hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Council Tax
Council Tax is a local taxation system used in England, Scotland and Wales. It is a tax on domestic property, which was introduced in 1993 by the Local Government Finance Act 1992, replacing the short-lived Community Charge (also known as "poll tax"), which in turn had replaced the domestic rates. Each property is assigned one of eight bands in England and Scotland (A to H), or nine bands in Wales (A to I), based on property value, and the tax is set as a fixed amount for each band. The higher the band, the higher the tax. Some property is exempt from the tax, and some people are exempt from the tax, while some get a discount.

In 2011, the average annual levy on a property in England was £1,196 (equivalent to £1,841 in 2023). In 2014–15, the tax raised enough money to cover 24.3% of council expenditure.

Council Tax is difficult to avoid or evade and therefore has one of the highest collection rates of any tax, with in-year collection rates of 97.0% in 2014–15.

Property tax
A property tax (whose rate is expressed as a percentage or per mille, also called millage) is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property.

The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. This can be a national government, a federated state, a county or other geographical region, or a municipality. Multiple jurisdictions may tax the same property.

Often a property tax is levied on real estate. It may be imposed annually or at the time of a real estate transaction, such as in real estate transfer tax. This tax can be contrasted with a rent tax, which is based on rental income or imputed rent, and a land value tax, which is a levy on the value of land, excluding the value of buildings and other improvements.

Under a property tax system, the government requires or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property, and tax is assessed in proportion to that value.
Luk Yeung Galleria
Luk Yeung Galleria (Chinese: 綠楊坊), formally known as Luk Yeung Sun Chuen Mall, is one of the largest shopping centres in Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong, located in Luk Yeung Sun Chuen, above MTR Tsuen Wan station. It has a total area of 16,500 square metres (178,000 sq ft).

It was developed in 1983 by a consortium of property developers, including MTR Corporation, Hong Kong Land, Jardine Matheson Holdings and Kiu Kwong.

MTR Corporation
MTR Corporation Limited is a majority government-owned public transport operator and property developer in Hong Kong which operates the Mass Transit Railway, the most popular public transport network in Hong Kong. It is listed on the Hong Kong Exchange and is a component of the Hang Seng Index. The MTR additionally invests in railways across different parts of the world, including franchised contracts to operate rapid transit systems in Beijing, Hangzhou, Macao, Shenzhen, Sydney, and a suburban rail system in Melbourne.
Henny Thijssen
Henny Thijssen (born April 18, 1952, Enschede) is a Dutch singer-composer. He is the elder brother of singers Wilma and Reiny Landkroon.

In 1988, Thijssen received 1st place public jury and the 3rd place specialized jury with Save Our Planet in the World Songfestival in Bratislava, Slovakia. In 1998, he published Tastbaar and, in 2008, he published Levensecht.

His last singles were Tabbe Tabbe Tab (2007), Die Nacht is mijn Leven (2008; with Henri van Velzen) and Dans nog een keer met mij (2008) what was a nice success in the Netherlands Charts. Thijssen writes songs for many Dutch artists.

Wilma Landkroon
Wilma Landkroon (born 28 April 1957, Enschede) is a Dutch pop singer. At eleven  years old, her first top chart success in the Netherlands and Germany was in 1968 the song “Heintje, bau ein Schloss für mich”.
Murphy's Hotel
The Murphy Hotel (or Murphy's Hotel) was once a leading hotel in downtown Richmond, Virginia.  Its location was at the corner of 8th and Broad Streets and for the last decade was known as the Commonwealth of Virginia's Eighth Street Office Building. The building shared a block with the Hotel Richmond, also known as the state's Ninth Street office building, and St. Peter's Church. It was deconstructed in late 2007 to give way to a modern high-rise that will house offices for the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Hotel Richmond
The Hotel Richmond was a historic hotel located in Richmond, Virginia. Constructed in phases between 1904 and 1911, it was a rare example of a Gilded Age hotel built by a woman, Adeline Detroit Wood Atkinson. Atkinson turned the facility into a popular meeting spot for Richmond-area politicians, and the hotel acted as the headquarters for numerous political campaigns in the early 20th century. It was also the home of WRVA, the city's first radio station, from 1933 until 1968. After operating as a hotel under various names until 1966, the building was then purchased by the Commonwealth of Virginia. It was listed to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009 as the Ninth Street Office Building, and was dedicated as the Barbara Johns Building in 2017. As of 2016 it housed the Office of the Attorney General.
Igreja de Jesus (Luanda)
The Igreja de Jesus, also Igreja dos Jesuítas, is a landmark in the Ingombota District of Luanda, Angola, adjacent to the Presidential Palace in the cidade alta neighborhood. It is the former church of the Jesuit college established in the city in the early 17th century. It has a fine baroque façade and a richly decorated interior.

Ingombota
Ingombota is one of the six urban districts that make up the municipality of Luanda, in the province of Luanda, the capital city of Angola. Ingombota is home to the central business district of Luanda, Angola. The economic, political and symbolic center of the city and the nation, it is Luanda's oldest district. The district is home to most of Luanda's prominent hotels and office towers.
Stephen Samuel Wise
Stephen Samuel Wise (March 17, 1874 – April 19, 1949) was an early 20th-century American Reform rabbi and Zionist leader in the Progressive Era. Born in Budapest, he was an infant when his family immigrated to New York. He followed his father and grandfather in becoming a rabbi, serving in New York and in Portland, Oregon. Wise was also a founding member of the NAACP.

Zionist Organization of America
The Zionist Organization of America (ZOA; Hebrew: ההסתדרות הציונית האמריקאית; known as the Federation of American Zionists from 1897–1917) is an American nonprofit pro-Israel organization. Founded in 1897, as the Federation of American Zionists, it was the first official Zionist organization in the United States.  Early in the 20th century, it was the primary representative of American Jews to the World Zionist Organization.

Today, the ZOA claims to have 25,000 members, down from its 1939 peak of 165,000.

The ZOA opposes Palestinian statehood.
Cow Palace
The Cow Palace (originally the California State Livestock Pavilion) is an indoor arena and events center located in Daly City, California, situated on the city's northern border with neighboring San Francisco. Because the border passes through the property, a portion of the upper parking lot is in San Francisco.

The venue first opened in 1941, and has hosted a range of events such as sports, concerts, conventions, trade shows, and political rallies.

1964 Republican National Convention
The 1964 Republican National Convention took place in the Cow Palace, Daly City, California, from July 13 to July 16, 1964. Before 1964, there had been only one national Republican convention on the West Coast, the 1956 Republican National Convention, which also took place in the Cow Palace. Many believed that a convention in San Francisco indicated the rising power of the Republican Party in the west.
Radhanpur State
Radhanpur State was a kingdom and later princely state in India during the British Raj. Its rulers belonged to a family of Babi House, the state was once a polity within the Mughal Empire. The last ruling Nawab of Radhanpur, Nawab Murtaza Khan, signed the instrument of accession to the Indian Union on 10 June 1948.

The town of Radhanpur in the northern  region of Gujarat was its capital. It was surrounded by a loopholed wall; the town was formerly known for its export trade in rapeseed, grains, and cotton.

Palanpur Agency
Palanpur Agency, also spelled Pahlunpore Agency, was a political agency or collection of princely states in British India, within the Gujarat Division of Bombay Presidency. In 1933, the native states of the Mahi Kantha Agency, except for Danta, were included in the Western India States Agency. The agency, headquartered at Palanpur, oversaw some 17 princely states and estates in the area, encompassing an area of 6393 square miles (16,558 km2) and a population, in 1901, of 467,271.
Tomaszów Mazowiecki
Tomaszów Mazowiecki (pronounced [tɔˈmaʂuf mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲi] ⓘ, Yiddish: טאָמעשעוו or Tomashuv) is a town in central Poland with 60,529 inhabitants (2021). It is the fourth most populous city in the Łódź Voivodeship and the second with free public transport. It is the seat of Tomaszów County.

In Tomaszów Mazowiecki there is the first (and the only) all-year speed skating track in Poland - Ice Arena Tomaszów Mazowiecki, which has hosted the World Championships. In autumn, the city hosts the international Love Polish Jazz festival, organized by the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.

Pilica (river)
The Pilica is a river in central Poland, and the longest left tributary of the Vistula river, with a length of 333 kilometres (8th longest). All 9,258 km2 of its basin area is in Poland.

It flows through the Polish Jura, after which it enters Central Polish Plains. Pilica flows into the Vistula near the village of Ostrowek, in a geographical region of Central Vistula Valley. In 1974, a dam was built near Sulejow, resulting in the creation of man-made reservoir Sulejow Lake, which has the area of 2,700 hectares. The region in the basin of the Pilica is sometimes called Nadpilicze, and the river itself marks boundary between Lesser Poland, and two other historical provinces of the country, Greater Poland and Mazovia.

The first "open-air river museum" in Poland, the Open-air museum of Pilica river, is located on the waterway and the Blue Springs nature reserve lies next to the river.
Cowie Castle
Cowie Castle is a ruined fortress in Aberdeenshire, Scotland.  The site lies at the northern end of Stonehaven on the North Sea coast.  To the immediate south is the Cowie Bridge crossing of the Cowie Water.  Evidence of prehistoric man exists in the vicinity dating to the Iron Age in the form of ring cairns.

Stonehaven
Stonehaven (/stoʊnˈheɪvən/ ⓘ stohn-HAY-vən) is a town on the northeast coast of Scotland, 15 miles (24 km) south of Aberdeen. It had a population of 11,177 at the 2022 Census.

Stonehaven was formerly the county town of Kincardineshire, succeeding the now abandoned town of Kincardine. It is currently administered as part of Aberdeenshire. The town is known in the local Doric dialect as Steenhive (/stinˈhaɪv/ ⓘ) and is nicknamed Stoney.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico
The 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico were held on November 4, 2006 to determine who will represent the state of New Mexico in the United States House of Representatives. New Mexico has three seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

As of 2026, this is the last time that Republicans won a majority of congressional districts in New Mexico. New Mexico was also one of seven states in which the party that won the state's popular vote did not win a majority of seats in 2006, the other states being Indiana, Nevada, Michigan, Ohio, Iowa, and Wisconsin.

2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan
The 2006 congressional elections in Michigan was held on November 7, 2006, to determine who would represent the state of Michigan in the United States House of Representatives. Michigan had fifteen seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms. All fifteen incumbents ran for re-election, and all of them were re-elected except Joe Schwarz, who lost his primary.

Michigan was one of seven states in which the party that won the state's popular vote did not win a majority of seats in 2006, the other states being Indiana, New Mexico, Nevada, Ohio, Iowa, and Wisconsin.
Development (band)
Development was a progressive rock and pop band fronted by Colin Young, former lead singer of The Foundations. They were signed to Barry Class' Trend record label. The original Foundations had broken up in late 1970 and this new group would alternate between calling themselves Development and The Foundations.

Graham Preskett
Graham Donald Harry Preskett (born 26 December 1948) is a British composer and musician who has been active since the early 1970s. He appeared on the Mott the Hoople albums Mott (1973) and The Hoople (1974), playing violin on both, and arranging and conducting on the latter.
Electric Six
Electric Six is an American rock band formed in Detroit in 1996. They are known for combining elements of rock, disco, garage rock, metal, new wave, and punk rock. Since achieving widespread recognition in 2003 with the singles "Danger! High Voltage" and "Gay Bar", they have released 20 studio albums, two rarities albums, one live album and one live DVD. Each band member is given a unique stage name. The line-up has undergone changes over the years: co-founder, lead vocalist, and primary songwriter Dick Valentine has been the only constant member. The current line-up consists of Valentine, lead guitarist Johnny Na$hinal, keyboardist Tait Nucleus?, rhythm guitarist Herb S. Flavourings, drummer Dr. Jay and bassist Mr. Poison.

Flashy
Flashy is the fifth album by Detroit rock band Electric Six, released on October 21, 2008, through Metropolis Records.

The album was accompanied by a music video for track "Formula 409", which appeared online on July 30, 2008. A claymation video for the track 'Making Progress' was also released.
Puyallup, Washington
Puyallup (/pjuːˈæləp/ ⓘ pew-AL-əp) is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States. It is on the Puyallup River about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Tacoma and 35 miles (56 km) south of Seattle. The city had a population of 42,973 at the 2020 census.

The city's name comes from the Puyallup tribe of Native Americans and means "the generous people" in Lushootseed. Puyallup is home to the Washington State Fair, the state's largest annual fair. The name of the city is also used in mailing addresses for adjacent unincorporated areas, such as the larger-populated South Hill.

Camp Harmony
Camp Harmony is the unofficial euphemistic name of the Puyallup Assembly Center, a temporary facility within the system of internment camps set up for Japanese Americans during World War II. Approximately 7,390 Americans of Japanese descent from Western Washington and Alaska were sent to the camp (nearly doubling the town of Puyallup's population of 7,500) before being transferred to the War Relocation Authority camps at Minidoka, Idaho, Tule Lake, California and Heart Mountain, Wyoming.
April Cantelo
April Rosemary Cantelo (2 April 1928 – 16 July 2024) was an English soprano. She created roles in operas by major composers, including the title role of Semele by John Eccles, Helena in Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream, and in several works by Malcolm Williamson such as English Eccentrics.

Alfred Deller
Alfred George Deller, CBE (31 May 1912 – 16 July 1979), was an English singer and one of the main figures in popularising the return of the countertenor voice in Renaissance and Baroque music during the 20th century.

He is sometimes referred to as the "godfather of the countertenor". His style in singing lute song, with extensive use of rubato and extemporised ornamentation, was seen as radical and controversial in his day but is now considered the norm.

Deller was an influential figure in the renaissance of early music: an early proponent of "original instrument performance" and one of the first to bring this form to the popular consciousness through his broadcasts on the BBC. He also founded the Stour Music Festival in 1962, one of the first and most important early music festivals in the world.
Lincoln Place Apartment Homes
Lincoln Place Apartment Homes is a historic apartment community owned by a subsidiary of Apartment Investment and Management Co. (Aimco). Inspired by the garden city movement, it is located at 1050 Frederick Street on a 35-acre site in the Venice community of Los Angeles, one mile east of Venice Beach.  Built from 1949-1951, the property is just off Lincoln Boulevard, bound by Lake Street and Penmar Avenue with Elkgrove Avenue and Elkgrove Circle within its interior.

Venice, Los Angeles
Venice is a neighborhood of the City of Los Angeles within the Westside region of Los Angeles County, California, United States.

Venice was founded by Abbot Kinney in 1905 as a seaside resort town. It was an independent city until 1926, when it was annexed by the city of Los Angeles. Venice is known for its canals, a beach, and Ocean Front Walk, a  2+1⁄2-mile (4-kilometer) pedestrian promenade that features performers, fortune-tellers, and vendors.
Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship
The Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo brzesko-kujawskie, Latin: Palatinatus Brestensis) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland (later Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), from the 14th century to the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. It was part of the historic Kuyavia region and the Greater Poland Province. Originally, its name was Brzesc Voivodeship (Województwo brzeskie), but after the 1569 Union of Lublin, it was renamed into Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship, to distinguish it from Lithuanian Brest Litovsk Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo brzesko-litewskie).

Radziejów
Radziejów (Polish pronunciation: [raˈd͡ʑɛjuf]; ) is a town in Poland, in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, about 45 km (28 mi) south of Toruń.  It is the capital of Radziejów County. It is located in the historic region of Kuyavia.In 1331, near this town, a Battle of Płowce took place. Its population is 5,006 (2024).
MKE MPT
The MPT (Turkish: Millî Piyade Tüfeği, lit. 'National Infantry Rifle') is a modular rifle family designed by MKE and produced by MKE, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifles such as the Heckler & Koch G3 and Heckler & Koch HK33 due to most of them being near the end of their service life.

Sarsılmaz Arms
Sarsılmaz Silah Sanayi A.Ş. (lit. 'Unshakable Arms Industries'), commonly referred to as Sar or Sars by English speakers, is a privately owned small arms manufacturer based in Düzce, Turkey. The company was founded in 1880 in the Ottoman Empire, and is the largest small arms manufacturer in Turkey.

Sarsilmaz is the official pistol supplier and producer of many of the small arms for the Turkish National Police and the Turkish Armed Forces, and exports firearms to 78 countries. In addition to their small arms manufacturing, Sarsilmaz entered the aviation components industry under the name TR Mekatronik in 2013, and has become one of the largest subcontractors in the sector.

Sarsilmaz firearms were formerly imported into the United States by E.A.A. In 2018 Sarsilmaz founded SAR USA to be the exclusive importer and distributor for Sarsilmaz firearms into the United States.
Stanley Knowles
Stanley Howard Knowles PC OC (June 18, 1908 – June 9, 1997) was a Canadian parliamentarian. Knowles represented the riding of Winnipeg North Centre from 1942 to 1958 on behalf of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) and again from 1962 to 1984 representing the CCF's successor, the New Democratic Party (NDP).

Knowles was widely regarded and respected as the foremost expert on parliamentary procedure in Canada, and served as the CCF and NDP House Leader for decades. He was also a leading advocate of social justice, and was largely responsible for persuading the governments to increase Old Age Security benefits and for the introduction of the Canada Pension Plan, as well as other features of the welfare state.

Brandon University
Brandon University is a university located in the city of Brandon, Manitoba, Canada, with an enrollment of approximately 3,375 (2020) full-time and part-time undergraduate and graduate students.  The current location was founded on July 13, 1899, as Brandon College as a Baptist institution.  It was chartered as a university by then President John E. Robbins on June 5, 1967. The enabling legislation is the Brandon University Act. Brandon University is one of several predominantly undergraduate liberal arts and sciences institutions in Canada.

The university is a member of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC) and the Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU), the Canadian University Society for Intercollegiate Debate (CUSID) and a member of U Sports. Brandon University has a student-to-faculty ratio of 11 to 1 and sixty percent of all classes have fewer than 20 students.  The university press, The Quill, is a member of CUP.
Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota
Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota, also known simply as Patricio Rey, Los Redondos or Los Redonditos de Ricota, was a rock band formed in La Plata, Argentina. The group was active from the mid 70s up to the early 2000s. They are known for shaping Argentine rock and their enormous fan base.

Indio Solari
Carlos Alberto Solari (born 17 January 1949), known as Indio Solari, is an Argentine musician and singer. Solari was the leader of Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota between 1976 and 2001, and together with "Semilla" Bucciarelli and Skay Beilinson have been the only constant members of the group.
Minckleyella
Minckleyella is a monotypic genus of gastropods belonging to the family Cochliopidae. The only species is Minckleyella balnearis.

This freshwater snail genus is named in honor of Wendell L. Minckley.

The species is found in the Chihuahuan Desert of northern Mexico.

Cochliopidae
Cochliopidae is a family of small freshwater snails with gills and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks.

Paludestrina d'Orbigny, 1840 is an archaic  synonym, and has been placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Names by ICZN Opinion 2202.

This family is in the superfamily Truncatelloidea and in the order Littorinimorpha (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Too Much and Never Enough
Too Much and Never Enough: How My Family Created the World's Most Dangerous Man is a tell-all book written by American psychologist Mary L. Trump about her uncle, President Donald Trump, and his family. It was published by Simon & Schuster on July 14, 2020. The book provides an insider view of Trump family dynamics and reveals details about financial dealings, including the author's work as the anonymous source who revealed her uncle's suspected tax fraud. The Trump family launched a lawsuit in an attempt to stop its publication but was unsuccessful in delaying the release of the book.

Robert Trump
Robert Stewart Trump (August 26, 1948 – August 15, 2020) was an American businessman and investor. He was the younger brother of U.S. president Donald Trump and a loyal supporter of Donald's political career.

Trump served on the board of directors for ZeniMax Media, parent company to Bethesda Softworks, from 1999 until his death in 2020. In addition to being a board member at ZeniMax, he was also an investor in the company.

In the years before his death, Robert Trump was the president of the Trump Organization, a business owned by the Trump siblings. At some point, he also worked as a real estate developer.