hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gladstone, Queensland
Gladstone (/ˈɡlædstən/ GLAD-stən) is a coastal city in the Gladstone Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the Gladstone urban area had a population of 45,185 people.

It is 517 km (321 mi) by road north-west of the state capital, Brisbane, and 108 km (67 mi) south-east of Rockhampton. Situated between the Calliope and Boyne Rivers, Gladstone is home to Queensland's largest multi-commodity shipping port, the Port of Gladstone.

Gladstone is the largest town within the Gladstone Region and the headquarters of Gladstone Regional Council is located in Gladstone.

Calliope River
The Calliope River is a river in Central Queensland, Australia.

The river rises in the Calliope Range inland from the industrial port city of Gladstone, flows past the town of Calliope, before emptying into the Pacific Ocean just north of Gladstone. River length is 98 kilometres (61 mi), with a catchment area of 2,241 square kilometres (865 sq mi).

Circa 1970, a new bridge was constructed over the Calliope River.

Oaky, Paddock and Larcom Creeks are the main tributaries of the river. The major industry in the river area is the raising of beef cattle. Like most sub tropical and tropical estuaries, the waters of the river may contain box jellyfish for many kilometres upstream.  This venomous, marine animal poses a threat to swimmers.

The Calliope River Historical Village is located beside the Calliope River on the Old Bruce Highway at River Ranch, adjacent to the Bruce Highway.
Spenserian stanza
The Spenserian stanza is a fixed verse form invented by Edmund Spenser for his epic poem The Faerie Queene (1590–96). Each stanza contains nine lines in total: eight lines in iambic pentameter followed by a single 'alexandrine' line in iambic hexameter. The rhyme scheme of these lines is.

Rhyme scheme
A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme; lines designated with the same letter all rhyme with each other.

An example of the ABAB rhyming scheme, from "To Anthea, who may Command him Anything", by Robert Herrick:
Heinsberg–Lindern railway
The Lindern–Heinsberg (Rheinl) railway, also called the Heinsberger Bahn (Heinsberg Railway) or Wurmtalbahn (Wurm Valley Railway) is a single-track branch line from Lindern on the Aachen–Mönchengladbach railway to Heinsberg in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It was opened in 1890.

Heinsberg (Rheinland) station
Heinsberg (Rheinland) station is a train station in Heinsberg, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It's situated at the end of the Lindern–Heinsberg railway. The entrance building and the freight sheds were successively demolished in 1997 after the closure of the passenger service in 1980, the end of freight traffic to Heinsberg in 1994 and the closure of the line between Oberbruch and Heinsberg in 1997. In preparation for the reactivation of passenger services on 15 December 2013, a new island platform was erected to the east of the site of the demolished entrance building.
David Hargreaves (academic)
David Hargreaves FAcSS (born 1939) was educated at Bolton School and Christ's College, Cambridge. He was Associate Director for Development and Research of the Specialist Schools and Academies Trust (SSAT). He is a Fellow Emeritus of Wolfson College, Cambridge and was a Foundation Academician of the Academy of the Social Sciences.

He has been Chairman of the British Educational Communications and Technology Agency (BECTA), Chief Inspector of the Inner London Education Authority and Chief Executive of the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA). He has held academic posts in teacher education at the University of Manchester, the University of Oxford (where he was Reader in Education and a Fellow of Jesus College from 1979 to 1984) and the University of Cambridge and is visiting professor of education at the University of Manchester. He is the author of several books on educational theory and was a Senior Associate of the think tank Demos.

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Fotos Politis
Fotos Politis (Greek: Φώτος Πολίτης; 1890–1934) was a Greek stage director.

He was one of the most prominent figures in the revival of the ancient Greek tragedies in the 20th century. A literary and theater reviewer and playwright, who was responsible for the creation of what came to be called "the theatrical tradition of the National Theater of Greece", he developed original teaching methods for aspiring young actors in Athenian drama schools while the rehearsals for the plays that he staged were known for their long duration and exhaustive intensity. Politis felt an obligation to educate not only the actors, corrupted by the French "Théâtre de boulevard" of the time, but also the general public by bringing it in contact with the masterpieces of ancient Greek tragedy, Shakespeare, classical European theater and avant-garde theater.

Aimilios Veakis
Aimilios Veakis (Greek: Αιμίλιος Βεάκης; December 13, 1884 – June 29, 1951) was a Greek actor. An active member of the National Liberation Front during the Axis occupation of Greece, he was persecuted for his leftist beliefs during the White Terror.
San Antonio Symphony
The San Antonio Symphony was a full-time professional symphony orchestra based in San Antonio, Texas. Its season ran from late September to early June. Sebastian Lang-Lessing, its music director from 2010 to 2020, was the last to serve in that capacity. The orchestra was a resident organization of the Tobin Center for the Performing Arts in San Antonio. In August 2022, the orchestra's musicians reformed as the San Antonio Philharmonic, a name first used in 1914, and announced a ten-concert classical-music series for the 2022–23 season to be given at First Baptist Church of San Antonio, 100 yards from Tobin Center.

Majestic Theatre (San Antonio)
The Majestic Theatre is San Antonio's oldest and largest atmospheric theatre. The theatre seats 2,264 people and was designed by architect John Eberson, for Karl Hoblitzelle's Interstate Theatres in 1929.

In 1975, the theatre was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and was designated a Texas Historic Landmark in 1991 and a National Historic Landmark April 19, 1993. The theatre was home to the San Antonio Symphony from 1989 to 2014. For many years, it remained the largest theatre in Texas and the second largest movie theatre in the United States. It was also the first theatre in the state to be totally air-conditioned.
Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg railway
The Witten/Dortmund, Oberhausen/Duisburg railway is one of the most important railways in Germany. It is the main axis of long distance and regional rail transport on the east–west axis of the Ruhr and is served by Intercity-Express, InterCity, Regional-Express, Regionalbahn and S-Bahn trains.

Strictly speaking, the line today consists of two parallel two-track lines, one for mainline trains and the other for S-Bahn trains. On several sections of the line the long-distance tracks and S-Bahn tracks follow separate routes. The long-distance tracks follows the historical route built between 1860 and 1862 by the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company as an extension of its trunk line between Elberfeld and Dortmund.

Essen-Steele station
Essen-Steele is located in the district of Essen-Steele in the German city of Essen in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is on the Witten/Dortmund–Oberhausen/Duisburg line and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. It is served by the RB 33 (Rhein-Niers-Bahn) Aachen / Heinsberg, RE 49 (Wupper-Lippe-Express) and Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn lines S1, S3 and S9.
Laser warning receiver
A laser warning receiver is a warning system used as a passive military defence. It detects, analyzes, and locates directions of laser emissions from laser guidance systems and laser rangefinders. Then it alerts the crew and can start various countermeasures, like smoke screen, aerosol screen (e.g. Shtora), active laser self-defence weapon with laser dazzler (LSDW, used on the Chinese Type 99 main battle tank), laser jammer, etc.

Detectors used in LWR are usually based on a semiconductor photodetector array, which is typically cryogenically or thermal-electric cooled. Sometimes avalanche photodiodes (APD), photoconductivity, photoelectromagnetic, or photodiffusion devices are used even without cooling. Some devices detect only the main beam of foreign lasers while others detect even scattered rays.

Dazzler (weapon)
A dazzler is a non-lethal weapon which uses intense directed radiation to temporarily disorient its target with flash blindness. They can effectively deter further advances, regardless of language or cultural barriers, but can also be used for hailing and warning. Targets can include electronic sensors as well as human vision.

Initially developed for military use, non-military products are becoming available for use in law enforcement and security.
Voco Point
Voco Point  is a suburb of Lae in the Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Voco Point is one of the busiest coastal trading points in the country and coastal vessels from throughout the country, from Alotau to Manus, from Lihir to Vanimo line up at the wharves. The passenger boats ferry people to Finschhafen, the Siassi islands, Kimbe, Rabaul, New Ireland, Oro Bay, Alotau, Madang, and Wewak. The local Lae villages call the area around Voco Point Asiawi, which according to mythology, used to be a long point that went out much further but was eaten by the evil spirit Yaayaa.

Australian Women's Army Service
The Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) was a non-medical women's service established in Australia during the Second World War. Raised on 13 August 1941 to "release men from certain military duties for employment in fighting units" the service grew to over 20,000-strong and provided personnel to fill various roles including administration, driving, catering, signals and intelligence. Following the end of the Second World War, the service was demobilised and ceased to exist by 1947. It later provided a cadre of experienced personnel to the Women's Royal Australian Army Corps when it was established in 1951.
ISO 639:p
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with P.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:h
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with H.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
Hattersley railway station
Hattersley railway station serves the Hattersley area of Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. The station is 9 miles (14 km) east of Manchester Piccadilly on the Manchester-Glossop Line.

The station was opened by British Rail in 1978 as an island platform with a covered footbridge leading to the station's exit. It used to contain a glass waiting room/area, but this was later subjected to an arson attack. Hattersley has been served by 3-car trains throughout its life, but has an extended platform that can comfortably accommodate 6-car trains. It has car parking spaces and formerly incorporated a bus interchange which was served by the number 216 bus before continuing through Hattersley to the terminus or going to Hyde and Manchester. The station and the line around 1km to the east of it is currently within a substantial cutting, a new Hattersley Viaduct replacing two tunnels some 400m in length which were likely required to be removed as part of the post-war electrification works.

Hattersley
Hattersley is a housing estate in the Tameside district of Greater Manchester, England, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Hyde, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Glossop and 10 miles (16 km) east of Manchester, at the eastern terminus of the M67. The estate had a population of 6,960 at the 2021 census. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. The area was developed as a large overspill estate by Manchester City Council from the 1960s onwards.
Nemuro Strait
Nemuro Strait (Japanese: 根室海峡), also called Notsuke Strait and Kunashirsky Strait (Russian: Кунаширский пролив), is a strait  separating Kunashir Island of the Kuril Islands, Russia (claimed by Japan) from the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaidō, Japan. The strait connects the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the Izmeny Strait (пролив Измены) in the south. It is located on the southeastern borders of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, and Nemuro Subprefecture of Japan. Along the strait runs the border between the two states.

The Strait of Nemuro is approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) wide and 74 kilometres (46 mi) long. The maximum depth is 2,500 metres (8,200 ft). The Japanese towns of Rausu and Shibetsu overlook the strait.

The history of this land is interwoven with the abundant natural resource; salmon. As such it has come to be known as "the mecca of salmon".

Kunashir
Kunashir (Russian: Кунаши́р, romanized: Kunashír) or Kunashiri (Japanese: 国後島, Hepburn: Kunashiri-tō) is the southernmost island of the Kuril Islands. The island has been under Russian administration since the end of World War II, when Soviet forces took possession of the Kurils. It is claimed by Japan as part of its "Northern Territories".
St. James, Michigan
St. James is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Charlevoix County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population of the CDP was 145 at the 2020 census.  The community is located within St. James Township.

Located on the northern coast of Beaver Island in Lake Michigan, St. James was the county seat of Manitou County during the county's existence from 1855 to 1895.

Charlevoix County, Michigan
Charlevoix County (/ˈʃɑːrləvɔɪ/ SHAR-lə-voy) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. The county seat is Charlevoix, and the largest city is Boyne City. Located in the Northern Lower Peninsula, Charlevoix County is bisected by Lake Charlevoix, Michigan's third largest inland lake. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 26,054. Beaver Island, the largest island in Lake Michigan, is located within Charlevoix County.
Knight Bachelor
In the British honours system, the title of Knight Bachelor is the basic rank granted to a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry.

Knights Bachelor are the most ancient sort of British knight (the rank existed during the 13th-century reign of King Henry III), but Knights Bachelor rank below knights of chivalric orders. A man who is knighted is formally addressed as "Sir [First Name] [Surname]" or "Sir [First Name]" and his wife as "Lady [Surname]".

The designation "Bachelor" in this context conveys the concept of "junior in rank".

Order of chivalry
An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is a society, fellowship and college of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Christian military orders of the Crusades (c. 1099–1291) and paired with medieval concepts of ideals of chivalry.

Since the 15th century, orders of chivalry, often as dynastic orders, began to be established in a more courtly fashion than could be created ad hoc. These orders would often retain the notion of being a confraternity, society or other association of members, but some of them were ultimately purely honorific and consisted of a medal decoration. In fact, these decorations themselves often came to be known informally as orders. These institutions in turn gave rise to the modern-day orders of merit of sovereign states.
Dear John (British TV series)
Dear John is a British sitcom, written by John Sullivan. Two series and a special were broadcast in 1986 and 1987.

The sitcom's title refers to "Dear John" letters, usually written by women to their partners as a means of ending a relationship. John discovers in the opening episode that his wife is leaving him for a friend. He has to leave his home, while still being expected to pay the mortgage, and finds lodgings. In desperation, he joins the 1-2-1 Singles Club and meets other people who have fared equally unfortunately in their romantic lives. The outside shots of houses were filmed in Melthorne Drive, South Ruislip.

In 1988, an American adaptation of Dear John was produced by Paramount for the NBC network, starring Judd Hirsch. That series lasted for four seasons.

Dear John (American TV series)
Dear John is an American sitcom television series that aired on NBC from October 6, 1988, to July 22, 1992. It was originally based on the British sitcom of the same name. It was retitled Dear John USA when it was shown in the United Kingdom. During its four-season run, it was bounced to and from various time periods on Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday nights. It moved from its post-Cheers slot on Thursdays to a post-Night Court slot on Wednesdays in 1990.
Ruen (mountain)
Ruen (Bulgarian and Macedonian: Руен [ˈru.ɛn]) is the highest peak of the Osogovo range, standing at 2,252 metres (7,388 ft). The peak is situated on the border between Bulgaria (Kyustendil Province) and North Macedonia (Makedonska Kamenica Municipality). It is formed by granite and metamorphic schists and is covered with Alpine meadow grasslands.

Ruen is included in the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria under No. 27. The main starting points for climbing are Osogovo hut, Three Beeches hotel and the village of Gyueshevo.

Two right tributaries of the river Struma spring from the Bulgarian side of Ruen — the Sovolyanska Bistritsa at 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) southeast of the summit and the Eleshnitsa at 400 metres (0.25 mi) southwest of it.

Osogovo
42°9′30″N 22°31′0″E﻿ / ﻿42.15833°N 22.51667°E﻿ / 42.15833; 22.51667

Osogovo (Bulgarian/Macedonian: Осоговоⓘ), or Osogovska Planina or Osogovski Planini (Осоговска Планина or Осоговски Планини), is a mountain range and ski resort between the south-western part of Bulgaria (Kyustendil Province) and the north-eastern part of North Macedonia (Kočani and Kriva Palanka municipalities). Osogovo Monastery is situated on the mountain.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford
The Department of Plant Sciences was a former academic department at the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom. It focused on plant and fungal biology. It was merged with the Department of Zoology to form the Department of Biology on 1 August 2022.

University of Oxford Botanic Garden
The University of Oxford Botanic Garden is the oldest botanic garden in Great Britain and one of the oldest scientific gardens in the world. The garden was founded in 1621 as a physic garden growing plants for medicinal research. Today it contains over 5,000 different plant species on 1.8 ha (4+1⁄2 acres). It is one of the most diverse yet compact collections of plants in the world and includes representatives from over 90% of the higher plant families.

Professor Simon Hiscock became Director of Oxford Botanic Garden in 2015.
Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability
The Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC) was the directorate of the External Action Service (EEAS) of the European Union (EU) that served as operational headquarters (OHQ) for the civilian missions of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). In March 2025 the CPCC was superseded by the EU Civilian Operations Headquarters.

Through the Joint Support Coordination Cell (JSCC), the CPCC cooperated with its military counterpart, the Military Planning and Conduct Capability (MPCC).

The CPCC was situated in the Kortenberg building in Brussels, Belgium, along with a number of other CSDP bodies.

Civilian Operations Headquarters
The Civilian Operations Headquarters (CivOpsHQ) is the headquarters of the European Union's civilian Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) missions, and a managing directorate of the European External Action Service (EEAS). The headquarters was launched by a decision of the High Representative (HR/VP) Kaja Kallas in March 2025 to “meet the demands of a deteriorating global security environment”. The CivOpsHQ superseded the former Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC), originally established in 2007.

The CivOpsHQ is tasked to support the Civilian Operations Commander (CivOpsCdr) with the command and control over the EU's civilian CSDP missions, establish operational standards, formulate human resources policies and oversee duty of care of the missions.
Ballyboden St Enda's GAA
Ballyboden St Enda's (Irish: CLG Baile Buadáin Naomh Éanna) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Knocklyon,  South Dublin, Ireland.  The club serves the Rathfarnham, Knocklyon, Ballycullen, Ballyboden, Ballyroan and Firhouse areas.  The club fields teams in hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball and rounders. Ballyboden St Enda's was founded in 1969 after the merger of two clubs in the Rathfarnham area – Ballyboden Wanderers (founded 1910) and Rathfarnham St. Endas (founded 1966).

The club's home ground, Páirc Uí Mhurchú, is located on the Firhouse Road. It was renamed, in 1984, in honour of the club's founding member and first chairman, Ned Murphy (Éamonn Ó Murchú; 1908–1981).

According to The Irish Times, Ballyboden is "almost certainly... the biggest sports club in Europe", with 172 teams representing it in 2020.

Ballyboden
Ballyboden (Irish: Baile Buadáin, meaning 'Boden Town') is a locality within the suburb of Rathfarnham, County Dublin, at the foot of the Dublin Mountains between Whitechurch, Ballyroan and Knocklyon. It is in the local government area of South Dublin, and is a townland in the civil parish of Rathfarnham in the barony of Uppercross.
"Balaenoptera" ryani
"Balaenoptera" ryani is an extinct species of Balaenopteridae from the late Miocene of California. It was originally considered a species of Balaenoptera, but is now recognized as more primitive than any extant or fossil balaenopterid and thus in need of a new generic name.

Balaenoptera
Balaenoptera (from Latin  balaena 'whale' and Ancient Greek  πτερά (pterá) 'fin') is a genus of rorquals containing eight extant species. Balaenoptera comprises all but two of the extant species in its family (the humpback whale and gray whale); the genus is currently polyphyletic, with the two aforementioned species being phylogenetically nested within it.

This genus is known in the fossil records from the Neogene to the Quaternary (13.65 million years ago to the present).