hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Englischer Garten
The Englischer Garten (German: [ˈɛŋlɪʃɐ ˈɡaʁtn̩], English Garden) is a large public park in the centre of Munich, Bavaria, stretching from the city centre to the northeastern city limits. The creation began in 1789, supervised by Sir Benjamin Thompson (1753–1814), later Count Rumford (Reichsgraf von Rumford), for Prince Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria. Thompson's successors, Reinhard von Werneck (1757–1842) and Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell (1750–1823), advisers on the project from its beginning, both extended and improved the park.

With an area of 3.7 km2 (1.4 sq mi) (370 ha or 910 acres), the Englischer Garten is one of the world's largest urban public parks. The name refers to its English garden form of informal landscape, a style popular in England from the mid-18th century to the early 19th century and particularly associated with Capability Brown.

Schwabing
Schwabing (German pronunciation: [ˈʃvaːbɪŋ] ⓘ) is a borough in the northern part of Munich, the capital of the German state of Bavaria. It is part of the city borough 4 (Schwabing-West) and the city borough 12 (Schwabing-Freimann). The population of Schwabing is estimated at 100,000, making it one of the largest districts of Munich. The main boulevard is Leopoldstraße. (For further information on the Munich boroughs, see Boroughs of Munich.)
Ulmet, Germany
Ulmet is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel. Ulmet has long been a recognized tourism community.

Dennweiler-Frohnbach
Dennweiler-Frohnbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

The municipality arose from the merger of the two formerly self-administering municipalities of Dennweiler and Frohnbach.
Kumhrar
Kumhrar or Kumrahar is the area of Patna where remains of the ancient city of Pataliputra were excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India starting from 1913. It is located 5 km east of Patna Railway Station.

Archaeological remains of the Mauryan period (322–185 BCE) have been discovered here, this include the ruins of a hypostyle 80-pillared hall The excavation finding here dates back to 600 BCE, and marks the ancient capital of Ajātasattu, Chandragupta and Ashoka, and collectively the relics range from four continuous periods from 600 BCE to 600 CE.

Anant Sadashiv Altekar
Anant Sadashiv Altekar (24 September 1898 – 25 November 1960) was a historian, archaeologist, and numismatist from Maharashtra, India. He was the Manindra Chandra Nandy's Professor and Head of the Department of Ancient Indian History and Culture at Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi, India, and later the director of the Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute and University Professor of Ancient Indian History and Culture at the Patna University, both in Patna, India.
Toffee
Toffee is an English confection made by caramelizing sugar or molasses (creating inverted sugar) along with butter, and occasionally flour. The mixture is heated until its temperature reaches the hard crack stage of 149 to 154 °C (300 to 310 °F). While being prepared, toffee is sometimes mixed with nuts or raisins.

Candy making
Candy making is the preparation and cookery of candies and sugar confections. Outside of the US the term generally used is Sugar confectionery. Candy making includes the preparation of many various candies, such as hard candies, jelly beans, gumdrops, taffy, liquorice, cotton candy, chocolates and chocolate truffles, dragées, fudge, caramel candy, and toffee.

Candy is made by dissolving sugar in water or milk to form a syrup, which is boiled until it reaches the desired concentration or starts to caramelize. The type of candy depends on the ingredients and how long the mixture is boiled. Candy comes in a wide variety of textures, from soft and chewy to hard and brittle. A confectioner  is a person who makes candy or chocolate. A chocolatier is a person who prepares confectionery from chocolate, and is distinct from a chocolate maker, who creates chocolate from cacao beans and other ingredients. Cotton candy is a form of spun sugar often prepared using a cotton candy machine.
Rally of the Togolese People
The Rally of the Togolese People (French: Rassemblement du Peuple Togolais, RPT) was the ruling political party in Togo from 1969 to 2012. It was founded by President Gnassingbé Eyadéma and headed by his son, President Faure Gnassingbé, after the former's death in 2005. Faure Gnassingbé replaced the RPT with a new ruling party, the Union for the Republic (UNIR), in April 2012, dissolving the RPT.

Union for the Republic (Togo)
The Union for the Republic (UNIR; French: Union pour la République) is the ruling political party in Togo. The party emerged from the former Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), which was dissolved in 2012.
Three Springs Mine
Three Springs Mine is a talc mine located outside of Three Springs, Western Australia. Owned and operated by the Imerys Group, a French-based company, the mine is the oldest and most productive talc mine in the southern hemisphere, and the second-most productive talc mine in the world, with recent annual production of 240,000 tonnes. Rio Tinto acquired the mine in 2001 from the Western Mining Corporation for US$27.8 million.

Three Springs, Western Australia
Three Springs is a town located 313 kilometres (194 mi) north of Perth, Western Australia on the Midlands Road, which until the opening of the Brand Highway in 1975 was the main road route from Perth to the state's north. The town is the seat of the Shire of Three Springs. Its economy is based on agriculture (mainly broad acre grain cropping and sheep farming) and mining.
Limnognathia
Limnognathia is a genus of microscopic acoelomate freshwater animal that was discovered in Disko Island, Greenland, in 1994. Since then, it has also been found on the Crozet Islands of Antarctica as well as in the British Isles and the Spanish Pyrenees, suggesting a worldwide distribution. There are two known species of Limnognathia: L. maerski, described in 2000, and L. desmeti, described in 2025.

Limnognathia is the only genus in the phylum Micrognathozoa ("small-jawed animal").

Gnathostomulid
Gnathostomulids, or jaw worms, are a small phylum of nearly microscopic marine animals. They inhabit sand and mud beneath shallow coastal waters and can survive in relatively anoxic environments. They were first recognised and described in 1956.
Bowery Boys (gang)
The Bowery Boys (vernacular Bowery B'hoys) were a nativist, anti-Catholic, and anti-Irish criminal gang based in the Bowery neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City in the early-mid-19th century. In contrast with the Irish immigrant tenement of the Five Points, the Bowery was a more prosperous working-class community. The gang was made up exclusively of volunteer firemen—though some also worked as tradesmen, mechanics, and butchers (the primary trade of prominent leader William "Bill the Butcher" Poole)—and would fight rival fire companies over who would extinguish a fire. The Bowery Boys often battled multiple outfits of the infamous Five Points, most notably the Dead Rabbits, with whom they feuded for decades. The uniform of a Bowery Boy generally consisted of a stovepipe hat in variable condition, a red shirt, and dark trousers tucked into boots—this style paying homage to their fireman roots.

B'hoy and g'hal
B'hoy and g'hal (meant to evoke an Irish pronunciation of boy and gal, respectively) were the prevailing slang words used to describe the young men and women of the rough-and-tumble working class culture of Lower Manhattan in the late 1840s and into the period of the American Civil War. They spoke a slang, with phrases such as "hi-hi", "lam him", and "cheese it".
Hayley Westenra
Hayley Dee Westenra (born 10 April 1987) is a New Zealand classical crossover singer. Her first internationally released album, Pure, reached number one on the UK classical charts in 2003 and has sold more than two million copies worldwide, making it one of the fastest selling albums in her country's history.

She is one of the youngest UNICEF Ambassadors to date.

Westenra has sung in English, Māori, Irish, Welsh, Spanish, Italian, German, French, Portuguese, Latin, Japanese, Standard Mandarin Chinese, Catalan, and Taiwanese Hokkien.

Alfie Boe
Alfred Giovanni Roncalli Boe (born 29 September 1973) is an English actor and singer who performs primarily in musical theatre.

Boe is best known for his performances as Jean Valjean in the musical Les Misérables at the Queen's Theatre in London, the 25th Anniversary Concert, the 2014 Broadway revival, the All-Star Staged Concert, and the Arena Spectacular World Tour. He played the lead role in Finding Neverland on Broadway beginning 29 March 2016. Boe shared a Tony Award with the other members of the ensemble cast of Baz Luhrmann's 2002 revival of La bohème in 2003. He has sold more than one million albums in the United Kingdom.

One of his most recent performances include Together in Vegas (with Michael Ball). In October 2022 he announced that he would be doing a solo tour in 2023.
Göran Ragnerstam
Göran Axel Ragnerstam (born 7 November 1957 ) is a Swedish actor.

Ragnerstam was born in Stockholm; he grew up in Södermalm and later in Vällingby. His father was interested in theatre and acted out for his children. He encouraged Ragnerstam to move on to an acting course. Ragnerstam  took part in plays in primary school primary education and secondary school. After that he worked on Posten AB, before he did military service conscription. An ad about training to be an actor got him to study at Kulturama, and after that he studied at NAMA in Malmö from 1981 to 1984. After that he was involved in the Gothenburg City Theatre. Ragnerstam has also worked with Lars Norén.

Ragnerstam was married to Carina Boberg and he is a cousin of author Bunny Ragnerstam.

Jordskott
Jordskott (Swedish: [ˈjûːɖʂkɔt], "soil shoot") is a Swedish TV thriller, crime drama series with fantasy elements. Police detective Eva Thörnblad (Moa Gammel) investigates the disappearance of her daughter and other mysteries in her hometown of Silverhöjd. The title refers to jordskott, a fictional plant parasite, which enhances one's perceptions but feeds off the host's blood. The series was first broadcast by SVT in 2015 with ten episodes. Filming took place in Sala and Ragunda in mid-2014. The series then began broadcasting on ITV Encore in the UK on June 10, 2015, and on Canal+ Seriale in Poland on October 10, 2016.

Following positive reception and strong international sales for the first series, a second series of eight episodes, Jordskott II, followed. It aired from 15 October 2017 in Sweden. It was then screened on ITV Encore in the UK from 19 October onwards and on Shudder in the US from 18 January 2019 onwards.
René Laennec
René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec (French: [laɛnɛk]; 17 February 1781 – 13 August 1826) was a French medical doctor and musician. His skill at carving his own wooden flutes led him to invent the stethoscope in 1816, while working at the Hôpital Necker. He pioneered its use in diagnosing various chest conditions.
He became a lecturer at the Collège de France in 1822 and professor of medicine in 1823. His final appointments were that of head of the medical clinic at the Hôpital de la Charité and professor at the Collège de France.  He went into a coma and subsequently died of tuberculosis on 13 August 1826, at age 45.

Guillaume Dupuytren
Guillaume Dupuytren, Baron Dupuytren (UK: /ˌdjuːpwiːˈtræ̃, djuːˈpwiːtrɛn/, US: /dəpwiːˈtræ̃, dəˈpwiːtrən/, French: [ɡijom dypɥitʁɛ̃]; 5 October 1777 – 8 February 1835) was a French anatomist and military surgeon. Although he gained much esteem for treating Napoleon Bonaparte's hemorrhoids he is best known today for his description of Dupuytren's contracture, which is named after him and on which he first operated in 1831 and published in The Lancet in 1834.
Prior Pursglove and Stockton Sixth Form College
Prior Pursglove and Stockton Sixth Form College is a sixth form college with sites in Guisborough and Stockton-on-Tees. The college is a result of a merger between Prior Pursglove College and Stockton Sixth Form College in May 2016. Prior Pursglove College is led by Olivia Wytcherley whilst Stockton Sixth Form College is led by Michael Mackin  who is accountable to the board of governors.

The college educates around 1,600 students on the Guisborough campus, and 700 students on the Stockton campus.

Guisborough
Guisborough (/ˈɡɪzbərə/ ⓘ GHIZ-bər-ə) is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire, England. It lies north of the North York Moors National Park. Roseberry Topping, midway between the town and Great Ayton, is a landmark in the national park. It was governed by an urban district and rural district in the North Riding of Yorkshire.

At the 2011 census, the civil parish with outlying Upleatham, Dunsdale and Newton under Roseberry had a population of 17,777, of which 16,979 were in the town's built-up area.
Lycoming O-320
The Lycoming O-320 is a large family of naturally aspirated, 320 cu in (5.2 L) air-cooled, horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, direct-drive engines produced by Lycoming Engines. Introduced in 1953, it is commonly used on light aircraft such as the Cessna 172 and Piper Cherokee, and remains in production as of 2024.  Different variants are rated for 150 or 160 horsepower (112 or 119 kilowatts).

Lycoming Engines
Lycoming Engines is a major American manufacturer of aircraft engines. With a factory in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, Lycoming produces a line of horizontally opposed, air-cooled, four, six and eight-cylinder engines.

The company has built more than 325,000 piston aircraft engines and powers more than half the world's general aviation fleet, both rotary and fixed wing.

Lycoming has been a principal pioneer of turbine engines for medium and large helicopters, and has also produced engines for small jetliners and business jets.

Lycoming is an operating division of Avco Corporation, itself a subsidiary of Textron.
Kangaroo bicycle
The Kangaroo dwarf bicycle was created in 1884 by Hillman, Herbert, and Cooper as a safer alternative to the ordinary bicycle. It had a 36-inch front drive wheel that was geared up to be equivalent to a 60 inch ordinary bicycle with a pair of chain drives, one on each side of the wheel. The Kangaroo was soon superseded by the Rover and other, more-modern safety bicycles.

Safety bicycle
A safety bicycle (or simply a safety) is a type of bicycle that became very popular beginning in the late 1880s as an alternative to the penny-farthing (also known as an "ordinary" or "high wheeler") and is now the most common type of bicycle. Early bicycles of this style were known as safety bicycles because they were noted for, and marketed as, being safer than the high wheelers they were replacing. Even though modern bicycles use a similar design, the term is rarely used today and is considered obsolete outside circles familiar with high wheelers.
Profen (drug class)
The profens are a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.  Profens are also known as 2-arylpropionic acids to reflect their chemical structure.  The most common example of a profen is ibuprofen, which has been sold under the brand name Profen among others.

Other drugs in the class include:

Alminoprofen

Benoxaprofen

Carprofen

Dexibuprofen

Dexketoprofen

Fenoprofen

Flunoxaprofen

Flurbiprofen

Indoprofen

Ketoprofen

Loxoprofen

Miroprofen

Naproxen

Pelubiprofen

Pirprofen

Pranoprofen

Suprofen

Tarenflurbil

Tiaprofenic acid

Vedaprofen

Zaltoprofen

Pelubiprofen
Pelubiprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the profen class used to treat back pain and osteoarthritis.

Pelubiprofen was developed in South Korea by Daewon Pharmaceuticals and it is marketed in Korea and Russia, among other countries.
Soyō, Kumamoto
Soyō (蘇陽町, Soyō-machi) was a town located in Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,506 and a density of 37.89 persons per km2. The total area was 118.92 km2.

On February 11, 2005, Soyō, along with the town of Yabe, and the village of Seiwa (both from Kamimashiki District), was merged to create the town of Yamato and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Yamato, Kumamoto
Yamato (山都町, Yamato-chō) is a town in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2024, the town had an estimated population of 13,032 in 6274 households, and a population density of 24 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 544.67 km2 (210.30 sq mi).
Filkars River
The Filkars River (in French: rivière Filkars) is a tributary of the Beaurivage River which is a tributary of the west bank of the Chaudière River (slope of the south bank of the St. Lawrence River). It flows in the municipalities of Saint-Sylvestre, Sainte-Agathe-de-Lotbinière and Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage, in the Lotbinière Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Québec, in Canada.

Palmer River (Bécancour River tributary)
The Palmer River is a tributary of the Bécancour River which is a tributary of the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. The Palmer River flows through the municipalities of Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton and Saint-Jacques-de-Leeds, in the regional county municipality (MRC) of the Les Appalaches Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.
Disney's Nine Old Men
Disney's Nine Old Men were a group of Walt Disney Productions' core animators, who worked at the studio from the 1920s to the 1980s. Some of the Nine Old Men also worked as directors, creating some of Disney's most popular animated movies from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to The Rescuers. The group was named by Walt Disney, and they worked in both short and feature films. Disney delegated more and more tasks to them in the animation department in the 1950s when their interests expanded, and diversified their scope. Eric Larson was the last to retire from Disney, after his role as animation consultant on The Great Mouse Detective in 1986. All nine members of the group were acknowledged as Disney Legends in 1989 and all would receive the Winsor McCay Award for their lifetime or career contributions to the art of animation.

Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life
Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life (later republished as The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation) is a book by Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, two of the key animators at Disney during the Golden age of American animation.
Volcanic rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks.

Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface.

Intrusive rock
Intrusive rock is formed when magma penetrates existing rock, crystallizes, and solidifies underground to form intrusions, such as batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, and volcanic necks.

Intrusion is one of the two ways igneous rock can form. The other is extrusion, such as a volcanic eruption or similar event. An intrusion is any body of intrusive igneous rock, formed from magma that cools and solidifies within the crust of the planet. In contrast, an extrusion consists of extrusive rock, formed above the surface of the crust.

Some geologists use the term plutonic rock synonymously with intrusive rock, but other geologists subdivide intrusive rock, by crystal size, into coarse-grained plutonic rock (typically formed deeper in the Earth's crust in batholiths or stocks) and medium-grained subvolcanic or hypabyssal rock (typically formed higher in the crust in dikes and sills).
Jack Williamson
John Stewart Williamson (April 29, 1908 – November 10, 2006) was an American science fiction writer, one of several called the "Dean of Science Fiction". He is also credited with one of the first uses of the term genetic engineering. Early in his career he sometimes used the pseudonyms Will Stewart and Nils O. Sonderlund.

Undersea Trilogy
The Undersea Trilogy is a series of three science fiction novels by American writers Frederik Pohl and Jack Williamson.  The novels were first published by Gnome Press beginning in 1954. The novels were collected in a single omnibus volume published by Baen Books in 1992.  The story takes place in and around the United States Sub-Sea Academy and the underwater country of Marinia.  The hero of the stories is cadet Jim Eden of the Sub-Sea Academy.
1 gauge
1 gauge, gauge 1 or gauge one is a  model railway and toy train standard that was popular in the early 20th century, particularly with European manufacturers. Its track measures 1.75 in (44.45 mm), making it larger than 0 gauge but slightly smaller than wide gauge, which came to be the dominant U.S. standard during the 1920s.

Gauge one was standardised, according to Model Railways and Locomotive magazine of August 1909, at 1.75 in (44.45 mm). An exact 1:32 scale would yield 1.766 in (44.85 mm) for standard gauge prototype. The distance between the wheel tyres was set at 1+17⁄32 in (38.894 mm) and between the centre of the track 48 mm (no inch equivalent suggesting it was metric users' requirement only). The wheel width was set at 19⁄64 in (7.541 mm).

Definitions using gauge, rather than scale, were more common in the early days with the four gauges for which standards were adopted being No. 0 (commonly called O gauge currently), No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3.

Garden railway
A garden railway or garden railroad is a model railway system set up outdoors in a garden. G Scale is the most popular scale for garden railroads, though 16 mm scale also has a following, especially in the United Kingdom. Model locomotives in this scale are often live steam scale models of British narrow gauge prototypes. 16 mm scale (which runs on 32 mm / 1.26 in) track, the same gauge as O gauge is probably now more popular in the UK than G scale.