hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wollmatinger Ried
The nature reserve of Wollmatinger Ried – Untersee – Gnadensee is a protected area on the shores of Lake Constance in Germany. It has an area of 767 hectares and is the largest and most important nature reserve on the German side of Lake Constance. It is rich in plant and animal species and extends from the banks of the Seerhein river west of Constance via the causeway to the Island of Reichenau in the Untersee to the eastern Gnadensee near Allensbach-Hegne. The nearby offshore islands of  Triboldingerbohl (Langenrain) and Mittler or Langbohl (Kopf) are part of the reserve.

Seerhein
The Seerhein (lit. 'Rhine of the lake(s)'; cf. Rheinsee) is a river about 4.3 km (2.7 mi) long, in the basin of Lake Constance (German: Bodensee). It is the outflow of the Upper Lake Constance and the main tributary of the Lower Lake Constance. The water level of the Lower Lake is about 30 cm (12 in) below the level of the Upper Lake. It is considered part of the river Rhine, which flows into Lake Constance as the Alpine Rhine and flows out of the Lower Lake as the High Rhine.

The Seerhein arose after the last ice age (the Würm glaciation, about 9650 BCE). Some time after this period, the water level of Lake Constance gradually dropped by about ten metres and the shallow parts fell dry.  Some parts of the Seerhein still have a lake-like character.

The border between Germany and Switzerland runs along the river within its lower stretch; the German city of Konstanz (Constance), the largest community on the river, is situated on both sides of the upper part of the Seerhein.
Adana (raga)
Adana is an Indian raag. It is also called Adana Kanada. It is often sung or played in drut laya after a vilambit composition in raga Darbari Kanada, as Adana is straighter than Darbari in its chalan, thus allowing faster passages. The flow of this raga is similar to a mix of Madhumad Sarang / Megh and Darbari. Another common vivadi some artists use sparingly is shuddha nishad which enhances the Saranga mood of the raga.

Darbari Kanada
Darbari Kanada, or simply Raga Darbari (pronounced darbāri kānada), is a raga in Hindustani music. It is a janya ragam (derived scale) of 20th Melakarta raga Natabhairavi. It is believed to be borrowed into Hindustani classical music by Miyan Tansen, the famous 16th-century composer in the Mughal emperor Akbar's court. It belongs to the Kanada family. It is believed that the Mughal emperor Akbar was very fond of this raaga. Hence often made Miyan Tansen sing this raaga in his court. This is reflected in the name itself; Darbar is the Persian derived word in Hindi meaning "court." As the most familiar raga in the Kanada family, it may sometimes also be called Shuddha Kanada or pure Kanada. It belongs to the Asavari thaat. This raag is called raaga Kaanada in Yakshagana Karnataka state dance. It is also sometimes written as Durbari and Durbarikanada.
One (rapper)
Jung Jae-won (Korean: 정제원; born March 29, 1994), better known by stage name One (stylized as ONE), is a South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter, and actor. He debuted in 2015 as a member of the former hip-hop duo 1Punch with Kim Samuel. The following year he moved to YG Entertainment from D-Business Entertainment. In 2019, Jaewon left YG Entertainment and since moved under his own record label Private Only. He is well known for appearing on the fourth and fifth season of Show Me the Money, as well as appearances on dramas such as A Korean Odyssey (2017), Room No. 9 (2018), and Her Private Life (2019).

1Punch
1Punch (Korean: 원펀치) was a South Korean duo formed by Brave Entertainment in Seoul, South Korea, consisting of One and Punch (now known as Samuel). They debuted on January 23, 2015, with their single "Turn Me Back" (돌려놔) from the single album The Anthem. The duo ultimately disbanded after One signed with YG Entertainment. Both members debuted as solo artists in 2017.
Mohsen Kadivar
Mohsen Kadivar (Persian: محسن کدیور; born 8 June 1959) is a mujtahid, Islamic theologian, philosopher, writer, leading intellectual reformist, and research professor of Islamic Studies at Duke University. A political Iranian dissident, Kadivar has been a vocal critic of the doctrine of clerical rule, also known as Velayat-e Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist), and a strong advocate of democratic and liberal reforms in Iran as well as constructional reform in understanding of shari'a and Shi'a theology. Kadivar has served time in prison in Iran for his political activism and beliefs.

Tarbiat Modares University
Tarbiat Modares University (Persian: دانشگاه تربیت مدرس: Dāneshgāh-e Tarbiyat Modarres, lit. "Professor Training University") is a graduate public university located in Tehran, Iran. Tarbiat students have participated in several protests over the years. In 1999, a Basij crackdown on protestors in which the Basij killed a student led to a wave of protests which were repressed by Iranian security forces.
Conference for Friendship of Overseas Chinese Associations
The Conference for Friendship of Overseas Chinese Associations (Chinese: 世界华侨华人社团联谊大会), hosted by the All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese and United Front Work Department’s Overseas Chinese Affairs Office, is a global platform for leaders of major overseas Chinese community organizations.

Overseas Chinese Affairs Office
The Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council (OCAO) is an external name of the United Front Work Department (UFWD) of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Prior to 2018, OCAO was an administrative office under the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for liaising with and influencing overseas Chinese as part of its united front efforts. Due to the 2018 party and government reform in China, OCAO was merged into the UFWD, with its functions being taken up by the department. Under the arrangement "one institution with two names", UFWD reserves the name "Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council", generally used when dealing in public statements and dealing with the outside world.
Oregon Route 62
Oregon Route 62 is an Oregon state highway that runs between the city of Medford, and U.S. Route 97 between Chiloquin and Klamath Falls. The highway approaches Crater Lake National Park from the south, and is known as the Crater Lake Highway. While the highway is signed east-to-west, it is in reality shaped somewhat like a horseshoe; heading north-northeast from Medford, turning east as it approaches the park, and then turning south-southeast as it approaches Klamath Falls. Oregon Route 140 intersects with OR 62 in White City and Oregon Route 66 (which runs directly between Ashland and Klamath Falls). These are more direct routes between Medford and Klamath Falls. Route 62 comprises a portion of the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway.

Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway
The Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway is a scenic byway and All-American Road in the U.S. states of California and Oregon. It is roughly 500 miles (800 km) long and travels north–south along the Cascade Range past numerous volcanoes. It is composed of two separate National Scenic Byways, the Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway - Oregon and Volcanic Legacy Scenic Byway - California. The former includes Rim Drive within Crater Lake National Park, while the latter wholly includes the Lassen Scenic Byway within Lassen Volcanic National Park.
Cheraw (dance)
Cheraw dance is a traditional bamboo dance performed by the Mizo people of Mizoram, India, consisting of mostly six to eight people holding pairs of bamboo staves on another horizontally placed bamboo on the ground. The dance is considered one of the oldest known Mizo dances, with origins possibly dating to the 1st century AD, during the era before the Kuki-Mizo migration into the Chin Hills and later Mizoram.

Mizoram set a Guinness World Record in 2010, when over 10,736 dancers performed Cheraw in unison for eight minutes on a 3 km stretch in Aizawl.

Mizo culture
The culture of the Mizo people has been heavily influenced by Christianity during the colonial era of the British Raj and the rise of Mizo nationalism with the Mizo Insurgency of 1966-1986. Mizo culture is rooted in the arts and ways of life of Mizos in India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Mizo culture has developed in plurality with historical settlements and migrations starting from Southern China to the Shan states of Burma, the Kabaw valley and the state of Mizoram under the British and Indian administrations.

Despite significant westernization of Mizo culture due to Christianity and British influence, efforts have been made to revive pre-missionary traditions such as Chapchâr kût.
The Chieftains
The Chieftains were a traditional Irish folk band formed in Dublin in  1962, by Paddy Moloney, Seán Potts and Michael Tubridy. Their sound, which is almost entirely instrumental and largely built around uilleann pipes, has become synonymous with traditional Irish music. They are regarded as having helped popularise Irish music around the world. They have won six Grammy Awards during their career and they were given a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. Some music experts have credited The Chieftains with bringing traditional Irish music to a worldwide audience, so much so that the Irish government awarded them the honorary title of 'Ireland's Musical Ambassadors' in 1989.

Paddy Moloney
Paddy Moloney (Irish: Pádraig Ó Maoldomhnaigh; 1 August 1938 – 12 October 2021) was an Irish musician, composer, and record producer. He co-founded and led the Irish musical group the Chieftains, playing on all of their 44 albums. He was particularly associated with the revival of the uilleann pipes.
Chalcodryidae
The Chalcodryidae are a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It contains at least five species in two genera Chalcodrya and Philpottia, which are endemic to New Zealand. They are generally found associated with moss or lichen covered branches, with the larvae having been found to be associated with dead twigs. They are likely noctural, feeding on lichen and other plant material at night. The genera Sirrhas and Onysius, formerly placed in this family, have subsequently been transferred to Promecheilidae.

Promecheilidae
Promecheilidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. Perimylopidae is considered a synonym. They are found in southern South America and associated archipelagos like South Georgia and the Falklands, New Zealand and Tasmania. Some species are associated tree ferns and moss-covered dead wood, and other forested habitats, while others are associated with peat bogs, grasslands and coastal habitats. They are probably phytophagus, feeding on lichen, moss, and other plant material.

Adult beetles have an 11 segmented antenna, the head is narrowed behind the eye. They have a tarsal formula of 5-5-4. The family is part of a clade that includes the Archeocrypticidae, Mycetophagidae, and Ulodidae.
Flag of Victoria, British Columbia
The flag of Victoria, British Columbia, is light blue with the city's coat of arms in the centre. The flag was adopted in 1966 by the city council.

An alternate flag is sometimes seen, which consists of the city's official wordmark on a white field.

The flag flying outside Victoria's City Hall.  This example incorrectly reverses the red and the blue in the shield of the coat of arms.

The alternate flag flying in Victoria's Centennial Park

Coat of arms of Victoria, British Columbia
The coat of arms of the city of Victoria was granted in 1962, and then subsequently registered with the Canadian Heraldic Authority in 2005. While the city employs a logo for common use, the arms are reserved for legal documents and for more historical or traditional purposes and events.
Pescosolido
Pescosolido (Italian pronunciation: [pɛskoˈsɔːlido, - pe-]; locally Pesc'tësòllërë) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Frosinone in the Italian region Lazio, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Rome and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Frosinone.

Pescosolido borders the following municipalities: Balsorano, Campoli Appennino, Sora, Villavallelonga.

Sora, Lazio
Sora (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɔːra]) is a town and comune of Lazio, Italy, in the province of Frosinone. It is built in a plain on the banks of the Liri. This part of the valley is the seat of some important manufacturing, especially of paper mills. The area around Sora is famous for the costumes of its peasants.
Baharo Phool Barsao
Baharo Phool Barsao (transl. Shower Flowers O Spring), is a 1972 Pakistani Urdu-language romance film produced and directed by Indian director Mehmood Sadiq (a.k.a. M. Sadiq). He had come from India to produce and direct this film, but died halfway through its production. It was later completed by the Pakistani film director Hassan Tariq.

It cast Waheed Murad, Rani, Rukhsana, Munawar Zarif, Saiqa, Kamal Irani, Tamanna, Ilyas Kashmiri, Aslam Pervaiz and Sangeeta (as guest star). The film is based on India's Lucknow culture.

Masood Rana
Masood Rana 
(Urdu: مسعُود رانا; 6 August 1941 – 4 October 1995) was a Pakistani film playback singer. He began his singing career in 1962 with the film Inqalab, became one of the top male singers in Urdu and Punjabi films for more than three decades and remained a busy singer until his death in 1995.

Rana still holds the record for singing over 300 film songs each in Urdu and Punjabi, a record he shared with Ahmed Rushdi and Noor Jehan.
13th Canadian Infantry Brigade
The 13th Canadian Infantry Brigade was a formation of the Canadian Army that served in both World Wars. During World War I, the brigade formed part of the 5th Canadian Division. However, the 13th Brigade never saw combat as the brigade along with the 5th Canadian Division was broken up to provide reinforcements to the 4 other divisions of the Canadian Corps. During the Second World War, the brigade formed part of the 6th Canadian Infantry Division serving on the west coast in the home defence role and in June 1943, the brigade took part in Operation Cottage on Kiska during the Aleutian Islands campaign.

6th Canadian Infantry Division
The 6th Canadian Infantry Division was an infantry division of the Canadian Army, formed in 1942 during the Second World War. It was attached to Pacific Command. The division had a brigade sent to the Aleutian Islands Campaign, particularly at Kiska, but never saw action. The 6th Division was to have been part of a proposed Commonwealth Corps, formed for a planned invasion of Japan, but was disbanded on 31 January 1946, after the surrender of Japan in August 1945.
Maquis de Fontjun
The Maquis de Fontjun was one of the maquis networks of French resistance fighters against the German occupation during World War II. The Fontjun maquis was active in the west of the Hérault département, between Saint-Pons and Béziers.

Maquis (World War II)
The Maquis (French pronunciation: [maki] ⓘ) were rural guerrilla bands of French and Belgian Resistance fighters, called maquisards, during World War II. Initially, they were composed of young, mostly working-class men who had escaped into the mountains and forests to avoid conscription into Vichy France's Service du travail obligatoire (STO; 'Compulsory Work Service') which provided forced labor for Germany. To avoid capture and deportation to Germany, they became increasingly organized into active resistance groups.

They had an estimated 25,000 to 40,000 members in autumn of 1943 and approximately 100,000 members in June 1944.
Iris subg. Nepalensis
Iris subg. Nepalensis is one subgenus of Iris, also known as 'Himalayan irises'. It was formerly genus Junopsis.

The irises have fleshy-like roots very similar to a day lily (Hemerocallis). They are best grown in a semi-shady spot in a bulb frame. Most bulbs in the subgenus are found in the Himalayas and Yunnan region.

Only four species are known.

Iris decora Wall.

Iris colletti Hook.

Iris staintonii H Hara

Iris barbatula  Noltie & K.Y.Guan

Iris (plant)
Iris is a flowering plant genus of 310 accepted species with showy flowers. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also widely used as a common name for all Iris species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is flags, while the plants of the subgenus Scorpiris are widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.

The often-segregated, monotypic genera Belamcanda (blackberry lily, I. domestica), Hermodactylus (snake's head iris, I. tuberosa), and Pardanthopsis (vesper iris, I. dichotoma) are currently included in Iris.

Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
Kurt Tibbetts
Darwin Kurt Tibbetts, OBE (born 2 March 1954) is a Caymanian politician and former Leader of Government Business in the Cayman Islands. Tibbetts served as leader of the People's Progressive Movement party from  August 2002 – February 2011. Tibbetts served as an elected member for the district of George Town, serving six terms in the Legislative Assembly of the Cayman Islands.

Alden McLaughlin
Sir Alden McNee McLaughlin Jr., KCMG MBE KC JP MP (born 6 September 1961) is a Caymanian politician, former Premier of the Cayman Islands and former Speaker of Parliament of the Cayman Islands. McLaughlin previously served as leader of the People's Progressive Movement party from February 2011 to March 2021. McLaughlin was the elected member for the Red Bay Constituency in George Town between 2000 and 2025. McLaughlin decided not to seek re-election in the 2025 General Election.
National Rendezvous and Living History Foundation
The National Rendezvous and Living History Foundation (NRLHF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization which holds rendezvous across the United States for the period between 1640 and 1840 AD, or roughly during the heyday of the North American fur trade.  Its unofficial motto, according to its website is, "Formed for the management of the rendezvous program by rendezvous people."

National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association
The National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association (NMLRA) is the largest membership based association in the sport of muzzleloading in the United States. The Association was founded in 1933 and is known for leading the effort to preserve the history of the United States through muzzleloading shooting sports & living history events.
Amoral (band)
Amoral was a Finnish heavy metal band from Helsinki, formed in 1997. They released seven studio albums between 2004 and 2016. The band's fourth album, Show Your Colors, was an about-turn, replacing the dominance of death metal with progressive, technical and melodic metal and the occasional sing-along chorus. Amoral performed extensively in bars, clubs, festivals and other venues in Finland, Europe, Japan, China, Philippines and the US. The band split up in 2017 after 20 years together.

Tuska Open Air Metal Festival
Tuska Festival, (previously Tuska Open Air Metal Festival), commonly shortened to Tuska (Finnish: pain, agony), is a Finnish heavy metal festival taking place annually in Helsinki. The first Tuska took place in 1998 and the festival has since grown larger every year. The location of the festival has been in Kaisaniemi park in the middle of the city from 2001. However, since 2011, Tuska has taken place at the Suvilahti event field in the Kalasatama neighbourhood of the Sörnäinen district. The festival dates have always been in either June or July.

In recent years the attendance has grown and the festival has drawn up to 63,000 people in 2023. In 2006, the festival was almost sold out and over a combined three-day total of 33,000 attendees arrived to watch 32 artists, including for example Anathema, Celtic Frost, Opeth, Sodom, Venom, and Finland's own Amorphis and Sonata Arctica.

In 2024 there were four stages named Karhu Main Stage, Radio City Stage, Open Air Stage II and KVLT Stage.
Lomena
The Lomena is a river in Lithuania, constituting a left tributary of the Neris.  It starts in Vladikiškės, Kaišiadorys District Municipality and ends in Tartokas, Jonava District Municipality, Lithuania.

The 32-km long Lomena passes through  Stasiūnai, Gudiena, Kaišiadorys, Palomenė, Bagdoniškės, Lomeniai, Tartokas settlements. The river's lower course is protected by the Lomena Landscape Sanctuary.

The hydronym Lomena derives from Lithuanian word loma ('trough, depression, valley') although its older attested form, written in Polish as Łowmiana could suggest that it may derive from the word laumė ('a mythical being').

Neris
The river Neris (pronunciationⓘ) or Vilija (Belarusian: Ві́лія, romanized: Vilija, Polish: Wilia) rises in northern Belarus. It flows westward, passing through Vilnius (Lithuania's capital) and in the south-centre of that country it flows into the Nemunas (Neman) from the right bank, at Kaunas, as its main tributary. Its length is 510 km (320 mi).

After passing through Belarus for 276 km (171 mi), the Neris flows through Lithuania for a further 235 km (146 mi).

The Neris connects successive Lithuanian capitals – Kernavė and Vilnius. Along its banks are the burial places of the pagan Lithuanians. At 25 km (16 mi) from Vilnius there is are old Karmazinai Hillfort and Karmazinai burial mound.
Bogomil (name)
Bogomil (Cyrillic: Богомил) is a given name of Slavic origin. It is composed of the Slavic words 'bog' (god) and 'mil' (dear) and means 'dear to God' or 'favoured by God'.

The Polish form of the name is Bogumił, the Czech and Slovak form is Bohumil. Its feminine equivalents are Bogomila, Bogumiła, Bohumila. The sound change of 'g' > 'h' occurred in Ukrainian, Belarusian, Czech and Slovak.

Names with meaning "dear to god" in different languages include Latin Amadeus, Serbian Bogoljub, Greek Theophilus (which gave rise to "Theophil") and German Gottlieb, as well as a Russian surname Bogolyubov.

Amadeus (name)
Amadeus is a theophoric given name derived from the Latin words ama – the imperative of the word amare ("to love") – and deus ("god"). As a linguistic compound in the form of a phereoikos, the name can be taken to mean either "love of God", in other words, that the person is loved by God or "one who loves God".

The best-known bearer of the name is the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart who had it as his middle name.
Goathland Bank Top railway station
Goathland Bank Top was a short lived, early, railway station in Goathland, North Yorkshire, England.  The station at the top of the Beckhole Incline (sometimes referred to as the Goathland Incline) was opened with the opening throughout of the Whitby and Pickering Railway (W&P) on Thursday 26 May 1836. The station closed with the opening of the NER's Deviation line (which bypassed the by then anachronistic cable worked incline) on 1 July 1865. Thus, the station had a life of less than thirty years.
A new Goathland station (initially called Goathland Mill to distinguish it from the earlier station) was opened on the deviation line.

Beckhole Incline
Beckhole Incline was a steep, rope-worked gradient on the railway line between Whitby and Pickering, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England. Opened in May 1836 as part of the horse-worked Whitby & Pickering Railway, the line was operated by three railway companies before becoming redundant on the opening of a diversionary line to the east that allowed through working by steam engines on the entire line. Although the incline was closed to regular traffic in 1865, it was used for a very brief period in 1872, to test a special locomotive intended for railways with steep gradients.

The site of the incline can now be walked, as part of the Rail Trail between Goathland and Grosmont.