hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
STV2
STV2 was a British local television network in Scotland, operating five city-based TV licences serving Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dundee, Aberdeen and Ayr. It was owned and operated by STV Group plc.

Initially broadcast as two separate stations – STV Glasgow and STV Edinburgh – the launch of three local licences in Aberdeen, Dundee and Ayr led to the launch of a single networked service on 24 April 2017. In May 2018, it was announced that STV2 would shut down at the end of June 2018 as part of a strategic review. It closed on 30 June 2018.

STV News
STV News is a Scottish news division produced by STV. The news department produces two regional services covering STV's Channel 3 franchise areas of Northern and Central Scotland.

STV News programmes are produced from studios in Glasgow and Aberdeen with reporters also based at newsrooms in Edinburgh, Dundee and Inverness and political correspondents based at Holyrood and Westminster. Freelance correspondents and camera crews are based on the Orkney and Shetland Isles, Wick and Fort William with a permanent Western Isles correspondent based in Stornoway.

In addition to its daily bulletins and online services, STV News also produces the current affairs programme Scotland Tonight, the showbiz magazine show What's On Scotland, along with feature documentaries.
Augusta, Iowa
Augusta is an unincorporated community and census-designated place situated on the Skunk River in Des Moines County, Iowa, United States. It is located 10 miles southwest of Burlington and nine miles north of Fort Madison, off U.S. Route 61 and Iowa Highway 16. The community is part of the Burlington, IA–IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Des Moines County, Iowa
Des Moines County is located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,910, and was estimated to be 38,411 in 2024. The county seat and largest city is Burlington. It is one of Iowa's two original counties along with Dubuque County; both were organized by the Michigan Territorial legislature in 1834. Des Moines County is part of the Burlington micropolitan statistical area.

Des Moines County sits on Iowa's eastern border alongside the Mississippi River. The city of Des Moines is in Polk County in central Iowa. Both places derive their name from the Des Moines River, which flows through the city of Des Moines and originally flowed through the county. When the county was divided early in Iowa's history, the river ended up further west, forming the border between Lee County, Iowa and the state of Missouri.
Sign function
In mathematics, the sign function or signum function (from signum, Latin for "sign") is a function that has the value −1, +1 or 0 according to whether the sign of a given real number is positive or negative, or the given number is itself zero. In mathematical notation the sign function is often represented as  or .

Step function
In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Informally speaking, a step function is a piecewise constant function having only finitely many pieces.
Ragogna
Ragogna (Friulian: Ruvigne) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Udine.

Ragogna borders the following municipalities: Forgaria nel Friuli, Pinzano al Tagliamento, San Daniele del Friuli.

San Daniele del Friuli
San Daniele del Friuli (Friulian: Sant Denêl) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Udine.

San Daniele del Friuli borders these municipalities: Dignano, Forgaria nel Friuli, Majano, Osoppo, Pinzano al Tagliamento, Ragogna, Rive d'Arcano, and Spilimbergo.

San Daniele is best known as the production center of the eponymous prosciutto. The product is celebrated every summer at the end of June during the Aria di Festa.
Sieversandreas
Sieversandreas is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. The only species is Sieversandreas madagascarianus.

It is native to Madagascar.

The genus name of Sieversandreas is in honour of Andreas Sievers (1931–2009), German botanist, director of the university botanical garden in Bonn, professor of cell biology. The Latin specific epithet of madagascarianus means coming from Madagascar, where the plant was found. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia Vol.18 on pages 213-214 in 1996.

Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Striga) were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing Orobanche major and relatives, but neither Paulownia tomentosa nor Phryma leptostachya nor Mazus japonicus.

The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except Lindenbergia, Rehmannia and Triaenophora) are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis.
Tournament selection
Tournament selection is a method of selecting an individual from a population of individuals in a evolutionary algorithm. Tournament selection involves running several "tournaments" among a few individuals (or "chromosomes") chosen at random from the population.  The winner of each tournament (the one with the best fitness) is selected for crossover.  
Selection pressure is then a probabilistic measure of a chromosome's likelihood of participation in the tournament based on the participant selection pool size, is easily adjusted by changing the tournament size. The reason is that if the tournament size is larger, weak individuals have a smaller chance to be selected, because, if a weak individual is selected to be in a tournament, there is a higher probability that a stronger individual is also in that tournament.

Fitness proportionate selection
Fitness proportionate selection, also known as roulette wheel selection or spinning wheel selection, is a selection technique used in evolutionary algorithms for selecting potentially useful solutions for recombination.
Urddalsknuten
Urddalsknuten or Urdalsknuten is a mountain that lies on the border of the municipalities of Sirdal and Valle in Agder county, Norway. The 1,434-metre (4,705 ft) mountain is located in the Setesdalsheiene mountain range. The mountain lies about 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of the village of Valle. The lakes Botnsvatnet, Kolsvatnet, and Rosskreppfjorden surround the mountain to the northeast and south and the mountain Bergeheii lies directly to the north.

Sirdal
Sirdal is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the northwestern part of the traditional district of Lister. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Tonstad. Other villages in Sirdal include Bjørnestad, Haughom, Kvæven, Lunde, and Tjørhom.

The 1,554-square-kilometre (600 sq mi) municipality is the 52nd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sirdal is the 290th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,837. The municipality's population density is 1.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.4/sq mi) and its population has inmcreased by 0.3% over the previous 10-year period.
Njegoševo
Njegoševo (Serbian Cyrillic: Његошево) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bačka Topola municipality, in the North Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 632 people (2002 census).

Bačka Topola
Bačka Topola (Serbian: Бачка Топола, pronounced [bâːtʃkaː topǒla]; Hungarian: Topolya, pronounced [ˈtopojɒ]) is a town and municipality located in the North Bačka District, Vojvodina, Serbia. The municipality is composed of 23 local communities and, according to the 2022 census, has population of 26,228 while the town itself has 11,930 inhabitants. Four official languages are used in the municipality: Serbian, Hungarian, Rusyn, and Slovak.
SN 1997D
SN 1997D, discovered in January 1997 by Duília de Mello in galaxy NGC 1536 in Reticulum constellation is a first clearly identified example of atypical Type II supernova  with a very low luminosity and expansion velocity.

NGC 1536
NGC 1536 is a peculiar barred spiral galaxy located around 57 million light-years away in the constellation Reticulum. It was discovered on December 4th, 1834 by the English astronomer John Herschel, and it has a diameter around 42,000 light-years. NGC 1536 is not known to have much star-formation, and it is not known to have an active galactic nucleus.
Grand Rapids High School
Grand Rapids High School is a four-year public high school located in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, United States, on 800 Conifer Drive. GRHS offers a wide range of extracurricular activities, and has one of the few competitive field show marching band programs north of Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota.

GRHS' Student Council and the school facility served as the host of the 2010 Minnesota Student Council State Convention in April. The Theme was "Survivor Northwoods: Leadership By Nature"

Grand Rapids, Minnesota
Grand Rapids is a city in, and the county seat of, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 11,126 at the 2020 census. The city is named for the 3.5-mile (5.6 km) long rapids in the Mississippi River which was the uppermost limit of practical steamboat travel during the late 19th century. Today the rapids are hidden below the dam of UPM Paper Company.
Hahnenkamm, Kitzbühel
The Hahnenkamm is a mountain in Europe, directly southwest of Kitzbühel in the Kitzbühel Alps of Austria. The elevation of its summit is 1,712 metres (5,617 ft) above sea level.

The Hahnenkamm (German: rooster's comb) is part of the ski resort of Kitzbühel, and hosts an annual World Cup alpine ski race, the Hahnenkammrennen. The most famous slope on the Hahnenkamm is the classic downhill course, the Streif (streak, or stripe), which is regarded as the most demanding race course on the World Cup circuit.  The course features highly technical, "fall-away" turns (reverse bank), many with limited visibility. It also contains several flat gliding sections, immediately preceded by difficult turns, placing a premium on both technical and gliding skills. The Streif is located on the mountain's northeast face which in January is mostly in the shade, adding the difficulty of flat vision to the already exceptionally demanding run.

Kitzbühel Alps
The Kitzbühel Alps (German: Kitzbüheler Alpen or Kitzbühler Alpen) are a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps surrounding the town of Kitzbühel in Tyrol, Austria. Geologically they are part of the western slate zone (greywacke zone).
North Wejinabikun Lake (Ontario)
North Wejinabikun Lake is a lake in the Lake Superior drainage basin in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) long and 0.7 kilometres (0.4 mi) wide and lies at an elevation of 358 metres (1,175 ft). The primary inflow is the Magpie River from Wejinabikun Lake, and the primary outflow is the same river, which flows downstream towards Mosambik Lake, and eventually into Lake Superior.

Mosambik Lake
Mosambik Lake is a lake in the Lake Superior drainage basin in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 5.9 kilometres (3.7 mi) long and 2.0 kilometres (1.2 mi) wide and lies at an elevation of 347 metres (1,138 ft). The primary inflow is the Magpie River from North Wejinabikun Lake on the west side of the lake, and there are several unnamed creek inflows, including one from Kabiskagami Lake on the southwest side. The primary outflow is also the Magpie River, which flows downstream from the north end of the lake towards Esnagi Lake, and eventually into Lake Superior.
St. Louis Regional Airport
St. Louis Regional Airport (IATA: ALN, ICAO: KALN, FAA LID: ALN) is a public airport four miles (6 km) east of Alton, in Madison County, Illinois, United States. It is in the village of Bethalto but its mailing address is East Alton.

Its operations are paid for by an airport taxation district created in 1946, which collects taxes from property owners in the Madison County townships of Alton, Wood River, Foster and Fort Russell.

Bethalto, Illinois
Bethalto is a village in Madison County, Illinois, United States. Bethalto, like the rest of Madison County, is part of the Illinois Metro East portion of the Greater St. Louis metropolitan area.

Early in its history, the village was a railway town along the Terre Haute and Alton Railroad. In the 19th century, industry in the town included milling of grain from local farms and coal mining. In the early 20th century, the railroad was rerouted to go through nearby Edwardsville. By the mid 20th century, the rail industry had pulled out entirely and the village became known as a bedroom town.

At the 2020 census, the population of Bethalto was 9,310.
Glossary of Nazi Germany
This is a list of words, terms, concepts and slogans of Nazi Germany used in the historiography covering the Nazi regime.
Some words were coined by Adolf Hitler and other Nazi Party members. Other words and concepts were borrowed and appropriated, and other terms were already in use during the Weimar Republic. Finally, some are taken from Germany's cultural tradition.

Reich Security Main Office
The Reich Security Main Office (German: Reichssicherheitshauptamt pronounced [ˈʁaɪ̯çsˌzɪçɐhaɪ̯t͡sˌhaʊ̯ptʔamt] ⓘ, RSHA) was an organization under Heinrich Himmler in his dual capacity as Chef der Deutschen Polizei (Chief of German Police) and Reichsführer-SS, the head of the Nazi Party's Schutzstaffel (SS). The organization's stated duty was to fight all "enemies of the Reich" inside and outside the borders of Nazi Germany. From its very inception, the RSHA was a central institution for the Nazis, playing a pivotal role in orchestrating and executing the Holocaust.
The Battle Cats
The Battle Cats is a free-to-play tower defense video game developed and published by Japanese developer PONOS Corporation for iOS and Android, originally released in Japan under the name Nyanko Great War (にゃんこ大戦争, Nyanko Dai Sensō). The Battle Cats debuted on the Japanese iOS App Store in November 2012 under the name Battle cats, with Android support following in December of that same year, and became popular in both Japan and Korea. It later was deleted from both the US Google Play stores and App Store, with an improved version released on 17 September 2014. A Microsoft Windows port was released in August 2017, and was available for download until late 2018, when PONOS Corporation ended support for it. It was ported to the Nintendo 3DS in 2016 and Nintendo Switch in Japan in 2018 and Southeast Asia in 2021.

Tower defense
Tower defense (TD) is a subgenre of strategy games where the goal is to defend a player's territories or possessions by obstructing the enemy attackers or by stopping enemies from reaching the exits, usually achieved by placing defensive structures on or along their path of attack. This typically means building a variety of different structures that serve to automatically block, impede, attack or destroy enemies. Tower defense is seen as a subgenre of real-time strategy video games, due to its real-time origins, even though many modern tower defense games include aspects of turn-based strategy. Strategic choice and positioning of defensive elements is an essential strategy of the genre.
Atimiini
Atimiini is a tribe of beetles in the subfamily Spondylidinae, containing the following genera and species:

Genus Atimia
Atimia confusa (Say, 1826)
Atimia gannoni Hovore & Giesbert, 1974
Atimia helenae Linsley, 1934
Atimia hoppingi Linsley, 1939
Atimia huachucae Champlain & Knull, 1922
Atimia mexicana Linsley, 1934
Atimia vandykei Linsley, 1939

Genus Paratimia
Paratimia conicola Fisher, 1915

Spondylidinae
Spondylidinae (often misspelled "Spondylinae") are a small subfamily of Cerambycidae including slightly over 100 species, primarily in the coniferous forests of the Boreal hemisphere. A few species occur in coniferous forests in tropical and subtropical areas (Mexico, Cuba), while very few genera (e.g., Zamium) are present in Austral Africa and Madagascar (e.g., Masatopus).
Šárka Grossová
Šárka Grossová (born Bobysudová on 6 November 1969) is a Czech entrepreneur, whose husband Stanislav Gross was Prime Minister of the Czech Republic from August 2004 to April 2005. Her opaque business activities contributed to the resignation of her husband Stanislav Gross from the post in April 2005.

Stanislav Gross
Stanislav Gross (Czech pronunciation: [ˈstaɲɪslav ˈɡros]; 30 October 1969 – 16 April 2015) was a Czech lawyer and politician who served as the prime minister of the Czech Republic and leader of the Czech Social Democratic Party from 2004 until 2005 when he resigned as a result of his financial irregularities. He previously served as minister of the Interior in cabinets of Miloš Zeman and Vladimír Špidla from 2000 to 2004. Gross was Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1992 to 2004.

Gross died on 16 April 2015 at the age of 45 from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
1981–82 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1981–82 season was Stoke City's 75th season in the Football League and the 49th in the First Division.

In the Summer of 1981 Alan Durban quit as Stoke manager to take up the same position at Sunderland. His former assistant at Shrewsbury Town, Ritchie Barker was appointed as manager and despite a good start the team were involved in a relegation battle. The arrival of Sammy McIlroy from Manchester United helped Stoke to scrape to survival finishing two points away from the drop zone.

Richie Barker (footballer, born 1939)
Richie Joseph Barker (23 November 1939 – 11 October 2020) was an English footballer and manager who played in the Football League for Derby County, Notts County and Peterborough United. He was also manager of Shrewsbury Town, Stoke City, Notts County, Ethnikos Piraeus (Greece), Zamalek (Egypt) and West Bromwich Albion.

He attended Loughborough Grammar School, and left in 1958.
Rockaway Beach, Missouri
Rockaway Beach is a city in Taney County, Missouri, United States. The population was 829 at the 2020 census. It lies on the shoreline of the White River.

Rockaway Beach is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Branson micropolitan area
The Branson Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area in southwestern Missouri, anchored by the city of Branson, that is coterminous with Taney County. For the 2000 and 2010 censuses, the area was defined to also include Stone County, but the county was removed in the OMB statistical definitions released in 2023.

As of the 2020 census it had a population of 56,066.
Azlan McLennan
Azlan McLennan (born 1975 in the United States) is a visual artist and socialist activist based in Melbourne, Australia. He is a graduate of the Victorian College of the Arts. His art is known for its political content and has been the subject of considerable debate and media attention in Australia.

Victorian College of the Arts Student Union
The Victorian College of the Arts Student Union (VCASU) was the student union of the former Victorian College of the Arts (VCA), now known as the Faculty of VCA and Music (VCAM) in Melbourne, Australia. It was a separately incorporated organisation which represented the VCA student body. It had a strong history of creative student activism and successful political campaigns. VCASU's student newspaper was called Spark. VCASU officially went into voluntary liquidation on 15 May 2009 and shut down operations by 30 June 2009.
El Cerrito del Norte station
El Cerrito del Norte station (Spanish for "The Little Hill of the North") is a Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station located on Cutting Boulevard in El Cerrito, California. The station is served by the Orange and Red lines. Located near San Pablo Avenue and Interstate 80, it serves as a regional transit hub for local AC Transit bus services, and for commuter feeder services from Solano, Napa, and Marin Counties in the North Bay plus western Contra Costa County. Opened in 1973, the station was renovated in 2017–2021 to add additional elevators, stairs, and lobby space.

The station features large parking areas throughout, including surface parking and a four-story parking garage on the east side. There are also reserved bicycle lockers and open air racks available. There is a kiss and ride and taxi zone on the east side of the station.  The Ohlone Greenway runs through the station area.

California State Route 123
State Route 123 (SR 123) is a 7.39-mile (11.89 km) state highway in the U.S. state of California in the San Francisco Bay Area. Named San Pablo Avenue for almost its entire length except for its northernmost 0.10 miles (0.16 km), SR 123 is a major north–south state highway along the flats of the urban East Bay. Route 123 runs between Interstate 580 in Oakland in the south and Interstate 80 at Cutting Boulevard in Richmond in the north. San Pablo Avenue itself, a portion of Historic US 40, continues well past the SR 123 designation south to Downtown Oakland and north to Crockett.
Yukuhashi Station
Yukuhashi Station (行橋駅, Yukuhashi-eki)  is a passenger railway station located in the city of  Yukuhashi, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and the third-sector railway operator Heisei Chikuhō Railway..

Yukuhashi, Fukuoka
Yukuhashi (行橋市, Yukuhashi-shi) is a city located in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, its estimated population is 72,376, and its population density is 1000 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 70.06 km2 (27.05 sq mi).
Thessaloniki Union of Constantinopolitans
The Thessaloniki Union of Constantinopolitans (Greek: Ένωσις Κωνσταντινουπολιτών Θεσσαλονίκης, romanized: Enosis Konstantinoupoliton Thessalonikis) was a social and political association, which was founded by Greek refugees from Constantinople in Thessaloniki on 15 January 1923.

P.A.O.K.
PAOK (Greek: ΠΑΟΚ, Πανθεσσαλονίκειος Αθλητικός Όμιλος Κωνσταντινοπολιτών, Panthessalonikeios Athlitikós Ómilos Constantinopoliton, lit. 'Pan-Thessalonian Athletic Club of Constantinopolitans'), commonly known as A.C. PAOK (Greek: Α.Σ. Π.Α.Ο.Κ.), is a major multi-sports club based in Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. The club has several departments, including football, basketball, volleyball, handball, water polo, swimming, wrestling, ice hockey, and weightlifting. P.A.O.K was founded in April 1926.  Because of its crest, it is also known as the "Double-Headed Eagle of the North", in contrast with AEK, the "Double-Headed Eagle". They are one of the most popular Greek sports-clubs with many fans all over the country (mostly, but not exclusively, in Northern Greece), and also among the Greek diaspora.
London Mills, Illinois
London Mills is a village in Fulton and Knox counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 350 at the 2020 census.

The Fulton County portion of London Mills is part of the Canton Micropolitan Statistical Area and the wider Peoria Consolidated Statistical Area, while the Knox County portion is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Knox County, Illinois
Knox County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 49,967. Its county seat is Galesburg. Knox County comprises the Galesburg, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.