hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Cudworth (colonist)
General James Cudworth (English: /ˈdʒeɪmz ˈkʊdɜːrθ/ CUD-erth; c.1612 – 1682) was one of the most important men in Plymouth Colony.  He served as Deputy to the Plymouth General Court (1649), Commander of militia in King Philip's War (1675–8), Assistant Governor (1656–8, 1674–80) and Deputy Governor (1681–2) of Plymouth Colony, and Commissioner to the New England Confederation (four times, 1655–81).

Josiah Winslow
Josiah Winslow (c. 1623 in Plymouth Colony – 1680 in Marshfield, Plymouth Colony) was the 13th Governor of Plymouth Colony. In records of the time, historians also name him Josias Winslow, and modern writers have carried that name forward.  He was born one year after the Charter which founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony, bringing over 20,000 English immigrants to New England in the 1630s. Josiah was the Harvard College-educated son of Mayflower passenger and Pilgrim leader and Governor Edward Winslow and was Governor from 1673 to 1680. The  most significant event during his term in office was King Philip's War, which created great havoc for both the English and Indian populations and changed New England forever. Josiah was the first governor born in a "New England" colony.
Fallujah during the Iraq War
The United States bombardment of Fallujah began in April 2003, one month after the beginning of the invasion of Iraq. In April 2003 United States forces fired on a group of demonstrators who were protesting against the US presence. US forces alleged they were fired at first, whereas residents instead claimed that US forces fired indiscriminately at the crowd without provocation. 17 people were killed and 70 were wounded. In a later incident, US soldiers fired on protesters again; Fallujah's mayor, Taha Bedaiwi al-Alwani, said that two people were killed and 14 wounded. Iraqi insurgents were able to claim the city a year later, before they were ousted by a siege and two assaults by US forces. These events caused widespread destruction and a humanitarian crisis in the city and surrounding areas. As of 2004, the city was largely ruined, with 60% of buildings damaged or destroyed, and the population at 30%–50% of pre-war levels.

First Battle of Fallujah
The First Battle of Fallujah, code-named Operation Vigilant Resolve, was an American-led operation of the Iraq War against militants in Fallujah as well as an attempt to apprehend or kill the perpetrators of the killing of four U.S. contractors in March 2004.

The chief catalyst for the operation was the highly publicized killing and mutilation of four Blackwater USA private military contractors, and the killings of five American soldiers in Habbaniyah a few days earlier.

The battle, and especially the images of Iraqi civilians killed or injured in the fighting, caused many Iraqis to become resentful of the US presence. Western journalists found that even some Iraqis who previously supported the US invasion, and welcomed American state-building efforts, became increasingly alienated and skeptical of such promises.
Liceo Francés Jules Supervielle
Lycée Français Jules Supervielle (Spanish: Liceo Francés Jules Supervielle) is a French private school. It is located at Benigno Paiva 1160, in Buceo, Montevideo, Uruguay.

It was originally established in 1897 with the name of Collège Carnot. In September 2001 it was renamed after the French-Uruguayan writer Jules Supervielle. The French government owned the land which houses the school, while the nonprofit organization Sociedad Francesa de Enseñanza (SFE, French: Société Française d'Enseignement de Montevideo) operates the school.

Buceo
Buceo is a barrio (neighbourhood or district) in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Buceo borders Pocitos and Villa Dolores to the west, Parque Batlle, Unión and Malvín Norte to the north, Malvín to the east and the coastline to the south.
1958 Utah Utes football team
The 1958 Utah Utes football team, or also commonly known as the Utah Redskins, was an American football team that represented the University of Utah as a member of the Skyline Conference during the 1958 college football season. In their first season under head coach Ray Nagel, the Utes compiled an overall record of 4–7 with a mark of 3–3 against conference opponents, placing fifth in the Skyline. Home games were played on campus at Ute Stadium in Salt Lake City. The Skyline Conference champions were led on the field by senior quarterback Lee Grosscup and junior safety and halfback Larry Wilson, a future member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

Lee Grosscup
Clyde Lee Edward Grosscup (December 27, 1936 – June 1, 2020) was an American professional football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Washington Huskies and the Utah Redskins and was selected by the New York Giants in the first round of the 1959 NFL draft.

He later became a sportscaster.
Jennifer Saunders (racquetball)
Jennifer "Jen" Saunders (born November 18, 1976) is a Canadian retired racquetball player from Winnipeg, Manitoba. In her last Canadian Championships in 2019, Saunders won both Women's Singles, for a record extending 11th time, and Women's Doubles, for a 13th time. Her 11 Canadian Women's Singles Championships and 24 combined Canadian Women's Singles and Doubles Championships are Canadian women's records. Saunders was the 2009 Manitoba Female Athlete of the Year as voted by the Manitoba Sportswriters and Sportscasters Association. Saunders announced her retirement from competition in December 2019, as she accepted the position of Administrator of High Performance and Sport Development with Racquetball Canada. In July 2020, Saunders was named as one of the 2020 inductees into the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame.

Laura Fenton
Laura Fenton (born June 28, 1962) is an American racquetball player. She won two World Championships in doubles, and finished in the top 10 on the Women's Professional Racquetball Organization rankings seven times in her career.
Matthew King (composer, born 1967)
Matthew King (born 1967) is a British composer, pianist, and educator. His works include opera, piano and chamber music, and choral and orchestral pieces. He has been described by Judith Weir, Master of the Queen’s Music, as “one of Britain's most adventurous composers, utterly skilled, imaginative, and resourceful." Matthew King has a YouTube channel called 'The Music Professor'.

Robert Schumann in Three Pieces
Robert Schumann in Three Pieces is the collective title given to three works, composed for the Avenue A ensemble by the British composer, Matthew King. Together, they constitute a musical portrait of the German Romantic composer, Robert Schumann. The first piece, entitled Ash on the Ground is a passacaglia in which various compositions by Schumann are quoted; the second piece, entitled Love in a Life has a soprano soloist, and is a miniature song cycle to texts by Robert Schumann himself, along with poems by Robert Browning and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. It has been described, by one critic, as "rich and sumptuous, with some spine-tingling moments"  the third piece, entitled Night Phantoms and Rocking Horses is a rapid musical survey of Schumann's piano music at a furious galloping tempo. The work ends with fragments of celeste and percussion sounding like a wound-down music box.

Robert Schumann in Three Pieces has been recorded by the Avenue A ensemble on the Weave Records label.
Prata Camportaccio
Prata Camportaccio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) north of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,758 and an area of 27.9 square kilometres (10.8 sq mi).

Prata Camportaccio borders the following municipalities: Chiavenna, Gordona, Mese, Novate Mezzola, Piuro, Samolaco.

Samolaco
Samolaco (Lombard: Samolegh or Samolagh) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of the regional capital Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2005, it had a population of 2,913 and an area of 44.5 square kilometres (17.2 sq mi).

The territory of the comune, mostly mountainous, includes of a number of small centres of population, notably Casenda, Era, Giumello, San Pietro and Somaggia. All of these lie in the valley known as the Piano di Chiavenna, just to the north of the small lake Lago di Mezzola, which itself lies to the north of Lake Como. There is no centre called Samolaco, although the community centre, a grocery store, a bank, two bars, a farm supply store and an artisan honey producer lie in the Samolaco area.

Samolaco borders the following municipalities: Gordona, Livo, Montemezzo, Novate Mezzola, Prata Camportaccio, Sorico, Vercana.
Continuous integration
Continuous integration (CI) is the practice of integrating source code changes frequently and ensuring that the integrated codebase is in a workable state. Typically, developers merge changes to an integration branch, and an automated system builds and tests the software system. 
Often, the automated process runs on each commit or runs on a schedule such as once a day. Grady Booch first proposed the term CI in 1991, although he did not advocate integrating multiple times a day, but later, CI came to include that aspect.

Build automation
Build automation is the practice of building software systems in a relatively unattended fashion. The build is configured to run with minimized or no software developer interaction and without using a developer's personal computer. Build automation encompasses the act of configuring the build system as well as the resulting system itself.

Build automation encompasses both sequencing build operations via non-interactive interface tools and running builds on a shared server.
Cardinal and Theological Virtues (Raphael)
The Cardinal and Theological Virtues is a lunette fresco by Raphael found on the south wall of the Stanza della Segnatura in the Apostolic Palace of the Vatican. Three of the cardinal virtues are personified as statuesque women seated in a bucolic landscape, and the theological virtues are depicted by putti.

The fresco was part of Raphael's commission to decorate the private apartments of Pope Julius II. These rooms are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello.

After completing his three monumental frescoes Disputation of the Holy Sacrament, The Parnassus, and The School of Athens in the Stanza della Segnatura, in 1511 Raphael painted the Cardinal and Theological Virtues.

Cardinal virtues
The cardinal virtues are four virtues of mind and character in classical philosophy. They are prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. They form a virtue theory of ethics. The term cardinal comes from the Latin cardo (hinge); these four virtues are called "cardinal" because all other virtues fall under them and hinge upon them.

These virtues derive initially from Plato in Republic Book IV, 426-435. Aristotle expounded them systematically in the Nicomachean Ethics. They were also recognized by the Stoics and Cicero expanded on them. In the Christian tradition, they are also listed in the Deuterocanonical books in Wisdom 8:7 and 4 Maccabees 1:18–19, and the Doctors Ambrose, Augustine, and Aquinas expounded their supernatural counterparts, the three theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity.
Yarmouth Stone
The Yarmouth Stone, also known as the Yarmouth Runic Stone or the Fletcher Stone, is a slab of quartzite that first came to the attention of the public in the early 19th century. The stone appears to have an inscription carved into it which investigators have interpreted as Norse runes, Japanese, Basque, or early Greek. This has led to speculation that the Yarmouth, Nova Scotia area, in Canada, was visited by Viking explorers sometime around 1000 C.E. Many other theories have been put forward, including the possibility of a hoax or the inscription being a product of natural forces. The stone is currently on display at the Yarmouth County Museum.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
Hato Rey Sur
Hato Rey Sur is one of the 18 barrios of the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is one of three barrios commonly known together as Hato Rey. Hato Rey Sur was a barrio of the former municipality of Rio Piedras, before it was merged with the municipality of San Juan in 1951. Following the annexation of Rio Piedras, the city of San Juan, and its surrounding area now including Rio Piedras, quadrupled its former size.

Barrios of San Juan, Puerto Rico
The municipality of San Juan, the capital of the archipelago and island of Puerto Rico, is divided into 18 barrios, 16 of which were acquired after merging with the former municipality of Río Piedras in 1951. Eight of the barrios are further divided into subbarrios or districts, including the two barrios that originally comprised the San Juan municipality, namely San Juan Antiguo and Santurce.
John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset
John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, 3rd Earl of Somerset (25 March 1404 – 27 May 1444) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. He was a paternal first cousin of King Henry V and the maternal grandfather of Henry VII.

John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury
John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, 1st Earl of Waterford, 7th Baron Talbot, KG (c. 1387 – 17 July 1453), known as "Old Talbot" and "Terror of the French" was an English nobleman and a noted military commander during the Hundred Years' War. He was the most renowned in England and most feared in France of the English captains in the last stages of the conflict. Known as a tough, cruel, and quarrelsome man, Talbot distinguished himself militarily in a time of decline for the English. Called "the English Achilles", he is lavishly praised in the plays of Shakespeare. The manner of his death, leading an ill-advised charge against field artillery, has come to symbolize the passing of the age of chivalry. He also held the subsidiary titles of 10th Baron Strange of Blackmere and 6th Baron Furnivall.
Vénissieux station
Vénissieux station (French: Gare de Vénissieux) is a railway station in the town Vénissieux, a suburb of Lyon, Lyon Metropolis, France. Opened on 1 July 1858, it is served by the SNCF's TER Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.

The station is served by regional trains to Lyon, Bourgoin-Jallieu and Saint-André-le-Gaz.

Lyon Metro Line D
Line D (Ligne D) is a rapid-transit line on the Lyon Metro. It runs east–west underneath the two major rivers of Lyon, France, connecting Vieux Lyon with the Presqu'ile and the Part-Dieu region. Line D commenced operation under human control on 4 September 1991, between Gorge de Loup and Grange Blanche. It was extended from Grange Blanche to Gare de Vénissieux on 11 December 1992, when it switched to automatic (driverless) operation, also known as MAGGALY (Métro Automatique à Grand Gabarit de l’Agglomération Lyonnaise). On 28 April 1997, the line was extended from Gorge de Loup to Gare de Vaise.

Being the deepest of the lines in Lyon, it was constructed mainly using boring machines and passes under both rivers, the Rhône and the Saône. At 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) long and serving 15 stations, it is also the longest metro line in Lyon.
Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.

Shire of Goomalling
The Shire of Goomalling is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, about 132 kilometres (82 mi) northeast of Perth, the state capital. The Shire covers an area of 2,836 square kilometres (1,095 sq mi) and its seat of government is the town of Goomalling.
International Summer University Kassel
The International Summer University is a short-term program that is held during the summer season by the University of Kassel every year. In addition to the international master programs, University Kassel organizes the ISU as one of its internationalization strategies.

The program of the ISU is designed for university students as well as researchers and professionals who want to learn more about German and European perspectives in Environmental Sciences and German Language & Culture. Environmental science has been one of the strengths of Uni Kassel since its foundation in 1971. During the winter season the University Kassel offers the International Winter University (IWU) Kassel. The theme "sustainability" covers not only the academic content of the ISU/IWU, but also the program design which encourages continuous learning within and outside classrooms.

University of Kassel
The University of Kassel (German: Universität Kassel) is a university founded in 1971 located in Kassel, Hessen, in central Germany. As of February 2022 it had about 25,000 students and about 3300 staff, including more than 300 professors.

A special unit (Studienkolleg) prepares international students for their period of study (language and academic skills). International students come from over 115 countries.

Each academic year, more than 100 visiting scholars pursue research projects in cooperation with colleagues from the University of Kassel, making a valuable contribution to the academic and cultural life. The newly established International House is located on the campus. It offers hostels for international guests and is available for meetings, conferences, and cultural events.
Boddington, Northamptonshire
Boddington is a civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Banbury off the A361 road.

The parish includes the villages of Upper Boddington and Lower Boddington. Upper Boddington is the larger of the two, on a hill close to the boundary between Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire and Warwickshire, with Lower Boddington on the southern slope of the hill. Nearby Boddington Reservoir is used for sailing and recreational fishing.

West Northamptonshire
West Northamptonshire is one of two unitary authority areas in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. It contains the county town of Northampton, as well as the towns of Daventry, Brackley and Towcester, and the large villages of Brixworth and Long Buckby; the rest of the area is predominantly agricultural villages though it has many lakes and small woodlands.

West Northamptonshire was created in 2021 as part of local government restructuring from the previous non-metropolitan districts of Northampton, Daventry and South Northamptonshire.

The West Coast Main Line and the M1 and M40 motorways pass through the district, and it includes the site of the Roman town of Bannaventa and the grade I listed Althorp House and its estate.
Mesa County, Colorado
Mesa County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 155,703, making Mesa County the most populous county in western Colorado, and 11th most populous in the state. The county seat and most populous municipality is Grand Junction. The county was named for the many large mesas in the area, including the Grand Mesa, which is the largest flat-topped mountain in the world.

Mesa County comprises the Grand Junction, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2020, it ranked as the 271st most populous metropolitan area in the United States. It is the only metropolitan area in Colorado not located on the Front Range.

Colorado State Highway 340
State Highway 340 (SH 340) is a 13.341 mi (21.470 km) long state highway in the U.S. state of Colorado. The highway's western end is at U.S. Route 6 (US 6) and US 50 in Fruita, and the eastern end is at the junction of US 50 and I-70 Business (I-70 Bus.) in Grand Junction. This highway is mainly used by the residents of Grand Junction's suburb Redlands.
Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 1980 Women's Olympic Volleyball Tournament  was the 5th edition of the event, organized by the world's governing body, the FIVB in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Moscow, Soviet Union from 21 to 29 July 1980.

Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Volleyball at the 1980 Summer Olympics was represented by two events. It was held at the Minor Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium and at the Druzhba (Friendship) Multi-Purpose Arena of the Central Lenin Stadium, both located at Luzhniki (south-western part of Moscow). The schedule started on July 20 and ended on August 1.
Rungwe District
Rungwe is a district in Mbeya Region, Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by Mbeya Rural District, to the east by Njombe Region, to the southeast by Kyela District, to the southwest by Ileje District, and to the west by Mbeya District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Rungwe District was 273,536.

The District Commissioner of Rungwe from 26 June 2016 to 19 June 2021 was Julius Chalya. Vicent Naano Anney was then appointed to the post by President Samia Suluhu Hassan on 19 June 2021. He had previously served as Musoma District Commissioner from 26 June 2016 to 19 June 2021.

Kyela District
Kyela is one of the seven districts of Mbeya Region, Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by Rungwe District, to the northeast by Njombe Region, to the southeast by Lake Nyasa, to the south by Malawi and to the west by Ileje District.

In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 244,108 people in the district, from 221,490 in 2012.: 96 : 114

The District Commissioner of the Kyela District is Katule G. Kingamkono.
Ticao Island
Ticao Island is an island with a total land area of 334 km2 or 129 sq mi. It is one of the three major islands of Masbate province in the Philippines. It is separated from the Bicol Peninsula by the Ticao Pass. The other two major islands are Masbate Island (3,290 km2 or 1,270 sq mi) and Burias Island (424 km2 or 164 sq mi).

The island is divided into the municipalities of Batuan, Monreal, San Fernando and its mother-town, San Jacinto.

San Miguel Island is located "just off the northern tip" of Ticao Island.

Burias (island)
Burias Island is one of the three major islands of Masbate province in the Philippines. It is separated from the Bicol Peninsula by the Burias Pass. The other two major islands are Ticao Island and Masbate Island. The island has two municipalities, Claveria and San Pascual.
William David Wright
William David Wright (1906–1997) was an English physicist who specialised in colour vision. He was known for his contribution to measuring the colours of the spectrum by adding different beams of red, green and blue lights together. He also was the first person to discover tritanopia. This study together with the similar study conducted by John Guild forms the basis of the international standard for colour measurement. The method is still in universal use today.

John Guild
John Guild (1889–1979) was a British physicist specialized in optics, later transferred his focus on other studies. Guild worked at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) at Teddington in England. He was essential to the creation of the Colour Group in the United Kingdom. Later, he became the second chairman of the group from 1943 to 1945, and one of the first honorary members in 1966.