hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pseudovermis
Pseudovermis is genus of minute sea slugs, specifically aolid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pseudovermidae.

These extremely small sea slugs are meiofauna; they live among sand grains. Pseudovermis means fake worm, because these slugs resemble minute worms.

Pseudovermidae
Pseudovermidae is a taxonomic family of minute nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs or micromolluscs, within the superfamily Cumanotoidea. These extremely small sea slugs are meiofauna, living among sand grains.
Crile (crater)
Crile is a tiny lunar impact crater. It is roughly circular and cup-shaped, with interior walls that slope down to the midpoint. The crater lies in the Palus Somni, between the Mare Crisium to the east and Mare Tranquillitatis to the west.

This formation was previously designated Proclus F before being renamed by the IAU in 1976. Proclus itself is located to the north-northeast. The crater was named for American surgeon George Washington Crile.

Proclus (crater)
Proclus is a young lunar impact crater located to the west of the Mare Crisium on the east shore of the Palus Somni. Its diameter is 27 km and it was named after 5th century Greek mathematician, astronomer and philosopher Proclus.

It lies to the south of the prominent, terraced crater Macrobius, and west-northwest of the lava-flooded Yerkes.
Indian Institutes of Technology
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of prestigious, autonomous public engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are under the purview of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India and are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961. The Act designates them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and governance framework as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. There are currently 23 IITs functioning under this act. Each IIT operates autonomously and is linked to the others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education (India) serves as the ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.

Reservation in India
Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that was established during the British Raj. Based on provisions in the Indian constitution, it allows the union government and the states and union territories of India to allocate a specific percentage of reserved quotas or seats, in higher education admissions, employment, political bodies, etc., for "socially and economically backward citizens". Since its implementation, reservation has been a subject of massive debates and controversies over its impact, execution and effectiveness, significantly shaping the agendas of political parties and the actions of social groups.
Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
Blackwood Bay
Blackwood Bay or Tahuahua Bay is a bay in Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand.

The bay has long held its dual name, though the meaning of Tahuahua is a bit of a puzzle. The bay was dubbed Dilmers Cove on Peter Fannin's map from James Cook's second expedition.

Robert Macalister
Sir Robert Lachlan Macalister (2 December 1890 – 23 May 1967) was the Mayor of Wellington from 1950 to 1956, and had been the acting mayor for five months in 1948 during the absence overseas of Will Appleton.
Hogeweyk
De Hogeweyk, operated by nursing home Hogewey, is a gated model village in Weesp, Netherlands. It has been designed specifically as a pioneering care facility for elderly people with dementia. The benefit of using all-day reminiscence therapy at Hogewey, compared to traditional nursing homes, is that the residents with dementia are more active and require less medication.

Weesp
Weesp (Dutch pronunciation: [ʋeːsp] ⓘ) is a city and an urban area in the municipality of Amsterdam in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It had a population of 20,445 in 2021. It lies on the river Vecht and next to the Amsterdam–Rhine Canal in an area called the Vechtstreek. The former municipality of Weesp merged with Amsterdam on 24 March 2022.
Blacksville, West Virginia
Blacksville is an Incorporated Town in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 118 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Morgantown metropolitan area.

The Town of Blacksville has a C1 Census Class Code which indicates an active incorporated place that does not serve as a county subdivision equivalent. It also has a Functional Status Code of "A" which identifies an active government providing primary general-purpose functions.

Morgantown metropolitan area
The Morgantown Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in North-Central West Virginia, anchored by the city of Morgantown. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 140,038.
North East Zone cricket team
North East Zone cricket team is a cricket team that plays first-class and List A cricket in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. The team is geographically based in Northeast India. They are currently being captained by Hokaito Zhimomi. It is a composite team of players from six teams from north east India: Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim.

Duleep Trophy
The Duleep Trophy is a domestic first-class cricket competition in India. Named after former cricketer Duleepsinhji, the competition has usually been contested by teams representing various geographical zones of India since the first tournament in 1961–62. There have been a few exceptions to the zonal format, such as the 2002–03 tournament, where five teams were formed based on Ranji Trophy groups, and the four editions held between 2016–17 and 2019–20, when the BCCI selected three teams called India Blue, Red and Green. The latest 2024-25 edition featured four teams named Team A, B, C and D.
Gongweixu Tunnel
Miaoli Tunnel, commonly known as Gongweixu Tunnel, is a former railway tunnel in Miaoli City, Miaoli County, Taiwan. In 2003, the tunnel was converted into a pedestrian walkway as part of Maolishan Park and is a popular tourist attraction.

Miaoli
Miaoli City (Wade–Giles: Miao²-li⁴-shih⁴; Hakka PFS: Mèu-li̍t-sṳ; Hokkien POJ: Biâu-le̍k-chhī or Miâu-le̍k-chhī; Japanese Byōritsushi) is a county-administered city and the county seat of Miaoli County, Taiwan. Miaoli has a relatively high percentage of Hakka people. It had the  second highest residential price and the highest commercial price for land in Miaoli County as of 2004, at NT$28,601 per square meter and NT$63,317 per square meter, respectively.
Adesmata
Adesmata is a suborder of centipedes within the order Geophilomorpha containing the superfamilies Geophiloidea and Himantarioidea. This suborder contains 13 families. All members of this suborder have ventral defensive glands.

Himantarioidea
Himantarioidea is a monophyletic superfamily of soil centipedes in the suborder Adesmata containing the families Oryidae, Himantariidae, and Schendylidae (including Ballophilidae). Centipedes in this superfamily share several distinctive traits. For example, the lateral parts of the labrum in these centipedes are fringed by denticles along the posterior margin. Furthermore, in this superfamily, the proximal (clypeal) part of the roof of the chamber leading to the mouth opening features clusters of spear-shaped sense organs. Moreover, each telopodite of the second maxillae in these centipedes ends in a pretarsus that is flattened at the tip.
Cave Rescue Organisation
The Cave Rescue Organisation (CRO) is a voluntary body based in the caving area of the Yorkshire Dales in northern England. Founded in 1935, it is the oldest cave rescue agency in the world.

Although it is staffed by volunteers and funded by donations, it is integrated into the emergency services and will be called out if the police are notified that there has been a caving incident. CRO often doubles as local mountain rescue and frequently rescues livestock which have become stuck in caves or on crags. In 1986 team member Dave Anderson drowned in Rowten Pot whilst attending an incident.

CRO publishes an annual incident report.

Caving in the United Kingdom
Recreational caving in the United Kingdom dates back to the mid-19th century. The four major caving areas of the United Kingdom are North Yorkshire, South Wales, Derbyshire, and the Mendips. Minor areas include Devon, Forest of Dean, North Wales, and the Scottish Highlands.

Caving grew in popularity in the 1950s and 60s through participation in caving clubs. There are about 4,000 active cavers in the UK and nearly twenty times that number who attend instructor-led courses each year in caves around the country. In addition, many tourists visit show caves such as Wookey Hole Caves.

Cave diving is a niche technical area of caving practised in the UK since the 1930s. This skill enables cavers to explore water-filled cave passages  in Britain, and around the world. In recent years, British cave divers have been called on internationally for cave rescues and recoveries.
Vyatsky Uyezd
Vyatsky Uyezd (Вятский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Vyatka Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Vyatka (Kirov).

Vyatka Governorate
Vyatka Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR from 1796 to 1929, with its capital in Vyatka (now Kirov). The area of the governorate roughly corresponds to modern-day Kirov Oblast and Udmurtia.

It was formed on territory of the historical lands of Vyatka (Latin: Veticiae).
Mano (singer)
Nagoor Babu, known by his stage name Mano, is an Indian playback singer, voice-over artist, actor, and composer. Mano has recorded more than 35,000 songs for film and private  various Telugu, Tamil, Bengali, Kannada, Malayalam, Hindi, Tulu, Konkani and Assamese films. He has also performed for over 3000 live concerts across the continents. He has recorded many songs for music director Ilaiyaraaja. Mano is also recognized for being as the full-fledged dubbing artist for Rajinikanth in Telugu from Muthu (1995) onwards.

Enakku 20 Unakku 18
Enakku 20 Unakku 18 (transl.  I Am 20, You Are 18) is a 2003 Indian romantic comedy film written and directed by A. M. Jyothi Krishna. The film stars Tarun, Trisha, and Shriya. It was filmed simultaneously in Tamil and Telugu; the latter titled Nee Manasu Naaku Telusu (transl.  I Know Your Heart) with Sunil and Tanikella Bharani, replacing Vivek and Manivannan, respectively. The film's score and soundtrack were composed by A. R. Rahman. This film marks the Telugu debut of Trisha and the Tamil debut of Shriya. The film had an average run at the box office. The soundtrack of the film gained a hit popularity among the youth audience.
Amita Sehgal
Amita Sehgal is a molecular biologist and chronobiologist in the Department of Neuroscience at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Sehgal was involved in the discovery of Drosophila TIM and many other important components of the Drosophila clock mechanism. Sehgal also played a pivotal role in the development of Drosophila as a model for the study of sleep. Her research continues to be focused on understanding the genetic basis of sleep  and also how circadian systems relate to other aspects of physiology.

Timeless (gene)
Timeless (tim) is a gene in multiple species but is most notable for its role in Drosophila for encoding TIM, an essential protein that regulates circadian rhythm. Timeless mRNA and protein oscillate rhythmically with time as part of a transcription-translation negative feedback loop involving the period (per) gene and its protein.
Whittington chimes
Whittington chimes, also called St. Mary's, are a family of clock chime melodies associated with St Mary-le-Bow church in London,: 5  which is related to the historical figure of Whittington by legend.
Whittington is usually the secondary chime selection for most chiming clocks, the first being the Westminster. It is also one of two clock chime melodies with multiple variations, the other being the Ave Maria chimes.

Before the name Whittington became common, the melody used to be referred to as “chimes on eight bells”. However, evidence suggests it was originally a chime on six bells – a melody that has not been in use at St Mary-le-Bow since 1666.  In 1905, based on what was known about the six-bell version, Sir Charles Villiers Stanford composed a new melody (still called Whittington chimes) that uses 11 out of the 12 bells in the tower of St Mary-le-Bow;: 5  this 11-bell version is the one now used at that church.

Grandfather clock
A grandfather clock (also a longcase clock, tall-case clock, grandfather's clock, hall clock or floor clock) is a tall, freestanding, weight-driven pendulum clock, with the pendulum held inside the tower or waist of the case. Clocks of this style are commonly 1.8–2.4 metres (6–8 feet) tall with an enclosed pendulum and weights, suspended by either cables or chains, that have to be occasionally calibrated to keep the proper time. The case often features elaborately carved ornamentation on the hood (or bonnet), which surrounds and frames the dial, or clock face.

The English clockmaker William Clement is credited with developing the form in 1670. Pendulum clocks were the world's most accurate timekeeping technology until the early 20th century. Furthermore, longcase clocks, due to their superior accuracy, served as time standards for households and businesses. Today, they are kept mainly for their decorative and antique value, having been superseded by analog and digital timekeepers.
Guillemundus
Guillemundus (also Guillemó) (died 827) was count of Razès and Conflent, in what is now southern France.

He was the son of Bera, Count of Barcelona. He received these counties from delegation of his father in 812. Guillemundus retained the counties when Bera was exiled to Rouen in 821/22. In 826 he joined the revolt of Aissó and, routed, fled to Córdoba.

Bera, Count of Barcelona
Bera (Catalan: Berà) (died 844) was the first count of Barcelona from 801 until his deposition in 820. He was also the count of Razès and Conflent from 790, and the count of Girona and Besalú from 812 (or 813 or 817) until his deposition.  In 811, he was witness to the last will and testament of Charlemagne.
Elyria station
Elyria station is an Amtrak station in Elyria, Ohio. Located at 410 East River Road, the building is a small bus stop-type shelter. Elyria is served by the Floridian and Lake Shore Limited routes, both of which pass through Elyria in the middle of the night.

Elyria, Ohio
Elyria (/əˈlɪəriə/ ə-LEER-ee-ə) is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The city is at the forks of the Black River in Northeast Ohio. The population was 52,656 at the 2020 census. Located 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Cleveland, it is part of the Cleveland metropolitan area and home to Lorain County Community College.
General Order No. 11 (1863)
General Order No. 11 is the title of a Union army directive issued during the American Civil War on August 25, 1863, forcing the abandonment of rural areas in four counties in western Missouri.  The order, issued by Union General Thomas Ewing, Jr., affected all rural residents regardless of their allegiance.  Those who could prove their loyalty to the Union were permitted to stay in the affected area, but had to leave their farms and move to communities near military outposts (see villagization).  Those who could not do so had to vacate the area altogether.

While intended to deprive pro-Confederate guerrillas of material support from the rural countryside, the severity of the order's provisions and the nature of its enforcement alienated vast numbers of civilians and ultimately led to conditions in which guerrillas were given greater support and access to supplies than before. It was repealed in January 1864, after a new general took command of Union forces in the region.

Jayhawker
Jayhawker is a term that came to prominence in Kansas Territory during the Bleeding Kansas period of the 1850s; it was adopted by militant bands affiliated with the free-state cause during the American Civil War. These groups were guerrillas who often clashed with pro-slavery groups from Missouri, known at the time in Kansas Territory as "Border Ruffians" or "Bushwhackers". After the Civil War, the word "Jayhawker" became synonymous with the people of Kansas, or anybody born in Kansas. Today a modified version of the term, Jayhawk, is used as a nickname for a native-born Kansan.
Stevenson High School (Lincolnshire, Illinois)
Adlai E. Stevenson High School (AESHS), commonly called Stevenson High School (SHS), is a four-year public high school located in Lincolnshire, Illinois, United States. It is named after Adlai E. Stevenson II, the 31st Governor of Illinois.

Prairie View, Lake County, Illinois
Prairie View is an unincorporated community located in northeastern Illinois, in southern Lake County. It is a part of Vernon Township (the Vernon Township building was previously located in Prairie View for many years). Prairie View has not been annexed entirely by either Lincolnshire or Buffalo Grove, although tiny portions of it have been.
Andrew J. O'Conor III House
The Andrew J. O'Conor III House, also referred to as Riverbend and Buena Vista, is a historic home in the city of Ottawa, Illinois, United States. The structure that exists today was originally constructed in 1848 and underwent a major remodeling in 1922.  The house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Ottawa, Illinois
Ottawa is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. It is located at the confluence of the navigable Fox River and Illinois River, the latter being a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago to the Mississippi River. The population was 18,840 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Ottawa, Illinois, micropolitan area.
Prix de Lieurey
The Prix de Lieurey is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at Deauville over a distance of 1,600 metres (about 1 mile), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.

Deauville-La Touques Racecourse
Hippodrome Deauville-La Touques is a race track for thoroughbred horse racing located in Deauville in the Calvados département, in the Normandy région of France. Originally called Hippodrome de la Touques, it was named for the Touques River that separates the city of Deauville from Trouville-sur-Mer. It was constructed in 1862 by Charles Auguste Louis Joseph, duc de Morny, the half brother of Napoleon III.

The countryside around Deauville is the main horse breeding region in France and home to numerous stud farms.
Shulgin Rating Scale
The Shulgin Rating Scale (or "quantitative potency scale") is a simple scale for reporting the subjective effect of psychoactive substances at a given dosage, and at a given time. The system was developed for research purposes by the American biochemist Alexander Shulgin, and published with co-authors Ann Shulgin and Peyton Jacob, III, in a 1986 issue of the journal Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology. It was later described in the Shulgins' popular 1991 book PIHKAL: A Chemical Love Story.

Ann Shulgin
Laura Ann Shulgin (née Gotlieb; March 22, 1931 – July 9, 2022) was an American author and the wife of chemist Alexander Shulgin, with whom she wrote the books PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) and TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved).
Shane Richardson (rugby league)
Shane Richardson is the CEO of the Australian National Rugby League team, the Wests Tigers. 
Richardson started with the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in 1993 and stayed for five years before joing Hull F.C. in the English Super League. Richardson returned in 2002, joining the Penrith Panthers, and then the South Sydney Rabbitohs in 2004.

Wests Tigers
The Wests Tigers are an Australian rugby league football team, based in the Inner West of Sydney and South Western Sydney. The Tigers have competed in the National Rugby League (NRL) since being formed at the end of the 1999 NRL season as a joint-venture club between the Balmain Tigers and the Western Suburbs Magpies.

The Wests Tigers started playing in the 2000 NRL season and they won their maiden premiership in 2005. The club also won the final edition of the World Sevens in 2004. The club has only qualified for three finals series since their inception (2005, 2010 and 2011).

The Wests Tigers play home games at two grounds: Leichhardt Oval (the home ground of Balmain) and Campbelltown Stadium (the home ground of Western Suburbs). They are currently coached by Benji Marshall.

The interim CEO is currently Shaun Mielekamp.
Performative utterance
In the philosophy of language and speech acts theory, performative utterances are sentences which not only describe a given reality, but also change the social reality they are describing.

In a 1955 lecture series, later published as How to Do Things with Words, J. L. Austin argued against a positivist philosophical claim that the utterances always "describe" or "constate" something and are thus always true or false. After mentioning several examples of sentences which are not so used, and not truth-evaluable (among them nonsensical sentences, interrogatives, directives and "ethical" propositions), he introduces "performative" sentences or illocutionary act as another instance.

In 1971, it was referred to by Johnathan Miller in his discussion on UK immigration with Enoch Powell on the Dick Cavett show.

How to Do Things with Words
How to Do Things with Words is a posthumously published book of lectures by the English philosopher J. L. Austin. First issued in 1962 by Clarendon Press and Harvard University Press, it is based on the William James Lectures that Austin delivered at Harvard University in 1955. The work is widely regarded as the founding text of speech act theory and a classic of ordinary language philosophy and linguistic pragmatics.

In the lectures Austin introduces and develops the notion of a performative utterance, analyses the conditions under which such utterances are happy or unhappy, and ultimately replaces the simple contrast between constative and performative sentences with a more general theory of locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts. The book has had a lasting impact on philosophy, linguistics, literary theory, legal theory and other disciplines concerned with language and communication.