hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Killing of Nick Berg
Nicholas Evan Berg (April 2, 1978 – May 7, 2004) was an American freelance radio-tower repairman who went to Iraq after the United States' invasion of Iraq. He was abducted and beheaded according to a video released in May 2004 by Islamist militants in response to the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse involving the United States Army and Iraqi prisoners. The CIA claimed Berg was murdered by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. The decapitation video was released on the internet, reportedly from London to a Malaysian-hosted homepage by the Islamist organization Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad.

Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (Arabic: جماعة التوحيد والجهاد, lit. 'Congregation of Monotheism and Jihad'), abbreviated as JTJ or Jama'at, was a Salafi jihadist militant group. It was founded in Jordan in 1999, and was led by Jordanian national Abu Musab al-Zarqawi for the entirety of its existence. During the Iraqi insurgency (2003–11) the group became a decentralized network with foreign fighters with a considerable Iraqi membership.

On 17 October 2004, al-Zarqawi pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda network, and the group became known as Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (commonly known as al-Qaeda in Iraq or Tanzim). After several mergers with other groups and the formation of the Mujahideen Shura Council, it changed its name several times until it called itself Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) in 2006.  The group is often seen as the predecessor of the Islamic State.
Paopi 29
Paopi 28 – Coptic calendar – Paopi 30

The twenty-ninth day of the Coptic month of Paopi, the second month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to October 26, of the Julian calendar, and November 8, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.

Paopi 30
Paopi 29 – Coptic calendar – Hathor 1

The thirtieth day of the Coptic month of Paopi, the second month of the Coptic year.  On a common year, this day corresponds to October 27, of the Julian calendar, and November 9, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.
Tygart Dam
Tygart Dam — also known as Tygart River Dam — is a gravity dam built (1934-38) and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in Taylor County, West Virginia, United States. The dam regulates the waters of the Tygart Valley River. Its storage reservoir is known as Tygart Lake. Most of the lakeshore is occupied by Tygart Lake State Park and Pleasant Creek Wildlife Management Area. The structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

Tygart Valley River
The Tygart Valley River — also known as the Tygart River — is a principal tributary of the Monongahela River, approximately 135 miles (217 km) long, in east-central West Virginia in the United States. Via the Monongahela and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of 1,329 square miles (3,440 km2) in the Allegheny Mountains and the unglaciated portion of the Allegheny Plateau.
Vaxis – Act II: A Window of the Waking Mind
Vaxis – Act II: A Window of the Waking Mind is the tenth studio album by American progressive rock band Coheed and Cambria. The album, like most of the studio albums from the band, is a concept album that continues the Amory Wars storyline. It was released on June 24, 2022.

Coheed and Cambria
Coheed and Cambria is an American progressive rock band from Nyack, New York, formed in 1995. It consists of Claudio Sanchez (vocals, guitars, keyboards), Travis Stever (guitars, vocals), Josh Eppard (drums, keyboards, backing vocals), and Zach Cooper (bass, backing vocals). The group's music incorporates aspects of progressive rock, pop, heavy metal, and post-hardcore.

All of Coheed and Cambria's albums except for 2015's The Color Before the Sun are concept albums based on a science fiction storyline called The Amory Wars, a series written by Sanchez, which has been transcribed into a series of comic books as well as a full-length novel. The band has released eleven studio albums, three live albums, and several special-edition releases. Six of their albums have reached the Billboard Top 10. The band's eleventh studio album, Vaxis – Act III: The Father of Make Believe, was released in 2025.
Monte Vista Hotel
The Monte Vista Hotel was a building which had been formerly located at the intersection of what today are Fenwick Street and Floralita Avenue in the Sunland-Tujunga district of Los Angeles. It was considered the first structure built in the district as well as the last surviving structure of a larger, pre-existing facility known as the Monte Vista Lodge.

Sunland-Tujunga, Los Angeles
Sunland-Tujunga /təˈhʌŋɡə/ is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, within the Crescenta Valley and Verdugo Mountains. Sunland and Tujunga began as separate settlements and today are linked through a single police station, branch library, neighborhood council, chamber of commerce, city council district, and high school. The merging of these communities under a hyphenated name goes back as far as 1928. Sunland-Tujunga contains the highest point of the city, Mount Lukens.
ZFS (z/OS file system)
z/OS File System (zFS) (official name: z/OS® Distributed File Service zSeries® File System) is a POSIX-style hierarchical file system for IBM's z/OS operating system for z System mainframes, a successor to that operating system's HFS.

zFS technology was first released in 1995 as the Local File System, a lower layer of the DCE Distributed File System. It was available on MVS/ESA V5R2.2 and all OS/390 releases. DFS/LFS was provided as a part of the DCE feature, not part of the base operating system.

As a separate feature (outside the DCE feature), zFS was initially released for z/OS as PTFs (patches) for z/OS 1.2, with backports available for z/OS 1.1 and OS/390 2.10. Beginning with z/OS 1.3, zFS is included as a standard feature and is being actively developed.

Z/OS
z/OS is a 64-bit operating system for IBM z/Architecture mainframes, introduced by IBM in October 2000. It derives from and is the successor to OS/390, which in turn was preceded by a string of MVS versions. Like OS/390, z/OS combines a number of formerly separate, related products, some of which are still optional. z/OS has the attributes of modern operating systems but also retains much of the older functionality that originated in the 1960s and is still in regular use—z/OS is designed for backward compatibility.
Kunihiko Kodaira
Kunihiko Kodaira (小平 邦彦, Kodaira Kunihiko; Japanese pronunciation: [kodaꜜiɾa kɯɲiꜜçi̥ko], 16 March 1915 – 26 July 1997) was a Japanese mathematician known for distinguished work in algebraic geometry and the theory of complex manifolds, and as the founder of the Japanese school of algebraic geometers. He was awarded a Fields Medal in 1954, being the first Japanese national to receive this honour.

Donald C. Spencer
Donald Clayton Spencer (April 25, 1912 – December 23, 2001) was an American mathematician, known for work on deformation theory of structures arising in differential geometry, and on several complex variables from the point of view of partial differential equations. He was born in Boulder, Colorado, and educated at the University of Colorado and MIT.
Corton, Suffolk
Corton is a village and civil parish in the north of the English county of Suffolk. It is 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the centre of Lowestoft in the East Suffolk district. The village is on the North Sea coast with the county border with Norfolk to the north.

At the 2011 United Kingdom census the parish had a population of 1,099. It borders the Suffolk parishes of Lound, Blundeston and Flixton as well as the Lowestoft suburb of Gunton and, to the north, the Norfolk parish of Hopton-on-Sea.

The A47 road runs along much of the western border of the parish and cuts through the south-western portion, along with the A1117. The roads meet at a junction near the Pleasurewood Hills theme park, located just south of the parish boundary in Gunton. The former Yarmouth–Lowestoft railway line ran through the village and Corton railway station operated between 1903 and 1970 when the line was closed.

Gunton, Suffolk
Gunton is a suburb of Lowestoft, in the East Suffolk district, in the English county of Suffolk. Gunton was a small coastal village, but over the years it has been suburbanised. Gunton has an estimated population of 6,640. The main A47 or Yarmouth Road runs through the area. The eastern part of Gunton, from Yarmouth Road to Gunton Cliff, is one of the most affluent parts of Lowestoft, after the North Broads area of Oulton Broad.

Hollingsworth Road, the main road through west Gunton, is named after the philanthropist Howard Hollingsworth who lived at Gunton Cliff.

Gunton was home to Roland Leighton and his family, and it is described by Vera Brittain in her First World War autobiography Testament of Youth.
Thoroughbred racing
Thoroughbred racing is a sport and industry involving the racing of Thoroughbred horses. It is governed by different national bodies. There are two forms of the sport – flat racing and jump racing, the latter known as National Hunt racing in the UK and steeplechasing in the US. Jump racing can be further divided into hurdling and steeplechasing.

According to The Guardian, the racing of Thoroughbreds has been steadily declining in popularity worldwide. Between 700 and 800 racehorses die in racing each year.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
Gabriel Sphrantzes
Gabriel Sphrantzes (Greek: Γαβριήλ Σφραντζῆς, fl. before 1280) was a Byzantine aristocrat and courtier.

Very little is known about him. He was possibly the son of Maria Sphrantzaina, daughter of John Petraliphas and a sister-in-law of Michael II Komnenos Doukas, Despot of Epirus. She was widowed in 1257 and then remarried, first to the governor of Arbanon Constantine Chabaron, and finally to Filippo Chinardo, the Sicilian admiral of Corfu. At some point he served as parakoimomenos of the great seal to Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282), but was blinded by him sometime before 1280. He is last mentioned in that year, when he accompanied the emperor to Nicomedia, along with his cousin John Doukas.

Parakoimomenos
The parakoimōmenos (Greek: παρακοιμώμενος, literally "the one who sleeps beside [the emperor's chamber]") was a Byzantine court position, usually reserved for eunuchs. The position's proximity to the emperors guaranteed its holders influence and power, and many of them, especially in the 9th and 10th centuries, functioned as the Byzantine Empire's chief ministers.
Perovo, Kamnik
Perovo (pronounced [pɛˈɾoːʋɔ]; German: Perau) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Kamnik in central Slovenia. It is now part of the town of Kamnik. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Kamnik
Kamnik (pronounced [ˈkáːmnik] ⓘ; German: Stein or Stein in Oberkrain) is the ninth-largest town of Slovenia, located in the traditional province of Upper Carniola (northern Slovenia). It is the seat of the Municipality of Kamnik, which encompasses a large part of the Kamnik Alps and the surrounding area. The town of Kamnik has three castles as well as many examples of historical architecture.
Star Mosque
Star Mosque (also known as Tara Masjid), is a mosque located in Armanitola area, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The mosque has ornate designs and is decorated with motifs of blue stars. It was built in the first half of the 19th century by Mirza Golam Pir (Mirza Ahmed Jan). It is also the image on the ৳5 note on the Bangladeshi taka currency.

Armanitola
Armanitola (Bengali: আরমানিটোলা) is an area in the old city of Dhaka, the capital and largest city of Bangladesh. The area takes its name from the Armenian settlement that surrounded Armenian church there.
Polyvinyl fluoride
Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or –(CH2CHF)n– is a polymer material mainly used in the flammability-lowering coatings of airplane interiors and photovoltaic module backsheets. It is also used in raincoats and metal sheeting. Polyvinyl fluoride is a thermoplastic fluoropolymer with a repeating vinyl fluoride unit, and it is structurally very similar to polyvinyl chloride.

Vinyl halide
In organic chemistry, a vinyl halide is a compound with the formula CH2=CHX (X = halide). The term vinyl is often used to describe any alkenyl group. For this reason, alkenyl halides with the formula RCH=CHX are sometimes called vinyl halides. From the perspective of applications, the dominant member of this class of compounds is vinyl chloride, which is produced on the scale of millions of tons per year as a precursor to polyvinyl chloride. Polyvinyl fluoride is another commercial product. Related compounds include vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride.
Denver, North Carolina
Denver, formerly known as Dry Pond, is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Lincoln County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 2,309.

Known as “Dry Pond” until 1873, it was renamed “Denver” (after the capital of the then territory of Colorado) as a marketing and growth strategy directed towards the emerging railroad industry. The name change was championed by D. Matt Thompson, a local principal. The town was incorporated as such from 1877 until 1971, when the town lost its charter and was reincorporated back into Lincoln County.

North Carolina Highway 16
North Carolina Highway 16 (NC 16) is a 143.8-mile (231.4 km) primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Traveling in a north–south direction, it connects the cities and towns of Charlotte, Newton, Conover, Taylorsville, Wilkesboro and Jefferson, linking the Charlotte metropolitan area with the mountainous High Country.  NC 16 is part of a three-state route 16 that connects the Charlotte region with northwestern West Virginia.
Industrial and Railway Employees Trade Union
The Industrial and Railway Employees Trade Union was a trade union in Trinidad and Tobago that merged in 1957 with the Government Farm and Nursery Workers Trade Union and the Works and Hydraulics Industrial Workers Union to form the National Union of Government Employees

Government Farm and Nursery Workers Trade Union
The Government Farm and Nursery Workers Trade Union was a trade union in Trinidad and Tobago that merged in 1957 with the Industrial and Railway Employees Trade Union and the Works and Hydraulics Industrial Workers Union to form the National Union of Government Employees
Newport Technical Institute
Newport Technical Institute is a Grade II-listed building in the city centre of Newport, Wales.

The red-brick building with a copper dome stands in Clarence Place on the east bank of the River Usk, close to Newport Bridge. It was built on land purchased from Lord Tredegar and opened in September 1910. Known locally as the former "Art College" or "School of Art", the Newport Technical Institute and its School of Art evolved from the Newport Mechanics Institute.

After the School of Art relocated to the University of Wales, Newport Caerleon campus, the building fell into serious disrepair. In 2008 redevelopment began to convert the building into apartments and was completed in 2012.

University of Wales, Newport
The University of Wales, Newport (Welsh: Prifysgol Cymru, Casnewydd), was a public university based in Newport, South Wales, before the merger that formed the University of South Wales in April 2013. The university was founded as a mechanics' institute in 1841 and became an affiliated institution of the University of Wales in 1992. It had two campuses in Newport, Caerleon on the northern outskirts of the city, and a campus on the east bank of the River Usk in Newport city centre.

In 2012 the university was ranked 111th out of 120 UK universities in the Guardian League Table for university rankings, 105th out of 116 in The Complete University Guide and 104th out of 116 UK universities in the Times Good University Guide.
Bonvicino
Bonvicino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Cuneo. On 31 December 2004, it had a population of 122 and an area of 7.2 square kilometres (2.8 sq mi).

Bonvicino borders the following municipalities: Belvedere Langhe, Bossolasco, Dogliani, Murazzano and Somano.

Somano
Somano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 399 and an area of 11.8 square kilometres (4.6 sq mi).

The municipality of Somano contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Fossati, Altavilla, Sant'Antonio, Manzoni, Albere, Garombo, Curine, Peisino, Ruatalunga, and Costalunga.

Somano borders the following municipalities: Bonvicino, Bossolasco, and Dogliani.
Club Trésors de Champagne
Club Trésors de Champagne (also Special Club) was founded in 1971 by 12 of the oldest families of the Champagne wine region; current membership includes  25 producers of grower Champagnes. The Special Club designated Champagnes are the tête de cuvée of each producer. The original  group of twelve growers first called  it Club de Viticultures Champenois, and in 1999  changed their name to Club Trésors de Champagne. Special Club Champagnes must be produced, bottled and aged at the member's estate, including a minimum of three years aging on lees.  The purpose of the club is to highlight the unique terroir of each family holding. Current members who were part of the founding of the group include Pierre Gimonnet, Gaston Chiquet and Paul Bara.
In 2003,  the vintage was deemed   unbalanced, and so the Club decided not to produce any Special Club wines that year.

Henri Goutorbe
Henri Goutorbe  is a Grower Champagne and member of Club Trésors de Champagne.  The 25 hectares of vines located in Vallée de la Marne produce 15,000 cases annually. The vineyards are planted to 70 percent pinot noir, 27 percent chardonnay and three percent pinot meunier. 
The family has Premier cru sites in Mareuil-sur-Ay, Mutigny and Bisseuil, and a Grand cru site in Aÿ.
Freemasons' Hall, London
Freemasons' Hall in London is the headquarters of the United Grand Lodge of England and the Supreme Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of England, as well as being a meeting place for many Masonic Lodges in the London area. It is located in Great Queen Street between Holborn and Covent Garden and has been a Masonic meeting place since 1775.

Parts of the building are open to the public daily, and its preserved classic Art Deco style, together with its regular use as a film and television location, have made it a tourist destination.

United Grand Lodge of England
The United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) is the governing Masonic lodge for the majority of freemasons in England, Wales, and the Commonwealth of Nations. Claiming descent from the Masonic Grand Lodge formed 24 June 1717 at the Goose & Gridiron Tavern in London, it is considered to be the oldest Masonic Grand Lodge in the world, together with the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and the Grand Lodge of Ireland.
Modular building
A modular building is a prefabricated building that consists of repeated sections called modules. Modularity involves constructing sections away from the building site, then delivering them to the intended site. Installation of the prefabricated sections is completed on site. Prefabricated sections are sometimes placed using a crane. The modules can be placed side-by-side, end-to-end, or stacked, allowing for a variety of configurations and styles. After placement, the modules are joined together using inter-module connections, also known as inter-connections. The inter-connections tie the individual modules together to form the overall building structure.

Legal & General
Legal & General Group plc, commonly known as Legal & General or L&G, is a British multinational financial services and asset management company headquartered in London, England. Its products and services include investment management, lifetime mortgages (a form of equity release), pensions, annuities, and life insurance.  As of January 2020, it no longer provides general insurance following the sale of Legal & General Insurance to Allianz, a portfolio that primarily included home insurance and a small number of pet insurance policies.

Legal & General is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. Legal & General's Asset Management business is ranked as the 18th largest asset manager globally and the largest in the United Kingdom, by assets under management (AUM). It is also the second largest institutional investment management firm in Europe (after BlackRock).
James Williamson (musician)
James Robert Williamson (born October 29, 1949) is an American guitarist, songwriter, record producer and electronics engineer. He was a member of the proto-punk rock band the Stooges, notably on the album Raw Power and in the reformed Stooges from 2009 to 2016. Between his stints in music, Williamson worked in Silicon Valley developing computer chips. Most recently he has continued as a solo artist.

New Values
New Values is the third solo album by American musician Iggy Pop. It was released on April 27, 1979, by Arista. It reached number 60 in the UK albums chart, and number 180 on the Billboard 200 and would be Pop's first solo effort made without the involvement of David Bowie.
Haley Hopkins
Haley Elizabeth Hopkins (born December 21, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward for the Kansas City Current of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She has been the president of the NWSL Players Association since 2025.

Hopkins played six years of college soccer, four with the Vanderbilt Commodores and two with the Virginia Cavaliers. She was selected by the North Carolina Courage in the first round of the 2023 NWSL Draft.

2023 NWSL Challenge Cup
The 2023 NWSL Challenge Cup, known as the 2023 UKG NWSL Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons, was a league cup competition that took place during the 2023 National Women's Soccer League season. It was the fourth edition of the NWSL Challenge Cup tournament.

The 2023 NWSL Challenge Cup was the first time the NWSL Challenge Cup was played concurrently with the regular season, bringing it in line with most other league cup competitions worldwide. It was also the first edition under a multi-year sponsorship with UKG, which increased the pool of prize money to $1 million toward a goal of achieving equal compensation when compared to men's leagues and open cup competitions in the United States.

The North Carolina Courage defeated the Racing Louisville FC 2–0 in the final.