hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Historic Landmark
A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a building, district, object, site, or structure that is officially recognized by the United States government for its outstanding historical significance. Only some 2,500, or roughly three percent, of over 90,000 places listed on the country's National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) are recognized as National Historic Landmarks.

A National Historic Landmark District may include many contributing properties that are buildings, structures, sites or objects, and it may also include non-contributing properties. Contributing properties may or may not also be separately listed as NHLs or on the NRHP.

National Historic Landmark District
A National Historic Landmark District (NHLD) is a geographical area that has received recognition from the United States Government that the buildings, landscapes, cultural features and archaeological resources within it are of the highest significance and worthy of preservation.
Brandval Church
Brandval Church (Norwegian: Brandval kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Brandval. It is one of the churches for the Brandval parish which is part of the Solør, Vinger og Odal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden, neo-Gothic church was built in a cruciform design in 1651 using plans drawn up by the architect Erich Olsen. The church seats about 330 people.

Brandval (village)
Brandval is a village in Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the river Glomma, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the town of Kongsvinger. The Norwegian National Road 2 and the Solørbanen railway line both run through the village. Brandval Church is located in the village.

The village has a sawmill and some businesses involving wood products and logging.
Levač
Levač (Serbian Cyrillic: Левач) is a historical region in central Serbia.  It is located between Juhor mountain on east and Gledićke planine on west.

The area is around 366 km2. Levač comprises 32 villages and one town called Rekovac:

Bare

Belušić

Beočić

Bogalinac

Brajnovac

Cikot

Dulene

Dobroselica

Dragovo

Kalenić

Kaludra

Kavadar

Komarane

Lepojević

Loćika

Lomnica

Maleševo

Motrić

Nadrlje

Oparić

Prevešt

Rabenovac

Ratković

Rekovac

Sekurič

Sibnica

Siljevica

Šljivica

Tečić

Ursule

Vukmanovac

Velika Kruševica

Županjevac

Lepojević
Lepojević (Serbian Cyrillic: Лепојевић) is a village in Šumadija and Western Serbia (Šumadija), in the municipality of Rekovac (Region of Levač), lying at 43°44′52″N 21°04′13″E﻿ / ﻿43.74778°N 21.07028°E﻿ / 43.74778; 21.07028, at the elevation of 340 m. According to the 2002 census, the village had 362 citizens.
Wadōkaichin
Wadōkaichin (和同開珎), also romanized as Wadō-kaichin or called Wadō-kaihō, is the oldest official Japanese coinage, first mentioned for 29 August 708 on order of Empress Genmei. It was long considered to be the first type of coin produced in Japan. Analyses of several findings of Fuhon-sen (富夲銭) in Asuka have shown that those coins were manufactured from 683.

Japanese currency
Japanese currency has a history covering the period from the 8th century CE to the present. After the traditional usage of rice as a currency medium, Japan adopted currency systems and designs from China before developing a separate system of its own.
Pontaut
Pontaut is a town located in the General Lamadrid Partido in the central region of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina, 57 km south from the administrative seat, General La Madrid. According to the 2010 census, the population was 68 inhabitants, a 24.4 percent drop from the 2001 level of 90 inhabitants. The city of Coronel Pringles is located 35 km directly to the south.

37°44′S 61°20′W﻿ / ﻿37.733°S 61.333°W﻿ / -37.733; -61.333

General La Madrid Partido
General La Madrid is a partido in the central region of Buenos Aires Province in Argentina.

The provincial subdivision has a population of about 11,000 inhabitants in an area of 4,811 km2 (1,858 sq mi), and its capital city is General La Madrid.

The Partido and its capital city are named after General Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid, a general who fought in the Argentine War of Independence. He served with Argentine heroes such as José de San Martín, Manuel Belgrano and José María Paz.
Indian Ink Theatre Company
Indian Ink Theatre Company is a New Zealand theatre company founded by actor Jacob Rajan MNZM (b. 1966) and director/writer Justin Lewis (b. 1967). Founded in 1996, Indian Ink's first theatrical production was Krishnan's Dairy, which went on to win the Chapman Tripp Award for Production of the Year (1997). The following year Krishnan's Dairy presented in the bigger theatre Downstage Theatre and was so popular the season was extended by five shows. Over the years Indian Ink's productions have been toured through New Zealand and overseas with presentations including Krishnan's Dairy, The Candlestick Maker, and The Pickle King. Its most recent production is Dirty Work: An Ode to Joy (2023).

Kiss the Fish (2013) was heavily influenced by Balinese masks and gamelan and Rajan and Lewis had studied in Indonesia. The original title of the play was Monkeys and Men.

New Zealand theatre-maker Murray Edmond has been dramaturg with Indian Ink.

Downstage Theatre
Downstage Theatre was a professional theatre company in Wellington, New Zealand, which ran from 1964 to 2013. For many years it occupied the purpose-built Hannah Playhouse building. Former directors include Sunny Amey, Mervyn Thompson, and Colin McColl.
Beigan
Beigan Township (Chinese: 北竿鄉; pinyin: Běigān Xiāng; Foochow Romanized: Báe̤k-găng-hiŏng), is an insular rural township in Lienchiang County (the Matsu Islands), Taiwan (ROC). The township is in the East China Sea off the coast of Fujian Province, China near Fuzhou (Foochow). Beigan Island, the main island of the township, is the second largest island in the Matsu Islands. Other smaller islands in the township include Daqiu Island, known for its Formosan sika deer, and Gaodeng Island and Liang Island which are off-limits to the public. The native language many of the inhabitants is Matsu dialect which is one of the statutory languages for public transport announcements in the Matsu Islands.

Nangan, Lienchiang
Nangan Township (Chinese: 南竿鄉) is a rural township in the Matsu Islands and the county seat of Lienchiang County, Fuchien Province.

There is an airport in Nangan. The highest point is Yuntai Mountain, at 248 m (814 ft) above sea level.
Exekias
Exekias (Ancient Greek: Ἐξηκίας, Exēkías) was an ancient Greek vase painter and potter who was active in Athens between roughly 545 BC and 530 BC. Exekias worked mainly in the black-figure technique, which involved the painting of scenes using a clay slip that fired to black, with details created through incision. Exekias is regarded by art historians as an artistic visionary whose masterful use of incision and psychologically sensitive compositions mark him as one of the greatest of all Attic vase painters. The Andokides painter and the Lysippides Painter are thought to have been students of Exekias.

Lysippides Painter
The Lysippides Painter was an Attic vase painter in the black-figure style. He was active around 530 to 510 BC. His conventional name comes from a kalos inscription on a vase in the British Museum attributed to him; his real name is not known.
F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead
Frederick Edwin Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead, GCSI, PC, DL (12 July 1872 – 30 September 1930) was a British Conservative politician and barrister who attained high office in the early 20th century, in particular as Attorney-General and post War as  Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. He was a skilled orator, noted for his staunch opposition to Irish nationalism, his wit, pugnacious views, and hard living and drinking. He is perhaps best remembered today as Winston Churchill's greatest personal and political friend until Birkenhead's death aged 58 from pneumonia caused by cirrhosis of the liver.

Alice Wheeldon
Alice Ann Wheeldon (27 January 1866 – 21 February 1919) was a British supporter of universal and women's suffrage and anti-war campaigner. She was convicted in 1917, along with her daughter, Winnie, and son-in-law, Alfred Mason, of conspiracy to murder the Prime Minister, David Lloyd George. Some of the evidence given in the case against them appears to have been fabricated on behalf of "a government eager to disgrace the anti-war movement".
Cry Baby (gum)
Cry Baby is an American  brand of sour bubble gum manufactured by Tootsie Roll Industries. The product was originally named by David Klein who invented the Jelly Belly jelly beans.

Cry Babies, sometimes mistakenly referred to as Tear Jerkers (a separately branded product produced by the Charms Candy Company), began production in 1991. Originally produced by Philadelphia Chewing Gum Corporation in Havertown, Pennsylvania, the candies were later purchased by the present-day manufacturer, Tootsie Roll Industries, in 2004, as part of its Concord Confections acquisition.

Cry Babies are best known for their sour coating, which disappears shortly after the gum is chewed. The product's packaging claims that the gum remains sour for 40 seconds once chewed. The name "Cry Baby" stems from the rumour that the candy is sour enough to cause a person's eyes to water.

They come in the following fruit flavors:

Lemon

Cherry

Green Apple

Blue Raspberry

Orange

Tootsie Roll Industries
Tootsie Roll Industries (/ˈtʊtsi/) is an American manufacturer of confectionery based in Chicago, Illinois. Its best-known products include the namesake Tootsie Rolls and Tootsie Pops. Tootsie Roll Industries currently markets its brands internationally in Canada, Mexico, and over 75 other countries.
Ashish Rajadhyaksha
Ashish Vithal Rajadhyaksha (born 12 March 1957) is an Indian film scholar, art curator and cultural theorist.  He was a Senior Fellow at the Bangalore-based Centre for the Study of Culture and Society.

Paul Willemen
Paul Willemen (17 August 1944 – 13 May 2012) was a Belgian-born British professor, author and essayist. According to the British Film Institute, he was regarded as "a pioneering figure in the revolution in thinking about the cinema that began in the 1970s". His essays and books have dealt with cinema.
Photoredox catalysis
Photoredox catalysis is a branch of photochemistry that uses single-electron transfer. Photoredox catalysts are generally drawn from three classes of materials: transition-metal complexes, organic dyes, and semiconductors. While organic photoredox catalysts were dominant throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, soluble transition-metal complexes are more commonly used today.

Photochemistry
Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 nm), visible (400–750 nm), or infrared radiation (750–2500 nm).

In nature, photochemistry is of immense importance as it is the basis of photosynthesis, vision, and the formation of vitamin D with sunlight. It is also responsible for the appearance of DNA mutations leading to skin cancers.

Photochemical reactions proceed differently than temperature-driven reactions. Photochemical paths access high-energy intermediates that cannot be generated thermally, thereby overcoming large activation barriers in a short period of time, and allowing reactions otherwise inaccessible by thermal processes.  Photochemistry can also be destructive, as illustrated by the photodegradation of plastics.
Fyodor Astakhov
Fyodor Alekseyevich Astakhov (Russian: Фёдор Алексеевич Астахов; 8 February [O.S. 27 January] 1892 – 9 October 1966) was a Soviet Marshal of Aviation.

From the start of the German-Soviet War, he commanded the Air Force of the Soviet Southwestern Front. Then, from May 1942, he was chief of the Main Civil Aviation Directorate and deputy commander of the Air Force of the Red Army. Marshal Astakhov commanded civil aviation and achieved its effective use in the Battles of Stalingrad and Kursk and in other operations. From August 1943 to December 1944, he was commander of Long Range Aviation. From December 1944 to December 1947, he was again chief of the Main Civil Aviation Directorate.

Marshal of the branch
Marshal of the branch (or "marshal of the branch of service"; Russian: Ма́ршал ро́да во́йск, romanized: Marshal roda voysk) was from 1943 to 1974 the designation to a separate rank class in the general officer's rank group of the former Soviet Union's armed forces.

However, at that time, marshal of the branch was also the lowest marshal-rank of the Red Army, and later of the Soviet Army. Marshal of the branch was nominally the equivalent rank level to army general. However, general officers on that particular rank were not authorised, competent and mandated to be appointed to, or to act on the position of commander in chief of a big formation or command.
2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida
The 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida was a period of vote recounting in Florida that occurred during the weeks after Election Day in the 2000 United States presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. The Florida vote was ultimately settled in Bush's favor by a margin of 537 votes out of 5,963,110 cast when the U.S. Supreme Court, in Bush v. Gore, stopped a recount that had been initiated upon a ruling by the Florida Supreme Court. Bush's win in Florida gave him a majority of votes in the Electoral College and victory in the presidential election.

Election recount
An election recount is a repeat tabulation of votes cast in an election that is used to determine the correctness of an initial count. Recounts will often take place if the initial vote tally during an election is extremely close. Election recounts will often result in changes in contest tallies. Errors can be found or introduced from human factors, such as transcription errors, or machine errors, such as misreads of paper ballots.
Marina Domashenko
Marina Domashenko (Russian: Марина Домашенко; born 1979) is a Russian operatic mezzo-soprano.

Domashenko was born into a musical family in the Siberian town Kemerovo. She graduated with honours from the Kemerovo School of Music where she studied piano and conducting, and from the Yekaterinburg Conservatory where she studied opera singing.

48th Annual Grammy Awards
The 48th Annual Grammy Awards took place on February 8, 2006, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California honoring the best in music for the recording year beginning from October 1, 2004, through September 30, 2005. Irish rock band U2 were the main recipients with five awards including Album of the Year. Mariah Carey, John Legend, and Kanye West were each nominated for eight awards and won three; Alison Krauss & Union Station also won three awards; and Kelly Clarkson won two. Green Day were amongst the big winners, winning the Grammy Award for Record of the Year.
Mercamadrid
Mercamadrid is the main wholesale market of fresh products in Spain. Located in Madrid, it is a public enterprise jointly participated by the Ayuntamiento de Madrid and Mercasa, part of the SEPI.

Located in Villa de Vallecas, next to the M-40, in Southeastern Madrid, it covers an area of 2.22 km2. A dry land fish market, it is one of the biggest fish markets in the world. Serving an area of influence within a 500 km radius, it feeds roughly 12 million people. It has more than 9,000 employees operating through more than 800 companies.

It traces its origins back to 1982, when the Central Market of Fish was inaugurated. The Central Market of Fruits and Edible Plants soon followed (1983).

City Council of Madrid
The City Council of Madrid (Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Madrid) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of Madrid, the capital and biggest city of Spain.

The city council is composed by three bodies: the mayor, who leads the city council and the executive branch of it; the governing council (Junta de Gobierno), which is the main body of the executive branch composed by the mayor and the councillors appointed by him; and the Plenary, a democratically elected assembly which represents the people of Madrid. The current mayor of Madrid is José Luis Martínez-Almeida since June 2019.
Dee Murray
David Murray Oates (3 April 1946 – 15 January 1992), known as Dee Murray, was an English bass guitarist. He was best known for his long-time collaboration with Elton John as a member of the Elton John Band.

Jump Up Tour
The Jump Up! Tour was a worldwide concert tour by English musician and composer Elton John, in support of his 16th studio album Jump Up!. The tour included five legs (Australia, Europe, North America, UK and South Africa) and a total of 135 shows.
British première of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9
The British première of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9, also known as his "Choral Symphony", took place in London at the Argyll Rooms on 21 March 1825. The concert was given by the Philharmonic Society, who had commissioned the work.

Argyll Rooms
The Argyll Rooms (sometimes spelled Argyle) was an entertainment venue on Little Argyll Street, Regent Street, London, England, opened in 1806. It was rebuilt in 1818 due to the design of Regent Street. It burned down in 1830, but was rebuilt, but later mainly occupied by shops. It was the home of the Philharmonic Society of London from its inception in 1813 until 1830. Spohr, Moscheles, Liszt and Mendelssohn made their first appearances in England at the rooms.

The Argyll Rooms should not be confused with the Argyle Subscription Rooms, later part of the London Trocadero. These rooms were open as a music hall from 1849 to 1878 and were notorious as a haven for prostitutes.
Haworthia floribunda
Haworthia floribunda is a species of succulent plant in the genus Haworthia native to the Cape Province of South Africa. It grows in rosettes with dark green, lanceolate leaves that curve or twist outward. The leaves may be smooth or, in H. floribunda var. dentata, have small teeth.

Haworthia
Haworthia is a large genus of small succulent plants endemic to Southern Africa 
(Mozambique, Namibia, Lesotho, Eswatini and South Africa).

Like aloes and gasteria they are members of the subfamily Asphodeloideae and they generally resemble miniature aloes, except in their flowers, which are distinctive in appearance. They are popular garden and container plants.

These plants were described by Henri Auguste Duval (1777-1814) in 1809. The genus name is derived from Adrian Hardy Haworth’s (1767-1833) name, a botanist and avid succulent collector.
Grey Abbey, Down
Grey Abbey (Irish: An Mhainistir Liath) is a ruined Cistercian priory in Greyabbey, County Down, Northern Ireland. Currently maintained by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency, it is a monument in state care in the townland of Rosemount, on the eastern edge of the village of Greyabbey in the Ards and North Down local government district.

Greyabbey
Greyabbey or Grey Abbey (Irish: Mainistir Liath, meaning 'grey monastery') is a small village, townland (of 208 acres) and civil parish located on the eastern shores of Strangford Lough, on the Ards Peninsula in County Down, Northern Ireland.

It lies 7 miles (11 km) south of Newtownards. Both townland and civil parish are situated in the historic barony of Ards Lower. It is within the Ards and North Down Borough. It had a population of 939 people in the 2011 Census.

Greyabbey is often associated with the antiques trade, there being several specialist antique shops in the village, as well as some interesting Georgian and Victorian buildings. Of particular note is Mount Stewart Estate (National Trust) as well as a traditional coaching inn.
Mike Harmon Racing
Mike Harmon Racing (formerly CHK Racing, Elite 2 Racing and Richardson-Netzloff-Harmon Racing) is an American professional stock car racing team that fields the No. 74 Chevrolet Camaro SS part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series for Dawson Cram, and the No. 74 Chevrolet Silverado part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series for Nick Anglace.

Mike Harmon initially owned the team with two other co-owners, Donnie Richardson and Eddie Netzloff, in its first two years and the team was known as Richardson-Netzloff-Harmon Racing in 2007 and then Elite 2 Racing in 2008 before Harmon became the sole owner in 2009 and renamed the team Mike Harmon Racing, its name until 2023 after Michael Clayton Sr. and former JD Motorsports co-owner Gary Keller joined the team as co-owners.

Roger Reuse
Roger E. Reuse (born August 9, 1966) is an American professional sports car racing and stock car racing driver. He has raced in the Trans-Am Series, NASCAR Xfinity Series and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.

In Trans-Am, he and his brother Bobby Reuse operate the GT2 team Reuse Brothers Racing.
Points of Invincibility
"Points of Invincibility" (Ukrainian: «Пункт незламності», romanized: "Punkt nezlamnosti") are emergency shelters in Ukraine that provide heat, water, electricity, mobile communication, and other services to residents during wartime blackouts. This project was initiated by the Ukrainian government in November 2022 following massive shelling of critical infrastructure by Russia after Russia's 2022 full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Warming center
A warming center (also a heat bank or warm bank) is a short-term emergency shelter that operates when temperatures or a combination of precipitation, wind chill, wind and temperature become dangerously inclement. Their paramount purpose is the prevention of death and injury from exposure to the elements. This may include acute trauma from falling objects such as trees, or injury to extremities due to frostbite. A more prevalent emergency which warming centers seek to prevent is hypothermia, the risk for which is aggravated by factors such as age, alcohol consumption, and homelessness.
Foreign hostages in Pakistan
This is a list of known foreign hostages in Pakistan.

Foreign nationals have often been abducted by various militant groups who are involved in the current War in North-West Pakistan and are linked to terrorism in Pakistan. Most of these kidnappings have taken place in unstable parts of northwestern Pakistan and the western province of Balochistan, that are plagued by an insurgency. Eastern provinces particularly Sindh, especially the city of Karachi, have also witnessed large numbers of kidnappings due to conflict. Kidnappings are usually done by insurgent or terrorist groups mainly the Pakistani Taliban and Al Qaeda but also various crime syndicates, especially in Karachi.

Giovanni Lo Porto
Giovanni Lo Porto (23 June 1977 – 15 January 2015)  was an Italian aid worker. In January 2012, he was abducted by militants while working in the Pakistani city of Multan, along with a German colleague, Bernd Muehlenbeck. Muehlenbeck was later freed inside Afghanistan. Lo Porto was accidentally killed in one of a series of unmanned aircraft strikes in Waziristan, Pakistan, along with American contractor Warren Weinstein, and American al Qaeda leaders Ahmad Farooq and Adam Gadahn.