hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ASK1
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAP3K5) is a member of MAP kinase family and as such a part of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. It activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in a Raf-independent fashion in response to an array of stresses such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium influx. ASK1 has been found to be involved in cancer, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

MAP3K5 gene coding for the protein is located on chromosome 6 at locus 6q22.33. and the transcribed protein contains 1,374 amino acids with 11 kinase subdomains. Northern blot analysis shows that MAP3K5 transcript is abundant in human heart and pancreas.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Central Aran Economic Region
Central Aran Economic Region (Azerbaijani: Mərkəzi Aran iqtisadi rayonu) is one of the 14 economic regions of Azerbaijan. It borders the economic regions of Shaki-Zagatala, Mountainous Shirvan, Shirvan-Salyan, Mil-Mughan, Karabakh, and Ganja-Dashkasan. The region consists of the districts of Agdash, Goychay, Kurdamir, Ujar, Yevlakh, Zardab, as well as the city of Mingachevir. It has an area of 6,690 square kilometres (2,580 sq mi). Its population was estimated to be at 740 thousand people in January 2021.

Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region
Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region (Azerbaijani: Şirvan-Salyan iqtisadi rayonu) is one of the 14 economic regions of Azerbaijan. It borders Iran to the west, as well as the economic regions of Mil-Mughan, Central Aran, Mountainous Shirvan, Absheron-Khizi, Baku, and Lankaran-Astara. The region consists of the districts of Bilasuvar, Hajigabul, Neftchala, Salyan, as well as the city of Shirvan. It has an area of 6,080 square kilometres (2,350 sq mi). Its population was estimated to be at 501.3 thousand people in January 2021.
Nazko
Nazko /ˈnæzkoʊ/ is a small ranching and logging community, including a historic First Nations community located 100 km west of Quesnel on the Nazko River in the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. Nazko means, "river flowing from the south".

Nazko is the gateway to the Nuxalk Carrier Grease-Alexander Mackenzie Heritage Trail. It has a sizeable Indian reserve, home to the Nazko First Nation, and is well known in ranching history.

The first schools were built in 1950 by ranchers and homesteaders, and in 1960 by the government of Canada. In 1984, BC Hydro brought electricity to the area and the following year the road from Quesnel to Nazko was paved.

Nazko is 22 kilometers from the Nazko Cone, which last erupted 7,200 years ago. From 2007 to 2008, a swarm of earthquakes occurred just 30 km (19 mi) west of Nazko Cone.

Nazko Community Association:

President (2013-present): Stewart Fraser

Former President (2012): Sabrina Fraser

Former President (2011): Vikki Roy

Nazko River
The Nazko River is a tributary of the West Road River, one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It flows through the Fraser Plateau region west of Quesnel.

The name "Nazko" comes from Ndazkoh (Ndaz – meaning ″from the south″ and koh – meaning ″River″) a Dakelh (Carrier) word meaning "river flowing from the south".
Moret-Loing-et-Orvanne
Moret-Loing-et-Orvanne (French pronunciation: [mɔʁɛ lwɛ̃ e ɔʁvan] ⓘ) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department, in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Moret-sur-Loing is the municipal seat. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Épisy, Montarlot and Orvanne. Orvanne was the result of the merger of the communes of Moret-sur-Loing and Écuelles on 1 January 2015. On 1 January 2017, the former commune of Veneux-les-Sablons was merged into Moret-Loing-et-Orvanne.

Moret-sur-Loing
Moret-sur-Loing (French pronunciation: [mɔʁɛ syʁ lwɛ̃], literally Moret on Loing) is a former commune in the Seine-et-Marne department located at the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is situated along the confluence of the rivers Loing and Seine. Moret–Veneux-les-Sablons station has rail connections to Montargis, Melun, Montereau-Fault-Yonne, Laroche-Migennes and Paris.

On 1 January 2015, Moret-sur-Loing and Écuelles merged, becoming the commune of Orvanne, which in turn merged into the new commune of Moret-Loing-et-Orvanne on 1 January 2016.

The town was a source of inspiration for Monet, Renoir, and Sisley.
Specular highlight
A specular highlight is the bright spot of light that appears on shiny objects when illuminated (for example, see image on right).  Specular highlights are important in 3D computer graphics, as they provide a strong visual cue for the shape of an object and its location with respect to light sources in the scene.

Specular reflection
Specular reflection, or regular reflection, is the mirror-like reflection of waves, such as light, from a surface.

The law of reflection states that a reflected ray of light emerges from the reflecting surface at the same angle to the surface normal as the incident ray, but on the opposing side of the surface normal. The incident and reflected rays lie in a plane known as the plane of incidence. The angles of the two rays to the normal are known as the angle of incidence and angle of reflection.

The earliest known description of this behavior was recorded by Hero of Alexandria (AD c. 10–70). Later, Alhazen gave a complete statement of the law of reflection. He was first to state that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in a same plane perpendicular to reflecting plane.

Specular reflection may be contrasted with diffuse reflection, in which light is scattered away from the surface in a range of directions.
Mount Oldenburg
Mount Oldenburg (82°4′S 87°55′W﻿ / ﻿82.067°S 87.917°W﻿ / -82.067; -87.917) is a partly snow-covered peak 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) east of Mount Helms in the east part of Martin Hills. The peak was sketched by J. Campbell Craddock in January 1963. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Margaret Oldenburg, who has been interested in polar exploration and research for a number of years, and who is well known to polar workers because of her gifts of books, photographs and other materials to isolated IGY and Weather Bureau stations. Application of the name was suggested by a number of persons including Edward C. Thiel who, with J. Campbell Craddock, conducted an airlifted geophysical traverse along the 88th meridian near this feature in 1959–60.

Mount Helms
Mount Helms (82°4′S 87°58′W﻿ / ﻿82.067°S 87.967°W﻿ / -82.067; -87.967) is a rounded, partly snow-covered peak rising between Mount Semprebon and Mount Oldenburg in the central Martin Hills of Antarctica. The peak was positioned by a United States Antarctic Research Program party led by J. Campbell Craddock in January 1963, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Ward J. Helms, a radioscience researcher at Byrd Station in 1962.
92nd Military Police Brigade
The 92nd Military Police Brigade (92nd MP Bde) is a military police brigade of the Puerto Rico Army National Guard. The brigade was formerly an infantry brigade combat team known as the 92nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team and then a Maneuver Enhancement Brigade. It includes two MP battalions, two infantry battalions and some support units.

Puerto Rico Army National Guard
The Puerto Rico Army National Guard (PRARNG) — officially designated in Spanish as Guardia Nacional Terrestre de Puerto Rico, but colloquially known as Ejército de la Guardia Nacional de Puerto Rico — is the Army National Guard of the archipelago of Puerto Rico which, together with the Puerto Rico Air National Guard, comprises the Puerto Rico National Guard. PRARNG is the ground-component of the Puerto Rico National Guard under control of the governor of Puerto Rico, currently Pedro Pierluisi, that performs missions equivalent to those of the Army National Guards of the different states of the United States, including ground defense, disaster relief, and control of civil unrest.
Südende station
Südende station is on the Anhalt Suburban Line in the former villa estate (Villenkolonie) of Südende in the suburb of Steglitz in the Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf. It is served by S-Bahn line S25 and S-Bahn line S26. Its entrance is on the street of Steglitzer Damm.

Anhalt Suburban Line
The Anhalt suburban line (German: Anhalter Vorortbahn) is a suburban railway in Berlin and Brandenburg. It originally ran from Potsdamer Ringbahnhof in Berlin over the Berlin–Halle railway (also called the Anhalter Bahn or Anhalt Railway). With the opening of the Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel in 1939, this service was abandoned. Subsequently, the electric services ran to the south parallel with the long-distance tracks of the Anhalt Railway. Its terminus was at Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost until the 1940s. In 1943, it was extended to Lichterfelde Süd for electric trains and to Ludwigsfelde for steam trains. The construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 stopped services at the outskirts of Berlin. In 2005, a new Berlin-Lichterfelde Süd–Teltow Stadt S-Bahn line was opened.
2017–18 Cal State Fullerton Titans men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Cal State Fullerton Titans men's basketball team represented California State University, Fullerton during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Titans, led by fifth-year head coach Dedrique Taylor, played their home games at the Titan Gym, in Fullerton, California as members of the Big West Conference. They finished the season 20–12, 10–6 in Big West play, to finish in fourth place. They defeated Long Beach State and UC Davis to advance to the championship game of the Big West tournament. In the championship, they defeated UC Irvine to win the tournament and receive the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. As the No. 15 seed in the East region, they lost to Purdue in the first round.

2018 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2018 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Big West Conference of the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. It was held from March 8–10, 2018 at the Honda Center in Anaheim, California. No. 4 seed Cal State Fullerton defeated No. 3 seed UC Irvine in the championship game to win the tournament and receive the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament.
Christian Duvaleix
Christian Duvaleix (1923–1979) was a French stage and film actor. He was born in Tunis which was then part of French Tunisia, the son of Albert Duvaleix. He was a character actor appearing in a number of supporting roles. He was one of the members of the acting troupe Branquignols.

Albert Duvaleix
Albert Duvaleix (1893-1962) was a French stage and film actor. A character actor he appeared in a number of supporting roles in French comedies and drama films. His son Christian Duvaleix also became an actor.
Siarhei Mikhalok
Siarhei Mikhalok (born January 19, 1972, Belarusian: Сяргей Міхалок, Russian: Серге́й Михалок, Sergey Mikhalok) is a Belarusian rock musician and actor. He is the frontman of the ska punk band Lyapis Trubetskoy, which was re-established in 2022 after 8 years of hiatus. He was also the frontman of the band Brutto, now leads Drezden.

Born into a family of a Soviet military man in Dresden, East Germany. The family was originally from Minsk. He grew up in Siberia.

He graduated from the Belarusian State Academy of Arts.

In 1990, he created the rock band Lyapis Trubetskoy. Siarhey Mikhalok also worked in a theatre and as art director of a reggae club in Minsk. In 2000, he became a member of the comic duo Sasha i Sirozha. Since 2003 he has worked with Liavon Volski's music project Krambambula.

Since May 2015, Mikhalok has been an official permanent resident of Ukraine. He had already lived in Ukraine since December 2014.

Krambambula (band)
Krambambula is a Belarusian band from Minsk, started by Lavon Volski (also the founder of N.R.M.) in 2001. The name of the band is derived from a popular Belarusian alcoholic tincture of the same name. The band performs humorous and satirical songs, often on an alcoholic theme. Krambambula was banned in Belarus from 2011 to 2017.
Robert Spencer, 4th Earl of Sunderland
Robert Spencer, 4th Earl of Sunderland (24 October 1701 – 15 September 1729) was a British peer from the Spencer family, the son of Whig politician Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland. His mother was Lady Anne Churchill, the daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough. Known as Lord Spencer between 1702 and 1722, he succeeded to the Earldom after his father's death in 1722, but died in 1729 with no children. Therefore, his brother, Charles, became 5th Earl of Sunderland, and subsequently 3rd Duke of Marlborough after the death of his aunt, Henrietta Godolphin (née Churchill), 2nd Duchess of Marlborough.

Anne Spencer, Countess of Sunderland (1683–1716)
Anne Churchill, later Anne Spencer, Countess of Sunderland (27 February 1683 – 15 April 1716), was an English court official and noble. She once held the office of Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Anne.

Anne Churchill was a daughter of a duke, a younger sister of a duchess, and the mother of another duke, but her highest title was only a countess by marriage.
Ramakrishna Math
Ramakrishna Math is the administrative and legal organisation of the Ramakrishna Order. It was set up by sanyasin disciples of Ramakrishna Paramhansa headed by Swami Vivekananda at Baranagar Math in Baranagar, near Calcutta (now Kolkata), in 1886. India. The headquarters of the Ramakrishna Math and its twin organisation, the Ramakrishna Mission is at Belur Math (in West Bengal, India).

Although Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission are legally and financially separate, they are closely inter-related in several other ways and are to be regarded as twin organisations. All branch centres of the Ramakrishna Math come under the administrative control of the Board of Trustees, whereas all branch centres of the Ramakrishna Mission come under the administrative control of the Governing Body of Ramakrishna Mission.

Baranagar Math
Baranagar Math (Baranagar Monastery) or Ramakrishna Math, Baranagar was the first monastery of Ramakrishna Order. In September 1886, after the death of Ramakrishna, when his devotees stopped funding, Swami Vivekananda (then known as Narendranath Datta) and other disciples of Ramakrishna decided to make a dilapidated house at Baranagar their new math. The house crumbled to dust in 1897. In 1973 Vivekananda Math Samrakshan Samity was formed, which attempted to preserve the area. In 2001, the possession was handed over to Belur Math authority, which soon after declared it as one of its official branches. The restoration and development work of the area is still ongoing.
The Jazz Butcher
The Jazz Butcher was the alias of British singer/songwriter Pat Fish (20 December 1957 – 5 October 2021). It has also been the name of the band, though adjuncts were frequently used to distinguish between Fish's persona and band itself (The Jazz Butcher Conspiracy or JBC, the Jazz Butcher Group, the Jazz Butcher and his Sikkorskis from Hell, the Jazz Butcher Quartet and the Jazz Butcher Quintet.)

The line-up of the band changed frequently, with Pat Fish being the only constant. Notable members included band co-founder Max Eider (Peter Millson), David J. (Haskins), Owen P. Jones, Rolo McGinty, Alice Thompson, Paul Mulreany, Alex Green, Richard Formby, Kizzy O'Callaghan, Curtis E. Johnson and Peter Crouch.

David J
David John Haskins (born 24 April 1957), better known as David J, is a British alternative rock musician, producer, and writer. He is the bassist for the gothic rock band Bauhaus and for Love and Rockets.

He has composed the scores for a number of plays and films, and also wrote and directed his own plays, Silver for Gold (The Odyssey of Edie Sedgwick), in 2008, which was restaged at REDCAT in Los Angeles in 2011, and The Chanteuse and The Devil's Muse in 2011. His artwork has been shown in galleries internationally, and he has been a resident DJ at venues such as the Knitting Factory.

David J has released a number of singles and solo albums, and in 1990 he released one of the first No. 1 hits on the then nascent Modern Rock Tracks charts, with "I'll Be Your Chauffeur". His most recent single, "The Day That David Bowie Died" entered the UK vinyl singles chart at number 4 in 2016. The track appears on his double album, Vagabond Songs.
Whitewater
Whitewater forms in the context of rapids, in particular, when a river's gradient changes enough to generate so much turbulence that air is trapped within the water. This forms an unstable current that froths, making the water appear opaque and white.

The term "whitewater" also has a broader meaning, applying to any river or creek that has a significant number of rapids. The term is also used as an adjective describing boating on such rivers, such as  whitewater canoeing or whitewater kayaking.

Rapids
Rapids are sections of a river where the river bed has a relatively steep gradient, causing an increase in water velocity and turbulence. Flow, gradient, constriction, and obstacles are four factors that are needed for a rapid to be created.
Park Street Historic District
Park Street Historic District is a historic district in Reedsburg, Wisconsin that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was listed alongside the Main Street Commercial Historic District.

It consists of 44 properties located primarily along North Park Street, and surrounding City Park. Several architectural styles are present, including Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, and Late Victorian. Most buildings are single family homes, with 3 churches, and the former Reedsburg Municipal Hospital, which now houses apartments.

Reedsburg, Wisconsin
Reedsburg is a city in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. Its population in 2020 was 9,984. The city is located 55 miles (89 km) northwest of Madison within the Baraboo micropolitan area. The city is surrounded by the Town of Reedsburg and is situated along the Baraboo River. It is the second-largest city in Sauk County after Baraboo, with a population of 9,984 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

Prior to the arrival of non-indigenous people in the 19th century, the region was home to the Ho-Chunk people.  Reedsburg was first settled by James W. Babb in 1845. David C. Reed arrived in 1847, building a dam and being the namesake of the town. After the town was platted in 1852, growth would continue through its incorporation as a city in 1887. Historically, the area has relied on agriculture and manufacturing industries.

Reedsburg would grow significantly following World War II and again from 1990–2010.
Cyphostemma
Cyphostemma is a flowering plant genus in the family Vitaceae, with around 250 species distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. These species are caudiciform and used to belong to the genus Cissus. The genus name comes from Greek kyphos, meaning hump, and stemma, meaning garland.

Within the Vitaceae, Cyphostemma is most closely related to Cayratia and Tetrastigma. All species of Cyphostemma were once included in the genus Cissus but are now considered to be distinct.

Tetrastigma
Tetrastigma is a genus of plants in the grape family, Vitaceae. The plants are lianas that climb with tendrils and have palmately compound leaves. Plants are dioecious, with separate male and female plants; female flowers are characterized by their four-lobed stigmas. The species are found in subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Malesia, and Australia, where they grow in primary rainforest, gallery forest and monsoon forest and moister woodland. Species of this genus are notable as being the sole hosts of parasitic plants in the family Rafflesiaceae, one of which, Rafflesia arnoldii, produces the largest single flower in the world. Tetrastigma is the donor species for horizontal gene transfer to Sapria and Rafflesia due to multiple gene theft events.

Within the Vitaceae, Tetrastigma has long been considered closely related to Cayratia and Cyphostemma and is now placed in the tribe Cayratieae.
Moffat railway station
Moffat railway station was a station and the terminus of a short branch line which served Moffat, in the Scottish county of Dumfries and Galloway. It was served by trains from the junction at the now closed Beattock.

Moffat, Dumfries and Galloway
Moffat is a burgh and parish in Dumfriesshire, Scotland. Part of the Dumfries and Galloway local authority area in Scotland, it lies on the River Annan, with a population of around 2,500. It was a centre of the wool trade and a spa town.

Moffat is around 59 miles (95 kilometres) to the southeast of Glasgow, 51 miles (82 kilometres) southwest of Edinburgh, 21 miles (34 kilometres) northeast of Dumfries and 44 miles (71 kilometres) northwest of Carlisle.

The Moffat House Hotel, located at the northern end of the High Street, was designed by John Adam. The nearby Star Hotel, a mere 20 ft (6 m) wide, was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the narrowest hotel in the world. Moffat won the Britain in Bloom contest in 1996.

Moffat is home to Moffat toffee.

The town is held to be the ancestral seat of Clan Moffat. The Devil's Beef Tub, near Moffat was used by the members of Clan Moffat and later the members of Clan Johnstone to hoard cattle stolen in predatory raids.
Harry Smith (rugby league)
Harry Smith (born 25 January 2000) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a scrum-half and stand-off for the Wigan Warriors in the Super League and both England and the England Knights at international level.

He has spent time on loan from Wigan at the Swinton Lions in the RFL Championship, and the London Skolars in RFL League 1.

2023 Super League Grand Final
The 2023 Super League Grand Final, was the 26th official grand final, and championship-deciding rugby league game of Super League XXVIII. The match was contested between Wigan Warriors and Catalans Dragons, at Old Trafford.

St Helens were the defending champions, having won 4 consecutive titles in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, but they were eliminated in the Semi-final, losing 6–12 to Catalans Dragons in a repeat of the 2021 Final, which St Helens won 12–10.