hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Baker (scientist)
Robert Baker, FREng, FIMMM (1938–2004) was a British metallurgist and steelmaker.

Baker was born Handsworth, Sheffield, England, attended Woodhouse Grammar School and graduated with an honours degree in metallurgy from the University of Sheffield in 1960. He stayed on to conduct research on the use of a stabilised zirconia solid electrolyte for the measurement of oxygen activity in molten steel, for which he was awarded a PhD in 1964.

Baker worked for British Steel Corporation for many years, and was appointed Director of Research and Development in 1986 following the retirement of Dr KJ Irvine. Together with colleagues at the company, he was granted patents relating to steel production.

Baker was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a Fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IMMM). The IMMM also awarded him the Sir Robert Hadfield medal with his colleague GD Spenceley in 1987, and the Bessemer Gold Medal in 1998 for services to the industry.

Bessemer Gold Medal
The Bessemer Gold Medal is awarded annually by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3) "for outstanding services to the steel industry, to the inventor or designer of any significant innovation in the process employed in the manufacture of steel, or for innovation in the use of steel in the manufacturing industry or the economy generally". The recipient is expected to prepare and deliver the Bessemer Lecture.

It was established and endowed to the Iron and Steel Institute in 1874 by Sir Henry Bessemer and was first awarded to Isaac Lowthian Bell in 1874. The Iron and Steel Institute merged in 1974 into the Institute of Metals, which in 1993 became part of the Institute of Materials, which in turn became part of the IOM3 in 2002.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hudspeth County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places in Hudspeth County, Texas

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Hudspeth County, Texas. There are three districts and 85 individual properties listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted May 30, 2025.

Hudspeth County, Texas
Hudspeth County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,432. Its county seat is Sierra Blanca, and the largest community is Fort Hancock. The county is named for Claude Benton Hudspeth, a state senator and United States Representative from El Paso. It is northeast of the Mexico–U.S. border.

Hudspeth County is included in the El Paso Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is one of the nine counties that comprise the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas. Hudspeth County is one of two Texas counties to entirely observe Mountain Time, along with neighboring El Paso County, while Culberson County partly observes it (in the northwestern region, as the rest of the county observes Central Time).
IFK Lidingö
IFK Lidingö is a Swedish sports club, part of the IFK system, based on the island of Lidingö outside Stockholm. Although the club takes part in numerous sports, it is most famous for its football, athletics and orienteering sections. The football team are called IFK Lidingö FK.

The club was founded in 1932 and in 1985 it became an alliance club with independent sections. It currently has 400 members, most of them under around 15 years of age. The club arranges Lidingöloppet, which attracts nationwide attention.

Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna
Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna (English: Sporting Society Comrades), usually abbreviated IFK, is a central organisation for many sports clubs in Sweden. There are also eight IFK clubs in Finland but they are organised separately. The Swedish IFK was founded 1 February 1895 and has 164 member clubs with around 100,000 members as of 2004. The best known IFK club in football is probably the one in Gothenburg, IFK Göteborg, which won the UEFA Cup twice in the 1980s. In ice hockey, the most successful IFK club is IFK Helsingfors from Helsinki, which have won the Finnish championship seven times.
Echinelops
Echinelops is an extinct genus of elopiform ray-finned fish known from the Early Oligocene of eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It was first named by Alison M. Murray and Izzet Hoşgör in 2012 and the type species is Echinelops ozcani.

Elopiformes
The Elopiformes /ˈɛləpɪfɔːrmiːz/ are the order of ray-finned fish including the tarpons, tenpounders, and ladyfish, as well as a number of extinct types. They have a long fossil record, easily distinguished from other fishes by the presence of an additional set of bones in the throat.

They are related to the order of eels, although the adults superficially resemble very large or giant herrings in appearance. The larvae, however, are leptocephalic, looking very similar to those of eels.
Arkansas Governor's Mansion
The Arkansas Governor's Mansion is the official residence of the governor of Arkansas and Arkansas' first family. The mansion is located at 1800 Center Street in Little Rock and is included in the Governor's Mansion Historic District, a district that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notable former residents include later president Bill Clinton and politician turned TV presenter Mike Huckabee.

Until 1950, the State of Arkansas did not have an official residence for its governor.

Governor's Mansion Historic District
The Governor's Mansion Historic District is a historic district covering a large historic neighborhood of Little Rock, Arkansas.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 and its borders were increased in 1988 and again in 2002.  The district is notable for the large number of well-preserved late 19th and early 20th-century houses, and includes a major cross-section of residential architecture designed by the noted Little Rock architect Charles L. Thompson.  It is the oldest city neighborhood to retain its residential character.
Quantum Detectors
Quantum Detectors Limited is a spin-out company from the Diamond Light Source and Science and Technology Facilities Council, although it also commercialises technology from other large scale facilities such as the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The function of the company is to take to market developments that would otherwise only be used by the funders of the development; this wider use of these new technologies benefits the scientific community through improved facilities and the developer through aiding them in meeting their impact / knowledge transfer obligations.

Quantum Detectors is based at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus close to the city of Oxford in the United Kingdom (UK).  The company was founded in 2007 and is privately owned by Diamond Light Source Ltd. and The Science and Technology Facilities council commercial arm, STFC Innovations Ltd.

Science and Technology Facilities Council
The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, that carries out research in science and engineering, and funds UK research in areas including particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (both ground-based and space-based).
Ciminà
Ciminà (Greek: Kymina) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 652 and an area of 48.8 square kilometres (18.8 sq mi).

Ciminà borders the following municipalities: Antonimina, Ardore, Cittanova, Molochio, Platì, Sant'Ilario dello Ionio, Varapodio.

Sant'Ilario dello Ionio
Sant'Ilario dello Ionio (Sicilian: Santu Lariu) is a local municipality in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 105 kilometres (65 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Reggio Calabria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,346 and an area of 13.8 square kilometres (5.3 sq mi).

Sant'Ilario dello Ionio borders the following municipalities: Antonimina, Ardore, Ciminà, Locri, Portigliola.
Three different communities are found in this municipality: the ancient borgo di Condojanni, Sant'Ilario centro and la Marina. In the municipality act a  Youth municipality committee  an autonomous organism based on an open and informal model of free youth participation recognized in the statute of the municipality and supported by European Commission.
Ranasinghe Premadasa
Sri Lankabhimanya Ranasinghe Premadasa (Sinhala: රණසිංහ ප්‍රේමදාස Raṇasiṃha Premadāsa; Tamil: ரணசிங்க பிரேமதாசா Raṇaciṅka Pirēmatācā; 23 June 1924 – 1 May 1993) was a Sri Lankan politician and statesman who served as the third President of Sri Lanka from 1989 until his assassination in 1993. He previously served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 1978 to 1989, with his tenure making him the longest-serving uninterrupted Prime Minister of Sri Lanka.

Amongst Sri Lankans, Premadasa has left behind a mixed legacy. While he was seen as a spokesperson of the poor, common man, his handling of the country's two civil conflicts, the JVP insurrection and the Sri Lankan civil war, have been heavily criticised. He was the first person to be conferred with the Sri Lankabhimanya, Sri Lanka's highest civilian award, in 1986 by president J. R. Jayewardene.

Janasaviya
Janasaviya was a poverty reduction program in Sri Lanka. It was introduced in 1989 by the government of Ranasinghe Premadasa, and was a lead program of his government. In 1995, under the new president Chandrika Kumaratunga, it was replaced by the Samurdhi program.
Tolkien fandom
Tolkien fandom is an international, informal community of fans of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, especially of the Middle-earth legendarium which includes The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Silmarillion. The concept of Tolkien fandom as a specific type of fan subculture sprang up in the United States in the 1960s, in the context of the hippie movement, to the dismay of the author (Tolkien died in 1973), who talked of  "my deplorable cultus".

A Tolkienist is a fan who studies the work of J. R. R. Tolkien: this usually involves the study of the Elvish languages and "Tolkienology". A Ringer is a fan of The Lord of the Rings in general, and of Peter Jackson's live-action film trilogy in particular. Other terms for Tolkien fans include Tolkienite  or Tolkiendil.

Many fans share their Tolkien fan fiction with other fans. Tolkien societies support fans in many countries around the world.

J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment, edited by Michael D. C. Drout, was published by Routledge in 2006. A team of 127 Tolkien scholars on 720 pages cover topics of Tolkien's fiction, his academic works, his intellectual and spiritual influences, and his biography. Co-editors were Douglas A. Anderson, Verlyn Flieger (both Drout's co-editors also of Tolkien Studies), Marjorie Burns and Tom Shippey.

The development of the encyclopedia was interrupted by Taylor & Francis's takeover of Routledge. All the images and redirection entries (like "Balrog: see Monsters") were dropped, making the work less accessible than it could have been. Further, the editing process was severely curtailed, leaving many imperfections in the text. Reviewers noted the uneven handling of topics: some essays were excellent, while others were sketchy.
Ichera
The Ichera (Russian: Ичера or Ичёра) is a river in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. It is a tributary of the Lena with a length of 138 kilometres (86 mi) and a drainage basin area of 4,501 square kilometres (1,738 sq mi).

The river flows across an uninhabited area of the Kirensky District. Ichera village is located by the left bank of the Lena, a little upstream from the confluence.

Lena River
The Lena is a river in the Russian Far East and is the easternmost river of the three great rivers of Siberia which flow into the Arctic Ocean, the others being Ob and Yenisey. The Lena River is 4,294 km (2,668 mi) long and has a capacious drainage basin of 2,490,000 km2 (960,000 mi2); thus the Lena is the eleventh-longest river in the world and the longest river entirely within Russia. Geographically, permafrost underlies all the Lena River's catchment and it is continuous in over 75 percent of the basin.
Hatteng
Hatteng (Norwegian), Háhtta (Northern Sami), or Hattu (Kven) is the administrative centre of Storfjord Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E06 highway at the southern end of the Storfjorden, a branch of the large Lyngenfjorden. Storfjord Church is located in Hatteng.

Hatteng sits about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of the village of Nordkjosbotn (in Balsfjord Municipality) and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) northwest of the Treriksröset cairn where the borders of Norway, Sweden, and Finland meet.

Immediately west of Hatteng lies the village of Oteren.

Storfjord Church
Storfjord Church (Norwegian: Storfjord kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Storfjord Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hatteng. It is the main church for the Storfjord parish which is part of the Nord-Troms prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in an empire style in a long church design in 1952 using plans drawn up by the architect Bjarne Bystad Ellefsen. The church seats about 320 people.
Count Floyd
Count Floyd is a fictional character featured in television and played by comic actor Joe Flaherty. He is a fictional horror host in the tradition of TV movie hosts on local television in both the United States and Canada.

The Count Floyd character originated on the Canadian sketch show SCTV, but also later appeared on The Completely Mental Misadventures of Ed Grimley (clips of which were used on Cartoon Planet), as well as Rush’s Signals and Grace Under Pressure tours.

Horror host
A horror host is a host or presenter of a program where horror films and low-budget B movies are shown on television or the Internet.  Usually the host assumes a horror-themed persona, often a campy or humorous one.  Generally there are breaks in the film where the host comments on various aspects of the movie.  Many horror host shows also include skits involving the hosts themselves, sometimes with a sidekick or other supporting characters.
Carmagnola
Carmagnola (Italian: [karmaɲˈɲɔːla]; Piedmontese: Carmagnòla [karmaˈɲɔla] ⓘ) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of Turin. The town is on the right side of the Po river. The nature of the soil determined over time how the river's sand accumulated.

Carmagnola borders the following municipalities: Poirino, Villastellone, Carignano, Lombriasco, Ceresole d'Alba, Racconigi, Sommariva del Bosco, Caramagna Piemonte.

Ceresole Alba
Ceresole Alba is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Piedmont region of Italy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Turin and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Cuneo.

Ceresole Alba borders the following municipalities: Baldissero d'Alba, Carmagnola, Montaldo Roero, Monteu Roero, Poirino, Pralormo, and Sommariva del Bosco.

The Battle of Ceresole was an encounter between a French army and the combined forces of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire during the Italian War of 1542–46. The lengthy engagement took place on 11 April 1544 outside the village.
Latin War
The (Second) Latin War of 340–338 BC was a conflict between the Roman Republic and its neighbors, the Latin peoples of ancient Italy. It ended in the dissolution of the Latin League and incorporation of its territory into the Roman sphere of influence, with the Latins gaining partial rights and varying levels of citizenship.

Latin League
The Latin League (c. 8th century – 338 BC) was an ancient confederation of about 30 villages and tribes in the region of Latium near the ancient city of Rome, organized for mutual defense by the Italic tribes of the Latins. The term "Latin League" is one coined by modern historians with no precise Latin equivalent.
Düben family
The Düben family (German pronunciation: [ˈdyːbm̩]) is a noble family of German descent, originating in Saxony, Holy Roman Empire, whose members were elevated to the Swedish nobility, that rose to prominence with Andreas Düben (c. 1597–1662), an organist to the German Church in Stockholm, Swedish Empire.

During the 17th century, the Düben family exerted a significant influence on music at the Royal Court Orchestra, which experienced a golden age during those years. The family collected and composed various works, resulting in a compilation known as the Düben collection. Gustaf Düben, the son of Andreas Düben, was responsible for compiling this collection.

Its members use different surnames; the ennobled individuals and their descendants incorporate a nobiliary particle, "von," into their surnames, as seen in "von Düben" (German pronunciation: [fɔnˈdyːbm̩]), while the un-ennobled members do not include this particle in their surnames.

Düben collection
The Düben collection is a collection of musical manuscripts named after the original collector, Gustaf Düben, held in the Uppsala University Library. It includes much 17th-century baroque music, in particular the only surviving copies of many works by Dieterich Buxtehude.
502 Squadron (Portugal)
The 502 Squadron "Elefantes" (Esquadra 502) is a transport squadron of the Portuguese Air Force. Its primary mission is tactical air transport and has the secondary mission of providing additional pilot training in multi-engine aircraft and in navigation, search and rescue, and general air transport.

Sintra Air Base
Sintra Air Base (Portuguese: Base Aérea de Sintra) (ICAO: LPST), officially designated as Air Base No. 1 (Portuguese: Base Aérea Nº 1, BA1), is a Portuguese Air Force base located in the Sintra Municipality, Portugal. The base is home to a flight training squadron and the Portuguese Air Force Academy.
Beauly
Beauly (/ˈbjuːli/ ⓘ BEW-lee; from French  beau lieu 'beautiful place'; Scottish Gaelic: A' Mhanachainn) is a village in Scotland's Highland area, on the River Beauly, 12 miles (19 km) west of Inverness by the Far North railway line. The town is historically within Kilmorack Parish of the County of Inverness.

The land around Beauly is fertile - historically corn was grown extensively and more recently fruit has successfully been farmed. The village  historically traded in coal, timber, lime, grain, and fish.

Kilmorack
Kilmorack (Scottish Gaelic: Cill Mhòraig) is a small hamlet in Inverness-shire, in the Highlands of Scotland and now in the Highland Council area. It is situated on the north bank of the River Beauly, three miles (five kilometres) west of Beauly and 15 miles (24 kilometres) west of the city of Inverness. The river is part of the Affric-Beauly hydro-electric power scheme, with a dam and power station at Kilmorack. The old parish church (1786) was adapted in 1997 to show contemporary Scottish art in Kilmorack Gallery.

Kilmorack is at the centre of controversial energy industry projects by SSE and associated companies. These include an 868-acre (351-hectare) substation at Fanellan, four new 60m high pylon lines, a westcoast line, three BESS facilities and new substations for the existing hydro dams. The application by SSE for Fanellan Substation was submitted in March 2025.
Monyash
Monyash (/muhn-ee-ash/ munyash) is a village and civil parish in the Peak District, Derbyshire, England, 5 miles (8 km) west of the market town Bakewell. It is centred on a village green 265 metres (869 ft) above sea level at the head of Lathkill Dale in the limestone area known as the White Peak. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 314. Tourism and farming (milk, beef and lamb) are the predominant activities of the village. The area was once an important meeting place, a watering point for drovers’ animals at the intersection of several trade routes, and industrial centre supporting the local lead mining industry.

Lathkill Dale
Lathkill Dale is the valley of the River Lathkill near Bakewell, Derbyshire in the Peak District of England. The river emerges into the dale from springs below Lathkill Head Cave (or, in wet conditions, from the cave itself). Towards the head of the dale is the side valley Cales Dale.
Beit Duqqu
Beit Duqqu (Arabic: بيت دقّو) is a Palestinian village in the Jerusalem Governorate, located  northwest of Jerusalem in the central West Bank.  According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 1,754 in 2017.

Quds Governorate
The Quds Governorate (Arabic: محافظة القدس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat al-Quds), also known as Jerusalem Governorate, is one of the 16 governorates of Palestine and located in the central part of the West Bank. The current governor, appointed by the Palestinian National Authority, is Adnan Ghaith since 2018, who succeeded Adnan al-Husayni, appointed in 2008. The Governorate has two sub-districts: Jerusalem J1, which includes the localities within the territory controlled by the Israeli Jerusalem municipality (East Jerusalem), and Jerusalem J2, which includes the remaining parts of the Jerusalem Governorate. The district capital of the Governorate is East Jerusalem (al-Quds).

The total land area of the governorate is 344 km2. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the governorate had a population of 429,500 residents in 2005, accounting for 10.5% of Palestinians living in the Palestinian territories in 2022 population had risen to 482,854 as official Statistics.
Nobel Enterprises
Nobel Enterprises (/noʊˈbɛl/) is a chemicals business that used to be based at Ardeer, in the Ayrshire town of Stevenston, in Scotland. Specialising in nitrogen-based propellants and explosives and nitrocellulose-based products such as varnishes and inks.  It was formerly ICI Nobel, a division of the chemicals group ICI, but was then sold to Inabata, a Japanese trading firm.  The business was sold on to Chemring Group in 2005 and is now a Scottish Company (Chemring Energetics UK Ltd), part of Chemring Group. Stefan Donald is currently the lead engineer for the ongoing regeneration project.

Stevenston
Stevenston (Scots: Stinstoun, Scottish Gaelic: Baile Steaphain) is a town and parish in North Ayrshire, Scotland. Along with Ardrossan and Saltcoats it is one of the "Three Towns", all of similar size, on the Firth of Clyde coast; the easternmost parts of Stevenston are about 1⁄2 mile (800 metres) from western parts of Kilwinning, the A78 trunk road runs between the settlements.
Ewen Cameron of Lochiel
Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel (Scottish Gaelic: Eòghann Dubh Mac Dhòmhnaill Dubh; February 1629 – c. February 1719) was a Scottish soldier and the 17th chief of Clan Cameron. He fought during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and was one the principal Jacobite leaders during the 1689 Rising.

Lochiel is regarded as one of the most formidable Scottish clan chiefs of all time, with Lord Macaulay praising him as the "Ulysses of the Highlands". An incident demonstrating his strength and ferocity in single combat, when he bit out the throat of an enemy, is used by Sir Walter Scott in Lady of the Lake (canto v.).

David Barclay (soldier)
David Barclay of Ury (1610 – October 12, 1686) was a Scottish professional soldier, courtier and the first Laird of Ury. A soldier of fortune, Barclay fought for Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden during the Thirty Years' War, and with the Earl of Middleton during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.