hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heide–Karolinenkoog railway
The Heide–Karolinenkoog railway was a now closed line in the Dithmarschen district in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein, connecting the district seat of Heide via Weddingstedt with the ferry over the Eider in Karolinenkoog. A section of the line north of Heide, a few kilometres long, is now part of the Heide–Büsum railway.

West Holstein Railway Company
The West Holstein Railway Company was founded in 1875 with the aim of connecting the west Holstein region in the present-day district of Dithmarschen in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein with the railway junction of Neumünster and beyond with the cities of Kiel and Lübeck. Its creation involved the Kingdom of Prussia, the Altona-Kiel Railway Company, neighbouring villages and towns and the town of Tonning.
Vanadyl acetylacetonate
Vanadyl acetylacetonate is the chemical compound with the formula VO(acac)2, where acac– is the conjugate base of acetylacetone. It is a blue-green solid that dissolves in polar organic solvents. The coordination complex consists of the vanadyl group, VO2+, bound to two acac– ligands via the two oxygen atoms on each. Like other charge-neutral acetylacetonate complexes, it is not soluble in water.

Vanadyl ion
The vanadyl ion or oxovanadium(IV) cation, VO2+, is a functional group that is common in the coordination chemistry of vanadium.  Complexes containing this functional group are characteristically blue or purple and paramagnetic.  A triple bond is proposed to exist between the V4+ and O2− centers. The description of the bonding in the vanadyl ion was central to the development of modern ligand-field theory.
Keaunui
Keaunui (Hawaiian for "Keau the Great") was a High Chief of ʻEwa, Waiʻanae and Waialua in ancient Hawaii. He was a member of the Nanaulu line and is also known as Keaunui-a-Maweke.

His mother was High Chiefess Naiolaukea, also known as Naiolakea. (In ancient Hawaii, it was common for nobles to have many names.)

His father was a high chief and “wizard” called Maweke, an Aliʻi of "the blue blood".

He had brothers named Mulielealiʻi and Kalehenui.

Keaunui married a woman named Wehelani (Hawaiian: lani = "sky"), and their children were:

High Chief Laakona of ʻEwa

High Chiefess and "witch" Nuakea of Molokai

High Chief and "wizard" Moʻi

Keaunui had a granddaughter, Chiefess Kapau-a-Nuʻakea of Molokai.

Keaunui is traditionally credited with opening a navigable channel at Pearl Harbor.

Kalehenui
Chief Kalehenui (Hawaiian for "Kalehe the Great") was an ancient Hawaiian nobleman (Aliʻi) of Tahitian ancestry, and he lived on Oahu.

He was a son of wizard Maweke (chief of the highest known rank) and his wife Naiolaukea, and thus a brother of Chiefs Mulielealiʻi and Keaunui, who was the father of the very High Chiefess Nuakea of Molokai.

It was Kalehenui who was a ruler of Koʻolau Range; dominion over Koʻolau was given to Kalehenui by Maweke.
The Moors, Bishop's Waltham
The Moors, Bishop's Waltham is a 28-hectare (69-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Bishop's Waltham in Hampshire. It is a Nature Conservation Review and an area of 14.5 hectares (36 acres) is a Local Nature Reserve, which is owned and managed by Hampshire County Council.

These unimproved wet meadows and alder carr drain into Mill Pond at the centre of the site. The meadows have a rich and diverse flora, dominated by greater pond sedge in wetter areas, while there are plants such as purple moor-grass and meadow foxtail in drier parts.

Alder carr
An alder carr is a particular type of carr, i.e. waterlogged wooded terrain populated with alder trees. They can be found across the United Kingdom, sometimes attracting ash trees should they become drier. Many have developed alongside streams in the New Forest, where the Alder's capacity to thrive in a water logged environment allows them to become the dominant species of tree in these areas. The presence of particular bacteria, Frankia alni, enables their root systems to extract nitrogen from the air, thus making up for the lack of nitrogen in waterlogged soil.

Alder carrs have often been coppiced, whereby cutting away growth at ground level encourages new trunks to grow at ground level. This means the wood can be repeatedly harvested. This wood can then be used to make water pipes, wooden pumps, as well as piles under bridges. Other uses have included charcoal for making gun powder, and filters for gas masks.
Valentinus (rebel)
Valentinus (fl. mid-4th century, died 369) was a Roman criminal and rebel put down after Count Theodosius's arrival in Britain in AD 369.

Ammianus Marcellinus records that Valentinus was a Pannonian whose brother-in-law Maximinus was close to the emperor Valentinian I. Having committed some serious crime, he was able to have his sentence commuted to exile to Britain, where he resided at the time of the Great Conspiracy. Ammianus does not record that Valentinus took part in that barbarian rising, but does claim that he began planning a new revolt after the arrival of Theodosius. He organized fellow exiles and attempted to bribe local troops to his cause. Discovered, he was given over to Duke Dulcitius for execution, but Ammianus notes that investigation into Valentinus's plot was cursory, lest it produce more unrest in the province.

Valentinian I
Valentinian I (Latin: Valentinianus; 321 – 17 November 375), sometimes known as Valentinian the Great, was Roman emperor from 364 to 375. He is the second-last emperor to govern the empire as a whole, albeit he only did so from February 26th to March 28th of 364, after which he appointed Valens to rule over the Eastern half the empire, while he remained in control of the West. During his reign, he fought successfully against the Alamanni, Quadi, and Sarmatians, strengthening the border fortifications and conducting campaigns across the Rhine and Danube. Also, his general Theodosius the Elder defeated a revolt in Africa and the Great Conspiracy (a coordinated assault on Roman Britain by Picts, Scoti, and Saxons). Valentinian founded the Valentinian dynasty, with his sons Gratian and Valentinian II succeeding him in the western half of the empire and his daughter Galla marrying emperor Theodosius I.
The Incredible Hercules
The Incredible Hercules was an ongoing comic book series written by Greg Pak and Fred Van Lente and published by Marvel Comics. The series starred the mythological superhero Hercules, his sidekick Amadeus Cho, the seventh-smartest person in the world, and half-sister Athena.

The series began in the aftermath of World War Hulk with The Incredible Hulk receiving a title and focus change to Hercules. Though the title does not change until issue #113 the first issue of the first story arc of The Incredible Hercules appears in issue #112.  The ongoing series concluded with issue #141 in February 2010, with two succeeding miniseries announced. This was followed by Chaos War.

The Incredible Hulk (comic book)
The Incredible Hulk is a superhero comic book series series published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, it stars scientist Bruce Banner, who is irradiated by gamma rays that cause him to transform under stress into the Hulk, a giant powerful green-skinned monster who is the manifestation of Banner's anger.

The comic has been published on and off since 1962, and has been passed to many high-profile comics writers, such as Bill Mantlo, Peter David, and Greg Pak. Throughout its publication history, it has been intermittently replaced as the primary Hulk title by other series, including Tales to Astonish (1963–68), Indestructible Hulk (2013–15), and The Immortal Hulk (2018–21). The title is currently being written by Phillip Kennedy Johnson, who will relaunch it as The Infernal Hulk in 2025.
Asai, Etawah
Asai (Āsaī) is a village in Mahewa block of Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh. As of 2011, it had a population of 942, in 143 households. Its existence is documented since at least the late 1100s, when there was a Pashupata Shaiva matha here on the banks of the Yamuna, as well as a temple of Someshvara.

Mahewa
Mahewa  is a village in Etawah district, in the Uttar Pradesh State, this was the first block of Independent India in 1950 with the name of Agrami Vikas Yojana by General lord Mayor, and a pea processing plant was established here with the help of the USA government. This village also played a significant role in the time of the freedom struggle, when Mahewa came to the Lakhana Estate. After the Independence the Pilot workshop manufactured or supplied agricultural equipment in all over India and SAARC Nations.

There is a big pond of lotus in the middle of the village called mahapatra of British time is in front of a mango garden. Due to that pond and the beauty of lotus, the district collector of Etawah came to this village during British time and there was a very famous cave (GUFA) in village Bhawanipur in ancient time.

There is very old temple of Ram Janki, that was made by the landlord of Mahewa, Pt Guru Narayan Chaube in 1912 before the independence of India.
William Shakespeare (Australian singer)
William Shakespeare (19 November 1948 – 5 October 2010) was the stage name of Australian glam rock singer, born as John Stanley Cave, also known as John Cabe or Billy Shake. He had two Australian hit singles, "Can't Stop Myself from Loving You", which peaked at No. 2 on the Kent Music Report in 1974, and "My Little Angel", which peaked at No. 1 in 1975. Both hits were written by Vanda & Young, who also turned Shakespeare into a glam rocker. After decades of alcohol addiction and clinical depression he became destitute; he was assisted by music industry benevolent society, Support Act, from 2001. He died suddenly in October 2010, aged 61.

Albert Productions
Albert Productions, a division of music publishing and recording company Albert Music, is one of Australia's longest established independent record labels to specialise in rock and roll music. The label was founded in 1963 by Ted Albert, whose family owned and operated the Sydney music publishing house J. Albert & Son.
Izvestia (horse)
Izvestia (May 5, 1987 – October 21, 1991) was a Thoroughbred racehorse who won the Canadian Triple Crown in 1990.

A grandson of Nearctic, who sired the legendary Northern Dancer, his damsire Personality was the 1970 Co-American Horse of the Year. Owned and bred by Kinghaven Farms, Izvestia began racing in the United States, winning two Graded stakes races at the Keeneland Race Course in Kentucky. He was shipped north in the spring of 1990 to his home base at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto from which he won the Triple Crown. Having won it a year earlier on With Approval, jockey Don Seymour became the only jockey in history to ride two Canadian Triple Crown winners.

Izvestia's career ended  on October 21, 1991, when he had to be humanely euthanized after breaking a left hind leg in three places while competing in the Rothmans International. In 1999, he was inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame.

Kinghaven Farms
Kinghaven Farms is a horse racing stable that was founded in 1967 by Donald G. "Bud" Willmot. Located in King City, Ontario, north of Toronto, the success of the stable would see it expand to the United States with the acquisition of a 660-acre (2.7 km2) farm and training center near Ocala, Florida. In 1974, Bud's son David S. Willmot began managing the farm's racing/breeding programs. In 2004, David Willmot announced that Kinghaven was shutting down its Thoroughbred operation, although he would continue to race a handful of horses in the following years.
Class-4 telephone switch
A class-4, or tandem, telephone switch is a U.S. telephone company central office telephone exchange used to interconnect local exchange carrier offices for long distance communications in the public switched telephone network.

A class-4 switch does not connect directly to telephones; instead, it connects to other class-4 switches and to class-5 telephone switches. The telephones of service subscribers are wired to class-5 switches. When a call is placed to a telephone that is not on the same class-5 switch as the originating subscriber, the call may be routed through one or more class-4 switches to reach its destination.

Class-5 telephone switch
A Class-5 telephone switch is a telephone exchange in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) that directly serves subscribers and manages subscriber calling features. Class-5 services include basic dial-tone, calling features, and additional digital and data services to subscribers connected to a local loop.
Leuk
Leuk (German pronunciation: [ˈlɔʏk]; French: Loèche [lɔɛʃ]) is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipality of Erschmatt merged into the municipality of Leuk.

Since it controls access to the Gemmi Pass, it had some importance from the time of Roman Raetia. The Leukerbad thermal baths are just north of Leuk, towards the pass. It is the capital of the Leuk district of the Valais.

Leuk is home to one of the known installations of Onyx, the Swiss interception system for signals intelligence gathering.

Leukerbad
Leukerbad (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈlɔʏkərbaːd]; French: Loèche-les-Bains [lɔɛʃ le bɛ̃] ⓘ; Walliser German: Leiggerbad, although locally known as ds Baadu) is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
West Texas (album)
West Texas is the debut album by Jim Ward's latest alternative country project Sleepercar. Although the beginning of Sleepercar dates back to the demise of At the Drive-In, Ward only found the time to focus on the project and make it his full-time commitment after the hiatus of his second band Sparta in 2008, when he started working full-time on the Sleepercar album.

The album's music is influenced by such artists as Gram Parsons, Ryan Adams, Bob Dylan, Tom Petty and Wilco.

Sleepercar
Sleepercar is the alternative country project of Jim Ward, a member of Sparta and former member of At the Drive-In. Regarding the band, Ward has noted that: "I think it will always be 'my' band. People can come and go as they please: I don’t want the stress of trying to maintain five or six happinesses, I love playing with the guys and when they want to move on, I will support them in whatever ways I can."
Coronel Pringles Department, San Luis
'Coronel Pringles is a department of San Luis Province, Argentina.

With an area of 4,484 km2 (1,731 sq mi) it borders to the north with the departments of Ayacucho and San Martín, to the east with Chacabuco and General Pedernera, to the south with Pedernera, and to the west with Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, and Belgrano.

Juan Martín de Pueyrredón Department
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón is a department of the province of San Luis, Argentina. Its headtown is the city of San Luis, which is also the largest and capital city of the province of San Luis.

With an area of 13,120 km2 (5,066 sq mi) it borders to the north with Belgrano Department, to the east with Coronel Pringles, to the south with Gobernador Dupuy, and to the west with Mendoza Province.

Until 2010, as per Law #V-0106-2004 (5490) its name was La Capital Department (Spanish: Departamento La Capital) but according to law #V-0748-2010, the name has been changed to Juan Martín de Pueyrredón.
Proto-Iranian language
Proto-Iranian or Proto-Iranic is the reconstructed proto-language of the Iranian languages branch of Indo-European language family and thus the ancestor of the Iranian languages such as Persian, Pashto, Sogdian, Zazaki, Ossetian, Mazandarani, Kurdish, Talysh and others. Its speakers, the hypothetical Proto-Iranians, are assumed to have lived in the 2nd millennium BC and are usually connected with the Andronovo archaeological horizon (see Indo-Iranians).

Proto-Iranian was a satem language descended from the Proto-Indo-Iranian language, which in turn, came from the Proto-Indo-European language. It was likely removed less than a millennium from the Avestan language, and less than two millennia from Proto-Indo-European.

Proto-Indo-Iranian language
Proto-Indo-Iranian, also called Proto-Indo-Iranic or Proto-Aryan, is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Iranian branch of Indo-European. Its speakers, the hypothetical Proto-Indo-Iranians,  are assumed to have lived in the late 3rd millennium BC, and are often connected with the Sintashta culture of the Eurasian Steppe and the early Andronovo archaeological horizon.

Proto-Indo-Iranian was a satem language, likely removed less than a millennium from its ancestor, the late Proto-Indo-European language, and in turn removed less than a millennium from its descendants: Vedic Sanskrit (of the Rigveda) and Old Avestan (of the Gathas).

It is the ancestor of Indo-Aryan languages, the Iranian languages, and the Nuristani languages, predominantly spoken in the Southern Asian subregion of Eurasia.
HaCaT
HaCaT is a spontaneously transformed aneuploid immortal keratinocyte cell line from adult human skin, widely used in scientific research. HaCaT cells are utilized for their high capacity to differentiate and proliferate in vitro. Their use in research allows for the characterization of human keratinocyte using a model that is reproducible and addresses issues such as short culture lifespan and variations between cell lines that would otherwise be encountered. These cells have allowed the characterization of several processes, such as their utilization as a model system for vitamin D3 metabolism in the skin.

Keratinocyte
Keratinocytes are the primary type of cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.  In humans, they constitute 90% of epidermal skin cells. Basal cells in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes form a barrier against environmental damage by heat, UV radiation, water loss, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. A number of structural proteins, enzymes, lipids, and antimicrobial peptides contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin. Keratinocytes differentiate from epidermal stem cells in the lower part of the epidermis and migrate towards the surface, finally becoming corneocytes and eventually being shed, which happens every 40 to 56 days in humans.
Foteina
Foteina (Greek: Φωτεινά) is a village and a community of the Katerini municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Petra, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 303 residents in the community, which also contains the village Skoteina.

Skoteina
Skoteina (Greek: Σκοτεινά) is a village of the Katerini municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Petra. The 2021 census recorded 4 inhabitants in the village. Skoteina is a part of the community of Foteina.
Ibis (journal)
Ibis (formerly The Ibis), subtitled the International Journal of Avian Science, is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of the British Ornithologists' Union. It was established in 1859. Topics covered include ecology, conservation, behaviour, palaeontology, and taxonomy of birds. The editor-in-chief is Dominic J. McCafferty (University of Glasgow). The journal is published by Wiley-Blackwell in print and online. It is available free on the internet for institutions in the developing world through the OARE scheme (Online Access to Research in the Environment).

Philip Sclater
Philip Lutley Sclater FRS FRGS FZS FLS (4 November 1829 – 27 June 1913) was an English lawyer and zoologist. In zoology, he was an expert ornithologist, and identified the main zoogeographic regions of the world. He was Secretary of the Zoological Society of London for 42 years, from 1860 to 1902.
Utva (Perm Krai)
The Utva (Russian: Утьва) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a right tributary of the Veslyana, which in turn is a tributary of the Kama. The river is 76 kilometres (47 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 697 square kilometres (269 sq mi). The source of the river is in the extreme southwest of the Gaynsky District of Perm Krai, near the border with Kirov Oblast and the Komi Republic. The main tributaries are the Chugrum (right) and the Yuzhnaya Anva (left).

Veslyana
The Veslyana (Russian: Весляна) – is a river in Perm Krai and Komi Republic, Russia, a left tributary of the Kama, which in turn is a tributary of the Volga. 
It starts in the southeastern portion of Ust-Kulomsky District of the Komi Republic, about 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the border with Perm Krai. It flows through the Gaynsky District of Perm Krai and into the Kama River 1,193 kilometres (741 mi) from its mouth, 145 metres (476 ft) above sea level, near the rural locality of Ust-Veslyana.
The river is 266 kilometres (165 mi) long, and the area of its drainage basin is 7,490 square kilometres (2,890 mi2).
Yosef ben David Renassia
Yosef ben David Renassia (Hebrew: רבי יוסף גנאסיא; November 19, 1879–July 7, 1962) was a Jewish rabbi, soldier, translator, educator, writer, preservationist, and dayan from the Jewish community of Constantine. He served for many years as the chief rabbi of Constantine and worked in various educational roles until 1962. In 1962 he fled Algeria for Israel but before leaving he preserved many Constantine Jewish works of literature.

History of the Jews in Constantine
The Jewish community of Constantine dates back to the 2nd century AD though legends say it goes back the second temple period. The Jewish community of Constantine thrived under Muslim rule and reached prominence from the 15th to 18th centuries, with several prominent figures and a Jewish quarter. After French colonization in 1837 and citizenship grants in 1870, tensions between Muslims and Jews led to the 1934 Constantine riots. After Algerian gained independence in 1962, the Jews were expelled and most  left for France instead of Israel due to Francophilia and a lack of Zionism, leaving only a few families by the late 1960s. Rabbi Yosef ben David Renassia's preservation efforts ensured the legacy of Constantine's Jewish heritage through religious texts and language preservation.
Illusions (Michale Graves album)
Illusions is the third solo album by former Misfits vocalist Michale Graves. It is a collaborative album between Graves and Damien Echols featuring written content and backing vocals from Echols. Echols was one of the West Memphis Three. The album was produced in part due to an early example of a successful crowdfunding campaign, and the contributors' names are printed inside the CD booklet.

Damien Echols
Damien Wayne Echols (born Michael Wayne Hutchison; December 11, 1974) is an American author who first became known as one of three teenagers, the West Memphis Three, convicted of a triple murder in 1994 despite the lack of physical evidence connecting them to the crime and the dubious nature of the other evidence. Upon his release from death row in 2011 under an Alford plea, Echols authored several autobiographical and spiritual books. He has been featured in multiple books, documentaries, and podcasts about his spiritual works and the West Memphis Three case.
The Purloined Planet
The Purloined Planet is a science fiction novella by American writer Lin Carter, the second in his Hautley Quicksilver series. It was first published in paperback by Belmont Books in May 1969 together with the unrelated John Brunner novella The Evil That Men Do as the "Belmont Double" anthology, The Evil That Man Do/The Purloined Planet. It was reprinted by Belmont Tower and by Flamingo Books (as the first British edition) in March 1975, The first stand-alone edition was issued as an ebook by Gateway/Orion in December 2019.

Belmont Books
Belmont Books, also known as Belmont Productions, was an American publisher of genre fiction paperback originals founded in 1960. It specialized in science fiction, horror and fantasy, with titles appearing from 1961 through 1971. The company published books by such notable authors as Philip K. Dick, Philip José Farmer, Lin Carter, Robert Bloch, Frank Belknap Long, and Gardner Fox. Belmont was owned by the same company that owned Archie Comics.