hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas Feith
Douglas Jay Feith (/ˈfaɪθ/; born July 16, 1953) is an American lawyer who served as Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from July 2001 until August 2005. He is a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute, a conservative think tank.

Feith has been described as an architect of the Iraq War. In the lead up to the war, he played a key role in promoting the false claim that the Saddam Hussein regime had an operational relationship with al-Qaeda (even though there was scant credible evidence of such a relationship at the time). A  Pentagon Inspector General report found that Feith's office had "developed, produced, and then disseminated alternative intelligence assessments on the Iraq and al Qaida relationship, which included some conclusions that were inconsistent with the consensus of the  Intelligence Community, to senior decision-makers."

War and Decision
War and Decision: Inside the Pentagon at the Dawn of the War on Terrorism is a memoir written by Douglas Feith, former Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, in which he presents a history of the beginning of the war on terrorism and the campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.  The book was released on April 8, 2008.  In addition to its narrative, which largely details the period from summer 2001 until June 2004, the book contains a 30-page appendix with facsimiles of United States government memos and other documents from the period.

CBS' 60 Minutes interviewed Feith about the book on April 6. Feith is "donating all his proceeds to a foundation he has created to benefit veterans and their families."
Elgyay
Elgyay (Russian: Эльгяй, Yakut: Элгээйи, romanized: Elgeeyi) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Bordon 3-y, in Elgyaysky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 50 kilometers (31 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 2,200.

Bordon 3-y
Bordon 3-y (Russian: Бордон 3-й; Yakut: Үһүс Бордоҥ, Ühüs Bordoŋ) is a rural locality (a selo), one of two settlements, in addition to Elgyay, the administrative centre of the Rural Okrug, in Elgyaysky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district and 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Elgyay. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 4.
West Coast Railways
West Coast Railways (WCR) is a railway spot-hire company and charter train operator based at Carnforth MPD in Lancashire. Using buildings and other facilities previously owned by the Steamtown Carnforth visitor attraction, in June 1998 the company became the first privately owned company to be given a licence as a train operating company.

Belmond Royal Scotsman
The Belmond Royal Scotsman is a Scottish overnight luxury train, started in 1985 by GS&WR (Great Scottish and Western Railway Co.), and run since 2005 by Belmond Ltd. Its itineraries include 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 7-night journeys around the Scottish Highlands, visiting castles, distilleries and historic sites. Once each year, it also makes a 7-night journey around the whole of Great Britain.
Yengibarov
Yengibarov or Engibarov is an Armenian surname, variant of Yengibaryan modified to fit the Slavic-language formation of patronymic surnames.

Engibar Engibarov,  Bulgarian footballer

Leonid Yengibarov, Soviet clown

Yengibaryan
Yengibaryan or Engibaryan is an Armenian patronymic surname literally meaning "son of Yengibar". Notable people with the surname include:

Amik Yengibaryan (1901—1948), Soviet aviation designer

Gurgen Engibaryan, Lebanese footballer of Armenian descent

Vladimir Yengibaryan (1932—2013), Soviet boxer
Christmas tree (drag racing)
Modern drag races are started electronically by a system known as a Christmas tree. A common Christmas tree consists of a column of seven lights for each driver or lane. Each side of the column of lights is the same.  The current design of the Christmas Tree used an NHRA national event, which was first used in April 2011, consists, from the top down, of a blue LED light set (top and bottom halves), then three amber bulbs, then a green bulb and a red bulb. At other events, and NHRA national events prior to 2011, the function of the blue light set was performed by four smaller amber bulbs.

The lights are activated after the drivers are properly staged on the starting line by interrupting a set of two light beams across the track itself. One set is on the starting line, and the other set sits 7 in (180 mm) behind it.

Drag racing
Drag racing is a type of motor racing in which automobiles or motorcycles compete, usually two at a time, to be first to cross a set finish line. The race follows a short, straight course from a standing start over a measured distance, most commonly 1⁄4 mi (1,320 ft; 402 m), with a shorter, 1,000 ft (0.19 mi; 304.80 m) distance becoming increasingly popular, as it has become the standard for Top Fuel dragsters and Funny Cars, where some major bracket races and other sanctioning bodies have adopted it as the standard. The 1⁄8 mi (660 ft; 201 m) is also popular in some circles. Electronic timing and speed sensing systems have been used to record race results since the 1960s.

The history of automobiles and motorcycles being used for drag racing is nearly as long as the history of motorized vehicles themselves, and has taken the form of both illegal street racing and as a regulated motorsport.
Foday
Guangdong Foday Automobile Co., Ltd., trading as Foday, is an automotive manufacturing company based in Guangdong, China. With roots going back to 1988, it used to be known as Nanhai Automobile. Its principal products are vehicles, primarily pick-up trucks and SUVs, automotive parts and stampings. Its products have been sold in various countries under the Fudi and Foday brands.

Foday Explorer
The Foday Explorer is a series of compact and midsize SUVs manufactured since 2002 by Foday. The Explorer SUV series was developed based on the platform of the Mitsubishi Pajero  with designs heavily inspired by the first and second-generation Isuzu D-Max and Chevrolet Colorado. Due to Foday Explorer's business in automotive parts and stampings, the vehicle bodies of the Foday Explorer were also sold to several manufacturers as rebadged pickups and SUVs.
Duncan House, Castlecrag
Duncan House is a heritage-listed residence located at 8 The Barbette, Castlecrag, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney, Australia. It was designed by Walter Burley Griffin. It is also known as Duncan House Number 2. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Castlecrag
Castlecrag is a harbourside suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 8 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Willoughby.

Castlecrag is a suburb of historical significance that is bounded to the north, east and south by Middle Harbour and to the west by Eastern Valley Way. Castlecrag shares its postcode, 2068, with the surrounding suburbs of Willoughby, Middle Cove and North Willoughby.
Bananatype
Bananatype is the second extended play by the Philippine alternative rock band Eraserheads, released on June 15, 1997, through BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc. It serves as promotional material for the band's fifth album Sticker Happy, which was released three months later.

Sticker Happy
Sticker Happy is the fifth studio album by the Philippine alternative rock band Eraserheads, released on September 11, 1997, by BMG Records (Pilipinas) Inc.

The album saw the band experimenting with techno and experimental rock genres, incorporating a wide range of instruments and guitar effects. Vocalist Ely Buendia wrote cryptic lyrics in songs such as “Kaliwete”, “Spoliarium”, and “Para sa Masa”.
Philip, Duke of Orléans
Philip of Orléans (1 July 1336 – 1 September 1375) was a Duke of Orléans, Touraine, and Count of Valois, the fifth son of King Philip VI of France and Joan the Lame.

His father named him Duke of Orléans, a newly created duchy, in 1344. Shortly before that, in 1343, Philip's father (king Philip VI) initiated negotiations with the dauphin Humbert II of Viennois, regarding the future inheritance of the Dauphiné, a vast feudal polity within the Kingdom of Burgundy (Arles), then under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire. Since Humbert had no heirs, it was initially agreed that all of his feudal domains will pass to young Philip, but already in 1344, those provisions were changed by the new agreement, designating Philip's older brother John as Humbert's heir in the Dauphiné, while Philip was compensated with other domains.

Counts and dukes of Valois
The Valois (UK: /ˈvælwɑː/ VAL-wah, also US: /vælˈwɑː, vɑːlˈwɑː/ va(h)l-WAH, French: [valwa]; originally Pagus Valensis) was a region in the valley of the Oise river in Picardy in the north of France. It was a fief in West Francia and subsequently the Kingdom of France until its counts furnished a line of kings, the House of Valois, to succeed the House of Capet in 1328. It was, along with the counties of Beauvais, the Vexin, Vermandois, and Laon, part of the "Oise line" of fiefdoms which were held often by one individual or an individual family as a string of defences against Viking assault on Paris.

The medieval county and duchy of Valois was located in northern France. It was included in the northeastern part of the government of Île-de-France, while being part of the province of Picardy. Its capital was Crépy-en-Valois.
Grishma
Grishma (Sanskrit: ग्रीष्म, romanized: Grīṣhma) the Sanskrit word meaning summer. This is one of the six seasons (ritu), each lasting two months, the others being: Vasanta (spring), Varsha (monsoon), Sharada (autumn), Hemanta (pre-winter), and Shishira (winter).

It falls in the two months of Jyeshtha and Ashadha of the Hindu calendar, or April and May of the Gregorian calendar. It is preceded by Vasanta, the spring season, and followed by Varsha, the rainy season.

Varsha (season)
Varsha (Sanskrit: वर्षा, romanized: Varṣā) is the season of monsoon in the Hindu calendar. It is one of the six seasons (ritu), each lasting two months, the others being Vasanta (spring), Grishma (summer), Sharada (autumn), Hemanta (pre-winter), and Shishira (winter).

It falls in the two months of Shravana and Bhadrapada of the Hindu calendar, or July and August of the Gregorian calendar. It is preceded by Grishma, the summer season, and followed by Sharada, the autumn season.

In addition to the season, the word Varsha can also be used for rain or rainfall.  In Urdu, Varsha (rainfall) is referred to as Baarish.
Peach Mountain Observatory
The Peach Mountain Observatory (PMO) is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Michigan (UM). It is located near the village of Dexter, Michigan (USA), about 20 kilometers (12 miles) northwest of Ann Arbor.  It was opened in 1955, and is used for research, instruction, and amateur observing.

Other observatories that UM has operated include the Detroit Observatory (Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1854), the Angell Hall Observatory (Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1927), the Lamont–Hussey Observatory (South Africa, 1928), the McMath–Hulbert Observatory (Lake Angelus, Michigan, 1930), and the Portage Lake Observatory (Dexter, Michigan, 1948).

Lamont–Hussey Observatory
The Lamont–Hussey Observatory (LHO) was an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Michigan (UM). It was located in the city of Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa. Construction at the site began in 1927, and the facility was closed in 1972.

Other observatories that UM has operated include the Detroit Observatory (Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1854), the Angell Hall Observatory (Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1927), the McMath–Hulbert Observatory (Lake Angelus, Michigan, 1930), the Portage Lake Observatory (Dexter, Michigan, 1948), and the Peach Mountain Observatory (Dexter, Michigan, 1955).
Ebert-Dulany House
Ebert-Dulany House is a historic home located at Hannibal, Marion County, Missouri.  It was built about 1865, and is a two-story, Second Empire style brick dwelling. It has a mansard roof and sits on a rock-faced ashlar foundation.  It features a large bracketed hood above once sheltered a balcony and a wide bracketed frieze that runs below the modillioned cornice.  The house was restored in the late-1980s.: 2

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.  It is located in the Maple Avenue Historic District.

Maple Avenue Historic District (Hannibal, Missouri)
Maple Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Hannibal, Marion County, Missouri.   The district encompasses 148 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Hannibal. It developed between about 1850 and 1950, and includes representative examples of Federal, Italianate, Late Victorian, Colonial Revival, and Bungalow / American Craftsman architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed Ebert-Dulany House, Rockcliffe Mansion, and Eighth and Center Streets Baptist Church. Other notable buildings include Central School by William B. Ittner, Pilgrim Congregational Church, McKnight House, Cliffside, Hogg House, the McVeigh House, the Mclntyre House, the Settles House, and the Clayton House.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
Battle of Bornhöved (1227)
The (second) Battle of Bornhöved took place on 22 July 1227 near Bornhöved in Holstein. Count Adolf IV of Schauenburg and Holstein — leading an army consisting of troops from the cities of Lübeck and Hamburg, Dithmarschen, Holstein, and various Northern German nobles, defeated King Valdemar II of Denmark and the Welf Otto the Child.

Valdemar II of Denmark
Valdemar II Valdemarsen (28 June 1170 – 28 March 1241), later remembered as Valdemar the Victorious (Danish: Valdemar Sejr) and Valdemar the Conqueror, was King of Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241.

In 1207, Valdemar invaded and conquered Lybeck and Holstein, expanding the Danish territories. His involvement in the Norwegian succession led to the second Bagler War, temporarily settling the issue and making the Norwegian king owe allegiance to Denmark. He faced disputes with the papacy over the appointment of the Prince-Archbishop of Bremen and the Bishop of Schleswig. Valdemar's military campaigns included conflicts in northern Germany and the establishment of Danish rule in Estonia in 1219. His reign saw the adoption of a feudal system in Denmark and the creation of the Code of Jutland, which served as Denmark's legal code until 1683.
Coenogonium atherospermatis
Coenogonium atherospermatis is a species of lichen in the family Coenogoniaceae. Found in Tasmania, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by lichenologists Gintaras Kantvilas, Eimy Rivas Plata, and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author near Little Fisher River at an altitude of 820 m (2,690 ft), where it was found in a cool temperate rainforest growing on Atherosperma moschatum. It is locally abundant at this location, where it usually occurs at elevations of more than about 500 m (1,600 ft). The species epithet refers to the genus of the preferred host tree.  Within Tasmanian rainforest vegetation, Atherosperma is known for harbouring "a distinctive suite of lichens", including C. atherospermatis.

Coenogonium
Coenogonium is a genus of filamentous lichens in the monotypic family Coenogoniaceae. It has about 90 species. Most species are leaf-dwelling or grow on bark, although a few are known to grow on rocks under certain conditions, and some are restricted to growth on termite nests. The genus was circumscribed in 1820 by German naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg.

Coenogonium has a worldwide distribution, with most species known from tropical areas. Most species grow in tropical rainforests in the shaded understorey. They typically grow on tree trunks, branches, lianas, and leaves.
Ferrari 250
The Ferrari 250 is a series of sports cars and grand tourers built by Ferrari from 1952 to 1964. The company's most successful early line, the 250 series includes many variants designed for road use or sports car racing. 250 series cars are characterised by their use of a 3.0 L (2,953 cc) Colombo V12 engine designed by Gioacchino Colombo. The 250 series designation refers to this engine's cylinder displacement of approximately 250 cc. They were replaced by the 275 and 330 series cars.

Vignale
Vignale is the luxury car sub-brand of Ford Motor Company used in automobiles sold in Europe. The former company Carrozzeria Alfredo Vignale was an Italian automobile coachbuilder established in 1948 at Via Cigliano, Turin, by Alfredo Vignale (1913–1969). After its founder's death in 1969, Carrozzeria Vignale was acquired by De Tomaso (founded by Argentine businessman and race driver Alejandro de Tomaso). The studio ceased operation in 1973, but ownership of the name was taken over by Ford Motor Company (which had majority ownership of De Tomaso).

Since then, Ford has continued to use the name sporadically to the present day. Up to present days, Ford of Europe released Vignale versions of models Mondeo, Edge, Fiesta, Focus, and Kuga, among others.
Kheda Satyagraha of 1918
The Kheda Satyagraha of 1918 was a satyagraha movement in the Kheda district of Gujarat in India organised by Mahatma Gandhi during the period of the British Raj. It was a major revolt in the Indian independence movement. It was the second Satyagraha movement, which was launched 7 days after the Ahmedabad mill strike. After the successful Satyagraha conducted at Champaran in Bihar, Gandhi organised the movement to support peasants who were unable to pay the revenue because of famine and plague epidemic.

Kheda district
Kheda district, known as Kaira district during British rule, is one of the thirty-three districts of Gujarat state in western India. It is part of the region known as Charotar, consisting of Kheda and Anand districts. Kheda was an administrative capital during British rule. Nadiad is now the administrative headquarters of the district.
Campiglia Marittima
Campiglia Marittima is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Livorno in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Livorno. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Its toponym has been attested for the first time in 1004 as Campiglia and derives from the Latin campus ("field"). In 1862 the word marittima (from Latin Maritima) was added to underline its belonging to the Maremma, the area washed by Tyrrhenian Sea.

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Ike Hoover
Irwin Hood "Ike" Hoover (October 24, 1871 – September 14, 1933) served as the White House Chief Usher from 1904 to 1933, his death.  He served in the White House for 42 years and as Usher for 29 years, and both records remain unbroken as of 2025.

White House Chief Usher
The White House chief usher is the head of household staff and operations at the White House, the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States. The position is currently held by Robert B. Downing.
Okaihau Branch
The Okaihau Branch, sometimes known as the Kaikohe Branch and rarely the Rangiahua Branch, was a branch line railway that joined the North Auckland Line of the national rail network of New Zealand at Otiria. It was the most northerly line in New Zealand and was intended to run all the way to Kaitaia. It opened to Ōkaihau in 1923 and closed in 1987.

Kaitaia
Kaitaia (Māori: Kaitāia) is a town in the Far North District of New Zealand, at the base of the Aupōuri Peninsula, about 160 km northwest of Whangārei. It is the last major settlement on State Highway 1. Ahipara Bay, the southern end of Te Oneroa-a-Tōhē / Ninety Mile Beach, is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west.

The main industries are forestry and tourism. The population is 6,170 as of June 2025, which makes it the second-largest town in the Far North District, after Kerikeri.

The name Kaitāia means 'ample food', kai being the Māori word for food.

The Muriwhenua are a group of six northern Māori iwi occupying the northernmost part of the North Island surrounding Kaitaia.
Bryce Jordan Center
The Bryce Jordan Center is a 15,261-seat multi-purpose arena in College Township, Pennsylvania, on the University Park campus of the Pennsylvania State University. The arena opened on January 6, 1996, and is the largest such indoor venue in Pennsylvania outside of those in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. The arena replaced Rec Hall as the home to the Nittany Lions men's and women's basketball and the Pride of the Lions Pep Band and its student section, known as Legion of Blue. The arena also periodically hosts concerts, circuses, and commencement ceremonies for the university.

The arena is named after Bryce Jordan, Penn State University's president from 1983 until 1990 who was instrumental in acquiring funding needed to build it. The arena is associated with the Arena Network, a marketing and scheduling group of 38 arenas.

Penn State Lady Lions basketball
The Penn State Lady Lions basketball team represents Pennsylvania State University and plays its home games in the Bryce Jordan Center. In 2013, the Lady Lions became just the 12th program in NCAA Division I history to reach 850 wins. Penn State has won 8 regular season Big Ten titles and the first 2 Big Ten tournament titles in 1995 and 1996. Prior to joining the Big Ten, the Lady Lions competed in the Atlantic 10 conference. The Lady Lions have 25 NCAA tournament appearances as of 2014, the most in the Big Ten. The team's best post-season finish came in 2000 when the Lady Lions reached the Final Four before losing to eventual champion UConn. The Lady Lions captured the WNIT title in 1998 defeating Baylor 59–56 in Waco, Texas. Notable alumni include WBCA First Team All-Americans Suzie McConnell, Susan Robinson, Helen Darling, and Kelly Mazzante. ESPN correspondent Lisa Salters is the shortest player in Lady Lions history at 5'-2".
Rix Robinson
Eduardo Rix Robinson (August 28, 1789 – January 12, 1875) was an American fur trader and politician. He was the first permanent Euro-American settler of Kent County, Michigan, a representative to the state constitutional convention of 1850 and a state senator.

Ada Township, Michigan
Ada Township (/ˈeɪdə/ AY-də) is a civil township of Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  Its population was 14,388 at the 2020 census.

The majority of the township is included in the Forest Hills census-designated place, which is used only for statistical purposes.  Ada Township is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is about 3.0 miles (4.8 km) east of the city of Grand Rapids.  The township is the corporate home of Alticor and its subsidiary companies Amway North America and Amway.