hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nazi plunder
Nazi authorities systematically plundered art and valuables from occupied European countries. Jewish property was looted beginning in 1933 in Germany and was a key part of the Holocaust. Nazis also plundered occupied countries, sometimes with direct seizures, and sometimes under the guise of protecting art through Kunstschutz units. In addition to gold, silver, and currency, cultural items of great significance were stolen, including paintings, ceramics, books, and religious treasures.

Many of the artworks looted by the Nazis were recovered by the Allies' Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program (MFAA, also known as the Monuments Men and Women), following the war; however many of them are still missing or were returned to countries but not to their original owners. An international effort to identify Nazi plunder which still remains unaccounted for is underway, with the ultimate aim of returning the items to their rightful owners, their families, or their respective countries.

Jeu de Paume (museum)
Jeu de Paume (French pronunciation: [ʒø də pom], Real Tennis Court) is an arts centre for modern and postmodern photography and media. It is located in the north corner (west side) of the Tuileries Gardens next to the Place de la Concorde in Paris. In 2004, Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume, Centre national de la photographie and Patrimoine Photographique merged to form the Association Jeu de Paume.
Ibrahim George Kheiralla
Ibrahim George Kheiralla (11 November 1849 - 6 March 1929; Arabic: إبراهيم جورج خير الله), born in the Sidon Eyalet of Beirut of the Ottoman Empire, was a co-founder of the first American Baháʼí community, along with Anton Haddad. He was born to a Christian family in a village on Mount Lebanon in 1849 and later studied at the Syrian Protestant College in Beirut.

Baháʼu'lláh's family
Baháʼu'lláh was the founder of the Baháʼí Faith. He was born in 1817 to Khadíjih Khánum and Mírzá Buzurg of Nur (in the province of Mazandaran), a Persian nobleman, and went on to be a leader in the Bábí movement, and then established the Baháʼí Faith in 1863. Baháʼu'lláh's family consists of his three wives and the children of those wives.
In the Belly of the Bloodhound
Children and Young Adult Literature portal

In the Belly of the Bloodhound: Being an Accountant of a Particularly Peculiar Adventure in the Life of Jacky Faber is a historical novel written by L.A. Meyer. It is the fourth book in the Bloody Jack Adventure series about a teenage girl named Jacky Faber, alias Bloody Jack, set in the early 19th century. This installment follows the heroine as she returns on land from her adventures on the seas in the previous novel.

In the Belly of the Bloodhound is preceded by Bloody Jack (2002), Curse of the Blue Tattoo (2004), and Under the Jolly Roger (2005). It is followed by Mississippi Jack (2007), My Bonny Light Horseman (2008), Rapture of the Deep (2009), The Wake of the Lorelei Lee (2010), The Mark of the Golden Dragon (2011), Viva Jacquelina! (2012), Boston Jacky (2013), and Wild Rover No More (2016).

My Bonny Light Horseman
My Bonny Light Horseman: Being an Account of the Further Adventures of Jacky Faber, in Love and War is a historical novel written by L.A. Meyer, published in 2008. It is the sixth book in the Bloody Jack Adventure series about a teenage girl named Jacky Faber, alias Bloody Jack, set in the early 19th century.

My Bonny Light Horseman is preceded by Bloody Jack (2002), Curse of the Blue Tattoo (2004), Under the Jolly Roger (2005), In the Belly of the Bloodhound (2006), and Mississippi Jack (2007). It is followed by Rapture of the Deep (2009), The Wake of the Lorelei Lee (2010), The Mark of the Golden Dragon (2011), Viva Jacquelina! (2012), Boston Jacky (2013), and Wild Rover No More (2016).
French Colonial Historic District
The French Colonial Historic District is a historic district that encompasses a major region of 18th-century French colonization in southwestern Illinois. The district is anchored by Fort de Chartres and Fort Kaskaskia, two important French settlements and military posts in what was then the Illinois Country. The Kaskaskia village site is also included within the district; it includes the Pierre Menard House, the only surviving building from Illinois' first state capital. Over a dozen French houses in Prairie du Rocher are also part of the district, including the poteaux-sur-sol Creole House and the 1735 Meilliere House. In addition to the French sites, the district also includes several Native American archaeological sites, such as the Modoc Rock Shelter, the Kolmer Site, the Waterman Site, and the Henke Site.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 3, 1974.

Fort Kaskaskia State Historic Site
Fort Kaskaskia State Historic Site is a 200-acre (0.8 km2) park near Chester, Illinois, on a blufftop overlooking the Mississippi River.  It commemorates the vanished frontier town of Old Kaskaskia and the support it gave to George Rogers Clark in the American Revolution.
Distributed Data Management Architecture
Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM) is IBM's open, published software architecture for creating, managing and accessing data on a remote computer. DDM was initially designed to support record-oriented files; it was extended to support hierarchical directories, stream-oriented files, queues, and system command processing; it was further extended to be the base of IBM's Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA); and finally, it was extended to support data description and conversion.  Defined in the period from 1980 to 1993, DDM specifies necessary components, messages, and protocols, all based on the principles of object-orientation. DDM is not, in itself, a piece of software; the implementation of DDM takes the form of client and server products. As an open architecture, products can implement subsets of DDM architecture and products can extend DDM to meet additional requirements.  Taken together, DDM products implement a distributed file system.

Virtual Storage Access Method
Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) is an IBM direct-access storage device (DASD) file storage access method, first used in the OS/VS1, OS/VS2 Release 1 (SVS) and Release 2 (MVS) operating systems, later used throughout the Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS) architecture and now in z/OS. Originally a record-oriented filesystem, VSAM comprises four data set organizations: key-sequenced (KSDS), relative record (RRDS), entry-sequenced (ESDS) and linear (LDS). The KSDS, RRDS and ESDS organizations contain records, while the LDS organization (added later to VSAM) contains a sequence of pages with no intrinsic record structure, for use as a memory-mapped file.
Ada'a
Ada'a is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is part of the former Ada'a Chukala woreda what was divided between Ada'a and Liben woredas. Part of the East Shewa Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Ada'a is bordered on the south by Dugda Bora, on the west by the West Shewa Zone, on the northwest by Akaki, on the northeast by Gimbichu, and on the east by Lome.

Dugda (Aanaa)
Dugda is a district in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of the former district of Dugda Bora before being divided into Bora and Dugda. Part of the East Shewa Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Dugda is bordered on the southeast by Hora-Dambal, on the south by Adami Tullu and Jido Kombolcha, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on the northwest by the Southwest Shewa Zone, on the north by the Awash River which separates it from Ada'a Chukala, on the northeast by Koka Reservoir which separates it from Adama, and on the east by the Arsi Zone. The administrative center of Dugda is Meki.
Private (rank)
A private is a soldier, usually with the lowest rank in many armies. Soldiers with the rank of private may be conscripts or they may be professional (career) soldiers.

The term derives from the term "private soldier". "Private" comes from the Latin word privus or perhaps privo that meant an individual person and later an individual without an office.

Rifleman
A rifleman is an infantry soldier armed with a rifled long gun.  Although the rifleman role had its origin with 16th century hand cannoneers and 17th century musketeers, the term  originated in the 18th century with the introduction of the rifled musket.  By the mid-19th century, entire regiments of riflemen were formed and became the mainstay of all standard infantry, and rifleman became a generic term for any common infantryman.
Rat Defense, English Rat
The Rat Defense, English Rat is an irregular Queen's Pawn Game chess opening characterized by the initial moves:

1. d4 d6

2. c4 e5

The position can also arise from an English Opening move order 1.c4 d6 2.d4 e5. Another possible move order can be reached via the Englund Gambit: 1.d4 e5 2.c4 d6.

The English Rat has been played by top players such as Levon Aronian, Viswanathan Anand, Peter Svidler, Richárd Rapport, and Ilia Smirin.

Queen's Pawn Game
The Queen's Pawn Game is any chess opening starting with the move:

1. d4

It is the second most popular opening move after 1.e4 (the King's Pawn Game). Black's most common replies are 1...d5 and 1...Nf6.
Shire of Corangamite
The Shire of Corangamite is a local government area in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, located in the south-western part of the state. It covers an area of 4,408 square kilometres (1,702 sq mi) and in 2021 had a population of 16,115. It includes the towns of Camperdown, Terang, Cobden, Timboon, Port Campbell and Skipton.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Corangamite Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Camperdown. The Shire is named after the major geographical feature in the region, Lake Corangamite, which is located on the eastern boundary of the LGA.

Camperdown, Victoria
Camperdown (/ˈkæmpərdaʊn/) is a town in the southwestern part of the Australian state of Victoria, 190 km (120 mi) west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2021 census, Camperdown had a population of 3,354.
SQUOZE
SQUOZE (abbreviated as SQZ) is a memory-efficient representation of a combined source and relocatable object program file with a symbol table on punched cards which was introduced in 1958 with the SCAT assembler on the SHARE Operating System (SOS) for the IBM 709. A program in this format was called a SQUOZE deck. It was also used on later machines including the IBM 7090 and 7094.

Chen–Ho encoding
Chen–Ho encoding is a memory-efficient alternate system of binary encoding for decimal digits.

The traditional system of binary encoding for decimal digits, known as binary-coded decimal (BCD), uses four bits to encode each digit, resulting in significant wastage of binary data bandwidth (since four bits can store 16 states and are being used to store only 10), even when using packed BCD.

The encoding reduces the storage requirements of two decimal digits (100 states) from 8 to 7 bits, and those of three decimal digits (1000 states) from 12 to 10 bits using only simple Boolean transformations avoiding any complex arithmetic operations like a base conversion.
Saint Ignatius School, Wentworth
Saint Ignatius School (abbreviated as St Ignatius School) is a heritage-listed former kindergarten and Roman Catholic school and now museum and National Trust branch office, located at 30 Caddell Street, Wentworth, in the Wentworth Shire, New South Wales, Australia. The school was built between 1911 and 1912 by Ducan McLean. The building was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 1 March 2002.

Wentworth, New South Wales
Wentworth is a small border town in the far southwest of the state of New South Wales, Australia. It lies at the confluence of Australia's two most important rivers, the Darling and the Murray, the latter forming the border with the state of Victoria to the south. The border with the state of South Australia lies approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the west. The town of Wentworth is in the local government area of the same name.
William Crane (musician)
William Crane (died 1545) was Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal from 1523 to 1545, under Henry VIII.

The King bestowed several favourable appointments on Crane throughout his life by which he became a wealthy man, apparently through involvement in maritime trade. In 1509, already having been a Gentleman of the Chapel since about 1506, he was appointed Water-Bailiff of Dartmouth. In 1514 he was appointed Comptroller of the Petty Customs in the Port of London. In 1535 he was made Water-Bailiff of Lynn.

Crane married a woman named Margaret and they are known to have had a daughter. He fell ill in June 1545 and died shortly afterwards. He was buried in St Helen's Church, Bishopsgate.

Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal
The Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal was the choirmaster of the Chapel Royal of England. They were responsible for the musical direction of the choir, which consisted of the Gentlemen of the Chapel and Children of the Chapel. In some periods regarded as the most prestigious choral directorship in the country, the holder was given power to take boys into service from the leading cathedral choirs.
Robertsganj
Sonbhadra (Hindi: sōnbhadra), formerly known as Robertsganj (Hindi: rŏbartsganj), is a city and a municipal board in Sonbhadra district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Robertsganj is located in the south-eastern corner of the state. Robertsganj is the administrative headquarter of Sonbhadra District. The district Sonbhadra and Robertsganj as its district headquarter were created by carving off the southern part of the Mirzapur district on 4 March 1989. Son, Karmnasa, Chandra Prabha, Rihand, Kanhar, Renu, Ghagar and Belan Rivers drain this area. The city is named after Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts.

Located between Vindhyan Range and Kaimur Range, this area had been the centre of activities of pre-historic man which is evident from the rock paintings (pre-historic cave art) found in abundance in this region.

Vijaygarh Fort
Vijaygarh Fort is a ruined fort located 30 km from Robertsganj in southeast direction in Mau Kalan village in Chatra block near Dhandhraul Dam on Chatra-Siltham road, in Robertsganj in the Sonbhadra district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The Vijaygarh Fort was ruled by chandel dynasty, the chandels of Vijaygarh were the younger branch of chandels of agori barhar Raj.The Vijaygarh raj became a zamindari under the British era and had around 350 villages.
65th Military Airlift Support Group
The 65th Military Airlift Support Group is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force.  It was last active as part of Military Airlift Command at Yokota Air Base, Japan, where it was inactivated on 1 June 1972.

105th Attack Squadron
The 105th Attack Squadron (105 ATKS) is a unit of the Tennessee Air National Guard 118th Wing (118 WG).  It is assigned to Berry Field Air National Guard Base in Nashville, Tennessee, and was previously equipped with the C-130H Hercules aircraft.  It has since transitioned to the MQ-9 Reaper, with its parent organization, the former 118th Airlift Wing (118 AW), having recently been redesignated as the 118th Wing.  The 105th has been redesignated as the 105th Attack Squadron (105 ATKS).

The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I 105th Aero Squadron, established on 27 August 1917. It was reformed on 4 December 1921, as the 105th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.
City Church of Bremgarten
The City Church of Bremgarten (German: Stadtkirche Bremgarten) is a listed heritage building in the city of Bremgarten, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland. It is an important landmark of Bremgarten. It is protected at the level of national importance (A-building), together with three chapels (St. Anna, St. Clara, and the Mother of God).

Bremgarten, Aargau
Bremgarten is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It serves as seat of the district of Bremgarten.  The medieval old town is listed as a heritage site of national significance.  In 2013, Bremgarten was the first municipality in Europe to introduce laws forbidding asylum seekers from visiting certain public places such as libraries, swimming pools, schools and churches.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Hermetschwil-Staffeln merged into the municipality of Bremgarten.
Negative space
In art and design, negative space or negative volume is the empty space around and between the subject(s) of an image. In graphic design this is known as white space. Negative space may be most evident when the space around a subject, not the subject itself, forms an interesting or artistically relevant shape, and such space occasionally is used to artistic effect as the "real" subject of an image.

Figure–ground (perception)
Figure–ground organization is a type of perceptual grouping that is a vital necessity for recognizing objects through vision. In Gestalt psychology it is known as identifying a figure from the background. For example, black words on a printed paper are seen as the "figure", and the white sheet as the "background".
Your turn has come, O Doctor
Your turn has come, O Doctor (Arabic: أجاك الدور يا دكتور, romanized: Ajāk al-Dawr yā Duktūr), also translated to as Your turn next, Doctor or simply Your turn, Doctor, is an Arabic slogan that was graffitied by Mouawiya Syasneh in February 2011 in response to the Arab Spring and the Assad regime's rule.

Mouawiya Syasneh
Mouawiya Syasneh (Arabic: معاوية الصياصنة; born 1996 or 1997) is a Syrian protester and soldier. In March 2011, then 14 or 15-year-old Syasneh and his friends spray-painted anti-government graffiti on the walls of their school in Daraa, leading to their arrest and torture. Many credited the graffiti incident as a trigger for the onset of widespread protests against the regime of President Bashar al-Assad, which ultimately escalated into the Syrian civil war.
2000 New South Wales local elections
The 2000 New South Wales local elections were held from May to December 2000 elect the councils of local government areas (LGAs) of New South Wales, Australia. The elections were all scheduled to be held on 11 September 1999, but were deferred while possible amalgamations were considered.

City of South Sydney
The South Sydney City Council was a local government area covering the inner-eastern and inner-Southern Sydney suburbs of Sydney. It was forcibly merged with the Sydney City Council by the Government of New South Wales in 2004. The council chambers were located in the Erskineville Town Hall, with the administrative offices at Joynton Avenue in Zetland. The administrative offices were relocated to the TNT Towers in Redfern in 2001.
James J. Gibson
James Jerome Gibson (/ˈɡɪbsən/; January 27, 1904 – December 11, 1979) was an American psychologist and is considered to be one of the most important contributors to the field of visual perception. Gibson challenged the idea that the nervous system actively constructs conscious visual perception, and instead promoted ecological psychology, in which the mind directly perceives environmental stimuli without additional cognitive construction or processing. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked him as the 88th most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with John Garcia, David Rumelhart, Louis Leon Thurstone, Margaret Floy Washburn, and Robert S. Woodworth.

David Rumelhart
David Everett Rumelhart (June 12, 1942 – March 13, 2011) was an American psychologist who made many contributions to the formal analysis of human cognition, working primarily within the frameworks of mathematical psychology, symbolic artificial intelligence, and parallel distributed processing. He also admired formal linguistic approaches to cognition, and explored the possibility of formulating a formal grammar to capture the structure of stories.
Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.III
The Zeppelin-Staaken VGO.III was a heavy bomber built in Germany in 1916 and which saw limited service during World War I. Although only one example was built, it served as a prototype for further Riesenflugzeuge ("giant aircraft") by Zeppelin-Staaken. Its "VGO" designation was assigned because the aircraft was constructed by Versuchsbau Gotha-Ost, a division of Gothaer Waggonfabrik. It was developed from the VGO.I that had been purchased by the Imperial German Navy, but the VGO.III was purchased by the Army instead. It was the first six-engined aircraft in the world.

Zeppelin-Staaken
Zeppelin-Staaken (sometimes Zeppelin Werke Staaken), was a German aircraft manufacturer originally named Versuchsbau G.m.b.H. Gotha-Ost (Experimental Works Gotha-East (V.G.O.)) when it was formed in mid-1914 by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin and Robert Bosch. The company rented facilities in Gotha with the objective to build large, long-range bomber aircraft. Alexander Baumann was hired by Zeppelin as the head designer. The company moved to the village of Staaken, near Berlin, in mid-1916 and was renamed Flugzeugwerft G.m.b.H., although it was commonly known as Zeppelin-Staaken.
Weather Is Good on Deribasovskaya, It Rains Again on Brighton Beach
Weather Is Good on Deribasovskaya, or It Rains Again on Brighton Beach (Russian: На Дерибасовской хорошая погода, или На Брайтон-Бич опять идут дожди, romanized: Na Deribasovskoy khoroshaya pogoda, ili Na Brayton-Bich opyat idut dozhdi) is a 1992 joint Russian–American production comedy film directed by Leonid Gaidai as his last film. Its title used in the plot as a password for secret agents and refers to Derybasivska Street and Brighton Beach.

Brighton Beach
Brighton Beach is a neighborhood in the southern portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, within the greater Coney Island area along the Atlantic Ocean coastline. Brighton Beach is bounded by Coney Island proper at Ocean Parkway to the west, Manhattan Beach at Corbin Place to the east, Sheepshead Bay at the Belt Parkway to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south along the beach and boardwalk.

It is known for its high population of Russian-speaking immigrants, and as a summer destination for New York City residents due to its beaches along the Atlantic Ocean and its proximity to the amusement parks in Coney Island.

Brighton Beach is part of Brooklyn Community District 13, and its primary ZIP Code is 11235. It is patrolled by the 60th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, Brighton Beach is represented by the New York City Council's 48th District.
Adja-Ouèrè
Adja-Ouèrè  [a.dʒa.wɛ.ʁɛ] is a town, arrondissement, and commune in the Plateau Department of south-eastern Benin. The commune covers an area of 550 square kilometres and as of 2013 had a population of 115,953 people.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
South East Street Historic District
South East Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Culpeper, Culpeper County, Virginia. It encompasses 76 contributing buildings in a residential section of the town of Culpeper.  The earliest houses date to the 1830s-1840s, with most built after 1870.  Notable buildings include the late Federal-style "Episcopal Rectory" (c. 1835), Old Hill House (c. 1840), Lawrence-Payne-Chelf House (1852), Old Waite House (1870-1871), and Crimora Waite House.  Also located in the district are the separately listed Hill Mansion and Culpeper National Cemetery.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Culpeper National Cemetery
Culpeper National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the town of Culpeper, in Culpeper County, Virginia. Administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, it encompasses 29.6 acres (120,000 m2) of land, and as 2021, had over 14,000 interments.