hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reipoltskirchen
Reipoltskirchen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein.

Wolfstein, Rhineland-Palatinate
Wolfstein (German pronunciation: [ˈvɔlfˌʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is a town in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Before 1 July 2014 it was the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, since then it is part of the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein. Wolfstein is known for its two castle ruins, Neu-Wolfstein standing over the heart of the town, and Alt-Wolfstein standing at the narrowest spot in the Lauter valley at the town's northern entrance. Wolfstein is a state-recognized recreational resort (Erholungsort).
"Cochranella" riveroi
"Cochranella" riveroi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Cerro Aracamuni, Venezuela. The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain (incertae sedis).

Centroleninae
Centroleninae is one of two subfamilies of the family Centrolenidae. It has nine genera distributed in Central America from Honduras south and east to northern and central South America. As of mid 2015, it contains 117 species.
Grey-brown white-eye
The grey-brown white-eye or Pohnpei white-eye (Zosterops ponapensis) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to Pohnpei.

This species and the Kosrae white-eye were formerly considered conspecific.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.

Kosrae white-eye
The Kosrae white-eye (Zosterops cinereus) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is endemic to Kosrae Island.  This species and the grey-brown white-eye were formerly considered conspecific.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
Nipigon
Nipigon (/ˈnɪpɪɡən/) is a township in Thunder Bay District, Northwestern Ontario, Canada, located along the west side of the Nipigon River and south of the small Helen Lake running between Lake Nipigon and Lake Superior. Lake Nipigon is located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Nipigon. Located at latitude 49.0125° N, Nipigon is the northernmost community on the Great Lakes.

A communications tower near Nipigon broadcasts a local radio station and television channels from Thunder Bay, including CKPR (TBT), CFNO and CBQT.

The Nipigon Crater or Crater Nipigon on Mars is named after this town.

Lake Nipigon
Lake Nipigon (/ˈnɪpɪɡɒn/ NIP-ih-gon; French: lac Nipigon; Ojibwe: Animbiigoo-zaaga'igan) is a freshwater lake in Northwestern Ontario. Part of the Great Lakes drainage basin, it drains through the Nipigon River into Lake Superior. It is the largest lake entirely within the Canadian province of Ontario.
The Bundles
The Bundles were an anti-folk music group formed in 2001 by Jeffrey Lewis and The Moldy Peaches' Kimya Dawson. Their members included, in addition to Lewis and Dawson, Lewis' brother Jack, Brooklyn-based drummer Anders Griffen, and indie rock musician Karl Blau. They released one eponymous album, on March 9, 2010, on K Records.

Kimya Dawson
Kimya Dawson (born November 17, 1972) is an American folk singer-songwriter, one half of the anti-folk duo the Moldy Peaches. Dawson's work with the Moldy Peaches earned them a cult following and critical acclaim, with their 2001 song "Anyone Else but You" landing a spot in multiple acclaimed indie film soundtracks. "Anyone Else but You" as performed by Michael Cera and Elliot Page charted on the Billboard Hot 100 after its prominent inclusion in the 2007 film Juno, the soundtrack of which includes several songs by Dawson and her associated musical acts. The song remains Dawson's highest charting single to date. In addition to her work with the Moldy Peaches, Dawson has released seven solo studio albums and collaborated with various other artists from a diverse range of genres, including  Aesop Rock, They Might Be Giants, The Mountain Goats, and Third Eye Blind.
Misaki Ohata
Misaki Oishi (大石 美咲, Ōishi Misaki; born January 5, 1989), better known by her maiden name Misaki Ohata (大畠 美咲, Ōhata Misaki), is a Japanese retired professional wrestler. She is best known for her work while signed to the Zabun production company and its two promotions; Pro Wrestling Wave and Osaka Joshi Pro Wrestling. She is a former one-time Wave Single Champion and a three-time Wave Tag Team Champion. She also works behind the scenes as Zabun's human resources director. She also made regular appearances for Michinoku Pro Wrestling, where she performed under a mask and the ring name Yapper Man #3 (ヤッペーマン3号, Yappēman San Gō). In the past, she has also made appearances for American promotion Shimmer Women Athletes, where she is a former Shimmer Tag Team Champion.

Dual Shock Wave
Dual Shock Wave is an annual professional wrestling tag team tournament promoted by the Pro Wrestling Wave promotion. It has been held since 2011 and takes place between early September and mid-November. The first tournament, held in a single-elimination format, was used to determine the inaugural Wave Tag Team Champions. In 2012, the tournament was changed to a round-robin format with the winners of each block advancing to the finals. In 2014, the tournament returned to single-elimination format. Since October 2013, the name "Dual Shock Wave" has also referred to the Wave Tag Team Championship.
Imidazole propionate
Imidazole propionate (ImP), also known as 5-imidazolepropionic acid, is a bacterial metabolite of histidine and a neurotoxin. It is produced by Streptococcus mutans and its enzyme urocanate reductase (UrdA) in the gut. S. mutans, as well as ImP production and circulating levels, have been found to be elevated in people with Parkinson's disease. In addition, administration of ImP, or colonization with ImP-producing bacteria, causes dopaminergic neurotoxicity and Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in rodents. Based on these findings, UrdA-expressing and ImP-producing bacteria may be involved in the etiology of Parkinson's disease in humans. ImP has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of other diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease, among others. ImP activates the imidazoline I1 receptor and this appears to be involved in some of its toxic effects. Relatedly, imidazoline I1 receptor antagonists have been proposed for possible therapeutic purposes.

Histidine
Histidine (symbol His or H) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated –NH3+ form under biological conditions), a carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO− form under biological conditions), and an imidazole side chain (which is partially protonated), classifying it as a positively charged amino acid at physiological pH. Initially thought essential only for infants, it has now been shown in longer-term studies to be essential for adults also. It is encoded by the codons CAU and CAC.

Histidine was first isolated by Albrecht Kossel and Sven Gustaf Hedin in 1896. The name stems from its discovery in tissue, from ἱστός histós "tissue". It is also a precursor to histamine, a vital inflammatory agent in immune responses. The acyl radical is histidyl.
Adelaide of Italy
Adelaide of Italy (German: Adelheid; 931 – 16 December 999 AD), also called Adelaide of Burgundy, was Holy Roman Empress by marriage to Emperor Otto the Great. She was crowned with him by Pope John XII in Rome on 2 February 962. She was the first German queen more consistently designated as consors regni, denoting a "co-bearer of royalty" who shared power with her husband. She was essential as a model for future consorts regarding both status and political influence. She was regent of the Holy Roman Empire as the guardian of her grandson in 991–995.

Odilo of Cluny
Odilo of Cluny (c. 962 – 1 January 1049) was the 5th Benedictine Abbot of Cluny, succeeding Mayeul and holding the post for around 54 years.  During his tenure Cluny became the most important monastery in western Europe. Odilo actively worked to reform the monastic practices not only at Cluny, but at other Benedictine houses. He also promoted the Truce of God whereby military hostilities were temporarily suspended at certain times for ostensibly religious reasons. Odilo encouraged the formal practice of personal consecration to Mary. He established All Souls' Day (on 2 November) in Cluny and its monasteries as the annual commemoration to pray for all the faithful departed. The practice was soon adopted throughout the whole Western church. He was lifelong friends with William of Dijon, another Cluniac abbot and reformer.
Pakistan Junior League
The Pakistan Junior League (PJL) was a professional 20-over cricket league contested by Under-19 teams representing different cities of Pakistan. The league was soft-launched on 14 April 2022 by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) Chairman, Ramiz Raja. The only installment, the 2022 Pakistan Junior League (also known as PJL1), was played from 6–21 October 2022, featuring six teams and 19 games, at Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore. Draft for the league was held on 8 Sep 2022, 24 foreign players from nine countries were selected by teams along with 66 local players. It featured six teams playing 19 games in a round robin league format, at Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore. It was the first international league to exclusively consist of junior cricketers. Bahawalpur Royals beat Gwadar Sharks in the final on 21 October and became the inaugural and only champions of the PJL. The league was dissolved in December 2022.

Pakistan Super League
The Pakistan Super League (PSL), also known as HBL PSL for sponsorship reasons, is a professional Twenty20 cricket league in Pakistan, organised by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB).

Founded by the PCB in 2015, the league currently features (since 2018 PSL) six city-based franchise teams. Instead of operating as an association of independently owned teams, the league is a single entity in which each franchise is owned and controlled by the investors.

Each team plays the group-stage matches in a double round-robin format and the top four teams with the most points qualify for the playoffs, culminating in the final.

As of 2025, there have been ten seasons of the league. Islamabad United and Lahore Qalandars are the most successful teams, both winning three titles each.
Verreau Bay
The Verreau Bay is a freshwater body located in the northeast part of Gouin Reservoir, in the territory of the town of La Tuque, in the administrative region of the Mauricie, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

Gouin Reservoir
The Gouin Reservoir (French: Réservoir Gouin, pronounced [ʁezɛʁvwaʁ ɡwɛ̃]) is a man-made lake, fully within the boundaries of the City of La Tuque, Quebec, Canada. It is not one contiguous body of water, but the collective name for a series of connected lakes separated by innumerable bays, peninsulas, and islands with highly irregular shapes. It has therefore a relative long shoreline of over 5,600 km (3,500 mi) (excluding islands) compared to its surface area of 1,570 km2 (610 sq mi). It is the source of the Saint-Maurice River.

This large reservoir extends into the cantons of (in order, in row from north to south):

Mathieu, Verreau;

Lacasse, Toussaint, McSweeney, Magnan, Lindsay;

Hanotaux, Cremazie, Lemay, Marmette, Brochu, Déziel;

Poisson, Evanturel, Myrand, Chapman, Nevers, Aubin, Levasseur;

Achintre, Sulte, Huguenin, Delage, Leblanc, Bureau.
Frederick Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard
Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, 1st Baron Lugard GCMG CB DSO PC (22 January 1858 – 11 April 1945), known as Sir Frederick Lugard between 1901 and 1928, was a British soldier, explorer of Africa and colonial administrator. He was Governor of Hong Kong (1907–1912), the last Governor of Southern Nigeria Protectorate (1912–1914), the first High Commissioner (1900–1906), the last Governor (1912–1914) of Northern Nigeria Protectorate and the first Governor-General of Nigeria (1914–1919).

Royal West African Frontier Force
The West African Frontier Force (WAFF) was a multi-battalion field force, formed by the British Colonial Office in 1900 to garrison the West African colonies of Nigeria, Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and Gambia. In 1928, it received royal recognition, becoming the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF).
Horabagridae
Horabagridae is a family of catfishes containing four genera, Horabagrus, Pachypterus, Platytropius and Pseudeutropius. Horobagrus has been more usually assigned to the family Bagridae and sometimes it has been suggested it is closer to the Schilbeidae which is where the other two genera have been more conventionally placed. However, more recent taxonomic treatments continue to place it as close to the Bagridae and Ailiidae.

Bagridae
The Bagridae are a family of catfish that are native to Africa (Bagrus) and Asia (all other genera) from Japan to Borneo. It includes about 245 species. These fish are commonly known as naked catfishes or bagrid catfishes.

Many large bagrids are important as a source of food. Some species are also kept as aquarium fishes.
Kalgansky District
Kalgansky District (Russian: Калганский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the krai and borders Nerchinsko-Zavodsky District in the north, Priargunsky District in the south, and Alexandrovo-Zavodsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,900 square kilometers (1,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kalga. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 8,771, with the population of Kalga accounting for 39.1% of that number.

Priargunsky District
Priargunsky District (Russian: Приаргунский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the krai, and borders with Kalgansky District in the north, and with Krasnokamensky District in the south.  The area of the district is 5,100 square kilometers (2,000 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Priargunsk. Population: 21,831 (2010 Census); 26,959 (2002 Census); 29,120 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Priargunsk accounts for 33.8% of the district's total population.
Salasco
Salasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Vercelli.

The municipality of Salasco contains the frazione Selve, a typical cascina a corte of the Vercellese rice paddy fields landscape.

Salasco borders the following municipalities: Crova, Lignana, Sali Vercellese, San Germano Vercellese, and Vercelli.

Selve, together with the nearby Tenuta Veneria (comune of Lignana), was a filming location for Bitter Rice, a 1949 neorealistic movie starring Silvana Mangano and Vittorio Gassman.

Sali Vercellese
Sali Vercellese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Vercelli.

Sali Vercellese borders the following municipalities: Lignana, Salasco, and Vercelli.
Luna (orca)
L98 or Luna (c. 19 September 1999 – 10 March 2006), also known as Tsux'iit, was an orca born in Puget Sound. After being separated from his mother, Splash (1985–2008) while still young, Luna spent five years in Nootka Sound, an ocean inlet of western Vancouver Island, where he had extensive human contact and became recognized internationally.

Although Luna was healthy and his presence in the area attracted extensive publicity, there were concerns that his behavior could endanger watercraft and people. After years of debate, the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) authorized an effort in June 2004 to rescue Luna and return him to his pod. The plan was opposed by the Mowachaht/Muchalaht First Nations, who believed Luna was the reincarnation of a former chief. Remaining alone in Nootka Sound, Luna was killed accidentally by a tugboat propeller on March 10, 2006.

Gold River, British Columbia
Gold River is a village municipality located close to the geographic centre of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. In terms of the Island's human geography it is considered to be part of the "North Island", even though it technically is on the Island's west coast.
Daniela Romo
Teresa Presmanes Corona (born 27 August 1959), known professionally as Daniela Romo, is a Mexican singer, actress and TV hostess. During her career, she has sold 15 million records, making her one of the best-selling Latin music artists.

Mujer de todos, Mujer de nadie
Mujer de todos, Mujer de nadie (English: Everybody's Woman, Nobody's Woman) is the fourth studio album by Mexican pop singer Daniela Romo. This album was released in 1986 and it was her most successful album released in the 1980s, with the song De Mi Enamórate spending 14 weeks at #1 at the Hot Latin Tracks of Billboard, a record at the time.
Roman Frigg
Roman Frigg (born 1972 in Switzerland) is a Swiss philosopher and professor at the Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method at the London School of Economics, where he also directs its Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science. He is also visiting professor at the Munich Centre for Mathematical Philosophy at Ludwig Maximilian University.  In 2016 he was awarded the Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research Award.

Frigg obtained his MSc in Theoretical Physics at the University of Basel and his PhD in Philosophy at the London School of Economics and Political Science under Nancy Cartwright and Carl Hoefer, with the thesis entitled Re-presenting Scientific Representation.

Nancy Cartwright (philosopher)
Nancy Cartwright, Lady Hampshire FBA, FAcSS (born 24 June 1944) is an American philosopher of science. She is a professor of philosophy at the University of California at San Diego and the University of Durham. Currently, she is the past president of the Division for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (DLMPST) of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology under the International Science Council (ISC).
Gratzen Mountains
The Gratzen Mountains (German: Gratzener Bergland or, more rarely, Gratzener Gebirge; Czech: Novohradské hory) are part of the Bohemian Massif and run along either side of the border between the Czech Republic and the Austrian states of Upper and Lower Austria.

Bohemian Massif
The Bohemian Massif (Czech: Česká vysočina or Český masiv, German: Böhmische Masse or Böhmisches Massiv) is a geomorphological province in Central Europe. It is a large massif stretching over most of the Czech Republic, eastern Germany, southern Poland and northern Austria.

The massif encompasses a number of mittelgebirges and consists of crystalline rocks, which are older than the Permian (more than 300 million years old) and therefore deformed during the Variscan Orogeny.

Parts of the Sudetes within the Bohemian Massif, Giant Mountains in particular, stand out from the ordinary mittelgebirge pattern by having up to four distinct levels of altitudinal zonation, glacial cirques, small periglacial landforms and an elevation significantly above the timber line.
Commonwealth University-Mansfield
Commonwealth University-Mansfield (CU-Mansfield, or Mansfield) is a campus of Commonwealth University of Pennsylvania, and is located in Mansfield, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE). The campus's total enrollment is 1,637 students.

Mansfield, Pennsylvania
Mansfield is a borough located in east-central Tioga County, Pennsylvania, United States, in the Tioga River valley. As of the 2020 census, Mansfield had a population of 2,839. It is situated at the intersection of U.S. Route 6 and U.S. Business Route 15, about 36 miles (58 km) southwest of Elmira, New York.
Hephzibah, Georgia
Hephzibah (/ˈhɛpzɪbə/) is a city in southern Richmond County, in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is part of the Augusta metropolitan area as well as the Central Savannah River Area. The population was 4,011 at the 2010 census, and 3,830 in 2020. Hephzibah is a poetic name used in the Book of Isaiah (62:4) to refer to Jerusalem, meaning "My delight is in Her."

Augusta metropolitan area
The Augusta metropolitan area, officially the Augusta-Richmond County metropolitan statistical area according to the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Census Bureau and other agencies, is a metropolitan statistical area centered on the city of Augusta, Georgia. It straddles two U.S. states, Georgia and South Carolina, and includes the Georgia counties of Richmond, Burke, Columbia, Lincoln, and McDuffie as well as the South Carolina counties of Aiken and Edgefield. The official 2023 U.S. census estimate for the area was 629,429 residents, up from 611,000 at the 2020 U.S. census.
Louis d'Or (award)
The Louis d'Or is a Dutch acting award, given annually to the actor with the most impressive leading role of the theater season. It is awarded by the Vereniging van Schouwburg- en Concertgebouwdirecties (VSCD), the main trade organisation for theaters in The Netherlands. The award itself is a golden medal, currently designed by Eric Claus. It was named after the Dutch actor Louis Bouwmeester. Its female counterpart is the Theo d'Or.

The Louis d'Or is awarded annually, along with the other VSCD stage awards, at the Gala of Dutch Theater in the Stadsschouwburg in Amsterdam.

Vereniging van Schouwburg- en Concertgebouwdirecties
The Association of Theater and Concert Hall Directors (Dutch: Vereniging van Schouwburg- en Concertgebouwdirecties) in short VSCD is a Dutch association founded in 1955.

It presents many awards, including the theater awards Louis d'Or, Theo d'Or, Arlecchino, and Colombina.
St Lucia Uniting Church
The St Lucia Uniting Church is a heritage-listed Uniting church at 7 Hawken Drive, St Lucia, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Built in 1952, it was designed by Ronald Martin Wilson. The church, formerly known as St Lucia Presbyterian Church, was originally commissioned for the St Lucia congregation of Presbyterians, subsequently becoming the property of the Uniting Church.  This church was the first substantial commission awarded to R. Martin Wilson after World War II. The church is listed on the Brisbane Heritage Register.

St Lucia, Queensland
St Lucia is a riverside suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The University of Queensland is the main attraction of St Lucia, with the university and its residential colleges covering a large proportion of the suburb. According to the 2021 census, St Lucia had a population of 12,220.
Preclinical development
In drug development,  preclinical development (also termed preclinical studies or nonclinical studies) is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals.

The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics.

Companies use stylized statistics to illustrate the risks in preclinical research, such as that on average, only one in every 5,000 compounds that enters drug discovery to the stage of preclinical development becomes an approved drug.

Approved drug
An approved drug is a medicinal preparation that has been validated for a therapeutic use by a ruling authority of a government. This process is usually specific by country, unless specified otherwise.