hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delphinium inopinum
Delphinium inopinum is a species of larkspur known by the common name unexpected larkspur. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada of California, where it is known mostly from rocky areas in open temperate coniferous forest habitat.

Delphinium
Delphinium is a genus of about 300 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. The genus was erected by Carl Linnaeus.

All members of the genus Delphinium are toxic to humans and livestock. The common name larkspur is shared between perennial Delphinium species and annual species of the genus Consolida. Molecular data show that Consolida, as well as another segregate genus, Aconitella, are both embedded in Delphinium.

The genus name Delphinium derives from the Ancient Greek word δελφίνιον (delphínion) which means "dolphin", a name used in De Materia Medica for some kind of larkspur. Pedanius Dioscorides said the plant got its name because of its dolphin-shaped flowers.
Mother Camels
The protecting Mother Camels (Arabic العوائذ alʽawaʼid) is an asterism in the constellation of Draco described by ancient Arabic nomadic tribes. The asterism was interpreted as a ring of mother camels – Beta Draconis (Rastaban), Gamma Draconis (Eltanin), Nu Draconis (Kuma) and Xi Draconis (Grumium) – surrounding a foal (the faint star Alruba), with another mother camel, Mu Draconis (Alrakis) running to join them.

The Arabs did not see the constellation Draco as it is now. The Mother Camels were protecting the foal from the attack of two wolves or jackals – Zeta Draconis (Aldhibah) and Eta Draconis (Athebyne). The faint pair Omega Draconis and 27 Draconis was known as the "wolf's claws" (الأظفار الذئب al-ʼaẓfār al-dhiʼb).

Draco (constellation)
Draco is a constellation in the far northern sky. Its name is Latin for dragon. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century Greek astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. The north pole of the ecliptic is in Draco. Draco is circumpolar from northern latitudes, meaning that it never sets and can be seen at any time of year.
Joe Kurth
Joseph James Kurth (January 23, 1907 – January 6, 1987) was an American football tackle for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Wisconsin and Notre Dame where he was named a unanimous All-American in 1932.

1932 All-America college football team
The 1932 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1932. The eight selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1932 season are (1) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (2) the Associated Press, (3) the United Press, (4) the All-America Board, (5) the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA); (6) the International News Service (INS), (7) Liberty magazine, and (8) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA).
Puerto Rico National Guard
The Puerto Rico National Guard (PRNG; Spanish: Guardia Nacional de Puerto Rico) is the national guard of the U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The Constitution of the United States specifically charges the National Guard with dual federal and state missions, which includes to provide soldiers and airmen to the United States Army and U.S. Air Force in national emergencies or when requested by the president of the United States, and to perform military operations at the state level or any other lawful service as requested by the governor of Puerto Rico. The PRNG responds to the governor of Puerto Rico, who serves as its commander in chief and imparts orders with the Puerto Rico adjutant general acting as conduit, and its local mission is to respond as requested in military or civilian tasks. Abroad, its main function is to train a reserve capable of providing additional personnel in a war scenario.

Jayuya Uprising
The Jayuya Uprising, also known as Jayuya Revolt or Cry of Jayuya (Spanish: Grito de Jayuya), was a Nationalist insurrection that took place on October 30, 1950, in the town of Jayuya, Puerto Rico. The insurrection, led by Blanca Canales, was one of the multiple insurrections that occurred throughout Puerto Rico on that day against the Puerto Rican government supported by the United States. The insurrectionists were opposed to US sovereignty over Puerto Rico.
VS-MK2 mine
The VS-MK-2 is a plastic bodied scatterable anti-personnel blast mine manufactured by the now-defunct Valsella Meccanotecnica, SpA, an Italian high-tech defence contractor that specialized in the development and production of area denial systems. The mine is extremely difficult to detect because of its low metal content i.e. it is a minimum metal mine. Additionally, it is resistant to blast overpressure due to a pneumatic system in the fuze. The mine will also function in up to 1 metre of water. An electrically fused anti-handling version of the mine was also produced designated VS-MK-2-EL, VS-MK-2-E or VS-MK2 AR-AN to hinder clearance attempts. Although Italy has ceased production of this mine it may still be found in uncleared minefields in Angola, Sudan and the Western Sahara.

Anti-personnel mine
An anti-personnel mine or anti-personnel landmine (APL) is a form of mine designed for use against humans, as opposed to an anti-tank mine, which target vehicles. APLs are classified into: blast mines and fragmentation mines; the latter may or may not be a bounding mine.

APLs are often designed to injure and maim, not kill, their victims to overwhelm the logistical (mostly medical) support system of enemy forces that encounter them. Some types of APLs can also damage the tracks on armoured vehicles or the tires of wheeled vehicles.

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines has sought to ban mines and destroy stockpile. For this purpose, it introduced in 1997 the Ottawa Treaty, which has not yet been accepted by over 30 states and has not guaranteed the protection of citizens against APLs planted by non-state armed groups.
Da Mansong Diarra
Da Mansong Diarra, also spelled Da Manzon, was the ruling Faama of the Segou Empire from 1808 to 1827. During his reign, the province of Massina was lost when he was defeated by Sekou Amadou at the Battle of Noukouma in 1818.

Ségou Empire
The Ségou Empire (also Bambara or Bamana Empire, Bambara: ߓߊ߲ߓߊߙߊ߲߫ ߝߊ߯ߡߟߊ, romanized: Banbaran Fāmala) was one of the largest states of West Africa in the 18th century.: 408  Along with Kaarta it was one of the most important successors of the Songhai Empire. Based on an earlier kingdom established in 1640, it grew into a powerful empire in the early 18th century under Bitòn Coulibaly. The empire existed as a centralized state from 1712 until the 1861 invasion by the Toucouleur conqueror El Hadj Umar Tall.
Burlington South (provincial electoral district)
Burlington South was the name of a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada. It was abolished prior to the 1999 election into Burlington and Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Aldershot. For the 1987, 1990 and 1995 provincial elections it consisted of the City of Burlington south of the Queen Elizabeth Way and Highway 403, except the southeastern corner: east of Appleby Line and south of New Street.

Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Aldershot (provincial electoral district)
Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Aldershot was a provincial electoral district in southwestern Ontario, Canada, that elected one member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It was created in 1999 from Wentworth North, Burlington South and Halton Centre. It was abolished in 2007 and redistributed into Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale, Burlington, Hamilton Centre, Hamilton Mountain and Niagara West—Glanbrook.

The riding included the municipalities of Ancaster, Dundas and Flamborough plus that part of Burlington south of a line going along King Road to the 403 to the QEW.
Dan Griffiths (rugby union, born 1979)
Daniel Phillip Griffiths (born 1 February 1979) in Carmarthen, Wales is a rugby union player for Bridgend Ravens. He previously played for Whitland RFC and Aviron Bayonnais.  He then played over 150 games for Newport RFC and became the highest all time points scorer for the club in February 2008 at Maesteg.  In doing so, he beat Paul Turner's record which had stood since 1992.  He has also appeared twice for the Newport Gwent Dragons, coming on as a replacement against Munster and the Ospreys in 2005. In June 2010 he joined Bridgend Ravens, later taking up a coaching role, and in November 2012, he was appointed Elite Youth Performance Manager at the Ospreys.

Bridgend Ravens
Bridgend Ravens (Welsh: Cigfrain Pen-y-bont) (formerly Bridgend RFC) are a semi-professional rugby union club based in Bridgend, South Wales.

They currently play in Super Rygbi Cymru and are a feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
Lincoln Park Zoo (Manitowoc)
Lincoln Park Zoo is a small municipal zoo located in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. The zoo has just under 200 animals, including black bear, bald eagle, cougar, lynx and others. It is situated along the Little Manitowoc River and provides a deck for viewing ducks, geese, and many other birds that gather along the river.

Manitowoc, Wisconsin
Manitowoc (/ˈmænɪtəwɒk/ ⓘ MAN-it-ə-wok) is a city in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Manitowoc River. The population was 34,626 at the 2020 census.
Bob Murray (businessman)
Sir Robert Sydney Murray CBE (born 3 August 1946) is a businessman and former chairman of Sunderland AFC. An accountant by trade, he made his fortune through the growth and sale of the Spring Ram kitchen manufacturing company.

Drumaville Consortium
The Drumaville Consortium was a group of seven Irish businessmen and one English businessman led by former footballer Niall Quinn, who were involved in the 2006 takeover of English Premier League football club Sunderland A.F.C. The consortium was named after the village of Drumaville in County Donegal.
Promenade de la Croisette
The Promenade de la Croisette (French: [pʁɔm(ə)nad də la kʁwazɛt]), or Boulevard de la Croisette, is a prominent road in Cannes, France. It stretches along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and is about 2 km long. The Croisette is known for the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, where the Cannes Film Festival is held. Many expensive shops, upscale restaurants, and hotels (such as the Carlton, Majestic, JW Marriott Cannes, and Martinez) line the road. It goes completely along the coastline of Cannes.

The Croisette is listed in the cultural heritage general inventory of France.

Palais des Festivals et des Congrès
The Palais des Festivals et des Congrès (French pronunciation: [palɛ de fɛstival e de kɔ̃ɡʁɛ], Palace of Festivals and Conferences) is a convention centre in Cannes, France. It is the primary venue for the annual Cannes Film Festival, the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity, MIPIM, and the NRJ Music Awards. The second building was unveiled in 1982.
Santo Domingo Coatlán Zapotec
Coatlán Zapotec (Western Miahuatlán Zapotec) is a Zapotec language spoken in southern Oaxaca, Mexico. It uses linguolabial sounds as onomatopoeia.

It is also known as San Miguel Zapotec and Zapoteco de Santa María Coatlán, to distinguish it from Zapoteco de San Vicente Coatlán. It is the only language that uses the linguolabial click. However, it is only used for onomatopoeias.

Zapotec languages
The Zapotec /ˈzæpətɛk/ ZAP-ə-tek languages are a group of around 50 closely related indigenous Mesoamerican languages that constitute a main branch of the Oto-Manguean language family and are spoken by the Zapotec people from the southwestern-central highlands of Mexico. A 2020 census reports nearly half a million speakers, with the majority inhabiting the state of Oaxaca. Zapotec-speaking communities are also found in the neighboring states of Puebla, Veracruz, and Guerrero. Labor migration has also brought a number of native Zapotec speakers to the United States, particularly in California and New Jersey. Most Zapotec-speaking communities are highly bilingual in Spanish.
Whittington, Staffordshire
Whittington is a village and civil parish which lies approximately 3 miles south east of Lichfield, in the Lichfield district of Staffordshire, England.  According to the 2001 census it had a population of 2,591, increasing to 2,603 at the 2011 Census. The parish council is a joint one with Fisherwick. The Coventry Canal borders the village to the north and east.

Fisherwick
Fisherwick is a civil parish in the Lichfield district, Staffordshire, England. Located about 4 miles (6 km) east of the City of Lichfield, the parish does not include a village, just a scattered collection of farms and houses. The ancient settlement, dating back to the 12th century, and the manor of Fisherwick Park no longer exist. The parish council is a joint one with Whittington. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 201.

Adjacent to the Fisherwick settlement is the hamlet of Hademore, which is divided by the West Coast Main Line via Tamworth, and is next to the Coventry Canal. The level crossing over the WCML at Hademore was replaced by a bridge at Christmas 2006.

The River Tame forms the eastern and northern boundary of the parish as it flows northwards.
Job 1
Job 1 is the first chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE. This chapter belongs to the prologue of the book,comprising Job 1:1–2:13.

Ezekiel 14
Ezekiel 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet/priest Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter records a visit of some of the elders of Israel to Ezekiel, and God's response through the prophet dealing with the sins of idolatry.
Mesrop Mashtots
Mesrop Mashtots (listenⓘ; Armenian: Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց, romanized: Mesrop Maštoc' 362 – 17 February 440 AD) was an  Armenian linguist, composer, theologian, statesman, and hymnologist. He is venerated as a saint in the Armenian Apostolic Church.

He is best known for inventing the Armenian alphabet c. 405 AD, which was a fundamental step in strengthening Armenian national identity. He is also considered to be the creator of the Caucasian Albanian and, possibly, the Georgian script, though it is disputed.

Hrachia Acharian
Hrachia Acharian (Armenian: Հրաչեայ Աճառեան, reformed spelling: Հրաչյա Աճառյան; pronounced [həɾɑt͡ʃʰˈjɑ ɑt͡ʃɑrˈjɑn]; 8 March 1876 – 16 April 1953) was an Armenian linguist, lexicographer, etymologist, and philologist.

An Istanbul Armenian, Acharian studied at local Armenian schools and at the Sorbonne, under Antoine Meillet, and the University of Strasbourg, under Heinrich Hübschmann. He then taught in various Armenian communities in the Russian Empire and Iran before settling in the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1923, working at Yerevan State University until his death.

A polyglot, Acharian compiled several major dictionaries, including the monumental Armenian Etymological Dictionary, extensively studied Armenian dialects, compiled catalogs of Armenian manuscripts, and authored comprehensive studies on the history of Armenian language and alphabet. Acharian is considered the father of Armenian linguistics.
1997 Anjouan independence referendum
An independence referendum was held on Anjouan, an island in the Comoros, on 26 October 1997. Over 99% of voters voted in favour of independence. However, the vote was not recognised and the island returned to the control of the Comorian government in 2001.

Anjouan
Anjouan ([ɑ̃.ʒu.ɑ̃]) is an autonomous volcanic island in the Comoro Islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, part of the Union of the Comoros. It is known in Shikomori as Ndzuani, Ndzuwani or Nzwani, and, until the early twentieth century when the name fell out of general use (although still sometimes used by English-speakers in Zanzibar), in English as Johanna. Historically it was also called Hinzuan or Hanzoan.

Its chief town is Mutsamudu and, as of 2006, its population is around 277,500. The total area of the island is 424 square kilometres (163 square miles).
Chubrika
Chubrika (Bulgarian: Чубрика) is a village in Ardino Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern-central Bulgaria.  It is located 199.97 kilometres (124.26 mi) from Sofia, roughly 21.3 kilometres (13.2 mi) by road southwest of the city of Kardzhali, and roughly 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) by road east of the municipal town of Ardino. To the north is Yabalkovets and to the northeast is Kobilyane, along the 865 road. It covers an area of 5.782 square kilometres (2.232 sq mi) and as of 2007 had a population of 153 people. It was formerly called Fakrŭ Bunar.

Yabalkovets
Yabalkovets (Bulgarian: Ябълковец) is a mountain village in Ardino Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern-central Bulgaria.  It is located 199.97 kilometres (124.26 mi) from Sofia, and roughly 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) by road northeast of the municipal town of Ardino. To the southeast is Chubrika. It covers an area of 11.232 square kilometres and as of 2013 had a population of 204 people.

In 2012, Yabulkovets Mountain Inn, a.k.a. Mountain View Wellness Complex, with 32 rooms, restaurant, sauna, Jacuzzi, steam bath, indoor and outdoor pools and other facilities opened.
Gain (laser)
In laser physics, gain or amplification is a process where the medium transfers part of its energy to the emitted electromagnetic radiation, resulting in an increase in optical power. This is the basic principle of all lasers.
Quantitatively, gain is a measure of the ability of a laser medium to increase optical power. However, overall a laser consumes energy.

McCumber relation
The McCumber relation (or McCumber theory) is a relationship between the effective cross-sections of absorption and emission of light in the physics of solid-state lasers. It is named after Dean McCumber, who proposed the relationship in 1964.
Enfield, New South Wales
Enfield is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 11 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of Municipality of Burwood.

Strathfield South, New South Wales
Strathfield South is a suburb, in the Inner West of Sydney, Australia in the state of New South Wales, 13 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the Strathfield local government area. The area was historically part of Druitt Town. Later it was part of Enfield, until Enfield Council was absorbed into Strathfield and Burwood councils, after which the part within Strathfield council was renamed Strathfield South.

North Strathfield and Strathfield are separate suburbs, to the north. Strathfield South is located between Liverpool Road (Hume Highway) and the Cooks River, bordered on the east by Coronation Parade and to the west by the Enfield Marshalling Yards.
Jean-Pierre Kwambamba Masi
Jean-Pierre Kwambamba Masi (born 9 August 1960) is a Catholic bishop who serves in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Kwambamba Masi was born in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and was ordained to the priesthood in 1986. He served as a papal master of ceremony in the Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff from 2009 to 2015. He served as the titular bishop of Naratcata and as auxiliary bishop of the Catholic Archdiocese of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, from 2015 to 2018 and as Bishop of Kenge from 2018 to the present.

Diocese of Kenge
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Kenge (Latin: Kengen(sis)) is a suffragan Latin diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Kinshasa.

Its cathedral and episcopal see is the Cathedral of Blessed Anwarite (French: Cathédrale Bienheureuse Anwarite) in the city of Kenge, Bas-Congo, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Kongo Central province.
Shelter (2007 film)
Shelter is a 2007 American romantic drama film produced by JD Disalvatore and directed and written by Jonah Markowitz. It stars Trevor Wright, Brad Rowe, and Tina Holmes. It was the winner of "Outstanding Film–Limited Release" at the 2009 GLAAD Media Awards, Best New Director and Favorite Narrative Feature at the Seattle Lesbian & Gay Film Festival, and the People's Choice Award for Best Feature at the Vancouver Queer Film Festival. Shelter represents the feature directorial debut of Markowitz.

Shane McAnally
Shane Lamar McAnally (born October 12, 1974) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and record producer. He debuted as a singer in 1999 with his self-titled album on Curb Records. This project produced three singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts, including "Are Your Eyes Still Blue".

After a hiatus from music, McAnally returned to songwriting, having his first major success with "Last Call" by Lee Ann Womack in 2008. From the early 2010s onward, McAnally has worked almost exclusively as a songwriter and producer. Artists with whom he has worked include Old Dominion, Midland, and Kacey Musgraves. He has won four Grammy Awards and multiple awards from the Country Music Association (CMA). In 2023, he collaborated with Brandy Clark in writing the musical Shucked.
Alamance County, North Carolina
Alamance County (/ˈæləmæns/ ⓘ) is a county in North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,415. Its county seat is Graham. Formed in 1849 from Orange County to the east, Alamance County has been the site of significant historical events, textile manufacturing, and agriculture.

Alamance County comprises the Burlington, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 1,736,099 in 2023.

Cedarock Park
Cedarock Park is a 500-acre (2.0 km2) nature preserve, historic farm, and passive-use park located near Bellemont in Alamance County, North Carolina.  The park opened in 1975 with Ronald Dean Coleman serving as the Parks Director for the county at the time.  He envisioned a natural area just a few miles from town where anyone could come and explore some of the most beautiful property Alamance County has to offer.
Hongze Lake
Hongze Lake, previously romanized as Lake Hungtze or Hung-tse, is the fifth-largest freshwater lake in China. Although it is known to have existed from antiquity, it drastically increased in size during the Qing when the Yellow River—then still flowing south of Shandong—merged with the Huai. The increased sediment and flow combined to greatly expand the lake, swallowing the previous regional center of Sizhou and the Ming Zuling tombs. During the imperial and republican periods, the lake formed part of the border between Jiangsu and Anhui provinces but since 1955, border changes have put it entirely in Jiangsu, in the counties of Sihong and Siyang in Suqian Prefecture and Xuyi and Hongze in Huai'an Prefecture. Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the lake has generally decreased in size as more of its inflow has been diverted for irrigation.

Hongze, Huai'an
Hongze (simplified Chinese: 洪泽; traditional Chinese: 洪澤; pinyin: Hóngzé) is one of four districts (a former county) of the prefecture-level city of Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China. Occupying the southeastern shores of Lake Hongze, it borders the prefecture-level cities of Suqian to the northwest and Yangzhou (briefly) to the east.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the New Fourth Army established Huaibao and Hongze counties around Lake Hongze, in 1940 and 1941 respectively. Both counties were dissolved in 1950. The new Hongze county, within a wider area around the lake, was founded to implement the guiding principle of "reshuffling administrative divisions by the lake" in 1956.