hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Harris (Birmingham Liberal)
William Harris (1826 – 25 March 1911) was a Liberal politician and strategist in Birmingham, England, in an era of dramatic municipal reform. On his death, he was described by one obituary-writer as "one of the founders of modern Birmingham". J. L. Garvin called him "the Abbé Sieyès of Birmingham" (in allusion to one of the chief political theorists of the French Revolutionary era); and Asa Briggs "a most active and intelligent wire-puller behind the scenes". He was dubbed the "father of the Caucus", the highly organised and controversial Liberal party machine that had its origins in Birmingham, but was afterwards introduced at national level to the National Liberal Federation. He served as the first Chairman of the National Liberal Federation from 1877 to 1882. By profession he was an architect and surveyor; and he was also a prolific journalist and author.

George Dixon (MP)
George Dixon (1820 – 24 January 1898) was an English Liberal Party then Liberal Unionist politician who was active in local government in Birmingham and sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1867 and 1898. He was a major proponent of education for all children.
Kamikawachi, Tochigi
Kamikawachi (上河内町, Kamikawachi-machi) was a town located in Kawachi District, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,510 and a density of 166.96 persons per km2. The total area was 56.96 km2.

On March 31, 2007, Kamikawachi, along with the town of Kawachi (also from Kawachi District), was merged into the expanded city of Utsunomiya.

Kawachi, Tochigi
Kawachi (河内町, Kawachi-machi) was a town located in Kawachi District, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 35,247 and a density of 738.62 persons per km2. The total area was 47.72 km2.

On March 31, 2007, Kawachi, along with the town of Kamikawachi (also from Kawachi District), was merged into the expanded city of Utsunomiya.
Sutherland Sharks FC
Sutherland Sharks FC is an Australian association football club based in the suburb of Sutherland in Sydney, New South Wales. The club currently competes in the National Premier Leagues NSW. Its home games are played at Seymour Shaw Park, located in the southern Sydney suburb of Miranda. It is incorporated as a non-profit club.

Waratah Cup
The Waratah Cup is a knockout cup competition in New South Wales, run by the governing body of football in NSW, Football NSW. Teams competing in the Waratah Cup come from the National Premier Leagues NSW, NSW League One, NSW League Two, and numerous other semi professional & amateur association clubs within New South Wales. The Cup is held during the NPL NSW seasons.  Since 2014 preliminary rounds of the Waratah Cup have been used to determine the NSW entrants to the national FFA Cup competition, now known as the Australia Cup.
Curcuminoid
A curcuminoid is a linear diarylheptanoid, a relatively small class of plant secondary metabolites that includes curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, all isolated from turmeric (curcuma longa).  These compounds are natural phenols and produce a pronounced yellow color that is often used to color foods and medicines. Curcumin is obtained from the root of turmeric.

Curcuminoids are soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetone and ethanol, but are poorly soluble in lipids. It is possible to increase curcuminoid solubility in aqueous phase with surfactants or co-surfactants. Most common derivatives have different substituents on the phenyl groups.
There is an increasing demand for demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and other curcuminoids because of their biological activity.

Bisdemethoxycurcumin
Bisdemethoxycurcumin is a curcuminoid found (along with the curcuminoids curcumin and demethoxycurcumin) in turmeric (Curcuma longa), but absent in Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza). Bisdemethoxycurcumin is used as a pigment and nutraceutical with antimutagenic properties. All three of the curcuminoids found in Curcuma longa have been shown to have antioxidant properties, but bisdemethoxycurcumin is more resistant than the others to alkaline degradation. It was found to be effective in sensitizing PC cells resistance against gemcitabine.
The Force (Onslaught album)
The Force is the second studio album by English thrash metal band Onslaught, released in May 1986. More successful than their previous album, Power from Hell, The Force is considered a thrash metal classic by fans and critics, and the band's first to feature Sy Keeler on vocals (he would depart in 1988, only to return for the 2007 album Killing Peace).

The album was re-issued in 2002 by Blackend Records and received a full remaster by Jacob Hansen for the 2013 release on AFM Records, with revamped artwork with liner notes by Nige Rockett. Onslaught have been playing The Force in its entirety recently celebrating its anniversary on The Full Force Tour.

Steve Huey of AllMusic gave the album three stars out of five.

Killing Peace
Killing Peace is the fourth studio album by English thrash metal band Onslaught, released in 2007. It was their first album since 1989's In Search of Sanity and the first to feature Sy Keeler since 1986's The Force.
Pyetrykaw
Pyetrykaw or Petrikov (Belarusian: Петрыкаў, romanized: Pietrykaŭ; Russian: Петриков; Polish: Petryków) is a town in Gomel Region, in southern Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pyetrykaw District. At the 2009 census, its population was 10,591. As of 2025, it has a population of 10,278.

Pyetrykaw district
Pyetrykaw district or Pietrykaŭ district (Belarusian: Петрыкаўскі раён, romanized: Pietrykaŭski rajon; Russian: Петриковский район) is a district (raion) of Gomel region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Pyetrykaw. As of 2024, it has a population of 25,531.
Ballinalack
Ballinalack (Irish: Béal Átha na Leac, meaning 'the mouth of the ford of the flag-stones') is a village and a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Ballinalack is one of 15 townlands of the civil parish of Leny in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 151 acres (0.61 km2). The River Inny meanders past forming the western boundary of the townland. The neighbouring townlands are: Cappagh to the north, Carrick and Grange to the east, Cullenhugh and Glebe to the south and Joanstown to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 24 houses and 105 inhabitants in the townland, mostly centred in the village.
It has a pub called The Western Gem, located in the village centre.

Cullenhugh
Cullenhugh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 13.5 kilometres (8 mi) north–west of Mullingar on the northeastern shore of Lough Iron. The River Inny forms its northwestern boundary.

Cullenhugh is one of 15 townlands of the civil parish of Leny in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 389 acres (1.57 km2). The neighbouring townlands are: Ballinalack, Carrick and Glebe to the north, Ballyvade and Leny to the east, Farrow to the south and Joanstown to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 5 houses and 25 inhabitants in the townland.
Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine
25°00′22.6″N 121°19′31.0″E﻿ / ﻿25.006278°N 121.325278°E﻿ / 25.006278; 121.325278

The Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine (Chinese: 桃園忠烈祠; pinyin: Táoyuán Zhōngliècí) is a martyrs' shrine in Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.

Taoyuan District
Taoyuan District (Chinese: 桃園區; pinyin: Táoyuán Qū) is a district of Taoyuan City in northwestern Taiwan. Formerly a county-administered city also known as Taoyuan City (桃園市) before 2014, when the former Taoyuan County was elevated to a special municipality which is now known as Taoyuan City, which this district share with the same name. The municipal seat of Taoyuan City is situated within the district. It is the most populous district among the 13 districts of Taoyuan City, and the second most populous among the districts of Taiwan, with the most populous being Banqiao District in New Taipei City.
Department of Education (New Zealand)
The New Zealand Department of Education was, prior to 1989, the public service department of the New Zealand government that was responsible for pre-tertiary education.

The department was established in its initial form in 1877 under the Education Act 1877.

In 1989 it was replaced by a decentralised Ministry of Education under the Tomorrow's Schools reforms that were initiated in response to the Picot task force report of May 1988. Some of its functions were moved to separate agencies such as Learning Media Limited (1992) and the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (1993).

Picot task force
The Picot task force was set up by the New Zealand government in July 1987 to review the school system. The mandate was to review management structures and cost-effectiveness, but did not include curriculum, teaching or effectiveness.

The Government largely accepted the recommendations, with legislation giving effect to a new era in education coming into force on 1 October 1989.
Edinburgh University Library
Edinburgh University Library is the main library of the University of Edinburgh and one of the most important libraries of Scotland. The University Library was moved in 1827 to William Playfair's Upper Library in the Old College building. The collections in Edinburgh University Old College were moved in 1967 to the purpose-built eight-storey Main Library building at George Square, one of the largest academic libraries in the world. Today, Edinburgh's university-wide library system holds over 3.8m books, e-books and e-journals in total.

Old College, University of Edinburgh
Old College is a late 18th-century to early 19th-century building of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located on South Bridge, and presently houses parts of the University's administration, the University of Edinburgh School of Law, and the Talbot Rice Gallery.

Originally called the "New College", it was designed by Robert Adam to replace a number of older buildings previously built on the site of the former Kirk o' Field, and after considerable delays was completed to a modified design by William Henry Playfair, except for the dome added later. It is a Category A listed building.
Jaan Tomp
Jaan Tomp (10 September 1894 in Tuhalaane Parish (now Mulgi Parish), Kreis Fellin – 14 November 1924 in Tallinn) was an Estonian communist, politician, and member of the Riigikogu. He began his legislative career in 1922, when he replaced Adolf Leevald in the I Riigikogu. The chairman of the Central Council of the Workers' Unions of Estonia (Estonian: Eestimaa Töölisühingute Üldliidu Kesknõukogu), he was sentenced to death at the Trial of the 149.

Following his execution, some Soviet factories and clubs were named after Tomp. During the Soviet era, Tallinn's House of the Blackheads was a "culture palace" initially named after Jaan Tomp (and later renamed after the communist Jaan Kreuks).

Adolf Leevald
Adolf Leevald (or Levald; 1893, Varbola Parish – 1938) was an Estonian politician. He became a member of I Riigikogu on 7 April 1922, when he succeeded Jaak Jakobson. On 29 September of that year, he was removed from his position and replaced by Jaan Tomp.
Linthal railway station
Linthal railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Glarus Süd in the Swiss canton of Glarus. It is the terminus of the Weesen to Linthal railway line, and serves the village of Linthal.

The station is the terminus of the hourly Zürich S-Bahn service S25 from Zurich.

The station is also the terminus of a PostBus Switzerland service to Fluelen station, on the Gothard railway and Lake Lucerne, which provides several daily return journeys across the Klausen Pass between May and September. Outside that period, a minibus service called the Urnerboden Sprinter provides three connections a day to Urnerboden on the route to the pass.

Ziegelbrücke railway station
Ziegelbrücke railway station (German: Bahnhof Ziegelbrücke) is a junction station in the village of Ziegelbrücke in Switzerland. Whilst the village is shared between the municipality of Glarus Nord, in the canton of Glarus, and the municipality of Schänis, in the canton of St. Gallen, the station is located in the Gemarkung of Schänis, where it is the larger of two railway stations (the other being Schänis railway station).

Opened in 1875, the station is owned and operated by the Swiss Federal Railways. It is one of the southern termini of the Lake Zurich left bank railway line, a main line that links Zürich Hauptbahnhof with Ziegelbrücke and Näfels.  From Ziegelbrücke, the main line continues, as the Ziegelbrücke–Sargans railway, towards its ultimate destination, Chur.

Ziegelbrücke is also a terminus for two regional lines, the Ziegelbrücke–Linthal railway and the Rapperswil–Ziegelbrücke railway.
Henry II, Duke of Świdnica
Henry II of Świdnica, (Polish: Henryk II Świdnicki, Czech: Jindřich Svídnický, German: Heinrich II. von Schweidnitz; c. 1316 – c. 28 June 1345), was a Duke of Świdnica from 1326 until his death (with his brother as co-ruler).

He was the second and younger son of Duke Bernard of Świdnica by his wife Kunigunde, daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high, Duke of Kuyavia and since 1320 King of Poland.

Kunigunde of Poland
Kunigunde of Poland (Kunegunda) (c. 1298 – 9 April 1331) was a daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high and his wife Jadwiga of Greater Poland. Her siblings included, Casimir III of Poland and Elisabeth, Queen of Hungary. She was a member of the House of Piast.
Tretten
Tretten is a village in Øyer Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the Losna lake, which is part of the Gudbrandsdalslågen river. Tretten is located in the Gudbrandsdal valley, along the Gudbrandsdalslågen river in the southern part of the municipality. It is located along the European route E6 highway, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the town of Lillehammer. The municipal center of Tingberg lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southeast of Tretten.

The 1.22-square-kilometre (300-acre) village has a population (2024) of 861 and a population density of 706 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,830/sq mi).

Gudbrandsdalslågen
Gudbrandsdalslågen or simply Lågen is a river which flows through the Gudbrandsdalen valley in Innlandet county, Norway. The 204-kilometre (127 mi) long river runs through a large valley in Eastern Norway before emptying into Mjøsa, the largest lake in Norway. The river flows through the municipalities of Lesja, Dovre, Sel, Nord-Fron, Sør-Fron, Ringebu, Øyer, and Lillehammer.
Hays Larks
The Hays Larks are a collegiate summer baseball team located in Hays, Kansas. The Larks evolved from Hays during the 1946 season. From 1869 to 1945, the team went by the name of The Hays Town Team and was sponsored by various organizations and businesses in Hays. The Larks won their first NBC championship in 2024, defeating the defending champions Hutchinson Monarchs 7-3.

The Larks were part of the Jayhawk Collegiate League conference and were league champions in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, and 2006. The Larks have finished as NBC national runner-up four times: in 1995 with their only two losses to Team USA, 2000, 2001, 2007, and 2016.

As of 2020 the Larks are playing in the Rocky Mountain Baseball League and won the league in 2020, their inaugural year joining.

The team is managed by Frank Leo who is a member of the Kansas Baseball Hall of Fame and the National Baseball Congress Hall of Fame.

Hays, Kansas
Hays is a city in and the county seat of Ellis County, Kansas, United States. The most populous city in northwestern Kansas, it is the economic and cultural center of the region.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 21,116.  Hays is home to Fort Hays State University.
Burnett County, Wisconsin
Burnett County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,526. Its county seat is Siren, with the majority of county governmental services located at the Burnett County Government Center. The county was created in 1856 and organized in 1865. The St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin have reservation lands in Burnett County and are the county's largest employer. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Grantsburg (town), Wisconsin
Grantsburg is a town in Burnett County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,136 at the 2010 census. The village of Grantsburg is located within the town. The unincorporated communities of Branstad and Lind are located in the town.
Society of Professional Journalists
The Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), formerly known as Sigma Delta Chi, is the oldest organization representing journalists in the United States. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.

It was established on April 17, 1909, at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana. Its charter was designed by William Meharry Glenn. It is the oldest organization serving the field of journalism.

DePauw University
DePauw University (/dəˈpɔː/ də-PAW) is a private liberal arts college in Greencastle, Indiana, United States. It was founded in 1837 as Indiana Asbury College and changed its name to DePauw University in 1884. The college has a Methodist heritage and was founded to be an ecumenical institution of national stature, "conducted on the most liberal principles, accessible to all religious denominations and designed for the benefit of our citizens in general".

In 2023, DePauw had an enrollment of about 1,800 students. Its residential campus is located 45 miles (72 km) west of Indianapolis and is spread across 175 acres (71 ha) and 36 buildings, with an additional 520-acre (210 ha) DePauw Nature Park.
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification of the health components of functioning and disability.

The ICF received approval from all 191 World Health Organization (WHO) member states on May 22, 2001, during the 54th World Health Assembly. Its approval followed nine years of international revision efforts coordinated by WHO. WHO's initial classification for the effects of diseases, the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH), was created in 1980.

The ICF classification complements WHO's International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD), which contains information on diagnosis and health condition, but not on functional status. The ICD and ICF constitute the core classifications in the WHO Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC).: 3–4

World Health Assembly
The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World Health Organization (WHO) is governed by its 193 member states. It is the world's highest health policy setting body and is composed of health ministers from member states.

The members of the WHA generally meet every year in May in Geneva, Switzerland, at the Palace of Nations, the location of WHO Headquarters. The main tasks of the WHA are to decide major policy questions, as well as to approve the WHO work programme and budget and elect its Director-General (every fifth year) and annually to elect ten members to renew part of its executive board. Its main functions are to determine the policies of the Organization, supervise financial policies, and review and approve the proposed programme budget.
Hichiriki
The hichiriki (篳篥) is a double reed Japanese fue (flute) used as one of two main melodic instruments in gagaku music. It is one of the "sacred" instruments and is often heard at Shinto weddings in Japan. Its sound is often described as haunting.

The hichiriki is derived from the Chinese guan, which was imported into Japan during the Tang dynasty. According to scholars, the hichiriki emerged after the 12th century when the popularity of the Chinese melodies in Japan called tōgaku waned.

Tōgaku
Tōgaku (唐楽, literally "Tang dynasty music") is the Japanese pronunciation of an early style of music and dance from the Tang dynasty in China. Tōgaku was introduced into Japanese culture from China no earlier than the 8th century, and is still performed as one style of the imperial court music called gagaku.

During the Nara period (710–794), music and dances continued to flow into the capital from many parts of Asia. Many styles were eventually organized under two basic categories of gagaku. The first, tōgaku, consisted of pieces of Chinese and Indian origin, while komagaku included Manchurian, Korean, and many of the Japanese pieces. These two styles can be distinguished by their instrumentations.

The Korea equivalent of tōgaku (also introduced from China) is called dangak.

The instruments used in tōgaku are the shō, gakuso, shōko, hichiriki, ryūteki, taiko and kakko.
Bagdad, Kentucky
Bagdad is an unincorporated community in northeastern Shelby County, Kentucky, United States. It was founded at what is currently the intersection of Kentucky Routes 12 and 395. The ZIP Code for Bagdad is 40003.

Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".
Yazidi literature
Yazidi literature is literature produced by the Kurds-Yazidi people. Although Yazidi literature has traditionally been primarily oral, many Yazidi texts have been transcribed since the 1970s. Kurmanji is the main language used.

Unlike the other major religions of the Near East, Yazidism does not have a standardized canon of religious texts, since religious knowledge is traditionally transmitted orally.

Some of the largest text collections of Yazidi literature have been compiled by Philip G. Kreyenbroek & Khalil Rashow (2005) and Khanna Omarkhali (2017). Other compilations of various Yazidi texts are those of Christine Allison (2001) and Teimuraz Avdoev, a Georgian Yazidi.

Fexredîn
Sheikh or Malak Fakhr ad-Dīn (Kurdish: Şêx Fexredîn, Melik Fexredîn) is a holy figure venerated in Yazidism, he is considered one of the Seven Divine Beings, to all of whom God assigned the World's affairs, and his earthly incarnation is considered one of the four sons of Ezdina Mir along with Nasirdin, Sheikh Shems, and Sejadin, who are the respective ancestors and patriarchs of the four Şemsanî Sheikh lineages and are considered to have been avatars of the angelic beings. Fexredîn is considered the personification of the Moon, while his brother, Sheikh Shems is the personification of the Sun.

Many Yazidi qewls (sacred hymns) are attributed to Fexredîn.
Heather Grabbe
Heather Grabbe (born 30 August 1970) is Senior Fellow at the think-tank Bruegel in Brussels, Belgium. Since 2021, she is Visiting Professor at University College London and at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. She was previously the director of the Open Society European Policy Institute.

Bruegel (think tank)
Bruegel is a think tank devoted to policy research on economic issues. Based in Brussels, it started operations in 2005 and currently conducts research in five different focus areas with the aim of improving economic debate and policy-making.

Bruegel was recognised as the best international economics think tank worldwide (non-US) and the second best think tank worldwide (US and non-US), according to the 2020 Global Go To Think Tank Report.

It has a governance and funding model based on memberships from Member States of the European Union, international corporations, and other institutions.