hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barnack railway station
Barnack railway station was a station in the Soke of Peterborough (now Cambridgeshire) serving the village of Barnack. Despite being located adjacent to the village, the more remote Uffington & Barnack station on the Midland Railway Leicester to Peterborough line was more convenient for many journeys. Barnack station was opened by the Stamford and Essendine Railway (S&ER) on 9 August 1867; it was on the S&ER's branch from Stamford to Wansford. The S&ER was leased to the Great Northern Railway at the end of 1892. The line never really recovered from the 1926 general strike, and the station closed with the line on 1 July 1929. In 2014 the building survives as a private house.

Barnack
Barnack is a village and civil parish in the Peterborough unitary authority of the ceremonial county of Cambridgeshire, England, and the historic county of Northamptonshire. Barnack is in the north-west of the unitary authority, 4 miles (6.4 km) south-east of Stamford, Lincolnshire. The parish includes the hamlet of Pilsgate about 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Barnack. Both Barnack and Pilsgate are on the B1443 road. The 2021 Census recorded a parish population of 1000.

Barnack is historically part of the Soke of Peterborough, which was associated with Northamptonshire but had its own County Council from 1888 until 1965. From 1894 until 1965 there was a Barnack Rural District, which was a subdivision of the Soke and formed part of Huntingdon and Peterborough until 1974.

Barnack is notable for its former limestone industry, its Anglo-Saxon parish church and an unusual early Bronze Age burial. Hills and Holes, an area of Roman and later quarrying, is now a nature reserve.
Laik-Gi
Laik-Gi (Burmese: လိုက်ဂီ, Burmese pronunciation: [laiʔ gì]) was governor of Pegu in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. He became governor of the province c. 1296 after his overlord King Wareru of Martaban had defeated the self-proclaimed king of Pegu Tarabya. Prior to the appointment, Laik-Gi had served as the chief minister of Wareru's upstart Mon-speaking kingdom since its founding in 1287. He also led the diplomatic mission to the court of King Ram Khamhaeng of Sukhothai in 1286–1287 that secured Sukhothai's backing of Wareru's plan to declare independence from the Pagan Empire.

Chronicles do not state when Laik-Gi's term at Pegu ended.

Tarabya of Pegu
Tarabya of Pegu (Mon: တယာဖျာ; Burmese: ပဲခူး တရဖျား, pronounced [bəgó təɹəbjá]) was the self-proclaimed king of Pegu (modern Bago, Myanmar) from c. 1287 to c. 1296. He was one of several regional strongmen who emerged after the fall of the Pagan Empire in 1287.

Initially, Tarabya was allied with Wareru, the strongman of the nearby Martaban province. But after their decisive victory over Pagan in 1295–1296, the alliance turned into an intense rivalry, which culminated in the two men fighting a duel on elephant-back about two years later. Tarabya was defeated, and after a brief stay in Martaban (Mottama), executed.
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulaceae (/kənˌvɒlvjəˈleɪsi.iː, -aɪ/), commonly called the bindweeds or morning glories, is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily herbaceous vines, but also include trees, shrubs and herbs. The tubers of several species are edible, the best known of which is the sweet potato.

Cuscuta
Cuscuta (/kʌsˈkjuːtə/), commonly known as dodder or amarbel, is a genus of over 201 species of yellow, orange, or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, it now is accepted as belonging in the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae, on the basis of the work of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The genus is found throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the world, with the greatest species diversity in subtropical and tropical regions; the genus becomes rare in cool temperate climates, with only four species native to northern Europe.

Folk names include strangle tare, strangleweed, scaldweed, beggarweed, lady's laces, fireweed, wizard's net, devil's guts, devil's hair, devil's ringlet, goldthread, hailweed, hairweed, hellbine, love vine, pull-down, angel hair, and witch's hair.
Vladimir Ryzhkov
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Ryzhkov (Russian: Влади́мир Алекса́ндрович Рыжко́в; born 3 September 1966) is a Russian historian and liberal politician, a former co-chair of People's Freedom Party (2006–2014) and former Russian State Duma member (1993–2007), First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma and the leader of parliamentary group Our Home – Russia. He is a candidate of historical sciences, a professor of the Higher School of Economics, and an anchorman of a number of Echo of Moscow radio programs.

Vladimir Ryzhkov was a deputy head of administration of Altai Krai in 1991-1993 and represented the city of Barnaul in the State Duma in 1993-2007. Since 2006 Vladimir Ryzhkov is a co-chair of registered political party Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party (RPR-PARNAS). He was one of members of The Other Russia coalition and a participant of Dissenters' Marches and other meetings. He was also an active speaker during 2011–2013 Russian protest rallies.

The Other Russia (coalition)
The Other Russia (Russian: Другая Россия; Drugaya Rossiya), sometimes cited as Another Russia, was an umbrella coalition (2006–2008/2009/2010) that gathered opponents of President Vladimir Putin and was known as an organizer of Dissenters' Marches. The coalition brought together representatives from a wide variety of political and human rights movements, liberals, nationalists, socialists and communists (though the CPRF was absent), as well as individual citizens. The last Dissenters' March took place in 2008.

The group included both far left, centre, and far right opposition leaders as well as mainstream liberals such as former world chess champion and United Civil Front leader Garry Kasparov (in 2006–2007), the radical National Bolshevik Party leader Eduard Limonov, and the far-left Vanguard of Red Youth. In 2010, the coalition was dissolved.
Joseph C. Porter
Joseph Chrisman Porter (12 September 1809 – 18 February 1863) was a Confederate officer in the American Civil War, a key leader in the guerrilla campaigns in northern Missouri, and a figure of controversy. The main source for his history, Joseph A. Mudd (see below) is clearly an apologist; his opponents take a less charitable view of him, and his chief adversary, Union Colonel John McNeil, regarded him simply as a bushwacker and traitor, though his service under General John S. Marmaduke in the Springfield campaign ("Marmaduke's First Raid") and following clearly shows he was regarded as a regular officer by the Confederacy.

Knox County, Missouri
Knox County is a county located in the northeast portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,744, making it the third-least populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Edina. The county was organized February 14, 1845, and named for U.S. Secretary of War General Henry Knox.
Piano Sonata in B minor (Liszt)
The Piano Sonata in B minor (German: Klaviersonate h-moll), S.178, is a single movement piano sonata by Franz Liszt. Liszt completed the work during his time in Weimar, Germany in 1853, a year before it was published in 1854 and performed in 1857. He dedicated the piece to Robert Schumann, in return for Schumann's dedication to Liszt in his Fantasie in C major, Op. 17. A typical performance of this piece lasts around 30 minutes.

Piano sonata
A piano sonata is a sonata written for a solo piano. Piano sonatas are usually written in three or four movements, although some piano sonatas have been written with a single movement (Liszt, Scriabin, Prokofiev, Berg), others with two movements (Haydn, Beethoven), some contain five (Brahms' Third Piano Sonata, Czerny's Piano Sonata No. 1, Godowsky's Piano Sonata) or even more movements. The first movement is generally composed in sonata form.
Lecanographa
Lecanographa is a genus of about 20 species of lichens in the family Lecanographaceae. These lichens typically form thin, extensive crusts that can be chalk-white, grey, or pale green, with dark brown to black reproductive structures that are often covered in a dense frosting (pruina) of white, bluish, or greyish crystals. Established as a genus in 1994 by José M. Egea and Pilar Torrente, the lichens are characterized by their partnership with orange-tinged filamentous algae and their production of slender, spindle-shaped spores with multiple cross-walls that are wrapped in a gelatinous outer layer.

Lecanographaceae
Lecanographaceae is a family of mostly lichens (also some lichenicolous fungi) in the order Arthoniales. The family was circumscribed in 2014, prompted by a molecular phylogenetic-based restructuring of the Arthoniales.
Northwest (Althing constituency)
Northwest (Icelandic: Norðvestur) is one of the six multi-member constituencies of the Althing, the national legislature of Iceland. The constituency was established in 2003 following the re-organisation of constituencies across Iceland when the Northwestern constituency (excluding Siglufjörður municipality which was merged into the Northeast constituency) was merged with the Western and Westfjords constituencies. Northwest consists of the regions of Northwestern, Western and Westfjords. The constituency currently elects six of the 63 members of the Althing using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2024 parliamentary election it had 22,351 registered electors.

Northwestern (Althing constituency)
Northwestern (Icelandic: Norðurland vestra) was one of the multi-member constituencies of the Althing, the national legislature of Iceland. The constituency was established in 1959 following the nationwide extension of proportional representation for elections to the Althing. It was abolished in 2003 following the re-organisation of constituencies across Iceland when all municipalities in the constituency except Siglufjörður were merged with the Western and Westfjords constituencies to form the Northwest constituency. Siglufjörður was merged into the Northeast constituency. Northwestern was conterminous with the Northwestern region.
WR Draw
WR Draw is an out-of-service railroad bridge crossing the Passaic River between Newark and the Arlington section of Kearny, New Jersey. The plate girder rim-bearing swing bridge, originally built in 1897 and modified in 1911 and 1950, is the 14th bridge from the river's mouth at Newark Bay and is 8.1 miles (13.0 km) upstream from it. Last used for regular passenger service in 2002, it is welded in closed position as its height is not considered a hazard to navigation.

The lower seventeen miles (27 km) of the ninety-mile (140 km) long Passaic River downstream of the Dundee Dam is tidally influenced and navigable. Rail service across the river was generally oriented to bringing passengers and freight from the points west over the Hackensack Meadows to Bergen Hill, where tunnels and cuts provided access terminals on the Hudson River.

Kearny, New Jersey
Kearny (/ˈkɑːrni/ KAR-nee) is a town in the western part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and a suburb of Newark. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 41,999, an increase of 1,315 (+3.2%) from the 2010 census count of 40,684, which in turn reflected an increase of 171 (+0.4%) from the 40,513 counted in the 2000 census.

Kearny is named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. It began as a township formed by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 8, 1867, from portions of Harrison Township. Portions of the township were taken on July 3, 1895, to form East Newark. Kearny was incorporated as a town on January 19, 1899, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The Arlington section of town was named for Arlington Station on the Erie Railroad at the Arlington Mill plant, owned by Arlington Mills of Lawrence, Massachusetts.
1995 Fed Cup World Group play-offs
The World Group play-offs were four tied tennis matches which involved the losing nations of the World Group first round and the winning nations of the World Group II. Nations that won their play-off ties entered the 1996 World Group, while losing nations joined the 1996 World Group II.

1995 Fed Cup World Group II
The World Group II was the second highest level of Fed Cup competition in 1995. Winning nations advanced to the World Group play-offs, and the losing nations were demoted to the World Group II play-offs.
Youngstown–Warren Regional Airport
Youngstown–Warren Regional Airport (IATA: YNG, ICAO: KYNG, FAA LID: YNG) is a public and military airport in Vienna Township, Trumbull County, Ohio, 11 miles north of Youngstown and 10 miles (16 km) east of Warren. The airport is home to the Youngstown–Warren Air Reserve Station.

The airport has been in operation for over 50 years. It is run by the Western Reserve Port Authority, made up of members appointed by the Mahoning and Trumbull County Commissioners. While there hasn't been commercial service to the airport since 2018, private jets and small charter flights continue to serve the area as of December 2023.

The airport is part of the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS). In 2024, it was designated as a primary airport, allocating it an extra $1 million per year over 5 years for maintenance.

Youngstown Air Reserve Station
Youngstown Air Reserve Station (sometimes abbreviated as YARS) (IATA: YNG, ICAO: KYNG) is a military facility located in Vienna Township, Trumbull County, Ohio, 11 miles north of Youngstown and 10 miles east of Warren in the United States. The installation is located at Youngstown–Warren Regional Airport. The host wing for the installation is the 910th Airlift Wing (910 AW), an Air Force Reserve Command unit operationally gained by the Air Mobility Command.
Edwyn Ralph
Edwyn Ralph or Edvin Ralph is a village and civil parish 14 miles (23 km) north east of Hereford, in the county of Herefordshire, England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 192. The parish touches Bromyard and Winslow, Collington, Edvin Loach and Saltmarshe, Norton, Thornbury and Wacton. Edwyn Ralph shares a parish council with Collington and Thornbury called "Thornbury Group Parish Council".

Norton, Herefordshire
Norton is a civil parish in north-east Herefordshire, England, and is approximately 14 miles (23 km) north-east from the city and county town of Hereford. The closest town is Bromyard, conjoined to the parish at the south-west. The parish includes the elevated public open common land of Bromyard Downs.
Filipos Woldeyohannes
Filipos Woldeyohannes (born 1955) is an Eritrean general who has served as Chief of Staff of the Eritrean Defence Forces since March 2014. He was appointed after his predecessor died in early March 2014.

Eritrean Defence Forces
The Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) (Tigrinya: ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ) are the combined military forces of Eritrea composed of three branches: Eritrean Army, Eritrean Air Force and Eritrean Navy. The Army is by far the largest, followed by the Air Force and Navy. The Commander-in-Chief of the EDF is the President of Eritrea. Their military role stems from Eritrea's strategic geographical location, located on the Red Sea with a foothold on the Bab-el-Mandeb strait.
Volatility tax
The volatility tax is a mathematical finance term first published by Rick Ashburn, CFA in a 2003 column, and formalized by hedge fund manager Mark Spitznagel, describing the effect of large investment losses (or volatility) on compound returns. It has also been called volatility drag, volatility decay or variance drain.  This is not literally a tax in the sense of a levy imposed by a government, but the mathematical difference between geometric averages compared to arithmetic averages. This difference resembles a tax due to the mathematics which impose a lower compound return when returns vary over time, compared to a simple sum of returns.  This diminishment of returns is in increasing proportion to volatility, such that volatility itself appears to be the basis of a progressive tax. Conversely, fixed-return investments (which have no return volatility) appear to be "volatility tax free".

Volatility (finance)
In finance, volatility (usually denoted by "σ") is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time, usually measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns.

Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices.  Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option).
Black Widow (2007 film)
Black Widow is a 2007 television film directed by Armand Mastroianni and starring Elizabeth Berkley, Alicia Coppola and Adriana DeMeo. Produced by RHI Entertainment, it is loosely based on the 1987 film of the same name starring Debra Winger and Theresa Russell.

Black Widow stars Elizabeth Berkley, Randall Batinkoff, and Adriana DeMeo.

The film was originally released in 2007, before being re-cut and re-released in 2008 under the title Dark Beauty.

Black Widow (1987 film)
Black Widow is a 1987 American neo-noir thriller film directed by Bob Rafelson, from a screenplay by Ronald Bass. It stars Debra Winger, Theresa Russell, Sami Frey, and Nicol Williamson. Dennis Hopper has a short role at the beginning of the film.

It is a crime drama about two women: one who murders wealthy men whom she has married for their money (and keeps moving west), and the other an agent with the Department of Justice who grows obsessed with bringing her to justice.
Geumcheon-gu Office station
Geumcheon-gu Office Station, formerly known as Siheung Station, (Korean: 금천구청역) is a station on the Line 1 of the Seoul Subway, as well as the Gyeongbu Line. Commuter rail trains on Line 1 travel southwards from here to Anyang, Suwon, Pyeongtaek and Cheonan Stations via the Gyeongbu Line.

In addition, a spur line (also a part of Line 1) between this station and Gwangmyeong Station on the KTX serves to link high-speed trains and commuter rail.

The name of the station was changed from Siheung to its current name on December 29, 2008. The main reason for the change was because of the confusion with Siheung, a city located southwest of here.

Gwangmyeong Station
Gwangmyeong station (Korean: 광명역) is a train station in Gwangmyeong, South Korea.  The station was newly built as a stop of national railway operator Korail's KTX high-speed service, 22.0 km (13.7 mi) south of Seoul Station.

The area surrounding the station is home to the world's second largest IKEA store at 59,000 square meters (640,000 square feet), along with a large Costco store and a Lotte Premium Outlet.
Guideline Daily Amount
A Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) was a nutrition facts label originally designed in 1996 in the United Kingdom (UK) as a collaboration between the government, the food industry and consumer organisations. GDAs appeared on the front and back of food packaging to help raise awareness of how much a food item represents as a proportion of a balanced intake each day in each food element (e.g. energy, fat, salt, etc.). The British initiative was followed in the European Union (EU) and influenced similar systems in other countries including the United States.

It is now replaced by Reference Intake (RI) in the UK and the EU.

Nutrition facts label
The nutrition facts label (also known as the nutrition information panel, and other slight variations) is a label required on most packaged food in many countries, showing what nutrients and other ingredients (to limit and get enough of) are in the food. Labels are usually based on official nutritional rating systems. Most countries also release overall nutrition guides for general educational purposes. In some cases, the guides are based on different dietary targets for various nutrients than the labels on specific foods.

Nutrition facts labels are one of many types of food labels required by regulation or applied by manufacturers. They were first introduced in the U.S. in 1994, and in the U.K. in 1996.
Caster
A caster (or castor) is an undriven wheel that is designed to be attached to the bottom of a larger object (the "vehicle") to enable that object to be moved.

Casters are used in numerous applications, including shopping carts, office chairs, toy wagons, hospital beds, and material handling equipment. High capacity, heavy duty casters are used in many industrial applications, such as platform trucks, carts, assemblies, and tow lines in plants.

Wheel
A wheel is a rotating component (typically circular in shape) intended to turn on an axle bearing. The wheel is one of the key components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. Wheels are also used for other purposes, such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel, potter's wheel, and flywheel.

Common examples can be found in transport applications. A wheel reduces friction by facilitating motion by rolling together with the use of axles. In order for a wheel to rotate, a moment must be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by gravity or by the application of another external force or torque.
Hugelshofen
Hugelshofen is a village and former municipality in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.

It was first recorded in year 1176 as Hugolteshouen.

The municipality had 442 inhabitants in 1850, which decreased to 360 in 1900, 359 in 1950 and 325 in 1990.

In 1996 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Alterswilen, Altishausen, Dotnacht, Ellighausen, Lippoldswilen, Neuwilen and Siegershausen to form a new and larger municipality Kemmental.

Neuwilen
Neuwilen is a village and former municipality in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.

The municipality also contained the village Schwaderloh.

In 1996 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Alterswilen, Altishausen, Dotnacht, Ellighausen, Hugelshofen, Lippoldswilen and Siegershausen to form a new and larger municipality Kemmental.

About 250 people live in Neuwilen.  The only public buildings are the primary school building and the kindergarten building.

47°37′19″N 9°08′02″E﻿ / ﻿47.622°N 9.134°E﻿ / 47.622; 9.134
West Bay, Cayman Islands
West Bay is a district located on the west side of the British Overseas Territory of the Cayman Islands in the Caribbean.  The population is 15,335.

West Bay is a residential area located north of Grand Cayman's tourist-popular Seven Mile Beach. It is also a tourist area with destinations such as Hell, Cayman Turtle Farm, Cayman Motor Museum, and Dolphin Adventure. It is home to the Scholars International football club. West Bay features a public beach, complete with changing rooms and bathrooms available to the public. The beach is popular because of its proximity to the restaurants in Grand Cayman. This is the location that many watched the sinking of the USS Kittiwake in 2011.

Grand Cayman
Grand Cayman is the largest of the three Cayman Islands and the location of the territory's capital, George Town. In relation to the other two Cayman Islands, it is approximately 75 miles (121 km) southwest of Little Cayman and 90 miles (145 km) southwest of Cayman Brac.