hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1914 Jubilee Exhibition
The 1914 Jubilee Exhibition took place in Kristiania, Norway, from May 5 to October 11, 1914. It marked the centennial anniversary of the 1814 constitution and focused on industry and agriculture. The main location was the grounds of Frogner Manor (the site of the current Frogner Park), in addition to a subsection on shipping at Skarpsno at Frognerkilen. The exhibition opened on 15 May, and was closed on 11 October 1914. The total number of visitors was more than 1.5 million. On 11 October, the final day, more than 100,000 visitors visited the exhibition.

Skarpsno
Skarpsno is a neighborhood in Frogner borough in Oslo, Norway. The area is located near Frognerkilen. Skarpsno was a former ferry landing site with traffic to Bygdøy, and a storage yard for timber. It is served by the tram station Skarpsno (station). The former railway station Skarpsno closed in 1973. The maritime section of the 1914 Jubilee Exhibition was located at Skarpsno.
Montpellier Handball
Montpellier Handball, formerly named Montpellier Agglomération Handball, is a professional handball club from Montpellier, France. Montpellier is the only French club to ever have won the EHF Champions League.

Nikola Karabatić
Nikola Karabatić (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional handball player who was named IHF World Player of the Year a male record-tying three times, in 2007, 2014, and 2016. He is regarded as one of the greatest players in handball history.

With the French national handball team, he won three Olympic gold medals (Summer Olympics of 2008, 2012 and 2020), four World Championship gold medals (2009, 2011, 2015, and 2017) as well as four gold medals in the European Championship (2006, 2010, 2014, and 2024). He also won L'Équipe Champion of Champions in 2011.

He was inducted into the EHF Hall of Fame in 2024.
Lemon Tree Passage, New South Wales
Lemon Tree Passage is a suburb of the Port Stephens Local Government Area in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, located at the end of the Tilligerry Peninsula and surrounded by the waters of Port Stephens. At the 2021 census it had a population of 2,686. It is a haven for koalas due to it being densely wooded. The town has a small marina and the local industry is oyster farming.

The suburb is separated from nearby Bulls Island by a small strait which is also known as Lemon Tree Passage.

Lemon Tree Passage has been the focus of an urban legend that states that if a motorist speeds down Lemon Tree Passage Road, they will experience supernatural phenomena. This urban legend provided the focus for the 2013 horror/thriller film Lemon Tree Passage.

The Bureau of Meteorology maintains a monitoring station which includes a radar in the high forested area.

Lemon Tree Passage (film)
Lemon Tree Passage is a 2014 Australian supernatural horror/thriller film that was directed by David James Campbell and is his feature film directorial debut. The film received an Australian release and stars Andrew Ryan, Tim Phillipps, Pippa Black, Jessica Tovey, and Tim Pocock as a group of backpackers that find themselves in the midst of strange occurrences. The movie's premise is based upon an urban legend that claims that if a motorist speeds along Lemon Tree Passage Road in Lemon Tree Passage, New South Wales, they will see a ghost.
Grakhovsky District
Grakhovsky District (Russian: Гра́ховский райо́н; Udmurt: Грах ёрос, Grah joros) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic. The area of the district is 967.7 square kilometers (373.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Grakhovo. Population: 9,354 (2010 Census); 10,879 (2002 Census); 11,699 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Grakhovo accounts for 34.7% of the district's total population.

Grakhovo
Grakhovo (Russian: Гра́хово; Udmurt: Грах, Grah) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Grakhovsky District in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. Population:  3,245 (2010 Census); 3,438 (2002 Census); 3,350 (1989 Soviet census).
Olhynka settlement hromada
Olhynka settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Ольгинська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Olhynka.

It has an area of 341.8 square kilometres (132.0 sq mi) and a population of 19,174, as of 2020.

The hromada includes 11 settlements: 5 towns (Blahodatne, Hrafske, Novotroitske, Olhynka, Volodymyrivka) and 6 villages:

Volnovakha Raion
Volnovakha Raion (Ukrainian: Волноваський район, romanized: Volnovas'kyj rajon) is one of the eight raions (administrative districts) of Donetsk Oblast, in southeastern Ukraine. Its administrative center is in the city of Volnovakha. The raion's population is 139,014 (2022 estimate).
2020 Tata Open Maharashtra – Doubles
Rohan Bopanna and Divij Sharan were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Bopanna played alongside Arjun Kadhe but lost in the first round to Antoine Hoang and Benoît Paire. Sharan teamed up with Artem Sitak but lost in the first round to Matthew Ebden and Leander Paes.

André Göransson and Christopher Rungkat won the title, defeating Jonathan Erlich and Andrei Vasilevski in the final, 6–2, 3–6, [10–8].

Christopher Rungkat
Christopher Benjamin Rungkat (born 14 January 1990) is an Indonesian tennis player. In 2008, he won  the French Open 2008 Boys' Doubles Juniors title with Finnish player Henri Kontinen. He is the youngest ever Indonesian to be the All Indonesian Champion, and by the end of his junior career, he was awarded for Indonesian best promising athlete 2008.

Rungkat also reached the final of the 2008 US Open boys' event with Henri Kontinen. Rungkat is the first Indonesian to reach the US Open boys' final and to win the doubles title at the French Open.

In June 2010, he won the Tarakan Open International Men's Futures tournament, his first international tournament title since his professional debut in 2007. He won his maiden ATP Tour title in men's doubles, partnered with Swedish player André Göransson in February 2020, 13 years after turning professional.
Battle of Shklow
The Battle of Szkłów or battle of Shkloŭ or battle of Shklov on August 12, 1654 was one of the first battles of the Russo-Polish War (1654–67); it ended with a indecisive, however,  by other sources. A small Polish–Lithuanian force of about 6,000–7,000 under Great Lithuanian Hetman Janusz Radziwiłł surprised a numerically superior Russian force (of 40,000; some estimates speak of 70,000, but they are likely too high) under knyaz Yakov Cherkassky near Shklow (Polish: Szkłów). The battle took place during a solar eclipse. The Russian forces, due to their surprise, were engaged by the Poles unprepared and in smaller portions, which were defeated in turn. Eventually the Poles forced the entire Russian army to retreat; the losses are estimated at 700 for the Poles and 7,000 for the Russians (although they may be overestimated for both sides).

Solar eclipse of August 12, 1654
A total solar eclipse occurred on August 12, 1654. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.
Anthony Beavers
Anthony Beavers (born 8 May 1963) is an American philosopher. As of 2012 he holds the positions of professor of philosophy, director of cognitive science, and director of The Digital Humanities Laboratory at the University of Evansville. Beavers received his MA and BA from Trinity College, Hartford and his PhD from Marquette University. He was the fourth president of the International Association for Computing and Philosophy (IACAP).

Throughout his career, Beavers has been interested in search-engine design. In 1996, he and Hiten Sonpal built the first peer-reviewed search engine, called Argos. Beavers is the creator and editor of the online journal Noesis.

International Association for Computing and Philosophy
The International Association for Computing and Philosophy (IACAP) is a professional, philosophical association emerging from a history of conferences on computing and philosophy that began in 1986 (the CAP conferences). After the American A-CAP and the European E-CAP, the IACAP was  founded in 2004. It adopts its mission from these conferences in order to promote scholarly dialogue on all aspects of the computational turn and the use of computers in the service of philosophy.

The role of the IACAP is to help facilitate a global communications network for those interested in computing and philosophy as defined by these themes. To this end, it sponsors a series of international conferences and this developing website.

The founding members of IACAP include Ron Barnette, Selmer Bringsjord, Terry Bynum, Robert Cavalier, Preston Covey, Marvin Croy, Charles Ess, James H. Moor, Nelson Pole, and Saul Traiger.
Jaakko Pakkasvirta
Jaakko Juhani Pakkasvirta (28 November 1934 – 23 March 2018) was a Finnish film director and  screenwriter. He directed more than 30 films between 1958 and 2000. His 1975 film Home for Christmas was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1978 film Poet and Muse was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.

Poet and Muse
Poet and Muse (Finnish: Runoilija ja muusa) is a 1978 Finnish drama film directed by Jaakko Pakkasvirta. The film is about the Finnish poet Eino Leino and the women of his life: a conflict-filled marriage with Freya Schultz and a love affair with the poet L. Onerva. It was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.
West Virginia Route 5
West Virginia Route 5 is an east–west state highway located in northwest West Virginia. The western terminus is at West Virginia Route 14 in Elizabeth, Wirt County. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 19 and West Virginia Route 4 in Heaters, Braxton County four miles (6 km) north of Interstate 79 exit 67. Almost all of WV 5 parallels the Little Kanawha River.

Originally, the eastern terminus began 4.4 miles (7.1 km) further north along US 19/WV 4 at Napier, but this part of the route became one of West Virginia's unused highways when it was closed in the mid-1970s to make way for Burnsville Lake.

Wirt County, West Virginia
Wirt County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,194, making it the least populous county in West Virginia. Its county seat is Elizabeth. The county was created in 1848 by the Virginia General Assembly and named for U.S. Attorney General  and presidential candidate William Wirt. The county is served by one high school, Wirt County High School.

Wirt County is part of the Parkersburg-Vienna, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Barrier Gardens Pier
Barrier Gardens Pier is a pier on the River Thames near the Thames Barrier. It is owned and managed by the Port of London Authority (PLA) which took over the pier and adjoining Unity House from the Environment Agency and Sargent Brothers in 2009.

The PLA use the pier as a base for their Driftwood craft and upper river harbour patrol vessels. The pier is also used by external companies to moor at and embark/disembark passengers to the Thames Barrier Visitor Centre.

Thames Barrier
The Thames Barrier is a retractable barrier system built to protect the floodplain of most of Greater London from exceptionally high tides and storm surges moving up from the North Sea. It has been operational since 1982. When needed, it is closed (raised) during high tide; at low tide, it can be opened to restore the river's flow towards the sea. Built about 2 miles (3.2 kilometres) east of the Isle of Dogs, its northern bank is in Silvertown in the London Borough of Newham and its southern bank is in the New Charlton area of the Royal Borough of Greenwich.
Kamayurá
The Kamayurá are an indigenous tribe in the Amazonian Basin of Brazil.  Their name is also spelled Kamayura and Kamaiurá; it means "a raised platform to keep meat, pots and pans." The Kamayurá language belongs to the Tupi–Guarani family.

The Kamayurá live in the Upper Xingu region along with Kiabi, Yudja and Suya tribes. The ways of life of these four tribes are quite similar despite having different languages. Their villages are situated around Lake Ipavu, which is six kilometres from the Kuluene River. Much like other small indigenous cultures around the globe, the Kamayurá are struggling to adapt to the effects of deforestation and climate change.

Kamayurá language
The Kamayurá language (Kamaiurá in Portuguese) is an Indigenous language of Brazil that is a member of the Tupi–Guarani family, and is spoken by the Kamayurá people of Brazil, who numbered about 600 individuals in 2014. There is speculation that as the indigenous peoples who spoke the Tupi languages mingled with other indigenous peoples, their languages gradually changed accordingly. This speculation is consistent with research done by linguists who study languages in different regions in order to find similarities and differences between languages. The Kamayurá people live in the Mato Grosso region of Brazil, specifically in the Upper Xingu area.
The Fat of the Land
The Fat of the Land is the third studio album by English electronic music group the Prodigy, released on 30 June 1997 through XL Recordings. The album received critical acclaim and topped the UK Albums Chart and the US Billboard 200. As of 2019 it has sold over 10 million copies worldwide, and is their best-selling album.

XL Recordings
XL Recordings is a British independent record label founded in 1989 by Tim Palmer and Nick Halkes. It has been run and co-owned by Richard Russell since 1996. It forms part of the Beggars Group.

It releases an average of six albums a year. The label releases albums worldwide and operates across a range of genres.
The Sunday Comics
The Sunday Comics is a prime time showcase of comedy broadcast in the United States by Fox Broadcasting Company in 1991 and 1992.

The Sunday Comics showcased not only standup comedy but also variety acts, and film shorts produced by comics including Bruce Baum, Gilbert Gottfried, Rich Hall, and Rick Overton.  The program's primary venue was the Palace Theatre in Hollywood, but the show also made visits to other locations.

The program was originally hosted by Jeff Altman, but he left the show in June 1991 and was replaced by Lenny Clarke.  Clark's tenure as host ended in October, and for the rest of the year (until the show's December cancellation), guest hosts were used.

Edited reruns of the show were shown on Fox in February and March 1992.

Bruce Baum
Bruce Baum (born March 18, 1952) is an American comedian. His live act consists of prop comedy as well as more traditional stand-up material. One of his best-known stand-up routines is his diaper-wearing Baby Man character. Baum is recognized for his large mustache, long hair, and remarkable resemblance to musician David Crosby.
Martin Tielli
Martin Tielli is a Canadian singer-songwriter. He is a member of the Rheostatics, and has also released material as a solo artist and with the side project Nick Buzz. As well, he has appeared as a guest musician on albums by Barenaked Ladies, Kevin Hearn, The Waltons, Jane Siberry, Ashley MacIsaac, Meryn Cadell and Mia Sheard. He is also a painter, and created most of the album covers for the Rheostatics.

Tielli's siblings include brothers Doug Tielli and John Tielli and sister Sara Tielli. The brothers were members of the band People From Earth. Martin co-produced People From Earth's 1997 album, Luvskull, with the band and Don Kerr.

Back to the Garden
Back to the Garden is a tribute album to Joni Mitchell, released in 1992. It was released on Intrepid Records, after the Canadian chart success of their 1991 Bruce Cockburn tribute, Kick at the Darkness.

The album's first single was Sloan's rendition of "A Case of You", from Mitchell's 1971 album Blue. It was followed up by Squiddly's rap-infused rendition of "Blonde in the Bleachers".
General somatic afferent fiber
The general somatic afferent fibers (GSA or somatic sensory fibers) are afferent fibers that arise from neurons in sensory ganglia and are found in all the spinal nerves, except occasionally the first cervical. General somatic afferents conduct impulses of pain, touch and temperature from the surface of the body through the dorsal roots to the spinal cord, and impulses of muscle sense, tendon sense and joint sense from the deeper structures.

Afferent nerve fiber
Afferent nerve fibers are axons (nerve fibers) of sensory neurons that carry sensory information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. Many afferent projections arrive at a particular brain region.

In the peripheral nervous system, afferent nerve fibers are part of the sensory nervous system and arise from outside of the central nervous system. Sensory and mixed nerves contain afferent fibers.
John Trudeau
Simeon John Trudeau Jr. (February 26, 1927 – November 3, 2008) was an American musician who expanded the music department at Portland State University and helped co-found the outdoor Britt Festival of performing arts in Jacksonville, Oregon, the first of its kind in the Pacific Northwest.

Jacksonville, Oregon
Jacksonville is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States, approximately 5 miles (8 km) west of Medford. It was named for Jackson Creek, which flows through the community and was the site of one of the first placer gold claims in the area. It includes Jacksonville Historic District, which was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1966. As of the 2020 census, Jacksonville had a population of 3,020.
Metamathematics
Metamathematics is the study of mathematics itself using mathematical methods. This study produces metatheories, which are mathematical theories about other mathematical theories. Emphasis on metamathematics (and perhaps the creation of the term itself) owes itself to David Hilbert's attempt to secure the foundations of mathematics in the early part of the 20th century. Metamathematics provides "a rigorous mathematical technique for investigating a great variety of foundation problems for mathematics and logic" (Kleene 1952, p. 59). An important feature of metamathematics is its emphasis on differentiating between reasoning from inside a system and from outside a system. An informal illustration of this is categorizing the proposition "2+2=4" as belonging to mathematics while categorizing the proposition "'2+2=4' is valid" as belonging to metamathematics.

Philosophy of mathematics
Philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of mathematics and its relationship to other areas of philosophy, particularly epistemology and metaphysics. Central questions posed include whether or not mathematical objects are purely abstract entities or are in some way concrete, and in what the relationship such objects have with physical reality consists.

Major themes that are dealt with in philosophy of mathematics include:

Reality: The question is whether mathematics is a pure product of human mind or whether it has some reality by itself.

Logic and rigor

Relationship with physical reality

Relationship with science

Relationship with applications

Mathematical truth

Nature as human activity (science, art, game, or all together)
Czarna Hańcza, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Czarna Hańcza ([ˈt͡ʂarna ˈxaɲt͡ʂa], Lithuanian: Juodoji Ančia) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Giby, within Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the borders with Belarus and Lithuania.

Gmina Giby
Gmina Giby is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus and Lithuania. Its seat is the village of Giby, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Sejny and 103 km (64 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 323.57 square kilometres (124.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,970.
Krzewie, Łódź Voivodeship
Krzewie [ˈkʂɛvjɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krośniewice, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) south of Krośniewice, 13 km (8 mi) west of Kutno, and 55 km (34 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Krośniewice
Gmina Krośniewice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krośniewice, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Kutno and 56 km (35 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 94.65 square kilometres (36.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 9,037 (out of which the population of Krośniewice amounts to 4,647, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 4,390).
Fred Baxter
Frederick Denard Baxter (born June 14, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the Auburn Tigers and was selected by the New York Jets in the fifth round of the 1993 NFL draft. Baxter played in the NFL for the Jets, Chicago Bears and New England Patriots. He was born in Brundidge, Alabama.

Brundidge, Alabama
Brundidge is the second-largest city in Pike County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2020 census, Brundidge had a population of 2,073.

The city was once a major producer of peanut butter.  Brundidge holds a Peanut Butter Festival during the last Saturday of each October, which includes live music, a recipe contest, and a parade.

The city has a large number of antique stores in its historic downtown.
Monroe Public Schools (Michigan)
Monroe Public Schools is a public school district in Monroe County, Michigan. It serves Monroe and parts of Maybee, Exeter Township, Frenchtown Township, LaSalle Township, Monroe Township, and Raisinville Township.

Monroe County, Michigan
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 154,809. The largest city and county seat is Monroe. The county was established as the second county (after Wayne County) in the Michigan Territory in 1817 and was named for then-President James Monroe. Monroe County is coterminous with the Monroe metropolitan statistical area.
Bristol Boat Race
The Bristol Boat Race (also called The Varsity Boat Race) is an annual event between the University of the West of England Boat Club and the University of Bristol Boat Club, held on the historic Bristol Harbour, Bristol, England. It is usually held in the summer term after the Easter break, often the week before, or the week after British Universities and Colleges Regatta, although in the first years of the event was often held in February.

University of the West of England Boat Club
University of the West of England Boat Club is a rowing club on the Gloucester and Sharpness Canal, based at Wycliffe College boathouse, Junction Bridge, Saul, Gloucestershire, England. The club runs four squads and belongs to the University of the West of England, Bristol. The club uses the boathouse owned by the Wycliffe College Boat Club.