hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vaali (poet)
Thirupparaithurai Srinivasan Rangarajan, professionally credited by his pseudonym Vaali (29 October 1931 – 18 July 2013), was an Indian poet who has the record for writing the most songs in Tamil cinema. He is also recognised for a five-decade-long association in the Tamil film industry and has written more than 15,000 songs. He acted in a number of films, including Sathya, Hey Ram, Paarthale Paravasam and Poikkal Kudhirai. He was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour in 2007.

Varusham 16
Varusham 16 (read as "Varusham Padhinaaru"; transl. Year 16) is a 1989 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by Fazil. The film stars Karthik and Khushbu in the lead roles, with Sukumari, V. K. Ramasamy, Janagaraj, Charle  and Vadivukkarasi in supporting roles. It is a remake of Fazil's own Malayalam film Ennennum Kannettante. The film was released on 18 February 1989, and Karthik won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Tamil.The film was major commercial success and ran over 200 days in Chennai and Madurai and 100 days at 15 centres.
Xunwu County
Xunwu County (simplified Chinese: 寻乌县; traditional Chinese: 尋烏縣; pinyin: Xúnwū Xiàn) is a county in the far south of Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, bordering the provinces of Fujian to the east and Guangdong to the south. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Ganzhou.

It was the focus of Mao Zedong's 1930 essay Report from Xunwu which surveyed conditions in the region and related them to Mao's developing theory of Chinese communism.

Ganzhou
Ganzhou (Chinese: 赣州; pinyin: Gànzhōu), alternately romanized as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in the south of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, and Hunan to the west. Its administrative seat is at Zhanggong District.
Påsketoppen
Påsketoppen is a mountain in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 812 m.a.s.l. and is located on the mountain ridge Påskefjella, east of Samarinbreen and Samarinvågen, and west of Chomjakovbreen. Neighbour peaks are Pinsetoppen to the south and Julhøgda to the north.

Pinsetoppen
Pinsetoppen ("The Whitsun Peak") is a mountain in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 628 m.a.s.l. and is located on the mountain ridge Påskefjella, east of Samarinbreen. Neighbour peak is Påsketoppen further north.
Constitutional reforms in Kenya
Since Kenya gained independence in 1963, the constitution has been altered many times. During the early years of Kenya's existence, the constitution was abused by the president and the ruling party to gain and consolidate power. This was achieved through the creation of a single-party state, the abolition of secret ballots, and increasing the power and prestige that comes with the presidential position.

More recently, Kenya's constitution has become more democratic. The additions of a Prime Minister, two Deputy Prime Ministers, and the abolition of section 2A of the constitution (which had prevented Kenya from being a multi-party state) have all contributed to this reform.

2005 Kenyan constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Kenya on 21 November 2005. Although many government officials, including President Mwai Kibaki, had campaigned for a "yes" vote, the proposed new constitution was rejected by 58% of voters.

Despite the rising number of literate voters in Kenya (74%), ballot papers used symbols as well as text to indicate the choices. Supporters of the new constitution were assigned the symbol of a banana, while the opposition was assigned the orange, ultimately leading to the opposition group being named the Orange Democratic Movement.

The referendum divided the ruling National Rainbow Coalition into camps for and against the proposal, as well as spurring violence between Orange and Banana supporters; nine people died during the campaign period spread over several months, but the process itself was peaceful.
Mino-Akasaka Station
Mino-Akasaka Station (美濃赤坂駅, Mino-Akasaka-eki) is a train station in the city of Ōgaki, Gifu Prefecture, Japan operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Tōkai). It is also a freight terminal for the Japan Freight Railway Company.

Ōgaki
Ōgaki (大垣市, Ōgaki-shi) is a city located in Gifu, Japan. As of October 31, 2018, the city had an estimated population of 161,539, and a population density of 782 persons per km2 in 65,931 households. The total area of the city was 206.57 square kilometres (79.76 sq mi).  Ōgaki was the final destination for the haiku poet Matsuo Bashō on one of his long journeys as recounted in his book Oku no Hosomichi. Every November the city holds a Bashō Festival.
City of Dublin Steam Packet Company
The City of Dublin Steam Packet Company was a shipping line established in 1823.  It served cross-channel routes between Britain and Ireland for over a century. For 70 of those years it transported the mail. It was 'wound-up' by a select committee of the House of Lords in 1922 and finally liquidated in 1930.

The company operated from offices at Eden House, 15-18 Eden Quay which were constructed in 1829.

RMS Leinster
RMS Leinster was an Irish ship operated by the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company. She served as the Kingstown-Holyhead mailboat until she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine UB-123 on 10 October 1918, while bound for Holyhead. She sank just outside Dublin Bay at a point 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) east of the Kish light.

The exact number of dead is unknown but researchers from the National Maritime Museum of Ireland believe it was at least 564, which would make it the largest single loss of life in the Irish Sea.
Laboratory
A laboratory (UK: /ləˈbɒrətəri/; US: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and testing facilities, government regulatory and forensic investigation centers,  physicians' offices, clinics, hospitals, regional and national referral centers, and even occasionally personal residences.

Thermal cycler
The thermal cycler (also known as a thermocycler, PCR machine or DNA amplifier) is a laboratory apparatus most commonly used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thermal cyclers may also be used in laboratories to facilitate other temperature-sensitive reactions, including restriction enzyme digestion or rapid diagnostics.  The device has a thermal block with holes where tubes holding the reaction mixtures can be inserted.  The cycler then raises and lowers the temperature of the block in discrete, pre-programmed steps.
Urbisaglia
Urbisaglia (Italian pronunciation: [urbiˈsaʎʎa, -ˈzaʎ-]) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Macerata, Marche, Italy. Its name comes from the ancient Roman town of Urbs Salvia, which is now in an archaeological park.

Tolentino
Tolentino (Maceratese: Tulindì) is a town and comune of about 19,000 inhabitants, in the province of Macerata in the Marche region of central Italy.

It is located in the middle of the valley of the Chienti.
Bonnyton Thistle F.C.
Bonnyton Thistle Football Club is a Scottish football team based in the Bonnyton area in the town of Kilmarnock, East Ayrshire. They are members of the  West of Scotland Football League, in the sixth tier of the Scottish football league system, having joined the league in 2020 from the South of Scotland Football League.

Founded in 1912, they were previously a youth and amateur team.

Their home ground is The Synergy Arena, located in the Townholm area of Kilmarnock, which has a capacity of 1,000. It was opened in 2017 to coincide with the club's move into senior football.

West of Scotland Football League
The West of Scotland Football League (WoSFL) is a senior football league based in the west of Scotland. The league sits at levels 6–10 on the Scottish football league system, acting as a feeder to the Lowland Football League.

Founded in 2020, it is currently composed of 80 member clubs competing in five divisions. Geographically, the league covers Argyll & Bute, Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, West Dunbartonshire, Glasgow, Inverclyde, Lanarkshire, East Renfrewshire and Renfrewshire. Two clubs are also based in Dumfries and Galloway.

Since its formation, it has featured in the senior pyramid system. The winners take part in an end of season promotion play-off with the East of Scotland Football League and South of Scotland Football League champions, subject to clubs meeting the required licensing criteria.
Mitsuba (satellite)
Mitsuba was a nanosatellite developed by Kyushu Institute of Technology (Kyutech) which would have tested whether products that are not intended for use in space are still usable for satellites. Mitsuba was launched on 12 October 2022 by an Epsilon rocket, but the launch resulted in a failure and the satellite was lost.

Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program
The Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program is a series of spacecraft missions for testing technology and ideas put forward by universities and private companies. The program demonstrates various experimental devices and technology in space by providing flight opportunities. It is managed by the JAXA Research and Development Directorate. According to JAXA, the goal of this program is to test high risk, innovative technology that will lead to the space industry gaining competitiveness in the international field.
WeeGee house
The WeeGee house (Finnish: WeeGee-talo, Swedish: WeeGee-huset), officially The WeeGee Exhibition Centre, is the former printing house of the Weilin+Göös publishing house situated on Ahertajantie in Tapiola, Espoo, Finland. The first two phases of the building were designed by architect Aarno Ruusuvuori and completed in 1964 and 1967. Nowadays, the protected building serves as the largest exhibition centre in Finland. The entirety of the exhibition centre was opened for the public in October 2006.

The WeeGee house hosts the Espoo Museum of Modern Art (EMMA), the Espoo City Museum, the Finnish Museum of Horology, the Finnish Toy Museum, The Futuro-House, Studio Suuronen and other cultural institutions. The museums share a common café and museum store. The exhibition centre is visited by 300 thousand people every year. At the other end of the building is the Etelä-Tapiola gymnasium.

Tapiola
Tapiola (Finnish: [ˈtɑpiolɑ]; Swedish: Hagalundⓘ) is a district of the municipality of Espoo on the south coast of Finland, and is one of the major urban centres of Espoo. It is located in the western part of Helsinki capital region. The name Tapiola is derived from Tapio, who is the forest god of Finnish mythology, especially as expressed in the Kalevala.

Tapiola was largely constructed in the 1950s and 1960s by the Finnish housing foundation and was designed as a garden city. It is the location of the Espoo cultural centre, the Espoo Museum of Modern Art (EMMA), the Espoo city museum, and the Espoo City Theatre.

According to the Finnish National Board of Antiquities, Tapiola was the largest and most valuable example of the 1960s construction ideologies in Finland. Its architecture and landscaping that combine urban living with nature have attracted tourists ever since.
Lord Lieutenant of Devon
The Office of the Lord Lieutenant was created during the reign of Henry VIII (1509–1547), taking over the military duties of the Sheriffs and control of the military forces of the Crown. From 1569 there was provision for the appointment of Deputy Lieutenants, and in 1662 the Lord-Lieutenant was given entire control of the militia. The Regulation of the Forces Act 1871 transferred this function back to the Crown, and in 1921, the office lost its power to call upon men of the county to fight in case of need. Since 1711 all the Lord Lieutenants have also been Custos Rotulorum of Devon.

John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath
John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath PC (29 August 1628 – 22 August 1701) was an English landowner who served in the Royalist army during the First English Civil War and was rewarded for his services after the 1660 Stuart Restoration with a title and various appointments.
Jeļena Ostapenko
Jeļena "Aļona" Ostapenko (born 8 June 1997) is a Latvian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 19 March 2018, and No. 3 in doubles, attained on 14 July 2025. She is the current No. 1 singles player from Latvia, on both categories.

Ostapenko has won nine WTA Tour-level singles and twelve doubles titles, including a singles major at the 2017 French Open and a doubles major at the 2024 US Open, partnering Lyudmyla Kichenok. She has also won 15 singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and the junior singles event at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. She is a member of the Latvia Billie Jean King Cup team.

2018 Miami Open – Women's singles
Sloane Stephens defeated Jeļena Ostapenko in the final, 7–6(7–5), 6–1 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2018 Miami Open. It was Stephens' sixth career singles title, first Premier Mandatory title, and first title since winning the US Open in September 2017. By virtue of her victory, Stephens also made her debut in the Top 10, at No. 9.

Johanna Konta was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to Venus Williams.

Danielle Collins became the first qualifier in Miami Open history to reach the semifinals.
Alyssa Valdez
Alyssa Caymo Valdez (Tagalog: [ʔɐˈlɐjsa bɐlˈdɛs]; born June 29, 1993) is a Filipino volleyball player who serves as team captain for the Creamline Cool Smashers of the Premier Volleyball League (PVL). She was a member of the collegiate varsity women's volleyball team of Ateneo de Manila University in both indoor and beach volleyball. She was most outstanding as an indoor volleyball player where she brought multiple championship titles and a lot of honor for the university. Her global recognition paved the way for her to play in other countries like Thailand for 3BB Nakornnont and Taiwan for Attack Line Volleyball Club.

2014 Shakey's V-League Open Conference
The 2014 Shakey's V-League Open Conference was the 21st conference of the Shakey's V-League and the second conference of the 2014 season. It was held between June 29, 2014, to August 31, 2014. The opening ceremonies were held on June 29, 2014, with the first doubleheader of volleyball games at the Filoil Flying V Arena in San Juan. There were eight (8) teams that competed, with the Philippine Army Lady Troopers emerging as the tournament's champion.
HMS Norfolk (1757)
HMS Norfolk was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, and the second ship to bear the name. She was built by Adrian Hayes at Deptford Dockyard and launched on 8 December 1757. She was active during the Seven Years' War.

Battle of Manila (1762)
The Battle of Manila was fought during the Seven Years' War, from 24 September 1762 to 6 October 1762, between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Spain in and around Manila, the capital of the Philippines, a Spanish colony at that time. The British won, leading to an eighteen-month occupation of Manila.
Friedel–Crafts reaction
The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring. Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Aluminium chloride
Aluminium chloride, also known as aluminium trichloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula AlCl3. It forms a hexahydrate with the formula [Al(H2O)6]Cl3, containing six water molecules of hydration. Both the anhydrous form and the hexahydrate are colourless crystals, but samples are often contaminated with iron(III) chloride, giving them a yellow colour.

The anhydrous form is commercially important. It has a low melting and boiling point. It is mainly produced and consumed in the production of aluminium, but large amounts are also used in other areas of the chemical industry. The compound is often cited as a Lewis acid. It is an inorganic compound that reversibly changes from a polymer to a monomer at mild temperature.
Jörg Haider
Jörg Haider (German: [ˈjœʁk ˈhaɪdɐ] ⓘ; 26 January 1950 – 11 October 2008) was an Austrian politician. He was Governor of Carinthia on two occasions, the long-time leader of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and later Chairman of the Alliance for the Future of Austria (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich, BZÖ), a breakaway party from the FPÖ.

Haider was a controversial figure within Austria and abroad. Several countries imposed mild diplomatic sanctions against his party's participation in government alongside Wolfgang Schüssel's Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), starting from 2000.
Haider died in a car accident shortly after leading the BZÖ in the 2008 Austrian parliamentary elections.

Stefan Petzner
Stefan Petzner (born 17 January 1981) is an Austrian politician. He was a member of the right-wing Alliance for the Future of Austria (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich, BZÖ). Petzner is a former reporter (of the Styrian Kleine Zeitung) and a student of journalism. Petzner directed the election campaigns in 2006 and 2008. In 2008 Petzner was appointed secretary general of the BZÖ.
Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Das)
The Revolutionary Communist Party of India, also known as RCPI (Das), was a political party in the Indian state of West Bengal, led by Anadi Das.

RCPI (Das) emerged as Anadi Das and M. Mokshed Ali, the two members of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly of the Revolutionary Communist Party of India, were expelled from RCPI in July 1969. Ahead of the 1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election the RCPI (Das) joined the Communist Party of India-led Eight Party Coalition. Moreover, RCPI (Das) joined the August Kranti Celebration Committee of seven political parties, which supported the struggle for independence of Bangla Desh.

After the 1971 election, RCPI (Das) merged into the RCPI (Tagore). After the death of Tagore, RCPI (Tagore) was split, with Das leading one of the factions and Bibhuti Bhushan Nandi the other.

Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Tagore)
The Revolutionary Communist Party of India, also known as RCPI (Tagore), was a political party in India, led by Saumyendranath Tagore. RCPI (Tagore) emerged from a split in the Revolutionary Communist Party of India in 1948. RCPI (Tagore) had a very minor role in Indian politics. Tagore served as the chairman of the party. The party published the Bengali fortnightly Ganabani ('People's Voice').
Spanish colonial real
The silver real (Spanish: real de plata) was the currency of the Spanish colonies in America and the Philippines. In the seventeenth century the silver real was established at two billon reales (reales de vellón) or sixty-eight maravedíes. Gold escudos (worth 16 reales) were also issued. The coins circulated throughout Spain's colonies and beyond, with the eight-real piece, known in English as the Spanish dollar, becoming an international standard and spawning, among other currencies, the United States dollar. A reform in 1737 set the silver real at two and half billon reales (reales de vellón) or eighty-five maravedís. This coin, called the real de plata fuerte, became the new standard, issued as coins until the early 19th century. The gold escudo was worth 16 reales de plata fuerte.

Maravedí
The maravedí (Spanish pronunciation: [maɾaβeˈði]) or maravedi (Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐɾɐvɨˈði]), deriving from the Almoravid dinar (Arabic: المرابطي, romanized: al-murābiṭī), was the name of various Iberian coins of gold and then silver between the 11th and 14th centuries, and the name of different Iberian accounting units between the 11th and 19th centuries.
IMI Systems
IMI Systems, previously Israel Military Industries, also referred to as Ta'as (Hebrew: תע"ש מערכות ,התעשייה הצבאית), was an Israeli weapons manufacturer. The company manufactured weapons, munitions and military technology mainly for the Israeli security forces (especially Israel's army, the Israel Defense Forces or IDF).

On 25 November 2018, Elbit Systems completed the acquisition of IMI Systems and renamed it to Elbit Systems Land.

ACCULAR
ACCULAR is a family of artillery rockets developed and manufactured by Israel Military Industries (IMI) and used by Israel Defense Forces and international customers. It features 2 different calibers with a maximum range of 40 km with a 20–35 kg unitary penetration or controlled fragmentation warhead and accuracy of 10m CEP.

The ACCULAR missiles can be launched by IMI's LYNX (MRL) launcher, as well as from a variety of other available launchers.
Treaty of Knäred
The Treaty of Knäred (Danish: Freden i Knærød, Swedish: Freden i Knäred) was signed on 21 January 1613 and ended the Kalmar War (1611–1613) between Denmark-Norway and Sweden. The peace negotiations came about under an English initiative. The peace was guaranteed by King James I of England and VI of Scotland.

The treaty was named after the village of Knäred in Halland, where it was signed at a border bridge in what was then the Danish Halland. The peace meant that the kingdoms restored the conquests made during the war. Under the terms of the treaty, Sweden would give back Jemtland and Herjedalen to Norway.
Denmark-Norway would give back Borgholm, Kalmar and Öland.

As a result, Sweden also had to pay the Älvsborg Ransom of one million Rixdollars for the return of the fortress of Älvsborg. The ransom was paid by 1619.

A memorial stone over the site was erected between Knäred and Markaryd in 1925 by the Halland Art Museum (Hallands konstmuseum).

Kalmar War
The Kalmar War (1611–1613) was fought between Denmark–Norway and Sweden. Though Denmark–Norway soon gained the upper hand, it was unable to defeat Sweden entirely. The Kalmar War was the last time Denmark–Norway successfully defended its dominium maris baltici against Sweden, and it also marked the increasing influence of the two countries on Baltic politics.
Skakavac Waterfall (Perućica)
Skakavac (Serbian Cyrillic: Скакавац, lit. "grasshopper") is a waterfall formed on the Perućica, a mountain creek, in the Perućica, which is regulated as a Strict Nature Reserve as part of Sutjeska National Park in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the highest waterfalls in the country, at about 75 metres (246 ft) in height.

The Perućica primeval forest of beech and spruce is situated beneath Maglić (2,386 m), the highest peak in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and separated from Zelengora mountain by the canyon of the Sutjeska river.  Perućica creek cuts through the Perućica forest and descends between two steep Maglić slopes. Near the middle of its course, the stream cascades from the upper hanging valley to the lower valley, falling 75 meters from a karstic limestone precipice to reach its confluence with the Sutjeska river in the valley of Tjentište.

Sutjeska (river)
The Sutjeska (Serbian Cyrillic: Сутјеска, pronounced [sûtjɛska]; lit. "gorge or canyon") is a 35 km-long river in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is a tributary of the Drina river, which it meets south of Foča.
Vilkitsky Island (East Siberian Sea)
Vilkitsky Island (Russian: Остров Вильки́цкого, romanized: Ostrov Vilkitskogo; Yakut: Вилькицкай Aрыыта, romanized: Vil'kitskay Arııta) is the southernmost island of the De Long group in the northern part of the East Siberian Sea. The nearest island is Zhokhov Island. Administratively Vilkitsky Island belongs to Yakutia, an administrative division of the Russian Federation.

The island is named after Russian hydrographer Andrey Vilkitsky.

De Long Islands
The De Long Islands (Russian: Острова Де-Лонга, romanized: Ostrova De-Longa; Yakut: Де Лоҥ Aрыылара, romanized: De Loŋ Arıılara) are an uninhabited archipelago often included as part of the New Siberian Islands, lying north east of Novaya Sibir.