hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dafeng, Yancheng
Dafeng District (simplified Chinese: 大丰区; traditional Chinese: 大豐區; pinyin: Dàfēng Qū) is a coastal district in Yancheng, Jiangsu province, China. Located on the Jiangsu North Plain with a coastline of 112 km (70 mi), Dafeng was historically one of the largest salt-making areas in China and now is famed for its well preserved eco-system and numerous national conservation parks. The district has the largest national nature reserve for a rare deer species, Père David's Deer or Milu (麋鹿) in Chinese. It borders the prefecture-level city of Taizhou to the southwest.

The district nicknamed "the enclave of Shanghai" was a major destination for the sent-down youth from the city. Part of the county was put under Shanghai to establish a municipal farm since 1950, and there are still several farms and two prisons administered by Shanghai at present.

Dafeng Milu Nature Reserve
Dafeng Milu Nature Reserve is located in Dafeng, Jiangsu Province and near the Yellow Sea coast in eastern China, with the whole area 78000 ha, the core area 2668 ha, the buffer area 2220, and the experimental area 73112. The Geological landforms are typical coastal wetland, including tidal flats, seasonal stream and part of artificial wetland together with a lot of forest land, salt marsh, and bare land. The city of Dafeng belongs to subtropical and warm temperate zone, where thermophilic crops can grow well and influenced by the East Asian monsoon. The average annual temperature is 14.5 °C and the normal precipitation is over 750 mm per year.
The Story of Pretty Goldilocks
"The Story of Pretty Goldilocks" or "The Beauty with Golden Hair" is a French literary fairy tale written by Madame d'Aulnoy. Andrew Lang included it in The Blue Fairy Book.

It is Aarne–Thompson type 531.  This type is generally called "The Clever Horse", but is known in French as La Belle aux cheveux d'or, after this tale.  Other tales of this type include Ferdinand the Faithful and Ferdinand the Unfaithful, The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa, Corvetto, King Fortunatus's Golden Wig.

Corvetto (fairy tale)
"Corvetto" is an Italian literary fairy tale written by Giambattista Basile in his 1634 work, the "Pentamerone".

It is Aarne-Thompson type 531.  Other tales of this type include "The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa", "Ferdinand the Faithful and Ferdinand the Unfaithful", "King Fortunatus's Golden Wig".  Another, literary variant is Madame d'Aulnoy's "La Belle aux cheveux d'or", or "The Story of Pretty Goldilocks".
Serdar Berdimuhamedow
Serdar Gurbangulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow (born 22 September 1981) is a Turkmen businessman and politician serving as the third and current president of Turkmenistan since 2022. Berdimuhamedow had previously served in several other positions within the government of his father, Gurbanguly, the long-standing authoritarian ruler of Turkmenistan. The father and son entered into a power-sharing arrangement in 2022, through which they jointly rule a totalitarian dictatorship in Turkmenistan.

In 2021, he became one of several deputy chairmen in the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan. The next year, he won 73 percent of the vote in the country's presidential election, considered to be a sham election, succeeding his father's 18-year-long totalitarian tenure as president and making Turkmenistan the first modern country in Central Asia to be ruled by a dynastic system.

Assembly of Turkmenistan
37°55′51″N 58°22′46″E﻿ / ﻿37.93083°N 58.37944°E﻿ / 37.93083; 58.37944

The Assembly (Turkmen: Mejlis) is the unicameral legislature of Turkmenistan. Between March 2021 and 21 January 2023, it was the lower house of the National Council of Turkmenistan. It consists of 125 members, who are elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies.
Mucheke Stadium
Mucheke Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Masvingo, Zimbabwe.

It is currently used mostly for football matches and serves as the home stadium for Masvingo United, who play in the top division in Zimbabwean football. The stadium has a capacity of 5,000 people.  Masvingo United was established in 1997.

Masvingo
Masvingo, formerly known as Fort Victoria, is a city in southeastern Zimbabwe and the capital of Masvingo Province. The city lies close to Great Zimbabwe, the national monument from which the country takes its name and close to Lake Mutirikwi, its recreational park, the Kyle dam and the Kyle National Reserve that is home to a range of animal species. It is mostly populated by the Karanga people who form the biggest branch of the various Shona tribes in Zimbabwe.
Tell Tamer
Tell Tamer (Arabic: تَلّ تَمْر, romanized: Tall Tamr, Kurdish: گرێ خورما, romanized: Girê Xurma or Til Temir, Syriac: ܬܠ ܬܡܪ) also known as Tal Tamr or Tal Tamir, is a town in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. It is the administrative center of the Tell Tamer Subdistrict consisting of 13 municipalities.

Originally built and inhabited by Assyrians of the Upper Tyari tribe in the late 1930s, the town is predominantly populated by Arabs, with Assyrians remaining a substantial minority of about 20%. At the 2004 census, Tell Tamer had a population of 7,285.

Eastern al-Hasakah offensive
The Eastern al-Hasakah offensive was launched in the Al-Hasakah Governorate during the Syrian Civil War, by the Kurdish-majority People's Protection Units, Assyrian militias, and allied Arab forces against the jihadist Islamic State (ISIL or ISIS), with the intent of retaking the areas of the Jazira Canton that had been captured by ISIL. Subsequently, the Syrian Armed Forces also launched an assault against the jihadists, without coordinating with the YPG. While the Kurdish forces and the Syrian Government managed to expel the Islamic State from the vast majority of the eastern al-Hasakah Governorate, including the towns of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak, ISIL launched a large-scale offensive in the western part of the province in response, abducting up to 400 Assyrian Christian hostages.
Junkers Jumo 204
The Jumo 204 was an opposed-piston, inline, liquid-cooled 6-cylinder aircraft Diesel engine produced by the German manufacturer Junkers. It entered service in 1932. Later engines in the series, the Jumo 205, Jumo 206, Jumo 207 and Jumo 208, differed in stroke, bore, and supercharging arrangements.

Junkers G 24
The Junkers G 24 was a German three-engine, all-metal low-wing monoplane passenger aircraft manufactured by Junkers from 1925. Junkers F 24 was the designation for single-engine versions of the same aircraft.
Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.

Root-knot nematode
Root-knot nematodes are plant-parasitic nematodes from the genus Meloidogyne. They exist in soil in areas with hot climates or short winters. About 2000 species of plants worldwide are susceptible to infection by root-knot nematodes and they cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Root-knot nematode larvae infect plant roots, causing the development of root-knot galls that drain the plant's photosynthate and nutrients. Infection of young plants may be lethal, while infection of mature plants causes decreased yield.
Cần Thơ
Cần Thơ (Vietnamese pronunciation: [kə̀n tʰə̄ː] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in Vietnam, and the largest city along the Mekong Delta region in Vietnam. It is noted for its floating markets, Bánh tráng-making village, and picturesque rural canals. It has a population of around 4,199,824 as of 2024, and is located on the south bank of the Hậu River, a distributary of the Mekong River.

The city is nicknamed the "Western Metropolis" (Tây Đô / 西都), and is located 169 kilometres (105 miles) from Hồ Chí Minh City.

Cần Thơ Museum
Can Tho Museum is a museum in Cần Thơ, Vietnam. Situated on the corner of Hoa Binh and Tran Quoc Toan streets it was established in 1976 and has more than 5000 objects and historical relics. The museum acknowledges earlier settlement by the Khmer people as well as the contributions of the Chinese Ming refugees and later arrivals. The museum displays the Delta's watercraft by models and watercraft depictions.

Cần Thơ Museum is the largest museum in the Mekong Delta, with a total surface area of 2,700 square meters.  The huge museum's exhibits present the history of the Cần Thơ resistance, which was waged against foreign rule. Other notable exhibits are on the region's culture and history. One of the most alluring objects on display at the museum is a life-size pagoda.
Mill Creek and Mine Hill Navigation and Railroad Company
The Mill Creek & Mine Hill Navigation and Railroad Co. was the second railroad built in Pennsylvania and the third in the United States, beginning operations in mid–1829. It was a short four mile line (eventually with about five miles of lateral connections) extending from Port Carbon, Pennsylvania along the Mill Creek towards active anthracite coal mines. Its purpose was to transport mined coal to Port Carbon which was the terminus for the Schuylkill Canal, the conduit to markets in Philadelphia.

Oldest railroads in North America
This is a list of the earliest railroads in North America, including various railroad-like precursors to the general modern form of a company or government agency operating locomotive-drawn trains on metal tracks.
Medical Institute Jorhat
Medical Institute, Jorhat (MIJ), is a medical institute located in Jorhat, Assam India.

The institute trains Rural Health Practitioners (RHPs), who serve as medical professionals in the rural areas at sub-centers and at the PHC level. RHPs are trained practitioners of the allopathic system of medicine.

The course offered by the institute is the Diploma in Medicine and Rural Health Care (DMRHC). The DMRHC is a 3+1⁄2-year medical course, now known as B.Sc. Community Health and Graduates of this course are designated as Community Health Officers (CHOs) and the CHOs are now practicing at sub-centers and PHCs in the various districts of Assam under National Health Mission (NHM) on a contractual basis. This course has now been replaced by a new course known as B.Sc. Family and Community Health and has been withdrawn from the institute.

Jorhat
Jorhat (/ˈdʒɔːrhɑːt/ ⓘ JOR-haht/Assamese: [zʊ(ɹ).ɦat]) is a city in the Indian state of Assam, located 300 km east of state capital Dispur. It is the administrative headquarters of the Jorhat District. Jorhat is also the home to Asia's oldest golf course the Jorhat Gymkhana Club. Located on the banks of the Bhogdoi River, Jorhat is the 2nd biggest city in the state of Assam.
Kim Kulig
Kim Nadine Kulig-Soyah (née Kulig; born 9 April 1990) is a German retired footballer who played as a midfielder or forward for VfL Sindelfingen, Hamburger SV, 1. FFC Frankfurt and the Germany national team.

UEFA Women's Euro 2009
The 2009 UEFA Women's Championship, often known as the 2009 Women's Euros or just the 2009 Euros, was played in Finland between 23 August and 10 September 2009. The host was appointed on 11 July 2006, in a UEFA Executive Committee meeting in Berlin and the Finnish proposal won over the Dutch proposal.

The UEFA Women's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA, the European governing body, who have qualified for the competition. The competition aims to determine which national women's team is the best in Europe.

The 2009 tournament was won by Germany for a fifth straight and record-extending seventh time in total. They beat England, appearing in their first final since 1984, 6–2 in the final. The Germans also boasted the tournament's leading goalscorer in Inka Grings.

Iceland, Netherlands and Ukraine made their debut.
Great Harwood Town F.C.
Great Harwood Town F.C. was a football club based in Great Harwood, Lancashire, England. They joined the Lancashire Combination in 1979 and made their way up to the Northern Premier League Division One during the early 1990s. Although, after spending most of the decade in the league they were ultimately relegated down to the North West Counties League Division Two. Despite being promoted to Division One for the 2004–05 season, the team were relegated back down to Division Two for the 2005–06 season, and folded at the end of the season. The folding was mainly attributed to a fire at their home stadium.

Great Harwood
Great Harwood is a town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, located 5 miles (8.0 km) north east of Blackburn and adjacent to the Ribble Valley. Great Harwood is part of the "Three Towns" conurbation along with the towns of Clayton-le-Moors and Rishton. In 2001, the town had a population of 11,220, which decreased to 10,800 at the census of 2011.
Union Square Main Streets
Union Square Main Streets is a community development organization in Somerville, Massachusetts that aims to enhance the Union Square area's commercial viability through collaborative efforts in design, promotion, economic restructuring, transportation, and organization.

Somerville, Massachusetts
Somerville (/ˈsʌmərvɪl/ SUM-ər-vil) is a city located directly to the northwest of Boston, and north of Cambridge, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a total population of 81,045 people. With an area of 4.12 square miles (10.7 km2), the city has a density of 19,671/sq mi (7,595/km2), making it the most densely populated municipality in New England and the 19th most densely populated incorporated municipality in the country. Somerville was established as a town in 1842, when it was separated from Charlestown. In 2006, the city was named the best-run city in Massachusetts by The Boston Globe. In 1972, 2009, and 2015, the city received the All-America City Award. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus along the Somerville and Medford border.
Bejeweled 3
Bejeweled 3 is a tile-matching puzzle video game developed and published by PopCap Games. It is the fifth game in the Bejeweled series following Bejeweled Blitz (2010) and succeeds Bejeweled 2 (2004) as the latest mainline title in the Bejeweled series. It was released for Windows and Mac OS X on December 7, 2010, as part of the 10 Years of Bejeweled celebration, which celebrated the 10th anniversary of the original Bejeweled (2000); it was ported to several other consoles afterward.

Bejeweled 3 introduces several new elements to the mainline series, with some features from previous spin-off titles such as Bejeweled Twist and Bejeweled Blitz being integrated into the game, such as being able to match while other gems are falling, the replay feature, new special gems, an achievement and ranking system, and more.

PopCap Games
PopCap Games, Inc. is an American video game developer based in Seattle and a subsidiary of Electronic Arts. The company was founded in 2000 by John Vechey, Brian Fiete, and Jason Kapalka.

Originally founded under the name Sexy Action Cool, their first title was a strip poker game which served as a revenue stream for future titles. PopCap has developed several games for computers, consoles, and mobile devices with their most popular games being Bejeweled, Peggle, Zuma, and Plants vs. Zombies. PopCap was acquired and became a subsidiary of Electronic Arts on July 12, 2011.
Battle of Ann
In September 2024, the Arakan Army (AA) launched an offensive to capture the town of Ann in Myanmar, the location of the headquarters of the Myanmar military's Western Command. The battle was a culmination of a year-long offensive by the Arakan Army to capture the entirety of Rakhine State. The battle ultimately resulted in the total defeat of junta forces on 20 December 2024 and the capture of Ann and Ann Airport by Arakan Army forces.

Ann, Myanmar
Ann (Burmese: အမ်းမြို့) is a town in Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). It has a population of 119,714 and is served by Ann Airport. It hosts the general headquarters of the Myanmar Army's Western Command.
Far North Line
The Far North Line is a rural railway line entirely within the Highland area of Scotland, extending from Inverness to Thurso and Wick. As the name suggests, it is the northernmost railway in the United Kingdom. The line is entirely single-track, with only passing loops at some intermediate stations allowing trains to pass each other. Like other railway lines in the Highlands and northern Lowlands, it is not electrified and all trains are diesel-powered.

Helmsdale railway station
Helmsdale railway station is a railway station serving the village of Helmsdale in the Highland council area, northern Scotland. It is located on the Far North Line, between Brora and Kildonan, 101 miles 40 chains (163.3 km) from Inverness. ScotRail, who manage the station, operate all services.
Hathor 27
Hathor 26 – Coptic calendar – Hathor 28

The twenty-seventh day of the Coptic month of Hathor, the third month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to November 23, of the Julian calendar, and December 6, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.

Hathor 28
Hathor 27 – Coptic calendar – Hathor 29

The twenty-eighth day of the Coptic month of Hathor, the third month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to November 24, of the Julian calendar, and December 7, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence. This day falls in the Nativity Fast.
Flash Airlines
Flash Airlines was a private charter airline operating out of Cairo, Egypt that was part of the Flash Group tourism company. The airline operated two Boeing 737-3Q8 aircraft manufactured in 1993 on non-scheduled commercial passenger flights on both international and domestic routes.

Flash Airlines Flight 604
Flash Airlines Flight 604 was a charter flight from Sharm El Sheikh International Airport in Egypt to Charles de Gaulle International Airport in Paris, France, with a stop-over at Cairo International Airport, provided by Egyptian private charter company Flash Airlines. On 3 January 2004, the Boeing 737-300 that was operating the route crashed into the Red Sea shortly after takeoff from Sharm El Sheikh International Airport, killing all 135 passengers, most of whom were French tourists, and all thirteen crew members. The findings of the crash investigation were controversial, with accident investigators from the different countries involved unable to agree on the cause of the accident.

Flight 604 was the deadliest air disaster in Egypt until it was surpassed eleven years later by the bombing of Metrojet Flight 9268. It remains the deadliest accident involving a 737 Classic aircraft.
Terril Community School District
Terril Community School District was a school district headquartered in Terril, Iowa.

On July 1, 2010, it merged with the Graettinger Community School District to form the Graettinger–Terril Community School District.

Graettinger–Terril Community School District
43°14′11″N 94°45′18″W﻿ / ﻿43.236389°N 94.755097°W﻿ / 43.236389; -94.755097

Graettinger–Terril Community School District (G-T) is a rural public school district in Iowa, with campuses in Graettinger and Terril. The district lies within four counties: Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, and Palo Alto.

In 2013, the district had 329 students.
Vandemere, North Carolina
Vandemere is a town in Pamlico County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Vandemere had a population of 246. It is part of the New Bern, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Pamlico County, North Carolina
Pamlico County (/ˈpæmlɪkoʊ/ PAM-lik-oh) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,276. Its county seat is Bayboro. Pamlico County is part of the New Bern, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Robert Williams (archdeacon of Gower)
Christianity portal

Robert Williams (born 1951) is a Welsh Anglican priest. He was the Archdeacon of Gower from 2000 to 2016.

Williams was educated at the University of Wales Bangor and St. Michael's College, Llandaff and ordained in 1976. He held incumbencies at Reynoldston and  Denbigh before his appointment as Archdeacon.

Archdeacon of Gower
The archdeacon of Gower is the priest in charge of the archdeaconry of Gower, an administrative division of the Church in Wales Diocese of Swansea and Brecon. The archdeaconry comprises the six deaneries of Clyne, Cwmtawe, Gower, Llwchwr, Penderi and Swansea.
Csepel SC
Csepel SC (Hungarian: [ˈt͡ʃɛpɛl]) is a Hungarian sports club based in Csepel, the XXI district of Budapest, which is on an island in the Danube in the south of the city. The club was formed in 1912 as Csepeli Torna Klub ("gymnastics club").

Csepel
Csepel (German: Tschepele), officially known as the 21st District of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapest XXI. kerülete) is a district and a neighbourhood in Budapest, Hungary. Csepel officially became part of Budapest on 1 January 1950.
Roy Wood Sellars
Roy Wood Sellars (July 9, 1880, Seaforth, Ontario – September 5, 1973, Ann Arbor, Michigan) was a Canadian-born American philosopher of critical realism and religious humanism, and a proponent of naturalistic emergent evolution (which he called evolutionary naturalism). Sellars received his B.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, where he taught for over 40 years. He is the father of Wilfrid Sellars.

In his 1969 book Reflections on American Philosophy From Within he described his views on materialism as evolutionary materialism, an extension to his 1922 groundbreaking book Evolutionary Naturalism.

He helped draft the Humanist Manifesto in 1933 and also signed the Humanist Manifesto II in 1973. Sellars was a supporter of socialism, saying that socialism was a democratic conception of economic organisation which "will give the maximum possible at any one time of justice and liberty".

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Adamsville, Alabama
Adamsville is a city in western Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. It is north from the Birmingham suburb of Pleasant Grove. It initially incorporated in 1901 (although the 1910 U.S. Census stated 1900), but disincorporated in 1915. It later reincorporated in 1953. As of the 2020 census, Adamsville had a population of 4,366.

Jefferson County, Alabama
Jefferson County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama, located in the central portion of the state. As of the 2020 census, its population was 674,721. Its county seat is Birmingham. Its rapid growth as an industrial city in the 20th century, based on heavy manufacturing in steel and iron, established its dominance. Jefferson County is the central county of the Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.