hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jason Moran (criminal)
Jason Matthew Patrick Moran (22 September 1967 – 21 June 2003) was an Australian criminal from Melbourne, and one of the leaders of the Moran family, notable for their involvement in the Melbourne gangland killings.

Moran family
The Moran family is an infamous Melbourne, Australia-based criminal family notable for their involvement in the Melbourne gangland killings. Family matriarch Judy Moran lost two sons, Jason and Mark, estranged husband Lewis, and brother-in-law Des in an underworld feud that resulted in the deaths of over 30 criminals from January 1998 to August 2010.
Murder of Layla Cummings
On July 6, 1984, in Elk City, Oklahoma, 7-year-old Layla Dawn Marie Cummings (November 7, 1976 – July 7, 1984) was abducted, raped, and murdered by Richard Norman Rojem Jr., who was previously convicted and jailed for sex offenses. Rojem, who was formerly married to Cummings'  mother before their divorce, was convicted of murdering Cummings and sentenced to death in 1985. Rojem, who failed in multiple attempts to overturn his death sentence, was incarcerated on death row for close to 39 years before he was executed via lethal injection on June 27, 2024, after the state parole board rejected his appeal for clemency.

Murder of Linda Reaves
On January 24, 1985, in Oklahoma City, 35-year-old schoolteacher Linda Reaves (November 5, 1949 – January 24, 1985) and her boyfriend Douglas Ivens were both shot by Bigler Stouffer (September 25, 1942 – December 9, 2021). Stouffer was the boyfriend of Ivens's estranged wife Velva Ivens, who targeted Ivens for his $2 million life insurance policy. Ivens survived three gunshot wounds to his body, but Reaves was mortally wounded and died from two gunshot wounds to the head.

Stouffer was arrested and charged with the murder of Reaves and attempted murder of Ivens, who testified against Stouffer in his trial. Stouffer was found guilty of murdering Reaves and sentenced to death, and he was additionally given life in prison for shooting Ivens. Stouffer, whose death sentence was overturned in 1999 before it was reinstated in 2003, was incarcerated on death row for 36 years before he was executed via lethal injection on December 9, 2021.
Valparaiso University
Valparaiso University (Valpo) is a private university in Valparaiso, Indiana, United States. It is an independent Lutheran university with five colleges. It enrolls nearly 2,300 students and has a 350-acre (140 ha) campus.

The university is known for its Lutheran Christian heritage and has one of the largest chapels on a U.S. college campus. In 2025, it accepted 89% of applicants for enrollment.

Valparaiso, Indiana
Valparaiso (/ˌvælpəˈreɪzoʊ/ VAL-pə-RAY-zoh), colloquially Valpo, is a city in and the county seat of Porter County, Indiana, United States. The population was 34,151 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area.
Bancroft's School
Bancroft's School is a co-educational private day school in Woodford Green, London. The school has around 1,100 pupils aged between 7 and 18, around 250 of whom are pupils of the Preparatory School and 850 of whom are pupils of the Senior School.

The school's alumni, called "Old Bancroftians", include naturalists, poets, academics, politicians, authors, sportsmen, actors, and military figures. These include two recipients of the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest military award for gallantry, Robert Edward Cruickshank and Augustus Charles Newman. More recently, alumni have included Lord Pannick KC, Mike Lynch, Alan Davies, Hari Kunzru, Anita Anand and Andy Saull.

David Pannick, Baron Pannick
David Philip Pannick, Baron Pannick, KC (born 7 March 1956) is a British barrister and a crossbencher in the House of Lords and Blackstone Chambers. He practises primarily in public law and human rights and has argued high profile cases before the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords, the European Court of Justice, and the European Court of Human Rights.
St. Mary of the Visitation Catholic Church (Ottumwa, Iowa)
St. Mary of the Visitation Catholic Church is a parish of the Diocese of Davenport. The church building is located on the corner of 4th and Court Streets in downtown Ottumwa, Iowa, United States. It is part of the Central Park area, which is the civic center of the community. It includes: the Wapello County Courthouse, the Ottumwa Public Library, and the Ottumwa City Hall. The church is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, but it has not been listed.

Ottumwa City Hall
Ottumwa City Hall is the official seat of government for the city of Ottumwa, Iowa, United States. The building originally served as a post office and federal courthouse. It is part of the Central Park area, which includes: Ottumwa Public Library, Wapello County Courthouse and St. Mary of the Visitation Catholic Church. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.
Petäjävesi
Petäjävesi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈpetæjæˌʋesi]; lit. "pine water") is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland, next to the city of Jyväskylä, and is part of the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 3,548 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 495.41 square kilometres (191.28 sq mi) of which 39.01 km2 (15.06 sq mi), or almost 8%, is water. The population density is 7.77 inhabitants per square kilometre (20.1/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Jyväskylä, Jämsä, Keuruu, Multia and Uurainen.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The Petäjävesi Old Church, was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994 for its testimony to Nordic church architecture.

Multia, Finland
Multia is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 1,384 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 765.63 square kilometres (295.61 sq mi) of which 32.37 km2 (12.50 sq mi), or 11.5%, is water.  The population density is 1.89 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.9/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The municipality has previously also been known as "Muldia" in Swedish documents, but is today referred to as "Multia" also in Swedish.
Kingdom of Saguenay
The Kingdom of Saguenay (French: Royaume du Saguenay) was a mythical kingdom that French-Breton maritime explorer Jacques Cartier tried to reach in 1535, supposedly located inland of present-day Quebec, Canada. The indigenous people had told Cartier about a rich kingdom and Cartier was given two ships by the French government to explore countries beyond Newfoundland. In 1542 Cartier founded the Charlesbourg-Royal settlement and his mates initially thought they had found large amounts of diamonds and gold in the area. The treasures were shipped back to France, but turned out to be quartz crystals and iron pyrites.

Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier (Breton: Jakez Karter; 31 December 1491 – 1 September 1557) was a French maritime explorer from Brittany. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas" after the Iroquoian names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island).

Jacques Cartier, author of now-lost maps and accounts of his voyages, was the first European to describe and name this region and its inhabitants—at a time when the Spanish had already settled in the Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America, and were beginning their conquest of Peru.
Mamaroneck Union Free School District
The Mamaroneck Union Free School District is the school district created to serve the public education needs of Larchmont and Mamaroneck, New York.

It serves the Town of Mamaroneck, the Village of Larchmont and the part of the Village of Mamaroneck that is within the Town of Mamaroneck. The part of the Village of Mamaroneck within the Town of Rye is served by the Rye Neck Union Free School District.

The school district comprises four elementary schools serving grades K–5:

Central School

Chatsworth Avenue School

Mamaroneck Avenue School

Murray Avenue School

There is one middle school serving grades 6–8:

Hommocks Middle School

And one high school serving grades 9–12:

Mamaroneck High School

The district offices are in the High School.

Mamaroneck, New York
Mamaroneck (/məˈmærənɛk/ mə-MARR-ə-nek) is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States.

The population was 31,758 at the 2020 United States census over 29,156 at the 2010 census. There are two villages contained within the town: Larchmont and the Village of Mamaroneck (part of which is located in the adjacent town of Rye). The majority of the town's land area is not within either village, constituting an unincorporated area, although a majority of the population lives within the villages. Legally, the unincorporated section and the villages constitute the town as a political and governmental subdivision of New York State. The town is led by a town board, composed of five town board members, which includes the town supervisor, Jaine Elkind Eney.

Much of the unincorporated section of the town receives its mail via the Larchmont Post Office and thereby has a Larchmont address.
Kalevi-Liiva
Kalevi-Liiva are sand dunes in Jõelähtme Parish in Harju County, Estonia. The site is located near the Baltic coast, north of the Jägala village and the former Jägala concentration camp. It is best known as the execution site of at least 6,000 Jewish and Roma Holocaust victims.

Jõelähtme Parish
Jõelähtme Parish (Estonian: Jõelähtme vald) is a municipality in Estonia. It was established in 1992 and is administratively part of the Harju County, in northwestern Estonia. The parish has a population of 6,969 and an area of 210.86 km2 (81.41 sq mi), the population density is 25.3770/km2 (65.726/sq mi)

The administrative centre of Jõelähtme Parish is the village of Jõelähtme. It is located 20 km east from the centre of Estonia's capital, Tallinn.
Jon Robin Baitz
Jon Robin Baitz (born November 4, 1961) is an American playwright, screenwriter, and television producer. He is a two-time Pulitzer Prize finalist, as well as a Guggenheim, American Academy of Arts and Letters, and National Endowment for the Arts Fellow.

Fallen Angels (American TV series)
Fallen Angels is an American neo-noir anthology television series that ran from August 1, 1993, to November 19, 1995, on the Showtime pay cable station and was produced by Propaganda Films. No first-run episodes were shown in 1994.

The series was executive produced by Sydney Pollack and produced by Steve Golin and others. The theme song was written by Elmer Bernstein and the original music was written by Peter Bernstein.

Each episode is based on a story by a noted hardboiled crime writer, including Raymond Chandler, Jim Thompson, Cornell Woolrich, James Ellroy, Evan Hunter, Mickey Spillane, Dashiell Hammett and Walter Mosley.

Period torch songs by performers like Patti Page and Billie Holiday were used periodically.

In Europe, the show is known as Perfect Crimes and shown in France on Canal +, and in the United Kingdom.
Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield
Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield is a civil parish about 6 miles south of Bury St Edmunds, in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England.

According to the 2001 census it had a population of 503, increasing to 578 at the Census 2011. The parish was formed in 1998 from Bradfield Combust and Stanningfield.

52°10′44″N 0°45′22″E﻿ / ﻿52.179°N 0.756°E﻿ / 52.179; 0.756

Bradfield Combust
Bradfield Combust (or Burnt Bradfield) is a village and former manor and civil parish, now in the parish of Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield, in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. It is located on the A134 between Windsor Green and Great Whelnetham. In 1961 the parish had a population of 108. In 1988 the parish was merged with Stanningfield.
Yantai
37°27′53″N 121°26′52″E﻿ / ﻿37.4646°N 121.4478°E﻿ / 37.4646; 121.4478

Yantai, formerly known by the Europeans as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao on the southwest and Weihai on the east, with sea access to both the Bohai Sea (via the Laizhou Bay and the Bohai Strait) and the Yellow Sea (from both north and south sides of the Shandong Peninsula).  It is the largest fishing seaport in Shandong.  Its population was 7,102,116 during the 2020 census, of whom 3,184,299 lived in the built-up area made up of the 5 urban districts of Zhifu, Laishan, Fushan, Muping, and Penglai.

Laishan, Yantai
Laishan District (simplified Chinese: 莱山区; traditional Chinese: 萊山區; pinyin: Láishān Qū) is a district of the city of Yantai, Shandong province. It has an area of 258 square kilometres (100 sq mi) and around 181,200 inhabitants (2003).
Methine group
In organic chemistry, a methine group or methine bridge is a trivalent functional group =CH−, derived formally from methane. It consists of a carbon atom bound by two single bonds and one double bond, where one of the single bonds is to a hydrogen. The group is also called methyne  or methene, but its IUPAC systematic name is methylylidene or methanylylidene.

This group is sometimes called "methylidyne", however that name belongs properly to either the methylidyne group ≡CH (connected to the rest of the molecule by a triple bond) or to the methylidyne radical ⫶CH (the two atoms as a free molecule with dangling bonds).

The name "methine" is also widely used in non-systematic nomenclature for the methanetriyl group (IUPAC): a carbon atom with four single bonds, where one bond is to a hydrogen atom (>CH−).

Methylidyne group
In organic chemistry, a methylidyne group or just methylidyne is a neutral part of a molecule (a substituent or functional group) with formula ≡CH, consisting of a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom by one single bond and to the rest of the molecule by one triple bond.  For example, a methylidyne group is present in n-methylidyne-1-hexanaminium, H3C−(CH2)5−N+≡CH.

The name "methylidyne" is also used for the methylidyne radical (carbyne) ⫶CH, the same two atoms not bound to any other atom.
Central Station (Buenos Aires)
The Central Station (in Spanish: Estación Central) was a railway station in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina, which operated from 1872 to 1897.

The station was a union station of Buenos Aires shared by most of the separate railway companies existing by then, and functioned as terminus of most of the railway lines thus allowing passengers to connect conveniently between them. It was built in 1872 and located by what was then the shores of the Rio de la Plata next to the current Casa Rosada. The station building was a wood structure built in Great Britain, that had a slate mansard roof and a little tower with a clock and a dome on the top. When the Puerto Madero was inaugurated in 1897, the railway tracks of the Central Station blocked the access from the city to the port, and after a fire in 1897 use of the station was abandoned.

Buenos Aires and Rosario Railway
The Buenos Aires and Rosario Railway (BA&R) was a British-owned railway company that built and operated a 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge railway network in Argentina, where it was known as the "Ferrocarril Buenos Aires y Rosario". Originally thought as a line from Buenos Aires to Campana, it then extended to the provinces of Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, and Tucumán.

The BA&RR also took over the Santa Fe and Córdoba Railway in 1900. The company operated until 1908, when it was acquired by the Central Argentine Railway which took over its services.
John Finlator
John Haywood Finlator was an American federal administrator and narcotics law enforcement director. He was the first and only director of the Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (BDAC), and later served as deputy director of the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD). He was one of the first members of the narcotics enforcement community that advocated for decriminalizing cannabis and marijuana. This advocacy often set him at odds with his coworkers at the bureau and with Congress but was praised by many medical community members.

Bureau of Drug Abuse Control
The Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (BDAC) was an American law enforcement agency that investigated the consumption, trafficking, and distribution of drugs and controlled substances. BDAC was a Bureau of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the sum total of the two years that BDAC existed, it investigated and closed around 300 criminal cases, seized 43 clandestine drug laboratories, and made over 1,300 arrests.
Triplarina
Triplarina is a genus of seven species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. They are Baeckea-like shrubs with small leaves arranged in opposite pairs and flowers with five sepals, five more or less round petals, and fourteen to eighteen stamens that are shorter than the petals. Species of Triplarina occur in New South Wales and Queensland usually growing in woodland or forest.

Baeckea
Baeckea is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, all but one endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Baeckea are shrubs or small trees with leaves arranged in opposite pairs, white to deep pink flowers with five sepals and five petals, and five to fifteen stamens that are shorter than the petals.
Pennsville Township, New Jersey
Pennsville Township is a township in Salem County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is named for William Penn. It is the westernmost town in New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 12,684, a decrease of 725 (−5.4%) from the 2010 census count of 13,409, which in turn reflected an increase of 215 (+1.6%) from the 13,194 counted in the 2000 census.

The township had the 24th-highest property tax rate in New Jersey, with an equalized rate of 4.285% in 2020, compared to 3.476% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%. The township, and all of Salem County, is part of South Jersey and of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area, also known as the Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.

Paulsboro, New Jersey
Paulsboro is a borough situated on the banks of the Delaware River in Gloucester County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, within the Philadelphia metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 6,196, an increase of 99 (+1.6%) from the 6,097 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn had reflected a decline of 63 (−1.0%) from the 6,160 counted in the 2000 census. Paulsboro and surrounding Gloucester County constitute part of South Jersey.

Paulsboro was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 2, 1904, from portions of Greenwich Township. It was named for Samuel Phillip Paul, son of a settler.
Figline Valdarno
Figline Valdarno (Italian pronunciation: [fiʎˈʎiːne valˈdarno]) is a frazione in the  comune of Figline e Incisa Valdarno in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Florence. It is the birthplace of Marsilio Ficino.

It was a separate commune until January 1, 2014.

Figline e Incisa Valdarno
Figline e Incisa Valdarno is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Florence.

It has been created on January 1, 2014 with the union of the municipalities of Figline Valdarno and Incisa in Val d'Arno.
Southern Bantoid languages
Southern Bantoid (or South Bantoid) is a branch of the Bantoid language family. It consists of the Bantu languages along with several small branches and isolates of eastern Nigeria and west-central Cameroon (though the affiliation of some branches is uncertain). Since the Bantu languages are spoken across most of Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Bantoid comprises 643 languages as counted by Ethnologue, though many of these are mutually intelligible.

Bendi languages
The Bendi languages are a small group of languages spoken in Cross River State, southeastern Nigeria. Bokyi is one of the Bendi languages having some speakers in Cameroon. Once counted among the Cross River languages, they may be a branch of Southern Bantoid, with observed similarities especially with the Ekoid languages.

Very little research has been conducted on the Bendi languages, and the modern work that does exist often remains either unpublished or inaccessible. The group is notable for having one language (Ubang) that has male and female forms.
Human herpesvirus 7
Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) is one of nine known members of the Herpesviridae family that infects humans. HHV-7 is a member of Betaherpesvirinae, a subfamily of the Herpesviridae that also includes HHV-6 and Cytomegalovirus (HHV-5 or HCMV). HHV-7 often acts together with HHV-6, and the viruses together are sometimes referred to by their genus, Roseolovirus. HHV-7 was first isolated in 1990 from CD4+ T cells taken from peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Betaherpesvirinae
Betaherpesvirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the order Herpesvirales and in the family Herpesviridae. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 26 species in this subfamily, divided among 5 genera. Diseases associated with this subfamily include: human cytomegalovirus (HHV-5): congenital CMV infection; HHV-6: 'sixth disease' (also known as roseola infantum or exanthem subitum); HHV-7: symptoms analogous to the 'sixth disease'.
Chino, Nagano
Chino (茅野市, Chino-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2019, the city had an estimated population of 55,673 in 23,236 households, and a population density of 210 persons per km². The total area of the city is 266.59 square kilometres (102.93 sq mi).

Mount Tateshina
Mount Tateshina (蓼科山, Tateshina-yama) also Suwa Fuji is a complex volcano located on the border of the municipalities of Chino and Tateshina in Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

It has an elevation of 2,530 m (8,301 ft). This mountain is one of the 100 Famous Japanese Mountains.
Lequio Tanaro
Lequio Tanaro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 731 and an area of 12.1 square kilometres (4.7 sq mi).

Lequio Tanaro borders the following municipalities: Bene Vagienna, Dogliani, Farigliano, Monchiero, Narzole, Novello, and Piozzo.

Novello, Piedmont
Novello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region of Piedmont. It is located approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Turin and 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 968 and covered an area of 11.6 square kilometres (4.5 sq mi). Novello shares borders with the following municipalities: Barolo, Lequio Tanaro, Monchiero, Monforte d'Alba, and Narzole.
Trochodendron aralioides
Trochodendron aralioides, sometimes colloquially called wheel tree, is a flowering plant and the sole living species in the genus Trochodendron, which also includes several extinct species. It was also often considered the sole species in the family Trochodendraceae, though botanists now include the distinct genus Tetracentron in the same family. T. aralioides is native to Japan, southern Korea and Taiwan. Growing in lower temperate montane mixed forests in Japan, and broad-leaved evergreen forest in the central mountain ranges and Northern parts of Taiwan.

Trochodendraceae
Trochodendraceae is the only family of flowering plants in the order Trochodendrales.  It comprises two extant genera, each with a single species along with up to five additional extinct genera and a number of extinct species.  The living species are native to south east Asia.  The two living species (Tetracentron sinense and Trochodendron aralioides) both have secondary xylem without vessel elements, which is quite rare in angiosperms. As the vessel-free wood suggests primitiveness, these two species have attracted much taxonomic attention.