hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hyundai Rotem
Hyundai Rotem Company, often referred to as Hyundai Rotem (Korean: 현대로템; RR: Hyeondae Rotem), is a South Korean manufacturer of railway rolling stock, railway signalling,  defense products and plant equipment. It is a member of Hyundai Motor Group and has presence in more than 50 countries worldwide. As of 2024, Hyundai Rotem has more than 4,100 employees.

MTR Hyundai Rotem EMU
The Hyundai Rotem EMU (also known as R-Train or 1141B) (Chinese: 港鐵東鐵綫現代列車) is a current model of heavy rail electric multiple units used on the Mass Transit Railway in Hong Kong. The 9-car sets are manufactured by Hyundai Rotem for the North South Corridor, an extension of the East Rail line, at a cost of HK$4 billion. and the first delivery took place in 2015, while a further 6 trains were ordered in May 2020, although the 6 trains were never manufactured. Originally scheduled to enter service in late-2017 to early-2018, the trains gradually entered service from 6 February 2021. All train sets were put into service in 2022, replacing the Metro Cammell EMUs and displacing the SP1900 EMUs to the Tuen Ma Line.
Meristodonoides
Meristodonoides is an extinct genus of hybodont known from the mid-late Cretaceous, with potential records dating back to the Jurassic. It is one of a number of hybodont genera composed of species formerly assigned to Hybodus.

The genus is primarily known from remains from the Cretaceous of North America and Europe, spanning from the Aptian/Albian to Maastrichtian, making it one of the last surviving hybodont genera, though records of the genus likely extend as far back as the Late Jurassic, based on an undescribed skeleton from the Tithonian of England, and fragmentary teeth from the Kimmeridgian of Poland, England and Switzerland.

Hybodontiformes
Hybodontiformes, commonly called hybodonts, are an extinct group of shark-like cartilaginous fish (chondrichthyans) which existed from the late Devonian to the Late Cretaceous. Hybodonts share a close common ancestry with modern sharks and rays (Neoselachii) as part of the clade Euselachii. They are distinguished from other chondrichthyans by their distinctive fin spines and cephalic spines present on the heads of males. An ecologically diverse group, they were abundant in marine and freshwater environments during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic, but were rare in open marine environments by the end of the Jurassic, having been largely replaced by modern sharks, though they were still common in freshwater and marginal marine habitats. They survived until the end of the Cretaceous, before going extinct.
StorNext File System
StorNext File System (SNFS), colloquially referred to as StorNext is a shared disk file system made by Quantum Corporation. 
StorNext enables multiple Windows, Linux and Apple workstations to access shared block storage over a Fibre Channel network. With the StorNext file system installed, these computers can read and write to the same storage volume at the same time enabling what is known as a "file-locking SAN." StorNext is used in environments where large files must be shared, and accessed simultaneously by users without network delays, or where a file must be available for access by multiple readers starting at different times. Common use cases include multiple video editor environments in feature film, television and general video post production.

Xsan
Xsan (/ˈɛksæn/) is Apple Inc.'s storage area network (SAN) or clustered file system for macOS. Xsan enables multiple Mac desktop and Xserve systems to access shared block storage over a Fibre Channel network.  With the Xsan file system installed, these computers can read and write to the same storage volume at the same time. Xsan is a complete SAN solution that includes the metadata controller software, the file system client software, and integrated setup, management and monitoring tools.

Xsan has all the normal features to be expected in an enterprise shared disk file system, including support for large files and file systems, multiple mounted file systems, metadata controller failover for fault tolerance, and support for multiple operating systems.
Coulta, South Australia
Coulta (Nauo: Gulda) is a town and locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 293 kilometres (182 mi) west of the state capital of  Adelaide and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north-west of the municipal seat in Port Lincoln.

The township is adjacent to the Flinders Highway, and the bounded locality extends to the coast on the western side of the peninsula, facing the Great Australian Bight. Coulta was named in 1877, derived from a 'native name of a spring "Koolta"'.

Coulta is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the local government area of the District Council of Lower Eyre Peninsula.

District Council of Lower Eyre Peninsula
The Lower Eyre Council is a local government area located on Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. The district covers the southern tip of the peninsula, except for the small area taken up by the City of Port Lincoln.

The main council offices are in Cummins, with a branch office in Port Lincoln, even though Port Lincoln is actually in its own council area, not encompassed by the council.
Bedford Park, Bronx
Bedford Park is a residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City, adjacent to the New York Botanical Garden. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are: Mosholu Parkway to the north, Webster Avenue to the east, East 196th Street to the south, and Jerome Avenue to the west.

The neighborhood is part of Bronx Community District 7, and its ZIP Codes include 10458 and 10468. The area is patrolled by the 52nd Precinct of the New York City Police Department.

Fordham, Bronx
Fordham is a neighborhood located in the western Bronx, New York City. Fordham is roughly bordered by East 196th Street to the north, the Harlem River to the west, Fordham Road to the south, and Southern Boulevard to the east. The neighborhood's primary thoroughfares are Fordham Road and Grand Concourse.

Fordham is located within Bronx Community Board 5 and Bronx Community Board 7, and its ZIP Codes include 10453, 10457, 10458 and 10468. Its main subway line is the IND Concourse Line (B and ​D trains), operating under the Grand Concourse, with the IRT Jerome Avenue Line (4 train) on its western border.  The area is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 46th Precinct. New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) property in the area is patrolled by P.S.A. 7 at 737 Melrose Avenue in the Melrose section of the Bronx. The neighborhood is home to the original, Rose Hill campus of Fordham University.
North Dakota Highway 48
North Dakota Highway 48 (ND 48) is a north–south state highway in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The southern segments southern terminus is at ND 25 in Center, and the northern terminus is at ND 200 west of Fort Clark. The northern segments southern terminus is at ND 200 east of Riverdale, and the northern terminus is at U.S. Route 83 (US 83) in Coleharbor.

U.S. Route 83 in North Dakota
U.S. Route 83 (US 83) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from the Mexico–United States border in Brownsville, Texas, to the Canada–United States border near Westhope, North Dakota. In the state of North Dakota, US 83 extends from the South Dakota border north to the Canada-United States border.
Zwarte Water
The Zwarte Water ("Black Water") is a river in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is formed just south of the city of Zwolle when two streams, the Soestwetering and the Nieuwe Wetering, merge. The Zwarte Water then flows north through Zwolle, bends to the northeast, takes in the Vecht near Hasselt and flows past the town of Zwartsluis to discharge in the Zwarte Meer ("Black Lake", connected to the IJsselmeer lake) near Genemuiden.

Contrary to popular belief, the Zwarte Water is not an IJssel branch, nor is it another name for the Vecht. The river is, however, connected to the IJssel by two canals, the Willemsvaart (dug in the early nineteenth century, now disused) and the Zwolle-IJssel Canal.

Zwolle
Zwolle (Dutch: [ˈzʋɔlə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Overijssel and the province's second-largest municipality, after Enschede, and has a population of 132,441 as of December 2023. Zwolle borders the province of Gelderland and lies on the eastern side of the River IJssel.
Rungta International Skills University
Rungta International Skills University (RIU), Bhilai is a private university located in Central India in the city of Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India. It was established in 2025 following the reorganisation of Rungta R-1 Engineering College after receiving approval from the Government of Chhattisgarh and UGC.

The university’s academic structure is designed around collaboration with multiple technology and business organisations. As part of its curriculum, students are expected to receive industry-linked certifications from these organisations in addition to their academic degrees. It was also ranked 25th Top Engineering (Private) Colleges in India in 2023 by India Today and ranked 6 by Outlook India as India's top B-Schools 2022

Bhilai
Bhilai is a city in Durg district of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh, in eastern central India. Along with its twin-city Durg, the urban agglomeration of Durg-Bhilai Nagar has a population of more than a million, making it the second most populous urban area in Chhattisgarh after Raipur. The Bhilai metropolis contains three municipal corporations: Bhilai Municipal Corporation, Bhilai Charoda Municipal Corporation and Risali Municipal Corporation.

Bhilai is a major industrial and educational hub of central India. The city is home to several industries like Bhilai Steel Plant, Jaypee Cement, Orient Cement, NSPCL Bhilai Power Plant, Steel Authority of India, FSNL and ACC Cement. The city is home to the Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, as well as the Bhilai Institute of Technology. Risali is an emerging hub with its own municipal corporation.
The city also has the state's oldest zoo, Maitri Bagh.
Thuwa
Thuwa (Aymara for spit out, belch out, also spelled Togua, Towa) is a 5,063-metre-high (16,611 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Potosí Department, Daniel Campos Province, Llica Municipality. Thuwa lies between the Uyuni salt flat in the east and the Napa or Thuwa salt flat (Salar de Togua) in the west. The highest neighboring mountains are Jaruma in the north and Mancha in the east. The smaller mountain at the north-western slope of Thuwa is named Wiraqucha Qullu (Huirajocha Kkollu). The plain west of the mountain is named Thuwa Pampa (Towa Pampa, Pampa de Togua).

Jaruma
Jaruma (Aymara jaru bitter, uma water, "bitter water") is a 4,863-metre-high (15,955 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Potosí Department, Daniel Campos Province, Llica Municipality. Jaruma lies between the Uyuni salt flat in the east and the Napa salt flat in the west. The highest neighboring mountains are Mancha in the south-east and Thuwa in the south. The smaller mountain at the south-western slope of Jaruma is named Wiraqucha Qullu (Huirajocha Kkollu).
Riccati equation
In mathematics, a Riccati equation in the narrowest sense is any first-order ordinary differential equation that is quadratic in the unknown function. In other words, it is an equation of the form

where  and .   If  the equation reduces to a Bernoulli equation, while if  the equation becomes a first order linear ordinary differential equation.

The equation is named after Jacopo Riccati (1676–1754).

More generally, the term Riccati equation is used to refer to matrix equations with an analogous quadratic term, which occur in both continuous-time and discrete-time linear-quadratic-Gaussian control.  The steady-state (non-dynamic) version of these is referred to as the algebraic Riccati equation.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
Economic history of Turkey
The economic history of the modern Republic of Turkey has four eras. The first era's development policy was defined by the transition from an agricultural imperial Ottoman economy into a diversified more industrialized economy. It emphasized on private accumulation between 1923 and 1929. The second era's focus was state accumulation in a period of global crises between 1929 and 1945. The third era focused on state-guided industrialization based on import-substituting protectionism between 1950 and 1980. The final era was the opening of the economy to liberal trade in goods, services, and financial market transactions since 1981.

Since 2018 the Turkish economy has been in a state of crisis. The Middle East institute has raised the possibility that Turkey is currently in a new economic era under President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. This era is defined by reduced institutional financial independence, negative foreign exchange deficits, and political interference.

Economic history of the Ottoman Empire
The economic history of the Ottoman Empire covers the period 1299–1923. Trade, agriculture, transportation, and religion made up the Ottoman Empire's economy.

The Ottomans saw military expansion of currency, more emphasis on manufacturing and industry in the wealth-power-wealth equation, and moving towards capitalist economics comprising expanding industries and markets. They continued along the trajectory of territorial expansion, traditional monopolies, buildings, and agriculture.
Puffer machine
An explosives trace-detection portal machine, also known as a trace portal machine and commonly known as a puffer machine, is a security device that seeks to detect explosives and illegal drugs at airports and other sensitive facilities as a part of airport security screening. The machines are intended as a secondary screening device, used as a complement to, rather than a substitute for, traditional X-ray machines.

The term "trace-detection" refers to the machine's ability to detect extremely small "traces" of these compounds.  The exact sensitivities of these machines are not published, but a mass spectrometer detects compounds on a molecular level and would only be limited by the efficiency of the collection from the air puffed to obtain a sample for analysis.

Backscatter X-ray
Backscatter X-ray is an advanced X-ray imaging technology. Traditional X-ray machines detect hard and soft materials by the variation in x-ray intensity transmitted through the target. In contrast, backscatter X-ray detects the radiation that reflects from the target. It has potential applications where less-destructive examination is required, and can operate even if only one side of the target is available for examination.

The technology is one of two types of whole-body imaging technologies that have been used to perform full-body scans of airline passengers to detect hidden weapons, tools, liquids, narcotics, currency, and other contraband. A competing technology is millimeter wave scanner. One can refer to an airport security machine of this type as a "body scanner", "whole body imager (WBI)", "security scanner" or "naked scanner".
1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior men's race
The Senior men's race at the 1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Limerick, Ireland, at the Greenpark Racecourse on 25 March 1979.   A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.

1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Limerick, Ireland, at the Greenpark Racecourse on 25 March 1979. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.

Complete results for men, junior men, women, medallists, 
 and the results of British athletes were published.
Grote or Sint-Laurenskerk (Alkmaar)
Grote or Sint-Laurenskerk (English: Great, or St. Lawrence church) is a Reformed Protestant church in Alkmaar, Netherlands. At present, it is not used for church services; it is mostly closed in the winter and open for tourists in the summer months or by appointment. The building is located on the Koorstraat (choir street).

Alkmaar
Alkmaar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑl(ə)kmaːr] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland. Alkmaar is well known for its traditional cheese market. For tourists, it is a popular cultural destination. The municipality has a population of 111,766 as of 2023.
Boggeragh Mountains
The Boggeragh Mountains (Irish: An Bhograch) are located in County Cork, Ireland, with the Munster Blackwater to the north and the River Lee to the south of the hills. With an elevation of 644 m (2,113 ft), the highest peak is Musheramore (Irish: Muisire Mór). The landscape consists of peat blanket bog, grassland, streams and areas of forestry. The mountains were formed from Old Red Sandstone deposited during the Devonian Period. They were shaped by glacial erosion during the last glacial period.

Construction of a wind farm in the area started in September 2009. In February 2010 19 units of Vestas V90-3MW MW wind turbines are up and running.

Musheramore
Musheramore (Irish: Muisire Mór, 'big Mushera') is a mountain with a height of 643 metres (2,110 ft) in County Cork, Ireland. It is the highest of the Boggeragh Mountains. The neighbouring hill is Musherabeg (Muisire Beag, 'little Mushera'), with a height of 499 metres (1,637 ft). Historically the mountain was called Knock Muskery, from Cnoc Múscraighe meaning "hill of the Múscraige", a Gaelic tribe who gave their name to the barony of Muskerry.  There are two holy wells on the mountain: one near the summit for sick animals, and one on its northern slopes for humans (St John's Well), where mass was traditionally held on midsummer.
Carinaro
Carinaro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Naples and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Caserta.

Carinaro borders the following municipalities: Aversa, Gricignano di Aversa, Marcianise, Santa Maria Capua Vetere, Teverola.

Teverola
Teverola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Naples and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Caserta.

Teverola borders the following municipalities: Aversa, Carinaro, Casaluce, Santa Maria Capua Vetere.

In 2023 Teverola was selected as the location of a European Gigafactory to make lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Semantic change
Semantic change (also semantic shift, semantic progression, semantic development, or semantic drift) is a form of language change regarding the evolution of word usage—usually to the point that the modern meaning is radically different from the original usage. In diachronic (or historical) linguistics, semantic change is a change in one of the meanings of a word. Every word has a variety of senses and connotations, which can be added, removed, or altered over time, often to the extent that cognates across space and time have very different meanings. The study of semantic change can be seen as part of etymology, onomasiology, semasiology, and semantics.

Cognate
In historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language.

Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.  It can also happen that words which appear similar, or identical, in different languages, are not cognate.

Cognates are distinguished from loanwords, where a word has been borrowed from another language.
Macintosh IIfx
The Macintosh IIfx is a personal computer designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer from March 1990 to April 1992.  At introduction it cost from US$9,000 to US$12,000, depending on configuration, and it was the fastest Macintosh available at the time.

The IIfx is the most powerful of the 68030-based Macintosh II family and was replaced at the top of Apple's lineup by the Macintosh Quadra in 1991. It is the last Apple computer released that was designed using the Snow White design language.

Macintosh II family
The Macintosh II is a family of personal computers that was designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1987 to 1993. The Macintosh II was the initial model, representing the high-end of the Macintosh line for the time.  Over the course of the next six years, seven more models were produced, culminating with the short-lived Macintosh IIvi and Macintosh IIvx models. Apple retired the Macintosh II name when it moved to Motorola 68040 processors; the Centris and Quadra names were used instead.
Avoca Homestead Complex
The Avoca Homestead Complex is a heritage-listed former station homestead and station facilities which was used for catered accommodation and visitor attraction. It is on the west bank of the Darling River near Wentworth, in the Far West region of New South Wales, Australia. It was built between 1871 and 1879. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 8 April 2016.    The original 1871 half of the homestead destroyed by fire in May 2024. New owners have purchased the property in May 2025 with plans to commence the clean-up and restoration of the 1879 building which remains.

Wentworth, New South Wales
Wentworth is a small border town in the far southwest of the state of New South Wales, Australia. It lies at the confluence of Australia's two most important rivers, the Darling and the Murray, the latter forming the border with the state of Victoria to the south. The border with the state of South Australia lies approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the west. The town of Wentworth is in the local government area of the same name.
Paul Kuypers
Paul Herman Felix Kuypers (4 June 1939, Elst (Overbetuwe), Gelderland - d. near Ierapetra, Crete, Greece, 9 September 1971) was a Dutch agriculture expert, widely known in Ierapetra as the "Dutchman". He is credited with introducing new planting techniques first on Syros island and later in Ierapetra, Crete. He arrived in Ierapetra in 1966 and co-operated with local farmers where he introduced greenhouse techniques revolutionizing agricultural production procedures.

He settled in the town of Ierapetra along with his wife and their child. He died in a car accident on the highway near Ierapetra in 1971. Some years after his death the people of Ierapetra erected a bust of him in his memory on the road to Myrtos. The Municipality of Ierapetra dedicated a street to his name.

Ierapetra
Ierapetra (Greek: Ιεράπετρα, lit. 'sacred stone'; ancient name: Ἱεράπυτνα Hierápytna) is a Greek city and municipality located on the southeast coast of Crete. It is the fourth largest city on the island and the largest in the Lasithi regional unit, serving as Greece's main port in the Libyan Sea.