hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniil Gleikhengauz
Daniil Markovich Gleikhengauz (or Gleichenhaus; Russian: Даниил Маркович Глейхенгауз, born 3 June 1991) is a Russian former ice dancer and single skater. In single skating, he is the 2007 Russian junior national bronze medalist and competed at the 2007 World Junior Championships, placing 19th. He was coached by Viktor Kudriavtsev.

Gleikhengauz began competing in ice dancing in the 2010–11 season, with partner Ksenia Korobkova. They made their international debut the following season, winning the junior title at the 2011 NRW Trophy. They were coached by Alexander Zhulin and Oleg Volkov.

After his father's death, Gleikhengauz retired from his competitive career and began performing in Ilia Averbukh's ice show. Later he began coaching and in 2014 he became a choreographer in Eteri Tutberidze's team at Sambo-70 in Moscow. His mother, Lyudmila Borisovna Shalashova, former ballet dancer and ballet teacher, who also worked with Eteri Tutberidze's team, died on 29 August 2019.

Eteri Tutberidze
Eteri Georgievna Tutberidze (Georgian: ეთერი გიორგის ასული თუთბერიძე; Russian: Этери Георгиевна Тутберидзе; born 24 February 1974) is a Russian figure skating coach who works mainly with female single skaters. She is head coach at the Sambo 70 skating club in Moscow. She has coached several Russian skaters to success in international competitions, including 2022 Olympic and 2021 World champion Anna Shcherbakova, 2022 Olympic silver medalist and two-time Junior World champion Alexandra Trusova, 2020 Junior World champion Kamila Valieva, 2020 European Champion Alena Kostornaia, 2018 Olympic and 2019 World champion Alina Zagitova, two-time World champion and 2018 Olympic silver medalist Evgenia Medvedeva, and 2014 Olympic Team champion Yulia Lipnitskaya, as well as the Georgian skater and 2026 European champion Nika Egadze.
Algoma Township, Michigan
Algoma Township is a civil township of Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 12,055 at the 2020 census, which is a large increase from 9,932 at the 2010 census.

The township is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is located about 10 miles (16 km) north of the city of Grand Rapids.

Kent County, Michigan
Kent County is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 657,974, making it the fourth most populous county in Michigan, and the largest outside of the Detroit area. Its county seat is Grand Rapids. The county was set off in 1831, and organized in 1836. It is named for New York jurist and legal scholar James Kent, who represented the Michigan Territory in its dispute with Ohio over the Toledo Strip.

Kent County is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is West Michigan's economic and manufacturing center. It is home of the Frederik Meijer Gardens, a significant cultural landmark of the Midwest. The Gerald R. Ford International Airport is the county's primary location for regional and international airline traffic.
German Furriers' Union
The German Furriers' Union (German: Deutscher Kürschner-Verband) was a trade union representing fur workers in Germany.

Local unions of furriers in Germany were established from 1883, and in 1890, they met in Hamburg to form a national association.  However, due to disputes, this dissolved in 1896.

On 1 January 1902, the local unions of furriers formed a new national union, the "German Furriers' Union".  This affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions, and to the International Federation of Furriers, in which it soon became prominent.  It adopted the international federation's German-language journal, Der Kürschner, as its publication.

The union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Federation in 1919, and by 1921, it had 12,076 members.  By the end of 1923, membership was down to 7,000, half of whom were women.  At the start of 1924, the union merged into the German Clothing Workers' Union.

International Federation of Furriers
The International Federation of Furriers (German: Internationales Kürschner-Sekretariat) was a global union federation bringing together trade unions representing people who worked in the fur industry.
La Frontera (Chile)
La Frontera in Chile is the region around the Bío Bío River, or the whole area between it and the Toltén River. The use of this latter definition is largely coterminous with the historical usage of Araucanía. The term was coined during the period when the region was the frontier of the Captaincy General of Chile, then a part of the Spanish Empire and later the Republic of Chile, with the Mapuche people inhabiting the Araucanía following their revolt in 1598. Subsequently, the Spanish Empire established a system of forts between the Bío Bío River and the Itata River, as well as some within the Araucanía. This system continued through the 18th century and into the 19th century.

Santa Fe (fort)
Santa Fe de la Ribera was a fort constructed in 1602, by Alonso de Ribera at the confluence of the Biobio River and Vergara River, near the island of Diego Diaz. Its first garrison was two companies of soldiers, under the captains Francisco de Puebla and Alonso González de Nájera, who was in command of the place.
Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.

Plane wave
In physics, a plane wave is a special case of a wave or field: a physical quantity whose value, at any given moment, is constant through any plane that is perpendicular to a fixed direction in space.

For any position  in space and any time , the value of such a field can be written as

where  is a unit-length vector, and  is a function that gives the field's value as dependent on only two real parameters: the time , and the scalar-valued displacement  of the point  along the direction . The displacement is constant over each plane perpendicular to .

The values of the field  may be scalars, vectors, or any other physical or mathematical quantity.  They can be complex numbers, as in a complex exponential plane wave.

When the values of  are vectors, the wave is said to be a longitudinal wave if the vectors are always  collinear with the vector , and a transverse wave if they are always orthogonal (perpendicular) to it.
Franz Schreker
Franz Schreker (originally Schrecker; 23 March 1878 – 21 March 1934) was an Austrian composer, conductor, librettist, teacher and administrator. Primarily a composer of operas, Schreker developed a style characterized by aesthetic plurality (a mixture of Romanticism, Naturalism, Symbolism, Impressionism, Expressionism and Neue Sachlichkeit), timbral experimentation, strategies of extended tonality and conception of total music theatre into the narrative of 20th-century music.

University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna
The University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna (German: Universität für Musik und darstellende Kunst Wien, abbreviated MDW) is an Austrian university established in 1817 located in Vienna. With a student body of over three thousand, it is the largest institution of its kind in Austria, and one of the largest in the world.

In 1817, it was established by the Society for the Friends of Music. It has had several names: Vienna Conservatory, Vienna Academy and in 1909 it was nationalized as the Imperial Academy of Music and the Performing Arts. In 1998, the University assumed its current name to reflect its university status, attained in a wide 1970 reform for Austrian Arts Academies.
Deep Water Bay
Deep Water Bay is a bay and residential area on the southern shore of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. The bay is surrounded by Shouson Hill, Brick Hill, Violet Hill and Middle Island. As per Forbes (July 2015), with 19 of the city's richest billionaires, it is reputed to be the "wealthiest neighborhood on earth". The neighborhood is bordered on the east by Repulse Bay Road heading to the Island Road roundabout, on the south by Island Road facing toward Middle Island and Deep Water Bay, on the west by Deep Water Bay Road, and on the north by Deep Water Bay Road as it connects back toward Repulse Bay Road.

Beneath Violet Hill is Deep Water Bay Beach, one of many beaches of Hong Kong.  The bay is reachable by Island Road, a road connecting Repulse Bay and Wong Chuk Hang.

Deep Water Bay is the landing point for SEA-ME-WE 3, TGN-IA and TVH submarine telecommunications cables.

Deep Water Bay Beach
Deep Water Bay Beach is a gazetted beach next to Deep Water Bay located to the south of Shouson Hill, Southern District, Hong Kong and is one of the four Hong Kong beaches which remain open during the non-bathing season. It has barbecue pits and is managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of the Hong Kong Government. It is 400 metres long and is rated as Grade 1 by the Environmental Protection Department for its water quality.
Long Seniai
Long Seniai (also known as Long Sinei) is a longhouse settlement in the Marudi division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 553.7 kilometres (344 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Long Merigong 11.3 kilometres (7.0 mi) east

Long Tebangan 13.1 kilometres (8.1 mi) southwest

Long Tap 18.3 kilometres (11.4 mi) southwest

Long Akah 23.7 kilometres (14.7 mi) southwest

Long Datih 24.1 kilometres (15.0 mi) east

Long San 24.9 kilometres (15.5 mi) southwest

Long Daloh 25.7 kilometres (16.0 mi) northwest

Long Lellang 25.7 kilometres (16.0 mi) east

Long Selatong 28.3 kilometres (17.6 mi) southwest

Aro Kangan 28.5 kilometres (17.7 mi) east

Long Merigong
Long Merigong is a settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 564.7 kilometres (351 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Long Seniai 11.3 kilometres (7.0 mi) west

Long Datih 13.1 kilometres (8.1 mi) east

Long Lellang 14.6 kilometres (9.1 mi) east

Aro Kangan 17.3 kilometres (10.7 mi) east

Long Labid 22.4 kilometres (13.9 mi) northeast

Long Tebangan 23.2 kilometres (14.4 mi) southwest

Long Salt 23.6 kilometres (14.7 mi) southeast

Long Tap 28.3 kilometres (17.6 mi) southwest

Long Aar 32.8 kilometres (20.4 mi) northeast

Long Akah 34 kilometres (21.1 mi) southwest
Takehito Koyasu
Takehito Koyasu (子安 武人, Koyasu Takehito; born May 5, 1967) is a Japanese voice actor from Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. He is affiliated with and representative of T's Factory, a voice acting agency he founded in October 1998. His son Kōki Koyasu (子安 光樹, Koyasu Kōki) is also a voice actor. Koyasu has taken over many of the characters played by Kaneto Shiozawa after his death.

Kiss in the Dark (novel)
Kiss in the Dark (パパと♥KISS IN THE DARK, Papa to Kiss in the Dark; lit. "Kiss in the Dark With Papa") is a four-volume Japanese yaoi light novel written by Ken Nanbara and illustrated by Sae Momoki. It has been adapted into an anime OVA series animated by TNK. Several drama CDs also based on this light novel have been released.

In June 2008, the anime was licensed for release in English by Media Blasters under their Kitty Media label.
Permanent Defence Force Other Ranks Representative Association
The Permanent Defence Force Other Ranks Representative Association (PDFORRA) is the representative body for enlisted personnel serving in the Defence Forces of Ireland.

The purpose of PDFORRA is to represent and pursue the interests of enlisted personnel serving full-time in the Irish Army, Naval Service and Air Corps. The remit of the organisation includes issues regarding the pay and conditions of serving enlisted ranks in the Republic of Ireland. All serving enlisted members of the Permanent Defence Forces (PDF) are entitled to become members of the association.

Defence Forces (Ireland)
The Defence Forces (Irish: Fórsaí Cosanta, officially styled Óglaigh na hÉireann) are the armed forces of Ireland. They primarily encompass the Army, Air Corps, Naval Service, and Reserve Defence Forces.

The Supreme Commander of the Defence Forces is the President of Ireland. All Defence Forces officers hold their commission from the President of Ireland. Still, in practice, the Minister for Defence acts on the President of Ireland's behalf and reports to the Government of Ireland. The Council of Defence advises the Minister for Defence on the business of the Department of Defence.

As of June 2025, there were 7,531 permanent personnel in the Defence Forces out of an established strength of 9,739, a decrease from September 2020 when there were 8,529 personnel, comprising 6,878 Army, 752 Air Corps and 899 Naval Service personnel. As of August 2024, there were also 1,720 personnel in the Reserve Defence Force out of an established strength of 4,069.
Generali Building
The Generali Building (Hebrew: בניין ג'נרלי, Binyan Generali) is a landmark office and commercial building on Jaffa Road in West Jerusalem. Designed by Marcello Piacentini, chief architect of the Italian Fascist regime, it served as the Jerusalem branch of the Assicurazioni Generali insurance company from 1935 to 1946. In 1946 the British Mandatory government nationalized the building and enclosed it and several other structures at the eastern end of Jaffa Road in a fortified security zone. With the end of the Mandatory government in 1948, the building was taken by the Irgun. Since the establishment of the state, the Generali Building has housed the offices of the Jerusalem District Administration and other government agencies, and street-level stores. The building's neoclassical and modern architecture, and large, rooftop sculpture of a Lion of Saint Mark have made it a prominent landmark in downtown Jerusalem.

Jaffa Road
Jaffa Road, also called Jaffa Street (Hebrew: רחוב יפו, romanized: Rehov Yaffo; Arabic: شارع يافا) is one of the longest and oldest major streets in Jerusalem. It crosses the city from east to west, from the Old City walls to downtown Jerusalem, the western portal of Jerusalem and the Jerusalem–Tel Aviv highway. It is lined with shops, businesses, and restaurants. It joins with Ben Yehuda Street and King George Street to form the Downtown Triangle central business district. Major landmarks along Jaffa Road are Tzahal Square (IDF square), Safra Square (city hall), Zion Square, Davidka Square, the triple intersection (Hameshulash) at King George V Street and Straus Street, the Ben Yehuda Street pedestrian mall, the Mahane Yehuda market, and the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. Most of Jaffa Road has been redeveloped as a car-free pedestrian mall served by the Jerusalem Light Rail. The Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station is located directly adjacent to the Central Bus Station.
Canadian Covered Court Championships
The Canadian Covered Court Championships  was an indoor wood court tennis tournament first held in October 1920, at the Montreal Indoor Tennis Club, Montreal, Canada. The initial edition of the tournament – and all subsequent editions held before World War Two – featured only two events: men’s singles and men’s doubles. The event ran annually until 1936.

Wood court
A wood court is one of the types of tennis courts on which the modern sport of tennis, originally known as "lawn tennis", is played. Wood courts are generally a form of hardwood flooring. These courts were once used for indoor "covered court" tennis tournaments beginning in the late 19th century through to the early 1970s, and occasionally were used to stage outdoor tennis tournaments. They were largely supplanted by the development of indoor carpet courts in professional play.
Xiamen Island
Xiamen Island, alternately known as Amoy Island from its Hokkien pronunciation, is an island in southeastern Fujian, China, on the Taiwan Strait. It is administered by the People's Republic of China as the Huli and Siming urban districts of the sub-provincial city of Xiamen. The Gaoji Causeway is to the North, the old Yundang Harbor (now an enclosed lake) is to the West. The Kinmen Islands, controlled by the Republic of China, are to the South East. It has an area of 155.89 square kilometers (60.19 sq mi). With a population of 1,847,047 people, it forms the core of the city's special economic zone.

Taiwan Strait
The Taiwan Strait (Chinese: 台湾海峡; Pinyin: Táiwān Hǎixiá) is a 180-kilometer-wide (110 mi; 97 nmi) strait separating the island of Taiwan and the Asian continent. The strait connects the South China Sea to the south, and the East China Sea to the north. The narrowest part is 126 km (78 mi; 68 nmi) wide.
Piz Lagrev
Piz Lagrev is a mountain of the Albula Alps, overlooking Lake Sils in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On its northern side lies the Julier Pass. Reaching a height of 3,165 metres (10,384 feet) above sea level, Piz Lagrev is the culminating point of the range lying between the Septimer Pass and the Julier Pass.

Northeast of Piz Lagrev is a small glacier named Vadret Lagrev and an unnamed lake at its bottom.

Julier Pass
The Julier Pass (Romansh: Pass dal Güglia, German: Julierpass, Italian Passo del Giulia) (elev. 2284 m) is a mountain pass in the Albula Alps of Switzerland. It connects the Engadin valley with central Graubünden. At its summit, the pass crosses the drainage divide between the basins of the rivers Rhine and Danube.

The Julier Pass lies between the towns of Bivio to the west and Silvaplana to the east. It is part of the Swiss N29 national road, but does not require a vignette (road tax sticker). The pass was heavily used in the Roman era and contains the most artifacts of Roman roads of any location in Graubünden. The modern road was built between 1820 and 1828. Between 1935 and 1940, the Julier Pass became the first Swiss alpine road paved with asphalt.

The Julier Pass is the most important northern entrance to the Engadin valley and one of three such paved road passes, the others being the Albula Pass and the Flüela Pass.
Bulwell
Bulwell is a market town and former civil parish in the City of Nottingham district of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies 3.5 miles (6 km) south-west of Hucknall and 4.8 miles (8 km) to the north-west of Nottingham city centre. The 2011 census recorded its population at 29,771, which amounted to over 10% of the city's population; 16,157 was recorded for the Bulwell ward of Nottingham City Council. The adjacent ward, Bulwell Forest, which includes Highbury Vale, Rise Park and the west of Top Valley, had a population of 13,614 at the same census.

Top Valley
Top Valley is a largely residential area in the north west of Nottingham, England. It is located to the south of Rise Park, to the north and west of Bestwood, to the southwest of Bestwood Village and to the east of Bulwell.  It is approximately 4 miles from Nottingham city centre.
The Clinton 12
The Clinton 12 were a group of twelve African-American students who integrated the previously all-White Clinton High School in Clinton, Tennessee in 1956. These students were some of the first to participate in desegregation of southern K–12 public schools following the 1954 Supreme Court ruling of Brown v. Board of Education. The Clinton 12 were subject to discrimination and violence for attending the all-White high school, which caused some of them to leave the school and move to other states. The integration of Clinton High School caused turmoil in both its Black and White communities. Out of the original twelve, only two students of the group, Bobby Cain and Gail Ann Epps, ended up graduating from the school.

Clinton High School (Clinton, Tennessee)
Clinton High School in Clinton, Tennessee, is the Anderson County, Tennessee, high school that serves students living in and near Clinton, Oliver Springs, and Claxton. As of 2025, the student population is about 86 percent white, and 14 percent other groups including blacks and hispanics.
Materia medica
Materia medica (lit.: 'medical material/substance') is a Latin term from the history of pharmacy for the body of collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing (i.e., medications). The term derives from the title of a work by the Ancient Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides in the 1st century AD, De materia medica, 'On medical material' (Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς, Peri hylēs iatrikēs, in Greek).

The term materia medica was used from the period of the Roman Empire until the 20th century, but has now been generally replaced in medical education contexts by the term pharmacology. The term survives in the title of the British Medical Journal's "Materia Non Medica" column.

History of pharmacy
The history of pharmacy as a modern and independent science dates back to the first third of the 19th century. Before then, pharmacy evolved from antiquity as part of medicine. Before the advent of pharmacists, there existed apothecaries that worked alongside priests and physicians in regard to patient care.
WUFL (FM)
WUFL (93.1 MHz) is an FM radio station licensed to Detroit, Michigan. Owned by Family Life Broadcasting, it broadcasts a Contemporary Christian music radio format, with some Christian talk and teaching programs airing at certain times of the day. The transmitter is located at the intersection of 10 Mile and Greenfield Road in suburban Oak Park.

Rhythmic adult contemporary
Rhythmic adult contemporary, often abbreviated as rhythmic AC or RAC, is an adult contemporary radio format. The format focuses primarily on rhythmic hits aimed towards an adult audience, often resembling a mixture of the classic hits and hot adult contemporary formats in practice. It typically focuses on genres such as disco, classic hip-hop, dance pop, and house music of the late 1980s/early 1990s.
Cosmic Balance II
The Cosmic Balance  II is a turn-based strategy game written by Paul Murray for the Apple II and published by Strategic Simulations in 1983. It was ported to the Atari 8-bit computers. The game is a sequel to The Cosmic Balance (1982) also designed by Murray.

In 1984, SSI published a sequel, Imperium Galactum.

Strategic Simulations
Strategic Simulations, Inc. (SSI) was a video game developer and publisher of over 100 games from its founding in 1979 to its dissolution in 1994 (though the brand was in use until around 2002). The company focused on computer wargames then later added role-playing video games. SSI published the Panzer General series and the official video game adaptations of Dungeons & Dragons.
Spokane Daily Chronicle
The Spokane Daily Chronicle is a daily digital newspaper in Spokane, Washington. It was founded as a weekly paper in 1881 and grew into an afternoon daily, competing with The Spokesman-Review, which was formed from the merger of two competing papers.

The Spokesman-Review
The Spokesman-Review is a daily broadsheet newspaper based in Spokane, Washington, the city's sole remaining daily publication. It has the third-highest readership among daily newspapers in the state, with most of its readership base in eastern Washington and northern Idaho.