hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xicheng, Beijing
Xicheng (Chinese: 西城区; pinyin: Xīchéng Qū; lit. 'West City District') is a district of the city of Beijing. Its 32 square kilometers (12 sq mi) cover the western half of the old city (largely inside the 2nd Ring Road; the eastern half is Dongcheng District), and has 1,106,214 inhabitants (2020 census). Its postal code is 100032. Xicheng is subdivided into 15 subdistricts of the city proper of Beijing. The former Xuanwu District was merged into Xicheng in July 2010.

The Xidan commercial district, Beijing Financial Street, Beihai Park, Jingshan Park, Shichahai, and Zhongnanhai are all within its jurisdiction. The popular Houhai bar area is also in Xicheng Precinct.  Before the 1911 Revolution, most royalty and aristocrats resided in the precinct. The oldest Catholic church in Beijing, the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception is located in Xicheng.

Line 1 (Beijing Subway)
Line 1 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁1号线; pinyin: Běijīng dìtiě yīhào xiàn) is the oldest and one of the busiest lines of Beijing's mass transit rail network.  The line runs underneath Chang'an Avenue, the city's grand east–west thoroughfare, right through the heart of Beijing with stops on either side of Tiananmen Square. Line 1's color is dark red. Through operation with the Batong line started on August 29, 2021.
Height of Buildings Act of 1910
The Height of Buildings Act of 1910 was an Act of Congress passed by the 61st United States Congress on June 1, 1910, to limit the height of buildings in the District of Columbia, amending the Height of Buildings Act of 1899. The new height restriction law was more comprehensive than the previous law, and generally restricts building heights along residential streets to 90 feet (27 m), and along commercial corridors to the width of the right-of-way of the street or avenue on which a building fronts, or a maximum of 130 feet (40 m), whichever is shorter.

Height restriction laws
Height restriction laws are laws that restrict the maximum height of structures. There are a variety of reasons for these measures. Some restrictions serve aesthetic values, such as blending in with other housing and not obscuring important landmarks. Other restrictions may serve a practical purpose, such as height restrictions around airports for flight safety. Height restriction laws for housing have become a source of contention by restricting housing supply, increasing housing costs, and depressing land values.
Shahriyar III ibn Jamshid
Shahriyar III ibn Jamshid was the Baduspanid ruler of Ruyan and Rustamdar from 937 to 949. He belonged to a distant branch of the family, descended from Afridun ibn Karan. After a period of instability and dynastic struggles, Shahriyar emerged victorious and took over the throne, thus establishing a new line known as the Shahriyarids, succeeding the previous Afridunids. The new line notably wielded the pre-Islamic title of ustandar, originally an administrative title of provincial governors under the Sasanian Empire.

Ostandar
Ostandar or Ustandar was an administrative title wielded by provincial governors under the Sasanian Empire. They governed the royal lands, known as the ostan. The title was later assumed by the Baduspanids of Ruyan, starting with Shahriyar III ibn Jamshid (r. 937–949).
Nenets Autonomous Okrug
The Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Не́нецкий автоно́мный о́круг; Nenets: Ненэцие" автономной округ’, romanized: Nyeneciye” awtonomnoy okruk’) also known as Nenetsia (Russian: Нене́ция [nʲɪˈnʲet͡sɨjə]) is a federal subject of Russia and an autonomous okrug of Arkhangelsk Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Naryan-Mar. It has an area of 176,700 square kilometers (68,200 sq mi) and a population of 42,090 as of the 2010 Census, making it the least populous federal subject. It is the only federal subject of Russia that is divided into only one district.

A plan to merge the autonomous okrug with Arkhangelsk Oblast was presented by the governors of both federal subjects on 13 May 2020, with a referendum planned for September, but was met with opposition by locals,
leading to the merger process being scrapped completely.

Autonomous okrugs of Russia
Autonomous okrugs, (Russian: автономный округ, romanized: avtonomnyy okrug) which are also referred to as "autonomous districts" or "autonomous areas" are a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation and simultaneously an administrative division type of some federal subjects. As of 2024, Russia has four autonomous okrugs of its 83 federal subjects. The Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the only okrug which is not subordinate to an oblast. The Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a part of Arkhangelsk Oblast, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug are parts of Tyumen Oblast.

According to the Constitution of the Soviet Union, in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts, and autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum, to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with the seceding union republic, as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status.
Córdoba Open
The Córdoba Open was a men's ATP World Tour 250 series tournament played on outdoor clay courts until 2024. It was held for the first time as part of the 2019 ATP Tour, replacing the Ecuador Open Quito. The tournament took place at the "Polo Deportivo Kempes", a sports complex next to Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes in Córdoba, Argentina. The tournament was part of the Latin American Golden Swing in the ATP Tour until 2024 when it was replaced by the Challenger Córdoba starting in 2025.

Andrés Molteni is the doubles record holder with four victories.

Challenger Córdoba
The Challenger Córdoba is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was first held in Córdoba, Argentina, in 2025 when it replaced the ATP 250 Córdoba Open event.
The Blue Bottle Coffee House
Hof zur Blauen Flasche (the House Under the Blue Bottle) is, according to legend, one of the first coffee houses in Vienna, Austria. It was founded in 1683 by the Pole Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, a hero of the Battle of Vienna.

According to legend, the Blue Bottle was Vienna's first-ever coffeehouse. The story goes that Kulczycki was the only person to recognize that the sacks of dark-brown beans left behind by the invading Ottoman Turks were coffee beans, and he used these spoils to open up a coffeehouse. However, more recent research shows that the first Viennese coffeehouse actually opened in 1685 (one year prior to the Blue Bottle), founded by Johannes Theodat (aka Johannes Diodato or Deodat and Owanes Astouatzatur). Many of the stories about Kulczycki were invented by Gottfried Uhlich in 1783.

Viennese coffee house culture
The Viennese coffee house (German: das Wiener Kaffeehaus, Bavarian: as Weana Kafeehaus) is a typical institution of Vienna that played an important part in shaping Viennese culture.

Since October 2011, the "Viennese Coffee House Culture" is listed as an "Intangible Cultural Heritage" in the Austrian inventory of the "National Agency for the Intangible Cultural Heritage", a part of UNESCO. The Viennese coffee house is described in this inventory as a place, "where time and space are consumed, but only the coffee is found on the bill."
Watsonian FC
Watsonian Football Club is a rugby union club based in Edinburgh and part of the Scottish Rugby Union. It is one of a small number of rugby union clubs entitled to call itself a 'football club', rather than a 'rugby football club'. Watsonians run a number of sides; the top male side plays in the Scottish Premiership, the Women's side plays in the Scottish Womens Premiership (see Watsonians Ladies Rugby).

Between the 2019-2020 and 2023-2024 seasons the club ran a men's professional side which competed in the Super 6 league and Super Sprint competitions.

Scottish Women's Rugby Union
The Scottish Women's Rugby Union (SWRU) was the national governing body for women's rugby union in Scotland. It was responsible for the governance of women's rugby union within Scotland. Its role was all encompassing. It went from youth recruitment, through administrating all senior based (aged 16+) competition, through to the performance and management of the Scotland women's national rugby union team.

At their AGM in June 2009 the SWRU voted unanimously in favour of amalgamating the Scottish Rugby Union and the SWRU to form an integrated national governing body rugby in Scotland.
Let-Mont Tulak
The Let-Mont Tulak (English: rogue, wanderer or tramp) is a Czech microlight aircraft that was designed and produced by Let-Mont sro of Vikýřovice. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft or a kit for amateur construction.

The aircraft was marketed in Austria and Germany under the name Amigo.

Let-Mont
Let-Mont s.r.o. was a Czech aircraft manufacturer based in Vikýřovice. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of kit aircraft.

The company's two designs, the Tulak and the Piper UL, were based upon 1940s and 1950s Piper Aircraft models. The company appears to have gone out of business in the mid-2000s period.

Both aircraft models offered were designed to comply with the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category and were sold ready-to-fly. They were also marketed in the United States as kits for the US homebuilt category, although it seems that none were ever constructed or flown in the US.
Mulkkusaaret
Mulkkusaaret (literally translates to Dick Islands or Penis Islands) is a group of three small islands and one rock in lake Oulujärvi in the Paltamo municipality in Finland. The islands are located north of Tevä island, approximately 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) south-southwest from Melalahti village and approximately 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) north-northwest from Paltaniemi village.

The islands form a chain in northeast-southwest direction, and are mostly covered by boreal forests. Open cliff coasts can be found on all three islands, mainly on the south sides. There is a campfire site and a shelter, laavu,  on the southernmost island.

Oulujärvi
Oulujärvi (Finnish: [ˈou̯luˌjærʋi]) or Lake Oulu or Ule (Swedish: Ule träsk), is a large lake in the Kainuu region of Finland. It is also historically known as Lake Cajania from a former name of Kainuu. With an area of 928 square kilometres (358 sq mi) it is the fifth largest lake in the country. The lake is drained by the Oulu River, which flows northwestward from the lake into the Gulf of Bothnia. Its nickname is the "Kainuu Sea", and it is bordered by the three municipalities of Vaala, Paltamo, and Kajaani. About 40 percent of the lake is in Vaala.
John River (Alaska)
The John River (Iñupiaq: Atchiiniq) is a 125-mile (201 km) tributary of the Koyukuk River in the northern part of the U.S. state of Alaska. It was named after John Bremner, a prospector and explorer who was one of the first non-native persons to go there. It flows south from Anaktuvuk Pass in Alaska's Brooks Range, into the larger river at a point near Bettles, slightly north  of the Arctic Circle.

In 1980, the 52-mile (84 km) segment of the John River within the Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve were designated "wild" and added to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. The designation means that the segment is unpolluted, free-flowing, and generally inaccessible except by trail.

The John River Valley is an important migration route for Arctic caribou.

Anaktuvuk Pass
The Anaktuvuk Pass ("the place of caribou droppings", el. 2,200 ft.) is a mountain pass located in Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve in North Slope Borough in northern Alaska. The Anaktuvuk Pass is in the Brooks Range which divides the Anaktuvuk River with the John River.

Anaktuvuk Pass is a village in the pass, the home of the only concentrated population of the Nunamiut, the only true inland Iñupiat group in Alaska.
Deep One
The Deep Ones are creatures in the Cthulhu Mythos of H. P. Lovecraft. The beings first appeared in Lovecraft's novella The Shadow over Innsmouth (1931), but were already hinted at in the early short story "Dagon". The Deep Ones are a race of intelligent ocean-dwelling creatures, approximately human-shaped but with a fishy appearance.

Numerous Mythos elements are associated with the Deep Ones, including the legendary town of Innsmouth, the undersea city of Y'ha-nthlei, the Esoteric Order of Dagon, and the beings known as Father Dagon and Mother Hydra. After their debut in Lovecraft's tale, the sea-dwelling creatures resurfaced in the works of other authors, especially August Derleth.

Cthulhu
Cthulhu is a fictional cosmic entity created by writer H. P. Lovecraft. The character was introduced in his short story "The Call of Cthulhu", published by the American pulp magazine Weird Tales in 1928. Considered a Great Old One within the pantheon of Lovecraftian cosmic entities, he is depicted as a gigantic entity worshipped by cultists, in the shape of a green octopus, dragon, and a caricature of human form. As the namesake of the Lovecraft-inspired Cthulhu Mythos, Cthulhu has since been featured in numerous pop culture references.
Weltmeister (marque)
Weltmeister (Chinese: 威马汽车) is a Chinese electric car brand owned by WM Motor Technology Co Ltd, a Shanghai-based automotive company which specialises in the creation of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). It launched its first production car, the EX5 in May 2018 at the Beijing Auto Show, with deliveries starting in September 2018. WM investors include Chinese technology companies Baidu and Tencent. Weltmeister vehicles are manufactured at WM Motor's manufacturing facility in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, which has an annual capacity of 100,000 units. WM Motor also maintains R&D facilities in China, Germany and the United States. In October 2023, WM Motor filed for pre-restructuring bankruptcy as the company struggled for cash.

Weltmeister W6
The Weltmeister W6 is a battery electric mid-size crossover SUV produced by the Chinese NEV manufacturer WM Motor (Chinese: 威马汽车) under the brand Weltmeister. Mass production of the W6 began in January 2021.
Northern Dancer Turf Stakes
The Northern Dancer Turf Stakes is a Canadian Thoroughbred horse race held annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario in mid-September. A Grade I event with a current purse of Can$300,000, it is run at a distance of 1+1⁄2 miles on Woodbine's E. P. Taylor turf course.

Inaugurated as the Niagara Handicap, it was first raced on dirt at the Fort Erie Racetrack. In 1957 the race was changed to run on turf and was moved to the Woodbine Racetrack in 1985 where for 1986 only, it was run on dirt. The race became part of the Breeders' Cup program and the name was amended to the Niagara Breeders' Cup Handicap. In 2006, the event was renamed to honour Canada's most famous racehorse, Northern Dancer.

Over the years, the race has been run at various distances:

1+1⁄16 miles : 1953-1956

1+1⁄8  miles : 1957-1975

1+1⁄4  miles : 1990-1994

1+1⁄2 miles : 1976-1989, 1995 to present

Woodbine Racetrack
Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track, as well as a seven-eights turf course. It has been extensively remodeled since 1993, and since 1994 has had three racecourses.
Tubao
Tubao, officially the Municipality of Tubao (Ilocano: Ili ti Tubao; Filipino: Bayan ng Tubao), is a landlocked municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 31,868 people.

Historically, it is known as the "Home of the Native Tobacco" given its thriving tobacco industry. For several decades, the municipality played a significant role in the tobacco trade, with its town center featuring numerous large warehouses and trading posts dedicated to tobacco. In recent years however, corn has emerged as the town's primary agricultural product, with chichacorn being one of its most notable by-products.

The municipality has an average annual income of ₱42,803,624.

Agoo
Agoo ([aˈgɔʔo]), officially the Municipality of Agoo (Ilocano: Ili ti Agoo; Pangasinan: Baley na Agoo; Filipino: Bayan ng Agoo), is a coastal municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 65,256 people.
FP (complexity)
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class FP is the set of function problems that can be solved by a deterministic Turing machine in polynomial time (and for which the function problem also represents a predicate decidable in polynomial time). It is the function problem version of the decision problem class P. Roughly speaking, it is the class of functions that can be efficiently computed on classical computers without randomization.

The difference between FP and P is that problems in P have one-bit, yes/no answers, while problems in FP can have any output that can be computed in polynomial time. For example, adding two numbers is an FP problem, while determining if their sum is odd is in P.
So any decision problem in P can be thought of as a function that outputs 0 or 1, so it’s trivially in FP. In short: .

Polynomial-time function problems are fundamental in defining polynomial-time reductions, which are used in turn to define the class of NP-complete problems.

Function problem
In computational complexity theory, a function problem is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem. For function problems, the output is not simply 'yes' or 'no'.
Intermediate Geographic Region of Belo Horizonte
The Intermediate Geographic Region of Belo Horizonte (code 3101) is one of the 13 intermediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 134 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

It comprises 74 municipalities, distributed in 5 immediate geographic regions:

Immediate Geographic Region of Belo Horizonte.

Immediate Geographic Region of Sete Lagoas.

Immediate Geographic Region of Santa Bárbara-Ouro Preto.

Immediate Geographic Region of Curvelo.

Immediate Geographic Region of Itabira.

Immediate Geographic Region of Sete Lagoas
The Immediate Geographic Region of Sete Lagoas is one of the 10 immediate geographic regions within the Intermediate Geographic Region of Belo Horizonte. It is also among the 70 immediate geographic regions found in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Furthermore, it is one of the 509 immediate geographic regions established by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.
Gimel
Gimel is the third (in alphabetical order; fifth in spelling order) letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician gīml 𐤂, Hebrew gīmel ג‎, Aramaic gāmal 𐡂, Syriac gāmal ܓ Arabic jīm ج‎.  Ancient North Arabian 𐪔‎, South Arabian 𐩴, and Ge'ez ገ.

Its sound value in the original Phoenician and in all derived alphabets, except Arabic, is a voiced velar plosive [ɡ]; in Modern Standard Arabic, it represents either a /d͡ʒ/ or /ʒ/ for most Arabic speakers except in Northern Egypt, the southern parts of Yemen and some parts of Oman where it is pronounced as the voiced velar plosive [ɡ].

In its Proto-Canaanite form, the letter may have been named after a weapon that was either a staff sling or a throwing stick (spear thrower), ultimately deriving from a Proto-Sinaitic glyph based on the hieroglyph below:

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek gamma (Γ), the Latin C, G, Ɣ and Ȝ, and the Cyrillic Г, Ґ, and Ғ.

Tihami Arabic
Tihāmiyyah (Arabic: تهامية Tihāmiyyah; also known as Tihamiyya, Tihami) is the dialect of the Arabic language originally spoken only by the  people of the historic region of the Tihamah which is the coastal plain at the Eastern shore of Yemen. Even though the term Tihama in a broader sense refers to all of the Eastern coastal plain of the Red Sea from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Bab el Mandeb, it is often used especially for the more Southern part of the plain.
Ruthenium pentacarbonyl
Ruthenium pentacarbonyl is the ruthenium compound with the formula Ru(CO)5.  It is a colorless, light-sensitive liquid that readily decarbonylates upon standing at room temperature.  It is of academic interest as an intermediate for the synthesis of metal carbonyl complexes.

Metal carbonyl
Metal carbonyls are coordination complexes of transition metals with carbon monoxide ligands. Metal carbonyls are useful in organic synthesis and as catalysts or catalyst precursors in homogeneous catalysis, such as hydroformylation and Reppe chemistry. In the Mond process, nickel tetracarbonyl is used to produce pure nickel. In organometallic chemistry, metal carbonyls serve as precursors for the preparation of other organometallic complexes.

Metal carbonyls are toxic by skin contact, inhalation or ingestion, in part because of their ability to carbonylate hemoglobin to give carboxyhemoglobin, which prevents the binding of oxygen.
Casasco d'Intelvi
Casasco d'Intelvi was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Como, on the border with Switzerland.   On 1 January 2018 it was merged with San Fedele Intelvi and Castiglione d'Intelvi to form the new comune of Centro Valle Intelvi.

San Fedele Intelvi
San Fedele Intelvi was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Como, on the border with Switzerland.  On 1 January 2018 it was merged with Casasco d'Intelvi and Castiglione d'Intelvi to form the new comune of Centro Valle Intelvi.
Newburgh Free Academy
Newburgh Free Academy (NFA) is the public high school educating all students in grades 9–12 in the Newburgh Enlarged City School District, which serves the city of Newburgh, New York, most of each of the towns of Newburgh and New Windsor, and portions of the towns of Cornwall and Walkill.

In addition to Newburgh, the enlarged city school district includes the following census-designated places: Balmville, Gardnertown, and Vails Gate, as well as most of the New Windsor CDP and portions of the Orange Lake CDP.

It traces its history back over two centuries, to the years prior to mandatory public education.

Orange Lake, New York
Orange Lake is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 9,770 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area.

The community of Orange Lake is in the western part of the Town of Newburgh, located on the east side of a lake also called Orange Lake.
Ying Tung Estate
Ying Tung Estate (Chinese: 迎東邨) is a public housing estate built on the northeastern coast of Tung Chung, Lantau Island, New Territories, Hong Kong next to Ying Tung Road near The Visionary and Caribbean Coast. It consists of four residential buildings completed in 2018.

Tung Chung
Tung Chung (lit. "eastern stream") is an area on the northwestern coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong. One of the most recent new towns, it was formerly a rural fishing village beside Tung Chung Bay, and along the delta and lower courses of Tung Chung River and Ma Wan Chung in the north-western coast of Lantau Island. The area was once an important defence stronghold against pirates and foreign military during the Ming and the Qing dynasties.

Developed as part of the Airport Core Programme, the North Lantau New Town is the first new town on an outlying island of Hong Kong, with the first phases built on reclaimed land to the north, east and northeast of the original Tung Chung Town. Administratively, Tung Chung is part of Islands District.