hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.

Tapan Kumar Pradhan
Tapan Kumar Pradhan (born 22 October 1972) is an Indian poet, writer and translator from Odisha. He is best known for his poem collection "Kalahandi" which was awarded second place in Sahitya Akademi's Golden Jubilee Indian Literature Translation Prize for Poetry in 2007. His other works include "Equation", "I, She and the Sea", "Wind in the Afternoon" and "Dance of Shiva".
Oliver Heaviside
Oliver Heaviside (/ˈhɛvisaɪd/ HEV-ee-syde; 18 May 1850 – 3 February 1925) was a British mathematician and electrical engineer who invented a new technique for solving differential equations (equivalent to the Laplace transform), independently developed vector calculus, and rewrote Maxwell's equations in the form commonly used today. He significantly shaped the way Maxwell's equations were understood and applied in the decades following Maxwell's death. Also, in 1893, he extended them to gravitoelectromagnetism, which was confirmed by Gravity Probe B in 2005. His formulation of the telegrapher's equations became commercially important during his own lifetime, after their significance went unremarked for a long while, as few others were versed at the time in his novel methodology. Although at odds with the scientific establishment for most of his life, Heaviside changed the face of telecommunications, mathematics, and science.

Institution of Engineering and Technology
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is a multidisciplinary professional engineering institution. The IET was formed in 2006 from two separate institutions: the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), dating back to 1871, and the Institute of Incorporated Engineers (IIE), dating back to 1884. Its worldwide membership is currently in excess of 156,000 in 148 countries. The IET's main offices are in Savoy Place in London, England, and at Futures Place in Stevenage, England.

In the United Kingdom, the IET has the authority to establish professional registration for the titles of Chartered Engineer, Incorporated Engineer, Engineering Technician, and ICT Technician, as a licensed member institution of the Engineering Council.

The IET is registered as a charity in England, Wales and Scotland.
Barbara (Yakovleva)
Varvara Alexeyevna Yakovleva (Russian: Варвара Алексеевна Яковлева; c. 1880 – July 18, 1918), called Nun Barbara (Russian: Инокиня Варвара), was a Russian Orthodox nun in the convent of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna. She was killed by the Bolsheviks along with the grand duchess and Prince Ioann Konstantinovich of Russia, Prince Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, Prince Igor Konstantinovich of Russia, Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich of Russia, Fyodor Remez, Grand Duke Sergei's secretary, and Prince Vladimir Pavlovich Paley at Alapaevsk.

She was later canonized as a martyr by both the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia and the Russian Orthodox Church within Russia.

Alapayevsk
Alapayevsk (Russian: Алапа́евск) is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Neyva and Alapaikha rivers. Population: 38,192 (2010 census); 44,263 (2002 census); 50,060 (1989 census); 49,000 (1968).
8½ Women
8+1⁄2 Women is a 1999 comedy-drama film written and directed by Peter Greenaway and starring John Standing, Matthew Delamere, and Vivian Wu. An international co-production of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Germany, it was entered into the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.

Vivian Wu
Vivian Wu (née Wu Junmei; Chinese: 邬君梅; born February 5, 1966) is a Chinese-born American actress. Starring in a variety of North American and Chinese productions, her big break came in 1987, when she appeared in the biographical film The Last Emperor. She later went to starring in films Iron & Silk (1990), The Guyver (1991), Heaven & Earth (1993), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III (1993), The Joy Luck Club (1993), and most notably playing the leading roles in The Pillow Book (1996) and The Soong Sisters (1997). In 2020, she starred as Dr. Lu Wang in the Netflix science fiction drama series Away, while in 2023, she portrayed Vivian Zhu in the Apple TV+ murder mystery comedy series The Afterparty.
Sacro Monte di Varallo
The Sacred Mountain of Varallo (Italian: Sacro Monte di Varallo) is a Sacro Monte ("sacred mountain", a type of mountainside Christian devotional complex) overlooking the town of Varallo Sesia in the province of Vercelli, Piedmont, northern Italy. It is the oldest Sacro Monte, founded in 1491 by Franciscan friar Bernardino Caimi. It is built on a natural terrace on the rocky slopes of Monte Tre Croci ("three crosses mountain"), on the left bank of the Sesia river where it leaves Val Mastallone. It is 600 m above sea level, 150 m above the historic centre of Varallo. It is one of the nine Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy, included in the UNESCO World Heritage list.

Province of Vercelli
The province of Vercelli (Italian: provincia di Vercelli) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is Vercelli.

As of 2015, it has an area of 2,081 square kilometres (803 sq mi) and a total population of some 176,000. It is an area known for the cultivation of rice.
Die Zeit, die Zeit
Die Zeit,  die Zeit (English: The time, the time) is a novel by Martin Suter published in September 2012 by Diogenes Verlag.

The novel does not feature Suter's long-running character Detective Allmen. Instead, it features two amateur detectives brought together by the deaths of their wives. The book has an autobiographical element, reflecting the author's mourning for the death of his three-year-old son in 2009.

Martin Suter
Martin Suter (born 29 February 1948 in Zürich) is a Swiss author. He became known for his weekly column Business Class in the Weltwoche newspaper (1992–2004), now appearing in the Tages-Anzeiger, and another column appearing in "NZZ Folio". The columns have been published as nine books.

Suter has published fourteen novels, written four stage plays, and seven screenplays, for which he received various awards.

He is married and lives in Spain and Guatemala.

Suter worked previously as a copywriter and creative director in advertising before he decided to fully concentrate on his writing career in 1991. He achieved his break-through with his novel Small World in 1997, which was published by Diogenes Verlag.
Sons of Africa
The Sons of Africa were a late-18th-century group in Britain that campaigned to end African chattel slavery. The "corresponding society" has been called Britain's first black political organisation. Its members were educated Africans in London, including formerly enslaved men such as Ottobah Cugoano, Olaudah Equiano and other leading members of London's black community.

It was closely connected to the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, a non-denominational group founded in 1787 by Granville Sharp and Thomas Clarkson.

Thomas Clarkson
Thomas Clarkson (28 March 1760 – 26 September 1846) was an English abolitionist, and a leading campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire. He helped found the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade (also known as the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade) and helped achieve passage of the Slave Trade Act 1807, which ended British trade in slaves.

He became a pacifist in 1816 and, with his brother, John, was one of the twelve founders of the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace.

In his later years Clarkson campaigned for the abolition of slavery worldwide. In 1840 he was the key speaker at the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society's first convention in London, which campaigned to end slavery in other countries.
Basic Occupational Health Services
The Basic Occupational Health Services are an application of the primary health care principles in the sector of occupational health. Primary health care definition can be found in the World Health Organization Alma Ata declaration from the year 1978 as the “essential health care based on practical scientifically sound and socially accepted methods, (…) it is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system bringing health care as close as possible to where people live and work (…)”.

An effort was launched by the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) to develop Basic Occupational Health Services, since occupational health services are available to only 10-15% of workers worldwide. Even where services are available, their quality and relevance may be low. Basic Occupational Health Services are most needed for countries and sectors that do not have services at all or which are seriously underserved.

International Commission on Occupational Health
The International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) is an international non-governmental professional society, founded in Milan during the Expo 1906 as the Permanent Commission on Occupational Health.

ICOH aims at fostering the scientific progress, knowledge and development of occupational health and safety in all its aspects. Today, ICOH is the world's leading international scientific society in the field of occupational health with a membership of 2,000 professionals from over 100 countries and is recognised by the United Nations as a non-governmental organisation (NGO) with close working relationships with ILO, WHO, UNEP and ISSA.
One Night in Lisbon
One Night in Lisbon is a 1941 American comedy thriller film directed by Edward H. Griffith and starring Fred MacMurray, Madeleine Carroll and Patricia Morison.  It was one of a cycle of pro-British films produced in Hollywood before the United States' entry into the war in December 1941. The film is based on John Van Druten's 1931 British play There's Always Juliet, updated to include the current wartime situation.

Edward H. Griffith
Edward H. Griffith (August 23, 1888 – March 3, 1975) (also known as E H Griffith, Lieut. Edward H. Griffith, Edward Griffith, and E. H. Griffith) was an American motion picture director, screenwriter, and producer.
Ecclefechan tart
Ecclefechan tarts, also known as Ecclefechan butter tarts, are a traditional Scottish baked pastry consisting of an outer pastry crust filled with butter, muscovado sugar, dried fruit such as raisins and cherries, in addition to a small quantity of vinegar. The filling forms a treacle as it bakes. It can also contain chopped almonds and a mixture of spices.

They are named after the village of Ecclefechan, located in Dumfries and Galloway in the south of Scotland, where it is sold by many local businesses and has become an attraction for tourists.

In 2007, Ecclefechan tarts gained national prominence in the UK when the supermarket Sainsbury's promoted them as an alternative to mince pies at Christmas, the tarts sold over 50,000 packs in November 2007. In comparison to the fruity, spicy flavour of a mince pie, an Ecclefechan tart is characterised by a caramel flavour.

Ecclefechan
Ecclefechan (Scottish Gaelic: Eaglais Fheichein) is a village located in Dumfries and Galloway in the south of Scotland.

The village is famous for being the birthplace of Thomas Carlyle.

Ecclefechan lies in the valley of the Mein Water, a tributary of the River Annan, 6+1⁄4 miles (10 kilometres) south of Lockerbie, five miles (eight kilometres) north of Annan and eight miles (thirteen kilometres) northwest of the English border. The A74(M) motorway runs immediately north of the village and Junction 19 is just northwest of the village.

The High Street of the village has a burn which runs through a culvert below it. This culvert was constructed in 1875 by Dr George Arnott at his own expense.
Erdős–Turán inequality
In mathematics, the Erdős–Turán inequality bounds the distance between a probability measure on the circle and the Lebesgue measure, in terms of Fourier coefficients. It was proved by Paul Erdős and Pál Turán in 1948.

Let μ be a probability measure on the unit circle R/Z. The Erdős–Turán inequality states that, for any natural number n,

where the supremum is over all arcs A ⊂ R/Z of the unit circle, mes stands for the Lebesgue measure,

are the Fourier coefficients of μ, and C > 0 is a numerical constant.

Pál Turán
Pál Turán (Hungarian: [ˈpaːl ˈturaːn]; 18 August 1910 – 26 September 1976) also known as Paul Turán, was a Hungarian mathematician who worked primarily in extremal combinatorics.

In 1940, because of his Jewish origins, he was arrested by the Nazis and sent to a labour camp in Transylvania, later being transferred several times to other camps. While imprisoned, Turán came up with some of his best theories, which he was able to publish after the war.

Turán had a long collaboration with fellow Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős, lasting 46 years and resulting in 28 joint papers.
Mary Jestyn Jeffreys
Mary Gwynne Jestyn Jeffreys, Mrs Emery (8 January 1908 – 19 June 1973) was a Welsh amateur golfer. She won the Welsh Ladies' Amateur Championship four times in the 1930s. She was in the British team for the 1934 Vagliano Trophy.

Women's Home Internationals
The Women's Home Internationals were an amateur team golf championship for women contested between the four Home Nations of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland, where Ireland was represented by the whole island of Ireland on an All-Ireland basis. After the Ladies' Golf Union, the former governing body for women's golf in Great Britain and Ireland, merged into The R&A in 2016, The R&A took over organisation of the event. The match was played annually and the venue cycled between the four nations. In 2022 the match was replaced by a combined Women's and Men's Home Internationals.

The event started in 1905 when Mr. T. H. Miller presented a trophy for the competition. A number of earlier internationals had been played, with England and Ireland playing a match as early as 1895. Triangular matches involving teams from England, Ireland and Scotland had been played in 1902 and 1904.
Ota Darvaza
Ota Gate (uzbek: Ota darvoza) is the western gate of the Itchan Kala, in the walled inner town of the city of Khiva, Uzbekistan. It was built during the reign of Olloqulixon in 1828-29 and is also known as the Shermuhammad Gate. The Ota Gatehas been included in the "List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity" by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, recognizing its cultural significance. Additionally, it has been added to UNESCO's World Heritage List as part of the historical heritage of the city of Khiva, signifying its historical importance.

Itchan Kala
Itchan Kala (Uzbek: Ichan-Qаl’а) is the walled inner town of the city of Khiva, Uzbekistan. Since 1990, it has been protected as a World Heritage Site.

The old town retains more than 50 historic monuments and 250 old houses, dating primarily from the eighteenth or nineteenth centuries. Juma Mosque, for instance, was established in the tenth century and rebuilt from 1788 to 1789, although its celebrated hypostyle hall still retains 112 columns taken from ancient structures. 
Notable buildings in Itchan Kala are Konya Ark, Juma Mosque, Ak Mosque, Hasanmurod Qushbegi mosque, madrasahs of Alla-Kulli-Khan, Muhammad Aminkhon, Muhammad Rakhimkhon, Mausoleums of Pahlavon Mahmoud, Sayid Allavuddin, Shergozikhon as well as caravanserais and markets.
Khirbat Al-Taqa
Khirbat Al-Taqa (Arabic: خربة الطاقة), was a Palestinian Arab village in the District of Baysan. It was depopulated by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on May 15, 1948, under Operation Gideon. It was located 14 km north of Baysan nearby Wadi al-Bira which powered several mills in the village.

Beisan Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine
The Beisan Subdistrict (Arabic: قضاء بيسان; Hebrew: נפת ביסאן) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Baysan. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict disintegrated; most of it became part of Israel, and has been merged with the neighboring Nazareth Subdistrict to from the modern-day Jezre'el County. The southernmost parts, however, fell within the modern-day West Bank – because of that, they were first occupied and unilaterally annexed by Jordan, and were later occupied by Israel following the Six-Day War.
Japanese cruiser Tama
Tama (多摩) was the second of the five Kuma-class light cruisers in the Imperial Japanese Navy, which played an active role in World War II.  Tama was named after the Tama River in Kantō region of Japan.

Tama River
The Tama River (多摩川, Tama-gawa) is a major river in Yamanashi, Kanagawa and Tokyo Prefectures on Honshū, Japan.  It is officially classified as a Class 1 river by the Japanese government. It is 138 kilometres (86 mi) long, and has a 1,240 square kilometres (480 sq mi) basin.

The river flows through the Greater Tokyo Area, on the dividing line between Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefectures. In Tokyo, its banks are lined with parks and sports fields, making the river a popular picnic spot.
The Black Panther (1921 film)
The Black Panther (German: Die schwarze Pantherin) is a 1921 German silent film directed by Johannes Guter and starring Yelena Polevitskaya, Xenia Desni and Eugen Burg. The film was produced by Russo Film, a small production outfit associated with Decla-Bioscop, which had been set up to produce films based on literature. The film was adapted from a play by Volodymyr Vynnychenko. It premiered on 14 October 1921 at a Decla cinema on the Unter den Linden.

Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko (Ukrainian: Володимир Кирилович Винниченко; July 28 [O.S. July 16] 1880 – March 6, 1951) was a Ukrainian statesman, political activist, writer, playwright and artist who served as the first prime minister of the Ukrainian People's Republic. Prior to his entry onto the stage of Ukrainian politics, he was a long-time political activist, who lived abroad in Western Europe from 1906 to 1914 escaping persecution by Russian authorities.

Vynnychenko's works reflect his immersion in the Ukrainian revolutionary milieu, as well as his life both among impoverished working-class people, and among émigrés living in Western Europe. He is recognized as a leading Ukrainian modernist writer of the pre-revolutionary era, and an author of short stories, novels, and plays. In Soviet Ukraine between the 1930s and mid-1980s Vynnychenko's works, like those of many other Ukrainian writers, were forbidden.
James D. Jamieson
James Douglas Jamieson (January 22, 1934 – October 22, 2018) was an American cell biologist and professor at the Yale School of Medicine.  His early research in cell biology of pancreatic acinar cells in the lab of George Palade established the function of the Golgi apparatus in secretory protein trafficking.

Yale School of Medicine
The Yale School of Medicine is the medical school of Yale University, a private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. It was founded in 1810 as the Medical Institution of Yale College and formally opened in 1813. It is the sixth-oldest medical school in the United States.

The school’s faculty clinical practice is Yale Medicine. Yale School of Medicine has a strong affiliation with its primary teaching hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital and the Yale New Haven Health System. The school is home to the Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, which is one of the country’s largest modern medical libraries and is known for its historical collections.

For the class of 2028, the school received 5,669 applications to fill 104 seats in the MD Program. This puts the acceptance rate at about 1.6%. The median GPA for the class was 3.94, and the median MCAT score was 521.
Datai Township
Datai Township (Chinese: 大台乡; pinyin: Dàtái Xiāng) is a rural township located in Fuping County, under the jurisdiction of the city of Baoding in Hebei Province, China. As of the 2010 census, the township had a population of 10,975 residents living within a total area of 181.3 square kilometers, resulting in a population density of approximately 60.5 inhabitants per square kilometer.

According to demographic data from 2010, the population was composed of 5,643 males (48.6%) and 5,332 females (51.4%). In terms of age distribution, 20.6% (2,263 individuals) were 0–14 years old, 68.9% (7,563 individuals) were 15–64 years old, and 10.5% (1,149 individuals) were aged 65 and above.

Fuping County, Hebei
Fuping (Chinese: 阜平; pinyin: Fùpíng) is a county of west-central Hebei province, China, bordering Wutai County, Shanxi to the west. It is the westernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Baoding, and is 93 km (58 mi) north-northwest of Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital. As of 2021, it had a population of 190,540 residing in an area of 2,497 km2 (964 sq mi).
2021 Copa América final
The 2021 Copa América final was a football match to determine the winners of the 2021 Copa América. The match was the 47th final of the Copa América, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of CONMEBOL. The match was held at Estádio do Maracanã in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 10 July 2021.

The match featured two rival teams: Argentina against the tournament hosts and defending champions, Brazil. Argentina won the match 1–0 to clinch their fifteenth Copa América title and first since 1993, giving captain Lionel Messi his first senior international trophy sixteen years into his career and ending a 28-year trophy drought. Argentina also equalled Uruguay's record of Copa América titles. Argentina would go on to win the CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of Champions against Italy, as well as the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Rodrigo De Paul
Rodrigo Javier De Paul  (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈðɾiɣo ðe pol]; born 24 May 1994) is an Argentine professional football player who plays as a midfielder for Major League Soccer club Inter Miami and the Argentina national team.

He made his senior international debut in 2018 and has won the 2021 Copa América, 2022 FIFA World Cup, and 2024 Copa América.
Old Beaupre Castle
Old Beaupre Castle (Welsh: Hen Gastell y Bewpyr; also known as Beaupre Castle, Old Beaupre Manor, or simply Beaupre) is a ruined medieval fortified manor house located in the community of Llanfair, outside Cowbridge in Wales. It is known in historic documents under the names Beawpire, Bewerpere, Bewpyr and Y Bewpur. It is a Grade I listed building and is under the care of Cadw. It can be visited free of charge all year round by members of the public. The gardens are designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

Llanfair, Vale of Glamorgan
Llanfair is a community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. It is located immediately south of the town of Cowbridge and includes the settlements of St Hilary, Llandough, St Mary Church and The Herberts. The population in 2011 was 611.

Llanfair has a community council comprising eight councillors, who meet regularly at St Hilary Village Hall. For elections to the Vale of Glamorgan Council the community is part of the Cowbridge electoral ward.

Buildings of note in Llanfair include Old Beaupre Castle near St Hilary, which is Grade I listed and Llandough Castle which is Grade II* listed. St Hilary's parish church is also Grade II* listed.