hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanford Court Hotel
The Stanford Court Hotel is a historic 393-room hotel located at 905 California Street on Nob Hill in San Francisco, California. The hotel sits at the intersection of California & Powell St, where the city's cable car lines also intersect.

California Street (San Francisco)
California Street is a major thoroughfare in San Francisco, California. It is one of the longest streets in San Francisco, and includes a number of important landmarks. It runs in an approximately straight 5.2 mi (8.4 km) east–west line from the Financial District to Lincoln Park on the West Side of the city.
Fram (play)
Fram (Norwegian for Forward) is a 2008 play by Tony Harrison. It uses the story of the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen's attempt to reach the North Pole, and his subsequent campaign to relieve famine in the Soviet Union to explore the role of art in a world beset by seemingly greater issues. It is named after Fram, the ship built for Nansen for his Arctic journey, and subsequently used by Roald Amundsen to reach the South Pole.

Fram received its premiere at the Olivier auditorium of the Royal National Theatre, London on 10 April 2008. The National Theatre's production was directed by Tony Harrison and Bob Crowley; its cast included Jasper Britton as Nansen, Mark Addy as Hjalmar Johansen, Sian Thomas as Sybil Thorndike and Jeff Rawle as Gilbert Murray.

Fram (ship)
Fram ('Forward') is a ship that was used in expeditions of the Arctic and Antarctic regions by the Norwegian explorers Fridtjof Nansen, Otto Sverdrup, Oscar Wisting, and Roald Amundsen between 1893 and 1912. It was designed and built by the Scottish-Norwegian shipwright Colin Archer for Fridtjof Nansen's 1893 Arctic expedition in which the plan was to freeze Fram  into the Arctic ice sheet and float with it over the North Pole.

Fram is preserved as a museum ship at the Fram Museum in Oslo, Norway.
Tamale, Ghana
Tamale (Dagbani: [ˈtamali]) is the capital city of the Northern Region of Ghana. It is Ghana's third largest city, with a population of 374,744 people (185,051 males and 189,693 females) as of 2021 population census).: 67  The city has been ranked as the fastest-growing city in West Africa. Tamale is located in the Kingdom of Dagbon, Ghana's oldest Kingdom. It is traditionally inhabited by Dagombas, and other current residents are Gonja, Mamprusi and Akan. As of 2025, the Mayor is Hon. Abu Takoro.

The city grew from a small village to an important economic center in the Northern Territories after the British government established administrative headquarters in the area. It became the capital of the Northern Region in 1960.: 1, 2, 15  The local economy is based on agriculture, followed by trading, teaching, and manufactures.: 42

Economic activities in Tamale revolve around farming and trading.

Northern Region (Ghana)
The Northern Region is one of the sixteen regions of Ghana. It is situated in the northern part of the country and ranks as the second largest of the sixteen regions. Before its division, it covered an area of 25,000 square kilometres, representing 10 percent of Ghana's area. In December 2018, the Savannah Region and North East Region were created from it.  The Northern Region is divided into 16 districts. The region's capital is Tamale,  Ghana's third-largest city.
Bonal, Karnataka
Bonal, is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Bonal is under Aldal gram panchayat, Shorapur Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka.  The village of Bonal is 6 km by road east-southeast of the village of Wagingera and 4 km by road west-northwest of the village of Chikanhalli.  The nearest railhead is in Yadgir.

The Bonal Bird Sanctuary is located about a kilometer north of the village.

Chikanhalli
Chikanhalli, is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Chikanhalli is under Kachaknoor gram panchayat, Shorapur Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka.  The village of Chikanhalli is 4 km by road east-southeast of the village of Bonal and 17 km by road northwest of the village of Hunasagi. The nearest railhead is in Yadgir.
Poggio Civitate
Poggio Civitate is a hill in the commune of Murlo, Siena, Italy and the location of an ancient settlement of the Etruscan civilization. It was discovered in 1920, and excavations began in 1966 and have uncovered substantial traces of activity in the Orientalizing and Archaic periods as well as some material from both earlier and later periods.

Murlo
Murlo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Florence and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Siena.

Murlo borders the following municipalities: Buonconvento, Civitella Paganico, Montalcino, Monteroni d'Arbia, Monticiano, Sovicille.
Slade's Ferry Bridge
The Slade's Ferry Bridge was a steel swing truss bridge that spanned the Taunton River between Somerset, Massachusetts and Fall River, Massachusetts. It was built in 1875 and removed in 1970. The bridge had two levels: an upper deck carrying the Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad, and a lower deck for road traffic. A swing section (replaced by a bascule after a ship strike in 1932) allowed river traffic to pass. The alignment of the bridge carried it from Remington Street in Fall River to the junction of Riverside Avenue, Brayton Avenue and Wilbur Avenue in Somerset.

Somerset, Massachusetts
Somerset is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 18,303 at the 2020 census. It is the birthplace and hometown of Clifford Milburn Holland (1883–1924), the chief engineer and namesake of the Holland Tunnel in New York City.

Somerset is a part of the South Coast region of Massachusetts which encompasses the communities that surround Buzzards Bay (excluding the Elizabeth Islands, Bourne and Falmouth), Mount Hope Bay and the Sakonnet River.
Web of Science
The Web of Science (WoS; previously known as Web of Knowledge) is a paid-access platform that provides (typically via the internet) access to multiple databases that provide reference and citation data from academic journals, conference proceedings, and other documents in various academic disciplines.

Until 1997, it was originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information. It is currently owned by Clarivate.

Web of Science currently contains 79 million records in the core collection and 171 million records on the platform.

Institute for Scientific Information
The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) was an academic publishing service, founded by Eugene Garfield in Philadelphia in 1956. ISI offered scientometric and bibliographic database services. Its specialty was citation indexing and analysis, a field pioneered by Garfield.
Baby Blake
The Baby Blake was a British cyclecar manufactured by E.G. Blake in Croydon, Surrey in 1922.

It was unusual in being powered by two separate stroke engines driving friction discs. A third disc running between these and moveable backwards and forwards gave an infinitely variable drive to the rear axle. They were advertised at £150 but few were sold.

Cyclecar
A cyclecar was a type of small, lightweight and inexpensive motorized car manufactured in Europe and the United States between 1910 and the early 1920s. The purpose of cyclecars was to fill a gap in the market between the motorcycle and the car. It could accommodate only two passengers, often sitting in tandem.

The demise of cyclecars was due to larger cars – such as the Citroën Type C, Austin 7 and Morris Cowley – becoming more affordable. Small, inexpensive vehicles reappeared after World War II, and were known as microcars.
Johann Jakob Humann
Johann Jakob Humann (7 May 1771, Strasbourg – 19 August 1834, Mainz) was a German Roman Catholic clergyman. From 1806, he was vicar general of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mainz and then Vicar Apostolic for the "redrawn" Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer from 1817 to 1821. He also served as Mainz's Vicar Apostolic from 1818 to 1830 and briefly as its bishop in 1834.

Diocese of Mainz
The Diocese of Mainz, (Latin: Diœcesis Moguntina, German: Bistum Mainz) historically known in English as Mentz as well as by its French name Mayence, is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. It was founded in 304, promoted in 780 to Metropolitan Archbishopric of Mainz and demoted back in 1802 to bishopric. The diocese is suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Freiburg. Its district is located in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse. The seat of the diocese is in Mainz at the Cathedral dedicated to Saints Martin and Stephen.
Rusticated concrete block
Rusticated concrete block is the handmade product of in-field advances in cement making. These concrete blocks first appeared in the late 19th century and are used mainly in residences and small building construction and are meant to resemble rusticated stone blocks. Rusticated concrete block involves a rough surface with a carved bevel detail around the edge of the face of the block. The rough texture of the face is created by running the concrete across a cast-iron face plate or by using a plaster mold taken from a cut stone block. This process of texturing concrete block was streamlined by an inventor named Harmon S. Palmer, who created a machine that combined the processes of texturing and forming the concrete blocks. Palmer's integration of the rusticated concrete block forming processes allowed for the material to gain national notoriety and led to its eventual inclusion in the Sears kit homes.

Concrete block
A concrete block, also known as a cinder block in North American English, breeze block in British English, or concrete masonry unit (CMU), or by various other terms, is a standard-size rectangular block used in building construction. The use of blockwork allows structures to be built in the traditional masonry style with layers (or courses) of staggered blocks.

Concrete blocks may be produced with hollow centers (cores) to reduce weight, improve insulation and provide an interconnected void into which concrete can be poured to solidify the entire wall after it is built.

Concrete blocks are some of the most versatile building products available because of the wide variety of appearances that can be achieved using them.
Hopwas
Hopwas is a village in Staffordshire, England. It lies along the North West borders of Tamworth Borough (along the River Tame to the east and Dunstall Lane to the south of Hopwas) and 5 miles (8 km) east of Lichfield. It is situated where the A51 road crosses both the River Tame and the Coventry Canal. Although adjacent to the Borough of Tamworth, the village is part of the parish of Wigginton and Hopwas within Lichfield District.

Wigginton and Hopwas
Wigginton and Hopwas is a civil parish in Lichfield District, Staffordshire, England. The villages of Wigginton and Hopwas, that make up the parish, lie 2 miles to the north and north-west, respectively, of Tamworth. They are separated by the River Tame, the Coventry Canal and the West Coast Main Line. The parish also includes the hamlet of Comberford.

The civil parish is based on the old ecclesiastical parish of Wigginton; Hopwas had been part of the parish of Tamworth. It contains several listed buildings, including churches at Wigginton and at Hopwas, farms and houses, and even a listed milepost in Hopwas.
Agaricostilbomycetes
The Agaricostilbomycetes are a class of fungi in the subdivision Pucciniomycotina of the Basidiomycota. The class consists of a single order, six families, and 15 genera. Its type genus, Agaricostilbum was originally placed in Ascomycota, and later, Agaricomycotina, before being placed in Pucinniomycotina.

Most species are known only from their yeast states. Where known, basidiocarps (fruitbodies) are typically small and stilboid (pin-shaped). They tend to by mycoparasitic (parasitise other fungi) or saprobic. Their spindle pole bodies (fungal organelles that are functionally equivalent to centrosomes) are multi-layered and disc-shaped. They can have phragmo- or holo-basidia and they have tremelloid haustoria. The septal pores, have microbodies, which may resemble Woronin bodies of the Ascomycota.

Pucciniomycotina
Pucciniomycotina is a subdivision of fungus within the division Basidiomycota. The group was known as Urediniomycetes until 2006, when it was elevated from a class to a subdivision and named after the largest order in the group, Pucciniales.

The subdivision contains 10 classes, 21 orders, and 38 families. Over 8400 species of Pucciniomycotina have been described; thus, the subdivision contains more than 8% of all described fungi.

Pucciniomycotina appears to be sister to Agaricomycotina, based on maximum-likelihood analysis of six genes.
Sete Fontes (Braga)
The Sete Fontes (literally 'Seven Springs') is part of a large water supply system built in mid-18th century, that supplied potable water to the northern Portuguese municipality of Braga, until the first half of the 20th century. In reality, there are only six springs from this network that still exist, following destruction of one in the early 1990s, to allow the construction of residential homes. The remaining sections of the Sete Fontes are identifiable for the springs that are housed within their respective Mãe de aguas ('mother of waters'), which are connected via aqueducts running along the surface or through tunnels, known as minas ('mines').

São Victor
São Victor (also São Vítor) is a Portuguese parish, located in the municipality of Braga. The population in 2011 was 29,642, in an area of 4.08 km2.

It is named after Saint Victor of Braga, an early Christian martyr who was put to death around AD 300.
Fragneto Monforte
Fragneto Monforte is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania.

Fragneto is a green mountainous area whose history dates back from 500 BC.
It is 10 km from Benevento, 65 km from Naples, and 200 km from Rome.

Fragneto Monforte borders the following municipalities: Benevento, Campolattaro, Casalduni, Fragneto l'Abate, Pesco Sannita, Ponte, Pontelandolfo, Torrecuso.

Torrecuso
Torrecuso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania, located about 50 km northeast of Naples and about 10 km northwest of Benevento.

Torrecuso borders the following municipalities: Benevento, Foglianise, Fragneto Monforte, Paupisi, Ponte, Vitulano.
Siyahrud Rural District (Tehran County)
Siyahrud Rural District (Persian: دهستان سياهرود) is in the Central District of Tehran County, Tehran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Tellow-e Bala. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Bumahen.

Tellow-e Bala
Tellow-e Bala (Persian: تلوبالا) is a village in, and the capital of, Siyahrud Rural District in the Central District of Tehran County, Tehran province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the city of Bumahen.
Conrad Glacier
Conrad Glacier is located in the Goat Rocks region of the U.S. state of Washington. Situated on the north side of 8,184-foot (2,494 m) Gilbert Peak, the glacier flows north-northeast from an elevation of 7,500 ft (2,300 m) to barren rocks and talus. A proglacial lake at 6,416 ft (1,956 m), lies where the glacier once terminated. Between 1970 and 2004, Conrad Glacier lost more than 29 ft (8.8 m) in thickness in some places and split into several separate bodies of ice.

Goat Rocks
Goat Rocks is an extinct stratovolcano in the Cascade Range, located between Mount Rainier and Mount Adams in southern Washington, in the United States. Part of the Cascade Volcanoes, it was formed by the subduction of the Juan de Fuca Plate under the western edge of the North American Plate. The volcano was active from 3.2 million years ago until eruptions ceased between 1 and 0.5 million years ago. Throughout its complex eruptive history, volcanism shifted from silicic explosive eruptions to voluminous, mafic activity.

The volcano and the surrounding Goat Rocks Wilderness, established in 1964, are named after the numerous mountain goats which live in the area. The variable climate of the wilderness area supports a host of wildlife, including marmots, pikas, deer, and elk. Various peaks within the wilderness can be climbed or scrambled, and other activities such as hiking are permitted.
Meredith Ann Pierce
Meredith Ann Pierce (born July 5, 1958, in Seattle, Washington) is an American fantasy writer and librarian.  Her books deal in fantasy worlds with mythic settings and frequently feature young women who first wish only to love and be loved, yet who must face hazard and danger to save their way of life, their world, and so on, usually without being respected for their efforts until the end of the story.

The Darkangel Trilogy
The Darkangel Trilogy is a series of novels by American author Meredith Ann Pierce published between 1982 and 1990.  It is set in the distant future, when the Moon has long since been terraformed into a lush paradise complete with its own animals, plants, and races.
Numerius (praenomen)
Numerius (/njuːˈmɛriəs/ new-MERR-ee-əs, Latin: [nʊˈmɛri.ʊs]), feminine Numeria, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, usually abbreviated N. The name was never especially common, but was used throughout the period of the Roman Republic, and into imperial times.  The praenomen also gave rise to the patronymic gens Numeria.

Although Numerius was occasionally used by patrician gentes, such as the Furii and the Valerii, the only patrician family to use the name regularly was the gens Fabia. Festus relates the story of how Numerius was introduced to the family after a survivor of the Battle of the Cremera married a daughter of Numerius Otacilius of Maleventum. The name was used more widely amongst the plebeians and in the countryside, and was relatively common in southern Italy.  In Roman law, the name Numerius Negidius was used to refer to a hypothetical defendant.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Nepenthes 'Boca Rose'
Nepenthes 'Boca Rose' is a cultivar of a complex manmade hybrid involving N. maxima, N. mirabilis, N. northiana, N. rafflesiana, N. veitchii, and a plant identified as N. thorelii.[note a] It was bred by Bruce Lee Bednar and Orgel Clyde Bramblett in 1990. This cultivar name is not established as it was published without a description, violating Article 24.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, and Jan Schlauer considers the epithet "doubtfully acceptable" as it may conflict with Article 19.24. Nepenthes 'Boca Rose' is a synonym of N. × hareliana and was originally published in the March 1994 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter as "x hareliana var. “Boca Rose”".

Other cultivars of the same cross include N. 'Alba', N. 'Red Skeleton', N. 'Rouge', and N. 'Vittata'.

Nepenthes 'Rouge'
Nepenthes 'Rouge' is a cultivar of a complex manmade hybrid involving N. maxima, N. mirabilis, N. northiana, N. rafflesiana, N. veitchii, and a plant identified as N. thorelii.[note a] It was bred by Bruce Lee Bednar and Orgel Clyde Bramblett in 1990. This cultivar name is not established as it was published without a description, violating Article 24.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, and the epithet is illegitimate as it conflicts with Recommendation 19D.1. Nepenthes 'Rouge' is a synonym of N. × hareliana and was originally published in the March 1994 issue of the Carnivorous Plant Newsletter as "x hareliana var. rouge".

Other cultivars of the same cross include N. 'Alba', N. 'Boca Rose', N. 'Red Skeleton', and N. 'Vittata'.
Gunnar Nelson (fighter)
Gunnar Lúðvík Nelson (born 28 July 1988) is an Icelandic professional mixed martial artist, currently competing in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He is a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, which was awarded by Renzo Gracie after impressive results at the 2009 IBJJF Pan-Ams and the 2009 ADCC Submission Wrestling World Championship. Nelson is a member of Mjölnir MMA in Iceland, and SBG Ireland.

Omari Akhmedov
Omari Sirazhudinovich Akhmedov (born October 12, 1987) is a Russian professional mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division. He previously fought in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and Professional Fighters League (PFL).
Ōmiya-ku, Saitama
Ōmiya (大宮区, Ōmiya-ku) is one of ten wards of the city of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is located in the northeastern part of the city. As of 1 March 2021, the ward had an estimated population of 119,298 and a population density of 9,300 persons per km2. Its total area was 12.80 square kilometres (4.94 sq mi).  Although Urawa-ku is the governmental center of Saitama City, Ōmiya-ku is the most active commercial and business centre in both Saitama City and Saitama Prefecture thanks to its transport infrastructure, especially railways connected at Ōmiya Station.

Nishi-ku, Saitama
Nishi-ku (西区, Nishi-ku) is one of ten wards of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is located in the far western part of the city. As of 1 March 2021, the ward had an estimated population of 93,527 and a population density of 3200 persons per km². Its total area was 29.14 square kilometres (11.25 sq mi).
Kandy
Kandy (Sinhala: මහනුවර, romanised: Mahanuwara [mahanuʋərə] ⓘ; Tamil: கண்டி, romanised: Kaṇṭi [ˈkaɳɖi] ⓘ) is a major city located in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It was the last capital of the Sinhalese monarchy from 1469 to 1818, under the Kingdom of Kandy. The city is situated in the midst of hills in the Kandy plateau. Kandy is the administrative  capital of the Central Province, and considered as the cultural capital of Sri Lanka, due to its architectural heritage. Kandy is the home of the Temple of the Tooth Relic (Sri Dalada Maligawa), one of the most important places of the Buddhist world. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1988. Historically the local Buddhist rulers resisted Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonial expansion and occupation.

Royal Palace Complex of Kandy
The Royal Palace of Kandy, situated in Kandy, Sri Lanka, is a historical complex that served as the official residence for the monarchs of the Kingdom of Kandy until the advent of British colonial rule in 1815. It is noteworthy for its adherence to traditional Kandyan architectural styles, the buildings within the palace complex contains well-preserved examples of intricate woodwork, finely crafted stone carvings, and ornate wall murals. This complex encompasses a range of structures, including the Audience Hall, the Queen's Palace, the King's Palace, and the Temple of the Tooth Relic, a venerated Buddhist temple with global significance. Both the palace complex and the Temple of the Tooth are recognised as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.