hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika (/ˌtæŋɡənˈjiːkə, -ɡæn-/ TANG-gən-YEE-kə, -⁠gan-; Kirundi: Ikiyaga ca Tanganyika) is an African Great Lake. It is the world's second-largest freshwater lake by volume and the second deepest, in both cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia. It is the world's longest freshwater lake. It is also the 6th largest lake by area. The lake is shared among four countries—Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the DRC), Burundi, and Zambia—with Tanzania (46%) and the DRC (40%) possessing the majority of the lake. It drains via the Lukuga River into the Congo River system, which ultimately discharges at Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo into the Atlantic Ocean.

Adaptive radiation
In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, alters biotic interactions or opens new environmental niches. Starting with a single ancestor, this process results in the speciation and phenotypic adaptation of an array of species exhibiting different morphological and physiological traits. The prototypical example of adaptive radiation is finch speciation on the Galapagos ("Darwin's finches"), but examples are known from around the world.
Jordan Mickey
Jordan Grayson Mickey (born July 9, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for Qingdao Eagles of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). He played college basketball for the LSU Tigers before being selected by the Boston Celtics with the 33rd overall pick in the 2015 NBA draft.

BC Khimki
BC Khimki (Russian: БК Химки) is a Russian professional basketball team that is based in Khimki, Moscow Oblast. The club's senior men's first team participates in the Russian Basketball Super League 1. The club's full official name is BC Khimki Moscow Region. Khimki has a Moscow-based rivalry with the Russian club CSKA Moscow.
Clustal
Clustal is a computer program used for multiple sequence alignment in bioinformatics. It is one of the most widely cited bioinformatics software with two of its academic publications amongst the top 100 papers cited of all time, according to Nature in 2014.

Since its first publication in 1988, the software and its algorithms have gone through several iterations, with ClustalΩ (Omega) being the latest version as of 2011. It is available as standalone software, via a web interface, and through a server hosted by the European Bioinformatics Institute.

Sequence alignment
In bioinformatics, a sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences. Aligned sequences of nucleotide or amino acid residues are typically represented as rows within a matrix. Gaps are inserted between the residues so that identical or similar characters are aligned in successive columns.
Sequence alignments are also used for non-biological sequences such as calculating the distance cost between strings in a natural language, or to display financial data.
Sealdah railway station
Sealdah railway station (SDAH) is an NSG–1 category Indian railway station in Sealdah railway division of Eastern Railway zone. Located at Sealdah in central Kolkata, it is one of the railway stations serving the Kolkata metropolitan area, the others being Howrah, Shalimar, Kolkata, Dankuni and Santragachi. It is the second largest and second busiest railway station in India and West Bengal in terms of platforms, tracks and overall daily passenger holding capacity, making it one of the world also.

Over 1.5 million passengers the station is used on a daily basis. It is an important suburban rail terminal of Kolkata Suburban Railway. The station has a metro station, which is on the Green Line of Kolkata Metro.

Dankuni Junction railway station
Dankuni Junction railway station is an important railway station serving Kolkata metropolitan area, Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Dankuni lies on the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line. This railway station is one of the important railway station that serves Kolkata Metropolis,  alongwith Howrah, Sealdah, Santragachi, Shalimar and Kolkata. Dankuni has significantly reduced the traffic congestion of Howrah railway station by emerging as a major halting point in Kolkata Metropolis for those mail and express trains plying to and fro the southern states of India to the Eastern India and  Northeast India which previously use to run via Howrah. It also provides a railway interchange between the Howrah and Sealdah rail division.
Anraku-ji (Ueda)
Anraku-ji (安楽寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Sōtō school in Bessho Onsen, Ueda, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. It is the oldest Zen temple in Nagano Prefecture. The main hall (hon-dō) has a thatched roof and enshrines an image of Sakyamuni flanked by Manjusri and Samantabhadra as principal object of worship.
 Anraku-ji is best known for having the only extant octagonal pagoda in Japan.

Ueda, Nagano
Ueda (上田市, Ueda-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the city had an estimated population of 157,480 in 67,783 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 552.04 square kilometres (213.14 sq mi), which makes it the fifth largest city in Nagano Prefecture in terms of area.
Damanbait Lamare
Damanbait Lamare (born 1997) is an Indian politician from Meghalaya. He is a member of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly from Umroi Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in Ri Bhoi district. He won the 2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election representing the National People's Party.

Umroi Assembly constituency
Umroi is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya state in India. It is part of Ri Bhoi district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. As of 2023, it is represented by Damanbait Lamare of the National People's Party.
Robert Hugh Ferrell
Robert Hugh Ferrell (May 8, 1921 – August 8, 2018) was an American historian. He authored more than 60 books on topics including the U.S. presidency, World War I, and U.S. foreign policy and diplomacy. One of the country's leading historians, Ferrell was widely considered the preeminent authority on the administration of Harry S. Truman, and also wrote books about half a dozen other 20th-century presidents. He was thought by many in the field to be the "dean of American diplomatic historians", a title he disavowed.

Frank C. Walker
Frank Comerford Walker (May 30, 1886 – September 13, 1959) was an American lawyer and politician. He was the United States Postmaster General from 1940 until 1945, and the chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1943 until 1944.
Dunedin Ice Stadium
Dunedin Ice Stadium is an indoor ice sports and public skate centre, that opened in October 2004. It is located in the New Zealand city of Dunedin, in the southern suburb of Saint Kilda. The stadium is owned by Dunedin Ice Sports Inc. and is the current home venue of the Phoenix Thunder in the New Zealand Ice Hockey League (NZIHL) and Dunedin Thunder in the New Zealand Women's Ice Hockey League (NZWIHL). The arena is the only operational indoor ice sports stadium in Dunedin and is the most southern located Olympic sized ice rink in the World.

St Kilda, New Zealand
St Kilda is a suburb of the New Zealand city of Dunedin. A densely populated residential suburb, it lies on the southern part of the city's central plain, to the southwest of the head of the harbour and immediately north of Ocean Beach, parts of which (St Kilda Beach and Middle Beach) are within the suburb and form its major geographical feature. According to the New Zealand Census, St Kilda's 2023 population was 5,710.
Edwin O. Reischauer Memorial House
The Edwin O. Reischauer Memorial House is the former home of American diplomat and Japanese scholar Edwin O. Reischauer in Belmont, Massachusetts.

After Reischauer's death, the house was purchased by Kodansha Publishers. For many years, it was used for special housing for scholars connected with the Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies at Harvard University, and also contained memorabilia of the Reischauers' careers, and hosted a yearly memorial symposium.  In 2010 the house was sold, and it then since served as a private residence. As of 2025, it has been demolished.

Belmont, Massachusetts
Belmont is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a western suburb of Boston and is part of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 27,295, an increase of 10.4% from 2010.
Claudinho (footballer, born 1997)
Cláudio Luiz Rodrigues Parise Leonel (Russian: Клаудио Луиз Родригес Парисе Леонел; born 28 January 1997), commonly known as Claudinho, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a forward for Qatar Stars League club Al Sadd.

2021–22 Russian Premier League
The 2021–22 Russian Premier League (known as the Tinkoff Russian Premier League, also written as Tinkoff Russian Premier Liga for sponsorship reason) was the 30th season of the premier football competition in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the 20th under the current Russian Premier League name.
Flambé
Flambé (UK: /ˈflɑːmbeɪ, ˈflɒ̃-/, US: /flɑːmˈbeɪ/ ⓘ, French: [flɑ̃be]; also spelled flambe) is a cooking procedure in which alcohol is added to a hot pan to create a burst of flames. The word means "flamed" in French.

Flambéing is often associated with the tableside presentation of certain liqueur-drenched dishes set aflame, such as Bananas Foster or Cherries Jubilee when the alcohol is ignited and results in a flare of blue-tinged flame. However, flambéing is also a step in making coq au vin and other dishes and sauces, using spirits before they are brought to the table. By partially burning off the volatile alcohol, flambéing reduces the alcoholic content of the dish while keeping the flavors of the liquor.

Flaming drink
A flaming drink is a cocktail or other mixed drink that contains flammable, high-proof alcohol, which is ignited before consumption. The alcohol may be an integral part of the drink, or it may be floated as a thin layer across the top of the drink. The flames are mostly for dramatic flair. However, in combination with certain ingredients, the flavor of the drink is altered. Some flavors are enhanced, and the process may impart a toasted flavor to some drinks.
Abbeyland, County Westmeath
Abbeyland is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) north of Mullingar.

Abbeyland is one of 14 townlands of the civil parish of Multyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. 
The townland covers 76.22 acres (0.3085 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Multyfarnham to the north and east
Rathganny to the south and Ballynaclonagh to the west and north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 2 listings for Multyfarnham Friary in Abbeyland; one for 11 Franciscan clergymen and lay-brothers and one for 20 students aged between 14 and 22 years.

Ballynaclonagh
Ballynaclonagh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 11.78 kilometres (7 mi) north of Mullingar.

Ballynaclonagh is one of 14 townlands of the civil parish of Multyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 269.27 acres (1.0897 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Donore to the north–east, Abbeyland to the east, Multyfarnham to the east, Rathganny to the south and Soho to the west and north.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 2 houses and 10 inhabitants in the townland.
Raymond L. S. Patriarca
Raymond Loreda Salvatore Patriarca (/ˌpætriˈɑːrkə/; March 17, 1908 – July 11, 1984) was an American mobster and crime boss from Providence, Rhode Island, who became the long-time boss of the Patriarca crime family, whose control extended throughout New England for more than three decades. Patriarca died on July 11, 1984.

Federal Hill, Providence, Rhode Island
Federal Hill is a neighborhood in Providence, Rhode Island. It lies immediately west of the city's Downtown, across Interstate 95. Since the late 19th century, Federal Hill has been an enclave of Providence's Italian American community; today the neighborhood is noted for its abundance of Italian restaurants, markets, and cultural establishments.
Kalumbu
The kalumbu, or kalumbo, is a traditional instrument of the Tonga and Ila people of Zambia and Zimbabwe. A single metal-stringed bow played with a stick is lashed onto a calabash gourd that acts as a resonating chamber. The kalumbu player manipulates the resonance of the instrument by moving the gourd toward and away from his or her chest. Though now quite rare in Africa, the kalumbu is considered the predecessor of the Afro-Brazilian berimbau used in Capoeira performances.

A similar instrument, the dende, is played by children in Botswana. The berimbau of Brazil is another similar instrument.

Musical bow
The musical bow (bowstring or string bow, a subset of bar zithers) is a simple string instrument used by a number of African peoples as well as Indigenous peoples of the Americas. It consists of a flexible, usually wooden, stick 1.5 to 10 feet (0.5 to 3 m) long, and strung end to end with a taut cord, usually metal. It can be played with the hands or a wooden stick or branch. It is uncertain if the musical bow developed from the hunting bow, though the San or Bushmen people of the Kalahari Desert do convert their hunting bows to musical use.

Types of bow include mouth-resonated string bow, earth-resonated string bow, and gourd-resonated string bow.
Mühleggbahn
Mühleggbahn is a funicular in the city of St. Gallen, Switzerland. It leads from a lower station south of the old town, near the abbey, at 676 metres (2,218 ft), to Mühlegg at 474 metres (1,555 ft) in St. Georgen. The line is 323 metres (1,060 ft) long and  functions as an inclined elevator with a single car, and 287 metres (942 ft) in a tunnel. The trip takes about 90 seconds.

The funicular is owned by "Mühleggbahn AG" and operated by Verkehrsbetriebe St. Gallen.

St. Gallen
St. Gallen is a Swiss city and the capital of the canton of St. Gallen. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration (with around 167,000 inhabitants in 2019) and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. Its economy consists mainly of the service sector. The city is home to the University of St. Gallen, one of the best business schools in Europe.

The main tourist attraction is the Abbey of Saint Gall, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Abbey's renowned library contains books from the 9th century. The official language of St. Gallen is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic Swiss German. The city has good transport links to the rest of the country and to neighbouring Germany and Austria. It also functions as the gate to the Appenzellerland.
Binnya Law
Binnya Law (Burmese: ဗညားလော, Burmese pronunciation: [bəɲá lɔ́]; died 1538) was a senior minister at the court of King Takayutpi of Hanthawaddy. He and Binnya Kyan, another senior minister, organized and led the coastal kingdom's defenses, which successfully repulsed the upstart Toungoo's three dry season raids between 1534 and 1538. They both were childhood tutors of the young king, and were absolutely devoted to him. Nonetheless, both ministers were executed in 1538 by the young king who believed in Toungoo's misinformation that the ministers were Toungoo moles. After their death, the king found himself helpless. When Toungoo forces came once again in late 1538, he decided to flee rather than fight.

Takayutpi
Thushin Takayutpi (သုရှင်တကာရွတ်ပိ, pronounced [θṵʃɪ̀ɰ̃ dəɡàjʊʔpḭ], or Taka Yut Pi or Taka Rat Pi; 1511–1539), also called Patira Rāja (ပတိရရာဇာ) was king of Hanthawaddy Pegu from 1526 to 1539. At his accession, the 15-year-old inherited the most prosperous and powerful kingdom of all post-Pagan kingdoms. But he never had control of his vassals who scarcely acknowledged him. A dozen years later, due to the young king's inexperience and mismanagement, the Mon-speaking kingdom founded in 1287 fell to a smaller Toungoo.
South Carolina Highway 20
South Carolina Highway 20 (SC 20) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina.  The highway connects the cities of Abbeville, Belton, Williamston and Greenville. The 53-mile-long (85 km) highway is signed as a west-east highway though it physically runs south-to-north.

Abbeville County, South Carolina
Abbeville County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 24,295. Its county seat is Abbeville. It is the first county (or county equivalent) in the United States alphabetically. Abbeville County included in the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC Combined Statistical Area, known colloquially as the Upstate or the Upcountry.
Ornithogalum narbonense
Ornithogalum narbonense, common names Narbonne star-of-Bethlehem, pyramidal star-of-Bethlehem and southern star-of-Bethlehem, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant with underground bulbs, belonging to the genus Ornithogalum of the family Asparagaceae. The Latin name Ornithogalum of the genus, meaning "bird's milk", derives from the Greek, while the species name narbonense refers to the French town of Narbonne.

Ornithogalum
Ornithogalum is a genus  of perennial plants mostly native to southern Europe and southern Africa belonging to the family Asparagaceae. Some species are native to other areas such as the Caucasus. Some species are classified as noxious invasive weeds in some portions of North America. Growing from a bulb, species have linear basal leaves and a slender stalk, up to 30 cm tall, bearing clusters of typically white star-shaped flowers, often striped with green. The common name of the genus, star-of-Bethlehem, is based on its star-shaped flowers, after the Star of Bethlehem that appears in the biblical account of the birth of Jesus. The number of species has varied considerably, depending on authority, from 50 to 300.
Eastern Archipelago Company
The Eastern Archipelago Company was a company incorporated by British royal charter in 1847. It was active on the island of Labuan off the coast of Borneo from its creation until its dissolution in 1858.

Labuan
Labuan (/ləˈbuːən/), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan (Malay: Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan), is an island federal territory of Malaysia. It includes Labuan Island and six smaller islands off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capital is Victoria, which is best known as an offshore financial centre offering international financial and business services via Labuan IBFC since 1990, as well as being an offshore support hub for deepwater oil and gas activities in the region. It is also a tourist destination for people travelling through Sabah, nearby Bruneians, and scuba divers. The name Labuan derives from the Malay word labuhan, which means "harbour".
Yoon Youngha-class patrol vessel
The   Yoon Youngha-class patrol vessel (Hangul: 윤영하급 미사일고속함) also known as PKG-class patrol vessel is a class of patrol ship of the Republic of Korea Navy. One variant is in active service and a smaller variant is planned. The first being the PKX-A or Yun Youngha-class missile patrol ship (Hangul: 윤영하급 고속함), and the second the PKX-B class patrol boat (also known as Chamsuri-211-class patrol boat or Gumdoksuri-class patrol vessel).

Battle of Yeonpyeong (2002)
The Battle of Yeonpyeong (or Second Battle of Yeonpyeong) (South Korean: 제2연평해전; RR: Je I Yeonpyeong Haejeon) was a confrontation at sea between North Korean and South Korean patrol boats along a disputed maritime boundary near Yeonpyeong Island in the Yellow Sea in 2002. This followed a similar confrontation in 1999. Two North Korean patrol boats crossed the contested border and engaged two South Korean Chamsuri-class patrol boats. The North Koreans withdrew before South Korean reinforcements arrived.

This event sparked controversy in South Korea over the “blocking maneuver” in response to Northern Limit Line violations. Subsequently, the blocking maneuver was removed from the rules of engagement.
Discovery Park (constituency)
Discovery Park is one of the 17 constituencies in the Tsuen Wan District.

The constituency returns one district councillor to the Tsuen Wan District Council, with an election every four years. The seat has been currently held by Lau Cheuk-Yu.
Discovery Park constituency is loosely based on the Discovery Park and Tsuen King Garden with estimated population of 16,074.

Tsuen King Garden
Tsuen King Garden (Chinese: 荃景花園) is one of the largest private housing estates in Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong, located at Tsuen King Circuit. It comprises 12 high-rise buildings in two phases which were completed between 1987 and 1988, and was developed by Sun Hung Kai Properties.
Perry Maxwell
Perry Duke Maxwell (June 13, 1879 – November 15, 1952) was an American golf course architect. He was a founding member of the American Society of Golf Course Architects and was an inductee into the Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame in 2012. He was known as the "father of Oklahoma golf".

Colonial Country Club (Fort Worth)
Colonial Country Club is a private golf club in the southern United States, located in Fort Worth, Texas. The club has hosted an annual PGA Tour event, the Colonial National Invitation, since 1946; it is the longest running non-major tour event to be held at the same venue. The golf course is located on the south bank of the Clear Fork of the Trinity River, just northwest of the campus of Texas Christian University.
Sample abundance
Sample abundance is a signal processing paradigm in which very large numbers of low-precision measurements—often one-bit samples produced by comparators with time-varying thresholds—are leveraged to recover signals or parameters with high fidelity and reduced computational cost. Instead of enforcing difficult constraints (e.g., positive-semidefiniteness or low rank) during reconstruction, many problems under sample abundance are reformulated as overdetermined linear feasibility tasks defined by half-space inequalities. With sufficiently many binary measurements, these inequalities confine the solution to a small polyhedral region around the ground truth, making formerly essential constraints unnecessary. Beyond a critical number of samples, the algorithmic load collapses suddenly—a phenomenon that may be referred to as the sample abundance singularity.

Sampling (signal processing)
In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal. A common example is the conversion of a sound wave to a sequence of "samples".
A sample is a value of the signal at a point in time and/or space; this definition differs from the term's usage in statistics, which refers to a set of such values.

A sampler is a subsystem or operation that extracts samples from a continuous signal. A theoretical ideal sampler produces samples equivalent to the instantaneous value of the continuous signal at the desired points.

The original signal can be reconstructed from a sequence of samples, up to the Nyquist limit, by passing the sequence of samples through a reconstruction filter.