hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Rickels
David Rickels (born January 5, 1989) is an American professional mixed martial artist and bare-knuckle fighter who is currently competing in the Bare Knuckle Fighting Championship. A professional since 2010, he is a 23-fight veteran of the Bellator MMA, and won the Season Eight Lightweight Tournament.

2012 in Bellator MMA
2012 in Bellator MMA was the sixth installment of the Bellator Fighting Championships, which began on March 9, 2012. The sixth season of Bellator was originally scheduled to begin on March 2, 2012.  However, the debut was pushed back a week so it began with the show on March 9, 2012.

Mixed martial arts tournaments were held in five weight classes, including the bantamweight, featherweight, lightweight, welterweight and middleweight divisions.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnes County, North Dakota
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnes County, North Dakota.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Barnes County, North Dakota, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 13 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  Another property was once listed but has been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 14, 2025.

Barnes County, North Dakota
Barnes County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,853, and was estimated to be 10,798 in 2024, The county seat and the largest city is Valley City.
2021–22 Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The 2021–22 Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina was 21st season of this championship, with 14 teams from Bosnia and Herzegovina participating in it. HKK Široki  is the defending champion.

KK Igokea
Košarkaški klub Igokea (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Игокеа), commonly referred to as KK Igokea or as Igokea m:tel due to sponsorship reasons, is a Bosnian professional basketball club based in Aleksandrovac, near Laktaši, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The club plays in the Bosnian League and the ABA League. The club is a founding member and shareholder of the Adriatic Basketball Association.
Cotesia congregata
Cotesia congregata is a parasitoid wasp of the genus Cotesia. The genus is particularly noted for its use of polydnaviruses. Parasitoids are distinct from true parasites in that a parasitoid will ultimately kill its host or otherwise sterilize it.

Cotesia
Cotesia is a genus of braconid wasps first described by Peter Cameron in 1891. Some species parasitize caterpillars of species considered pests, and are used as biocontrol agents. Cotesia congregata parasitizes the tomato and the tobacco hornworms. C. glomerata and C. rubecula feed on the cabbage white and other white butterfly caterpillars. C. gonopterygis and C. risilis are host-specific and parasitize the common brimstone.

The wasp C. melanoscelus parasitizes the caterpillar of the spongy moth. It, and the spongy moth, are native to Europe. The spongy moth is an invasive species in North America, and C. melanoscelus has been imported as a biocontrol of the moth. Cotesia icipe is a parasitoid of Spodoptera littoralis and beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) which are pests of amaranth crops.
MS Nordic Pearl
MS Nordic Pearl is a cruiseferry owned by Gotlandsbolaget and operated on their Copenhagen–Frederikshavn-Oslo service. She was built in 1989 by Wärtsilä Marine, Turku, for Rederi AB Slite as MS Athena for use in Viking Line traffic. Between 1993 and 2001, she sailed as MS Langkapuri Star Aquarius. From 2001 to 2011 she sailed as MS Pearl of Scandinavia and from 2011 to 2025 she sailed as MS Pearl Seaways.

Nordic Pearl had a sister ship, Star Pisces.

Cruiseferry
A cruiseferry or cruise ferry is a ship that combines the features of a cruise ship and a Ro-Pax (roll-on/roll-off passenger) ferry. Many passengers travel with the ships for the cruise experience, staying only a few hours at the destination port or not leaving the ship at all, while others use the ships as means of transportation. Some operators prefer to refer to them as "cruise ships with car decks."

Cruiseferries are most common in the seas of Northern Europe, especially the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. However, similar ships traffic across the English Channel as well as the Irish Sea, Mediterranean and even on the North Atlantic. Cruiseferries also operate from India, China and Australia.
47th meridian east
The meridian 47° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 47th meridian east forms a great circle with the 133rd meridian west.

133rd meridian west
The meridian 133° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 133rd meridian west forms a great circle with the 47th meridian east.
8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine
8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) is an oxidized derivative of deoxyguanosine.  8-Oxo-dG is one of the major products of DNA oxidation.  Concentrations of 8-oxo-dG within a cell are a measurement of oxidative stress.

CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. CpGs are the common unit of methylation because their information is double stranded (the GpC complement is also methylated). This allows methylation information to be preserved during cell division.

Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines. Enzymes that add a methyl group are called DNA methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression, a mechanism that is part of a larger field of science studying gene regulation that is called epigenetics. Methylated cytosines often mutate to thymines.

In humans, about 70% of promoters located near the transcription start site of a gene (proximal promoters) contain a CpG island.
Anglia Ruskin University Faculty of Business and Law
The Anglia Ruskin University Faculty of Business and Law, formerly known as the Lord Ashcroft International Business School (LAIBS), is a faculty at Anglia Ruskin University (ARU). It comprises two schools: the School of Economics, Finance and Law and the School of Management. Currently, ARU operates business schools in Cambridge, Chelmsford, Peterborough, and London.

The Faculty of Business and Law is one of the largest in East England, featuring nearly 100 full-time teaching staff and approximately 7,200 students from over 100 countries. It also offers business programs through partnerships with institutions worldwide.

Michael Ashcroft
Michael Anthony Ashcroft, Baron Ashcroft, KCMG, PC (born 4 March 1946) is a British-Belizean businessman, pollster and politician. He is a former deputy chairman of the Conservative Party. Ashcroft founded Michael A. Ashcroft Associates in 1972 and was the 132nd richest person in the UK, as ranked by the Sunday Times Rich List 2021, with an estimated fortune of £1.257 billion.

He was created a life peer in 2000, and sat on the Conservative benches of the House of Lords until resigning in 2015. The Cabinet Office stated that he would take up permanent residence in the UK for tax purposes, but it was reported a decade later that he had not done so.

Ashcroft holds dual British and Belizean nationality, and is a belonger of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.

Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Region
The prime minister of the Kurdistan Region is the head of government of the Kurdistan Region, governing semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq. The government is elected as part of the Kurdistan Region Parliament.
LocalLink 93 (BaltimoreLink)
LocalLink 93 is a bus route operated by the Maryland Transit Administration in the suburbs of Baltimore. The line currently runs from the Lutherville Light Rail Stop to International Circle near Hunt Valley Town Center, serving the Timonium and Cockeysville areas.

The bus route is the successor to various branches of Routes 8, 8B, and 55. Route 93 replaced the entirety of Route 9 on June 18, 2017 due to the BaltimoreLink bus system overhaul, with expanded service to Downtown Towson.

CityLink Red (BaltimoreLink)
CityLink Red (abbreviated RD) is a MTA BaltimoreLink bus route operated by the Maryland Transit Administration in Baltimore and its suburbs. The line currently runs from the University of Maryland Transit Center to the Lutherville Light Rail Stop along the corridors of York Road and Greenmount Avenue, and is the most heavily used MTA bus line. The CityLink Red bus replaced  Route 8 bus route due to BaltimoreLink, and is the successor to the 8 Towson and 7 Govanstown streetcar lines.
Inspiration Point Wayside Rest
Inspiration Point Wayside Rest is a state highway wayside rest located along Minnesota State Highway 16 southwest of Lanesboro, Fillmore County, Minnesota. Minnesotan architect Arthur R. Nichols designed the wayside and it was built between 1934 and 1937 by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) and the Civilian Conservation Corps. In 2015, Inspiration Point Wayside Rest was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a well-preserved example of the National Park Service rustic architectural style with good historic integrity, and the only surviving Minnesota wayside to have been built by a CCC soil erosion control camp. Major renovation work was undertaken that same year to restore degrading masonry and clear invasive buckthorn that had blocked several of the wayside's viewpoints.

Minnesota State Highway 16
Minnesota State Highway 16 (MN 16) is an 87.671-mile-long (141.093 km) two-lane highway in southeast Minnesota, which runs from its interchange with Interstate Highway 90 in Dexter and continues east to its eastern terminus at the Wisconsin state line concurrent with U.S. Highways 14 and 61 outside La Crescent just west of La Crosse, Wisconsin.

The route was designated as a National Scenic Byway in 2003 as the Historic Bluff Country Scenic Byway.  The roadway follows the route of old U.S. Highway 16.
Marty Simon
Marty Simon is a Canadian drummer, composer and music director. In the 1970s, Simon was part of Mylon LeFevre's Holy Smoke Band and later formed the rock band Sharks in London with Andy Fraser and Chris Spedding. His songwriting credits include works with Celine Dion, Wilson Pickett, and Rick Ross. Simon has collaborated with artists such as Brian Eno, Leslie West, and Serge Gainsbourg. As a film and TV composer, he is best known for scoring the sci-fi TV series Lexx (1996–2002), contributing to 65 episodes.

Andy Fraser
Andrew McIan Fraser (3 July 1952 – 16 March 2015) was an English musician and songwriter, best known as the bassist and co-composer for the rock band Free, which he helped found in 1968 when he was 15. He also founded the rock band Sharks after leaving Free in 1972.
Plaza Las Américas (Puerto Rico)
Plaza Las Américas is a shopping mall in Hato Rey, San Juan, Puerto Rico, located at the intersection of Routes 18 and 22. "Plaza", as it is known to many Puerto Ricans, was the first indoor shopping mall built in Puerto Rico. It is the largest shopping mall in the Caribbean and the second largest in Latin America. Anchor stores are JCPenney, Macy's, Old Navy, Caribbean Cinemas and Marshalls. Previously, there was a Kmart store near the mall and a Sears Brand Central. The mall is home to the world's largest Romano's Macaroni Grill restaurant.

González Padín
González Padín was a high-end department store based in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The chain which operated in Puerto Rico at its peak had 10 stores. The chain closed in 1995, and at the time of closure it was the biggest and oldest department store on the island.
Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (/ˈbjɜːrnsən/ BYURN-sən, Norwegian: [ˈbjø̂ːɳstjæːɳə mɑrˈtiːnɪʉ̂s ˈbjø̂ːɳsɔn]; 8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit". The first Norwegian Nobel laureate, he was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of the four great Norwegian writers, alongside Ibsen, Lie, and Kielland. He is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". The composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on a text by Bjørnson, as did Anna Teichmüller (Die Prinzessin).

Karoline Bjørnson
Karoline Bjørnson (née Reimers, 1 December 1835 – 27 June 1934) was a Norwegian actress. She is best known as the wife and supporter of poet, playwright, popular speaker and Nobel laureate Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson.
Scott Humphries
Scott Humphries (born May 26, 1976), is a retired professional tennis player from the United States.

Humphries reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 260, achieved on 9 September 1996. He also reached a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 29, achieved on 30 October 2000.

Humphries won three titles on the ATP Tour across his career with all different partners, in straight sets and on hard courts. Partnering fellow American Justin Gimelstob, Humphries reached the semi-finals of the 2001 Australian Open doubles event, his best performance at a Grand Slam.

Humphries attended Stanford University for a year. He resides in Tampa, Florida  according to the ATP.

Justin Gimelstob
Justin Jeremy Gimelstob (born January 26, 1977) is an American retired tennis player. Gimelstob has been a resident of Morristown, New Jersey, and as of 2009 lived in Santa Monica, California.

He was the top-ranked boy in his age group at the ages of 12, 14, 16, and 18. As a pro, he made the final of the Newport Tournament in singles and has 15 doubles championships to his name, including the 1998 Australian Open and 1998 French Open mixed doubles titles with Venus Williams. He was twice a member of the U.S. Davis Cup team.

In singles matches, he defeated Andre Agassi, Petr Korda, Àlex Corretja, Pat Rafter, and Gustavo Kuerten.  His career singles record was 107–172. His highest career singles ranking was  No. 63 in 1999, and his highest career doubles ranking was No. 18 in 2000.
The Saint Olav Drama
Saint Olav Drama (Norwegian: Spelet om Heilag Olav) is an outdoor theatre performance played every end of July in Stiklestad in Verdal Municipality, Norway.

The play commemorates the Battle of Stiklestad that took place in the year 1030, and which resulted in death of King Olaf II of Norway. In the aftermath of his death, King Olaf would later be canonized as Saint Olaf (Heilag Olav), patron saint of Norway. The play explores the transition process between traditional pagan customs and the introduction of Christianity into Norway.

The play draws on historic events mentioned in Heimskringla written by Snorri Sturlson. The play features other historical Norwegian figures, including Rögnvald Brusason and Thorir Hund.

Saint Olav Drama was written by Olav Gullvåg, with music composed by Paul Okkenhaug (1908-1975). It has been staged every year since 1954. Among featured directors have been Norwegian stage producer Stein Winge.

Stiklestad
Stiklestad is a village in Verdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the town of Verdalsøra and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) southeast of the village of Forbregd/Lein.

The village is mainly known as the site of the Battle of Stiklestad on 29 July 1030. Stiklestad Church is located in the village and it is assumed to have been erected on the exact spot where King Olaf II Haraldsson fell in the battle. The king was buried in Nidaros (Trondheim), canonised there on 3 August 1031, and later enshrined in Nidaros Cathedral. Following the Lutheran reformation of 1537 the saint's remains were removed and their precise resting-place has been unknown since 1568. The village is currently a Church of Norway parish and the seat of the Stiklestad prosti.
DEKA (New Zealand)
DEKA was a nationwide chain of general merchandise stores in New Zealand. It was launched in 1988 by L.D. Nathan, which split its supermarket and general merchandise divisions. In 1992 ownership of DEKA shifted to the Farmers Trading Company, which had until then been a competitor. As a result of unsustainable financial losses, all DEKA stores were either closed or converted to Farmers stores in 2001.

Woolworths (New Zealand supermarket chain)
Woolworths is an Australian-owned New Zealand full-service supermarket chain and subsidiary of Woolworths New Zealand, itself a subsidiary of Australia's Woolworths Group. Previously known as Countdown, the business is currently in the process of rebranding all stores as Woolworths.

Before its reintroduction, the original 'Woolworths' brand was phased-out in the late 2000s. All but one store were rebranded as Countdown by 2011, with the exception in Mount Maunganui.
Death of David Oluwale
David Oluwale (1930–1969) was a British Nigerian who drowned in the River Aire in Leeds, West Riding of Yorkshire, in 1969. The circumstances surrounding his death have been described as "the physical and psychological destruction of a homeless Black man, whose brutal and systematic harassment was orchestrated by the Leeds City Police Force". His death resulted in the first successful prosecution of British police officers for involvement in the death of a Black person.

Oluwale's life, experiences, and death have had a lasting impact on public discourse concerning systemic racism within British legal institutions, police misconduct, social inequality, and mental health policy. He has been the subject of artworks, books, and documentaries, and is commemorated by a blue plaque in Leeds.

Caryl Phillips
Caryl Phillips (born 13 March 1958) is a Kittitian-British novelist, playwright and essayist. Best known for his novels (for which he has won multiple awards), Phillips is often described as a Black Atlantic writer, since much of his fictional output is defined by its interest in, and searching exploration of, the experiences of peoples of the African diaspora in England, the Caribbean and the United States. As well as writing, Phillips has worked as an academic at numerous institutions including Amherst College, Barnard College, and Yale University, where he has held the position of Professor of English since 2005.
Eryuan County
Eryuan (Chinese: 洱源; pinyin: Ěryuán; Bai: Lod•hol•xi) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in northwestern Yunnan Province, China. It borders Heqing County to the east, Dali City and Yangbi County to the south, Yunlong County to the west and Jianchuan County to the north.

Heqing County
Heqing County (simplified Chinese: 鹤庆县; traditional Chinese: 鶴慶縣; pinyin: Hèqìng Xiàn; Bai: Hhop•kait) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, China. It borders Yongsheng County to the east, Binchuan County and Dali City to the south, Jianchuan County and Eryuan County to the west, and Gucheng District and Yulong County to the north.
Arun Kashalkar
Pandit Arun Kashalkar (born 5 January 1943) is an Indian classical vocalist. He is a teacher to many students and performs in India and abroad. His singing is a blend of Gwalior, Jaipur and Agra styles, with the emphasis on Agra.

Gwalior gharana
The Gwalior Gharana (Gwalior School of Classical Music) is the oldest and most influential Khyal Gharana in Indian Classical Music worldwide. The Gwalior Gharana is known as the "Gangotri" (origin) of Khyal raga and is considered the most ancient school of Hindustani classical music. Other gharanas follow the lineage of the Gwalior Gharana.

The rise of the Gwalior Gharana started in the 16th century with the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar (1542–1605).

The famous singers of this patron of the arts were Tansen and Baiju Bawra. Miyan Tansen, who was the most famous vocalist at the court of Akbar, came from the historic city of Gwalior.
Gabrielle Bompard
Gabrielle Bompard (born 1868) was a French murderer in the 1889 Gouffé Case who, conspiring with Michel Eyraud, was responsible for the homicide by strangulation of the bailiff Gouffé after luring him into her home, which fascinated the public and media in France and abroad due to her claim of being under hypnosis. Bompard claimed that Eyraud had hypnotized her and therefore she should not be found guilty in Gouffé’s murder. The credibility of this defense was heavily debated and the subject of conflicting expert testimony. However, Bompard won the hypnosis argument, and while she was found guilty, she escaped full blame and the guillotine, instead receiving hard labor. Bompard became a famous and popular figure in the fin-de-siècle during the murder trial due to the attention the case received in the press and how Bompard seemed to enjoy that attention and parade her newfound celebrity.

Georges Gilles de la Tourette
Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette (French: [ʒɔʁʒ albɛʁ edwaʁ bʁytys ʒil də la tuʁɛt]; 30 October 1857 – 22 May 1904) was a French neurologist and the eponym of Tourette syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics. His main contributions in medicine were in the fields of hypnotism and hysteria.
Alias method
In computing, the alias method is a family of efficient algorithms for sampling from a discrete probability distribution, published in 1974 by Alastair J. Walker. That is, it returns integer values 1 ≤ i ≤ n according to some arbitrary discrete probability distribution pi.  The algorithms typically use O(n log n) or O(n) preprocessing time, after which random values can be drawn from the distribution in O(1) time.

Non-uniform random variate generation
Non-uniform random variate generation or pseudo-random number sampling is the numerical practice of generating pseudo-random numbers (PRN) that follow a given probability distribution.
Methods are typically based on the availability of a uniformly distributed PRN generator. Computational algorithms are then used to manipulate a single random variate, X, or often several such variates, into a new random variate Y such that these values have the required distribution.
The first methods were developed for Monte-Carlo simulations in the Manhattan Project, published by John von Neumann in the early 1950s.