hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
WMNT (AM)
WMNT (1500 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information and Latin Pop radio format. Licensed to Manati, Puerto Rico, the station is currently owned by Jose Ribas Reyes (Manati Radio Corporation), through licensee Manati Radio & Media LLC. The call sign letters are the consonants of its city of license and location, Manati.

Manatí, Puerto Rico
Manatí (Spanish pronunciation: [manaˈti]) is a city and municipality of Puerto Rico on the northern coast. It is north of Morovis and Ciales, east of Florida and Barceloneta, and west of Vega Baja. Manatí has over 8 barrios and Manatí barrio-pueblo, the downtown area and the administrative center of the city. It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Listed buildings in Wales, South Yorkshire
Wales is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.  The parish contains 19 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Wales and Kiveton Park, and the surrounding area.  The listed buildings include houses and associated structures, a church, farmhouses and farm buildings, former mill buildings, two railway bridges, offices, a milepost, and a war memorial.

Kiveton Park
Kiveton Park /ˈkɪvɪtən/ is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, in South Yorkshire, England. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, from the Norman conquest to 1868, Kiveton was a hamlet of the parish of Harthill-with-Woodall. It subsequently transferred to the civil parish of Wales which takes its name from the neighbouring village.
Hillsdale, Kanawha County, West Virginia
Hillsdale is a large community/residential area in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States and is part of the Charleston area, but stretches past city limits. It can be accessed by Hillsdale Drive, Westmoreland Road (Interstate 77, exit #102), or Cora Street. It is surrounded by extensive woodlands, stretching to Eden's Fork (exit 106, near Kanawha Twomile Creek). This residential area is close to Charleston and takes up the entire hill.

Kanawha County, West Virginia
Kanawha County (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745, making it West Virginia's most populous county. The county seat is Charleston, which is also the state capital and most populous city.
Kanawha County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Subcountability
In constructive mathematics, a collection  is subcountable if there exists a partial surjection from the natural numbers onto it.
This may be expressed as

where  denotes that  is a surjective function from  onto . The surjection is a member of  and here the subclass  of  is required to be a set.
In other words, all elements of a subcountable collection  are functionally in the image of an indexing set of counting numbers  and thus the set  can be understood as being dominated by the countable set .

Constructive set theory
Axiomatic constructive set theory is an approach to mathematical constructivism following the program of axiomatic set theory.
The same first-order language with "" and "" of classical set theory is usually used, so this is not to be confused with a constructive types approach.
On the other hand, some constructive theories are indeed motivated by their interpretability in type theories.

In addition to rejecting the principle of excluded middle (), constructive set theories often require some logical quantifiers in their axioms to be set bounded. The latter is motivated by results tied to impredicativity.
Diocese of Great Falls–Billings
The Diocese of Great Falls–Billings (Latin: Dioecesis Magnocataractensis–Billingensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in eastern Montana in the United States. It was established in 1904; it became the Diocese of Great Falls-Billings in 1980. The bishop is Jeffrey Fleming. The diocese has two cathedrals: St Ann's Cathedral in Great Falls, dedicated in 1907, and St Patrick's Co-Cathedral in Billings, dedicated in 1908.

Mathias Clement Lenihan
Mathias Clement Lenihan (October 6, 1854 – August 19, 1943) was a 20th-century archbishop in the Catholic Church in the United States.  He served as bishop of the Diocese of Great Falls in the state of Montana from 1904 to 1930.
Magadino
Magadino (Lombard: Magadign) is a former municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 25 April 2010, the former municipalities of Caviano, Contone, Gerra Gambarogno, Indemini, Magadino, Piazzogna, San Nazzaro, Sant'Abbondio and Vira Gambarogno merged in the new municipality of Gambarogno.

San Nazzaro, Switzerland
San Nazzaro is a former municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 25 April 2010, the former municipalities of Caviano, Contone, Gerra Gambarogno, Indemini, Magadino, Piazzogna, San Nazzaro, Sant'Abbondio and Vira Gambarogno merged in the new municipality of Gambarogno.
Serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent
A serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent (SNRA) is a type of drug which induces the release of serotonin and norepinephrine (and epinephrine) in the body and/or brain.

Only a few SNRAs are known, examples of which include norfenfluramine, (R)-MDMA, MBDB, and MDAI. Fenfluramine produces norfenfluramine as a major active metabolite and hence is an SNRA similarly. It was formerly used as an appetite suppressant for the treatment of obesity. (R)-MDMA, MBDB, and MDAI are entactogens.  Dexfenfluramine is also an SNRA.

A closely related type of drug is a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).

MBDB
MBDB, also known as N-methyl-1,3-benzodioxolylbutanamine or as 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methyl-α-ethylphenylethylamine, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and phenylisobutylamine families related to MDMA. It is known by the nicknames "Eden" and "Methyl-J".
John Smethwick
John Smethwick (died 1641) was a London publisher of the Elizabethan, Jacobean, and Caroline eras. Along with colleague William Aspley, Smethwick was one of the "junior partners" in the publishing syndicate that issued the First Folio collection of Shakespeare's plays in 1623. As his title pages specify, his shop was "in St. Dunstan's Churchyard in Fleet Street, under the Dial."

William Aspley
William Aspley (died 1640) was an English publisher in London during the Elizabethan, Jacobean, and Caroline eras. He was a member of the publishing syndicates that issued the First Folio and Second Folio collections of Shakespeare's plays, in 1623 and 1632.
Owenism
Owenism is the utopian socialist philosophy of 19th-century social reformer Robert Owen and his followers and successors, who are known as Owenites. Owenism aimed for radical reform of society and is considered a forerunner of the cooperative movement. The Owenite movement undertook several experiments in the establishment of utopian communities organized according to communitarian and cooperative principles. One of the best known of these efforts, which was unsuccessful, was the project at New Harmony, Indiana, which started in 1825 and was abandoned by 1827. Owenism is also closely associated with the development of the British trade union movement, and with the spread of the Mechanics' Institute movement.

Henry Hetherington
Henry Hetherington (June 1792 – 24 August 1849) was an English printer, bookseller, publisher and newspaper proprietor who campaigned for social justice, a free press, universal suffrage and religious freethought. Together with his close associates, William Lovett, John Cleave and James Watson, he was a leading member of numerous co-operative and radical groups, including the Owenite British Association for the Promotion of Co-operative Knowledge, the National Union of the Working Classes and the London Working Men's Association. As proprietor of The Poor Man's Guardian he played a major role in the "War of the Unstamped" and was imprisoned three times for refusing to pay newspaper stamp duty. He was a leader of the "moral force" wing of the Chartist movement and a supporter of pro-democracy movements in other countries. His name is included on the Reformers' Memorial in Kensal Green Cemetery.
Article XV squadrons
Article XV squadrons were Australian, Canadian, and New Zealand air force squadrons formed from graduates of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (1939) during World War II.

These units complemented another feature of the BCATP, under which personnel from the Royal Air Force (RAF), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) were placed in a common pool, and assigned to Article XV and RAF squadrons – in Europe, the Mediterranean Theatre, Africa and South-East Asia – according to operational needs.

The RAAF, RCAF and RNZAF also formed non-Article XV squadrons, which performed home defence duties and saw active service in various parts of the Pacific Theatre.

443 Maritime Helicopter Squadron
443 Maritime Helicopter Squadron (French: 443e Escadron d'hélicoptères maritimes) is a Canadian Armed Forces helicopter squadron under the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. It was originally a Second World War RCAF squadron that operated as part of RAF Fighter Command in Europe with the Supermarine Spitfire.
Latin Grammy Award for Best Flamenco Album
The Latin Grammy Award for Best Flamenco Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards, a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally.

According to the Latin Grammy Awards category description guide, the award was given, "For vocal or instrumental Flamenco albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material.  For Solo artists, duos or groups." Since the inception of the category, only Spanish performing artists have received the award.

Spanish musician Tomatito and Spanish singer Niña Pastori hold the record of most wins in the category with four wins each, followed by Paco de Lucía with three wins. In 2014, Paco de Lucía won posthumously both this award and Album of the Year with his last album Canción Andaluza, becoming the first flamenco artist and album to do so.

Canción Andaluza
Canción Andaluza (English: Andalusian Song) is the final studio album by Spanish musician Paco de Lucía, released on April 29, 2014 through Universal Music Spain. It was released posthumously after his death on February 25, 2014. Produced by de Lucía himself, it features collaborations with fellow Flamenco singers Estrella Morente and Vicente Castro "Parrita", and Venezuelan salsa musician Oscar D'León.

At the 15th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, the album won Album of the Year, becoming the first flamenco music album to win the award, also the album won Best Flamenco Album, being the third time he wins that category after receiving the award for Cositas Buenas in 2004 and En Vivo Conciertos España 2010 in 2012.
Nishiyama, Niigata
Nishiyama (西山町, Nishiyama-machi) was a town located in Kariwa District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,712 and a density of 118.52 persons per km2. The total area was 56.63 km2.

On May 1, 2005, Nishiyama, along with the town of Takayanagi (also from Kariwa District), was merged into the expanded city of Kashiwazaki.

The town was the birthplace of Kakuei Tanaka, once the Japanese prime minister.

Kashiwazaki, Niigata
Kashiwazaki (柏崎市, Kashiwazaki-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of November 30, 2020, the city had an estimated population of 81,836 in 34,883 households, and a population density of 187 persons per km². The total area of the city was 442.03 square kilometres (170.67 sq mi).
Evangeliary
The Evangeliary or Book of the Gospels is a liturgical book containing only those portions of the four gospels which are read during Mass or in other public offices of the Church. The corresponding terms in Latin are Evangeliarium and Liber evangeliorum.

The Evangeliary developed from marginal notes in manuscripts of the Gospels and from lists of gospel readings (capitularia evangeliorum). Generally included at the beginning or end of the book containing the whole gospels, these lists indicated the days on which the various extracts or pericopes were to be read. They developed into books in which they were accompanied by the texts to which they referred, with the passages arranged in accordance with the liturgical year rather than in their order within the gospels themselves, and omitting passages not used in the liturgy.

Pericope
In rhetoric, a pericope (/pəˈrɪkəpiː/; Greek περικοπή, "a cutting-out") is a set of verses that forms one coherent unit or thought, suitable for public reading from a text, now usually of sacred scripture.
Datagram Transport Layer Security
Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) is a communications protocol providing security to datagram-based applications by allowing them to communicate in a way designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, or message forgery. The DTLS protocol is based on the stream-oriented Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol and is intended to provide similar security guarantees. The DTLS protocol datagram preserves the semantics of the underlying transport—the application does not suffer from the delays associated with stream protocols, but because it uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) or Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), the application has to deal with packet reordering, loss of datagram and data larger than the size of a datagram network packet. Because DTLS uses UDP or SCTP rather than TCP it avoids the TCP meltdown problem when being used to create a VPN tunnel.

OpenConnect
Free and open-source software portal

OpenConnect is a free and open-source cross-platform multi-protocol virtual private network (VPN) client software which implement secure point-to-point connections.

The OpenConnect client supports the following VPN protocols:

Cisco AnyConnect

Juniper Secure Connect (since 7.05)

Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect (since 8.00)

Ivanti/Pulse Connect Secure (since 8.04)

F5 BIG-IP and

Fortinet FortiGate and

Array Networks AG SSL VPN (since 8.20)

It was originally written as an open-source replacement for Cisco's proprietary AnyConnect SSL VPN client, which is supported by several Cisco routers.

As of July 2023, support for several other proprietary VPN protocols is desired or in development:

SonicWall NetExtender VPN support

Check Point SNX VPN support

H3C VPN support

Barracuda CloudGen Firewall VPN support

Huawei VPN support
Desulfovibrio biadhensis
Desulfovibrio biadhensis  is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, anaerobic, mesophilic, slightly halophilic, sulfate-reducing and motile bacterium from the genus Desulfovibrio which has been isolated from a thermal spring in Tunisia.

Desulfovibrio
Desulfovibrio is a genus of Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio species are commonly found in aquatic environments with high levels of organic material, as well as in water-logged soils, and form major community members of extreme oligotrophic habitats such as deep granitic fractured rock aquifers. They're also found in the guts of beetles, such as Melolontha melolontha, where they perform sulfate reduction.

High amounts of Desulfovibrio bacteria have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, bacteremia infections, and Parkinson's disease.

Some Desulfovibrio species have in recent years been shown to have bioremediation potential for toxic radionuclides such as uranium by a reductive bioaccumulation process, such as converting highly water-soluble U(VI) to relatively insoluble U(IV) precipitate, thus removing the toxic uranium from contaminated water.
Marsh Railway
The Marsh Railway (German: Marschbahn) is a main line in the state of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany that links the stations of Elmshorn in the south and Westerland on the island of Sylt in the north. It is part of 237 km (147 mi) long route from Hamburg-Altona to Westerland (Sylt) and is listed in the Deutsche Bahn timetables as Kursbuchstrecke 130. The first part of it was opened in 1845 and is one of the oldest lines in Germany.

Itzehoe
Itzehoe (German: [ɪtsəˈhoː] ⓘ; Low German: Itzhoe) is a town in Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany.

As the capital of the district Steinburg, Itzehoe is located on the Stör, a navigable tributary of the Elbe, 51 km (31.7 mi) northwest of Hamburg and 24 km (14.9 mi) north of Glückstadt. The population is about 32,530.
Noto, Ishikawa (Fugeshi)
Noto (能都町, Noto-machi) was a town located in Fugeshi District, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 10,596 and a density of 91.76 persons per km2. The total area was 115.48 km2.

On March 1, 2005, Noto absorbed the village of Yanagida (also from Fugeshi District), and the town of Uchiura (from Suzu District), to create the new town of Noto (in the newly created Hōsu District, Ishikawa, which was created at the same day) and no longer exists as in independent municipality.

Noto, Ishikawa
Noto (能登町, Noto-chō) is a town located in Hōsu District (formerly Fugeshi District), Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2020, the town had an estimated population of 15,687 in 7,689 households, and a population density of 65 persons per km2. The total area of the town was 273.27 square kilometres (105.51 sq mi).
Livadochori, Lemnos
Livadochori (Greek: Λιβαδοχώρι) is a village and a community in the Greek island of Lemnos, part of the municipal unit Nea Koutali. The community includes the village Poliochni. It is situated in the central part of the island, 1 km northwest of Kallithea, 2 km north of Nea Koutali, 7 km northwest of Moudros and 12 km northeast of Myrina. The Lemnos International Airport is 3 km east.

Lemnos
Lemnos (Ancient Greek: Λῆμνος [ˈlɛ̂ːmnos]) or Limnos (Modern Greek: Λήμνος [ˈlimnos]) is a Greek island in the northern Aegean Sea. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within the Lemnos regional unit, which is part of the North Aegean region. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Myrina. At 477.583 square kilometres (184.396 sq mi), it is the 8th-largest island of Greece.
Pincherle derivative
In mathematics, the Pincherle derivative  of a linear operator  on the vector space of polynomials in the variable x over a field  is the commutator of  with the multiplication by x in the algebra of endomorphisms . That is,  is another linear operator

(for the origin of the  notation, see the article on the adjoint representation) so that

This concept is named after the Italian mathematician Salvatore Pincherle (1853–1936).

Delta operator
In mathematics, a delta operator is a shift-equivariant linear operator  on the vector space of polynomials in a variable  over a field  that reduces degrees by one.

To say that  is shift-equivariant means that if , then

In other words, if  is a "shift" of , then  is also a shift of , and has the same "shifting vector" .

To say that an operator reduces degree by one means that if  is a polynomial of degree , then  is either a polynomial of degree , or, in case ,  is 0.

Sometimes a delta operator is defined to be a shift-equivariant linear transformation on polynomials in  that maps  to a nonzero constant.  Seemingly weaker than the definition given above, this latter characterization can be shown to be equivalent to the stated definition when  has characteristic zero, since shift-equivariance is a fairly strong condition.
Council of the Nation
The Council of the Nation  (Arabic: مجلس الأمة, romanized: Majlis al-Ummah) is the upper house of the Algerian Parliament. It is composed of 174 members, 2/3 of which are elected indirectly and 1/3 of which are appointed by the president of Algeria.

Abdelkader Bensalah was elected as President of the Council of the Nation on July 2, 2002, re-elected on January 11, 2007 and January 10, 2008.
Zohra Drif was elected as Vice President of the Council of the Nation on September 10, 2002, re-elected on March 7, 2007 and March 8, 2008.

They were last elected on 9 March 2025.

President of Algeria
The president of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية, romanized: Raʼīs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Jazāʼiriyyah al-Dīmuqrāṭiyyah al-Shaʻbiyyah; French: Président de la République algérienne démocratique et populaire) is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces.

The current president is Abdelmadjid Tebboune, who succeeded Abdelaziz Bouteflika on 19 December 2019.
NBC Sports Gold
NBC Sports Gold was a suite of over-the-top subscription streaming television services operated by NBC Sports Group; the individual services (referred to as "passes") featured coverage of sports properties from NBC Sports, often as companions and overflow for content not shown on TV.

In 2020, NBC began to wind down the NBC Sports Gold services, with contracts for its content either expiring, or being migrated to NBCUniversal's subscription streaming service Peacock.

NBC Sports Group
NBC Sports Group is a division of NBCUniversal Media Group. Founded in 2011, it is responsible for NBC Sports' media properties, encompassing the NBC television network's sports division as well as day-to-day operation of the company's sports-oriented cable networks and other properties such as NBC Sports Radio.
Penman–Monteith equation
The Penman-Monteith equation approximates net evapotranspiration (ET) from meteorological data as a replacement for direct measurement of evapotranspiration. The equation is widely used, and was derived by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for modeling reference evapotranspiration ET0.

Evapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to the combined processes which move water from the Earth's surface (open water and ice surfaces, bare soil and vegetation) into the atmosphere. It covers both water evaporation (movement of water to the air directly from soil, canopies, and water bodies) and transpiration (evaporation that occurs through the stomata, or openings, in plant leaves). Evapotranspiration is an important part of the local water cycle and climate, and measurement of it plays a key role in water resource management and agricultural irrigation.
England national amateur football team
The England national amateur football team was the amateur representative team for England at football. It was formed in 1901,: 5–6  due to the growth of the professional game which meant that amateur players could no longer easily find places in the main England national team.

It was the most successful team in the British Amateur Championship, winning on 16 occasions (5 joint). The England amateur team was disbanded by The Football Association in 1974.

British Home Amateur Championship
The British Home Amateur Championship or British Amateur Championship was an annual football competition contested between the United Kingdom's four amateur national teams: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (the last of whom competed as Ireland for the first three tournaments).  Starting during the 1953–54 season, it was contested until the 1973–74 season, after which the Football Association abolished the amateur distinction. From 1929 to 1953, an unofficial winner was declared by the press; during this time, Ireland and Wales did not meet regularly.: 2