hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neoschizotheciaceae
The Neoschizotheciaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes and order Sordariales.

It was introduced in 2021 after molecular analysis of several species of fungi in the order Sordariales.
These taxa were found to be similar to taxa found in the families Bombardiaceae, Podosporaceae and Lasiosphaeriaceae, as they had ellipsoidal ascospores, sometimes with appendages, but they were phylogenetically distinct from these three families. Neoschizotheciaceae was established based on Neoschizothecium.

Sordariales
The order Sordariales is one of the most diverse taxonomic groups within the Sordariomycetes (subdivision Pezizomycotina, division Ascomycota).

Species in the order Sordariales have a broad range of ecological diversity, containing lignicolous, herbicolous and coprophilous taxa. Most Sordariales are saprobic, producing solitary perithecial ascomata. They are commonly found on dung or decaying plant matter. The order contains a number of ecologically important species, including the model filamentous fungal genera Podospora and Neurospora, as well as potentially industrial-relevant fungi, such as members of the Chaetomiaceae family, which often produce biologically active secondary metabolites. The order Sordariales furthermore contains the highest diversity of thermophilic fungal species, with isolates present in seven different genera.
Elsie Knocker
Elsie Knocker, later Baroness de T'Serclaes, MM, OStJ (née Elizabeth Blackall Shapter; 29 July 1884 – 26 April 1978) was a British nurse and ambulance driver in World War I who, together with her friend Mairi Chisholm, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers on the Western Front in Belgium. Dubbed "The Madonnas of Pervyse" by the press, the two were among the most photographed women of the war.

May Sinclair
May Sinclair was the pseudonym of Mary Amelia St. Clair (24 August 1863 – 14 November 1946), a British writer who wrote about two dozen novels, short stories and poetry. She was an active suffragist, and member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League. She once dressed up as a demure, rebel Jane Austen for a suffrage fundraising event. Sinclair was also a significant critic in the area of modernist poetry and prose, and she is attributed with first using the term 'stream of consciousness' in a literary context, when reviewing the first volumes of Dorothy Richardson's novel sequence Pilgrimage (1915–1967), in The Egoist, April 1918.
Laurentian (train)
The Laurentian was a named passenger train operated by the Delaware and Hudson Railway between New York City and Montreal, providing same-day daylight service. The train used the D&H's famed route along Lake Champlain north of Albany, New York. The Laurentian, along with its overnight companion the Montreal Limited (#61 northbound/#62 southbound), was the flagship of the D&H from its inauguration in 1923 until its discontinuance on April 30, 1971. Since 1974, Amtrak has operated the Adirondack over the same route.

Canadian Subdivision
The Canadian Subdivision is a railway line in the state of New York. It runs north–south along the west side of Lake Champlain from the vicinity of Schenectady, New York, to Rouses Point, New York, on the border with Quebec. While the oldest part of the line was built in 1832–1833, the majority was constructed between 1869 and 1876. Once part of the Delaware and Hudson Railway main line, today Canadian Pacific Kansas City owns the line. Amtrak's Adirondack operates over the full length, providing daily service between New York City and Montreal.
Tropical North Queensland TAFE
Tropical North Queensland TAFE was a TAFE institute which delivered vocational education and training programs across a 268,000 square kilometre area of north-eastern Australia. The Institute offered about 400 courses in 30 vocational training areas in Queensland.

In 2013, the institute merged with Barrier Reef Institute of TAFE to form TAFE Queensland North.

TAFE Queensland North
TAFE Queensland North was formed on 1 July 2013 by the merger of Barrier Reef Institute of TAFE and Tropical North Queensland TAFE. It services North Queensland and Far North Queensland, and is the largest TAFE region in Queensland with close to 20 campus locations in sixteen localities, covering an area of 52'000 kilometres.

In 2017 TAFE Queensland commenced consolidating TAFE Queensland North and its five other regional registered training organisations (RTOs) into a single RTO. TAFE Queensland North now no longer exists as a separate RTO.
Tuxertal
The Tuxertal is a valley located in Tyrol, Austria. A side valley of the Zillertal, from which it branches at Mayrhofen, the Tuxertal is about 13 km long and accessible on the Tuxer Straße (Tux Road). From Mayrhofen (630 m (AA)) to Hintertux (1500 m) in the municipality of Tux, the village that gives the valley its name, there is a height difference of about 850 m. The valley ends at Hintertux and the Hintertux Glacier. The Tuxbach, which rises near Hintertux, flows as far as Mayrhofen where it empties into the River Ziller.

The five main settlements in the Tuxertal are (from the head of the valley): 
Hintertux (1,500 m), Madseit (1,385 m), Juns (1360 m), Tux (former Lanersbach) (1,300 m), Vorderlanersbach (1,300 m) and the parish of Finkenberg (840 m).

The Tuxertal is the only way of reaching the Hintertux Glacier by means of road and cable lift.

Zillertal
The Ziller Valley (German: Zillertal) is a valley in Tyrol, Austria that is drained by the Ziller River. It is the widest valley south of the Inn Valley (German: Inntal) and lends its name to the Zillertal Alps, the strongly glaciated section of the Alps in which it lies. The Tux Alps lie to its west, while the lower grass peaks of the Kitzbühel Alps are found to the east.

The Ziller Valley is one of the valley areas in Tyrol most visited by tourists. Its largest settlement is Mayrhofen.
Bush River (British Columbia)
The Bush River is a tributary of the Columbia River in the Columbia Country of southeastern British Columbia, Canada, entering that river via the Bush Arm of Kinbasket Lake.  Named for the dense vegetation lining its banks, its headwaters are at 52°05′N 117°30′W﻿ / ﻿52.083°N 117.500°W﻿ / 52.083; -117.500, in the Rocky Mountains.  Its former confluence with the Columbia was at 51°44′30″N 117°38′10″W﻿ / ﻿51.74167°N 117.63611°W﻿ / 51.74167; -117.63611, now beneath the waters of Bush Arm; a few miles above the river's new mouth is the confluence of the Valenciennes River.  The Bush has also been designated the North Fork Bush River, while the Valenciennes was known as the South Fork Bush River (renamed in 1918); — Bush Pass is at the head of the Valenciennes, rather than the Bush.

Bush Pass
Bush Pass is a mountain pass in the Canadian Rockies, on the border between the Canadian provinces of Alberta and British Columbia. It is located at the headwaters of the Valenciennes River, formerly known as the South Fork Bush River; the North Fork Bush River is now known as the Bush River.
Giovanni Caprara (volleyball)
Giovanni Caprara (born November 7, 1962, Medicina) is an Italian women's volleyball coach who currently manages Azerbaijan women's national volleyball Netherlands women's team.

In 2005-2008 head coach of the Russian women's team, from April 2010 to March 2011 the head coach of women's national team of Greece. Merited Coach of Russia (2008).

With the season-2014/15 head coach Eczacıbaşı VitrA. Caprara led the Istanbul team to victory CEV Champions League and the Club World Championship.

Wife - Irina Kirillova, one of the best volleyball players of the world the 2nd half of 1980 (1988 Olympic champion, world champion in 1990 in the USSR team), after the collapse of the Soviet Union came to play for Croatia. The couple met when Kirillova played in Bergamo, where Caprara was the second coach.

Irina Kirillova
Irina Vladimirovna Kirillova (Russian: Ирина Владимировна Кириллова, born 15 May 1965), also known as Irina Parkhomchuk, is a retired competitive volleyball  player and Olympic gold medalist for the Soviet Union, later competing for Croatia. Kirillova won a gold medal while representing the Soviet Union at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. She also led the Soviet Union to the gold medal at the 1990 FIVB World Championship in China, and was named the MVP of the tournament. She was a setter.

In the 1990s, Kirillova played for the Croatia women's national volleyball team.

In 2017, Kirillova was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame.
Kyaw Kyaw Thet
Kyaw Kyaw Thet (Burmese: ကျော်ကျော်သက်; pronounced [t͡ɕɔ̀ t͡ɕɔ̀ θɛʔ]; born Myanmar) is a Burmese military officer who previously served as a Lieutenant Colonel in Light Infantry Division (LID) 99 of the Tatmadaw (Myanmar military). He was the commander of Strategic Team 992, which was engaged in clashes with the Arakan Army (AA) in Magwe Region. On 31 January 2025, he surrendered to the AA along with 20 remaining troops following heavy battlefield losses.

Ngape clashes
The Ngape clashes were a series of military engagements during the 2021 Myanmar civil war that started on 21 November 2024. Frequent clashes were reported in mountainous areas along the Ann-Padan Road on the border between Rakhine State and Magway Region, as local resistance groups attempted to prevent junta reinforcements and supplies from reaching Ann town where the Arakan Army (AA) was besieging the town during the Battle of Ann. The military regime has relied on the road for transporting troops and supplies into Rakhine State since the Arakan Army relaunched a major anti-regime offensive in November in 2023.
The clashes were characterized by an intense guerilla warfare, with many ambushes against junta's troops and convoys by resistance forces with light weapons and IEDs or landmines, together with a full-scale military operation by the Arakan Army during the second phase.
Ladislaus Michal Zaleski
Władysław Michał Bonifacy Zaleski (also called Vladislovas Mykolas Zaleskis in Lithuanian or Ladislao Michele Zaleski in English, 1852 – 1925) was a Catholic archbishop, pioneer missionary, Apostolic Delegate to the East Indies and Latin Patriarch of Antioch.

Apostolic Nunciature to India
The Apostolic Nunciature of the Holy See to India is the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to India, similar to an embassy. Archbishop Leopoldo Girelli was named Apostolic Nuncio by Pope Francis on 13 March 2021. He was formerly Apostolic Nuncio to Israel and Cyprus.

The Apostolic Nunciature to India is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in India, with the rank of ambassador. The nuncio serves both as the ambassador of the Pope (as head of State of Vatican City) to the President of India, and as delegate and point-of-contact between the Catholic hierarchy in India and the Pope (as head of the Church). The Apostolic Nuncio to India is usually also the Apostolic Nuncio to Nepal.
Caravino
Caravino is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Turin.

Caravino borders the following municipalities: Albiano d'Ivrea, Azeglio, Strambino, Settimo Rottaro, Vestignè, Cossano Canavese, and Borgomasino.

Strambino
Strambino is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Turin. As of 1 December 2021, it had a population of 6,132 and an area of 22.7 square kilometres (8.8 sq mi).

Strambino borders the following municipalities: Ivrea, Romano Canavese, Caravino, Vestignè, Mercenasco, Vische, and Candia Canavese.

The municipality comprises 4 frazioni: Cerone, Crotte, Carrone, Realizio.
Lufeng Formation
The Lufeng Formation (formerly Lower Lufeng Series) is a Lower Jurassic sedimentary rock formation found in Yunnan, China.  It has two units: the lower Dull Purplish Beds/Shawan Member are of Hettangian age, and Dark Red Beds/Zhangjia'ao Member are of Sinemurian age.  It is known for its fossils of early dinosaurs.  The Dull Purplish Beds have yielded the possible therizinosaur Eshanosaurus, the possible theropod Lukousaurus, and the "prosauropods" "Gyposaurus" sinensis, Lufengosaurus, Jingshanosaurus, and Yunnanosaurus. Dinosaurs discovered in the Dark Red Beds include the theropod Sinosaurus triassicus, the "prosauropods"  "Gyposaurus", Lufengosaurus, and Yunnanosaurus, indeterminate remains of sauropods, and the early armored dinosaurs Bienosaurus and Tatisaurus.

Yunnanosaurus
Yunnanosaurus (/juːˌnænoʊˈsɔːrəs/ yoo-NAN-oh-SOR-əs) is an extinct genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived approximately 199 to  183 million years ago in what is now the Yunnan Province, in China, for which it was named. Yunnanosaurus was a large sized, moderately-built, ground-dwelling, quadrupedal herbivore, that could also walk bipedally, and ranged in size from 7 meters (23 feet) long and 2 m (6.5 ft) high to 4 m (13 ft) high in the largest species.
Ciconio
Ciconio is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Turin.

Ciconio borders the following municipalities: San Giorgio Canavese, Ozegna, Rivarolo Canavese, and Lusigliè.

Lusigliè
Lusigliè is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Turin.

Lusigliè borders the following municipalities: San Giorgio Canavese, Rivarolo Canavese, Ciconio, and Feletto.
Castelfiorentino
Castelfiorentino is a city and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence, Tuscany, central-northern Italy, located between Florence (distance 30 km), Pisa (45 km) and Siena (55 km). The population numbers approximately 20,000 inhabitants. It is part of Valdelsa.
Castelfiorentino borders the following municipalities: Certaldo, Empoli, Gambassi Terme, Montaione, Montespertoli and San Miniato.

Montespertoli
Montespertoli (Italian pronunciation: [monteˈspɛrtoli]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Florence.

Montespertoli borders the following municipalities: Barberino Val d'Elsa, Castelfiorentino, Certaldo, Empoli, Lastra a Signa, Montelupo Fiorentino, San Casciano in Val di Pesa, Scandicci, Tavarnelle Val di Pesa.

The presence of human settlements in the area dates to Roman and Etruscan times, although the villages of the modern municipality are known from the 11th century, when San Pietro in Mercato and Lucardo are mentioned. In 1393 the borough of Montespertoli was acquired by the Machiavelli family.
Official Secrets Act 1939
The Official Secrets Act 1939 (2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 121) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It substituted a new section 6 into the Official Secrets Act 1920, which limited the scope of that offence to offences under section 1 of the Official Secrets Act 1911 (it had formerly applied to all offences under the Official Secrets Act 1911 and to all offences under that act).

It was enacted in reaction to the "Sandys affair" in 1938, when Duncan Sandys MP was threatened with prosecution under section 6 in an attempt to get him to disclose who had given him information about the inadequate state of the air defences around London.

The whole act was repealed by and replaced with the National Security Act 2023.

Official Secrets Act 1920
The Official Secrets Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. 75) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The act was repealed by and replaced with the National Security Act 2023 (c. 32).

In the Republic of Ireland, the act was repealed by the Official Secrets Act, 1963.
Magna Grecia (horse)
Magna Grecia (foaled 25 February 2016) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. He showed top class form as a two-year-old in 2018 when he won two of his three races including the Group 1 Vertem Futurity Trophy. On his three-year-old debut he won the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

King of Change
King of Change (foaled 20 March 2016) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. After finishing second in both of his starts as a two-year-old in 2018 he developed into a top-class miler in the following year, finishing second in the 2000 Guineas and then returning from a lengthy absence to win the Fortune Stakes and the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. He never raced again and was retired to stud in September 2020.
Japanese Cemetery Park
The Japanese Cemetery Park (Japanese: 日本人墓地公園; rōmaji: Nihonjin bochi kōen) is a cemetery and memorial park in Hougang, Singapore. Covering an area of 29,359 square metres, it is the largest Japanese cemetery in Southeast Asia and contains 910 tombstones. The cemetery servers as the final resting place for members of the Japanese community in Singapore, including civilians, soldiers, and individuals who were executed as war criminals at Changi Prison, as well as others who were involved in the wartime sex trade. The site was gazetted as a memorial park by the Singapore government in 1987.

Hisaichi Terauchi
Count Hisaichi Terauchi (寺内 寿一, Terauchi Hisaichi; 8 August 1879 – 12 June 1946) was a Gensui (or field marshal) in the Imperial Japanese Army, commander of the Southern Expeditionary Army Group during World War II.
Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare
Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare (Operaciones sicológicas en guerra de guerrillas) was a manual written by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) for the Nicaraguan Contras, who were involved in a civil war with the Nicaraguan government. It was revealed by the Associated Press on October 15, 1984. The ninety-page book of instructions focused mainly on how "Armed Propaganda Teams" could build political support in Nicaragua for the Contra cause through deceit, intimidation, and violence. The manual also discussed assassinations.
The International Court of Justice case Nicaragua v. United States found that the publication of this manual had "encouraged acts ... contrary to general principles of humanitarian law."
However, the CIA claimed that the purpose of the manual was to "moderate" the extreme violence already being used by the Contras.

Édgar Chamorro
Édgar Chamorro Coronel (born 23 July 1931) is a Nicaraguan former politician and military officer. He was a leader of the Contras but later became a critic of the rebels and their Central Intelligence Agency sponsors, even cooperating with the Sandinista government in their World Court case, Nicaragua v. United States. He is a member of the prominent Chamorro family that provided five of Nicaragua's past presidents.
Wheeler–DeWitt equation
The Wheeler–DeWitt equation for theoretical physics and applied mathematics, is a field equation attributed to John Archibald Wheeler and Bryce DeWitt. The equation attempts to mathematically combine the ideas of quantum mechanics and general relativity, a step towards a theory of quantum gravity.

In this approach, time plays a role different from what it does in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, leading to the so-called "problem of time". More specifically, the equation describes the quantum version of the Hamiltonian constraint using metric variables. Its commutation relations with the diffeomorphism constraints generate the Bergman–Komar "group" (which is the diffeomorphism group on-shell).

Problem of time
In theoretical physics, the problem of time is a conceptual conflict between quantum mechanics and general relativity.  Quantum mechanics regards the flow of time as universal and absolute, whereas general relativity regards the flow of time as malleable and relative. This problem raises the question of what time really is in a physical sense and whether it is truly a real, distinct phenomenon. It also involves the related question of why time seems to flow in a single direction, despite the fact that no known physical laws at the microscopic level seem to require a single direction.
Pope Field
Pope Field (IATA: POB, ICAO: KPOB, FAA LID: POB) is a U.S. military facility located 12 miles (19 km) northwest of the central business district of Fayetteville, in Spring Lake, Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States. Formerly known as Pope Air Force Base, the facility is now operated by the U.S. Air Force via a memorandum of agreement (MOA) and an interservices support agreement (ISSA) with the U.S. Army as part of Fort Bragg.

41st Airlift Squadron
The 41st Airlift Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Air Mobility Command's 19th Airlift Wing at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. It operates Lockheed C-130J Super Hercules aircraft.

The 41st AS became Air Mobility Command's first active-duty C-130J combat unit during 2007.
Charles Chapman (mayor)
Charles Clarke Chapman (July 2, 1853 – April 5, 1944) was the first mayor of Fullerton, California, and a relative of John Chapman, the legendary "Johnny Appleseed". He was a native of Illinois who had been a Chicago publisher before settling in Southern California.

Chapman was a supporter of the Disciples of Christ, who was a primary donor and fundraiser for California Christian College, which in 1934 changed its name to Chapman College, and is now Chapman University, in his honor.

While some believe Chapman Avenue, a major Orange County thoroughfare, is also named in his honor, the street is actually named after the unrelated Alfred Chapman, co-founder of the city of Orange.

Chapman University
Chapman University is a private research university in Orange, California, United States. Encompassing eleven colleges, the university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The school maintains its founding affiliations with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and the United Church of Christ, but is a secular university.
Saint-Laurent-des-Bâtons
Saint-Laurent-des-Bâtons (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ loʁɑ̃ de batɔ̃]; Occitan: Sent Laurenç deus Bastons) is a former commune in the Dordogne department in southwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Sainte-Alvère-Saint-Laurent Les Bâtons, which merged into the new commune Val de Louyre et Caudeau on 1 January 2017.

Sainte-Alvère-Saint-Laurent Les Bâtons
Sainte-Alvère-Saint-Laurent Les Bâtons (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t alvɛʁ sɛ̃ loʁɑ̃ le batɔ̃]; Occitan: Senta Alvèra e Sent Laurenç deus Bastons) was a short-lived commune in the department of Dordogne, southwestern France. The commune was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Sainte-Alvère and Saint-Laurent-des-Bâtons. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val de Louyre et Caudeau.
Independent National Radio
Independent National Radio (INR) is the official term for the three national commercial radio stations currently or previously broadcasting on analogue radio in the United Kingdom, beginning in 1992. One station was allocated an FM licence, and the other two were allocated AM medium wave frequencies previously used by BBC Radio 3 and BBC Radio 1.

Digital One
Digital One is a national commercial digital radio multiplex in the United Kingdom, owned by Arqiva. As of March 2010, the multiplex covered more than 90% of the population from 137 transmitters. Coverage was extended to Northern Ireland in July 2013. It contains a list of DAB and DAB+ radio stations operated by Bauer Media Audio UK, Global Media & Entertainment and News Broadcasting.
Pagashi River
The Pagashi River is a river in northeastern Kenora District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the James Bay drainage basin and is a left tributary of the Albany River.

The Pagashi River begins at an unnamed lake and flows northeast to its mouth at the Albany River, which flows to James Bay.

Albany River
The Albany River (Cree: ᑭᐢᑕᒍ·ᐊᐣ ᓯᐱ kistachowan sipi) is a river in Northern Ontario, Canada, which flows northeast from Lake St. Joseph in Northwestern Ontario and empties into James Bay. It is 982 kilometres (610 mi) long to the head of the Cat River (a tributary of Lake St. Joseph), tying it with the Severn River for the title of longest river entirely in Ontario. Major tributaries include the Kenogami River and Ogoki River.