hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polans (western)
The Polans (Polish: Polanie; Latin: Polani, Polanos), also known as Polanians or Western Polans (Polish: Polanie Zachodni; Latin: Polani Occidentis), were a West Slavic and Lechitic tribe who inhabited the Warta River basin of the contemporary Greater Poland region starting in the 6th century.

They were one of Central Europe's main tribes and closely related to the Vistulans, Masovians, Czechs and Slovaks. According to Zygmunt Gloger, their name was derived from the word "pole", meaning "field", thus denoting them as "men of the fields".

Civitas Schinesghe
Civitas Schinesghe (Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈtʃivitas skiˈnesɡe]; Polish: Państwo Gnieźnieńskie), commonly referred to in historiography as the Duchy of Poland or the Principality of Poland, was the early medieval polity centered around Gniezno and ruled by the Piast dynasty. It emerged in the 10th century and is considered the predecessor state of the Kingdom of Poland, which was formally established in 1025.
Tadibya
Tadibya (tádyebya; Russian: тадебя) is the mediator between the ordinary world and the upper- and underworlds of the spirits among the Nenets people. The Nenets rank their shamans by their spiritual attachment and function as well as their experience.

Nenets
The Nenets (Nenets: ненэй ненэче, romanized: nenəj nenəče; Russian: ненцы, romanized: nentsy), in the past also called 'Samoyeds' or 'Yuraks', are a Samoyedic ethnic group native to the Russian Arctic, in the Russian Far North. According to the latest census in 2021, there were 49,646 Nenets in the Russian Federation, most of them living in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District stretching along the coastline of the Arctic Ocean near the Arctic Circle between Kola and Taymyr peninsulas. The Nenets people speak either the Tundra or Forest Nenets languages. In the Russian Federation they have a status of Indigenous small-numbered peoples. Today, the Nenets people face numerous challenges from the state and oil and gas companies that threaten the environment and their way of life. As a result, many cite a rise in locally based activism.
Scraggane
Scraggane (Irish: An Scragán) is a fishing port located on the Maharees peninsula near Castlegregory in County Kerry, Ireland.

The main local catch consists of lobster, flat-back crab, spider crab, Atlantic crayfish, Atlantic salmon and mackerel. Scraggane is home to a fleet of about twenty fishing trawlers.

Scraggane Bay is used as a flatwater windsurfing venue owing, and is also sailable in almost any conditions, regardless of wind direction.

Castlegregory
Castlegregory (Irish: Caisleán Ghriaire, meaning "castle of Griaire") is a village in County Kerry, Ireland. It is situated on the north side of the Dingle Peninsula, halfway between Tralee and Dingle. As of the 2022 census, Castlegregory had a population of 370.

Castlegregory was named after a castle built by Gregory Hoare in the 16th century. It is the principal village in Lettragh, the name given to the northern side of the Dingle Peninsula.
Andamukkam
Andamukkam or Aandamukkam is a neighbourhood of Kollam city in Kerala, India. It is a part of Downtown Kollam. Andamukkam is one of the prime commercial centres of Kollam city, which was once the most important port city of India. The city bus stand in Kollam is in Andamukkam. Proximity of Andamukkam with other neighbourhoods of Kollam is making it a prime commercial centre and transportation hub of the city.

Andamukkam City bus stand
Andamukkam City bus stand, Kollam, is one of the two bus stands in the city of Kollam in the Indian state of Kerala. Situated in the Downtown Kollam area, it is also known as Andamukkam private bus stand. The bus stand is only for private city buses and Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) ordinary bus services running to Chinnakada. It is the starting point of various city bus services connecting Chinnakada to Mayyanad, Elampalloor, Sakthikulangara, Chavara, Thoppilkadavu, Prakkulam, Kottiyam, Perumon and Kadavoor. KSRTC have plans to start an operations centre at the bus station.
North Carolina Shipbuilding Company
North Carolina Shipbuilding Company was a shipyard in Wilmington, North Carolina, created as part of the U.S. Government's Emergency Shipbuilding Program in the early days of World War II. From 1941 through 1946, the company built 243 ships in all, beginning with the Liberty ship SS Zebulon B. Vance, and including 54 ships of the US Navy. Most of the latter were attack cargo ships (AKA), amphibious force flagships (AGC) and ammunition ships (AE).

USS Tolland
USS Tolland (AKA-64) was the lead ship of her class of attack cargo ships of the United States Navy. Named after Tolland County, Connecticut, she was designed to carry military cargo and landing craft, and to use the latter to land weapons, supplies, and Marines on enemy shores during amphibious operations. USS Tolland served as a commissioned ship for 21 months.

Tolland was laid down as a Type C2-S-AJ3 ship under a Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1385) on 22 April 1944 at Wilmington, N.C., by the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company; launched on 26 June 1944; sponsored by Miss Beverley Peebles; delivered to the Navy under loan-charter on 13 August 1944; and commissioned at Charleston, South Carolina, on 4 September 1944.
Kurt Schneider
Kurt Schneider (7 January 1887 – 27 October 1967) was a German psychiatrist known largely for his writing on the diagnosis and understanding of schizophrenia, as well as personality disorders then known as psychopathic personalities.

Gemütlose psychopathy
Gemütlose psychopathy was one of the initial seven forms of psychopathy identified by Emil Kraepelin and later psychiatrists. It was of particular interest to forensic psychiatrists and criminologists as it and haltlose personality disorder were considered the only two psychopathies that "had high levels of criminal behavior" without external influence, and thus made up the minority of psychopaths who are "virtually doomed to commit crimes" by virtue only of their own constitution.

They were described by Kurt Schneider as essentially lacking honor, pity, shame, remorse or conscience.

It is not a term in regular use today, but was used to describe what is today known as antisocial personality disorder.
Ouara, Benin
Ouara is a town and arrondissement in the Alibori Department of northeastern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Gogounou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 9,606.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
St. John's Building
St. John's Building (Chinese: 聖約翰大廈) is a skyscraper in Central on Hong Kong Island of Hong Kong. Owned and operated by Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, it is built on the slope beside Garden Road and Cotton Tree Drive.  The ground floor serves as the Garden Road terminus of the Peak Tram.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
Ozma of Oz
Ozma of Oz is the third book of L. Frank Baum's Oz series, published in 1907. The full title of the first edition read Ozma of Oz: A Record of Her Adventures with Dorothy Gale of Kansas, Billina the Yellow Hen, the Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, the Cowardly Lion and the Hungry Tiger; Besides Other Good People Too Numerous to Mention Faithfully Recorded Herein. The book was illustrated throughout in color by artist John R. Neill.

Princess Ozma
Princess Ozma of Oz, formerly known as Tippetarius, is a fictional character from the Land of Oz, created by American author L. Frank Baum. She appears for the first time in the second Oz book, The Marvelous Land of Oz (1904), and in every Oz book thereafter.
Atzara
Atzara (Sardinian: Atzàra) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Cagliari and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Nuoro.

Atzara borders the following municipalities: Belvì, Meana Sardo, Samugheo, Sorgono. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Lord John Stewart
Lord John Stewart (23 October 1621 – 29 March 1644) was a Scottish aristocrat who served as a Royalist commander in the English Civil War. He was one of six sons of Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox and his wife Katherine Clifton, 2nd Baroness Clifton, and the brother of James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond.

With his youngest brother, Lord Bernard Stewart, he embarked on a three-year tour of the continent in 1639, before returning to join the King's cause in the Civil War as a General.  He was killed on 29 March 1644 at the Battle of Cheriton near New Alresford in Hampshire.

Only one of his brothers, Lodovic, survived the war to see the restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox
Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox (1579 – 30 July 1624), KG, 7th Seigneur d'Aubigny, lord of the Manor of Cobham, Kent, was a Scottish nobleman and through his paternal lines was a second cousin of King James VI of Scotland and I of England. He was a patron of the playwright Ben Jonson who lived in his household for five years.
Roderic Bowen Library and Archive
The Roderic Bowen Library and Archives (or RBLA),  housing university archives and special collections, is located inside the library building of the University of Wales Trinity Saint David (UWTSD) Lampeter campus. The Lampeter campus is home to the oldest degree-granting institution in Wales, the former St David's College, and as such its Special Collections house significant information about the early history of higher education in Wales, alongside major donations from its founder the Anglican Bishop Thomas Burgess, and benefactors such as the East India Company surgeon and owner of enslaved people Thomas Phillips. The RBLA is named after Evan Roderic Bowen, Welsh Liberal Party politician, and president of the University of Wales, Lampeter, now part of UWTSD, from 1977-1992.

University of Wales Trinity Saint David
The University of Wales Trinity Saint David (Welsh: Prifysgol Cymru Y Drindod Dewi Sant) is a public university with campuses in Carmarthen, Swansea, Cardiff, Birmingham and London.

The university came into existence through the merger of the two oldest higher education institutions in Wales, the University of Wales, Lampeter (UWL) and Trinity University College (TUC) in 2010, under Lampeter's royal charter of 1828. In 2011, it was announced that the University of Wales would also merge into Trinity Saint David. On 1 August 2013 the university merged with Swansea Metropolitan University. King Charles III  has been patron of the university since 2011. The Vice-Chancellor has been Elwen Evans since June 2023.

The university also collaborated with the University of Malaya in 2013 to establish University of Malaya-Wales, a private university in Malaysia.
Lügde
Lügde (German pronunciation: [ˈlʏçtə] ⓘ) is a town in the Lippe district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with c. 9,300 inhabitants (2023).

The first written mention of Lügde appears in 784, in the annals of the Frankish Empire, when Charlemagne visited the village during the Saxon Wars. During these wars Charlemagne celebrated his first Christmas in Saxony in Lügde, and the site then became the location of the first church to be built in Saxony. The gothic church, dedicated to Saint Kilian, was rebuilt in the 12th century and still stands today. The church is known as the Kilians-Kirche.

In 2019 Lügde made national news as the site of a series of child rapes on a campground; investigators estimate 1,000 child rapes were committed over the course of 10 years.

Lippe (district)
Lippe (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪpə]) is a Kreis (district) in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Herford, Minden-Lübbecke, Höxter, Paderborn, Gütersloh, and district-free Bielefeld, which forms the region  Ostwestfalen-Lippe.

The district of Lippe is named after the Lords of Lippe, who originally lived on the river Lippe and founded Lippstadt there, and their Principality of Lippe. It was a state within the Holy Roman Empire and retained statehood until 1947, when it became a district of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Bureya grayling
The Bureya grayling (Thymallus burejensis) is a grayling in the salmon family Salmonidae. It is found in the basin of the Bureya, a tributary of the Amur, Russian Far East. In its natural freshwater habitat it is sympatric with other grayling species.

Thymallus
Thymallus, commonly known as graylings, is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish and the only genus within the subfamily Thymallinae of the family Salmonidae. Although all Thymallus species can be generically called graylings, without specific qualification the term "grayling" typically refers to the type species Thymallus thymallus, the European grayling.
Jon Krakauer
Jon Krakauer (born April 12, 1954) is an American writer and mountaineer. He is the author of bestselling nonfiction books—Into the Wild; Into Thin Air; Under the Banner of Heaven; and Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman—as well as numerous magazine articles. He was a member of an ill-fated expedition to summit Mount Everest in 1996, one of the deadliest disasters in the history of climbing Everest.

Eiger Dreams
Eiger Dreams: Ventures Among Men and Mountains is a non-fiction collection of articles and essays by Jon Krakauer on mountaineering and rock climbing. Eleven out of twelve of the chapters were initially published between 1982 and 1989 in the magazines Outside, Smithsonian, and New Age Journal.
White House Transportation Agency
The White House Transportation Agency (WHTA) provides motor vehicle transportation to the White House as directed by the White House Military Office. This includes 24/7 ground transportation for the president's family, the White House staff, official visitors of the first family and other authorized personnel. Members of the WHTA perform all duties associated with transportation, including driving armored cars, preparing Air Force One for take-off, and driving in the presidential motorcade. Staff of the agency are all non-commissioned officers of the United States Army.

White House Military Office
The White House Military Office (WHMO) is a department within the White House Office that provides military support for White House functions, including presidential transportation, communications, medical support, food service, and hospitality. The White House Military Office is headed by the White House Military Office director.
Elaeagnus macrophylla
Elaeagnus macrophylla, the broad-leaved oleaster, is a species of flowering plant native to eastern Asia.

Growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall by 8 m (26 ft) broad, it is a substantial spreading evergreen shrub, with round glossy leaves which are silvery when young. Heavily fragrant cream flowers in autumn are followed by red fruit in spring.

Elaeagnus × submacrophylla, formerly known as Elaeagnus × ebbingei, is a hybrid between E. macrophylla and E. pungens. The hybrid and its  cultivars are grown in gardens as ornamental plants.

Elaeagnus × submacrophylla
Elaeagnus × submacrophylla, formerly known as Elaeagnus × ebbingei, is a hybrid between Elaeagnus macrophylla and Elaeagnus pungens. Several cultivars, including 'Gilt Edge', are grown in gardens as ornamental plants. Both the hybrid and 'Gilt Edge' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Wenzhou South railway station
Wenzhounan (Wenzhou South) railway station (simplified Chinese: 温州南站; traditional Chinese: 溫州南站; pinyin: Wēnzhōu-nán zhàn) is a railway station located in Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, on the Wenzhou–Fuzhou railway, Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou railway, and Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway which are operated by China Railway Shanghai Group, China Railway Corporation.

Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway
Jinhua–Wenzhou high-speed railway, also known as Jinhua–Lishui–Wenzhou high-speed railway as well as the Jinhua–Wenzhou railway expansion renovation project, is a high-speed railway operated by China Railway Shanghai Group in Zhejiang province. This line follows a similar route to the conventional Jinhua-Wenzhou Railway but has stations unique to this line. It connects the cities of Jinhua and Wenzhou, via Wuyi County, Yongkang, Jinyun County, Lishui, Qingtian County, Wenzhou's Ouhai and Lucheng District. It then connects the following railways Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway's Hangzhou–Changsha section and Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen high-speed railway's Ningbo–Taizhou–Wenzhou Railway and Wenzhou-Fuzhou Railway sections.
Mahnomen County, Minnesota
Mahnomen County (/məˈnoʊmən/ mə-NOH-mən) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,411. Its county seat is Mahnomen.

The county is part of the White Earth Indian Reservation. It is the only county in Minnesota entirely within an Indian reservation. Mahnomen, East Polk, and Becker counties constitute one of northwestern Minnesota's biggest cattle-raising areas.

Norman County, Minnesota
Norman County is a county in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,441, and was estimated to be 6,284 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Ada. The county is in Minnesota's Red River Valley region.
WTFPL
The WTFPL is a permissive free software license. As a public domain like license, the WTFPL is essentially the same as dedication to the public domain. It allows redistribution and modification of the work under any terms. The name is an abbreviation of Do What The Fuck You Want To Public License.

The first version of the WTFPL, released in March 2000, was written by Banlu Kemiyatorn for his own software project. Sam Hocevar, Debian's former project leader, wrote version 2.

Free-software license
A free-software license is a notice that grants the recipient of a piece of software extensive rights to modify and redistribute that software.  These actions are usually prohibited by copyright law, but the rights-holder (usually the author) of a piece of software can remove these restrictions by accompanying the software with a software license which grants the recipient these rights.  Software using such a license is free software (or free and open-source software) as conferred by the copyright holder. Free-software licenses are applied to software in source code and also binary object-code form, as the copyright law recognizes both forms.
Arinos
Arinos is a municipality in northern Minas Gerais state in Brazil. Arinos is located east of the Federal District on the Urucuia River, a major tributary of the São Francisco.  The city is 333 km from Brasília.

The municipality belongs to the  statistical microregion of Unaí Microregion, which has 9 municipalities.  Neighboring municipalities are:

North: Formosa

West: Buritis and Unaí

East: Urucuia and Chapada Gaúcha

Arinos has poor highway connections leading east to the Sao Francisco river and to the state capital of Belo Horizonte, but a better road leading west to the national capital of Brasília.  Few of the roads in the town are paved.  There is a fully paved road (BR-479) leading west to Cabeceiras to join the important BR-020, 22 kilometers east of Formosa.  The distance is approximately 165 kilometers.  Another paved road leads west, then southwest to Garapuava, and continues southwest to the important regional center of Unaí.

Chapada Gaúcha
Chapada Gaúcha is a municipality in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The population in 2020 was 13,953 in an area of 3,215 km2.  The elevation of the municipal seat is 872 meters.  It became a municipality in 1997.  The postal code (CEP) is 39314-000.
A. H. S. Ataul Karim
A. H. S. Ataul Karim (1931/1932 – 28 July 2010) was a Bangladesh diplomat, foreign secretary, and an ambassador of Bangladesh to the United States and Indoneisa. He was also a Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations.

Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations
The Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations is the head of the Permanent Mission of Bangladesh to the United Nations. The Permanent Representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations is the foremost representative of Bangladesh to the United Nations and holds of the rank of ambassador.
BRAF (gene)
BRAF is a human gene that encodes a protein called B-Raf. The gene is also referred to as proto-oncogene B-Raf and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B, while the protein is more formally known as serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf.

The B-Raf protein is involved in sending signals inside cells which are involved in directing cell growth. In 2002, it was shown to be mutated in some human cancers.

Certain other inherited BRAF mutations cause birth defects.

Drugs that treat cancers driven by BRAF mutations have been developed. Two of these drugs, vemurafenib and dabrafenib, are approved by FDA for treatment of late-stage melanoma. Vemurafenib was the first approved drug to come out of fragment-based drug discovery.

Non-small-cell lung cancer
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. As a class, non-small-cell lung cancers are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma. When possible, they are primarily treated by surgical resection with curative intent, although chemotherapy has been used increasingly both preoperatively (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and postoperatively (adjuvant chemotherapy).