hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Turf maze
Historically, a turf maze is a labyrinth made by cutting a convoluted path into a level area of short grass, turf or lawn. Some had names such as Mizmaze, Troy Town, The Walls of Troy, Julian's Bower, or Shepherd's Race. This is the type of maze referred to by William Shakespeare in A Midsummer Night's Dream (Act 2, Scene 2) when Titania says:

The nine men's morris is fill'd up with mud;
and the quaint mazes in the wanton green,
for lack of tread are undistinguishable.

In some turf labyrinths, the groove cut in the turf is the path to be walked (sometimes marked with bricks or gravel); more commonly the turf itself forms the raised path which is marked out by shallow channels excavated between its twists and turns.

Most British examples are based on one of two layouts: the Classical or the later, more complex Medieval type which is derived from it.

Mizmaze
Mizmaze (or Miz-Maze or Miz Maze) is the name given to two of England's eight surviving historic turf mazes, and also to a third, presumably once similar site (at Leigh in Dorset) that is now merely a relic. Of the two which survive, one is at Breamore,50°58′54″N 1°48′00″W﻿ / ﻿50.9817°N 1.8001°W﻿ / 50.9817; -1.8001 in Hampshire; the other is on top of St Catherine's Hill, overlooking the city of Winchester, Hampshire.

A mizmaze forms a pattern unlike conventional mazes and is classed as a labyrinth because the path has no junctions or crossings. The pattern appears more like a very long rope, neatly arranged to fill the area.
Bordano
Bordano (Friulian: Bordan) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Udine, on the right bank of the Tagliamento river.

Bordano borders the following municipalities: Cavazzo Carnico, Gemona del Friuli, Trasaghis, Venzone. It is known among locals for the beautiful display of butterflies it shows on its fields.

Trasaghis
Trasaghis (local Friulian: Trasagas) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Udine.

Trasaghis borders the following municipalities: Bordano, Cavazzo Carnico, Forgaria nel Friuli, Gemona del Friuli, Osoppo, Vito d'Asio.
Tucumcari, New Mexico
Tucumcari (/ˈtuːkəmˌkæriː/; TOO-cum-carry) is a city in and the county seat of Quay County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 5,278 at the 2020 census. Tucumcari was founded in 1901, two years before Quay County was established.

Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad
The original Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (CRI&P RW, sometimes called Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway) (reporting marks CRI&P, RI, ROCK) was an American Class I railroad. It was also known as the Rock Island Line, or, in its final years, The Rock.

At the end of 1970, it operated 7,183 miles of road on 10,669 miles of track; that year it reported 20,557 million ton-miles of revenue freight and 118 million passenger miles. (Those totals may or may not include the former Burlington-Rock Island Railroad.)

"Rock Island Line", a folk song from the late 1920s, first recorded in 1934, was inspired by the railway.
Waupaca County, Wisconsin
Waupaca County (/wəˈpækə/ ⓘ wə-PAK-ə) is a county  in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 51,812. The county seat is Waupaca. The county was created in 1851 and organized in 1853. It is named after the Waupaca River, a Menominee language name meaning "place of tomorrow seen clearly."

Harrison, Waupaca County, Wisconsin
Harrison is a town in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 509 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Northland, Norske, and Schmidt Corner are located in the town.
Imperial Royal Austrian State Railways
The Imperial-Royal State Railways (German: k.k. Staatsbahnen) abbr. kkStB) or Imperial-Royal Austrian State Railways (k.k. österreichische Staatsbahnen,) was the state railway organisation in the Cisleithanian (Austrian) part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy.

Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company
The Imperial Royal Privileged Austrian State Railway Company (German: k. k. privilegierte österreichische Staatseisenbahn-Gesellschaft), from 1 January 1883 the Privileged Austro-Hungarian State Railway Company (privilegierte österreichisch-ungarische Staatseisenbahn-Gesellschaft) was a private railway company in Austria-Hungary. Its title was abbreviated to State Railway Company (Staats-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) or StEG.
Etta Hawkins
Henrietta Luna Hawkins (August 21, 1865 – July 13, 1945), known as Etta Hawkins, was an American comedic stage actress during the early 1900s. She gained prestige with her work in the productions of Lord Chumley with E.H. Sothern: The Charity Ball and The Lost Paradise.

She was born in Aurora, Illinois, daughter of Anna Gutherz (a native of Switzerland) and William Delos Hawkins. In 1891, she married stage actor and producer William Morris.

She was the mother of actors Chester, Adrian, and Gordon Morris, and also had a daughter, Mrs. H. O. Russell of New York. She died at her son Chester's Beverly Hills home in 1945, aged 79.

Adrian Morris (actor)
Adrian Michael Morris (January 12, 1907 – November 30, 1941) was an American actor of stage and film, and a younger brother of Chester Morris. As a child, Morris performed with his family in a vaudeville act. In his short 10-year career as a Hollywood character actor, he appeared in over 70 films, including 
Dirigible (1931), 
Me and My Gal (1932), 
Bureau of Missing Persons (1933), 
The Big Shakedown (1934), 
The Fighting Marines (1935), 
The Petrified Forest (1936), 
There Goes the Groom (1937),
Angels with Dirty Faces (1938), 
Gone With the Wind (1939), 
The Grapes of Wrath (1940), 
and Blood and Sand (1941).
Joseph Ruzindana
Joseph Ruzindana (3 June 1943 – 5 June 1994) was a Catholic Bishop of Byumba in Rwanda.

Joseph Ruzindana was born on 3 June 1943 in Rambura.
On 23 July 1972 he was ordained priest of Byumba.
He was appointed Bishop of Byumba on 5 November 1981, and ordained on 17 January 1982.
The bishopric of Byumba was newly formed through a division of the diocese of Ruhengeri.

During the Rwandan genocide, Ruzindana was killed on 5 June 1994 by soldiers of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF),
along with Vincent Nsengiyumva, Archbishop of Kigali, Thaddée Nsengiyumva, Bishop of Kabgayi, nine priests, a senior priest of the Josephite Brothers, and a child.
The soldiers who killed them were their guards at Gakurazo, near the Kabgayi church center.

Diocese of Byumba
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Byumba (Latin: Dioecesis Byumbanus) is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Rwanda. It was erected on November 5, 1981, by Pope John Paul II. The diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Kigali.
Najwa Ghanem
Najwa Ghanem (Arabic: نجوى غانم; born 1958) is a Syrian woman who was the first wife and first cousin of Osama bin Laden, being the daughter of his mother's brother. She is also known as Umm Abdallah (mother of Abdallah).

Abdallah bin Laden
Abdallah bin Osama bin Mohammed bin 'Awad bin Laden (Arabic: عبدالله بن أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن; born 1976) is the eldest son of militant leader Osama bin Laden and Osama's first wife, a Syrian woman named Najwa Ghanem. He is not to be confused with at least three other 'Abdullah bin Ladens: Osama bin Laden's half-brother Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Laden (born 1966), nor Osama's uncle 'Abdullah bin 'Awad bin Laden (c. 1913-2002), nor Osama's cousin, another 'Abdullah bin 'Awad bin Laden, who was possibly the son of one of Osama's aunts, and was the director of the U.S. branch of the World Assembly of Muslim Youth (WAMY), located in Virginia, from 1992 to 2002.
Canon EF 500mm lens
The EF 500mm lenses are a group of super-telephoto prime lenses made by Canon that share the same focal length.

These lenses have an EF type mount, and fit the Canon EOS line of digital single lens reflex cameras.

When used on a camera with a field of view compensation factor of 1.6x, such as the Canon EOS 400D, they provide a narrower field of view, equivalent to an 800 mm lens mounted on a 35mm frame body. With a 1.3x body such as the Canon EOS-1D Mark III, they provide a less narrow field of view, equivalent to a 650mm lens mounted on a 35mm frame body.

These lenses are most commonly used by sports and wildlife photographers.

Three EF 500mm lenses have been available, and all are L series lenses. The most recent, the f/4L IS II, released in 2012 and is the only model in production.

f/4.5L USM

f/4L IS USM

f/4L IS II USM

Canon L lens
Canon's series of L lenses (Luxury lenses) are a professional line of photography lenses made by Canon. Canon has sold zoom and prime L-series lenses for the discontinued FD lens mount, for the current EF lens mount used on all Canon EOS SLR cameras and for the RF mount used on mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras.
Coprinopsis neophlyctidospora
Coprinopsis neophlyctidospora is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. It was described as new to science in 2011 by Jay Raut, Toshimitsu Fukiharu, and Akira Suzuki. An ammonia fungus, the species is known only from the boreal forest region of Alberta, Canada, where it was found growing on urea-treated soil. The specific epithet neophlyctidospora alludes to its distribution in the New World (neo) and its close resemblance to Coprinellus phlyctidospora.

Ammonia fungi
Ammonia fungi are characterized by the rapid development and high germination rates of fruiting bodies in the presence of ammonia or other nitrogen-containing materials with alkaline soil conditions. These fungi naturally occur after decomposition events like animal excretion or death. Reproduction can be classified into two categories including early and late phase ammonia fungi. The addition of high amounts of ammonia, urea, or other nitrogen-containing materials can cause ideal soil conditions that the ammonia fungi thrive in and then revert to pre-application conditions. Ammonia fungi that develop sporophores after applications of nitrogen-containing materials are currently being studied in the field and laboratory for their mechanisms of colonization, establishment, and occurrence of fruiting bodies.
Souther–Hillman–Furay Band
The Souther–Hillman–Furay Band (SHF) was a country rock supergroup led by singer-songwriters Richie Furay (Buffalo Springfield, Poco), Chris Hillman (the Byrds, the Flying Burrito Brothers, Manassas, and later Desert Rose Band), and JD Souther (Longbranch Pennywhistle, noted songwriter for Linda Ronstadt and Eagles). The band recorded two albums during the mid-1970s before breaking up due to disagreements and personality conflicts between the members.

The Flying Burrito Brothers
The Flying Burrito Brothers are an American country rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1968, best known for their influential 1969 debut album, The Gilded Palace of Sin. Although the group is known for its connection to band founders Gram Parsons and Chris Hillman (both formerly of the Byrds), the group underwent many personnel changes and has existed in various incarnations. Now officially known as the Burrito Brothers the band continues to perform and record new albums.
Borgo San Siro
Borgo San Siro (Western Lombard: Bùrgh San Sir) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Milan and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Pavia, in the western Lomellina.

Borgo San Siro borders the following municipalities: Bereguardo, Gambolò, Garlasco, Tromello, Vigevano, Zerbolò.

Zerbolò
Zerbolò is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 km southwest of Milan and about 11 km west of Pavia.

Zerbolò borders the following municipalities: Bereguardo, Borgo San Siro, Carbonara al Ticino, Garlasco, Gropello Cairoli, Torre d'Isola, Villanova d'Ardenghi.
South Molton Rural District
51°01′15″N 3°50′18″W﻿ / ﻿51.020909°N 3.838348°W﻿ / 51.020909; -3.838348

South Molton Rural District was a rural district in the administrative county of Devon, England, from 1894 to 1974, covering an area in the north of the county. The district was named after the town of South Molton and had its offices there. The town itself was initially excluded from the rural district, being a self-governing municipal borough. In 1967 the town was absorbed into the district.

The district was abolished in 1974, when the area became part of the new district of North Devon.

South Molton
South Molton is a town and civil parish in the North Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. The town is on the River Mole. In 2021 it had a population of 6225.

South Molton is a market town trading mostly in sheep and cattle. There was a railway station on the Devon and Somerset Railway until 1966, when the branch line was closed. It is situated on the southern side of Exmoor just off the A361 North Devon link road, which in part follows the route of the railway line.
Roll film
Roll film or rollfilm is any type of spool-wound photographic film protected from white light exposure by a paper backing. The term originated in contrast to sheet film. Roll film was originally often referred to as "cartridge" film because of its resemblance to a shotgun cartridge.

The opaque backing paper allows roll film to be loaded in daylight. It is typically printed with frame number markings that can be viewed through a small red window at the rear of the camera. A spool of roll film is usually loaded on one side of the camera and pulled across to an identical take-up spool on the other side of the shutter as exposures are made. When the roll is fully exposed, the take-up spool is removed for processing and the empty spool on which the film was originally wound is moved to the other side, becoming the take-up spool for the next roll of film.

Medium format
Medium format has traditionally referred to a film format in photography and the related cameras and equipment that use film. Nowadays, the term applies to film and digital cameras that record images on media larger than the 24 mm × 36 mm (0.94 in × 1.42 in) used in 35 mm photography (though not including 127 sizes), but smaller than 4 in × 5 in (100 mm × 130 mm) (which is considered large format photography).

In digital photography, medium format refers either to cameras adapted from medium-format film photography uses or to cameras making use of sensors larger than that of a 35 mm film frame. Some of the benefits of using medium-format digital cameras include higher resolution sensors, better low-light capabilities compared to a traditional 35mm DSLR, and a wider dynamic range.
Lady Caroline Lamb
Caroline Lamb, Viscountess Melbourne (née Ponsonby; 13 November 1785 – 25 January 1828), known as Lady Caroline Lamb, was an Anglo-Irish aristocrat and novelist, best known for Glenarvon, a Gothic novel. In 1812, she had an affair with Lord Byron, whom she described as "mad, bad, and dangerous to know". Her husband was the Honourable William Lamb, who after her death became 2nd Viscount Melbourne and British prime minister.

Brocket Hall
Brocket Hall is a neo-classical country house set in a large park at the western side of the urban area of Welwyn Garden City in Hertfordshire, England. The estate includes two golf courses and seven smaller listed buildings, apart from the main house. The freehold of the estate is held by the 3rd Baron Brocket. The house is Grade I listed.
Your Love (David Guetta and Showtek song)
"Your Love" is a song by French music producer David Guetta and Dutch electronic dance music duo Showtek. It was written by Fred McFarlane, Joren van der Voort, Jaap Reesema, Allen George, Guetta, Showtek and Ralph Wegner, with production handled by the latter three. The song was released commercially for digital download and streaming on 14 June 2018 by Guetta's record label What a Music. The song serves as a bonus single from Guetta’s album 7. It contains an interpolation of "Show Me Love" by American singer Robin S.

Show Me Love (Robin S. song)
"Show Me Love" is a song by the American singer Robin S. It was written by Allen George and Fred McFarlane and released in October 1990 by Champion Records in the United Kingdom. In 1992, a remix by the Swedish house music producer StoneBridge was released in Europe, the US and Japan. It became Robin S.'s biggest hit, one of the best known house tracks in the United Kingdom and helped house music enter the mainstream. In 1993, it was included on Robin S.'s debut album, Show Me Love.

In the US, "Show Me Love" reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100, number four Cash Box Top 100, number seven on the R&B chart and number one on the dance club chart. It was certified gold by and by and sold 600,000 copies. It reached number six on the UK singles chart in April 1993. Its music video was directed by Millicent Shelton, featuring Robin S. performing in a nightclub. In 2022 and 2025, Rolling Stone and Billboard named "Show Me Love" one of the greatest dance songs.
Guelph Treasure
The Guelph Treasure (German: Welfenschatz) is a collection of medieval ecclesiastical art originally housed at Brunswick Cathedral in Braunschweig, Germany. The Treasure takes its name from the princely House of Guelph (German: Welf) of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

In October 1929, the Treasure, consisting of 82 pieces, was sold by the former Duke of Brunswick to a consortium of Jewish art dealers. In 1935, in the Netherlands, they sold its major portion to agents of Hermann Göring, the second most powerful man in Nazi Germany.

After World War II, the art dealers' heirs unsuccessfully sought the restitution of the treasure. In Germany, the Limbach Commission, a government advisory body, found that there were no grounds for restitution, and in the U.S., the Supreme Court ruled in the 2021 case Germany v. Phillipp that the U.S. courts had no jurisdiction over the restitution claims.

Gospels of Henry the Lion
The Gospels of Henry the Lion were intended by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, for the altar of the Virgin Mary in the church of St. Blaise's Abbey, Brunswick, better known as Brunswick Cathedral. The volume is considered a masterpiece of Romanesque book illumination of the 12th century.
Paxo
Paxo is a brand of stuffing and bread crumbs in the United Kingdom, currently owned by Premier Foods.

Paxo was devised in 1901 by John Crampton, a butcher from Eccles near Manchester, who wanted to have something extra to sell to his customers shopping for their Sunday lunch menus.

In the beginning sales growth of Paxo was slow because stuffing is mainly served with chickens and poultry was then traditionally regarded as a luxury. As the price of chickens dropped and that of red meats rose in the 1950s and 1960s, Paxo's popularity grew.

At Christmas, the product is advertised with the slogan "Christmas wouldn't be Christmas without the Paxo" (a play on the phrase "Christmas wouldn't be Christmas without the turkey").

Paxo was manufactured from the early 1950s in Sharston, Manchester, until 2009 when the factory was closed and production moved to the re-opened Bachelor's factory in Ashford, Kent.

Premier Foods
Premier Foods plc is a British food manufacturer headquartered in St Albans, Hertfordshire. The group owns many well-known brands, including Mr Kipling, Ambrosia, Bird's Custard, Angel Delight, Homepride cooking sauces, Lyons, Sharwood's, Loyd Grossman sauces, Oxo, Bisto, Batchelors, Vesta meals and Plantastic. Premier Foods also produce cakes under the Cadbury's name, using the brand under licence. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Mount Kinka Ropeway
The Mt. Kinka Ropeway (金華山ロープウェー, Kinkazan Rōpuwē) is a Japanese aerial lift line in Gifu, Gifu. This is the only line Gifu Kankō Ropeway (岐阜観光索道, Gifu Kankō Sakudō) operates. The company belongs to Meitetsu Group. The line, opened in 1955, climbs Mount Kinka, linking Gifu Park and Gifu Castle.

Mount Kinka (Gifu)
Mt. Kinka (金華山, Kinka-zan), also known as Kinkazan, is located in the heart of the city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and rises to a height of 329 m (1,079 ft). Previously called Mt. Inaba (稲葉山, Inaba-yama), it has long served as the representative symbol of Gifu. It stands along the Nagara River, creating bountiful nature within the city. Though it is the most famous mountain in the city, Mount Dodo, to the north, is the tallest.
Marina Inoue
Marina Inoue (井上 麻里奈, Inoue Marina; born January 20, 1985) is a Japanese voice actress and narrator from Tokyo, Japan. She is affiliated with Aoni Production. She was signed into Aniplex until 2007. She was chosen out of 2,000 people from the "Gonna be a star" auditions (hosted by Sony Music Entertainment Japan) for the title role in the OVA Le Portrait de Petit Cossette.

Sekirei
Sekirei (セキレイ; lit. 'Wagtail') is a Japanese manga series by Sakurako Gokurakuin. The manga was serialized in Square Enix's seinen manga magazine Young Gangan between December 2004 and August 2015. A special epilogue volume to the manga was serialized in the same magazine from May 2017 to March 2018. An anime adaptation produced by Seven Arcs and directed by Keizō Kusakawa aired in Japan between July and September 2008, and a second season aired between July and September 2010. Both seasons were licensed in North America by Funimation, until their license expired in 2017. The central character of the series is Minato Sahashi, a ronin who has failed his college entrance examinations two years in a row. His life changes, however, when he meets several women with special powers called "Sekirei" and is dragged into a battle to possibly decide the fate of the world.
Macworld/iWorld
Macworld/iWorld (originally Macworld) was an information technology trade show with conference tracks dedicated to Apple's Mac platform. It was held annually in the United States during January. Originally Macworld Expo and then Macworld Conference & Exposition, the gathering dates back to 1985. The conference was organized by International Data Group (IDG), co-publisher of Macworld magazine.

On December 18, 2008, Apple announced that the 2009 Macworld Conference & Expo would be the last in which the company participates. On October 14, 2014, IDG suspended Macworld/iWorld indefinitely.

Mac OS X Public Beta
Mac OS X Public Beta (internally code named "Kodiak") was the first publicly available version of Apple Computer's Mac OS X (now named macOS) operating system to feature the Aqua user interface. It was released to the public on September 13, 2000, for US$ 29.95. Its release was significant as the first publicly available evidence of Apple's ability to ship the "next-generation Mac operating system" after the Copland failure. It allowed software developers and early adopters to test a preview of the upcoming operating system and develop software for it before its final release. It is the only public version of Mac OS X to have a code name not based on a big cat until the release of 10.9 Mavericks in 2013. The US version had a build number of 1H39 and the international version had build number 2E14.