hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
APEXC
The APE(X)C, or  All Purpose Electronic (X) Computer  series was designed by Andrew Donald Booth and built by Kathleen Booth at Birkbeck College, London in the early 1950s. Their work on the APE(X)C series was sponsored by the British Rayon Research Association. Although the naming conventions are slightly unclear, it seems the first model belonged to the BRRA. According to Booth, the X stood for X-company.

One of the series was also known as the APE(X)C or All Purpose Electronic X-Ray Computer and was sited at Birkbeck.

Andrew Donald Booth
Andrew Donald Booth (11 February 1918 – 29 November 2009) was a British electrical engineer, physicist and computer scientist who was an early developer of the magnetic drum memory for computers. He is known for Booth's multiplication algorithm. In his later career in Canada he became president of Lakehead University.
D. A. Webb
David Allardice Webb (12 August 1912 – 26 September 1994) was an Irish botanist and chair of botany at Trinity College, Dublin from 1949 to 1966. He was son of George and Dr Ella Webb. In Ireland he had studied under Henry Horatio Dixon and also studied in the United Kingdom. In addition to botany he edited a history of Trinity College with R. B. McDowell and published a book on the history of art in Trinity College. In 1982 he received the Boyle Medal of the Royal Dublin Society. His botanical specialties included his work as a leading taxonomist of Saxifraga. He died in a car accident on his way to the University of Reading's herbarium. The eighth edition of An Irish Flora was renamed Webb's An Irish Flora in his honour.

Ella Webb
Isabella ("Ella") Gertrude Amy Webb MBE (16 October 1877 – 24 August 1946) was a pioneering Irish paediatrician and founder of the Children's Sunshine Home for Convalescents (now LauraLynn Ireland Children's Hospice) a convalescence home for children with life limiting diseases.
El cant dels ocells
"El cant dels ocells" (Catalan: [əl ˈkan dəlz uˈseʎs], 'The Song of the Birds') is a traditional Catalan Christmas song and lullaby. It tells of nature's joy at learning of the birth of Jesus Christ in a stable in Bethlehem. The song was made famous outside Catalonia by Pablo Casals' instrumental version on the cello. After his exile in 1939, he began each of his concerts by playing this song. For this reason, it is often considered a symbol of Catalonia.

Joan Baez included it in her 1966 best selling Christmas LP Noël, with a dedication to Casals.

In 1991, Catalan tenor Josep Carreras recorded "El cant dels ocells" on his album José Carreras Sings Catalan Songs. His Three Tenors colleague Plácido Domingo also recorded the song on his 2014 album Encanto del Mar.

The most widely heard version of the song was performed by Catalan cellist Lluis Claret and soprano Victoria de los Angeles at the 1992 Summer Olympics closing ceremony just before the Olympic cauldron was extinguished.

Encanto del Mar
Encanto del Mar is a 2014 album of Mediterranean songs by Plácido Domingo. Singing in the baritone range, Domingo performs songs from diverse countries and regions around the Mediterranean Sea in eleven different languages, typically with simple accompaniments.
Playing in the Shadows
Playing in the Shadows is the third studio album by British rapper Example, released on 4 September 2011 through Ministry of Sound. Example confirmed that much like the previous album, there would be no collaborations, besides that of producers (including frequent collaborator Skream). During an interview, Example said the album remains dance oriented, although he would make a gradual move into electronic and dubstep genres.

The album's release was preceded by two singles, "Changed the Way You Kiss Me" and "Stay Awake", which both peaked atop of the UK Singles Chart. A third single, Laidback Luke collaboration "Natural Disaster", has been released on 16 October. A fourth single, "Midnight Run" was released on 4 December.

Ministry of Sound
Ministry of Sound or Ministry of Sound Group is a multimedia entertainment business based in London with a nightclub, shared workspace and private members' club, worldwide events operation, music publishing business and fitness studio.

James Palumbo is the co-founder and former chairman and CEO of the Group. He handed over the day-to-day running of the business to Lohan Presencer in 2008. In 2018, Presencer became chairman.
Uozu, Toyama
Uozu (魚津市, Uozu-shi) is a city in the eastern part of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2018, the city had an estimated population of 42,224 in 16,811 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. Its total area was 200.61 square kilometres (77.46 sq mi).

Toyama Bay
Toyama Bay (富山湾, Toyama-wan) is a bay located on the northern shores of the Hokuriku region of Honshu, Japan on the Sea of Japan. The bay borders Toyama and Ishikawa prefectures. The bay is known for the mirages on the horizon during the winter months and for being a spawning ground for the firefly squid. It is also one of Japan's three largest bays. Parts of the bay are within the borders of the Noto Hantō Quasi-National Park.

Toyama shrimp are found in Toyama bay, which they are named after.
Yakov Permyakov
Yakov Permyakov (Russian: Яков Пермяков; died 1712) was a Russian seafarer, explorer, merchant, and Cossack.

In 1710, while sailing from the Lena River to the Kolyma River, Permyakov observed the silhouette of two unknown island groups in the sea. Those islands would later be named Bolshoy Lyakhovsky and the Medvyezhi Islands.

In 1712, Permyakov and his companion Merkury Vagin crossed Yana Bay from the mouth of the Yana River to Bolshoy Lyakhovsky over the ice and explored the then-unknown island. 
Permyakov and Vagin were murdered on the way back from their exploration by mutineering expedition members. The Cossacks took Permyakov's deceased body down to the ice and set it on fire. No one knows what the rebellious Cossacks did with the ashes, but Yakov Permyakov's remains were never found.

Medvezhyi Islands
The Medvezhyi Islands, or Bear Islands (Russian: Медве́жьи острова́; Yakut: Эhэлээх арыылар, Eheleex Arıılar) is an uninhabited group of islands at the western end of the Kolyma Gulf of the East Siberian Sea.
Rick Heller
Rick Heller is an American college baseball coach and former shortstop, who is the current head baseball coach of the Iowa Hawkeyes. Heller played college baseball at Upper Iowa for head coach Bill Prochaska from 1982 to 1986. He then served as the head coach for the Upper Iowa Peacocks (1988–1999), the Northern Iowa Panthers (2000–2009) and the Indiana State Sycamores (2010–2013). He has been the head coach at the University of Iowa since 2014.

Upper Iowa University
Upper Iowa University (UIU) is a private university in Fayette, Iowa, United States. It enrolls around 3,000 students and offers distance education programs that include centers in the U.S., an online program, an independent study program, and formerly had centers in Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia.

Upper Iowa offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs with 29 undergraduate majors, including art, business, conservation management, education, human services, information technology, liberal arts, math, nursing, psychology, science, and 6 graduate programs. It operates on two eight-week terms per semester, allowing students to take two classes per term. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

UIU is the only NCAA Division II Athletics Program in the state of Iowa and a member of the Great Lakes Valley Conference (GLVC).
Held by the Enemy (film)
Held by the Enemy is a lost 1920 American silent Civil War melodrama film directed by Donald Crisp and based on the 1886 play by William Gillette. The film starred Agnes Ayres, Lewis Stone, and Jack Holt. It was produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures.

Donald Crisp
Donald William Crisp (27 July 1882 – 25 May 1974) was an English film actor as well as an early producer, director and screenwriter. His career lasted from the early silent film era into the 1960s. He won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1942 for his performance in How Green Was My Valley.
2022–23 3. Liga
The 2022–23 3. Liga was the 15th season of the 3. Liga. It started on 22 July 2022 and concluded on 27 May 2023.

The fixtures were released on 24 June 2022.

SV Elversberg and VfL Osnabrück were promoted to the 2. Bundesliga, while SpVgg Bayreuth, FSV Zwickau, SV Meppen and VfB Oldenburg got relegated to the Regionalliga.
Wehen Wiesbaden were also promoted after winning the 2. Bundesliga relegation play-offs.

SpVgg Bayreuth
SpVgg Bayreuth is a German football club based in Bayreuth, Bavaria. Apart from coming within two games of earning promotion to the Bundesliga in 1979, the club also reached the quarter finals of the DFB-Pokal twice, in 1977 and 1980.
Qara Yusuf
Abu Nasr Qara Yusuf ibn Mohammad Barani (c. 1356 – 1420) was the ruler of the Qara Qoyunlu dynasty (or "Black Sheep Turkomans") from c. 1388 to 1420, although his reign was interrupted by Tamerlane's invasion (1400–1405). He was the son of Qara Mahammad Töremish, a brother-in-law to Ahmad Jalayir.

Qara Qoyunlu
The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (Azerbaijani: Qaraqoyunlular, قاراقویونلولار‎; Persian: قره قویونلو), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman monarchy that ruled over the territory comprising present-day Azerbaijan, Armenia, northwestern Iran, eastern Turkey, and northeastern Iraq from about 1374 to 1468.
Battle of Écija (1039)
The Battle of Écija (1039) took place near Écija on 3 October 1039. The forces of the Taifa of Seville led by Ismail ibn Abbad fought the allied forces of the Taifa of Málaga, Taifa of Granada and the Taifa of Carmona. The battle was a response to the Abbadid dynasty expansionist policies in the neighboring Taifas territories. The battle ended with a coalition victory and the death of Ismail ibn Abbad.

Taifa of Málaga
The Taifa of Málaga (Arabic: طائفة مالقة) was an Andalusī Islamic taifa kingdom located in what is now southern Spain. It existed during four distinct time periods: from 1026 to 1057, 1073 to 1090, 1145 to 1153, and 1229 to 1239, when the polity was finally conquered by the Emirate of Granada.
Tom Tellefsen
Tom Tellefsen (30 October 1931 – 17 January 2012) was a Norwegian actor. He was born in Asker. He was married to actress Rut Tellefsen from 1955 to 1962. He made his film debut in 1949, in Arne Skouen's Gategutter, and also played in Circus Fandango from 1954 and Blodveien from 1955. His stage debut was at Det Norske Teatret in 1959, and he worked at this theatre until his retirement in 2001. Among his later films are Smuglere from 1968, Balladen om mestertyven Ole Høiland from 1970, Bør Børson Jr. and Kimen from 1974 and Hard asfalt from 1986. He also contributed to television and radio.

Asker Municipality (1838–2020)
Asker (Norwegian: Asker), also called Asker proper (Askerbygda or gamle Asker in Norwegian), is a district and former municipality in Akershus, Norway, located approximately 20km southwest of Oslo. From 2020 it is part of the larger administrative municipality Asker (also known as Greater Asker) together with the traditional Buskerud districts Røyken and Hurum; Asker constitutes the northern fourth and is part of the Greater Oslo Region. The administrative center was the town of Asker, which remains so for the new larger municipality. Asker was established as a parish in the Middle Ages and as a municipality on 1 January 1838.
Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway
The Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway (RH&DR) is a 15 in (381 mm) gauge light railway in Kent, England, operating steam and internal combustion locomotives. The 13+1⁄2-mile (21.7 km) line runs from the Cinque Port of Hythe via Dymchurch, St. Mary's Bay, New Romney and Romney Sands to Dungeness, close to the Dungeness nuclear power stations and Dungeness Lighthouse. The line is double track north of New Romney and single track south.

Dungeness
Dungeness (UK: /ˌdʌndʒəˈnɛs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˌdʌndʒˈnɛs/) is a headland on the coast of Kent, England, formed largely of a shingle beach in the form of a cuspate foreland. It shelters a large area of low-lying land, Romney Marsh. Dungeness spans Dungeness Nuclear Power Station, the hamlet of Dungeness, and an  ecological site at the same location. It lies within the civil parish of Lydd.
Hastings Duncan
Sir James Hastings Duncan (1 March 1855 – 31 July 1928)  was a British Liberal Party politician.

He was elected at the 1900 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Otley division of the West Riding of Yorkshire, regaining a seat which had been held by Liberals from 1885 until a narrow Conservative victory in 1895.

Duncan held the seat until the constituency was abolished in boundary changes for the 1918 general election, and did not stand for Parliament again.

He was knighted in 1914.

Otley (UK Parliament constituency)
Otley was a parliamentary constituency between 1885 and 1918 centred on the town of Otley, then in the West Riding of Yorkshire and now in West Yorkshire.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
2016–17 Gibraltar Premier Division
The 2016–17 Gibraltar Premier Division (known as the Argus Insurance Premier Division for sponsorship reasons) was the 118th season of the national amateur and semi-professional football league in Gibraltar since its establishment - the highest level of football in Gibraltar. The league was contested by ten clubs, the top eight clubs from last season and two promoted clubs from 2015–16 Gibraltar Second Division. Lincoln Red Imps were the reigning champions, sealing a record 22nd title last season. The season began on 21 September 2016 and ended on 22 May 2017. Europa won the title, ending Lincoln's 14 title run and winning their first title since 1952.

Europa F.C.
Europa FC is a professional football club from Gibraltar that competes in the Gibraltar National League. As other clubs in the territory, Europa FC currently shares the Victoria Stadium on Winston Churchill Avenue. The club also operates a women's team which competes in the Gibraltar Women's Football League.
Liz Miele
Liz Miele (born 1985 is an American stand-up comedian and writer based in New York City.

Born and raised in Pennington, New Jersey, Miele attended Hopewell Valley Central High School. She started doing stand-up comedy at age 16. As a teenager, she had a correspondence with George Carlin, who became a friend and mentor.

She has appeared on @fter Midnight, Comedy Central, FOX, AXS TV, Hulu, and Wait Wait Don't Tell Me.

Miele has also been featured in The New Yorker, The New York Times, The Guardian and Paste magazine.

She has toured internationally, written a book, Why Cats Are Assholes, and has self-produced four one-hour comedy specials on YouTube, which have over 6 million views.

She has dyslexia.

Hopewell Valley Central High School
Hopewell Valley Central High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school operating as part of the Hopewell Valley Regional School District that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from Hopewell Borough, Hopewell Township and Pennington Borough, three communities in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Although the high school has a Pennington mailing address, it is located within the political boundaries of Hopewell Township, just outside Pennington Borough.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,068 students and 105.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.1:1. There were 55 students (5.1% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 10 (0.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
2021 Gran Premio d'Italia
The 2021 Gran Premio d'Italia was a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Italian Ice Sports Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio), and the third event of the 2021–22 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series. It was held at the Torino Palavela in Turin, Italy, from 5 to 7 November 2021. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earned points based on their results, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline at the end of the season were then invited to then compete at the 2021–22 Grand Prix Final in Osaka, Japan. Yuma Kagiyama of Japan won the men's event, Anna Shcherbakova of Russia won the women's event, Sui Wenjing and Han Cong of China won the pairs event, and Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron of France won the ice dance event.

Yuma Kagiyama
Yuma Kagiyama (鍵山 優真, Kagiyama Yūma; born May 5, 2003) is a Japanese figure skater. He is the 2022 and 2026 Olympic silver medalist, a three-time World silver medalist (2021, 2022, 2024), the 2024 Four Continents Champion, a two-time Olympic silver medalist in the team event (2022, 2026), a three-time Grand Prix Final medalist, a nine-time Grand Prix medalist (eight gold, one bronze), a three-time ISU Challenger Series medalist (two gold, one silver) and a two-time Japanese national champion (2024–25, 2025–26). At the junior level, Kagiyama is the 2020 Youth Olympic champion, the 2020 World Junior silver medalist, and the 2019–20 Japan Junior national champion.

Kagiyama is the former world junior record holder for the free skate and combined total score under the ISU Judging System. He is known for his speed, skating skills, and consistency.
Positive airway pressure
Positive airway pressure (PAP) is a mode of respiratory ventilation used in the treatment of sleep apnea. PAP ventilation is also commonly used for those who are critically ill in hospital with respiratory failure, in newborn infants (neonates), and for the prevention and treatment of atelectasis in patients with difficulty taking deep breaths. In these patients, PAP ventilation can prevent the need for tracheal intubation, or allow earlier extubation. Sometimes patients with neuromuscular diseases use this variety of ventilation as well.

Variations include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bi-level positive airway pressure (BPAP). BPAP has two pressure settings: the prescribed pressure for inhalation (ipap), and a lower pressure for exhalation (epap); the dual settings allow the patient to get more air in and out of their lungs.

Philips Respironics
Respironics is an American medical supply company owned by Philips that specializes in products that improve respiratory functions. It is based in the Pittsburgh suburb of Murrysville in Pennsylvania, United States.

Some of its products had hazardous foam that disintegrated and entered patients' bodies. Company officials were aware of the defect, but continued to market them while the company withheld the vast majority of reports.
Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's uneven bars
The women's uneven bars event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 25 July and 1 August 2021 at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre. Approximately 90 gymnasts from 53 nations (of the 98 total gymnasts) competed on the uneven bars in the qualifying round.

Two-time world champion and favorite Nina Derwael of Belgium won the competition to earn Belgium's first Olympic gold medal in artistic gymnastics. Derwael's medal was also the first gold for Belgium at the 2020 Olympics. ROC's Anastasia Ilyankova earned silver for her first Olympic medal. Sunisa Lee of the United States took the bronze, her third medal of the 2020 Olympics.

The medals for the competition were presented by Baron Pierre-Olivier Becker-Vieujant, Belgium; IOC Member, and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Kim Dong-min, South Korea; FIG Executive Committee Member.

Anastasia Ilyankova
Anastasia Andreyevna Ilyankova (Russian: Анастасия Андреевна Ильянкова, IPA: [ɐnəstɐˈsʲijə ɪlʲjɪnˈkovə], born 12 January 2001) is a retired Russian artistic gymnast. She is the 2020 Olympic silver medalist, the 2019 European champion, and the 2019 and 2020 Russian champion on the uneven bars. She is a four-time FIG World Cup medalist, and she finished fourth on the uneven bars at the 2017 World Championships.

On the junior level, Ilyankova is the 2016 European team, uneven bars, and balance beam champion and the 2016 Russian all-around champion.
Naos of the Decades
Naos of the Decades, also known as the Saft el-Hinna Naos, is a black granite naos preserved in several parts that have been discovered almost two centuries apart.

The naos is dedicated to the god Shu-Sopdu and dates to the reign of Nectanebo I. An astrological calendar is engraved on its sides depicting 36 decades, or 10-day periods marked by small constellations of stars called decans.

Saft el-Hinna
Saft el-Hinna (Arabic: صفط الحنا, romanized: Ṣafṭ al-Ḥinnā), also written as Saft el-Hinneh, Saft el-Henna, Saft el-Henneh, is a village and an archaeological site in Egypt. It is located in the modern Al Sharqia Governorate, in the  Nile Delta, about 7 km southeast of Zagazig.

The 1885 Census of Egypt recorded Saft el-Hinna as a nahiyah in the district of Bilbeis in Sharqia Governorate; at that time, the population of the town was 664 (306 men and 358 women).
William Herbert Waring
William Herbert Waring VC MM (13 October 1885 – 8 October 1918) was a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

He was born and lived in Welshpool, Montgomeryshire.

He was 32 years old, and before World War I had been a member of the part-time Montgomeryshire Yeomanry. In 1918 he was serving as a lance-sergeant in the 25th (Montgomery and Welsh Horse Yeomanry) Battalion, Royal Welch Fusiliers, British Army, when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

Welshpool
Welshpool (Welsh: Y Trallwng ⓘ) is a market town and community in Powys, Wales, historically in the county of Montgomeryshire. The town is four miles (six kilometres) from the Wales–England border and low-lying on the River Severn. The community, which also includes Cloddiau and Pool Quay, has a population of 6,664 (as of the 2011 United Kingdom census), with the town having 5,948. There are many examples of Georgian architecture within the town. Powis Castle is located to the north.
Crosby (UK Parliament constituency)
53°29′28″N 3°01′44″W﻿ / ﻿53.491°N 3.029°W﻿ / 53.491; -3.029

Crosby was a constituency in Merseyside, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1950 until 2010. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Thornton, Merseyside
Thornton is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire and situated to the north east of Crosby, it is a residential area of semi-detached and detached housing which dates mainly from the 1930s. Many of the houses, particularly those around Edge Lane and Water Street, feature notably long gardens. The A565 Liverpool-Southport road serves the area. At the 2001 Census the population of the village and civil parish was recorded as 2,262, falling to 2,139 at the Census 2011.
Ambatomarina
Ambatomarina is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Manandriana, which is a part of Amoron'i Mania Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 14,000 in 2001 commune census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. Farming and raising livestock provides employment for 49.5% and 49.5% of the working population. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are beans, maize and cassava. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

Manandriana District
Manandriana District is a district in central Madagascar. It is part of Amoron'i Mania Region. It covers an area of 981.98 km2, and had a population of 111,693 in 2020. Its capital is Ambovombe Afovoany. The name of the district comes from the Kingdom of Manandriana.