hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
North Scottish Royal Garrison Artillery
The North Scottish Royal Garrison Artillery and its successors were Scottish part-time coast defence units of the British Army from 1908 to 1961. Although the unit saw no active service, it supplied trained gunners to siege batteries engaged on the Western Front during World War I.

1st Aberdeenshire Artillery Volunteers
The 1st Aberdeenshire Artillery Volunteers was a part-time unit of the British Army raised in Aberdeenshire and neighbouring counties in Scotland in 1860. Its successor units served with 51st (Highland) Division through many of the major battles on the Western Front during the First World War. In the Second World War, one of its regiments escaped the surrender of the 51st (Highland) Division in 1940 and went on to serve as heavy artillery in the Italian Campaign. The other regiment served with the reconstituted division at Alamein, in Sicily, Normandy and through North West Europe to the Rhine Crossing and beyond. It served on in the Territorial Army until 1967.
Caulolatilus hubbsi
Caulolatilus hubbsi, the Hubbs's tilefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a tilefish belonging to the family Malacanthidae. It occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Its specific name honours the American ichthyologist Carl Leavitt Hubbs (1894-1979). Studies have shown that this taxon is not readily distinguishable from Caulolatilus princeps and should be treated as a junior synonym of C. princeps.

Ocean whitefish
The ocean whitefish (Caulolatilus princeps), also known as the ocean tilefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, belonging to the family Malacanthidae, the tilefishes. It is native to the Eastern Pacific Ocean. It may also be known as the blanquillo or whities.
Kart racing
Kart racing or karting is a motorsport discipline using open-wheel, four-wheeled vehicles known as go-karts or shifter karts. They are usually raced on scaled-down circuits, although some professional kart races are also held on full-size motorsport circuits. Karting is commonly perceived as the stepping stone to the higher ranks of motorsports. Most modern Formula One drivers, including Ayrton Senna, Michael Schumacher, Fernando Alonso, Kimi Räikkönen, Lewis Hamilton, Sebastian Vettel, Nico Rosberg, and Max Verstappen, have begun their racing careers in karting. NASCAR Cup driver Connor Zilisch also got his start in karting.

Karts vary widely in speed, and some (known as superkarts) can reach speeds exceeding 160 kilometres per hour (100 mph), while recreational go-karts intended for the general public may be limited to lower speeds.

Commission Internationale de Karting
The Commission Internationale de Karting (CIK; lit. 'International Karting Commission'), also known as FIA Karting and the CIK-FIA, is the primary governing body for international kart racing. Founded in 1962, it is one of six World Championship commissions of the FIA.

Based in Geneva, the CIK-FIA holds responsibility for international kart racing rules and safety, as well as organising the Karting World Championship, amongst other competitions.
Polyphosphazene
Polyphosphazenes include a wide range of hybrid inorganic-organic polymers with a number of different skeletal architectures with the backbone P-N-P-N-P-N-. In nearly all of these materials two organic side groups are attached to each phosphorus center. Linear polymers have the formula (N=PR1R2)n, where R1 and R2 are organic (see graphic). Other architectures are cyclolinear and cyclomatrix polymers in which small phosphazene rings are connected together by organic chain units. Other architectures are available, such as block copolymer, star, dendritic, or comb-type structures. More than 700 different polyphosphazenes are known, with different side groups (R) and different molecular architectures. Many of these polymers were first synthesized and studied in the research group of Harry R. Allcock.

Phosphazene
Phosphazenes refer to various classes of organophosphorus compounds featuring phosphorus(V) with a double bond between P and N. One class of phosphazenes have the formula R−N=P(−NR2)3. These phosphazenes are also known as iminophosphoranes and phosphine imides. They are superbases.
Goondiwindi War Memorial
Goondiwindi War Memorial is a heritage-listed war memorial at Marshall Street, Goondiwindi, Goondiwindi Region, Queensland, Australia. The memorial includes a life-sized statue of a Digger (WWI, built in 1922) and memorial gates (WWII, built in 1949).
It is also known as Memorial Gates and The Soldiers' Memorial (Digger Statue). It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Goondiwindi
Goondiwindi (/ɡʊndəˈwɪndi/) is a rural town and locality in the Goondiwindi Region, Queensland, Australia. It is on the border of Queensland and New South Wales. In the 2021 census, the locality of Goondiwindi had a population of 6,230.
Cadet rifle
A cadet rifle is a rifle used by military cadets and others for basic firearms and marksmanship training. Generally .22 caliber and bolt-action, they also come in semi-automatic versions. They are often miniature .22 caliber versions of standard issue service rifles.

Older 19th century cadet rifles were simply smaller and lighter versions of standard issue service rifles designed to fire reduced power cartridges.

.22 long rifle
The .22 Long Rifle, also known as the .22 LR or 5.7×15mmR, is a long-established variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition originating from the United States. It is used in a wide range of firearms including rifles, pistols, revolvers and submachine guns.  It is a well-established small game round, but is not typically used for hunting larger game as it lacks the necessary stopping power.

In terms of quantities sold, the .22 Long Rifle is by far the most common ammunition that is currently manufactured and sold in the world. Common uses include hunting and shooting sports. Ammunition produced in .22 Long Rifle is effective at short ranges, has little recoil, and is inexpensive to purchase, making it ideal for plinking and marksmanship training.
Noel Godfrey Chavasse
Captain Noel Godfrey Chavasse, VC & Bar, MC (9 November 1884 – 4 August 1917) was an English medical doctor, Olympic athlete, and British Army officer from the Chavasse family. He is one of three people to be awarded a Victoria Cross twice, the others being Arthur Martin-Leake and Charles Upham.

The Battle of Guillemont saw acts of heroism by Chavasse, the only man to be awarded the Victoria Cross twice during the First World War. In 1916, he was hit by shell splinters while rescuing men in no-man's land. It is said he got as close as 25 yards to the German line, where he found three men and continued throughout the night under a constant rain of sniper bullets and bombing. He performed similar heroics in the early stages of the offensive at Passchendaele in August 1917 to gain a second VC and become the most highly decorated British officer of the First World War. He died of wounds suffered at Passchendaele in 1917.

St Peter's College, Oxford
St Peter's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Located on New Inn Hall Street, Oxford, United Kingdom, it occupies the site of two of the university's medieval halls dating back to at least the 14th century. The modern college was founded by Francis James Chavasse, former Bishop of Liverpool, opened as St Peter's Hall in 1929, and achieved full collegiate status as St Peter's College in 1961. Founded as a men's college, it has been coeducational since 1979.

As of 2023, the college had an estimated financial endowment of £52.8 million.
W52 (nuclear warhead)
The W52 was a thermonuclear warhead developed for the MGM-29 Sergeant short-range ballistic missile used by the United States Army from 1962 to 1977. The W52 was 24 inches (61 cm) in diameter and 57 inches (140 cm) long, and weighed 950 pounds (430 kg).  It had a yield of 200 kilotons. A total of 300 W52 warheads were produced.

Researcher Chuck Hansen claims based on his research into the US nuclear program that the thermonuclear W52 and (fission-only) W30 warheads both use a common primary or fission first stage, and that this design was nicknamed the Boa primary.

MGM-29 Sergeant
The MGM-29 Sergeant was an American short-range, solid fuel, surface-to-surface missile developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The missiles were built by Sperry Utah Company. The Sergeant was the third and last in a series of JPL rockets for the US Army whose names correspond to the progression in Army enlisted ranks, starting with Private and Corporal.

The Sergeant missile was first fired by an operational field artillery unit at White Sands New Mexico by the 3rd Battalion 38th Artillery station at Fort Sill Oklahoma in the summer of 1962. President John F. Kennedy attended the fire power demonstration at White Sands New Mexico.
Port of Sines
The Port of Sines is the largest artificial port in Portugal, and a deep water port, natural backgrounds to -28 m ZH with specialized terminals that allow the movement of different types of goods. Besides being the main port on the Atlantic seaboard of Portugal due to its geophysical characteristics, is the main gateway to the energy supply of Portugal: container, natural gas, coal, oil and its derivatives. Construction started in 1973 and it came into operation in 1978. The Port of Sines Administration (Administração do Porto de Sines, APS) was created on 14 December 1977. The port operates 365 days a year, 24 hours a day, providing services such as: control of maritime traffic; pilotage, towage and mooring; access control and surveillance; drinking water and bunkers; prevent accidents/pollution; repairs on board or ashore.

Sines
Sines (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsinɨʃ] ⓘ) is a town  and a municipality in Portugal. The municipality, divided into two parishes, has around 14,214 inhabitants (2021) in an area of 203.30 km2 (78.49 sq mi). Sines holds an important oil refinery and several petrochemical industries. It is also a popular beach spot and the main fishing harbour of Alentejo region.

The municipality is bordered to the north and east by the municipality of Santiago do Cacém, south by Odemira and west by the Atlantic Ocean. The coastline of the city, south of São Torpes, is part of the Southwest Alentejo and Vicentine Coast Natural Park.
Distemper (paint)
Distemper is a decorative paint and a historical medium for painting pictures, and contrasted with tempera. The binder may be glues of vegetable or animal origin (excluding egg). Soft distemper is not abrasion resistant and may include binders such as chalk, ground pigments, and animal glue. Hard distemper is stronger and wear-resistant and can include casein or linseed oil as binders.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
Siege of Megalopolis
The siege of Megalopolis was a siege battle during the Second War of the Diadochi between Polyperchon, the Regent of the Macedonian Empire, and the people of Megalopolis who supported Polyperchon's rival Cassander. The siege failed and Polyperchon lost a lot of prestige, which was capitalized on by Cassander and his ally Antigonus.

Wars of the Diadochi
The Wars of the Diadochi (Ancient Greek: Πόλεμοι τῶν Διαδόχων, romanized: Pólemoi tōn Diadóchōn, lit. 'War of the Crown Princes') or Wars of Alexander's Successors were a series of conflicts fought between the generals of Alexander the Great, known as the Diadochi, over who would rule his empire following his death. The fighting started in 322 BC, the crucial battle of Ipsus was fought in 301 BC, the battle of Corupedium in 281 BC, and the struggle over Macedon was concluded in 272 BC.
Plaza del Vapor, Havana
The Plaza del Vapor was a covered market in Havana, it was completed in 1835. Its name derives from its builder Francisco Martí who became later the impresario of the Tacón Theatre and who had a monopoly of fish trade in the city. Martí had a painting placed against a wall from a bar of the ship El Neptuno, the first vapor (steam ship) that made regular round trips between Havana and Matanzas. "It was the image of that ship that ended up naming the building." From the Plaza del Vapor, Martí sold 50% of all the lottery tickets. in Cuba.

Tacón Theatre
The Teatro Tacón (Tacón Theatre)  opened in 1838 in Havana, Cuba. Its auditorium contained 2,750 seats. It was built by Pancho Martí, a businessman from Barcelona who moved to Havana, and named after Miguel Tacón y Rosique,  Governor of Cuba from 1834 to 1838. In 1847 Bottesini's opera Cristoforo Colombo premiered there. By 1855, so many people attended events that the city issued parking regulations for carriages on performance nights.
Dave Patton House
The Dave Patton House is a historic house in Mobile, Alabama, United States.  The two-story structure was built for Dave Patton, a local African American entrepreneur. He purchased this property in 1900 and completed the Mediterranean Revival style house, designed by local architect George Bigelow Rogers, in 1915.

Dave Patton was born in 1879 and began his career using two mules to haul merchandise for local merchants.  He gradually built up his own business, becoming a prominent real estate entrepreneur and contractor.  He is known to have built many of the area's roads and schools.  Patton died in 1927.  The property eventually passed into  the ownership of the Stewart Memorial C.M.E. Church and today serves as the parsonage for that church.  The house is included on the African American Heritage Trail of Mobile and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 12, 1987.

George Bigelow Rogers
George Bigelow Rogers (1870–1945) was an American architect, best known for the wide variety of buildings that he designed in Mobile, Alabama, including mansions in historic European styles and other private residences, churches and public buildings, and the first 11-story skyscraper in Mobile and the Southeast United States. Many of his structures have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Service medal
A service medal is an award to individuals who participated in designated wars, campaigns, or expeditions, or who have fulfilled specific service requirements in a creditable manner. Service medals are sometimes also campaign medals.

Campaign medal
A campaign medal is a military decoration which is awarded to a member of an armed force who serves in a designated military operation or performs duty in a geographical theater. Campaign medals are very similar to service medals but carry a higher status as the award usually involves deployment to a foreign region or service in a combat zone.
Horndean F.C.
Horndean F.C. is an English football club based in Horndean, near Portsmouth in Hampshire. The club are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division and play at the Stanley Chase Stadium on Five Heads Road, Horndean.

Horndean
Horndean is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district, in Hampshire, England, 8 miles (13 km) north of Portsmouth.

The nearest railway station is 2.2 miles (3.5 km) southeast of the village at Rowlands Castle.

The village had a population of 12,942 at the 2011 Census, and shares the semi-rural character of others in the district.

The village was the home of Gales Brewery from 1850. In 2005, it was bought by Fuller, Smith and Turner, who closed it in 2006, when it was converted to shops and flats.
Kasturiswami Sreenivasan
Kasthuri Sreenivasan or Kasturiswami Sreenivasan (12 May 1917 – 5 July 1991) was an Indian textile technologist, industrial sociologist and prolific author.

He was born in Karadivavi, a small village near Coimbatore. He did his undergraduate in Physics from Presidency College, Chennai, and then a Masters in Textile Technology at the College of Technology, Manchester, England.

He was the founding director of The South India Textile Research Association. For his contributions to building that institution, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Govt. of India in 1969.

He founded the Kasthuri Sreenivasan Art Gallery And Textile Museum in Coimbatore in 1983.
as well as the Coimbatore Cancer Foundation in 1991, following his battle with cancer.

South India Textile Research Association
The South India Textile Research Association, often known by acronym SITRA, is a textile research association established in 1956 at Coimbatore, India. SITRA is an Industry sponsored research institute supported by the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. It is considered to be one of the best equipped textile research organisations in the world and its members apart from India include Indonesia, Iran, Nigeria, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladesh.
Gondola Group
Gondola Group was a chain restaurant operator in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It operated several casual dining brands:

Byron Hamburgers, sold to Hutton Collins for £100 million in October 2013.

Kettners, champagne bar and restaurant (one site in London), sold in 2013/2014.

PizzaExpress, sold to the China based private equity firm Hony Capital in July 2014 for £900 million ($1.54 billion).

ASK Italian and Zizzi, Italian food. Sold to Bridgepoint Capital in February 2015 for £250 million.

Byron Hamburgers
Byron (legally incorporated as Famously Proper Limited) is a British restaurant chain offering a casual dining service with a focus on hamburgers.  The chain was founded in 2007 by Tom Byng. In July 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, the chain closed outlets as part of a deal transferring 21 remaining sites and 551 staff to a new owner, Calveton UK.
Estádio Décio Vitta
Estádio Décio Vitta, nicknamed Riobrancão, is a multi-use stadium located in Americana, São Paulo, Brazil. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of Rio Branco Esporte Clube and Americana Futebol. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 16,000 people and was built in 1977. It is owned by Rio Branco Esporte Clube, and is named after Décio Vitta, who was a Rio Branco counselor and director, and co-ordinated the stadium construction.

Guaratinguetá Futebol
Guaratinguetá Futebol Ltda., commonly referred to as simply Guaratinguetá, was a  Brazilian professional football club based in Guaratinguetá, São Paulo. Due to financial challenges, the activities of the club are terminated and the last time they participated in a professional match was in September 2016.
Almost commutative ring
In algebra, a filtered ring A is said to be almost commutative if the associated graded ring  is commutative.

Basic examples of almost commutative rings involve differential operators. For example, the enveloping algebra of a complex Lie algebra is almost commutative by the PBW theorem. Similarly, a Weyl algebra is almost commutative.

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International School of Textiles & Management
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International School of Textiles and Management (SVPITM) is an autonomous institution under the Indian Ministry of Textiles. It was established on 24 December 2002, in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu and is approved by AICTE. Its courses focus on textiles and textile management education.

Ministry of Textiles
The Ministry of Textiles is an Indian government national agency responsible for the formulation of policy, planning, development, export promotion and regulation of the textile industry in India. This includes all natural, artificial, and cellulosic fibers that go into the making of textiles, clothing and Handicrafts.
Coccomyxaceae
Coccomyxaceae is a family of algae, in the class Trebouxiophyceae.

Members of the family Coccomyxaceae are microscopic algae found often in colonies surrounded by mucilage. Sexual reproduction has not been observed in this family. Cells multiply by simple vegetative division, sometimes by forming autospores, but not zoospores. The genus Paradoxia produces zoospores; its placement in Coccomyxaceae is apparently due to a strain labeled as Paradoxia multiseta in the UTEX-Austin culture collection which was found to have a close phylogenetic relationship to Coccomyxa. However, the morphology of the strain (having spherical cells) does not appear to match that of Paradoxia, making the identity suspect.

Coccomyxa
Coccomyxa is a genus of green algae in the family Coccomyxaceae. This genus is defined by their small, elliptical to spherical shape, and the presence of a simple parietal chloroplast. These features, along with their occurrence in various lifestyles such as free-living, parasitic, or as photobionts, have been used to identify more than 40 species. Using additional morphological features, such as brown akinetes formation, allows for the differentiation between Coccomyxa and the genus Pseudococcomyxa, as they tend to share some morphological characteristics like the general cell shape and one-sided mucilage cap. Recent molecular analysis, however, indicates that the genus Pseudococcomyxa is contained within different Coccomyxa clades, signaling the fact that the two genera are the same. Coccomyxa has often been used as a model organism, and its genome is being completely sequenced. The genus is also an attractive candidate for biofuels.
Ryo Saito
Ryo Saito (斎藤 了, Saitō Ryō) (born August 15, 1979) is a Japanese professional wrestling personality and semi-retired professional wrestler primarily working in Dragongate, where he is their general manager. He is a former member of numerous stables within Dragongate as both a heel and a face, including Jimmyz (where he adopted "Jimmy" as a nickname), Real Hazard and Blood WARRIORS; he served as the second leader of Do FIXER (replacing Magnum TOKYO) from 2004 until its dissolution in February 2007. His name is sometimes abbreviated as SaiRyo, so as not to confuse him with Yoshiyuki Saito, who primarily wrestles as Super Shisa.

King of Gate
King of Gate is an annual single-elimination professional wrestling singles tournament held in the Japanese promotion Dragon Gate. It is the successor to El Numero Uno, previously held in Dragon Gate and Toryumon, although Uno was a round-robin tournament, as opposed to the single-elimination format used by King of Gate. In 2016, King of Gate adopted a round robin format with four separate blocks.
Crescent Valley, Nevada
Crescent Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Eureka County, Nevada, United States, directly off Nevada State Route 306. It is the site of Crescent Valley Elementary School, Crescent Valley Fair Grounds, and Crescent Valley Community Park. The census-designated place (CDP) of Crescent Valley had a population of 483 as of the 2020 census.

Crescent Valley is part of the Elko Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Eureka County, Nevada
Eureka County is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,855, making it the second-least populous county in Nevada. Its county seat is Eureka.

Eureka County is part of the Elko Micropolitan Statistical Area.