hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rhetorical structure theory
Rhetorical structure theory (RST) is a theory of text organization that describes relations that hold between parts of text. It was originally developed by William Mann, Sandra Thompson, Christian M. I. M. Matthiessen and others at the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute (ISI) and defined in a 1988 paper. The theory was developed as part of studies of computer-based text generation. Natural language researchers later began using RST in text summarization and other applications. It explains coherence by postulating a hierarchical, connected structure of texts.  In 2000, Daniel Marcu, also of ISI, demonstrated that practical discourse parsing and text summarization also could be achieved using RST.

Sandra Thompson (linguist)
Sandra Annear Thompson (born July 6, 1941) is an American linguist specializing in discourse analysis, typology, and interactional linguistics. She is Professor Emerita of Linguistics at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). She has published numerous books, her research has appeared in many linguistics journals, and she serves on the editorial board of several prominent linguistics journals.
Plainfield Township Trail
Plainfield Township Trail is a 6.9-mile (11.1 km) rail trail in Plainfield Township, Pennsylvania. The trail extends from Stockertown (Belfast Junction) to Pen Argyl at Pen Argyl Junction. The trail follows the former Conrail rail line, which was abandoned in 1981.

Stockertown, Pennsylvania
Stockertown is a borough in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, Stockertown had a population of 919. It is part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area.

The borough contains large industries such as Hercules Cement, Polymer Products, and Praxair. The borough spans a 21⁄2-mile radius and provides services for a population of 919 residents. Stockertown is at the hub of five surrounding second-class townships, and until the Charles Chrin Interchange was built near Tatamy in 2015, provided the closest access to Pennsylvania Route 33 for many industrial parks in these townships.

Since 2006, Forks Township has been contracted to provide fire services to the borough, and the borough maintains its own police department. It is located in Pennsylvania's 17th Congressional District, and in Pennsylvania's 137th (State House of Representatives) and 18th (State Senate) Legislative Districts.
Italian Labour Union
The Italian Labour Union (Italian: Unione Italiana del Lavoro, pronounced [uˈnjoːne itaˈljaːna del laˈvoːro]; UIL [uˈil, wil]) is a national trade union centre in Italy. It was founded in 1950 as a socialist, social democratic, republican, and laic split from the Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL). It represents almost 2.2 million workers.

The UIL is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), and the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC).

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
7 April Stadium (Aleppo)
7 April Stadium (Arabic: ملعب السابع من نيسان) is a football stadium in the Syrian city of Aleppo. Opened in 1948, the venue is considered to be the oldest football stadium in Syria. The stadium is home to the Syrian 2nd Division football clubs Al-Yarmouk SC, Jalaa SC, Shorta Aleppo SC and Ommal Aleppo SC.

Ommal Aleppo SC
Ommal Aleppo Sports Club (Arabic: نادي عمال حلب الرياضي) is a Syrian football club based in Aleppo. They play their home games at Aleppo 7 April Stadium. The sports club is part of the General Federation of Trade Unions.
Takahiro Sakurai
Takahiro Sakurai (櫻井 孝宏, Sakurai Takahiro; born June 13, 1974) is a Japanese voice actor, narrator, and radio personality from Aichi Prefecture, Japan. His well-known roles include heroes such as Cloud Strife in Compilation of Final Fantasy VII, Suzaku Kururugi in Code Geass, X in Mega Man X, Arataka Reigen in Mob Psycho 100, Giyu Tomioka in Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, and Burton in Ninjala, as well as villains such as Maximilien Robespierre in Le Chevalier D'Eon, Hiltz in Zoids: Guardian Force, Sasori in Naruto Shippūden, Rohan Kishibe in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Diamond is Unbreakable,  and Suguru Geto in Jujutsu Kaisen. He voiced the main character Miyuki Kazuya in Ace of Diamond. He is the official Japanese dub voice for Robert Pattinson since Twilight. His range is tenor.

Zoids: Chaotic Century
Zoids: Chaotic Century, simply titled Zoids (ゾイド -ZOIDS-, Zoido) in Japan, is the first of five anime series based on the Zoids range of mecha model kits produced by TOMY. It is loosely adapted from the manga series Kiiju Shinseiki Zoido, which was created by Michiro Ueyama and published in CoroCoro Comic. The series was animated by Xebec, and aired from September 4, 1999, to December 23, 2000, on TBS and Network. Although the first series to be produced for the franchise in Japan, Chaotic Century was the second series to be dubbed and aired in Western nations, following Zoids: New Century. In August 2013, a Blu-ray box set of the series was released in Japan, it optionally came with a limited edition Blade Liger.
Switch (Lisa song)
"Switch/I Only Want to Be with You" (stylized as SWITCH/I ONLY WANT TO BE WITH YOU) is a double A-side by ex-m-flo vocalist LISA. The single charted at #43 on the Oricon charts and became the last single by LISA to chart in the top fifty.

The track "Switch" features the hip-hop sibling duo Heartsdales and singer Koda Kumi, while the track "I Only Want to Be with You" is a cover of the 1953 Dusty Springfield song of the same name.

Lisa (Japanese musician, born 1974)
Elizabeth Sakura Narita (成田・エリザベス・サクラ, Narita Erizabesu Sakura, born 26 October 1974), better known by her stage name Lisa (stylized as LISA), is a Japanese singer, songwriter and producer. In 1998, she debuted as a member of the Japanese urban contemporary group M-Flo with Verbal and Taku Takahashi. In 2002, she left the band in order to pursue a solo project and released seven albums as a soloist. In December 2017, she rejoined as a member of M-Flo.
ARA Presidente Sarmiento
34°36′32.23″S 58°21′56.31″W﻿ / ﻿34.6089528°S 58.3656417°W﻿ / -34.6089528; -58.3656417

ARA Presidente Sarmiento is a museum ship in Argentina, originally built as a training ship for the Argentine Navy and named after Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, the seventh President of Argentina. It is considered to be the last intact cruising training ship from the 1890s.

Museum ship
A museum ship, also called a memorial ship, is a ship that has been preserved and converted into a museum open to the public for educational or memorial purposes. Some are also used for training and recruitment purposes, mostly for the small number of museum ships that are still operational and thus capable of regular movement.

Several hundred museum ships are kept around the world, with around 175 of them organised in the Historic Naval Ships Association though many are not naval museum ships, from general merchant ships to tugs and lightships. Many, if not most, museum ships are also associated with a maritime museum.
James Anthony Griffin
James Anthony Griffin (born June 13, 1934) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Griffin served as bishop of the Diocese of Columbus in Ohio from 1983 to 2004. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland in Ohio from 1979 to 1983.

Diocese of Columbus
The Diocese of Columbus (Latin: Dioecesis Columbensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church covering 23 counties in central Ohio in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati. The mother church is St. Joseph Cathedral in Columbus. The diocese was erected in 1868. The current bishop is Earl K. Fernandes.
Biriyani (film)
Biriyani is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language black comedy action thriller film directed and written by Venkat Prabhu and produced by Studio Green. It stars Karthi and Hansika Motwani alongside an ensemble cast including Premji, Nassar, Ramki, Sampath Raj, Madhumitha, Jayaprakash, Prem, and Mandy Takhar (in her Tamil debut). Yuvan Shankar Raja composed the score and soundtrack of Biriyani, which marks his 100th film, while Sakthi Saravanan and Praveen-Srikanth handled cinematography and editing, respectively.

Filming started in November 2012, lasted for over nine months and took place primarily at Chennai, Hyderabad and Ambur.

Biriyani was released on 20 December 2013 to mixed-to-positive reviews from critics. The film was reported to be inspired by the 2004 American film Harold & Kumar Go To White Castle, though Prabhu was lauded for making creative changes to the story. The film became a commercial success and recovered its budget at the box-office.

Ramki
Ramakrishnan (born 31 March 1962), better known by his stage name Ramki, is an Indian actor best known for his work in Tamil cinema. He made his debut in Chinna Poove Mella Pesu (1987). He was a leading actor from 1987 to 2004. He is well known by his unique hair style.

He was known for his performances in successful movies such as Senthoora Poove (1988), Maruthu Pandi (1990), Inaindha Kaigal (1990), Athma (1993), Karuppu Roja (1996) and RX 100 (2018).

He made his comeback in cinema after nine years and returned in a supporting role with the supernatural thriller film Masani (2013).
Mario García (runner)
Mario García Romo (born 29 June 1999) is a Spanish middle-distance runner, who specializes in the 1500 metres. He was the national champion in the event in 2022, and he represented Spain in the 1500 m at the 2022 and 2023 World Championships, finishing fourth and sixth.

García competed collegiately for the University of Mississippi, where he won a national title in the mile at the 2022 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships. After graduating in 2022, he joined the On Athletics Club as a professional runner for On Running.

Ole Miss Rebels
The Ole Miss Rebels are the 18 men's and women's intercollegiate athletic teams of the University of Mississippi, located in Oxford, Mississippi. The first to be established was the football team, which began play in 1893.

Originally known as the "Mississippi Flood", the teams were renamed the Rebels in 1936. They compete in the Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division I, except for the rifle team, which participates in the Patriot Rifle Conference because the SEC does not sponsor that sport.

The school's colors are red (PMS 186) and navy blue (PMS 2767), chosen to mirror the respective school colors of Harvard and Yale. The team's mascot is Tony the Landshark, which replaced the Rebel Black Bear in 2018, which replaced Colonel Reb in 2011.

Between 1995 and 2004, 630 Ole Miss student-athletes received all-conference academic honors.
Start the Fire (Alcazar song)
"Start the Fire" is a song by Swedish band Alcazar, released as the second single from their compilation album Dancefloor Deluxe, before their three-year hiatus. The chorus is borrowed from Billy Joel's classic hit "We Didn't Start the Fire", though the verses are completely new. It also features samples from "Heartache # 9" by Delegation. The maxi single contains two previously unreleased tracks "Glamourama" and "Nothing But the Video On".

The track reached number 10 in Sweden, and number 87 in Switzerland.

Alcazar (group)
Alcazar is a Swedish nu-disco group formed in Stockholm. The group is one of Sweden's most successful music acts, both nationally and internationally, achieving a series of hits since their debut single in 1999. Globally, Alcazar sold over 12 million records between 2001 and 2004. The group gained international recognition in 2000 with their song "Crying at the Discoteque", which charted in the USA, Brazil, Australia, Japan, and most European countries.

Alcazar disbanded in August 2011 after a concert at Stockholm Pride. They reunited in 2013 ahead of Melodifestivalen 2014 before disbanding again in 2018. Since then, they have only reunited on rare occasions.
The Weather Inside
The Weather Inside is the second album by Helen Watson released in 1989. Produced by Glyn Johns, the record was recorded at A&M Studios in Los Angeles and AIR Studios in London. All songs were written by Helen Watson and Martin McGroarty, except "Dangerous Daybreak" (Stead / Ellis / Trundle / Watson / McGroarty).

The album employs a stellar cast of session musicians including Andy Fairweather-Low, Richie Hayward, George Hawkins, Michael Landau, Ethan Johns, Bill Payne, Bernie Leadon and Albert Lee. The sessions for this and Watson's debut album Blue Slipper were the first time members of Little Feat had worked together since Lowell George died in 1979.

The album spawned the single, "Hanging Out the Washing (In a Small Backyard)", a duet with Andy Fairweather-Low. The CD single features a song recorded at the same sessions but not released on the album, "Heaven Suits You".

The Weather Inside was Watson's final album for EMI before a move to RCA for her third album, Companion Gal.

Little Feat
Little Feat is an American rock band from Los Angeles formed by lead vocalist and guitarist Lowell George, bassist Roy Estrada (both formerly of the Mothers of Invention), keyboardist Bill Payne, and drummer Richie Hayward in 1969. The band's classic line-up, in place by late 1972, consisted of George, Payne, Hayward, bassist Kenny Gradney, guitarist and vocalist Paul Barrere, and percussionist Sam Clayton. George disbanded the group because of creative differences shortly before his death in 1979. Surviving members re-formed Little Feat in 1987 and the band continues to perform.
Karamay–Tacheng railway
The Karamay–Tacheng railway (Chinese: 克塔铁路; pinyin: Kè-Tǎ tiělù) is a branch railway in China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. The 270 km long line starts at Baikouquan Station (百口泉站) on the Kuytun–Beitun railway in Karamay City, and runs to the northwest, passing through the northeastern part of Toli County and Emin County, and terminating in Tacheng City, near the border with Kazakhstan. The line opened on 30 May 2019. According to Chinanews, 3 daily train services will be available, and a train trip to Ürümqi will take 9–10 hours at as little as 90 RMB.

Tacheng
Tacheng (Chinese: 塔城), also known as Qoqek (Uyghur: چۆچەك; Kazakh: شاۋەشەك) and historically as Chuguchak, is a county-level city and the administrative seat of Tacheng Prefecture, in northern Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. The Chinese name "Tacheng" is an abbreviation of "Tarbagatay City" (塔尔巴哈台城), a reference to the Tarbagatay Mountains. Tacheng is located in the Dzungarian Basin, some 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Chinese border with Kazakhstan. For a long time it has been a major center for trade with Central Asia because it is an agricultural hub. Its industries include food processing, textiles, and utilities.
Marie-Louise (film)
Marie-Louise is a 1944 Swiss German- and French-language film directed by Leopold Lindtberg and an uncredited Franz Schnyder. The film, written by Swiss screenwriter Richard Schweizer and distributed in the U.S. by Arthur Mayer and Joseph Burstyn, was the first foreign language film ever to win the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

The film tells the story of a young girl in France in 1942, as the Zone libre disappears in the turmoil of the Second World War. Forced to leave her homeland and seek refuge in Switzerland, she embarks on a perilous journey.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Walter L. Cole
Walter Leonard Cole (15 May 1866 – 26 April 1943) was an Irish merchant and politician in the early twentieth century. Prior to the foundation of the Irish Free State, he was an alderman for a period. An active republican, he was a founding director of the Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company. He also led the Sinn Féin grouping in Dublin Corporation in the early 1900s.

Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company
The Sinn Féin Printing & Publishing Company, Ltd. (1906–1914) was a Dublin-based enterprise founded by Arthur Griffith, chief propagandist of the nationalist Sinn Féin movement. It published, and for several years also printed, the influential weekly newspaper Sinn Féin. It also very briefly printed and published a daily paper. The company was close to bankruptcy in 1914 when it was closed down for sedition by the British authorities under the provisions of the Defence of the Realm Act.
Percent sign
The percent sign % (sometimes per cent sign in British English) is the symbol used to indicate a percentage, a number or ratio as a fraction of 100. Related signs include the permille (per thousand) sign ‰ and the permyriad (per ten thousand) sign ‱. Higher proportions use parts-per notation.

Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe the small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

Since these fractions are quantity-per-quantity measures, they are pure numbers with no associated units of measurement. Commonly used are

parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6

parts-per-billion – ppb, 10−9

parts-per-trillion – ppt, 10−12

parts-per-quadrillion – ppq, 10−15

This notation is not part of the International System of Units (the SI system) and its meaning is ambiguous. In chemistry, ambiguity arises because parts-per notation is able to be used to refer to a mole fraction and a mass fraction, which are unequal depending on the molar mass of the substance.
William Dannemeyer
William Edwin Dannemeyer (September 22, 1929 – July 9, 2019) was a conservative American politician, activist, and author, known for his opposition to LGBT rights. He served seven terms as U.S. Representative from the 39th Congressional District of California from 1979 to 1993.

Dannemeyer was opposed to gay rights, and promoted antisemitic conspiracy theories. After leaving office, Dannemeyer expressed extreme antisemitic views, including a claim that Jews were guilty of a plot to legalize the murder of American Christians, as part of a larger conspiracy to establish a New World Order.

Murder of Laci Peterson
On December 24, 2002, 27‑year‑old Laci Denise Peterson disappeared from her home in Modesto, California, while eight months pregnant with her first child. Her disappearance prompted a large‑scale search and drew national media attention. In April 2003, the remains of Peterson and her unborn son, whom she and her husband had planned to name Conner, were found along the shoreline of San Francisco Bay. Her husband, Scott Lee Peterson, was arrested shortly afterward and charged with two counts of murder. In 2004, he was convicted of the first degree murder of Laci and the second degree murder of Conner. His death sentence was overturned in 2020, and in 2021 he was re‑sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole. In 2024, he was granted a status hearing following a request by the LA Innocence Project, which stated it had new evidence supporting his claim of innocence.
Christmas, His Masque
Christmas, His Masque, also called Christmas His Show, was a Jacobean-era masque, written by Ben Jonson and performed at the English royal court at Christmas of 1616. Jonson's masque displays the traditional folklore and iconography of Christmas at an early-modern and pre-commercial stage of its development.

Ben Jonson
Benjamin Jonson (c. 11 June 1572 – 18 August [O.S. 6 August] 1637) was an English poet, playwright, and dramatist. Jonson's artistry exerted a lasting influence on English poetry and stage comedy. He popularised the comedy of humours; he is best known for the satirical plays Every Man in His Humour (1598), Volpone, or The Fox (c. 1606), The Alchemist (1610), and Bartholomew Fair (1614), and for his lyric and epigrammatic poetry. He is regarded as "the second most important English dramatist, after William Shakespeare, during the reign of James I."

Jonson was a classically educated, well-read and cultured man of the English Renaissance with an appetite for controversy (personal and political, artistic and intellectual). His cultural influence was of unparalleled breadth upon the playwrights and the poets of the Jacobean era (1603–1625) and of the Caroline era (1625–1642).
Richard Van Allan
Richard Van Allan CBE (28 May 1935 – 4 December 2008) was a versatile British operatic bass singer who had a lengthy career.

He sang varied repertoire at Covent Garden and English National Opera, as well as at numerous important houses worldwide. With his distinctive profile and memorable stage presence, he made a powerful impression in many roles, from Wagner, Verdi and Mozart, to Gilbert and Sullivan.  The Times wrote that he embodied "all the virtues that make the complete artist – vocal beauty and technique, musicianship, language, dramatic ability, stylistic authority".

Don Quichotte
Don Quichotte (Don Quixote) is an opera in five acts by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Henri Caïn. It was first performed on 19 February 1910 at the Opéra de Monte-Carlo.

Massenet's comédie héroïque, like many dramatized versions of the story of Don Quixote, relates only indirectly to the novel Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes. The immediate inspiration was Le chevalier de la longue figure, a play by the poet Jacques Le Lorrain first performed in Paris in 1904. In this version of the story, the simple farm girl Aldonza (Dulcinea) of the original novel becomes the more sophisticated Dulcinée, a flirtatious local beauty inspiring the infatuated old man's exploits.
Emma E. Bower
Emma E. Bower (1852 – October 11, 1937) was an American physician, and a newspaper owner, publisher, and editor. She was also an active clubwoman. Bower practiced medicine in Detroit, Michigan before returning to Ann Arbor, Michigan where, from 1896 to 1904, she owned, published, and edited a county paper, the Ann Arbor Democrat. For nine years, she was a member of the Ann Arbor board of education, during such time holding the office of president and treasurer. She served as treasurer of the Michigan Woman's Press Association, secretary-treasurer of the Michigan State Fraternal Congress, and held the office of president of the National Fraternal Press Association. She was the Great Record Keeper of the Ladies of the Maccabees (LOTM).

Michigan Woman's Press Association
Michigan Woman's Press Association (MWPA) was an American professional association for women writers and journalists in Michigan. Founded in 1890, it was active until shortly before World War I, though there was an unsuccessful attempt to revive activity in the late 1930s.