hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Survey meter
Survey meters in radiation protection are hand-held ionising radiation measurement instruments used to check such as personnel, equipment and the environment for radioactive contamination and ambient radiation.  The hand-held survey meter is probably the most familiar radiation measuring device owing to its wide and visible use.

Counts per minute
The measurement of ionizing radiation is sometimes expressed as being a rate of counts per unit time as registered by a radiation monitoring instrument, for which counts per minute (cpm) and counts per second (cps) are commonly used quantities.

Count rate measurements are associated with the detection of particles, such as alpha particles and beta particles. However, for gamma ray and X-ray dose measurements a unit such as the sievert is normally used.

Both cpm and cps are the rate of detection events registered by the measuring instrument, not the rate of emission from the source of radiation. For radioactive decay measurements it must not be confused with disintegrations per unit time (dpm), which represents the rate of atomic disintegration events at the source of the radiation.
Zhu Hongzhang
Zhu Hongzhang (Chinese: 朱洪章; pinyin: Zhū Hóngzhāng; 1832–1895), courtesy name Huanwen (煥文), posthumous name Wushen (武慎), was an official official and a military general of the Qing dynasty of China. Born in Liping, Guizhou, he joined the Xiang Army to fight against the Taiping Rebellion and to restore the stability of the Qing dynasty. He was one of the nine generals who led a force of 60,000 troops to recover Nanjing from the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in 1864. Zhu was awarded a third-class merit for the recovery of Nanjing for the Qing dynasty, after Commander Zeng Guoquan commended Zhu's work to the Qing government.

Zeng Guoquan
Zeng Guoquan (12 October 1824 – 13 November 1890), courtesy name Yuanfu, art name Shuchun, was a Chinese official and military leader of the late Qing dynasty. He was the ninth brother of Zeng Guofan, a prominent statesman and general, and a descendant of the philosopher Zengzi. He served in the Xiang Army, a standing military force organised by his brother to counter the Taiping rebels, and was nicknamed "Ninth Marshal" (九帥). He was known for his expertise in siege warfare, particularly the use of trenches, hence he was also nicknamed "Zeng the Iron Container" (曾鐵桶). During the conquest of Tianjing (Nanjing), the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Zeng was notorious for condoning massacres of the city populace, which resulted in him being called "Zeng the Butcher" (曾屠戶).
Escambia County Sheriff's Office (Florida)
The Escambia County Sheriff's Office (ECSO) or Escambia Sheriff's Office (ESO) is the primary law enforcement agency of unincorporated Escambia County and the town of Century. ECSO is headed by a sheriff, who serves a four-year term and is elected in a partisan election. The current sheriff is Chip W. Simmons.

Escambia County, Florida
Escambia County is the westernmost and oldest county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 321,905. The county seat and largest city is Pensacola. Escambia County is included within the Pensacola Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county population has steadily increased as the City of Pensacola and its surrounding bedroom communities continue to grow with residential and commercial development. The county is part of the Northwest Florida region of the state.
Alberta Highway 9
Highway 9 is a highway in south-central Alberta, Canada, which together with Saskatchewan Highway 7 connects Calgary with Saskatoon, Saskatchewan via Drumheller. It is designated as a core route of the National Highway System, forming a portion of an interprovincial corridor. Highway 9 spans approximately 324 kilometres (201 mi) from the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) east of Calgary to Alberta's  border with Saskatchewan.

Alberta Highway 1
Highway 1 is a major east–west highway in southern Alberta that forms the southern mainline of the Trans-Canada Highway. It runs from the British Columbia border at Kicking Horse Pass near Lake Louise through Alberta's largest city, Calgary, to the Saskatchewan border east of Medicine Hat. It continues as Highway 1 into Saskatchewan and Manitoba. It spans approximately 534 kilometres (332 mi) from Alberta's border with British Columbia in the west to its border with Saskatchewan in the east. Highway 1 is designated as a core route in Canada's National Highway System and is a core part of the developing Alberta Freeway Network.
Richea
Richea is a genus of  11 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. Nine of the species are endemic to Tasmania and the other two are endemic to the south-east of the Australian mainland.

Species include:

Richea acerosa (Lindl.) F.Muell.

Richea alpina Menadue

Richea continentis B.L.Burtt – Candle heath

Richea dracophylla R.Br. – Dragonleaf richea

Richea gunnii Hook.f. – Gunn's candle heath

Richea milliganii (Hook.f.) F.Muell. – Milligan's candle heath or nodding candle heath

Richea pandanifolia Hook.f. – Pandani or giant grass tree

Richea procera (F.Muell.) F.Muell. – Lowland richea

Richea scoparia Hook.f. – Scoparia

Richea sprengelioides (R.Br.) F.Muell.

Richea victoriana Menadue

Richea × curtisiae A.M.Gray

Richea procera
Richea procera, commonly known as the lowland richea or lax candleheath  is an erect, sparsely branched shrub endemic to Tasmania

This species is sometimes confused with Richea sprengelioides, however it can be distinguished by its larger, more flexible leaves and differences in flowering morphology.
Georgi Atanasov (politician)
Georgi Ivanov Atanasov (Bulgarian: Георги Иванов Атанасов; 25 July 1933 – 31 March 2022) was a Bulgarian politician and a leading member of the Bulgarian Communist Party who served as Prime Minister from 1986 to 1990. Atanasov supported the move to oust Todor Zhivkov as Chairman of the State Council, joining Petar Mladenov in leading the opposition. In November 1992, he was sentenced to ten years imprisonment for embezzlement, although he was pardoned in 1994.

Atanasov died at 31 March 2022, at the age of 88 in Sofia.

Petar Mladenov
Petar Toshev Mladenov (Bulgarian: Петър Тошев Младенов; 22 August 1936 – 31 May 2000) was a Bulgarian communist diplomat and politician. He was the last leader of the Bulgarian People's Republic from 1989 to 1990, and briefly the first President of the Bulgarian Republic in 1990.
Del Close
Del Close (March 9, 1934 – March 4, 1999) was an American actor, writer, and teacher who coached many of the best-known comedians and comic actors of the late twentieth century.  In addition to an acting career in television and film, he was one of the influences on modern improvisational theater. Close was co-founder of the ImprovOlympic (iO).

John Ostrander
John Ostrander (born April 20, 1949) is an American writer of comic books, including Suicide Squad, Grimjack and Star Wars: Legacy.

He co-created the Oracle persona for Barbara Gordon and created the second and modern version of the antihero/supervillain team the Suicide Squad, of which the films Suicide Squad (2016) and The Suicide Squad (2021) are based on.
USS Hilo
USS Hilo (AGP-2) was a converted yacht that saw service as a motor torpedo boat tender in the United States Navy during World War II. It was originally the yacht Caroline built for Eldridge R. Johnson and launched 18 July 1931. Caroline was at the time the second largest yacht and largest American built Diesel yacht. It was built with a laboratory as well as palatial quarters and was loaned and equipped by Johnson for the Johnson-Smithsonian Deep-Sea Expedition of 1933 that explored the Puerto Rico Trench. The yacht was sold in 1938 to William B. Leeds and renamed Moana replacing an earlier Leeds yacht of the same name.

It was purchased by the US Navy in 1941 and commissioned as USS Hilo, first designated as Patrol Gunboat (PG) 58 and then functioning and designated as Motor Torpedo Boat Tender (AGP) 2 supporting the torpedo boats for the duration of World War II.

Motor torpedo boat tender
Motor torpedo boat tender is a type of ship used by the U.S. Navy during World War II and Vietnam War. The motor torpedo boat tender's task was to act as a tender in remote areas for patrol boats (PT-boats) and to provide the necessary fuel and provisions for the torpedo boats she was responsible for. The type finds its root in the torpedo boat tender, developed in the 19th century.

This type of ship was classified as "AGP" and is sometimes called a "patrol craft tender."
Governor's School for the Arts
The Governor's School for the Arts is a regional secondary arts school sponsored by the Virginia Department of Education and the public school divisions of Chesapeake, Franklin, Isle of Wight County, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Southampton County, Suffolk, and Virginia Beach. It is one of 19 Virginian academic-year Governor's Schools and provides intensive educational opportunities for identified gifted students in instrumental music, vocal music, dance, musical theatre, theatre & film, and visual arts. The school is housed in the historic Monroe Building in downtown Norfolk.

Of the 97 student reviews of the School's programs on the School Report Site, Niche, all are average or above with 58 ranking the school as "excellent."

Governor's Schools (Virginia)
The Governor's Schools are a collection of regional magnet high schools and summer programs in the Commonwealth of Virginia intended for gifted students.

Virginia Governor's Schools provide some of the state's most able students academically and artistically challenging programs beyond those offered in their home schools. With the support of the Virginia Board of Education and the General Assembly,  the Governor's Schools currently serve in their various forms around 1000 gifted students from all parts of the commonwealth.
Beer in the Czech Republic
Beer (Czech: pivo) has a long history in what is now the Czech Republic, with brewing taking place in Břevnov Monastery in 993. The city of Brno had the right to brew beer from the 12th century, while Plzeň and České Budějovice (Pilsen and Budweis in German), had breweries in the 13th century.

The most common Czech beers are pale lagers of the pilsner type, with a transparent golden colour, high foaminess, and a lighter flavour. The Czech Republic has the highest beer consumption per capita in the world, though average consumption has declined in recent years. Non-alcoholic beers have grown rapidly in popularity, now making up around a tenth of domestic sales.

The largest Czech beer breweries are Pilsner Urquell (Plzeňský prazdroj, Gambrinus, Radegast, Master); Staropramen (Staropramen, Ostravar, Braník, Velvet); and Budweiser Budvar. Other top-selling brands include Krušovice, Starobrno, Březňák, Zlatopramen, Lobkowicz, Bernard, and Svijany.

Březňák
Březňák is a brand of a pilsner-type beer produced in Velké Březno near Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic. It has been brewed since 1753. Since 2008, the Velké Březno Brewery is owned by the Heineken N.V. group.
Angolan flying squid
The Angolan flying squid (Todarodes angolensis) is a species of squid from the subfamily Todarodinae, part of the family Ommastrephidae. Due to taxonomic confusion with the Antarctic flying squid the exact limits of its distribution are uncertain but it is thought to be restricted to waters off Southern Africa.

Antarctic flying squid
The Antarctic flying squid (Todarodes filippovae) is a species of squid from the subfamily Todarodinae of the family Ommastrephidae, a family of pelagic squid from the order Oegopsida. It has a circumglobal distribution in the seas around the lower latitudes of the Southern Ocean.
St Agnes, Cornwall
St Agnes (Cornish: Breanek) is a civil parish and town on the north coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village is about five miles (8.0 km) north of Redruth and ten miles (16 km) southwest of Newquay. An electoral ward exists stretching as far south as Blackwater. The population at the 2011 census was 7,565.

The town of St Agnes, a popular coastal tourist spot, lies on a main road between Redruth and Perranporth. It was a prehistoric and modern centre for mining of copper, tin and arsenic until the 1920s. Local industry has also included farming, fishing and quarrying, and more recently tourism.

The St Agnes district has a heritage of industrial archaeology and much of the landscape is of considerable geological interest. There are also stone-age remains in the parish. The manor of Tywarnhaile was one of the 17 Antiqua maneria of the Duchy of Cornwall.

Newquay
Newquay (/ˈnjuːki/ NEW-kee; Standard Written Form: Tewynblustri) is a town on the north coast in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is a civil parish, seaside resort, regional centre for aerospace industries with an airport and a spaceport, and a fishing port on the North Atlantic coast, approximately 12 miles (19 km) north of Truro and 20 miles (32 km) west of Bodmin.

The town is bounded to the south by the River Gannel and its associated salt marsh, and to the north-east by the Porth Valley. The western edge of the town meets the Atlantic at Fistral Bay. The town has been expanding inland (south) since the former fishing village of New Quay began to grow in the second half of the nineteenth century.

At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 23,626 and the population of the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics was 24,545.
North Island takahē
The North Island takahē (Māori: moho) (Porphyrio mantelli) is an extinct species of flightless swamphen that was native to the North Island of New Zealand. It is closely related to the living South Island takahē.

Swamphen
Porphyrio, also known as the swamphen or swamp hen, is a genus of semi-aquatic birds in the rail family Rallidae. It includes some smaller species of gallinules which are sometimes separated as genus Porphyrula or united with the gallinules proper (or "moorhens") in Gallinula. The Porphyrio gallinules are distributed in the warmer regions of the world. The group probably originated in Africa in the Middle Miocene, before spreading across the world in waves from the Late Miocene to Pleistocene.

The genus Porphyrio was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760 with the western swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio) as the type species.  The genus name Porphyrio is the Latin name for "swamphen".
Patrick Harper
Patrick Harper (born 28 January 2000) is an Australian tennis player.

Harper has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 1,673 achieved on 30 April 2018 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 115 achieved on 12 January 2026.

Harper has won three ATP Challenger doubles titles at the 2024 Knoxville Challenger and the Columbus Challenger, both with Johannus Monday, and the 2025 Queensland International II with Joshua Charlton.

Harper played college tennis at Tennessee, where he won the 2021 NCAA doubles title with Adam Walton.

Joshua Charlton
Joshua Charlton (born 29 July 1999) is an Australian tennis player. Charlton has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 751 achieved on 24 November 2025 and a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 183 achieved on 9 June 2025.

Charlton has won one ATP Challenger doubles title at the 2025 Queensland International II, partnering Patrick Harper to defeat Matt Hulme and James Watt in the final.

Charlton played college tennis at Oregon.
Haalderen
Haalderen is a village in the Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. The village is located in the Betuwe region, and belongs to the municipality of Lingewaard. Haalderen is situated along the rivers Waal and Linge. It has a population of 2,061 (1 January 2020).

Lingewaard
Lingewaard (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌlɪŋəˈʋaːrt] ⓘ) is a municipality in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in the province of Gelderland, in the most eastern part of the Betuwe. The municipality is situated in the lowlands between the major cities of Arnhem and Nijmegen, where many inhabitants work. Since 2021 it has been part of the Arnhem-Nijmegen Green Metropolitan Region (Dutch: Groene Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen), which aids planning and development in the region's eighteen municipalities.
True's Yard Fisherfolk Museum
True’s Yard Fisherfolk Museum is a social history museum in King's Lynn, Norfolk. It is an independent museum run almost entirely by volunteers and depicts the story of the old North End fishing quarter of King's Lynn. Support was received from the late Bernard Matthews and others. Most of the North End was knocked down in the slum clearances of the 1930s and 1960s.

King's Lynn
King's Lynn, known until 1537 as Bishop's Lynn and colloquially as Lynn, is a port and market town in the borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 36 miles (58 km) north-east of Peterborough, 44 miles (71 km) north-north-east of Cambridge, 44 miles (71 km) west of Norwich, and about 5 miles (8 km) inland from The Wash estuary.
Amour & Intérim (Lapinot)
Amour & Intérim (unofficial English translation: Love & Interim) is a comic strip in the series The spiffy adventures of McConey (Les formidables aventures de Lapinot in the original French language), by the French cartoonist Lewis Trondheim. It was first released in 1998 as volume 4 in the series.

This adventure takes place in modern France and uses the normal continuing storyline of the series. The plot deals with theological and moral issues, as well as containing plenty of humour.

The Spiffy Adventures of McConey
The Spiffy Adventures of McConey (Les formidables aventures de Lapinot in the original French language) is a Franco-Belgian comic series by the popular French cartoonist Lewis Trondheim. It debuted in 1992.

The series mixes satire and fantasy. The main characters are all animals: for instance McConey (Lapinot) is a shy and easygoing rabbit, while Richard is an engaging cat with a loud mouth and a knack for getting into trouble.

The stories alternate between modern France and stock historical settings. The recurring characters in the series can be thought of as actors who don't always play the same people, but always play the same type of roles. The series is generally unpredictable: each book is different in terms of pace, plot, theme, etc.

Out of the ten official volumes of the series, only two have been translated in English.
Brereton Hall
Brereton Hall is an Elizabethan prodigy house north of Brereton Green, next to St Oswald's Church in the civil parish of Brereton, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. Brereton is not open to the public.

Rocksavage
Rocksavage or Rock Savage was an Elizabethan mansion in Cheshire, England, which served as the primary seat of the Savage family. The house lies in ruins, at SJ526799 in Clifton (now a district of Runcorn). Built in the 1560s for Sir John Savage, Rocksavage was one of the great Elizabethan houses of the county, a leading example of the Elizabethan prodigy house; in 1674, it was the second largest house in Cheshire. James I visited in 1617. The house was abandoned after it passed into the Cholmondeley family early in the 18th century, and by 1782 only ruins remained.

Rocksavage comprised a sandstone quadrangle around a central courtyard, with paired octagonal towers flanking the main entrance. Only fragments of its garden and orchard walls are still standing; they are listed as Grade II.
Battle of Ogdensburg
The Battle of Ogdensburg was a battle of the War of 1812. The British gained a victory over the Americans and captured the village of Ogdensburg, New York.  Although small in scale, it removed the American threat to British supply lines for the remainder of the war.

Glengarry Light Infantry
The Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles were a light infantry unit, raised chiefly in the Glengarry District of Upper Canada shortly before the outbreak of the Anglo-American War of 1812. The unit fought throughout the war, and was disbanded shortly afterwards.
Bacterial kidney disease
Bacterial kidney disease (BKD, also known as white boil disease) is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Renibacterium salmoninarum. The disease affects populations of wild salmonid. BKD was originally discovered in the Scottish rivers of Dee and Spey in 1933.

Renibacterium salmoninarum
Renibacterium salmoninarum is a member of the Micrococcaceae family. It is a Gram-positive, intracellular bacterium that causes disease in young salmonid fish. The infection is most commonly known as "bacterial kidney disease" but may also be referred to as BKD, White Boil Disease, Dee Disease, Salmonid Kidney Disease and Corynebacterial Kidney Disease. It is of significant ecologic importance due to its effect on both farmed and wild salmonids. The disease is found in North America, Europe, Japan, Chile and Scandinavia, and is spread both vertically and horizontally. Pacific salmon appear to be the most susceptible to the disease.
2012 Oregon elections
On November 6, 2012, the U.S. state of Oregon held statewide general elections for four statewide offices (secretary of state, attorney general, treasurer, and commissioner of labor), both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly, and several state ballot measures.

The primary elections were held on May 15, 2012. Both elections also included national races for President of the United States and five U.S. House Representatives. Numerous local jurisdictions — cities, counties, and regional government entities — held elections for various local offices and ballot measures on these days as well.

2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon
The 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012, to elect the five U.S. representatives from the state of Oregon, apportioned according to the 2010 United States census. The elections coincided with the elections of other federal and state offices, including a quadrennial presidential election.  All five incumbents, four Democrats and one Republican, were re-elected to another term.

Primary elections for Democrats and Republicans were held on May 15, 2012; other parties had other nominating procedures. Several candidates received nominations for multiple parties, as permitted by Oregon law.
Eobaatar
Eobaatar is a genus of extinct mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. A member of the also extinct order Multituberculata, it lies within the suborder Plagiaulacida and family Eobaataridae. The genus Eobaatar was named by Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Dashzeveg D. and Trofimov B.A. in 1987. Its name was made from Greek "eos" = "dawn" and Mongolian "baatar" = "hero"", "warrior".

Plagiaulacida
Plagiaulacida is a group of extinct multituberculate mammals. Multituberculates were among the most common mammals of the Mesozoic, "the age of the dinosaurs". Plagiaulacids are a paraphyletic grouping, containing all multituberculates that lie outside of the advanced group Cimolodonta. They ranged from the Middle Jurassic Period to the early Late Cretaceous of the Northern Hemisphere. During the Cenomanian, they were replaced by the more advanced cimolodontans.

Kielan-Jaworowska and Hurum (2001) divides "Plagiaulacida" into three informal lineages, the paulchoffatiids, the plagiaulicids, and the allodontids.
Christine, North Dakota
Christine is a city in Richland County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 151 at the 2020 census. Christine was founded in 1883. It is part of the Wahpeton, ND–MN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Wahpeton micropolitan area
The Wahpeton Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in southeast North Dakota and one in west central Minnesota, anchored by the city of Wahpeton, North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, the μSA had a population of 22,897.

The Wahpeton Micropolitan Statistical Area is a component of the Fargo–Wahpeton, ND-MN Combined Statistical Area.