hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Milton W. Humphreys
Milton Wylie Humphreys (September 15, 1844 – November 20, 1928) was an American Confederate sergeant during the American Civil War of 1861-1865 and an early scholar of Ancient Greek and Latin in the United States. He was the first professor to introduce the Roman pronunciation of Latin in the United States while teaching at Washington and Lee University. Additionally, he was the first Professor of Latin and Greek at Vanderbilt University and the University of Texas at Austin. He spent the rest of his career at the University of Virginia. He also served as the President of the American Philological Association in 1882–1883.

Landon Garland
Landon Cabell Garland (1810–1895), an American, was professor of physics and history and university president three times at different Southern Universities (Randolph Macon, Alabama, Vanderbilt) while living in the Southern United States for his entire life. He served as the second president of Randolph–Macon College in Ashland, Virginia, from 1836 to 1846; then professor from 1847 to 1855, and then third president of the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, from 1855 to 1867; and first chancellor of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, from 1875 to 1893. He was an apologist for slavery in the United States before the Civil War, but afterward became a vociferous spokesperson against slavery.
I'm in the Mood for Dancing
"I'm in the Mood for Dancing" is a single by the Irish pop group The Nolan Sisters (later to become The Nolans). Originally released in December 1979, the song became a top-three hit in the UK in February 1980. A blend of pop and disco, it has since become synonymous with the group and remains their biggest hit. It was also a hit in many countries around the world. In Japan and South Africa, it reached number one.

Coleen Nolan
Coleen Patricia Nolan (born 12 March 1965) is an English–Irish singer, television personality and author. She was a member of the Anglo-Irish girl group the Nolans, in which she sang with her sisters. With over 30 million records sold worldwide, The Nolans are one of the world's biggest-selling girl groups.

Since 2000, Nolan has been a regular panellist on the ITV talk show Loose Women. From 2001 to 2002, she co-presented the ITV daytime show This Morning, and later returned to the show from 2010 to 2012 as a presenter of the interactive hub segments. In 2009, she competed on the fourth series of the ITV show Dancing on Ice, in which she finished in fourth place. In 2012, Nolan appeared on the tenth series of the Channel 5 reality series Celebrity Big Brother, finishing as runner-up. She returned to Celebrity Big Brother in 2017, winning the nineteenth series.
Arab Suqrir
'Arab Sukrir (Arabic: عرب سكرير) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict, located 38 kilometers (24 mi) northeast of Gaza in a flat area with an elevation of 25 meters (82 ft) along the coastal plain just north of Isdud. The total land area of the village was 40,224 dunams, of which 12,270 was Arab-owned, while the remainder was public property. In 1931, it had a population of 530, decreasing to 390 in 1945. It was destroyed and depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Gaza Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Gaza Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء غزة; Hebrew: נפת עזה) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was situated in the southern Mediterranean coastline of the British Mandate of Palestine. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the district disintegrated, with Israel controlling the northern and eastern portions while Egypt held control of the southern and central parts – which became the Gaza Strip, under Egyptian military between 1948 and 1967, Israeli military rule between 1967 and 2005, part of the Palestinian National Authority (with some aspects of retained Israeli rule until the 2005 withdrawal) after the Oslo Accords until 2007, and is currently ruled by the Hamas as a de facto separate entity from the Palestinian National Authority. The parts which Israel held since 1948 were merged into Israeli administrative districts, their connection with Gaza severed.
Department of Education (New Zealand)
The New Zealand Department of Education was, prior to 1989, the public service department of the New Zealand government that was responsible for pre-tertiary education.

The department was established in its initial form in 1877 under the Education Act 1877.

In 1989 it was replaced by a decentralised Ministry of Education under the Tomorrow's Schools reforms that were initiated in response to the Picot task force report of May 1988. Some of its functions were moved to separate agencies such as Learning Media Limited (1992) and the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (1993).

Ministry of Education (New Zealand)
The Ministry of Education (Māori: Te Tāhuhu o te Mātauranga) is the public service department of New Zealand charged with overseeing the New Zealand education system.

The Ministry was formed in 1989 when the former, all-encompassing Department of Education was broken up into six separate agencies.
Plaza de toros de Acho
The Plaza de Toros de Acho is the premier bullring in Lima, Peru. Located beside the historical center of the Rímac District, the plaza is classified as a national historic monument. It is the oldest bullring in the Americas and the second-oldest in the world after La Maestranza in Spain (not counting the Roman Empire-era Arles Amphitheatre in France). It opened on 30 January 1766.

Of the 56 official bullrings in Peru, the Plaza de Acho ranks most prominently. It has a seating capacity of 13,700 and was constructed of adobe and wood, both traditional materials.

Rímac District
Rímac (pronunciation: [ˈri.mak]) is a district of Lima, Peru. It is one of the oldest parts of the city, and was formally made into a district in 1920. Due to its age, vestiges of the city's Spanish era remain today in the district's Monumental Zone, the old quarter that's part of the Cultural heritage of Peru since 1972, and a World Heritage Site since 1988 as part of the Historic Centre of Lima.
Friedrich Carl von Savigny
Friedrich Carl von Savigny (21 February 1779, in Frankfurt am Main – 25 October 1861, in Berlin) was a German legal scholar (jurist) and legal historian. He served as professor of jurisprudence and was rector of the University of Berlin in 1812–1813. Savigny was also a member of the Prussian State Council and, from 1842 to 1848, Minister of State for Legal Reform (Staatsminister für Gesetzesrevision). He is regarded as the founder of the Historical School of Law.

State Council of Prussia (1817–1918)
The Prussian State Council was an advisory body to the King in the Prussian State from 1817 to 1848 and reactivated in 1854, 1884, and 1895. Its members did not have the title of State Councilor, but were allowed to call themselves a Member of the State Council.
Queen's Edinburgh Rifles
The Queen's Edinburgh Rifles was a brigade of Rifle Volunteers raised in the county of city of Edinburgh in 1859. It later formed two battalions of the Royal Scots, which fought in World War I at Gallipoli, in Palestine and on the Western Front. The two battalions combined between the world wars before being converted into an air defence regiment of the Royal Artillery (RA). This served in Anti-Aircraft Command during World War II and continued in the postwar Territorial Army (TA) until 1961, when its successors were converted into Royal Engineers (RE).

88th Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 88th Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the British Army, raised for service in the First World War. It was originally formed from regular army battalions serving away from home in the British Empire. The brigade was assigned to the 29th Division and served on the Western Front and the Gallipoli Campaign and in the Middle East.
2007 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The 2007 Alabama Crimson Tide football team represented the University of Alabama as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Nick Saban, the Crimson Tide compiled an overall record of 7–6 with a mark of 4–4 in conference play, placing in a three-way tie for third in the SEC's Western Division. Alabama was invited to the Independence Bowl, where the Crimson Tide defeated Colorado. The team played home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

Despite a strong 6–2 start, Alabama finished the regular season with four straight defeats, including a loss for a sixth-straight year to rival Auburn. In 2009, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) levied sanctions against Alabama, forcing the Crimson Tide to vacate five wins, including three conference victories, from the season.

2007 Colorado Buffaloes football team
The 2007 Colorado Buffaloes football team represented the University of Colorado at Boulder in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Dan Hawkins in his second season at Colorado and played their home games at Folsom Field. Colorado finished 6–7 after losing in the Independence Bowl to Alabama. 2007 was Colorado's first consecutive losing season in 22 years, but represented a vast improvement over the team's 2–10 mark in 2006.
Pique Newsmagazine
Pique Newsmagazine is the only newspaper serving the resort community of Whistler, British Columbia. It was founded in 1994 and operated as an independent, locally owned weekly newspaper until July 2013, when it was purchased by Glacier Media. Today, Glacier Media continues to own and operate the paper with locally produced content and editorial staff.

About 15,000 copies of the newsmagazine are distributed free each Thursday at over 200 distribution points from Vancouver to Mount Currie, including 130 distribution points in Whistler. It was started by Kathy Barnett, Bob Barnett, Kevin Damaskie and David Rigler.

Pique Newsmagazine also publishes the winter and summer FAQ - The Insiders Guide to Whistler, the winter and summer Whistler Magazine, Annual Crankd Bike Magazine and other publications.

Whistler, British Columbia
Whistler is a resort municipality in Squamish-Lillooet Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is located in the southern Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains, approximately 125 kilometres (78 mi) north of Vancouver and 36 km (22 mi) south of Pemberton. It has a permanent population of approximately 13,982 (2021), and 3,241 seasonal residents (estimated).

Over two million people visit Whistler annually, primarily for alpine skiing and snowboarding and, in the summer, mountain biking at Whistler Blackcomb. Its pedestrian village has won numerous design awards, and Whistler has been voted among the top destinations in North America by major ski magazines since the mid-1990s. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Whistler hosted most of the alpine, Nordic, luge, skeleton, and bobsled events.
Io, Norway
Io is a village in Alver Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village sits on the shore of the Herdlefjorden along the northern coast of the island of Holsnøy, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of the village of Rossland.

Alver Municipality
Alver is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Nordhordland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Knarvik. Other villages include Alversund, Alver, Isdalstø, Lindås, Ostereidet, Seim, Manger, Askeland, Austmarka, Bøvågen, Haugland, Sæbø, Sletta, Frekhaug, Hjartås, Holme, Io, Krossneset, Meland, and Rossland.

The 679.15-square-kilometre (262.22 sq mi) municipality is the 168th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Alver Municipality is the 37th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 30,169. The municipality's population density is 44.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (115/sq mi) and its population has increased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Ndoucoumane
Ndoucoumane or Ndoukoumane is a historical region of Senegal and a former province of the Kingdom of Saloum. It's capital is Kaffrine.

The province was established by Maad Saloum Mbegane Ndour shortly after his coming to the throne as a fief for his ally Wali Mbérou Ndaw, of the former ruling family of Namandirou.

The area is described in Ken Bugul's book The Abandoned Baobab or in the original French, Le Baobab Fou, meaning the crazy baobab.

Saloum
The Kingdom of Saloum (Serer: Saluum or Saalum) was a Serer kingdom in present-day Senegal and parts of Gambia. The precolonial capital was the city of Kahone. Re-established in 2017, Saloum is now a non-sovereign traditional monarchy within Senegal. Its history, geography and culture is intricately linked with the sister state, the Kingdom of Sine, and it is common to refer to them as the Sine-Saloum or the Serer Kingdoms.
Macanga District
Macanga is a district situated in the north part of Tete Province in the central region of Mozambique. Its administrative center is the town of Furancungo. The district is located in the north of the province, and borders with Dedza District and Lilongwe District of Malawi in the north, Angónia District in the east, Tsangano District in the southeast, Chiuta District in the south, and with Chifunde District in the west. The area of the district is 6,999 square kilometres (2,702 sq mi). It has a population of 112,551 as of 2007.

Chifunde District
Chifunde District is a district of Tete Province in western Mozambique. The principal town is 
Chifunde. The district is located in the north of the province, and borders with Zambia in the north, Malawi in the northeast, Macanga District in the east, Chiuta District in the south, and with Marávia District in the west. The area of the district is 9,403 square kilometres (3,631 sq mi). It has a population of 101,811 as of 2007.
Louis d'Amboise
Louis d'Amboise (died 1511) was a French Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

A member of the House of Amboise, Louis d'Amboise was born in the Kingdom of France, ca. 1479.  He was a cousin of Cardinals François Guillaume de Castelnau-Clermont-Ludève and Georges d'Amboise.

He became archdeacon of Narbonne at the age of 18.

On July 1, 1503, he was elected Bishop of Albi.  He occupied this see until resigning on September 30, 1510.

Pope Julius II made him a cardinal priest in the consistory of December 18, 1506.  He received the red hat and the titular church of Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano on January 11, 1510.

He and his cousin Cardinal Castelnau de Clermont-Ludève were making a pilgrimage to the Basilica della Santa Casa, Loreto when Cardinal d'Amboise died in Loreto on March 3, 1511.  He is buried in the basilica in Loreto, while his heart was buried in Albi Cathedral.

Georges d'Amboise
Georges d'Amboise (1460 – May 25, 1510) was a French Roman Catholic cardinal and minister of state. He belonged to the house of Amboise, a noble family possessed of considerable influence: of his nine brothers, four were bishops. His father, Pierre d'Amboise, seigneur de Chaumont, was chamberlain to Charles VII and Louis XI and ambassador at Rome. Georges' eldest brother, Charles, was governor of the Île-de-France, Champagne and Burgundy, and councillor of Louis XI.
Madeiran wood pigeon
The Madeiran wood pigeon (Columba palumbus maderensis) is an extinct subspecies of the common wood pigeon endemic to Madeira (Portugal), and found in the island's laurel forest habitat.

The Madeiran wood pigeon closely resembled the wood pigeon of mainland Europe, but the plumage was somewhat darker, especially on the upperparts and under wing-coverts. The vinous-pink of the breast was more extensive.

The German ornithologist Ernst Schmitz lived on the island of Madeira by 1896–1906, a time when the Madeiran wood pigeon was already rare. Despite great efforts, Schmitz managed to collect only a few specimens and eggs. In May 1924, no Madeiran wood pigeon was found, nor was any seen in later years, not even by local pigeon hunters. This subspecies is most likely extinct.

Common wood pigeon
The common wood pigeon (Columba palumbus), also known simply as the wood pigeon, is a large species in the dove and pigeon family (Columbidae), native to the western Palearctic. It belongs to the genus Columba, which includes closely related species such as the rock dove (Columba livia). It has a flexible diet, feeding mainly on plant material, including cereals, and is therefore considered an agricultural pest. Wood pigeons are extensively hunted over much of their range, but this does not appear to have a major impact on their population numbers.
Adeimantus of Corinth
Adeimantus of Corinth (/ˈædiːˌmæntəs/; Greek: Ἀδείμαντος), son of Ocytus (Ὠκύτος), was the Corinthian commander during the invasion of Greece by Xerxes. Before the Battle of Artemisium (480 BC) he threatened to sail away.

According to the Suda, when Adeimantus called Themistocles a city-less man before the Battle of Salamis (because the Persians had destroyed Athens), Themistocles responded: "Who is city-less, when he has 200 triremes?"

According to the Athenians he took to flight at the very commencement of the battle, but this was denied by the Corinthians and the other Greeks.

Adeimantus' son Aristeus was the Corinthian commander at the Battle of Potidaea in 432 BC.

Aristeus
Aristeus (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστεύς), son of Adeimantus (Ἀδείμαντος; Adeímantos), was a Corinthian general who commanded the expedition to Potidaea in 432 BC. After the Athenians broke a truce with the Corinthians at Sybota, his primary goal was to defend Potidaea from an Athenian attack. He then went on to defend the Corinthian colony from Athens during the Battle of Potidaea in 432 BC, until he was left with no option but to leave the colony with the Chalcidians. In 430 BC he traveled to Thrace with Spartan envoys where they were discovered by Athenians and brought to Athens, by Athenian ambassadors, where they were promptly killed without a trial. After Aristeus' death, Athens seized Potidaea in 430/429 BC during the Peloponnesian War, the battles of Sybota and Potidaea being two main catalysts for the war.
Volyn Oblast Council
The Volyn Oblast Council (Ukrainian: Волинська обласна рада) is the regional oblast council (parliament) of the Volyn Oblast (province) located in western Ukraine.

Council members are elected for five year terms. In order to gain representation in the council, a party must gain more than 5 percent of the total vote.

As of August 2025, the opposition consists of 5 deputies from the Agrarian Party of Ukraine and 9 deputies from "European Solidarity". The situational coalition consists of "For the Future", "Fatherland", "Servant of the People", "Freedom", "Strength and Honor".

Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).
Gamma World
Gamma World is a post-apocalyptic science fantasy role-playing game in which player characters explore Earth centuries after the collapse of civilization, searching for artifacts from the time before "The Great Upheaval". The game was  originally designed by James M. Ward and Gary Jaquet, and first published by TSR in 1978. It borrows heavily from Ward's earlier role-playing game, Metamorphosis Alpha.

Alternity
Alternity is a science fiction role-playing game (RPG) published by TSR in 1997. Following the acquisition of TSR by Wizards of the Coast, the game was discontinued in 2000 as part of a broader rationalisation of TSR's business holdings, but it retains a small and devoted fanbase. Parts of Alternity as well as TSR's classic Star Frontiers game were later incorporated into the d20 Modern game, especially the d20 Future setting. Star*Drive was the first campaign setting published for Alternity, and was introduced in 1998.
Uurainen
Uurainen (Swedish: Uurainen, also Urais) is a municipality of Finland.

It is part of the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 3,652 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 372.26 square kilometres (143.73 sq mi) of which 24.22 km2 (9.35 sq mi), or roughly 6.5%, is water.  The population density is 10.49 inhabitants per square kilometre (27.2/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Jyväskylä, Laukaa, Multia, Petäjävesi, Saarijärvi and Äänekoski.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Multia, Finland
Multia is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 1,384 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 765.63 square kilometres (295.61 sq mi) of which 32.37 km2 (12.50 sq mi), or 11.5%, is water.  The population density is 1.89 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.9/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The municipality has previously also been known as "Muldia" in Swedish documents, but is today referred to as "Multia" also in Swedish.
North Russia intervention
The North Russia intervention, also known as the Northern Russian expedition, the Archangel campaign, and the Murman deployment, was part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War after the October Revolution. The intervention brought about the involvement of foreign troops in the Russian Civil War on the side of the White movement. The movement was ultimately defeated, while the British-led Allied forces withdrew from Northern Russia after fighting a number of defensive actions against the Bolsheviks, such as the Battle of Bolshie Ozerki. The campaign lasted from March 1918, during the final months of World War I, to October 1919.

Yevgeny Miller
Yevgeny-Ludvig Karlovich Miller (Russian: Евге́ний-Лю́двиг Ка́рлович Ми́ллер; 7 October [O.S. 25 September] 1867 – 11 May 1939) was a Russian general of Baltic German descent and one of the leaders of the anti-communist White Army during the Russian Civil War. After the civil war, he lived in exile in France. Kidnapped by Soviet intelligence operatives in Paris in 1937, he was smuggled to the Soviet Union and executed in Moscow in 1939.
East Maine School District 63
East Maine School District 63, otherwise known as District 63 or East Maine School District 63, is a school district that serves parts of Des Plaines, Niles, Glenview, Park Ridge, and Morton Grove that reside in the Maine Township. The school district is headquartered in Des Plaines.

The school district consists of seven schools, one preschool, five elementary schools and one middle school. 8th-grade graduates are sent to Maine Township High School District 207, along with CCSD 62, and Park Ridge-Niles SD 64.

Des Plaines, Illinois
Des Plaines (/dɪs ˈpleɪnz/) is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 60,675. The city is a suburb of Chicago and is located just north of O'Hare International Airport. It is situated on and is named after the Des Plaines River, which runs through the city just east of its downtown area.