hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Firewind
Firewind is a Greek power metal band formed in Thessaloniki in 1998. The group is currently signed to AFM records and was originally a small project created by guitarist Gus G. to showcase his demo, Nocturnal Symphony, in 1998. Firewind later became a full band over three years later when they recorded their debut album, Between Heaven and Hell. To date, the band has released ten studio albums and has been met with international success.

Days of Defiance
Days of Defiance is the sixth studio album by Greek heavy metal band Firewind. It was released on 25 October 2010 in Europe and 26 October in North America.

The guitars, bass, keyboards and drums were recorded at Sound Symmetry Studios and Zero Gravity Studios in Greece while the vocals were recorded at Studio Landgren 5,0 in Sweden. All backing vocals were recorded by Marcus Pålsson. The artwork was done by Gustavo Sazes.
Bristol city centre
Bristol city centre is the commercial, cultural and business centre of Bristol, England. It is the area north of the New Cut of the River Avon, bounded by Clifton Wood and Clifton to the north-west, Kingsdown and Cotham to the north, and St Pauls, Lawrence Hill and St Phillip's Marsh to the east. The Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, BBC Broadcasting House, the main campus of the University of Bristol, Bristol Crown Court and Magistrate's Courts, Temple Meads railway station, Bristol bus station, the Park Street, Broadmead and Cabot Circus shopping areas together with numerous music venues, theatres and restaurants are located in this area. The area consists of the council wards of Central, Hotwells & Harbourside, and part of Lawrence Hill.

Kingsdown, Bristol
Kingsdown is an area of Bristol, located on high ground immediately north of the city centre and south of Cotham. It lies within the Cotham council ward.

Kingsdown remained rural until the 18th century, but around 1737 land on the southern slope was laid out to become Bristol's first planned suburb.  The area was fully developed over the remainder of the century, and as a result Kingsdown has a mostly Georgian character.  There are more than 200 listed buildings, and much of the area has been a conservation area since 1973.

St Matthew's Church was built on the northern side of Kingsdown between 1833 and 1835.
MAPK4
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK4 gene.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. Tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors activate mitogen-activated protein kinases which then translocate into the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets.

The Arabidopsis MAPK4 is important in signalling

Mechanistically, MAPK4 directly bound and activated AKT by phosphorylation of the activation loop at threonine 308. It also activated mTORC2 to phosphorylate AKT at serine 473 for full activation. MAPK4 overexpression induced oncogenic outcomes, including transforming prostate epithelial cells into anchorage-independent growth, and MAPK4 knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and xenograft growth.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Mangapai River
The Mangapai River is a river of the Northland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is perhaps better described as a silty arm of Whangārei Harbour, located 10 kilometres (6 mi) due south of Whangārei. Its average width is some 4 metres (13 ft), but the silty nature of its course means that the stream itself is far narrower.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "good stream" for Mangapai.

Whangārei
Whangārei is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the largest settlement of the Northland Region. It is part of the Whangarei District, created in 1989 from the former Whangarei City, Whangarei County and Hikurangi Town councils to administer both the city and its hinterland. The city population was estimated to be 56,100 in June 2025, an increase from 47,000 in 2001.
SPHINCS+
SPHINCS+ is a post quantum digital signature scheme that is based on cryptographic hash functions. As a part of the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization process, a version of the scheme was elected by the NIST to be the basis of the Stateless Hash-based Digital Signature Algorithm (SLH-DSA) and was standardized as FIPS 205.

NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization
Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization is a program and competition by NIST to update their standards to include post-quantum cryptography. It was announced at PQCrypto 2016. Twenty-three signature schemes and fifty-nine encryption/KEM schemes were submitted by the initial submission deadline at the end of 2017 of which sixty-nine total were deemed complete and proper and participated in the first round. Seven of these, of which three are signature schemes, advanced to the third round, which was announced in July 2020.

On August 13, 2024, NIST released final versions of the first three Post Quantum Crypto Standards: FIPS 203, FIPS 204, and FIPS 205.
Birding (magazine)
Birding is the bimonthly magazine of the American Birding Association. Birding publishes articles on field identification, bird conservation, notable sightings, and other subjects of interest to the birding community. Each issue also includes critical reviews of new equipment and books. Ted Floyd and Frank Izaguirre are the magazine's editors.

A six-part history of birding in North America as reported in the pages of Birding appeared in 2006.

The History of Birding Part I. 1968–1974

The History of Birding Part II. 1975–1980

The History of Birding Part III. 1981–1987

The History of Birding Part IV. 1988–1993

The History of Birding Part V. 1994–2000

The History of Birding Part VI. 2001–2006

American Birding Association
The American Birding Association (ABA) is a nonprofit organization, founded in 1969, dedicated to recreational birding in Canada and the United States. It has been called "the standard-bearer for serious birding in North America." Originally concentrated on finding, listing, and identifying rare birds, the ABA now seeks to serve all birders with a wide range of services and publications.
1896–97 United States Senate elections
The 1896–97 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1896 and 1897, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

The Democratic Party lost seven seats, mostly to smaller third parties.

55th United States Congress
The 55th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1897, to March 4, 1899, during the first two years of William McKinley's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. There was one African-American member, George Henry White, a Republican from the state of North Carolina, and one Kaw member, Charles Curtis, a Republican from Kansas.
Fushun County, Liaoning
Fushun County (simplified Chinese: 抚顺县; traditional Chinese: 撫順縣; pinyin: Fǔshùn Xiàn), is one of the three counties under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Fushun, in the east of Liaoning province, China. It has a population of about 83,000 in 2020, covering an area of 2,350 square kilometres (910 sq mi).

Fushun
Fushun is a prefecture level city in Liaoning province, China, about 45 km (28 mi) east of Shenyang, with a total area of 11,272 km2 (4,352 sq mi), 714 km2 (276 sq mi) of which is the city proper. Situated on the Hun River ("muddy river"), it is one of the industrial and economic development hubs in Liaoning.
Phidias (crater)
Phidias is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976. Phidias is named for the Greek artist Phidias, who lived from 490 to 430 BCE.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Nearby craters include Balzac to the east and Tyagaraja to the south.

Tyagaraja (crater)
Tyagaraja is a crater on Mercury. Its name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1976. Tyagaraja is named for the Indian composer Tyagaraja.  The crater was first imaged by Mariner 10 in 1974.

Tyagaraja is the third-largest crater of the Kuiperian system on Mercury, at 97 km diameter, after Bartók crater and Amaral crater.

Hollows are present within Tyagaraja.  Within the extensive hollows of Tyagaraja is a dark spot of low reflectance material (LRM), closely associated with the central peak complex.  Another prominent dark spot is located to the southwest of Tyagaraja, on the north rim of an unnamed crater.

An irregular depression is present within the central peak complex of the crater.  This may be evidence of explosive volcanism.

The larger Phidias is to the north, and the crater Stevenson is to the east.

Mariner 10 image with Tyagaraja at bottom

The interior of Tyagaraja, showing its hollows

Oblique view also showing the hollows
Lethia Sherman Hankins
Lethia Sherman Hankins (January 2, 1934 – December 29, 2014) was an educator, civic leader, and politician who was active in Wilmington, North Carolina. In 2005 she received national award from the YWCA, the Dorothy I. Height Racial Justice Award, and in 2020 her portrait was one of five commissioned to hang in Bellamy Mansion in honor of North Carolinian women who impacted women, as part of the centennial celebrations of the League of Women Voters for the ratification of the 19th Amendment.

Williston School
Williston School is a school in Wilmington, North Carolina. It was first founded in 1866 by the abolitionist American Missionary Association after the Union army occupied the city during the civil war. It was intended for freed slaves and initially had 450 pupils divided into five departments: primary, intermediate, advanced, normal and industrial. As it developed, it became known by a variety of names including Williston Graded School, Williston Primary and Industrial School and Williston High School. The original site was on Seventh Street but in 1915, the institution moved to a new campus on Tenth Street and new buildings were constructed in 1933, 1937 and 1954. The institution was closed as a high school in 1968 as part of desegregation and this caused disturbances resulting in the Wilmington Ten. The remaining school on the site is now Williston Middle School of Math, Science & Technology.
Miranda Seymour
Miranda Jane Seymour (born 8 August 1948) is an English literary critic, novelist and biographer of Robert Graves, Mary Shelley, Ada Lovelace and Jean Rhys among others.  She was formerly married to Andrew Sinclair, and Anthony Gottlieb and is now married to Ted Lynch.Her son, Merlin Sinclair, is also a writer (The Cardinal's Man).

Lady Ottoline Morrell
Lady Ottoline Violet Anne Morrell (née Cavendish-Bentinck; 16 June 1873 – 21 April 1938) was an English aristocrat and society hostess. Her patronage was influential in artistic and intellectual circles, where she befriended writers including Aldous Huxley, Siegfried Sassoon, T. S. Eliot and D. H. Lawrence, and artists including Mark Gertler, Dora Carrington and Gilbert Spencer.
Witchfinder General (band)
Witchfinder General was an English heavy metal and doom metal band from Stourbridge. They were part of the new wave of British heavy metal and have been cited as a major influence on the doom metal genre. They were named after the 1968 British horror film Witchfinder General, itself based upon the infamous witchhunter known as Matthew Hopkins.

The band's sound has been described as a "raw, post-Sabbath grind." AllMusic assessed that while Witchfinder General did not achieve the commercial or critical success of other bands from the new wave of British heavy metal, their influence on the emergence on doom metal could not be ignored.

Death Penalty (album)
Death Penalty is the debut studio album by the English heavy metal band Witchfinder General. It was released in 1982 on Heavy Metal Records. The album received some criticism for the cover photograph, which featured topless model Joanne Latham. The photograph had been taken in the yard of St Mary the Blessed Virgin Church in Enville, Staffordshire, without the permission of the local Reverend. The album was originally released on LP and picture disc and was later reissued on CD. Pictured on the cover is Phil Cope, Zeeb Parkes, Graham Ditchfield and a member of their road crew. While Peter Hinton is credited with producing this recording, the writers Phil Cope and Zeeb Parkes always felt the credit should have gone to the engineer Robin George.
Safdar Ali Khan
Safdar Ali Khan (died 2 October 1742) was the son of Dost Ali Khan. After the death of his father on the battlefield at Ambur in 1740, he escaped to Vellore. In the same year, he was installed as the Nawab of Arcot by the Marathas.

There was total insecurity in the country during this period and Safdar Ali Khan took every possible measure to save his country and his family. He sent his son's wife to Madras for safety under the protection of the British, who securely lodged them in the Black Town.

Khan was murdered in 1742 by his brother-in-law Nawab Murtuza Ali Khan, who declared himself as the Nawab of Arcot.

Nawab Murtuza Ali Khan
Nawab Murtuza Ali Khan was the administrator of Vellore in Carnatic region which he inherited from his elder brother. He was brother-in-law and cousin of Safdar Ali Khan the Nawab of the Carnatic from 1740-1742. Muruza Ali Khan refused to pay the increased levies. He prepared a plot with his wife who was also the sister of Safdar Ali, and murdered Safdar Ali to declare himself the Nawab of the Carnatic. The declaration irritated other nobles and brought Saadatullah Khan II also known as (Nawab Saeed Muhammad Khan) the son of Safdar Ali, who was in Madras under the protection of British East India Company, to be recognized as the Nawab of the Carnatic. Muruza Ali Khan hired shooters and killed infant Sa'adatullah Khan II in 1744.: 99:100 : 2:5

Muruza Ali Khan after assassinating Safdar Ali Khan declared himself as the Nawab of Arcot in November 1742 which was soon replaced by Sa'adatullah Khan II with the support of loyal court nobles and British East India Company.: 99
Evektor-Aerotechnik
Evektor-Aerotechnik  is a Czech aircraft manufacturer based in Kunovice, Czech Republic. The company produces a range of light sport aircraft, training, advanced ultralight aircraft and electric aircraft.

Evektor-Aerotechnik is also developing a 9–14 passenger, twin engine turboprop airplane, the EV-55 Outback.

Evektor VUT100 Cobra
The Evektor VUT100 Cobra (also called the VUT 100 and VUT-100) is a Czech light aircraft under development by Evektor-Aerotechnik, of Kunovice. The aircraft is intended to be supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

As of 2017 the manufacturer lists the aircraft as "in development".
Robertson Hill
Robertson Hill (also Sturges Park, Mount Robertson or Te Tapuwae a Mataoho) is one of the volcanoes in the Auckland volcanic field in New Zealand. It erupted approximately 24,300 years ago. The hill, alongside Māngere Lagoon, Waitomokia, Crater Hill, Kohuora and Pukaki Lagoon, is one of the volcanic features collectively referred to as Nga Tapuwae a Mataoho ("The Sacred Footprints of Mataoho"), referring to the deity in Tāmaki Māori myths who was involved in their creation.

Its scoria cone reaches 78 metres above sea level (around 28 m above the surrounding land). The cone sits in the centre of a large explosion (maar) crater with the tuff ring arc still present around the south and east sides. In the 20th century, the scoria cone crater was reshaped into a sports oval with terraced seating, and is the home ground of Otahuhu RFC.

Auckland volcanic field
The Auckland volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes covered by much of the metropolitan area of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, located in the North Island. The approximately 53 volcanoes in the field have produced a diverse array of maars (explosion craters), tuff rings, scoria cones, and lava flows. With the exception of Rangitoto, no volcano has erupted more than once, but the other eruptions lasted for various periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. Rangitoto erupted several times and recently twice; in an eruption that occurred about 600 years ago, followed by a second eruption approximately 50 years later. The field is fuelled entirely by basaltic magma, unlike the explosive subduction-driven volcanism in the central North Island, such as at Mount Ruapehu and Lake Taupō.
Centre Village Meeting House
The Centre Village Meeting House (also known as Union Church of Enfield Center) is a historic meeting house (church) on New Hampshire Route 4A in Enfield Center, New Hampshire. Built in 1836, it is a well-preserved late example of Federal period church architecture, albeit with some Greek Revival stylistic elements. Then as now, it serves as a nondenominational building, serving a variety of small Christian congregations. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Enfield Center, New Hampshire
Enfield Center is an unincorporated community in the town of Enfield in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. It is a separate community from the much larger village of Enfield, which is located in the northern corner of the town.

Enfield Center is located, as the name suggests, near the geographic center of the town of Enfield. It lies along New Hampshire Route 4A, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the southern end of Mascoma Lake and about 3 miles (5 km) south of Enfield village.  The Knox River flows northward through the village on its way from George Pond to Mascoma Lake.

Enfield Center has a separate ZIP code (03749) from the rest of the town of Enfield. Two of its buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places; the Centre Village Meeting House (also known as the Union Church) and the Enfield Center Town House.
Kirkpatrick, Oregon
Kirkpatrick is a census-designated place (CDP) in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, Kirkpatrick had a population of 160. It is part of the Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area .

Umatilla County, Oregon
Umatilla County (/ˌjuːməˈtɪlə/) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population of 81,826 ranks it as the 14th largest in Oregon, and largest in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is the largest and fastest growing city in Umatilla County, but Pendleton remains the county seat.  Umatilla County is part of the Hermiston-Pendleton, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which has a combined population of 94,833. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

The county is named for the Umatilla River.
Radioluminescence
Radioluminescence (or scintillation) is the phenomenon by which light is produced in a material by bombardment with ionizing radiation such as alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.  Radioluminescence is used as a low level light source for night illumination of instruments or signage.  Radioluminescent paint is occasionally used for clock hands and instrument dials, enabling them to be read in the dark.  Radioluminescence is also sometimes seen around high-power radiation sources, such as nuclear reactors and radioisotopes.

Luminescence
Luminescence can be simply defined as any emission of visible electromagnetic radiation (light) not ascribable directly to incandescence. Incandescence emerges at high temperatures due to thermal radiation; in contrast, because luminescence is often independent of temperature, it is sometimes termed cold light. However, some kinds of luminescence (e.g., candoluminescence, pyroluminescence, thermoluminescence) are associated with or require elevated temperatures. Notably, luminescence is exhibited by primary light sources (which emit light) rather than by secondary light sources (which reflect or transmit light).

Luminescence has also been defined to include all optical radiation, rather than being limited to visible radiation. In addition, it has been defined as a spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.
Chain of Lakes (Winter Haven)
The Chain of Lakes is a famous series of lakes in Central Florida.  There are two chains of lakes, the northern chain and the southern chain.  The northern chain extends across three cities: Winter Haven, Lake Alfred, and Lake Hamilton.  It has ten lakes, connected by a series of canals. The ten lakes on the northern chain are Lake Haines, Lake Rochelle, Lake Echo, Lake Conine, Lake Fannie, Lake Smart, Lake Henry, Lake Hamilton, Middle Lake Hamilton, and Little Lake Hamilton.

The southern chain is located almost entirely within the city of Winter Haven. It has 16, sometimes 18, lakes connected by a series of canals. The principal 16 lakes on the southern chain are Lake Howard, Lake Cannon, Lake Shipp, Lake Jessie, Lake Hartridge, Lake Lulu, Lake Roy, Lake Eloise, Little Lake Eloise, Lake Winterset, Little Lake Winterset, Lake May, Lake Mirror, Lake Idylwild, Spring Lake and Lake Summit.

Spring Lake (Winter Haven)
Spring Lake, an oval-shaped lake, has a surface area of 24.19-acre (97,900 m2). Spring Lake  is in a highly urbanized area. On the north shore is a retail area, US Highway 17 is on its east side. Apartment buildings are on the south side of the lake. A wooded area is on the west; about 200 feet (61 m) to Spring Lake's west is Lake Mirror.

There is no public access to the shores of this lake, since it is completely surrounded by private property. However, boats may reach Spring Lake from a canal connecting it to Lake Mirror. This lake is part of the south system of the Winter Haven Chain of Lakes, so it may be reached by boats coming from a number of public boat ramps in the system.  The Hook and Bullet website says this lake contains rainbow trout.
Uses of English verb forms
Modern standard English has various verb forms, including:

Finite verb forms such as go, goes and went

Nonfinite forms such as (to) go, going and gone

Combinations of such forms with auxiliary verbs, such as was going and would have gone

They can be used to express tense (time reference), aspect, mood, modality and voice, in various configurations.

For details of how inflected forms of verbs are produced in English, see English verbs. For the grammatical structure of clauses, including word order, see English clause syntax. For non-standard or archaic forms, see individual dialect articles and thou.

-ing
-ing is a suffix used to make one of the inflected forms of English verbs. This verb form is used as a present participle, as a gerund, and sometimes as an independent noun or adjective. The suffix is also found in certain words like morning and ceiling, and in names such as Browning.