hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lainate
Lainate (Lombard: Lainaa [lai̯ˈnaː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Milan.

Lainate borders the following municipalities: Caronno Pertusella, Origgio, Garbagnate Milanese, Nerviano, Arese, Rho, Pogliano Milanese.

Lainate is home to Villa Visconti Borromeo Arese Litta, a Medici-inspired 1500s villa that today attracts many tourists because of its nymphaeum, and the headquarters of the confectionery company Perfetti Van Melle which sells candies and gums all over the world.

It is also popular for the Villoresi Canal and its forest, where many people walk or run.

Pogliano Milanese
Pogliano Milanese (Lombard: Pojan [puˈjãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Milan.

Pogliano Milanese borders the following municipalities: Lainate, Nerviano, Rho, Vanzago, Pregnana Milanese, Arluno.
Balderas metro station
Balderas is an underground station on the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Cuauhtémoc borough in the center of Mexico City. It is a transfer station along Lines 1 and 3. Between 2023 and 2024, the Line 1 station was closed for modernization work on the tunnel and the line's technical equipment.

Rockdrigo González
Rodrigo González (25 December 1950 – 19 September 1985), better known as Rockdrigo or El profeta del nopal ("The Nopal Prophet"), was a Mexican singer-songwriter.  He died at age 35 with his girlfriend, Francoise Bardinet, when the apartment building in which he was living collapsed in the Mexico City earthquake of 19 September 1985. His early death made him a legend in Mexican rock.
Landquart (river)
The Landquart is a river of Switzerland in the canton of Grisons and a right tributary of the Alpine Rhine, formed by the confluence of two mountain streams, Vereinabach and Verstanclabach, that originate from glaciers in the Silvretta Alps. It flows northwesterly through the village of Klosters, the largest and uppermost village in the Prättigau valley, and empties into the Alpine Rhine near the town of Landquart. It is 38 km (24 mi) long, with a 615.17 km2 (237.52 sq mi) drainage basin.

Klosters
Klosters is a Swiss village in the Prättigau, administratively part of the municipality of Klosters-Serneus, which belongs to the district of Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Grisons; in 2021, the municipality shortened its name to Klosters. Klosters itself consists of the two main parts Klosters Dorf ('Village') and Kloster Platz ('Place'), and the settlements Selfranga, Äuja, Monbiel. Together with neighbouring Serneus, the two villages formed the municipality of Klosters-Serneus. On 1 January 2016, the former municipality of Saas im Prättigau merged into Klosters-Serneus.

Klosters is on the Austrian border. The village's ski resort lies 150 km (93 mi) from Zurich, the nearest international airport. Klosters is 10 km (6.2 mi) north from Davos and part of its extended ski area.
Khurramites
The Khurramites (Persian: خرمدینان Khurram-Dīnân, meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an Iranian religious and political movement with roots in the Zoroastrian movement of Mazdakism. An alternative name for the movement is the Muhammira (Arabic: محمرة, "Red-Wearing Ones"; in Persian: سرخ‌جامگان Surkh-Jâmagân), a reference to their symbolic red dress.

According to Abdülbaki Gölpınarlı, the Qizilbash ("Red-Heads"') of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in Iranian Azerbaijan that helped to establish the Safavid dynasty – have been described as "spiritual descendants of the Khurramites".

Kaysanites
The Kaysanites (Arabic: كيسانية, romanized: Kaysāniyya) were a Shi'i sect of Islam that formed from the followers of Al-Mukhtar. They traced Imamate from Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah and his descendants. The name Kaysaniyya was most likely derived from the name of Mukhtar's chief guard, Abu Amra Kaysan.
The Factory
The Factory was pop artist Andy Warhol's New York City studio and the center of his artistic, social, and filmmaking activities from 1964 to 1987. Originally located at 231 East 47th Street before moving to two later sites, the Factory became known for its distinctive blend of art production, experimental film, fashion, music, and countercultural nightlife. It served as a gathering place for a wide circle of artists, musicians, writers, socialites, and underground personalities—collectively known as Warhol superstars—who contributed to the studio’s reputation as one of the most influential creative hubs of its era. The Factory played a key role in the development of Warhol's Pop art, his film projects, and his exploration of celebrity culture, helping shape the landscape of American avant-garde art in the 1960s and 1970s.

Frederick W. Hughes
Frederick W. Hughes (July 29, 1943 – January 14, 2001), known as Fred Hughes, was an American businessman and collector. Best known as the longtime business manager of Pop artist Andy Warhol, Hughes played a key role in managing Warhol's finances, cultivating elite patrons, and professionalizing Warhol's commercial operations in the United States and Europe. He later served as publisher of Interview magazine and, following Warhol's death in 1987, was appointed executor of the artist's estate and founding chairman of the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, a position from which he was removed in 1992 after internal disputes with the foundation's president, Archibald L. Gillies, whom Hughes had appointed. He suffered from multiple sclerosis in his later years and died in 2001.
Congressional Black Caucus
The Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) is made up of Black members of the United States Congress. Representative Yvette Clarke from New York, the current  chairperson, succeeded Steven Horsford from Nevada in 2025. Although most members belong to the Democratic Party, the CBC founders envisioned it as a non-partisan organization, and there have been several instances of bipartisan collaboration with Republicans.

Sydney Kamlager-Dove
Sydney Kai Kamlager-Dove (/ˌkæmlɑːɡər-ˈdʌv/ KAM-lah-gər-DUV; née Kamlager; born July 20, 1972) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for California's 37th congressional district since 2023. A Democrat, she previously served in the California State Senate, representing the 30th district. She has also served in the California State Assembly and as a trustee for the Los Angeles Community College District.
Westville, South Carolina
Westville is an unincorporated community in Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States. It is part of the Columbia, South Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Before Westville got its name, it was known only as the West Section. In 1888, resident John C. West applied for the establishment of a post office and became the first postmaster. This post office officially changed its name to Westville in 1890.

Westville is located on U.S. Route 521, 16 miles north of Camden. The Westville Fire Station opened in 1976, and the Westville fire tower is one of the few still in use throughout the state of South Carolina.

Kershaw County, South Carolina
Kershaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 65,403. The county seat and largest community is Camden. The county was created in 1791 from parts of Claremont, Lancaster, Fairfield, and Richland counties. It is named for Col. Joseph Kershaw (1727–1791), an early settler and American Revolutionary War patriot. Kershaw County is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Downeaster (train)
The Downeaster is a 145-mile (233 km) passenger train service operated by Amtrak and managed by the Northern New England Passenger Rail Authority (NNEPRA), an agency of the state of Maine. Named for the Down East region of Maine, the train operates five daily round trips between North Station in Boston, Massachusetts, and Brunswick, Maine, with ten intermediate stops.

In fiscal 2024, the Downeaster carried 598,426 passengers, up 27.0% from the previous year. It earned ticket revenue of 13,051,548, up from 10,420,681, for a farebox recovery ratio of 50%.

Haverhill Line
The Haverhill Line (formerly the Haverhill/Reading Line) is a branch of the MBTA Commuter Rail system, running north from downtown Boston, Massachusetts to Haverhill. The service operates on the Western Route of the former Boston and Maine Railroad, which extends north to Portland, Maine, though MBTA commuter rail service has not continued north of Massachusetts since 1967.
Mustapha Khaznadar
Mustapha Khaznadar (Arabic: مصطفى خزندار; 1817–1878), born as Georgios Halkias Stravelakis (Greek: Γεώργιος Χαλκιάς Στραβελάκης) was a Tunisian politician who served as Prime Minister of the Beylik of Tunis from 1855 to 1873. He was one of the most influential people in modern Tunisian history.

Mejba Revolt
The Mejba Revolt (1864–65) was a rebellion in Tunisia against the doubling of an unpopular poll tax (the mejba) imposed on his subjects by Sadok Bey. The most extensive revolt against the rule of the Husainid Beys of Tunis, it saw uprisings all over the country and came close to prompting military intervention by Britain and France.  The revolt was suppressed with great brutality and the government became ever more seriously indebted to foreign creditors, backed by European governments, until it was finally unable to resist French occupation in 1881.
Diocese of Wilmington
The Diocese of Wilmington (Latin: Dioecesis Wilmingtoniensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical diocese of the Catholic Church in the eastern United States, comprising the entire state of Delaware and the Eastern Shore Region of Maryland. William Koenig is the bishop.

Michael William Hyle
Michael William Hyle (October 13, 1901 – December 26, 1967) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Wilmington in Delaware from 1960 until his death in 1967.
Hawley, Hampshire
Hawley is a small village in the civil parish of Blackwater and Hawley, in the Hart district of northeastern Hampshire, England.

The village is contiguous with the small town of Blackwater. It is on the western edge of the Blackwater Valley conurbation, about 3 miles (5 km) northwest of central Farnborough, Hampshire, about 2 miles (3 km) west of Camberley, Surrey and about 33 miles (53 km) west-southwest of London. Hawley is directly north of Cove, a large, suburb of Farnborough, with a relatively long history.

Cove, Hampshire
Cove is an ancient village turned suburb, forming the western part of Farnborough, in the Rushmoor district, in the county of Hampshire, England. The appropriate ward is called Cove and Southwood. It is located 33 mi (53 km) south west of London. Cove is adjacent to Hawley village and Southwood.
Maurice Couture
Maurice Couture, GOQ (November 3, 1926 – January 19, 2018) was a Canadian Catholic bishop who served as Archbishop of Québec from 1990 until his retirement in 2002. Born in Saint-Pierre-de-Broughton, Quebec, he was ordained a priest in 1951. He was Bishop of Baie-Comeau from  1988 until 1990.

In 2003, he was made a Grand Officer of the National Order of Quebec.

Archdiocese of Quebec
The Archdiocese of Québec (Latin: Archidiœcesis Quebecensis; French: Archidiocèse de Québec) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Quebec, Canada. It is the oldest episcopal see in the New World north of Mexico and the primatial see of Canada. The Archdiocese of Quebec is also the metropolitan see of an ecclesiastical province with the suffragan dioceses of Chicoutimi, Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière and Trois-Rivières. The archdiocese's cathedral is Notre-Dame de Québec in Quebec City.
Twin-scaling
Twin-scaling is a method of propagating plant bulbs that have a basal plate, such as:

Hippeastrum, Narcissus, Galanthus and other members of the Amaryllidaceae;

some members of the lily family Liliaceae;

Lachenalia, Veltheimia and other members of the Hyacinthaceae.

Plant propagation
Plant propagation is the process by which new plants grow from various sources, including seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts. Plant propagation can refer to both man-made and natural processes.

Propagation typically occurs as a step in the overall cycle of plant growth. For seeds, it happens after ripening and dispersal; for vegetative parts, it happens after detachment or pruning; for asexually-reproducing plants, such as strawberry, it happens as the new plant develops from existing parts.

Countless plants are propagated each day in horticulture and agriculture.

Plant propagation is vital to agriculture and horticulture, not just for human food production but also for forest and fibre crops,  as well as traditional and herbal medicine. It is also important for plant breeding.
Clan Campbell
Clan Campbell (Scottish Gaelic: Na Caimbeulaich [na ˈkʰaimbəl̪ˠɪç]) is a Highland Scottish clan, historically one of the largest and most powerful of the Highland clans. The Clan Campbell lands are in Argyll and within their lands lies Ben Cruachan. The chief of the clan became Earl of Argyll and later Duke of Argyll.

Earl of Breadalbane and Holland
Earl of Breadalbane and Holland is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1681 for Sir John Campbell, 5th Baronet, of Glenorchy, who had previously been deprived of the title Earl of Caithness. It refers to Breadalbane (/brəˈdɔːlbən/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Bràghaid Albann, meaning "upper Alba" or "upland of Alba"), a district in Perthshire, comprising a valley within the Grampian Mountains range, archaically spelt Broadalbin.
Parrisia
Parrisia is an extinct genus of batrachosauroidid salamander from Campanian-age rocks in the Marshalltown Formation, Monmouth County, New Jersey. The type and only species is Parrisia neocesariensis, which was discovered at the Ellisdale Fossil Site in New Jersey.

Batrachosauroididae
Batrachosauroididae is an extinct family of prehistoric salamanders with holarctic distribution. They were paedomorphic and presumably aquatic. They are possibly the sister taxon of Proteidae, an extant family of aquatic salamanders. They are definitively known from the Late Cretaceous to Miocene of North America and Europe. Remains from the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) Lulworth Formation of England have tenatively been attributed to this family.

The following genera are included:

Batrachosauroides United States, Eocene–Miocene

Opisthotriton North America, Late Cretaceous–Paleocene

Palaeoproteus Europe, Paleocene–Miocene

Parrisia United States, Late Cretaceous

Peratosauroides United States, Miocene

Prodesmodon North America, Late Cretaceous–Paleocene
Siege of Clonmel
52°21′14″N 7°42′42″W﻿ / ﻿52.3539°N 7.7117°W﻿ / 52.3539; -7.7117

The siege of Clonmel, from 27 April to 18 May 1650, took place during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, when Clonmel in County Tipperary was besieged by 8,000 men from the New Model Army under Oliver Cromwell. The garrison of 1,500 commanded by Hugh Dubh O'Neill eventually surrendered after inflicting heavy casualties on the besiegers.

O'Neill escaped with some of his troops, but although the Irish Confederate Wars continued until 1653, Clonmel ended effective Royalist resistance in Ireland, and Cromwell returned to England immediately afterwards.

Clonmel
Clonmel (Irish: Cluain Meala, meaning 'honey meadow') is the county town and largest settlement of County Tipperary, Ireland. The town is noted in Irish history for its resistance to the Cromwellian army which sacked the towns of Drogheda and Wexford. With the exception of the townland of Suir Island, most of the borough is situated in the civil parish of "St Mary's" which is part of the ancient barony of Iffa and Offa East.
Beit Liqya
Beit Liqya (Arabic: بيت لقيا) is a Palestinian town located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of approximately 9,304 in 2017.

Beit Liqya is located 13.5 km southwest of Ramallah. It is bordered by Beit ‘Anan  and Beit ‘Ur al Foqa  to the east, Kharbatha al Misbah to the north, Beit Sira and Beit Nuba to the west, and Beit Nuba and Kharayib Umm al Lahim to the south.

Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate
31°55′59″N 35°12′18″E﻿ / ﻿31.933°N 35.205°E﻿ / 31.933; 35.205

The Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate (Arabic: محافظة رام الله والبيرة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Rām Allāh wa l Bīra) is one of 16  governorates of Palestine. It covers a large part of the central West Bank, on the northern border of the Jerusalem Governorate. Its district capital or muhfaza (seat) is the city of al-Bireh.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the district had a population of 279,730 in 2007. Laila Ghannam serves as governor, the first woman in this role.
Sudhakar Chaturvedi
Pandit Sudhakar Chaturvedi (died 27 February 2020) was an Indian independence activist, Vedic scholar, Indologist, and claimed supercentenarian. At the claimed age of 122 years, 313 days, some Indian newspapers reported him as the oldest Indian ever.

Gurukul Kangri University
29°55′18″N 78°7′39″E﻿ / ﻿29.92167°N 78.12750°E﻿ / 29.92167; 78.12750

Gurukula Kangri is an Indian government-funded deemed university u/s 3 of the UGC Act 1956 located in Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Situated near the bank of the Ganges, Haridwar and about 200 km from New Delhi, the Gurukula Kangri has 25 academic departments covering Engineering, Applied Sciences, Vedic Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences and Management programs with a strong emphasis on Vedic and Modern Sciences and technological education and research. The university has signed about 34 memorandums of understanding with industries, universities, NGOs, and institutions.
Poplar Hill (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
Poplar Hill is a historic plantation house in Hillsborough, North Carolina. The home was the center of a large plantation, formerly called Occoneechee Farm and Banks of the Eno. Established on farming and hunting grounds for the Occaneechi and Saponi peoples, the land was granted to colonist Francis Corbin by the English and made into a working plantation. Ownership later passed to the Hogg family before the farm was purchased in 1891 by tobacco industrialist and white supremacist Julian Carr. Carr and his wife had the original 1794 plain farmhouse redone in the Greek Revival style. After Carr's death, the house was moved from its original location to a new lot in the Hillsborough Historic District. Poplar Hill later became a rental property and, in the twenty-first century, many tenants, including the singer Tom Maxwell, have broken their leases due to reported hauntings on the property.

Hillsborough, North Carolina
The town of Hillsborough is the county seat of Orange County, North Carolina, United States, and is located along the Eno River. The population was 9,660 as of the 2020 census.

Its name was unofficially shortened to "Hillsboro" during the 19th century. In the late 1960s, residents voted to change the name back to its original, historic spelling.
Gadara
Gadara (Hebrew: גדר, romanized: Geder or Hebrew: גדרה, romanized: Gedera; Greek: Γάδαρα, romanized: Gádara), in some texts Gedaris, was an ancient Hellenistic city in what is now Jordan, for a long time member of the Decapolis city league, a former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see.

Its ruins are today located at Umm Qais, a small town in the Bani Kinanah Department and Irbid Governorate in Jordan, near its borders with Israel and Syria. It stood on a hill 378 metres (1,240 ft) above sea level overlooking the Yarmouk River gorge, with the Golan Heights and the Sea of Galilee well visible to the north and northwest.

This city is distinct from another contemporary one, Gadara or Gadora of Peraea, identified with the archaeological mound of Tell el-Jadur near Salt, Jordan.

Menippus
Menippus of Gadara (/məˈnɪpəs/; Greek: Μένιππος ὁ Γαδαρεύς Menippos ho Gadareus; fl. 3rd century BC) was a Cynic satirist. The Menippean satire genre is named after him. His works, all of which are lost, were an important influence on Varro and Lucian, who ranks Menippus with Antisthenes, Diogenes, and Crates as among the most notable of the Cynics.
Świt Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki
Świt Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɕfit ˈnɔvɨ ˈdvur mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲi])  is a Polish football club based in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki, Masovian Voivodeship, currently competing in group I of the III liga, the fourth tier of Polish football.

Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki
Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki (pronounced [ˈnɔvɨ ˈdvur mazɔˈvʲɛt͡skʲi] ⓘ), often simply referred to as Nowy Dwór, is a town in east-central Poland in the Masovian Voivodeship with ca. 28500 inhabitants (2021). It is the capital of Nowy Dwór County. It is located in the northern part of the Warsaw metropolitan area.

Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki was founded in the medieval period. Due to its favourable location at the confluence of the Narew and Vistula rivers, it prospered as a trade center. It was industrialized in the late modern period. Due to its strategic location, it was the site of several battles and the Modlin Fortress, one of the largest fortresses in Poland, was erected there. The Warsaw Modlin Airport is located in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki.
Short barbelled catfish
The short barbelled catfish (Megalosciades augustus) is a species of catfish in the family Ariidae. It was described by Tyson R. Roberts in 1978, originally under the genus Arius. It inhabits the Fly River in Papua New Guinea. It reaches a maximum standard length of 60 cm (24 in). Its diet consists of bony fish in the families Chanidae, Clupeidae and Melanotaeniidae.

Ariidae
The Ariidae or ariid catfish are a family of catfish that mainly live in marine waters with many freshwater and brackish water species. They are found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate zones. The family includes about 143 species.

The Ariidae are among the oldest known siluroid catfish known from fossil remains. Fossilized pectoral spines and skull bone fragments of ariid catfish are known from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) of Argentina. The ariid relative Vorhisia is known from highly abundant fossil otoliths from Maastrichtian-aged nearshore marine formations of North America.
Hemidesmosome
Hemidesmosomes are very small stud-like structures found in keratinocytes of the epidermis of skin that attach to the extracellular matrix. They are similar in form to desmosomes when visualized by electron microscopy; however, desmosomes attach to adjacent cells. Hemidesmosomes are also comparable to focal adhesions, as they both attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Instead of desmogleins and desmocollins in the extracellular space, hemidesmosomes utilize integrins. Hemidesmosomes are found in epithelial cells connecting the basal epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Hemidesmosomes are also involved in signaling pathways, such as keratinocyte migration or carcinoma cell intrusion.

Keratinocyte
Keratinocytes are the primary type of cell found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.  In humans, they constitute 90% of epidermal skin cells. Basal cells in the basal layer (stratum basale) of the skin are sometimes referred to as basal keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes form a barrier against environmental damage by heat, UV radiation, water loss, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. A number of structural proteins, enzymes, lipids, and antimicrobial peptides contribute to maintain the important barrier function of the skin. Keratinocytes differentiate from epidermal stem cells in the lower part of the epidermis and migrate towards the surface, finally becoming corneocytes and eventually being shed, which happens every 40 to 56 days in humans.