hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark M. Smith
Mark M. Smith is an American historian and the Carolina Distinguished Professor of History at the University of South Carolina.  Smith holds a B.A. University of Southampton (1988) & M.A. University of South Carolina (1991) and a Ph.D. University of South Carolina (1995). Smith is a scholar of sensory history, which he described to an interviewer as stressing “the role of the senses—including sight and vision—in shaping people's experiences in the past and shows how they understood their worlds and why.”

Sensory history
Sensory history is an area of academic study which examines the role conceptions of our senses have played in the past. It developed partly as a reaction to the lack of serious attention given to sensory experience in traditional history books, which often treat sensory experience as a writing technique rather than a serious avenue of enquiry. Works of sensory history try to convey a deeper understanding of the past through an emphasis on physical experiences.

One of the most significant proponents of sensory history is the American historian Mark M. Smith. Anthropological approaches to sensory studies have had a notable influence on sensory history and there has been significant discussion and overlap between the two disciplines. The transient nature of sensory experience makes sensory history a difficult topic to study and write about. This challenge is reflected in debate within the field, such as what methods of presentation are appropriate for works of sensory history.
Bottineau County, North Dakota
Bottineau County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,379. and was estimated to be 6,391 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Bottineau. Bottineau County has several lakes, predominantly in the north and east of the county. Bottineau County is home to Lake Metagoshe & Lake Metagoshe State Park, which is located in the north section of the county.

The Territorial legislature identified Bottineau as being one of the original counties of the territory on January 4, 1873. It was created on July 17, 1884. It is named for Pierre Bottineau (c.1814-1895), a Métis pioneer, hunter, and trapper who became a successful land speculator.

Bottineau is well known for its winter park, snowmobiling, and ice fishing. Manitoba and Saskatchewan are on its northern border.

Pierre Bottineau
Pierre Bottineau was a Métis guide, interpreter, and landowner who played a central role in the settlement of parts of Minnesota and North Dakota during the nineteenth century. He helped link Native nations, fur trade companies, and United States officials through his work on expeditions and treaties.
Nežárka
The Nežárka (Czech pronunciation: [ˈnɛʒaːrka] ⓘ; German: Naser) is a river in the Czech Republic, a right tributary of the Lužnice River. It flows through the South Bohemian Region. It is formed by the confluence of the Kamenice and Žirovnice rivers in Jarošov nad Nežárkou. Together with the Kamenice, which is its main source, the Nežárka is 85.6 km (53.2 mi) long. Without the Kamenice, it is 56.0 km (34.8 mi) long.

Jindřichův Hradec
Jindřichův Hradec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪndr̝ɪxuːf ˈɦradɛts] ⓘ; German: Neuhaus) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 21,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Waterloo Mills Historic District
The Waterloo Mills Historic District, also known as Cabbage Town, is a national historic district that is located in Easttown Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Easttown Township, Pennsylvania
Easttown Township is a township in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 10,984 at the 2020 census. The township, which lies in the western half of Philadelphia's Main Line suburbs, comprises predominantly parts of two unincorporated areas: Devon and Berwyn. A small portion of the township has a Paoli address.
Sampursky District
Sampursky District (Russian: Са́мпурский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The district borders with Rasskazovsky District in the north, Rzhaksinsky District in the east, Zherdevsky District in the south, and with Znamensky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,008 square kilometers (389 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Satinka. Population: 14,204 (2010 Census);  16,487 (2002 Census); 18,721 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Satinka accounts for 25.1% of the district's total population.

Satinka, Tambov Oblast
Satinka (Russian: Сатинка) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Satinskiy Selsoviet, Sampursky District, Tambov Oblast, Russia. Population:  3,567 (2010 Census); 3,708 (2002 Census); 3,669 (1989 Soviet census).
2017 Daytona 500
The 2017 Daytona 500, the 59th running of the event, was held on February 26, 2017, and was won by Kurt Busch of Stewart–Haas Racing after Chase Elliott and Kyle Larson ran out of fuel over the final laps of the race. This was Busch's first Daytona 500 win, and his first career win on a restrictor plate track. Ryan Blaney finished second, and A. J. Allmendinger finished third. This race was contested for 200 laps on the 2.5-mile (4.0 km) asphalt superspeedway. It was the first race of the 2017 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series season, and also marked the first race for Monster Energy as the new title sponsor for NASCAR's top series, replacing Sprint.

Corey LaJoie
Corey Daniel LaJoie (born September 25, 1991) is an American professional stock car racing driver and analyst for NASCAR on Prime Video. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 99 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for RFK Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving the No. 75 Chevrolet Silverado RST for Henderson Motorsports and the No. 25 Ram 1500 for Kaulig Racing. LaJoie is the son of two-time Busch Series champion Randy LaJoie. He was formerly a development driver for Richard Petty Motorsports and JGL Racing.
Harvey, Arkansas
Harvey is an unincorporated community in Scott County, Arkansas, United States. Harvey is located on Arkansas Highway 28, 18 miles (29 km) east of Waldron. Harvey has a post office with ZIP code 72841.

Scott County, Arkansas
Scott County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,836. The county seat is Waldron. Scott County is Arkansas' 28th county, formed on November 5, 1833, and named for Andrew Scott, a justice of the Supreme Court of the Arkansas Territory. It is an alcohol-prohibited or dry county.
El Cenepa District
El Cenepa is a district of the province of Condorcanqui in Peru. The district of El Cenepa, created on September 1, 1941 by Law Nº 9364, belongs to the province of Condorcanqui, department of Amazonas. It has an area of 5,558 km2, which represents 24% of the territory of Alto Marañón. El Cenepa has 8,363 inhabitants, and a population density of 1.5 inhabitants/km2.

Localities within the district include:

Shamatak

4°04′59″S 78°18′00″W﻿ / ﻿4.08306°S 78.30000°W﻿ / -4.08306; -78.30000

Department of Amazonas (Peru)
Amazonas (Spanish pronunciation: [amaˈsonas])  is a department of Peru. Located in the country's north, it is bordered by Ecuador on the north and west, Cajamarca on the west, La Libertad on the south, and Loreto and San Martín on the east. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Chachapoyas.

With a landscape of steep river gorges and mountains, Amazonas is the location of Kuelap, a huge stone fortress enclosing more than 400 stone structures; it was built on a mountain about 3,000 meters high, starting about 500 AD and was occupied to the mid-16th century. It is one of Peru's major archeological sites.
Born Lakes
The Born Lakes are a chain of eleven alpine and glacial Paternoster lakes in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lakes are located on the upper portion of the Warm Springs Creek watershed, a tributary of the Salmon River.  The Born Lakes surrounded by Patterson, Blackmon, and Lonesome Lake Peaks.  Sawtooth National Forest trail 671 leads to the lakes.  The individual lakes do have official names, and many of them have partially or nearly completely filled in with sediment.

Blackmon Peak
Blackmon Peak, also known as Blackman Peak, at 10,302 feet (3,140 m) above sea level is a peak in the White Cloud Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County 2.11 mi (3.40 km) from Castle Peak, its line parent.  It is named for George Blackmon (b.1854), freed slave and mining pioneer.
68 Million Shades...
68 Million Shades... is the second album by the English musical duo Spring Heel Jack, released in 1996. It was released in the United States in February 1997. The duo supported the album with a North American tour that included shows opening for Orbital. "Midwest" was released as a single.

Spring Heel Jack
Spring Heel Jack is an English electronic music duo, consisting of John Coxon and Ashley Wales.

Formed in 1993 in London, England, Spring Heel Jack began their career exploring drum and bass and jungle, but have since branched out into free improvisation and jazz, collaborating with many musicians from Europe and the United States.
Lydia Night
Lydia Victoria Night (born October 13, 2000) is an American musician primarily known for her work as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of California rock band the Regrettes. She was also the lead vocalist and guitarist of pop rock bands Pretty Little Demons and LILA as well as a frequent collaborator with rock duo Dead Man's Bones. In 2018, Robben Barquist of Collide Culture referred to Night as the new face of feminist punk.

How Do You Love? (album)
How Do You Love? is the second studio album by the American punk rock band The Regrettes, released on August 9, 2019, by Warner Records, as the follow-up to their previous album Feel Your Feelings Fool!. The album was produced by Mike Elizondo.
Devaynes v Noble
Devaynes v Noble (1816) 35 ER 781, best known for the claim contained in Clayton's case, created a rule, or more precisely common law presumption, in relation to the distribution of money from a bank account. The rule is based upon the deceptively simple notion of first-in, first-out to determine the effect of payments from an account, and normally applies in English Law in the absence of evidence of any other intention. Payments are presumed to be appropriated to debts in the order in which the debts are incurred.

William Devaynes
William Devaynes (12 October 1730 – 29 November 1809) was an Africa trader, London banker, Government contractor, director of the East India Company, the Africa Company, the Globe Insurance Company, and the French Hospital and also five times Chairman of the East India Company.  He was also for more than 26 years an undistinguished Member of Parliament in turn for Barnstaple and Winchelsea.
Hits Radio West Yorkshire
Hits Radio West Yorkshire, formerly Pulse 1, is an Independent Local Radio station based in Leeds, England, owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to West Yorkshire.

As of September 2024, the station has a weekly audience of 170,000 listeners according to RAJAR.

Classic Gold
Classic Gold was a network of three "Gold" music formatted stations which broadcast on AM in Bradford, Hull and Sheffield. They were the sister stations of Pennine Radio, Viking Radio and Radio Hallam respectively and they were part of the Yorkshire Radio Network.
David Keynes Hill
David Keynes Hill FRS (23 July 1915 – 18 August 2002) was a British biophysicist.

Hill was the son of Nobel Prize–winning physiologist Archibald Vivian Hill and his wife Margaret Hill, the daughter of John Neville Keynes and sister of John Maynard Keynes.  His sister was economist Polly Hill and his brother the oceanographer Maurice Hill. He was educated at Highgate School and Trinity College, Cambridge.

He married Stella Mary Humphrey in 1949, and they had four daughters.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1972.

Highgate School
Highgate School, formally Sir Roger Cholmeley's School at Highgate, is a co-educational, fee-charging, private day school, founded in 1565 in Highgate, London, England. It educates over 1,400 pupils in three sections – Highgate Pre-Preparatory School (ages 4–8), Highgate junior school (ages 8–11) and the senior school (11+) – which together comprise the Highgate Foundation. As part of its wider work the charity was from 2010 a founding partner of the London Academy of Excellence and it is now also the principal education sponsor of an associated Academy, the London Academy of Excellence Tottenham, which opened in September 2017. The principal business sponsor is Tottenham Hotspur FC. The charity also funds the Chrysalis Partnership, a scheme supporting 26 state schools in six London boroughs.
Anglo-Russian Hospital
The Anglo-Russian Hospital was a hospital in Petrograd set up during the First World War. It was called 'The (British) Empire's Gift to Our Russian Allies' and was founded in 1915 and was closed in 1918.

Lady Muriel Paget and Lady Sybil Grey helped raise the funds to keep the hospital, located in what is now the Beloselsky-Belozersky Palace, running and set up several field hospitals along the Eastern Front. Pioneering neurosurgeon Geoffrey Jefferson served here for about 18 months between 1916 and 1918.
The hospital was visited by Tsarina Alexandra and her daughters, and Prince Felix Yusupov is reported to have had to have a fish bone removed from his throat here a few hours after the murder on Rasputin. The hospital closed not long after the October Revolution and the staff were evacuated to England.

Felix Yusupov
Knyaz Felix Felixovich Yusupov, Count Sumarokov-Elston (Russian: Князь Фе́ликс Фе́ликсович Юсу́пов, Граф Сумаро́ков-Эльстон; 23 March [O.S. 11 March] 1887 – 27 September 1967) was a Russian aristocrat from the House of Yusupov who is best known for participating in the assassination of Grigori Rasputin and for marrying Princess Irina Alexandrovna, a niece of Emperor Nicholas II.
A27 motorway (Netherlands)
The A27 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. It is approximately 109 kilometers in length.

The A27 is located in the Dutch provinces North Brabant, South Holland, Utrecht, North Holland, and Flevoland. It connects the city of Breda with Almere. On its way, it passes the cities of Gorinchem, Utrecht and Hilversum.

Gorinchem
Gorinchem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣɔrkʏm] ⓘ or [ˈɣɔrkəm]), also spelled Gorkum, is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 21.93 km2 (8.47 sq mi) of which 3.10 km2 (1.20 sq mi) is water. It had a population of 37,410 in 2021.

The municipality of Gorinchem also includes the population centre of Dalem.
Transatlantic Sessions
Transatlantic Sessions is the collective title for a series of musical productions by Glasgow-based Pelicula Films Ltd, funded by- and produced for BBC Scotland, BBC Four and RTÉ of Ireland. The productions comprise collaborative live performances by various leading folk, bluegrass and country musicians from both sides of the North Atlantic, playing music from Scotland, Ireland, England and North America, who congregate under the musical direction of Aly Bain and Jerry Douglas to record and film a set of half-hour TV episodes. The Television director is Mike Alexander and the producer is Douglas Eadie.

Following the end of the TV series there has been an annual touring version, with similar format, starting at the Celtic Connections festival in Glasgow, then visiting venues in Scotland and England.
These received critical acclaim in the press.
. Retrieved 23 February 2026 .

The six series have been released in both CD and DVD format by Whirlie Records.

Michael McGoldrick
Michael McGoldrick (born 26 November 1971, in Manchester, England) is a folk musician who plays Irish flute, uilleann pipes, low whistle and bodhran. He also plays other instruments such as acoustic guitar, cittern, and mandolin.
CoolaData
CoolaData is a big data behavioral analytics platform for online web and mobile applications. It was acquired by Medallia in 2019.

Cooladata was founded with the vision of developing an advanced BI and analytics platform that would be able to store unlimited amounts of data events in the cloud, while providing advanced user behavioral analytics, or in other words, providing the analytical capabilities and agility of an enterprise, at a fraction of the cost.

Medallia
Medallia is an American customer and employee experience management company based in San Francisco, California.

Medallia provides software-as-a-service (SaaS) customer experience management (CEM) and employee experience management (employee engagement) software to hospitality, retail, financial services, high-tech, and business-to-business (B2B) companies internationally.
Just a Ride
"Just a Ride" is the second single released by Jem from her debut album Finally Woken. The song was featured on Music from the OC: Mix 1, along with "Maybe I'm Amazed" (a cover of the Paul McCartney song).

"Just a Ride" is also featured on the soundtracks of Monster-in-Law (2005) and The Prince and Me (2004).

The Prince & Me
The Prince & Me is a 2004 American romantic comedy film directed by Martha Coolidge, and starring Julia Stiles, Luke Mably and Ben Miller, with Miranda Richardson, James Fox and Alberta Watson. The film focuses on Paige Morgan, a pre-med college student in Wisconsin, who is pursued by a Danish prince posing as an ordinary college student. The film had 3 direct-to-video sequels created under different writers and a new director, with Kam Heskin replacing Julia Stiles in the role of Paige Morgan: The Prince & Me 2: The Royal Wedding (2006), The Prince & Me: A Royal Honeymoon (2008), and The Prince & Me: The Elephant Adventure (2010).
Tetrahydrogestrinone
Tetrahydrogestrinone (THG), known by the nickname The Clear, is a synthetic and orally active anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) which was never marketed for medical use. It was developed by Patrick Arnold and was used by a number of high-profile athletes such as Barry Bonds and Dwain Chambers.

Trevor Graham
Trevor Graham (born 20 August 1963) is a Jamaican-born American former sprinter and athletics coach. Following the BALCO scandal, the US Olympic Committee barred him indefinitely from all its training sites.
Vocal-Auditory Channel
Vocal-auditory channel is the first of 13 design features proposed by Charles F. Hockett in characterizing human language and distinguishing it from animal communication. It describes the way vocal signals can be used to produce language. The speaker uses a vocal tract (containing most of the speech organs) to produce speech sounds, and the hearer employs an auditory apparatus (the sense of hearing) to receive and process the speech sounds. This is why human language is said to be based on speech sounds produced by the articulatory system and received through the auditory system. The vocal channel is a particularly excellent means through which speech sounds can be accompanied or substituted by gestures, facial expressions, body movement, and way of dressing. However, Hockett considers this design feature one which is fundamentally advantageous for primates as "it leaves much of the body free for other activities that can be carried on at the same time."

Charles F. Hockett
Charles Francis Hockett (January 17, 1916 – November 3, 2000) was an American linguist who developed many influential ideas in American structuralist linguistics. He represents the post-Bloomfieldian phase of structuralism often referred to as "distributionalism" or "taxonomic structuralism". His academic career spanned over half a century at Cornell and Rice universities. Hockett was also a firm believer of linguistics as a branch of anthropology, making contributions that were significant to the field of anthropology as well.
U.S. Steel Tower
The U.S. Steel Tower, also known as the Steel Building, or USX Tower (1988–2001), is a 64-story skyscraper at 600 Grant Street in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The interior has 2,300,000 sq ft (210,000 m2) of leasable space. At 256.3 m (841 ft) tall, it is the tallest building in Pittsburgh. It held its opening dedication on September 30, 1971.

The tower's original name when completed was the U.S. Steel Tower and was changed to USX Tower in 1988. The name was changed back to the U.S. Steel Tower in January 2002 to reflect U.S. Steel's new corporate identity (USX was the 1990s combined oil/energy/steel conglomerate). Although no longer the owner of the building, U.S. Steel remains one of the largest tenants.

Downtown Pittsburgh
Downtown Pittsburgh, colloquially referred to as the Golden Triangle, and officially the Central Business District, is the urban downtown center of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located at the confluence of the Allegheny River and the Monongahela River whose joining forms the Ohio River. The triangle is bounded by the two rivers.

The area features offices for major corporations such as PNC Bank, U.S. Steel, PPG, Bank of New York Mellon, Heinz, Federated Investors, and Alcoa. It is where the fortunes of such industrial barons as Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, Henry J. Heinz, Andrew Mellon and George Westinghouse were made. It contains the site where the French fort, Fort Duquesne, once stood.
Perfect game (bowling)
A perfect game is the highest score possible in a game of bowling, achieved by scoring a strike with every throw. In bowling games that use 10 pins, such as ten-pin bowling, candlepin bowling, and duckpin bowling, the highest possible score is 300, achieved by bowling 12 strikes in a row in a traditional single game: one strike in each of the first nine frames, and three more in the tenth frame.

In five-pin bowling, the highest possible score is 450, as a strike is worth 15 pins. It is rare to bowl or witness one. The Canadian Five Pin Bowlers Association approves from 10 to 40 perfect games per year.

United States Bowling Congress
The United States Bowling Congress (USBC) is a sports membership organization dedicated to ten-pin bowling in the United States.  It was formed in 2005 by a merger of the American Bowling Congress—the original codifier of all tenpin bowling standards, rules, and regulations from 1895 onwards; the Women's International Bowling Congress—founded in 1916, as the female bowlers' counterpart to the then all-male ABC; the Young American Bowling Alliance; and USA Bowling.  The USBC's headquarters are located in Arlington, Texas, after having moved from the Milwaukee suburb of Greendale, Wisconsin, in November 2008. The move enabled the USBC to combine its operations with the Bowling Proprietors' Association of America (BPAA).
Trần Thị Thùy Dung
Trần Thị Thùy Dung (born February 18, 1990, in Đà Nẵng, Việt Nam) was crowned as Miss Vietnam 2008 on August 31 in Hội An. Miss Vietnam 2008 Tran Thi Thuy Dung was the tallest contestant (1,78m - 2008) with body measurements 86 - 61,5- 91.

On December 13, Thùy Dung was not allowed to represent her country in Miss World 2008 in Johannesburg, South Africa, due to her unlegalized high school graduation certificate.

Miss World 2008
Miss World 2008 was the 58th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Sandton Convention Centre in Johannesburg, South Africa, on 13 December 2008.

Zhang Zilin of China crowned Ksenia Sukhinova of Russia as her successor at the end of the event. This is the second time Russia has won the title.