hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Observatory, Johannesburg
Observatory is a suburb in Johannesburg's east and is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality; it borders the suburbs of Houghton Estate, Cyrildene, Linksfield, Bellevue, Bellevue East and Dewetshof.

Dewetshof
Dewetshof is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa.

It lies around 5.5 km northeast of City Hall between Observatory and Cyrildene, north of Observatory Hill. It borders Bezuidenhout Valley on the southwest, Kensington on the south, and Bruma on the southeast. In November 2017, the real estate website property24.com listed 23 homes for sale in Dewetshof, 15 selling for more than R2 million. The most expensive was R3.85 million and the cheapest at R1.39 million.
Hypsocormus
Hypsocormus (from Greek: ῠ̔́ψος húpsos, 'height' and Greek: κορμός kormós 'timber log') is an extinct genus of pachycormid fish from the Middle to Late Jurassic of Europe. Fossils have been found in Germany, France and the UK.

Pachycormiformes
Pachycormiformes is an extinct order of marine ray-finned fish known from the Early Jurassic to the end of the Cretaceous. It only includes a single family, Pachycormidae. They were characterized by having serrated pectoral fins (though more recent studies demonstrated that fin shape diversity in this group was high), reduced pelvic fins and a bony rostrum. Pachycormiformes are morphologically diverse, containing both tuna and swordfish-like carnivorous forms, as well as edentulous suspension-feeding forms.
Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.

Fried egg
A fried egg is a cooked dish made from one or more eggs which are removed from their shells and placed into a frying pan and cooked. They are traditionally eaten for breakfast or brunch in many countries but may also be served at other times of the day.
Marin Dokuzovski
Marin Dokuzovski (Macedonian: Марин Докузовски; born 14 July 1960 in Skopje) is a Macedonian  professional basketball coach who currently is the head coach of MKK Kumanovo in the Macedonian First League.

KK Rabotnički
KK Rabotnički (Macedonian: КК Работнички) is a basketball club based in Skopje, North Macedonia. They currently play in the Macedonian First League and ABA League Second Division. The club has won the Macedonian championship 15 times and the Macedonian Cup 10 times.
Chengbu Miao Autonomous County
Chengbu Miao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 城步苗族自治县; traditional Chinese: 城步苗族自治縣; pinyin: Chéngbù Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn), usually referred to as Chengbu County (simplified Chinese: 城步县; traditional Chinese: 城步縣; pinyin: Chéngbù Xiàn) or abbreviated just as Chengbu, is an autonomous county of Miao people in the Province of Hunan, China. It is under the administration of Shaoyang City.

Located on the south western margin of Hunan, the county is bordered to the northeast by Wugang City, to the northwest by Suining County, to the southwest by Longsheng Autonomous County of Guangxi, to the southeast by Ziyuan County of Guangxi, and to the south by Xinning County. Chengbu County covers an area of 2,647 km2 (1,022 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 285,845 and a permanent resident population of 262,245. The county has six towns and six townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Chengbei Community of Rulin Town (儒林镇城北社区).

Longsheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County
Longsheng Various Nationalities Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 龙胜各族自治县; traditional Chinese: 龍勝各族自治縣; pinyin: Lóngshèng Gèzú Zìzhìxiàn; Zhuang: Lungzhingz Gakcuz Swciyen; usually referred to as "Longsheng County" 龙胜县; 龍勝縣) is a county in the northeast of Guangxi, China, bordering Hunan Province to the north. It is under the administration of Guilin City. The county covers 2,538 km2 (980 sq mi), and as of 2019 it had a census registered population of 186,000. The county has six towns and four townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is the town of Longsheng.
Tmutarakan
Tmutarakan (Russian: Тмутарака́нь, romanized: Tmutarakán', IPA: [tmʊtərɐˈkanʲ]; Old East Slavic: Тъмуторокань, romanized: Tǔmutorokanǐ) was a medieval principality of Kievan Rus' and trading town that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov, between the late 10th and 11th centuries. Its site was the ancient Greek colony of Hermonassa (Ancient Greek: Ἑρμώνασσα) founded in the mid 6th century BCE, by Mytilene (Lesbos), situated on the Taman peninsula, in present-day Krasnodar Krai, Russia, roughly opposite Kerch. The Khazar fortress of Tamantarkhan (from which the Byzantine name for the city, Tamatarcha, is derived) was built on the site in the 7th century, and became known as Tmutarakan when it came under the control of Kievan Rus'.

Taman Peninsula
The Taman Peninsula (Russian: Таманский полуостров, IPA: [tɐˈmanskʲɪj pəlʊˈostrəf]) is a peninsula in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, which borders the Sea of Azov to the north, the Kerch Strait to the west  and the Black Sea to the south.
Gomphus (dragonfly)
Gomphus is a genus of clubtail dragonflies in the family Gomphidae.

As a result of phylogenetic studies, Gomphus subgenera Gomphurus, Hylogomphus, Phanogomphus, and Stenogomphurus were elevated in rank to genus in 2017. With the removal of their member species, Gomphus ended up with 11 of its previous 54 species, none of which are found in the Western Hemisphere.

Gomphurus
Gomphurus is a genus of clubtails in the family of dragonflies known as Gomphidae. There are about 13 described species in Gomphurus.

Gomphurus was formerly considered a subgenus of Gomphus, but has recently been promoted to genus rank along with Phanogomphus, Stenogomphurus and Hylogomphus.
Dumfries Academy
Dumfries Academy is one of four secondary schools in Dumfries in south west Scotland. It is a state funded secondary Co-ed school.
The schools moto is "doctrina promovet" which translates from Latin to "learning promotes" which the school emphases within their "vision, values and aims".  There are two notable buildings; the Minerva Building 1895-7 by F J C Carruthers and a later building by County Architect John R Hill, 1936.

Dumfries
Dumfries (Scots: /dʌmˈfriːs/ ⓘ dum-FREESS; from Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phris Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˌt̪un ˈfɾʲiʃ]) is a market town and former royal burgh in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, near the mouth of the River Nith on the Solway Firth, 25 miles (40 km) from the Anglo-Scottish border. Dumfries is the county town of the historic county of Dumfriesshire.

Before becoming King of Scots, Robert the Bruce killed his rival John Comyn III of Badenoch at Greyfriars Kirk in the town in 1306. The Young Pretender had his headquarters here towards the end of 1745. In World War II, the Norwegian armed forces in exile in Britain largely consisted of a brigade in Dumfries.

Dumfries is nicknamed Queen of the South. This is also the name of the town's football club. People from Dumfries are known colloquially in Scots language as Doonhamers.
Bantay
Bantay, officially the Municipality of Bantay (Ilocano: Ili ti Bantay; Filipino: Bayan ng Bantay), is a municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 37,088 people.

Magsingal
Magsingal, officially the Municipality of Magsingal (Ilocano: Ili ti Magsingal; Tagalog: Bayan ng Magsingal) is a 1st class municipality in the province of Ilocos Sur, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 31,970 people.
Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway
The Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&WR) was a railway company in England. It built a line from Wolvercot Junction near Oxford to Worcester, Stourbridge, Dudley and Wolverhampton, as well as some branches. 
It was known locally as the "Old Worse & Worse" due to the perpetual mismanagement of the line leading to poor public perception, and due to the acronym of its name (OW&W).

Its main line was opened in stages between 1852 and 1853. When the West Midland Railway (WMR) was formed by amalgamation in 1860, the OW&WR was the dominant partner, but the West Midland company amalgamated with the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1863. Several branches and extensions were built in the West Midlands, and the main line was developed as an important trunk route.
Much of the original main line is in use at present.

Severn Valley Railway
The Severn Valley Railway is a standard-gauge heritage railway in Shropshire and Worcestershire, England. The 16-mile (26 km) single-track line runs from Bridgnorth to Kidderminster, calling at four intermediate stations and three request stops ("halts"), following the course of the River Severn along the Severn Valley for much of its route, and crossing the river on the historic Victoria Bridge. Train services are hauled by a mixture of steam and heritage diesel locomotives and are often composed of restored heritage carriages, though goods trains are run on special occasions. The railway operates most weekends and holidays throughout its running season, it also holds events featuring more intensive operation, such as steam and diesel galas.
Gopali
Gopali  is a village situated in the Deoband Mandal, of Saharanpur District, Uttar Pradesh, India. The village 11.08 kilometres from its Mandal headquarters at Deoband.

Villages nearby include Kendki (1.8 km), Thitki (2.0 km), Tighri (2.0 km), Fulasi (2.4 km), Kuralki (3.2 km), Fulas Akbarpur (3.3 km) and Rajupur (4.1 km).

Tighri
Tigri  is a village situated in the Deoband Mandal of Saharanpur District in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The village is 10.43 kilometres (6.48 mi) from its Mandal headquarters at Deoband.

Villages nearby include Fulasi (1.5 km), Gopali (2.0 km), Rajupur (2.1 km), Fulas Akbarpur (2.2 km), Dudhali (2.3 km), Thitki (2.9 km), and Zahirpur (3.3 km).
Aston on Clun
Aston on Clun is a village in south Shropshire, England.

It lies near to the River Clun, with the brook from Hopesay flowing through the village itself, and is on the B4368 road between the towns of Clun and Craven Arms. The village of Broome, which has a railway station, is also close by. It is in the civil parish of Hopesay.

Broome, Shropshire
Broome (/bruːm/) (historically: Broom) is a small village in south Shropshire, England.

It has a railway station on the Heart of Wales Line, and is near to Aston on Clun, Clungunford and the small market town of Craven Arms. There is a pub — the Engine and Tender — currently closed. The River Clun flows nearby.

It is part of the civil parish of Hopesay.
The Dream (1966 film)
The Dream or Dream (Serbo-Croatian: San, Serbian Cyrillic: Сан) is a 1966 Yugoslav war film written and directed by Serbian director Puriša Đorđević. It is the second entry in Đorđević's wartime tetralogy, the other three being The Girl (1965), The Morning (1967) and Noon (1968). It belongs to the Yugoslav Black Wave movement. The film entered the competition at the 17th Berlin International Film Festival.

The Girl (1965 film)
The Girl (Serbo-Croatian: Devojka, Serbian Cyrillic: Девојка) is a 1965 Yugoslav film written and directed by Serbian director Puriša Đorđević. It is the first instance of events from the Second World War and the immediate post-war period being shown via unconventional art film techniques in Yugoslavia. It is the first entry in Đorđević's wartime tetralogy, the other three being The Dream (1966), The Morning (1967) and Noon (1968). The film belongs to the Yugoslav Black Wave movement.
Pā
The word pā (Māori pronunciation: [ˈpaː]; often spelled pa in English) can refer to any Māori village or defensive settlement, but often refers to hillforts – fortified settlements with palisades and defensive terraces – and also to fortified villages. Pā sites occur mainly in the North Island of New Zealand, north of Lake Taupō. Over 5,000 sites have been located, photographed and examined, although few have been subject to detailed analysis. Variations similar to pā occur throughout central Polynesia, in the islands of Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas Islands.

In Māori culture, a great pā represented the mana (prestige or power) and strategic ability of an iwi (tribe or tribal confederacy), as personified by a rangatira (chieftain). Māori built pā in various defensible locations around the territory (rohe) of an iwi to protect fertile plantation-sites and food supplies.

Prehistoric storage pits
Storage pits are underground cists that were used historically to protect the seeds for the following year's crops, and to stop surplus food from being eaten by insects and rodents.  These underground pits were sometimes lined and covered, for example with slabs of stone and bark and tightly sealed with adobe.
Lady Pansy Lamb
Lady Margaret Pansy Felicia Lamb, known as Lady Pansy Lamb (18 May 1904 – 19 February 1999), was an English writer under her maiden name of Pansy Pakenham. A novelist, biographer, and translator of French poetry, she was the wife of the Australian-born painter Henry Lamb.

Valentine Lamb
Valentine "Val" Edward Martin Lamb (26 January 1939 – 24 April 2015) was a British journalist who was editor of The Irish Field.

Editor of his magazine for 33 years, from 1970 to 2003, on his death in 2015 an obituary called Lamb “a highly respected figure on the Irish racing and bloodstock scene”.

Valentine Lamb was the son of the artist Henry Lamb and his wife Lady Pansy Pakenham.
Longpi
Longpi (pronounced "long-pee") is a general reference to two villages (Longpi Kajui and Longpi Khullen) in the Ukhrul District of the Indian state of Manipur. Longpi is about 37 kilometres (23 mi) north of Ukhrul, connected by National Highway 202 (Imphal–Kohima via Ukhrul and Jessami Highway). The two villages together have a population of over 8,000.

Longpi is flanked by Nungbi Khullen in the east Sihai in the southeast, Lunghar in the south, Phungcham, Paorei, Peh in the west and Kalhang in the North.

Kalhang
Kalhang is a village located north of Ukhrul in Ukhrul district, Manipur state, India. The village is approximately 39 kilometers from Ukhrul. National Highway 150 Imphal-Kohima via Jessami passes through the village. Kalhang is one of the villages that used to make indigenous salt from natural salt springs and supply to other Tangkhul villages before the introduction of common salt. The village is flanked by Phungcham and Peh in the west, Khamasom in the east, Longpi in the south and Kuirei in the North. Locally inhabitants speak Kansang dialect which belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family.
The Citadel (1960 film)
The Citadel is a 1960 American television film adaptation of A. J. Cronin's 1937 novel The Citadel.  It was written by Dale Wasserman and directed by Paul Bogart. It starred James Donald as Dr. Manson and Ann Blyth as Christine Barlow.

Other television versions of The Citadel include two British serials (1960 and 1983), and two Italian adaptations (1964 and 2003).

The Citadel (1960 TV series)
The Citadel is a 1960 British television adaptation of A. J. Cronin's 1937 novel, The Citadel. The series was directed by John Frankau and produced by Peter Graham Scott. It starred Eric Lander as Dr. Andrew Manson, and Zena Walker as Christine, his wife. This television adaptation is entirely missing, i.e. all nine episodes are believed to be lost.

Other television versions include an American television film (1960), another British serial (1983), and two Italian (1964 and 2003) adaptations.
Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum
Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum (Old Norse for "Of Fornjót and His Kinsmen") is legendary saga consisting of a collection of three works on the foundation of Norway:

Hversu Noregr byggðist ("How Norway was inhabited")

Fundinn Noregr ("Foundation of Norway")

Af Upplendinga konungum ("Of the Kings of the Uplands")

Legendary saga
A legendary saga or fornaldarsaga (literally, "story/history of the ancient era") is a Norse saga that, unlike the Icelanders' sagas, takes place before the settlement of Iceland. There are some exceptions, such as Yngvars saga víðförla, which takes place in the 11th century. The sagas were probably all written in Iceland, from about the middle of the 13th century to about 1400, although it is possible that some may be of a later date, such as Hrólfs saga kraka.
3rd Anti-Aircraft Division (United Kingdom)
The 3rd Anti-Aircraft Division was an air defence formation of the Territorial Army, part of the British Army, created in the period of tension before the outbreak of the Second World War. It defended Scotland and Northern Ireland during the early part of the war.

100th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
100th Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, was a Scottish air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed at Motherwell during the period of international tension leading up to the outbreak of World War II. It defended Glasgow during the early part of the war and then took part in the assault landings in Sicily (Operation Husky) and on mainland Italy (Operation Avalanche). The regiment continued in the postwar TA until amalgamated in 1950.
Lit Killah
Mauro Román Monzón (born October 4, 1999), known professionally as Lit Killah (often stylized as LIT killah), is an Argentine rapper, singer, songwriter, and streamer. He is known for his participation in freestyle rap battles, he has participated in local competitions in Argentina such as the renowned "El Quinto Escalón" where he competed during 2016 and 2017. In 2018 he started competing in the international freestyle rap competition called "God Level".

His popularity began to grow when in 2018 he released his single "Apaga el Celular". In 2020 he released his most successful single called "Flexin'" with Argentine producer Bizarrap. Both songs have exceeded 100 million views on YouTube.

Bizarrap
Gonzalo Julián Conde (born August 29, 1998), known professionally as Bizarrap or BZRP, is an Argentine record producer, songwriter and DJ. He specializes in EDM, Latin trap and Latin hip-hop. He is known for his BZRP Music Sessions, a series of independent tracks which he records with a wide variety of artists. He was nominated for a Latin Grammy Award for Producer of the Year in 2021 and 2023.
Montalto Pavese
Montalto Pavese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 km south of Milan and about 25 km south of Pavia. As of 1st of January 2025, it had a population of 821 and an area of 19.1 km².

Montalto Pavese borders the following municipalities: Borgo Priolo, Borgoratto Mormorolo, Calvignano, Lirio, Montecalvo Versiggia, Mornico Losana, Oliva Gessi, Pietra de' Giorgi, Rocca de' Giorgi, and Ruino. It is the hometown of Luigi Gatti, the famous restaurateur best known as the manager of the À la Carte restaurant on the RMS Titanic, being one of the numerous victims of the sinking.

Ruino
Ruino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 km south of Milan and about 30 km southeast of Pavia.

The center of the municipality is the village of Pometo. Pometo, whose population numbers  200, is known for bread production.

Ruino borders the following municipalities: Alta Val Tidone, Borgoratto Mormorolo, Canevino, Fortunago, Montalto Pavese, Rocca de' Giorgi, Val di Nizza, Valverde, Zavattarello.
Dahé
Dahé is an arrondissement in the Mono department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Houéyogbé. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 14,622.

Dahé, like many areas of Benin, is home to a constituent monarchy.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Murat Ongun
Murat Ongun (born 21 April 1975) is a Turkish journalist and former spokesperson of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Currently, he was being detained following the arrest of Ekrem Imamoğlu. Ongun served as the Advisor to Mayor of Istanbul of the Metropolitan Municipality. He also the manager of Beylikdüzü Volleyball Specialized Women's Team and the volleyball branch manager.

Arrest of Ekrem İmamoğlu
On 19 March 2025, Istanbul mayor and presidential candidate Ekrem İmamoğlu from the opposition Republican People's Party was detained by Turkish police on suspicion of corruption, extortion, bribery, money laundering, espionage, and supporting terrorism, particularly the PKK.

İmamoğlu was later arrested and sent to Marmara Prison on corruption charges on 23 March 2025  just as he was becoming a serious challenger to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. In the 2025 Republican People's Party presidential primary later that day over 15 million people voted in İmamoğlu's support. His arrest, along with that of more than 100 other people, caused widespread protests and demonstrations over perceived political motivations.

The Council of Europe, European Parliament and Human Rights Watch strongly condemned the detention of İmamoğlu, describing it as against the will of the people. After the detention, anti-government protests began in Turkey.
Karenia mikimotoi
Karenia mikimotoi is a dinoflagellate species from the genus Karenia that can cause a harmful algal bloom. Its first appearance was in Japan in 1935 and since then, it has appeared in other parts of the world such as the east coast of the United States, Norway, the English Channel, and southern Australia.

Karenia (dinoflagellate)
Karenia is a genus that consists of unicellular, photosynthetic, planktonic organisms found in marine environments. The genus currently consists of 12 described species. They are best known for their dense toxic algal blooms and red tides that cause considerable ecological and economical damage; some Karenia species cause severe animal mortality. Two species, Karenia brevis and Karenia cristata, are known to cause respiratory distress and neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) in humans.
Haplogroup N-M231
Haplogroup N (M231) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup defined by the presence of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker M231.

It is most commonly found in males originating from northern Eurasia. It also has been observed at lower frequencies in populations native to other regions, including parts of the Balkans, Central Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia.

However, the basal paragroup N* has only been found in populations indigenous to China and Cambodia. Subclades of N-M231 have been found at low levels in Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, Southwest Asia and the Balkans. These factors tend to suggest that it originated in East Asia or Southeast Asia.

Komi peoples
The Komi (Komi: комияс, romanized: komijas also коми-войтыр, komi-vojtyr) are a Permian ethnic group who are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit a region around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers in northeastern European Russia. They mostly reside in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the Russian Federation.