӏовхой) are an ethnographic group of Chechens. Aukhs  are currently living in the territories of Novolaksky (former Aukh District), Khasavyurtovsky, Babayurtovsky and Kazbekovsky (Western part of the Aukh) areas of modern central Dagestan, along the rivers Yamansu, Yaryksu, Aktash and Aksai (earlier Eastern Chechnya). They speak the Aukh dialect of the Chechen language.

Aukh dialect
The Aukh dialect (Chechen: Ӏовхойн диалект, romanized: 'Ovkhoyn dialekt, Russian: Ауховский диалект, romanized: Aukhovskiy dialekt) is a dialect of the Chechen language. It is primarily spoken by residents of northern Dagestan, and the estimated number of speakers is about 160,000. It is the native dialect of the Aukh society. Linguist Yuri Koryakov considers Aukh to be on par with Ingush and Chechen in the Vainakh language group.