hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikkō Line
The Nikkō Line (日光線, Nikkō-sen) is a railway line operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) which connects Utsunomiya to Nikkō.

Both the Tobu and JR East railway stations in Nikkō are located within walking distance of each other.

Utsunomiya Station
Utsunomiya Station (宇都宮駅, Utsunomiya-eki) is a railway station in the city of Utsunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The station also is a freight depot for the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Utsunomiya Station East is the current terminus of the Utsunomiya Light Rail line located in front of the East Exit, while Tōbu-Utsunomiya Station is located 1.6 km west of this station.
Tortum Waterfall
The Tortum Waterfall is the tallest waterfall in Turkey. Since the completion of the Tortum Dam and Hydroelectric Plant in 1960, water is drawn from Tortum Lake through channels and tunnels, and allowed to rush down into the turbines. The waterfall is fed only from the surplus water and thus now functions only for a very short period during the months of May and June when the water level of the lake is exceptionally high. During the other months the bed of the waterfall is almost dry. The lake and waterfall are located in the Tortum district, 100 km (62 mi) north of Erzurum in Eastern Anatolia region.

Tortum Dam
Tortum Dam is a dam on the Tortum River in Erzurum Province, Turkey. The dam, backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works, was built on a natural landslide near Tortum Waterfall and raises the level of the existing lake for hydroelectric power production.
RAF Regiment
The Royal Air Force Regiment (RAF Regiment) is part of the Royal Air Force and functions as a specialist corps. Founded by Royal Warrant in 1942, the Corps carries out security tasks relating to the protection of assets and personnel dedicated to the delivery of air power.

RAF Regiment 'Gunners' are personnel trained in various disciplines such as infantry tactics, force protection, field craft, sniper, support to special forces operations, CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear) defence, equipped with advanced vehicles and detection measures. RAF Regiment instructors are responsible for training all Royal Air Force personnel in basic force protection such as first aid, weapon handling and CBRN skills.

The regiment and its members are known within the RAF as "The Regiment", "Rock Apes" or "Rocks".

Military colours, standards and guidons
In military organizations, the practice of carrying colours, standards, flags, or guidons, both to act as a rallying point for troops and to mark the location of the commander, is thought to have originated in Ancient Egypt some 5,000 years ago. The Roman Empire also made battle standards reading SPQR a part of their vast armies. It was formalized in the armies of Europe in the High Middle Ages, with standards being emblazoned with the commander's coat of arms.
Boville Ernica
Boville Ernica is a town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, Italy. It is located over the summit of a steep hill commanding the Liri, Cosa and Sacco valleys. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Carnforth Cricket Club
Carnforth Cricket Club is based in the North-West of England and play their home games at Lodge Quarry, Carnforth.

They have 3 teams in total, with the 1st and 2nd XI playing in the Northern Premier League, and the 3rd XI playing in The Westmorland League.

Carnforth
Carnforth is a market town and civil parish in the City of Lancaster in Lancashire, England, situated at the north-east end of Morecambe Bay. The parish of Carnforth had a population of 5,560 in the 2011 census, an increase from the 5,350 recorded in the 2001 census. The town is situated around 7 miles north of Lancaster, 17 miles south of Kendal, 40 miles east (bisected by Morecambe Bay) of Barrow-in-Furness and 28 miles north-west of Settle. The town is also close to the Cumbria/Lancashire border.

Carnforth grew in the 19th century through the presence of the railway and ironworks. Due to the closeness of the coast and the hills, Carnforth is a popular base for walkers and cyclists exploring the area. The River Keer, the West Coast Main Line (WCML), the A6 and the Lancaster Canal pass through the town. The M6 motorway passes just to the east, linked to Carnforth by the A6070 (formerly the A601(M)) which was originally part of the Lancaster bypass before the M6 was extended north.
Beale Mountains
The Beale Mountains are located in the Mojave National Preserve in eastern California. The range is one of the smallest mountain ranges in the United States, and is only about 2.5 miles long. The mountains are located northeast of the Kelso Mountains, and east of the Marl Mountains, about five miles from the Kelso Cima road, in the Cinder Cone National Natural Landmark. The mountains lie in the arid climate zone, characterized by little rainfall. They are named after Edward Fitzgerald Beale.

These mountains are not named in the USGS Geographic Names Information System, nor on the USGS topographic map (Cima Quadrangle), but they are named on Google Maps. The highest elevation is 4413 feet.

Mojave National Preserve
Mojave National Preserve is a US National Preserve located in the Mojave Desert of San Bernardino County, California, between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. Established in 1994, it is the third largest unit of the National Park system within the contiguous United States, and the largest national preserve.

The preserve spans 1,542,776 acres (6,243 km2). It surrounds Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve, which are both managed by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.

Natural features include the Kelso Dunes, the Marl Mountains and the Cima Dome, as well as volcanic formations such as Hole-in-the-Wall and the Cinder Cone Lava Beds. The Joshua tree forest covering Cima Dome and the adjacent Shadow Valley is the largest and densest in the world.

The preserve contains the ghost town of Kelso. The defunct Kelso Depot serves as the park's official visitor center, though it is temporarily closed as of 2025.
2022–23 UEFA Youth League knockout phase
The 2022–23 UEFA Youth League knockout phase began on 7 February 2023 with the play-off round and concluded with the final on 24 April 2023 at Stade de Genève in Geneva, Switzerland, to decide the champions of the 2022–23 UEFA Youth League. The semi-finals and final have been traditionally played at the Colovray Stadium in Nyon since the first edition, but for the 2022–23 edition they were moved to the Stade de Genève  due to increased interest in the tournament from the supporters of the participating clubs. All matches are played across 90 minutes and penalty shoot-out if necessary.

Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).

2022–23 UEFA Youth League
The 2022–23 UEFA Youth League was the ninth season of the UEFA Youth League, a European youth club football competition organised by UEFA.

The title holders were Benfica, who defeated Red Bull Salzburg 6–0 in the previous season's final. Benfica were eliminated in the group stage, while AZ won their first European title by beating Hajduk Split 5–0 in the final. They became the first Dutch club since Feyenoord in the 2001–02 UEFA Cup to win a European title.
Grammitidoideae
Grammitidoideae is a subfamily of the fern family Polypodiaceae, whose members are informally known as grammitids. It comprises a clade of about 750 species. They are distributed over higher elevations in both the Old and New World.  This group was previously treated as a separate family, Grammitidaceae until molecular phylogenies showed it to be nested within the Polypodiaceae. It has since been treated as an unranked clade within subfamily Polypodioideae (renamed tribe Polypodieae in one classification), and, most recently, as a separate subfamily (reducing Polypodioideae to an evolutionary grade).

Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genera and an estimated 1,650 species and is placed in the order Polypodiales, suborder Polypodiineae. A broader circumscription has also been used, in which the family includes other families kept separate in PPG I. Nearly all species are epiphytes, but some are terrestrial.
Vettor Pisani-class cruiser
The Vettor Pisani class consisted of two armoured cruisers built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) in the 1890s. The two ships of the class, Vettor Pisani and Carlo Alberto, were frequently deployed overseas during their careers. The former served in the Far East during the Boxer Rebellion of 1900 while the latter was involved in pioneering long-range radio experiments several years later before deploying to South American waters. Carlo Alberto then served as a training ship for several years. Both ships participated in the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12 and played minor roles in World War I, during which time Carlo Alberto was converted into a troop transport and Vettor Pisani into a repair ship. They were both discarded in 1920 and subsequently scrapped.

Italian cruiser Carlo Alberto
Carlo Alberto was the second of two Vettor Pisani-class armored cruisers built for the Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) in the 1890s. She was deployed overseas several times during her career, notably to the Far East and South America. The ship was used as a royal yacht by King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy in 1902, during which time she was used for radio experiments by Guglielmo Marconi. Carlo Alberto served as a training ship before the start of the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–12. During the war she supported Italian operations in Libya. The ship was virtually inactive during World War I and was converted into a troop transport in 1917–18. Carlo Alberto was stricken from the Navy List in 1920 and subsequently broken up for scrap.
Algonquin Area Public Library District
The Algonquin Area Public Library District has two library facilities located in the village of Algonquin, Illinois. Covering approximately 14 square miles (36 km2), the Algonquin Area Public Library District encompasses roughly half of the village of Algonquin, a large part of the village of Lake in the Hills and a small portion of the village of Cary.

Algonquin, Illinois
Algonquin is a village in McHenry and Kane counties, Illinois, in the United States. It is a suburb of Chicago, located approximately 40 miles (64 km) northwest of the Loop. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 29,700.

The village is known as "The Gem of the Fox River Valley", referring to the location of its downtown.
Nanzhang County
Nanzhang County (simplified Chinese: 南漳县; traditional Chinese: 南漳縣; pinyin: Nánzhāng Xiàn) is a county of northwestern Hubei province, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Xiangyang City.

Xiangyang
Xiangyang is the second-largest prefecture-level city by population in northwestern Hubei province, China. It was known as Xiangfan from 1950 to 2010. The Han River runs through Xiangyang's centre and divides the city north–south. The city itself is an agglomeration of two once separate cities: Fancheng and Xiangyang (or Xiangcheng), and was known as Xiangfan before 2010. What remains of old Xiangyang is located south of the Han River and contains one of the oldest still-intact city walls in China, while Fancheng is located to the north of the Han River. Both cities served prominent historical roles in both ancient and pre-modern Chinese history. Today, the city has been a target of government and private investment as the country seeks to urbanize and develop the interior provinces. Its built-up area made up of 3 urban districts had 2,319,640 inhabitants at the 2020 census while the whole municipality contained approximately 5,260,951 people.
Battle of Bagdoura
The Battle of Bagdoura or Battle of Baqdura was a decisive confrontation in the Berber Revolt in late 741 CE. It was a follow-up to the Battle of the Nobles the previous year, and resulted in a major Berber victory over the Arabs by the Sebou River (near modern Fes). The battle would permanently break the hold of the Umayyad Caliphate over the far western Maghreb (Modern day Morocco), and the resulting retreat of elite Syrian forces into Spain would have implications for the stability of al-Andalus.

Habib ibn Abi Ubayda al-Fihri
Habib ibn Abi Ubayda al-Fihri (Arabic: حبيب بن أبي عبيدة الفهري) (died October 741) was an Arab military commander of the Fihrid (or 'Oqbid') family  who played an important role in the early history of Ifriqiya (Tunisia), al-Andalus (Spain) and Sicily.
Pingfang, Harbin
Pingfang District (simplified Chinese: 平房区; traditional Chinese: 平房區; pinyin: Píngfáng Qū) is one of nine districts of the prefecture-level city of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, forming part of the city's urban core. The least spacious of Harbin's county-level divisions, it borders the districts of Xiangfang to the north, Acheng to the east, Shuangcheng to the southwest, and Nangang to the west.

Shuangcheng, Harbin
Shuangcheng District (simplified Chinese: 双城区; traditional Chinese: 雙城區; pinyin: Shuāngchéng Qū) is one of nine districts of the prefecture-level city of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, covering part of the southwestern suburbs. The district was approved to establish from the former Shuangcheng City (双城市) by the Chinese State Council on May 2, 2014. It sits approximately 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-southwest of downtown Harbin. Formerly a county-level city until 15 May 2014. The westernmost county-level division of Harbin City, it borders Daoli District to the north, Nangang and Pingfang Districts to the northeast, Acheng District to the east, and Wuchang to the southeast, as well as the Jilin prefecture-level divisions of Changchun to the south and Songyuan to the southwest.
2010 United Bowl
The 2010 United Bowl was the second title game of the Indoor Football League (IFL). It was played on July 17, 2010, at the Billings Sports Plex in Billings, Montana. The top seed in the Intense Conference (Billings Outlaws) defeated the United Conference's two-seed team, Sioux Falls Storm, by a score of 43–34.

Billings Outlaws
The Billings Outlaws were a professional indoor football team based in Billings, Montana. They were a member of the Indoor Football League (IFL), of which they were the 2-time defending champions. They played their home games at Rimrock Auto Arena at MetraPark. Their games were broadcast live locally on News Talk 910 KBLG AM and online through Teamline.
Altenilpe
Altenilpe is a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg in the district Hochsauerlandkreis in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The village has 154 inhabitants and lies in the north of the municipality of Schmallenberg at a height of around 438 m on Kreisstraße 20. The river Ilpe flows through the village. Altenilpe borders on the villages of Bad Fredeburg, Hengsiepen, Nierentrop, Oberhenneborn, and Sellinghausen.

The first written document mentioning Ahlenifelpe and Yfflepe dates from 1313. The village used to belong to the municipality of Dorlar in Amt Schmallenberg until the end of 1974.

Schmallenberg
Schmallenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈʃmalənbɛʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Smalmereg) is a town and a climatic health resort in the High Sauerland District, Germany. By area, it is the third biggest of all cities and towns of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the second biggest of the region of Westphalia.

With small Schmallenberg central town and the rural Bad Fredeburg Kneipp health resort the town has two urban settlements. Additionally, 82 villages and hamlets belong to the town's territory. Also being called “the Schmallenberg Sauerland”, the Town of Schmallenberg is famous for its total of five health resorts and nine villages which have been awarded gold for their beauty in the nationwide “Our village has a future” contest.
Tepuka Vili Vili
Tepuka Vili Vili, or Tepuka Savilivili, is an islet of Funafuti, Tuvalu.

Tepuka Vili Vili is part of the Funafuti Conservation Area, established in 1996 with the aim of preserving the natural fauna and flora of the area. Tepuka Vili Vili was devastated by Cyclone Keli in 1997, with all its vegetation and most of its sand swept away during the cyclone.

The islet is an example of dynamic action of a coral atoll changing with the effect of cyclones and wave action:

a net loss in area of 22 percent since 1896 is only part of the story. The island has undergone an almost constant reworking of its sedimentary material during the past century. It's grown longer (by 550 feet, or 170 meters) and narrower (by 390 feet, or 120 meters), and its position has rotated clockwise on the reef.

Te Ava Kum Kum is the passage through the Funafuti atoll in the middle of the western rim, south of Te Ava Tepuka Vili, between the islets of Tepuka Vili Vili to the north and Fualopa immediately south.

Funafuti Conservation Area
8°31′S 179°03′E﻿ / ﻿8.517°S 179.050°E﻿ / -8.517; 179.050
The Funafuti Conservation Area is a marine conservation area covering 33 square kilometers (12.74 square miles) of reef, lagoon and motu (islets) on the western side of Funafuti atoll in Tuvalu. The marine environment of the conservation area includes reef, lagoon, channel and ocean; and are home to many species of fish, corals, algae and invertebrates. The islets are nesting sites for the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) and Fualopa hosts a breeding colony of black noddy (Anous minutes).

The decision to create a protected area (Kogatapu) was made in 1999; the purpose of the Funafuti Conservation Area is the conservation of the marine and land based biodiversity (plants, animals and ecosystems) within the protected area. The boundaries of the Funafuti Conservation Area encompass about 20 percent of the total coral reef area of Funafuti lagoon (Te Namo), and is an important part of the protection of the coral reefs of Tuvalu.
Total delivery cost
Total Delivered Cost (TDC) is the amount of money it takes for a company to manufacture and deliver a product. Its components are:

Total Manufacturing Cost: Costs incurred up to and inclusive of the production of finished and wrapped pallets or unit loads, fit for introduction into the warehousing and distribution chain.

Product Supply Non-Manufacturing Expense: Administrative and developmental costs associated with the purchase of materials, engineering, design of a plant worthy production process, and administrative costs required to manage it.

Finished Product Logistics Costs: Costs incurred from the entry of finished, wrapped pallets, or unit loads to the warehousing and distribution chain, until delivery of cases to the customer's receiving dock.

Manufacturing cost
Manufacturing cost is the sum of costs of all resources consumed in the process of making a product. The manufacturing cost is classified into three categories: direct materials cost, direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead. It is a factor in total delivery cost.
Time geography
Time geography or time-space geography is an evolving transdisciplinary perspective on spatial and temporal processes and events such as social interaction, ecological interaction, social and environmental change, and biographies of individuals. Time geography "is not a subject area per se", but rather an integrative ontological framework and visual language in which space and time are basic dimensions of analysis of dynamic processes. Time geography was originally developed by human geographers, but today it is applied in multiple fields related to transportation, regional planning, geography, anthropology, time-use research, ecology, environmental science, and public health. According to Swedish geographer Bo Lenntorp: "It is a basic approach, and every researcher can connect it to theoretical considerations in her or his own way."

World line
The world line (or worldline) of an object is the path that an object traces in 4-dimensional spacetime. It is an important concept of modern physics, and particularly theoretical physics.

The concept of a "world line" is distinguished from concepts such as an "orbit" or a "trajectory" (e.g., a planet's orbit in space or the trajectory of a car on a road) by inclusion of the dimension time, and typically encompasses a large area of spacetime wherein paths which are straight perceptually are rendered as curves in spacetime to show their (relatively) more absolute position states—to reveal the nature of special relativity or gravitational interactions.

The idea of world lines was originated by physicists and was pioneered by Hermann Minkowski. The term is now used most often in the context of relativity theories (i.e., special relativity and general relativity).
North Carolina Granite Corporation Quarry Complex
North Carolina Granite Corporation Quarry Complex is a historic granite quarry and national historic district located at Mount Airy, Surry County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 22 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 8 contributing structures in an area approximately one mile long and 1/3 mile wide.  Notable contributing resources include the cutting shed (1927), the office building (1928), and a building originally used as a blacksmith shop.  It is the world's largest open faced granite quarry.  Granite from the quarry was used to build the United States Bullion Depository at Fort Knox, the Arlington Memorial Bridge in Washington, the Wright Brothers National Memorial at Kitty Hawk, and the Albert Einstein Memorial in Washington.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Mount Airy, North Carolina
Mount Airy (/ˈmaʊntəri/) is a city in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 10,676. As of 2020, the city is the most populous municipality in Surry County.  Mount Airy is located within the Piedmont Triad metropolitan region.
Metro Series
The Metro Series is an annual college basketball rivalry game between the Detroit Mercy Titans and the Oakland Golden Grizzlies. Both schools are located in the U.S. state of Michigan in the Metro Detroit area, with Detroit Mercy being in the city of Detroit proper while Oakland is located in the Detroit suburb of Rochester. They are the only two Division I institutions in the Detroit area. Both compete as members of the Horizon League.

Oakland Golden Grizzlies men's basketball
The Oakland Golden Grizzlies men's basketball team represents Oakland University in Auburn Hills, Michigan, United States. The school's team competes in the Horizon League and plays their home games at the Athletics Center O'rena. The Golden Grizzlies are coached by Greg Kampe. Kampe is the longest-tenured active Division I head coach. Oakland last played in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament in 2024.

Through the 2022–23 season, Oakland has made a three-point field goal in 1,093 consecutive games, the fourth-longest active NCAA Division I streak. They last finished a game without a three-pointer on January 30, 1988.