hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baron Fisher
Baron Fisher, of Kilverstone in the County of Norfolk, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1909 for the noted naval reformer Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Fisher.

His son Cecil Fisher, the second Baron, was the adoptive heir of Josiah Vavasseur (1834–1908), an arms manufacturer. Vavasseur left part of his enormous estate to Fisher on the condition that he adopt the Vavasseur name; Fisher assumed the additional surname of Vavasseur in 1909 by royal licence. As of 2017 the title is held by his grandson, the fourth Baron, who succeeded in 2012.

The family seat is Kilverstone Hall, near Kilverstone, Norfolk.

Josiah Vavasseur
Josiah Vavasseur CB (26 November 1834 – 13 November 1908) was an English industrialist who founded Vavasseur and Co. (also known as London Ordnance Works). In 1883 the company merged with W.G. Armstrong and Company, and Vavasseur became a director of the firm. Late in life he adopted Cecil Fisher, only son of Admiral John Fisher, and the Fisher family inherited his fortune, including Kilverstone Hall.
Legend of the Purgatory of Saint Patrick
L'Espurgatoire Seint Patriz or The Legend of the Purgatory of Saint Patrick is a 12th-century poem by Marie de France.  It is an Old French translation of a Latin text Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii by the monk Henry of Saltrey.  However, Marie's version is amplified from the original Latin.

Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii
Tractatus de Purgatorio Sancti Patricii (Treatise on Saint Patrick's Purgatory) is a Latin text written about 1180–1184 by a monk who identified himself as H. of Saltrey. The author is traditionally known as Henry, though this was an insertion and invention of Matthew of Paris and has been contested in the influential work of historian Jacques le Goff. H de Saltrey was a Cistercian in Huntingdonshire.
Golra Hashim
Golra Hashim Urdu pronunciation: [golrɑːhɑːshim] ⓘis a small village in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in Punjab province, Pakistan. Its nearby villages are Bhagwal, Kotla Haji Shah, Jhantla, Shorian, Chak Bakhtawar, Chak Budho, and Malka. It is situated at 32° 50' 17N 73° 56' 56E. It is part of Union council  Bhagwal.

Malka, Gujrat
Malka is a town and union council of Gujrat District, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is part of Kharian Tehsil and is located at 32°51'0N 73°59'0E with an altitude of 285 metres (938 feet). Malka village is 8 km from Guliana on the main Manglia Road. This road goes to Manglia, Thuta Rai Bahadur, and passing along different villages connects to Azad Kashmir.

99% of people belong to Awan-Malik Tribe.
OmniVision Technologies
OmniVision Technologies Inc. is an American subsidiary of Chinese semiconductor device and mixed-signal integrated circuit design house OmniVision Group. The company designs and develops digital imaging products for use in mobile phones, laptops, netbooks, webcams, security, entertainment, automotive and medical imaging systems. Headquartered in Santa Clara, California, OmniVision Technologies has offices in the US, Western Europe and Asia.

In 2016, OmniVision was acquired by a consortium of Chinese investors consisting of Hua Capital Management Co., Ltd., CITIC Capital and Goldstone Investment Co., Ltd.

Webcam
A webcam is a video camera which is designed to record or stream to a computer or computer network. They are primarily used in video telephony, live streaming and social media, and security. Webcams can be built-in computer hardware, like a laptop, or peripheral devices, and are commonly connected to a device using USB or wireless protocol.

Webcams have been used on the Internet as early as 1993, and the first widespread commercial one became available in 1994. Early webcam usage on the Internet was primarily limited to stationary shots streamed to web sites. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, instant messaging clients added support for webcams, increasing their popularity in video conferencing. Computer manufacturers later started integrating webcams into laptop hardware. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a shortage of webcams due to the increased number of people working from home and children attending school remotely.
Courage Has No Color
Courage Has No Color: The True Story of the Triple Nickles, America's First Black Paratroopers is a nonfiction book geared toward children, written by Tanya Lee Stone and published January 22, 2013 by Candlewick Press. The book tells the story of the 555th Parachute Infantry Battalion, nicknamed The Triple Nickles, an all-Black airborne unit of the United States Army during World War II.

In 2014, the book won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work – Youth/Teens.

Tanya Lee Stone
Tanya Lee Stone (born 1965) is an American author of children's and young adult books. She writes narrative nonfiction for middle-grade students and young adults, as well as nonfiction picture books. Her stories often center women and people of color.

Her work has received an NAACP Image Award, Robert F. Sibert Medal, and Golden Kite Award, among others. She is also the author of the young adult verse novel, A Bad Boy Can Be Good for a Girl, which was the 44th-most banned and challenged book in the United States between 2010 and 2019, as well as the sixth most banned and challenged book in 2013.
Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Free State Division of the High Court of South Africa (previously named the Orange Free State Provincial Division and the Free State High Court, and commonly known as the Bloemfontein High Court) is a superior court of law with general jurisdiction over the Free State province of South Africa. The division sits at Bloemfontein.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Haywood County, North Carolina
Haywood County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 62,089. The county seat and its largest community is Waynesville.

Haywood County is part of the Waynesville, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Pigeon River (Tennessee–North Carolina)
The Pigeon River of Western North Carolina and East Tennessee rises above Canton, North Carolina, is impounded by Walters Dam, enters Tennessee, and flows into the French Broad River, just past Newport, Tennessee.  The river traverses the Pisgah National Forest and the Cherokee National Forest, and drains much of the northeastern Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

The river takes its name from the passenger pigeon, an extinct bird whose migration route once included the river valley in North Carolina.
Anthony Seymour Laughton
Sir Anthony Seymour Laughton FRS (29 April 1927—27 September 2019) was a British oceanographer.

He was educated at Marlborough College and King's College, Cambridge. He worked for the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (now the National Oceanography Centre) and served as director in 1978. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1980 and received a knighthood for services to oceanography in the 1987 Birthday Honours.He was awarded the Murchison Medal of the Geological Society of London in 1989.

1987 Birthday Honours
Queen's Birthday Honours are announced on or around the date of the Queen's Official Birthday in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The dates vary, both from year to year and from country to country. All are published in supplements to the London Gazette and many are conferred by the monarch (or her representative) some time after the date of the announcement, particularly for those service people on active duty.

The 1987 Queen's Birthday honours lists were announced on 13 June 1987.

Recipients of honours are shown below as they were styled before their new honour.
Saint Jerome in His Study (Ghirlandaio)
Saint Jerome in His Study is a fresco by the Italian Renaissance painter Domenico Ghirlandaio, executed in 1480 and located in the church of Ognissanti, Florence.

The work was commissioned by the Vespucci family together with a Saint Augustine in His Study by Sandro Botticelli (1480). Both depicted two Doctors of the Church in their studies, with a number of objects which should mark their role as precursors of humanism. They decorated the area next to the choir, which was demolished in the 18th century. In that occasion the two frescoes were removed and placed in the nave. Part of the annexed frame and the inscriptions were lost.

Ognissanti, Florence
The chiesa di San Salvatore di Ognissanti, or more simply chiesa di Ognissanti (Italian: [ˈkjɛːza di oɲɲisˈsanti, ˈkjeː-, - dj -]; "Church of All Saints"), is a Franciscan church located on the eponymous piazza in central Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy. Founded by the lay order of the Umiliati, the church was dedicated to all the saints and martyrs, known and unknown.

It is the burial place of the famous Early Renaissance painter, Sandro Botticelli, as well as Age of Discovery-era explorer Amerigo Vespucci, from whom the name "America" is derived.
Kutu Parera (Gaer Arm) Marine Reserve
Kutu Parera (Gaer Arm) Marine Reserve is a marine reserve covering an area of 433 hectares (1,070 acres) at Gaer Arm in the Bradshaw Sound of Fiordland on New Zealand's South Island. It was established in 2005 and is administered by the Department of Conservation.

Bradshaw Sound
Kaikiekie / Bradshaw Sound  is one of the larger New Zealand fiords. It is one of the sub fiords/arms that make up the Doubtful Sound/Thompson Sound complex and forms the northernmost of the blind or dead end fiords in this system.
Piedmont (train)
The Piedmont (also known as the Piedmont Service) is a regional passenger train operated by Amtrak and the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT), running four round trips daily between Raleigh and Charlotte, North Carolina. It is a sister train to the Carolinian, which runs from Charlotte to New York City. The Piedmont route is coextensive with the southern end of the Carolinian, largely paralleling Interstate 85. It operates along the western portion of the state-owned North Carolina Railroad, which runs from Charlotte to Morehead City. Operations began in May 1995.

NCDOT owns the rolling stock used on the Piedmont, unlike the Carolinian, which uses Amtrak rolling stock. Both trains are marketed by NCDOT under the NC By Train brand.

In fiscal year 2023, Piedmont carried 289,955 passengers, a 36.4% increase from FY2022. This is an increase from pre-COVID-19 pandemic ridership, with 214,218 passengers carried in FY2019.

EMD F59PH
The  EMD F59PH is a four-axle 3,000 hp (2 MW) B-B diesel-electric locomotive built by General Motors Electro-Motive Division from 1988 to 1994. A variant, the F59PHI, was produced from 1994 to 2001. The F59PH was originally built for GO Transit commuter operation in the Toronto region. Metrolink in Southern California also purchased a fleet for its 1992 launch. The streamlined F59PHI was designed for Amtrak California intercity service. A total of 72 F59PH and 83 F59PHI locomotives were built.
Civic Virtue
Civic Virtue Triumphant Over Unrighteousness (1909–1922) is a sculpture group and fountain in New York City, created by sculptor Frederick William MacMonnies and architect Thomas Hastings, and carved by the Piccirilli Brothers. The fountain was originally placed in front of New York City Hall in Manhattan, spent almost 72 years beside Queens Borough Hall in Queens, and the sculpture group is now located in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.

Frederick William MacMonnies
Frederick William MacMonnies (September 28, 1863 – March 22, 1937) was the best known expatriate American sculptor of the Beaux-Arts school, as successful and lauded in France as he was in the United States. He was also a highly accomplished painter and portraitist. He was born in Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn, New York and died in New York City.

Three of MacMonnies's best-known sculptures are Nathan Hale, Bacchante and Infant Faun, and Diana.
Clang
Clang (/ˈklæŋ/) is a compiler front end for the programming languages C, C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++, and the software frameworks OpenMP, OpenCL, RenderScript, CUDA, SYCL, and HIP. It acts as a drop-in replacement for the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), supporting most of its compiling flags and unofficial language extensions. It includes a static analyzer, and several code analysis tools.

Clang operates in tandem with the LLVM compiler back end and has been a subproject of LLVM 2.6 and later. As with LLVM, it is free and open-source software under the Apache 2.0 software license. Its contributors include Apple, IBM, Microsoft, Google, ARM, Sony, Intel and AMD.

Clang 17 has full support for all published C++ standards up to C++17, implements most features of C++20, and has initial support for the C++23 standard. Since v16.0.0, Clang compiles C++ using the GNU++17 dialect by default, which includes features from the C++17 standard and conforming GNU extensions.

OpenCL
OpenCL (Open Computing Language) is a framework for writing programs that execute across heterogeneous platforms consisting of central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and other processors or hardware accelerators. OpenCL specifies a programming language (based on C99) for programming these devices and application programming interfaces (APIs) to control the platform and execute programs on the compute devices. OpenCL provides a standard interface for parallel computing using task- and data-based parallelism.

OpenCL is an open standard maintained by the Khronos Group, a non-profit, open standards organisation. Conformant implementations (passed the Conformance Test Suite) are available from a range of companies including AMD, Arm, Cadence, Google, Imagination, Intel, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung, SPI and Verisilicon.
Catoosa County Public Schools
The Catoosa County School District is a public school district in Catoosa County, Georgia, United States, based in Ringgold, Georgia.

Its boundaries are parallel with those of the county, and serves the communities of Indian Springs and Ringgold, as well as the Catoosa County portions of Fort Oglethorpe and Lakeview.

Lakeview, Georgia
Lakeview is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Catoosa and Walker counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. The population was 4,820 at the 2000 census and 4,777 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Chattanooga, TN–GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Karina Bautista
Karina Bautista Nakagawa (born on April 29, 2002) is a Filipino actress. She was one of the first batch finalists of Pinoy Big Brother: Otso in 2018. She later appeared in television series including Sandugo (2019), The Four Bad Boys and Me (2020), Ampalaya Chronicles (2020), Viral Scandal (2021), Hoy, Love You! (2021), and Halfmates (2024), as well as in films including Fruitcake (2024) and My Love Will Make You Disappear (2025).

She gained wider recognition after appearing in the television anthology series Maalaala Mo Kaya (2025), for an episode features the story of the Maguad siblings murder case, playing the antagonist convict Janice.

Sandugo (TV series)
Sandugo (International title: Fists of Fate / transl. One Blood) is a Philippine television drama action series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Darnel Joy R. Villaflor and Ram Tolentino, it stars Ejay Falcon, Aljur Abrenica, Elisse Joson, Jessy Mendiola, Cherry Pie Picache, Vina Morales, Gardo Versoza and Ariel Rivera. It aired on the network's Kapamilya Gold line up and worldwide on TFC from September 30, 2019 to March 20, 2020, replacing Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Los Bastardos.
Flying Saucer Attack
Flying Saucer Attack is an English space rock band formed in Bristol in 1992, led by songwriter David Pearce. Rachel Brook (now Rachel Coe) of Movietone was a member during the band's early incarnation; Other musicians contributing to the group's recordings and live performances included Rocker (ex-the Flatmates), Matt Elliott (aka the Third Eye Foundation) and Sam Jones (of Crescent).

Drawing on krautrock, folk and dream pop, the group referred to their DIY sound as "rural psychedelia" and were associated with bands of the contemporary post-rock and shoegaze scenes. The band was able to create a small but enthusiastic fanbase, and were notable for recording most of their output at home, avoiding recording studios.

More Oar: A Tribute to the Skip Spence Album
More Oar: A Tribute to the Skip Spence Album is a 1999 tribute album completed shortly before and released shortly after the death of Moby Grape founding member Skip Spence.  The album contains cover versions by various artists of Spence's music from his Oar album, released in 1969, presented in the same order as on the original album.  The album also contains a hidden bonus track of Spence's last known recording, "Land of the Sun", which was originally commissioned for the X-Files soundtrack, Songs in the Key of X, but not used.
Stare Wiatrowo
Stare Wiatrowo [ˈstarɛ vjaˈtrɔvɔ] (German: Alt Kleehof) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Polanów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Polanów
Gmina Polanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Polanów, which lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Koszalin and 159 km (99 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 393.08 square kilometres (151.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,194 (out of which the population of Polanów amounts to 2,967, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,227).
Sierra Nevada (Spain)
Sierra Nevada (Spanish: [ˈsjera neˈβaða]; meaning "snow-covered mountain range") is a mountain range in the Andalusian province of Granada in Spain. It contains the highest point of continental Spain: Mulhacén, at 3,479 metres (11,414 ft) above sea level.

It is a popular tourist destination, as its high peaks make skiing possible in one of Europe's most southerly ski resorts, in an area along the Mediterranean Sea predominantly known for its high temperatures and abundant sunshine. At its foothills is found the city of Granada, and a little further south, Almería and Motril.

Parts of the range have been included in the Sierra Nevada National Park. The range has also been declared a biosphere reserve. The Sierra Nevada Observatory, the Calar Alto Observatory, and the IRAM 30m telescope are located on the northern slopes at an elevation of 2,800 metres (9,200 ft).

Province of Granada
The Province of Granada (Spanish: Provincia de Granada) is a province in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Albacete, Murcia, Almería, Jaén, Córdoba, Málaga, and the Mediterranean Sea (along the Costa Tropical). Its capital city is Granada.

The province has an area of 12,645.41 km2 (4,882.42 sq mi) and a population is 939,741 across its 170 municipalities.

There are certain conception about the autonomous community of Granada being separate from Andalusia. The new autonomous community would consist of the provinces of Granada, Almería and Málaga. The conception has not yet found a response.
2023–24 Northern Counties East Football League
The 2023–24 season was the 42nd in the history of the Northern Counties East Football League, a football competition in England.

The allocations for Steps 5 and 6 this season were announced by The Football Association on 15 May 2023. Starting this season, the Premier Division (Step 5) in the league promotes two clubs; one as champions and one via a four-team play-off. This replaced the previous inter-step play-off system. For this season only, there was only one club relegated from the division.

Emley were confirmed as Premier Division champions following a 5-0 away win at Goole on 30 March 2024 and were presented with the league trophy a week later in their final home game against Golcar United. Parkgate were confirmed as Division One winners on 25 April. Both divisional champions contested the League Cup final with Parkgate coming out as winners and therefore league and cup double winners.

Emley A.F.C.
Emley Association Football Club is a football club based in Emley, West Yorkshire, England. Known as AFC Emley from 2005 to 2019, they are currently members of Northern Premier League Division One East and play at the Welfare Ground. They are nicknamed The Pewits.
Byron P. Steele II High School
Byron P. Steele II High School, also known simply as Cibolo Steele, is a public high school in Cibolo, Texas. It is operated by the Schertz-Cibolo-Universal City Independent School District, and classified as a 6A school by the UIL.

For the 2022–2023 school year, the school was given a "B" by the Texas Education Agency.

Cibolo, Texas
Cibolo is a city in Guadalupe and Bexar counties in Texas, United States. It is part of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area. Cibolo voted to become an independent township on October 9, 1965. Cibolo is in a region settled primarily by German emigrants in the mid 1800s. As of the 2020 census, Cibolo had a population of 32,276, up from 15,349 at the 2010 census.
Quantum well laser
A quantum-well laser is a laser diode in which the active region of the device is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs.  Laser diodes are formed in compound semiconductor materials that (quite unlike silicon) are able to emit light efficiently.  The wavelength of the light emitted by a quantum-well laser is determined by the width of the active region rather than just the bandgap of the materials from which it is constructed.  This means that much shorter wavelengths can be obtained from quantum-well lasers than from conventional laser diodes using a particular semiconductor material.  The efficiency of a quantum-well laser is also greater than a conventional laser diode due to the stepwise form of its density of states function.

Quantum well
A quantum well is a potential well wherein the energy spectrum of charge carriers is discrete.

As opposed to a bulk region, wherein the carriers are free to move in three spatial directions, their motion is free only in two (planar) directions in a quantum well. The quantum size effects take place when the size of a region in at least one of the directions (the direction of growth in the case of semiconductor heterostructure quantum wells - the transverse direction) becomes comparable to the de Broglie wavelength of the carriers (electrons and holes in a semiconductor), resulting in a discrete energy spectrum for them.

Semiconductor quantum wells can be realized in double heterostructures. The double heterostructure concept was proposed in 1963 independently by Herbert Kroemer and by Zhores Alferov and Rudolf Kazarinov.