hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clessidromma
Clessidromma is an extinct genus of ommatid beetle. It currently contains a single species Clessidromma palmeri, known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber of Myanmar. Kirejtshuk (2020) synonymised Lepidomma with Clessidromma and included two additional species in the latter: C. tianae, originally the type species of Lepidomma, and C. zengi, a newly described species. Li et al. (2021) disputed the synonymy of Lepidomma with Clessidromma, maintaining Lepidomma as a separate genus, and transferred C. zengi to a new genus, Kirejtomma, in 2021.

Ommatidae
The Ommatidae are a family of beetles in the suborder Archostemata. The Ommatidae are considered the extant beetle family that has most ancestral characteristics. There are only seven extant species, confined to Australia and South America. However, the geographical distribution was much wider during the Mesozoic spanning across Eurasia and Australia, suggesting that they were widespread on Pangea. So far, over 26 extinct genera containing over 170 species of these beetles have been described. Three extant genera have been assigned to this family: Omma, Tetraphalerus and Beutelius. The family is considered to be a subfamily of Cupedidae by some authors, but have been found to be more closely related to Micromalthidae in molecular phylogenies. A close relationship with Micromalthidae is supported by several morphological characters, including those of the mandibles and male genitalia. Due to their rarity, their ecology is obscure, it is likely that their larvae feed on deadwood.
Anserine
Anserine (β-alanyl-3-methylhistidine) is a dipeptide containing β-alanine and 3-methylhistidine. Anserine is a derivative of carnosine, which has been methylated.

Anserine has biological activities similar to those of carnosine, including buffering activity, antioxidant properties, metal ion chelation, and anti-aggregation effects. Both anserine and carnosine chelate copper. Because of its methylation, anserine is more stable in serum and resistant to degradation than carnosine. Compared with carnosine, anserine have a higher antioxidant capacity.

Anserine can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of mammals and birds. Anserine is also found in human kidney.

The pKa of the imidazole ring of histidine, when contained in anserine, is 7.04.

Dipeptide
A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The constituent amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers of the dipeptide are possible, depending on the sequence. Several dipeptides are physiologically important, and some are both physiologically and commercially significant. A well known dipeptide is aspartame, an artificial sweetener.

Dipeptides are white solids. Many are far more water-soluble than the parent amino acids. For example, the dipeptide Ala-Gln has the solubility of 586 g/L more than 10x the solubility of Gln (35 g/L). Dipeptides also can exhibit different stabilities, e.g. with respect to hydrolysis. Gln does not withstand sterilization procedures, whereas this dipeptide does. Because dipeptides are prone to hydrolysis, the high solubility is exploited in infusions, i.e. to provide nutrition.
Abdul-Halim Sadulayev
Abdul-Halim Abusalamovich Sadulayev (/ˈɑːbduːl kəˈliːm saɪdʊˈlaɪɛv/ ⓘ AHB-dool kə-LEEM sy-duu-LY-ev; 2 June 1966 – 17 June 2006) was the fourth President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. Sadulayev served little more than a full year as President before being killed in a gun battle with FSB and pro-Russian Chechen forces.

Sadulayev was the first Chechen leader effectively attempting to unify the Islamic rebel forces outside Chechnya, as he had won pledges of loyalty not only from Chechen separatists, but also from Islamist groups seeking the overthrow of the Kremlin's authority across the North Caucasus; this formation became known as the Caucasian Front. He was also credited with persuading radical warlord Shamil Basayev not to carry out any major terrorist attacks since Beslan.

President of Ichkeria
The president of Ichkeria, formally the president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (Chechen: Нохчийн Республикан Ичкерин Президент, romanized: Noxçiyn Respublikan Içkerin Prezident; Russian: Президент Чеченской Республики Ичкерия, romanized: Prezident Chechenskoy Respubliki Ichkeriya) was the head of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria from 1991 to 2007, the Islamic republic that existed until the victory of the Russian Federation in the Second Chechen War.

This is a list of presidents of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a de facto state in Chechnya that controlled most of the former Checheno-Ingush ASSR from 1991 to 2007 (see First Chechen War, Second Chechen War). Ichkeria's last presidential elections were held in January 1997.
Rossman–Prospect Avenue Historic District
The Rossman–Prospect Avenue Historic District is a small residential neighborhood located near the eastern end of the city of Hudson, New York, United States. Its houses were primarily built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is the smaller of the city's two historic districts.

The area was developed when the city built an aqueduct through land owned by the Rossman family for a reservoir. It was the first planned residential subdivision in the city outside its large downtown grid plan. In 1985 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Hudson, New York
Hudson is a city in and the county seat of Columbia County, New York, United States. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 5,894. On the east side of the Hudson River, 120 miles (190 km) from the Atlantic Ocean, it was named after the river's explorer, Henry Hudson.

Often called the "Brooklyn of Upstate New York", Hudson is a tourist destination known for its antique shops and boutiques.
Dobatia
Dobatia is a monotypic genus of gastropods belonging to the family Clausiliidae. The only species is Dobatia goettingi. The genus was named after German naturalist Johann Christian Döbat, while the species received its name from Dutch zoologist Hermann Schlegel in 1853.

The species is found in Japan.

Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species, this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger.

Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical structure known as a clausilium, which enables the snail to close off the aperture of the shell with a sliding "door".
Ivan Asen Cove
Ivan Asen Cove (Bulgarian: залив Иван Асен, ‘Zaliv Ivan Asen’ \'za-liv i-'van a-'sen\) is the 1.16 km wide cove on Osmar Strait indenting for 800 m the southeast coast of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, and entered northeast of Ivan Asen Point.  Its head is fed by Dragoman Glacier.

The feature takes its name from the adjacent Ivan Asen Point.

Dragoman Glacier
Dragoman Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Драгоман, romanized: lednik Dragoman, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ drɐɡoˈman]) is a 1.4 nautical miles (2.6 km; 1.6 mi) long glacier on Smith Island, South Shetland Islands draining the southeast slopes of Imeon Range southeast of Zavet Saddle and south of the summit Mount Foster.  It is situated southeast of Bistra Glacier, southwest of Landreth Glacier and northeast of Armira Glacier, and flows southeastward into Ivan Asen Cove, Osmar Strait.  Bulgarian early mapping in 2009.  The glacier is named after the town of Dragoman in western Bulgaria.
Mukhtarov Mosque
The Sunni Mosque or the Mukhtarov Mosque is a historic mosque on the left bank of the Terek River in Vladikavkaz, Russia. The mosque owes its name to the Azerbaijani millionaire Murtuza Mukhtarov who financed its construction in 1900–1908. The architect Józef Plośko was inspired by Al-Azhar and other mosques of Cairo. Plośko was also the architect of Mukhtarov Palace in Baku. The mosque serves the Ossetian Muslim minority.

The Sunni Mosque is known for its picturesque setting against the dramatic backdrop of the Caucasus Mountains. It also used to serve the Ingush residents of Vladikavkaz before they were expelled from North Ossetia in the 1990s. The mosque has been protected as a historic landmark since 1934. In 1996, it was badly damaged by an explosion and later restored.

Vladikavkaz
Vladikavkaz, formerly known as Ordzhonikidze, Dzaudzhikau, and Buro, is the capital city of North Ossetia–Alania, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus, situated on the Terek River. The city's population was 311,693 as of the 2021 Census. As a result, Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus region.

The city is an industrial and transportation centre. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemicals, clothing and food products.
Joany Kane
Joany Kane is an American screenwriter from Massachusetts. She came up with the idea of the OTT streaming platform, Passionflix, got the URL, and in 2017, co-founded it with Tosca Musk and Jina Panebianco. She wrote her first screenplay in 1991. She also writes romance ebooks.

Tosca Musk
Tosca Jane Musk (born 20 July 1974) is a South African filmmaker. She is an executive producer and director of feature films, television programs, and web content. Her work includes K. Bromberg's Driven, Rachel van Dyken's Matchmaker's Playbook, and  her web series, Tiki Bar TV. Tosca is the younger sister of Elon Musk and Kimbal Musk,  and daughter of Errol Musk and Maye Musk. She co-founded the streaming service Passionflix.
The Dig (2021 film)
The Dig is a 2021 British drama film directed by Simon Stone, based on the 2007 historical novel of the same name by John Preston, which reimagines the events of the 1939 excavation of Sutton Hoo in Suffolk, England. It stars Carey Mulligan, Ralph Fiennes, Lily James, Johnny Flynn, Ben Chaplin, Ken Stott, Archie Barnes, and Monica Dolan.

It had a limited release on 14 January 2021, followed by streaming on Netflix on 29 January 2021. The film received positive reviews from critics and received five nominations for the British Academy Film Awards, including Outstanding British Film.

Edith Pretty
Edith May Pretty (née Dempster; 1 August 1883 – 17 December 1942) was an English landowner on whose land the Sutton Hoo ship burial was discovered after she hired Basil Brown, a local excavator and amateur archaeologist, to determine whether anything lay beneath the mounds on her property.
American Bang
American Bang was an American southern rock band from Nashville, Tennessee. The group was founded by two former members of Llama and one of the Kicks, along with a fourth member, in 2005. They initially formed under the name Bang Bang Bang and self-released an album under this name in 2005, but after signing to Warner Bros. Records in 2006, they changed their name to American Bang after finding out another band of the same name already existed. Their first EP under the new name arrived in 2007, and a new full-length was issued in 2010. Their song "Wild and Young" was the theme song of WWE's show WWE NXT. It was also used in the 2010 animated film Alpha and Omega and in the season one finale of the television show Greek.

The band's lead guitarist, Ben Brown has now left, and the remaining trio have formed a similar band called The Cadillac Three.

Llama (band)
Llama was an American alternative rock band from Nashville, Tennessee. Formed by high school friends Ben Brown, Neil Mason, Ben Morton, and Matthew Stewart, they were discovered while playing a concert in a local pizzeria. Then called the Dahlia Llamas, they were signed to a contract with MCA Records and changed their name to Llama while the three original members of the band were still in high school.
Minuscule 630
Minuscule 630 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 461 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is known as Codex Ottobonianus. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th or 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Formerly it was labeled by 163a and 201p.

Minuscule 81
Minuscule 81 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), or α162 (in the Soden numbering) is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1044. Formerly it was labelled by 61a and 61p (Gregory). The manuscript is lacunose. It was adapted for liturgical use.
Britt Dekker
Britt Dekker (born 24 February 1992) is a Dutch equestrian, actress and television presenter. She has presented several television shows, including Britt's Beestenbende, We Want More and First & Last. Dekker is also known for her role as Megan in the films Whitestar (2019) and Silverstar (2022).

Jochem van Gelder
Jochem van Gelder (born 23 May 1963) is a Dutch television presenter. He is known for presenting the television shows Willem Wever, Praatjesmakers and Bonje met de buren. He also presented Het Beste Idee van Nederland and Lachen om Home Video's.
Irondale River
The Irondale River is a river in Haliburton County in Central Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Great Lakes Basin, and is a left tributary of the Burnt River.

The river flows begins at an unnamed lake in geographic Dudley Township in the municipality of Dysart et al, just southwest of the southern tip of Algonquin Provincial Park. It flows south, passes under Ontario Highway 118, then turns southwest, and passes over the High Falls. It continues southwest, passes into the municipality of Minden Hills, heads past the community of Irondale, and reaches its mouth at the Burnt River, northeast of the community of Kinmount. The Burnt River flows via the Kawartha Lakes, the Otonabee River and the Trent River to Lake Ontario.

From east of the community of Gooderham to the river mouth, the river is paralleled by Haliburton County Road 503.

Burnt River (Ontario)
The Burnt River is a river which flows from its source at Miskwabi Lake in Highlands East, Haliburton County south into the Kawartha Lakes region. It empties into Cameron Lake in the city of Kawartha Lakes, part of the Trent–Severn Waterway. The town of Burnt River is located near its southern end.

The river was used to transport lumber to sawmills downstream. Later, the Victoria Railway was built along the river. The old railway bed is now a recreational trail.

The river was given its name after a forest fire in the region left the river's water with an unusual colour.
Jörgen Elofsson
Kjell Åke Jörgen Elofsson (born 14 January 1962) is a Swedish songwriter.

He was one of the writers of the songwriter-team at Cheiron Studios in Stockholm (along with Denniz PoP, Max Martin, Kristian Lundin, Andreas Carlsson, Rami Yacoub, Per Magnusson, David Kreuger, Herbie Crichlow, Jake Schulze, Alexander Kronlund and Alexandra Talomaa) where he made successful songs such as Britney Spears' "Sometimes" and "(You Drive Me) Crazy".

He is also known for co-writing hit songs like Kelly Clarkson's "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)", which was nominated for Song the Year and Record of the Year at the 2013 Grammy Awards, as well as Westlife's "Fool Again", "Unbreakable", and "Evergreen".

Where Do We Go from Here? (Agnetha Fältskog song)
"Where Do We Go From Here?" is a song released by Agnetha Fältskog as the first single from her reissued 2013 album A, to be titled A+. The song, written by Jörgen Elofsson and Kamilla Bayrak premiered on BBC Radio 2 on 31 August 2023.
Langfossen
Langfossen or Langfoss is a waterfall located in Etne Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The waterfall is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the village of Fjæra. The water falls down a towering mountain, a total distance of about 612 metres (2,008 ft) before the water leaps out into Åkrafjorden at the base of the mountain. European route E134 runs along the base of the waterfall, making access very easy.

The World Waterfall Database declared this waterfall to be one of the "best in the world". In March 2011 CNN/Budget Travel sat Langfossen as one of the worlds ten most beautiful waterfalls.  The waterfall is one of the few in Norway that has not been used in hydroelectric power generation, so it is still in its natural state.

Etne Municipality
Etne is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland, although it is also sometimes considered to be part of the district of Haugaland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Etnesjøen. Other villages in the municipality include Skånevik and Fjæra. Etne Municipality is situated south of the city of Bergen, along the border with Rogaland county.

The 735.28-square-kilometre (283.89 sq mi) municipality is the 154th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Etne Municipality is the 201st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,093. The municipality's population density is 5.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (15/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.

A Norwegian motion picture called United was shot in Etne Municipality with local people as actors.
Mikael Portukal Pasha
Mikael Portukal Pasha, also known as Mikael Portakalyan (1841 – 1897) was an Ottoman-Armenian economist, educator and politician during the late Tanzimat period. He succeeded to Hagop Kazazian Pasha as Minister of the Privy Treasury of the Ottoman Empire, under the rule of monarch Abdul Hamid II.

At that time, there began to be greater recognition of Armenian cultural identity in the Ottoman Empire, in an eco-demographic dynamic that fueled Armenian social and political momentum. There was indeed an urban Armenian elite in Constantinople, to the point that an Armenian could become Minister of the Privy Treasury.

Hagop Kazazian Pasha
Hagop Kazazian Pasha (alternative spelling: Agop Kazazyan) (1836–1891) was a high-ranking Ottoman Armenian official, who served as the Minister of Finance and the Minister of the Privy Treasury during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Famed at the time for his loyalty, he received a state funeral after he died in 1891 from a horse-riding accident on the grounds of Kalender Kasrı while riding a horse that had been a gift from the sultan.
Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).

Artabanes
Artabanes (Greek: Ἀρταβάνης, Armenian: Արտաւան Artawan, from Parthian Artawân, fl. 538–554) was an Eastern Roman (Byzantine) general of Armenian origin who served under Justinian I (r. 527–565). Initially a rebel against Byzantine authority, he fled to the Sassanid Persians but soon returned to Byzantine allegiance. He served in Africa, where he won great fame by killing the rebel general Guntharic and restoring the province to imperial allegiance. He became engaged to Justinian's niece Praejecta, but did not marry her due to the opposition of the Empress Theodora. Recalled to Constantinople, he became involved in a failed conspiracy against Justinian in 548/549, but wasn't punished severely after its revelation. He was soon pardoned and sent to Italy to fight in the Gothic War, where he participated in the decisive Byzantine victory at Casilinum.
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
The Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology (NBMG) is a research and public service unit of the University of Nevada and the State Geological Survey.  NBMG is also part of the Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering at the University of Nevada in Reno. Scientists with the NBMG conduct research and publish their findings around topics which include, mineral and energy resources, engineering geology, environmental geology, earthquakes, groundwater, and geologic mapping in Nevada. In addition, the NBMG provides special services in the field of analytical geochemistry and assay standards, mineral and rock identification.  The NBMG provides earth-science education and in-service teacher training and continuing education for professional geoscientists, geologic and geotechnical information.

Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering
The Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering (formerly Mackay School of Mines) is a specialized school within the University of Nevada, Reno. It is named after John Mackay, father of Clarence Mackay.
Work Capacity Test
The Work Capacity Test (WCT), known informally as the pack test, is a U.S. Forest Service physical test for wildland firefighters.  The pack test is intentionally stressful as it tests the capacity of muscular strength and aerobic endurance of the firefighter.  There are three tests known as arduous, moderate, and light.  The pack test may be given as part of the S-130/S-190 basic wildland firefighter course.

The pack test replaced as of the late 1990s an earlier physical fitness test called the step test, which measured physical fitness based on beginning and ending heart rate after a short workout on a set of stairs.  It was believed that the pack test more accurately measures the ability to perform arduous labor for a sustained period of time (e.g. 45 minutes) than the step test.  Besides the U.S. Forest Service, all other federal and most other state and private agencies also use the pack test although there are a few state and private agencies which still use the step test.

Harvard step test
The Harvard step test, in scientific literature sometimes referred to as the Brouha Test, is a type of cardiac stress test for detecting and diagnosing cardiovascular disease.  It is also a good measurement of fitness and a person's ability to recover after a strenuous exercise by checking the recovery rate. The test was developed by Lucien Brouha and his associates in 1942.
Upholstery
Upholstery is the work of providing furniture, especially seats, with padding, springs, webbing, and fabric or leather covers. The word also refers to the materials used to upholster something.

Upholstery comes from the Middle English word upholder, which referred to an artisan who makes fabric furnishings. The term is equally applicable to domestic, automobile, airplane and boat furniture, and can be applied to mattresses, particularly the upper layers, though these often differ significantly in design. A person who works with upholstery is called an upholsterer. An apprentice upholsterer is sometimes called an outsider or trimmer. Traditional upholstery uses materials like coil springs (post-1850), animal hair (horse, hog and cow), coir, straw and hay, hessians, linen scrims, wadding, etc., and is done by hand, building each layer up. In contrast, today's upholsterers employ synthetic materials like dacron and vinyl, serpentine springs, and so on.

Upholstery coil springs
Upholstery coil springs are an important part of most modern upholstery. The consumer usually never sees the construction features of an upholstered piece. The overall quality of the materials and construction dictate the comfort level of an upholstered piece and its ability to satisfy the consumer over the long term. A basic upholstered piece may be composed of a frame, springs, foam, cushioning, padding, and textiles.

Coil springs are individual coils, open at both ends. They may be knotted at one end. When attached to webbing and twine-tied at the top, they form the platform on which the loose cushion rests.