hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot
The 44th Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment in the British Army, raised in 1741. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 56th (West Essex) Regiment of Foot to form the Essex Regiment in 1881.

Robert Montresor Rogers
Major General Robert Montresor Rogers, VC, CB (4 September 1834 – 5 February 1895) was a British Army officer and an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Diocese of Northern Malawi
The Diocese of Northern Malawi is one of the four dioceses of the Church of the Province of Central Africa in Malawi. Its third bishop, since 2010, has been Fanuel Magangani. While the diocese itself only dates to 1995, its territory includes the heartland of Anglicanism in central Africa. The diocese's cathedral is St Peter's Cathedral on Likoma Island, which was built from 1903 to 1911 and was the hub of the Universities' Mission to Central Africa in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Church of the Province of Central Africa
The Church of the Province of Central Africa is part of the Anglican Communion, and includes 15 dioceses in Botswana, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The Primate of the Church is the Archbishop of Central Africa. Albert Chama is the current archbishop, being installed on 20 March 2011, succeeding Bernard Amos Malango who retired in 2007.  From 1980 to 2000, Walter Khotso Makhulu, an Anti-Apartheid activist, was Archbishop as well as Bishop of Botswana. Archbishop Chama continues to serve as Bishop of Northern Zambia, and is the second Zambian to be Archbishop of Central Africa. In 2020, the World Christian Database and the World Christian Encyclopedia, published by Edinburgh University Press, estimated the church had 1,788,000 baptised members.
Sudan golden sparrow
The Sudan golden sparrow (Passer luteus) is a small species of bird in the sparrow family found in sub-Saharan Africa. It is a famous cage bird, and in aviculture, it is known as the golden song sparrow. The Arabian golden sparrow and this species are sometimes considered one species, as the "golden sparrow".

Arabian golden sparrow
The Arabian golden sparrow (Passer euchlorus) is a sparrow found in south west Arabia and also the coast of Somalia and Djibouti where it occurs in thorn savannah and scrub habitats. It is sometimes considered as a subspecies of the Sudan golden sparrow (Passer luteus).

It is sometimes kept as a pet.
Tikkurila
Tikkurila (Finnish: [ˈtikːurilɑ]; Swedish: Dickursby) is a district and major region of the municipality of Vantaa, Finland. Located in the eastern half of the Helsinki conurbation, some 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of the capital's downtown district, it is the administrative and commercial hub of Vantaa, although Myyrmäki is a rival commercial hub within the municipality.

Tikkurila's most popular attraction is the science center Heureka. Tikkurila railway station is the busiest in Vantaa and third-busiest in Finland. As the nearest mainline station to Helsinki Airport (located 6 km or 3+1⁄2 mi from Tikkurila), it is served by all the high-speed Pendolino trains on the Helsinki to Tampere and Lahti routes as well as other long-distance services.

Some of the other communities surrounding Tikkurila are Jokiniemi, Simonkylä, Ruskeasanta, Hiekkaharju, and Puistola in the Helsinki municipality.

Simonkylä
Simonkylä (Swedish: Simonsböle) is a district in Vantaa, Finland, located west of the Tikkurila district. The district has a population of about 8,000 (in 2020). It has the largest population of all the neighborhoods that are part of Tikkurila's major region, but it has very few jobs, which makes it primarily a residential area.

The most prominent services in the area are Simonkallio elementary school and Simonkylä secondary school, several kindergartens, a youth center and Simonkoti nursing home. Hiekkaharju's own school operates near the district.
Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai (song)
Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai meaning "I hope you will come back" is a song recorded by Sarawak rock band Masterpiece. It was released in January 2015 as the lead single of their fourth album Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai. The song was released by Do Records Entertainment while the entire Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai album was produced by Panggau Buluh Pengerindu Records on 12 March 2016.

On 2 September 2016, "Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai" has won the "Best Song" award at the ACSJ 2016 Sarawak Music Awards and the album has received the "Album of The Year" award at the AMD 2016 Sarawak Music Awards ceremony on October 29.

Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai
Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai is the fourth studio album by Malaysian rock band from Sarawak, the Masterpiece. The album consists of ten tracks and titled Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai reflecting the lead single title from the album. It was released on March 21, 2016 through Panggau Buluh Pengerindu in Sarawak and Johor. The album receiving the 'Album of the Year' award at the 2016 Dayak Music Awards while the lead single "Ngarap Ka Nuan Nikal Pulai" has won the 'Song of the Year' award at the 2016 ACSJ Music Awards.
2022 U.S. Open Cup final
The 2022 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup final was a soccer match played on September 7, 2022, at Exploria Stadium in Orlando, Florida, United States. It was played to determine the winner of the 2022 U.S. Open Cup, the 107th edition of the oldest competition in U.S. soccer, which is open to amateur and professional soccer teams affiliated with the United States Soccer Federation.

Orlando City defeated Sacramento, winning 3–0 with three goals in the second half to clinch their first championship as an MLS club. They became the second team from Florida to win the U.S. Open Cup and qualified for the 2023 CONCACAF Champions League.

Orlando City SC
Orlando City Soccer Club is an American professional soccer club based in Orlando, Florida. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. Owned by Zygi, Leonard, and Mark Wilf, it is the sister club of the National Women's Soccer League's Orlando Pride and MLS Next Pro's Orlando City B. The team plays its home games in downtown Orlando at Inter&Co Stadium, which is owned and operated by the club.

The team played as a charter member of the USL Pro, winning three Commissioner's Cups and two league championships in its first four seasons. The victories led to a successful bid to enter MLS, the highest level of the United States soccer league system, debuting in its 2015 season alongside New York City FC, and selling their USL franchise rights to Louisville City FC. Since its purchase by the Wilf family in 2021, the club has qualified twice for the CONCACAF Champions Cup, and won the U.S. Open Cup in 2022.
Orthodox semigroup
In mathematics, an orthodox semigroup is a regular semigroup whose set of idempotents forms a subsemigroup. In more recent terminology, an orthodox semigroup is a regular E-semigroup. The term orthodox semigroup was coined by T. E. Hall and presented in a paper published in 1969. Certain special classes of orthodox semigroups had been studied earlier. For example, semigroups that are also unions of groups, in which the sets of idempotents form  subsemigroups were studied by P. H. H. Fantham in 1960.

Regular semigroup
In mathematics, a regular semigroup is a semigroup S in which every element is regular, i.e., for each element a in S there exists an element x in S such that axa = a.  Regular semigroups are one of the most-studied classes of semigroups, and their structure is particularly amenable to study via Green's relations.
Journal of Oil Palm Research
The Journal of Oil Palm Research (formerly known as Elaeis: The International Journal of Oil Palm Research and Development) is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering research on palm oil fats, oils, and oleo-chemistry. It is published by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board and the editor-in-chief is Dr. Ahmad Parveez Ghulam Kadir (Malaysian Palm Oil Board). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 1.564 impact factor for 2019.

Malaysian Palm Oil Board
The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (Malay: Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia), abbreviated MPOB, is a government agency responsible for the promotion and development of the palm oil industry in Malaysia. It is one of the agencies under the Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities.
Ifo Island
Ifo Island is a low rocky island 370 m (0.2 nmi) southeast of Hélène Island at the western end of the Géologie Archipelago, Antarctica. It was photographed from the air by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and was charted and named by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1949–51, under André-Frank Liotard. "Ifo" is an approximate phonetic spelling of "il faut," a much-used expression by the French expedition meaning "one (you) must."

Hélène Island
Hélène Island is a small rocky island 370 metres (0.2 nmi) northwest of Ifo Island marking the west end of the Géologie Archipelago in Antarctica. It was photographed from the air by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, was charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1949–51, and named by them for one of the expedition's dogs.
Nakło County
Nakło County (Polish: powiat nakielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nakło nad Notecią, which lies 28 km (17 mi) west of Bydgoszcz and 70 km (43 mi) west of Toruń. The county contains three other towns: Szubin, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-east of Nakło nad Notecią, Kcynia, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Nakło nad Notecią, and Mrocza, 12 km (7 mi) north of Nakło nad Notecią.

The county covers an area of 1,120.48 square kilometres (432.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 84,786, out of which the population of Nakło nad Notecią is 18,281, that of Szubin is 9,556, that of Kcynia is 4,657, that of Mrocza is 4,350, and the rural population is 49,605.

Kcynia
Kcynia [ˈkt͡sɨɲa] is a town in Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland, with 4,702 inhabitants (2010). It is located in the Pałuki ethnographic region in the northern part of historic Greater Poland.
Selkirk Steelers
The Selkirk Steelers are a Junior "A" ice hockey team from Selkirk, Manitoba, Canada.  They are members of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League, a part of the Canadian Junior Hockey League and Hockey Canada.

Winnipeg Saints
The Winnipeg Saints were a Manitoba Junior Hockey League team based in Winnipeg, Manitoba.  The team was known for most of its existence as the St. Boniface Saints and exists today as the Virden Oil Capitals.
Nick Vernier Band
Nick Vernier Band is an alias (and anagram) for productions by Dutch musician and record producer Eric Van Den Brink. Although a 'one man band' in essence, featured collaborators include Blondie Chaplin, Probyn Gregory, Gerry Beckley (with Jeffrey Foskett), Stephen John Kalinich, Paul Jones, David Bullock, Matt Malley, Iain Matthews, Emitt Rhodes, Duncan Maitland, E.H. Roelfzema, Shandon Sahm, Janaki, and Iason Chronis, among others. Van Den Brink is also producer of the 2024 Mixes of The Best of Shocking Blue (Venus, Love Buzz, etc.), and Nick Vernier Band-Mixes for Yoko Ono Plastic Ono Band. While Nick Vernier Band is primarily a solo project with occasional guests, side project Club Vernier is a collaborative endeavour with ever rotating lineups to tailor each song.

Nick Vernier Band Sessions
Nick Vernier Band's Sessions is a collaborative album by an ensemble containing notable musicians, such as Probyn Gregory, Gerry Beckley (with Jeffrey Foskett), Matt Malley, Paul Jones, Iain Matthews, Emitt Rhodes, Pizza Delivery Boys, Janaki, The Monkees
, and Iason Chronis, among others. The studio group was initiated by musician and record producer Eric Van Den Brink. The album, officially released on iTunes in April 2010, consists of songs by featured collaborators, as well as original material.

The name "Nick Vernier Band" is an anagram of "Eric Van Den Brink".
Walter Churchill
Group captain Walter Myers Churchill, DSO, DFC (24 November 1907 – 27 August 1942) was a Royal Air Force pilot and flying ace during World War II.

Churchill was the elder brother of Peter Churchill and Oliver Churchill, both of whom were Special Operations Executive officers during the Second World War.

Peter Churchill
Peter Morland Churchill, DSO Croix de Guerre (14 January 1909 – 1 May 1972) was a British Special Operations Executive (SOE) officer in France during the Second World War. His wartime operations, which resulted in his capture and imprisonment in German concentration camps and his subsequent marriage to fellow SOE officer Odette Sansom, received considerable attention after the war, including a 1950 film.

On 29th December 2024 he was inducted into the Spengler Cup Ice Hockey Hall of Fame in Davos, Switzerland, in recognition of his exceptional ice hockey playing in the 1930s and will be represented in the ice hockey museum there.
Vesijako
Vesijako (also Vesijakaa) is a lake in Finland. It is situated in Padasjoki in the region of Päijänne Tavastia.

The lake is famous in Finland as a bifurcation lake (the name Vesijako actually means "drainage divide"), together with the nearby Lummene that is somewhat less known, and from which waters flow eastwards into lake Päijänne and westwards through the lake Vehkajärvi into lake Vesijako.

Vesijako in turn also has two outflows. One is eastwards to the lake Päijänne, which is a part of Kymijoki basin and drains to the Gulf of Finland. The other outflow is into a chain of lakes that is a part of the Kokemäenjoki basin and consists of the lakes Kuohijärvi, Kukkia, Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä and ends into lake Mallasvesi, from which the waters flow through Vanajavesi and Pyhäjärvi towards Kokemäenjoki in the west, and ultimately to the Gulf of Bothnia.

Kukkia
Kukkia is a medium-sized lake in Finland. It is a part of a chain of lakes that begins from the lakes Lummene, Vehkajärvi and Vesijako at the drainage divide between the Kokemäenjoki and Kymijoki basins and flows westwards from there through the Lake Kuohijärvi into Lake Kukkia. From Kukkia the chain of lakes drains into lake Mallasvesi through the lakes Iso-Roine, Hauhonselkä and Ilmoilanselkä, and the waters ultimately flow to the Gulf of Bothnia. The lake is part of the Kokemäenjoki basin and is located for the main part in the municipality of Pälkäne in the Pirkanmaa region and for a smaller part in the area of the city of Hämeenlinna in the Kanta-Häme region.
Disa flexuosa
Disa flexuosa is a perennial plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Disa and is part of the fynbos. The plant is endemic to the Northern Cape and Western Cape. The plant is extinct on the Cape Peninsula. It now occurs from the Western Cape lowlands, from Nieuwoudtville southwards to Caledon and eastwards to the Hex River Valley. There are 36 subpopulations on record, ten of which may no longer exist. The plant is threatened by urban development, crop cultivation and invasive plants.

Disa (plant)
Disa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. It comprises about 182 species. Most of the species are indigenous to tropical and southern Africa, with a few more in the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, and Réunion. Disa bracteata is naturalised in Western Australia, where the local name is "African weed-orchid."

The genus Disa was named by P.J. Bergius in 1767. It was named after Disa, the heroine of a Swedish legend.
2019 North Central Cardinals football team
The 2019 North Central Cardinals football team was an American football team that represented North Central College in the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW) during the 2019 NCAA Division III football season. The team played its home games at Benedetti–Wehrli Stadium in Naperville, Illinois.

In their fifth year under head coach Jeff Thorne, the team compiled a 14–1 record (8–1 against conference opponents) and finished second out of ten teams in the CCIW. The team advanced to the NCAA Division III playoffs and defeated Wisconsin–Whitewater, 41–14, in the 2019 Stagg Bowl.

Senior quarterback Broc Rutter won the Gagliardi Trophy, awarded to the best player in NCAA Division III. Rutter finished just three votes ahead of Jackson Erdmann, the closest vote in the history of the award.

Jeff Thorne
Jeffery Aaron Thorne (March 12, 1972 – December 9, 2025) was an American college football coach and player. He was the offensive coordinator at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan in 2022. Thorne served as the head football coach at North Central College from 2015 to 2021. He succeeded his father, John Thorne, and led the 2019 team to an NCAA Division III national title. Thorne played college football at Eastern Illinois University, starting at quarterback in the early 1990s. His son, Payton, is currently a quarterback for the Cincinnati Bengals as of 2025.
Pepin II, Count of Vermandois
Pepin II (845–893) was a Frankish count. He was a son of Pepin, Count of Vermandois and Valois and thus a grandson of Bernard of Italy, who was himself a grandson of Charlemagne. He was the Count of Senlis and Count of Vermandois (850 – 893); Lord of Valois (877 – 886), and later Count of Valois (886 – 893). The brothers of Pepin II were Herbert I, Count of Vermandois and Bernard II, Count of Laon.

Pepin II of Vermandois's wife's name and origin are unknown; their son was:

Pepin III of Senlis (876 – 922), Count of Senlis.

Counts and dukes of Valois
The Valois (UK: /ˈvælwɑː/ VAL-wah, also US: /vælˈwɑː, vɑːlˈwɑː/ va(h)l-WAH, French: [valwa]; originally Pagus Valensis) was a region in the valley of the Oise river in Picardy in the north of France. It was a fief in West Francia and subsequently the Kingdom of France until its counts furnished a line of kings, the House of Valois, to succeed the House of Capet in 1328. It was, along with the counties of Beauvais, the Vexin, Vermandois, and Laon, part of the "Oise line" of fiefdoms which were held often by one individual or an individual family as a string of defences against Viking assault on Paris.

The medieval county and duchy of Valois was located in northern France. It was included in the northeastern part of the government of Île-de-France, while being part of the province of Picardy. Its capital was Crépy-en-Valois.
Test ideal
A test ideal is a positive characteristic analog of a multiplier ideal in, say, the field of complex numbers. Test ideals are used in the study of singularities in algebraic geometry in positive characteristic.

Multiplier ideal
In commutative algebra, the multiplier ideal associated to a sheaf of ideals over a complex variety and a real number c consists (locally) of the functions h such that

is locally integrable, where the fi are a finite set of local generators of the ideal. Multiplier ideals were independently introduced by Nadel (1989) (who worked with sheaves over complex manifolds rather than ideals) and Lipman (1993), who called them adjoint ideals.

Multiplier ideals are discussed in the survey articles Blickle & Lazarsfeld (2004), Siu (2005), and Lazarsfeld (2009).
Shurraf
Shurraf (Al Shurraf, Ash-Shurraf) is a desert town in Al Wahat District, Cyrenaica region, in northeastern Libya.

From 1983-1987,  it was part of the Jalu District (baladiyah) and from 2001 to 2007 of Ajdabiya District.

Ajdabiya District
Ajdabiya (Arabic: إجدابيا) is a former district of Libya. It lay in the northeastern part of the country. Its capital was Ajdabiya. As of 2007, it was subsumed within the enlarged Al Wahat District.

When Ajdabiya district was in existence from 2001 to 2007, it had, in the north, a short stretch of coastline on the Mediterranean Sea. On land, it bordered the following districts:

Hizam al Akhdar - northeast

Al Wahat - east

Kufra - southeast

Jufra - southwest

Sirte - west

Ajdabiya district previously also existed from 1987 to 1995 when it covered a larger area, including all of the 2001-2007 Al Wahat District, and some additional area to the south.
Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (Spanish pronunciation: [biˈθente ˈβlaskojˈβaɲeθ], 29 January 1867 – 28 January 1928) was a journalist, politician, and a bestselling Spanish novelist in various genres whose most widespread and lasting fame in the English-speaking world is from Hollywood films that were adapted from his works.

Blood and Sand (1922 film)
Blood and Sand is a 1922 American silent drama film produced by Paramount Pictures, directed by Fred Niblo and starring Rudolph Valentino, Lila Lee, and Nita Naldi. It was based on the 1908 Spanish novel Blood and Sand (Sangre y arena) by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez and the play Blood and Sand by Thomas Cushing which was adapted from Ibáñez's novel.
Williamstown, Missouri
Williamstown is an unincorporated community in northern Lewis County, Missouri, United States. It is located at the intersection of Missouri Supplemental Routes A and E, approximately twenty miles northwest of Canton. The community is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Lewis County, Missouri
Lewis County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,032. Its county seat is Monticello. The county was organized January 2, 1833, and named for Meriwether Lewis, the explorer and Governor of the Louisiana Territory.

Lewis County is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Think Blue, Count Two
"Think Blue, Count Two" is a science fiction short story by Cordwainer Smith, set in his Instrumentality of Mankind future history. The story revolves around a psychological trip wire that is installed to prevent an atrocity on a sleeper ship (a hypothetical type of crewed spacecraft).

Originally published in Galaxy Magazine in February 1963, the story was awarded the 1990 Japanese Seiun Award for Best Foreign Language Short Story of the Year.

Sleeper ship
A sleeper ship is a hypothetical type of crewed spacecraft, or starship in which most or all of the crew spend the journey in some form of hibernation or suspended animation. The only known technology that allows long-term suspended animation of humans is the freezing of early-stage human embryos through embryo cryopreservation, which is behind the concept of embryo space colonization.
Per Andersen
Per Oskar Andersen ForMemRS (12 January 1930 – 17 February 2020) was a Norwegian brain researcher at the University of Oslo. Research by his lab, specifically by Terje Lømo (and Timothy Bliss, who helped characterize the phenomenon years later), led to the discovery of long-term potentiation in 1966.

He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Royal Society. He held honorary degrees at the University of Zürich and the Stockholm University.

He resided in Blommenholm.

Terje Lømo
Terje Lømo (born 3 January 1935) is a Norwegian physiologist who specialized in neuroscience.
He was born in Ålesund to dentist Leif Lømo and Ingeborg Rebekka Helseth.

Lømo in 1966, while beginning his PhD, worked in Per Oskar Andersen's lab in the Department of Physiology in Oslo. This was part of an apprenticeship dealing with hippocampal studies. By 1968, Timothy Bliss had joined Lømo in Andersen's laboratory for studies in memory mechanisms within the hippocampus.
Lømo is known for his studies on synapses, in particular the synaptic plasticity. His discovery of the long-term potentiation, along with fellow researcher Tim Bliss, is regarded as a fundamental work in neurophysiology.
He was awarded the Medical prize of Anders Jahre in 2003, and was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 2009. He is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.