hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Communism in India
Communism in India has existed as a social or political ideology as well as a political movement since the 1920s. In its early years, communist ideology was harshly suppressed through legal prohibitions and criminal prosecutions. Eventually, communist parties became ensconced in national party politics, sprouting several political offshoots.

Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD, lit. 'National People's Party') is an Indian political party, mainly based in the state of Bihar. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.

The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of the lower castes. In 2008, RJD received the status of recognized national level party following its performance in north-eastern states. RJD was derecognised as a national party on 30 July 2010. Leading the Mahagathbandhan alliance with 35 MLAs, it is currently the official opposition in Bihar. RJD is part of Ruling Government in Jharkhand and Kerala with its allies in Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) and LDF respectively.
Adrichem Castle
52°29′21″N 4°40′10″E﻿ / ﻿52.489296°N 4.669525°E﻿ / 52.489296; 4.669525

Adrichem Castle (Dutch: Huis Adrichem or Dutch: Kasteel Adrichem) was located in Beverwijk, the Netherlands. Constructed as a stronghold in the Middle Ages, it served in the 17th and 18th century as a country retreat for rich merchant families from Amsterdam. At the start of the 19th century, during the French reign over the Netherlands, it has been demolished. Today, nothing remains from the castle and it is home to a camping.

Beverwijk
Beverwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌbeːvərˈʋɛik] ⓘ) is an industrial port city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. The town is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Amsterdam in the Randstad metropolitan area, north of the North Sea Canal very close to the North Sea coast. A railway tunnel and two motorway tunnels cross the canal between Beverwijk and the nearby city of Haarlem on the south side of the canal.

Around 1640, a town called Beverwyck was founded in the Dutch colony of New Netherland. That town would become the city of Albany, the state capital of New York.
Western crested guinea fowl
The western crested guinea fowl (Guttera verreauxi) is a species of guinea fowl native to sub-Saharan Africa. It can be found from Guinea-Bissau to Cameroon, Kenya, Zambia, and Angola, where it inhabits open forest, woodland and forest-savanna mosaics. It is one of three species that were formerly considered to be one and the same species, the crested guinea fowl.

Crested guinea fowl
The crested guinea fowl (Guttera sp.) are a group of three species and members of the Numididae, the guinea fowl bird family. They are found in open forest, woodland and forest-savanna mosaics in sub-Saharan Africa.
Andrews University Seminary Studies
Andrews University Seminary Studies is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary at Andrews University. It was established in 1963 and publishes research articles and brief notes on biblical archaeology and history of antiquity, the Hebrew Bible, New Testament, church history of all periods, historical, biblical, and systematic theology, ethics, history of religion and mission, and Christian ministry and education. The journal is abstracted and indexed in the ATLA Religion Database.

Andrews University
Andrews University (Andrews) is a private Seventh-day Adventist university in Berrien Springs, Michigan. Founded in 1874 as Battle Creek College, it was the first higher education facility started by Seventh-day Adventists and is the flagship university of the Seventh-day Adventist school system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

The university consists of eight schools or colleges, offering 130 undergraduate majors and 70 graduate majors in addition to graduate degree programs. It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and the Adventist Accrediting Association (AAA).
Society of Architects
The Society of Architects was an organisation of architects that was formed in 1884 and continued until 1925.  At that time Fellows and Associates comprised two distinct classes of membership of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). They were respectively entitled to use the post-nominal affix "FRIBA" or "ARIBA". The formation of the Society of Architects was a result of a campaign by a group of associates to be allowed to vote on the affairs of the Institute which the Fellowship class had resisted.

Chartered Association of Building Engineers
The Chartered Association of Building Engineers (CABE) is a professional body for building engineers in the United Kingdom and overseas. CABE was founded as the Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors (IAAS) in 1925 in London, and then received its Royal Charter in 2014 and the association renamed as the Chartered Association of Building Engineers. CABE is headquartered in Northampton, United Kingdom.

The association is the professional body for building engineering in the UK, with the ability to award the status of Chartered Building Engineer (C.Build E) under its Royal Charter, and through the Engineering Council the awards of Chartered Engineer (CEng). CABE is a full member of the Construction Industry Council.
Hiraizumi
Hiraizumi (平泉町, Hiraizumi-chō) is a town located in Nishiiwai District, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2020, the town had an estimated population of 7,408 and a population density of 120 inhabitants per square kilometre (310/sq mi) in 2,616 households. The total area of the town was 63.39 km2 (24.48 sq mi). It is noted for the Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi, which achieved UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2011.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Saint Charles Preparatory School
Saint Charles Preparatory School is a four-year Catholic college preparatory school in Columbus, Ohio, US. It was founded in 1923 by the fourth bishop of Columbus, James J. Hartley, as a Roman Catholic college and high school seminary. Today, it is an all-male high school serving the Catholic Diocese of Columbus.

The school's patron is Saint Charles Borromeo, and its motto is Building Better Men. The previous motto, Euntes Ergo Docete Omnes Gentes, was a quote from the Gospel of Matthew (28:19) in the Latin Vulgate: "Going out, therefore, teach all nations." It was replaced with the current motto in 2023 to celebrate the school's 100th anniversary. The original nickname of Saint Charles students is "Carolians", derived from the Latin word "Carolus," which means "Charles." In 1947, the students also began to refer to themselves as "Cardinals."  The Saint Charles sports mascot is Charlie the Cardinal.

Charles Borromeo
Charles Borromeo (Italian: Carlo Borromeo; Latin: Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584. He was made a cardinal in 1560.

Borromeo founded the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine and was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation together with Ignatius of Loyola and Philip Neri. In that role, he was responsible for significant reforms in the Catholic Church, including the founding of seminaries for the education of priests. He was canonized in 1610 and his feast day is 4 November.
97th meridian east
The meridian 97° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 97th meridian east forms a great circle with the 83rd meridian west.

83rd meridian west
The meridian 83° west of Greenwich is a line of longitudethat extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, Costa Rica, Panama the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 83rd meridian west forms a great circle with the 97th meridian east.
Date Masamune
Date Masamune (伊達 政宗; DAH-tay; September 5, 1567 – June 27, 1636) was a Japanese samurai and daimyō during the Azuchi–Momoyama period through the early Edo period. Heir to a long line of powerful feudal lords in the Tōhoku region, he went on to found the modern-day city of Sendai. An outstanding tactician, he was made all the more iconic for his missing eye, as Masamune was often called dokuganryū (独眼竜), or the "One-Eyed Dragon of Ōshū". 
As a legendary warrior and leader, Masamune is a character in a number of Japanese period dramas.

Sōma clan
The Sōma clan (相馬氏, Sōma-shi)  was a Japanese samurai clan that ruled the northern Hamadōri  region of southern Mutsu Province in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan for over 700 years, from the Kamakura period through the Meiji Restoration of 1868. The Sōma claimed descent from the Taira clan via the Chiba clan and took their name from the Chiba clan territories in Sōma District of northern Shimōsa Province. The clan moved its seat from Shimōsa to Mutsu Province in the early Kamakura period, and were confirmed as daimyō of Sōma Nakamura Domain under the Edo-period Tokugawa shogunate.

During the Boshin War of 1868–69, the Sōma clan fought on the side of the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei, supporting the Tokugawa regime. After the Meiji Restoration, the head of the Sōma clan became part of the kazoku peerage, with Sōma Aritane receiving the title of shishaku (Viscount).
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Westmoreland County is a county in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census the population was 354,663. The county seat is Greensburg and the most populous community is Hempfield Township. It is named after Westmorland, a historic county of England. The county is part of the Southwest Pennsylvania region of the state.

Pennsylvania Route 56
Pennsylvania Route 56 (PA 56) is a 108-mile-long (174 km) state highway that is located in west central Pennsylvania in the United States.

Its western terminus is situated at the eastern end of the C.L. Schmitt Bridge in New Kensington. Its eastern terminus is located on U.S. Route 30 (US 30) west of Bedford.
Riesen Ludwigsburg
BG Ludwigsburg, for sponsorship reasons MHP Riesen Ludwigsburg (English: Giants Ludwigsburg), is a professional basketball club that is based in Ludwigsburg, Germany. The club currently plays in the Basketball Bundesliga (BBL), the first tier of basketball in Germany.

Founded in 1960 as DJK Ludwigsburg, the club has been a regular in the BBL since the 1986–87 season, when the team promoted from the second division 2. Basketball Bundesliga. Between the period 1970–2012, the team was also known as SpVgg 07 Ludwigsburg and BSG Basket, before changing its name at the end of the sponsorship agreement with EnBW.

Ludwigsburg
Ludwigsburg (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtvɪçsˌbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of Stuttgart city centre, near the river Neckar. It is the largest and primary city of the Ludwigsburg district with about 94,000 inhabitants. It is situated within the Stuttgart Region, and the district is part of the administrative region (Regierungsbezirk) of Stuttgart.
Mehrab Shahrokhi
Mehrab Shahrokhi (Persian: مهراب شاهرخی; February 2, 1944 – February 1, 1993) was an Iranian footballer.
He was an Afro-Iranian from Khuzestan Province. He was nicknamed The Black Bomber (Persian: بمب افکن سیاه) because of his style of play and dark skin and his strong kicks.

Afro-Iranians
Afro-Iranians (Persian: ایرانیان آفریقایی‌تبار) refers to Iranian people with significant black ancestry. Most Afro-Iranians are concentrated in the southern provinces of Iran, including Hormozgan, Sistan and Balochistan, Bushehr, Khuzestan, and Fars. They are split between Afro-Iranians who identify as Persians, Iranian Arabs, or Balochs.
Manattara
Manattara is nearby place of Neerattupuram. It is an Upper Kuttanad area and the bank of Pampa River. It is home to the old Subramanya temple.

Ramavarmapurathu Tharavadu was located in Manattara. "Judge Ammavan" who is worshipped in the famous "Cheruvally Devi Temple" hails from this family. The original Tharavadu got branched into different families like Ramavarmapurathu-Thoppil, Ramavarmapurathu-Madothilaraodu, Ramavarmapurathu-Padinjareveedu.

Neerattupuram
Neerattupuram is a place in Kuttanad, Alappuzha district, Kerala, India. It is a part of Thalavady Grama Panchayat, situated near the junction of Alappuzha, Pathanamthitta and Kottayam districts, at the confluence of Pamba and Manimala rivers.
Norwegian Forest Owners Association
Norwegian Forest Owners Association (Norwegian: Norges Skogeierforbund) is an association representing 43,000 owners of forest in Norway. The main functions of the organisation is to assist the members, who are mostly farmers, to manage their forest. This includes forestry plans, part of the cutting of timer and negotiating agreements with lumber mills and paper mills. The association is one of the 13 agricultural cooperatives in Norway and based in Oslo with 366 local groups and eight district organisations, organised as BAs. In 2005 83% of all domestic timber was organised through the association.

The eight regional organisations are Havass Skog, Glommen Skog, Mjøsen Skog, Viken Skog, AT Skog, Vestskog, Sogn og Fjordane Skogeigarlag and ALLSKOG. Both the regional and central associations hold major ownerships of Norske Skog and Moelven Industrier. The associations are members of the Confederation of Norwegian Enterprise (NHO).

Agricultural cooperatives in Norway
The agricultural cooperatives in Norway (Norwegian: Landbrukssamvirket) consists of 13 companies, each organised as independent farmer owned cooperatives. They cover four different areas for the farmers: refining and sale of produce, financial services, breeding and insemination, and retail of agricultural equipment. All the cooperatives cooperate through the company Norsk Landbrukssamvirke. In total the companies have a revenue of NOK 58 billion and have 18,000 employees. TINE and Nortura are responsible for about a quarter of the revenue each. Though none of the cooperatives hold any monopolies, their dominant position periodical causes debate about the structure of the agricultural processing industry.
Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Rokdim Im Kokhavim season 8
Rokdim Im Kokhavim 8 is the 8th season of the popular reality TV show Rokdim Im Kokhavim. After being cancelled in 2012 due to poor rating, the show returned to Channel 12 in 2022 with hostess Lucy Ayoub and judges Anna Aronov (head judge), David Dvir, Rona-Lee Shimon and Eli Mizrahi. The 8th season featured 16 couples. The season's winner is Olympic gymnast Alex Shatilov.

Rokdim Im Kokhavim
Rokdim Im Kokhavim (Hebrew: רוקדים עם כוכבים, "Dancing with Stars") is the Israeli version of the British reality TV competition Strictly Come Dancing and is part of the Dancing with the Stars franchise. The show features local celebrities partnered with professional ballroom dancers, competing to be the most successful dancers in the contest. Each week, the couple that gains the fewest votes from the show's judges and spectators is eliminated. Viewers vote for their favorites, to save them from elimination, via phone, SMS and online. Over 350,000 votes were cast on the show's 3rd-season finale.
Ten Acres
Ten Acres, known as the Silverlake Stadium for sponsorship purposes, is a football ground in Eastleigh, Hampshire, England. It has been the home of Eastleigh F.C. since 1957 when they moved from Walnut Avenue. The ground's record attendance is 5,075 for an FA Cup third round match against Newport County on 16 January 2024.

Eastleigh F.C.
Eastleigh Football Club is a professional association football club based in Eastleigh, Hampshire, England. The team competes in the National League, the fifth level of the English football league system.

Originally formed as Swaythling Athletic in 1946, they joined the Hampshire League in 1950. In 1977, they changed their name to Swaythling before changing again in 1980 to Eastleigh. They were founder members of the Wessex League ahead of the 1986–87 season. Eastleigh remained at this level until they won the division in 2002–03. They subsequently joined the Southern League Eastern division, Isthmian League and Conference South over the following years. After two unsuccessful play-off attempts, Eastleigh were promoted to the top division of non-League as champions in the 2013–14 season. They play their home matches at The Silverlake Stadium.
Someday My Prince Will Come
"Someday My Prince Will Come"  is a song from Walt Disney's 1937 animated movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. It was written by Larry Morey (lyrics) & Frank Churchill (music), and performed by Adriana Caselotti (Snow White's voice in the movie). It was also featured in the 1979 stage adaptation of the 1937 animated musical movie. In AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs, it was ranked the 19th greatest film song of all time. The song is heard instrumentally in Jeff Morrow's underscore for the 2025 live-action remake of the original film due to the changes made to the plot.

Someday My Prince Will Come (Miles Davis album)
Someday My Prince Will Come is a studio album by American jazz musician Miles Davis, released on December 11, 1961, by Columbia Records. Recorded at Columbia's 30th Street Studio in Manhattan, New York City, it marked the only Miles Davis Quintet studio recording session to feature saxophonist Hank Mobley.
Mamai
Mamai (Mongolian: Мамай; Tatar: Мамай, romanized: Mamay; 1325?–1380/1381) was a powerful Turco-Mongol military commander who held the rank of beylerbey in the Golden Horde. He was from the Kiyat clan. Contrary to popular misconception, he was not a khan (king), but was a kingmaker for several khans, and dominated parts or all of the Golden Horde for almost two decades in the 1360s and 1370s. Although he was unable to stabilize central authority during the 14th-century Golden Horde war of succession known as the Great Troubles, Mamai remained a remarkable and persistent leader for decades, while others came and went in rapid succession. His defeat in the Battle of Kulikovo by an alliance of the Russian principalities marked the beginning of the decline of the Horde, as well as his own rapid downfall.

Tulun Beg Khanum
Tulun Beg Khanum (تولون بک خانم; died 1386) was a princess of the Golden Horde at the time of the Great Troubles. Exceptionally for this political formation, she served as monarch and had her name inscribed on coins minted in 1370–1371 at Sarai and Mokhshi. She was the only female monarch of the state.
William Griffith the Hael
William Griffith the Hael (circa 1445 to circa 1540), of Penhryn Castle, was a Welsh politician and Chamberlain of North Wales sometime after 1466.

He became a Knight of Bath in 1489. He was also the Captain of Caernarfon Castle.

He was ordered by Henry VII of England to get rid of the use of Welsh surnames.

He married Jane Troutbeck, daughter of Sir William Troutbeck. He had a son, William Griffith, who became Chamberlain of North Wales after him.

William Griffith (born 1480)
William Griffith (1480–1545) of Penrhyn Castle was a Welsh politician. He was knighted at the Siege of Tournai in 1513 and was Chamberlain of North Wales in 1520. He was with Henry VIII of England at the Sieges of Boulogne (1544–46).
Architecture of Urartu
The architecture of Urartu encompasses the construction methods, spatial organization, and urban planning of the Urartian culture, an Iron Age civilization located in Anatolia and the Armenian Highlands. The Urartians are known for their fortresses, temples, and water management systems, which were integral to their administrative and military infrastructure. The fortress of Teishebaini, named after the Urartian god Teisheba, serves as a notable example of their architectural practices.

Urartian settlements were often situated near water sources and along trade routes, reflecting their emphasis on resource accessibility and economic stability.The study of Urartian architecture provides insights into the societal organization, political structure, and cultural practices of the Urartian civilization, as well as its interactions with neighboring regions in the ancient Near East.

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
Bramshall
Bramshall is a village and former civil parish,  in the East Staffordshire district, Staffordshire, England; it is now in the parish of Uttoxeter Rural. It lies to the west of Uttoxeter, with a new housing estate to the north of it.

Uttoxeter Rural
Uttoxeter Rural is a civil parish in the borough of East Staffordshire, Staffordshire, England, comprising the villages of Stramshall and Bramshall. It is separate from the town of Uttoxeter, and surrounds it to the north, west and south.

The population was 1,617 at the 2021 census, a 2.7% increase since 2011.

Until 1974, there was a Uttoxeter Rural District that covered a larger area.