hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Nuer
The Nuer: A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People is an ethnographical study by the British anthropologist E. E. Evans-Pritchard (1902–73) first published in 1940. The work examined the political and familial systems of the Nuer people in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and is considered a landmark work of social anthropology. It was the first of three books authored by Evans-Pritchard on Nuer culture.

Nuer people
The Nuer people are a Nilotic ethnic group concentrated in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. They also live in the Ethiopian region of Gambella. The Nuer speak the Nuer language, which belongs to the Nilotic language family. They are the second-largest ethnic group in South Sudan and the largest ethnic group in Gambella, Ethiopia. The Nuer people are pastoralists who herd cattle for a living. Their cattle serve as companions and define their lifestyle. The Nuer call themselves "Naath".
Railway track
Railway track (CwthE and UIC terminology) or railroad track (NAmE), also known as permanent way (per way) (CwthE) or "P way" (BrE and Indian English), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers (railroad ties in American English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade. It enables trains to move by providing a dependable, low-friction surface on which steel wheels can roll. Early tracks were constructed with wooden or cast-iron rails, and wooden or stone sleepers. Since the 1870s, rails have almost universally been made from steel.

Subgrade
In transport engineering, subgrade is the term used in the US for the native material underneath a constructed road, pavement or railway track (US: railroad track). In British English it is called formation level.

The subgrade provides support to the subbase level and acts as an integral load-bearing layer. Failure of the subgrade can cause depressions and rutting of the upper base and surface courses. These in turn can lead to water pooling in deformations and cause vehicle aquaplaning among other issues.

The term can also refer to imported material that has been used to build an embankment.
Rutelinae
Rutelinae or shining leaf chafers is a subfamily of the scarab beetles (family Scarabaeidae). It is a very diverse group; distributed over most of the world, it contains some 200 genera with over 4,000 described species in 7 tribes. Several taxa have yet to be described. A few recent classifications include the tribe Hopliini, but this is not generally accepted.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
DTX (TV channel)
DTX (previously known as Discovery Turbo Xtra) was a television channel focused on programming about cars available in Poland and owned by Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA. It is a version of Discovery Turbo. A pan-regional feed was also available in most of EMEA region from 2015 until it ceased broadcasting in January 2024.

DTX and Discovery Science ceased operations in all EMEA markets except Poland on 31 December 2023, with Almost complete network shutdowns by January 2024.

Discovery Turbo
Discovery Turbo (previously known as Discovery Turbo MAX in Australia) is a pay television channel devoted to programming about transport. It is similar to Discovery Velocity and Motor Trend. It was also briefly available as an on-demand service in the US in the late 2000s.
North Caucasus Military District
The North Caucasus Military District was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces from 1992-2010. Before 1992 it had been part of the Soviet Armed Forces since 1918. In 2010 it became the Southern Military District and lately also included the Black Sea Fleet and Caspian Flotilla.

It comprised the Republic of Adygeya, the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Karachay–Cherkess Republic, the Republic of North Osetia-Alaniya, the Chechen Republic, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, and Astrakhan, Volgograd, and Rostov oblasts. It has the same borders as the Southern Federal District. Its last commander was Lieutenant General Alexander Galkin, appointed from January 2010.

58th Guards Combined Arms Army
The 58th Guards Combined Arms Army (Russian: 58-я гвардейская общевойсковая армия) is an army of the Russian Ground Forces, headquartered at Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia-Alania, within Russia's Southern Military District. It was formed in 1941 as part of the Soviet Union's Red Army and has been part of the Russian Army since 1995. It has the Military Unit Number (в/ч) is 47084.
Allentown, Pennsylvania
Allentown is a city in eastern Pennsylvania, United States. The county seat of Lehigh County, it is the third-most populous city in Pennsylvania, with a population of 125,845 as of the 2020 census. It is also the most populous city in the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the nation as of 2020.

Founded in 1762, Allentown is located on the Lehigh River, a 109-mile-long (175 km) tributary of the Delaware River. It is the largest of three adjacent cities, including Bethlehem and Easton in Lehigh and Northampton counties, in the Lehigh Valley region. Allentown is located 48 miles (77 km) north of Philadelphia and 78 miles (126 km) west of New York City.

Center City Allentown
Center City Allentown is the downtown and central business district of Allentown, Pennsylvania, the third-largest city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It has a dense population and is currently undergoing an urban revitalization process.
East Neuk
The East Neuk (/iːst njuːk/ ⓘ) or East Neuk of Fife is an area of the coast of Fife, Scotland.

"Neuk" is the Scots word for nook or corner, and the East Neuk is generally accepted to comprise the fishing villages of the most northerly part of the Firth of Forth and the land and villages slightly inland. It would include Lundin Links, Elie and Earlsferry, Colinsburgh, St Monans, Pittenweem, Arncroach, Carnbee, Anstruther, Cellardyke, Kilrenny, Crail, and the immediate hinterland, as far as the upland area known as the Riggin o Fife.

The area houses a Cold War era bunker near Crail. Built in the late 1950s to be a regional seat of government in the event of a nuclear war, it is now a tourist attraction.

Riggin o Fife
56°16′N 2°50′W﻿ / ﻿56.27°N 2.83°W﻿ / 56.27; -2.83

The Riggin o Fife is an upland area of Fife, Scotland which runs eastward from the Markinch Gap and the Howe of Fife to form the elevated hinterland to the coastal villages of the East Neuk. At 290 m, Largo Law is the highest hill, with other high points including Clatto Hill (248 m), Drumcarrow Craig (217 m), Flagstaff Hill  (207 m), Kellie Law (182 m) and Hill of Tarvit (211 m). The area is rural, populated by farms and hamlets, with a few small villages, such as Largoward and Peat Inn.

Riggin denotes a high ridge, the roof, the backbone, the exposed parts or the watershed.

William Wilkie, agriculturalist and professor of natural philosophy at the University of St Andrews, conducted successful experiments in moorland farming at his farm at Cameron.

From 1898 to 1964, the Riggin was served by the East Fife Central Railway mineral and goods line.

The area lends its name to a pipe jig.
Stefan Vogenauer
Stefan Vogenauer (born 1968 in Eutin) is a German legal scholar who is the director of the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History. He was previously Linklaters Professor of Comparative Law at the University of Oxford.

Vogenauer’s research focuses primarily on comparative law, European legal history, transnational commercial law, and legal methodology. His further research interests include legal transplants between common law jurisdictions and the legal history of the European Union.

Professor of Comparative Law (Oxford)
The Professorship of Comparative Law is a chair in law at the University of Oxford. The current holder of the chair is Lionel Smith.

The chair was founded as the Professorship of Comparative Law in 1948 and was the first chair of comparative law created in the United Kingdom. The chair is linked with a Professorial Fellowship at Brasenose College, Oxford. In 2013, the chair was renamed from Professorship of Comparative Law to Linklaters Professorship of Comparative Law "in recognition of Linklaters' support for Law in Oxford". After the funding arrangement expired at the end of 2017, the chair reverted to its original name on 1 January 2018.
Gloucester Harbour Trustees
The Gloucester Harbour Trustees are the competent harbour authority (CHA) for the tidal part of the River Severn from the Gloucester weirs (Llanthony and Maisemore) down to seaward of the Second Severn Crossing, on the Welsh side of the Severn Estuary (north of Denny Island) from the Second Severn Crossing as far as Goldcliff, and on the River Wye up to its tidal limit (Bigsweir).

Sharpness, Gloucestershire
Sharpness (/ʃɑːrpˈnɛs/ sharp-NESS) is a port in the civil parish of Hinton, in the Stroud district, in Gloucestershire, England, one of the most inland in Britain, and eighth largest in the South West England region. It is on the River Severn at grid reference SO669027, at a point where the tidal range, though less than at Avonmouth downstream (14 metres (46 ft) typical spring tide), is still large (10 metres (33 ft) typical spring).

There is a small community of approximately 100 residents directly adjacent to the port, in addition to the subvillage of Newtown approximately 0.5 miles to the south-east. Four miles to the south lies the small town of Berkeley.
School of Broadcasting & Communication
The School of Broadcasting & Communication (SBC) is a part of the 'Society for Arts & Mass Communication', a non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO) registered under 'Registrar of Firms and Societies Act, 1973', of the government of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in Mumbai.

The school is affiliated to Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication, Asia's only journalism university, established at the behest of India's former Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi. The vice president of India is the 'Kuladhyaksha' of the University. The Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh is the Chairman of the General Council, which is the supreme decision-making authority. The council includes a member of Lok Sabha, a member of Rajya Sabha, Chairman of the Press Council of India, ten members representing different states of the country-five of them appointed by the chief ministers and five representing five Indian languages.

Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication
Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication (MCNUJC), also known as Makhanlal Chaturvedi Rashtriya Patrakarita Evam Sanchar Vishwavidyalaya or in short Makhanlal University (Mākhanlāl Viśvavidhālaya), is a public university in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. It is named  after Makhan Lal Chaturvedi, a freedom fighter, poet and journalist, and was established in 1992 by the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly. It is India's first university for journalism and mass communication.

The university is approved by University Grants Commission and is a member of the Association of Indian Universities and the Association of Commonwealth Universities.
1960 Muskingum Fighting Muskies football team
The 1960 Muskingum Fighting Muskies football team was an American football team that represented Muskingum University of New Concord, Ohio, as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1960 college football season. In their 16th season under head coach Ed Sherman, the Fighting Muskies compiled a perfect 9–0 record (7–0 against OAC opponents), won the OAC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 425 to 39.

The 1960 season was one of four perfect seasons in Muskingum football history, along with 1926, 1931, and 1955. The delta of 386 points between points scored and points allowed during the 1960 season was the largest in Muskingum football history.

The team played its home games at McConagha Stadium in New Concord, Ohio.

1926 Muskingum Fighting Muskies football team
The 1926 Muskingum Fighting Muskies football team was an American football team that represented Muskingum University of New Concord, Ohio, as a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1926 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Bill Lange, the Fighting Muskies compiled a perfect 9–0 record (7–0 against OAC opponents), won the OAC championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 178 to 68.

The 1926 season was the first perfect season in Muskingum football history. Additional perfect seasons followed in 1931, 1955, and 1960.
Beheaded (album)
Beheaded is the second studio album by Texas-based indie rock band Bedhead, released 1996 through Trance Syndicate. The album was released in the United Kingdom through Rough Trade, and was reissued on compact disc format through Touch & Go Records on February 20, 2001, along with the band's other two albums WhatFunLifeWas and Transaction de Novo. The album was included in the Numero Group's 2014 boxset 1992–1998 and was also released separately on LP format.

1992–1998
1992–1998 (also known as Bedhead: 1992–1998) is a compilation boxed set by the American band Bedhead containing all three of their studio albums as well as early singles and extended plays. It was released on November 11, 2014, by the Numero Group. The boxset was released on compact disc and vinyl formats, with the LP edition being limited to 2,000 copies. Along with the release of this boxset, all three Bedhead albums were also released separately on LP formats; however, this set's fourth disc, Singles/EPs/B-Sides, is exclusive to this release only.
Tokmak
Tokmak (Ukrainian: Токмак, IPA: [tokˈmɑk]) is a small city in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, in south-central Ukraine. It stands on the Tokmak River, a tributary of the Molochna. It is the administrative centre of the Tokmak urban hromada, and was the centre of the Tokmak Raion until that was disestablished in 2020. Its pre-war population was approximately 29,573 (2022 estimate).

Tokmak has been occupied by Russia since early March 2022.

Tokmak Solar Energy
Tokmak Solar Energy is the largest solar power plant in Ukraine, with total area of 96 hectares (100 soccer fields) and the power capacity of 50 MW. It is located on the north side of the city of Tokmak in Zaporizhzhia Oblast. It was initially reported that it was dismantled and stolen by Russian soldiers when they occupied the city of Tokmak in Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, however, this was not confirmed, apart from being partly damaged.
1997 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1997 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1997. Republican nominee John H. Hager defeated Democratic nominee Lewis F. Payne Jr. with 50.16% of the vote. This was the first time since 1973 that a Republican was elected lieutenant governor of Virginia.

1973 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1973 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1973. Republican nominee John N. Dalton defeated Democratic nominee James Harry Michael Jr. with 53.96 percent of the vote. This was the last time until 1997 that a Republican was elected lieutenant governor of Virginia.
Zokor
Zokors are Asiatic burrowing rodents resembling mole-rats. They include two genera: Myospalax and Eospalax.  Zokors are native to much of China, Kazakhstan, and Siberian Russia.

Traditionally, zokors were thought to be closely related to either hamsters (Cricetinae) or voles (Arvicolinae), but recent molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated they are more closely related to blind mole-rats (Spalacinae) and root and bamboo rats (Rhizomyinae) in the family Spalacidae.  It appears that one of the first important evolutionary splits in muroid rodents is between burrowing forms and nonburrowing forms.

Unlike the other spalacids, which primarily use their incisors, zokors use their powerful front claws for digging.  They have small eyes and no external ears.  Zokors feed on plant matter such as tubers and seeds.

Arvicolinae
The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats.  They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae (comprising the hamsters and New World rats and mice).  Some authorities place the subfamily Arvicolinae in the family Muridae along with all other members of the superfamily Muroidea.  Some refer to the subfamily as the Microtinae (yielding the adjective "microtine") or rank the taxon as a full family, the Arvicolidae.

The Arvicolinae are the most populous group of Rodentia in the Northern Hemisphere.  They often are found in fossil occlusions of bones cached by past predators such as owls and other birds of prey.  Fossils of this group are often used for biostratigraphic dating of paleontological and archeological sites in North America and Europe.
Valley of the Seven Castles
The Valley of the Seven Castles (Luxembourgish: Dall vun de siwe Schlässer; French: Vallée des sept châteaux) is an informal name given to the Äischdall, the valley of the Eisch river, in central Luxembourg.  The valley stretches from the confluence with the Alzette upstream to Steinfort, on the border with Belgium. The entire route can be traversed in about an hour by car, starting near the town of Arlon on the Belgian/Luxembourg border. There is also a 37-kilometre footpath that takes hikers along the valley and past the castles.

It is named after the group of seven castles that line its route.  Those seven castles are (in order, heading upstream):

Mersch

Schoenfels

Hollenfels

Ansembourg Castle

New Castle of Ansembourg

Septfontaines

Koerich Castle

Mersch Castle

Schoenfels Castle

Hollenfels Castle

Old castle, Ansembourg

New castle, Ansembourg

Septfontaines Castle

Koerich Castle

Valley of the Seven Castles Map

New Castle of Ansembourg
The New Castle of Ansembourg (French: Grand Château d'Ansembourg), in central Luxembourg is one of the castles belonging to the Valley of the Seven Castles. Located about one kilometre or just over half a mile below the Old Castle of Ansembourg, it was built by the industrialist Thomas Bidart in 1639.
Bryan County, Georgia
Bryan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,738. The county seat is Pembroke.

Bryan County is part of the Savannah, Georgia metropolitan statistical area.

The Bryan County Courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Interstate 16
Interstate 16 (I-16), also known as Jim Gillis Historic Savannah Parkway, is an east–west Interstate Highway located entirely within the US state of Georgia. It carries the hidden designation of State Route 404 (SR 404) for its entire length. I-16 travels from downtown Macon, at an interchange with I-75 and SR 540 to downtown Savannah at Montgomery Street (exit 167B). It also passes through or near the communities of Dublin, Metter, and Pooler. I-16's unsigned designation of SR 404 has a spur that is signed in Savannah.

The westernmost segment in Macon is part of the Fall Line Freeway, a highway that connects Columbus and Augusta. This segment may also be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of I-14, which is currently entirely within Central Texas and may be extended to Augusta.

All of I-16 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of routes determined to be the most important for the nation's economy, mobility, and defense.
Movement for Multi-Party Democracy
The Movement for Multi-party Democracy (MMD) (renamed the New Nation Party in November 2025) is a political party in Zambia. Originally formed to oust the previous government, MMD controlled an absolute majority in parliament between 1991 and 2001, when its past leader, Frederick Chiluba was President of Zambia. Its election into power in 1991 ended the 27-year rule of President Kenneth Kaunda and his United National Independence Party (UNIP). It remained the dominant party within Zambian politics until the general elections of September 2011.

United National Independence Party
The United National Independence Party (UNIP) is a political party in Zambia. It governed the country from 1964 to 1991 under the socialist presidency of Kenneth Kaunda, and was the sole legal party in the country between 1973 and 1990. On 4 April 2021, Bishop Trevor Mwamba was elected President of UNIP.
NSU station
NSU station is a Tide Light Rail station in Norfolk, Virginia. It opened in August 2011 and is situated adjacent to Norfolk State University (NSU), just west of Brambleton Avenue. It is the only Tide station that is elevated, and is accessible by stairs and elevator.

The Tide (light rail)
The Tide is a 7.4-mile (12 km) light rail line in Norfolk, Virginia, United States, owned and operated by Hampton Roads Transit (HRT). It connects Eastern Virginia Medical School, downtown Norfolk, Norfolk State University, and Newtown Road. Service began on August 19, 2011, making it the first light rail system in Virginia. Fares match local bus fares and the line accepts HRT's GO Passes. Trains generally run every 15 minutes, increasing to every 10 minutes during peak periods and every 30 minutes during early mornings and late evenings. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 853,300, or about 2,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
2016 Pennsylvania Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Pennsylvania Democratic presidential primary was held on April 26 in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

The Democratic Party's primaries in Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland and Rhode Island were held the same day, as were Republican primaries in the same five states, including their own Pennsylvania primary. Despite winning the Pennsylvania primary, Clinton went on to lose the state to Republican candidate Donald Trump in the general election.

2016 Rhode Island Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Rhode Island Democratic presidential primary were held on April 26 in the U.S. state of Rhode Island as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

The Democratic Party's primaries in Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania were held the same day, as were Republican primaries in the same five states, including their own Rhode Island primary.