hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Derry
Derry, officially Londonderry, is the second-largest city in Northern Ireland. Located in County Londonderry, the city now covers both banks of the River Foyle. Cityside and the old walled city being on the west bank and Waterside on the east, with two road bridges and one footbridge crossing the river in-between.

The population of the city was 85,279 in the 2021 census, while the Derry Urban Area had a population of 105,066 in 2011. The district administered by Derry City and Strabane District Council contains both Londonderry Port and City of Derry Airport. Derry is close to the border with County Donegal, with which it has had a close link for many centuries. The person traditionally seen as the founder of the original Derry is Saint Colmcille, a holy man from Tír Chonaill, the old name for almost all of modern County Donegal, of which the west bank of the Foyle was a part before 1610.

In 2013, Derry was the inaugural UK City of Culture, having been awarded the title in 2010.

Millennium Forum
The Millennium Forum is a theatre and conference centre in Newmarket Street, Derry, Northern Ireland.

54°59′49″N 7°19′12″W﻿ / ﻿54.997°N 7.320°W﻿ / 54.997; -7.320

It was the first purpose-built theatre in Derry and opened in 2001. It has a seating capacity of 1,000 and the largest theatre stage in Ireland . It hosts entertainment of all kinds and can also be used as a meeting and conference venue.
Angelica Kauffman
Maria Anna Angelika Kauffmann RA (/ˈkaʊfmən/ KOWF-mən; 30 October 1741 – 5 November 1807), usually known in English as Angelica Kauffman, was a Swiss painter who had a successful career in London and Rome. Remembered primarily as a history painter, Kauffman was a skilled portraitist, landscape and decoration painter. She was, along with Mary Moser, one of two female painters among the founding members of the Royal Academy of Art in London in 1768.

Old Master
In art history, "Old Master" (or "old master") refers to any painter of skill who worked in Europe before about 1800, or a painting by such an artist. An "old master print" is an original print (for example an engraving, woodcut, or etching) made by an artist in the same period. The term "old master drawing" is used in the same way.

In theory, "Old Master" applies only to artists who were fully trained, were Masters of their local artists' guild, and worked independently, but in practice, paintings produced by pupils or workshops are often included in the scope of the term. Therefore, beyond a certain level of competence, date rather than quality is the criterion for using the term.
Alpha Island
Alpha Island, also known as Isla Huidobro, is a small island lying between Epsilon Island and Delta Island in the Melchior Islands, Palmer Archipelago. Charted by Discovery Investigations in 1927 and named after the first letter of the Greek alphabet, in association with the names of other islands in this group. The island was surveyed by Argentine expeditions in 1942, 1943 and 1948.

Epsilon Island (Antarctica)
64°19′S 63°0′W﻿ / ﻿64.317°S 63.000°W﻿ / -64.317; -63.000

Epsilon Island in the Antarctic is a small island lying between Alpha Island and the southern extremity of Lambda Island in the Melchior Islands, Palmer Archipelago. The island was roughly surveyed by Discovery Investigations personnel in 1927. The name, derived from epsilon, the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, appears to have been first used on a 1946 Argentine government chart following surveys of the Melchior Islands by Argentine expeditions in 1942 and 1943.
Clear Lake (Palau)
Clear Lake (also Clearwater Lake) is a marine lake located on Eil Malk island in Palau. Eil Malk (also Mecherchar) is part of the Rock Islands, a group of small, rocky, mostly uninhabited islands in Palau's Southern Lagoon, between Koror and Peleliu. There are about 70 other marine lakes located throughout the Rock Islands. Clear Lake is notable for endemic subspecies of golden jellyfish and is one of five marine lakes in Palau used for several scientific researches in evolutionary biology, the other lakes being Jellyfish Lake, Goby Lake, Uet era Ngermeuangel, Uet era Ongael.

Uet era Ongael
Uet era Ongael (Ongael Lake) is a marine lake located on Ongael Island, Koror, in Palau. There are about 70 other marine lakes located throughout the Rock Islands and Koror. Uet era Ongael is notable for endemic subspecies of golden jellyfish and is one of five marine lakes in Palau used for several scientific researches in evolutionary biology, the other lakes being Jellyfish Lake, Clear Lake, Uet era Ngermeuangel and Goby Lake.
Finnish Ice Hockey Association
The Finnish Ice Hockey Association (Finnish: Suomen Jääkiekkoliitto, Swedish: Finlands Ishockeyförbund) is the governing body of ice hockey in Finland. Since the late 1980s, Finland has enjoyed a period of success on the international stage and, as of 2022, the men's national team is ranked first in the world and the women's national team is ranked third in the world by the IIHF.

The Finnish Ice Hockey Association has heavily invested in youth development to produce world class ice hockey players.

Ice hockey in Finland
Ice hockey is the most popular sport in Finland in terms of television viewership and game attendance figures. It is third most popular sport in participation amongst children. As of 2020, approximately 1.3% of the Finnish population was registered with the International Ice Hockey Federation, ranking Finland second in the world for percentage of population participating in ice hockey and the highest percentage of any country outside of North America.
Linalool
Linalool (/lɪˈnæloʊɒl, laɪ-, -loʊoʊl, -ˈluːl/) refers to two enantiomers of a naturally occurring terpene alcohol found in many flowers and spice plants. Together with geraniol, nerol, and citronellol, linalool is one of the rose alcohols. Linalool has multiple commercial applications, the majority of which are based on its pleasant scent (floral, with a touch of spiciness).

A colorless oil, linalool is classified as an acyclic monoterpenoid. In plants, it is a metabolite, a volatile oil component, an antimicrobial agent, and an aroma compound. Linalool has uses in manufacturing of soaps, fragrances, food additives as flavors, household products, and insecticides. Esters of linalool are referred to as linalyl, e.g. linalyl pyrophosphate, an isomer of geranyl pyrophosphate.

The word linalool is based on linaloe (a type of wood) and the suffix -ol. In food manufacturing, it may be called coriandrol.

Aniba rosaeodora
Aniba rosaeodora, also known as pau-rosa, is a species of Magnoliid tree in the family Lauraceae that grows in parts of the tropical rainforest of South America. It is often mistaken for rosewood, but does not belong in the proper rosewood genus, Dalbergia, or even its order. Like rosewood, it is exploited for its  essential oil, and has therefore become endangered.
Turkmenistan national football team
The Turkmenistan national football team (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň milli futbol ýygyndysy) represents Turkmenistan in men's international football. It is controlled by the Football Federation of Turkmenistan, the governing body for football in Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan's home ground is the Kopetdag Stadium and their head coach is Mergen Orazow. The team represents FIFA and Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

2010 AFC Challenge Cup
The 2010 AFC Challenge Cup was the third edition of the tournament which was held from 16–27 February 2010 in Sri Lanka.  India, the defending champions, fielded their under-23 team for this tournament in preparation for the 2010 Asian Games later that year.  The champions, North Korea, qualified for the 2011 Asian Cup.
Microscopic reversibility
The principle of microscopic reversibility in physics and chemistry is twofold:

First, it states that the microscopic detailed dynamics of particles and fields is time-reversible because the microscopic equations of motion are symmetric with respect to inversion in time (T-symmetry);

Second, it relates to the statistical description of the kinetics of macroscopic or mesoscopic systems as an ensemble of elementary processes: collisions, elementary transitions or reactions. For these processes, the consequence of the microscopic T-symmetry is: Corresponding to every individual process there is a reverse process, and in a state of equilibrium the average rate of every process is equal to the average rate of its reverse process.

T-symmetry
T-symmetry or time reversal symmetry is the theoretical symmetry of physical laws under the transformation of time reversal,

Since the second law of thermodynamics states that entropy increases as time flows toward the future, in general, the macroscopic universe does not show symmetry under time reversal. In other words, time is said to be non-symmetric, or asymmetric, except for special equilibrium states when the second law of thermodynamics predicts the time symmetry to hold. However, quantum noninvasive measurements are predicted to violate time symmetry even in equilibrium, contrary to their classical counterparts, although this has not yet been experimentally confirmed.

Time asymmetries (see Arrow of time) generally are caused by one of three categories:

intrinsic to the dynamic physical law (e.g., for the weak force)

due to the initial conditions of the universe (e.g., for the second law of thermodynamics)

due to measurements (e.g., for the noninvasive measurements)
Montuherkhopshef (son of Ramesses III)
Montuherkhopshef or Montuhirkhopshef was a Prince of the 20th Dynasty of Egypt and one of the sons of Ramesses III and Iset Ta-Hemdjert. He was thus a brother of Ramesses IV, Ramesses VI, Ramesses VIII and an uncle of Ramesses V and Ramesses VII.

He was the "First Charioteer of His Majesty", and married the queen Takhat who bears the prominent title of "King's Mother." This development supports the hypothesis that they are most probably the parents of king Ramesses IX since no other Ramesside king had a mother by this name, also, Ramesses IX had a son named Montuherkhepeshef. Montuherkhepeshef is shown in the procession of princes in the Medinet Habu temple of Ramesses III. He is likely to be identical with the Prince Montuherkhepeshef buried in the tomb KV13 in the Valley of the Kings.

He never became Pharaoh, unlike his son Ramses IX, or even crown prince because he died not only before his brother Ramses VIII but also before his nephew Ramses VII.

Takhat (20th dynasty)
Takhat was an ancient Egyptian woman, mother of pharaoh Ramesses IX of the 20th Dynasty.

It is likely that she was the wife of Montuherkhepeshef, a son of Ramesses III.

A chamber of Amenmesse's tomb KV10 was probably usurped and redecorated for her. Parts of a mummy thought to be hers were found.
Qadiri Order
The Qadiriyya (Arabic: القادرية) or the Qadiri order (Arabic: الطريقة القادرية, romanized: al-Ṭarīqa al-Qādiriyya) is a Sunni Sufi order (tariqa) founded by Abdul Qadir Gilani (1077–1166, also transliterated Jilani), who was a Hanbali scholar from Gilan, Iran.

The order, with its many sub-orders, is widespread. Its members are present in India, Bangladesh, China, Turkey, Indonesia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Balkans, Russia, Palestine, as well as East, West and North Africa.

Naqshbandi Order
Naqshbandi (Persian: نقشبندیه) is a major Sufi order within Sunni Islam, named after its 14th-century founder, Baha' al-Din Naqshband. Practitioners, known as Naqshbandis, trace their spiritual lineage (silsila) directly to the Prophet Muhammad through the first caliph, Abu Bakr, via Ja'far al-Sadiq. The Naqshbandi order is distinct for its strict adherence to Sharia (Islamic law) and silent dhikr practices adopted from earlier Central Asian masters.
Mangue bit
Mangue bit, commonly known as mangue beat or manguebeat, is a social and art movement with origins in the northeastern Brazilian city of Recife, Pernambuco, around 1991, in reaction to the economic and cultural stagnation of the capital.

Even though the movement has a strong focus on music, it also spans fashion, slang and visual art. Manguebeat compositions are known for their mix of regional rhythms, like maracatu, frevo, coco and forró, with international genres like rock, soul, raggamuffin, hip hop, funk and electronic music.

Nação Zumbi
Nação Zumbi (formerly Chico Science & Nação Zumbi) is a Brazilian band formed by Chico Science. They have been hailed as one of the most important groups to come out of the manguebeat movement in the 1990s. The musicians of the group continued as Nação Zumbi after Science died in a car accident on February 2, 1997.

In their songs they experiment with mixing of rock, punk, funk, hip hop, soul, Pernambuco's regional rhythms and Brazilian traditional music, with heavy use of percussion instruments.

They released two albums before the time of Chico's death, Da lama ao caos (From Mud to Chaos) in 1994 and Afrociberdelia in 1996. Both received critical acclaim.

In 1996, Nação Zumbi contributed Maracatu Atômico to the AIDS-Benefit Album Red Hot + Rio produced by the Red Hot Organization.
Texas Department of Criminal Justice
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) is a department of the government of the U.S. state of Texas. The TDCJ is responsible for statewide criminal justice for adult offenders, including managing offenders in state prisons, state jails, and private correctional facilities, funding and certain oversight of community supervision, and supervision of offenders released from prison on parole or mandatory supervision. The TDCJ operates the largest prison system in the United States.

The department has its headquarters in the Brad Livingston Administrative Headquarters in Huntsville and offices at the Price Daniel Sr. Building in downtown Austin.

Liberty County, Texas
Liberty County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 91,628. The county seat is Liberty. It was founded in 1831, as a municipality in Mexico as Villa de la Santísima Trinidad de la Libertad by commissioner José Francisco Madero and organized as a county of the Republic of Texas in 1836. Its name was anglicized as Liberty based on the ideal of American liberty.

Liberty County is part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area.
Israeli Juggling Convention
The Israeli Juggling Convention (IJC) takes place each year during the Passover Holiday. The IJC is the second biggest juggling convention in the world (after the EJC) with around 2000 participants each year.

Juggling convention
Many countries, cities or juggling clubs hold their own annual juggling convention or juggling festivals. These are the backbone of the juggling scene, the events that regularly bring jugglers from a wide area together to socialize. The attendance of a convention can be anything from a few dozen to a few thousand people.
Flag of Niger
The flag of Niger (Hausa: tutar Nijar) has been the national flag of the Republic of Niger since 1959, a year prior to its formal independence from French West Africa. It uses the national colors of orange, white and green, in equal horizontal bands, with an orange circle in the center. It forms one of the official national symbols of the Republic of the Niger, along with the coat of arms, the National Anthem ("The Honor of the Fatherland"), and the national motto: "Fraternité, Travail, Progrès".

Constitution of Niger
The Republic of Niger has had seven constitutions, two substantial constitutional revisions, and two periods of rule by decree since its independence from French colonial rule in 1960. The "Seventh Republic" operated under the Constitution of 2010 until its dissolution in 2023 by General Abdourahamane Tchiani in a coup d'état. The junta declared a five-year transitional charter in 2025.
Hellenic Air Force Aircraft Depot
The State Aircraft Factory of Greece, official name Hellenic Air Force Aircraft Depot, usually known through the acronym KEA (Greek: Κρατικό Εργοστάσιο Αεροπλάνων), originally founded as EAF (Εργοστάσιο Αεροπλάνων Φαλήρου, "Phaliron Aircraft Factory"), is the oldest and most historic Greek aircraft manufacturer. It is a military unit subordinate to the Hellenic Air Force Support Command (HAFSC) and since 2012 it is located at Elefsis Air Base.

HAI Pegasus
The HAI Ε1-79 Pegasus (Greek: ΕΑΒ Ε1-79 Πήγασος) is a Greek indigenous medium-altitude long-endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (MALE - UAV) produced by the Hellenic Aerospace Industry (HAI/EAB). It entered service with the Hellenic Air Force as Pegasus in 1992, and as the upgraded version Pegasus II in 2005. Its main mission is Intelligence Surveillance & Reconnaissance over-battlefield (ISR-OB).
Jefferson Literary and Debating Society
The Jefferson Literary and Debating Society (commonly known as "Jeff Society" or "Jeff Soc") is the oldest continuously existing collegiate debating society in North America. The society was founded on July 14, 1825, in Room Seven, West Lawn at the University of Virginia by 16 disgruntled members of the Patrick Henry Society.  Named for the founder of the university, Thomas Jefferson, the society regularly meets on Friday evenings at "The Hall" in the Lawn.

The society's members have included several presidents of the United States, a British prime minister as well as governors, senators and congresspeople. Its motto, Haec Olim Meminisse Iuvabit, is taken from Virgil's Aeneid and roughly translates to, "In the future it will be pleasing to remember these things." Its Greek name ΦΠΘ, initials for Φίλοί, Πατρίς, θεός (philoi, patris, theos, or "brotherhood, fatherland, divinity"), makes the society the second-oldest Greek-lettered organization in the United States.

Barbara M. Lynn
Barbara M. G. Lynn (born September 19, 1952) is a former United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, with chambers in Dallas, Texas from 1999 to 2025.
Marty Kuehnert
Marty Kuehnert (July 19, 1946 – November 8, 2024) was an American sports executive who was a senior advisor to the Japanese professional basketball team Sendai 89ers and Japanese professional baseball team Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles. He was also the team's first general manager and Nippon Professional Baseball's first foreign general manager.

Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles
The Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles (東北楽天ゴールデンイーグルス, Tōhoku Rakuten Gōruden Īgurusu), often shortened as the Rakuten Eagles (楽天イーグルス, Rakuten Īgurusu), are a baseball team based in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. It has played in Nippon Professional Baseball's Pacific League since the team's formation in November 2004. The team is owned by the Internet shopping company Rakuten.
Prawer Plan
The Bill on the Arrangement of Bedouin Settlement in the Negev, also called the Prawer Plan or the Begin–Prawer Plan, was formulated in September 2011 when the Israeli government approved a controversial five-year economic development plan. It was named for Ehud Prawer, the head of policy planning in the Israeli Prime Minister's Office.

One of its implications is a relocation of some 40,000–70,000 Negev Bedouin  from areas not recognized by the government to government-recognized local councils. It was a cause of the 2013 Israeli protests (November).

2013 Israeli protests
In 2013, two independent protests occurred in Israel. In May, an attempt to change the Tal Law, which excluded ultra-Orthodox Jewish men for doing military service, led to protests by Haredi against military conscription. Again in November, Bedouins in the Negev called for a 'Day of Rage' against their displacement by the Israeli government to state developed townships as a result of the Prawer-Begin plan.
Josephine Clara Goldmark
Josephine Clara Goldmark (October 13, 1877 – December 15, 1950) was an advocate of labor law reform in the United States during the early 20th century. Her work against child labor and for wages-and-hours legislation (the 8-hour day, minimum wage) was influential in the passage of the Keating–Owen Act in 1916 and the later Fair Labor Standards Act of 1937.

Florence Kelley
Florence Molthrop Kelley (September 12, 1859 – February 17, 1932) was an American social and political reformer who coined the term wage abolitionism. Her work against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eight-hour workdays, and children's rights is widely regarded today.

From its founding in 1899, Kelley served as the first general secretary of the National Consumers League. In 1909, Kelley helped to create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
Mollestad Oak
58°19′10″N 8°11′27″E﻿ / ﻿58.31940°N 8.19086°E﻿ / 58.31940; 8.19086

The Mollestad Oak (in Norwegian: Mollestadeika or Vetteika) is a monumental, legendary oak near the Norwegian village of Mollestad in the municipality of Birkenes, Norway. The oak has a circumference of 9.21 metres (30.2 ft), measured in 2001, and a height of around 13 metres (43 ft), which makes the Mollestad Oak one of the largest trees in Norway. Its age is estimated at 1000 years. The oak is traditionally a knot oak and the trunk extends to a height of four meters. The oak is located on a field. In the direction of the oak from the road, there is a grassy strip over which the oak can be reached.

Additional information is also available in English in a post on site.

Mollestad
Mollestad is a village in Birkenes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on both sides of the river Tovdalselva, just south of the municipal centre of Birkeland. The Birkenes Church is located in eastern Mollestad (Østre Mollestad). The Norwegian National Road 41 runs through the village. The village of Rugsland lies to the south, Svaland lies to the west, and Tveide lies to the east.
Digitek (character)
Digitek (Jonathan Bryant) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in Digitek #1 (Dec. 1992), the first issue of a limited series published by Marvel UK. The strip was also published in Marvel UK's weekly anthology title Overkill.  The character was created by writers John Tomlinson & Andy Lanning and artist Dermot Power.

Overkill (comic book)
Overkill was a Marvel UK anthology published during the 1990s, deliberately designed as a Marvel equivalent to  2000AD.

Originally there was an editorially-directed policy of no Marvel US superheroes appearing in Overkill (meaning it could only reprint 11 pages of each Marvel UK story, excising 11 that had deliberate US guest-stars) - market research indicated this was counter-productive and the policy was dropped, with Death's Head taking a prominent role in the comic.
Rototuna
Rototuna is a suburb in northern Hamilton, New Zealand, east of Flagstaff.  It is one of the newest and fastest-growing suburbs in Hamilton, along with neighbouring Huntington and Flagstaff.

Sometimes the name Rototuna is used to collectively refer to all of the city north of Wairere Drive and east of the Waikato River, including Flagstaff, St Petersburg, Magellan Rise, Ashmore, Somerset Heights, St James, Callum Brae and Huntington.

Although many Hamilton City publications say it was built on what was previously the bed of an ancient lake of which Rototuna was a tiny remnant, Lake Tunawhakapeka was to the north in Horsham Downs. However, its alternative name of Lake Rototuna, was the inspiration for the name given to a new post office in 1907 and later adopted for the area. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "eel lake" for Rototuna.

Callum Brae
Callum Brae is a suburb in north-eastern Hamilton in New Zealand.

It is part of the Rototuna South census area. Hamilton City Council includes Callum Brae as part of Rototuna, often understood to include other neighbouring suburbs: Grosvenor, Somerset Heights, Huntington and St James. In 2012 Hamilton Libraries said Callum Court is in the suburb of Rototuna. It was named in 2000 by developer Bramley Ltd., following a theme of naming all streets in the Callum Brae development with Scottish names.

Tauhara Park lies to the west of Callum Brae. Work was done in 2002 to prevent methane from the old Rototuna landfill migrating to Callum Brae and monitoring continues. The leachate is also collected.

Bus 16 has served Callum Brae at half hourly intervals since 2018.