hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Niagara South
Niagara South was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It existed from 1987 to 1999, when it was abolished when ridings were redistributed to match their federal counterpart. It was created out of Erie and consisted of the southern areas of the Niagara Region.

Erie (provincial electoral district)
Erie was an electoral riding in the Niagara region of Ontario, Canada. It existed from 1975 to 1987, when it was abolished when the riding was redistributed to Niagara South. It consisted of the federal electoral district of the same name. It was only represented by Liberal Ray Haggerty.
Diisobutene
Diisobutene (also known as Diisobutylene and Isooctene) refers to a pair of organic compounds with the overall formula C8H16.  The isomers have the same carbon skeleton but differ in the location of the C=C bond.  Both are colorless liquids with very similar physical properties.  These compounds arise via the acid catalyzed dimerization of isobutene, a reaction that proceeds via the carbocation (CH3)3C+.  The process also leads to some triisobutenes and tetraisobutenes. The commercial material is typically a mixture of isomers, with the terminal 1-ene being the major component. The preferential formation of the less substituted alkene can be counterintuitive to chemists, but can be explained by assessing its transition state.

Isobutylene
Isobutylene (or 2-methylpropene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula (CH3)2C=CH2. It is a four-carbon branched alkene (olefin), one of the four isomers of butylene.  It is a colorless flammable gas, and is of considerable industrial value.
Banswara
Banswara is a city in the Banswara district in southern Rajasthan, India. The name, Banswara, came from king 'Bansiya Bhil'.

Banswara is also known as "City of a Hundred Islands", "The Green City", which is often referred to as "Cherrapunji of Rajasthan", because it receives the most rain in Rajasthan, as well as for the numerous islands in the Mahi River, often referred to as "Mahati", an alternate name for Mahi River, in Vayu Purana text, which flows through the city. Banswara district located Southernmost district in Rajasthan. The city has a population of 101,017, of whom 51,585 are male and 49,432 are female.

Govindgiri
Govindgiri, also known as Govind Guru Banjara, (1858–1931) was a social and religious reformer in the early 1900s in the tribal border areas of present-day Rajasthan and Gujarat states in India. He is seen as having popularized the Bhagat movement, which was first started in the 18th century.
Doctor Nemesis
Doctor Nemesis is the name of two characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and Ace Magazines. The first is James Bradley, a superhero and associate of the X-Men, while the second is Michael Stockton, a supervillain and enemy of Ant-Man.

Cable and X-Force
Cable and X-Force was an ongoing comic book series published by Marvel Comics that began in February 2013, as part of Marvel NOW! The series finds Cable awakening after Avengers vs. X-Men and on the run with his new team of X-Force from the Uncanny Avengers. The series was replaced by X-Force Volume 4.
Jermaine Jones
Jermaine Junior Jones (born November 3, 1981) is a former professional soccer player who played as a defensive midfielder. Jones was last the head coach of Central Valley Fuego FC in USL League One.

Born in Germany to an American father and German mother, he came up through the German club system and represented Germany at the U21 and senior level. However, he was not a regular in the team. He later filed for a switch to the United States. He made his debut for them in 2010 and played at the 2014 FIFA World Cup, scoring a notable goal against Portugal.

2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 11th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup competition, and the 21st CONCACAF regional championship overall in CONCACAF's 50 years of existence. The United States was the host nation.

The competition started on June 5, 2011, at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas and ended with the final on June 25, 2011, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, with Mexico beating the United States 4–2.

This competition was the fifth tournament without guests from other confederations. Mexico won their sixth Gold Cup, and ninth CONCACAF Championship overall. It was the third consecutive Gold Cup final and second consecutive win also.

As winner of the tournament, Mexico qualified for the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil as the representative from CONCACAF.
Vallavik Tunnel
The Vallavik Tunnel (Norwegian: Vallaviktunnelen) is a road tunnel in Vestland county, Norway. The tunnel begins on the north edge of the village of Eide in Voss Municipality and runs to the southeast, ending at the small farm of Vallaviki in Ulvik Municipality. The tunnel is part of Norwegian National Road 13. The 7,510-metre (24,640 ft) tunnel was originally opened on April 27, 1985.

In 2013, a roundabout and a 600-metre (2,000 ft) long branch were added near the southern end of the tunnel to connect with the newly constructed Hardanger Bridge. The branch passes directly over the older Djønno Tunnel.

Granvin (village)
Granvin or Eide is a village in Voss Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located at the head of the Granvin Fjord in the southeastern part of the municipality. The large village of Vossavangen lies about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northwest and the village of Ulvik (in Ulvik Municipality) lies about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the northeast.

The 0.74-square-kilometre (180-acre) village has a population (2025) of 539728 and a population density of 728 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,890/sq mi).
Ceratobasidium
Ceratobasidium is a genus of fungi in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are effused and the genus is sometimes grouped among the corticioid fungi, though species also retain features of the heterobasidiomycetes. Ceratobasidium species, excluding the type, are also now considered synonymous with Rhizoctonia, following the transfer of all published names as of 2025 to Rhizoctonia.   Species are saprotrophic, but several are also facultative plant pathogens, causing a number of commercially important crop diseases. Some are also endomycorrhizal associates of orchids.

Rhizoctonia noxia
Rhizoctonia noxia is a species of fungus in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are thin, effused, and web-like. The species is tropical to sub-tropical and is mainly known as a plant pathogen, the causative agent of "kole-roga" or black rot of coffee and various blights of citrus and other trees.
General Atomics MQ-1C Gray Eagle
The General Atomics MQ-1C Gray Eagle (previously the Warrior; also called Sky Warrior and ERMP or Extended-Range Multi-Purpose) is a medium-altitude, long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aircraft system (UAS). It was developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI) for the United States Army as an upgrade of the General Atomics MQ-1 Predator.

AGM-114 Hellfire
The AGM-114 Hellfire is an American missile developed for anti-armor use, later developed for precision drone strikes against other target types, especially high-value targets. It was originally developed under the name "Heliborne laser, fire-and-forget missile", which led to the colloquial name "Hellfire" ultimately becoming the missile's formal name. It has a multi-mission, multi-target precision-strike ability and can be launched from multiple air, sea, and ground platforms, including the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper. The Hellfire missile is the primary 100-pound (45 kg) class air-to-ground precision weapon for the armed forces of the United States and many other countries. It has also been fielded on surface platforms in the surface-to-surface and surface-to-air roles.
Tysvær (village)
Tysvær is a village in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located at the end of the small Tysværvågen bay, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) off of the European route E39 highway.  The nearby village of Susort lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the village of Tysvær, the municipal centre of Aksdal lies about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the north, and the village of Hervik lies about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the east. Tysvær Church is located in the village, serving the southwest portion of the municipality.

Tysvær Church
Tysvær Church (Norwegian: Tysvær kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tysværvåg. It is the church for the Tysvær parish which is part of the Haugaland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1852 using designs by the architect Hans Linstow. The church seats about 490 people.
Viceroy's Executive Council
The Viceroy's Executive Council, formerly known as the Council of Four and officially known as the Council of the Governor-General of India (since 1858), was an advisory body and cabinet of the Governor-General of India, also known as Viceroy. It existed from 1773 to 1947 in some form or the other.

It was established by the Regulating Act 1773 (13 Geo. 3. c. 63), with four members and was then known as the Council of Four. The Indian Councils Act 1861 (24 & 25 Vict. c. 67) transformed it from an advisory council into a cabinet with a portfolio system. Each member was assigned specific portfolios such as revenue, military, law, finance, and home. In 1874, a sixth member was added to be in charge of public works.

Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha
Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha, KCSI, PC, KC, (24 March 1863 – 4 March 1928) was a prominent British Indian lawyer and statesman. He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, first Indian to become a member of the Viceroy's Executive Council and the first Indian to become a member of the British ministry. He is sometimes also referred to as Satyendra Prasanno Sinha or Satyendra Prasad Sinha.
Río Tercero, Córdoba
Río Tercero is a city in the center of Argentina, 96 km from Córdoba city, 35 km east of the city of Embalse, and 386 m above sea level. With a population of 53,166 people is the seventh biggest city in the province. (Cordoba)

The city was founded by Modesto Acuña on 9 September 1913.

Río Tercero entered into a sister-city relationship with Carmagnola (Italy) in 2008. Río Tercero and Carmagnola are strengthening their sister-city relationship through new cultural and educational initiatives.

Carmagnola
Carmagnola (Italian: [karmaɲˈɲɔːla]; Piedmontese: Carmagnòla [karmaˈɲɔla] ⓘ) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located 29 kilometres (18 mi) south of Turin. The town is on the right side of the Po river. The nature of the soil determined over time how the river's sand accumulated.

Carmagnola borders the following municipalities: Poirino, Villastellone, Carignano, Lombriasco, Ceresole d'Alba, Racconigi, Sommariva del Bosco, Caramagna Piemonte.
Maria Vidal
Maria Elena Vidal (born August 1, 1960) is an American singer songwriter. Her single "Body Rock" reached No. 8 on the US Dance Charts, No. 48 on the Hot 100, No. 5 on the Springbok Charts in South Africa, and No. 11 in the UK, and charted on various other international charts. It was the theme song to the film Body Rock in 1984.

Desmond Child
John Charles Barrett (born October 28, 1953), known professionally as Desmond Child, is an American songwriter and record producer. He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2008. He has been nominated for four Grammy Awards, a Primetime Emmy Award, and has won a Latin Grammy Award.

His hits as a songwriter include Kiss' "I Was Made for Lovin' You"; Joan Jett & the Blackhearts' "I Hate Myself for Loving You"; Bon Jovi's "You Give Love a Bad Name", "Livin' on a Prayer", "Bad Medicine", and "Born to Be My Baby"; Aerosmith's "Dude (Looks Like a Lady)", "Angel", "What It Takes" and "Crazy"; Cher's "We All Sleep Alone" and "Just Like Jesse James"; Brit Smith's "Karma's a Bitch", recently re-done by Jojo Siwa; Alice Cooper's "Poison"; Michael Bolton's "How Can We Be Lovers?"; and Ricky Martin's "The Cup of Life" and "Livin' la Vida Loca".
United Reformed Church, Barton-upon-Humber
The United Reformed Church (formerly the Providence Chapel) is a 19th-century church and a Grade II* Listed building in Barton-upon-Humber, North Lincolnshire, England. It is the oldest surviving Independent chapel in Lincolnshire.

Barton-upon-Humber
Barton-upon-Humber (/ˈbɑːrtən əˈpɒn ˈhʌmbʌr/) or Barton is a town and civil parish in the North Lincolnshire district, in the ceremonial county of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 11,066. It is situated on the south bank of the Humber Estuary at the southern end of the Humber Bridge. It is 6 miles (10 km) south-west of Kingston upon Hull and 31 miles (50 km) north north-east of the county town of Lincoln. Other nearby towns include Scunthorpe to the south-west and Grimsby to the south-east.
Forest Avenue
43°40′51″N 70°17′22″W﻿ / ﻿43.68091°N 70.28955°W﻿ / 43.68091; -70.28955

Forest Avenue (formerly known as Green Street; colloquially known as Forest Ave) is a major street in Portland, Maine, United States. It runs for around 4.81 miles (7.74 km), from Bridgton Road in the northwest to Congress Street, in downtown Portland, in the southeast. It is the main artery for traffic entering and leaving Portland to and from the west via city streets. Forest Avenue passes to the south of Back Cove, while Washington Avenue passes to its north. The street ends in Portland's Arts District.

Forest Avenue is part of U.S. Route 302 (US 302) for almost its entire course. US 302 reaches its eastern terminus at Forest Avenue's interchange with Interstate 295 (I-295) and U.S. Route 1 (US 1) at the southern end of the Back Cove neighborhood.

Washington Avenue (Portland, Maine)
43°42′03″N 70°17′21″W﻿ / ﻿43.70090°N 70.28919°W﻿ / 43.70090; -70.28919

Washington Avenue (formerly known as Main Street; known colloquially as Washington Ave) is a major street in Portland, Maine, United States. It runs for around 5.25 miles (8.45 km), from Auburn Street in the northwest to Congress Street in the southeast. It continues in parallel with Interstate 295 as it crosses Tukey's Bridge between exits 8 and 9. It is the main artery for traffic entering and leaving Portland to and from the north via city streets, and has been described as a "gateway to the Portland peninsula." Washington Avenue passes to the north of Back Cove, while Forest Avenue passes to its south.

Washington Avenue is part of State Route 26 for its entire course. It picks up the designation from Auburn Street, which continues as State Route 100 south of its intersection with Washington Avenue.
Abraham Mazel
Abraham Mazel (5 September 1677 – 17 October 1710), was a  French Huguenot from the Cévennes region and Camisard revolutionary, known for leading the insurrection that led to the War of the Camisards (1702-1704).

Camisards
Camisards were Huguenots (French Protestants) of the rugged and isolated Cévennes region and the neighbouring Vaunage in southern France. In the early 1700s, they raised a resistance against the persecutions which followed Louis XIV's Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, making Protestantism illegal. The Camisards operated throughout the mainly Protestant Cévennes and Vaunage regions including parts of the Camargue around Aigues Mortes. The revolt broke out in 1702, with the worst of the fighting continuing until 1704, then skirmishes until 1710 and a final peace by 1715. The Edict of Tolerance was not finally signed until 1787.
Haruka Ishida
Haruka Ishida (石田 晴香, Ishida Haruka; born December 2, 1993 in Saitama Prefecture) is a Japanese actress, voice actress and a former member of the Japanese idol girl group AKB48. She has been a co-host on the variety show Dream Creator on TV Tokyo. and has voiced on a handful of anime shows, including Nobunaga the Fool where she voiced Bianchi Țepeş.

Gingham Check
"Gingham Check" (ギンガムチェック, Gingamu Chekku) is the 27th major single by the Japanese idol girl group AKB48. The members were chosen from their placements in the AKB48's 2012 general election. The single was released in Japan on August 29, 2012. It includes the graduation song for long-time headlining member Atsuko Maeda.
Digha Gate
Digha Gate is an entrance gate built on the National Highway 116B in the coastal town of Digha, India, near the Bay of Bengal. The gate is also known as the Gateway of Digha and the Digha Welcome Gate. The gate was formerly known as Brighton of Calcutta.

Construction was completed in late 2014. On 25 November 2014, it was inaugurated by Chief Minister of West Bengal, Mamata Banerjee.

Digha
Digha (Bengali pronunciation: [ˈdiɡʱa]) is a seaside resort town located in the Purba Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. Situated at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal, it is a popular coastal tourist destination known for its low gradient and shallow sand beaches.

Referred to as the "Brighton of the East" by Warren Hastings in one of his 1780 letters to his wife, Digha has remained a favored holiday spot for decades. It is West Bengal's most visited sea resort, with beaches that stretch over 7 km.
United Counties of Prescott and Russell
The United Counties of Prescott and Russell  (French: Comtés unis de Prescott et Russell) is a county located in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its county seat is L'Orignal. It is located in Eastern Ontario, in the wedge-shaped area between the Ottawa River and St. Lawrence River, approximately 55 kilometres (34 mi) east of the City of Ottawa.

The county was created as a result of a merger between Russell County and Prescott County in 1820. Under Ontario law, the county is an Upper-tier Municipality.

The Nation, Ontario
The Nation (La Nation in French) is a municipality in Eastern Ontario, located within Canada's National Capital Region, in the United Counties of Prescott and Russell. The municipality was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of the former townships of Caledonia, Cambridge, and South Plantagenet, as well as the Village of St. Isidore.

The municipality is crossed by the South Nation River after which the municipality was named.
Capitalist peace theory
The capitalist or commercial peace theory posits that market openness contributes to more peaceful behavior among states, and that developed market-oriented economies are less likely to engage in conflict with one another. Along with the democratic peace theory and institutionalist arguments for peace, the commercial peace forms part of the Kantian tripod for peace. Prominent mechanisms for the commercial peace revolve around how capitalism, trade interdependence, and capital interdependence raise the costs of warfare, incentivize groups to lobby against war, make it harder for leaders to go to war, and reduce the economic benefits of conquest.

Scholars have debated the empirical and theoretical validity of the commercial peace thesis, as well as the mechanisms behind the theory. According to one review of existing research, the evidence on the relationship between economic interdependence and conflict is inconclusive.

Doux commerce
Doux commerce (lit. sweet commerce) is a concept originating from the Age of Enlightenment stating that commerce tends to civilize people, making them less likely to resort to violent or irrational behaviors. This theory has also been referred to as commercial republicanism.
Great Kingshill
Great Kingshill is a small village in the parish of Hughenden in Buckinghamshire, England. It is located in the Chiltern Hills, about five miles west of Amersham and two and a half miles south of Great Missenden.

Great Missenden
Great Missenden is a village and civil parish in the Misbourne Valley in the Chiltern Hills in Buckinghamshire, England, situated between the towns of Amersham and Wendover. It adjoins the village of Little Kingshill, and is a mile from Little Missenden and the village of Prestwood.

The narrow and historic High Street is bypassed by the main A413 London to Aylesbury Road. It is located in the centre of the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The source of the Misbourne is to be found just north of the village, although the upper reach of the river runs only in winter and the perennial head is in Little Missenden. The village is now best known as home to the late Roald Dahl, the world-famous adult and children's author.
Larkfield Priory Hotel
Larkfield Priory Hotel was a hotel, restaurant, bar and function venue in Larkfield, Kent. It benefited from being on the A20 London Road and is just 4 miles north west of the county town of Maidstone.

Larkfield, Kent
Larkfield  is a village in Kent, part of the civil parish of East Malling and Larkfield in the borough of Tonbridge and Malling. Of the two parts of the parish, Larkfield is much more built-up, lying on and north of the main A20 road. The M20 motorway also passes through, with junction 4 residing at the centre of Leybourne on the A228.

The name of Larkfield is literal and descriptive – it refers to the large numbers of skylarks found in the fields; its first recorded instance is in Domesday Book as Lavrochesfel.
Japanese School in Moscow
Japanese School in Moscow (Russian: Японская школа, Japanese: モスクワ日本人学校 Mosukuwa Nihonjin Gakkō) is a Japanese international school located in Lomonosovsky District, South-Western Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It was established in 1967. It occupies the fourth and fifth floors of its building, which is also used by the Moscow Finnish School, the Swedish School in Moscow, and the Scuola Italiana Italo Calvino (Italian school). The campus also has a dining hall, an indoor gymnasium, a technical classroom, a playing field that doubles as a skating rink in the winter, and outdoor athletic fields.

Scuola Italiana Italo Calvino
The Scuola italiana "Italo Calvino" ("Italo Calvino Italian School"; Russian: Итальянская школа имени Итало Кальвино) is the only Italian curriculum school in Russia. It has two campuses in Moscow.

Its primary, secondary, and liceo linguistico levels are in one location, the second floor of a campus shared with the Swedish School in Moscow, the Moscow Finnish School, and the Moscow Japanese School. This campus is in Lomonosovsky District, South-Western Administrative Okrug.

The scuola materna is in a separate location.
Levač
Levač (Serbian Cyrillic: Левач) is a historical region in central Serbia.  It is located between Juhor mountain on east and Gledićke planine on west.

The area is around 366 km2. Levač comprises 32 villages and one town called Rekovac:

Bare

Belušić

Beočić

Bogalinac

Brajnovac

Cikot

Dulene

Dobroselica

Dragovo

Kalenić

Kaludra

Kavadar

Komarane

Lepojević

Loćika

Lomnica

Maleševo

Motrić

Nadrlje

Oparić

Prevešt

Rabenovac

Ratković

Rekovac

Sekurič

Sibnica

Siljevica

Šljivica

Tečić

Ursule

Vukmanovac

Velika Kruševica

Županjevac

Brajnovac
Brajnovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Брајновац) is a village in Central Serbia (Šumadija), in the municipality of Rekovac (Region of Levač), located at 43°46′49″N 21°07′45″E﻿ / ﻿43.78028°N 21.12917°E﻿ / 43.78028; 21.12917, at an elevation of 270 metres (890 ft). According to the 2002 census, the village had 221 citizens.