hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Welsh Way
The Welsh Way was a British Iron Age trade route and track-way that originally carried trade between South Wales and the Oxford area of England across the Cotswold Hills. There is evidence it was utilised and improved  by the Roman army following the conquest of Britain as a link between Akeman Street and the Fosse Way.

It links the highest navigable point on the River Thames at Lechlade to the lowest crossing point of the River Severn at Gloucester. Originally it had a braided nature with one route through Quenington and another through Fairford.

From the thirteenth century to the eighteenth century it was the route taken by Welsh cattle drovers to London. At this time it took the name Tame's way after a rich family of Cotswolds merchants.: 49

The  Welsh Way exists today as  a named lane which leaves the Gloucester-Cirencester road before Duntisbourne and passes through Barnsley and Ready Token to Fairford and Lechlade, eventually joining The Ridgeway near Wantage.

Ready Token
Ready Token is a hamlet in Gloucestershire, England, located in the Cotswold Hills near Poulton. Despite comprising only a handful of houses it is located at a high point and is notable for being the meeting place of six country roads and nine parish boundaries. It lies at the intersection of the ancient drove road known as the Welsh Way and the Roman Akeman Street. It once possessed an inn, recorded in 1738 as under the sign Ready Token Ash.

The name is a fusion of the Celtic word rhydd and the Saxon word tacen meaning the way to the ford. The ford being that across the River Coln at Fairford.

It is the site of an unusual house which has a butterfly shaped plan which mirrors the local butterfly shaped road pattern. It was designed by the Arts and Crafts movement architect, Norman Jewson, and built in 1928–1929. In 2025, it was given away in a prize raffle.
Mothibistad
Mothibistad is a town situated 9 kilometres (6 mi) northeast of Kuruman in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. Before 1994 it was in the Bophuthatswana bantustan, and from 1994 until a border change in 2006 it was in North West province. According to the census of 2011 it had a population of 9,616, of whom 99% described themselves as Black African and 88% spoke Tswana as a first language. It falls within the Ga-Segonyana Local Municipality and the John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality.

North West (South African province)
North West (Afrikaans: Noord-Wes [nuərtˈvɛs]; Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Mahikeng. The province is located to the west of the major population centre and province of Gauteng, to the south of the country of Botswana, and southwest of the northernmost province of Limpopo.
Olivier, Louisiana
Olivier is an unincorporated community in Iberia Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community is located less than 4 miles (6.4 kilometres) northeast of Lydia and 4 miles (6.4 kilometres) southeast of New Iberia.

Iberia Parish, Louisiana
Iberia Parish (French: Paroisse de l'Ibérie, Spanish: Parroquia de Iberia) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 69,929; the parish seat is New Iberia.

The parish was formed in 1868 during the Reconstruction era and named for Iberia. It is part of the 22-parish Acadiana region of the state, with a large Francophone population. Some of its ethnic French residents had ancestors who settled here after being expelled in the 18th century by the British from Acadia in present-day Canada. Historically, it has also been a center for sugar cane cultivation and produces the most sugar of any parish in the state.

Iberia Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan area. The Port of Iberia has a waterway with access to the Gulf Coast.
Heroes Against Hunger
Heroes Against Hunger is a 1986 all-star benefit comic book for African famine relief and recovery. Published by DC Comics in the form of a "comic jam" or exquisite corpse, the book starred Superman and Batman. Spearheaded by Jim Starlin and Bernie Wrightson, all proceeds from the comic went to hunger relief in Africa.

Comic jam
A comic jam is a creative process where one or more comics artists collaborates on drawing or painting one single comic. Often the process is that one artist creates the first page, and then another artist creates the second, and a third does the next, and so on. There is no script that the artists work from, and the content of the comics is improvised. Any given artist working on a comic jam makes a page based solely on what happened on the previous page. Variations include each artist contributing a single panel, or set of two or three panels, and then passing it on to the next participant. The cartoonists of the seminal underground anthology Zap Comix were known for contributing a jam comic to each issue of Zap from around issue #3 onward.
Pikareinu
Pikareinu   is a village in Kanepi Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia.

The second-tallest structure in Estonia (and the highest structure measured from sea level), the Valgjärve TV Mast, is located in Pikareinu. The poet and writer Elise Aun (1863–1932) was born in Pikareinu.

Elise Aun
Elise Aun (15 June 1863 – 2 June 1932) was an Estonian poet and writer; one of the most notable women writers in 19th-century Estonia.

Elise Rosalie Aun was born in Pikareinu, Valgjärve Parish (now, Kanepi Parish), Põlva County in 1863. In 1882, she graduated from Räpina Parish Girls' School. After graduating, she was unable to find steady work and did different small jobs in 1880s and 1890s. In 1902, she became an outlet manager for the Christian Popular Literature Agency in Tallinn. In 1903, she married the schoolteacher Friedrich Raup.
Julie Tien
Julie Tian, or Tian Ling-ling or Julie Chien (Chinese: 田玲玲; born October 27, 1937), is a politician from Taiwan. Tian graduated from the National Chengchi University with a bachelor's degree in Spanish in 1960 and later on earned a master of library science from the George Peabody College for Teachers. Tian is the wife of Fredrick Chien, the former Foreign Minister and former President of the Control Yuan of the Republic of China.

During her husband's tenure as the ROC Representative to the United States, Tian presided over the restoration and redecoration efforts of the Twin Oaks Estate.

Tian is a standing committee member of the National Women's League of the R.O.C.

Fredrick Chien
Chien Foo (Chinese: 錢復; born 21 March 1935), also known by his English name Fredrick Foo Chien, is a Taiwanese diplomat and politician who served as the president of the Control Yuan from 1999 to 2005. After earning his doctorate from Yale University, he assumed a series of governmental positions include Director-General of the Government Information Office from 1972 to 1975, Republic of China Representative to the United States from 1982 to 1988, Chairman of the Council for Economic Planning and Development from 1988 to 1990, and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1990 to 1996. He was also the Speaker of the National Assembly between 1996 and 1999.
Spynet
Spynet is a CBC Television children's show, which features Sam, played by Kim Schraner, as a spy operative for a fictional Canadian spy agency, the National Espionage Task-Force (NET). It started as an ultra-low budget segment, of short length, but increased modestly in budget and length, to a half-hour format. It aired on February 25, 2002 to 2004 and is directed by Michael Kinney

The episodes, built to be educational with a plot, vary in their content-action ratio.

Kim Schraner
Kim Schraner (born 1976) is a Canadian actress, who starred in the children's spy TV series Spynet, shown in Canada on CBC Television.

Schraner starred in the Showcase soap opera Paradise Falls as the character Jessica Lansing.
She starred in the pilot episode of T.R.A.X., which wasn't picked up as a series.
She's had appearances in various TV shows, including Mutant X, PSI Factor, Twice In A Lifetime, The Newsroom, and Due South.
She's also appeared in the TV movies Common Ground and The Hunt for the Unicorn Killer.
Highland Wildlife Park
The Highland Wildlife Park is a 105-hectare (260-acre) safari park and zoo in Kingussie, Highland, Scotland. The park is located within the Cairngorms National Park. The park is run by the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland and is a member of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA) and the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA).

Safari park
A safari park, sometimes known as a wildlife park, is a zoo-like commercial drive-in tourist attraction where visitors can drive their own vehicles or ride in vehicles provided by the facility to observe freely roaming animals.

A safari park is larger than a zoo and smaller than a game reserve. For example, African Lion Safari in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada is 750 acres (3.0 km2). For comparison, Lake Nakuru in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya, is 168 square kilometres (65 sq mi), and a typical large game reserve is Tsavo East, also in Kenya, which encompasses 11,747 square kilometres (4,536 sq mi).

Many parks have conservation programmes with endangered animals like: elephants, white rhinos, giraffes, lions, tigers, cheetahs and wild dogs.
I Was a Cat from a Book
I Was a Cat from a Book is an album by the Scottish singer-songwriter James Yorkston, released in 2012 on Domino Records. The album was co-produced by the Welsh singer David Wrench and features a guest appearance by Kathryn Williams.

James Yorkston
James Yorkston (born James Patrick Yorkston Wright; 21 December 1971) is a Scottish folk musician, singer-songwriter and author from the village of Kingsbarns, Fife. He has been releasing music since 2001. As well as recording as a solo artist, he has released music with his backing band the Athletes, as part of the Fence Collective, and as a member of the trio Yorkston/Thorne/Khan. He has also written fiction and non-fiction books.
Deborah Diesen
Deborah Diesen is an American children's book author. Her book The Pout-Pout Fish was chosen by Time magazine as a Top 10 Children's Book of 2008. It was also selected for the Michigan Reads! literacy program.

In 2019, The Pout-Pout Fish was adapted into a musical by Christopher Anselmo and Jared Corak. It premiered at the New Victory Theater in Manhattan, New York, produced by TheatreWorksUSA. An animated film adaptation of the same name was released in January 2026.

The Pout-Pout Fish (film)
The Pout-Pout Fish is a 2026 animated fantasy comedy film, written by Elise Allen and Elie Choufany, based on the children's book by Deborah Diesen. It is an international co-production between Australia and United States and features the voices of Nick Offerman, Nina Oyama, Miranda Otto, Jordin Sparks, and Amy Sedaris.

The Pout-Pout Fish was released theatrically on January 1, 2026 in Australia and will be released on March 20 in the United States, by Viva Pictures.
Francesco Brambilla
Francesco Brambilla (16th century) was an Italian sculptor of the Renaissance period, active in Milan, in the decoration of its massive gothic Cathedral.

His daughter, Margherita, was married to Pietro Antonio Daverio, one of his pupils.

Milan Cathedral
Milan Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Milano [ˈdwɔːmo di miˈlaːno]; Milanese: Domm de Milan [ˈdɔm de miˈlãː]), or Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica of the Nativity of Saint Mary (Italian: Cattedrale Metropolitana della Natività della Beata Vergine Maria), is the cathedral church of Milan, Lombardy, Italy. Dedicated to the Nativity of St. Mary (Santa Maria Nascente), it is the seat of the Archbishop of Milan, currently Archbishop Mario Delpini.

The cathedral took nearly six centuries to complete: construction began in 1386, and the final details were completed in 1965. It is the largest church in the Italian Republic—the larger St. Peter's Basilica is in the State of Vatican City, a sovereign state—and one of the largest in the world.
The Amygdaloids
The Amygdaloids, an American rock band from New York City, contains three New York University scientists: Joseph LeDoux, vocals and guitar, Tyler Volk, lead guitar and vocals, Colin Dempsey, bass, and Daniela Schiller, drums. LeDoux is a professor of neuroscience and Volk a professor of biology. Schiller is a postdoctoral researcher in cognitive neuroscience.  Their name is a reference to the amygdala in the brain.

Daniela Schiller
Daniela Schiller (Hebrew: דניאלה שילר; born October 26, 1972, in Israel) is a neuroscientist who leads the Affective Neuroscience Lab at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. She is best known for her work on memory reconsolidation, and on modification of emotional learning and memory.
Yevgeny Grishin (water polo)
Yevgeny Borisovich Grishin (Russian: Евгений Борисович Гришин, born 1 October 1959) is a retired Russian water polo defender. He was part of the Soviet teams that won gold medals at the 1980 Olympics, 1982 World Championships, and 1983 and 1985 European championships, and placed third at the 1986 World Championships and 1988 Olympics. Grishin was coached by his father Boris, who is also a retired Olympic water polo defender. His mother Valentina and sister Yelena are Olympic fencers.

His nephew, Sergey Bida, is a top-ranked épée fencer who made his Olympic debut in Tokyo, winning a silver medal. He was ranked #1 in the world in 2020.  He is also a three-time European épée team champion. He moved to the United States in 2023 after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, along with his wife, Olympic épée fencer Violetta Khrapina Bida.

Sergey Bida
Sergey Olegovich Bida (Russian: Сергей Олегович Бида, IPA: [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ˈbʲidə]; born 13 February 1993) is a Russian left-handed épée fencer. He was ranked #1 in the world in 2019 and 2020. He is a three-time European épée team champion, and 2021 Olympic épée team silver medalist.  He moved to the United States in June 2023, along with his wife, Olympic épée fencer Violetta Bida. Bida is a member of USA Fencing.
1984 Davis Cup
The 1984 Davis Cup (also known as the 1984 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 73rd edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 62 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 25 in the Europe Zone, 12 in the Eastern Zone, and 9 in the Americas Zone. Singapore and Senegal made their first appearances in the tournament.

Sweden defeated the United States in the final, held at the Scandinavium in Gothenburg, Sweden, on 16–18 December, to win their 2nd Davis Cup title.

Senegal Davis Cup team
The Senegal men's national tennis team represents Senegal in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Fédération Senegalaise de Tennis. They have not competed since 2005.

They reached the Group I semifinals in 1988.
R v Clay
R v Clay [2003] 3 S.C.R. 735, 2003 SCC 75 is a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on the constitutionality of the prohibition to possess marijuana. The accused claimed that his section 7 Charter rights were violated. The Court dismissed the claim.

This case is the final of a trilogy of cases regarding the constitutionality of the prohibition of marijuana.

Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a constitutional provision that protects an individual's autonomy and personal legal rights from actions of the government in Canada. There are three types of protection within the section: the right to life, liberty and security of the person. Denials of these rights are constitutional only if the denials do not breach what is referred to as fundamental justice.

This Charter provision provides both substantive and procedural rights. It has broad application beyond merely protecting due process in administrative proceedings and in the adjudicative context, and has in certain circumstances touched upon major national policy issues such as entitlement to social assistance and public health care. As such, it has proven to be a controversial provision in the Charter.
Yuri Artyukhin
Yuri Petrovich Artyukhin (Russian: Ю́рий Петро́вич Артю́хин; 22 June 1930 – 4 August 1998) was a Soviet Russian cosmonaut and engineer who made a single flight into space.

Artyukhin graduated from the Soviet Air Force Institute with a doctorate in engineering, specializing in military communication systems. He was selected for the space programme in 1963 and would have flown on the Voskhod 3 mission had it not been canceled. He made his single flight on Soyuz 14 in 1974, where his area of expertise was presumably put to good use.

He left the space programme in 1982 and held various positions in space-related fields. Most notably, he was involved in the development of the Soviet space shuttle Buran and in cosmonaut training.

He died of cancer on 4 August 1998.

He was awarded:

Hero of the Soviet Union

Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR

Order of Lenin

Order of the Red Star

Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"

Jan Krasicki Cross (Poland)

Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR"
The Medal "For Distinction in Guarding the State Border of the USSR" (Russian: Медаль «За отличие в охране государственной границы СССР») was a military decoration of the Soviet Union established to recognise outstanding deeds related to state frontier security by members of Soviet Border Troops, servicemen and civilians.
Faqir Nabi
Faqir Nabi, also credited as Faqeer Nabi (Afghanistan, c. 1953 – 26 June 2020), was an Afghan film actor whose professional career in Afghan cinema and Bollywood spanned more than 22 years. Nabi appeared in more than 40 Afghan films, including a starring role in Akhtar-e-Maskhara.

Cinema of Afghanistan
Cinema was introduced to Afghanistan at the beginning of the 20th century. Political troubles, such as the 1973 Afghan coup d'état and the Saur Revolution slowed the industry over the years; however, numerous Pashto and Dari films have been made both inside and outside Afghanistan throughout the 20th century. The cinema of Afghanistan entered a new phase in 2001, but has failed to recover to its popular pre-war status.
The Ormsby Brothers
The Ormsby Brothers were a short-lived New-Zealand-Australian musical group, most famous for their version of "You Don't Own Me" which peaked at number 5 in Australia in mid-1973.

The Ormsby Brothers are from New Zealand's Waikato region.

The group's debut single was a cover of "I Saw Mummy Kissing Santa Claus" on the His Master's Voice label. The song did not chart.

In May 1973, the group released "You Don't Own Me", which peaked at number 5 on the Australian charts. "Sweet Virginia" followed and a self-titled album was released.

You Don't Own Me
"You Don't Own Me" is a pop song written by Philadelphia songwriters John Madara and David White and recorded by Lesley Gore in 1963, when she was 17 years old. The song was Gore's second most successful recording and her last top-ten single. Gore herself considered it to be her signature song claiming, "I just can't find anything stronger to be honest with you, it's a song that just grows every time you do it."

The song was prominent at the time of its release in 1963 as it symbolized women's empowerment, showing the strength of a woman capable of standing up for herself against a man. Since then, the song has been hailed as an early feminist anthem. In 2015, singer SayGrace took Gore's song to No. 1 in Australia with a version featuring rapper G-Eazy. The following year, the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Karan Singh
Karan Singh (born 9 March 1931) is an Indian politician and philosopher. He is the titular Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. From 1952 to 1965 he was the Sadr-i-Riyasat (President) of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. He is the chairperson trustee of the Dharmarth Trust of Jammu and Kashmir which maintains 175 temples in north India and works in other areas such as historical preservation.

Singh was a member of India's Upper House of Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, representing the national capital territory of Delhi. He is a senior member of the Indian National Congress party who served successively as President (Sadr-i-Riyasat) and Governor of the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. He was a life trustee and president of India International Centre. He was elected chancellor of Banaras Hindu University for three terms until 2018 when he was succeeded by Giridhar Malaviya. He has been a prospective presidential candidate over the years.

Dharmarth Trust
Dharmarth Trust (also spelt Dharmartha) in Jammu and Kashmir was founded by Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1846 as an endowment for religious charity, and to manage and support Hinduism. In 1884, and under Maharaja Ranbir Singh, the Ain-i-Dharmath (in Persian) or 'The Regulations for the Dharmarth Trust' were formulated and a government department for religious affairs was created. The trust helped the Dogra dynasty to consolidate and validate its control over its territory and over the functioning of Hinduism in the region.

Karan Singh has been the sole chairperson trustee since 1959. In 2009 the trust had about 100 temples under its ambit, mainly in Jammu and Kashmir, but also in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. The Trust continues to be the guardians of major temples such as Shankaracharya Temple in Srinagar, Kheer Bhawani in Ganderbal and the Raghunath temple and Bawe Wali Mata shrine in Jammu.
Johann, Count of Cleves
Johann (1293-1368), was the last Count of Cleves, from 1347 through 1368. Upon his death in 1368, the counties of Cleves and Count of Mark were united.

Johann was the youngest son of Dietrich VII, Count of Cleves and his second wife Margaret of Habsburg. He succeeded in 1347 his brother Dietrich VIII, Count of Cleves who had died without sons.

He married Mechteld of Guelders († 1384), daughter of Reginald II, Duke of Guelders, but the marriage remained childless.   After his death, the County of Cleves went to Adolf III of the Marck and so to the Counts of Marck.

Reginald II, Duke of Guelders
Reginald II of Guelders (Dutch: Reinoud), called "the Black" (c. 1295 – 12 October 1343), was Count of Guelders, and from 1339 onwards Duke of Guelders, and Zutphen, in the Low Countries, from 1326 to 1343. He was the son of Reginald I of Guelders and Marguerite of Flanders.
Terminus (Doctor Who)
Terminus is the fourth serial of the 20th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was originally broadcast in four twice-weekly parts on BBC1 from 15 to 23 February 1983.

In the serial, the alien time traveller the Fifth Doctor (Peter Davison) attempts to stop the fuel from a plague spaceship called Terminus from exploding and causing the destruction of the universe.

Terminus is the second of three loosely connected serials where the Black Guardian (Valentine Dyall) attempts to compel the alien Vislor Turlough (Mark Strickson) to kill the Doctor. It marks the final regular appearance of Sarah Sutton as companion Nyssa.

Valentine Dyall
Valentine Dyall (7 May 1908 – 24 June 1985) was an English character actor. Noted for his harsh and deep voice, he worked regularly as a voice actor, and was known for many years as "The Man in Black", the narrator of the BBC Radio horror series Appointment with Fear; reprising the role in the 1950 Hammer film The Man in Black.

He is further remembered by science fiction fans for playing Gargravarr in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, and playing the Black Guardian in Doctor Who. He was also a regular in the BBC's WWII drama Secret Army.

He was the son of the actor Franklin Dyall and the actress and author Mary Phyllis Joan Logan, who acted and wrote as Concordia Merrel.