hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dougal Robertson
Dougal Robertson (29 January 1924 – 22 September 1991) was a Scottish author and sailor who with his family survived being adrift at sea after their schooner was holed by a pod of orcas in 1972, one of the few documented orca attacks in the Pacific.

Linda Robertson (castaway)
Linda (Lyn) Robertson (née Poyser) (1919–1998) was a British nurse and yachtswoman who survived 38 days adrift in the Pacific Ocean in 1972 following the loss of the schooner Lucette, which sank after being struck by a pod of orcas. Published accounts of the ordeal, written by her husband Dougal Robertson and eldest son Douglas, credited her medical training, religious faith and practical approach as key to the survival of all six castaways.
Joseph Crosthwait
Joseph Crosthwait was chief assistant to John Flamsteed, the first Astronomer Royal.

Originally from Cumberland, Crosthwait came to the Observatory in 1708 and remained there until Flamsteed's death in 1719. Along with Flamsteed's widow, Margaret, and Abraham Sharp, he finalised publication of Flamsteed's Historia Coelestis Britannica and Atlas Coelestis.

Margaret Flamsteed
Margaret Flamsteed (née Cooke) (c. 1670-1730) is the first woman on record to be associated with astronomy in Britain. She was married to John Flamsteed, the Astronomical Observer (a post that later became known as Astronomer Royal). After John Flamsteed's death she oversaw publication of both of his most famous works: Historia Coelestis Britannica in 1725 and Atlas Coelestis in 1729. Without her, neither of these two important works would have been published.

Margaret appeared as a character in a play by Kevin Hood called The Astronomer's Garden.
Illegal Records
Illegal Records was an independent record label, founded in 1977 by Miles Copeland III with his younger brother Stewart Copeland and the manager of The Police, Paul Mulligan. The label released The Police's debut single, "Fall Out".

Copeland went on to sign more artists and started several other indie sublabels including: Deptford Fun City Records, Step-Forward Records and Total Noise Records. He also launched the foreign divisions, France & Netherlands, that released some of the same titles with different catalogue numbers, and some exclusive titles as well.

In 1979, after Copeland started I.R.S. Records, Illegal became its distributor in UK and Europe. It continued its operations until 1988, when it merged its operations with I.R.S.

I.R.S. Records
I.R.S. Records is a record label founded by Miles Copeland III and Jay Boberg in 1979. I.R.S. produced some of the most popular bands of the 1980s, and was particularly known for issuing records by college rock, new wave and alternative rock artists, including R.E.M., the Go-Go's, Wall of Voodoo, and Fine Young Cannibals. Currently the label is distributed by parent company Universal Music Group.
CMLL Super Viernes (December 2012)
In December 2012, the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) held four CMLL Super Viernes shows, all of which took place in Arena México on Friday nights. Some of the matches from Super Viernes were taped for CMLL's weekly shows that aired in Mexico the week following the Super Viernes show. The shows featured various professional wrestling matches with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds or storylines. Wrestlers portrayed either villains (referred to as "rudos" in Mexico) or fan favorites ("technicos" in Mexico) as they followed a series of tension-building events, which culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.

Sin Piedad (2012)
Sin Piedad (2012) (Spanish for "No Mercy") was an annual professional wrestling major event produced by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), which took place on December 14, 2012 in Arena México, Mexico City, Mexico and replaced CMLL's regular Friday night show Super Viernes ("Super Friday"). The 2012 Sin Piedad was the eleventh event under that name that CMLL has promoted their last major show of the year, always held in December. The main event of the show was the finals of the 2012 2012 La Copa Junior Tournament between La Sombra and Tama Tonga, both second-generation wrestlers. The show included five additional matches and would be the first major CMLL show promoted in Mexico since, the CMLL 67th Anniversary Show on September 29, 2000, to not feature a Lucha de Apuestas or bet match at all.
Marginal sinus
The marginal sinus is a dural venous sinus surrounding the margin of the foramen magnum inside the skull, accommodated by the groove for marginal sinus. It usually drains into either the sigmoid sinus, or the jugular bulb. It communicates with the basilar venous plexus anteriorly, and the occipital sinus posteriorly (the posterior union of the left and the right marginal sinus usually representing the commencement of the occipital sinus); it may form extracranial communications with the internal vertebral venous plexuses, or deep cervical veins.

Occipital sinus
The occipital sinus is the smallest of the dural venous sinuses. It is usually unpaired, and is sometimes altogether absent. It is situated in the attached margin of the falx cerebelli. It commences near the foramen magnum, and ends by draining into the confluence of sinuses.

Occipital sinuses were discovered by Guichard Joseph Duverney.
Dolný les
Dolný les is a national nature reserve in the Slovak municipality of Vysoká pri Morave in the Malacky District. The nature reserve covers an area of 186.26 ha of the Borská lowland area. It has a protection level of 4 under the slovak nature protection system. The nature reserve is part of the Záhorie Protected Landscape Area.

Záhorie Protected Landscape Area
Záhorie Protected Landscape Area (Slovak: Chránená krajinná oblasť Záhorie) is the first lowland protected landscape area in Slovakia. It is located in the non-administrative Záhorie Region in West Slovakia. The Landscape Area protects 275.22 km² (106.26 mi²) and is divided into two separate parts – western and north-eastern. The western part starts near the village of Kúty in the north, follows the borders between Slovakia and Austria alongside the Morava River and ends near Stupava in the south. The north-eastern part is bordered by the Military District of Záhorie in the east and south.
Buława, Opole Voivodeship
Buława ([buˈwava], additional name in German: Buhlau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzeleczki, within Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in the southern region of Upper Silesia in Poland.

The village is administered as part of the village of Pisarzowice.

Pisarzowice, Krapkowice County
Pisarzowice ([pisaʐɔˈvit͡sɛ], additional name in German: Schreibersdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzeleczki, within Krapkowice County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

Since 2006 the village, like the rest of the commune, has been officially bilingual in Polish and German.

The nearby hamlet of Buława is administered jointly with this village.
1993 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1993 U.S. Open was the 93rd U.S. Open, held June 17–20 at Baltusrol Golf Club in Springfield, New Jersey, west of New York City. Lee Janzen shot all four rounds in the 60s and tied the U.S. Open scoring record to win the first of his two U.S. Open titles, two strokes ahead of  runner-up Payne Stewart.

Janzen's total of 272 tied the U.S. Open scoring record set by Jack Nicklaus in 1980, also at Baltusrol. It was the third consecutive time at Baltusrol that the scoring record was tied or broken. Nicklaus also won in 1967 with a 275, one stroke better than Ben Hogan's 276 at Riviera in 1948. Janzen joined Lee Trevino as the only champion to post all four rounds under 70; Trevino shot 275 in 1968, a quarter century earlier. (Rory McIlroy became the third in 2011 and set the scoring record.)

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
David di Donatello for Best International Film
The David di Donatello for Best International Film (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior film internazionale), known as the David di Donatello for Best Foreign Film (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior film straniero) prior to 2022, is a category in the David di Donatello Awards, described as "Italy's answer to the Oscars", presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) since the 1959 edition.
The category is specifically for films not competing for European honours. No awards were granted during the 1960 and 1961 editions, from 1965 to 1971, and in 1981.
Starting from the 2019 edition, the award also includes films that previously would have belonged to the category of Best European Film.

David di Donatello for Best European Film
The David di Donatello for Best European Film (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior film dell'Unione europea) is a category in the David di Donatello Awards, described as "Italy’s answer to the Oscars". It was awarded by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the most outstanding non-Italian film released in Europe during the year preceding the ceremony. The award was launched at the 2004 ceremony and cancelled after the 2018 event, following which it was incorporated into the Best Foreign Film award.
Eduard Brendler
Eduard Brendler (4 November 1800 – 16 August 1831) was a Swedish composer. He was born in Dresden, Germany but his family moved to Sweden when he was only a year old. He died before completing his romantic opera Ryno, or the errant knight ("Ryno eller den vandrande riddaren: skådespel med sång i tre akter"), with a libretto by Bernhard von Beskow, so the opera was completed by his friend and patron the Crown Prince Oscar, and premiered in 1834.

Oscar I of Sweden
Oscar I (born Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte; 4 July 1799 – 8 July 1859) was King of Sweden and Norway from 8 March 1844 until his death. He was the second monarch of the House of Bernadotte.

The only child of King Charles XIV John, Oscar inherited the thrones upon the death of his father. Throughout his reign he would pursue a liberal course in politics in contrast to Charles XIV John, instituting reforms and improving ties between Sweden and Norway. In an address to him in 1857, the Riksdag declared that he had promoted the material prosperity of the kingdom more than any of his predecessors.
Marcos da Cruz
Marcos da Cruz  is an East Timorese politician, and a member of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (Portuguese: Congresso Nacional de Reconstrução de Timor, CNRT).

He is the incumbent Minister of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, and Forestry, serving since July 2023 in the IX Constitutional Government of East Timor led by Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão.

Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries (Timor-Leste)
The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries (Portuguese: Ministro da Agricultura e Pescas, Tetum: Ministru Agrikultura no Peskas) is a senior member of the Constitutional Government of Timor-Leste heading the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
Buddah Records
Buddah Records (later known as Buddha Records) was an American record label founded in 1967 in New York City. The label was born out of Kama Sutra Records, an MGM Records-distributed label, which remained a key imprint following Buddah's founding. Buddah handled a variety of music genres, including bubblegum pop (the Ohio Express and the 1910 Fruitgum Company), folk rock (Melanie), experimental music (Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band), and soul (Gladys Knight & the Pips).

In addition to the Buddah imprint, the company distributed many other independent labels, including Kama Sutra Records (after Kama Sutra cut their distribution ties with MGM in 1969), Curtom Records (Curtis Mayfield), T-Neck Records (the Isley Brothers), Charisma Records (Genesis, Monty Python), Sussex Records (Bill Withers), Hot Wax Records (Holland-Dozier-Holland post-Motown productions) and smaller subsidiaries.

Super K Productions
Super K Productions was a 1960s American recording production company under Buddah Records, headed by producers Jerry Kasenetz and Jeffry Katz, whose groups specialized in bubblegum pop.  Their biggest successes were The Ohio Express, The 1910 Fruitgum Company, Crazy Elephant and The Music Explosion.  Super K also had its own label of the same name in 1969, operated under Buddah Records, but it did not last as the bubblegum genre had already started to decline in popularity.

Not a company to depend on double-sided hits, many (but not all) Super K-produced singles were pressed with B-sides of either tracks recorded backwards or studio group instrumentals. This method was also employed earlier by producers Phil Spector and Joe Meek as a way of pointing a radio DJ to the "right" side of the singles.

In the 1970s, they had a small Recording Studio and Production office in Great Neck, New York, on East Shore Drive, just north of Northern Blvd. on Long Island.
Coatesville, Pennsylvania
Coatesville is the only city in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 13,350 at the 2020 census. Coatesville is approximately 39 miles west of Philadelphia. It developed along the Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike beginning in the late 18th century. It spans U.S. Route 30, the "Main Line" highway that runs west of Philadelphia.

Coatesville developed in the early 20th century with the growth of the Lukens Steel Company and other industry. Its population declined after industrial restructuring, which reduced these jobs. Lukens was bought by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation in 1997. In 2002, Bethlehem was bought by the then Ohio-based International Steel Group (ISG). Mittal Steel Company acquired ISG and merged with Arcelor to form ArcelorMittal. In 2020, Cleveland-Cliffs acquired the United States operations of ArcelorMittal.

Coatesville Veterans Administration Hospital Historic District
The Coatesville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, which is part of the Coatesville Veterans Administration Hospital Historic District, was built in 1929, and is located near Coatesville, Pennsylvania.

Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013, this historic district includes thirty-seven contributing buildings, four contributing structures, one contributing object, and two contributing sites.
Metergoline
Metergoline (INNTooltip INN, BANTooltip British Approved Name), also known as methergoline and sold under the brand names Contralac (veterinary) and Liserdol (clinical), is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline group which is used as a prolactin inhibitor in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin levels) and to suppress lactation.

Ergoline
Ergoline is a core structure in many alkaloids and their synthetic derivatives. Ergoline alkaloids were first characterized in ergot. Some of these are implicated in the condition of ergotism, which can take a convulsive form or a gangrenous form. Even so, many ergoline alkaloids have been found to be clinically useful. Annual world production of ergot alkaloids has been estimated at 5,000–8,000 kg of all ergopeptines and 10,000–15,000 kg of lysergic acid, used primarily in the manufacture of semi-synthetic derivatives.

Others, such as lysergic acid diethylamide, better known as LSD, a semi-synthetic derivative, and ergine, a natural derivative found in Argyreia nervosa, Ipomoea tricolor and related species, are known psychedelic substances.
Eilenberg–Ganea conjecture
The Eilenberg–Ganea conjecture is a claim in algebraic topology.  It was formulated by Samuel Eilenberg and Tudor Ganea in 1957, in a short, but influential paper.  It states that if a group G has cohomological dimension 2, then it has a 2-dimensional Eilenberg–MacLane space .  For n different from 2, a group G of cohomological dimension n has an n-dimensional Eilenberg–MacLane space. It is also known that a group of cohomological dimension 2 has a 3-dimensional Eilenberg−MacLane space.

In 1997,  Mladen Bestvina and Noel Brady constructed a group G so that either G is a counterexample to the Eilenberg–Ganea conjecture, or there must be a counterexample to the Whitehead conjecture; in other words, it is not possible for both conjectures to be true.

Cohomological dimension
In abstract algebra, cohomological dimension is an invariant of a group which measures the homological complexity of its representations. It has important applications in geometric group theory, topology, and algebraic number theory.
Margaret Jull Costa
Margaret Elisabeth Jull Costa OBE, OIH (born 2 May 1949) is a British translator of Portuguese- and Spanish-language fiction and poetry, including the works of Nobel Prize winner José Saramago, Eça de Queiroz, Fernando Pessoa, Paulo Coelho, Bernardo Atxaga, Carmen Martín Gaite, Javier Marías, and José Régio. She has won the Oxford-Weidenfeld Translation Prize more times than any other translator.

Premio Valle-Inclán
The Premio Valle-Inclán is a literary translation prize. It is awarded by the Society of Authors for the best English translation of a work of Spanish literature. It is named after Ramón del Valle-Inclán. The prize money is GBP £3,000 and a runner-up is awarded £1,000.

The award is granted annually recognizing translations of full-length Spanish language works of literary merit and general interest published in the UK. The selection process often highlights the translator's skill in capturing the essence and complexity of the original Spanish text, whether the work is contemporary fiction, non-fiction, or poetry.
2017 London Bridge attack
On 3 June 2017, a terrorist vehicle-ramming and stabbing took place in London, England. A van was deliberately driven into pedestrians on London Bridge, and then crashed on Borough High Street, just south of the River Thames. The van's three occupants then ran to the nearby Borough Market area and began stabbing people in and around restaurants and pubs. They were shot dead by Metropolitan Police and City of London Police firearms officers, and were found to be wearing fake explosive vests.

Eight people were killed and forty-eight were injured, including members of the public and four unarmed police officers who attempted to stop the assailants. British authorities described the perpetrators as "radical Islamist terrorists". The Islamic State (ISIS) claimed responsibility for the attack.

Ignacio Echeverría
Don Ignacio Echeverría Miralles de Imperial, OMC, GM (25 May 1978 – 3 June 2017) was a Spanish lawyer and banker. He fought off two of the three terrorists in the 2017 London Bridge attack, before being killed by the terrorists.
George Hibbert
George Hibbert (13 January 1757 – 8 October 1837) was an English merchant, politician and ship-owner. Alongside fellow slaver Robert Milligan, he was also one of the principals of the West India Dock Company which instigated the construction of the West India Docks on London's Isle of Dogs in 1800. An amateur botanist and book-collector, he also helped found the Royal National Lifeboat Institution in 1824.

Robert Milligan (merchant)
Robert Milligan (19 August 1746 – 21 May 1809) was a Scottish merchant, ship-owner and slave trader who was the driving force behind the construction and initial statutory sectoral monopoly of the West India Docks in London. From 1768 to 1779 Milligan was a merchant in Kingston, Jamaica. He left Jamaica in 1779 to establish himself in London, where he got married and had a family of eight children. He moved to Hampstead shortly before he died in 1809. By the time of his death, one of Milligan's partnerships had interests in estates in Jamaica which owned 526 slaves in their sugar plantations.
Yogaśāstra
Yogaśāstra (lit. "Yoga treatise") is a 12th-century Sanskrit text by Hemachandra on Śvetāmbara Jainism. It is a treatise on the "rules of conduct for laymen and ascetics", wherein "yoga" means "ratna-traya" (three jewels), i.e. right belief, right knowledge and right conduct for a Sadhaka. As a manual with an extensive auto-commentary called Svopajnavrtti, it was instrumental to the survival and growth of Śvetāmbara tradition in western Indian states such as Gujarat and the spread of Sanskrit culture in Jainism.

The Yogasastra is unlike the conventional much older yoga texts found in Buddhism and Hinduism, but shows their influence. Probably titled "yoga" because its royal patron was attached to yogic traditions of 12th-century India, the Yogasastra treatise is a systematic exposition of Jain doctrine using the Svetambara scriptures (sruta) and tradition (sampradaya), as well as the teachings of many prior Jain scholars such as Umasvati, Subhachandra, and Haribhadra.

Śvetāmbara
The Śvetāmbara (/ʃwɛˈtʌmbərə/; also spelled Shwetambara, Shvetambara, Svetambara or Swetambara) is one of the two main branches of Jainism, the other being the Digambara. Śvetāmbara in Sanskrit means "white-clad", and refers to its ascetics' practice of wearing white clothes, which sets it apart from the Digambara or "sky-clad" Jains whose ascetic practitioners go nude. Śvetāmbaras do not believe that ascetics must practice nudity.

The Śvetāmbara and Digambara traditions have had historical differences ranging from their dress code, their temples and iconography, attitude towards Jain nuns, their legends and the texts they consider as important. Śvetāmbara Jain communities are currently found mainly in Gujarat, Rajasthan and coastal regions of Maharashtra. According to Jeffery D. Long, a scholar of Hindu and Jain studies, about four-fifths of all Jains in India are Śvetāmbaras.
Casebook
A casebook is a type of textbook used primarily by students in law schools. Rather than simply laying out the legal doctrine in a particular area of study, a casebook contains excerpts from legal cases in which the law of that area was applied. It is then up to the student to analyze the language of the case in order to determine what rule was applied and how the court applied it.  Casebooks sometimes also contain excerpts from law review articles and legal treatises,  historical notes, editorial commentary, and other related materials to provide background for the cases.

The teaching style based on casebooks is known as the casebook method and is supposed to instill in law students how to "think like a lawyer." The casebook method is most often used in law schools in countries with common law legal systems, where case law is a major source of law.

Casebook method
The casebook method, similar to but not the same as the case method, is the primary method of teaching law in law schools in the United States.  It was pioneered at Harvard Law School by Christopher Columbus Langdell.  It is based on the principle that rather than studying highly abstract summaries of legal rules (the technique used in most countries), the best way to learn American law is to read the actual judicial opinions which become the law under the rule of stare decisis (due to its Anglo-American common law origin).
Anthony Brown (basketball)
Anthony LeJohn Brown (born October 10, 1992) is an American professional basketball player for Beşiktaş Gain of the Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroCup. He played college basketball for the Stanford Cardinal.

Bursaspor Basketbol
Bursaspor Basketbol is a Turkish professional basketball club based in Bursa. Founded in 2014, the club is the basketball section of the multi-sport club Bursaspor and currently competes in the Basketbol Süper Ligi, the top-tier basketball league in Turkey.