hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NORAD
The North American Aerospace Defense Command (commonly abbreviated to NORAD /ˈnɔːræd/ NΟR-ad; French: Commandement de la défense aérospatiale de l'Amérique du Nord; CDAAN) is a bi-national mutual defense organization in Canada and the United States. Established 12 September 1957 as the North American Air Defense Command, NORAD is headquartered at Peterson Space Force Base in Colorado, which also serves as the headquarters of United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM).

During World War II, Canada contacted the United States for protection from Nazi aggression. Later, during the beginning of the Cold War, the U.S. and Canada formed a permanent military alliance.

NORAD has three regions: the Alaskan region, the Canadian region, and the American Continental region. The administrative offices are located in New Mexico and Arizona. NORAD has an alternate command center called Cheyenne Mountain Complex in Colorado. NORAD has a total of 1,000 soldiers, personnel and military dependents.

1 Canadian Air Division
1 Canadian Air Division (1 Cdn Air Div) (French: 1re Division aérienne du Canada) is the operational-level command and control formation of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Prior to 2006 the official abbreviation for the division was 1 CAD. It is commanded by an air force major-general.
Knight Ridder
Knight Ridder /ˈrɪdər/ was an American media company, specializing in newspaper and Internet publishing. It was bought by McClatchy on June 27, 2006, allowing the latter to become the second largest newspaper publisher in the United States at the time, with 32 daily newspaper brands sold. Its headquarters were located in San Jose, California.

WPRI-TV
WPRI-TV (channel 12) is a television station in Providence, Rhode Island, United States, affiliated with CBS and MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group and is managed alongside WNAC-TV (channel 64), an affiliate of Fox and a de facto owned-and-operated station of The CW. The two stations share studios on Catamore Boulevard in East Providence, Rhode Island; WPRI-TV's transmitter is located on Pine Street in Rehoboth, Massachusetts.
INDO
INDO stands for Intermediate Neglect of Differential Overlap. It is a semi-empirical quantum chemistry method that is a development of the complete neglect of differential overlap (CNDO/2) method  introduced by John Pople. Like CNDO/2 it uses zero-differential overlap for the two-electron integrals but not for integrals that are over orbitals centered on the same atom.

The method is now rarely used in its original form with some exceptions but it is the basis for several other methods, such as MINDO, ZINDO and SINDO.

CNDO/2
Complete Neglect of Differential Overlap (CNDO) is one of the first semi empirical methods in quantum chemistry. It uses the frozen core approximation, in which only the outer valence electrons are explicitly included, and the approximation of zero-differential overlap.

CNDO/2 is the main version of CNDO. The method was first introduced by John Pople and collaborators.
Fairmount, North Dakota
Fairmount is a city in Richland County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 343 at the 2020 census. Fairmount was founded in 1884. It is part of the Wahpeton, ND–MN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In July 1884, a tornado destroyed the schoolhouse in Fairmount. Fifteen students were injured, and the teacher's leg was fractured.

Wahpeton micropolitan area
The Wahpeton Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in southeast North Dakota and one in west central Minnesota, anchored by the city of Wahpeton, North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, the μSA had a population of 22,897.

The Wahpeton Micropolitan Statistical Area is a component of the Fargo–Wahpeton, ND-MN Combined Statistical Area.
Aspect (geography)
In physical geography and physical geology, aspect (also known as exposure) is the compass direction or azimuth that a terrain surface faces.

For example, a slope landform on the eastern edge of the Rockies toward the Great Plains is described as having an easterly aspect. A slope which falls down to a deep valley on its western side and a shallower one on its eastern side has a westerly aspect or is a west-facing slope. The direction a slope faces can affect the physical and biotic features of the slope, known as a slope effect.

The term aspect can also be used to describe a related distinct concept: the horizontal alignment of a coastline. Here, the aspect is the direction which the coastline is facing towards the sea. For example, a coastline with sea to the northeast (as in most of Queensland) has a northeasterly aspect.

Aspect is complemented by grade (or inclination angle) to characterize the surface gradient.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Mike Culverhouse
Mike Culverhouse was Chief Constable of the Isle of Man Constabulary from 1999 until his retirement on 31 December 2007.  He took over as Chief Constable following the retirement of Robin Oake QPM and was the first ever Chief Constable of the Isle of Man to be appointed who did not previously hold ACPO (i.e. Assistant, Deputy or full Chief Constable) rank, previously being a Chief Superintendent in the Merseyside Police.

Robin Oake
Robin Oake QPM (born 1937) is the former Chief Constable of the Isle of Man Constabulary and before that Assistant Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police.

Chief Constable of the Isle of Man from 1986 to 1999, he was succeeded by Mike Culverhouse and is the father of Detective Constable Stephen Oake, who was stabbed to death while attempting to arrest an Al Qaeda suspect. Although nominated for the George Cross, his son was awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal. Oake wrote the book Father Forgive: The Forgotten 'F' Word following his son's murder. Robin is a strong evangelical Christian, like Stephen Oake was, and publicly forgave his son's murderer.

Oake serves as Chairman of the Isle of Man Commonwealth Games Association.
Blackfriars Hall
Blackfriars Hall is a Roman Catholic permanent private hall of the University of Oxford. Unlike a college, a hall is owned and governed by an outside institution (in this case, the English Province of the Order of Preachers) and not by its fellows or independent trustees. Although historically a centre for the study of theology and philosophy informed by the intellectual tradition of St Thomas Aquinas, it now admits men and women of any faith to a wide range of postgraduate degree programmes in the humanities and social sciences. The current Regent of Blackfriars is Fr. John O'Connor, O.P.

Permanent private hall
A permanent private hall (PPH) in the University of Oxford is an educational institution within the University. There are four permanent private halls at Oxford, three of which admit undergraduates. They were founded by different Christian denominations.

Students at PPHs are members of the University of Oxford and have full access to the University's facilities and activities.
Lisnarick, County Antrim
Lisnarick (from Irish Lios na Reach, meaning 'fort of the selling') is a townland of 101 acres in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Dunluce Lower and the civil parish of Ballyrashane.

Ballyrashane
Ballyrashane (from Irish Baile Ráth Seain) is a small village and civil parish outside Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. The civil parish of Ballyrashane covers areas of County Antrim (in the historic barony of Dunluce Lower), as well as County Londonderry (in the historic barony of North East Liberties of Coleraine). It is part of Causeway Coast and Glens district.

It is well known for its creamery, Ballyrashane Creamery, which processes milk, butter and cheese for shops and supermarkets all over Ireland and Europe.

Ballyrashane Flute Band recently celebrated their 100th year (2008). They are a traditional "First Flute" marching band, and are known locally as "The White Army" due to their distinctive uniform.

There are two churches in Ballyrashane - the Presbyterian, and St John's Church of Ireland
Hungarian Catholic Eparchy of Nyíregyháza
The Eparchy of Nyíregyháza is an eparchy (diocese) of the Hungarian Greek Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic church which uses the Byzantine Rite in the Hungarian language.

It's cathedral church is Szent Miklós Görögkatolikus székesegyház which is situated in the city of Nyíregyháza, Hungary. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archeparchy of Hajdúdorog, a Metropolitanate sui juris and the Greek Catholics in Hungary' only province.

Hungarian Greek Catholic Church
The Hungarian Greek Catholic Church or the Byzantine Catholic Church in Hungary is a sui iuris (autonomous) Eastern Catholic church based in Hungary. As a particular church of the Catholic Church, it is in full communion with the Holy See. Its liturgical usage is that of the Byzantine Rite in the Hungarian language.
John Alexander Tilleard
John Alexander Tilleard (born circa 1850, died 22 September 1913) was a British solicitor and the philatelist who was the first curator of the Royal Philatelic Collection.

John Tilleard was a solicitor of the City of London. He spent his free time on collect stamps and the study of philately. He was a specialist of stamps issued by Prince Edward Island and British India. About the latter, he published Notes on the De La Rue Series of Adhesive Postage Stamps and Telegraph Stamps of India published in 1896.

Royal Philatelic Society London
The Royal Philatelic Society London (RPSL) is the oldest philatelic society in the world. It was founded on 10 April 1869 as The Philatelic Society, London. The society runs a  postal museum, the Spear Museum of Philatelic History, at its headquarters in the City of London.
Estadio Julian Javier
Estadio Julian Javier is a multi-use stadium in San Francisco de Macorís, Dominican Republic.  It is currently used mostly for baseball games and hosts the home games of Gigantes del Cibao and Atlético San Francisco of the Dominican football league (LDF).  The stadium holds 12,000 people.

Gigantes del Cibao
The Gigantes del Cibao (English: Cibao Giants) are a baseball team that plays in the Dominican Winter League. The team was founded in 1996 as Gigantes del Noroeste then with a change of ownership the name was changed several times, being called Pollos del Cibao, and Pollos Baseball Club.
Ancient Ram Inn
The Ancient Ram Inn is a Grade II* listed building and a former pub located in Wotton-under-Edge, a market town within the Stroud district of Gloucestershire, England.  This inn was said to have also been owned by the local St. Mary's Church when first built. The late medieval building was remodelled in the mid to late 16th century.

It now operates as a guesthouse, and its owners advertise it as "the most haunted building in England" with around twenty ghosts said to haunt it. Owner Caroline Humphries has said the building "kind of evolved into an event location for paranormal activity" after her father converted it into a guesthouse in 1968.

Wotton-under-Edge
Wotton-under-Edge /ˈwʊtən/ is a market town and civil parish in the Stroud district of Gloucestershire, England. Near the southern fringe of the Cotswolds, the Cotswold Way long-distance footpath passes through the town.
Nupen
Nupen is a small mountain in Troms county, Norway. The 412-metre (1,352 ft) tall mountain lies on the border of Kvæfjord Municipality and Harstad Municipality, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) west of the town of Harstad. The peak of the mountain is in Harstad, but the mountain itself straddles the municipal border. The village of Bremnes lies just west of the mountain in Kvæfjord and the Andfjorden lies to the north. The mountain is known for its view of the midnight sun.

Harstad Municipality
Harstad (Norwegian: [ˈhɑ̂ʂːʈɑ] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Hárstták) is the second-most populated municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is mostly located on the large island of Hinnøya. The municipal center is the town of Harstad, which is the most populous town in Central Hålogaland and the third-largest in all of Northern Norway. The town was incorporated in 1904. Villages in the municipality include Elgsnes, Fauskevåg, Gausvika, Grøtavær, Kasfjord, Lundenes, Nergården and Sørvika.

The 445-square-kilometre (172 sq mi) municipality is the 225th largest by area out of Norway's 357 municipalities and the 49th most populous, with a population of 25,056. The municipality's population density is 56.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (146/sq mi) and the population has increased by 2.5% over the previous 10-year period.
2009 European Parliament election in Belgium
An election of the delegation from Belgium to the European Parliament was held on Sunday, 7 June 2009. The elections were on the same day as regional elections to the Flemish Parliament, Walloon Parliament, Brussels Parliament and the Parliament of the German-speaking Community.

As a result of the Treaty of Nice – that became active in November 2004 – the number of Belgian delegates in the European Parliament decreased from 24 (in 2004) to 22 delegates: 13 delegates were elected by the Dutch-speaking Electoral College, 8 delegates by the Francophone Electoral College and 1 by the German-speaking Electoral College.

2009 Belgian regional elections
Regional elections were held in Belgium on 7 June 2009 to choose representatives in the regional parliaments of Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels and the German-speaking Community of Belgium. These elections were held on the same day as the European elections.

The Parliament of the French Community is composed of all elected members of the Walloon Parliament (except German-speakers) and the first 19 French-speaking members of the Brussels Parliament.
Glen Waverley Secondary College
Glen Waverley Secondary College is a non-selective public government school located in Glen Waverley, Victoria, Australia. It is one of the largest secondary schools in Victoria, with 2,250 students and 181 teachers as of 2024. In addition, the college is one of the highest performing state high schools in Victoria, it ranked 59 out of all 530 Victorian high-schools in 2013, based on the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR).

Glen Waverley
Glen Waverley is an eastern suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, located 19 km (12 mi) southeast of the Melbourne central business district. It is the council seat of the City of Monash local government area and a prominent suburban commercial district, as well as a local transport hub as the interchange between the Glen Waverley line terminus and the upcoming SRL East ring line. Glen Waverley recorded a population of 42,642 at the 2021 census.
Cullen (plant)
Cullen is a genus of legumes (family Fabaceae) native to tropical, subtropical and arid regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. Despite the origin implied in the name of the constituent species Cullen americanum, legumes of this genus are not native to the Americas.

Cullen was previously included in broad definitions of the allied genus Psoralea.

Cullen americanum
Cullen americanum is a plant in the Fabaceae family, found Northern Africa, Italy, Portugal, and Spain, and despite its species epithet, americanum, is an introduced species in the Americas.

It was first described in 1753 as Psoralea americana by Carl Linnaeus, but was reassigned to the genus Cullen in 1919 by Per Axel Rydberg.
Miyoshi Masanaga
Miyoshi Masanaga (三好 政長; 1508 – July 18, 1549) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period, a member of the Miyoshi clan who served as Hosokawa Harumoto. He is remembered as the cousin of Miyoshi Nagayoshi. Masanaga had very strong relations with the Ikeda clan, as Ikeda Nagamasa was his son-in-law. Due to this strong relation between the families, Chokei considered him a threat. After 1548, Masanaga engaged in a major battle against his cousin, which ended in Chokei's victory. Masanaga's whereabouts after this battle are unknown.

Miyoshi clan
Miyoshi clan (三好氏, Miyoshi-shi) is a Japanese family descended from Emperor Seiwa (850–880) and the Minamoto clan (Seiwa-Genji). They are a cadet branch of the Ogasawara clan and the Takeda clan.

At the beginning of the 14th century AD, Ogasawara Nagafusa settled in Shikoku. His eighth generation descendant Yoshinaga settled in the district of Miyoshi (Awa province) and took the name of the place. They were vassals of the Hosokawa clan, then powerful in Shikoku.

During the Sengoku period, they controlled several provinces, including Settsu and Awa. Though they would fade from prominence, the Ogasawara, a clan closely related to them, would continue as a major political force throughout the Edo period.

Among the retainers to the clan were Matsunaga Danjo Hisahide and his son Hisamichi from the Matsunaga clan during the Sengoku period.
Phase correlation
Phase correlation is an approach to estimate the relative translative offset between two similar images (digital image correlation) or other data sets. It is commonly used in image registration and relies on a frequency-domain representation of the data, usually calculated by fast Fourier transforms. The term is applied particularly to a subset of cross-correlation techniques that isolate the phase information from the Fourier-space representation of the cross-correlogram.

Television standards conversion
Television standards conversion  is the process of changing a television transmission or recording from one video system to another. 
Converting video between different numbers of lines, frame rates, and color models in video pictures is a complex technical problem. However, the international exchange of television programming makes standards conversion necessary so that video may be viewed in another nation with a differing standard. Typically video is fed into video standards converter which produces a copy according to a different video standard. One of the most common conversions is between the NTSC and PAL standards.
Alpine Brigade "Julia"
The Alpine Brigade "Julia" is a light infantry brigade of the Italian Army, specializing in mountain warfare. Its core units are Alpini, an infantry corps of the Italian Army, that distinguished itself during World War I and World War II. The brigade carries on the name and traditions of the 3rd Alpine Division "Julia". The division's and brigade's name allude to the Julian Alps in the Friuli region where the division's regiments recruited their troops, and where after World War II the brigade was based. Accordingly, the brigade's coat of arms is modeled after the Friuli region's coat of arms.

The brigade supplies the headquarters and most units to the former Multinational Land Force, also known as the Italian-Hungarian-Slovenian Battlegroup. Component parts from the other two countries were the Slovenian 10th Motorized Battalion and the Hungarian 1st Light Infantry Battalion.

Comando Truppe Alpine
The Comando Truppe Alpine (Alpine Troops Command) or COMTA (formerly also COMALP) commands the Mountain Troops of the Italian Army, called Alpini (singular: Alpino) and various support and training units. It is the successor to the 4º Corpo d'Armata Alpino (4th Alpine Army Corps) of the Cold War. The Alpini are light Infantry units specializing in Mountain Combat. The subordinate units of the COMTA distinguished themselves during combat in World War I and World War II.
Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Mixed 4 × 400 metres relay
The mixed 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held over two rounds at the Japan National Stadium in Tokyo, Japan, on 30 and 31 July 2021. There were 16 competing relay teams, with each team having four competing members (two men and two women). It was the first mixed-gender relay in athletics held at the Olympic Games, as part of a larger focus on gender equality by the International Olympic Committee.

The final was won by the team of Poland in an Olympic and European record of 3:09.87 min, followed by the Dominican Republic in second place in a national record of 3:10.21 min and the United States in third place in 3:10.22 min.

Mixed 4 × 400 metres relay
The mixed 4 × 400 metres relay is a mixed-sex 4 × 400 metres relay in which teams field two men and two women. Initially, teams were free to arrange participants in any order.  This created scenarios where mixed genders run on the same leg.  This was changed in March 2022, where team members run in the order: man-woman-man-woman. It was introduced at the 2017 IAAF World Relays and was then held at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Qatar.
Lillie Glacier
Lillie Glacier (70°45′S 163°55′E﻿ / ﻿70.750°S 163.917°E﻿ / -70.750; 163.917) is a large glacier in Antarctica, about 100 nautical miles (190 km; 120 mi) long and 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) wide. It lies between the Bowers Mountains on the west and the Concord Mountains and Anare Mountains on the east, flowing to Ob' Bay on the coast and forming the Lillie Glacier Tongue.

Mount Stirling (Antarctica)
Mount Stirling (71°33′S 164°07′E﻿ / ﻿71.550°S 164.117°E﻿ / -71.550; 164.117﻿ (Mount Stirling)) is a mountain, 2,260 metres (7,410 ft) high, in the Bowers Mountains, Antarctica.
It is located 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) southwest of Mount Freed where it forms part of the east wall of Leap Year Glacier. It was named by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1967–1968, after Ian Stirling, a zoologist from the University of Canterbury at Scott Base in that season.
Movable type
Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks) usually on the medium of paper.

Punchcutting
Punchcutting is a craft used in traditional typography to cut letter punches in steel as the first stage of making metal type. Steel punches in the shape of the letter would be used to stamp matrices into copper, which were locked into a mould shape to cast type. Cutting punches and casting type was the first step of traditional typesetting. The cutting of letter punches was a highly skilled craft requiring much patience and practice. Often the designer of the type would not be personally involved in the cutting.

The initial design for type would be two-dimensional, but a punch has depth, and the three-dimensional shape of the punch, as well as factors such as the angle and depth to which it was driven into the matrix, would affect the appearance of the type on the page. The angle of the side of the punch was particularly significant.