hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NebuAd
NebuAd was an American online advertising company based in Redwood City, California, with offices in New York and London and was funded by the investment companies Sierra Ventures and Menlo Ventures.
It was one of several companies which originally developed behavioral targeting advertising systems, and sought deals with ISPs to enable them to analyse customer's websurfing habits in order to provide them with more relevant, micro-targeted advertising.

At one point, NebuAd had signed up more than 30 customers, mostly Internet access providers, its agreements with providers covered 10 percent of the broadband users in America. Due to fallout following public and Congressional concern, NebuAd's largest ISP customers pulled out. NebuAd closed for business in the UK in August 2008, followed by the US in May 2009. NebuAd UK Ltd was dissolved in February 2010.

Phorm was a similar company operating out of Europe.  Adzilla and Project Rialto also appear to be developing similar systems.

Wide Open West
WideOpenWest, Inc. (doing business as WOW!) is the eighth largest cable operator in the United States with their network passing 1.9 million homes and businesses. With 538,100 subscribers as of November 2022, the company offers landline telephone, cable television, and broadband Internet services.
Opportunistic TLS
Opportunistic TLS (Transport Layer Security) refers to extensions in plain text communication protocols, which offer a way to upgrade a plain text connection to an encrypted (TLS or SSL) connection instead of using a separate port for encrypted communication. Several protocols use a command named "STARTTLS" or "Explicit TLS" for this purpose. It is a form of opportunistic encryption and is primarily intended as a countermeasure to passive monitoring.

The STARTTLS command for IMAP and POP3 is defined in RFC 2595, for SMTP in RFC 3207, for XMPP in RFC 6120 and for NNTP in RFC 4642. For IRC, the IRCv3 Working Group defined a STARTTLS extension, though it was later deprecated. FTP uses the command "AUTH TLS" defined in RFC 4217 and LDAP defines a protocol extension OID in RFC 2830. HTTP uses an upgrade header.

Post Office Protocol
In computing, the Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server. Today, POP version 3 (POP3) is the most commonly used version. Together with IMAP, it is one of the most common protocols for email retrieval.
Mecistocephalus tahitiensis
Mecistocephalus tahitiensis is a species of centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is found in Australia and on islands in the Pacific. This species features only 47 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus Mecistocephalus.

Mecistocephalus
Mecistocephalus is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head.
Merfyn Frych
Merfyn Frych ("Merfyn the Freckled"; Old Welsh Mermin), also known as Merfyn ap Gwriad ("Merfyn son of Gwriad") and Merfyn Camwri ("Merfyn the Oppressor"), was King of Gwynedd from around 826 to 844, the first of its kings known not to have descended from the male line of King Cunedda.

Little is known of his reign and his primary notability is as the father of Rhodri Mawr (Rhodri the Great) and founder of his dynasty, which was sometimes called the Merfynion after him. Merfyn came to the throne in the aftermath of a bloody dynastic struggle between two rivals named Cynan and Hywel – generally identified with the sons of Rhodri Molwynog.

The Annales Cambriae say Merfyn died around 844, the same year in which a battle occurred at Cetyll, but it is unclear whether those were two unrelated events or he fell in battle.

Gwriad ab Elidyr
Gwriad ab Elidyr (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈguːrjad ab ɛˈlɪdɪr]) was an eighth-century British figure who was very probably ruler of the Isle of Man. Very little is known of him, yet he is nevertheless one of the few early medieval Welsh figures with whom can be associated contemporary evidence of his existence, in this case a stone cross erected near Maughold likely bearing his name. Gwriad's marriage with Esyllt ferch Cynan Dindaethwy, a member of the First Dynasty of Gwynedd, produced the king of Gwynedd Merfyn Frych. Merfyn succeeded his mother's relative Hywel ap Caradog and ruled Gwynedd from 826 to 844, founding the Second Dynasty of Gwynedd. Gwriad was therefore the ancestor of this dynasty and ultimately also the dynasty of Deheubarth through his great-grandson Cadell ap Rhodri.
Gwerz
Gwerz (Breton: [ɡʷɛ̞ʀz], "ballad", "lament", plural gwerzioù) is a type of folk song of Brittany. In Breton music, the gwerz tells a story which can be epic, historical, or mythological.  The stories are usually of a tragic nature.  The gwerz is characterised by an often monotonous melody and many couplets, all in the Breton language.  Though historically sung unaccompanied, some modern musicians use limited instrumentation with the gwerz.

Some of the most famous performers in current gwerzioù are Érik Marchand, Yann-Fañch Kemener, and Denez Prigent.

Music of Brittany
Since the early 1970s, Brittany has experienced a tremendous revival of its folk music. Along with flourishing traditional forms such as the bombard-biniou pair and fest-noz ensembles incorporating other additional instruments, it has also branched out into numerous subgenres.
Holy Week in Seville
Holy Week in Seville (Spanish: Semana Santa de Sevilla) is one of two biggest annual festivals in Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain, the other being the Feria de Abril (April Fair), which follows two weeks later. It is celebrated in the week leading up to Easter (Holy Week among Christians), and features the procession of pasos, floats of lifelike wooden sculptures of individual scenes of sorrowful Mysteries of the Rosary, or images of the grieving Virgin Mary.

Some of the sculptures are of great antiquity, considered artistic masterpieces, and hold cultural and spiritual significance for the local Catholic population.

Francisco Ruiz Gijón
Francisco Ruiz Gijón (Utrera, 1653 - Seville, 1720) was a Spanish sculptor of the Baroque period. He belongs to the Andalusian school, following the style of Pedro Roldán. He studied with sculptor Andrés Cansino and developed his artistic career in Seville.
PMEL (gene)
Melanocyte protein PMEL also known as premelanosome protein (PMEL), silver locus protein homolog (SILV) or Glycoprotein 100 (gp100), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PMEL gene. Its gene product may be referred to as PMEL, silver, ME20, gp100 or Pmel17.

Melanosome
A melanosome is an organelle found in animal cells and is the site for synthesis, storage and transport of melanin, the most common light-absorbing pigment found in the animal kingdom. Melanosomes are responsible for color and photoprotection in animal cells and tissues.

Melanosomes are synthesised in the skin in melanocyte cells, as well as the eye in choroidal melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. In lower vertebrates, they are found in melanophores or chromatophores.
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors FC (Korean: 전북 현대 모터스 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Jeonbuk have won the K League a record ten times, including five consecutive titles between 2017 and 2021, and the Korea Cup six times, which is also a joint-record. At international level, the club have won the AFC Champions League twice, in 2006 and 2016. Jeonbuk have also made two appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup, most recently in the 2016 edition. The club's home ground is the Jeonju World Cup Stadium.

2020 Korean FA Cup
The 2020 Korean FA Cup, known as the 2020 Hana Bank FA Cup due to sponsorship agreement with Hana Bank, was the 25th edition of the Korean FA Cup. University clubs, including U-League teams, could not enter the competition since this year, and were replaced by K5 League teams.

The draw was held on 18 February 2020.

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won their fourth FA Cup title, and qualified for the 2021 AFC Champions League group stage.
Hungnam evacuation
The Hungnam evacuation or Heungnam redeployment (Korean: 흥남 철수 작전; Hanja: 興南撤收作戰), also known as the Miracle of Christmas, was the evacuation of United Nations (UN) forces and North Korean civilians from the port of Hungnam, Hamhung, North Korea, between 15 and 24 December 1950, during the Korean War. As part of the fighting withdrawal of UN forces against the People's Volunteer Army (PVA) during the Battle of the Chosin Reservoir (27 November to 13 December), they abandoned some 59,000 square kilometers of North Korean territory to enemy forces and retreated to Hungnam, from where they were evacuated to South Korea.

1st Marine Division
The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF).

It is the oldest and largest active duty division in the United States Marine Corps, representing a combat-ready force of 22,000 personnel. It is one of three active duty divisions in the Marine Corps today and is a multi-role, expeditionary ground combat force. It is nicknamed "The Old Breed".
Baseball Joe
Baseball Joe is the fictional hero of a number of children's books written by Howard R. Garis under the name of "Lester Chadwick". The series follows the main character, a star baseball player named Joe Matson, from high school to college (at Yale University) and then to success as a professional.

The "Baseball Joe" series was produced by the Stratemeyer Syndicate and published by Cupples & Leon.  Some sources credit Edward Stratemeyer with writing unspecified books in the series  Another source cites John W. Duffield as the author of the last nine books in the series.

Howard R. Garis
Howard Roger Garis ((1873-04-25)April 25, 1873 – (1962-11-06)November 6, 1962) was an American author, best known for a series of books that featured the character of Uncle Wiggily Longears, an engaging elderly rabbit. Many of his books were illustrated by Lansing Campbell. Garis and his wife, Lilian Garis, were possibly the most prolific children's authors of the early 20th century.
Tobi 7
Tobi 6 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 8

The seventh day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 2, of the Julian calendar, and January 15, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.

Tobi 8
Tobi 7 – Coptic calendar – Tobi 9

The eighth day of the Coptic month of Tobi, the fifth month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to January 3, of the Julian calendar, and January 16, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.
Characters of the DC Extended Universe
The DC Extended Universe (DCEU) is a shared universe centered on a group of film franchises based on characters by DC Comics and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. Despite numerous film franchise in the past on characters such as Superman and Batman, none of those film series were connected. The DCEU debuted in 2013 with Man of Steel, centered on Superman, and has grown to include other characters such as Batman, Wonder Woman, and several others included in this list. The shared universe, much like the original DC Universe in the comics, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters, and crossed over with separate timelines from other DC-licensed film series in The Flash to create a "multiverse" before being largely rebooted as the new DC Universe franchise under new management from DC Studios, with the previous universe concluding in 2023 with Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom.

Mother Box
Mother Boxes are fictional devices in Jack Kirby's Fourth World setting in the DC Universe.

The Mother Boxes appeared in the feature films Justice League and Zack Snyder's Justice League of the DC Extended Universe.
Nero (comic book character)
Nero is a Flemish comic book character and the main protagonist in Marc Sleen's long running comic book strip series The Adventures of Nero (1947–2002). He is one of the most recognizable comic book characters in Belgium and comparable to Lambik from the Suske en Wiske series by Willy Vandersteen.

Nero is a middle aged, fairly obese man who is bald except for two long hairs on his head. Furthermore, he wears a huge red bow tie and has laurel leaves behind his ears, in reference to the Roman emperor Nero after whom he was named.

Nero is an anti hero. He is a complex character with many good character traits, but also many human fallities. He is sometimes stupid, lazy, naïve, egotistical and vain, but in other situations he proves himself to be clever, friendly, determined and melancholic.

Het Rattenkasteel
Het Rattenkasteel ("The Rat's Castle") is a 1948 comic book album in the Belgian comics series The Adventures of Nero by Marc Sleen. It's the fourth album in the series and acclaimed as one of Sleen's best. In the 2000s the story was collected and re-published by the Flemish newspapers Het Belang van Limburg and Gazet van Antwerpen in a special series entitled "De beste 10 volgens Marc Sleen" ("The best 10 according to Marc Sleen"), where Sleen choose his ten favorite "Nero" stories. He placed "Het Rattenkasteel" first.
Pornassio
Pornassio (Ligurian: Purnasce) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Imperia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 642 and an area of 27.7 square kilometres (10.7 sq mi).

Pornassio borders the following municipalities: Armo, Cosio di Arroscia, Montegrosso Pian Latte, Ormea, Pieve di Teco, and Rezzo.

Cosio di Arroscia
Cosio di Arroscia (Ligurian: Coxe, locally Cuxe) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Imperia.
A-frame building
An A-frame building is an architectural style of building that features steeply-angled sides (roofline) that usually begin at or near the foundation line, and meet at the top in the shape of the letter A. An A-frame ceiling can be open to the top rafters.

Although the triangle shape of the A-frame has been present throughout history, it surged in popularity around the world from roughly the mid-1950s through the 1970s. It was during the post–World War II era that the A-frame acquired its most defining characteristics.

Minka
Minka (Japanese: 民家; lit. "folk houses") are vernacular houses constructed in any one of several traditional Japanese building styles.
In the context of the four divisions of society, Minka were the dwellings of farmers, artisans, and merchants (i.e., the three non-samurai castes). This connotation no longer exists in the modern Japanese language, and any traditional Japanese-style residence of appropriate age could be referred to as Minka.

Minka are characterized by their basic structure, their roof structure, and their roof shape. Minka developed through history with distinctive styles emerging in the Edo period.
Projectile use by non-human organisms
Although projectiles are commonly used in human conflict, projectile use by organisms other than humans is relatively rare. However, some organisms are capable of using various different types of projectiles for defense or predation.

Some invertebrates are able to spit or squirt out fluids and some vertebrates also use liquid projectiles. Solid projectiles are used by various species. Tarantulas, for example, may kick off barbed hairs and several mammals have been observed to throw objects such as sand, rocks, sticks and feces. Chameleons, frogs and some salamanders have tongues that act like tethered projectiles. The pistol shrimp may emit a powerful wave of bubbles. Some plants produce seed pods that explode when touched or may fire spore capsules.

Projectile
A projectile is an object that is propelled by the application of an external force and then moves freely under the influence of gravity and air resistance. Although any objects in motion through space are projectiles, they are commonly found in warfare and sports (for example, a thrown baseball, kicked football, fired bullet, shot arrow, a ball from a cannon, stone released from catapult).

In ballistics, mathematical equations of motion are used to analyze projectile trajectories through launch, flight, and impact.
Evanston, Cincinnati
Evanston is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. A mostly African-American neighborhood since the 1960s, it is known as "the educating community", and is bordered by the neighborhoods of East Walnut Hills, Hyde Park, North Avondale, and Walnut Hills, as well as the City of Norwood. The population was 8,838 at the 2020 census.

Hyde Park, Cincinnati
Hyde Park is one of the 52 neighborhoods of Cincinnati, Ohio. Originally established as a retreat for the city's wealthy, the neighborhood is predominately residential, with a central business district known as Hyde Park Square. The population was 14,193 at the 2020 census.
2009 Glasgow North East by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Glasgow North East was held on 12 November 2009, following the resignation of incumbent member of Parliament (MP) Michael Martin both as an MP and as Speaker of the House of Commons following the MPs' expenses scandal. It was won by Willie Bain of the Labour Party with 59% of the vote.

It is general convention that mainstream political parties do not contest elections against sitting Speakers of the House of Commons. As such, Martin won the seat without his former Labour Party label since he was elected Speaker in 2000 and neither the Conservative nor Liberal Democrat parties had fought the constituency—or its predecessor, Glasgow Springburn—in either 2001 or 2005.

Just 33% of the electorate voted, which is the lowest ever percentage turnout in a Scottish by-election to the House of Commons. This was the last by-election of the 2005–2010 parliament.

Glasgow North East
Glasgow North East is a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (at Westminster). It was first contested at the 2005 general election. The current Member of Parliament (MP) is Maureen Burke of the Labour Party who gained the seat from Scottish National Party's Anne McLaughlin at the 2024 general election.
Ribeira da Garça
Ribeira da Garça is a river in the northern part of the island of Santo Antão in Cape Verde. Its source is on the north side of the eastern plateau of the island, northeast of Pico Moroços. It flows north through the settlements of Garça de Cima and Chã de Igreja, in the western part of the municipality of Ribeira Grande. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Chã de Igreja.

Garça de Cima
Garça de Cima is a settlement in the northern part of the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. It is situated in the upper valley of the river Ribeira da Garça, 15 km northwest of the island capital Porto Novo. The southernmost part lies in Moroços Natural Park.
Herlasgrün–Oelsnitz railway
The Herlasgrün–Oelsnitz railway is a branch line in the German states of Saxony, which was originally built as a section of the Voigtland State Railway from Herlasgrüner to Cheb. It starts at the junction station of Herlasgrüner on the Leipzig–Hof railway and runs via Auerbach to Falkenstein. The southern part of the line from Falkenstein via Bergen to Oelsnitz was closed in 1951.

Voigtland State Railway
The Voigtland State Railway (German: Voigtländische Staatseisenbahn, abbreviated as Voigtl. Sts. E. B.) was originally one of the lines of the Royal Saxon State Railways that was built in Vogtland, now in the German state of Saxony and the Czech Republic. The line began from the junction station of Herlasgrün on the Saxon-Bavarian Railway and ran via Falkenstein, Oelsnitz and Bad Elster to Cheb (then a mainly German speaking city called Eger in the Kingdom of Bohemia, which formed part of the Austrian Empire). Only the Herlasgrün–Falkenstein and Oelsnitz–Cheb sections are still operating.
Mirzaobod District
Mirzaobod is a district of Sirdaryo Region in Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the town Navroʻz. It has an area of 640 km2 (250 sq mi) and its population is 75,100 (2021 est.). The district consists of 2 urban-type settlements (Navroʻz, Oqoltin) and 9 rural communities.

Sirdaryo Region
Sirdaryo Region (Uzbek: Sirdaryo viloyati) is one of the regions of Uzbekistan, located in the center of the country on the left bank of Syr Darya River. It borders with Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Tashkent Region, and Jizzakh Region. It covers an area of 4,276 square kilometres (1,651 sq mi), and is mostly desert, with the Mirzachoʻl taking up a significant part of the region's area. The population is estimated to be 860,900 (2021).

The capital is the city of Guliston (pop. est. 91,300, 2021). Other cities and towns include Baxt, Boyovut, Farhod, Qahramon, Sayxun, Sirdaryo, Khavast, Shirin and Yangiyer.
Monte Cremasco
Monte Cremasco (Cremish: Mucc) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Milan and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Cremona.

Monte Cremasco borders the following municipalities: Crespiatica, Dovera, Palazzo Pignano, Pandino, Vaiano Cremasco.

Pandino
Pandino (Cremasco: Pandì) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Milan and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Cremona.

Pandino borders the following municipalities: Agnadello, Dovera, Monte Cremasco, Palazzo Pignano, Rivolta d'Adda, Spino d'Adda. The Castello Visconteo, built by Bernabò Visconti around 1355 as a hunting residence, stands near the center of town.

The scene in the film Call Me By Your Name where Elio conveys his feelings for Oliver was shot in a single take at the war memorial in Piazza Vittorio Emanuele. Scenes were also shot outside Visconti Castle.
STE-QUEST
Space-Time Explorer and Quantum Equivalence Principle Space Test (STE-QUEST) was a proposed satellite mission to test the Einstein Equivalence Principle to high precision and search for new fundamental constituents and interactions in the Universe. It was supposed to contain an atom interferometer.

It was selected in 2011 for an initial assessment phase as one of the five candidates of the European Space Agency's Cosmic Vision program.

On February 19, 2014, the PLATO mission was selected in favour of the other candidates in the programme, including STE-QUEST.

Cosmic Vision
Cosmic Vision is the third campaign of space science and space exploration missions in the Science Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). Formulated in 2005 as Cosmic Vision: Space Science for Europe 2015–2025, the campaign succeeded the Horizon 2000 Plus campaign and envisioned a number of missions in the fields of astronomy and solar system exploration beyond 2015. Ten missions across four funding categories are planned to be launched under Cosmic Vision, with the first being CHEOPS in December 2019. A mission to the Galilean moons (JUICE), the first deep space mission with an opportunistic target (Comet Interceptor), and one of the first gravitational-wave space observatories (LISA), are planned for launch as part of the Cosmic Vision campaign.