hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Factory
The Factory was pop artist Andy Warhol's New York City studio and the center of his artistic, social, and filmmaking activities from 1964 to 1987. Originally located at 231 East 47th Street before moving to two later sites, the Factory became known for its distinctive blend of art production, experimental film, fashion, music, and countercultural nightlife. It served as a gathering place for a wide circle of artists, musicians, writers, socialites, and underground personalities—collectively known as Warhol superstars—who contributed to the studio’s reputation as one of the most influential creative hubs of its era. The Factory played a key role in the development of Warhol's Pop art, his film projects, and his exploration of celebrity culture, helping shape the landscape of American avant-garde art in the 1960s and 1970s.

Candy Darling
Candy Darling (November 24, 1944 – March 21, 1974) was an American actress. Best known as a Warhol superstar, she was a pioneer for transgender visibility.

Darling rose to fame in New York City's underground film scene for her performances in the Andy Warhol-produced films Flesh (1968) and Women in Revolt (1971). She was photographed by Cecil Beaton and Richard Avedon, and starred in Tennessee Williams' play, Small Craft Warnings (1972). Darling was celebrated for her glamorous, Old Hollywood-inspired persona and candid wit, and became a muse to rock and roll musicians of the era, including the Rolling Stones and Lou Reed, who referenced her in his songs. She died from lymphoma at the age of 29 in 1974.
Mortgage underwriting
Mortgage underwriting is the process a lender uses to determine if the risk (especially the risk that the borrower will default
) of offering a mortgage loan to a particular borrower is acceptable and is a part of the larger mortgage origination process.  Most of the risks and terms that underwriters consider fall under the five C’s of underwriting: credit, capacity, cashflow, collateral, and character. (This is also known in the UK as the three canons of credit - capacity, collateral, and character.)

To help the underwriter assess the quality of the loan, banks and lenders create guidelines and even computer models that analyze the various aspects of the mortgage and provide recommendations regarding the risks involved.  However, it is always up to the underwriter to make the final decision on whether to approve or decline a loan.

Underwriting
Underwriting (UW) services are provided by some large financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies and investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial loss and accept the financial risk for liability arising from such guarantee. An underwriting arrangement may be created in a number of situations including insurance, issues of security in a public offering, and bank lending, among others. The person or institution that agrees to sell a minimum number of securities of the company for commission is called the underwriter.
Mikoyan MiG-31
The Mikoyan MiG-31 (Russian: Микоян МиГ-31; NATO reporting name: Foxhound) is a supersonic interceptor aircraft developed for the Soviet Air Forces by the Mikoyan design bureau as a replacement for the MiG-25 "Foxbat", on which it is based and shares design elements.

The MiG-31 is the fastest known operational combat aircraft, with a top speed around 3,000 km/h (1,600 knots). It continues to be operated by the Russian Aerospace Forces following the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The other operator, the Kazakh Air Defence Forces, retired the type in 2023. The Russian Defence Ministry expects the MiG-31 to remain in service until at least 2030; that was confirmed in 2020 when an announcement was made to extend the service lifetime of the existing airframes from 2,500 to 3,500 hours. The MiG-31K variant carries the Kh-47M2 Kinzhal conventional or nuclear warhead-capable air-launched ballistic missile.

Soloviev D-30
The Soloviev D-30 (now the Aviadvigatel PS-30) is a Soviet two-shaft low-bypass turbofan engine, officially referred to as a "bypass turbojet". It is one of the most powerful turbofan engines developed in the Soviet Union. Development of the turbofan spurred numerous growth versions with increased fan diameter and modified component arrangements. Developed in a short period of time (about three years), the D-30 turned out to be one of the most reliable engines in the history of Soviet engine development, and it was recognized with the USSR State Prize.
Hefner lamp
The Hefner lamp, or in German Hefnerkerze,  is a flame lamp used in photometry that burns amyl acetate.

The lamp was invented by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck in 1884 and he proposed its use as a standard flame for photometric purposes with a luminous intensity unit of the Hefnerkerze (HK). The lamp was specified as having a 40 mm flame height and an 8 mm diameter wick.

The Hefner lamp provided the German, Austrian, and Scandinavian standard for luminosity during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The unit of light intensity was defined as that produced by the lamp burning amyl acetate with a 40 mm flame height. The light unit was adopted by the German gas industry in 1890 and known as the Hefnereinheit. In 1897 it was also adopted by the Association of German Electrical Engineers under the name Hefnerkerze (HK).

Germany moved to using the new candle (NC) from 1 July 1942 and the candela (cd) from 1948.

1 Hefnerkerze is about 0.920 candelas.

Luminous intensity
In photometry, luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle, based on the luminosity function, a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye. The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela (cd), an SI base unit.
St Vincent's Church, Caythorpe
St Vincent's Church is a Grade I listed Church of England parish church in Caythorpe, Lincolnshire, England. It is at the southern edge of the Lincoln Cliff in South Kesteven, and 10 miles (16 km) north from Grantham.

St Vincent's is only one of four churches in England dedicated to Vincent of Saragossa. The church is noted in particular for its double nave (one of only four existing in England), and monuments to Sir Charles and Sir Edward Hussey, and to the 18th-century astronomer Edmund Weaver.

The church is in the ecclesiastical parish of Caythorpe, and is one of the Caythorpe Group of churches in the Deanery of Loveden and the Diocese of Lincoln. Other churches within the group are St Nicholas' at Fulbeck, and St Nicholas' at Carlton Scroop with Normanton.

Caythorpe, Lincolnshire
Caythorpe is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at 2011 census was 1,374. It is situated on the A607, approximately 3 miles (5 km) south from Leadenham and 9 miles (14 km) north from Grantham. Caythorpe Heath stretches east of the village to Ermine Street and Byards Leap.
Giovannelli
Giovannelli is an Italian surname, derived from the given name Giovanni. Notable people with the surname include:

Benedetto Giovannelli (1602–1676), architect

Leonida Nikolai Giovannelli (1906–198?), Italian/Manx writer and cultural activist

Miriam Giovanelli (born 1989), Italian/Spanish actress and model

Paolo Giovannelli (born 1960), Italian football player

Riccardo Giovanelli (1946–2022), Italian astronomer

Ruggiero Giovannelli (c.1560–1625), Italian composer

Giovanni (name)
Giovanni is a male Italian given name (from Latin Ioannes). It is the Italian equivalent of the English name John. Giovanni is frequently contracted to Gianni, Gian, or Gio, particularly in the name Gianbattista, and can also be found as a surname. It is sometimes spelt as Geovanni, Giovonnie, Giovannie or Jiovanni; its female counterpart is Giovanna.
Ítalo Perea
Ítalo/Ytalo Perea Castillo (born June 10, 1993) is an Ecuadorian professional boxer. He sensationally won the 2011 Pan American Games Super Heavyweight title at the age of 18. He is a lefthander but fights from an orthodox stance behind a tight guard.

In 2009, he controversially lost the 81 kg final of the World Junior (f. Cadet) Championships in Armenia to Uzbek Kharzanov.

In 2010, he won the 81 kg PanAm Junior title.

In 2011, he moved up two classes to Super Heavy where he benefitted from the absence of Cuban top favorite Erislandy Savón and won the senior PanAm title by KOing Gerardo Bisbal and outpointing Juan Hiracheta.

In 2012, he knocked out Simon Kean and defeated Dominic Breazeale to qualify for the Olympics. In London he ran right into defending champion Roberto Cammarelle and lost 10:18.

Roberto Cammarelle
Roberto Cammarelle (born 30 July, 1980) is an Italian amateur boxer, best known for winning the World Amateur Boxing Championships in 2007 (Chicago) and 2009 (Milan) as a super heavyweight and a gold medal at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. He won a silver medal in 2012 London Olympic Games, losing to Anthony Joshua.
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn
Queen Elizabeth Hospital is a district general hospital situated on the eastern outskirts of  King's Lynn, Norfolk, England. It serves a broad catchment area spanning West Norfolk, parts of Breckland District, South Holland District in Lincolnshire, and the northern section of Fenland District in Cambridgeshire—covering approximately 1,500 square kilometres and serving a population of around 250,000. The hospital is operated by the Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust. It is named in honour of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, not Queen Elizabeth II.

King's Lynn
King's Lynn, known until 1537 as Bishop's Lynn and colloquially as Lynn, is a port and market town in the borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 36 miles (58 km) north-east of Peterborough, 44 miles (71 km) north-north-east of Cambridge, 44 miles (71 km) west of Norwich, and about 5 miles (8 km) inland from The Wash estuary.
Mark Trombino
Mark Trombino (born May 23, 1966) is an American record producer, musician, and audio engineer. He has produced, engineered, and mixed tracks for many artists including Jimmy Eat World, Blink-182, The Starting Line, Finch, Motion City Soundtrack, and All Time Low. As a drummer, he recorded and toured with Drive Like Jehu, aMiniature, Night Soil Man, and First Offense.

Since 2013 Trombino has been active in the boutique food space, running a donut shop called "Donut Friend" in the Highland Park neighborhood of Los Angeles. In 2019 a second location was opened in downtown Los Angeles. In January 2021, Trombino came under fire after an anonymous Twitter account claimed he terminated several employees for attempting to organize for better working conditions and form a union.

Jimmy Eat World
Jimmy Eat World is an American rock band formed in Mesa, Arizona, in 1993. The band is composed of vocalist and lead guitarist Jim Adkins, rhythm guitarist and backing vocalist Tom Linton, bassist Rick Burch, and drummer Zach Lind. They have released ten studio albums, all but the first featuring the current line-up.

The four-piece's commercial breakthrough came with the release of several singles from their album Bleed American (2001), four of which charted within the top 20 positions of the Alternative Songs chart, with "The Middle" reaching No. 1. Their follow-up album, Futures (2004), featured their No. 1 song "Pain".

The RIAA certified Bleed American platinum and Futures gold, rewarding the two albums for selling over 1.5 million records between them. The band's sixth LP, Chase This Light (2007), became their highest-charting album and peaked at No. 5 on the Billboard 200. The band released their tenth album, Surviving, in October 2019.
Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: [sanˈdɔmjɛʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Sandomiria, Yiddish: צויזמר, צוזמיר, romanized: Tsouzmer, Tsoyzmer) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River near its confluence with the San, in the Sandomierz Basin. It is the capital of Sandomierz County within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which the President of Poland declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017.

In the past, Sandomierz was one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and functioned as a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century.

Sandomierz County
Sandomierz County (Polish: powiat sandomierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sandomierz, which lies 83 kilometres (52 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Koprzywnica, lying 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Sandomierz, and Zawichost, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Sandomierz.

The county covers an area of 675.89 square kilometres (261.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 77,352, out of which the population of Sandomierz is 23,494, that of Koprzywnica is 2,470, that of Zawichost is 1,771, and the rural population is 49,617.
Supercupa României
The Supercupa României (English: Romanian Supercup) is a one-off football match in Romania that features the winners of the Liga I and the Cupa României. It is usually played at the Arena Națională in Bucharest.

The competition started off in 1994, with the first edition being won by Steaua București. In 2010, for the first time in its history, the Supercup was held even though CFR Cluj had been victorious in both the league and the cup in the previous season. At that time, they faced Unirea Urziceni, the Liga I runners-up.

The most successful performer so far is FCSB winning the competition 8 times.

1994 Supercupa României
The 1994 Supercupa României was the first edition of Romania's season opener cup competition. The match was played in Bucharest at Stadionul Național on 20 August 1994, and was contested between Divizia A title holders, Steaua București and Cupa României champions, Gloria Bistrița. Steaua București became the first winner of the trophy after a goal scored by Marian Popa in extra time.
Memorial Drive (Cambridge)
Memorial Drive, colloquially referred to as Mem Drive, is a 3.9-mile (6.3 km) parkway along the north bank of the Charles River in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

The parkway runs parallel to two major Boston parkways, Soldiers Field Road and Storrow Drive, which lie on the south bank of the river. The western terminus is in West Cambridge at Greenough Boulevard and Gerry's Landing Road, which connects it to Fresh Pond Parkway. The eastern terminus is at Main Street and the Longfellow Bridge near Kendall Square. Memorial Drive is designated as U.S. Route 3 for most of its length, except the easternmost 0.7 miles (1.1 km) which are designated as Massachusetts Route 3 (US 3 and Route 3 connect end-to-end and are treated as one continuous route by the state). Route 2 is cosigned with US 3 on Memorial Drive between the western terminus and the Boston University Bridge.

Department of Conservation and Recreation
The Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR) is a state agency of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States, situated in the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs. It is best known for its parks and parkways. The DCR's mission is "To protect, promote and enhance our common wealth of natural, cultural and recreational resources for the well-being of all."  The agency is the largest landowner in Massachusetts.
Illasi
Illasi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 5,112 and an area of 25.0 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi).

The municipality of Illasi contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Cellore and Donzellino.

Illasi borders the following municipalities: Cazzano di Tramigna, Colognola ai Colli, Lavagno, Mezzane di Sotto, and Tregnago.

Mezzane di Sotto
Mezzane di Sotto is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northeast of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,949 and an area of 19.6 square kilometres (7.6 sq mi).

Mezzane di Sotto borders the following municipalities: Illasi, Lavagno, San Martino Buon Albergo, Tregnago, and Verona.
Mechoopda
The Mechoopda are a tribe of Maidu people, an Indigenous people of California. They are enrolled in the Mechoopda Indian Tribe of Chico Rancheria, a federally recognized tribe. Historically, the tribe has spoken Konkow, a language related to the Maidu language, and as of 2010, has created digital learning materials from old recordings of Emma Cooper, made during the 1940s as a part of the war effort.

The tribe was formerly centered in a village located about 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) south of contemporary Chico, California. The Tribe was terminated in 1967, losing its 26-acre Chico Rancheria. Today, approximately one-half of the old Chico Rancheria is now owned by California State University, Chico (CSUC). The 11-acre university-owned portion of the former reservation is used by CSUC's agriculture, anthropology, and archaeology students.

The Mechoopda regained federal recognition in 1992.

Chico, California
Chico (/ˈtʃiːkoʊ/ CHEE-koh; Spanish for "boy") is the most populous city in Butte County, California, United States. Located in the Sacramento Valley region of Northern California, the city had a population of 101,475 in the 2020 census, an increase from 86,187 in the 2010 census. Chico is the cultural and economic center of the northern Sacramento Valley, as well as the most populous city in California north of the capital city of Sacramento. The city is known as a college town, as the home of California State University, Chico, and for Bidwell Park, one of the largest urban parks in the world.
Taylor–Goldstein equation
The Taylor–Goldstein equation is an ordinary differential equation used in the fields of geophysical fluid dynamics, and more generally in fluid dynamics, in presence of quasi-2D flows. It describes the dynamics of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, subject to buoyancy forces (e.g. gravity), for stably stratified fluids in the dissipation-less limit. Or, more generally, the dynamics of internal waves in the presence of a (continuous) density stratification and shear flow. The Taylor–Goldstein equation is derived from the 2D Euler equations, using the Boussinesq approximation.

The equation is named after G.I. Taylor and S. Goldstein, who derived the equation independently from each other in 1931. The third independent derivation, also in 1931, was made by B. Haurwitz.

Kelvin–Helmholtz instability
The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (after Lord Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz) is a fluid instability that occurs when there is velocity shear in a single continuous fluid or a velocity difference across the interface between two fluids. Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities are visible in the atmospheres of planets and moons, such as in cloud formations on Earth or the Red Spot on Jupiter, and the atmosphere of the Sun.
Northern Herald
The Northern Herald was a weekly newspaper published in Cairns, Queensland between 1913 and 1939. It was published Fridays.

The paper was published by the Cairns Post from 11 April 1913 to 30 December 1939.  It was distributed from the Cairns region all the way up the Cape York Peninsula. After the Cairns Post took over the Cairns Daily Times in December 1935 the Herald incorporated the Daily Times. In December 1939 the publication of the Northern Herald ceased after a run of 1346 editions.

The Cairns Post
The Cairns Post is a major News Corporation newspaper in Far North Queensland, Australia, that exclusively serves the Cairns area. It has daily coverage on local, state, national and world news, plus a wide range of sections and liftouts covering health, beauty, cars and lifestyle. The Cairns Post is published every weekday and a weekend edition which is called The Weekend Post is published on Saturdays.

It is the oldest business in Cairns and has been operating continuously for more than a century.
Mott the Hoople
Mott the Hoople were  an English rock band formed in Hereford, Herefordshire in 1966. Originally named the Doc Thomas Group, the band changed their name after signing with Island Records in 1969. The band released albums at the beginning of the 1970s but failed to find any success. On the verge of breaking up, the band were encouraged by David Bowie to stay together. Bowie wrote their glam-style signature song "All the Young Dudes" for them, which became their first hit in 1972. Bowie subsequently produced their album of the same name, which added to their success.

Despite membership changes, the band experienced further commercial success with the albums Mott (1973) and The Hoople (1974). Lead singer Ian Hunter departed the band in 1974, after which the band's commercial fortunes began to diminish. They remained together with continuing membership changes until their break-up in 1980. The band have had reunions in 2009, 2013, 2018 and 2019.

Dale Griffin
Terence Dale "Buffin" Griffin (24 October 1948 – 17 January 2016) was an English drummer and a founding member of 1970s rock band Mott the Hoople. Later, he worked as a producer, and produced many of the BBC Radio 1 John Peel sessions from 1981 to 1994.
Selaginella selaginoides
Selaginella selaginoides is a non-flowering plant of the spikemoss genus Selaginella with a wide distribution around the Northern Hemisphere. It resembles a moss in appearance but is a vascular plant belonging to the division Lycopodiophyta. It has a number of common names including  lesser clubmoss, club spikemoss, northern spikemoss, low spikemoss and prickly mountain-moss. This plant has one close relative, Selaginella deflexa, native to Hawaii.  These two plants form a small clade that is sister to all other Selaginella species.

Selaginella deflexa
Selaginella deflexa,  commonly known as deflexed spikemoss, is a non-flowering species of plant in the spikemoss genus Selaginella and is in the subgenus of the same name. It is closely related to Selaginella selaginoides which is the only other member in its subgenus. This subgenus is unique in that it lacks the rhizophores typically seen along the stems of other Selaginella species. It is endemic to Hawaii and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. This plant gets its name from its reflexed leaves which point outwards.
Lifan Group
Lifan Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (Lifan Group or Lifan, Chinese: 力帆, lit. 'Power Sail') is a civilian owned Chinese motorcycle and automobile manufacturer headquartered in Chongqing, China. It was founded in 1992 and began to manufacture automobiles in 2005, with license-built microvans and a small sedan developed by Lifan.

Lifan's vehicle products include passenger cars, microvans, dirt bike engines, entry-level motorcycles, mini-vehicles, and commercial trucks. The company's non-vehicle-related activities include the manufacture of sports shoes and winemaking. Outside of China, Lifan is currently best known for the sale of small passenger cars in emerging markets.

Lifan 320
The Lifan 320 is a supermini made by Lifan Group. Sales began in 2009, and a facelift was conducted in 2013. A more upmarket variant called the Lifan 330 was also available from 2013. The Lifan 320 was also produced and sold in foreign markets and was sold in Russia as the Lifan Smily.