hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monte Jayuya
Monte Jayuya is the second highest peak of Puerto Rico measuring 1,296 meters (4,252 ft) above sea level. The mountain is located in the Cordillera Central, on the border between the municipalities of Jayuya (Barrio Saliente) and Ponce (Barrio Anón). The peak is located in the municipality of Ponce and it is within the Toro Negro State Forest.

Cordillera Central (Puerto Rico)
The Cordillera Central (English: "Central Mountain Range") is the only mountain range in the main island of Puerto Rico, consisting of three subranges: the western-central Cordillera Central, the southeastern Sierra de Cayey, and the northeastern Sierra de Luquillo. Bordered by the Northern Karst Belt to the northwest and costal plains to the north and south, the numerous ridges and foothills of the three subranges combined extend throughout the island. Concentrated in the western to central region of the island, the eponymous main subrange of Cordillera Central originates in the municipality of Mayagüez and merges with the Sierra de Cayey subrange on the town boundary between the municipalities of Barranquitas and Aibonito. At 1,338 meters (4,390 ft) on the town line between Ponce and Jayuya, Cerro de Punta is the summit of the Cordillera Central and the highest point in Puerto Rico.
Mount Bernard
Mount Bernard is a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the barony of Omagh West and the civil parish of Urney and covers an area of 50 acres.

The population of the townland declined slightly during the 19th century:

Urney, County Tyrone
Urney (Irish: An Urnaí, meaning 'Place of Prayer') is a townland (of 188 acres) and civil parish in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. Both townland and parish are situated in the historic barony of Strabane Lower. It lies within the Derry City and Strabane area.

Urney is notable as being the first manufacturing location of Urney Chocolates, established in 1919.

It was also the birthplace of William Burke, notorious for the Burke and Hare murders.
Naval War College Museum
The Naval War College Museum in Newport, Rhode Island, is one of 10 official American museums operated by the United States Navy, under the direction of the Naval History & Heritage Command and in co-operation with the Naval War College. It is located at Building 10, Luce Avenue, Naval Station Newport.  It is located in the building which first housed the Naval War College, a structure built in the early 19th century to house Newport's poor.  The building is a contributing element to a National Historic Landmark District, along with Luce Hall, the college's first purpose-built building, in recognition of the War College's historical significance.

Naval War College
The Naval War College (NWC or NAVWARCOL) is the staff college and "Home of Thought" for the United States Navy at Naval Station Newport in Newport, Rhode Island. The NWC educates and develops leaders, supports defining the future Navy and associated roles and missions, supports combat readiness, and strengthens global maritime partnerships.

The Naval War College is one of the senior service colleges including the Army War College, the Marine Corps War College, and the USAF Air War College.  Additionally, the U.S. Department of Defense operates the National War College.
James Douglas Hamilton Dickson
James Douglas Hamilton Dickson FRSE MRI (1 May 1849 – 6 February 1931) was a Scottish mathematician and expert in electricity. He was a Senior  Fellow at Peterhouse, Cambridge. Glasgow University elected him an Eglinton Fellow. He was the elder brother of Charles Dickson, Lord Dickson.

He had in-depth knowledge in fields of electricity and electrostatics and also a great interest in low temperature physics.

James Dewar
Sir James Dewar FRS FRSE (/djuːər/ DEW-ər; 20 September 1842 – 27 March 1923) was a Scottish chemist and physicist.  He is best known for his invention of the vacuum flask, which he used in conjunction for his research into the liquefaction of gases. He also studied atomic and molecular spectroscopy, working in these fields for more than 25 years. Dewar was nominated for the Nobel Prize 8 times — 5 times in Physics and 3 times in Chemistry — but he was never so honoured.
Gimenez stain
The Gimenez staining technique uses biological stains to detect and identify bacterial infections in tissue samples.  Although largely superseded by techniques like Giemsa staining, the Gimenez technique may be valuable for detecting certain slow-growing or fastidious bacteria.

Basic fuchsin stain  in aqueous solution with phenol and ethanol colours many bacteria (both gram positive and Gram negative) red, magenta, or pink.  A malachite green counterstain gives a blue-green background cast to the surrounding tissue.

Malachite green
Malachite green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff and controversially as an antimicrobial in aquaculture. Malachite green is traditionally used as a dye for materials such as silk, leather, and paper. Despite its name the dye is not prepared from the mineral malachite; the name just comes from the similarity of color.
Ecetra
Ecetra was a town of the ancient Volsci tribe of central Italy. Its location is no longer known.

It is mentioned by Livy in 495 BC in the context of the failed Volscian invasion of Rome.  Livy says that after the Roman victory, the ambassadors of Ecetra asked the Roman senate for peace, who agreed on the basis that the Ecetran lands were ceded to Rome.

In 464 BC the Ecetrans allied with the Aequi and revolted against Rome.  The Hernici warned Rome of the betrayal, and the Romans were ultimately victorious.

Volsci
The Volsci (UK: /ˈvɒlskiː/, US: /ˈvɔːl-, ˈvɒlsaɪ, -siː/, Latin: [ˈwɔɫskiː]) were an Italic tribe, well known in the history of the first century of the Roman Republic. At the time they inhabited the partly hilly, partly marshy district of the south of Latium, bounded by the Aurunci and Samnites on the south, the Hernici on the east, and stretching roughly from Norba and Cora in the north to Antium in the south. Rivals of Rome for several hundred years, their territories were taken over by and assimilated into the growing republic by 304 BC. Rome's first emperor Augustus was of Volscian descent.
América Arias
América Arias López (October 6, 1857 – April 23, 1935), also known as América Arias de Gómez, was a Cuban philanthropist and benefactor, known for her charitable initiatives, as well as her support for various organizations and publications in Cuba. Arias was the second First Lady of Cuba from 1909 to 1913 as the wife of President José Miguel Gómez. She was a prominent, early supporter of the Cuban independence movement and served as a messenger and nurse during the Little War with the rank of captain.

Miguel Mariano Gómez
Miguel Mariano Gómez y Arias (Latin American Spanish: [miˈɣel maˈɾjano ˈɣomes i ˈaɾjas]; October 6, 1889 – October 26, 1950) was a Cuban politician who served as the seventh President of Cuba for just over seven months in 1936. Compared to other administrations, there was general peace and tranquillity in Cuba during Gómez's brief presidency. It is claimed that he was a talented orator and writer, and the opposite of the typical "man on a horseback" attributed to previous Cuban Presidents with military backgrounds.
Municipalities of Qatar
Since 2015, Qatar has been divided into eight municipalities. In 2004, a new municipality, Al Daayen, was created under Resolution No. 13, formed from parts of Umm Salal and Al Khawr; at the same time, Al Ghuwariyah was merged with Al Khawr; Al Jumaliyah was merged with Ar Rayyan; Jarayan al Batnah was split between Al Rayyan and Al Wakrah; and Mesaieed was merged with Al Wakrah. In 2014, the western city of Al-Shahaniya split off from Al Rayyan Municipality to form its own municipality.

For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into 98 zones (as of 2015), which are in turn subdivided into districts and blocks, the latter being the lowest subdivision.

Al Daayen
Al Daayen (Arabic: الضعاين [ALA-LC: al-Ḍaʻāyin; Wehr: aḍ-ḍaʿāyin]; also spelled as الظعاين [ALA-LC: al-Ẓaʻāyin; Wehr: aẓ-ẓaʿāyin]) is a municipality in Qatar. Most of the urban landscape can be found in the southern zone of the municipality, particularly in the city of Lusail, while the northern and central sections are primarily rural. It is one of the fastest growing municipalities in Qatar due to its close proximity to the capital Doha.

Umm Qarn hosts the municipal office and serves as the municipality's administrative seat.
Cleveland Barons (1937–1973)
The Cleveland Barons were a minor league professional ice hockey team in the American Hockey League. They played in Cleveland, Ohio, at the Cleveland Arena. At the time they folded, they were the most successful team in AHL history, the original incarnation of the Barons played in the AHL from 1937 to 1973. In that time, they won ten division titles and nine Calder Cups, which, although the team had been defunct for over three decades, remained a record until 2009, when the Hershey Bears won their 10th Calder Cup. In 1973, they relocated to Jacksonville, Florida, where they were known as the Jacksonville Barons; they lasted only through the 1973–1974 season before folding.

1972–73 AHL season
The 1972–73 AHL season was the 37th season of the American Hockey League. Twelve teams played 76 games each in the schedule. The Cincinnati Swords finished first overall in the regular season, and won the Calder Cup championship.
Ljussens
Ljussens (Dutch: Lioessens) is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 348 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

The village was first mentioned in 1401 as Luscens, and means "people of Liusse (Liutfrid)". The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 13th century. Around 1480, it was enlarged and received a five-sided choir. In 1840, Ljussens was home to 439 people.

The village's official name was changed from Lioessens to Ljussens in 2023.

Dongeradeel
Dongeradeel (Dutch: [ˈdɔŋəraːˌdeːl] ⓘ; West Frisian: Dongeradiel [ˈdoŋəraˌdiəl] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the northern Netherlands. In 2019 it merged with the municipalities of Ferwerderadiel and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland to form the new municipality Noardeast-Fryslân.
John Petrucci
John Peter Petrucci (born July 12, 1967) is an American guitarist, best known as a founding member of the progressive metal band Dream Theater. He produced or co-produced (often with Mike Portnoy before Portnoy's absence from the band 2010-2023) all of Dream Theater's albums from Metropolis Pt. 2: Scenes from a Memory (1999), and has been the sole producer of the band's albums released since A Dramatic Turn of Events (2011). Petrucci has also released two solo albums: Suspended Animation (2005) and Terminal Velocity (2020).

Shred guitar
Shred guitar is a virtuosic style of electric guitar performance. Categorized by its use of advanced techniques, shredding is a complex art form. Shred guitar includes fast alternate picking, sweep-picking, diminished and harmonic minor scales, tapping, and whammy bar use. Often incorporated in heavy metal, guitarists employ a guitar amplifier and a range of effects such as distortion. This creates a sustained guitar tone and may facilitate guitar feedback.

The term is sometimes used in reference to virtuosic playing by instrumentalists other than guitarists as well. The term "shred" is used outside the metal idiom, particularly by bluegrass musicians and jazz-rock fusion electric guitarists.
Motherwell
Motherwell (Scots: Mitherwall, Scottish Gaelic: Tobar na Màthar) is a town and former burgh in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, around 12 miles (19 km) south east of Glasgow. It has a population of around 32,120. Historically in the parish of Dalziel and part of Lanarkshire, Motherwell is the headquarters for North Lanarkshire Council. Geographically the River Clyde separates Motherwell from Hamilton to the west whereas the South Calder Water separates Motherwell from Carfin to the north-east and New Stevenston and Bellshill towards the north.

Motherwell is also geographically attached to Wishaw and the two towns form a large urban area in North Lanarkshire, with both towns having similar populations and strong community ties.

Fir Park
Fir Park Stadium is a football stadium situated in Motherwell, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The stadium plays host to the home matches of Scottish Premiership club Motherwell and was the temporary home of Gretna for the 2007–08 SPL season. Motherwell moved to the stadium in 1896, previously playing their football at Dalziel Park.
Sunset Strip curfew riots
The Sunset Strip curfew riots, also known as the "hippie riots", were a series of early counterculture-era clashes that took place between police and young people on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, California, United States, in 1966.

Whisky a Go Go
The Whisky a Go Go (informally nicknamed The Whisky) is a historic nightclub in West Hollywood, California, United States. It is located at 8901 Sunset Boulevard on the Sunset Strip, corner North Clark Street, opposite North San Vicente Boulevard, northwest corner. The club played a central role in the Los Angeles music scene from the 1960s through the 1990s.
North American Energy Infrastructure Act
The North American Energy Infrastructure Act (H.R. 3301) is a bill that would make changes to permitting requirements for pipelines and other energy infrastructure at international borders. Instead of obtaining a Presidential permit, sponsors of oil pipelines and electric transmission projects that cross international borders would be required to obtain a certificate of crossing from either the United States Secretary of State or the United States Secretary of Energy.

The bill was introduced and passed in the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress.

Fred Upton
Frederick Stephen Upton (born April 23, 1953) is an American politician who served as a U.S. representative from Michigan from 1987 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he represented Kalamazoo and much of southwestern Michigan for 18 terms before retiring in 2023.

A former chairman of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, Upton has played a major role in shaping post-Obamacare health care legislation. He is the only person in American history to vote to impeach two presidents; he voted for the impeachment of Bill Clinton in 1998 and the second impeachment of Donald Trump in 2021, as one of ten Republicans who voted to impeach Trump. After Sander Levin retired at the end of the 115th Congress, Upton became the dean of Michigan's congressional delegation.
Walcourt
Walcourt (French pronunciation: [walkuʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Walcoû) is a municipality and city of Wallonia located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

On 1 January 2006, the municipality had 17,516 inhabitants. The total area is 123.18 km2, giving a population density of 142 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Berzée, Castillon, Chastrès, Clermont, Fontenelle, Fraire, Gourdinne, Laneffe, Pry, Rognée, Somzée, Tarcienne, Thy-le-Château, Vogenée, Walcourt, Yves-Gomezée.

Thy-le-Château
Thy-le-Château (French pronunciation: [ti lə ʃato], lit. 'Thy the Castle'; Walloon: Tî-l'-Tchestea) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Walcourt, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.

The village is mentioned for the first time in the archives of Lobbes Abbey in the 9th century. In 1190 it passed from the abbey to the Count of Hainaut. During the following centuries, the holding often switched owner and belonged to several of the most illustrious noble families of the region. From the 17th century, the village developed a metalworking industry. The village centre is dominated by the castle of Thy-le-Château, a large edifice which dates back to the 12th century.
AEKKEA-RAAB
The history of AEKKEA (Anonymos Etaireia Kataskevis Kai Ekmetallefseos Aeroplanon - Societe Anonyme Pour la Fabrication et l'Exploitation des Avions Raab), an aircraft maker based in Greece, is connected with the history of a talented German aircraft designer, Antonius Raab (his first name alternatively known as Antonios, in Greek, and Antonio, in Spanish after his involvement in Spain).

AEKKEA-RAAB R-29
The AEKKEA-RAAB R-29 was a Greek single-seat parasol monoplane trainer and/or light fighter developed by Antonius Raab, a German aircraft designer, with his Greek partners and was one of the Raab-type aircraft developed in Greece.
Yaovi Adodo
Yaovi Prosper Adodo (born 12 June 1942) is a former Togolese diplomat and politician. Adodo was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1987 to 1991 under President Gnassingbé Eyadéma. Additionally he served as Minister of Finance from 1988 to 1990. He was previously Minister of Planning and Industry, in which capacity he signed the Third ACP-EEC Convention in Lomé on 8 December 1984.

Adodo was appointed one of six members of the Commission of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) on 30 January 1995.

Minister of Finance (Togo)
This is a list of finance ministers of Togo.

Hospice Coco, 1958–1963

Antoine Meatchi, 1963–1966

Boukari Djobo, 1966

Benoit Bedou, 1966–1967

Boukari Djobo, 1967–1969

Jean Têvi, 1969–1973

Edem Kodjo, 1973–1977

Yao Grunitzky, 1977–1978

Tété Têvi Benissan, 1978–1984

Komlan Alipui, 1984–1988

Yaovi Adodo, 1988–1990

Komlan Alipui, 1990–1991

Elias Kwassivi Kpetigo, 1991–1993

Franck Fianyo, 1993–1994

Elom Emile Dadzie, 1994–1996

Barry Moussa Barque, 1996–1999

Abdoul-Hamid Segoun Tidjani Dourodjaye, 1999–2000

Tankpadja Lalle, 2000–2002

Kossi Assimaidou, 2002

Ayawovi Demba Tignokpa, 2002–2003

Débaba Bale, 2003–2005

Payadowa Boukpessi, 2005–2007

Adji Otèth Ayassor, 2007–2016

Sani Yaya, 2016–2024

Essowè Georges Barcola, 2024-present
Celia Hoyles
Dame Celia Mary Hoyles, DBE, FAcSS, FIMA (née French; born 18 May 1946) is a British mathematician, educationalist and Professor of Mathematics Education at University College London (UCL), in the Institute of Education (IoE).

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Chicle
Chicle (/ˈtʃɪkəl/) is a latex traditionally used in making chewing gum and other products. It is collected from several species of Mesoamerican trees in the genus Manilkara, including M. zapota, M. chicle, M. staminodella, and M. bidentata.

The tapping of the gum is similar to the tapping of latex from the rubber tree: zig-zag gashes are made in the tree trunk and the dripping gum is collected in small bags. It is then boiled until it reaches the correct thickness. Locals who collect chicle are called chicleros.

Manilkara zapota
Manilkara zapota, commonly known as sapodilla (Spanish: [ˌsapoˈðiʝa]), sapote, chicozapote, chico, chicoo, chicle, naseberry, nispero, or
soapapple, among other names,: 515  is an evergreen tree native to southern Mexico and Central America. An example natural occurrence is in coastal Yucatán, in the Petenes mangroves ecoregion, where it is a subdominant plant species. It was introduced to the Philippines during Spanish colonization. It is grown in large quantities in Mexico and in tropical Asia, including India, Pakistan, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, as well as in the Caribbean.
William Randolph Barbee
William Randolph Barbee (January 17, 1818 – June 16, 1868) was an American sculptor recognized for creating idealized, sentimental classical figures. Barbee's most notable works were the marble sculptures entitled Coquette and Fisher Girl.

Luray, Virginia
Luray is the county seat of Page County, Virginia, United States. It is in the Shenandoah Valley and found within the northwestern part of the Commonwealth. The population was 4,831 at the 2020 census.

The town was founded by William Staige Marye in 1812, a descendant of a family native to Luray, France.
FIBA U17 Centrobasket
The FIBA U17 Centrobasket is a men's under-17 basketball tournament held every two years among 31 countries of Central America and the Caribbean and is organized in part by FIBA Americas. The tournament serves as a gateway to the FIBA Under-18 AmeriCup.

FIBA Under-18 AmeriCup
The FIBA U18 AmeriCup, previously known as the FIBA Under-18 Americas Championship, is the Americas basketball championship for men's under-18 national teams that takes place every two years in the FIBA Americas zone. The top four finishers qualify for the FIBA Under-19 Basketball World Cup.
Slavery in Australia
Slavery in Australia has existed in various forms from colonisation in 1788 to the present day. British settlement relied heavily on convicts, sent to Australia as punishment for crimes and forced into labour and often leased to private individuals. Many Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders were also forced into various forms of slavery and unfree labour from colonisation. Some Indigenous Australians were unfree labourers until the 1970s.

Pacific Islanders (mostly Melanesians) were kidnapped or coerced to come to Australia and work, in a practice known as blackbirding. Labourers were also imported from India and China, and employed in various degrees of unfree labour. Legal protections varied and were sometimes not enforced, particularly with workers who were effectively forced to work for their employers and would often go unpaid.

Australia was held to the Slave Trade Act 1807 as well as the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, which abolished slavery in the British Empire.

Pearling in Western Australia
Pearling in Western Australia includes the harvesting and farming of both pearls and pearl shells (for mother of pearl) along the north-western coast of Western Australia.

The practice of collecting pearl shells existed well before British settlement.  After settlement, Aboriginal people were used as slave labour in the emerging commercial industry, a practice known as blackbirding. After 1886, with the rise of 'hard hat' diving, Asian divers from coastal and island regions became most common, leading to the pearling industry being the sole exception to the White Australia Policy of 1901.: 146

Pearling centred first around Nickol Bay and Exmouth Gulf and then around Broome, to become the largest in the world by 1910. The farming of cultured pearls remains an important part of the Kimberley economy, worth A$67 million in 2014 and is the second largest fisheries industry in Western Australia after rock lobster.
Dilly Knox
Alfred Dillwyn "Dilly" Knox, CMG (23 July 1884 – 27 February 1943) was an English classics scholar and papyrologist at King's College, Cambridge and a codebreaker. As a member of the Room 40 codebreaking unit he helped decrypt the Zimmermann Telegram which brought the USA into the First World War. He then joined the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS).

As chief cryptographer, Knox played an important role in the Polish–French–British meetings on the eve of the Second World War which disclosed Polish cryptanalysis of the Axis Enigma to the Allies.

At Bletchley Park, he worked on the cryptanalysis of Enigma ciphers until his death in 1943. He built the team and discovered the method that broke the Italian Naval Enigma, producing the intelligence credited with Allied victory at the Battle of Cape Matapan. In 1941, Knox broke the Abwehr Enigma. By the end of the war, Intelligence Service Knox had disseminated 140,800 Abwehr decrypts, including intelligence important for D-Day.

Peter Twinn
Peter Frank George Twinn CBE (9 January 1916 – 29 October 2004) was an English mathematician, Second World War codebreaker and entomologist. He was the first mathematician to be recruited to the Government Code and Cypher School, Head of Intelligence Service Knox (ISK) from 1943, the unit responsible for decrypting over 100,000 Abwehr communications.