hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Earl of Douglas
This page is concerned with the holders of the forfeit title Earl of Douglas and the preceding feudal barons of Douglas, South Lanarkshire. The title was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1358 for William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas, son of Sir Archibald Douglas, Guardian of Scotland. The Earldom was forfeited by James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas, in 1455.

Douglas, South Lanarkshire
Douglas (Scottish Gaelic: Dùbhghlas) is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located on the south bank of the Douglas Water and on the A70 road that links Ayr, on the West coast of Scotland, to Edinburgh on the East, around 12 miles south west of Lanark. The placename is of Gaelic origin, derived from the Old Gaelic dub and glais, meaning "dark stream", in reference to the Douglas Water. The Douglas family took this name when their ancestors settled here in the 12th century.
Holbrook High School (Arizona)
Holbrook High School is a high school in Holbrook, Arizona, United States. It is the only high school under the jurisdiction of the Holbrook Unified School District. Adjacent to the school is a Bureau of Indian Affairs-operated dormitory, the Tiisyatin Residential Hall, housing a maximum of 128 students.

Holbrook USD (which is the high school's attendance boundary) serves the majority of the city of Holbrook and several census-designated places in Navajo County, Arizona: Greasewood, Indian Wells, Sun Valley, Woodruff, and much of Dilkon and Whitecone.

Holbrook Unified School District
Holbrook Unified School District is a school district based in Holbrook, Arizona, United States. Currently it is one of the highest paying school districts in Navajo County.

Holbrook USD serves the majority of the city of Holbrook and several census-designated places in Navajo County, Arizona: Greasewood, Indian Wells, Sun Valley, Woodruff, and much of Dilkon and Whitecone.
Rubber duck debugging
Rubber duck debugging (or rubberducking) is a debugging technique in software engineering, wherein a programmer explains their code, step by step, in natural language—either aloud or in writing—to reveal mistakes and misunderstandings.

The name is a reference to a story in the book The Pragmatic Programmer. It tells a story of a developer who carried a rubber duck and explained their code to it line by line. Variations of the practice use other objects or even pets; teddy bears are especially common.

Learning by teaching
In the field of pedagogy, learning by teaching  is a method of teaching in which students are made to learn material and prepare lessons to teach it to the other students. There is a strong emphasis on acquisition of life skills along with the subject matter.
Hongyun Subdistrict
Hongyun Subdistrict (Chinese: 红云街道; pinyin: Hóngyún Jiēdào) is a subdistrict and the seat of Dingcheng District in Changde Prefecture-level City, Hunan, China. Dividing a part of the former Wuling Town (Chinese: 武陵镇), the subdistrict was formed in 2013. It has an area of 11.26 km2 (4.35 sq mi) with a population of 34,900 (as of 2013).

Wuling Town
Wuling Town (Chinese: 武陵镇; pinyin: Wǔlíng Zhèn) was a historic town of Dingcheng District (the former Changde County) in Changde Prefecture-level City, Hunan, China. It was established on March 12, 1981, named after Wuling (Chinese: 武陵) of local ancient name; Guojiapu Township (Chinese: 郭家铺乡) was merge to the town. As a township-level division, Wuling Town ceased to be a separate town, It was divided into 3 subdistricts of Guojiapu, Hongyun and Yuxia in 2013.

Wuling Town was located on the southern bank of the Yuan River, It was surrounded by Wuling District across the Yuan river to the west, north and east, Doumuhu Town to the south.

In 2013, the town had an area of 37.67 km2 (14.54 sq mi) with a population of 152,000, it was divided into 21 commities and four villages, its seat was Yuxia Community (Chinese: 玉霞社区; the seat of the present of Yuxia Subdistrict).
Körslaget 2010
Körslaget 2010 is the fourth season of TV4's entertainment show Körslaget. It premiered on 20 March 2010.  A feature of this season was Gabriel Forss's comment on each performance, and a choir was led by two contestants, Team Rongedal. It was also the first season to be aired on TV4 HD.

Körslaget
Körslaget (The Battle of Choirs) is a Swedish entertainment TV program on TV4. The format was developed by Friday TV and based on an idea from Caroline af Ugglas, Heinz Liljedahl and Patrik Hambraeus. A US version, Clash of the Choirs, was broadcast on NBC in December 2007.

In each season of Körslaget, seven known musicians from Sweden start their own choirs with 20 members in each. Each choir then performs one song in each program, and the audience then votes (either through a telephone call or SMS messaging) on the choir(s) they want to remain in the season. The team/choir with the fewest votes is eliminated in each program until one winning team remains; however, in the first program no team is eliminated. The winning team receives a certain amount of prize money to be donated to something in the city that the choir in question came from.
NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Writing in a Dramatic Series
This article lists the winners and nominees for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series. The award was first given during the 2007 ceremony and since its conception, Shonda Rhimes holds the record for the most wins with five and is currently the only writer to win in this category more than once.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
WKDB
WKDB (95.3 FM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a Spanish contemporary hit radio format. Licensed to Laurel, Delaware, United States, the station serves the Salisbury-Ocean City area.  The station is owned by The Voice Radio Network.

On August 24, 2009, Great Scott Broadcasting broke apart. The B 101.7/95.3, and began simulcasting Studio 106.1 on 95.3 FM with an old school R&B format. The format was dropped in late 2011, as the station reverted to a simulcast of WZEB.

On November 3, 2014, WKDB changed its format to Spanish hits, branded as "Máxima 95.3".

WZEB
WZEB (101.7 FM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a contemporary hit radio format. Licensed to Ocean View, Delaware, United States, the station serves the Salisbury-Ocean City market. The station is owned by The Voice Radio Network.
Trematodon
Trematodon is a genus of moss belonging to the family Bruchiaceae.

The genus was first described by André Michaux.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Trematodon ambiguus Hornschuch, 1819

Bruchiaceae
Bruchiaceae is a family of haplolepideous mosses in subclass Dicranidae. The family was previously placed in the order Dicranales, but are now placed in their own monotypic order, Bruchiales.

These moses have the greatest occurrence in temperate regions.
They are mosses with long-necked, cleistocarpous (having the capsule opening irregularly without an operculum) capsules and mitrate calyptras.
Ruger Hawkeye
The Ruger Hawkeye is a single-shot pistol chambered for the .256 Winchester Magnum cartridge, produced by Sturm, Ruger & Co. from 1963 until July 1964.  It was built on the same frame as the Ruger Blackhawk, but rather than having a rotating cylinder like a standard revolver, it featured a swiveling breechblock which allowed an individual round to be loaded and sealed into the frame.

The Ruger Hawkeye pistol was not a commercial success, and was discontinued after only 3,075 were produced.

Sturm, Ruger & Co.
Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc., better known by the shortened name Ruger, is an American firearm manufacturing company based in Southport, Connecticut, with production facilities also in Newport, New Hampshire; Mayodan, North Carolina; and Prescott, Arizona. The company was founded in 1949 by Alexander McCormick Sturm and William B. Ruger and has been publicly traded since 1969.

Ruger produces bolt-action, semi-automatic, and single-shot rifles, semi-automatic pistols, and single- and double-action revolvers.  According to the ATF statistics for 2022, Ruger is the largest firearm manufacturer in the United States, surpassing Smith & Wesson.
Loa Sek Hie
Loa Sek Hie Sia (1898, Batavia –  1965, The Hague) was a colonial Indonesian politician, parliamentarian and the founding Voorzitter or chairman of the controversial, ethnic-Chinese self-defense force Pao An Tui (1946–1949). He was a Peranakan of Chinese-Indonesian, Austrian and Javanese descent. In his political career, he campaigned against racial discrimination and demanded better healthcare and education for ethnic Chinese in the Dutch East Indies.

Volksraad (Dutch East Indies)
The Volksraad (People's Council) was an advisory, and later semi-legislative institution for the Dutch East Indies, provided for by law in 1916 but only established with the actual installation of the Council in 1918. It was a hesitant and slow attempt at democratisation of the Dutch East Indies as part of the "ethical policy" adopted by the Dutch government. The power of the Volksraad was limited as it only had advisory powers. Although part of the council was elected, only a small proportion of the population had voting rights.

Initially, the Volksraad had 39 members, eventually rising to 60. It was reconstituted every four years. The members were partly elected, and partly appointed by the colonial administration.
Eddie Brown (Canadian football)
"Downtown" Eddie Brown (born August 6, 1966) is a former slotback in the Canadian Football League (CFL) between 1990 and 2002. Brown played with eight CFL teams, and appeared in two Grey Cup championships with the Edmonton Eskimos, winning the 81st Grey Cup in 1993.

In 1995, he played for the Memphis Mad Dogs. In 1996, after the demise of the Memphis Mad Dogs, he re-signed with the Edmonton Eskimos. In 1999, he played for the BC Lions.

In total he caught 532 passes for 8663 yards in 160 career CFL games with 63 touchdowns. Eddie had 3 1,000 yard seasons, all with Edmonton, and was a CFL All-Star in 1996 as well as Western All-Star in 1996 and 1999.

His shoestring catch in the snow of the 84th Grey Cup is considered to be one of the most memorable plays in Grey Cup history.

Memphis Mad Dogs
The Memphis Mad Dogs were a Canadian football team that played the 1995 season in the Canadian Football League. The Mad Dogs were part of a failed attempt to expand the CFL into the United States. They played at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium.

The team's principal owner was Fred Smith, founder of FedEx.
Capital and Coast District Health Board
The Capital and Coast District Health Board (CCDHB) was a district health board with the focus on providing healthcare to Wellington, Porirua and the Kāpiti Coast in New Zealand. The CCDHB employed about 6000 people across the Wellington Region. It was disestablished on 1 July 2022, with its functions and responsibilities being taken over by the national health service Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand).

Wellington Region
Greater Wellington, also known as the Wellington Region (Māori: Te Upoko o te Ika), is the southernmost region of the North Island of New Zealand. The local government region covers an area of 8,049 square kilometres (3,108 sq mi), and has a population of 543,400 (June 2025).

The region takes its name from Wellington, New Zealand's capital city and the region's seat. The Wellington urban area, including the cities of Wellington, Porirua, Lower Hutt, and Upper Hutt, accounts for 79 percent of the region's population; other major urban areas include the  Kapiti conurbation (Waikanae, Paraparaumu, Raumati Beach, Raumati South, and Paekākāriki) and the town of Masterton.
The Rugby Championship
The Rugby Championship, formerly known as the Tri Nations Series (1996–2011), is an international rugby union competition contested by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. These are traditionally the four highest-ranked national teams in the Southern Hemisphere.

The competition is administered by SANZAAR, a consortium consisting of four national governing bodies: the South African Rugby Union (SARU), New Zealand Rugby (NZR), Rugby Australia (RA) and the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The inaugural Tri Nations Series tournament was in 1996, and was won by New Zealand. South Africa won their first title in 1998, and Australia their first in 2000. Following the last Tri Nations Series tournament in 2011, New Zealand had won ten championships, with South Africa and Australia on three titles each. The first Rugby Championship was won by New Zealand, who won all six of their matches.

1998 Tri Nations Series
The 1998 Tri Nations Series was contested from 11 July to 22 August between the Australia, New Zealand and South Africa national rugby union teams. The Springboks won the tournament.

Australia won the Bledisloe Cup, which New Zealand had won for the 3 previous years. The two Tri-Nations tests gave it a winning 2–0 lead. (It went on to make it 3–0 in the third test which came after the Tri-Nations.)
Ittaqullah
Ittaqullah (Arabic: اتقوا الله) is an Arabic word or word-phrase composed of the words "Ittaqu" (the command or imperative form of the word taqwa), and "Allah".  It is found in several verses in the Quran, and appears often in Muslim literature.

It has been translated variously as "fear God", "keep your duty to Allah and fear Him", "guard your duty to Allah", "be careful of (your duty to) Allah", "be pious to Allah", "be aware of Allah",  to "love and be faithful to", as well as fear Allah, "piety".

An Islamic encyclopedia explains:

...Ittaqullah has been used numerous times in the Quran and means to follow and remain in harmony with the laws of Allah. In verse 5:2 it has been used as an antonym of udwan, or rebellion, disobedience...

Taqwa
Taqwa (Arabic: تقوى taqwā / taqwá) is an Islamic term for being conscious and cognizant of God, of truth, "piety, fear of God." It is often found in the Quran. Those who practice taqwa — in the words of Ibn Abbas, "believers who avoid shirk with Allah and who work in His obedience" — are called muttaqin (Arabic: المُتَّقِين al-muttaqin). (See:Fear of God and God-fearer)
Sound of Joy
Sound of Joy is an album by Sun Ra and his Arkestra.  It features the Arkestral lineup during the last few months of 1956, after trombonist Julian Priester left to join Lionel Hampton, Charles Davis became a regular member of the band, and Victor Sproles took over on bass.  It was intended as the follow-up to Jazz By Sun Ra but Transition Records ceased to operate before it could be released.

Four of the tracks were included on Sun Ra and his Solar Arkestra Visits Planet Earth, released in 1966. The entire LP was eventually released in 1968 by Delmark Records, who also re-issued Jazz by Sun Ra. Two ballads, written by Sun Ra and sung by Clyde Williams, were left off the original album, however, because the president of Delmark Records, Bob Koester, "felt they didn't fit with the other pieces on the session." The songs were reinstated when the album was re-issued on CD in 1994.

Sun Ra and his Solar Arkestra Visits Planet Earth
Sun Ra and his Solar Arkestra Visits Planet Earth is a jazz album by the American musician Sun Ra and his Solar Arkestra. Recorded between late 1956 and 1958, the album was originally released on Ra's own Saturn label in 1966, and was reissued on CD by Evidence in 1992. In keeping with many Saturn releases, one side features cuts from the arkestra c.1958, whilst the other side comes from the 1956 sessions originally intended for Sound of Joy but still unreleased in 1966.
Flint Rasmussen
Flint Rasmussen (born January 25, 1968) is an American former professional rodeo barrelman. He is the most famous barrelman in the history of bull riding.

A former high school math and history teacher, Rasmussen signed a contract with the Professional Bull Riders and provided entertainment at their Premier Series events. Also long associated with the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association, he earned the title of PRCA Clown of the Year for eight consecutive years and won the Coors Man in the Can honor seven times.

Rodeo clown
A rodeo clown, bullfighter or rodeo protection athlete, is a rodeo performer who works in bull riding competitions. Originally, the rodeo clown was a single job combining "bullfighting" — the protection of riders thrown from the bull — with providing comic relief. Today, the job is split into two separate ones: bullfighters who protect the riders from the bull, and entertainers (barrelmen) who provide comic humor. However, in some parts of the world and at some small rodeos, the jobs of bull rider protection and comic remain combined.
SBB RAm TEE I and NS DE4
The SBB RAm TEE I and NS DE4 were a class of five 4-car diesel-electric trainsets ordered for Trans Europe Express (TEE) service. Two were ordered by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) and three by Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS)

Trans Europ Express
The Trans Europ Express, or Trans-Europe Express (TEE), was an international first-class railway service in western and central Europe that was founded in 1957 and ceased in 1995. At the height of its operations, in 1974, the TEE network comprised 45 trains, connecting 130 different cities, from Spain in the west to Austria in the east, and from Denmark to Southern Italy.
Banksia epica
Banksia epica is a shrub that grows on the south coast of Western Australia. A spreading bush with wedge-shaped serrated leaves and large creamy-yellow flower spikes, it grows up to 3½ metres (11½ ft) high. It is known only from two isolated populations in the remote southeast of the state, near the western edge of the Great Australian Bight. Both populations occur among coastal heath on cliff-top dunes of siliceous sand.

One of the most recently described Banksia species, it was probably seen by Edward John Eyre in 1841, but was not collected until 1973, and was only recognised as a distinct species in 1988. There has been very little research on the species since then, so knowledge of its ecology and cultivation potential is limited. It is placed in Banksia ser. Cyrtostylis, alongside its close relative, the well-known and widely cultivated B. media (southern plains banksia).

Banksia subg. Banksia
Banksia subg. Banksia is a valid botanic name for a subgenus of Banksia. As an autonym, it necessarily contains the type species of Banksia, B. serrata (saw banksia). Within this constraint, however, there have been various circumscriptions.
Mr. Horn
Mr. Horn is a 1979 American Western miniseries based on Tom Horn's writings, starring David Carradine. It was directed by Jack Starrett from a screenplay by William Goldman. This version came out just prior to the 1980 feature film Tom Horn, which starred Steve McQueen.

Emmet Crawford
Emmet Crawford (December 22, 1844 – January 18, 1886) was an American soldier who rose through the ranks to become an officer. He was most noted for his time spent in the Arizona Territory under General George Crook in the United States Cavalry. He was killed in pursuit of the Apache leader Geronimo in January 1886 in Mexico.
Higher Huxley Hall
Higher Huxley Hall was a manor house, later a luxury 5-star hotel, in Cheshire, England, located about 7 miles southeast of Chester. It lies west of the village of Huxley. Lower Huxley Hall lies less than half a mile to the immediate north of the hall. It dates from at least the 13th century and today has a white facade. Once in the possession of the Cholmondeley family, in 1850 it was owned by a Mr. R. Salmon. However, in 1896 it was reportedly in the hands of a Mr. Vere Cholmondeley.

Cheshire portal

Lower Huxley Hall
Lower Huxley Hall is a moated manor house in Cheshire, England, located about  6.5 miles (10 km) southeast of Chester. It lies roughly halfway between the villages  of Huxley (to the southeast) and Hargrave (to the southwest), It dates from the late 15th century, with major additions and alterations in the 17th century.  A small addition was made to the rear in the 19th century.  It was originally a courtyard house, but only two wings remain. The house is designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building.
Fetih I Giray
Fetih I Giray (c. 1529–1597, reigned 1596–97) was briefly khan of the Crimean Khanate, interrupting the reign of his elder brother Ğazı II Giray (1588–1607). He was one of the many sons of Devlet I Giray. Khan Adil Giray (1666–1671) was said to be his grandson.

Devlet I Giray
Devlet I Giray (1512–1577, r. 1551–1577, Crimean Tatar: I Devlet Geray, دولت كراى; Taht Alğan Devlet Geray, تخت آلغان دولت كراى) was Khan of Crimea from 1551 to 1577. Events during his reign included the fall of Kazan to Russia in 1552, the fall of the Astrakhan Khanate to Russia in 1556, and the burning of Moscow by the Crimean Tatars in 1571. Another notable event was the defeat of the Crimeans near Moscow in 1572. Cossack raids into the Crimea were also common during his reign.
Raywell
Raywell is a hamlet in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England located in the civil parish of Skidby and situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) north-west of Hull city centre and 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Swanland.

It is located on the crossroads of Westfields Road and Riplingham Road. These roads link Riplingham (South Cave), Eppleworth (Cottingham) and Kirk Ella.

Raywell consists of a farm and an old manor house. Raywell Park is a local Scout/Girl guides residential and camping site, where the Humberside Scout County offices are located. Locally it is also noted because of a number of walks that start there.

Eppleworth
Eppleworth is a hamlet in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated on Westfields Road and lies 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south of Skidby and 2 miles (3.2 km) to the west of Cottingham.  Further west along Westfields Road lies Raywell.

Eppleworth forms part of the civil parish of Skidby.

In 1823 Baine's History, Directory and Gazetteer of the County of York gave Eppleworth's name as 'Epplewith'. At the time it was in the parish of Skidby and the Wapentake of Harthill. Recorded in the hamlet were a farmer and a yeoman.