hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Otoplasty
Otoplasty, from Ancient Greek οὖς (oûs), meaning "ear", and πλαστός (plastós), meaning "moulded", is a procedure for correcting the deformities and defects of the auricle (external ear), whether these defects are congenital conditions (e.g. microtia, anotia, etc.) or caused by trauma. Otoplastic surgeons may reshape, move, or augment the cartilaginous support framework of the auricle to correct these defects.

Congenital ear deformities occasionally overlap with other medical conditions (e.g. Treacher Collins syndrome and hemifacial microsomia).

Plastic surgery
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. This kind of surgery focuses on restoring a body part or improving its function. In contrast, cosmetic (or aesthetic) surgery focuses solely on improving the physical appearance of the body. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
Norsewood
Norsewood is a small rural settlement in the Tararua District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island. The town is situated east of the Ruahine Mountain range and is located 20 kilometres northeast of Dannevirke.

Tararua District
The Tararua District is a local government area near the south-east corner of New Zealand's North Island that is administered by the Tararua District Council. It has a population of 18,950 (June 2025), and an area of 4,364.62 km².

The district's northwest boundary runs along the top of the Ruahine Range; its south-east boundary is the Pacific Ocean. The catchment of the Manawatū River generally defines the north and south extremities. The catchment is also the reason the majority of the district is in the Manawatū-Whanganui Region, although traditionally many of the people of the district regard themselves as living in either Hawke's Bay (in the north) or Wairarapa (in the south).
Akseli Brander
Aksel (Akseli) Vilhelm Brander (18 April 1876 – 3 October 1958) was a Finnish agronomist, educationist, farmer and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1933 to 1951, representing the Agrarian League. He was born in Kitee, and was the younger brother of Augusta Laine and of Uuno and Helena Brander.

Augusta Laine
Augusta Ottilia Laine (née Brander; 30 March 1867, Tampere - 16 August 1949) was a Finnish teacher of home economics and politician. She was a member of the Parliament of Finland, representing the Young Finnish Party from 1917 to 1918 and the National Progressive Party from 1918 to 1919 and in 1922. She was the elder sister of Uuno, Helena and Akseli Brander. She was married to Johannes Laine.
English cricket team in the West Indies in 1985–86
The England national cricket team toured the West Indies from February to April 1986 and played a five-match Test series against the West Indies cricket team which the West Indies won 5–0. England were captained by David Gower; the West Indies by Viv Richards. In addition, the teams played a four-match One Day International (ODI) series which the West Indies won 3–1.

David Smith (cricketer, born 1956)
David Mark Smith (born 9 January 1956) is an English former cricketer, who played in two Test matches and two One Day Internationals for England from 1986 to 1990.

Standing 6 feet 4 inches tall, Smith was a dominating opening batsman, particularly renowned for his skill and bravery in facing fast bowling.  His volatile nature saw him sacked and re-employed three times by Surrey.
Pan-Netherlands
Pan-Netherlands (Dutch: Heel-Nederland), sometimes translated as Whole-Netherlands, is an irredentist concept which aims to unite the Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg) into a single state. It is an example of Pan-Nationalism.

Some variants do not include Luxembourg. In less common variants, the French Netherlands (Nord-Pas-de-Calais) are also involved in the merger as well as some border territories in Germany (e.g. East Friesland). Some Pan-Netherlandic groups also want to include South Africa due to the relation of the Dutch to the Afrikaners and the Afrikaans language.

The goal is to unite these territories into one multilingual state (unitary, federal or confederal). This differs from Greater Netherlandism which aims to unite all Dutch-speaking areas. The name of this state differs per organization, some commonly used names are the (united/reunited) Netherlands/Low Countries.

Seventeen Provinces
The Seventeen Provinces (Dutch: Zeventien Provinciën, French: Dix-Sept Provinces, Spanish: Diecisiete Provincias) was a term used to describe the Spanish Netherlands before the Dutch Revolt, when they were at their largest extent. They covered most of the Low Countries, i.e., what is now the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and most of the French departments of Nord (French Flanders and French Hainaut) and Pas-de-Calais (Artois).

The Seventeen Provinces arose from the Burgundian Netherlands, a number of fiefs held by the House of Valois-Burgundy and inherited by the House of Habsburg in 1482, and held by Habsburg Spain from 1556. Starting in 1512, the Provinces formed the major part of the Burgundian Circle. In 1581, many of these provinces seceded to form what would eventually become the Dutch Republic.
Eirikur Gilstón Corfitz Andersen
Eirikur Gilstón Corfitz Andersen (born 16 December 1984) is a Faroese musician, best known for his work as the bassist and backing vocalist of the alternative rock band The Dreams. He is the founder of the band along with Hans Edward Andreasen and Heini Mortensen.

Den Nye By
Den Nye By is the debut album by Faroese alternative rock band The Dreams, released on February 8, 2008. Published by Apache Records and recorded in the Chief Management Studio. Produced by Chief 1 (Lars Pedersen). The album comprises 11 songs all written in Danish.

Three successful singles were released from this album: "La' mig være", "Himlen Falder/Helvede Kalder" and "Backstabber".
Kalavryta massacre
The Kalavryta massacre (Greek: Σφαγή των Καλαβρύτων), or the Holocaust of Kalavryta (Ολοκαύτωμα των Καλαβρύτων), was the near-extermination of the male population and the total destruction of the town of Kalavryta, Axis-occupied Greece, by the 117th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht) during World War II, on 13 December 1943.

Kalavryta
Kalavryta (Greek: Καλάβρυτα) is a town and a municipality in the mountainous east-central part of the regional unit of Achaea, Greece. The town is located on the right bank of the river Vouraikos, 24 kilometres (15 miles) south of Aigio, 40 km (25 miles) southeast of Patras and 62 km (39 miles) northwest of Tripoli. Notable mountains in the municipality are Mount Erymanthos in the west and Aroania or Chelmos in the southeast. Kalavryta is the southern terminus of the Diakopto-Kalavryta rack railway, built by Italian engineers between 1885 and 1895.
DeWitt, Michigan
DeWitt is a city in Clinton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,776 at the 2020 census.  The city is located north of Interstate 69 and west of U.S. Highway 127, just north of the city of Lansing.

Clinton County, Michigan
Clinton County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 79,128. The county seat is St. Johns. The county was created in 1831 and organized in 1839. It is named after early American politician DeWitt Clinton. Clinton County is included in the Lansing-East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
C. A. Rosetti
Constantin Alexandru Rosetti (Romanian pronunciation: [konstanˈtin alekˈsandru roˈseti]; 2 June 1816 – 8 April 1885) was a Romanian literary and political leader, born in Bucharest into the princely Rosetti family.

Piața Rosetti
Piața Rosetti is a small square in Sector 2 of Bucharest, 250 metres from Piața Universității. It lies at the intersection of Carol I Boulevard, Hristo Botev Boulevard, Tudor Arghezi Street, Vasile Lascăr Street, Dianei Street, and Radu Cristian Street.

The square is named after former mayor of Bucharest, Romanian statesman, and 1848 revolutionary C. A. Rosetti. It was designed as part of the modernisation efforts of ex-mayor Pache Protopopescu in 1888. A bronze statue of Rosetti adorns the square; the statue, due to Wladimir Hegel, was inaugurated in 1903.

The Astra building is a historic monument located at the intersection of Carol I and Hristo Botev Boulevards, overlooking Rosetti Square.

44°26′11″N 26°06′24″E﻿ / ﻿44.43628°N 26.10655°E﻿ / 44.43628; 26.10655
Notelaea montana
Notelaea montana, commonly known as narrow-leaved maire, is a tree native to New Zealand.

Notelaea montana has a range from the top of the North Island near Kaitaia south to the top of the South Island around Nelson where it is much less common.

Notelaea montana is found from coastal to high-elevation forest where it is often located beside streams, on ridgelines or steep slopes.

The tree can grow up to 15 metres in height with a dome shaped canopy. It has long, linear leaves that can measure up to 100 x 10 millimetres, distinguishing it from the other New Zealand Notelaea species.

The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or coming from mountains.

Notelaea
Notelaea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae. It includes 21 species native to  eastern Australia and Tasmania, New Zealand, the Norfolk Islands, New Caledonia, and the Hawaiian Islands. Plants in the genus Notelaea are shrubs or small trees with leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers arranged in racemes in leaf axils with small sepals and 2 pairs of petals joined in pairs, 2 stamens and an ovary with 2 ovules with a 2-lobed stigma.
507th Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment (507th PIR), now the 507th Infantry Regiment, is an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army. The regiment was initially assigned to the 82nd Airborne Division in World War II before transferring to the 17th Airborne Division.  Now 1st Battalion, 507th Infantry Regiment is part of the United States Army Infantry School, subordinate to its Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade, responsible for the Army's Basic Airborne School, Jumpmaster School, Pathfinder School, and the "Silver Wings" Command Exhibition Parachute Team.

Battle of Graignes
The Battle of Graignes was part of the American airborne landings in Normandy during the early stages of Operation Overlord in World War II, fought between June 10–12, 1944 in Graignes, France. During the engagement, American paratroopers of the U.S. 82nd Airborne Division held the town for two days against the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division Götz von Berlichingen. This action delayed the 17th SS Panzergrenadier's counterattack on Carentan, which was repulsed at the Battle of Bloody Gulch on June 13. After retaking Graignes, the German troops massacred 44 civilians and a number of prisoners of war taken in the capture of an American aid station, and set fire to the town.
Laimdota Straujuma
Laimdota Straujuma (born 24 February 1951) is a Latvian economist who was the prime minister of Latvia from January 2014 to February 2016. Before her tenure as prime minister, she served as the minister of Agriculture from 2011 to 2014. She was the first woman to serve as the head of government of the country. After her resignation on 7 December 2015, she announced her intention to resume a seat in the Saeima.

Second Straujuma cabinet
The Second Straujuma cabinet was the government of Latvia from 5 November 2014 to 11 February 2016. It was the second government to be led by Laimdota Straujuma, who was the Prime Minister from 2014 to 2016. It took office after the October 2014 parliamentary election, succeeding the first Straujuma cabinet, which lasted 8 months.

Straujuma resigned on 7 December 2015, which led to immediate discussions on the new government. On 11 February 2016, parliament approved the new government of Prime Minister Māris Kučinskis.
Hlobane Coal Mine Disaster (1944)
A methane explosion killed 57 miners at the Hlobane Colliery, Natal, South Africa on 12 September 1944. During drilling of a dyke in a coal seam, methane built up during the night due to insufficient ventilation in the mine.

The explosion was said to have been caused by a miner relighting his lamp. He was in charge of monitoring the methane levels and its high levels had extinguished his lamp. The explosion resulted in the deaths of 57 miners and six serious injuries.

On the 39th anniversary of the explosion in 1983, a similar explosion killed 68 miners at the same mine.

Hlobane Coal Mine Disaster (1983)
A methane explosion occurred at the Hlobane Colliery, Natal, South Africa on 12 September 1983, killing 68 miners.
The disaster occurred on the 39th anniversary of a similar explosion in 1944 where 57 miners were killed at the same mine.
Sisyrinchium bellum
Sisyrinchium bellum, the western blue-eyed grass or Californian blue-eyed grass, is the common blue-eyed grass of California and Oregon in and west of the Sierra Nevada, its range extending south into Baja California. In parts of its range, western blue-eyed grass has previously been classified as Sisyrinchium eastwoodiae, S. greenei and S. hesperium, but these names are now considered synonyms.

Sisyrinchium bellum grows as a perennial plant in open places where there is some moisture, particularly grassy areas, though it can also be found in woodlands and at altitudes up to 2,400 metres (7,900 ft). Like other species of blue-eyed grasses that are locally dominant, it is generally known simply as "blue-eyed grass" within its natural range.

Sisyrinchium
Sisyrinchium is a large genus of annual to perennial flowering plants in the family Iridaceae. Native to the New World, the species are known as blue-eyed grasses. Although they are not true grasses (Poaceae), they are monocots.

Several species in the eastern United States are threatened or endangered. This may be due to niche species emerging from their unique tendency toward rapid speciation which helps them adapt to specialized arenic (sandy) habitats.
Tonj State
Tonj State was a state in South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was located in the Bahr el Ghazal region and it bordered Wau to the west, Gbudwe to the southwest, Gogrial to the northwest, Northern Liech to the northeast, Gok and Southern Liech to the east, and Western Lakes to the south and east.

Gbudwe State
Gbudwe State was a state of South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was created from Western Equatoria state. Tambura State was split from Gbudwe State on January 14, 2017. Gbudwe State was located in the Equatoria region. Gbudwe bordered the states of Lol, Maridi, Tambura, and Western Lakes, and also the province of Haut-Uélé in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Haut-Mbomou in the Central African Republic. The state had a population of 364,272 in 2008.
Puranga Conquista Sustainable Development Reserve
Puranga Conquista Sustainable Development Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Puranga Conquista) is a sustainable development reserve (RDS) in the state of  Amazonas, Brazil.
It protects an area of Amazon rainforest on the left bank of the Rio Negro near Manaus.
The reserve was carved out of the Rio Negro State Park South Section after a lengthy struggle by the occupants of the area who had lived there for years before the state park was created.

Rio Negro State Park South Section
Rio Negro State Park South Section (Portuguese: Parque Estadual do Rio Negro Setor Sul) is a State park in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.
It protects an area of Amazon rainforest to the east of the Rio Negro that is home to the endangered pied tamarin.
The area was reduced in 2001 and was further reduced in 2014 to create a sustainable development reserve for the people that had been living there since before the park was created.
Westfield Plaza Bonita
Westfield Plaza Bonita, commonly known as Plaza Bonita and Plaza, is a shopping mall in National City, California. It is owned by Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield. Anchor stores at the center include Macy's, JCPenney, Target, Crunch Fitness, Nordstrom Rack and Round1.

Although it is within the boundaries of National City, the mall is closely associated with and takes its name from the nearby community of Bonita, California.

CenterMark Properties
CenterMark, formerly known as May Centers, was a mall development company owned by a consortium of Westfield Holdings Ltd., General Growth Properties, and Whitehall Street Real Estate L.P. III. It was formerly owned by the May Department Stores Company until 1992, and Prudential Insurance until 1993.
West Garo Hills district
West Garo Hills district is an administrative district in Garo Hills of the state of Meghalaya in India. Tura town is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district occupies an area of 3714 km2. In 2011, its population was 643,291. As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Meghalaya (out of 7), after East Khasi Hills.

West Garo Hills district is located at the westernmost part of Meghalaya. The district is bounded by East Garo Hills district on the east, by South Garo Hills district on the south-east, Goalpara district of Assam state on the north and north-west and Bangladesh on the south.

Garo people
The Garo people are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group who live mostly in the Northeast Indian state of Meghalaya, with a smaller number in neighbouring Bangladesh. They are the second-largest indigenous people in Meghalaya after the Khasi and comprise about a third of the local population. They are also found in the Mymensingh Division including Jamalpur, Sherpur, and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh.
NewTV
NewTV is Newton, Massachusetts’ community media center, paid for through fees assessed on local cable bills.

Residents of the City of Newton, members of Newton-based non-profit organizations, employees of Newton businesses and City of Newton employees are eligible to become members of NewTV. NewTV offers services to the community, including production services, original programming and training.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Newport, Shropshire
Newport is a market town and civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin in Shropshire, England. It lies 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Telford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Stafford, and is near the Shropshire-Staffordshire border. The 2001 census recorded 10,814 people living in the parish, which rose to 11,387 by the 2011 census.

Lilleshall Hall
52°43′41″N 2°22′26″W﻿ / ﻿52.728°N 2.374°W﻿ / 52.728; -2.374

Lilleshall Hall /lɪl.ʃɔːl/ is a large former country house and estate at Lilleshall, Shropshire, England.

It is run by Serco Leisure Operating Ltd on behalf of Sport England as one of three National Sports Centres, alongside Bisham Abbey and Plas y Brenin. It lies between Telford and Newport.
Beehive Field
Beehive Field is a stadium in New Britain, Connecticut.  The ballpark has a capacity of 4,700.  It is primarily used for baseball and was the home of the New Britain Red Sox (Boston Red Sox AA affiliate) from the time of their move to the city in 1983 until moving next door to New Britain Stadium for the 1995 season.  The Eastern League All-Star Game was played before 3,106 fans on June 29, 1987, with league-MVP Mark Grace and game-MVP Dwight Smith representing the Pittsfield Cubs. The Hartford Hawks baseball program used the venue for some home games prior to opening Fiondella Field in 2006.

As of 2000, Beehive Field was used primarily by New Britain High School baseball and softball teams.

Hartford Hawks baseball
The Hartford Hawks baseball team is the varsity intercollegiate baseball program of the University of Hartford, located in West Hartford, Connecticut. The program is a member of the NCAA Division III Conference of New England. The program was a member of the NCAA Division I America East Conference from 1985 to 2022. It has played home games at Fiondella Field since the venue opened at the start of the 2006 season.
Kana ligature
In the Japanese writing system, kana ligatures (Japanese: 合略仮名, Hepburn: gōryaku-gana) are ligatures in the kana writing system, both hiragana and katakana. Kana such as koto (ヿ; from 事) and shite (𬼀; from 為) are not kana ligatures, but polysyllabic kana. Most of such ligatures and polysyllabic kanas became obsolete.

Hardly any kana ligatures or polysyllabic kanas are represented in standard character encodings.

Ligature (writing)
In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined to form a single glyph. Examples are the characters ⟨æ⟩ and ⟨œ⟩ used in English and French, in which the letters ⟨a⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the first ligature and the letters ⟨o⟩ and ⟨e⟩ are joined for the second ligature. For stylistic and legibility reasons, ⟨f⟩ and ⟨i⟩ are often merged to create ⟨ﬁ⟩ (where the tittle on the ⟨i⟩ merges with the hood of the ⟨f⟩); the same is true of ⟨s⟩ and ⟨t⟩ to create ⟨ﬆ⟩. The common ampersand, ⟨&⟩, developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters ⟨e⟩ and ⟨t⟩ (spelling et, Latin for 'and') were combined.
Prewar period (Kosovo)
The Prewar period of Kosovo refers to a period in the history of Kosovo which happened during the early to mid-1990s.

It is generally believed to have started on 22 September 1991, with the declaration of the Republic of Kosova and later ended with the start of an insurgency in the territory.

Prekaz i Epërm
Prekaz i Epërm (Albanian definite form: Prekazi i Epërm; Serbian Cyrillic: Горње Преказе / Gornje Prekaze) is a village in Skenderaj municipality, Kosovo. This village was the site of the battle that started the Kosovo War, the Battle of Prekaz and birthplace of KLA leader Adem Jashari and his brother, Hamëz Jashari.