hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bedervale
Bedervale is a heritage-listed colonial homestead in Braidwood, New South Wales, Australia. The house was designed by John Verge and was completed in 1842.

Bedervale is owned privately and the homestead's contents were purchased by the National Trust of Australia (NSW) to maintain the interior collection. The garden is also historically significant as it contains many plantings dating from the 19th century and the orchard contains older varieties of fruit trees. There is also a cemetery on the estate which has historical importance. The homestead was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

National Trust of Australia
The National Trust of Australia, officially the Australian Council of National Trusts (ACNT), is the Australian national peak body for community-based, non-government non-profit organisations committed to promoting and conserving Australia's Indigenous, natural and historic heritage. The umbrella body was incorporated in 1965, with member organisations in every state and territory of Australia.
Churchill's Leopards
Churchill's Leopards (Italian: I leopardi di Churchill, Spanish: Los Leopardos de Churchill) is a 1970 Italian-Spanish "macaroni combat" war film directed by Maurizio Pradeaux and starring Richard Harrison and Klaus Kinski.

Maurizio Pradeaux
Maurizio Pradeaux (16 April 1931 – 1 July 2022) was an Italian film director and screenwriter. He began his career as a production assistant, working with Emimmo Salvi.

Ramon the Mexican, a western, which was released in 1967, was his debut as a film director. He wrote the screenplays for all the films he directed. Many fell into the category known in Italian as giallo ('yellow'), which defines a style of mystery and detective fiction and films.
A Plan of the English Commerce
A Plan of the English Commerce: Being a Compleat Prospect of the Trade of This Nation, As Well the Home Trade As the Foreign is perhaps chief among Daniel Defoe's  tracts dealing with economic issues. In it he argues that the employment of labour on the working up of domestic produce, particularly wool, would be the true path to prosperity.

Daniel Defoe
Daniel Defoe (/dɪˈfoʊ/ c. 1660 – 24 April 1731) was an English writer, journalist, merchant and spy. He is famous for his novels Robinson Crusoe (1719), Moll Flanders (1722) and Roxana: The Fortunate Mistress (1724). He has been seen as one of the earliest proponents of the English novel, and helped to popularise the form in Britain with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson. Defoe wrote many political tracts, was often in trouble with the authorities, and spent a period in prison. Intellectuals and political leaders paid attention to his fresh ideas and sometimes consulted him.
2021 Birmingham Bowl
The 2021 Birmingham Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 28, 2021, with kickoff at 12:00 p.m. EST (11:00 a.m. local CST) and televised on ESPN. It was the 15th edition of the Birmingham Bowl (after the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and was one of the 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. Sponsored by the TicketSmarter ticket sales company, the game was officially known as the TicketSmarter Birmingham Bowl. This was the first edition of the bowl played at Protective Stadium.

Protective Stadium
Protective Stadium is an outdoor multi-purpose stadium located in downtown Birmingham, Alabama, United States. It is owned and operated by the Birmingham-Jefferson Civic Center Authority (BJCC). The stadium officially opened in 2021 and is named for Protective Life, a financial services holding company based in Birmingham, under a 15-year naming rights agreement worth $1 million annually.

The stadium serves as the home venue for the UAB Blazers football team, the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL), and Birmingham Legion FC of the USL Championship. It also hosts the annual Birmingham Bowl, a post-season college football bowl game.

The stadium was constructed as part of a larger redevelopment plan for downtown Birmingham and has quickly become a central hub for sports and entertainment events in the region.
Vladimir Ivanov (footballer, born 1973)
Vladimir Ivanov (Bulgarian: Владимир Иванов; born 6 February 1973) is a former Bulgarian footballer who played as a defender. He is also known as "Fugata" (Bulgarian: Фугата).  On 3 November 2016, following the departure of Aleksandr Tarkhanov, Ivanov was appointed as permanent manager. However, following a streak of poor results, on 11 May 2017 he was demoted to assistant of the newly appointed manager Zlatomir Zagorčić.

In his playing career Ivanov played for Slavia Sofia, Levski Sofia, Lokomotiv Sofia, Lokomotiv Plovdiv and German Borussia Mönchengladbach.

He was part of the Bulgarian 2004 European Football Championship team, who exited in the first round, finishing bottom of Group C, having finished top of Qualifying Group 8 in the pre-tournament phase.

PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv
PFC Lokomotiv Plovdiv (Bulgarian: ПФК Локомотив Пловдив), commonly known as Loko Plovdiv, is a Bulgarian professional association football club based in Plovdiv. Lokomotiv's home ground is the Lokomotiv Stadium which is situated in Lauta Park and has a capacity of 14,500 spectators.

Founded on 25 July 1926, Lokomotiv is one of the most popular teams in Bulgaria and currently competes in the top-flight First Professional Football League, which they have won once (in 2004). Lokomotiv Plovdiv has won also 2 Bulgarian Cups, 2 Bulgarian Supercups and 1 Cup of the Soviet Army. The biggest success of the club in Europe is reaching the third round of the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1965, after narrowly losing to the Italian Juventus in a play-off match.

Lokomotiv have a fierce local rivalry with fellow Plovdiv-based team Botev Plovdiv. Matches between the two sides are known as the Plovdiv derby.
Mikolin
Mikolin [miˈkɔlin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lewin Brzeski, within Brzeg County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The name of the village comes from the name Mikołaj (Nicholas).

During World War II, on 21 January 1945, a German-organized death march of Allied prisoners of war from the Stalag Luft 7 POW camp passed through the village.

Gmina Lewin Brzeski
Gmina Lewin Brzeski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Brzeg County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Lewin Brzeski, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Brzeg and 25 km (16 mi) north-west of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 159.7 square kilometres (61.7 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 12,968.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Stobrawa Landscape Park.
Manistique Township, Michigan
Manistique Township is a civil township of Schoolcraft County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,045 in 2020. The township is adjacent to the city of Manistique, but the two are administered autonomously.

Schoolcraft County, Michigan
Schoolcraft County (/ˈskuːlkræft/ SKOOL-kraft) is a county located in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,047, making it Michigan's fourth-least populous county. The county seat is Manistique, which lies along the northern shore of Lake Michigan. The county is named in honor of Henry Schoolcraft, who explored the area with the expedition of Lewis Cass. The county was founded in 1843 and organized in 1876. The county is largely rural and forested, with much of its western portion within Hiawatha National Forest.
Natural regions of Burundi
The Natural regions of Burundi (French: Régions naturelles du Burundi) are geographical subdivisions of Burundi that date to colonial times.
They can be broadly grouped into the Plain zone in the west beside Lake Tanganyika and the East African Rift valley, the Congo-Nile ridge, the Central Plateaus and the Depressions to the north, east and south of the plateaus.

Bururi Province
Bururi was one of the provinces of Burundi. It was formerly Burundi's largest province until the communes of Burambi, Buyengero and Rumonge were transferred to the province of Rumonge when it was created in 2015. In 2025, Bururi was merged into the new province of Burunga.
Details (magazine)
Details (stylized in all caps) was an American monthly men's magazine that was published by Condé Nast, founded in 1982 by Annie Flanders. Though primarily a magazine devoted to fashion and lifestyle, Details also featured reports on relevant social and political issues. In November 2015 Condé Nast announced that the magazine would cease publication with the issue of December 2015/January 2016.

Joe Sacco
Joe Sacco (/ˈsækoʊ/; born October 2, 1960) is a Maltese-American cartoonist and journalist. He is credited as the first artist to practice rigorous, investigative journalism using the comics form, also referred to as comics journalism. His work documenting Palestinian life in Gaza and the West Bank  was awarded the National Book Award in 1996 and was compiled in the graphic narrative Palestine (2001). His other notable monographs include Footnotes in Gaza (2009) which won a Ridenhour Book Prize. Other notable works include Safe Area Goražde (2000) and The Fixer (2003) on the Bosnian War. In 2020, Sacco released Paying the Land, published by Henry Holt and Company.
Learning to Fly (video)
Learning to Fly: Creating the Video and Concert, commonly referred to as Learning to Fly, is the third long-form video by American singer Hilary Duff. It was released on November 16, 2004, by Hollywood Records. The DVD takes a behind-the-scenes look at the making of Duff's "Fly" music video filmed at Worcester's Centrum Centre in Worcester, Massachusetts during rehearsal for her Most Wanted Tour. At the end of the DVD, the "Fly" music video is also featured. Prior to its DVD release in November, the production aired as a television special on Nickelodeon on September 26, 2004, in promotion of Duff's self-titled album released two days later in the United States.

Fly (Hilary Duff song)
"Fly" is a song recorded by the American singer Hilary Duff for her self-titled third studio album (2004). Kara DioGuardi co-wrote the track with its producer John Shanks. "Fly" was released on August 10, 2004, via Hollywood Records as the album's lead single. It was re-released on March 13, 2006, via Angel Records, in the United Kingdom as the third and final single from Duff's first compilation album, Most Wanted (2005).

The single received a positive reception from critics. Commercially, it reached the top 30 in Australia, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Scotland, and the United Kingdom. An accompanying music video contains rehearsal footage and a live performance of the track.
The Babes in the Wood
The Babes in the Wood is a 2002 novel by British crime-writer Ruth Rendell. It is the 19th entry in the popular Inspector Wexford series, and is set, as usual, in Kingsmarkham. In 2003, it was selected by The New York Times as one of the top five crime novels of the year.

Ruth Rendell
Ruth Barbara Rendell, Baroness Rendell of Babergh, CBE (née Grasemann; 17 February 1930 – 2 May 2015) was an English author of thrillers and psychological murder mysteries.

Rendell is best known for creating Chief Inspector Wexford. A second string of works was a series of unrelated crime novels that explored the psychological background of criminals and their victims. This theme was developed further in a third series of novels, published under the pseudonym Barbara Vine.

Rendell has sold an estimated 20 million copies of her novels.
Hovgaard Island (Greenland)
Hovgaard Island (Danish: Hovgaard Ø) is a large uninhabited island of the Greenland Sea, Greenland. The island was named after Andreas Hovgaard, a polar explorer and officer of the Danish Navy who led an expedition to the Kara Sea on steamship Dijmphna in 1882–83.

Polar climate prevails in Hovgaard Island. The average annual temperature in the area is -17 °C. The warmest month is July when the average temperature reaches -2 °C and the coldest is February when the temperature sinks to -29 °C.

Dijmphna
Dijmphna was as schooner-rigged steamship, built in 1871 in Sweden and named Linköping. During her first years Linköping sailed as a merchant in the North Sea and the Baltic but was sold in 1882 to the wealthy coffee trader and businessman Antoine Cyrille Frederik Gamél in Copenhagen. The ship was renamed Dijmphna in memory of Gamèl's mother, Maria Dijmphna Verves, reinforced for sailing in ice and equipped as polar expedition vessel, all paid for by Gamèl.
Anne Rasa
Olwen Anne Elisabeth Rasa (1940 – 15 November 2020) was a British ethologist, known for her long-duration study of the social behaviour of the dwarf mongoose in Kenya. She had studied aggression among coral reef fish under the pioneering ethologist Konrad Lorenz. Her fieldwork in Kenya's Taru Desert led to a book, Mongoose Watch: A Family Observed, and to a popular German television series, Expedition ins Tierreich. She later studied social behaviour in the yellow mongoose and the sub-social tenebrionid beetle Parastizopus armaticeps.

Common dwarf mongoose
The common dwarf mongoose (Helogale parvula) is a mongoose species native to Angola, northern Botswana, northern Namibia, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, Zambia and East Africa. It is part of the genus Helogale, along with the Ethiopian dwarf mongoose.
Maudheim medal
The Maudheim medal (Maudheimmedaljen) was instituted by King Haakon VII of Norway on 14 November 1951 in honor of the members of the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1949–1952, awarded to the participants of the expedition.  This expedition was the first to Antarctica involving an international team of scientists. During the expedition, a base known as Maudheim was established on the Quar Ice Shelf along the coast of Queen Maud Land in February 1950. The medal itself is the same as the King's Medal of Merit in Silver with the addition of a silver buckle on the ribbon with the inscription "MAUDHEIM 1949-1952". Only 18 people were awarded with the Maudheim Medal.

Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition
The Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (also known as NBSX or NBSAE) (1949–1952) was the first Antarctica expedition involving an international team of scientists. The team members came from Norway, Sweden and the British Commonwealth of Nations.
John Plowman
John Plowman (c.1773–1843) was an English architect based in Oxford. His younger son John Plowman (1807–1871) also worked on buildings on Oxford, leading to issues with attribution.

From 1812 until 1837 Plowman worked in partnership with the builder, civil engineer and architect Daniel Harris, whose foreman he had been.

John Plowman the younger was in partnership with Isaac Luck, until 1850; Luck emigrated to Christchurch in New Zealand in 1851.

Isaac Luck
Isaac Luck (12 May 1817 – 15 December 1881) was a New Zealand architect. A professional builder, he arrived in Lyttelton on the Steadfast in 1851.  He was the third chairman of the Christchurch Town Council.  He was the brother-in-law of and in partnership with Benjamin Mountfort, and was the less well-known architectural partner for the design of the Canterbury Provincial Council Buildings.
Arthur 2: On the Rocks
Arthur 2: On the Rocks is a 1988 American romantic comedy film and the sequel to the 1981 film Arthur. Dudley Moore, Liza Minnelli, John Gielgud, Geraldine Fitzgerald, Stephen Elliott, Thomas Barbour, Ted Ross and Barney Martin reprise their roles with Cynthia Sikes replacing Jill Eikenberry, who was committed to filming L.A. Law at the time, in the role of Susan Johnson. Burt Bacharach also returned to score the film. The soundtrack also features songs by popular artists, including OMD and Kylie Minogue. While still a comedy, On the Rocks is somewhat darker than its predecessor. The film received generally negative reviews and also was a financial disappointment when compared to the more successful original.

Barney Martin
Barney Martin (March 3, 1923 – March 21, 2005) was an American actor, best known for playing Morty Seinfeld, father of Jerry, on the sitcom Seinfeld (1991–1998). He also played supporting roles in Mel Brooks's The Producers (1967), and the Dudley Moore comedy Arthur (1981). He originated the role of Amos Hart (Mr. Cellophane) in the 1976 Broadway production of Chicago.
MV Islamabad
MV Islamabad is the largest general cargo and container ship built in Pakistan at the Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works (KSEW). Islamabad has a capacity of 17,200 tonnes deadweight (DWT).  Built in 1982, the ship is in service with Pakistan National Shipping Corporation.

Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works
The Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Limited (KS&EW Ltd.) is a major defence contractor and shipbuilding company situated in the West Wharf in Karachi, Sindh in Pakistan.

The KSEW Ltd. is sponsored and owned entirely by the Ministry of Defence Production whose corporate leadership comes directly from the Navy HQ of the Pakistan Navy. With Pakistan Navy being its primary customer, the KSEW Ltd. also has contracts with the National Shipping Corporation, Karachi Port Trust, Port Qasim Authority, and with a wide range of customers in the private sector in Pakistan.

The current managing director of KS&EW is Rear Admiral Salman Ilyas. Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works acquired the ISO 9001 certification in 2000.
U. Rama Rao
Udipi Rama Rau or U. Rama Rau (17 September 1874 - 12 May 1952) was an Indian politician from the Madras Presidency. He belonged to the Indian National Congress.

He was a medical doctor by profession and was the founder of a medical journal called Antiseptic along with T. M. Nair. He was one of the co-founders and later president of the Indian Medical Association. He served as a councilor in the Madras Corporation and in 1927 became a member of the Madras Legislative Council. He played a significant role in setting up the Madras Music Academy and served as its president in 1935. He was also nominated to the upper house of the Central Legislature of British India - the Council of State. During 1937–45, he served as the chairman of the upper house of the Madras legislature. His son U. Krishna Rau was also a doctor and politician. Rama Rau is also the great grandfather of Arvind Adiga.

Madras Music Academy
Madras Music Academy is one of the earliest established music academies in South India. Before the concept of infrastructure was introduced to India in the early 1920s, it was a gathering for elite musicians simply called (and is still more commonly referred to as) Music Academy (Tamil: சங்கீத வித்வத் சபை, sangeetha vidhwadh sabai) It plays an important role in encouraging and promoting primarily the Carnatic Music Indian art form. It played a vital role in the revival of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatnatyam in the 1930s when it faced near extinction due to a negative connotation caused by conservative societal standards.

They also run a music school called the Teachers college of Carnatic Music which has many eminent musicians on its faculty. Musicians such as Tiger Varadachariar, Appa Iyer, Valadi Krishnaiyer and Mudicondan Venkatarama Iyer adorned the chair of Principal of the Teacher's College.
Liverpool Institute High School for Boys
The Liverpool Institute High School for Boys was an all-boys grammar school in the English port city of Liverpool.

The school had its origins in 1825 but occupied different premises while the money was found to build a dedicated building on Mount Street. The institute was first known as the Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts. In 1832 the name was shortened to the Liverpool Mechanics' Institution. The façade of the listed building, the entrance hall and modified school hall remain after substantial internal reconstruction was completed in the early 1990s.

Liverpool John Moores University
Liverpool John Moores University (abbreviated LJMU) is a public research university in the city of Liverpool, United Kingdom. The university can trace its origins to the Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts, established in 1823. This later merged to become Liverpool Polytechnic. In 1992, following an Act of Parliament, the Liverpool Polytechnic became what is now Liverpool John Moores University. It is named after Sir John Moores, a local businessman and philanthropist, who donated to the university's precursor institutions.

The university had 25,050 students in 2024/25, of which 20,105 are undergraduate students and 4,945 are postgraduate, making it the 30th largest university in the UK by total student population.

It is a member of the AACSB, MillionPlus, the Northern Consortium and the European University Association.
Vicars Shield
The Vicars Shield was a professional team golf competition between the states of Australia. It was first played in 1930 and continued as an interstate event until 1956. It was the professional equivalent of the amateur Australian Men's Interstate Teams Matches, which had been held since 1904. The trophy was donated by Sir William Vicars.

In 1957 and 1958, the event was replaced with a "north" against "south" match before being abandoned. The shield was later reused for the interstate club professionals' competition, as part of the Australian Club Professional Championship.

Jack Harris (golfer)
John Bruce Harris (8 December 1922 – 22 August 2014) was an Australian professional golfer. As a club professional he taught thousands of golfers and as a player he won 90 professional tournaments on the Australian golf circuit. Harris also served six years in the Australian Army during the Second World War. Harris won a record six Victorian PGA Championship titles from 1950 to 1963 and the Victorian PGA Championship trophy is named the "Jack Harris Cup" in his honour.
Odem-Edroy Independent School District
Odem-Edroy Independent School District is a public school district based in Odem, Texas (USA).

In addition to Odem, the district serves the communities of Edroy and Bethel.

Odem-Edroy ISD has four campuses: Odem High School (Grades 9–12), Odem Junior High (Grades 6–8), Odem Intermediate (Grades 3–5), and Odem Elementary (PK-2).

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

As of the 2021-2022 school year, the district serves 839 students and has a student-teacher ratio of 12.08.

Odem High School
Odem High School is a public high school located in the city of Odem, Texas, in San Patricio County, United States and classified as a 3A school by the UIL. It is a part of the Odem-Edroy Independent School District located in east central San Patricio County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.
Qapal (river)
The Qapal (Kazakh: Қапал, Qapal) is a river of Almaty Province, south-eastern Kazakhstan. It is a tributary of the Qyzylaghash, which ends in the plains south of Lake Balkhash. The main settlement on the river is the village Qapal.

Qapal
Qapal (Kazakh: Қапал), formerly known as Kopal (Russian: Копал), is a village in Aksu District in Jetisu Region of south-eastern Kazakhstan. It is situated on the river Qapal. Until 1921, it was an uyezd center of the Semirechye Oblast.