hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurt Saxon
Kurt Saxon (born Donald Eugene Sisco; March 6, 1932 – August 16, 2021) was an American writer, radio host, survivalist and the author of The Poor Man's James Bond, a series of books on improvised weapons and munitions. He claimed to have coined the term "survivalist".

Rants and Incendiary Tracts
Rants and Incendiary Tracts: Voices of Desperate Illumination 1558–Present is an anthology book of rants edited by Bob Black and Adam Parfrey. The book does not attempt to define what a rant is. Black was an anarchist, the author of The Abolition of Work, while Parfrey was a publisher. It was co-published by Parfrey's Amok Press and Loompanics Unlimited in 1989. The original co-editor was Hakim Bey, another anarchist, who left the project.

Following a prelude and a foreword from Parfrey and Black, respectively, the book is a collection of 56 rants from a variety of sources, arranged in chronological order from 1558 to 1988. The rants are either full texts or excerpts. Writers of the rants range from left-wing and anarchist activists to far-right writers, dictators, attempted murderers and murderers. The book received praise from reviewers, particularly for the perceived entertainment value and the diversity of ideologies. Several noted some content as offensive or immoral.
Florin
The Florentine florin was a gold coin (in Italian Fiorino d'oro) struck from 1252 to 1533 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard during that time.

It had 54 grains (3.499 grams, 0.1125 troy ounces) of nominally pure or 'fine' gold with a purchasing power difficult to estimate (and variable) but ranging according to social grouping and perspective from approximately 140 to 1,000 modern US dollars. The name of the coin comes from the Giglio bottonato (it), the floral emblem of the city, which is represented at the head of the coin.

Hungarian forint
The forint (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈforint] ⓘ, sign Ft; code HUF) is the currency of Hungary. It was formerly divided into 100 fillér, but fillér coins are no longer in circulation. The introduction of the forint on 1 August 1946 was a crucial step in the post-World War II stabilisation of the Hungarian economy, and the currency remained relatively stable until the 1980s. Transition to a market economy in the early 1990s adversely affected the value of the forint; inflation peaked at 35% in 1991. Between 2001 and 2022, inflation was in single digits, and the forint has been declared fully convertible. In May 2022, inflation reached 10.7% amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine and economic uncertainty. As a member of the European Union, the long-term aim of the Hungarian government may be to replace the forint with the euro, although under the current government there is no target date for adopting the euro.
Admiral Kingsmill (1798 ship)
Admiral Kingsmill was launched in Spain in 1786 under another name, and was repaired in 1795 and 1798. She first appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1798 with J. Burke, master, Callahan, owner, and trade Cork—Martinique. Admiral Kingsmill, Burk, master, was sailing from Jamaica to London when the French privateer Courageaux captured her in April 1799.

Courageaux also captured three other vessels that month: Recovery, Mary, and Fanny. Courageaux sent her prizes into Passages; the captains were returned to Poole. The French papers reported that Mary and three other vessels from a convoy from the West Indies, prizes to Courageux, had arrived in France on 17 April.

Courageaux (1798 ship)
Courageaux was commissioned in Bordeaux in 1798. She made two cruises as a privateer before HMS Alcmene captured her in 1799. The British Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Lutine. She had a brief operational life in the Royal Navy, serving primarily as a prison ship. At the end of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1802, the Royal Navy sold her in the Mediterranean.
Bishopsgarth
Bishopsgarth is a west Stockton area in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, England. It is part of Bishopsgarth and Elm Tree Ward, which had a population of 6,689 in the 2011 census. It is near Hardwick and Fairfield. The area has a shopping parade and the Outwood Academy Bishopsgarth.

Elm Tree Farm
Elm Tree Farm is a west Stockton area in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, northern England. Whitehouse Primary School is in the area. It is in the same ward as Bishopsgarth and is near Hardwick.
Family Trilogy
The Family Trilogy is a trio of plays by American playwright Sam Shepard. It includes Curse of the Starving Class (1976), Buried Child (1979), and True West (1980).

Journalist John O'Mahony called Shepard's trilogy "arguably his greatest achievement." Some critics consider the three plays part of a quintet which also includes Fool for Love (1983) and A Lie of the Mind (1985).

Buried Child
Buried Child is a play written by Sam Shepard that was first presented in 1978. It won the 1979 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and launched Shepard to national fame as a playwright. The play depicts the fragmentation of the American nuclear family in a context of disappointment and disillusionment with American mythology and the American Dream, the 1970s rural economic slowdown, and the breakdown of traditional family structures and values. In 1979, Shepard also won the Obie Award for Playwriting. The Broadway revival in 1996 received five Tony nominations, including Best Play.
Alive (1993 film)
Alive is a 1993 American survival drama film directed by Frank Marshall, and based on Piers Paul Read's 1974 book Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors. It is the second feature film about the Uruguayan rugby team whose plane crashed in the Andes mountains in 1972. Filmed in the Purcell Mountains in British Columbia, the film was written by John Patrick Shanley,  narrated by John Malkovich,  and stars Ethan Hawke, Josh Hamilton, Vincent Spano, Bruce Ramsay, John Haymes Newton, Illeana Douglas, and Danny Nucci. One of the survivors, Nando Parrado (portrayed by Hawke in the film), served as the technical advisor for the film.

Alive was released on January 15, 1993 by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution through the Touchstone Pictures label in the United States and Canada and by Paramount Pictures through United International Pictures in international markets. The film received mixed to positive reviews from critics and grossed $82.5 million on a $32 million budget.

Piers Paul Read
Piers Paul Read FRSL (born 7 March 1941) is a British novelist, historian and biographer. He was first noted in 1974 for a book of reportage, Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors, later adapted as a feature film and a documentary. Read was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he studied history.

Among his most popular works are the novels The Professor's Daughter, A Married Man, and A Season in the West. In addition to his written works, Read is also a dramatist and television scriptwriter. In recent years, he has produced a number of authorized biographies and popular history books which are intended for a general audience. Read has worked and lived in both the United Kingdom and the United States, where he published many of his recent works. Read was awarded the Sir Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize for The Junkers, the Hawthornden Prize and Somerset Maugham Award for Monk Dawson, the Thomas More Medal for Alive, and the Enid McLeod Award for The Free Frenchman.
Kanebogen
Kanebogen is a neighborhood within the town of Harstad which is located in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the city center. Kanebogen borders the neighborhoods of Gansås to the north, Stangnes to the northeast, Medkila to the south, and Grønnebakkan to the northwest.

Kanebogen School and the adjacent Kanebogen Stadion (stadium) are located in this area, as are Harstad Camping, Kanebogen Church, and the Kanebogen Senter (shopping center).

Kanebogen was the northernmost part of the old Sandtorg Municipality which was merged with Harstad Municipality in 1964.

Kanebogen Church
Kanebogen Church (Norwegian: Kanebogen kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the Kanebogen area of the town of Harstad on the island of Hinnøya. It is the church for the Kanebogen parish which is part of the Trondenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wood and concrete church was built in a rectangular style in 1999 using plans drawn up by the architects Ivar Tolo and Jim Myrstad. The church seats about 400 people.
Juklevatnet
Juklevatnet is a lake in Hemsedal Municipality (in Buskerud county) and Lærdal Municipality (in Vestland county), Norway. It is located 21 kilometres (13 mi) east of Borgund in Lærdal Municipality, just to the south of the mountain Høgeloft in the Filefjell range. The 3.07-square-kilometre (1.19 sq mi) lake sits at an elevation of 1,286 metres (4,219 ft) above sea level. It is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the lake Eldrevatnet and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of the lake Øljusjøane.

The lake is regulated by a hydroelectric dam which is part of a nearby power station. The water flows into the lake Vesle Juklevatnet, then the river Jukleåni, and then into the lake Eldrevatnet.

Hemsedal
Hemsedal is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.  It is part of the traditional region of Hallingdal.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Trøym.  Hemsedal lies on the Norwegian National Road 52 (Rv 52). Hemsedal Municipality is located 220 km (136.70 mi) northwest of Oslo and 273 km (169.63 mi) from Bergen. In 1897, Hemsedal was separated from Gol Municipality to become a municipality of its own.
1993 NHL entry draft
The 1993 NHL entry draft was the 31st NHL entry draft. It took place on June 26, 1993, at the Colisée de Québec in Quebec City, Quebec.

First overall pick Alexandre Daigle is widely regarded today as one of the all-time greatest draft busts in NHL history. Regarding his draft position, Daigle uttered the now infamous comment, "I'm glad I got drafted first, because no one remembers number two". Chris Pronger, selected after Daigle with pick two by the Hartford Whalers, was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2015.

The last active player in the NHL from the 1993 NHL entry draft was Kimmo Timonen, who retired after the 2014–15 season.

1993 NHL expansion draft
The 1993 NHL expansion draft was an expansion draft held by the National Hockey League (NHL) to fill the rosters of the league's two expansion teams for the 1993–94 season, the Florida Panthers and the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. The draft took place on June 24, 1993, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Sulpicius Florus
Sulpicius Florus was a 1st-century Briton who served as an auxiliary infantryman in the Roman Army. He was given Roman citizenship by the emperor Galba and adopted his benefactor's gentile name,  Sulpicius.  However, he took part in Otho's coup against Galba in 69, and was one of the murderers of Galba's heir, Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi Licinianus
Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi Licinianus (38–69) was a Roman nobleman who lived in the 1st century. His adoption by the Roman emperor Galba on 10 January 69 AD precipitated their joint murder by Otho, who had expected to be adopted instead. Otho then became the second emperor of the Year of the Four Emperors.
Antonio Rafael Barceló
Antonio Rafael Barceló y Martínez (April 15, 1868 – December 15, 1938) was a Puerto Rican lawyer, businessman and the patriarch of what was to become one of Puerto Rico's most prominent political families. Barceló, who in 1917 became the first President of the Senate of Puerto Rico, played an instrumental role in the introduction and passage of legislation which permitted the realization of the School of Tropical Medicine and the construction of a Capitol building in Puerto Rico.

School of Tropical Medicine (Puerto Rico)
The School of Tropical Medicine (Spanish: Escuela de Medicina Tropical), was an educational institution created in 1926 by an act of the Puerto Rican Legislature, to further the research initiated by the Anemia Commissions and the Institute of Tropical Medicine on anemia and its causes. The institution existed as an independent entity until 1949, when it was integrated into the School of Medicine of the University of Puerto Rico.
John Goode (Virginia politician)
John Goode Jr. (May 27, 1829 – July 14, 1909) was a Virginia attorney and Democratic politician. He served in both the United States Congress and the Confederate Congress, and was a colonel in the Confederate Army. He was Solicitor General of the United States during the presidency of Grover Cleveland. He was known as "the grand old man of Virginia".

Bedford, Virginia
Bedford is an incorporated town and former independent city located within Bedford County in the U.S. state of Virginia. It serves as the county seat of Bedford County. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,657. It is part of the Lynchburg metropolitan area.

Bedford County surrounds the town and has the Blue Ridge Mountains to the north, Smith Mountain Lake to the south, Lynchburg to the east, and Roanoke to the west.
St. Isidore, Alberta
St. Isidore is a hamlet in northwest Alberta, Canada within Northern Sunrise County. It is located approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of the Town of Peace River on Range Road 204 off Highway 688. St. Isidore is flanked by deep ravines cut by Pat's Creek to the north and Pat's Creek tributary to the south. The ravines are surrounded by pine forests.

In 2007, the St. Isidore Development Committee organized the St. Isidore Cultural Marketing Project that involved a lot reservation draw. There were eight applicants for the sixteen lots that were made available in the southeast end of the community.

Northern Sunrise County
Northern Sunrise County is a municipal district in northern Alberta, Canada. Located in Census Division 17, its municipal office is located east of the Town of Peace River at the intersection of Highway 2 and Highway 688.
Clostridioides difficile toxin B
Clostridioides difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a cytotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile. It is one of two major kinds of toxins produced by C. difficile, the other being a related enterotoxin (Toxin A). Both are very potent and lethal.

Clostridioides difficile toxin A
Clostridioides difficile toxin A (TcdA) is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile, formerly known as Clostridium difficile. It is similar to Clostridioides difficile Toxin B. The toxins are the main virulence factors produced by the gram positive, anaerobic, Clostridioides difficile bacteria. The toxins function by damaging the intestinal mucosa and cause the symptoms of C. difficile infection, including pseudomembranous colitis.

TcdA is one of the largest bacterial toxins known. With a molecular mass of 308 kDa, it is usually described as a potent enterotoxin, but it also has some activity as a cytotoxin. The toxin acts by modifying host cell GTPase proteins by glucosylation, leading to changes in cellular activities. Risk factors for C. difficile infection include antibiotic treatment, which can disrupt normal intestinal microbiota and lead to colonization of C. difficile bacteria.
Brussels tapestry
Brussels tapestry workshops produced tapestry from at least the 15th century, but the city's early production in the Late Gothic International style was eclipsed by the more prominent tapestry-weaving workshops based in Arras and Tournai. In 1477 Brussels, capital of the Duchy of Brabant, was inherited by the house of Habsburg; and in the same year Arras, the prominent center of tapestry-weaving in the Low Countries, was sacked and its tapestry manufacture never recovered, and Tournai and Brussels seem to have increased in importance.

The only millefleur tapestry to survive together with a record of its payment was a large heraldic millefleur carpet of very high quality made for Duke Charles the Bold of Burgundy in Brussels, of which part is now in the Bern Historical Museum.  Sophie Schneebalg-Perelman's attribution to Brussels of The Lady and the Unicorn at the Musée de Cluny may well be correct.

Leyniers family
The Leyniers family (/lɛnɪjɛ/) is a bourgeois family that appeared in Brussels in the 15th century and produced many high-level tapestry makers and dyers, experts in the art of dyeing in subtle shades the woolen threads destined for this trade.

Many members of this family also participated in the management of the city of Brussels and were part of the magistracy either in the Guilds or in the Seven Noble Houses.
Dean of Bradford
The Dean of Bradford is the head and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Bradford Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the Cathedral Church of St Peter in Bradford. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is one of three co-equal mother churches of the Diocese of Leeds and a seat of the Bishop of Leeds; until 2014 it was the mother church of the now-defunct Diocese of Bradford and as such the seat of the diocesan Bishop of Bradford.

Bradford Cathedral
Bradford Cathedral, or the Cathedral Church of St Peter, is an Anglican cathedral in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, one of three co-equal cathedrals in the Diocese of Leeds alongside Ripon and Wakefield. Its site has been used for Christian worship since the 7th century, when missionaries based in Dewsbury evangelised the area. For many centuries it was the parish church of St Peter and achieved cathedral status in 1919. The cathedral is a Grade I listed building.
Listed buildings in Elland
Elland is a town and an unparished area in the metropolitan borough of Calderdale, West Yorkshire, England.  Elland ward contains 47 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, two are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The ward contains the town of Elland, the hamlet of Blackley, and the surrounding area. The Calder and Hebble Navigation passes through the area, and the listed buildings associated with this are locks, a bridge, a milepost, a lock keeper's house, a warehouse, and an office. The other listed buildings include houses and cottages, churches and associated structures, public houses, a barn, a set of stocks, a mill warehouse, four milestones, a former town hall, a former bank, a war memorial, and two telephone kiosks.

Elland
Elland is a market town in Calderdale, in the county of West Yorkshire, England. It is situated south of Halifax, by the River Calder and the Calder and Hebble Navigation. Elland was recorded as Elant in the Domesday Book of 1086. It had a population of 14,554 at the 2001 Census, with the ward being measured at 11,676 in the 2011 Census.
Beppu University
Beppu University (別府大学, Beppu daigaku) is a private university in Ōita Prefecture, Japan. It has campuses at the cities of Beppu and Ōita.
The predecessor of the school was founded in 1908, and it was chartered as a university in 1954.

Beppu
Beppu (別府市, Beppu-shi) is a city in Ōita Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of November 30, 2023, the city had a population of 113,045 in 62,702 households, and a population density of 900 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 125.34 km2 (48.39 sq mi). Beppu is famous for its hot springs. In 2024, Beppu celebrated its centenary as a city.
Bradenton, Florida
Bradenton (/ˈbreɪdəntən/ ⓘ BRAY-dən-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Manatee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 55,698 at the 2020 census. It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Downtown Bradenton is along the Manatee River and includes the Bradenton Riverwalk and Bishop Museum of Science and Nature. To the south of Bradenton is Sarasota; beach communities on Anna Maria Island are to its west, and the Manatee River and Palmetto are to its north.

Manatee County Courthouse
The Manatee County Courthouse, built in 1913, is a historic courthouse building located at 1115 Manatee Avenue, West, in Bradenton, Florida. On June 11, 1998, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Old Oswestry
Old Oswestry (Welsh: Hen Ddinas) is a large early Iron Age hill fort in the Welsh Marches near Oswestry in north west Shropshire, England. The earthworks, which remain one of the best preserved hill forts in the UK, have been described as "The Stonehenge of the Iron Age Period". After the hill fort was abandoned, it was incorporated into Wat's Dyke by the Mercians during the Early Medieval period.

The hill fort was designated as a scheduled monument in 1934. The site is now managed by English Heritage. The accessible hill fort, at 160 metres (520 ft) ordnance datum, gives panoramic views across North and Mid Wales, Cheshire and Shropshire.

Oswestry
Oswestry (/ˈɒzwəstri/ OZ-wəss-tree; Welsh: Croesoswallt) is a market town, civil parish and historic railway town in Shropshire, England, close to the Welsh border. It is at the junction of the A5, A483 and A495 roads.

The town was the administrative headquarters of the Borough of Oswestry until that was abolished in 2009. At the 2021 Census, the population of Oswestry was 17,509. The town is five miles (8.0 km) from the Welsh border and has a mixed English and Welsh heritage.

Oswestry is the largest settlement within the Oswestry Uplands, a designated natural area and national character area.
Nijō Narinobu
Nijō Narinobu (二条 斉信; April 10, 1788 – June 9, 1847), son of Nijō Harutaka, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Edo period (1603–1868). He married a Tokugawa Juko (1796-1844), daughter of the seventh head of Mito Domain Tokugawa Harutoshi. The couple had son Nijō Nariyuki, among others.

Nijō Nariyuki
Nijō Nariyuki (二条 斉敬; November 1, 1816 – December 5, 1878) was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the late Edo period and the early Meiji period. He was the last kampaku regent in Japanese history and the last sesshō as a subject. He was the 26th head of the Nijō family.
Alexander Bogomazov
Alexander Konstantinovich Bogomazov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Константи́нович Богома́зов) or Oleksandr Kostiantynovych Bohomazov (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Костянти́нович Богома́зов; March 26, 1880 – June 3, 1930) was a Ukrainian painter, cubo-futurist, modern art theoretician and is recognised as one of the key figures of the Ukrainian avant-garde scene. In 1914, Oleksandr wrote his treatise The Art of Painting and the Elements. In it he analyzed the interaction between Object, Artist, Picture, and Spectator and sets the theoretical foundation of modern art. During his artistic life Oleksandr Bohomazov mastered several art styles. The most known are Cubo-Futurism (1913–1917) and Spectralism (1920–1930).

National Art Museum of Ukraine
The National Art Museum of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національний художній музей України [nɐts⁽ʲ⁾ioˈnɑlʲnɪj xʊˈdɔʒn⁽ʲ⁾ij mʊˈzɛj ʊkrɐˈjinɪ], romanized: Natsionalnyi khudozhnii muzei Ukrainy, stylized NAMU) is a museum dedicated to Ukrainian art in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Buja
Buja (Friulian: Buje or Buie) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Udine.

Buja borders the following municipalities: Artegna, Colloredo di Monte Albano, Gemona del Friuli, Majano, Osoppo, Treppo Grande.

Majano
Majano (Friulian: Maian) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Udine.

Majano borders the following municipalities: Buja, Colloredo di Monte Albano, Forgaria nel Friuli, Osoppo, Rive d'Arcano, San Daniele del Friuli.