hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Army Western Hemisphere Command
The United States Army Western Hemisphere Command (USAWHC) is a command of the United States Army. It serves as the theater army and Army Service Component Command (ASCC) for both United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) and United States Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM), overseeing operations across North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Anticipating full operating capability by summer 2026, the command will oversee local operations, defense of the US southern border, natural disaster response, and general humanitarian assistance in the Western Hemisphere. USAWHC was activated on 5 December 2025, at Fort Bragg in North Carolina.

United States Army North
The United States Army North (ARNORTH) is a formation of the United States Army. An Army Service Component Command (ASCC) subordinate to United States Northern Command (NORTHCOM), ARNORTH is the joint force land component of NORTHCOM. ARNORTH is responsible for homeland defense and defense support of civil authorities.  ARNORTH is headquartered at Fort Sam Houston, Texas.
Redesignated ARNORTH in 2004, it was first activated in early January 1943 as the United States Fifth Army, under the command of Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark.
N'Dolo Airport
N'Dolo Airport (IATA: NLO, ICAO: FZAB), also known as Ndolo Airport, is a secondary airport in the city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, located in the commune of Barumbu near the city center.

The Aviation militaire de la Force Publique was established here in October 1940 with requisitioned aircraft.

The airline Air Kasaï had its head office on the airport property.

Runways are limited to aircraft under 15,000 kilograms (33,000 lb) since the disastrous crash of January 8, 1996, in which an Antonov An-32 aborted takeoff and overran the runway into a market.

Runway length includes a 315 metres (1,033 ft) displaced threshold on Runway 08.

Barumbu
Barumbu is a commune in the Lukunga District of Kinshasa, located strategically in the northern region of the city. As of 2015, Barumbu had an estimated population of 413,628, making it one of Kinshasa's more densely populated communes.

Historically, Barumbu's development paralleled Kinshasa's transition from a colonial outpost known as Léopoldville to a sprawling urban center. The commune is often called Kinshasa's "museum commune" for its preserved historical architecture, including colonial-era residences constructed from compressed earth. Barumbu has seen rapid urbanization, with a notable increase in multi-story residential buildings, particularly apartment complexes. The area has also experienced a commercial boom, with a proliferation of shops and boutiques.
Pegau Abbey
The Abbey of St. James in Pegau was a Benedictine monastery in the town of Pegau in Saxony. It was one of the first monasteries founded in the Duchy of Saxony. It is known above all for the so-called Annales Pegaviensis, the Annals of Pegau from the year 1155, an important description of medieval history.

51°09′57″N 12°15′12″E﻿ / ﻿51.16583°N 12.25333°E﻿ / 51.16583; 12.25333

Pegau
Pegau (German pronunciation: [ˈpeːɡaʊ] ⓘ) is a town in the Leipzig district in Saxony, Germany, situated in a fertile plain, on the White Elster, 18 m. S.W. from Leipzig by the railway to Zeitz.

It has two Evangelical churches, that of St. Lawrence being a fine Gothic structure, a 16th-century town-hall; a very old hospital and an agricultural school. In the 19th Century, its industries included the manufacture of felt, boots and metal wares.
Callan Rydz
Callan Rydz (/rɪdz/ ⓘ born 3 July 1998) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He has won three PDC ranking titles and is a two-time PDC World Championship quarter-finalist.

Rydz topped the 2019 PDC Challenge Tour Order of Merit, which earned him his PDC Tour Card. He won two titles each on the PDC's Challenge Tour and Development Tour before winning his first two PDC ranking titles during the 2021 Pro Tour and adding a third in 2023. He has reached the quarter-finals of two PDC World Championships: 2022 and 2025.

Jonny Clayton
Jonny Clayton (born 4 October 1974) is a Welsh professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world number five. Nicknamed "the Ferret", he won four PDC major singles titles in 2021: the Masters, Premier League, World Series Finals, and World Grand Prix. He has also won the PDC World Cup of Darts on two occasions in 2020 and 2023, representing Wales alongside Gerwyn Price; he has won a total of 17 PDC titles in his professional career, including three European Tour titles.

He has reached the quarter-finals in the 2023 and 2026 editions of the PDC World Darts Championship.
Škoda Favorit
The Škoda Favorit (Type 781) is a supermini car which was made by Škoda Auto from 1987 to 1995. Initially it was only a five-door hatchback, but two other body styles were later added: A five-door estate car in 1990 called the Škoda Forman (Type 785) and a two-door coupé utility truck in 1991 called the Škoda Pick-up (Type 787). The Favorit was Škoda's first car to follow the European trend of locating the engine at the front, mounted transversely, and was also their first car to use front-wheel drive. It was premiered in July 1987 at the Brno Engineering Fair in Czechoslovakia. The Favorit name was previously used for the Type 904 and 923 models produced by Škoda from 1936 to 1941.

Coupé utility
A coupé utility is a vehicle with a passenger compartment at the front and an integrated cargo tray at the rear, with the front of the cargo bed doubling as the rear of the passenger compartment.

The term originated in the 1930s, where it was used to distinguish passenger-car-based two-door vehicles with an integrated cargo tray from traditional pickup trucks that have a cargo bed separate from the passenger compartment. Since the 2000s, this type of vehicle has also been referred to as a "pick-up", "car-based pick-up" or "car-based truck".

In Australia, where the traditional style of coupé utility remained popular until it ceased production in 2017, it is commonly called a "ute".
Isola Dovarese
Isola Dovarese (Cremunés: Ìzula) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Cremona.

Isola Dovarese borders the following municipalities: Canneto sull'Oglio, Casalromano, Drizzona, Pessina Cremonese, Torre de' Picenardi, Volongo.

Volongo
Volongo (locally Ulònch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Cremona.

Volongo borders the following municipalities: Casalromano, Fiesse, Gambara, Isola Dovarese, Ostiano, Pessina Cremonese.
Polypera
Polypera is a monotypic genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Liparidae, the snailfishes. Its only species is Polypera simushirae which is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean at depths down to 833 metres (2,733 ft). This species grows to a length of 77 centimetres (30 in) TL and has been recorded at a maximum weight of 11 kilograms (24 lb). This species is the only known member of its genus. It is probably the largest of the snailfishes.

Snailfish
The snailfishes or sea snails (not to be confused with invertebrate sea snails), are a family of marine ray-finned fishes. These fishes make up the Liparidae, a family classified within the order Scorpaeniformes.

Widely distributed from the Arctic to Antarctic Oceans, including the oceans in between, the snailfish family contains more than 30 genera and about 410 described species, but there are also many undescribed species. Snailfish are found at depths ranging from shallow coastal waters to more than 8,300 m (27,200 ft), including in seven ocean trenches.
Hans Urs von Balthasar
Hans Urs von Balthasar (Swiss Standard German: [ˈhans ˈʊrs fɔn ˈbaltazaːr]; 12 August 1905 – 26 June 1988) was a Swiss theologian and Catholic priest who is considered one of the most important Catholic theologians of the 20th century. With Joseph Ratzinger and Henri de Lubac, he founded the theological journal Communio. Over the course of his life, he authored 85 books, over 500 articles and essays, and almost 100 translations. He is known for his 15-volume trilogy on beauty (The Glory of the Lord), goodness (Theo-Drama), and truth (Theo-Logic).

Pope John Paul II announced his choice of Balthasar to become a cardinal, but he died shortly before the consistory. Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI) said in his funeral oration for Balthasar that "he is right in what he teaches of the faith" and that he "points the way to the sources of living water."

Mysterium Paschale
Mysterium Paschale. The Mystery of Easter (German: Theologie der Drei Tage) is a 1969 book by the Swiss theologian and Catholic priest Hans Urs von Balthasar. The original German edition was published by Benziger Verlag, Einsiedeln. In 1983 it was reprinted by St. Benno-Verlag, Leipzig, including additions made to the second French edition Pâques le mystère, copyright 1981 by Les Edition du Cerf, Paris. The first English translation with an Introduction by Aidan Nichols, O.P., was published in 1990.
Ranfjorden
Ranfjorden is a fjord in the Helgeland district of Nordland county, Norway. The largest part of the fjord is in Rana Municipality, but the fjord also passes through the municipalities of Hemnes, Vefsn, Leirfjord, Nesna, and Dønna.

The Ranelva river meets the Ranfjord in at the town of Mo i Rana at the innermost part of the fjord. It then flows to the west for about 68 kilometres (42 mi) to where it meets the sea along the border of Dønna Municipality and Nesna Municipality.

The inner part of the fjord is lush, forested, and more heavily populated. The western parts of the fjord are narrow with steep sides and that area has few inhabitants. There is a narrow strait that connects to the Sørfjorden and Elsfjorden at the village of Hemnesberget. Two large rivers flow into the fjord: Ranelva and Røssåga. The European route E6 highway follows the part of the southern coast of the fjord on its way to Mo i Rana.

Leirfjord Municipality
Leirfjord is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Leland. Other villages in Leirfjord include Bardal and Sundøya. The large Helgeland Bridge is partly located in the municipality, connecting it to Alstahaug Municipality and the town of Sandnessjøen.

The 465-square-kilometre (180 sq mi) municipality is the 212th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Leirfjord Municipality is the 263rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,352. The municipality's population density is 5.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi) and its population has increased by 7.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Myllarguten
Torgeir Augundsson (1801 – 21 November 1872), better known as Myllarguten (meaning the Millerboy), is arguably the most acknowledged Norwegian folk musician to this day, and by far the most legendary. In his own local dialect, his given name is pronounced Targjei.

Serfdom in Norway
Norwegian serfdom can be a way of defining the position of the Norwegian lower class farmers, though they were not actually in serfdom by European standards. The evolution of this social system began about 1750.

The institution only applied in the Kingdom of Norway, not in the rest of Denmark-Norway. Iceland (a Norwegian dependency) had its own system of serfdom, while a somewhat similar institution, the stavnsbånd, existed in Denmark proper. Slavery was the backbone of the Dano-Norwegian colonies in the Caribbean.
Boulton & Paul Ltd
Boulton & Paul Ltd was a British general manufacturer from Norwich, England that became involved in aircraft manufacture.

Jeld Wen Inc. bought Boulton & Paul (along with another joinery company John Carr) from the Rugby Group plc in 1999 to form its British subsidiary.

Boulton Paul Bourges
The Boulton & Paul P.7 Bourges was a prototype British twin-engined biplane day bomber built by Boulton & Paul to replace the Airco DH.10 Amiens. Despite demonstrating excellent performance and manoeuvrability, only three prototypes were built, post World War I cost cutting leading to the DH.10 not being replaced.
Vámos matroid
In mathematics, the Vámos matroid or Vámos cube is a matroid over a set of eight elements that cannot be represented as a matrix over any field. It is named after English mathematician Peter Vámos, who first described it in an unpublished manuscript in 1968.

Matroid representation
In the mathematical theory of matroids, a matroid representation is a family of vectors whose linear independence relation is the same as that of a given matroid. Matroid representations are analogous to group representations; both types of representation provide abstract algebraic structures (matroids and groups respectively) with concrete descriptions in terms of linear algebra.

A linear matroid is a matroid that has a representation, and an F-linear matroid (for a field F) is a matroid that has a representation using a vector space over F. Matroid representation theory studies the existence of representations and the properties of linear matroids.
2009–10 KML season
The 2009–10 G4S Korvpalli Meistriliiga was the 85th season of the Estonian basketball league and the first under the title sponsorship of G4S. Tallinna Kalev/Cramo came into the season as defending champions of the 2008–09 KML season.

The season started on 13 October 2009 and concluded on 14 May 2010 with TÜ/Rock defeating Rakvere Tarvas 4 games to 2 in the 2015 KML Finals to win their 25th Estonian League title.

University of Tartu men's basketball team
Tartu Ülikooli korvpallimeeskond (English: University of Tartu men's basketball team), also known as Tartu Ülikool Maks & Moorits for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball team based in Tartu, Estonia. They are a part of the University of Tartu Academic Sports Club. The team plays in the Estonian-Latvian Basketball League and the Korvpalli Meistriliiga (KML). Their home arena is the University of Tartu Sports Hall.

University of Tartu teams have won a record 26 Estonian League championships, a record 17 Estonian Cup titles and one Soviet Union League championship.
Multivariate normal distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the multivariate normal distribution, multivariate Gaussian distribution, or joint normal distribution is a generalization of the one-dimensional (univariate) normal distribution to higher dimensions.  One definition is that a random vector is said to be k-variate normally distributed if every linear combination of its k components has a univariate normal distribution. Its importance derives mainly from the multivariate central limit theorem. The multivariate normal distribution is often used to describe, at least approximately, any set of (possibly) correlated real-valued random variables, each of which clusters around a mean value.

Nakagami distribution
The Nakagami distribution or the Nakagami-m distribution is a probability distribution related to the gamma distribution. 
The family of Nakagami distributions has two parameters: a shape parameter  and a scale parameter .
It is used to model physical phenomena such as those found in medical ultrasound imaging, communications engineering, meteorology, hydrology, multimedia, and seismology.
2021 European Dressage Championships
The 2021 FEI European Dressage Championships was held in Hagen, Germany, from 7 to 12 September 2021. Budapest in Hungary was supposed to organise the European Championships but withdrew after the postponement of the 2020 Olympic Games to 2021. First, the FEI announced there will be no European Championships for Dressage, but after several riders, trainers, owners and the European Equestrian Federation (EEF) insisted on a European Championship, Hagen volunteered to organise it. The European Championships for show-jumping will be also held in Germany, at the show location of Olympic gold-medalist Ludger Beerbaum in Riesenbeck.

The FEI decided to allocate the European Championships for Grand Prix riders under the age of 25 as well to Hagen. It is for the first time since the introduction of this European Championship that this championship will be combined with the Championship for the seniors. In 2016, Hagen also organised the first edition of the U25 European Championships.

European Dressage Championships
The European Dressage Championships are the European championships for the equestrian discipline of dressage. They are held every two years in odd-numbered years. Gold, silver, and bronze medals are awarded in both individual and team competitions. There are also championships held for juniors, young riders, and ponies. Since 2015, the competition has shared a site and branding with vaulting, reining, jumping, and driving events. For sponsorship reasons, eventing is not included, as it is part of the FEI European Championships, echoing the combined World Equestrian Games concept. The first official combined event took place in Aachen in 2015.
2001 Adelaide 500
The 2001 Adelaide 500, known for naming rights reasons as the 2001 Clipsal 500,  was the third running of the Adelaide 500 race. Racing was held form Friday 6 April until Sunday 8 April 2001. The race was held for V8 Supercars and was Round 2 of the 2001 Shell Championship Series.

Adelaide 500
The Adelaide 500, officially the BP Adelaide Grand Final,  is an annual motor racing event for Supercars held on the streets of the east end of Adelaide, South Australia between 1999 and 2020 and again from 2022. The event uses a shortened form of the Adelaide Street Circuit, the former Australian Grand Prix track. The event is still colloquially known as the Clipsal 500 or simply "Clipsal" after its former longtime sponsor. With attendance at around 250,000 in 2023, the Adelaide 500 is the most attended Supercars Championship race.

The event previously took place in February and March, contributing to what locals term "mad March", along with the Adelaide Festival, Adelaide Fringe, WOMADelaide and Adelaide Writers' Week, but after a hiatus in 2021, it returned in 2022 as the season finale in late November or early December.
Russian orthography
Russian orthography (Russian: правописа́ние, romanized: pravopisaniye, IPA: [prəvəpʲɪˈsanʲɪjə]) is an orthographic tradition formally considered to encompass spelling (Russian: орфогра́фия, romanized: orfografiya, IPA: [ɐrfɐˈɡrafʲɪjə]) and punctuation (Russian: пунктуа́ция, romanized: punktuatsiya, IPA: [pʊnktʊˈat͡sɨjə]). Russian spelling, which is mostly phonemic in practice, is a mix of morphological and phonetic principles, with a few etymological or historic forms, and occasional grammatical differentiation. The punctuation, originally based on Byzantine Greek, was in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries reformulated on the models of French and German orthography.

The IPA transcription attempts to reflect vowel reduction when not under stress. The sounds that are presented are those of the standard language; other dialects may have noticeably different pronunciations for the vowels.

Hard sign
The letter Ъ ъ (italics Ъ, ъ) of the Cyrillic script is known as er golyam (ер голям – "big er") in the Bulgarian alphabet, as the hard sign (Russian: твёрдый знак, romanized: tvjordyj znak, pronounced [ˈtvʲɵrdɨj ˈznak], Rusyn: твердый знак, romanized: tverdyj znak) in the modern Russian and Rusyn alphabets (although in Rusyn, ъ could also be known as ір), as the debelo jer (дебело їер, "fat er") in pre-reform Serbian orthography, and as ayirish belgisi in the Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. The letter is called back yer or back jer and yor or jor in the pre-reform Russian orthography, in Old Russian, and in Old Church Slavonic.

Originally the yer denoted an ultra-short or reduced mid rounded vowel. It is one of two reduced vowels that are collectively known as the yers in Slavic philology.
Dibdibo
Dibdibo is a reservoir named after the homonymous village, located in the Inticho woreda of the Tigray Region in Ethiopia. The earthen dam that holds the reservoir was built in 1999 by the Relief Society of Tigray.

Relief Society of Tigray
The Relief Society of Tigray (abbreviated REST; Tigrinya: ማሕበራዊ ረዲኤት ትግራይ or ማረት, Maret) is an NGO based in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. REST was founded in 1978 as an organisation providing relief efforts to civilians. As of 2008, Teklewoini Assefa served as Executive Director of REST. REST emerged as the humanitarian wing of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and has remained closely linked to TPLF. REST was active throughout the armed conflict of the 1980s, including during the devastating 1984–1985 famine. Since the 1990s it is the major NGO operating in Tigray.
Cocuța Conachi
Ecaterina Cocuța Conachi (2 April 1829 – 22 February 1870) was a Romanian princess and revolutionary. She is known for her activism and work for the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia.

She belonged to the Conachi family. Ecaterina Conachi married firstly in 1846, in Iași, Prince Nicolae Vogoride. They had four children. In 1864, she remarried in Rome, Prince Emanuele Ruspoli, with whom she had five children, among them Eugenio Ruspoli ((1866-01-06)6 January 1866, Țigănești – (1893-12-04)4 December 1893, Somalia) and Mario Ruspoli ((1867-10-16)16 October 1867, Țigănești – (1963-01-16)16 January 1963, Florence).

She died of paludism.

Nicolae Vogoride
Prince Nicolae Vogoride (Bulgarian: Никола or Николай Богориди, Nikola or Nikolay Bogoridi; Greek: Νικόλαος Βογορίδης, Nikolaos Vogoridis; Turkish: Nikolaki Bey; 1820 – 12 April 1863) was a caimacam (temporary replacement of Prince; from Turkish: kaymakam) who ruled Moldavia between 1857–1858, following the Crimean War.
Flavour (particle physics)
In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons. They are conventionally parameterized with flavour quantum numbers that are assigned to all subatomic particles. They can also be described by some of the family symmetries proposed for the quark-lepton generations.

Weak interaction
In nuclear physics and particle physics, the weak interaction, weak force or weak nuclear force, is one of the four known fundamental interactions, with the others being electromagnetism, the strong interaction, and gravitation. It is the mechanism of interaction between subatomic particles that is responsible for the radioactive decay of atoms: The weak interaction participates in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The theory describing its behaviour and effects is sometimes called quantum flavordynamics (QFD); however, the term QFD is rarely used, because the weak force is better understood by electroweak theory (EWT).

The effective range of the weak force is limited to subatomic distances and is less than the diameter of a proton.