hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leer (district)
Leer is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the city of Emden, the districts of Aurich, Wittmund, Friesland, Ammerland, Cloppenburg and Emsland, and by the Netherlands (Province of Groningen).

Cloppenburg (district)
Cloppenburg is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Ammerland, Oldenburg, Vechta, Osnabrück, Emsland and Leer.

Like the neighbouring Vechta district, it is well known for factory farming, especially of turkeys and pigs. These two districts are also known as the Schweinegürtel (“pig belt”). The ground is mostly of poor quality. The mass import of animal food made factory farming possible. With the help of liquid manure, corn is grown, which is also used for a growing production of biogas.
Soto del Barco
Soto del Barco (Asturian: Sotu'l Barcu) is a small, coastal municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is located on the banks of the mouth of the Nalón and along the Cantabrian coast. As of 2023, the municipality is home to 3,818 people who reside in five parishes: Soto del Barco, L'Arena, Ranón, Riberas, and La Corrada.

After the Roman occupation of Iberia, a fort, which had been constructed in the area in order to defend the mouth of the Nalón, was either restored or reconstructed by Alfonso III; this fort is still standing and is known as the Castillo de San Martín. Until 1836, Soto del Barco fell under the municipality of Pravia; it became independent on 29 December. Its population reached its peak at over 6,000 in the 1960s; due to the weakening of the local fishing and canning industries, the population has fallen markedly since that decade. The service and tourism industries are now the largest in the municipality.

L'Arena, Asturias
L'Arena, also known by its Spanish name, San Juan de la Arena, is one of the five parishes of Soto del Barco, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is situated near the mouth of the river Nalón, which flows into the Cantabrian Sea. Los Quebrantos Beach is also located within the parish.
James E. Long
James Eugene Long (March 19, 1940 – February 2, 2009) was the North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance from 1985 through 2009 retiring as the senior Democratic member of the North Carolina Council of State. He was the third-longest-serving statewide elected official in North Carolina history as of 2009.

North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance
The commissioner of insurance is a statewide elected office in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The commissioner is a constitutional officer who leads the state's Department of Insurance and sits on the North Carolina Council of State. The current commissioner is Mike Causey, who has held that office since January 1, 2017.
Erotokritos
Erotokritos (Greek: Ἐρωτόκριτος) is a romance composed by Vikentios Kornaros in early 17th century Crete. It consists of 10,012 fifteen-syllable rhymed verses, the last twelve of which refer to the poet himself. It is written in the Cretan dialect of the Greek language. Its central theme is love between Erotokritos (only referred to in the work as Rotokritos or Rokritos) and Aretousa. Around this theme, revolve other themes such as honour, friendship, bravery and courage. Erotokritos and Erophile by Georgios Hortatzis constitute classic examples of Greek Renaissance literature and are considered to be the most important works of Cretan literature. It remains a popular work to this day, largely due to the music that accompanies it when it is publicly recited. A particular type of rhyming used in the traditional mantinades was also the one used in Erotokritos.

Political verse
Political verse (Greek: politikós stíkhos, πολιτικός στίχος), also known as decapentasyllabic verse (from Greek: dekapentasíllavos, δεκαπεντασύλλαβος, lit. '15-syllable'), is a common metric form in Medieval and Modern Greek poetry. It is an iambic verse of fifteen syllables and has been the main meter of traditional popular and folk poetry since the Byzantine period.

The name is unrelated to the modern English concept of politics and does not imply political content; rather, it derives from the original meaning of the Greek word πολιτικός, civil or civic, meaning that it was originally a form used for secular poetry, the non-religious entertainment of the people of the polis, the city-state.

It is also called "ἡμαξευμένοι στίχοι" (imaksevméni stíhi "like-a-chariot-on-a-paved-road") verse, because the words run freely like a chariot on a good driving surface.
Liberace
Władziu Valentino Liberace (May 16, 1919 – February 4, 1987) was an American pianist, singer and actor. He was born in Wisconsin to parents of Italian and Polish origin and enjoyed a career spanning four decades of concerts, recordings, television, motion pictures and endorsements. At the height of his fame from the 1950s to 1970s, he was the highest-paid entertainer in the world with established concert residencies in Las Vegas and an international touring schedule.

He became popular with general audiences due to performances that included showmanship and elaborate costumes and choreography. His critical reception was mixed, with some believing his playing was flashy but lacking in depth.

In 1959, Liberace successfully sued the Daily Mirror for libel after they published an article implying that he was homosexual (which was criminalized at the time). Later, in 1982, he was sued by his lover and chauffeur, Scott Thorson, for palimony. He continued to deny that he was homosexual.

Liberace Museum Collection
The Liberace Museum Collection is a private museum collection that includes many stage costumes, cars, jewelry, lavishly decorated pianos and numerous citations for philanthropic acts that belonged to the American entertainer and pianist Wladziu Valentino Liberace, better known as Liberace.

Originally exhibited in the former Liberace Museum located in Paradise, Nevada, the Liberace Foundation for the Creative and Performing Arts later housed the primary collection of Liberace's outfits at Thriller Villa, the former Las Vegas home of Michael Jackson, and displayed Liberace’s automobiles, related artifacts and occasional special exhibits at the Liberace Garage in Las Vegas.  Liberace Garage doubled its square footage to approximately 10,000 in 2020, now facilitating storage of the entire Liberace Museum Collection, as well as exhibit space.
Colloidal gold
Colloidal gold is a sol or colloidal suspension of nanoparticles of gold in a fluid, usually water. The colloid is coloured usually either wine red (for spherical particles less than 100 nm) or blue-purple (for larger spherical particles or nanorods).
Due to their optical, electronic, and molecular-recognition properties, gold nanoparticles are the subject of substantial research, with many potential or promised applications in a wide variety of areas, including electron microscopy, electronics, nanotechnology, materials science, and biomedicine.

The properties of colloidal gold nanoparticles, and thus their potential applications, depend strongly upon their size and shape. For example, rodlike particles have both a transverse and longitudinal absorption peak, and anisotropy of the shape affects their self-assembly.

Chloroauric acid
Chloroauric acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H[AuCl4]. It forms hydrates H[AuCl4]·nH2O. Both the trihydrate and tetrahydrate are known. Both are orange-yellow solids consisting of the planar [AuCl4]− anion. Often chloroauric acid is handled as a solution, such as those obtained by dissolution of gold in aqua regia. These solutions can be converted to other gold complexes or reduced to metallic gold or gold nanoparticles.
Hugglescote and Donington le Heath
Hugglescote and Donington le Heath is a civil parish in North West Leicestershire, England. It includes the villages of Hugglescote and Donington le Heath, each of which is about 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the centre of Coalville. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 4,446.

The council consists of nine elected councillors who serve the whole parish.

At its annual meeting, held in May each year, the council appoints a chairman and vice-chairman. The current chairman is Councillor Russell Johnson (Labour) and the current vice-chairman is Councillor Clark Robinson
.

Clockwise, from the north, it borders the unparished area of Coalville and the parishes of Ellistown and Battleflat, Ravenstone with Snibston and Ibstock.

North West Leicestershire
North West Leicestershire is a local government district in Leicestershire, England. The towns in the district include of Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Castle Donington, Coalville (where the council is based) and Ibstock. Notable villages in the district include Donington le Heath, Ellistown, Hugglescote, Kegworth, Measham, Shackerstone, Thringstone and Whitwick.

Castle Donington is notable as the location of Donington Park, a grand-prix circuit and a major venue for music festivals. The area has a long history of mineral extraction, with coal, brick clay, gravel and granite amongst the products. All the deep coal mines in the area have closed, but opencast mining still continues. The district is also home to part of the Battlefield Line and the Ibstock Brick.

The neighbouring districts are Charnwood, Hinckley and Bosworth, North Warwickshire, Lichfield, South Derbyshire, Erewash and Rushcliffe.
Jean Piaget University of Cape Verde
The Jean Piaget University of Cape Verde (Portuguese: Universidade Jean Piaget de Cabo Verde) is a private university in Cape Verde. The university is named after the famous Swiss child psychologist and philosopher Jean Piaget. The university was established on 7 May 2001, and now has about 2,000 students and 380 academic staff.

The main campus is in the capital city Praia (Palmarejo subdivision) on the island of Santiago, with a smaller second location in Mindelo on the island of São Vicente, opened in 2005. Jean Piaget University offers both undergraduate and graduate degrees, as well as continuing education courses.

Praia
Praia (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾajɐ], Portuguese for "beach") is the capital and largest city of Cape Verde. Located on the southern coast of Santiago island within the Sotavento Islands group, the city is the seat of the Praia Municipality. Praia is the political, economic and cultural center of Cape Verde.
Paul Hisao Yasuda
Paul Hisao Yasuda (Japanese: パウロ 安田 久雄, Hepburn: Pauro Yasuda Hisao, December 20, 1921 – April 23, 2016) was a Japanese prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.

Yasuda was born in Kurume, south western Japan, and was ordained a priest on May 21, 1955. He was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Osaka on February 5, 1970 as well as titular bishop of Tucci and was consecrated bishop on March 21, 1970. Yasuda was appointed archbishop of the Archdiocese of Osaka on November 15, 1978, where he served until his retirement on May 10, 1997. He died in April 2016 at the age of 94.

Archdiocese of Osaka-Takamatsu
34°40′43.71″N 135°31′39.18″E﻿ / ﻿34.6788083°N 135.5275500°E﻿ / 34.6788083; 135.5275500

The Archdiocese of Osaka-Takamatsu (Latin: Archidiocesis Osakensis-Takamatsuensis, Japanese: カトリック大阪高松大司教区, Katorikku Oosaka Daishikyouku) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Japan. Its episcopal see is the city of Osaka.
Zodiac, Texas
Zodiac is a vanished Mormon settlement established in 1847 on the Pedernales River, located 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Fredericksburg, in Gillespie County, in the U.S. state of Texas.  The area it was located on eventually converted to private acreage, and no trace of the settlement remains today. It was the first Mormon colony established by Lyman Wight in Texas. The second settlement was Mormon Mill in Burnet County in 1851, and his third and final settlement was Mormon Camp in 1854 in Bandera County. In 1936, Zodiac was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, Marker number 10133.

Lyman Wight
Lyman Wight (May 9, 1796 – March 31, 1858) was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. He was the leader of the Latter Day Saints in Daviess County, Missouri, in 1838. In 1841, he was ordained a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. After the death of Joseph Smith resulted in a succession crisis, Wight led his own break-off group of Latter Day Saints to Texas, where they created a settlement. While in Texas, Wight broke with the main body of the group led by Brigham Young. Wight was ordained president of his own church, but he later sided with the claims of William Smith, and eventually of Joseph Smith III. After his death, most of the "Wightites" (as members of this church were called) joined with the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church).
Scripophily
Scripophily is the study and collection of stock and bond certificates. A specialized field of numismatics, scripophily has developed as an area of collecting because of the inherent beauty of certain historical certificates, and because of interest in the historical context of many of the documents. In addition, some stock certificates serve as excellent examples of engraving. Occasionally, an old stock certificate is found that still has value, representing actual shares in the original or a successor company.

Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency,  including coins, tokens, paper money, medals, and related objects.

Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.

The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems.
Han unification
Han unification is an effort by the authors of Unicode and the Universal Character Set to map multiple character sets of the Han characters of the so-called CJK languages into a single set of unified characters. Han characters are a feature shared in common by written Chinese (hanzi), Japanese (kanji), Korean (hanja) and Vietnamese (chữ Hán).

Modern Chinese, Japanese and Korean typefaces typically use regional or historical variants of a given Han character. In the formulation of Unicode, an attempt was made to unify these variants by considering them as allographs – different glyphs representing the same "grapheme" or orthographic unit –  hence, "Han unification", with the resulting character repertoire sometimes contracted to Unihan.

Nevertheless, many characters have regional variants assigned to different code points, such as Traditional 個 (U+500B) versus Simplified 个 (U+4E2A).

Big5
Big-5 or Big5 (Chinese: 大五碼) is a Chinese character encoding method used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau for traditional Chinese characters.

The People's Republic of China (PRC), which uses simplified Chinese characters, uses the GB 18030 character set instead (though it can also substitute Big-5 or UTF-8).

Big5 gets its name from the consortium of five companies in Taiwan that developed it.
Tendring
Tendring is a village and civil parish in Essex. It gives its name to the Tendring District and before that Tendring Rural District and before that the Tendring Hundred. Its name was given to the larger groupings because it was at the centre, not because it was larger than the other settlements. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 748.

The 1086 Domesday Book records the name as Tenderinga and in 1242 the Pipe Rolls mention it as Terring.

The linear village straddles the B1035 from Manningtree to Thorpe-le-Soken.

The parish includes the settlements of Goose Green, Tendring Green and Tendring Heath. The church is dedicated to St Edmund. The Tendring Union Workhouse was located at Tendring Heath. In 1948 the workhouse was converted into an NHS geriatric hospital, which closed in the 1980s.

Tendring Rural District
51°51′32″N 1°07′08″E﻿ / ﻿51.859°N 1.119°E﻿ / 51.859; 1.119

Tendring Rural District was a rural district in Essex, England, from 1894 to 1974, covering a coastal area in the north-east of the county. It was replaced in 1974 with the similarly named but larger Tendring District.
Gomphales
The Gomphales are an order of basidiomycete fungi. Some or all families belonging to Gomphales have been sometimes included in the order Phallales (and vice versa -  they are also sometimes treated as synonyms), the now-obsolete Ramariaceae was also previously included in Cantharellales. Recent phylogenetic analyses include in Gomphales the families of the original description of the order by Walter Jülich, with addition of Clavariadelphaceae. According to one 2008 estimate, the Gomphales contain 18 genera and 336 species.

Cantharellales
The Cantharellales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. The order includes not only the chanterelles (Cantharellaceae), but also some of the tooth fungi (Hydnaceae), clavarioid fungi (Aphelariaceae and Clavulinaceae), and corticioid fungi (Botryobasidiaceae). Species within the order are variously ectomycorrhizal, saprotrophic, associated with orchids, or facultative plant pathogens. Those of economic importance include edible and commercially collected Cantharellus, Craterellus, and Hydnum species as well as crop pathogens in the genera Ceratobasidium and Thanatephorus/Rhizoctonia.
Opeltiella fibrosoides
Opeltiella fibrosoides is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Candelariaceae. It is known to occur only in a single location in Peru, where lichen thrives in a high-altitude environment, specifically on shrubs and cacti in an open pasture land. It was formally described as a new species by Swedish lichenologists Martin Westberg and Patrik Frödén in 2007, first as a member of the genus Candelaria. Although it bears a striking resemblance to C. fibrosa on the surface, it is differentiated by its eight-spored asci and a thallus featuring an ecorticate lower surface. In 2020, Sergey Kondratyuk transferred the taxon to the newly circumscribed genus Opeltiella, following molecular phylogenetic-based analysis of the family Candelariaceae.

Opeltiella
Opeltiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Candelariaceae.  The genus, established by Sergey Kondratyuk in 2020, has three species. It is differentiated from the similar genus Candelaria by its unique features such as eight-spored asci and absence of a lower cortical layer and true rhizines. The genus is characterised by its areolate to more or less squamulose or foliose thallus and the unique chemical substances it contains, such as calycin, pulvinic and vulpinic acids, and pulvinic acid lactone.
Down Town
"Down Town" was a 1987 release by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (better known as The KLF). The song is gospel music driven by house music rhythms, incorporating a sample of Petula Clark's 1964 single "Downtown".

Disco 2000 (band)
Disco 2000 was a British pop band, a side project of The KLF. Vocals were handled by Cress (Cressida Cauty, née Bowyer), then-wife of KLF co-founder Jimmy Cauty, and Mo, June Montana (former vocalist of Jimmy Cauty's previous band Brilliant).  Between 1987 and 1989, Disco 2000 released three singles on the KLF Communications label, none of which entered the top 75 of the UK Singles Chart.
Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama
The Tibet Religious Foundation of His Holiness the Dalai Lama is one of the offices of the official representation of the 14th Dalai Lama and of the Tibetan government in exile, and a non-profit organization, founded in  March 1997 and based in Taipei, Taiwan.

The Office, whose chairman then was Kesang Yangkyi Takla, was open 16 April 1998 in presence of Taiwan President Lee Teng-hui and of Tibetan Minister Sonam Topgyal

The foundation, with Tsegyam Ngawa as its chairman from 2003 to 2008, also serves as a de facto Tibetan representative office in Taiwan.

Since January 2022, Kelsang Gyaltsen Bawa has been serving as the chairman of the Foundation.

Offices of Tibet (Dharamshala)
Offices of Tibet are official agencies of the 14th Dalai Lama and the Central Tibetan Administration based in Dharamshala, India. They are present in 13 countries, based in New Delhi, Kathmandu, Geneva, Washington, D.C., Tokyo, London, Paris, Moscow, Brussels, Canberra, Pretoria, Taipei and Budapest. They are in charge of bilateral relations with different countries as well as with European Union Institutions and the United Nations Organisation. They represent de facto embassies.
Toyota Corolla (E70)
The Corolla E70 was the fourth generation of cars sold by Toyota under the Corolla nameplate.

The fourth-generation model was released in March 1979 in Japan, and was the last generation to have the entire lineup in rear-wheel-drive configuration. Export sales commenced in August 1979. Although most of the fourth generation was replaced by 1984, the station wagon and van versions were offered into late 1987. In 1980 Corolla daily production reached an all-time high, averaging 2,346 units. The one-millionth Corolla was a 70-series, built in February 1983. A limited "One Million Edition" was released in Japan at this time.

Toyota A engine
The Toyota A Series engines are a family of inline-four internal combustion engines with displacement from 1.3 L to 1.8 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads. To make the engine as short as possible, the cylinders are siamesed.

The development of the series began in the late 1970s, when Toyota wanted to develop a completely new engine for the Toyota Tercel, the successor of Toyota's K engine. The goal was to achieve good fuel efficiency and performance as well as low emissions with a modern design. The A-series includes one of the first Japanese mass-production DOHC, four-valve-per-cylinder engines, the 4A-GE, and a later version of the same engine was one of the first production five-valve-per-cylinder engines.

Toyota joint venture partner Tianjin FAW Xiali produces the 1.3 L 8A and resumed production of the 5A in 2007.
Athens Airport–Patras railway
The railway from Athens Airport to Patras is a double-track, standard-gauge railway line in Greece that, when completed, will connect Athens International Airport with Patras, the country's third-largest city. One of the largest railway projects of the last 30 years in Greece, its completion is of major significance for the infrastructure of the entire region of the northern Peloponnese. As of 2020, the line is completed until the city of Aigio. A 5.2 km underground section is planned for the final section from Kastellokampos to Agios Andreas in Patras, terminating at the new port of Patras. For most of the section between Athens Airport in East Attica and Mandra in West Attica, the line runs along the median strip of the Attiki Odos motorway.

Kiato railway station
Kiato railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Κιάτου, romanized: Sidirodromikós Stathmós Kiátou) is a station in Kiato in the northern Peloponnese, Greece. The station is located 1 km west of the town, near the A8 motorway between Athens and Patras. It was opened on 9 July 2007. The station is served by the Athens Suburban Railway towards Piraeus and Hellenic Train local services to Aigio. It should not be confused with the now-closed station on the old Piraeus–Patras railway, which is located northeast of the current station, closer to the coast of the Corinthian Gulf.