hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Mosque of al-Mansur
The Great Mosque of al-Mansur (Arabic: جامع المنصور, romanized: Djāmiʿ al-Manṣūr) was the chief Friday mosque of Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate.

When the Moroccan scholar and explorer, Ibn Battutah visited the city in 1327, he reported the mosque as still standing, but it disappeared at a later, unknown date; no trace of it survives today.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
English cricket team in Australia in 1891–92
The England national cricket team toured Australia and Ceylon in 1891–92.

The team, captained by W. G. Grace, was organised, financed and managed by Lord Sheffield, who later donated the Sheffield Shield to Australian domestic first-class cricket.

29 matches were played in total, of which 12 were won, two lost and 15 drawn. Eight of the games were first-class games, including three Tests against Australia. Australia won the Test series 2–1. It marked Australia's first Ashes victory, with the first eight being won by England.

The other five first-class matches were against New South Wales (twice), South Australia and Victoria (twice).

Hylton Philipson
Hylton "Punch" Philipson (8 June 1866 in Tynemouth, Northumberland, England – 4 December 1935(1935-12-04) (aged 69) at Hyde Park, London, England) was a cricketer who played first-class cricket for Oxford University between 1887 and 1889 and for Middlesex between 1895 and 1898. He played five Test matches for England between 1892 and 1895.
2020 ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The 2020 International Tennis Federation (ITF) Men's World Tennis Tour is a second-tier tour for Men's professional tennis. It is organized by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the ATP Challenger Tour. The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 to $25,000. The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour is the product of reforms designed to support talented junior players in their progression to the senior game, and target the prize money effectively at professional tournaments to enable more players to make a living.

The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour was suspended between 13 March to 16 August due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Due to the pandemic, only 152 tournaments were held in the 2020 season, 388 tournaments less than in 2019.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Granville Notch
Granville Notch, or Granville Gulf, is a notch, or mountain pass, located in Granville, Vermont.

North of the height of land, the notch is the source of the Mad River, which drains into the Winooski River, and into Lake Champlain.
Lake Champlain drains into the Richelieu River in Quebec, thence into the Saint Lawrence River, and into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
To the south, the notch is drained by Alder Meadow Brook, a tributary of the White River, which drains into the Connecticut River, and into Long Island Sound in Connecticut.

The land within the notch is in Granville Gulf Reservation (1,171 acres), which extends about 7 mi (11 km) along the streams, from the border of Addison County with Washington County south to about a mile north of the town of Granville.
It includes the Moss Glen Falls, where Deer Hollow Brook enters Alden Meadow Brook.

Granville Gulf Reservation
Granville Gulf Reservation protects 1,171 acres (4.74 km2)  on either side of a six-mile section of Vermont Route 100 in Granville, Vermont. The area is managed by the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation and traverses the Granville Notch.

The land extends about 7 mi (11 km) along the streams, from the border of Addison County with Washington County south to about a mile north of the town of Granville. It includes the 80-foot Moss Glen Falls, which is visited by a short walk off Route 100. The Moss Glen Falls Natural Area is a 5-acre state-designated Natural Area.

A 20-acre old-growth stand of red spruce and hemlock has been designated as the Granville Gulf Spruce-Hemlock Stand, a State Natural Area.
Almogaver
Almogaver is an extinct possible odd-toed ungulate genus in the family Phenacodontidae. It was a ground-dwelling herbivore. It is known from the Tremp Basin in Spain, and some authorities consider it synonymous with Phenacodus.

Phenacodontidae
Phenacodontidae is an extinct family of large herbivorous mammals traditionally placed in the "wastebasket taxon" Condylarthra, which may instead represent early-stage perissodactyls. They lived from the late early Paleocene to early middle Eocene (about 60–50 million years ago) and their fossil remains have been found in North America and Europe. The only unequivocal Asian phenacodontid is Lophocion asiaticus.
Quezon City Science High School
Quezon City Science High School (also referred as QueSci or Kisay) is the Regional Science High School for the National Capital Region. It is the premier science high school of Quezon City and is regarded as among the prestigious science triumvirate of the Republic of the Philippines, along with the Philippine Science High School and Manila Science High School. It is located at Golden Acres Road, Corner Misamis Street, Bago-Bantay, Quezon City, Philippines. Founded on September 17, 1967, it was appointed as the Regional Science High School for the National Capital Region since 1998.

Regional Science High School Union
The Regional Science High School Union (RSHS-Union) is a specialized system of public secondary schools in the Philippines, established during the academic year 1994-1995. It is operated and supervised by the Department of Education, with a curriculum heavily focused on math and science. It remains within the ambit of the Department of Education, unlike the specialized science high school system of national scope, the Philippine Science High School (an attached agency of the Department of Science and Technology).
Ngatangiia
Ngatangiia is one of the five districts of the island of Rarotonga in the Cook Islands. It is in the east of the island, to the south of the districts of Matavera and Avarua, and northeast of the district of Titikaveka.

Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island of the country of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of 67.39 km2 (26.02 sq mi), and is home to 72% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. Avarua, on the north coast, is the location of the Parliament buildings and the capital of the Cook Islands. The country's international airport is also in Avarua, and Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination, with many resorts, hotels and motels.

Rarotonga has been populated by a Polynesian people since late in the 1st millennium. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig Endeavour, is credited as the European discoverer, on 25 July 1823 while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams.
Navy Pier Auditorium
The Navy Pier Auditorium, designed by the architect Charles Sumner Frost and constructed in 1916, is located at the east end of Navy Pier in Chicago and is also known as the Hall. The Navy Pier Auditorium consists of the Festival Hall and the Aon Grand Ballroom.

Navy Pier
Navy Pier is a 3,300-foot-long (1,010 m) pier on the shoreline of Lake Michigan, located in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Near North Side community area in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The pier encompasses over 50 acres (20 ha) of shops, restaurants, live theaters, family attractions, parks (including Polk Bros Park), gardens, and exhibition facilities. Navy Pier is one of the top destinations in the Midwestern United States, drawing over nine million visitors annually. It is one of the most visited attractions in the Midwestern United States, and is Chicago's second most visited tourist attraction.
Kuybyshevo, Rostov Oblast
Kuybyshevo (Russian: Куйбышево) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kuybyshevsky District of Rostov Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,145 (2010 census); 5,799 (2002 census). It is also the administrative center of Kuybyshevsky District.

Kuybyshevsky District, Rostov Oblast
Kuybyshevsky District (Russian: Ку́йбышевский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 871 square kilometers (336 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kuybyshevo. Population: 14,800 (2010 Census);  15,237 (2002 Census); 14,061 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kuybyshevo accounts for 41.5% of the district's total population.
Pilgrim's Rest, South Africa
Pilgrim's Rest (Afrikaans: Pelgrimsrus) is a small museum town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa which is protected as a provincial heritage site. It was the second of the Transvaal gold fields, attracting a rush of prospectors in 1873, soon after the MacMac diggings started some 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) away. Alluvial panning eventually gave way to deeper ore mining. In the 1970s the town, not greatly changed, became a tourist destination.

Coins of the South African pound
The coins of the South African pound were part of the physical form of South Africa's historical currency, the South African pound. Prior to the Union of 1910, various authorities issued their own pounds, some as independent entities. After the Union but before 1923, coins in circulation were mostly British, but the coins of Paul Kruger's South African Republic remained in circulation. In 1923, South Africa began to issue its own coins, adopting coins that were identical in size and value to those used in Great Britain:  12 pence (12d) = 1 shilling (1s), and 20s = 1 pound (£1). On 14 February 1961, the Union of South Africa adopted a decimal currency, replacing the pound with the Rand.

The term "Tickey" was used as a nickname for the 3d coin. It was also used for its replacement, the 21⁄2c coin.
Chōsokabe Motochika
Chōsokabe Motochika (長宗我部 元親; 1539 – July 11, 1599) was a daimyō in Japanese Sengoku-period. 
He was the 21st chief of the Chōsokabe clan of Tosa Province (present-day Kōchi Prefecture), the ruler of Shikoku region.

Iyo Province
Iyo Province (伊予国, Iyo no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.jo (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of northwestern Shikoku.  Iyo bordered on Sanuki Province to the northeast, Awa to the east, and Tosa to the south. Its abbreviated form name was Yoshū (予州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Iyo was one of the provinces of the Nankaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Iyo was ranked as one of the "upper countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.  The provincial capital was located in what is now the city of Imabari, but its exact location is still unknown.  The ichinomiya of the province is the Ōyamazumi Shrine located on the island of Ōmishima in what is now part of Imabari. The people spoke Iyo dialect.
The Raj Quartet
The Raj Quartet is a four-volume novel sequence, written by Paul Scott, about the concluding years of the British Raj in India.  The series was written during the period 1965–75. The Times called it "one of the most important landmarks of post-war fiction."

Book series
A book series, or a novel series, is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher.
Limited liability limited partnership
The limited liability limited partnership (LLLP) is a relatively new modification of the limited partnership. The LLLP form of business entity is recognized under United States commercial law. An LLLP is a limited partnership, and it consists of one or more general partners who are liable for the obligations of the entity, as well as or more protected-liability limited partners. Typically, general partners manage the LLLP, while the limited partners' interest is purely financial. Thus, the most common use of limited partnership is for purposes of investment.

Partnership
A partnership is an agreement where parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations. Organizations may partner to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission and to amplify their reach. A partnership may result in issuing and holding equity or may be only governed by a contract.
44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot
The 44th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment in the British Army, raised in 1741. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 56th (West Essex) Regiment of Foot to form the Essex Regiment in 1881.

John McDougall (VC)
John Leishman McDougall VC (1839 – 10 March 1869) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Idflieg aircraft designation system
The Idflieg (Inspektion der Fliegertruppen/Inspectorate of Flying Troops) designation system was used to classify German heavier-than-air military (as opposed to naval) aircraft from the early days of the Fliegertruppe/Luftstreitkräfte to the end of World War I. The system evolved during this period as new classes of aircraft came into use.

The specific, official "name" of a Luftstreitkräfte aircraft type consisted of the name of the manufacturer, the designation allocated to its class or category, and finally a Roman numeral. Thus the first "D"-class aircraft built by Albatros was named the Albatros D.I, the second was the Albatros D.II and so on.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Barb Morrison
Barb Morrison (born May 22, 1967) is an American recording artist, Top 5 Billboard dance chart songwriter, and Platinum record producer, best known as producer for numerous artists such as Blondie, Rufus Wainwright, Franz Ferdinand (band), LP, Asia Kate Dillon and as an ASCAP-featured film score composer.

Necessary Evil (Deborah Harry album)
Necessary Evil, is the fifth solo album by the American singer Deborah Harry. Released in September 2007, it was her first solo album in fourteen years, and the first since the reformation of Blondie in the late 1990s. To date, it is her last solo album.
David di Donatello for Best Director
The David di Donatello for Best Director (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior regista) is a film award presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the outstanding direction of a film director who has worked within the Italian film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. The award was first given in 1956, and became competitive in 1981.

Nominees and winners are selected via runoff voting by all the members of the Accademia.

Francesco Rosi is the record holder with six awards in the category, received from 1965 to 1997, followed by Marco Bellocchio, Mario Monicelli and Giuseppe Tornatore with four.

Maura Delpero became the first woman to win in 2025.

David di Donatello
The David di Donatello Awards, named after Donatello's David, a symbolic statue of the Italian Renaissance, are film awards given out each year by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (the Academy of Italian Cinema). There are 26 award categories, as of 2023. The industry-voted awards are considered the Italian equivalent of the American Academy Awards.
Green Tree, Pennsylvania
Green Tree is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 4,941 at the 2020 census. It is a suburb of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. Green Tree is connected to Pittsburgh via the Fort Pitt Tunnel.

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Regular language
In theoretical computer science and formal language theory, a regular language (also called a rational language) is a formal language that can be defined by a regular expression, in the strict sense in theoretical computer science (as opposed to many modern regular expression engines, which are augmented with features that allow the recognition of non-regular languages).

Alternatively, a regular language can be defined as a language recognised by a finite automaton. The equivalence of regular expressions and finite automata is known as Kleene's theorem (after American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene). In the Chomsky hierarchy, regular languages are the languages generated by Type-3 grammars.

Recognizable set
In computer science, more precisely in automata theory, a recognizable set of a monoid is a subset that can be distinguished by some homomorphism to a finite monoid. Recognizable sets are useful in automata theory, formal languages and algebra.

This notion is different from the notion of recognizable language. Indeed, the term "recognizable" has a different meaning in computability theory.
Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Anti-Aircraft Warfare
Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Anti-Aircraft Warfare (Russian: Ярославское высшее военное училище противовоздушной обороны, romanized: Yaroslavskoye vyssheye voyennoye uchilishche protivovozdushnoy oborony) is a Russian higher military school conducting commissioned officer programmes (specialitet) and adjunctura programmes. It is located in Yaroslavl.

Military commissioning schools in Russia
The military commissioning schools are educational institutions conducting career commissioned officer training programmes. Education acquired at such schools is higher military education (level 6 according to International Standard Classification of Education). These programmes are named specialitet (Russian: специалитет) and take 5 years. Graduates of commissioning schools are assigned the military rank of lieutenant.

The commissioning schools are the first (tactical) level of officer training. Their graduates are appointed as platoon/company commanders and at equivalent positions. After several years of active duty service they can entry military academy for further education.
Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia (Russian: Елена Владимировна Романова, romanized: Yelena Vladimirovna Romanova; 29 January 1882 – 13 March 1957) was the only daughter and youngest child of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia and Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Her husband was Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark and they were both first cousins of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia. She was also the first cousin of Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Queen of Denmark, and the maternal grandmother of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Princess Alexandra, and Prince Michael of Kent. Queen Juliana of the Netherlands was also her half-first cousin.

Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (Russian: Мари́я Па́вловна Романова, romanized: Mariya Pavlovna Romanova; born Duchess Marie of Mecklenberg-Schwerin 14 May [O.S. 2 May] 1854 – 6 September 1920), was the eldest daughter of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin by his first wife, Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz. A prominent hostess in Saint Petersburg following her marriage in 1874 to the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia, she was known by many as the "grandest of the grand duchesses".
Chepetskiy Mechanical Plant
Chepetskiy Mechanical Plant (Russian: Чепецкий механический завод) is a company based in Glazov, Russia, and was established in 1946. It is part of TVEL, a Rosatom subsidiary.

The Chepetskiy Mechanical Plant Association is a leading producer of metallic calcium, zirconium, and depleted uranium, and equipment and materials for nuclear energy.

TVEL
TVEL (Russian: ТВЭЛ, romanized: tvel) is also a Russian abbreviation of the "heat-releasing element", fuel rod.

The TVEL Fuel Company (TVEL) is a Rosatom-owned nuclear fuel cycle company headquartered in Moscow. It has operated since 1996.
Beat the Traffic
Beat the Traffic was a provider of vehicle traffic reporting solutions for broadcast media and consumers.  With a focus on daily commuters, Beat the Traffic was founded in 2001 by former CEO Andre Gueziec. On September 10, 2012, Pelmorex announced it had acquired Beat the Traffic.

Using information compiled from public and private sources, crowd-sourced content coupled with its own reporting teams, Beat the Traffic provided real-time traffic information and maps for most major cities in the US and Canada. As of January 2017, Beat the Traffic is no longer an active website or application.

Pelmorex
Pelmorex Corp. is a Canadian weather information and media company. Based in Oakville, Ontario, it is the owner of the Canadian specialty channels The Weather Network (English) and MétéoMédia (French), and their associated digital properties.

Founded in 1989, "Pelmorex" is a portmanteau derived from the name of the company's chairman and controlling shareholder, Pierre L. Morrissette.