hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chu Ci
The Chu Ci, variously translated as Verses of Chu, Songs of Chu, or Elegies of Chu, is an ancient anthology of Chinese poetry including works traditionally attributed mainly to Qu Yuan and Song Yu from the Warring States period, as well as a large number of works composed during the Han dynasty several centuries later. The traditional version of the Chu Ci contains 17 major sections, anthologized with its current contents by Wang Yi, a 2nd-century AD librarian who served under Emperor Shun of Han. Classical Chinese poetry prior to the Qin dynasty is largely known through the Chu Ci and the Classic of Poetry.

Bu Ju
Bu Ju (Chinese: 卜居; pinyin: Bǔ Jū; English: Divination) is a short work anthologized in the Chu Ci (楚辭 Songs of Chu, sometimes called The Songs of the South). Although traditionally attributed to Qu Yuan, there is little likelihood that he is the author. (Hawks 2011 [1985]: 203) Rather, "Bu ju" is a biographical or pseudobiographical account of an incident in Qu Yuan's life, mostly in prose, but with a short, incidental verse ascribed to be a quote from Qu Yuan. The anecdotal story tells of how Qu Yuan visited a Great Diviner to resolve some of his moral dilemmas, by means of plastromancy or by casting yarrow stalks. However, in the end the diviner excuses himself on the grounds that in a case such as this one, divination would be of no help.
Unit (ring theory)
In algebra, a unit or invertible element of a ring is an invertible element for the multiplication of the ring. That is, an element u of a ring R is a unit if there exists v in R such that

where 1 is the multiplicative identity; the element v is unique for this property and is called the multiplicative inverse of u. The set of units of R forms a group R× under multiplication, called the group of units or unit group of R.  Other notations for the unit group are R∗, U(R), and E(R) (from the German term Einheit).

Less commonly, the term unit is sometimes used to refer to the element 1 of the ring, in expressions like ring with a unit or unit ring, and also unit matrix. Because of this ambiguity, 1 is more commonly called the "unity" or the "identity" of the ring, and the phrases "ring with unity" or a "ring with identity" may be used to emphasize that one is considering a ring instead of a rng.

Identity matrix
In linear algebra, the identity matrix of size  is the  square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It has unique properties, for example when the identity matrix represents a geometric transformation, the object remains unchanged by the transformation. In other contexts, it is analogous to multiplying by the number 1.
Straight Outta Compton (film)
Straight Outta Compton is a 2015 American epic biographical drama film that tells the story of hip-hop group N.W.A's rise and fall under manager Jerry Heller. The film, directed by F. Gary Gray, stars O’Shea Jackson Jr., Corey Hawkins, and Jason Mitchell as Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, and Eazy-E, respectively. Released in August 2015, the film received critical acclaim and was a box office success, grossing $201.6 million worldwide. Straight Outta Compton earned several awards and nominations, including an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay and a win for Outstanding Motion Picture at the 47th NAACP Image Awards.

MC Ren
Lorenzo Jerald Patterson (born June 16, 1969), known professionally by his stage name MC Ren, is an American rapper, songwriter, and record producer from Compton, California. He is the founder and owner of the independent record label Villain Entertainment.

MC Ren began his career as a solo artist signed to Eazy-E's Ruthless Records in early 1987, while still attending high school. By mid-1988, after having written nearly half of Eazy-Duz-It, Ren had become a member of N.W.A, with whom he released recorded two albums and one EP. After the group disbanded in 1991, Ren stayed with Ruthless, releasing three solo albums—including the controversial Shock of the Hour (1993)—before leaving the label in 1998.

In 2016, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of N.W.A.

In 2024, he received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of N.W.A. He showed up to the ceremony to accept the award along with Ice Cube, DJ Yella, The D.O.C., and Lil Eazy-E.
National Register of Historic Places listings in McCurtain County, Oklahoma
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in McCurtain County, Oklahoma.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in McCurtain County, Oklahoma, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 16 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 28, 2025.

McCurtain County, Oklahoma
McCurtain County is a county in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, its population was 30,814. Its county seat is Idabel. It was formed at statehood from part of the earlier Choctaw Nation in Indian Territory. The name honors an influential Choctaw family who lived in the area. Jackson McCurtain and Edmund McCurtain served in the Confederate Army before their terms as chief, while Green McCurtain was the last chief when Oklahoma became a state in 1907.
Mysore Medical College and Research Institute
Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (previously called Mysore Medical College, abbreviated MMC), also known as Government Medical College, Mysuru is one of the oldest medical colleges in India. It is located in the heart of the city of Mysuru adjacent to the Mysuru city railway station. Founded in 1924 by Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV, it is the first medical college to be established in the Karnataka region and the seventh in India. The college is affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bengaluru.

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), is a public university located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It was chartered in 1996 by the Government of Karnataka, India, for the regulation and promotion of higher education in health sciences throughout the state of Karnataka. It is the largest medical university in India.
Middelburg Dam
Middelburg Dam is a dam located on the Klein Olifants River, part of the Olifants River basin. It is located near Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Construction was completed in 1978, at a cost of €54.2 million. The cost was partially subsided by the French and German Governments, at a cost of €20.5 million, whilst also using a donation from the European Stability Mechanism, valued at €10 million. The primary purpose of the dam is to serve for water supply and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3).

Olifants River (Limpopo)
The Olifants River, Lepelle, iBhalule or Obalule (Afrikaans: Olifantsrivier; Portuguese: Rio dos Elefantes) is a river in South Africa and Mozambique, a tributary of the Limpopo River. It falls into the Drainage Area B of the Drainage basins of South Africa.
The historical area of the Pedi people, Sekhukhuneland, is located between the Olifants River and one of its largest tributaries, the Steelpoort River.
Oda Nobuyuki
Oda Nobuyuki (織田 信行, 1536 – 1558), also known as Oda Nobukatsu (織田 信勝), was the son of Oda Nobuhide and younger brother of Oda Nobunaga, who lived during the Sengoku period of Japan.

Nobuyuki conspired against his brother Nobunaga with the Hayashi clan (Owari), which Nobunaga viewed as treason. Nobuyuki's Suemori Castle was reduced by Ikeda Nobuteru. Nobuyuki was pardoned, however in 1558 it was discovered that he had been planning yet another revolt and Nobuyuki was executed.

Ikeda Tsuneoki
Ikeda Tsuneoki (池田 恒興; 1536 – May 18, 1584), also known as Ikeda Nobuteru (池田 信輝), was an Ikeda clan daimyō and military commander under Oda Nobunaga during the Sengoku period and Azuchi–Momoyama periods of 16th-century Japan. He was a retainer of the famous warlords Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In his early years, he served Nobunaga since his mother was Nobunaga's foster mother.
USS Lyndon B. Johnson
USS Lyndon B. Johnson (DDG-1002) is the third and final Zumwalt-class destroyer built for the United States Navy. The contract to build her was awarded to Bath Iron Works located in Bath, Maine, on 15 September 2011. The award, along with funds for the construction of USS Michael Monsoor, was worth US$1.826 billion. On 16 April 2012, Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus announced the ship would be named Lyndon B. Johnson in honor of Lyndon B. Johnson, who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969. Johnson served in the Navy during World War II, when he was awarded the Silver Star, and ultimately reached the U.S. Naval Reserve rank of commander. DDG-1002 is the 34th ship named by the Navy after a U.S. president.

USS Michael Monsoor
USS Michael Monsoor (DDG-1001) is the second ship of the three-ship Zumwalt class of guided missile destroyers. The Zumwalt-class was designed as a multi-mission surface combatant for land attack and littoral operations with a mission of supporting both ground campaigns and the joint/naval battlespace. The main guns are a pair of Advanced Gun Systems (AGS). The Navy cancelled the ammunition procurement program for the only type of ammunition it can use, so the AGS cannot provide naval gunfire support and the Zumwalts were repurposed for surface warfare.
Heceta Beach, Oregon
Heceta Beach is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lane County, Oregon, United States, located west of U.S. Route 101 next to the Pacific Ocean. As of the 2020 census, Heceta Beach had a population of 1,912. It is the next settlement north of the Siuslaw River and Florence and is within the Florence urban growth boundary. Heceta Beach was platted in 1915. Lane County maintains a small county park there, with beach access, as well as restrooms and picnic tables.

Driftwood Shores, a hotel and conference center in Heceta Beach, was annexed to Florence in 2008.

Florence, Oregon
Florence is a coastal city in Lane County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies at the mouth of the Siuslaw River on the Pacific Ocean and about midway between Newport to the north and Coos Bay to the south along U.S. Route 101. As of August 14, 2023, the city had a total population of 9,553.
Cottage Grove, Wisconsin
Cottage Grove is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. Its population was 7,303 at the 2020 census. A suburb of Madison, it shares a school district with Monona. The village is located partially within the survey township of Cottage Grove.

The village was named from a settler's cottage in a grove near the village site.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
Villanova station (SEPTA Metro)
Villanova station is a SEPTA Metro rapid transit station near the campus of Villanova University in Radnor Township, Pennsylvania. It serves the Norristown High Speed Line (Route 100). All trains stop at Villanova. The station lies 7 track miles (11 km) from 69th Street Transit Center. The station has off-street parking available.

Villanova station lies east of the former Strafford Spur, which was closed by the Philadelphia and Western Railroad in 1956. The former right of way between Strafford and Radnor serves as the P&W Bicycle Trail.

Philadelphia and Western Railroad
The Philadelphia and Western Railroad was a high-speed, third rail-equipped, commuter-hauling interurban electric railroad operating in the western suburbs of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is now SEPTA's Norristown High Speed Line, though the Strafford spur has been abandoned. Part of the abandoned line within Radnor Township is now the Radnor Trail, a multi-use path or rail trail.
2018–19 UEFA Europa League group stage
The 2018–19 UEFA Europa League group stage began on 20 September and ended on 13 December 2018. A total of 48 teams competed in the group stage to decide 24 of the 32 places in the knockout phase of the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League.

2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying
2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying was the preliminary phase of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League, prior to the competition proper. Qualification consisted of the qualifying phase (preliminary and first to third rounds) and the play-off round. It began on 26 June and ended on 29 August 2018.

A total of 53 teams competed in the qualifying system of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League, with 43 teams in Champions Path and 10 teams in League Path. The six winners in the play-off round (four from Champions Path, two from League Path) advanced to the group stage, to join the 26 teams that entered the group stage.

Times are CEST (UTC+2), as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).
Mercha
Mercha (Hebrew: מֵרְכָא, also called מַאֲרִיךְ Maarich or מַאַרְכָא Maarcha) is a cantillation mark commonly found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books that are chanted.

Mercha is a conjunctive (mesharet) who precedes the following disjunctives (mafsikim):

Tifcha

Sof passuk

Munach Legarmeh

Pashta: Only when the mercha and the pashta are followed, without any syllable between them, as in הָיְתָ֥ה תֹ֙הוּ֙

Zarka: Same rule as the Pashta

Tevir: Only if there is one syllable  or less between the mercha and the tevir, as in מַעְיָ֥ן וּב֛וֹר .

In some codex, when the tevir is not preceded by a darga or a mercha, and has a meteg because of a hateph-vowel, the meteg is then replaced by a mercha, as in וְנָ֥תְנ֛ו

Mercha appears in the Torah 9117 times—the second most of any trope sounds. Only Tipcha occurs more often.

The Aramaic word מֵרְכָא translates into English as elongation.

Zarka (trope)
Zarka or zarqa (Hebrew: זַרְקָא, with variant English spellings) is a cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is usually found together with the Segol, with a Munach preceding either or both. The symbol for a Zarka is a 90 degrees rotated, inverted S. The Hebrew word זַרְקָא translates as "throwing" and the melody is ascending in Moroccan and Sefardic tradition (with two or one retracements respectively) and descending in the Ashkenazic.

Zarka is a third-level disjunctive (sar) which always precedes the Segol. Thus, Zarka is to the Segol what Pashta is to the Zakef katan and Tevir to the Tipcha.

The conjunctives and fourth-level disjunctives which precedes the Zarka are the same as for Pashta. Revia can also precedes the Zarka, as for Pashta, although we cannot find an alternation of Revia and Zarka as it exists concerning the Pashta.
Brachfield, Texas
Brachfield (formerly Murval and Needmore) is an unincorporated community in Rusk County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 40 in 2000. It is located within the Longview, Texas metropolitan area.

Rusk County, Texas
Rusk County is a county located in Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 52,214. Its county seat is Henderson. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson Rusk, a secretary of war of the Republic of Texas.

Rusk County is part of the Longview, Texas metropolitan area.
Gottfried Lengnich
Gottfried Lengnich (Polish: Gotfryd Lengnich) (4 December 1689 – 28 April 1774) was an 18th-century historian, lawyer and politician. He became known for writing the 9-volume History of Royal Prussia and for teaching Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of Poland.

Danzig law
Danzig law (German: Danziger Willkür; in Polish: Gdański Wilkierz ) was the official set of records of the self chosen laws of the city of Danzig (Gdańsk). In German, Willkür literally means creation by free will, thus self made laws and self chosen rulers unlike those that were Pflicht, a duty imposed by outside powers. For example it included the right to elect a mayor, or mayors, as initially there were separate Rechtstadt, Altstadt, Jungstadt settlements, literally law town, old town, young town. In effect since the 1300s to various degrees, it was codified in 1455 for recognition by the King of Poland, and remained until 1853, decades after Danzig became part of the Kingdom of Prussia.
NCERT textbook controversies
The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an apex resource organisation set up by the Government of India to assist and advise the central and state governments on academic matters related to school education. The model textbooks published by the council for adoption by school systems across India have sparked controversies over the years. The organisation has been accused of reflecting the political views of the party in power in the Government of India. At present, it is under scrutiny for saffronising school textbooks due to aligning their content with Hindutva views and engaging in historical revisionism.

Barun De
Barun De (30 October 1932 – 16 July 2013) was an Indian historian. He served as the first professor of social and economic history of the Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta, founder-director of the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta and the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies, Kolkata and as the honorary state editor for the West Bengal District Gazetteers. He was chairman of the West Bengal Heritage Commission.
Olympia High School (Olympia, Washington)
Olympia High School (OHS), commonly referred to as Oly, is a public high school in the southeast part of Olympia, Washington along the city's border with Tumwater. It is the oldest of two comprehensive high schools in the Olympia School District, and also one of the oldest public secondary schools in the state of Washington.

The Fleetwoods
The Fleetwoods were an American vocal group from Olympia, Washington, whose members were Gary Troxel (born November 28, 1939), Gretchen Christopher (born February 29, 1940), and Barbara Ellis (born February 20, 1940). In 1959, they twice topped the Billboard Hot 100 with their single hits "Come Softly to Me" and "Mr. Blue".
Shanti Mardi
Shanti Mardi (Bengali: শান্তি মার্ডি; Santali: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱫᱤ) is a Bangladeshi professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bangladesh Women's League club Bangladesh Army and the Bangladesh national team.

2025 SAFF U-20 Women's Championship
The 2025 SAFF U-20 Women's Championship was the sixth edition of the SAFF U-20 Women's Championship, an international football competition for women's under–20 national teams organized by South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). The tournament was played from 11–21 July 2025 in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Bangladesh won the title of the SAFF U–20 Women's Championship 2025 after finishing on the top table with Eighteen points and became the champions in this edition.
Kirkby Stephen railway station
Kirkby Stephen is a railway station in Cumbria, England, on the Settle and Carlisle Line, which runs between Carlisle and Leeds via Settle. The station is situated 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-west of the market town of Kirkby Stephen, just within the civil parish of Wharton, and also serves the nearby villages of Newbiggin-on-Lune and Ravenstonedale.  It lies 41 miles 35 chains (66.7 km) south of Carlisle, and is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Kirkby Stephen
Kirkby Stephen (/ˈkɜːrbi/) is a market town and civil parish in Cumbria, England. It lies on the A685 and is surrounded by sparsely populated hill country, about 25 miles (40 km) from the nearest larger towns, Kendal and Penrith. The River Eden rises 6 miles (10 km) away in the peat bogs below Hugh Seat and passes the eastern edge of the town. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,832. In 2011, it had a population of 1,822.

The name Kirkby derives from the Old Norse kirkju-býr meaning 'village with a church'. The Stephen part of the name is thought to derive from either the church (which may have previously been dedicated to St Stephen) or from a medieval abbot called Stephen.
CD155
CD155 (cluster of differentiation 155), also known as the poliovirus receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PVR gene. It is a transmembrane protein that is involved in forming junctions between neighboring cells. It is also the molecule that poliovirus uses to enter cells. The gene is specific to the primates.

Poliovirus
Poliovirus, the causative agent of polio (also known as poliomyelitis), is a serotype of the species Enterovirus C, in the family of Picornaviridae.  There are three poliovirus serotypes, numbered 1, 2, and 3.

Poliovirus is composed of an RNA genome and a protein capsid. The genome is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) genome that is about 7500 nucleotides long. The viral particle is about 30 nm in diameter with icosahedral symmetry. Because of its short genome and its simple composition—only a strand of RNA and a nonenveloped icosahedral protein coat encapsulating it—poliovirus is widely regarded as the simplest significant virus.

Poliovirus is one of the most well-characterized viruses, and has become a useful model system for understanding the biology of RNA viruses.
Sérgio Vieira de Mello
Sérgio Vieira de Mello (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɛʁʒju viˈejɾɐ dʒi ˈmɛlu]; 15 March 1948 – 19 August 2003) was a Brazilian United Nations diplomat who worked on several UN humanitarian and political programs for over 34 years. The Government of Brazil posthumously awarded the Sergio Vieira de Mello Medal to honor his legacy in promoting sustainable peace, international security and better living conditions for individuals in situations of armed conflict, challenges to which Sérgio Vieira de Mello had dedicated his life and career.

He was killed in the Canal Hotel bombing in Iraq along with 20 other members of his staff on 19 August 2003 while working as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, with the rank of Under-Secretary-General, and United Nations Special Representative for Iraq. Before his death, he was considered a likely candidate for UN Secretary-General.

Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations
An under-secretary-general of the United Nations (USG) is a senior official within the United Nations System, normally appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the secretary-general for a renewable term of four years. Under-secretary-general is the third highest rank in the United Nations, after the secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general. The rank is held by the heads of different UN entities, certain high officials of the United Nations Secretariat, and high-level envoys. The United Nations regards the rank as equal to that of a cabinet minister of a member state, and under-secretaries-general have diplomatic immunity under the UN Charter.
Razdel Point
Razdel Point (Bulgarian: нос Раздел, ‘Nos Razdel’ \'nos raz-'del\) is the ice-covered point on the southwest side of the entrance to Zapalnya Cove and northeast side of the entrance to Nikolov Cove on the southeast coast of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The point is named after the settlements of Razdel in Northeastern and Southeastern Bulgaria.

Zapalnya Cove
Zapalnya Cove (Bulgarian: залив Запалня, ‘Zaliv Zapalnya’ \'za-liv za-'pal-nya\) is the 1.37 km wide cove on Boyd Strait indenting for 550 m the southeast coast of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, and entered northeast of Razdel Point and southwest of Medovene Point.

The cove is named after the historical settlement of Zapalnya in Southern Bulgaria.