hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Caledonian snipe
The New Caledonian snipe (Coenocorypha neocaledonica) is an extinct species of austral snipe, described from late Holocene cave deposits on the French island of New Caledonia in the western Pacific Ocean. The specific epithet is a latinisation of the name of its island home.

Austral snipe
The austral snipes, also known as the New Zealand snipes or tutukiwi, are a genus, Coenocorypha, of tiny birds in the sandpiper family, which are now only found on New Zealand's outlying islands. There are currently three living species and  six known extinct species, with the Subantarctic snipe having three subspecies, including the Campbell Island snipe discovered as recently as 1997. The genus was once distributed from Fiji, New Caledonia and Norfolk Island, across New Zealand and southwards into New Zealand's subantarctic islands, but predation by introduced species, especially rats, has drastically reduced their range.
Pichvnari
Pichvnari (Georgian: ფიჭვნარი, also transliterated as Pičvnari) is the site of a Colchian settlement; its ancient name is unknown. It is within modern Georgia, on the coast at the confluence of the Choloki and Ochkhamuri rivers, about 10 kilometres north of the seaside resort of Kobuleti.

Excavations restarted in 1998 as an Anglo-Georgian collaborative effort (British-Georgian Pichvnari Expedition of Pichvnari) between the Batumi Archaeological Museum, the N. Berdzenishvili Batumi Research Institute and the Ashmolean Museum of Oxford University.

A multilevel Bronze Age settlement of Pichori is located on the coast north of Pichvnari.

Ochkhamuri (river)
The Ochkhamuri (Georgian: ოჩხამური) is a river in Adjara, Georgia, a left tributary to the Choloki. Its length is 21,4 km and the area of basin is 65,2 km.2 The townlet of the same name is located on the banks of the river.

The archaeological complex of Pichvnari lies at the confluence of the Choloki and the Ochkhamuri, near the Black Sea coast. Both rivers flow through the area which was home to a rich Bronze Age culture of Colchis.
Hashimoto, Wakayama
Hashimoto (橋本市, Hashimoto-shi) is a city located in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2021, the city had an estimated population of 61,063 in 27,392 households and a population density of 470 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 130.55 square kilometres (50.41 sq mi).

Kudoyama
Kudoyama (九度山町, Kudoyama-chō) is a town located in Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2021, the town had an estimated population of 3,996 in 1770 households and a population density of 91 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 44.15 square kilometres (17.05 sq mi).
Willy Oddó
Guillermo Oddó Parraguez (October 14, 1943 – November 7, 1991), better knolwn as Willy Oddó, was a Chilean musician and engineer known as a leading vocalist in the Chilean folk music ensemble, Quilapayún between 1967 and 1987.

Basta (album)
Basta (Enough!/Das genügt!) is an album that was released by Quilapayún in 1969. It brings together popular and folk songs from Latin America, the former USSR, and Italy. This album included "La muralla"/The wall - one of the most popular folk songs in Latin America - based on the text of a poem by the Cuban poet Nicolás Guillén.

The vocal arrangements reach their peak in “Bella Ciao”, “Por montañas y praderas” and “Patrón.”  This album – as X Vietnam - shows the internationalism of Nueva Cancion Chilena/ New Chilean Song.
Low-volatility anomaly
In investing and finance, the low-volatility anomaly is the observation that low-volatility securities have higher returns than high-volatility securities in most markets studied. This is an example of a stock market anomaly since it contradicts the central prediction of many financial theories that higher returns can only be achieved by taking more risk.

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) predicts a positive and linear relation between the systematic risk exposure of a security (its beta) and its expected future return. However, the low-volatility anomaly falsifies this prediction of the CAPM  by showing that higher beta stocks have historically underperformed lower beta stocks. Additionally, stocks with higher idiosyncratic risk often yield lower returns compared to those with lower idiosyncratic risk. The anomaly is also document within corporate bond markets.

The low-volatility anomaly has also been referred to as the low-beta, minimum-variance, minimum volatility anomaly.

Volatility (finance)
In finance, volatility (usually denoted by "σ") is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time, usually measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns.

Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices.  Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option).
Mariana Frenk-Westheim
Mariana Frenk-Westheim (4 June 1898 – 24 June 2004) was a German-Mexican writer of prose, Hispanist, lecturer in literature, museum curator, and translator from Spanish to German.

Frenk-Westheim, the daughter of Jewish parents, was born in Hamburg and left Germany in 1930 with her husband, physician Ernst Frenk, and two children, and moved to Mexico. After her husband's death she married Paul Westheim, an art historian.

Her most renowned translations are of books by Mexican author Juan Rulfo. In 2002 she published her poems in a volume, "Tausend Reime für Große und Kleime. Die Tier- und Dingwelt alphabetisch vorgestellt". She died in Mexico City at the age of 106.

In 2013, Frenk-Westheim's daughter Margit Frenk sued for the return of paintings from Westheim's art collection, alleging that Charlotte Weidler, to whom they had been entrusted in Nazi Germany, sold them illegally after telling Westheim that they had been destroyed.

Paul Westheim
Paul Westheim (7 August 1886 in Eschwege, Germany – 21 December 1963 in East Berlin, East Germany) was a German art historian and publisher of the magazine Das Kunstblatt. The fate of Westheim's art collection, which was sold after his death by Charlotte Weidler, has been the subject of major art restitution lawsuits.
European emission standards
The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards that regulate pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and European Economic Area member states and the United Kingdom, and ships in European territorial waters. These standards target air pollution from exhaust gases, brake dust, and tyre rubber pollution, and are defined through a series of European Union directives that progressively introduce stricter limits to reduce environmental impact.

Euro 7, agreed in 2024 and due to come into force in 2026, includes non-exhaust emissions such as particulates from tyres and brakes. Until 2030 fossil fueled vehicles are allowed to have dirtier brakes than electric vehicles.: 5

Emission standard
Emission standards  are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere. Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes. They are generally designed to achieve air quality standards and to protect human life. Different regions and countries have different standards for vehicle emissions.
Zico (rapper)
Woo Ji-ho (Korean: 우지호; born September 14, 1992), known professionally as Zico (Korean: 지코), is a South Korean rapper, record producer, and singer-songwriter. He debuted as the leader of the boy band Block B in 2011 and made his first solo release in 2014.

Zico is notable for his crossover skills within the Korean hip hop scene, maintaining an underground reputation along with mainstream appeal as a Korean idol. He is a record producer of both K-pop and Korean hip hop music. He is also part of the crew Fanxy Child, which he formed in 2016. In 2019, he released his first full-length solo album, Thinking. Zico's 2020 single "Any Song" spent seven weeks atop the Circle Digital Chart, becoming the longest-running number-one song in history at the time. In 2024, he achieved his first number-one hit on the US Billboard World Digital Song Sales chart and his first top-ten entry on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart with the single "Spot!" featuring Jennie.

Hybe
Hybe Co., Ltd. (Korean: 하이브), commonly known as simply Hybe, is a South Korean multinational conglomerate HYBE has transformed from a traditional music entertainment company (formerly Big Hit Entertainment) into a tech-driven lifestyle platform corporation.

The company operates under three main pillars: Labels, Solutions, and Platforms, with a heavy emphasis on utilizing technology for growth.
San Anton School
San Anton School is a private co-educational school located in Mselliet, near Mġarr, Malta. 
The school was founded in 1988 in the village of Attard, close to the President's San Anton Palace, giving the school its name.

Mġarr
Mġarr (Maltese: L-Imġarr), formerly known as Mgiarro, is a village in the Northern Region of Malta. Mġarr is a rural village, isolated from nearby towns and cities. Mġarr lies west of Mosta and is surrounded by farmland and vineyards. Many of the 4,840 Imġarrin are farmers or otherwise engaged in agricultural activity.
Electrical busbar system
Electrical busbar systems (sometimes simply referred to as busbar systems) are a modular approach to electrical wiring, where instead of a standard cable wiring to every single electrical device, the electrical devices are mounted onto an adapter which is directly fitted to a current carrying busbar.  This modular approach is used in distribution boards, automation panels and other kinds of installation in an electrical enclosure.

Busbar systems are subject to safety standards for design and installation along with electrical enclosure according to IEC 61439-1 and vary between countries and regions.

Distribution board
A distribution board (also known as panelboard, circuit breaker panel, breaker panel, electric panel, fuse box or DB box) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure. Normally, a main switch, and in recent boards, one or more residual-current devices (RCDs) or residual current breakers with overcurrent protection (RCBOs) are also incorporated.

In the United Kingdom, a distribution board designed for domestic installations is known as a consumer unit.
YGCO Chiyoda Station
The YGCO Chiyoda Station (YGCO: Yamaneko Group of Comet Observers) is an astronomical observatory based in Chiyoda, Gunma, Japan. It has Observatory code number 897. One of its main tasks is to keep track of and survey near-Earth asteroids. It is maintained by the Yamaneko Group of Comet Observers.

Yamaneko Group of Comet Observers
The Yamaneko Group of Comet Observers (YGCO) is a famous group of astronomical observers based in Japan. Founded by K. Ichikawa in 1980, the members have obtained approximately 12,300 astronomic and 6,300 photometric observations. This group maintains the YGCO Chiyoda Station, also based in Japan.
3rd Georgia Regiment
The 3rd Georgia Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Georgia Line during the American Revolutionary War. Raised in Georgia but recruited in North Carolina, the regiment fought in the Siege of Savannah and was surrendered to the British in the Siege of Charleston.

Georgia Line
The Georgia Line was a military formation within the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The term "Georgia Line" referred to the quota of one infantry regiment which was assigned to Georgia at various times by the Continental Congress. The term also included the three infantry regiments in excess of Georgia's quota that were raised outside the state. These, together with similar contingents from the other twelve states, formed the Continental Line. The concept was particularly important for the promotion of commissioned officers. Officers of the Continental Army below the rank of brigadier general were ordinarily ineligible for promotion except in the line of their own state.
Belite Brezi
Belite Brezi (Bulgarian: Белите Брези or Бели Брези:Beli Brezi, meaning The Silver Birches) is a resort area in the Rhodope Mountains of southern Bulgaria. The reserve is located 30 km (19 mi) from the town of Kardzhali and 6 km (3.7 mi) from the town of Ardino. This is one of the places with the most developed tourism in the area. On its territory there is a holiday house with a total capacity of about 250 beds. The area was created to protect the only naturally growing forest of silver birch (Betula pendula) in the Rhodopes. Natural silver birch forests are rare in Bulgaria and the main areas covered in this species are artificially planted. Belite Brezi has an area of about 3680 decares. Other tree species in the forest include European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Austrian pine (Pinus nigra), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and others, but they are under-represented.

Rhodope Mountains
The Rhodopes (/ˈrɒdəpiːz/; Bulgarian: Родопи, Rodopi; Greek: Ροδόπη, Rodopi; Turkish: Rodoplar) are a mountain range in Southeastern Europe, and the largest by area in Bulgaria, with over 83% of its area in the southern part of the country and the remainder in Greece. Golyam Perelik is its highest peak at 2,191 meters (7,188 ft). The mountain range gives its name to the terrestrial ecoregion Rodope montane mixed forests that belongs in the temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biome and the Palearctic realm. The region is particularly notable for its karst areas with their deep river gorges, large caves and specific sculptured forms, such as the Trigrad Gorge.

A significant part of Bulgaria's hydropower resources are located in the western areas of the range. There are a number of hydro-cascades and dams used for electricity production, irrigation, and as tourist destinations.
1986 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation
The 1986 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation (Chinese: 1986年度十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮) was held in January 1987. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series held in Hong Kong.

Jade Solid Gold Awards
The Jade Solid Gold Awards (Chinese: 勁歌金曲頒獎典禮; Jyutping: ging3 go1 gam1 kuk1 baan1 zoeng2 din2 lai5; also known as J.S.G. Awards Presentation) is one of the main C-pop music award in Hong Kong based on the Jade Solid Gold TVB television show. The award began with the 1984 ceremonial season after the 1983 music season. Historically the ceremony is held in January following the end of the previous music season at the Hong Kong Coliseum located in Hung Hom. The show is televised on TVB station annually, and has remained to be one of the headline topics for entertainment news in the region. The other notable award is the RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards.
Wowza Streaming Engine
Wowza Streaming Engine (known as Wowza Media Server prior to version 4) is a unified streaming media server software developed by Wowza. The server is used for streaming of live and on-demand video, audio, and rich Internet applications over IP networks to desktop, laptop, and tablet computers, mobile devices, IPTV set-top boxes, internet-connected TV sets, game consoles, and other network-connected devices. The server is a Java application deployable on most operating systems.

Real-Time Streaming Protocol
The Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) is an application-level network protocol designed for multiplexing and packetizing multimedia transport streams (such as interactive media, video and audio) over a suitable transport protocol.
RTSP is used in entertainment and communications systems to control streaming media servers.
The protocol is used for establishing and controlling media sessions between endpoints.
Clients of media servers issue commands such as play, record and pause to facilitate real-time control of the media streaming from the server to a client (video on demand) or from a client to the server (voice recording).
Workington bus station
Workington bus station is a bus station in Workington, England. It was opened on 19 March 1926 by Cumberland Motor Services as the first purpose-built covered bus station in Great Britain. In March 2006, a request from the Workington and District Civic Trust to have the building listed was turned down as it was deemed to have had too many modifications. In October 2006, a plaque was added to the exterior of the building to commemorate its history. In 2019, the bus station was redecorated and paintings from local schoolchildren were installed on its interior walls.

Workington
Workington /ˈwɜːrkɪŋtən/ is a coastal port town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The town is at the mouth of the River Derwent on the west coast, 32 miles (51 km) south-west of Carlisle and 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Whitehaven. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 25,448 and the built up area had a population of 21,275.
Operation Kingfisher
Operation Kingfisher was a U.S. Marine Corps operation that took place during the Vietnam War. The operation was carried out in the western part of "Leatherneck Square" near Con Thien, lasting from 16 July to 31 October 1967.

Con Thien
Con Thien (Vietnamese: Cồn Tiên, meaning the "Hill of Angels") was a military base that started out as a U.S. Army Special Forces camp before transitioning to a United States Marine Corps combat base.  It was located near the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) about 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) from North Vietnam in Gio Linh District, Quảng Trị Province. It was the site of fierce fighting from February 1967 through February 1968.
Codex Laud
The Codex Laud, or Laudianus, is a Mesoamerican codex, possibly from the fifteenth-century, named for its former owner William Laud. It is part of the Borgia Group and housed at the Bodleian Library, Oxford.

The codex is an animal hide pictorial manuscript consisting of 24 leaves (48 pages). Represented is the 260-day calendar, or tonalpohualli, as well as rituals and offerings. The codex enters the historical record in 1636 as part of Laud's second donation to the Bodleian.

It is published (with an "Introduction" by C. A. Burland) in Volume XI of CODICES SELECTI of the Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz.

The Bodleian Library holds four other Mesoamerican codices, including Codex Bodley, Codex Mendoza, Codex Selden and the Selden Roll.

Codex Bodley
The Codex Bodley is an important pictographic manuscript of the Mixtec Group and example of Mixtec historiography. It dates to circa 1500 in a variant of the Mixteca-Puebla style of Codex writing. Its colloquial name comes from the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford, where it's been stored since the 17th century. It is also referred to as the "Codex Ñuu Tnoo"  with Ñuu Tnoo-Huahi Andehui or Ñūù Tnúu-Ve'e Ándɨu (Modern day Tilantongo Mixtec) being the Mixtec name for an Indigenous settlement in Oaxaca, Mexico also known as Tilantongo (directly from its Nahuatl name), which translates to "Black Town-Temple of Heaven." Tilantongo is the location of the modern town of Santiago Tilantongo.
Lima, New York
Lima (/ˈlaɪmə/, the name is a shibboleth) is a town in Livingston County, New York, United States. The population was 4,154 at the 2020 census. The town is in the northeast part of the county, south of Rochester. The village of Lima is located within the town.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Academy of Art University Automobile Museum
The Academy of Art University Automobile Museum is a non-profit museum located in San Francisco, California. The museum serves both as a conservator of automotive history and as a tool for students in the industrial design department at the Academy of Art University, particularly those in the Automotive Restoration program.

In 2015, Forbes estimated the value of the museum's collection to be $70 million. With over 42 exhibits on display, the museum is accessible for both AAU students as well as the general public.

Academy of Art University
The Academy of Art University (AAU, or ART U), formerly Academy of Art College and Richard Stephens Academy of Art, is a private for-profit art school in San Francisco, California. It was founded as the Academy of Advertising Art by Richard S. Stephens in 1929. The school is one of the largest property owners in San Francisco, with the main campus located on New Montgomery Street in the South of Market district.

In fall 2024, it had 121 full-time teachers, 485 part-time teaching staff, and 6,320 students; it claims to be the largest privately owned art and design school in the United States.
Sa'id ibn Makhlad
Sa'id ibn Makhlad (Arabic: سعيد بن مخلد) (died 889) was a senior official of the Abbasid Caliphate. Born a Nestorian Christian, he converted to Islam and served as a secretary in the Abbasid capital, Baghdad. He rose to prominence during the regency of al-Muwaffaq over his brother, the Caliph al-Mu'tamid (r. 870–892): between 878 and 885, he served as de facto vizier of the Caliphate, although he did not bear the title. His valuable assistance to al-Muwaffaq was recognized in 882 by the award of the honorific title Dhu'l-wizaratayn ("possessor of the two vizierates"), with which he appears even on coins. However, the activities of his brother, Abdun, who had remained a Christian and tried to obtain concessions for the Christian subjects of the Caliphate, brought about his sudden fall from power in 885. He died in 889.

Sa'id has been erroneously considered by some writers as the brother of another Christian convert, al-Hasan ibn Makhlad al-Jarrah, who was his predecessor as vizier.

Al-Mu'tamid
Abu’l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Muʿtamid ʿalā’Llāh (Arabic: أبو العباس أحمد بن جعفر; c. 842 – 14 October 892), better known by his regnal name al-Muʿtamid ʿalā 'llāh (المعتمد على الله, 'Dependent on God'), was the caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from 870 to 892. His reign marks the end of the "Anarchy at Samarra" and the start of the Abbasid restoration, but he was largely a ruler in name only. Power was held by his brother al-Muwaffaq, who held the loyalty of the military. Al-Mu'tamid's authority was circumscribed further after a failed attempt to flee to the domains controlled by Ahmad ibn Tulun in late 882, and he was placed under house arrest by his brother. In 891, when al-Muwaffaq died, loyalists attempted to restore power to the Caliph, but were quickly overcome by al-Muwaffaq's son al-Mu'tadid, who assumed his father's powers. When al-Mu'tamid died in 892, al-Mu'tadid succeeded him as caliph.