hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timothy Blackstone
Timothy Beach Blackstone (March 28, 1829 – May 26, 1900) was an American railroad executive, businessman, philanthropist, and politician.  He is descended from William Blaxton, an early settler of New England. He worked in the railroad industry for most of his life after dropping out of school.  At the time of his death, his estate was worth US$6 million ($226.8 million today).

Blackstone served as president of the Chicago and Alton Railroad from 1864 through 1899, was a founding president of the Union Stock Yards, and served one term as mayor of La Salle, Illinois. He was the benefactor of the James Blackstone Memorial Library in Branford, Connecticut, and his widow donated the Blackstone Memorial Library to the Chicago Public Library in 1902, the first dedicated branch of the Chicago Public Library system. The Blackstones also funded Blackstone Hall for the Art Institute of Chicago Building, and his mansion became the site of the Blackstone Hotel and the Blackstone Theatre.

Alton Railroad
The Alton Railroad (reporting mark A) was the final name of a railroad linking Chicago to Alton, Illinois; St. Louis, Missouri; and Kansas City, Missouri. Its predecessor, the Chicago and Alton Railroad (reporting mark C&A), was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1931 and was controlled until 1942 when the Alton was released to the courts. On May 31, 1947, the Alton Railroad was merged into the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Jacob Bunn had been one of the founding reorganizers of the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company during the 1860s.

Main lines included Chicago to St. Louis and a branch to Kansas City. The former is now part of Union Pacific, with Metra Heritage Corridor commuter rail service north of Joliet (owned by the Canadian National Railway but used by UP). Today, the Kansas City line is part of the CPKC system.
Campbeltown
Campbeltown (/ˈkæmbəltən/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Loch Chille Chiarain or Ceann Locha) is a town and former royal burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies by Campbeltown Loch on the Kintyre Peninsula. Campbeltown became an important centre for Scotch whisky, and a busy fishing port.

The 2018 population estimate was 4,600, indicating a reduction since the 2011 census.

Argyll and Bute
Argyll and Bute (Scots: Argyll an Buit; Scottish Gaelic: Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd, pronounced [ɛrˠəˈɣɛːəl̪ˠ akəs̪ ˈpɔːtʲ]) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020). The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.
Alfred Sheinwold
Alfred (Freddy) Sheinwold (January 26, 1912 – March 8, 1997) was an American bridge player, administrator, international team captain, and prolific writer. He and Edgar Kaplan developed the Kaplan–Sheinwold bidding system. Among other administrative assignments that he accepted, Sheinwold chaired the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) National Laws Commission from 1964 to 1975, and the ACBL Appeals Committee from 1966 to 1970. He was an editor of The Bridge World monthly magazine from 1934 to 1963 and was the editor of the monthly ACBL members' Bridge Bulletin from 1952 to 1958.

Upon his death early in 1997, the New York Times bridge columnist Alan Truscott called Sheinwold "the Grand Old Man of Bridge" and observed that he was the last of "the founders of contract bridge".

Bermuda Bowl
The Bermuda Bowl is a biennial contract bridge world championship for national teams. It is contested every odd-numbered year under the auspices of the World Bridge Federation (WBF), alongside the Venice Cup (women), the d'Orsi Senior Bowl and the Wuhan Cup (mixed). Entries formally represent WBF zones as well as nations, so it is also known as the World Zonal Open Team Championship. It is the oldest event that confers the title of world champion in bridge, and was first contested in 1950. The Bermuda Bowl trophy is awarded to the winning team, and is named for the site of the inaugural tournament, the Atlantic archipelago of Bermuda.

The term Bermuda Bowl is sometimes used for the entire two-week event, comprising the four zonal teams and one or more concurrent lesser tournaments.

Marrakesh, Morocco hosted the latest contest in August–September 2023, where Switzerland won the title.
France 3 Alpes
France 3 Alpes is one France 3's regional broadcasting services to people in the Rhône-Alpes region. It was launched as ORTF Rhône-Alpes in 1968. It is headquartered in La Tronche.
The service is also one of 2 services to be broadcast to people living in the region, the other being France 3 Rhône-Alpes, which is broadcast from Lyon. France 3 Alpes also produces news content. It is also received in Switzerland.

France 3 Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
France 3 Rhône-Alpes Auvergne is one of France 3's regional services broadcasting to people in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It was founded in 1954 as RTF Télé-Lyon. The service is headquartered in Lyon, the capital of the region. Programming is also produced by France 3 Rhône-Alpes.The service can also be seen in Switzerland.
Sir Reginald Sheffield, 8th Baronet
Sir Reginald Adrian Berkeley Sheffield, 8th Baronet DL (born 9 May 1946) is a British baronet and father of Samantha Cameron, who is the wife of a former British Prime Minister and Foreign Secretary, David Cameron.

He was educated at Eton College. The son of Edmund Sheffield and Nancy Soames, he succeeded to the baronetcy upon the death of his uncle Sir Robert Sheffield, 7th Baronet in 1977.

He married Annabel Jones in 1969 with whom he had two daughters, Samantha Cameron and Emily Sheffield. He married secondly Victoria Penelope Walker in 1977 with whom he had two daughters and one son.

He served as a Conservative Councillor on Humberside County Council from 1985 to 1993. He is the owner of Sutton Park, Yorkshire and a director of Normanby Estate Company Ltd.

He is a member of White's, Pratt's, and the Beefsteak Club.

In 2011, The Daily Telegraph reported that Sheffield received about £350,000 annually from eight wind turbines on his Normanby Hall estate.

Annabel Astor, Viscountess Astor
Annabel Lucy Veronica Astor, Viscountess Astor (née Jones, formerly Sheffield; born 14 August 1948), is an English businesswoman and socialite who is a founder and former CEO of OKA, a home furnishings design company. Before co-founding OKA, she was the owner and designer of the Annabel Jones jewellery business in London.

Her daughter Samantha is married to David Cameron, formerly British prime minister, Conservative Party leader and president of Alzheimer's Research UK.
Palazzo Spada
The Palazzo Spada is a palace located on Piazza di Capo Ferro #13 in the rione Regola of Rome, Italy. Standing very close to the Palazzo Farnese, it has a garden facing towards the Tiber river.

The palace accommodates a large art collection, the Galleria Spada. The collection was originally assembled by Cardinal Bernardino Spada in the 17th century, and by his brother Virgilio Spada, and added to by his grandnephew Cardinal Fabrizio Spada,

Regola
Regola is the 7th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. VII, and belongs to the Municipio I. The name comes from Arenula (the name is recognizable in the modern Via Arenula), which was the name of the soft sand (rena in Italian) that the river Tiber left after the floods, and that built strands on the left bank.

The inhabitants of the rione are called Regolanti. They were nicknamed mangiacode ('tail-eaters'), after the typical dish coda alla vaccinara, which was a specialty of the many vaccinari ('butchers') of the rione.

The seal of the rione represents a rampant deer with a turquoise background.
SPDY
SPDY (pronounced "speedy") is an obsolete open-specification communication protocol developed for transporting web content. SPDY became the basis for HTTP/2 specification. However, HTTP/2 diverged from SPDY and eventually HTTP/2 subsumed all use cases of SPDY. After HTTP/2 was ratified as a standard, major implementers, including Google, Mozilla, and Apple, deprecated SPDY in favor of HTTP/2. Since 2021, no modern browser supports SPDY.

Google announced SPDY in late 2009 and deployed in 2010. SPDY manipulates HTTP traffic, with particular goals of reducing web page load latency and improving web security. SPDY achieves reduced latency through compression, multiplexing, and prioritization, although this depends on a combination of network and website deployment conditions. The name "SPDY" is not an acronym.

Amazon Silk
Amazon Silk is a web browser developed by Amazon. It was launched in November 2011 for Amazon Fire and Fire Phone, and a Fire TV version was launched in November 2017. Amazon Silk was announced for the Echo Show in September 2018, and subsequently added the same month.

The browser utilizes a split architecture where some of the processing is performed on Amazon's servers to improve a website's loading performance. Based on Google's open-source Chromium project, Silk uses the Blink and V8 engines for displaying webpages and executing JavaScript.
Hydrosaurus
Hydrosaurus, commonly known as the sailfin dragons or sailfin lizards, is a genus in the family Agamidae. These relatively large lizards are named after the sail-like structure on their tails. They are native to Indonesia (four species) and the Philippines (one species), where they are generally found near water, such as rivers and mangrove swamps. Sailfin lizards are semiaquatic and able to run short distances across water using both their feet and tail for support, similar to the basilisks. They are threatened by both habitat loss and overcollection for the wild-animal trade.

In the 19th century, the genus was called Lophura, but in 1903, Poche pointed out that the name was preoccupied by a genus of pheasants. Since Günther in 1873, the Sulawesi populations were considered to belong to H. amboinensis; Denzer et al. in 2020 resurrected H. celebensis and H. microlophus, increasing the number of species from three to five.

They are the only members of the subfamily Hydrosaurinae.

Basiliscus (lizard)
Basiliscus is a genus of large corytophanid lizards, commonly known as basilisks, which are endemic to southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. The genus contains four species, which are commonly known as the Jesus Christ lizard, or simply the Jesus lizard, due to their ability to run across water for significant distances before sinking due to the large surface area of their feet.
James Bateman (banker)
Sir James Bateman (29 April 1660 – 10 November 1718) was an English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1711 to 1718. He became Lord Mayor of London and Governor of the Bank of England.

Shobdon Court
Shobdon Court was an 18th-century English country house in the village of Shobdon, near Leominster, Herefordshire. Although the main house has since been demolished, the service wing and the stable block have been converted to residential use.

Shobdon Court was rectangular in plan and sat in parkland on the side of a hill. Built of brick, it was similar in appearance to Clarendon House in London. It was substantially remodelled in the mid 1800s.
Briggs & Stratton
Briggs & Stratton Corporation is an American manufacturer of small engines with headquarters in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin.

Engine production averages 10 million units per year as of April 2015. The company reports that it has thirteen large facilities in the U.S. and eight more in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Mexico, and the Netherlands. The company's products are sold in over 100 countries across the globe.

Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
Wauwatosa (/ˌwɔːwəˈtoʊsə/ ⓘ WAW-wə-TOH-sə; colloquially Tosa) is a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 48,387 at the 2020 census. Wauwatosa is a suburb located immediately west of Milwaukee and is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. It is named after the Potawatomi Chief Wauwataesie and the Potawatomi word for firefly.
St Aidan's Church, Billinge
St Aidan's Church is in Main Street, Billinge, St Helens, Merseyside, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Liverpool.  It was built in 1716–18 to replace a chapel of ease on the site, and was remodelled and extended in 1907–08.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

Billinge, Merseyside
Billinge is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, Merseyside, England. It forms the larger part of the civil parish of Billinge Chapel End.

At the United Kingdom Census 2001, it had a population of 6,554.

Within the boundaries of the historic county of Lancashire, Billinge is located by road approximately 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of Wigan (town centre) and 3.7 miles (5.9 km) northeast of St Helens (town centre).
Aellopos blaini
Aellopos blaini is a moth of the  family Sphingidae. It is found in Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico.

It can be distinguished from all other Aellopos species with an entirely black hindwing upperside by the lack of a transverse white band on abdominal tergite four. The hindwing upperside is entirely black.

The larvae feed on Rubiaceae species.

Aellopos
The genus Aellopos consists of large day-flying moths in the family Sphingidae. It was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1819. Species in this genus occur from Maine in the United States through Central America and down to Argentina and Uruguay in South America.
St. Andrew's Rovers FC
St. Andrew's Rovers FC was a 19th-century rugby football club. It was formed by people of Scottish origin living in London, and is notable for being both one of the earliest football clubs (of any code) and also for its part in the formation of London Scottish FC.

London Scottish F.C.
London Scottish Football Club is a rugby union club in England. The club is a member of both the Rugby Football Union and the Scottish Rugby Union. The club is currently playing in the 2nd tier of the English rugby union system, Champ Rugby, and share the Athletic Ground with Richmond.
Wemyss Bay
Wemyss Bay (/ˌwiːmz ˈbeɪ/ ⓘ) is a village on the coast of the Firth of Clyde in Inverclyde in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. It is in the traditional county of Renfrewshire. It is adjacent to Skelmorlie, North Ayrshire. The town and villages have always been in separate counties, divided by the Kelly Burn.

Wemyss Bay is the port for ferries  on the Sea Road to Rothesay on the Isle of Bute. Passengers from the island can connect to Glasgow via Glasgow Central railway station by trains, which terminate in the town at Wemyss Bay railway station, noted for its architectural qualities and regarded as one of Scotland's finest railway buildings. The port is very exposed, so in high winds the ferries must travel up river to Gourock to dock.

Firth of Clyde
The Firth of Clyde is the estuary of the River Clyde, on the west coast of Scotland. The Firth has some of the deepest coastal waters of the British Isles and is sheltered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Kintyre Peninsula.  The Firth lies between West Dunbartonshire in the north, Argyll and Bute in the west, and Inverclyde, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire in the east. Kilbrannan Sound is a large arm of the Firth, separating the Kintyre Peninsula from the Isle of Arran. The Kyles of Bute separates the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula. The Sound of Bute separates the islands of Bute and Arran.

The Highland Boundary Fault crosses the Firth.  The Firth also played a vital military role during World War II.

The Firth is sometimes called the Clyde Waters or Clyde Sea. It is customarily considered to be part of the Irish Sea.
VLF Transmitter Cutler
The VLF Transmitter Cutler is the United States Navy's very low frequency (VLF) shore radio station at Cutler, Maine. The station provides one-way communication to submarines of the Navy's Atlantic Fleet, both on the surface and submerged. It transmits with call sign NAA, at a frequency of 24 kHz and input power of up to 1.8 megawatts, and is one of the most powerful radio transmitters in the world.

Umbrella antenna
An umbrella antenna is a capacitively top-loaded wire monopole antenna, consisting in most cases of a mast fed at the ground end, to which a number of radial wires are connected at the top, sloping downwards. One side of the feedline supplying power from the transmitter is connected to the mast, and the other side to a ground (earthing) system of radial wires buried in the earth under the antenna. They are used as transmitting antennas below 1 MHz, in the MF, LF and particularly the VLF bands, at frequencies sufficiently low that it is impractical or infeasible to build a full size quarter-wave monopole antenna. The outer end of each radial wire, sloping down from the top of the antenna, is connected by an insulator to a supporting rope or cable anchored to the ground; the radial wires can also support the mast as guy wires. The radial wires make the antenna look like the wire frame of a giant umbrella (without the cloth) hence the name.
Sant Nenuram Ashram
Sant Nenuram Ashram is an Ashram located in Islamkot city in the Tharparkar District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is one of the most revered temples of the Hindu community in Pakistan. It is 45 km away from the district capital Mithi. The ashram is spread over a 10-acre  land containing temples and resting places.

The ashram was established by the Hindu saint Sant Nenuram. The Ashram provides food to hundreds of people every day irrespective of their religion and caste. The Sant Nenuram Mela- three day festival commemorating the death anniversary of Sant Nenuram is visited by a large number of Hindus and Muslims

Tharparkar
Tharparkar (Dhatki/Sindhi: ٿرپارڪر; Urdu: تھرپارکر, Urdu pronunciation: [t̪ʰəɾpɑːɾkəɾ]), also known as Thar, is a district in Sindh province in Pakistan, headquartered at Mithi. Before Indian independence it was known as the Thar and Parkar (1901⁠–⁠1947) or Eastern Sindh Frontier District (1860⁠–⁠1901).

The district is the largest in Sindh, and has the largest Hindu population in Pakistan. It has the lowest Human Development Index rating of all the districts in Sindh. Currently the Sindh government is planning to divide the Tharparkar district into Tharparkar and Chhachro district.
Buvika
Buvika is a village in Skaun Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located at the end of the Gaulosen, an arm of the Trondheimsfjord, about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) southwest of the mouth of the Gaula River. Buvika lies along the European route E39, about halfway between the villages of Børsa and Nypan/Klett. Buvik Church is located in the village.

The western part of the village of Buvika is called Ilhaugen. Together, the 1.48-square-kilometre (370-acre) village area has a population (2024) of 3,193 and a population density of 2,157 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,590/sq mi).

Buvik Church
Buvik Church (Norwegian: Buvik kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Skaun Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Buvika. It is the church for the Buvik parish which is part of the Orkdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in an octagonal style in 1819 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 250 people.
Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR, also known as the S&D, S&DR or SDJR), was an English railway line jointly owned by the Midland Railway (MR) and the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) that grew to connect Bath (in north-east Somerset) and Bournemouth (then in Hampshire; now in south-east Dorset), with a branch in Somerset from Evercreech Junction to Burnham-on-Sea and Bridgwater. Strictly speaking, its main line only ran from Bath Junction to Broadstone, as the Bath to Bath Junction section was wholly owned by the MR and the Broadstone to Bournemouth section was owned by the LSWR.

Brought under joint ownership in 1876, the S&DJR was used for freight and local passenger traffic over the Mendip Hills, and for weekend holiday traffic to Bournemouth. Criticised as the "Slow and Dirty" or the "Slow and Doubtful", it closed in 1966 as part of the Beeching axe despite protests from the local community.

S&DJR 7F 2-8-0
The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR) 7F 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy coal and goods trains. Eleven were built in two batches in 1914 and 1925, and were used until withdrawal between 1959 and 1964. Two are preserved.
Onsernone
Onsernone is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Ticino, near the city of Locarno. The river Isorno, known as the Onsernone River in Italy, runs through the valley with which Onsernone shares its name.

The municipality was created in 1995 by a merger of Comologno, Crana and Russo.

On 10 April 2016 the former municipalities of Vergeletto, Gresso, Mosogno and Isorno merged into Onsernone.

Comologno
Comologno is a village and former municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.

In 1995 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Crana and Russo to form a new and larger municipality Onsernone.

The municipality also contained the villages Vocaglia, Corbella, Cappellino and Spruga.
Artsakh passport
Artsakhi passports (Armenian: Արցախի անձնագիր) were issued to Artsakhi citizens to travel outside the partially recognized Republic of Artsakh. They were also used as proof of identity within the country. Passports of the Republic of Artsakh were issued based on amendments to the Constitution of Artsakh of 2006. Following an Azerbaijani assault on 19 September 2023, Artsakh agreed to dissolve itself by 1 January 2024. In accordance with the agreement, it did so on 1 January 2024, ending its self-proclaimed independence.

Armenian passport
The Armenian passport (Armenian: Հայկական անձնագիր, romanized: Haykakan andznagir) is a passport issued to Armenian citizens to enable them to travel outside Armenia, and entitles the bearer to the protection of Armenia's consular officials overseas. Armenian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 65 countries and territories as of 2023.

Between 1994 and 2005, all Soviet Union passports were completely replaced with Armenian passports, invalidating Soviet Union passports' use in Armenia since 2005. Today, Armenian passports are also used as proof of identity within the country, along with Armenian ID cards.
Gerard Malanga
Gerard Joseph Malanga (born March 20, 1943) is an American poet, photographer, filmmaker, actor, curator, and archivist.

Malanga worked for pop artist Andy Warhol from 1963 to 1970. The New York Times referred to him as "Andy Warhol's most important associate." He began as Warhol's studio assistant, helping him with the silkscreening of his paintings. Later, he was appointed as a founding editor of Warhol's Interview magazine. As a Warhol superstar, he also appeared in a number of underground films.

His photography spans over four decades and includes portraits, nudes, and the urban documentation of "New York's Changing Scene." Malanga, who is primarily a poet, considered his portraits to be "poetry on film." He has directed several films and written books.

In 2024, Malanga was elected as a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture.

Warhol superstars
Warhol superstars were a clique of New York City personalities promoted by Andy Warhol during the 1960s and 1970s. They spent time with Warhol at his studio the Factory, appeared in his films, and accompanied him in public around New York. They were known for casual sex, public nudity, and flaunting homosexuality. They came to symbolize the sexual revolution of the time.