hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glutamate-5-semialdehyde
Glutamate-5-semialdehyde is a non-proteinogenic amino acid involved in both the biosynthesis and degradation of proline and arginine (via ornithine), as well as in the biosynthesis of antibiotics, such as carbapenems. It is synthesized by the reduction of glutamyl-5-phosphate by glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase. In solution in water, the aldehyde is in chemical equilibrium with (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid and this is the form in which many of its biochemical reactions occur.

Reduction of glutamic acid semialdehyde with sodium borohydride gives hydroxyaminovaleric acid.

Proline
Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group -NH2 but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the protonated form (NH2+) under biological conditions, while the carboxyl group is in the deprotonated −COO− form. The "side chain" from the α carbon connects to the nitrogen forming a pyrrolidine loop, classifying it as a aliphatic amino acid. It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting with CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG).

Proline is the only proteinogenic amino acid which is a secondary amine, as the nitrogen atom is attached both to the α-carbon and to a chain of three carbons that together form a five-membered ring.
Yli
Yli is a village in Notodden Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the west of the town of Notodden and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the southeast of the village of Heddal. The river Heddøla flows past the village just before emptying into the lake Heddalsvatnet about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) east of the village.

The 0.24-square-kilometre (59-acre) village has a population (2022) of 291 and a population density of 1,198 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,100/sq mi).

Notodden Airport and the European route E134 highway are both located just north of the village.

Heddalsvatnet
Heddalsvatnet (English: Lake Heddal) is a lake in Notodden Municipality and Midt-Telemark Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The 13.2-square-kilometre (5.1 sq mi) lake is located just south of the town of Notodden. The village of Heddal and the Heddalen valley are located to the northwest of the lake.
12th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery
The 12th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery was a territorial air defence regiment of the New Zealand Army. It was formed in 1956 from the heavy batteries of the 13th and 14th Composite Anti-Aircraft Regiments, based in Auckland and Wellington respectively, as well as an independent battery based in Christchurch (formerly of 15th Composite Anti-Aircraft Regiments which had been disbanded in 1954). The 12th Heavy Anti-Aircraft regiment was disbanded in 1961.

14th Composite Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery
The 14th Composite Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery was a territorial air defence regiment of the New Zealand Army. The regiment was formed in 1948 and disbanded in 1956, with its heavy battery being transferred to the newly formed 12th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment.
Tokimonsta
Jennifer Lee (born January 26, 1987), known professionally as Tokimonsta (stylized as TOKiMONSTA), is an American record producer and DJ based in Los Angeles. She has collaborated with artists such as Anderson .Paak, EarthGang, Isaiah Rashad, Selah Sue, and ZHU. Additionally, she has published a number of official remixes, a few being Beck, Duran Duran, Olafur Arnalds, Disclosure, Sia, the Squid Game theme, and Odesza.

In 2019, TOKiMONSTA was nominated for "Best Dance / Electronic Album" at the Grammy Awards for her album Lune Rouge. She was the first female Asian-American producer to receive a nomination in this category.

Suzi Analogue
Maya Simone Shipman (born August 16, 1987), known professionally as Suzi Analogue, is an American recording artist, musician, and songwriter based in New York City. She is a former member of Klipmode alongside Mndsgn, Devonwho, & Knxwledge; with many collaborations between them during the rise of the international beatmaking culture.

Suzi Analogue credits her name to the alter-ego of RZA, Bobby Digital, one of her favorite hip-hop producers. Her style fuses soul, hip-hop lyrics, and vocal processes characterized by synthesizers and electronic bass instruments.
Church of All Saints, Willian
The Church of All Saints is the Anglican parish church for the village of Willian in Hertfordshire. The benefice is united with St Paul's church in nearby Letchworth, although each church has its own parish. It is in the Diocese of St Albans.  The church has been a Grade II* listed building since 1954.

Willian, Hertfordshire
Willian is a village adjoining the southern edge of town of Letchworth, in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. Along with Norton and Old Letchworth, it is one of the original three villages around which the garden city of Letchworth was created. Despite this, the village retains a separate character to the rest of Letchworth Garden City.
Lao Ai
Lao Ai (Chinese: 嫪毐; pinyin: Lào Ǎi; died 238 BCE) was an imposter eunuch and official of the State of Qin during the late Warring States period. Allegedly falsifying his castration in order to gain entry into the court of Qin, he became the favorite of Queen Dowager Zhao, the mother of Qin Shi Huang, later the First Emperor of China. He was enfeoffed as Marquis of Changxin (長信侯). After a conspiracy to incite rebellion was uncovered, he was executed by Qin Shi Huang.

Since the conspiracy and downfall of Lao Ai, his sexual misdeeds have become a fixture in the traditional moralizing discourse of intellectuals in imperial China, and his very surname and style name, which meant "lustful misdeed" in Old Chinese, has become a byword for "fornicators" in the classical Chinese language.

Queen Dowager Zhao
Zhao Ji (Chinese: 趙姬; lit. 'Consort Zhao'; c. 280–228 BC), personal name unknown, was the wife of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and the mother of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. Upon her marriage, she was the Lady Zhao; after the king's death, she was the Queen Dowager (Chinese: 太后).
Euryomma arcuata
Euryomma arcuata is a species of fly in the genus Euryomma. It was first described by James Gordon Thomas Chillcott in 1961. It occurs in North America. Its occipital bristles are long with a full postoccipital row.

Euryomma (fly)
Euryomma is a genus of species of flies of the family Fanniidae.  The genus was originally proposed by the entomologist Paul Stein in 1899. Although at that time most authorities placed them in the family Muscidae. The distribution of Euryomma is mainly Neotropical, on the whole restricted to the Americas, there is also one Nearctic species, the exception being of the very cosmopolitan E. peregrinum (Meigen, 1826)
Hohenzollern Redoubt
The Hohenzollern Redoubt (Hohenzollernwerk) was a strongpoint of the German 6th Army on the Western Front during the First World War, at Auchy-les-Mines near Loos-en-Gohelle in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France. Named after the House of Hohenzollern, the redoubt was fought for by German and British forces. Engagements took place from the Battle of Loos (25 September – 14 October 1915) to the beginning of the Battle of the Somme on 1 July 1916, including the action of the Hohenzollern Redoubt in 1915 and the British Attack at the Hohenzollern Redoubt from 2 to 18 March 1916.

Geoffrey Vickers
Colonel Sir Charles Geoffrey Vickers, VC (13 October 1894 – 16 March 1982) was an English lawyer, administrator, writer and pioneering systems scientist. He had varied interests with roles at different times with the London Passenger Transport Board, Law Society, Medical Research Council and Mental Health Research Fund. In the later years he wrote and lectured on social systems analysis and the complex patterns of social organisation. The Sir Geoffrey Vickers Memorial Award has been presented by the International Society for the Systems Sciences since 1987 in his memory.

He was awarded the Victoria Cross in World War I while serving in The Sherwood Foresters, and was knighted following World War II, during which he served as Deputy Director General at the Ministry of Economic Warfare, in charge of economic intelligence and as a member of the Joint Intelligence Committee.
Tyrone Spong
Tyrone Clinton Spong (born 3 September 1985) is a Surinamese-Dutch professional boxer and mixed martial artist and former kickboxer. As a boxer, he held the WBC and WBO Latino heavyweight titles in 2018. In kickboxing, he is the former WFCA cruiserweight champion, Glory 95kg Slam Champion and It's Showtime 95MAX World champion.

2013 in Glory
The year 2013 was the second year in the history of Glory, an international kickboxing event. 2013 starts with 2013 Road to Glory USA 95 kg Tournament, and ends with Glory 13: Tokyo. The events were broadcast through television agreements with Spike TV and other regional channels around the world.
Auto Guangzhou
China (Guangzhou) International Automobile Exhibition (Chinese: 中国(广州)国际汽车展览会), also called Guangzhou International Motor Show (Chinese: 广州国际汽车展览会) or Auto Guangzhou (simplified Chinese: 广州汽车展; traditional Chinese: 廣州汽車展; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu qìchē zhǎn), is an auto show held by Guangzhou Zhanlian Exhibition Service Co., Ltd, in November and December every year in the Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, China. It is not a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles.

Toyota Corolla Cross
The Toyota Corolla Cross (Japanese: トヨタ・カローラクロス, Hepburn: Toyota Karōra Kurosu) is a compact crossover SUV produced by the Japanese automaker Toyota since 2020. Adopting the Corolla nameplate, it is positioned as a more practical and larger alternative to the C-HR and is built on the same TNGA-C (GA-C) platform as the C-HR and E210 series Corolla. By size, the Corolla Cross is positioned between the smaller C-HR and the larger RAV4 in Toyota's global crossover SUV lineup.

It was first unveiled in Thailand in July 2020, along with other Southeast Asian markets and Taiwan in the same year, while its introduction in other markets started in 2021.

The twin model of the Corolla Cross, called the Toyota Frontlander (Chinese: 锋兰达; pinyin: Fēnglándá), is available exclusively in China and was introduced in late 2021.
Alvarez Guitars
Alvarez is a guitar brand founded in 1965 by the owner and distributor St. Louis Music. It manufactures steel-strings, classical guitars, ukuleles; for a time, it did also solid and hollow-body electric guitars and basses.

LOUD Audio
LOUD Audio, LLC is a professional audio company based in the United States, operating in the U.S., Canada, and Shenzhen, China. Originally founded as Mackie Designs, Inc., the name was changed to Loud Technologies Inc in 2003 to differentiate its founding subsidiary, mixing console manufacturer Mackie from its eponymous brand name.

Between 2003 and 2018, LOUD Technologies owned or distributed several music instrument and pro audio product brands that it had acquired over the years. Transom Capital Group acquired the company in October 2017, renaming it LOUD Audio, LLC and within 12 months had divested itself of brands Ampeg, Martin Audio and EAW, leaving Mackie as the sole surviving subsidiary.
Panthay Rebellion
The Panthay Rebellion (1856–1873), also known as the Du Wenxiu Rebellion (Tu Wen-hsiu Rebellion), was a rebellion of the Muslim Hui people and other (Muslim as well as non-Muslim) ethnic groups against the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in southwestern Yunnan Province, as part of a wave of Hui-led multi-ethnic unrest.

The name "Panthay" is a Burmese word, which is said to be identical with the Shan word Pang hse. It was the name by which the Burmese called the Chinese Muslims who came with caravans to Burma from the Chinese province of Yunnan. The name was not used or known in Yunnan itself. The rebellion referred to itself as the Pingnan Kingdom, meaning Pacified Southern Kingdom.

Yusuf Ma Dexin
Yusuf Ma Dexin (also Ma Tesing; 1794–1874) was a Hui Chinese Hanafi-Maturidi scholar from Yunnan, known for his fluency and proficiency in both Arabic and Persian, and for his knowledge of Islam. He also went by the Chinese name Ma Fuchu. He used the Arabic name Abd al-Qayyum Ruh al-Din Yusuf (عبد القيوم روح الدين يوسف). He was also styled as "Mawlana al-Hajj Yusuf Ruh al-Din Ma Fujuh" (مولانا الحاج  يوسف روح الدين  ما  فو جوه).
Into Paradise (band)
Into Paradise were an Irish indie rock group from Dublin, Ireland, whose influences included Joy Division and Echo & the Bunnymen. They formed in 1986 as Backwards into Paradise, and released their debut EP, Blue Light, in 1989 on the independent record label, Setanta. Soon after came the EP Change, and the band's first album, Under the Water.

Their most successful album and major record label debut, was the Adrian Borland-produced Churchtown.

Adrian Borland
Adrian Kelvin Borland (6 December 1957 – 26 April 1999) was an English singer, songwriter, guitarist and record producer, best known as the frontman of post-punk band The Sound.

Following a substantial musical career spanning numerous groups, as well as a solo career, he died by suicide after jumping in front of a train on 26 April 1999. Some have speculated that his death was caused by his symptoms of schizoaffective disorder.
Rye House railway station
Rye House railway station is on the Hertford East branch line off the West Anglia Main Line in the east of England, serving the Rye House area of Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire. It is 18 miles 71 chains (30.4 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Broxbourne and St Margarets. Its three-letter station code is RYH.

The station and all trains calling are operated by Greater Anglia.

Rye House, Hertfordshire
Rye House in Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire is a former fortified manor house, located in what is now the Lee Valley Regional Park. The 15th-century gatehouse is the surviving part of the structure and is a Grade I listed building. The site is a scheduled monument.

The house gave its name to the Rye House Plot of 1683, an alleged plan to assassinate Charles II of England and his brother James.
Midland Beach, Staten Island
Midland Beach (formerly known as Woodland Beach) is a neighborhood of Staten Island in New York City. It lies along the east-central coast of the island, in the area known locally as the "Mid-Island, Staten Island" or the "East Shore".

To its immediate northwest is Grant City, to the southeast is New Dorp Beach, and to the northeast are Graham Beach and South Beach.  Miller Field and Prescott Avenue form the southwest border (formerly, a lane called Maplewood Terrace paralleled New Dorp Lane); Poultney Street/Laconia Avenue is to the northwest; the Lower New York Bay is to the southeast, and Seaview Avenue is to the northeast. Father Capodanno Boulevard and Midland Avenue are Midland Beach's two main arteries.

Midland Beach is part of Staten Island Community District 2 and its ZIP Codes are 10305 and 10306. Midland Beach is patrolled by the 122nd Precinct of the New York City Police Department.

Grant City, Staten Island
Grant City is a neighborhood located on the East Shore of Staten Island, New York City.

To the east of Grant City lies Midland Beach, and a high cliff to the west of Richmond Road separates Grant City from Todt Hill.  New Dorp is situated immediately south of Grant City. Dongan Hills is situated to the north.
Thái Bình River
Thái Bình river (Vietnamese: Sông Thái Bình) is the name of the Thái Bình river system's main river in Northern Vietnam. This river system joins with the Red River system and brings alluvium to create Red River Delta.

Thái Bình river starts in the area of Đồng Phúc commune, Yên Dũng District, Bắc Giang Province – where the Thuong River and Cầu River join with each other. It then flows to Hải Dương Province and becomes the boundary between Bắc Giang and Hải Dương. After flowing through the area of Hải Dương, it enters Thái Bình Province and flows to the South China Sea at Ba Lat river mouth.

The total length of the main river is about 100 km (62 mi).

Thái Bình river system
The Thái Bình river system is one of the two major river systems in the Red River Delta, Vietnam; the other one is the Red River system. Both split from the Red River in the Hưng Yên province. The system consists of 8 rivers flowing in northern Vietnam. This system joining with Red River system creates the Red River Delta.

The part of it between Hưng Yên and the sea, in combination with the part of the Red River from Hanoi to Hưng Yên, was called the River of Tonkin by historical Dutch and English texts.
1845 United States House of Representatives election in Florida
The 1845 United States House of Representatives election in Florida was held on Monday, May 26, 1845, to elect the first United States Representative from the state of Florida, one from the state's single at-large congressional district, to represent Florida in the 29th Congress. The election coincided with the elections of other offices, including the gubernatorial election, the senatorial elections, and various state and local elections.

The winning candidate would have served a less-than-two-year term in the United States House of Representatives from July 1, 1845, to March 4, 1847.

1845 Florida gubernatorial election
The 1845 Florida gubernatorial election was held on May 26, 1845, to elect the first governor of Florida. Democratic nominee William Dunn Moseley defeated Whig nominee Richard Keith Call with 55.14% of the vote.
Komae High School
Tokyo Metropolitan Komae High School (東京都立狛江高等学校, Tōkyō-toritsu Komae Kōtō-gakkō) is a public high school located in Komae, Tokyo, Japan. There are over 2000 male and female students at Komae from grades 10 to 12. The school was established on April 1, 1972. Komae High is a sister school of Kirrawee High School, located in Sydney, Australia. It is overseen by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Board of Education.

Komae, Tokyo
Komae (狛江市, Komae-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. It is one of 30 municipalities in the western portion of Tokyo known as the Tama Area. As of 1 April 2021, the city had an estimated population of 83,218, and a population density of 13,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 6.39 square kilometres (2.47 sq mi). It is the smallest administrative city in Tokyo Metropolis both in area and population, and the second smallest in terms of area in the nation.
Dos Bocas Lake
Dos Bocas Lake is a reservoir of the Arecibo River, located in the municipalities of Arecibo and Utuado in the island of Puerto Rico. Construction of the reservoir began on 1937, and was completed in 1942 with the establishment of the Dos Bocas Dam, by the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority to be used as a hydroelectric power plant, as part of a New Deal project. The lake also functions as one of the potable water reservoirs of the island. In recent years, silt has accumulated in the lake causing capacity to shrink. Silt has also made some portions of the land inaccessible by boat.

Ferries operated by the Department of Transportation of Puerto Rico provide transportation for residents on the lake as well as for tourists. Several restaurants and house rentals are located on the shore of the lake. Other nearby attractions include the Río Abajo State Forest.

Arecibo, Puerto Rico
Arecibo (/ˌærəˈsiːboʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [aɾeˈsiβo]) is a city and municipality on the northern coast of Puerto Rico, on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, located north of Utuado and Ciales; east of Hatillo; and west of Barceloneta and Florida. It is about 50 miles (80 km) west of San Juan, the capital city. Arecibo is the largest municipality in Puerto Rico by area, and it is the core city of the Arecibo Metropolitan Statistical Area and part of the greater San Juan–Bayamón, PR Combined Statistical Area. It is spread over 18 barrios and Arecibo Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). Its population in 2020 was 87,754.

The Arecibo Observatory, which housed the Arecibo Telescope, the world's largest radio telescope until July 2016, is located in the municipality. The Arecibo telescope collapsed on December 1, 2020. Arecibo is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arecibo.
Zittau Mountains
The Zittau Mountains (German: Zittauer Gebirge, Czech: Žitavské hory; Upper Sorbian: Žitawske horiny), formerly also called the Lusatian Ridge (Lausitzer Kamm; Łužiski česak), refer to the German part of the Lusatian Mountains that straddle the Saxon-Bohemian border in the extreme southeast of the German state of Saxony.

Oybin
Oybin (Upper Sorbian: Ojbin, pronounced [ˈɔjbʲin]) is a municipality in the Görlitz district, in Saxony, in eastern Germany, located very close to the border of the Czech Republic. It is a "Kurort", a resort or spa certified by the state, where people go for rest and recuperation.

It is most famous for its mountain of the same name, an exposed natural sandstone dome that towers above the town. The ruins of a medieval monastery lend a wild romantic beauty to it and it was a favorite subject of 19th-century Romantic painters like Caspar David Friedrich. Many bizarrely shaped geological rock formations can be found in the surroundings. The scenic narrow gauge Zittau–Kurort Oybin/Kurort Jonsdorf railway runs from Oybin to Bertsdorf, from there to the neighboring municipality of Jonsdorf and the town of Zittau. Oybin municipality has 3 districts: Oybin, Hain and Lückendorf.
Transformational Diplomacy
Transformational Diplomacy is a diplomacy initiative championed by former United States secretary of state Condoleezza Rice for reinvigorating American foreign policy and the United States Foreign Service.

As Secretary of State, Rice championed the expansion of democratic governments. Rice stated that the September 11, 2001 attacks were rooted in “oppression and despair” and so, the U.S. must advance democratic reform and support basic rights throughout the greater Middle East. Rice has also reformed and restructured the department, as well as U.S. diplomacy as a whole.  "Transformational Diplomacy" is the goal which Rice describes as "work[ing] with our many partners around the world… [and] build[ing] and sustain[ing] democratic, well-governed states that will respond to the needs of their people and conduct themselves responsibly in the international system."

Office of eDiplomacy
The Office of eDiplomacy was an applied technology think tank for the United States Department of State.  The office was staffed by Foreign and Civil Service Officers in a wide range of specializations. At the time of its closure in July 2025 there were two branches: the Diplomatic Innovation Division (DID) and the Knowledge Leadership Division (KLD).

The office was formed in response to recommendations from the 1999 Overseas Presence Advisory Panel that the State Department improve its ability to communicate and share knowledge.
Mary of Bourbon
Mary of Bourbon or Marie de Bourbon (29 October 1515 – 28 September 1538) was a daughter of Charles, Duke of Vendôme, and Françoise d'Alençon, daughter of René, Duke of Alençon. Mary was the subject of marriage negotiations of James V of Scotland. He visited her in France, but subsequently married Madeleine of Valois. Mary died two years later.

Frances of Alençon
Frances of Alençon (1490 – 14 September 1550) was the eldest daughter of René of Alençon and Margaret of Lorraine, and the younger sister and despoiled heiress of Charles IV, Duke of Alençon.

The sister and heiress of Charles IV of Alençon, she was despoiled of her heritage by her sister-in-law Margaret of Angoulême, sister of King Francis I of France.

Her son Anthony, however, went on to marry Joan III of Navarre, born of the second marriage of Margaret with Henry II of Navarre. The grandson of Françoise and Marguerite, Henry of Bourbon, would become King of France and Navarre.