hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John of Saxony (astronomer)
John of Saxony (also Johannes de Saxonia, John Danko or Dancowe of Saxony) was a medieval astronomer.  Although his exact birthplace is unknown it is believed he was born in Germany, most likely Magdeburg. His scholarly work is believed to date from the end of the 13th century into the mid 14th century.  He spent most of his active career, from about 1327 to 1355, at the University of Paris.

Al-Qabisi
Abu al-Saqr Abd al-Aziz ibn Uthman ibn Ali al-Qabisi, generally known as Al-Qabisi, (Latinised as Alchabitius or Alcabitius), and sometimes known as Alchabiz, Abdelazys, Abdilaziz (Arabic: 'Abd al-Azîz,  عبدالعزيز القبيصي), (died 967) was a Arab Muslim astrologer, astronomer, and mathematician.
Virginia Company of London
The Virginia Company of London (sometimes called "London Company") was a division of the Virginia Company with responsibility for colonizing the east coast of North America between latitudes 34° and 41° N.

Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (/ˈdɛləwɛər/ ⓘ DEL-ə-wair; 9 July 1576 – 7 June 1618) was an English colonial administrator for whom the bay, the river, and, consequently, a Native American people and U.S. state, all later called "Delaware", were named. A member of the House of Lords, from the death of his father in 1602 until his own death in 1618, he served as the governor of Virginia from 1610 to 1611.

There have been two creations of Baron De La Warr, and West came from the second. He was the son of Thomas West, 2nd Baron De La Warr, of Wherwell Abbey in Hampshire, and Anne Knollys, daughter of Catherine Knollys; making him a great-grandson of Mary Boleyn, the sister of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII. He was born at Wherwell, Hampshire, England, and died at sea while travelling from England to Virginia. Counting from the original creation of the title, West would be the 12th Baron.
Party of the Roma
The Party of the Roma (Romanian: Partida Romilor „Pro Europa”, PRPE; Vlax Romani: Partida le Romenge), known until 2008 as Social Democratic Party of the Roma (Romanian: Partida Romilor Social-Democrată, PRS-D), is a political party in Romania representing the Romani minority. Its leader is Nicolae Păun, and it currently has one reserved seat in the Chamber of Deputies.

Romanian ethnic minority parties
The Romanian Constitution (Article 62) provides seats in the Chamber of Deputies for representatives of ethnic minorities in Romania (with the limitation that each national minority is to be represented by one organization only). Minority organizations are exempt from the electoral threshold, and are guaranteed a seat so long as they earn at least 10% of the vote that was required for the last party eligible to earn a seat through the threshold.

The representatives elected in this manner sit in the Parliamentary Group of National Minorities (Romanian: Grupul parlamentar al minorităților naționale) in the Chamber of Deputies; the Group traditionally give confidence and supply to the government. The number of seats awarded to ethnic minorities varied from 10 in 1990 to 19 since 2024 onwards.
Jaikara
Jaikara is a term used to refer to religious slogans practiced in Indic religions. They are usually shouted in a group-setting as a devotional practice. Jaikaras can be found in both Hinduism and Sikhism.

Waheguru
Waheguru (Punjabi: ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, romanized: vāhigurū, pronunciation: [ʋaːɦɪɡuɾuː], literally meaning "Wow Guru", figuratively translated to mean "Wonderful God" or "Wonderful Lord") is a term used in Sikhism to refer to God as described in Guru Granth Sahib. It is the most common term to refer to God in modern Sikhism.
Windy Hill (Pennines)
Windy Hill in the South Pennines within the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England, rises to 389 m (1,276 ft) metres above sea level.

The hill is located west of the A672 road and south west of Junction 22 on the M62 motorway. Windy Hill cutting is up to 120 ft (37 m) deep and the longest on the M62. A pedestrian footbridge, 320 ft (98 m) long and 65 ft (20 m) above the carriageways, carries the Pennine Way above Windy Hill cutting. Its parabolic arch and splayed legs are designed to withstand wind speeds up to 120 mph.
Snow lies on Windy Hill for an average of 35 days annually and the area is prone to fog or low cloud. The boundary stone between Greater Manchester and West Yorkshire is in the cutting. The Longden End Brook rises between the hill and the motorway and the Piethorne Brook drains to reservoirs to the southwest.
A radio transmitter is located to the east.

South Pennines
The South Pennines is a region of moorland and hill country in northern England lying towards the southern end of the Pennines. In the west it includes the Rossendale Valley and the West Pennine Moors. It is bounded by the Greater Manchester conurbation in the west and the Bowland Fells and Yorkshire Dales to the north. To the east it is fringed by the towns of West Yorkshire whilst to the south it is bounded by the Peak District. The rural South Pennine Moors constitutes both a Site of Special Scientific Interest and Special Area of Conservation.
Izmail Border Detachment
The Izmail Border Detachment "Colonel Oleksandr Zhukovsky" (Ukrainian: 17 прикордонний загін імені полковника Олександра Жуковського; MUN 1474) is a brigade level detachment of the Eastern Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guards the Moldova-Ukraine border and Romania-Ukraine border in two Raions (Bolhrad Raion and Izmail Raion) as well as three seaports and Izmail International Airport. It guards 442.4km border with  Moldova including 3 km along lake and 132.8km along land and 306.6km border with Romania, 181.1km along the Danube River and 125.5 km maritime border.

State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (abbr.  SBGSU; Ukrainian: Державна Прикордонна Служба України, romanized: Derzhavna Prykordonna Sluzhba Ukrainy, pronounced [derˈʒɑu̯nɐ prɪkorˈdɔnːɐ ˈsluʒbɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; abbr. ДПСУ, DPSU) is the border guard of Ukraine. It is an independent law enforcement agency, organized by the Constitution of Ukraine as a military formation, the head of which is subordinated to the President of Ukraine.

The Service was created on July 31, 2003, after the reorganization of the State Committee for Protection of the State Border. During wartime, units of the State Border Guard Service fall under the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The State Border Guard Service includes the Ukrainian Sea Guard, which is the country's coast guard. It is also responsible for running Temporary Detention Centres, in which refugees are held.
Kiziloy
Kiziloy Township (قىزىلئۆي يېزىسى / Heiziwei Chinese: 黑孜苇乡; pinyin: Hēizīwěi Xiāng) is the former county seat before 1989 and a township of Wuqia County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the middle of the county, the township covers an area of 2,782.4 square kilometers with a population of 6,899 (as of 2017). It has 6 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Kiziloy  (黑孜苇).

Kiziloy is located 5 kilometers away southwest of the county seat Wuqia Town. It is adjacent to Baykurut Township in the east, Shufu County in the south, Toyun Township in the northeast and Ulugqat Township in the northwest.

Toyun
Toyun Township (Chinese: 托云乡; pinyin: Tuōyún Xiāng) is a township of Wuqia County in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Located in the northeast of the county, the township covers an area of l,546 square kilometers with a population of 2,651 (as of 2017). It has 3 administrative villages under its jurisdiction. Its seat is at Kaklik  (盖克力克).

Toyun is located 103 kilometers away northeast of the county seat Wuqia Town. It is bordered by Ulugqat and Kiziloy townships to the southwest, Baykurut and Terak townships to the southeast. It is bordered by the Kyrghyz Republic with a boundary line of 115 kilometers to the northeast and west. There are 27 mountain passes connecting with Kyrgyzstan. The Turugart Port  (吐尔尕特口岸) to Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, is in the township and it is a national first-class port.
Ministry of Culture and Communications (Quebec)
The Ministry of Culture and Communications (French: Ministère de la Culture et des Communications, pronounced [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ e de kɔmynikasjɔ̃]) is responsible for promoting and protecting the culture in the Canadian province of Quebec. The current minister, since 2022, is Mathieu Lacombe.

The ministry was formed in 2012 after the immigration portfolio was transferred from the former Minister of Immigration and Cultural Communities, created in 2005, to the new Ministry of Immigration, Diversity and Inclusion. Since 1 April 2017, the Ministry of Culture and Communications also administers Quebec's provincial film classification rating system, acquired from the former Régie du cinéma.

Régie du cinéma (Quebec)
The Régie du cinéma (French pronunciation: [ʁeʒi dy sinema]) was a provincial film classification organization responsible for the motion picture rating system within the Canadian province of Quebec. Existing in several guises since the start of the 20th century, the organization came into being in its final form as a department of the Government of Quebec's Ministry of Culture and Communications (MCC) on 23 June 1983. Its roles were merged and fully integrated into the MCC on 1 April 2017. Its mandate was to classify and approve films for distribution to Quebec's movie theatres and home video outlets. Its purview devolved from the Cinema Act (RSQ, C-18.1). As of 2010, the organization had a net income of 7 million dollars and had accumulated more than 85 million dollars in cash in their bank account.
President's Committee on Civil Rights
The President's Committee on Civil Rights was a United States presidential commission established by President Harry Truman in 1946. The committee was created by Executive Order 9808 on December 5, 1946, and instructed to investigate the status of civil rights in the country and propose measures to strengthen and protect them. The committee submitted the report of its findings, entitled To Secure These Rights, to President Truman in December 1947, and Truman proposed comprehensive civil rights legislation to Congress, and ordered antidiscrimination and desegregation throughout the government and armed forces.

The committee included business, labor, and religious leaders, in addition to scholars.

Presidential commission (United States)
In the United States, a presidential commission is a special task force ordained by the president to complete a specific, special investigation or research. They are often quasi-judicial in nature; that is, they include public or in-camera hearings.
1948 United States Senate election in Illinois
The 1948 United States Senate election in Illinois took place on November 2, 1948. Incumbent Republican Charles W. Brooks lost reelection in a landslide to Democrat Paul Douglas.

The primaries and general election coincided with those of other federal elections (United States President and House), as well as those for state elections.

Primaries were held April 13, 1948.

1948 United States presidential election in Illinois
The 1948 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 2, 1948, as part of the 1948 United States presidential election. State voters chose 28 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Illinois was won by incumbent President Harry S. Truman (D–Missouri), running with Senator Alben W. Barkley, with 50.07% of the popular vote, against Governor Thomas Dewey (R–New York), running with Governor Earl Warren, with 49.22% of the popular vote.
Sigmund Freud Prize
The Sigmund Freud Prize or Sigmund Freud Prize for Academic Prose (German: Sigmund Freud-Preis für wissenschaftliche Prosa) is a German literary award named after Sigmund Freud and awarded by the Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung (German Academy for Language and Literature). It was first awarded in 1964.

Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung
The Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung (in English German Academy for Language and Literature) was founded on 28 August 1949, on the 200th birthday of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, in the Paulskirche in Frankfurt. It is seated in Darmstadt, since 1971 in the Glückert House at the Darmstadt Artists' Colony. It is a society of writers and scholars on matters pertaining to German language and literature in the Deutsche sprachraum, or Germanosphere.
Pot cheese
Pot cheese is a type of soft, crumbly, unaged cheese. It is very simple to make and also highly versatile, making it a very popular cheese, but it may be hard to find in stores.  It is traditionally cut with a sun-shaped object known as a cheese cutter.

Pot cheese is in the midway stage between cottage cheese and farmer cheese. It is somewhat dry and crumbly, but with a neutral, creamy texture and is very high in protein. It is most similar to Mexican queso blanco.

In New York and its environs, it was frequently served in a bowl topped with cut-up vegetables.

In Austria, Topfen (pot cheese) is another name for Quark.

White cheese
White cheese includes a wide variety of cheese types discovered in different regions, sharing the sole common characteristic of their white hue. The specific type of white cheese can vary significantly depending on the geographical location.
Dickinson classification
The Dickinson classification is a library classification scheme used to catalogue and classify musical compositions. It was developed by George Sherman Dickinson (1886–1964), and published in 1938. It is used by many music libraries, primarily those at Vassar and Columbia Universities.

It is also recorded, albeit incompletely, by Carol June Bradley in The Dickinson Classification for Music, published in 1972.

Library classification
A library classification is a system used within a library to organize materials, including books, sound and video recordings, electronic materials, etc., both on shelves and in catalogs and indexes. Each item is typically assigned a call number, which identifies the location of the item within the system. Materials can be arranged by many different factors, typically in either a hierarchical tree structure based on the subject or using a faceted classification system, which allows the assignment of multiple classifications to an object, enabling the classifications to be ordered in many ways.
Hillsdale College
Hillsdale College is a private, conservative, Christian liberal arts college in Hillsdale, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 1844 by members of the Free Will Baptists. Women were admitted to the college from its foundation, making the college the second-oldest coeducational institution in the United States, after Oberlin College (1837). Hillsdale's required core curriculum includes courses on the Great Books, the U.S. Constitution, theology, biology, chemistry, and physics. The college's mission statement identifies it as a "nonsectarian Christian institution".

Since the late 20th century, in order to opt out of government mandates tied to funding, Hillsdale has declined both state and federal financial support. Instead, Hillsdale depends entirely on private donations to supplement students' tuition.

Martin Gilbert
Sir Martin John Gilbert CBE FRSL (25 October 1936 – 3 February 2015) was a British historian and honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. He was the author of 88 books, including works on Winston Churchill, the 20th century, and Jewish history including the Holocaust.
He was a member of the Chilcot Inquiry into Britain's role in the Iraq War.
Bytown Mechanics' Institute
The Bytown Mechanics' Institute is an Upper Canada example of a knowledge transfer organization aimed at encouraging grassroots participation. These institutions were Victorian and moralistic in tone and class-oriented in structure which, in part, explains their failure. However, they show the tendency towards democratic institutions in the early history of Canada where the border between the United States and Canada was more fluid than in the present era and encourage such ideals. These institutions attempted to include the working class, French Canadians and women, where the British social model did not support these inclusions. The composition of the executive of the Bytown Mechanics' Institute in its various formations illustrates this and exemplifies the issues of cost and available leisure time that would eventually cause the institute's failure.

Bytown
Bytown is the former name of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was founded on September 26, 1826, incorporated as a town on January 1, 1850, and superseded by the incorporation of the City of Ottawa on January 1, 1855. The founding was marked by a sod turning, and a letter from Governor General Dalhousie which authorized Lieutenant Colonel John By to divide up the town into lots.  Bytown came about as a result of the construction of the Rideau Canal and grew largely due to the Ottawa River timber trade.  Bytown's first mayor was John Scott, elected in 1847.
1914–15 Irish League
The 1914–15 Irish League was the 25th edition of the Irish League, the highest level of league competition in Irish football.

The league comprised eight teams, and Belfast Celtic won the championship for the 2nd time.

This was the final league season before World War I. The league would not be officially played again until the 1919–20 season.

1919–20 Irish League
The 1919–20 Irish League was the 26th edition of the Irish League, the highest level of league competition in Irish football.

The league comprised eight teams and Belfast Celtic won the championship for the 3rd time.
Figure skating at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Team event
The figure skating team event at the 2026 Winter Olympics was held from 6 to 8 February at the Milano Ice Skating Arena in Milan, Italy. The team event consisted of competitions in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters and teams earned points based on their placements in each individual event, and the medalists were determined based on the total points earned. The team from the United States won the gold, the Japanese team won the silver, and the Italian team won the bronze.

Yuma Kagiyama
Yuma Kagiyama (鍵山 優真, Kagiyama Yūma; born May 5, 2003) is a Japanese figure skater. He is the 2022 and 2026 Olympic silver medalist, a three-time World silver medalist (2021, 2022, 2024), the 2024 Four Continents Champion, a two-time Olympic silver medalist in the team event (2022, 2026), a three-time Grand Prix Final medalist, a nine-time Grand Prix medalist (eight gold, one bronze), a three-time ISU Challenger Series medalist (two gold, one silver) and a two-time Japanese national champion (2024–25, 2025–26). At the junior level, Kagiyama is the 2020 Youth Olympic champion, the 2020 World Junior silver medalist, and the 2019–20 Japan Junior national champion.

Kagiyama is the former world junior record holder for the free skate and combined total score under the ISU Judging System. He is known for his speed, skating skills, and consistency.
Albert Bell (American football)
Albert Bell II (born April 23, 1964) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL).

Bell was born in Birmingham, Alabama and played scholastically at Crenshaw High School in Los Angeles, California. He played collegiately at the University of Alabama.

Bell signed with the Cleveland Browns in 1987 as an undrafted free agent, but spent the year on the injured reserve list. The following year he was active for five games with the Green Bay Packers.

Crenshaw High School
Crenshaw High School is a four-year public secondary school in the Los Angeles Unified School District, located on 11th Avenue in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Los Angeles, California.

The school first opened in 1968 and currently enrolls around 750 students.
Ferrari Jano engine
The Ferrari Jano V12 was a 60° V12 engine for sports car racing designed by Vittorio Jano for Ferrari and introduced in 1956.  It combined elements of both Colombo and Lampredi V12s with new features. The dry sump, OHC design was produced only until 1958, in displacements from 3.0 L (2,953 cc) and 4.0 L (4,023 cc).

Ferrari 315 S
The Ferrari 315 S is a sports racing car produced by Ferrari in 1957. The model served as the replacement of the Ferrari 290 MM, which had won the 1956 Mille Miglia and was an effort to dethrone the ever powerful Maserati 450S.
Suwanomori Station
Suwanomori Station (諏訪ノ森駅, Suwanomori-eki) is a passenger railway station located in Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Nankai Electric Railway. It has the station number "NK14".

Sakai
Sakai (堺市, Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai, sa.kaꜜi.ɕi]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its kofun, keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The kofun in Sakai include the largest grave in the world by area, Daisen Kofun. Once known for swords, Sakai is now famous for the quality of its cutlery. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 819,965, making it the fourteenth most populous city in Japan (excluding Tokyo).
Róbert Ragnar Spanó
Róbert Ragnar Spanó (born 27 August 1972) is an Icelandic-Italian jurist, judge, and former president of the European Court of Human Rights. He has been a partner at the multinational law firm of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher since the end of this tenure as president of the court in October 2022. He started his tenure as president of the court on 18 May 2020, succeeding Judge Sicilianos from Greece. Before beginning his service on the court on 1 November 2013, he served provisionally as parliamentary ombudsman of Iceland and dean of the Faculty of Law, University of Iceland. Spano's mandate as a judge and president of the court ended on 31 October 2022 when he was succeeded by Judge Siofra O'Leary.

Síofra O'Leary
Síofra O’Leary (born 20 September 1968) is an Irish lawyer and judge who served as president of the European Court of Human Rights from November 2022 to July 2024 and as a judge of the European Court of Human Rights since July 2015. She previously served as a vice-president of the European Court of Human Rights in 2022.
Kåfjord, Alta
Kåfjord (Norwegian), Gávvuonna (Northern Sami), Kaavuono (Kven) is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Kåfjorden, about 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of the town of Alta along the European route E6 highway. The village of Kvenvik lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the east, also along the E6 highway.

At the summit of Mount Haldde, about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) by a track from Kåfjord, is a restored Northern Lights Observatory, established by Kristian Birkeland in 1899 and operational until 1926, when it was transferred to Tromsø.

Kåfjorden (Alta)
Kåfjorden (Norwegian) or Njoammelgohppi (Northern Sami) is a fjord in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) long fjord branches off the main Altafjorden. The village of Kåfjord and the Kåfjord Church both lie along the northern coast of the fjord. The European route E06 highway follows the northern shoreline of the fjord. A bridge over Kåfjorden was built in 2013 to shorten the E6 highway route around the fjord.

The fjord was the anchorage of the German battleship Tirpitz for much of World War II, which was attacked by British midget submarines during Operation Source in 1943 and by aircraft during Operation Tungsten, Operation Mascot, Operation Goodwood and Operation Paravane in 1944.