hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minister of Finance (Togo)
This is a list of finance ministers of Togo.

Hospice Coco, 1958–1963

Antoine Meatchi, 1963–1966

Boukari Djobo, 1966

Benoit Bedou, 1966–1967

Boukari Djobo, 1967–1969

Jean Têvi, 1969–1973

Edem Kodjo, 1973–1977

Yao Grunitzky, 1977–1978

Tété Têvi Benissan, 1978–1984

Komlan Alipui, 1984–1988

Yaovi Adodo, 1988–1990

Komlan Alipui, 1990–1991

Elias Kwassivi Kpetigo, 1991–1993

Franck Fianyo, 1993–1994

Elom Emile Dadzie, 1994–1996

Barry Moussa Barque, 1996–1999

Abdoul-Hamid Segoun Tidjani Dourodjaye, 1999–2000

Tankpadja Lalle, 2000–2002

Kossi Assimaidou, 2002

Ayawovi Demba Tignokpa, 2002–2003

Débaba Bale, 2003–2005

Payadowa Boukpessi, 2005–2007

Adji Otèth Ayassor, 2007–2016

Sani Yaya, 2016–2024

Essowè Georges Barcola, 2024-present

Edem Kodjo
Édouard Kodjovi "Edem" Kodjo (23 May 1938 – 11 April 2020), was a Togolese politician and diplomat. He was Secretary-General of the Organisation of African Unity from 1978 to 1983; later, in Togo, he was a prominent opposition leader after the introduction of multi-party politics. He served as Prime Minister from 1994 to 1996 and again from 2005 to 2006. Kodjo was President of the Patriotic Pan-African Convergence (CPP). Kodjo died on 11 April 2020, in Paris.
Cowra railway station
Cowra railway station is a railway station on the Blayney–Demondrille railway line at Cowra, New South Wales, Australia. It is used by the heritage Lachlan Valley Railway.

The station opened on 1 November 1886, initially closing on 25 November 1988.

Blayney–Demondrille railway line
The Blayney–Demondrille railway line is a railway line in New South Wales, Australia. The line is used mainly for grain haulage and is owned by the Transport Asset Manager of New South Wales. However, in 2004 the Australian Rail Track Corporation became responsible for operations over the line. The Lachlan Valley Railway operates heritage trains on a small section of the line at Cowra; it previously also operated general goods trains.

From January 2012, the line was managed by John Holland Rail. Following flooding in 2011 between Cowra and Young, the line remains unusable for most of its length.
Ansei Toashi
Ansei Tōashi or Ansei-no-Tōashi was a footrace open to samurai of the Annaka Domain, of approximately 30 kilometers, during the Ansei era (1854–1860) of Japan. It has been nicknamed the "Samurai Marathon". Though forgotten for a long time, this event was re-instituted in 1955, and has been viewed as a cultural resource since then. Annaka City now holds a long-distance race annually in commemoration of Ansei Tōashi.

Annaka Domain
Annaka Domain (安中藩, Annaka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Kōzuke Province (modern-day Gunma Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Annaka Castle in what is now the city of Annaka, Gunma.
West Haverstraw, New York
West Haverstraw is a village incorporated in 1883 in the town of Haverstraw, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located northwest of Haverstraw village, east of Thiells, south of the hamlet of Stony Point, and west of the Hudson River. The population was 10,165 at the 2010 census. The majority of the hamlet of Garnerville is contained in the village of West Haverstraw.

Joshua Hett Smith House
Joshua Hett Smith House, also known as Treason House, was a historic house in West Haverstraw, New York. It stood on a hill overlooking the King's Ferry at Stony Point, an important crossing of the Hudson River. During the American Revolutionary War, General Benedict Arnold met at the house with British Major John André, while plotting to surrender the fort at West Point. Later, the house had a brief tenure as headquarters for General George Washington.  It was demolished in 1929 to expand a children’s hospital.
Lord Peter Wimsey (radio series)
Lord Peter Wimsey is a series of full cast BBC Radio drama adaptations of Dorothy L. Sayers's Lord Peter Wimsey detective novels broadcast on BBC Radio 4 between 1973 and 1983, with a further adaptation of Gaudy Night mounted for BBC Audiobooks in 2005 to complete the full sequence of Sayers' novels, all starring Ian Carmichael in the title role.

Simon Brett
Simon Anthony Lee Brett OBE FRSL (born 28 October 1945 in Worcester Park, Surrey, England) is a British author of detective fiction, a playwright, and a producer-writer for television and radio. As an author, he is notable for several mystery series. His radio credits have included The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue and Just a Minute.
Direct reduced iron
Direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron by a reducing gas which contains elemental carbon (produced from natural gas or coal) or hydrogen.  When hydrogen is used as the reducing gas, no carbon dioxide is produced. Many ores are suitable for direct reduction.

Direct reduction refers to solid-state processes which reduce iron oxides to metallic iron at temperatures below the melting point of iron. Reduced iron derives its name from these processes, one example being heating iron ore in a furnace at a high temperature of 800 to 1,200 °C (1,470 to 2,190 °F) in the presence of syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) or pure hydrogen.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
Saint Agnes School (Saint Paul, Minnesota)
Saint Agnes School is a Private, Roman Catholic PreK-12 School in the Frogtown Neighborhood of Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is located in the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, and is affiliated with the Church of St. Agnes in Saint Paul.

Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis
The Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (Latin: Archidiœcesis Paulopolitana et Minneapolitana) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the state of Minnesota in the United States. The archbishop has both a cathedral and co-cathedral:

The mother church is the Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul

The co-cathedral is the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis
Office of Population Affairs
The Office of Population Affairs (OPA) is part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health in the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). It is responsible for reproductive health topics, including adolescent pregnancy, family planning, and sterilization, as well as other population issues.

Created by an Act of Congress in 1970, the Office of Population Affairs, under the direction of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Population Affairs (DASPA), has three component offices responsible for the oversight of program functions: Office of Family Planning, Office of Adolescent Pregnancy Programs, and Office of Research and Evaluation.

Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health
The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health (OASH) is a staff office of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). It is led by the assistant secretary for health, who serves as the senior advisor on public health and science issues to the secretary of health and human services. The office serves as the focal point for leadership and coordination across the department in public health and science, provides direction to program offices within OASH, and provides advice and counsel on public health and science issues to the secretary.
Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.

Risalah (fiqh)
Risalah (Arabic: رسالـة) is the Arabic word for treatise. Among the Shia the term is short for a risalah-yi'amaliyyah (Persian: رساله عملیه) or treatise on practical law. These treatises are also known as collections of juridical edicts or clarifications of questions (Arabic: توضيح المسائل). They are usually written by a mujtahid as part of the process of becoming a Marja'-e-Taqlid, i.e. a Grand Ayatollah. These books contain the cleric's practical rulings on the application of Islam to daily life. They are arranged according to topics such as ritual purity, worship, social issues, business, and political affairs. In considering each application they outline the principles and texts used to reach a specific ruling. They are used by a Marja''s followers to conform their behaviour to their interpretation of Islam.
Saddleback Mountain (New South Wales)
Saddleback Mountain is a mountain near Kiama in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The mountain rises to about 600 metres (2,000 ft) above sea level on the Illawarra escarpment and has views of Noorinan Mountain, 662 metres (2,172 ft) above sea level, and Barren Grounds Plateau to the west and south to Coolangatta Mountain and Pigeon House Mountain to Ulladulla, and north over Lake Illawarra, the Illawarra escarpment and to the Cronulla Sandhills and Kurnell Oil Refinery on a clear day.

Coolangatta Mountain
Coolangatta Mountain, also known as Cullunghutti, is a small mountain rising from the Shoalhaven River Plain in New South Wales. It rises to about 300 metres above sea level and is not open to the public. It is covered in remnant bushland and is easily visible from Saddleback Mountain. It is named after an early settlement on the banks of the Shoalhaven known as Coolangatta and is only indirectly related to the better-known Coolangatta, Queensland.
Maubeuge Construction Automobile
Maubeuge Construction Automobile (French pronunciation: [mobœʒ kɔ̃stʁyksjɔ̃ otɔmɔbil]; MCA) is a subsidiary of the French car manufacturer Renault created in 1980 to operate the light commercial vehicle plant located at Maubeuge. The company traces its origins back to a Chausson factory established in 1969.

Mercedes-Benz Citan
The Mercedes-Benz Citan is a panel van and leisure activity vehicle introduced as a badge-engineered variant of the Renault Kangoo in 2012 and marketed by Mercedes-Benz as the successor to the Vaneo compact MPV. In the Mercedes-Benz van lineup, the Citan is the smallest model offered, alongside the mid-size Vito (aka Viano, V-Class, and EQV) and large Sprinter.
Ford I4 DOHC engine
The Ford DOHC engine is an inline 4-cylinder (I4) automotive internal combustion engine with dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), produced by the Ford Motor Company. Offered from 1989 until 2006, it was initially available as a 2.0-litre 8-valve engine, and later in 2.0 and 2.3-litre 16-valve versions. It powered various Ford models in both front wheel drive and rear wheel drive applications. It was Ford's first in-house twincam engine design to reach volume production.

Ford Galaxy
The Ford Galaxy is a seven-seater car produced by Ford of Europe from June 1995 to April 2023. Considered in the motor industry to be a large multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), it was the first Ford-brand MPV produced and marketed outside of North America. It was produced across three generations. Sharing its platform architecture with the Ford Mondeo, the Galaxy was developed alongside the Ford S-Max; the model line is slotted between the Connect and Custom variants of the Ford Tourneo/Transit model family.

In contrast to the American-designed Ford Aerostar and Chrysler Voyager (both imported to Europe), the Galaxy is configured with four sedan-style doors (in line with the Renault Espace).
Freddie Keppard
Freddie Keppard (sometimes rendered as Freddy Keppard; February 27, 1890 – July 15, 1933) was an American jazz cornetist who once held the title of "King" in the New Orleans jazz scene. This title was previously held by Buddy Bolden and succeeded by Joe Oliver.

Lil Hardin Armstrong
Lillian Hardin Armstrong (née Hardin; February 3, 1898 – August 27, 1971) was an American jazz pianist, composer, arranger, singer, and bandleader. She was the second wife of Louis Armstrong, with whom she collaborated on many recordings in the 1920s.

Her compositions include "Struttin' with Some Barbecue", "Don't Jive Me", "Two Deuces", "Knee Drops", "Doin' the Suzie-Q", "Just for a Thrill" (which was a hit when revived by Ray Charles in 1959), "Clip Joint", and "Bad Boy" (a hit for the Jive Bombers in 1957). Armstrong was inducted into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2014.
Jazz (Transformers)
Jazz is a fictional robot character from the Transformers franchise. He is usually portrayed as a music-loving Autobot who speaks Black Vernacular English. In certain continuities, he is shown as Optimus Prime's good friend and right-hand man.

Pontiac Solstice
The Pontiac Solstice is a convertible sports car that was produced by Pontiac from 2005 to 2010. Introduced at the 2004 North American International Auto Show, the Solstice roadster began production in Wilmington, Delaware, starting in mid-2005 for the 2006 model year. It is powered by a naturally aspirated 2.4 L I4 engine, producing 177 hp (132 kW) and 166 lb⋅ft (225 N⋅m) of torque.

The exterior styling of the production Solstice is similar to that of the 2002 Solstice concept that preceded it. Production of the Solstice was to be running before summer 2005, but delays at the Wilmington plant pushed volume production to the fourth quarter.  The new hardtop targa top 2009 model was announced in mid-2008.  The Solstice uses the GM Kappa platform, which also underpins the Saturn Sky, Opel GT, and Daewoo G2X. It was the brand's first two-seater since the Pontiac Fiero was discontinued in 1988.
Kuntibandali
Kuntibandali is a market center in Mangalsen Municipality in the Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. The municipality was established merging with existing Janalibandali, Kuntibandali, Oligau, Jupu, Kalagaun and Mangalsen village development committees (VDCs) on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 2216 living in 409 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 2644, of which 32% was literate.

Kalagaun, Achham
Kalagaun is a market centre in Mangalsen Municipality in Achham District in the Sudurpashchim Province of western Nepal. The municipality was established merging with existing Janalibandali, Kuntibandali, Oligaun, Jupu and Mangalsen Village Development Committees (VDCs) on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, the village had a population of 2405 living in 494 houses. At the time of the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 2733, of which 44% was literate.
East Ravendale
East Ravendale is a small village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, England. It is situated 6 miles (9.7 km) south-south-west from Grimsby, and 0.5 miles (0.8 km) west from the A18.

The village has a small school, a church, approximately twenty houses, and a postbox.

Both East Ravendale Primary School and the neighbouring Grade II listed St Martin's Church were designed by architect James Fowler in 1857, and were his first new-build school with church.

Three other buildings in the village are listed: early 18th-century East Ravendale Hall, 19th-century Parkside farmhouse, and 17th-century thatched cottages.

West Ravendale, the site of the ruins of Ravendale Priory, lies 0.5 miles (0.8 km) to the west and is part of East Ravendale civil parish.

North East Lincolnshire
North East Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area with borough status in Lincolnshire, England. It borders the borough of North Lincolnshire and districts of West Lindsey and East Lindsey. The population of the district in the 2011 Census was 159,616. The administrative centre and largest settlement is Grimsby and the borough includes the towns of Cleethorpes and Immingham as well as the villages of New Waltham, Waltham, Humberston, Healing and Great Coates. The borough is also home to the Port of Grimsby and Port of Immingham as well as Cleethorpes beach.
Laurence Villiers, 7th Earl of Clarendon
George Frederick Laurence Hyde Villiers, 7th Earl of Clarendon (2 February 1933 – 4 July 2009), styled Lord Hyde between 1935 and 1955, was a British peer from the Villiers family.

Villiers was the son of George Herbert Arthur Hyde Villiers, Lord Hyde (1906–1935) and the Honourable Marion Feodorovna Louise Glyn (1900–1970). He succeeded in the earldom on the death of his grandfather in 1955.

Villiers family
Villiers (/ˈvɪlərz/ VIL-ərz) is an aristocratic family in the United Kingdom. Over time, various members of the Villiers family were made knights, baronets, and peers. Peerages held by the Villiers family include the dukedoms of Buckingham (1623–1687) and Cleveland (1670–1709), as well as the earldoms of Anglesey (1623–1661), Jersey (since 1697), and Clarendon (since 1776). Perhaps the most prominent members of the family were those who received the two dukedoms: George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham (1592–1628) rose to fame and influence as favourite of King James I of England, while Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland (1640–1709) became a mistress of King Charles II of England, by whom she had five children.
Gepps Cross, South Australia
Gepps Cross (/dʒɛps/ JEPS) is a suburb and major road intersection in the north of Adelaide, South Australia. Gepps Cross is traditionally seen as the end of the inner suburbs and the start of the outer northern suburbs, as it was home to a major abattoir (now closed and demolished) with holding yards and other open space. It is the first significant open space encountered after the North Parklands. It retains the open nature, even with warehouses, a velodrome, hockey stadium, Adelaide Raiders – a Croatian soccer club, and karate training facilities.

Main North Road
Main North Road is the major north–south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia, and linking to Gawler on Adelaide's outer north-eastern fringes.
Immediate Geographic Region of Lavras
The Immediate Geographic Region of Lavras is one of the 10 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Varginha, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

Intermediate Geographic Region of Varginha
The Intermediate Geographic Region of Varginha (code 3108) is one of the 13 intermediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 134 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

It comprises 82 municipalities, distributed in 10 immediate geographic regions:

Immediate Geographic Region of Varginha.

Immediate Geographic Region of Passos.

Immediate Geographic Region of Alfenas.

Immediate Geographic Region of Lavras.

Immediate Geographic Region of Piumhi.

Immediate Geographic Region of Campo Belo.

Immediate Geographic Region of Guaxupé.

Immediate Geographic Region of Três Corações.

Immediate Geographic Region of São Sebastião do Paraíso.

Immediate Geographic Region of Três Pontas-Boa Esperança.
Sandwich (Urbanna, Virginia)
Sandwich, also known as the Old Customs House, is a historic home located at Urbanna, Middlesex County, Virginia.  It was built about 1758, and is a three
bay rectangular plan brick structure is built into the side of a steep hill with 1+1⁄2 stories on the west up-hill facade, and 2+1⁄2 stories on the east side. The house was renovated in the 1930s. Also on the property are a contributing brick wall, and a formal boxwood garden site, which includes four contributing garden buildings. Andrew Jackson Montague purchased the property in 1934.  It is considered by many historians to be one of the oldest remaining buildings in the Urbanna Historic District.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Urbanna Historic District
Urbanna Historic District is a national historic district in Urbanna, Middlesex County, Virginia. It has 65 contributing buildings and 1 contributing site in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Urbanna. Buildings include the Old Tavern, Gressitt House (c. 1820), Genders House (1876), Fitchett (1884), Van Wagenen House (c. 1900), C. H. Palmer Garage (c. 1930), Sentinel Building, Urbanna Town Office, Taylor Hardware (1921-1925), Bank of Middlesex (1900-1901), Urbanna Baptist Church (1896), Located in the district and separately listed are the Old Courthouse, Lansdowne, James Mills Storehouse, Sandwich, and Wormeley Cottage.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
Bani Hajer (Al Rayyan)
Bani Hajer (Arabic: بني هاجر) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan and part of the Doha Metropolitan Area.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of Zone 51, with a population of 56,027. It includes Izghawa, Gharrafat Al Rayyan, Al Gharrafa, Al Seej, Rawdat Egdaim and Al Themaid.

The district is 10 km (6.2 mi) away from central Doha. It is bordered to the north by Rawdat Egdaim.

Al Seej
Al Seej (Arabic: السيج, romanized: As Sīq; also spelled Al Seeq) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of Zone 51 which has a population of 56,027 and also includes Izghawa, Gharrafat Al Rayyan, Al Gharrafa, Rawdat Egdaim, Bani Hajer and Al Themaid.

It borders Bani Hajer to the east, Al Wajbah to the south, Rawdat Al Jahanniya to the west, and Rawdat Egdaim to the north.
Wordsley
Wordsley is a suburban village in Stourbridge, which is in the West Midlands, England. It is part of the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley and is north of the River Stour. Wordsley is part of the Kingswinford and South Staffordshire Parliamentary constituency as of 2024. It is bordered by open Staffordshire countryside to the west, Kingswinford to the north, Brierley Hill to the east and Stourbridge to the south.

Stourbridge
Stourbridge (/ˈstaʊərbrɪdʒ/) is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley in the West Midlands, England. Situated on the River Stour, the town lies around 11 miles (18 kilometres) west of Birmingham,
at the southwestern edge of the Black Country conurbation. Historically in Worcestershire, it was the centre of British glass making during the Industrial Revolution. The 2021 UK census recorded the town's population as 56,950.
Cumulative frequency analysis
Cumulative frequency analysis is the analysis of the frequency of occurrence of values of a phenomenon less than a reference value. The phenomenon may be time- or space-dependent. Cumulative frequency is also called frequency of non-exceedance.

Cumulative frequency analysis is performed to obtain insight into how often a certain phenomenon (feature) is below a certain value. This may help in describing or explaining a situation in which the phenomenon is involved, or in planning interventions, for example in flood protection.

This statistical technique can be used to see how likely an event like a flood is going to happen again in a certain time frame in the future, based on how often it happened in the past. It can be adapted to bring in things like climate change causing wetter winters and drier summers.

Frequency of exceedance
The frequency of exceedance, sometimes called the annual rate of exceedance, is the frequency with which a random process exceeds some critical value.  Typically, the critical value is far from the mean. It is usually defined in terms of the number of peaks of the random process that are outside the boundary. It has applications related to predicting extreme events, such as major earthquakes and floods.