hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Readlyn, Iowa
Readlyn is a city in Bremer County, Iowa, United States. The population was 845 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Waterloo–Cedar Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is known for its culture surrounding the "Grump", a title of honor and area folklore character inspired by a real resident of Readlyn in the early 20th century. A post office opened in Readlyn in 1904.

Waterloo–Cedar Falls metropolitan area
The Waterloo–Cedar Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Iowa, anchored by the cities of Waterloo and Cedar Falls. As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 163,706 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 164,913).
As of the 2010 Census, the MSA had a population of 169,484.
Charles Colville
General Sir Charles Colville GCB GCH (7 August 1770 – 27 March 1843) was a British Army officer who served during the Napoleonic Wars. He was an ensign in 1781. He served in the West Indies from 1791 to 1797 and while serving there was promoted to lieutenant-colonel (1796). He helped to suppress the Irish Rebellion of 1798. He was in Egypt in 1801 and fought at Martinique in 1809. He commanded brigade, and afterwards division, in the Peninsular War from 1810 until 1814. During the Waterloo Campaign of 1815 he commanded a division in Belgium and the same year was made a K.C.B. In 1819 he was promoted to lieutenant-general and served as commander-in-chief at Bombay from 1819 until 1825. He was governor of Mauritius from 1828 until 1834. He was promoted to general in 1837.

Charles Colville, 1st Viscount Colville of Culross
Charles John Colville, 1st Viscount Colville of Culross, KT, GCVO, PC (23 November 1818 – 1 July 1903), known as The Lord Colville of Culross between 1849 and 1902, was a British nobleman, Conservative politician, courtier, and painter.
Supermodular function
In mathematics, a supermodular function is a function on a lattice that, informally, has the property of being characterized by "increasing differences." Seen from the point of set functions, this can also be viewed as a relationship of "increasing returns", where adding more elements to a subset increases its valuation. In economics, supermodular functions are often used as a formal expression of complementarity in preferences among goods. Supermodular functions are studied and have applications in game theory, economics, lattice theory, combinatorial optimization, and machine learning.

Submodular set function
In mathematics, a submodular set function (also known as a submodular function) is a set function that, informally, describes the relationship between a set of inputs and an output, where adding more of one input has a decreasing additional benefit (diminishing returns). The natural diminishing returns property which makes them suitable for many applications, including approximation algorithms, game theory (as functions modeling user preferences) and electrical networks. Recently, submodular functions have also found utility in several real world problems in machine learning and artificial intelligence, including automatic summarization, multi-document summarization, feature selection, active learning, sensor placement, image collection summarization and many other domains.
Medina (album)
Medina is an album by jazz vibraphonist Bobby Hutcherson. It was released in 1980 on Blue Note Records (LT 1086) featuring six tracks recorded on 11 August 1969. The CD reissue added five tracks (#7–11) recorded in 1968, previously released on vinyl in 1979, under the title Spiral.

Joe Chambers
Joe Chambers (born June 25, 1942) is an American jazz drummer, pianist, vibraphonist and composer. In the 1960s and 1970s, Chambers gigged with many high-profile artists such as Eric Dolphy, Charles Mingus, Wayne Shorter, and Chick Corea and played on several iconic Blue Note albums of the 1960s. During this period, his compositions were featured on albums by Freddie Hubbard and Bobby Hutcherson. Chambers has released sixteen albums as a bandleader and was a founding member of Max Roach's M'Boom percussion ensemble.

He has also taught, including at the New School for Jazz and Contemporary Music in New York City, where he led the Outlaw Band. In 2008, he was hired to be the Thomas S. Kenan Distinguished Professor of Jazz in the Department of Music at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. He is a retired educator and works as a jazz musician, composer, and leader.
Long Grass Quarry
Long Grass Quarry (also known as Cliff Quarry) is a small, disused slate quarry between Tintagel and Trebarwith on the north coast of Cornwall, South West England, which was worked up until 1937. It was the last of the slate quarries on this stretch of coast to be abandoned.

Tintagel
Tintagel (/tɪnˈtædʒəl/) or Trevena (Cornish: Tre war Venydh, meaning Village on a Mountain) is a civil parish and village situated on the Atlantic coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village and nearby Tintagel Castle are associated with the legends surrounding King Arthur and in recent times have become a tourist attraction. It was claimed by Geoffrey of Monmouth that the castle was the place of Arthur's conception.
Tamisiocaris
Tamisiocaris (from Latin tamisium, sieve, and Greek karis, crab, shrimp) is a radiodont genus from the Cambrian period. The taxon was initially described in 2010 based on frontal appendages discovered from the Sirius Passet lagerstatte in northern Greenland. A subsequent study by Vinther and colleagues in 2014 revealed that the frontal appendages were segmented and bore densely packed auxiliary spines, which were adapted to suspension feeding in a manner analogous to modern baleen whales. It is assigned to the family Tamisiocarididae, and is measured about 22.8–33.6 cm (0.75–1.10 ft) long.

Radiodonta
Radiodonta is an extinct order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period. Radiodonts are distinguished by their distinctive frontal appendages, which are morphologically diverse and were used for a variety of functions. Radiodonts were among the earliest large predators, and they also included sediment sifters and filter feeders. Some of the most famous species of radiodonts are the Cambrian taxa Anomalocaris canadensis, Hurdia victoria, Peytoia nathorsti, Titanokorys gainesi, Cambroraster falcatus and Amplectobelua symbrachiata. The later surviving members include the subfamily Aegirocassisinae from the Early Ordovician of Morocco and the Early Devonian member Schinderhannes bartelsi from Germany.
Recoleta, Buenos Aires
Recoleta is a barrio or neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina, located in the northern part of the city, by the Río de la Plata. The area is perhaps best known to be the home of the distinguished Recoleta Cemetery. It is a traditional upper-class and conservative neighborhood with some of the priciest real estate in the city, known for Paris-style townhouses, lavish former palaces and posh boutiques.

The neighborhood is served by Line D and Line H of the Buenos Aires Underground, as well as by many bus lines in Avenida Santa Fe.

Centro Cultural Recoleta
The Centro Cultural Recoleta (English: Recoleta Cultural Centre) is an exhibition and cultural events centre located in the barrio of Recoleta, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
It holds sculptures and exhibitions, as well as concerts and artistic presentations and workshops of diverse types.
in September/October 2006 it held the wildly successful onedotzero festival attracting over 20,000 people in 3 days for installations, live performances, screenings and music.
ISO 639:a
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with A.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.

ISO 639:n
This is a list of ISO 639-3 language codes starting with N.

Index |
a |
b |
c |
d |
e |
f |
g |
h |
i |
j |
k |
l |
m |
n |
o |
p |
q |
r |
s |
t |
u |
v |
w |
x |
y |
z

Abbreviations are used in the table as follows:

Scope: I = individual language, M = macrolanguage, S = special code

Type: C = constructed, E = extinct (in recent times), H = historical (distinct from its modern form), L = living, S = special code

Deprecated codes are enclosed in (parentheses).

The column Family contains the generic English name of the language's family or macrolanguage.
St. Bede Academy
Saint Bede Academy is a private, four-year, Catholic college-preparatory high school located in Peru, Illinois. The campus buildings and monastery are situated on 800 acres of wooded land. The monastery is home to 12 Benedictine monks who have taken a vow of stability, meaning that they remain at Saint Bede Abbey for their lifetimes. The monks take an active role in the affairs and administration of the academy.

The school is accredited by the State of Illinois, the North Central Association, and the Office of Catholic Education of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria.

Peru, Illinois
Peru is a city in LaSalle and Bureau counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 9,896 at the 2020 census, down from 10,295 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.  Peru and its twin city, LaSalle, make up the core of Illinois Valley.
2024–25 Women's Ashes series
The England women's cricket team toured Australia in January and February 2025 to play the Australia women's cricket team in The Women's Ashes. The tour consisted of one Test match, three One Day International (ODI) and three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. In March 2024, the Cricket Australia (CA) confirmed the fixtures for the series, as a part of Australia's 2024–25 home international season.

Australia had been the holders of the Ashes prior to the series and retained them after taking an unassailable 8–0 lead after their win in the 1st WT20I, before winning the series after winning the 2nd WT20I. Australia eventually won the series 16–0, winning every match.

The Women's Ashes
The Women's Ashes is the perpetual trophy in women's international cricket series between England and Australia. The name derives from the historic precedent of the Ashes in cricket and, until 2013, was similarly decided exclusively on the outcomes of Test matches.

Since the Australian tour of England in 2013, the competition is decided on a points system, taking account of One-Day Internationals and Twenty20 International matches as well as Tests. Four (previously six) points are awarded for a Test victory (two points to each side in the event of a draw), and two points for a victory in a limited-overs game.
Carpiano
Carpiano (Milanese: Carpian [karˈpjãː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Milan.

Carpiano borders the following municipalities: San Giuliano Milanese, Locate di Triulzi, Melegnano, Cerro al Lambro, Siziano, Landriano and Bascapè.

Cerro al Lambro
Cerro al Lambro (Milanese: Cerr [ˈtʃɛr]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Milan.

Cerro al Lambro borders the following municipalities: Vizzolo Predabissi (MI), Carpiano (MI), Melegnano (MI), San Zenone al Lambro (MI), Bascapè (PV) and Casaletto Lodigiano (LO).
Dornier Do J Wal
The Dornier Do J Wal ("whale") is a twin-engine German flying boat of the 1920s designed by Dornier Flugzeugwerke and manufactured in five different countries. The Do J was designated the Do 16 by the Reich Air Ministry (Reichsluftfahrtministerium – RLM) under its aircraft designation system of 1933.

Bristol Jupiter
The Bristol Jupiter is a British nine-cylinder single-row piston radial engine that was built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company. Originally designed late in World War I and known as the Cosmos Jupiter, a lengthy series of upgrades and developments turned it into one of the finest engines of its era.

The Jupiter was widely used on many aircraft designs during the 1920s and 1930s. Thousands of Jupiters of all versions were produced, both by Bristol and abroad under licence.

A turbo-supercharged version of the Jupiter known as the Orion suffered development problems and only a small number were produced. The "Orion" name was later re-used by Bristol for an unrelated turboprop engine.

The Bristol Jupiter was licensed by the Soviet Union as the Shvetsov M-22.
MBT-80
The FV4601 MBT-80 was a British experimental third-generation main battle tank, designed in the late 1970s to replace the Chieftain tank. It was eventually (and later controversially) cancelled in favour of the Challenger 1, itself an evolution of the Chieftain design.

Royal Ordnance L11
The Royal Ordnance L11A5, officially designated Gun, 120 mm, Tank L11, is a 120 mm L/55 rifled tank gun design. It was the second 120 mm calibre tank gun in service with British Army, the first of which was the Royal Ordnance OQF 120mm Tank L1. It was the first of NATO's 120 mm main battle tank guns which became the standard calibre for Western tanks in the later period of the Cold War. A total of 3,012 of the L11 guns were produced by 2005. The list price was US$227,000 in 1990.

The L11 was developed by Britain's Royal Ordnance Factories to equip the Chieftain tank as the successor to the 105 mm L7 gun used in the Centurion tank and the heavy Caernarvon tank. It was also used on the Challenger 1, which replaced the Chieftain in British and Jordanian service. The weapon has been superseded by the L30 series 120 mm rifled tank gun.
British T-class submarine
The Royal Navy's T class (or Triton class) of diesel-electric submarines was designed in the 1930s to replace the O, P, and R classes. Fifty-three members of the class were built just before and during the Second World War, where they played a major role in the Royal Navy's submarine operations. Four boats in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy were known as the Zwaardvisch class.

At the start of the Second World War the T class was, with the British S and U class, Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII, one of the most advanced submarine classes in service.

In the decade following the war, the oldest surviving boats were scrapped and the remainder converted to anti-submarine vessels to counter the growing Soviet submarine threat. The Royal Navy disposed of its last operational boat in 1969, although it retained one permanently moored as a static training submarine until 1974. The last surviving boat, serving in the Israel Sea Corps, was scrapped in 1977.

HMS Truncheon
HMS Truncheon (pennant number P353) was a group three T Class submarine of the Royal Navy which entered service in the last few months of World War II. So far she has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to be named Truncheon. She was sold to Israel in 1968, and commissioned into the Israeli Sea Corps as INS Dolphin.
Moscow, Iowa
Moscow is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 290. It has a post office, with the ZIP code of 52760, which opened on May 1, 1837. The community is part of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Muscatine micropolitan area
The Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting solely of Muscatine County and anchored by the city of Muscatine. The Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area is also a part of the Quad Cities Iowa–Illinois Combined Statistical Area (CSA), which has a population of 474,226, making it the 90th-largest CSA in the nation.

As of the 2000 census, the area had a population of 53,905 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 54,179).
Once Upon a Time in Wonderland
Once Upon a Time in Wonderland is an American fantasy-drama series that aired on ABC from October 10, 2013, to April 3, 2014. A spin-off of Once Upon a Time, it was created by Edward Kitsis, Adam Horowitz, Zack Estrin, and Jane Espenson for ABC Studios. Inspired by the Lewis Carroll novels Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871), the series takes place in Once Upon a Time's iteration of Wonderland, and follows the same setting as the parent series, including the use of Disney and Lost allusions.

Wonderland received mixed to positive reviews from critics, who praised its cast, visuals, and narrative, but criticized the plot. On March 27, 2014, the series was canceled after one season, with the finale airing a week later. Michael Socha reprises his Wonderland role as Will Scarlet / Knave of Hearts in Once Upon a Time as a series regular for its fourth season.

Tweedledum and Tweedledee
Tweedledum and Tweedledee are characters in an English nursery rhyme and in Lewis Carroll's 1871 book Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There. Their names may have originally come from an epigram written by poet John Byrom. The nursery rhyme has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 19800. The names have since become synonymous in western popular culture slang for any two people whose appearances and actions are identical.
Unsolved Cases
Unsolved Cases (ケイゾク, Keizoku) is a Japanese mystery thriller created first as a TV drama and later as a film. It is about Detective Jun Shibata, who handles unsolved cases with her hardened partner Tōru Mayama.

The television series was broadcast in 11 episodes between 8 January and 19 March 1999 on TBS Television and JNN affiliate stations. A two-hour "special drama" was then broadcast on 24 December 1999. The series has been called "epoch-making" in the police procedural genre on Japanese television.

Yukihiko Tsutsumi
Yukihiko Tsutsumi (堤幸彦, Tsutsumi Yukihiko; born November 3, 1955 in Yokkaichi, Mie) is a Japanese television and film director. He began directing commercials and music promotion videos as an employee of Nippon Television. After spending time abroad, he returned and started his own production company, Office Crescendo, from which he works independently. His first television drama on Nippon Television was called Kora! Tonneruzu and ran from 1985 to 1989.
He directed Taitei no Ken, an original work by Baku Yumemakura, in 2007.
Putnam County, Florida
Putnam County is a county located in the northern part of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 73,321. Its county seat is Palatka. Putnam County comprises the Palatka, Florida micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Jacksonville—Kingsland—Palatka, Florida—Georgia combined statistical area. The county is centrally located between Jacksonville, Gainesville, St. Augustine, and Daytona Beach.

Volusia County, Florida
Volusia County (/vəˈluːʃə/ ⓘ, və-LOO-shə) is a county located in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Florida between the St. Johns River and the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2020 census, the county was home to 553,543 people, an increase of 11.9% from the 2010 census. It was founded on December 29, 1854, from a portion of Orange County, and was named for the community of Volusia, located in northwestern Volusia County. The original county seat was Enterprise. Since 1887, the county seat has been DeLand. Volusia County is part of the Deltona–Daytona Beach–Ormond Beach metropolitan statistical area, as well as part of the larger Orlando–Deltona–Daytona Beach Combined statistical area.
Hershey Electric Railway
The Hershey Electric Railway, also known as the Hershey Railway, is a standard-gauge electric interurban railway that runs from Casablanca, Havana, to the city of Matanzas, approximately 92 kilometres (57 mi) to the east. There are a number of intermediate halts and a station and depot at the town of Camilo Cienfuegos, better known by its pre-revolutionary name of Hershey.  The railway is the only surviving electric line in Cuba.  The railway was built by The Hershey Company to transport sugar to the port of Havana. The original electric interurban cars were bought from the JG Brill Company, but these were replaced by 60-year old cars from the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya in the 1990s.

Matanzas
Matanzas (Latin American Spanish: [maˈtansas]; Lucumi: Ayá Áta) is the capital of the Cuban province of Matanzas. Known for its poets, culture, and Afro-Cuban folklore, it is located on the northern shore of the island of Cuba, on the Bay of Matanzas (Spanish Bahia de Matanzas), 102 kilometres (63 mi) east of the capital Havana and 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of the resort town of Varadero.

Matanzas is called the City of Bridges, for the seventeen bridges that cross the three rivers that traverse the city (Rio Yumuri, San Juan, and Canimar). For this reason it was referred to as the "Venice of Cuba." It was also called "La Atenas de Cuba" ("The Athens of Cuba") for its poets.

Matanzas is known as the birthplace of the music and dance traditions danzón and rumba.
Enrique Quintana
Scouting portal

Enrique Quintana was one of the pioneers of Cuban Scouting. The first troops of Boy Scouts in Cuba met under the sponsorship of the American Legion, the Mother's Club del Vedado and the electric generating plant of the Compañía Cubana de Electricidad. Angel Loustalot, the son of Jules Loustalot, was commissioner for other pioneers of the Scout Movement, Enrique Quintana, Dr. Moisés Boudé, Domingo Romeo Jaime and Oscar Poey Bonachea.

Asociación de Scouts de Cuba
The Asociación de Scouts de Cuba (ASC, Scout Association of Cuba) was the national Scouting organization of Cuba from 1927 to 1961. Scouting in Cuba started in 1914, in 1927 the ASC was founded and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement the same year and was suspended from WOSM membership in 1961. At the end of the 1950s, the boys-only association had about 6,500 members. Cuba is now one of only five of the world's independent countries that do not have Scouting.
Japan Open (badminton)
The Japan Open is an annual badminton tournament held in Japan. It became part of the BWF Super Series in 2007. Since 2018, the BWF has categorized the Japan Open as one of the five BWF World Tour Super 750 events in the BWF event structure.

2018 Japan Open (badminton)
The 2018 Japan Open (officially known as the Daihatsu Yonex Japan Open 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place at Musashino Forest Sport Plaza in Tokyo, Japan, from 11 to 16 September 2018 and had a total prize of $700,000.
Interventional neuroradiology
Interventional neuroradiology (INR)  also known as neurointerventional surgery (NIS), endovascular therapy (EVT), endovascular neurosurgery, and interventional neurology is a medical subspecialty of  neurosurgery, neuroradiology, intervention radiology and neurology specializing in minimally invasive image-based technologies and procedures used in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the head, neck, and spine.

Arteriovenous malformation
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. Usually congenital, this vascular anomaly is widely known because of its occurrence in the central nervous system (usually as a cerebral AVM), but can appear anywhere in the body. The symptoms of AVMs can range from none at all to intense pain or bleeding, and they can lead to other serious medical problems.