hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Home Affairs (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (Malay: Kementerian Dalam Negeri; Jawi: كمنترين دالم نڬري‎), abbreviated KDN, MOHA, is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for home affairs: law enforcement, public security, public order,   population registry, immigration, foreign workers, management of societies, anti-drug, publication / printing / distribution of printed materials, film control, management of volunteer, rehabilitation and implementation of punishment.

The Minister of Home Affairs administers his functions through the Ministry of Home Affairs and a range of other government agencies. The current Minister of Home Affairs is Saifuddin Nasution Ismail, whose term began on 3 December 2022.

Interior ministry
An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement.

In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security, immigration issues and protecting places of detention.

Structurally, an interior ministry is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government. In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects.
North Coast railway line, Queensland
The North Coast railway line (NCL) is a 1,681-kilometre (1,045 mi) 1067 mm gauge railway line in Queensland, Australia. It commences at Roma Street station, Brisbane, and largely parallels the Queensland coast to Cairns in Far North Queensland. The line is electrified between Brisbane and Rockhampton. Along the way, the 1,680-kilometre (1,040 mi) railway passes through the numerous towns and cities of eastern Queensland including Nambour, Bundaberg, Gladstone, Rockhampton, Mackay and Townsville. The line through the centre of Rockhampton runs down the middle of Denison Street.

Cairns railway station
Cairns railway station is a railway station in the Cairns CBD in the Cairns Region, Queensland, Australia, serving the city of Cairns. The station is the terminus of the North Coast railway line from Brisbane and the terminus for the Tablelands railway line to the Atherton Tableland. Two tourist railway services operate from here: the Kuranda Scenic Railway and the Savannahlander. The station has two platforms. It is integrated with the Cairns Central Shopping Centre, with the platforms being built underneath parking areas.
Archdiocese of Boston
The Archdiocese of Boston (Latin: Archidiœcesis Bostoniensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in eastern Massachusetts in the United States. Its mother church is the Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Boston.

The Diocese of Boston was erected in 1808, branching off from the Diocese of Baltimore. It grew rapidly during the 19th century; today it is the fourth largest archdiocese in the United States. Starting in 2002, the archdiocese faced a sexual abuse scandal which touched off investigations of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases throughout the United States. Richard G. Henning is the archbishop.

Jean-Louis Lefebvre de Cheverus
Jean-Louis Anne Madelain Lefebvre de Cheverus (also known as John Cheverus; 28 January 1768 – 19 July 1836) was a French-born Catholic prelate who served as the first bishop of Boston. He later served as bishop of Montauban and archbishop of Bordeaux, both in France. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1836.
Bulgarian National Bank Government Securities Settlement System
The Bulgarian National Bank Government Securities Settlement System or BNBGSSS, sometimes referred to as the Government Securities Depository (GSD), is one of two central securities depositories (CSDs) in Bulgaria, together with Central Depository AD. The main CSD for Bulgarian government securities, it is owned and operated by the Bulgarian National Bank.

BNBGSSS is one of three remaining central-bank-operated CSDs in the European Exchange Rate Mechanism that are mainly aimed at deposits of government securities, together with the National Bank of Belgium Securities Settlement System (NBB-SSS) and the Bank of Greece Securities Settlement System (BOGS). Other euro-area countries had similar systems in the past but have phased them out, e.g. France in 1995,: 283  Finland in 1996, Italy in 2000, and Spain in 2003.

Bank of Greece Securities Settlement System
The Bank of Greece Securities Settlement System or BOGS, also known as the System for Monitoring Transactions in Book-Entry Securities, is one of two central securities depositories (CSDs) in Greece, together with ATHEXCSD. The main CSD for Greek government securities, it is owned and operated by the Bank of Greece.
Castlewellan
Castlewellan (from Irish  Caisleán Uidhilín 'Hugelin's Castle') is a small town in County Down, in the south-east of Northern Ireland close to the Irish Sea. It is beside Castlewellan Lake and Slievenaslat mountain, 11 miles (18 km) southwest of Downpatrick. It lies between the Mourne Mountains and Slieve Croob. It had a population of 2,782 people in the 2011 census.

Castlewellan has a wide main street which runs through two main squares lined with chestnut trees. The town was designed by a French architect for the Annesley family. The Annesley family did not always own the land as they bought it from the Maginess family, then owners of what is now Castlewellan Christian Conference Centre and Castlewellan Forest Park. Castlewellan is unique within Ireland due to its tree-lined squares both in the old town (upper square) and new town (lower square) as well as its very wide main street. The old market house in the upper square was built in 1764 and now houses the public library.

Downpatrick
Downpatrick (from Irish Dún Pádraig, meaning 'Patrick's fort') is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the Lecale peninsula, about 21 mi (34 km) south of Belfast. In the Middle Ages, it was the capital of the Dál Fiatach, the main ruling dynasty of Ulaid. Its cathedral is said to be the burial place of Saint Patrick. Today, it is the county town of Down and the joint headquarters of Newry, Mourne and Down District Council.
Downpatrick had a population of 11,545 according to the 2021 Census.
Trolleybuses in Parma
The Parma trolleybus system (Italian: Rete filoviaria di Parma) forms part of the public transport network of the city and comune of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.  In operation since 1953, the system presently comprises four urban routes.

Parma railway station
Parma (Italian: Stazione di Parma) is a railway station serving the city of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. The station opened in 1859 and is located on the Milan–Bologna railway, Pontremolese railway (to La Spezia), Brescia–Parma railway and Parma–Suzzara railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia, Trenord and Ferrovie Emilia Romagna.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI). However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni. Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.
White City Stadium
White City Stadium in London, England, was built for the 1908 Summer Olympics. It hosted the finish of the first modern marathon and swimming, speedway, boxing, show jumping, athletics, stock car racing, concerts and a match at the 1966 World Cup.

From 1927, it was a venue for greyhound racing, hosting the English Greyhound Derby until its closure in 1984. The stadium was demolished in 1985 and the site is now occupied by White City Place.

White City was also used for stock car racing in the early seventies when Spedeworth promoted racing on Friday nights usually alternate Fridays to their Walthamstow promotions.

Rugby union at the 1908 Summer Olympics
Rugby union at the 1908 Summer Olympics. The event was summarised under the "Football" heading along with association football. The host Great Britain was represented by Cornwall, the 1908 county champion. Defending Olympic champions France withdrew, leaving Australasia, (represented in rugby by the Australia national team exclusively) as the only other remaining entrant.
Togiavalu Pihigia
Togiavalu Pihigia is a Niuean politician and former Speaker of the Niue Assembly.

He was elected Speaker of the House by the Niue Assembly on 12 April 2014 by a 12–8 vote. In 2020 he lost the position to Hima Douglas.

Hima Douglas
Hima Ikimotu Douglas or Hima Takelesi is a Niuean broadcaster, diplomat, and politician who has served as the Speaker of the Niue Assembly since 2020. Douglas was High Commissioner of Niue to New Zealand from 2001 to 2004.
Nagmani Kushwaha
Nagmani Kushwaha  (born 15 Jan 1953) is an Indian politician from Bihar and Jharkhand. He is the son of another Bihar politician and Social ReformerJagdeo Prasad, in whose party Shoshit Samaj Dal, Nagmani started his career. He has served as an MLA for Kurtha as well as an MP for Chatra. Nagmani is known for the frequency with which he changes parties - As of 2014, he had changed political affiliations 11 times.

He announced the formation of Rashtriya Shoshit Samaj Party on 13 September 2021.

Jagdeo Prasad
Babu Jagdeo Prasad Kushwaha (2 February 1922 – 5 September 1974), alternatively spelled as Jagdev Prasad and popularly known as Jagdev Babu, was an Indian politician and a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly who served as Bihar's deputy chief minister in 1968 for four days in the Satish Prasad Singh cabinet. A great socialist and a proponent of Arjak culture, he was the founder of Shoshit Dal (later Shoshit Samaj Dal) and was a staunch antagonist and critic of India's caste system. He was nicknamed as the "Lenin of Bihar".
West Chester United SC
West Chester United SC is an American soccer club based in West Chester, Pennsylvania that currently competes in both the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) and USL League Two. The organization also fields a side in the United Soccer League of Pennsylvania, a fully-amateur state league.

West Chester, Pennsylvania
West Chester is a borough and the county seat of Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in the Philadelphia metropolitan area, the borough had a population of 18,671 at the 2020 census. West Chester is the mailing address for most of its neighboring townships.

Much of the West Chester University North Campus and the Chester County government are located within the borough. The center of town is located at the intersection of Market and High Streets.
Hampton hump
Hampton's hump, also called Hampton hump, is a radiologic sign which consists of a shallow wedge-shaped opacity in the periphery of the lung with its base against the pleural surface. It is named after Aubrey Otis Hampton, who first described it in 1940. Hampton's hump along with Westermark sign may aid in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, although they are rare and their sensitivities and interoperator reliabilities are low. If the sign is present in an image, there is a high chance that the person has a pulmonary embolism, but when the sign is absent a pulmonary embolism is not ruled out.

Westermark sign
In chest radiography, the Westermark sign is a sign that represents a focus of oligemia (hypovolemia) (leading to collapse of vessel) seen distal to a pulmonary embolism (PE). While the chest x-ray is normal in the majority of PE cases, the Westermark sign is seen in 2% of patients.

Essentially, this is a plain X-ray version of a filling defect as seen on computed tomography pulmonary arteriogram.

The sign results from a combination of:

the dilation of the pulmonary arteries proximal to the embolus and

the collapse of the distal vasculature creating the appearance of a sharp cut off on chest radiography.
Fowler Report
The Fowler Report, released on March 14, 2000, is a United Nations report that described the actions undertaken to support the illicit diamond trade by European companies like De Beers, African and European governments, in particular it singled out the diamond industry in Antwerp, Belgium , including that of Angola and the political wing of UNITA, violated the Lusaka Protocol as well as UN-imposed sanctions. Robert Fowler, Canada's ambassador to the United Nations, headed the commission that compiled the report, which raised widespread international concern by highlighting the strong link between the illicit diamond trade and third world conflicts.

Robert Fowler (diplomat)
Robert R. Fowler OC (born 18 August 1944) is a Canadian diplomat and was the special envoy of UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to Niger from mid-2008 to 2009, to find a solution to the conflict in Agadez region.

On 14 December 2008, he was reported missing and was last seen about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of the capital Niamey. Fowler was, along with several Westerners, eventually freed on 21 April 2009.
Bern Academy of the Arts
The Bern Academy of Arts (German: Hochschule der Künste Bern) is an art school with locations in Bern and Biel/Bienne. It was created in 2003 from the merger of the University of Music and Theatre and the School of Design, Art and Conservation. The educational institution is one of eight departments of the Bern University of Applied Sciences. Students and lecturers of the HKB come from over 30 countries. The HKB works in research and as an organizer according to information closely with Swiss and international partners from culture, society and economy together, enabling even large-scale projects such as the Biennale Bern. It also contributes to cultural life in Berne.

Bern University of Applied Sciences
The Bern University of Applied Sciences (BUAS, German: Berner Fachhochschule BFH, French: Haute école spécialisée bernoise HESB) is a public vocational university in Switzerland with a strong national and international profile. It comprises six departments and also incorporates the Higher Technical School of Wood, which is affiliated to the Department of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering.
Vietnam Helicopters
Vietnam Helicopters (VNH), formally the Vietnam Helicopter Corporation (VNH Corp or VHC; Vietnamese: Tổng công ty Trực thăng Việt Nam - Công ty TNHH, lit. 'Vietnam Helicopter Corporation - LLC'), also known by its military designation Corps 18 (Vietnamese: Binh đoàn 18), is a transportation business owned by the Vietnam Ministry of National Defense. It operates helicopters to transport cargo, train pilots and export/import devices in the aviation industry as well as providing aircraft maintenance while offering commercial services such as tourist transportation. Being a state-owned enterprise and a formally a combat unit under the People's Army of Vietnam, VNH also operates government-sponsored flights serving civil defense purposes including medical evacuation as well as search and rescue missions.

Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma
The Airbus Helicopters H225 (formerly Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma) is a long-range passenger transport helicopter developed by Eurocopter as the next generation of the civilian Super Puma family. It is a twin-engined aircraft and can carry up to 24 passengers along with two crew and a cabin attendant, dependent on customer configuration. The helicopter is marketed for offshore support and VIP passenger transport duties, as well as public service missions.

The civil-orientated EC225 has a military counterpart, which was originally designated as the Eurocopter EC725. In 2015, the EC225 was formally renamed H225, and the EC725 as H225M, in line with Eurocopter's corporate rebranding as Airbus Helicopters.
VTB United League
The VTB United League (Russian: Единая Лига ВТБ) is an international professional men's club basketball league that was founded in 2009. As of the 2025–26 season, it consists exclusively of Russian clubs. Since 2013, it is the first tier of Russian professional club basketball. Therefore, the highest placed Russian team in the league can also be named the Russian national champions. The league is sponsored by Russian state-owned VTB Bank. In 2009 CSKA Moscow won VTB United League Promo-Cup, but this competition does not count as official VTB title. CSKA has dominated the league, having won majority of titles its existence. The VTB United League also holds a youth competition, the VTB United Youth League.

VTB United League Top Player
The VTB United League Top Player is an annual VTB United League award that is given to one player from each country that is represented by the league's clubs. The award has been handed out since the 2012–13 season, and it is awarded by the player's citizenship, regardless of the player's club's location.

In the league's countries with just one club, currently six (Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Kazakhstan, and Finland), along with Poland in the past, the league itself gives the award. In Russia, which has 10 clubs, Russian news agency TASS (replacing RIA Novosti, from 2014–15), partners with the league to name the top Russian player. In the past, for clubs from Lithuania (three) and Ukraine (two), the league partnered with, respectively, basketnews.lt and basket-planet.com.
Kulevi oil terminal
The Kulevi oil terminal is an oil port on the eastern Black Sea coast in Georgia. The terminal is located in Khobi District, close to the populated area of the village Kulevi, formerly Redoubt Kali, and from the coastal area between rivers Tsiva and Khobistskali.

SOCAR
The State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası Dövlət Neft Şirkəti, ARDNŞ), largely known by its abbreviation SOCAR, is a fully state-owned national oil and gas company headquartered in Baku, Azerbaijan. The company produces oil and natural gas from onshore and offshore fields in the Azerbaijani segment of the Caspian Sea. It operates the country's only oil refinery, one gas processing plant and runs several oil and gas export pipelines throughout the country. It owns fuel filling station networks under the SOCAR brand in Azerbaijan, Turkey, Georgia, Ukraine, Romania, Switzerland, and Austria.

SOCAR is a major source of income for the authoritarian regime in Azerbaijan. The company is run in an opaque manner, as it has complex webs of contracts and middlemen that have led to the enrichment of the country's ruling elites.
Č
The grapheme Čč (Latin C with caron) is used in various contexts, usually denoting the voiceless postalveolar affricate consonant [t͡ʃ] like the English ch in the word chocolate. The caron is known as háček in Czech, mäkčeň in Slovak, kvačica in Serbo-Croatian, and strešica in Slovene. It is represented in Unicode as U+010C (uppercase Č) and U+010D (lowercase č).

Che (Persian letter)
Che or cheem (چ‎) is a letter of the Persian alphabet, used to represent [t͡ʃ]. The letter derives from Jīm (ج‎) by the addition of two dots. It is found with this value in other Arabic-derived scripts. It is used in Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Kurdish, Uyghur, Kashmiri, Azerbaijani, Ottoman Turkish, Malay (Jawi), Javanese (Pegon), and other Indo-Iranian languages. It is also one of the five letters the Persian alphabet added to the Arabic script (the others being ژ, پ, and گ in addition to the obsolete ڤ. Its numerical value is 3000 (see Abjad numerals).
SGI Altix
Altix is a line of server computers and supercomputers produced by Silicon Graphics (and successor company Silicon Graphics International), based on Intel processors. It succeeded the MIPS/IRIX-based Origin 3000 servers.

NUMAlink
NUMAlink is a system interconnect developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI) for use in its distributed shared memory ccNUMA computer systems. NUMAlink was originally developed by SGI for their Origin 2000 and Onyx2 systems. At the time of these systems' introduction, it was branded as "CrayLink" during SGI's brief ownership of Cray Research.

Hewlett Packard Enterprise entered an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) arrangement with Silicon Graphics International (SGI) to use Numalink as the foundation in some mission critical servers.

Notes
Cananeuretus
Cananeuretus is an extinct genus of ant in the Formicidae subfamily Aneuretinae, and is one of two Cretaceous genera of the subfamily.  The genus contains a single described species Cananeuretus occidentalis and is known from one Late Cretaceous fossil which has been found in North America.

Aneuretinae
Aneuretinae is a subfamily of ants consisting of a single extant species, Aneuretus simoni (Sri Lankan relict ant), and 9 fossil species. Earlier, the phylogenetic position of A. simoni was thought to be intermediate between primitive and advanced subfamilies of ants, but recent studies have shown it is the nearest living relative of subfamily Dolichoderinae.
Edward Bausch
Edward Bausch (September 26, 1854 – July 31, 1941) was an American engineer and business executive, who served as president of Bausch & Lomb Optical Company from 1926 to 1935. In 1933, he was named an Honorary Member of the Optical Society "For his preeminent service in the advancement of optics." He was awarded the twelfth ASME Medal in 1936. He served as chairman of the board until his death.

Bausch was born in Rochester, New York to John Jacob Bausch and Barbara (Zimmermann) Bausch. He obtained his engineering degree from Cornell University in 1874. He was a brother of Delta Kappa Epsilon. He spent his life-long career at the optical supply business Bausch & Lomb, where he was president from 1926 to 1935, and saw it "grow from an obscure spectacle shop to an industry of worldwide importance." One of his early accomplishments in the late 19th century was the development and production of the company's first commercial microscope.

He died in Rochester on July 31, 1944.

John Jacob Bausch
John Jacob Bausch (born Johann Jakob Bausch; July 25, 1830 – February 14, 1926) was a German-American maker of optical instruments who co-founded Bausch & Lomb (with Henry Lomb). Over six decades he transformed his small, local optical shop into a large-scale international enterprise, pioneering the American optical industry.
Mapumental
Mapumental was a web-based application for displaying journeys in terms of how long they take, rather than by distance, a technique also known as isochrone or geospatial mapping. It was developed by British organisation mySociety but was withdrawn in 2020.

Users input one or more postcodes and Mapumental displays a map overlaid with coloured bands, each of which represent a set increment of time. Initial work on the project was done by Chris Lightfoot, using open data from Railplanner, Transport Direct and the Transport for London Journey Planner.

It was built with support from Channel 4iP, the former public service arm of British TV broadcaster Channel 4. The software the Mapumental runs on is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License.

Mapumental can be combined with other data sets, for example, property prices and ‘scenicness’ data (see ScenicorNot, below). It is now provided as a commercial service by mySociety to clients such as the Fire Protection Association.

Isochrone map
An isochrone map in geography and urban planning is a map that depicts the area accessible from a point within a certain time threshold. An isochrone (iso = equal, chrone = time) is defined as "a line drawn on a map connecting points at which something occurs or arrives at the same time". In hydrology and transportation planning isochrone maps are commonly used to depict areas of equal travel time. The term is also used in cardiology as a tool to visually detect abnormalities using body surface distribution.