hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geometric quantization
In mathematical physics, geometric quantization is a mathematical approach to defining a quantum theory corresponding to a given classical theory. It attempts to carry out quantization, for which there is in general no exact recipe, in such a way that certain analogies between the classical theory and the quantum theory remain manifest. For example, the similarity between the Heisenberg equation in the Heisenberg picture of quantum mechanics and the Hamilton equation in classical physics should be built in.

Orbit method
In mathematics, the orbit method (also known as the Kirillov theory, the method of coadjoint orbits and by a few similar names) establishes a correspondence between irreducible unitary representations of a Lie group and its coadjoint orbits: orbits of the action of the group on the dual space of its Lie algebra. The theory was introduced by Kirillov (1961, 1962) for nilpotent groups and later extended by Bertram Kostant, Louis Auslander, Lajos Pukánszky and others to the case of solvable groups. Roger Howe found a version of the orbit method that applies to p-adic Lie groups.
David Vogan proposed that the orbit method should serve as a unifying principle in the description of the unitary duals of real reductive Lie groups.
Dibharna
Dibharna is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of Western Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census, the town had a population of 4,490 living in 841 houses. At  the 2001 Nepal census, the population was 6,990, of which 56% was literate.

Khanchikot
Khanchikot is a market center in Sandhikharka Municipality of Arghakhanchi District. The district lies in the Lumbini Zone of Western Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Bangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Keemadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs. At the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,628 individuals and had 930 houses.
LETTERS
LETTERS is an epistolary novel by the American writer John Barth, published in 1979. It consists of a series of letters in which Barth and the characters of his other books interact.

In addition to the Author and Germaine Pitt (or 'Lady Amherst', unrelated to any of Barth's previous novels), the correspondents are Todd Andrews (from The Floating Opera), Jacob Horner (from The End of the Road), A.B. Cook (a descendant of Burlingame in The Sot-Weed Factor), Jerome Bray (associated with Giles Goat-Boy and Chimera) and Ambrose Mensch (from Lost in the Funhouse).

The book is subtitled "An old time epistolary novel by seven fictitious drolls & dreamers each of which imagines himself factual."  The structure is such that when the first character of each of the letters in the book are placed on a calendar according to their dates, and the individual months are turned sideways, they spell out the subtitle.  In addition, the marked dates spell out the word "LETTERS."

The Floating Opera
The Floating Opera is a novel by American writer John Barth, first published in 1956 and significantly revised in 1967.  Barth's first published work, the existentialist and nihilist story is a first-person account of a day when protagonist Todd Andrews contemplates suicide.

Critics and Barth himself often pair The Floating Opera with Barth's next novel, The End of the Road (1958); both were written in 1955, and they are available together in a one-volume edition.  Both are philosophical novels; The End of the Road continues with the conclusions made about absolute values by the protagonist of The Floating Opera, and takes these ideas "to the end of the road".  Barth wrote both novels in a realistic mode, in contrast to Barth's better-known metafictional, fabulist, and postmodern works from the 1960s and later, such as Lost in the Funhouse (1968) and LETTERS (1979).
National Research Council Canada
The National Research Council Canada (NRC; French: Conseil national de recherches Canada) is the primary national agency of the Government of Canada dedicated to science and technology research and development. It is the largest federal research and development organization in Canada.

The Minister of Industry is responsible for the NRC.

Communications Security Establishment
The Communications Security Establishment (CSE; French: Centre de la sécurité des télécommunications, CST) is Canada's national cryptologic intelligence and security agency. It is responsible for foreign signals intelligence, conducting cyber operations, cyber security and information assurance, and providing technical and operational assistance to the military, federal law enforcement, and other security agencies.

CSE is a standalone agency under the National Defence portfolio. The current head of CSE, the Chief, is Caroline Xavier, who assumed the office on 31 August 2022. The Chief is accountable to the Minister of National Defence. The National Defence Minister is in turn accountable to the Cabinet and Parliament.
LeFlore County, Oklahoma
LeFlore County is a county along the eastern border of the U.S state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, its population was 48,129. Its county seat is Poteau. The county honors a Choctaw family named LeFlore. The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Oklahoma is the federal district court with jurisdiction in LeFlore County.

Moshulatubbee District
Moshulatubbee District was one of three provinces, or districts, comprising the former Choctaw Nation in the Indian Territory.  Also called the First District, it encompassed the northern one-third of the nation. In some historic records it is spelled Mushulatubbe.

The Moshulatubbee District was named in honor of Chief Moshulatubbee, a Choctaw Indian warrior and statesman. Moshulatubbee was chief of the Okla Tannap ("Lower Towns") District in the original Choctaw Nation of the Southeast. Many Choctaw from that period referred to the Moshulatubbee District as the Okla Tannap District. The other two districts were known as Apukshunnubbee and Pushmataha, also named after important leaders.
Biographical evaluation
Biographical evaluation (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال, romanized: ʿilm ar-rijāl; literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men', but more commonly understood as the Science of Narrators) refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to establish the credibility of the narrators, using both historic and religious knowledge, in order to distinguish authentic and reliable hadiths from unreliable hadiths. ʿIlm ar-rijāl is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl (discrediting and accrediting) – the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani ( full name: Abu al Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad al Kinani). (Arabic: ابن حجر العسقلاني; 18 February 1372 – 2 February 1449),  or simply ibn Ḥajar, was a classic Islamic scholar "whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science of hadith." He authored some 150 works on hadith, history, biography, exegesis, poetry, and the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, the most valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari, titled Fath al-Bari. He is known by the honorific epithets Hafiz al-Asr "Hafiz of the Time", Shaykh al-Islam "Shaykh of Islam", and Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith "Commander of the Faithful in Hadith".

He was regarded as the foremost scholar of the fifteenth century across all fields of Islamic law.
Williamson Museum
The Williamson Museum is a local museum established in 1997 focused on the culture and heritage of Williamson County, Texas. The museum is located at 716 S. Austin Ave on the historic square in Georgetown, Texas, in the former Farmers State Bank building. The museum organization is incorporated as a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation.

Farmers State Bank (Georgetown, Texas)
Farmers State Bank is an historic limestone building located at 716 South Austin Avenue in Georgetown, Texas, United States. Once housing a Farmers State Bank, the building received Texas Historical Marker status in 2006, and currently houses the Williamson Museum. It is part of the Williamson County Courthouse Historic District.
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG) was an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) that was part of ABC-Clio. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints, including GPG, are collectively imprints of British publishing house Bloomsbury Publishing. The Greenwood name stopped being used for new books in 2023.

Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc., and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG published reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint; and scholarly, professional, and general-interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (/ˈpreɪɡər/). Also part of GPG was Libraries Unlimited, which published professional works for librarians and teachers. Both of the latter became stand-alone imprints of ABC-Clio, in 2008–2009, after its purchase of GPG.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Lysergic acid propylamide
Lysergic acid propylamide (LAP), also known as N-propyllysergamide (NP-LA), is a serotonin receptor modulator of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is the analogue of LSD in which the N,N-diethyl groups have been replaced with an N-propyl group and is also the N-propyl derivative of ergine (lysergic acid amide; LSA).

LAE-32
Lysergic acid ethylamide (LAE-32 or LAE) is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide family related to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is reported to have some LSD-like effects but is weaker and shorter lasting, with an active dose reported to be between 0.5 and 1.4 mg.

It was studied by the CIA as part of Project MKULTRA. Documents published by the CIA under the Freedom of Information Act suggest it causes "a schizophrenia-like condition" but it allows people with schizophrenia to remain indifferent to their disorder. The drug has also been studied in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy.

LAE-32 was first described in the scientific literature by Albert Hofmann and colleagues by 1955. It is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.
Allande
Allande (Asturian and Galician-Asturian: Ayande) is a municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. Its capital is Pola de Allande.

The municipality is bordered on the north by Villayón, on the south by Cangas del Narcea and Ibias, to the east by Tineo and to the west by Pesoz, Grandas de Salime and Negueira de Muñiz (in the province of Lugo, Galicia).

The majority of the territory of the municipality is a National Monument. Among its forest riches are thousand-year-old yews in the parishes of Santa Colma and Lago, and the cork forest of Boxu.

Pesoz
Pesoz (Eonavian: Pezós) is a municipality and the only parish in that municipality in the Autonomous Community of the Principality of Asturias, Spain. It is one of the least populated municipalities in Asturias. It is bordered on the north by Illano, on the south by Grandas de Salime, on the east by Allande and on the west by San Martín de Oscos.

The municipality consists of only one parish, Pesoz.
Jimmy Giuffre
James Peter Giuffre (/ˈdʒuːfri/, Italian pronunciation: [dʒufˈfre]; April 26, 1921 – April 24, 2008) was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, composer, and arranger. He is known for developing forms of jazz which allowed for free interplay between the musicians, anticipating forms of free improvisation.

Shelly Manne
Sheldon "Shelly" Manne (June 11, 1920 – September 26, 1984) was an American jazz drummer. Most frequently associated with West Coast jazz, he was known for his versatility and also played in a number of other styles, including Dixieland, swing, bebop, avant-garde jazz, and later fusion. He also contributed to the musical background of hundreds of Hollywood films and television programs.
EF Hutton
EF Hutton was an American stock brokerage firm founded in 1904 by Edward Francis Hutton and his brother, Franklyn Laws Hutton. Later, it was led by well-known Wall Street trader Gerald M. Loeb. Under their leadership, EF Hutton became the second largest brokerage firm in the United States.

Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
Morgan Stanley Wealth Management is an American multinational financial services corporation specializing in retail brokerage. It is the wealth & asset management division of Morgan Stanley.
On January 13, 2009, Morgan Stanley and Citigroup announced that Citigroup would sell 51% of Smith Barney to Morgan Stanley, creating Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, which was formerly a division of Citi Global Wealth Management. The combined brokerage house has 17,646 financial advisors and manages $2 trillion in client assets. Clients range from individual investors to small- and mid-sized businesses, as well as large corporations, non-profit organizations and family foundations.

On September 25, 2012, Morgan Stanley announced that its U.S. wealth management business was renamed "Morgan Stanley Wealth Management". The broker-dealer designation for Morgan Stanley Wealth Management will remain "Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC".
Fredrick Christian Sorensen House
The Fredrick Christian Sorensen House, on E. Center St. in Ephraim, Utah, was built in c.1870.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

It is an adobe one-and-a-half-story pair-house with its front facade including one window into each of its side rooms, and window-door-window into its center room.  The house is 42 feet (13 m) long.

Pair-house
A pair-house is a three-room house found in the US built in the 19th century by Scandinavian immigrants as an adaptation of common houses from their homeland. Commonly found in the US state of Utah, pair-houses are historically significant as being representative of ethnic diversity in an area and time that favored uniformity among followers of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). A number of pair-houses are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Bernart Marti
Bernart Marti was a troubadour, composing poems and satires in Occitan, in the mid-twelfth century. His works show that he was influenced by his contemporary Marcabru and that he knew Peire d'Alvernha, who, in one poem, he accused of abandoning holy orders. Along with Peire, Gavaudan, and Bernart de Venzac, he is sometimes placed in a hypothetical Marcabrunian school. His work is "enigmatic, ironic, and satiric," but has no following among later troubadours, according to Gaunt and Kay.

Gavaudan
Gavaudan (fl. c. 1195 – 1215, known in 1212–1213) was a troubadour and hired soldier (soudadier) at the courts of both Raymond V and Raymond VI of Toulouse and later on in Castile. He was from Gévaudan, as his name (probably a nickname) implies. He wrote moralising lyrics, either religious or political, and ten of his works survive, including five sirventes, two pastorelas, one canso, one planh for an anonymous domna (lady), and one Crusade song. He is sometimes clumped in a primitive Marcabrunian "school" of poetry alongside Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Peire d'Alvernhe. He developed a hermetic style, combining elements of the trobar ric and trobar clus.
Dévissage
In algebraic geometry, dévissage is a technique introduced by Alexander Grothendieck for proving statements about coherent sheaves on Noetherian schemes. Dévissage is an adaptation of a certain kind of Noetherian induction. It has many applications, including the proof of generic flatness and the proof that higher direct images of coherent sheaves under proper morphisms are coherent.

Laurent Gruson and Michel Raynaud extended this concept to the relative situation, that is, to the situation where the scheme under consideration is not necessarily noetherian, but instead admits a finitely presented morphism to another scheme. They did this by defining an object called a relative dévissage which is well-suited to certain kinds of inductive arguments. They used this technique to give a new criterion for a module to be flat. As a consequence, they were able to simplify and generalize the results of EGA IV 11 on descent of flatness.

The word dévissage is French for unscrewing.

Noetherian scheme
In algebraic geometry, a Noetherian scheme is a scheme that admits a finite covering by open affine subsets , where each  is a Noetherian ring. More generally, a scheme is locally Noetherian if it is covered by spectra of Noetherian rings. Thus, a scheme is Noetherian if and only if it is locally Noetherian and compact.  As with Noetherian rings, the concept is named after Emmy Noether.

It can be shown that, in a locally Noetherian scheme, if   is an open affine subset, then A is a Noetherian ring; in particular,  is a Noetherian scheme if and only if A is a Noetherian ring. For a locally Noetherian scheme X, the local rings  are also Noetherian rings.

A Noetherian scheme is a Noetherian topological space. But the converse is false in general; consider, for example, the spectrum of a non-Noetherian valuation ring.

The definitions extend to formal schemes.
Stargate LLC
Stargate Project, incorporated in Delaware as Stargate LLC, is an American multinational artificial intelligence (AI) joint venture created by OpenAI, SoftBank, Oracle, and investment firm MGX. The venture plans on investing up to US$500 billion in AI infrastructure in the United States by 2029. It has been planned since 2022 and was formally announced on January 21, 2025, by United States president Donald Trump. SoftBank's CEO Masayoshi Son is the venture's chairman.

Because of its large scale, the program has been compared to the Manhattan Project.

MGX Fund Management Limited
MGX Fund Management Limited (MGX) is an Emirati state-owned investment firm for artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Established by the government of Abu Dhabi in 2024, MGX aims to become a vehicle for AI-driven investments with a target of managing US$100 billion in assets.
Ayuda Suiza
The Comité Suizo de Ayuda a los niños de España ("Swiss Aid Committee for the Children of Spain"), better known as Ayuda Suiza ("Swiss Aid"), was a platform of Swiss non-governmental organizations, from diverse ideologies and tendencies, but working together to unify the Aid for children affected by the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). The original name of this platform was Schweizerisches Hilfskomitee für die Kinder Spaniens (SAS), in German, and Comité neutre de secours aux enfants d'Espagne, in French.

Service Civil International
Service Civil International (SCI) is an international peace organisation, founded by Swiss pacifist Pierre Cérésole in the aftermath of World War I to foster understanding and a culture of peace between people from different countries. Since 1920 SCI has organised international volunteering projects in the form of workcamps and has expanded to have branches in 40 countries, as well as partner organisations who help run the projects.
Hustad
Hustad is a village in Hustadvika Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It lies along the Hustadvika coastal area. The village of Hustad is located in the Nerland urban area which covers about 0.25 square kilometres (62 acres) and has a population (2013) of 249.

Hustad is a thriving village with food stores, a bank, parking facilities, and several other businesses. Hustad has the Stemshest mountains to the east and five lakes nearby are well-stocked with trout. There are also numerous hiking paths such as the famous Atlantic Ocean Road which is located just 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the northeast. Hustad Church is located in the village.

Hustad Church (Møre og Romsdal)
Hustad Church (Norwegian: Hustad kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Hustadvika Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hustad along the Hustadvika coast. It is the church for the Hustad parish which is part of the Molde domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1874 using plans drawn up by the architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 400 people.
Stephen Wildman
Stephen Wildman (born 1951) is Emeritus Professor of the History of Art at the University of Lancaster and formerly Director of the Ruskin Library and Research Centre.

Wildman was educated at Bedford Modern School, and Queens' College, Cambridge.  He was a Research Fellow and Director of Studies in History of Art at Queens' College, Cambridge (1976–79), Deputy Keeper of Fine Art at Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery (1980) and also its Curator of Prints and Drawings (1980–96).

He was Chairman of the Birmingham Branch of The Victorian Society between 1987 and 1990. He is also a Companion of the Guild of St George.

Wildman was an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Birmingham (1991–94), a visiting fellow at Yale University (1994) and has been a committee member of the Walpole Society since 1999.

Guild of St George
The Guild of St George is a charitable Education Trust, based in England but with a worldwide membership, which tries to uphold the values and put into practice the ideas of its founder, John Ruskin (1819–1900).
Southern Angami
Southern Angami or Japfüphiki  is a geo-cultural region located in the southern part of Kohima District in the state of Nagaland in India with a portion of its territory also lying across the inter-state border in the Senapati District of Manipur.

Kohima district
Kohima district (/koʊˈhiːmə/ ⓘ) is a district of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the home of the Angami Nagas. As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Nagaland (out of then-12, now 16),  with a population of 267,988, 45% of which resides in urban area. The district is home to 13.55% of Nagaland's entire population. The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Kohima, the capital city of Nagaland. Kohima District is also the seventh-largest district in Nagaland, with an area of 1,207 square kilometres (466 sq mi).
Mount Stakes
Mount Stakes is a mountain in the Diablo Range in California. The peak is located on the Santa Clara–Stanislaus county line and is located less than 1 mile north of Henry W. Coe State Park. It rises to an elevation of 3,810 feet (1,161 m) and is the highest point in Stanislaus County. It is 22 miles (35 km) west of Newman and 32 miles (51 km) southeast of Livermore. Some snow falls on the peak during the winter.

Diablo Range
The Diablo Range is a mountain range in the California Coast Ranges subdivision of the Pacific Coast Ranges in northern California, United States. It stretches from the eastern San Francisco Bay Area at its northern end to the Salinas Valley area at its southern end.