hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Waitomo District
Waitomo District is a territorial authority, located in the Waikato region, at the north of the King Country area in the North Island of New Zealand. A small part of the district, the locality of Tiroa, however, lies in the Manawatū-Whanganui region.

The District covers the west coast from Te Maika, on Kawhia Harbour, to the north of Taharoa, to Mokau in the south and extends inland to Maniaiti / Benneydale and Mount Pureora.

Tiroa
Tiroa is a rural locality in the Waitomo District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. State Highway 30 runs through the area. The name means "tall cabbage tree".

Pao Mīere, a Māori prophetic movement, built a cross-shaped whare wānanga (house of learning) called Te Miringa Te Kakara near Tiroa about 1887. It was destroyed by fire in 1983.

Tiroa School operated from about 1900 with the buildings replaced in 1925. The school was open at least until 1958.
St Gregory's Church, Vale of Lune
St Gregory's Church, Vale of Lune, also known as the Vale of Lune Chapel, is a redundant Anglican church situated on the A684 road about 1.5 miles (2 km) to the west of Sedbergh, Cumbria, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

Sedbergh
Sedbergh (/ˈsɛdbər/ SED-bər or locally /ˈsɛbər/ SEB-ər) is a town and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Cumbria. It falls within the historic boundaries of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since April 2023, it has been administered by Westmorland and Furness local authority. The 2001 census gave the parish a population of 2,705, increasing at the 2011 census to 2,765. It lies about 10 miles (16 km) east of Kendal, 28 miles (45 km) north of Lancaster and about 10 miles (16 km) north of Kirkby Lonsdale, within the Yorkshire Dales National Park (the boundaries of which in this area follow those of the historic counties). It stands at the foot of Howgill Fells, on the north bank of the River Rawthey, which joins the River Lune 2 miles (3 km) below the town.
Megat Jaafar
Megat Jaafar bin Megat Yunus was appointed by the Sultan of Perak in 1985 to the title Orang Kaya Besar Maharaja Diraja - one of the Four Major Chiefs (Orang Besar Empat) of Perak. Prior to that he was in the Malayan Civil Service (MCS). His father, Dato' Megat Yunus Bin Megat Mohd Isa was also a bearer of the same title - Orang Kaya Besar Maharaja Diraja of Perak.

He died in 2003. One of his sons, Maj (R) Megat Mustapha Kamal Bin Megat Jaafar was one of the founding committee members of Persatuan Keturunan Megat Terawis Malaysia.

Megat Terawis
Megat Terawis was the first Bendahara of Perak and was known by the title Orang Kaya Bendahara Paduka Raja. He was the son of the Daulat Yang Dipertuan Pagar Ruyung, Megat Terawan. He was to inherit the throne of Pagar Ruyung but he opted for the Bendaharaship of Perak instead of going back to Pagar Ruyung to succeed to the throne. His descendants were holders of the Bendaharaship of Perak. One of his descendants, Megat Menjanas (Orang Kaya Bendahara Paduka Seri Maharaja), married Raja Shah Alam Sayong – a daughter of Sultan Muzaffar Shah II of Perak.
Iași National Theatre
The Iași National Theatre (or Vasile Alecsandri National Theater; in Romanian: Teatrul Național Vasile Alecsandri) in Iași, Romania, is the oldest national theatre and one of the most prestigious theatrical institutions in Romania. In 1956, it was given the name of the renowned Romanian playwright and poet Vasile Alecsandri. The building also hosts the Iași Romanian National Opera.

Romanian National Opera, Iași
The Romanian National Opera, Iași  (Romanian: Opera Națională Română din Iași) is a public opera and ballet institution in Iași, Romania. It is one of the national opera companies of Romania.

The first performance at the Iași Opera was on 3 November 1956 (the inaugural concert being Tosca by Giacomo Puccini), in the building of the Iași National Theatre, a historic monument that had been built between 1894 and 1896 by the Viennese architects Ferdinand Fellner and Hermann Helmer.
Robert Hofstadter
Robert Hofstadter (February 5, 1915 – November 17, 1990) was an American physicist. He was the joint winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics (together with Rudolf Mössbauer) "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his consequent discoveries concerning the structure of nucleons".

Femtometre
The femtometre (American spelling femtometer), symbol fm, (derived from the Danish and Norwegian word femten 'fifteen', Ancient Greek: μέτρον, romanized: metron, lit. 'unit of measurement') is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equal to 10−15 metres, which means a quadrillionth of one metre.  This distance is sometimes called a fermi and was so named in honour of Italian naturalized to American physicist Enrico Fermi, as it is a typical length-scale of nuclear physics.
Han Bennink
Han Bennink (born 17 April 1942) is a Dutch drummer and percussionist. On occasion his recordings have featured him playing soprano saxophone, bass clarinet, trombone, violin, banjo and piano.

Though perhaps best known as one of the pivotal figures in early European free jazz and free improvisation, Bennink has worked in essentially every school of jazz, and is described by critic Chris Kelsey as "one of the unfortunately rare musicians whose abilities and interests span jazz's entire spectrum." Known for often injecting slapstick and absurdist humor into his performances, Bennink has had especially fruitful long-term partnerships with pianist Misha Mengelberg and saxophonist Peter Brötzmann. Han is a brother of saxophonist Peter Bennink.

Derek Bailey (guitarist)
Derek Bailey (29 January 1930 – 25 December 2005) was an English avant-garde guitarist and an important figure in the free improvisation movement. Bailey abandoned conventional performance techniques found in jazz, exploring atonality, noise, and whatever unusual sounds he could produce with the guitar. Much of his work was released on his own label Incus Records. In addition to solo work, Bailey collaborated frequently with other musicians and recorded with collectives such as Spontaneous Music Ensemble and Company.
Saunders-Roe A.36 Lerwick
The Saunders-Roe A.36 Lerwick was a British flying boat built by Saunders-Roe Limited (Saro). It was intended to be used with the Short Sunderland in Royal Air Force Coastal Command but it was a flawed design and only a small number were built. They had a poor service record and a high accident rate; of 21 aircraft, 10 were lost to accidents and one for an unknown reason.

No. 209 Squadron RAF
Number 209 Squadron of the British Royal Air Force was originally formed from a nucleus of "Naval Eight" on 1 February 1917 at Saint-Pol-sur-Mer, France, as No. 9 Squadron Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) and saw active service in both World Wars, the Korean War and in Malaya. The use of the squadron number ceased in 1968 and it has not been reused since by an RAF squadron. The number, badge and motto is in service within the RAF Air Cadets at 209 (West Bridgford) Squadron ATC in Nottinghamshire.
Ivory Quinby House
The Ivory Quinby House is an Italianate and Greek Revival estate built by architect John C. Cochrane for Ivory Quinby (1817–1869), a prominent Monmouth, Illinois citizen. Quinby, who was an early benefactor and a founder of Monmouth College, also helped the city of Monmouth become the transportation center it is today, by bringing the Peoria and Oquawka Railroad through town in the early 1850s. The National Register of Historic Places property has been owned by Monmouth College since 1965.

Ivory Quinby
Ivory Quinby (July 14, 1817 – October 23, 1869) was an American businessman who was notably one of the earliest benefactors of Monmouth College, and also helped establish Monmouth, Illinois as a transportation center.
McLafferty rearrangement
The McLafferty rearrangement is a fragmentation reaction observed in mass spectrometry of organic molecules in which the parent radical cation splits into daughter radical cation and neutral spin-paired molecule. It is sometimes found that a molecule containing a keto-group undergoes β-cleavage, with the gain of the γ-hydrogen atom, as first reported by Anthony Nicholson working in the Division of Chemical Physics at the CSIRO in Australia. This rearrangement is a retro-ene reaction, and a member of the sigmatropic family of reactions.

Fragmentation (mass spectrometry)
In mass spectrometry, fragmentation is the dissociation of energetically unstable molecular ions formed from passing the molecules  mass spectrum. These reactions are well documented over the decades and fragmentation patterns are useful to determine the molar weight and structural information of unknown molecules. Fragmentation that occurs in tandem mass spectrometry experiments has been a recent focus of research, because this data helps facilitate the identification of molecules.
Yowaka River bridge, Greigs Flat
The Yowaka River bridge is a heritage-listed road bridge that carries the Princes Highway across the Yowaka River at Greigs Flat, New South Wales, Australia. It was built in 1936. The bridge is also known as the Yowaka Bridge near Eden. The bridge is owned by Transport for NSW. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 June 2000.

Greigs Flat, New South Wales
Greigs Flat is a locality in the Bega Valley Shire of New South Wales, Australia.  At the 2016 census, Greigs Flat had a population of 151.

Greigs Flat Public School opened in November 1869 and closed in December 1951. It was half-time with the school at Lochiel until January 1873, a provisional school from February to December 1888, and a public school from January 1889 to February 1944 and from November 1946 to December 1951. It was known as Yowaka Public School after 1942. Politician Francis Bland attended the school as a child.
Gudme Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Gudme municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Funen County in central Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 120 km2, and had a total population of 6,407 (2005).  Its last mayor was Lars Erik Hornemann, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The municipality's main city and the site of its municipal council was Gudme.

The municipality was formed in 1970 from the following parishes;

Brudager Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Gudbjerg Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Gudme Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Hesselager Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Oure Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Vejstrup Sogn (Gudme Herred)

Gudme municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with Svendborg and Egebjerg municipalities to form the new Svendborg municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 418 km2 and a total population of 58,354 (2005).  The new municipality belongs to Region of Southern Denmark.

Egebjerg Municipality
Until 1 January 2007, Egebjerg municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Funen County on the south coast of the island of Funen in south-central Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 124 km2, and had a total population of 8,792 (2005). The last mayor of the municipality was Mogens Johansen. Its main city and the site of its municipal council was Vester Skerninge.

Egebjerg municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with Svendborg and Gudme municipalities to form the new Svendborg municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 418 km2 and a total population of 58,354 (2005).  The new municipality belongs to  Region of Southern Denmark.
Saman Ghoddos
Seyed Saman Ghoddoos (Persian: سامان قدّوس; born 6 September 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or striker for the Iran national team and Kalba in UAE Pro League. A versatile player, Ghoddos can also be deployed as a winger, wing-back or full-back. Born in Sweden and a former Swedish international, he represents the Iran national team.

2017 Allsvenskan
The 2017 Allsvenskan, part of the 2017 Swedish football season, is the 93rd season of Allsvenskan since its establishment in 1924. The season began on 1 April 2017 and ended on 5 November the same year. Fixtures for the 2017 season were announced on 9 December 2016. A total of 16 teams participated.

Malmö FF were the defending champions after winning the title in the previous season. Malmö FF won the Swedish championship this season, their 23rd Allsvenskan title and 20th Swedish championship overall, in the 27th round on 16 October 2017 when they won 3–1 in the away fixture against IFK Norrköping at Östgötaporten.
Victorin Lurel
Victorin Lurel (French pronunciation: [vik.tɔ.ʁɛ̃ ly.ʁɛl] ; born 20 August 1951 in Vieux-Habitants, Guadeloupe) is a French politician who represented the 4th district of Guadeloupe in the French National Assembly from 2002 to 2012. He also served as the 
President of the Regional Council of the French overseas department of Guadeloupe from 2004 until 2015.  His term began on 15 August 2004 and was renewed on 14 March 2010. In May 2012, he was made the Minister of Overseas France in Jean-Marc Ayrault's cabinet and was replaced in the national assembly by his supplementary candidate Hélène Vainqueur-Christophe. However, on 23 March 2014, he lost the local elections in Vieux-Habitants, and as of 2 April 2014, he was not reappointed to the Valls Cabinet. On 13 December 2015 he lost the regional elections in Guadeloupe.

Vieux-Habitants
Vieux-Habitants (French pronunciation: [vjøz‿abitɑ̃], French for Old Inhabitants; Guadeloupean Creole: Zabitan) is a commune on Guadeloupe, a French overseas department in the Caribbean. It is located on the southwest coast of the island of Basse-Terre.
Bolgasyn
The Bolgasyn (Kazakh: Болғасын) is a river in Shalkar District, Aktobe Region, Kazakhstan. It is 73 kilometres (45 mi) long and has a catchment area of 1,670 square kilometres (640 sq mi).

The river is part of the Shalkar Basin. In the spring the Bolgasyn is used to water local livestock.

Shalkar District
Shalkar (Kazakh: Шалқар ауданы, Şalqar audany) is a district of Aktobe Region in Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Shalkar. Population: 45,513 (2013 estimate); 44,187 (2009 census results); 46,697 (1999 census results).
Takayama Festival
The Takayama Festivals (高山祭, Takayama Matsuri) in Takayama in Japan started in the 16th to 17th century. The festivals are believed to have been started during the rule of the Kanamori family. Correspondence dated 1692 place the origin to 40 years prior to that date. One of the festivals is held on 14 and 15 April and the other on 9 and 10 October.

The Spring Takayama Festival is centered on the Hie Shrine. The shrine is also known as the Sanno Shrine, and the spring festival is also known as the Sanno Festival.  The Sanno Festival is held to pray for a good harvest and the Autumn Festival is for giving thanks.

The Autumn festival is centered on the Sakurayama Hachiman Shrine and is referred to as the Hachiman Festival. It is held after the crops are harvested.  The fall festival is one of the three largest festivals in Japan. The other two are Kyoto's Gion Matsuri and the Chichibu Night Festival Matsuri.

Chichibu Night Festival
The Chichibu Night Festival (秩父夜祭, Chichibu Yo Matsuri) is an annual festival held between 2 and 3 December in Chichibu, centred at the Chichibu Shrine The festival has been held for over 300 years, and has been described as a Japanese UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage item. In March 2020, the Time Out magazine described the Chichibu Night Festival as one of Japan's big three float festivals, along with the Gion Festival in Kyoto and the Takayama Festivals in Gifu.
Tyge (bishop)
Tyge or Tuke or Tycho (d. 23 November 1272 on Samsø) was bishop of the Diocese of Aarhus in Aarhus, Denmark. Tyge completed studies in Paris where he obtained a magister degree. Tyge became bishop of Aarhus with the support of Pope Urban IV and was involved in the ouster of Jacob Erlandsen, Archbishop of the Diocese of Lund. Bishop Tyge was known as a staunch supporter of the Danish kings and was for a period the de facto head of church in Denmark. Tyge died on Samsø on 23 November 1273. His successor was the former arch deacon Peder Aaby who had been Tyge's and king Eric V'a trusted supporter during the conflict with the church.

Samsø
Samsø (Anglicized: "Samso" or "Samsoe") is a Danish island in the Kattegat 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) off the Jutland Peninsula. Samsø is located in Samsø municipality.  The community has 3,724 inhabitants (2017) (January 2010: 4,010) called Samsings and is 114 km2 (44 sq mi) in area.  Due to its central location, the island was used during the Viking Age as a meeting place. The etymology of the island's name is unknown.

In 1997, Samsø won a government competition to become a model renewable energy community.  Now 100% of its electricity comes from wind power and biomass.
Touchwood Pacific Partners
Touchwood Pacific Partners I is an American film financing limited partnership formed by The Walt Disney Company in 1990 for its then three production companies, Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone Pictures and Hollywood Pictures, but owned by Yamaichi General Finance Co., the general partner and a Yamaichi Securities affiliate, and about 50 limited partners.

The partnership was the first Japanese sourced major film financing for Disney and the largest Japanese financing outside of a outright purchase of a film studio.

Hollywood Pictures
Hollywood Pictures Company was an American film production label of Walt Disney Studios, founded and owned by The Walt Disney Company. Established on February 1, 1989, by Disney CEO Michael Eisner and studio chief Jeffrey Katzenberg, Hollywood Pictures was founded to increase the film output of the Walt Disney Studios, and release films similar to those of Touchstone Pictures. These films, featuring more mature themes, were targeted at adult audiences unlike the family-oriented productions of the studio's flagship Walt Disney Pictures division. After years of hiatus, the label was closed on April 27, 2007. The studio's most commercially successful film was M. Night Shyamalan's The Sixth Sense, which grossed over $670 million worldwide upon its release in 1999.
Landmark National Bank v. Kesler
Landmark National Bank v. Kesler is a Kansas Supreme Court case involving the standing, rights, and interests of Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems (MERS). On August 28, 2009, the court held that all indispensable parties must be identified and that the actual lender identified in foreclosure actions to protect each party's rights. The decision also addressed the role MERS plays in clouding the ownership of the promissory note and title to the property.

Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems
Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc. (MERS) is an American privately held corporation. MERS is a separate and distinct corporation that serves as a nominee on mortgages after the turn of the century and is owned by holding company MERSCORP Holdings, Inc., which owns and operates an electronic registry known as the MERS system, which is designed to track servicing rights and ownership of mortgages in the United States. According to the Department of the Treasury, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve, The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Federal Housing Finance Agency, MERS is an agent for lenders without any reference to MERS as a principal. On October 5, 2018, Intercontinental Exchange (NYSE: ICE) and MERS announced that ICE had acquired all of MERS.
2024 A Lyga
The 2024 A Lyga, for sponsorship reasons also called TOPsport A Lyga, was the 35th season of the A Lyga, the top-tier football league of Lithuania. The season began on 1 March 2024 and ended on 9 November 2024.

The winners (Žalgiris) qualified for the 2025–26 Champions League first qualifying round. The runners-up (Hegelmann), third-placed team (Kauno Žalgiris), and 2024 Lithuanian Football Cup winners (Banga) qualified for the 2025–26 Conference League first qualifying round. The ninth-placed team (Sūduva) qualified for the A Lyga play-off, winning and retaining their place in the league. The bottom-placed team (TransINVEST) were relegated to the 2025 LFF I Lyga.

2024 Lithuanian Football Cup
The 2024 Lithuanian Football Cup, for sponsorship reasons from this season, was also called Lithuanian: FPRO LFF Taurė was a single elimination football tournament in Lithuania. The winners qualified for the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League second qualifying round on a sporting merit (subject to receiving an UEFA licence). TransINVEST were the defending cup holders.

Banga won the cup on 29 September 2024 (their first Lithuanian Cup win), defeating Hegelmann 4–1 on penalties after a 0–0 draw.
Pararhodobacter
Pararhodobacter is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with one known species (Pararhodobacter aggregans). Pararhodobacter aggregans has been isolated from a marine aquaculture system from Rehovot in Israel.

Rhodobacteraceae
The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of Pseudomonadota in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are gram-negative. It contains  chemoorganotrophs and photoheterotrophs. Many occur in aquatic habitats.
Ahal Region
Ahal Region (Turkmen: Ahal welaýaty, IPA: [ɑˈχɑːɫ βeˌɫɑːjɑˈtɯ]) is one of five provinces of Turkmenistan. It borders Iran and Afghanistan along the Kopet Dag range. Ahal covers an area of 97,160 km2 (37,510 sq mi), and it has a population of 886,845 as of the 2022 census.

Regions of Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is divided into five regions (welaýat) and one capital city (şäher) with provincial legal status. They are Ahal, Balkan, Dashoguz, Lebap and Mary, plus the capital city of Ashgabat. Each province is divided into districts. As of 20 December 2022 there were 37 districts (etraplar), 49 cities (şäherler), including 7 cities with district status (etrap hukukly), 68 towns (şäherçeler), 469 rural councils (geňeşlikler) and 1690 villages (oba ilatly ýerler) in Turkmenistan.

The regions are also translated as oblasts, which were also the administrative divisions of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, a republic of the Soviet Union, which retained the system after independence in 1991.
Hoxnian Stage
The Hoxnian Stage was a middle Pleistocene stage of the geological history of the British Isles. It was an interglacial which preceded the Wolstonian Stage and followed the Anglian Stage. It is equivalent to Marine Isotope Stage 11 (MIS 11). Marine Isotope Stage 11 started 424,000 years ago and ended 374,000 years ago. The Hoxnian is divided into sub-stages Ho I to Ho IV. It is likely equivalent to the Holstein Interglacial in Central Europe.

Interglacial
An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. The current Holocene interglacial began at the end of the Pleistocene, about 11,700 years ago.
Silver Creek, Missouri
Silver Creek was a village in Newton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 623 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Joplin, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. On August 7, 2012, residents of the Village of Silver Creek and the City of Joplin voted to consolidate and become part of the city of Joplin.

Newton County, Missouri
Newton County is a county located in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,648. Its county seat is Neosho. The county was organized in 1838 and is named in honor of John Newton, a hero who fought in the Revolutionary War. Newton County is part of the Joplin metropolitan area.