hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuareg languages
Tuareg (English:  /ˈtwɑːrɛɡ/), also known as Tamasheq (English:  /ˈtæməʃɛk/), Tamajaq or Tamahaq (Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵌⴰⵆ), is a group of closely related Berber varieties. They are spoken by the Tuareg Berbers in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya, and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.

Karl-Gottfried Prasse
Karl-Gottfried Prasse (14 August 1929 in Hamburg – 12 April 2018 in Værløse) was a Danish linguist with a focus in the Berber language. He was mainly concerned with the Tuareg-Berber language spoken in Niger, Mali and southern Algeria. For this language, he has authored dictionaries and complete grammar descriptions.

Prasse took lectures in Egyptology in 1956 and was researching Hamito-Semitic languages and specialized early in Berber and Arabic dialects (Cairo dialect) with special focus on Tuareg languages. He served as associate professor of Berber and Arab dialects at the University of Copenhagen from 1969 to 1996.

The school Ecole touarègue de KG Prasse in Amataltal in Niger is named after him. In 2008 he was awarded the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters' Gold Medal for his research on the Tuareg language.
Waukee Community School District
Waukee Community School District (WCSD) is a public school district headquartered in Waukee, Iowa. Entirely in Dallas County, it serves Waukee and portions of Clive, Urbandale and West Des Moines.

The district has about 13,600 students from preschool through twelfth grade and more than 2,000 staff members.

Urbandale, Iowa
Urbandale is a city in Polk and Dallas counties in the U.S. state of Iowa. The city was incorporated on April 16, 1917 and was a streetcar suburb of Des Moines. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 45,580. It is part of the Des Moines–West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area and is the 12th largest city in Iowa.

Urbandale grew rapidly in the 1960's and 1970's due to post–World War II economic expansion. In recent years Dallas County has been the fastest growing county in Iowa with population increasing more than 50% from 2010 to 2020. Even though Waukee is the main city in Dallas County that has increased population, the western part of Urbandale has also increased its population.
Dugda (Aanaa)
Dugda is a district in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of the former district of Dugda Bora before being divided into Bora and Dugda. Part of the East Shewa Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Dugda is bordered on the southeast by Hora-Dambal, on the south by Adami Tullu and Jido Kombolcha, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the northwest by the Southwest Shewa Zone, on the north by the Awash River which separates it from Ada'a Chukala, on the northeast by Koka Reservoir which separates it from Adama, and on the east by the Arsi Zone. The administrative center of Dugda is Meki.

Bora (district)
Bora is one of the Aanaas in the Oromia Regiona State of Ethiopia. It was part of the former Aanaa of Dugda Bora. Part of the East Shewa Zone  it is located in the Great Rift Valley. The administrative center of Bora is Bote (Alem Tena).
Fred Sommers
Frederic Tamler Sommers (January 1, 1923 – October 2, 2014), better known as Fred Sommers, was an American philosopher who, after an initial focus on ontology generally, turned his attention specifically to a revival of classical logic. He is the father of the philosopher Tamler Sommers.

Tamler Sommers
Tamler Sommers is an American philosopher, writer, and podcaster. He is the son of philosopher Fred Sommers and the stepson of Christina Hoff Sommers. Sommers specializes in ethics, free will, and moral responsibility. His 2018 book, Why Honor Matters, examines the nature of honor in American discourse and defends several aspects of honor cultures. He co-hosts the podcast Very Bad Wizards with David A. Pizarro.

Sommers received his Ph.D. in philosophy at Duke University in 2005 and is currently a professor of philosophy at the University of Houston.
Bedale Market Cross
Bedale Market Cross is a historic monument in Bedale, a town in North Yorkshire, in England.

Bedale was granted a market charter in 1251, and in the 14th century the current cross was erected at the north end of the marketplace, where the town's three medieval streets converge.  In the 17th century, the original cross head was replaced by a simple iron cross.  It was listed as a scheduled monument in 1936, and as a Grade I listed building in 1966.

The cross consists of an octagonal stone base with seven steps, the lowest step being 5 metres across.  This stepped cross form is the most common type of Mediaeval standing cross in England.  The octagonal cross shaft sits in a socket stone, and is 3.5 metres high.  It has a projecting band near the top, and flat plinth at the top.  This supports the iron cross.

Bedale
Bedale (/ˈbiːdeɪl/ BEE-dayl), is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Bedale Beck is a tributary of the River Swale, which forms one of the Yorkshire Dales. The dale has a predominant agriculture sector and its related small traditional trades, although tourism is increasingly important. Northallerton is 7 miles (11 km) north-east, Middlesbrough 26 miles (42 km) north-east and York is 31 miles (50 km) south-south-east.

Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, the town was listed in  Domesday Book under what became the honour of Richmond. The honour had several wapentakes and Bedale was part of Hang (named after Hang Bank in Finghall or alternatively named after Catterick) and later Hang East.
Florica Racovitză-Flondor
Florica Racovitză-Flondor (also Racoviță; 13 November 1897 - 7 February 1983) was a Romanian composer and pianist who composed vocal and instrumental works, including at least five operettas. Some of her works were inspired by Romanian folklore.

Racovitză-Flondor was born in Rogojești, in Austria-Hungary’s Duchy of Bukovina. to Maria Ciuntu and Tudor Flondor. Her father was a politician, composer and conductor. She married Brigadier General Aurel Racovitză in 1924 and they had two children.

From 1916 to 1924, Racovitză-Flondor studied at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna. Later, she studied composition in Bucharest. Her teachers included Mihail Jora, Eusebius Mandyczewski, Joseph Marx, Emil Sauer, and Richard Stöhr.

Racovitză-Flondor belonged to the American Society of Composer, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP). Her compositions were published by Editions Musicales and included:

Eusebius Mandyczewski
Eusebius Mandyczewski (Ukrainian: Євсевій Мандичевський, romanized: Yevsevii Mandychevskyi, Romanian: Eusebie Mandicevschi; 18 August 1857, in Molodiia – 13 August 1929, in Vienna) was a Romanian musicologist, composer, conductor, and teacher. He was an author of numerous musical works and is highly regarded within Austrian, Romanian and Ukrainian music circles.
Todd Van Poppel
Todd Matthew Van Poppel (born December 9, 1971) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Oakland Athletics (1991, 1993–1996), Detroit Tigers (1996), Texas Rangers (1998, 2002–2003), Pittsburgh Pirates (1998), Chicago Cubs (2000–2001), and Cincinnati Reds (2003–2004). He retired during spring training with the New York Mets in 2005.

1990 Major League Baseball draft
The 1990 Major League Baseball draft was held in June 1990.  The draft placed amateur baseball players onto major league teams. 1,487 players were distributed to 26 teams. The draft consisted of first round selections, supplemental first round selections, compensation picks, and many more rounds, in fact, it went a record 101 rounds with 40 first round selections. With a league-worst record of 65 wins and 97 losses in the 1989 MLB Season, the Atlanta Braves selected shortstop, Chipper Jones out of the Bolles School with the first pick of the draft. Nine NBA and NFL players were drafted in 1990. Seven of the first 10 picks were selected directly out of high school.
Pocketdelta robot
The PocketDelta Robot is a microrobot based on a parallel structure called "Delta robot". It has been designed to perform micro-assembly tasks where high-speed and high-precision are needed in a reduced working space. The robot's size is 120×120×200 mm offering a workspace diameter up to 150mm × 30mm.

Delta robot
A delta robot is a type of parallel robot that consists of three arms connected to universal joints at the base. The key design feature is the use of parallelograms in the arms, which maintains the orientation of the end effector. In contrast, a Stewart platform can change the orientation of its end effector.

Delta robots have popular usage in picking and packaging in factories because they can be quite fast, some executing up to 300 picks per minute.
Avnei Hefetz
Avnei Hefetz (Hebrew: אַבְנֵי חֵפֶץ, lit. 'Precious Stones') is an Israeli settlement (organised as a community settlement) located on the western edge of the northern West Bank. The settlement under the administrative municipal government of the Shomron Regional Council, is located adjacent to the Palestinian city of Tulkarm and to the Israeli settlements of Einav and Sal'it.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Shomron Regional Council
The Shomron Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית שומרון, Mo'atza Azorit Shomron, English Samaria Regional Council) is an Israeli regional council in the northern portion of the Israeli-occupied West Bank. Thirty-five Israeli settlements fall under its jurisdiction. As of December 2020 the jurisdiction area of the council has a population of about 47,200 people. The main offices are located in the Barkan Industrial Park.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Covering 2,800 square kilometers of the West Bank, it was, prior to the fall of 2005 when some of its municipal land was abandoned as part of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan, the largest Israeli regional council in municipal area.

In August 2015, Yossi Dagan was elected to position of Chairman of Shomron Regional Council, with 62% of the vote.
Westbury, New York
Westbury is a village in the town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered the anchor community of the Greater Westbury area. The population was 15,404 at the time of the 2020 census.

New Cassel, New York
New Cassel is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 14,199 at the time of the 2020 census.
Edvard Beneš
Edvard Beneš (Czech: [ˈɛdvard ˈbɛnɛʃ] ⓘ; 28 May 1884 – 3 September 1948) was a Czech politician and statesman who served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938, and again from 1939 to 1948. During the first six years of his second stint, he led the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during World War II.

As president, Beneš faced two major crises, which both resulted in his resignation. His first resignation came after the Munich Agreement and subsequent German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938, which resulted in his government's exile in the United Kingdom. The second came about with the 1948 Communist coup, which created a Communist regime in Czechoslovakia. Before his time as president, Beneš was also the first foreign affairs minister (1918–1935) and the fourth prime minister (1921–1922) of Czechoslovakia. The de facto leader of the Czech National Social Party, he was known as a skilled diplomat.

Polish–Czechoslovak confederation
The Polish–Czechoslovak confederation, or Polish–Czechoslovak federation, was a political concept from the time of World War II, supported by the Polish government-in-exile and, to a lesser extent, the United Kingdom and the United States. It was a revitalisation of the Intermarium concept, proposing the creation of a federation based on Poland and Czechoslovakia. The project had less support in the Czechoslovak government-in-exile, which believed it did not need Polish support against the Soviet Union, and was eventually sunk by the growing Soviet dominance, as Joseph Stalin did not want a strong and independent federation in Europe that could threaten his designs for Eastern Europe.
Milltown, Dublin
Milltown (Irish: Baile an Mhuilinn) is a suburb and townland on the southside of Dublin, Ireland.  Milltown was the site of several working mills on the River Dodder and is also the location of the meeting of the River Slang with the Dodder. It is located adjacent to other suburban areas such as Windy Arbour, Ranelagh, Rathmines, Dartry, Clonskeagh, and Donnybrook.

Dartry
Dartry (Irish: Dartraí) is a small suburb of Dublin, Ireland, often referred to as a corridor between Rathmines area and Milltown. Among the locations in Dartry are Dartry Road, Temple Road, Orwell Park and Palmerston Park.
Prioksky constituency
The Prioksky constituency (No. 130) is a Russian legislative constituency in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. The constituency stretches from southern Nizhny Novgorod to southern Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, including the cities Arzamas and Sarov.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Yevgeny Lebedev, former Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast and NITEL board chair, who won the open seat after defeating one-term United Russia incumbent Denis Moskvin in the primary.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
KDWB-FM
KDWB-FM (101.3 MHz) is a commercial radio station broadcasting in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota, licensed to suburban Richfield. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, and airs a contemporary hit radio format.

KDWB has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts. KDWB's transmitter broadcasts from the KMSP Tower in Shoreview.

KDWB has an auxiliary transmitter with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 32,540 watts located at the IDS Center in Downtown Minneapolis. Studios are located in St. Louis Park.

KMWA
KMWA (96.3 FM; "Air1") is a non-commercial FM radio station licensed to Edina, Minnesota, and serving the Twin Cities area. The station is owned by the Educational Media Foundation, and airs programming from EMF's nationally syndicated "Air1" radio format featuring Christian Worship Music. KMWA's transmitter is located in New Hope.
William Clark Company Thread Mill
The William Clark Company Thread Mill is a historic textile mill complex at Pawcatuck Avenue and River Road in the Pawcatuck village of Stonington, Connecticut.  Developed beginning in 1892, it is a well-preserved example of a late 19th-century mill, which was a major economic force in the region.  The mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Stonington, Connecticut
Stonington is a town located on Long Island Sound in New London County, Connecticut. The municipal limits of the town include the borough of Stonington, the villages of Pawcatuck, Lords Point, and Wequetequock, and the eastern halves of the villages of Mystic and Old Mystic. Stonington is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population of the town was 18,335 at the 2020 census. The town is home to many restored homes and preserves its long nautical history.
Zhu Zhiqie
Zhu Zhiqie (Chinese: 朱志𡐤; 1404–1455), posthumous name Prince Kang of Qin, was a prince of China's Ming dynasty. He was the son of Zhu Shangbing (Prince Yin of Qin) and Lady Tang. He was the younger brother of Zhu Zhijun (Prince Huai of Qin) and Zhu Zhigeng (Prince Xi of Qin). In 1422, he was made Prince of Fuping (富平王), and in 1428, he inherited the title of Prince of Qin.

Zhu Zhiqie died in 1455. Three years later, the Qin principality was inherited by his son, Zhu Gongxi (Prince Hui of Qin).

Zhu Shangbing
Zhu Shangbing (Chinese: 朱尚炳; 25 November 1380 – 21 April 1412), posthumous name Prince Yin of Qin (秦隱王), was a prince of the Chinese Ming dynasty. He was the eldest son of Zhu Shuang (Prince Min of Qin), the ninth grandson of the Hongwu Emperor, and the maternal grandson of Deng Yu.

In 1395, he inherited the noble title of Prince of Qin and became the first hereditary prince (世子) in the Ming dynasty to inherit the title of prince (藩王). Zhu Shangbing once suppressed the rebellion of Gao Fuxing (高福興), a native of Mian County (沔縣).
Colonial Exposition Issue
The Colonial Exposition Issue was the first omnibus issue of the French colonial empire. Issued in 1931, in conjunction with the Paris Colonial Exposition, it consisted of four different engraved designs, denominated in the local currency. 26 French territories participated.

The four designs had themes reflecting those of the exposition:

People of the French empire (green)

Women's heads (violet)

An allegory of France showing the way to civilization (red orange)

Colonial commerce, with natives holding their wares, and a steamship in the background (blue)

Stamp inscriptions read "Exposition Coloniale Internationale Paris 1931". The designs were identical for all territories, differing only in currency, and the name of the territory, which was printed in black.   France also issued stamps for the Colonial Exposition, but with different designs.

Paris Colonial Exposition
The Paris Colonial Exhibition (or "Exposition coloniale internationale", International Colonial Exhibition) was a six-month colonial exhibition held in Paris, France, in 1931 that attempted to display the diverse cultures and immense resources of France's colonial possessions.
Vassbygda, Agdenes
Vassbygda is a village in Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located near the mouth of the Trondheimsfjorden across from the town of Brekstad in Ørland Municipality. The Agdenes Lighthouse lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the east of the village and the village of Vernes and the Agdenes Church are both located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southwest of Vassbygda. The Brekstad–Valset Ferry lies just east of Vassbygda, connecting it to Brekstad to the north.

Agdenes Church
Agdenes Church (Norwegian: Agdenes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Orkland Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Vernes along the Trondheimsleia in the north part of the municipality, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of Vassbygda. It is the main church for the Agdenes parish which is part of the Orkdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1857 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Heinrich Grosch. The church seats about 200 people.
Frank Leech
Frank Leech (1900 – 2 January 1953) was a prominent Anarchist in Glasgow, Scotland.

He ran several newspapers, among them Fighting Call, later incorporating another paper, Freedom.

He also ran a radical bookshop, Bakunin Press Bookshop, on  Buchanan Street, Glasgow, named after anarchist Mikhail Bakunin.  The shop was associated with the Anti-Parliamentary Communist Federation.

Anarchist Federation of Britain
The Anarchist Federation of Britain participated in the anti-war movement during World War II, organising a number of strike actions and providing support to conscientious objectors. Over time it gravitated towards anarcho-syndicalism, causing a split in the organisation, with the remnants reconstituting themselves as the Syndicalist Workers Federation.
Rugby (automobile)
The Rugby was a brand of automobiles assembled by the Durant Motors Company of New York City, New York (USA). Beside badges and right-hand drive for some models, the vehicle was identical to Durant's Star car, and was assigned to export markets by Durant Motors, due to the name Star being under copyright by the Star Motor Company in the British Commonwealth.

Leaside
Leaside (/'liːˌsaɪd/) is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located northeast of Downtown Toronto, in the vicinity of Eglinton Avenue East and Bayview Avenue. It is one of the most expensive and exclusive neighbourhoods in the city. The area takes its name from William Lea and the Lea family, who settled there in the early years of the 19th century. The area first developed as farmland along with Toronto through the 19th century. It was incorporated as a town in 1913. In 1967, it amalgamated with the township of East York to form the borough of East York. In 1998, it became part of the city of Toronto.
Demographics of Madagascar
Demographic features of the population of Madagascar include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Madagascar's population is predominantly of mixed Austronesian and East-African origin.

Since the country's independence in 1960, three general census of population and dwellings (RGPH) have been conducted by the national statistics office INSTAT under the supervision of the ministry of economy. The first census in 1975 counted 7.4 million Malagasy people, the second one in 1993 censused 12.3 million citizens and the 18 May to 10 June 2018 census numbered 25,674,186 inhabitants.

Christianity in Madagascar
As of 2020, Christianity is practiced by 85.3% of Madagascar's population, according to the Pew Research Center. However, other surveys put the figure at 58%. Malagasy Christianity is generally practised in syncretic form with traditional religious practices.
CO Roubaix-Tourcoing
Club Olympique de Roubaix-Tourcoing was a football club based in Roubaix, France. The team was founded in 1945 in a merge of three clubs: Excelsior AC Roubaix, RC Roubaix and US Tourcoing. In the 1946–47 season, the club won the Division 1. The club later fell into the lower levels of French football and was eventually dissolved on 15 June 1970.

US Tourquennoise
Union Sportive Tourquennoise, commonly shortened to US Tourcoing, is a French football club founded in 1902 and based in Tourcoing. The club played in the Championnat National 3 (and its previous incarnation at the fifth level) for five seasons since 2014–2015 after finishing first in the Division Honneur of Nord-Pas-de-Calais during the 2013–2014 season, but were relegated back to the sixth level in 2019.
Ballinamere GAA
Ballinamere GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Ballykilmurry, County Offaly, Ireland. The club, having previously fielded teams in both codes, is now primarily concerned with the game of hurling.

Today, facilities include two pitches, a gym, and a fully-lit walking track. The club's main sponsor is Molloy Precast & Environmental Systems.

Offaly Intermediate Hurling Championship
The Offaly Intermediate Hurling Championship is an annual hurling competition contested by mid-tier Offaly GAA clubs. The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1929.