hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bettino Ricasoli
Bettino Ricasoli, 1st Count of Brolio, 2nd Baron Ricasoli (Italian pronunciation: [betˈtiːno riˈkaːzoli]; 9 March 1809 – 23 October 1880) was an Italian statesman. He was a central figure in the politics of Italy during and after the unification of Italy. He led the Moderate Party.

Castello di Brolio
The Castello di Brolio  is a rural castle, palace and gardens located in San Regolo, in the municipality of Gaiole in Chianti, about 20 km NE of Siena, region of Tuscany, Italy.

The palace has belonged to the Ricasoli family for nearly 800 years. The castle was destroyed more than once during the wars between Siena and Florence. It was rebuilt around the year 1500 after destruction by the Sienese army. Now on a pentagonal plinth, rise both the stone castle and larger brick palace built in Gothic Revival style, mainly under the patronage of Baron Bettino Ricasoli, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Italy, who created the Chianti recipe of 70% Sangiovese, 15% Canaiolo and 15% Malvasia bianca. In 2015, the site was mainly known for its surrounding wine manufacture, and hosts guided tours.
Loening
The Loening Aeronautical Engineering Corporation was founded in 1917 by Grover Loening and produced early aircraft and amphibious aircraft. After it merged with Keystone Aircraft Corporation in 1928, some of its engineers left to form Grumman and Grover Loening went on to form a new enterprise, Grover Loening Aircraft Company.

Grumman
The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a 20th century American producer of military and civilian aircraft. Founded on December 6, 1929, by Leroy Grumman and his business partners, it merged in 1994 with Northrop Corporation to form Northrop Grumman.
Lafayette County, Wisconsin
Lafayette County, sometimes spelled La Fayette County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It was part of the Wisconsin Territory at the time of its founding. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,611. Its county seat is Darlington. The county was named in honor of the Marquis de Lafayette, the French general who rendered assistance to the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War. The county is considered a high-farming concentration county by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, meaning at least 20 percent of its earnings came from agriculture.

The courthouse scenes from the 2009 film Public Enemies were filmed at the Lafayette County Courthouse in Darlington.

Benton (town), Wisconsin
Benton is a town in Lafayette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 504 at the 2010 census, up from 469 at the 2000 census. The village of Benton is located within the town. The unincorporated communities of Jenkinsville and Strawbridge are also located in the town.
Greatham Church
Greatham Church (the dedication is unrecorded) is the Anglican parish church of the hamlet of Greatham in the district of Horsham, one of seven local government districts in the English county of West Sussex.  The tiny single-room building has been described variously as "delightful" and "one of the most appealing churches in Sussex".  The unrestored 12th-century stone church serves a rural area near the River Arun and sits apart from the hamlet next to the ancient manor house. The church is a Grade I Listed building.

Greatham, West Sussex
Greatham (/ˈɡrɛtəm/ GRET-əm) is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Parham, in the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. It lies on the Coldwaltham to Storrington road about 2 miles (3 km) south of Pulborough. In 1931 the parish had a population of 55.
February 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
February 13 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - February 15

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 27 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For February 14th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 1.

February 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
February 14 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - February 16

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 28 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For February 15th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 2.
Sailin' Shoes
Sailin' Shoes is the second studio album by the American rock band Little Feat, released in 1972. Produced by Ted Templeman, it marked a shift away from the sound of the band's eponymous debut, to that of their subsequent album, Dixie Chicken. It also introduced the cover artwork of Neon Park to the group, and was the last album appearance of original bassist Roy Estrada.

Lowell George
Lowell Thomas George (April 13, 1945 – June 29, 1979) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. He was the primary guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter for the rock band Little Feat. Before forming Little Feat, he was a member of Frank Zappa's band the Mothers of Invention.
Consumer Affairs Agency
The Consumer Affairs Agency (消費者庁, shōhishachō) is an administrative agency of the Cabinet Office of Japan responsible for consumer protection established on September 1, 2009.

Under the law passed on December 10, 2022, the Consumer Affairs Agency now also has jurisdiction over the issue of donations between religious juridical persons and their followers. Until then, the Agency for Cultural Affairs had jurisdiction over all administration related to religious juridical persons. This legislation was intended to address the Unification Church's "Spiritual sales", which has become a serious problem in Japanese society.

Cabinet Office (Japan)
The Cabinet Office (内閣府, Naikaku-fu) (CAO) is an agency of the Cabinet of Japan. It is responsible for handling the day-to-day affairs of the Cabinet.

The Cabinet Office is formally headed by the Prime Minister.
Susan J. Herlin
HRH Dr. Susan J. Herlin was an academic, royalty, and a humanitarian who dedicated herself to the promotion of development of Ghana. She was the first Zosimli Naa of the Kingdom of Dagbon. She was born on May 26, 1939, at Port Arthur, Texas,  to Robert and Jean Herlin. She died on May 21, 2014, at Louisville, Kentucky. Herlin was inducted into the Hall of Fame of The University of Louisville's Pan-African Studies Department.

Zosimli Naa
The Zosimli Naa is a royal title in Ghana. It directly translates as Chief of Zosimli. The title, Naa translates as King or Chief while Zosimli means: Cooperation, Alliance, Accord, Collaboration and Friendships. The Tamale-Louisville sister city relationship is administered under the office of a Zosimli Naa. The Zosimli Palace is located in Lamashegu, Tamale. The relationship between The Kingdom of Dagbon and Europe is also administered, separately, under the office of a Zo-simli Naa.
Fondo Ambiente Italiano
The Fondo Ambiente Italiano (FAI) is the National Trust of Italy.

The organisation was established in 1975 as the Fondo Ambiente Italiano, based on the model of the National Trust of England, Wales, & Northern Ireland. It is a private non-profit organisation and has over 190,000 members as of 2018. Its purpose is to protect elements of Italy's physical heritage which might otherwise be lost.

Castle of Avio
45°44′47″N 10°57′08″E﻿ / ﻿45.7464°N 10.9521°E﻿ / 45.7464; 10.9521
The Castle of Avio (also known as the Castle of Sabbionara, Italian: Castello di Avio, old German: Schloß Aue) is a medieval castle in the comune Avio, Trentino, northern Italy. It is currently held by the Fondo per l'Ambiente Italiano (FAI). It is one of the several castles commanding the Vallagarina valley of the Adige River. It features several rooms with medieval frescoes.
Zawlbûk
Zawlbûk (/zɔːlˈbuːk, zɒl-/; from Lushai  zâwl 'flat' and  bûk 'hut') was a traditional bachelorsʼ quarters of the Mizo people, predominantly of the Luseis living in Mizoram, India. It was prominently the largest house in the tribal village, and it was customary for every village to have it constructed in the middle of the habitation. Even though its basic use was as a dormitory for all unmarried men of the village, it was much more a social institution where education, entertainment, skill and personal developments, and security of the tribal community were (almost) entirely centred. It also served as a resting place for guests, travelers and visitors.

Tribal youth dormitory
Youth dormitories are a traditional institution among several tribal societies of the world including the various tribes of India, the tribes of South-East Asia, and the native Americans.

Among many tribes, the youth dormitory is a now declining or defunct institution. For example, among several tribes of North-East India, the traditional dormitories (called morung) became dysfunctional in the 20th century, with the advent of modern educational institutions and Christianity. However, among some tribes, such as the Nagas, it has continued to exist as a socio-cultural institution.
Huguenot, Staten Island
Huguenot is a neighborhood on the South Shore of Staten Island, New York City.  Originally named "Bloomingview", it was later named for the Huguenots, led by Daniel Perrin, who settled in the area during the late 17th and early 18th centuries to escape religious persecution. Huguenot is bordered by Arden Heights to the north, Woodrow to the west, Prince's Bay to the south, and Annadale to the east.  The neighborhood is represented in the New York City Council by Joe Borelli, who was born and raised there. Huguenot is represented in the New York State Senate by Andrew Lanza and in the New York State Assembly by Michael Reilly.

Arden Heights, Staten Island
Arden Heights is a name increasingly applied to the western part of Annadale, a neighborhood located on the South Shore of Staten Island, New York City, US.  The name "Arden Heights" is found on most maps of New York City, including Hagstrom's.

Arden Heights is bordered by Annadale to the east, Huguenot to the south, the Arthur Kill to the west, and the Fresh Kills to the north.
Khanchikot
Khanchikot is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District. The district lies in the Lumbini Zone of Western Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,628 individuals and had 930 houses.

Narapani
Narapani is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,664 and had 873 houses in the town.
Scots Guards
The Scots Guards (SG) is the regiment of Foot Guards of Scotland, and one of the five foot guard regiments of the British Army. Its origins are as the personal bodyguard of King Charles I of England and Scotland. Its lineage can be traced back to 1642 in the Kingdom of Scotland, although it was only placed on the English Establishment in 1686.

Siege of Namur (1695)
The 1695 siege of Namur or second siege of Namur took place during the Nine Years' War between 2 July and 4 September 1695. Its capture by the French in the 1692 siege and recapture by the Grand Alliance in 1695 are often viewed as the defining events of the war; the second siege is considered to be William III's most significant military success during the war.
Nowhere Generation II
Nowhere Generation II is the eleventh extended play by American punk rock band Rise Against. It was released as a continuation to their ninth studio album, Nowhere Generation, on June 10, 2022; just over a year after the release of Nowhere Generation. The EP was produced by the band's longtime producers, Bill Stevenson and Jason Livermore, with the addition of Andrew Berlin and Chris Beeble. It was promoted by the single "Last Man Standing".

Nowhere Generation
Nowhere Generation is the ninth studio album by American punk rock band Rise Against, released on June 4, 2021, on Loma Vista Recordings. It is the band's first album in four years, serving as the follow-up to 2017's Wolves. Four singles were released for the album: "Broken Dreams, Inc",  "Nowhere Generation", "The Numbers", and "Talking to Ourselves". The album was produced by Bill Stevenson, Jason Livermore, Andrew Berlin, and Chris Beeble. The album's single of the same name was released on March 18, 2021, and the album was announced that day.
Sotha (actress)
Sotha (born 1944) is a French actress, playwright, screenwriter, film & stage director, and composer. Her real name is Catherine Sigaux. She was one of the founders of the Café de la Gare where she acted and co-wrote many of the plays.

She was twice married, both times to fellow actors from the Café de la Gare, first to Romain Bouteille, and then for 11 years to Patrick Dewaere. She is the daughter of novelist and journalist Gilbert Sigaux.

In 1981 Sotha published a novel in comic book format whose title roughly translates as "Look to the sky, it's going to rain." In 2002, she wrote a play, Le Brave Soldat Chvéïk s'en va au Ciel (The Good Soldier Schweik goes to Heaven), based on the famous satirical novel The Good Soldier Švejk by the Czech writer Jaroslav Hašek.

Patrick Dewaere
Patrick Dewaere (26 January 1947 – 16 July 1982) was a French film actor. Born in Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, he was the son of French actress Mado Maurin. An actor from a young age, his career lasted more than 21 years until his suicide in Paris, in 1982.
Jersey Farm
Jersey Farm is a residential neighbourhood in the civil parish of Sandridge centred 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north-east of the city centre of St Albans. It is contiguous with one other settlement, which is larger and has two schools, Marshalswick to the west and south-west and otherwise adjoins fields and farms.

Sandridge
Sandridge is a village and civil parish between the city centre of St Albans (2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the south-west) and Wheathampstead, in the St Albans district, in Hertfordshire, England, forming part of the contiguous built-up area of St Albans.
Laois Senior Hurling Championship
The Laois Senior Hurling Championship is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Laois GAA clubs. The Laois County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1888.

Clough–Ballacolla are the title holders, defeating Camross by 2-21 to 2-15 in the 2025 final.

2024 Laois Senior Hurling Championship
The 2024 Laois Senior Hurling Championship was the 131st staging of the Laois Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Laois County Board in 1888. The draw for the group stage placings took place on 29 February 2024. The championship ran from 17 July to 6 October 2024.

Camross entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Clough–Ballacolla in the semi-final stage. No team was relegated as a result of the championship expanding to 10 teams in 2025.

The final was played on 6 October 2024 at Laois Hire O'Moore Park in Port Laoise, between Clough–Ballacolla and Rathdowney–Errill, in what was their second meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in 12 years. Clough–Ballacolla won the match by 2–22 to 0–22 to claim their 12th championship title overall and a first title in two years.

Rathdowney–Errill's Ross King was the championship's top scorer with 1-47.
Barton Brands
Barton Brands, Ltd. was a company that produced a variety of distilled beverages and liqueurs and is now part of the Sazerac Company, which is headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana, and has its principal offices in Louisville, Kentucky. The Barton distillery, currently known as the Barton 1792 distillery, was originally established in 1879, and is located in Bardstown, Kentucky.

Some of Barton's better-known brands and products have included the 1792 Bourbon, Kentucky Tavern, and Very Old Barton bourbons; Fleischmann's, Skol and Wave Vodkas; the 99 line of schnapps (99 Apples, 99 Bananas, etc.); Calypso and Barton rums; Capitan, El Toro and Montezuma tequilas and Mr. Boston and Fleischmann's gins.

In 1993, Barton was acquired by Canandaigua Wine Company, later Constellation Brands. In 2009, Constellation sold Barton to the Sazerac Company.

Mr. Boston
Mr. Boston, previously Old Mr. Boston, was a distillery located at 1010 Massachusetts Avenue in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1933 to 1986. It produced its own label of gin, bourbon, rum, and brandies, as well as a few cordials and liqueurs.
Aorsi
The Aorsi, known in Greek sources as the Aorsoi (Ἄορσοι), were an ancient Iranian people of the Sarmatian group, who played a major role in the events of the Pontic Steppe from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD.

They are often regarded as connected to the contemporaneous Eurasian steppe state of Yancai (or Yentsai) mentioned in ancient Chinese records. The Alans, first mentioned by Middle Eastern and European scholars in the 1st century AD, are regarded as successors of the Aorsi.

Arsiyah
Arsiyah (other forms of the word include - Lariçiyeh, al-Larisiya) was the name used for a group of Muslim mercenaries in the service of the Khazar Khaganate. Whether the Arsiyah were a single tribe or composed of Muslims from a number of different tribes is unclear. They were primarily immigrants from the vicinity of Khwarazm who resettled in Khazaria. According to the Arab historian Al-Masudi, they moved to the territory of the Khazar king in ancient times following the outbreak of war and plague (or drought and famine) in their own land after the emergence of Islam.
Rocketdyne E-1
Rocketdyne's E-1 was a liquid propellant rocket engine originally built as a backup design for the Titan I missile. While it was being developed, Heinz-Hermann Koelle at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) selected it as the primary engine for the rocket that would emerge as the Saturn I. In the end, the Titan went ahead with its primary engine, and the Saturn team decided to use the lower-thrust H-1 in order to speed development. The E-1 project was cancelled in 1959, but Rocketdyne's success with the design gave NASA confidence in Rocketdyne's ability to deliver the much larger F-1, which powered the first stage of the Saturn V missions to the Moon.

Rocketdyne
Rocketdyne was an American rocket engine design and production company headquartered in Canoga Park, in the western San Fernando Valley of suburban Los Angeles, in southern California.

Rocketdyne was founded as a division of North American Aviation in 1955 and was later part of Rockwell International from 1967 until 1996 and Boeing from 1996 to 2005. In 2005, Boeing sold the Rocketdyne division to United Technologies Corporation, becoming Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne as part of Pratt & Whitney. In 2013, Rocketdyne was sold to GenCorp, Inc., which merged it with Aerojet to form Aerojet Rocketdyne. The space portion of Aerojet Rocketdyne will be spun off as a new company named "Rocketdyne" in the second half of 2026, following an acquisition from L3Harris by AE Industrial Partners.
Permanent residency
Permanent residency is a person's legal resident status in a country or territory of which such person is not a citizen but where they have the right to reside on a permanent basis. This is usually for a permanent period; a person with such legal status is known as a permanent resident.

Permanent residency itself is distinct from right of abode, which waives immigration control for such persons. Persons having permanent residency still require immigration control if they do not have right of abode. However, a right of abode automatically grants people permanent residency. This status also gives work permit in most cases. In many Western countries, the status of permanent resident confers a right of abode upon the holder despite not being a citizen of the particular country.

Work permit
A work permit or work visa is the permission to take a job within a foreign country. The foreign country where someone seeks to obtain a work permit for is also known as the "country of work", as opposed to the "country of origin" where someone holds citizenship or nationality.
Minister of Overseas Military Forces
The Minister of Overseas Military Forces was established in November 1916 to administer Canadian forces in the United Kingdom during World War I, and abolished in 1920. The position was largely to act as the communications channel between the Department of Militia and Defence, the British War Office, and the Canadian Corps.

Minister of Militia and Defence
The Minister of Militia and Defence was the federal government minister in charge of the volunteer army units in Canada, the Canadian Militia.

From 1855 to 1906, the minister was responsible for Canadian militia units only, as the British Army was still stationed in Canada. From 1906 to 1923, the minister was in charge of the Department of Militia and Defence (Canada). After 1923, the position was merged with the Minister of the Naval Service and the Minister of Aviation into the new position of Minister of National Defence.  The Minister of National Defence became responsible for the Canadian Militia, the Royal Canadian Navy and, from 1924, the Royal Canadian Air Force.
John Adams Tree
The John Adams Tree, also known as just Adams, is a giant sequoia located within the Giant Forest Grove of Sequoia National Park, California.  The tree was named after Founding Father John Adams, the 2nd president of the United States. The tree is the thirteenth largest giant sequoia in the world.

Giant Forest
The Giant Forest, famed for its giant sequoia trees, is within the United States' Sequoia National Park. This montane forest, situated at over 6,000 ft (1,800 m) above mean sea level in the western Sierra Nevada of California, covers an area of 1,880 acres (7.6 km2). The Giant Forest is the most accessible of all giant sequoia groves, as it has over 40 mi (64 km) of hiking trails.

Five of the ten most massive trees on Earth are located within the Giant Forest. The largest of these, the General Sherman Tree, measures 36.5 ft (11.1 m) across the base. The giant sequoia is the world's most massive species of tree and is one of the six species documented to grow to 300 ft (91 m) in height; the others are coast redwood, yellow meranti, Eucalyptus regnans, Douglas fir, and Sitka spruce. It is also among the longest-lived of all trees in the world.
Open Letter to the Party
The Open Letter to the Party (Polish: List otwarty do partii) was a document written,  and then distributed in March 1965, by Jacek Kuroń and Karol Modzelewski critiquing the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).

Letter of 34
The Letter of 34 (Polish: List 34) was a two-sentence protest letter by Polish intellectuals against censorship in Communist Poland, addressed to the Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz, delivered on 14 March 1964 to the Council of Ministers by Antoni Słonimski. The name of the letter refers to the number of signatories.
Kuh Yakhab Rural District
Kuh Yakhab Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوه يخاب) is in Kuh Yakhab District of Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yakhab. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tappeh Taq.

Yakhab
Yakhab (Persian: يخاب) is a village in, and the capital of, Kuh Yakhab Rural District of Kuh Yakhab District, Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tappeh Taq.