hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
W. J. Perry
William James Perry (1887–1949), usually known as W. J. Perry, was an academic in cultural anthropology at University College, London.

Megalith culture, according to him, was transmitted to the rest of the world from Egypt.

He was a convinced hyperdiffusionist and collaborated with Grafton Elliot Smith. He was also interested in the history of religion. His daughter, a chemist, Margaret, married the eminent physiologist, Professor Robert Harkness.

Cultural diffusion
In cultural anthropology and cultural geography, cultural diffusion, as conceptualized by Leo Frobenius in his 1897/98 publication "Der westafrikanische Kulturkreis",
is the spread of cultural items—such as ideas, styles, art,
religions, technologies, languages—between individuals, whether within a single culture or from one culture to another.
It is distinct from the diffusion of innovations within a specific culture. Examples of cultural diffusion include the spread of the war chariot and of iron smelting in ancient times, and the use of automobiles and Western business suits in the 20th century.
Proclamation of Dungannon
The Proclamation of Dungannon was a document produced by Sir Phelim O'Neill on 24 October 1641 in the Irish town of Dungannon. O'Neill was one of the leaders of the Irish Rebellion, which had been launched the previous day. O'Neill's Proclamation set out a justification of the uprising. He claimed to have been given a commission signed and sealed on 1 October by the King of Ireland Charles I that commanded him to lead Irish Catholics in defence of the Kingdom of Ireland against Protestants who sympathised with Charles's opponents in the Parliament of England.

Felim O'Neill of Kinard
Sir Phelim Roe O'Neill of Kinard (Irish: Sir Féilim Rua Ó Néill na Ceann Ard; 1604–1653) was an Irish politician and soldier who started the Irish rebellion in Ulster on 23 October 1641. He joined the Irish Catholic Confederation in 1642 and fought in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms under his cousin, Owen Roe O'Neill, in the Confederate Ulster Army. After the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland O’Neill went into hiding but was captured, tried and executed in 1653.
2011 PBA All-Star Weekend
The 2011 PBA All-Star Weekend was the annual all-star weekend of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA)'s 2010–11 PBA season. The events were held from May 18 to 23, 2011 at the Boracay Convention Center, Boracay, Aklan.

2010–11 PBA season
The 2010–11 PBA season was the 36th season of the Philippine Basketball Association. It started on October 3, 2010 and ended on August 21, 2011. The season marked the return of the original three-conference format, starting with the Philippine Cup, or the traditional All-Filipino Conference. The import-laden Commissioner's Cup returned as the second tournament, while the Governors' Cup also returned, serving as the third conference which also served as an import-laden tournament.

The first activity of the season is the 2010 PBA Draft held on August 29 at the Market! Market! in Taguig.
Alloa Ferry railway station
Alloa Ferry station was the terminus on the Stirling and Dunfermline Railway (S&DR) Alloa Harbour branch line that ran from Alloa. It opened on 3 June 1851, running down the east side of Glasshouse Loan to 150 yards (140 m) short of the ferry pier. The end of the branch was described in a local newspaper as where "an extensive goods shed has been erected and a comically diminutive station house has been put up".

Alloa Ferry station closed on 1 July 1852 when the line from Alloa to Stirling was opened. The line closed on 28 February 1968 when the goods service to the harbour was withdrawn.

Alloa railway station
Alloa railway station is a railway station in Alloa, Clackmannanshire, Scotland.

The station was first opened in 1850 and operated until 1968. The original station building from 1850 was replaced by a new structure in 1887, which was demolished following the closure and removal of the railway lines in 1968.

The Scottish Executive funded the construction of a new railway line between Stirling and Alloa in the early 2000s, and the station was reopened on May 19, 2008.
Novoseoci massacre
The Novoseoci massacre was the mass murder of 45 Bosniak civilians (44 male, one female) from the neighboring villages of Novoseoci and Pavičići on 22 September 1992, during the Bosnian War. The massacre was committed by the 2nd Romanija Motorized Brigade of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). It consisted of a murder of a woman in Novoseoci, Sokolac municipality, and massacre of 44 men and boys at the Ivan Polje landfill on the way to Rogatica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Members of the VRS killed a woman in the village, then transported 44 men and boys to the 6 kilometers away Ivan Polje landfill, where they shot them dead in two groups. Exhumation at the landfill revealed additional eight victims from Han Stjenica, Rogatica municipality. Smaller number of sources state that civilians were killed on a meadow in Novoseoci – on the spot, and later transported to Ivan polje. Serb authorities made a landfill over the bodies for local settlements to cover the crime.

Novoseoci
Novoseoci (Serbian Cyrillic: Новосеоци) is a village in the municipality of Sokolac, Bosnia and Herzegovina with cold and temperate climate.

The settlement's population is completely Bosniak and is mainly engaged in animal breeding and agriculture. Before the Bosnian War, the settlement was compact with about 40 houses.
Bill Pohlad
Bill Pohlad is an American film producer and director. He is the son of Mary Eloise (O'Rourke) and billionaire financier Carl Pohlad, who owned the Minnesota Twins baseball franchise from 1984 until his death in 2009. He has two brothers: Jim Pohlad, who took over as the team's principal owner upon their father's death; and Bob Pohlad, owner of NorthMarq Capital.

Carl Pohlad
Carl Ray Pohlad (August 23, 1915 – January 5, 2009) was an American financier from Minnesota. Pohlad is best known as the owner of the Minnesota Twins baseball franchise from 1984 (succeeding Calvin Griffith) until his death in 2009.

In 2009, Pohlad had an estimated net worth of $3.6 billion, placing him 102nd on the annual Forbes 400 list of the wealthiest Americans.
Flowery Field railway station
Flowery Field railway station serves the Flowery Field area of Hyde, Greater Manchester, England. It is 7 miles (11 km) east of Manchester Piccadilly on the Manchester-Glossop Line.  The station is managed by Northern Trains.

The station was opened in 1985 and is mainly a wooden structure, similar in design to Godley railway station, which is also on the Glossop Line.  The station was opened by British Rail.

As part of the failed Manchester TIF bid,  the station would have been refurbished with CCTV, real-time passenger information and additional seating and shelters.  The bid failed after residents of Greater Manchester voted against the congestion charge. However, funding was secured from Transport for Greater Manchester in 2011, for the installation of CCTV, Customer Information Screens, a Public Announcement System and Help Points.

Hyde, Greater Manchester
Hyde is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. The built-up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 35,895 at the 2021 census. The town lies 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Stockport, 6 miles (10 km) west of Glossop and 6.5 miles (10 km) east of Manchester.
Fertőd
Fertőd (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈfɛrtøːd]) is a town in the Győr-Moson-Sopron county of Hungary, not far from Austria. Fertőd was formed when the towns of Eszterháza and Süttör were unified, in 1950.

It is the location of one of Hungary's best known palaces, Eszterháza, which was built in the 1760s by Prince Prince Nikolaus I Esterházy of the influential Esterházy family.

Prince Nikolaus IV Esterházy († 1920), his wife Margit († 1910), their son Anton († 1944) and other family members are buried in the Esterházy family cemetery in Fertőd, which is located in a small park around two kilometers northeast of the Eszterháza Palace (position: 47°38′08.1″N 16°53′04.8″E﻿ / ﻿47.635583°N 16.884667°E﻿ / 47.635583; 16.884667﻿ (Esterházy family cemetery, Fertőd)).

Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy
Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy (Hungarian: Esterházy I. Miklós, German: Nikolaus I. Joseph Fürst Esterhazy; 18 December 1714 – 28 September 1790) was a Hungarian prince, a member of the famous Esterházy family. His building of palaces, extravagant clothing, and taste for opera and other grand musical productions led to his being given the title "the Magnificent". He is remembered as the principal employer of the composer Joseph Haydn.
Center for Military History and Social Sciences of the Bundeswehr
The Bundeswehr Centre of Military History and Social Sciences (Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr, abbreviated as ZMSBw) is a German research institution focused on military history and social sciences. Located in Potsdam, it is a part of Germany's Federal Ministry of Defence. The organisation was formed in 2013 by merging the Military History Research Office (MGFA) and the 
Bundeswehr Institute of Social Sciences and is subordinate to the Center of Leadership Culture.

Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of Defence (German: Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsminɪsˌteːʁiʊm deːɐ̯ fɐˈtaɪdɪɡʊŋ] ⓘ; abbreviated BMVg) is a top-level federal agency, headed by the Federal Minister of Defence as a member of the Cabinet of Germany. The ministry is headquartered at the Hardthöhe barracks itself located at the Hardthöhe district in Bonn and has a second office in the Bendlerblock building in Berlin, which is occasionally used as a metonym to denote the entire Ministry.

According to Article 65a of the German Constitution (Grundgesetz), the Federal Minister of Defence is Commander-in-chief of the Bundeswehr, the German armed forces, with around 260,953 active soldiers and civilians. Article 115b decrees that in the state of defence, declared by the Bundestag with consent of the Bundesrat, the command in chief passes to the Chancellor. The ministry currently has approximately 2,000 employees.
Ovaro
Ovaro (Friulian: Davâr) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Udine. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,166 and an area of 57.8 square kilometres (22.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Ovaro contains the frazioni (boroughs) Agrons, Cella, Chialina, Clavais, Cludinico, Entrampo, Lenzone, Liariis, Luincis, Luint, Mione, Muina, and Ovasta.

Ovaro borders the following municipalities: Ampezzo, Comeglians, Lauco, Prato Carnico, Ravascletto, Raveo, Sauris, Socchieve, Sutrio.

Prato Carnico
Prato Carnico (Friulian: Prât di Cjargne, locally Prât) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Udine. As of 9 October 2011, it had a population of 927 and an area of 81.3 square kilometres (31.4 sq mi).

Prato Carnico borders the following municipalities: Comeglians, Forni Avoltri, Ovaro, Rigolato, Sappada, Sauris, Vigo di Cadore.
Buster Pearson
Stedman "Buster" Pearson (4 May 1941 – 14 October 2012) was a British businessman and producer, and the father and former manager of the pop group Five Star. He also owned and ran a number of record labels, most notably the 1970s reggae label K&B Records and the 1980s R&B/dance label Tent Records. He moved to the UK in the late 1960s and toured as a guitarist with soul and reggae artists such as Otis Redding, Jimmy Cliff, Wilson Pickett and Desmond Dekker. He was married to Delores (née Ogeare), mother of Five Star, who also helped with his music businesses.

Five Star
Five Star (also styled as 5 Star) were a British pop group, formed in 1983 and comprising siblings Stedman, Lorraine, Denise, Doris, and Delroy Pearson. From 1985 to 1988, Five Star had four top-20 albums and 15 top-40 singles in the UK, including the top-10 hits "System Addict" (1986), "Can't Wait Another Minute" (1986), "Find the Time" (1986), "Rain or Shine" (1986), "Stay Out of My Life" (1987) and "The Slightest Touch" (1987). They won the 1987 Brit Award for Best British Group.
Illawalla
Illawalla was an Edwardian building in the Skippool area of Thornton, Lancashire, England. Built in 1902, it was demolished in 1996, after lying derelict for six years, to make way for three exclusive homes. Its name is preserved in the name of the road on which these houses now stand (The Illawalla) and also in the name of the adjacent cricket club (Thornton Cleveleys Cricket Club Illawalla), whose grounds partly occupy the land Illawalla stood on.

Illawalla in Aboriginal Australian means the house of plenty. It is believed James Frederick Emery, one of the early owners of the property, gave it this name to reflect his spell as a government official in Australia.

Thornton, Lancashire
Thornton is a village in the Borough of Wyre, about 4 miles (6 km) north of Blackpool and  2 miles (3 km) south of Fleetwood. The civil parish of Thornton became an urban district in 1900, and was renamed Thornton-Cleveleys in 1927. In 2011, the Thornton built-up area sub division had a population of 18,941.
Bernadette Heerwagen
Bernadette Heerwagen (born 22 June 1977) is a German actress. She began acting at the age of 16, and has since co-starred in the 1999 production Der Schandfleck, for which she was awarded the Bayerischer Fernsehpreis Sonderpreis in 2000.

She went on to appear in a variety of leading and supporting roles in German and Austrian television, films, dramas and European cinema. In 2004 her leading performance in Grüße aus Kaschmir took her to greater prominence within Germany and France.

She has twice won Best Actress award at the Adolf-Grimme-Preis, in 2005 and 2008, and has won Best Actress at the Bayerischer Fernsehpreis (aka Bavarian TV Awards) in 2000. In 2010, she starred in The Coming Days alongside Daniel Brühl and earned the nomination for Best Leading Actress at the German Film Awards in 2011.

Heerwagen has one brother, Philipp Heerwagen, born in 1983, who is a professional soccer player for the German football team FC Ingolstadt.

Joy Division (2006 film)
Joy Division is a 2006 British-German-Hungarian film directed by Reg Traviss. The story is a fictional biopic which follows the life of a boy in Germany at the end of World War II into his adulthood in Russia and London during the Cold War. The script was written by Reg Traviss and Rosemary Mason and went into production in 2004 after completion of Traviss' short film JD Pilot in 2003, based upon the same script and which also starred Ed Stoppard in the role of adult Thomas. Joy Division was shown for the film industry at the Cannes Film Festival European Film Market and at the American Film Market in 2005. It was invited to screen at the Copenhagen International Film Festival in 2006 and was released theatrically in the United Kingdom in November 2006.
KAOS (software development)
KAOS, is a goal-oriented software requirements capturing approach in requirements engineering. It is a specific Goal modeling method; another is i*. It allows for requirements to be calculated from goal diagrams. KAOS stands for Knowledge Acquisition in automated specification or Keep All Objectives Satisfied.

The University of Oregon and the University of Louvain (Belgium) designed the KAOS methodology in 1990 by Axel van Lamsweerde and others. It is taught worldwide at the university level  for capturing software requirements.

There is lack of evidence that KAOS is used in the industry and as of February 2023, the only tool supporting it is Objectiver, written by the same group behind the KAOS methodology, with the latest release 3.0c47 dated at March 9th, 2012.

Goal modeling
A goal model is an element of requirements engineering that may also be used more widely in business analysis. Related elements include stakeholder analysis, context analysis, and scenarios, among other business and technical areas.
Cooper Wiring Devices
Cooper Wiring Devices is a division of Cooper Industries and provides a range of residential, institutional and industrial grade electrical devices and wiring for consumers and building contractors. The company is the successor to both Arrow-Hart & Hegeman and Eagle Electric, both of which Cooper Industries had acquired. The Arrow-Hart brand is still used by Cooper Wiring Devices for some of their commercial products.

In 2005, Cooper Industries acquired the Torrance, CA-based company Novitas Inc. (occupancy sensors, switch packs and accessories) and merged it into Cooper Wiring Devices.

Cooper Wiring's key competitors today include Hubbell, Leviton, Legrand and Lutron Electronics Company.

Cooper Industries has been acquired by Eaton in 2012.

Legrand (company)
Legrand S.A. is a French industrial group historically based in Limoges in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.

Legrand is established in 90 countries and its products are distributed in nearly 180 countries. It generates 85% of its sales internationally. The group has expanded its product range in sustainable development and energy saving technologies, and has developed new products for EV charging/electric vehicles, lighting control and data centers.
Scottish Landfill Tax
Scottish Landfill Tax (SLfT) is a tax which is charged in Scotland under the Landfill Tax (Scotland) Act 2014. It replaced the UK Landfill Tax from 1 April 2015.

Revenue Scotland administers and collects SLfT with support from the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA).

The rates of Scottish Landfill Tax (given in £/tonne) are £84.40 (standard rate) and £2.65 (lower rate) from 1 April 2016, increased from the preceding year's rates of £82.60 and £2.60 respectively. The rates for the 2019–20 year will increase to £91.35 (standard rate) and £2.90 (lower rate)

Revenue Scotland
Revenue Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Teachd-a-steach Alba) is a non-ministerial office of the Scottish Government responsible for the administration and collection of devolved taxes in Scotland. It is accountable to the Scottish Parliament.
Amy Beach
Amy Marcy Cheney Beach (September 5, 1867 – December 27, 1944) was an American composer and pianist. She was the first successful American female composer of large-scale art music. Her "Gaelic" Symphony, premiered by the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1896, was the first symphony composed and published by an American woman. She was one of the first American composers of her era to succeed without the benefit of European training, and was known as one of the most respected and acclaimed American composers. As a pianist, she was acclaimed for concerts she gave featuring her own music in the United States and in Germany.

Second New England School
The Second New England School or New England Classicists (sometimes specifically the Boston Six) is a name given by music historians to a group of classical-music composers who lived during the late-19th and early-20th centuries in New England, United States. More specifically, they were based in and around Boston, Massachusetts, then an emerging musical center. The Second New England School is viewed by musicologists as pivotal in the development of an American classical idiom that stands apart from its European ancestors.
Abam Bocey
Syed Umar Mokhtar bin Syed Mohd Redzuan or better known as Abam Bocey (19 January 1988 – 10 February 2020) was a Malaysian comedian, actor and member of the group Bocey with Fad and Achey. He was a former participant in the first season of Bintang Mencari Bintang broadcast on TV3. Abam is also famous for the slogan 'Fat is Awesome' because of his large body.

Fad Bocey
Muhammad Fadzlie Mohd Nizam or better known as Fad Bocey (born 13 February 1991) is a Malaysian comedian, actor, host and radio presenter. He is a member of the group Bocey with Achey and Abam. He is also a former participant in the first season of the reality TV show Bintang Mencari Bintang published by TV3.
Gregory Mandel
Gregory Mandel is Provost and Laura H. Carnell Professor of Law at Temple University.  He previously served as Dean of the Temple University Beasley School of Law. He succeeded former Provost JoAnne A. Epps, who returned to the faculty of the Temple University Beasley School of Law before being named acting president of the university in 2023 and dying in office later that year.

Temple University Beasley School of Law
The Temple University Beasley School of Law (formally the James E. Beasley School of Law of Temple University) is the law school of Temple University, a public research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1895 and enrolls about 650 students.
Yale-Myers Forest
The Yale-Myers Forest is a 7,840-acre (32 km2) forest in Northeastern Connecticut owned by Yale University and administered by the Yale School of the Environment. Located in the towns of Union, Ashford, Eastford, and Woodstock, the forest is reputed to be the largest private landholding in the state.

The Yale-Myers Forest is managed according to a philosophy of multiple uses, with scientific research and teaching balanced with commercial timber production. The forest is traversed by the hiking path known as the Nipmuck Trail; this route is the only public access allowed except for permitted hunting in season.

The Yale-Myers Forest is a component of the Yale Forests system, which also includes the 1,100-acre (4.5 km2) Yale-Toumey Forest in the towns of Swanzey and Keene in New Hampshire, and the 462-acre (1.9 km2) Bowen Forest in Mount Holly, Vermont.

Boston Hollow is part of the Yale-Myers Forest.

Ashford, Connecticut
Ashford is a town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 4,191 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1714. Eastford was a part of Ashford until 1847, when the former split off to organize its own town. For this reason, North Ashford is located in northeast Eastford.

Ashford is home to the largest Boy Scout camp in Connecticut, the June Norcross Webster Scout Reservation; to Paul Newman's Hole in the Wall Gang Camp for children with cancer and other serious illnesses; to the Salvation Army CONNRI Lodge and Conference Center; and to the Evangelical Christian Center, a retreat, camp and conference center.
George Pirie (politician)
George Pirie MPP is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 2022 provincial election. He represents the riding of Timmins as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario. He defeated Gilles Bisson who was first elected in 1990, taking the seat from the Ontario New Democratic Party for the first time in 32 years.

At the time of his election as MPP, Pirie had been Mayor of Timmins since 2018.

Gilles Bisson
Gilles C. Bisson  (born May 14, 1957) is a Franco-Ontarian politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 until his defeat in the 2022 Ontario general election. From 1999 to 2022 he represented the northern riding of Timmins.
Georgia's 50th Senate district
District 50 of the Georgia Senate elects one member of the Georgia State Senate. It contains Banks, Franklin, Habersham, Rabun, Stephens and Towns counties, as well as parts of Hall, Jackson, and White counties.

Hall County, Georgia
Hall County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 203,136, up from 179,684 at the 2010 census. The county seat is Gainesville. The entirety of Hall County comprises the Gainesville, Georgia, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, Combined Statistical Area.