hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hopf–Rinow theorem
The Hopf–Rinow theorem is a set of statements about the geodesic completeness of Riemannian manifolds. It is named after Heinz Hopf and his student Willi Rinow, who published it in 1931. Stefan Cohn-Vossen extended part of the Hopf–Rinow theorem to the context of certain types of metric spaces.

Intrinsic metric
In the mathematical study of metric spaces, one can consider the arclength of paths in the space.  If two points are at a given distance from each other, it is natural to expect that one should be able to get from the first point to the second along a path whose arclength is equal to (or very close to) that distance.  The distance between two points of a metric space relative to the intrinsic metric is defined as the infimum of the lengths of all paths from the first point to the second.  A metric space is a length metric space if the intrinsic metric agrees with the original metric of the space.

If the space has the stronger property that there always exists a path that achieves the infimum of length (a geodesic) then it is called a geodesic metric space. For instance, the Euclidean plane is a geodesic space, with line segments as its geodesics. The Euclidean plane with the origin removed is not geodesic, but is still a length metric space.
Herring as food
Herring are forage fish in the wild, mostly belonging to the family Clupeidae. They are an important food for humans. Herring often move in large schools around fishing banks and near the coast. The most abundant and commercially important species belong to the genus Clupea, found particularly in shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, including the Baltic Sea, as well as off the west coast of South America. Three species of Clupea are recognized; the main taxon, the Atlantic herring, accounts for over half the world's commercial capture of herrings.

Herrings played a pivotal role in the history of marine fisheries in Europe, and early in the twentieth century, their study was fundamental to the evolution of fisheries science. These oily fish also have a long history as an important food fish, and are often salted, smoked, or pickled.

Smoked fish
Smoked fish is fish that has been cured by smoking. Foods have been smoked by humans throughout history. Originally this was done as a preservative. In more recent times, fish is readily preserved by refrigeration and freezing and the smoking of fish is generally done for the unique taste and flavour imparted by the smoking process.
Flower snark
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the flower snarks form an infinite family of snarks introduced by Rufus Isaacs in 1975.

As snarks, the flower snarks are connected, bridgeless cubic graphs with chromatic index equal to 4. The flower snarks are non-planar and non-Hamiltonian, though they are 1-planar. 
The flower snarks  J5 and J7 have book thickness 3 and queue number 2.

Cubic graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a  cubic graph is a graph in which all vertices have degree three. In other words, a cubic graph is a 3-regular graph. Cubic graphs are also called trivalent graphs.

A bicubic graph is a cubic bipartite graph.
Église Saint-Polycarpe
The Église Saint-Polycarpe (French pronunciation: [eɡliz sɛ̃ pɔlikaʁp] ⓘ, Church of St. Polycarp) is a Roman Catholic church located in the 1st arrondissement of Lyon, on the slopes of La Croix-Rousse, between rue René Leynaud, rue Burdeau and passages Mermet and Thiaffait. It is the oldest church of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri.

1st arrondissement of Lyon
The 1st arrondissement of Lyon (French: 1e arrondissement de Lyon) is one of the nine arrondissements of the City of Lyon. It is located below the hill of Croix-Rousse and on the north part of the Presqu'île formed by the Saône and the Rhône, the two rivers in Lyon.

This zone is served by the metro lines  and .
William Chester Minor
William Chester Minor (also known as W. C. Minor; 22 June 1834 – 26 March 1920) was an American army surgeon, psychiatric hospital patient, and lexicographical researcher.

After serving in the Union Army during the American Civil War, Minor moved to England. Affected by delusions, he shot a man who he believed had broken into his room, and was consequently committed from 1872 to 1910 to a secure British psychiatric hospital.

While incarcerated, Minor became an important contributor to the Oxford English Dictionary. He was one of the project's most effective volunteers, reading through his large personal library of antiquarian books and compiling quotations that illustrated how particular words were used.

In 1910, responding to protests about Minor's treatment, Winston Churchill, then British home secretary, ordered Minor deported to the United States. Minor was hospitalized in Connecticut, where he died in 1920.

The Surgeon of Crowthorne
The Surgeon of Crowthorne: A Tale of Murder, Madness and the Love of Words is a non-fiction history book by British writer Simon Winchester, first published in England in 1998. It was retitled The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary in the United States and Canada.
Erfjorden
Erfjorden is a fjord in the municipalities Suldal and Hjelmeland in Rogaland county, Norway. The 16-kilometre (9.9 mi) long fjord begins at the small village of Tysse in Suldal and heads south past the village of Hålandsosen before making a sharp turn to the west before emptying into the larger Nedstrandsfjorden. The Erfjord Bridge crosses the fjord, just north of Hålandsosen.  The innermost part of the fjord (north of the bridge) is sometimes referred to as the Tyssefjorden.

Erfjord Bridge
Erfjord Bridge (Norwegian: Erfjord bru) is a suspension bridge in the municipality of Suldal in Rogaland county, Norway.  The bridge was completed in November 1963 and it crosses the Erfjorden as part of the Norwegian National Road 13, a main road between the cities of Bergen and Stavanger in Western Norway.

The concrete and steel bridge has a total length of 294 metres (965 ft) which is made up of three spans, the longest span measuring 228 metres (748 ft).  The sailing clearance below the bridge is 23 metres (75 ft).
Idharkuthane Aasaipattai Balakumara
Idharkuthane Aasaipattai Balakumara (transl. Isn't this what you wished for, Balakumara?) also referred to as iDhaaba, is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film, written and directed by Gokul. Produced by Leo Visions, the film stars Vijay Sethupathi, Ashwin, Swathi, Nandita, and Pasupathy. It was released on 2 October 2013, and became a success. The film was remade in Kannada as Jackson (2015).

Jackson (2015 film)
Jackson is a 2015 Indian Kannada romantic comedy film directed by Sanath Kumar, a former editor who worked mostly with director Yogaraj Bhat, making his directorial debut. The film stars Duniya Vijay, Paavana Gowda along with Rangayana Raghu. The film is an official remake of the Tamil blockbuster film Idharkuthane Aasaipattai Balakumara (2013) which was directed by Gokul. The film opened on the screens on 15 January 2015.
John Mayall
John Brumwell Mayall OBE (29 November 1933 – 22 July 2024) was an English blues and rock musician, songwriter and producer. In the 1960s, he formed John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers, a band that has counted among its members some of the most famous blues and blues rock musicians of all-time. A singer, guitarist, harmonica player, and keyboardist, he had a career that spanned nearly seven decades, remaining an active musician until his death aged 90. Mayall has often been referred to as the "godfather of the British blues", and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the musical influence category in 2024.

Larry Taylor
Samuel Lawrence Taylor (June 26, 1942 – August 19, 2019) was an American bass guitarist, best known for his work as a member of the blues rock band Canned Heat. Before joining Canned Heat, he had been a session bassist for The Monkees and Jerry Lee Lewis. He was the younger brother of Mel Taylor, longtime drummer of The Ventures.
Meydenbauer Center
Meydenbauer Center is a convention center in Bellevue, Washington.  It is located adjacent to Bellevue City Hall and Interstate 405.  The center opened in 1993.  It has a 36,000-square-foot (3,300 m2) exhibition hall, a 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m2) meeting room, a 410-seat performing arts theatre, and 434 parking spaces. In 2009 the center added a 2,500 sqft executive center that includes three meeting rooms. Meydenbauer Center hosts over 300 events each year including conventions, corporate meetings and events, and trade shows.

It is owned and operated by Bellevue Convention Center Authority (BCCA). The BCCA Board of Directors are appointed by the Bellevue City Manager and confirmed by the Bellevue City Council.

Bellevue City Hall
The Bellevue City Hall is a government office building and city hall in Bellevue, Washington. The current city hall, located in Downtown Bellevue, opened in 2006 after the $121 million renovation of a former Qwest data center. The data center, originally built for Pacific Northwest Bell in 1983, was acquired by the city government in 2002 for use by the Bellevue Police Department and later approved as the new city hall. It incorporates use of wood interiors and a terra cotta exterior that has been recognized with several design awards since its opening.

The city hall replaced an older office complex outside of downtown that was originally built in 1964. The site was renovated and expanded in 1978, but was slated for replacement a decade later. It was demolished in 2007 and replaced with a Lexus car dealership. The current city hall is located adjacent to the Bellevue Transit Center and will be home to a light rail station that opens in 2023.
Interstate 64
Interstate 64 (I-64) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the Eastern United States. Its western terminus is at I-70, U.S. Route 40 (US 40), and US 61 in Wentzville, Missouri. Its eastern terminus is at the Bowers Hill Interchange with I-264 and I-664 at Bower's Hill in Chesapeake, Virginia. I-64 connects Greater St. Louis, the Louisville metropolitan area, the Lexington–Fayette metropolitan area, the Charleston, WV metropolitan area, the Greater Richmond Region, and Hampton Roads.

Bowers Hill Interchange
The Bowers Hill interchange is a large interchange complex where the Hampton Roads Beltway intersects with Interstate 264 (I-264) as well as Military Highway, which carries the three U.S. Highways. It is named for the unincorporated community surrounding it, Bowers Hill, Virginia, which itself is a part of the independent city of Chesapeake, Virginia.
AD Almería
Agrupación Deportiva Almería was a Spanish football club based in Almería, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1971, it held home matches at Estadio Municipal Juan Rojas, with a 13,468-seat capacity.

Estadio Municipal Juan Rojas
Estadio Municipal Juan Rojas is a rugby stadium in Almería, Spain. It was initially used as the stadium of football club AD Almería as well as UD Almería matches until it was replaced by Estadio de los Juegos Mediterráneos in 2004. The capacity of the stadium is 13,468 spectators.

In 2017, the stadium was partially demolished to expand the pitch, in order to be able to host the rugby union matches of the local team UR Almería. It was finally re-inaugurated on 8 September 2018.
John N. Mitchell
John Newton Mitchell (September 15, 1913 – November 9, 1988) was the 67th attorney general of the United States under President Richard Nixon. He also was chairman of Nixon's 1968 and 1972 presidential campaigns. Prior to that, he had been a municipal bond lawyer and one of Nixon's associates. Mitchell was tried and convicted as a result of his involvement in the Watergate scandal.

After his tenure as U.S. Attorney General, he served as chairman of Nixon's 1972 presidential campaign. Due to multiple crimes he committed in the Watergate affair, Mitchell was sentenced to prison in 1977 and served 19 months. Despite this, he was noted for personifying the "law-and-order" positions of the Nixon administration as attorney general, amid several high-profile anti-Vietnam War demonstrations.

Mudge Rose Guthrie Alexander & Ferdon
Mudge Rose Guthrie Alexander & Ferdon was a prominent New York City law firm founded in 1869. The firm was later known as Nixon, Mudge, Rose, Guthrie, & Alexander, and was subsequently again renamed as Mudge, Rose, Guthrie & Alexander.

The firm is best known best as the law firm where Richard Nixon relaunched his career following his losses in the 1960 presidential election and 1962 California gubernatorial election. Plagued with internal fights for leadership and management authority in the firm, combined with defections of some of its largest clients, the firm was dissolved in 1995. At the time, it employed approximately 190 attorneys.
Fagerhaugen
Fagerhaugen is a village in Oppdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E6 highway, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northeast of the village of Oppdal. Fagerhaugen is located just south of the municipal border with Rennebu Municipality. In 1921, Fagerhaug Church was built in the village.

Fagerhaugen previously had a train station along the Dovrebanen railway line, but the station is no longer in use.

The Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug is located on the south side of the village. It is used by MFL (Midtnorsk Fly- og Luftsportsenter) for various aviation sport activities, such as parachuting and gliding. This is the home base for NTNU Parachute Club and NTH Soaring Club.

Fagerhaug Church
Fagerhaug Church (Norwegian: Fagerhaug kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Oppdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Fagerhaug in the northern part of the municipality. It is the church for the Fagerhaug parish which is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The red, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1921. The church seats about 150 people.
2013 Eastern Illinois Panthers football team
The 2013 Eastern Illinois Panthers football team represented Eastern Illinois University as a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) during the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by Dino Babers in his second and final season as head coach, the Panthers compiled an overall record of 12–2 overall with a mark of 8–0 in conference play, winning the OVC title for the second consecutive season. Eastern Illinois earned the conference's automatic bid into the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where the Panthers defeated Tennessee State in the second round before losing to Towson in the quarterfinals. The team played home games at O'Brien Field in Charleston, Illinois.

On December 18, Babers resigned to become the head football coach at Bowling Green State University.

2013 Tennessee State Tigers football team
The 2013 Tennessee State Tigers football team represented Tennessee State University as a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) in the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by fourth-year head coach Rod Reed and played their home games at LP Field and at Hale Stadium. Tennessee State finished the season 10–4 overall and 6–2 in OVC play to place second. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where they defeated Butler in the first round before losing to Eastern Illinois in the second round.
JS Chōkai
JS Chōkai (DDG-176) is a Kongō-class guided missile destroyer in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). Chōkai was named after Mount Chōkai. She was laid down by IHI Corporation in Tokyo on 29 May 1995 and was launched on 27 August 1996. Commissioning happened on March 20, 1998.

Kongō-class destroyer
The Kongō class (こんごう型護衛艦, Kongō-gata Goeikan) of guided-missile destroyers in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force are equipped with the Aegis Combat System, and is the first of few ship classes outside the United States to have that capability. Following a decision made in December 2003, Japan is upgrading their Kongo-class destroyers with Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System. The upgrade involves a series of installations and flight tests to take place from 2007 to 2010. JS Kongo was the first ship to have the BMD upgrade installed.
Hill tetrahedron
In geometry, the Hill tetrahedra are a family of space-filling tetrahedra.  They were discovered in 1896 by M. J. M. Hill, a professor of mathematics at the University College London, who showed that they are scissor-congruent to a cube.

Space-filling polyhedron
In geometry, a space-filling polyhedron is a polyhedron that can be used to fill all of three-dimensional space via translations, rotations and/or reflections, where filling means that; taken together, all the instances of the polyhedron constitute a partition of three-space. Any periodic tiling or honeycomb of three-space can, in fact, be generated by translating a primitive cell polyhedron.
Interstate 393
Interstate 393 (I-393) is a 4.6-mile (7.4 km) east–west auxiliary Interstate Highway extending from I-93 at Concord to Pembroke, New Hampshire. The primary purpose of the road is to bypass a densely built commercial strip on New Hampshire Route 9 (NH 9) in the eastern part of Concord. Several times a year, I-393 also serves traffic to events at New Hampshire Motor Speedway in Loudon. I-393 runs concurrently with US Route 4 (US 4) and US 202 for its entire length.

New Hampshire Route 106
New Hampshire Route 106 is a 34.535-mile-long (55.579 km) secondary north–south highway in Merrimack and Belknap counties in central New Hampshire. It connects the town of Pembroke with Meredith in the Lakes Region.

The first green LED traffic light in the nation was installed at the junction of NH 106 and Loudon Road on May 17, 1996.

The southern terminus of NH 106 is at U.S. Route 3 in Pembroke just south of the Concord city line. The northern terminus is also at US 3, south of Meredith.
Falcon Dam
Falcon Dam (Spanish: Presa Falcón) is an earthen embankment dam on the Rio Grande between Starr County in the U.S. state of Texas and the city of Nueva Ciudad Guerrero in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. The dam was built for water conservation, irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, flood control, and recreational purposes and as an international border crossing between Zapata and Starr Counties and Tamaulipas. Construction on the dam began in December 1950 and ended in April 1954, but it was dedicated by Mexican President Adolfo Ruiz Cortines and U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in October 1953.

Lake Falcon Dam International Crossing
The Lake Falcon Dam International Crossing is a bridge across the Rio Grande south of Falcon Lake. The dam connects the United States-Mexico border cities of Falcon Heights, Texas and Nueva Ciudad Guerrero, Tamaulipas. The dam is also known as "Falcon Dam", "Puente San Juan", "Presa Falcón" and "Bordo Internacional de la Presa".
La Mécanique du Cœur
La Mécanique du Cœur is the sixth studio album by the French band Dionysos, released on 5 November 2007. The title can be translated as the mechanics of the heart; the album complements the book of the same name written by Mathias Malzieu, the band's frontman. The album has sold over 75,000 copies, making it a Gold Disc, and has been adapted into a film directed by Malzieu.

Jack and the Cuckoo-Clock Heart
Jack and the Cuckoo-Clock Heart is a 2013 French animated musical romantic fantasy film based on the novel La Mécanique du cœur written by musician Mathias Malzieu and the concept album by French rock band Dionysos, which he is the frontman for and who also composed the film's music.

The original French version, Jack et la mécanique du cœur, which literally translates as Jack and the Mechanic of the Heart, was released in October 2013, with English, German, Finnish, and Spanish versions being released in 2014.
DYES-FM
DYES (102.7 FM), broadcasting as 102.7 Easy Rock, is a radio station owned and operated by MBC Media Group through its licensee Pacific Broadcasting System. The station's studio is located at Eggling Subd., Busay Hills, Cebu City and its transmitter is located at Legacy Village, Brgy. Kalunasan, Cebu City.

DYBU-FM
DYBU (97.9 FM), broadcasting as 97.9 Love Radio, is a radio station owned and operated by MBC Media Group. The station's studio is located at Room 303, 3/F Doña Luisa Bldg., Fuente Osmeña, Cebu City, and its transmitter is located at Legacy Village, Brgy. Kalunasan, Cebu City. DYBU is the pioneer music station in Cebu and it operates round-the-clock.
Oh! Pleasant Hope
Oh! Pleasant Hope is the sixth album by American rock group Blue Cheer, and their final album until 1984's The Beast Is Back. It features less psychedelia and hard rock and includes more folk rock elements. This is an unusual Blue Cheer album in that Dickie Peterson only sings lead on three songs. Another unusual aspect is that the song "I'm the Light" features extensive use of the sitar and synthesizer, although on the previous album The Original Human Being the song "Babaji (Twilight Raga)" also featured extensive use of the aforementioned instruments.

The Beast Is Back
The Beast Is Back is the seventh album by a newly reformed Blue Cheer, 13 years after their previous album, Oh! Pleasant Hope (1971). It contains re-recorded versions of some of the band's most popular songs from their late-1960s heyday as well as new material. The album features founding members Dickie Peterson and Paul Whaley. Original guitarist Leigh Stephens did not participate in the reunion.

The Beast Is Back has been released with three different album covers.
LMS Princess Royal Class
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Princess Royal Class is a class of express passenger 4-6-2 steam locomotive designed by William Stanier.  Twelve examples were built at Crewe Works, between 1933 and 1935, for use on the West Coast Main Line.  Two are preserved.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Karachi Division
Karachi Division (Urdu: کراچی ڈویژن ) is an administrative division of the Sindh Province of Pakistan created in December 1960. There are seven districts in Karachi Division. CNIC code of Karachi Division is 42. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Karachi Division is 20,382,881 (20 million).

Korangi District
Korangi District (Sindhi: ڪورنگي ضلعو; Urdu: ضلع کورنگی) is one of the seven administrative districts of Karachi Division, created in 2013 after the area's split from Karachi East District. Located in eastern Karachi in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, its population was 3,127,976 at the 2023 census.
Darcel Clark
Darcel Denise Clark (born April 2, 1962) is an American attorney and prosecutor who has served as the Bronx County District Attorney since 2016. Clark is the first woman to hold that office, and the first woman of color to serve as a district attorney in the history of the State of New York.

Prior to being elected district attorney, Clark served as a judge on New York City Criminal Court and subsequently on the New York Supreme Court in the Bronx and in that court's Appellate Division.

Bronx County District Attorney
The Bronx County District Attorney is the elected district attorney for Bronx County, which is coterminous with the Borough of the Bronx, in New York City. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws. (Federal law in the Bronx is prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York). The current Bronx County District Attorney is Darcel Clark.