hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Instruction scheduling
In computer science, instruction scheduling is a compiler optimization used to improve instruction-level parallelism, which improves performance on machines with instruction pipelines. Put more simply, it tries to do the following without changing the meaning of the code:

Avoid pipeline stalls by rearranging the order of instructions.

Avoid illegal or semantically ambiguous operations (typically involving subtle instruction pipeline timing issues or non-interlocked resources).

The pipeline stalls can be caused by structural hazards (processor resource limit), data hazards (output of one instruction needed by another instruction) and control hazards (branching).

Optimizing compiler
An optimizing compiler is a compiler designed to generate code that is optimized in aspects such as minimizing program execution time, memory usage, storage size, and power consumption. Optimization is generally implemented as a sequence of optimizing transformations, a.k.a. compiler optimizations – algorithms that transform code to produce semantically equivalent code optimized for some aspect.

Optimization is limited by a number of factors. Theoretical analysis indicates that some optimization problems are NP-complete, or even undecidable. Also, producing perfectly optimal code is not possible since optimizing for one aspect often degrades performance for another (see: superoptimization). Optimization is a collection of heuristic methods for improving resource usage in typical programs.: 585
IGMP snooping
IGMP snooping is the process of listening to Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) network traffic to control delivery of IP multicasts. Network switches with IGMP snooping listen in on the IGMP conversation between hosts and routers and maintain a map of which links need which IP multicast transmission. Multicasts may be filtered from the links which do not need them, conserving bandwidth on those links.

IGMP snooping is described in an informational IETF RFC but affects bridging operations, the purview of the IEEE. Because of a lack of an authoritative standard, the process may operate differently on different equipment.

Internet Group Management Protocol
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships. IGMP is an integral part of IP multicast and allows the network to direct multicast transmissions only to hosts that have requested them.

IGMP can be used for one-to-many networking applications such as online streaming video and gaming, and allows more efficient use of resources when supporting these types of applications.

IGMP is used on IPv4 networks. Multicast management on IPv6 networks is handled by Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) which is a part of ICMPv6 in contrast to IGMP's bare IP encapsulation.
Metriopelma
Metriopelma is a monotypic genus of Mexican tarantulas currently containing the single species, Metriopelma breyeri. It was first described by Léon Becker (1826–1909) in 1878, and originally found by Eugenio Dugès (1834–1895). This tarantula was named after Albert Breyer (1812–1876), a fellow entomologist. It is native to Mexico in the state of Guanajuato.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Tarik Khbabez
Tarik Khbabez (born 20 April 1992) is a Moroccan-Dutch kickboxer currently signed to Glory, where he is the Glory Light Heavyweight Champion. He won the Superkombat World Grand Prix Heavyweight Tournament in 2015 and competed in ONE Championship where he was a former ONE Light Heavyweight Kickboxing world title challenger. In 2021, he was the runner up for the Glory 77: Rotterdam Heavyweight Tournament.

He was ranked as the #1 light heavyweight by Combat Press as of May 2025, and #1 by Beyond Kickboxing as of May 2025.

2025 in Glory
The year 2025 is the 14th year in the history of Glory, an international kickboxing promotion.

The numbered Glory events are broadcast on various services such as DAZN, Viaplay, Go3 and Pro Arena. Glory Underground events are streamed for free on youtube.
James Fitz-James Stuart, 2nd Duke of Berwick
James Francis (Jacobo Francisco) Fitz-James Stuart, 2nd Duke of Berwick, 2nd Duke of Liria and Xérica (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France, 21 October 1696 – Naples, Italy, 2 June 1738) was a Jacobite and Spanish nobleman.

He inherited titles in the Jacobite and Spanish nobility on the death of his father in battle in 1734 at Philippsburg, during the War of the Polish Succession. He was also Consort Duke of Veragua and of la Vega and a Consort-Marquis of four further titles by his Spanish marriage in 1716. His full title was 2nd Duke of Berwick, 2nd Earl of Tinmouth, 2nd Baron Bosworth, 2nd Duke of Liria and Xerica, Grandee of Spain 1st class (from 1716), Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (from 29 September 1714), as well as the holder of several earldoms.

Duke of Liria and Jérica
Duke of Liria and Jérica (Spanish: Duque de Liria y Jérica) is a title of Spanish nobility, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee of Spain, created the 13 of December of 1707 by King Philip V of Spain for James FitzJames, the illegitimate son of King James II and Arabella Churchill.

Its name refers to the towns of Liria, located in the Province of Valencia, and Jérica, located in the Province of Castellón.

Its original denomination, at the time of its concession was "Duke of Liria and Xérica".
Bud Pyatt
Kedar Davis "Bud" Pyatt Jr. (born May 20, 1933) was Project Orion's chief mathematician. He worked on nuclear physics calculations for the project.

Having a PhD in nuclear physics from Yale University, he created mathematical models of the processes that were occurring, then setting up equations to simulate those processes and calculate the behavior.

Pyatt was born in Wadesboro, North Carolina. He is the father of Geoffrey Pyatt, the former American Assistant Secretary of State for Energy Resources and ambassador to Greece.

Geoffrey R. Pyatt
Geoffrey Ross Pyatt (born November 16, 1963) is a United States diplomat who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Energy Resources from 2022 to 2025. He was previously United States Ambassador to Greece and Ukraine. Pyatt's career in the U.S. State Department has led to posts in Asia, Europe, and Central America.
Ercole I d'Este
Ercole I d'Este (English: Hercules I; 26 October 1431 – 25 January 1505) was Duke of Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio from 1471 until his death in 1505. A member of the House of Este, he was known for his patronage of the arts and for strengthening the duchy's economy and political position. He was nicknamed North Wind and The Diamond.

Duchy of Modena and Reggio
The Duchy of Modena and Reggio (Italian: Ducato di Modena e Reggio; Latin: Ducatus Mutinae et Regii; Emilian: Duchêt ed Mòdna e Rèz) was an Italian state created in 1452 located in Northwestern Italy, in the present-day region of Emilia-Romagna. It was ruled since its establishment by the noble House of Este, and from 1814 by the Austria-Este branch of the family. The Este dynasty was a great sponsor of the arts, making the Duchy a cultural reference during the Renaissance and Baroque periods.
New Market Gap
New Market Gap is a wind gap in the Massanutten Mountain in Virginia.    The 1,804 feet (550 m) gap is located approximately in the middle of the range, dividing it into north and south sections.

U.S. Route 211 runs through the gap, connecting New Market in the Shenandoah Valley with Luray in the Page Valley.  The Massanutten Visitor Center of the George Washington National Forest is off Rt. 211 in the gap.

Page Valley
The Page Valley is a small valley geographically and culturally associated with the Shenandoah Valley.  The valley is located between the Massanutten and Blue Ridge mountain ranges in western Virginia.
Ōhiwa
Ōhiwa is a rural settlement in the Ōpōtiki District and Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is on a headland on the eastern side of Ōhiwa Harbour, and on the western side of the Waiotahe River mouth.

The New Zealand Geographic Board officially included the macron in the name from 16 July 2020.

The Ferry Hotel was opened at Ōhiwa in 1873, together with a ferry service to Ōhope. A post office opened in the growing town in 1877. Unstable sand and erosion from 1915 destroyed the town. A second attempt to create sections for baches in the 1960s was also lost to erosion in 1978.

Onekawa Te Mawhai Regional Park was created on the headland in 2010. It incorporates areas of archaeological importance from long Māori use of the area, including Onekawa pā.

A local campground provides accommodation.

Ōpōtiki District
Ōpōtiki District is a territorial authority district in the eastern Bay of Plenty Region on the North Island of New Zealand. It stretches from Kutarere and the eastern shore of Ōhiwa Harbour in the west to Cape Runaway in the north-east, and south from Ōpōtiki town up the Waioeka River into the Raukumara Range. Ōpōtiki District Council is headquartered in Ōpōtiki, the largest town.

The district has an area of 3101 square kilometres, of which 3090 square kilometres are land. The population was 10,300 as of June 2025.
Hallam F.C.
Hallam Football Club is an English football club based in Crosspool, Sheffield, South Yorkshire. Hallam have played at their Sandygate home in the Sheffield suburb of Crosspool since 1860, with the ground being officially recognised by the Guinness Book of Records as "The Oldest Football Ground in the World". In 1867, the club made history by winning the world's first ever football tournament, the Youdan Cup. Hallam F.C. is also credited with having some of the earliest evidence of passing in football.

Hallam currently play in the Northern Premier League Division One East, at the eighth level of the English football league system.

Sheffield & Hallamshire Senior Cup
The Sheffield & Hallamshire Senior Cup is a county cup competition involving teams within the Sheffield and Hallamshire County Football Association.  Originally named the Sheffield Challenge Cup, it is the 5th oldest surviving cup competition in the world, after the FA Cup (1871–72), the Scottish FA Cup (1873–74), the East of Scotland Shield (1875–76) and the Birmingham Senior Cup (1876-77).

Sheffield and Hallamshire County Football Association members at levels 5–11 of the English football league system are currently eligible to compete in the competition.
Huashi, Beijing
Huashi (Chinese: 花市; pinyin: huāshì), colloquially known as Huarshi and literally the "Flower Market", is a predominantly residential neighborhood to the south of Chongwenmen and Dongbianmen, in Dongcheng, Beijing.  Huashi was known during imperial times for its markets for fresh and handmade flowers and was for centuries, one of Beijing's notable Hui Muslim quarters.

Beijing Ming City Wall Ruins Park
The Beijing Ming City Wall Ruins Park (traditional Chinese: 北京明城牆遺址公園; simplified Chinese: 北京明城墙遗址公园; pinyin: Běijīng Míng Chéngqiáng Yízhǐ Gōngyuán) is a park in Beijing with the longest and best preserved section of the city's Ming Dynasty city wall.  The park is located 3 km (1.9 mi) from the city center and extends east from Chongwenmen to Dongbianmen and then north to near to Beijing Railway Station East Street.  The park features a 1.5 km (0.93 mi) section of the Ming city wall and the Southeast Corner Tower, which are over 550 years old and surrounded by green park space to the south and east.   The park covers an area of 15.5 ha (38 acres), including 3.3 ha (8.2 acres) of fortifications and 12.2 ha (30 acres) of green space. The corner tower and the ramparts atop the wall can be accessed for an admission fee.
Juncos, Puerto Rico
Juncos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxuŋkos]) is a town and one of the 78 municipalities of Puerto Rico. It is located in the eastern central region of the island to the west of the Caguas Valley, south of Canóvanas and Carolina; southeast of Gurabo; east of San Lorenzo; and west of Las Piedras. Juncos is spread over 9 barrios and Juncos barrio-pueblo (the downtown area and administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Juncos was founded on the request of Tomás Pizarro on August 2, 1797, having previously been a village which evolved from a small ranch, the Hatillo de los Juncos. This ranch was part of the Hato del Valenciano, which gave its name to the Río Valenciano which bisects the city before joining the Río Gurabo to the north of the settlement.

Juncos is Spanish for reeds.

San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area
The San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area, most commonly known as the San Juan metropolitan area (Spanish: área metropolitana de San Juan), is the largest and most populous metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Puerto Rico, concentrated in the capital of San Juan and surrounding municipalities, including Bayamón, Caguas, and Carolina, on the northeastern coastal plain of the main island. One of 6 metropolitan statistical areas in Puerto Rico, it is within the San Juan–Bayamón combined statistical area (CSA), which is one of 3 combined statistical areas in the archipelago as defined by the United States Census Bureau. As of 2023, the estimated population of the San Juan–Bayamón–Caguas metropolitan area is 842,535 in municipalities in the conurbation and 1,193,198 in municipalities outside the urban core, making it the fourth largest in the insular Caribbean.
Thomas Dixon, 1st Baron of Symondstone
Thomas de Keith was born in 1247, scion of Clan Keith, by his father Richard de Keith (1225–1249), the Lord Marischals of Scotland, and Clan Douglas (by Margaret Douglas, daughter of William, Third Lord Douglas).

Thomas was created Thomas Dixon, First Baron of Symondstone and Hazleside, Captain of Douglas Castle by King Robert Bruce in 1317.

Jeremiah Dixon
Jeremiah Dixon (27 July 1733 – 22 January 1779) was an English surveyor and astronomer best known for surveying the Mason–Dixon line with Charles Mason from 1763 to 1767. The line came to mark the borders between Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware. Dixon's name may be the origin for the nickname Dixie used in reference to the Southern United States.
François Cluzet
François Cluzet (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa klyzɛ]; born 21 September 1955) is a French film and theatre actor. Cluzet has collaborated with many important European and American directors, including Claude Chabrol, Bertrand Tavernier, Claire Denis, Agnieszka Holland, Robert Altman and Olivier Assayas. In 2007, he won a French César Award after starring as a doctor suspected of double homicide in the thriller Tell No One (original title Ne le dis à personne). Cluzet is best known for his role as Philippe in the film The Intouchables (2011).

One Deadly Summer
One Deadly Summer (French: L'Été meurtrier) is a 1983 French drama film directed by Jean Becker from a screenplay by Sébastien Japrisot, based on Japrisot's 1977 novel of the same name. Isabelle Adjani won a César Award for Best Actress for her performance in this film. The film was successful in France, gaining 5,137,040 admissions and becoming the second highest-grossing film of the year.
New Brunswick Route 16
Route 16 is a two-lane highway in the Canadian province of New Brunswick.  The 52-kilometre (32 mi) route begins at Route 2 in Tantramar and ends at the midpoint of the Confederation Bridge, where it becomes Prince Edward Island Route 1.

It functions as a secondary leg of the Trans-Canada Highway to connect Prince Edward Island with the mainline Trans-Canada Highway Route 2 in Tantramar.

Route 16 is the last section of the Trans-Canada in New Brunswick that is not four lanes wide, with no plans in the near future to be widened, as the Confederation Bridge is also only two lanes.

Cape Jourimain
Cape Jourimain is an area made of two islands and a section of mainland along the southwestern shore of the Northumberland Strait, three kilometres west of New Brunswick's easternmost point at Cape Tormentine. The two islands, Jourimain and Trenholm, have been connected to the mainland since 1966 by an artificial causeway. Cape Jourimain is the historic crossing point from New Brunswick (NB) to Prince Edward Island (PEI) and is host to the western end of the Confederation Bridge, Canada's longest fixed-link crossing. In 1980, the two islands, including a section of mainland, were designated as a National Wildlife Area (NWA)  and in 2001 the Cape Jourimain Nature Centre, operated by a charitable nonprofit organization, was opened to the public.
Bacardi
Bacardi Limited (/bəˈkɑːrdi/ bə-KAR-dee, Spanish: [bakaɾˈði], Catalan: [bəkəɾˈði]) is the largest privately held, family-owned spirits company in the world. Originally known for its Bacardí brand of white rum, it now has a portfolio of more than 200 brands and labels. Founded in Cuba in 1862 by Facundo Bacardí i Massó, a Spanish businessman born in Sitges, Bacardi Limited has been family-owned for seven generations, and employs more than 8,000 people with sales in approximately 170 countries. Bacardi Limited is the group of companies as a whole and includes Bacardi International Limited.

Bacardi Limited is headquartered in Hamilton, Bermuda, and has a board of directors led by the original founder's great-great-grandson, Facundo L. Bacardí, the board's chairman. The company's Cathedral of Rum in Puerto Rico, the largest rum distillery in the world, produces 85% of Bacardi rum worldwide, while the remaining 15% originates from distilleries in Mexico and India.

Santiago de Cuba
Santiago de Cuba (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkuβa]) is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some 870 km (540 mi) southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana.

The municipality extends over 1,023.8 km2 (395.3 sq mi), and contains the communities of Antonio Maceo, Bravo, Castillo Duany, Daiquirí, El Caney, El Cobre, El Cristo, Guilera, Leyte Vidal, Moncada and Siboney.

Historically Santiago de Cuba has been the second-most important city on the island after Havana, and remains the second-largest. It lies on a bay connected to the Caribbean Sea and is an important sea port. In 2022, the city of Santiago de Cuba recorded a population of 507,167 people.
Seibu 10000 series
The Seibu 10000 series (西武10000系) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Seibu Railway on limited express services in the Tokyo area of Japan since 1993.

Seibu Railway
Seibu Railway Company, Ltd. (西武鉄道株式会社, Seibu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a conglomerate based in Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan, with principal business areas in railways, tourism, and real estate. Seibu Railway's operations are concentrated in northwest Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture; the name "Seibu" is an abbreviation of "west Musashi", referring to the historic name for this area. It and its holding company hold shares of numerous bus, hotel and tourism operations nationwide.
Villa Park High School
Villa Park High School (VPHS) is a four-year suburban public high school located in the city of Villa Park, California, United States. It was built in 1964 and is one of four comprehensive high schools in the Orange Unified School District. The campus serves students residing in Villa Park and portions of the cities of Orange and Anaheim.

Enrollment at VPHS (for the 2020–2021 school year) was 2,185 students. The ethnic breakdown of the student population was 10.4% Asian, 51.5% Hispanic, 0.8% African American and 32.1% white (non-Hispanic). The professional staff includes 88 teachers, six counselors, a library media specialist, a career adviser, an activities director, and three administrators. A dedicated classified staff also supports the school program.

The school Academic Performance Index (API) for the 2011–2012 school year was 815, a six-point increase over the previous year.

Orange Unified School District
Orange Unified School District (OUSD) is a public school district headquartered in Orange, California.

Orange USD serves the cities of Orange and Villa Park, the unincorporated land of Silverado, and parts of Anaheim, Garden Grove, Santa Ana, and Yorba Linda. Its student enrollment during the 2004–2005 school year was approximately around the number 31,600.
Shigeto Oshida
Father Shigeto Vincent Oshida (Japanese: 押田 成人; January 15, 1922 – November 6, 2003) was a Japanese Dominican priest, Zen Buddhist monk, writer, and mystic. Noted for simultaneously being a Dominican friar and Zen Buddhist master, Oshida was known for engaging in interfaith dialogue throughout his life.

Fujimi, Nagano
Fujimi (富士見町, Fujimi-machi) is a town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the town had an estimated population of 14,485 in 5958 households, and a population density of 102 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 144.76 square kilometres (55.89 sq mi).
OpenLeft
OpenLeft was a political blog active from July 9, 2007 until February 2011 by Matt Stoller, Chris Bowers (originally of MyDD) and Mike Lux, a former official in the White House under President Bill Clinton. Covering political and social issues from a progressive standpoint, it spearheaded a number of causes, including focusing attention and criticism on the Blue Dog Democrats and supporting net neutrality. The website's campaign garnered criticism from a number of Democrats, including Brian Baird.

On February 4, 2011 Bowers announced that Open Left would cease publishing new content, although previously published content would remain available. He explained, "As the people who founded the site, myself included, moved on to other projects, we have gradually run out of money to maintain operations."

MyDD
MyDD was the first large collaborative politically progressive American politics blog. It was established by Jerome Armstrong in 2001. Its name was originally short for "My Due Diligence." In 2005, MyDD was profiled in Campaigns and Elections magazine, crediting the site with being "the first major liberal blog." In January 2006, the name was changed to "My Direct Democracy" as part of a site redesign, with the new tagline "Direct Democracy for People-Powered Politics."
Saumya Liyanage
Saumya Prabath Danwatta Liyanage, popularly as Saumya Liyanage (Sinhala: සෞම්‍ය ලියනගේ) is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, stage drama and television. He is a senior lecturer and currently the Dean, Faculty of Graduate Studies in University of the Visual and Performing Arts by profession. Highly versatile actor mainly involved in dramatic roles, Saumya is the son of veteran dramatist Hemasiri Liyanage and brother of musician Indrachapa Liyanage.

Hemasiri Liyanage
Hemasiri Dhanawatha Liyanage  (Sinhala: හේමසිරි ලියනගේ, born December 25, 1942), is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater, and television. He is well known for the dramatic roles in Thattu Gewal and Thaththa teledramas and films Sankranthi, Sthuthi Nawatha Enna and Madhura Charika.