hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kuratowski's theorem
In graph theory, Kuratowski's theorem is a mathematical forbidden graph characterization of planar graphs, named after Kazimierz Kuratowski.  It states that a finite graph is planar if and only if it does not contain a subgraph that is a subdivision of  (the complete graph on five vertices) nor of  (a complete bipartite graph on six vertices, three of which connect to each of the other three, also known as the utility graph).

Forbidden graph characterization
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, many important families of graphs can be described by a finite set of individual graphs that do not belong to the family and further exclude all graphs from the family which contain any of these forbidden graphs as (induced) subgraph or minor.

A prototypical example of this phenomenon is Kuratowski's theorem, which states that a graph is planar (can be drawn without crossings in the plane) if and only if it does not contain either of two forbidden graphs, the complete graph K5 and the complete bipartite graph K3,3. For Kuratowski's theorem, the notion of containment is that of graph homeomorphism, in which a subdivision of one graph appears as a subgraph of the other. Thus, every graph either has a planar drawing (in which case it belongs to the family of planar graphs) or it has a subdivision of at least one of these two graphs as a subgraph (in which case it does not belong to the planar graphs).
James Duane (fireboat)
The James Duane was a fireboat operated by the Fire Department of New York from 1908 to 1959.

The James Duane and her sister ship the Thomas Willett were wooden hulled steam-powered vessels.  They could proceed at 14 knots (16 mph).  Their pumps could discharge 9,000 gallons per minute.  One of their water cannons was mounted on a tower.

The James Duane was named after the 44th mayor of New York City, James Duane.

James Duane
James Duane (February 6, 1733 – February 1, 1797) was an American Founding Father, attorney, jurist, and American Revolutionary leader from New York. He served as a delegate to the First Continental Congress, the Second Continental Congress and the Congress of the Confederation, a New York state senator, the 45th Mayor of New York City, the 1st post-colonial Mayor of New York City and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New York. Duane was a signatory of the Continental Association and the Articles of Confederation.
Bergen, Rhineland-Palatinate
Bergen (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁɡn̩] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Kirn
Kirn (German pronunciation: [kɪʁn] ⓘ) is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Kirner Land. Kirn is a middle centre serving an area on the Nahe and in the Hunsrück.
Smuggled (TV series)
Smuggled is a British reality television documentary miniseries shown on Channel 4.

The documentary follows eight British nationals as they attempt to smuggle themselves into Britain, testing the border security. The producer, David Modell, called the UK's border security an "illusion".

The show was originally scheduled to begin airing on 28 October 2019, but was postponed by a week to 4 November after 39 people were found dead in a refrigerated lorry in Essex. The victims, all Vietnamese, had been illegally smuggled into the UK. The Home Office criticised Channel 4 for being 'insensitive and irresponsible' to show it too soon. Alice Jones of the i newspaper was also critical of the brief postponement, claiming that it was put off "only by seven days, because we’ll all be able to see the fun side of trafficking by then, presumably."

Essex lorry deaths
On 23 October 2019, the bodies of 39 people — 31 men and eight women, all Vietnamese nationals — were found in the trailer of an articulated refrigerator lorry in Grays, Essex, United Kingdom. The trailer had been shipped from the port of Zeebrugge, Belgium, to Purfleet, Essex, UK, and the lorry cab and its driver are believed to have originated from Northern Ireland. Investigations involving the national authorities of the UK, Belgium, Ireland and Vietnam have been led by Essex Police.

Eleven people were convicted of crimes related to the incident in the UK and a further 19 were jailed in Belgium.
Couto (Santa Cristina)
Couto Santa Cristina is a former civil parish in the municipality of Santo Tirso, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Santo Tirso, Couto (Santa Cristina e São Miguel) e Burgães. It is located south in the city of Santo Tirso. At the 2001 census, its population was 3,982. It covers 7.8 km2 of area.

The area is also home to several industrial commercial facilities.

Amigiscm (Associação Amigos de Santa Cristina) is based there.

Santo Tirso, Couto (Santa Cristina e São Miguel) e Burgães
Santo Tirso, Couto (Santa Cristina e São Miguel) e Burgães is a civil parish in the municipality of Santo Tirso, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Santo Tirso, Couto (Santa Cristina), Couto (São Miguel) and Burgães. The population in 2011 was 21,538, in an area of 25.22 km2.
Richmond Town F.C.
Richmond Town Football Club are a football club based in Richmond, North Yorkshire, England.

Richmond were founded in 1945. In 2012, Richmond joined the Wearside League from the Teesside League. As of 2023–24, they play in Wearside League Premier Division in level 7 of the National League System.

Richmond Town Women play in the North Riding Women's Premier League.

Richmond, North Yorkshire
Richmond is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is located at the point where Swaledale, the upper valley of the River Swale, opens into the Vale of Mowbray. The town's population at the 2011 census was 8,413. The town is 13 miles (21 km) north-west of Northallerton, the county town, and 41 miles (66 km) north-west of York.

In the Domesday Book of 1086 the area was collected under Yorkshire and the town was in the Gilling Wapentake. After the book it became the centre for wapentakes in the Honour of Richmond for the North Riding of Yorkshire. Between 1974 and 2023 the town was the administrative centre of the Richmondshire district of the North Yorkshire non-metropolitan county. Richmond is located near the eastern boundary of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, for which it has become a tourist centre.
If This Isn't Love
"If This Isn't Love" is a popular song composed by Burton Lane with lyrics written by E. Y. Harburg. It was published in 1946 and introduced by Ella Logan and Donald Richards the following year in the Broadway musical Finian's Rainbow.

Burton Lane
Burton Lane (born Levy; February 2, 1912 – January 5, 1997) was an American composer primarily known for his theatre and film scores. His most popular and successful works include the musicals Finian's Rainbow (1947) and On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1965).
Yoshiaki Kawajiri
Yoshiaki Kawajiri (川尻 善昭, Kawajiri Yoshiaki; born November 18, 1950) is a Japanese writer, director, storyboard artist and animator. A co-founder of the anime studio Madhouse, he is best known as the director of Wicked City, Ninja Scroll, and Vampire Hunter D: Bloodlust.

Hideyuki Kikuchi
Hideyuki Kikuchi (菊地 秀行, Kikuchi Hideyuki; born September 25, 1949) is a Japanese author known for his horror novels. His most famous works include the Vampire Hunter D series, Darkside Blues and Wicked City.
Daniel Sieveke
Daniel Sieveke (born 30 November 1976 in Paderborn) is a German politician serving as state secretary of the Ministry of Regional Identity, Local Government, Building and Digitalization of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2022. From 2010 to 2022, he was a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Paderborn
Paderborn (German pronunciation: [paːdɐˈbɔʁn] ⓘ; Westphalian: Patterbuorn, also Paterboärn) is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. The name of the city derives from the river Pader and Born, an old German term for the source of a river. The river Pader originates in more than 200 springs near Paderborn Cathedral, where St. Liborius is buried.
Choluteca Airport
Choluteca Airport (ICAO: MHNC) is an airport serving the city of Choluteca in Choluteca Department, Honduras. The airport ICAO code is also variously listed as MHCH.

The airport is on the eastern edge of the city. The runway length does not include a 175 metres (574 ft) paved overrun on the northeast end.

The Toncontin VOR-DME (Ident: TNT) is located 42.8 nautical miles (79.3 km) north of the airport.

Choluteca, Choluteca
Choluteca is a municipality and the capital city of the Honduran department of the same name.  Situated in southern Honduras between El Salvador and Nicaragua, the city is generally considered the regional centre of southern Honduras and is a major transit point on the Pan-American Highway.  It has a major bus station and is home to the regional light (ENEE) and water (SANAA) utilities.  The city is located on the Choluteca River, near the centre of the department.  An arching silver bridge crosses the river into the city.

Choluteca's population of 99,980 (2023 calculation) makes it the seventh largest city in the country.  It is the only major Honduran city on the Pan-American Highway.  It is considered to be the second-hottest city in Honduras after Nacaome.
Drum (tobacco)
Drum is a Dutch brand of fine-cut handrolling tobacco, or shag, introduced in 1952. It was originally produced and distributed by the Douwe Egberts corporation. Douwe Egberts was purchased by the Sara Lee Corporation, which sold Drum to Imperial Brands, the current British producer.

Douwe Egberts
Douwe Egberts is a Dutch brand specialising in coffee and related products. It is owned by JDE Peet's, a Dutch global coffee and tea company. The brand is marketed to retail consumers in Australia, Belgium, Hungary, Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
Khirbat al-'Umur
Khirbat al-'Umur was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 Palestine war by the Har'el Brigade during Operation Ha-Har. It was 12 km west of Jerusalem on the Wadi al-Ghadir.

Giv'at Ye'arim
Giv'at Ye'arim (Hebrew: גִּבְעַת יְעָרִים, lit. Hill of Forests) is a semi-cooperative moshav in central Israel. Located in the Judean Mountains, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,283.
NCAA football championships (Philippines)
The National Collegiate Athletic Association football championship is held every early part of the year.

The football season is divided into two conferences (tournaments). Out of the eight NCAA schools, so far four fielded a team in the football tournament.

The teams face each other once every conference. The teams with the most points on the league table advances in the Championship game.

If a team wins both conferences, the Championship game is omitted, and the winning team from both conferences is the champion.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)
The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA; /ˌɛnsiː.eɪˈeɪ/ EN-see-AY-AY) is an athletic association of ten  private colleges and universities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Established in 1924, it is the oldest collegiate athletic association in the country. It is not affiliated with the NCAA of the United States, as such it is also referred to as NCAA Philippines to differentiate the two associations.
Harish Chandra Singh Rawat
Harish Chandra Singh Rawat (3 July 1934 – 20 January 2008) was a mountaineer who climbed  Mt. Everest in May 1965. He was one of the 9 summiters during the first successful Indian Everest Expedition, the expedition was led by Captain M S Kohli. On 24 May 1965 Vohra and Ang Kami Sherpa had reached the top of Mount Everest together. A few days later, on 29 May and 12 years to the day from the first ascent of Mount Everest, the fourth and last summit team with Major H. P. S. Ahluwalia, Phu Dorjee Sherpa, and Rawat reached the summit. This was the first time three climbers had stood on the summit together, Rawat was the 7th Indian man and 22nd man in world to climb Mount Everest.

1965 Indian Everest Expedition
The 1965 Indian Everest Expedition reached the summit of Mount Everest on 20 May 1965. It was the first successful scaling of the mountain by an Indian climbing expedition.

After the first conquest of Mount Everest in 1953 by the New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, Indian military forces made several attempts to conquer the summit. The first expedition by the Indian Army, which was led by Brigadier Gyan Singh in 1960, failed. Climbers Colonel Narendra Kumar, Sonam Gyatso, and Sherpa Nawang Gombu reached 28,300 feet (8,600 m), just 700 feet (210 m) from the summit, but had to turn back due to extremely bad weather. The second expedition by the Indian Army, led by Major John Diaz in 1962, also failed. Captain Mohan Singh Kohli, Sonam Gyatso, and Hari Dang got to almost 400 feet (120 m) below the summit at 28,600 feet (8,700 m), but also had to give up due to bad weather.  Mohan Singh Kohli was a member of both these expeditions.
Clarks Mills, Wisconsin
Clarks Mills is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cato, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. Clarks Mills is on the Manitowoc River northeast of Valders. It is named for early settler Ira Clark, who along with Thomas Cunningham built a mill and bridge there in the 1840s.

The community is home to St. Mary's Catholic Church and St. Mary-St. Michael Catholic School.

Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
Manitowoc County (/ˈmænɪtəwɒk/ ⓘ MAN-it-ə-wok) is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 81,359. Its county seat is Manitowoc. The county was created in 1836 prior to Wisconsin's statehood and organized in 1848. Manitowoc County comprises the Manitowoc, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Sunny Afternoon (album)
Sunny Afternoon is the second UK budget-priced compilation album by British rock group the Kinks released in 1967. The album consists of some of the most popular singles and B-sides released by the Kinks from 1965 and 1966. It also includes a cover of "Louie Louie", originally from the 1964 Kinksize Session EP, and the track "Such A Shame" from the 1965 Kwyet Kinks EP.

Released two months after the classic studio album Something Else by the Kinks, which itself only managed two weeks on the UK charts peaking at No. 35, this budget compilation sold much better, spending 11 weeks on the chart and reaching No. 9.

The album was issued on CD in 2001 as part of the Marble Arch Years boxed set.

Kinksize Session
Kinksize Session is the first EP released by the Kinks in the UK in 1964, just under two months after their debut LP, Kinks. The tracks were all exclusive to this release and it includes some original compositions.
Cœur fidèle
Cœur fidèle  is a 1923 French drama film directed by Jean Epstein. It has the alternative English title Faithful Heart. The film tells a melodramatic story of thwarted romance, set against a background of the Marseille docks, and experiments with many techniques of camerawork and editing.

Jean Epstein
Jean Epstein (French: [ʒɑ̃ ɛpʃtajn]; 25 March 1897 – 2 April 1953) was a French filmmaker, film theorist, literary critic, and novelist. Although he is remembered today primarily for his adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's The Fall of the House of Usher, he directed three dozen films and was an influential critic of literature and film from the early 1920s through the late 1940s. He is often associated with French Impressionist Cinema and the concept of photogénie.
2022 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix
The 2022 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix (officially known as the Gran Premio d'Italia Oakley) was the eighth round of the 2022 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season and the third round of the 2022 MotoE World Cup. All races (except MotoE race 1 which was held on 28 May) were held at the Autodromo Internazionale del Mugello in Scarperia e San Piero on 29 May 2022. The Grand Prix saw the retirement of Valentino Rossi's racing number 46 in the MotoGP class.

2022 MotoGP World Championship
The 2022 FIM MotoGP World Championship was the premier class of the 74th F.I.M. Road Racing World Championship season. Fabio Quartararo came into the season as the defending World Champion. Ducati secured the constructors' championship, with the factory Ducati Lenovo Team securing the teams' championship and factory rider Francesco Bagnaia achieving the riders' championship. In total, seven different riders and five manufacturers won Grands Prix during the season. As the only manufacturer without a victory, the season saw Honda finish in last place of the manufacturers' standings for the first time in the modern MotoGP era.
Lake McIntosh
Lake McIntosh is a 650-acre (260 ha) reservoir near Peachtree City in the U.S. state of Georgia. It holds 1.5 billion gallons of 
water, and supplies 10.4 million gallons a day to the Crosstown Water Treatment Plant.

Peachtree City, Georgia
Peachtree City is the largest city in Fayette County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 38,244. Peachtree City is located in southern Metro Atlanta.

Golf carts are widely used in the city. Over 10,000 households in the city own golf carts, and most areas of the city can be reached via more than 100 miles (160 km) of golf cart paths.
Steinkjer Station
Steinkjer Station (Norwegian: Steinkjer stasjon) is a railway station located in the town of Steinkjer in Steinkjer Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.

The station is located on the Nordland Line, serving both local and express trains northbound through Innherred and on to Nordland county, and southbound to the city of Trondheim. The staffed station sits adjacent to the European route E6 highway. The station is at the northern terminus of the Trøndelag Commuter Rail to Trondheim. An hourly service usually runs on this line.

Steinkjer Municipality
Steinkjerⓘ (Norwegian) or Stïentje (Southern Sami) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Innherad region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Steinkjer which is located on the inner part of the Trondheimsfjord. The town is also the administrative centre for Trøndelag county. Other populated areas in Steinkjer include the villages of Bartnes, Beitstad, Binde, Byafossen, Follafoss, Følling, Gaulstad, Henning, Hyllbrua, Kvam, Lerkehaug, Malm, Mære, Sela, Skei, Sparbu, Stod, Sunnan, Vassaunet, Vellamelen, and Verrastranda.

The 2,122-square-kilometre (819 sq mi) municipality is the 31st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Steinkjer Municipality is the 54th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 24,032. The municipality's population density is 11.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (29/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.
De Monfort (play)
De Monfort is an 1800 Gothic tragedy by the British writer Joanna Baillie. It was originally published in the author's Plays on the Passions in 1798. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, then under the management of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, on 29 April 1800. The cast featured John Philip Kemble as De Montfort, Sarah Siddons as Jane De Montfort, Montague Talbot as Rezenvelt, William Barrymore as Count Freberg, John Powell as Manuel, William Dowton as Jerome, Thomas Caulfield as Grimbald and Elizabeth Heard as Countess Freberg. It was revived at the same theatre in 1821 with Edmund Kean in the title role.

William Barrymore (stage actor)
William Barrymore (c. 1759–1830) was a British stage actor. Originally from Taunton, he was part of a company of strolling players in the West Country, and was acting at Plymouth in 1780. He first appeared at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in 1782, under the management of Richard Sheridan, and became a long-standing member of the company. He is also the namesake of the famed Barrymore family.
Sin Disease
Sin Disease was Scaterd Few's first full-length studio album. CCM magazine described the release as "pure punk for dread people," stating that it was a cross between Jane's Addiction and Charlie Mingus.

Scaterd Few
Scaterd Few was a Christian punk band originating from Burbank, California. CCM magazine described their music as "pure punk for dread people," stating that it was a cross between Jane's Addiction and Charlie Mingus.
Arun Dravid
Arun Dravid (born 1943) is an Indian industrialist and classical singer of the Jaipur gharana. A gold medalist from IIT Bombay, he went on to complete a doctorate in chemical engineering from MIT. He then pursued a highly successful career in industry. As a musician, he was trained in childhood by Ustaad Abdul Majid Khan, and later on by Kishori Amonkar. He became a key disciple of Amonkar, and has continued to preserve and promote her music.

He played the role of the music guru Pandit Vinayak Pradhan in the 2020 film The Disciple.

Kishori Amonkar
Kishori Amonkar (10 April 1932 – 3 April 2017) was an Indian classical vocalist, belonging to the Jaipur Gharana, or a community of musicians sharing a distinctive musical style. She is considered to be one of the foremost classical singers in India. She was a performer of the classical genre khyal and the light classical genres thumri and bhajan. Amonkar trained under her mother, classical singer Mogubai Kurdikar also from the Jaipur Gharana, but she experimented with a variety of vocal styles in her career.
Wallatani Lake
Wallatani (Aymara wallata snow ball, snow lump / Andean goose, -ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with a snow ball", "the one with a snow lump" or "the one with the Andean goose", hispanicized spelling Huallatani) is a lake in the Bolivian Andes situated in the southern section of the Cordillera Kimsa Cruz. It is situated 4,939 m high at the foot of the mountains Wallatani and San Luis (5,620 m), near Jach'a Khunu Qullu and Wayna Khunu Qullu in the La Paz Department, Inquisivi Province, Quime Municipality.

It is the highest body of water on which anyone has ever sailed, after Peter Williams, Brian Barrett, Gordon Siddeley and Keith Robinson did so on November 19, 1977.

Quime Municipality
Quime Municipality is the second municipal section of the Inquisivi Province in the La Paz Department in Bolivia, located south-east of the city of La Paz. Its seat is Quime. The coordinates are  16° 59' 0" South, 67° 13' 0".
Lycée Georges Brassens (Courcouronnes)
Lycée Georges Brassens is a senior high school/sixth-form college in Courcouronnes, Essonne, France, in the Paris metropolitan area. Serving the Évry area, it first opened in 1983.

The school property, with a total area of 23,473 square metres (252,660 sq ft), has three buildings, A, B, and C, and all of the buildings together occupy 9,909 square metres (106,660 sq ft) of space. An additional 5,905 square metres (63,560 sq ft) of space is recreational area, and 7,606 square metres (81,870 sq ft) is green space; the total size of the non-building areas of the school property is 13,565 square metres (146,010 sq ft).

Courcouronnes
Courcouronnes (French pronunciation: [kuʁkuʁɔn] ⓘ) is a former commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Évry-Courcouronnes. It is located 26.4 km (16.4 mi) from the centre of Paris, in the "new town" of Évry Ville Nouvelle, created in the 1960s.