hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volta (crater)
Volta is a lunar impact crater near the northwest limb of the Moon. It is located south-southeast of the crater Xenophanes, and due north of the smaller Galvani. The crater Regnault lies across the western rim of Volta. Attached to the southwest rim of Volta and the southern rim of Regnault is Stokes. The worn Langley is lying between Volta and Stokes in the north and Galvani in the south.

The outer rim of Volta is heavily worn and irregular, with small craters overlying the rim crest, a chain of craters along the east, and Regnault along the west rim. Even the northern rim is irregular, with a gouging valley extending through the north-northeast rim towards Xenophanes. In contrast the interior floor is relatively level and flat, other than some fractures.  Volta B is in the northeast interior, and Volta D is on the southeast rim.

It was named by the IAU in 1964 after Alessandro Volta, an Italian physicist.

Regnault (crater)
Regnault is a lunar impact crater that is located close to the northwest limb of the Moon. It lies across the western rim of the walled plain Volta, with the slightly smaller crater Stokes attached to the southern outer rim. Due to its location, Regnault is not favorably placed for viewing from the Earth. It is seen at a very oblique angle, limiting the detail that can be viewed. The visibility of this crater is also affected by libration of the Moon.

As the eastern rim of Regnault lies across the rim of Volta, that eastern rim is somewhat less prominent than the western half. The rim has not been heavily eroded, although a small craterlet lies across the northern rim. Where it joins Stokes to the south, the rim has been straightened slightly, and ejecta lies across part of the interior floor. The inner walls of Regnault are relatively simple slopes that lead down to the level interior floor. This base is marked only by a few tiny craters and has no central peak.
Young Poland
Young Poland (Polish: Młoda Polska [ˈmwɔ.da ˈpɔl.ska] ⓘ) was a modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature and music, covering roughly the years between 1890 and 1918. It was a result of strong aesthetic opposition to the earlier ideas of Positivism. Young Poland promoted trends of decadence, neo-romanticism, symbolism, Impressionism.

Many of the exhibitions were held at the Palace of Art, also known as "Secession" (Secesja), the headquarters of the Kraków Society of Friends of Fine Arts, in Kraków Old Town.

Polish Positivism
Polish Positivism (Polish: Pozytywizm [pɔ.zɘˈtɘ.vizm] ⓘ) was a social, literary and philosophical movement that became dominant in late-19th-century partitioned Poland following Romanticism in Poland and the suppression of the January 1863 Uprising against the Russian Empire. The Positivist period lasted until the turn of the 20th century and the advent of the modernist Young Poland movement.
Mwale Medical and Technology City
Mwale Medical and Technology City (commonly abbreviated as MMTC) is a planned, community-owned sustainable city located in Butere, Kakamega County, Kenya. The development is centered on a large medical complex, anchored by Hamptons Hospital, which has a reported capacity of 5,000 patients. The city also includes a research and innovation park situated within its Plaza district.

MMTC comprises several functional districts, including an industrial area anchored by a solar power plant, and residential zones that incorporate amenities such as a 36-hole golf course. A commercial district features shopping malls, supermarkets, and hotels, while an airport district has been planned to facilitate patient evacuation to the hospital, including a proposed cable car system.

According to Julius Mwale, the founder of MMTC, the project has cost US$2 billion.

Kakamega County
Kakamega County is a county in the former Western Province of Kenya. It borders Vihiga County to the South, Siaya County to the West, Bungoma and Trans Nzoia counties to the North and Nandi, and Uasin Gishu counties to the East. Its capital and largest town is Kakamega town. The county has a population of 1,867,579, and an area of 3,033.8 km2.
Galaxias bobmcdowalli
Galaxias bobmcdowalli is an extinct species of ray-finned fish in the genus Galaxias. It existed in what is now New Zealand in the early Miocene epoch. It was described by Werner Schwarzhans, R. Paul Scofield, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Jennifer P. Worthy and Trevor H. Worthy in 2012.

Galaxias
Galaxias is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Galaxiidae, and are frequently referred to as the galaxiids. These highly adaptable fish are typically found at temperate latitudes across the Southern Hemisphere.

Galaxiids are scaleless and somewhat tubular in body form, ranging from very slender to quite bulky. They are somewhat torpedo-shaped, with the dorsal and anal fins positioned close to the tail. They are generally small, with typical adults ranging between 4–15 cm (1.6–5.9 in) in total length, with some stocky species attaining around 25 cm (10 in). The largest, Galaxias argenteus, has been recorded at 58 cm (22.8 in; 1.9 ft), although 30–40 cm (12–16 in) is a more typical adult length.
Tupolev Tu-16
The Tupolev Tu-16 (USAF/DOD reporting name Type 39; NATO reporting name: Badger) is a twin-engined jet strategic heavy bomber used by the Soviet Union. It has been flown for almost 70 years. While many aircraft in Soviet service were retired after the Cold War ended, a Chinese license-built version, the Xi'an H-6, remains in service with the People's Liberation Army Air Force.

The bomber saw decades of combat use with the Egyptian and Iraqi Air Forces. Egypt conducted its first combat use in the North Yemen civil war, later in the Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War against Israel, and briefly in the Egyptian–Libyan War. Iraq also used the bomber in the Six-Day War, and later the Iran–Iraq War.

China began license production of Tu-16s in 1959, and developed the H-6 version by 1968. Modern variants such as the H-6K are still being actively produced as of 2020.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
Kartick Kumar
Kartick Kumar is an Indian musician and Sitarist, He was also a disciple of Ravi Shankar and father of Niladri Kumar.

In 1958, Kumar was awarded the President's Gold Medal All India Award for sitar at a music competition held by All India Radio. He moved to Mumbai in 1960.

Niladri Kumar
Niladri Kumar  is an Indian sitar player and music composer. The invention of the zitar was done by him. He is known to be one of the most popular musicians of his generation, as stated by fellow sitar maestro Purbayan Chatterjee. Kamar has collaborated with many top musicians, such as Zakir Hussain, Arjit Singh, and John McLaughlin.
Queenstown Airport (Tasmania)
Queenstown Airport (IATA: UEE, ICAO: YQNS) (also known as Howard's Plains aerodrome or Queenstown landing ground) is an aerodrome located at Howard's Plains west of Queenstown, Tasmania, Australia. Formerly a commercial airport, the aerodrome no longer receives regular passenger services, but is maintained by the West Coast Council for a variety of aviation and non-aviation related uses.

Howard's Plains, Tasmania
Howard's Plains is a plain just west and above the river valley location of Queenstown in Western Tasmania, Australia. It is located to the east of the Henty River catchment area.

It is the location of the junction of the Zeehan Highway and the Queenstown to Strahan road, and the Queenstown, Tasmania aerodrome.

It was not until 1934 that the road out of Queenstown up onto the plain was constructed, utilising unemployed workers.

The completion of the Penghana to Howard's Plains road led to the eventual construction of the Queenstown to Strahan road, and the road to Zeehan in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

In the southern area, it is the location of tailings dams created by the Mount Lyell remediation scheme that are situated above the Queen River.
Dilaton
In particle physics, the hypothetical dilaton is a particle of a scalar field  that appears in theories with extra dimensions when the volume of the compactified dimensions varies.  It appears as a radion in Kaluza–Klein theory's compactifications of extra dimensions.  In Brans–Dicke theory of gravity, Newton's constant is not presumed to be constant but instead 1/G is replaced by a scalar field  and the associated particle is the dilaton.

Type II string theory
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for two of the five consistent superstring theories in ten dimensions. Both theories have  extended supersymmetry which is maximal amount of supersymmetry — namely 32 supercharges — in ten dimensions. Both theories are based on oriented closed strings. On the worldsheet, they differ only in the choice of GSO projection. They were first discovered by Michael Green and John Henry Schwarz in 1982, with the terminology of type I and type II coined to classify the three string theories known at the time.
Basil Spence
Sir Basil Urwin Spence, OM OBE RA (13 August 1907 – 19 November 1976) was a Scottish architect, most notably associated with Coventry Cathedral in England and the Beehive in New Zealand, but also responsible for numerous other buildings in the Modernist/Brutalist style.

Broughton, Scottish Borders
Broughton is a village in Tweeddale in the historical county of Peeblesshire in the Scottish Borders council area, in the south of Scotland, in the civil parish of Broughton, Glenholm and Kilbucho and Upper Tweed Community Council. Broughton is on the Biggar Water, near where it flows into the River Tweed. It is about 7 km east of Biggar, and 15 km west of Peebles.

The village has a post office, village store, tearoom/bistro, bowling green, tennis courts, a village hall, a petrol station and a garage. Since 1979, the village has been home to Broughton Ales, Scotland's original independent microbrewery. Most of the buildings were built by James Dickson in the 1750s, mostly using local stone. In 2001 the census population was recorded at 306.
Burnley Creek
Burnley Creek is a stream in the municipalities of Trent Hills and Alnwick/Haldimand, Northumberland County, in Central Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a right tributary of Percy Creek.

Percy Creek (Northumberland County)
Percy Creek is a stream in the municipalities of Trent Hills and Alnwick/Haldimand, Northumberland County, in Central Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a right tributary of the Trent River. Percy Creek is named after Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Northumberland.
Patrol Forces Southwest Asia
Patrol Forces Southwest Asia (PATFORSWA) is a United States Coast Guard command based in Manama, Bahrain. PATFORSWA was created in November 2002 as a contingency operation to support the U.S. Navy with patrol boats. The command's mission is to train, equip, deploy, and support combat-ready Coast Guard forces conducting operations in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) in the Naval Forces Central Command's area of responsibility. It was commissioned as a permanent duty station in June 2004. In July 2003, PATFORSWA moved from its own compound to facilities at Naval Support Activity Bahrain.

Law Enforcement Detachments
Law Enforcement Detachments (LEDETs) are specialized, deployable maritime law enforcement teams of the United States Coast Guard. First established in 1982, their primary mission is to deploy aboard U.S. and allied naval vessels to conduct counter-drug operations and support maritime law enforcement, interdiction, or security operations. LEDETs are the operational elements of the Coast Guard’s two Tactical Law Enforcement Teams (TACLETs) which are part of the Coast Guard’s Deployable Specialized Forces (DSF). As of April 2010 there are seventeen LEDETs.
RFA Olwen (A122)
RFA Olwen (A122) was an Ol-class "fast fleet tanker" of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), the naval auxiliary fleet of the United Kingdom. She was the lead ship of her class, and launched in 1964 as RFA Olynthus, the second ship to bear this name.

She with her two sisters, were initially known as the Olynthus class. Her design was a development of the two later 1961 Tide-class replenishment oilers. She was renamed Olwen in 1967 to avoid confusion with the Oberon-class submarine, HMS Olympus. The class were then redesignated as the Olwen class and later the Ol class.

Ol-class tanker (1965)
The Ol-class tankers were a series of three  "fast fleet tankers" used by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), the naval auxiliary fleet of the United Kingdom, tasked with providing fuel, food, fresh water, ammunition and other supplies to Royal Navy vessels around the world.
Inishowen Independent
The Inishowen Independent is a local print and digital newspaper for Inishowen, County Donegal, Ireland. It has offices at 66 Millbrae in Buncrana.

Launched in March 2007, it is one of several regional newspapers in the area. The newspaper's print edition is published every Tuesday.

The 48-page newspaper is owned locally and produced by journalists living in Inishowen.. Its output includes news, features, sports reports and event coverage for the Inishowen peninsula.

The newspaper has campaigned on local issues such as the mica crisis facing householders on the peninsula, politics, and environmental issues.

Buncrana
Buncrana (/ˈbʌnkrænə/ bun-KRA-NA; Irish: Bun Cranncha, meaning 'foot of the (River) Crana') is a town in Inishowen in the north of County Donegal in Ulster, the northern province in Ireland. The town sits on the eastern shores of Lough Swilly, being 23 kilometres (14 mi) northwest of Derry and 43 kilometres (27 mi) north of Letterkenny. In the 2022 census, the population was 6,971, making it the second most populous town in County Donegal, after Letterkenny, and the largest in Inishowen.

Buncrana is the historic home of the Ó Dochartaigh (O'Doherty) clan and originally developed as a town around the defensive tower known as O'Doherty's Keep, at the mouth of the River Crana. The town was moved to its present location, just south of the River Crana, when George Vaughan had the current Main Street laid out in 1718.

The town was a major centre for the textile industry in County Donegal from the 19th century until the mid-2000s (decade).
Al-A'raf (surah)
Al-Araf  (Arabic: ٱلأعراف, al-ʾAʿrāf; meaning: The Heights) is the 7th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an, with 206 verses (āyāt). It takes its name from verses 46–47, in which the word A'raf appears. Al-A'raf also refers to a realm of the afterlife in Islam inhabited by those who are evenly balanced in their sins and virtues and so neither in heaven or hell.

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (Asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it was revealed before the Hijra.
According to the  scholar Abul A'la Maududi, the surah  were revealed about the same time as that of the surah Al-An'am, i.e., the last year of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's residence at Makkah: the manner of its admonition clearly indicates that it belongs to the same period and both have the same historical background; however, it cannot be declared with assurance which of these two was uncovered before the other. The audience should keep in mind the introduction to Al-An'am.

Noah in Islam
Noah, also known as Nuh (Arabic: نُوْحٌ, romanized: Nūḥ), is recognized in Islam as a prophet and messenger of God. He is also believed to be the first messenger sent by God. He is one of the Ulul 'azm prophets. Noah's mission was to warn his people, who were plunged in idol worshipping. God charged Noah with the duty of preaching to his people, advising them to abandon idolatry and to worship only God, and to live good and pure lives. Although he preached the Message of God with zeal, his people refused to mend their ways, leading to building the Ark and the Deluge, the Great Flood. In Islamic tradition, it is disputed whether the Great Flood was a global or a local one. Noah's preaching and prophethood spanned 950 years according to the Quran, ahadith and tafsir.
OVRA
The OVRA, unofficially known as the Organization for Vigilance and Repression of Anti-Fascism (Italian: Opera Vigilanza Repressione Antifascismo), was the secret police of the Kingdom of Italy during the reign of King Victor Emmanuel III. It was founded in 1927 under the regime of Italian fascist dictator Benito Mussolini. The OVRA was the Italian precursor of Nazi Germany's secret police. Mussolini's secret police were assigned to stop any anti-fascist activity or sentiment. Approximately 50,000 OVRA agents infiltrated most aspects of domestic life in Italy. The OVRA, headed by Arturo Bocchini, never appeared in any official document, so the official name of the organization still remains unclear.

Secret police
Secret police (or political police) are government agencies that operate as secret services engaging in covert operations against a government's political, ideological or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of police states governed by authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. They protect the political power of a dictator or regime and often operate outside the law to repress dissidents and weaken political opposition, frequently using violence. They may enjoy legal sanction to hold and charge suspects without ever identifying their organization.
Communist Movement of Turkey
The Communist Movement of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Komünist Hareketi, TKH) is a communist party in Turkey. The TKH was split from the People's Communist Party of Turkey in 2015, which was split from the Communist Party of Turkey in 2014.

The TKH is one of the components in the United June Movement, a political coalition initiative which was founded after Gezi Park revolt.

In a press conference held in Ankara in August 2022, it was announced that the party along with the Communist Party of Turkey, the Revolutionary Movement and the Left Party would form a coalition for the 2023 national election; this coalition was entitled the Union of Socialist Forces.

Union of Socialist Forces
The Union of Socialist Forces (Turkish: Sosyalist Güç Birliği) was an electoral alliance in Turkey, formed by Left Party (SOL), Communist Party of Turkey (TKP), Communist Movement of Turkey  (TKH) and Revolution Movement (DH) to contest the Turkish general elections in 2023. The alliance was made public on the 21 August 2022. The alliance was announced alongside a supporting declaration, signed by 226 Turkish public figures, including intellectuals, authors, trade unionists, artists, lawyers and journalists.

It had been stated by members of constituent parties that the Union of Socialist Forces was not merely an electoral alliance. The founding mission of the alliance was to create an independent, non-establishment line for the socialist left in Turkey outside of intra-system politics. But according to statements released after the election, the alliance has ended.
Vefsna
Vefsna (Norwegian), Vaapstenjeanoe (Southern Sami), or Vapstälven (Swedish) is the largest river in Nordland county, Norway. It is 163 kilometres (101 mi) long and drains a watershed of 4,122 square kilometres (1,592 sq mi). Its headwaters lie in the mountains of Børgefjell National Park at the lake Simskardvatnet. The river runs through Hattfjelldal Municipality, Grane Municipality, and Vefsn Municipality. The southern parts of the river are sometimes called the river Susna. The river flows north, not far from the Swedish border, and some of the minor tributaries come from Sweden. At the town of Mosjøen, the river discharges into the Vefsnfjorden. The Laksforsen waterfall lies along its course.

Historically, it was an important salmon fishery, but it has now been infected with the salmon parasite Gyrodactylus salaris.

Vefsn Municipality
Vefsn (Southern Sami: Vaapste) is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Mosjøen (population: 9,843). Some of the notable villages in Vefsn include Drevvassbygda, Elsfjord, and Husvik.

The 1,929-square-kilometre (745 sq mi) municipality is the 41st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vefsn Municipality is the 91st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 13,469. The municipality's population density is 7 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has increased by 1.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Tuplet
In music, a tuplet (also irrational rhythm or groupings, artificial division or groupings, abnormal divisions, irregular rhythm, gruppetto, extra-metric groupings, or, rarely, contrametric rhythm) is "any rhythm that involves dividing the beat into a different number of equal subdivisions from that usually permitted by the time-signature (e.g., triplets, duplets, etc.)" This is indicated by a number, or sometimes two indicating the fraction involved. The notes involved are also often grouped with a bracket or (in older notation) a slur.

The most common type of tuplet is the triplet.

Polyrhythm
Polyrhythm (/ˈpɒlirɪðəm/) is the simultaneous use of two or more rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter. The rhythmic layers may be the basis of an entire piece of music (cross-rhythm), or a momentary section. Polyrhythms can be distinguished from irrational rhythms, which can occur within the context of a single part; polyrhythms require at least two rhythms to be played concurrently, one of which is typically an irrational rhythm. Concurrently in this context means within the same rhythmic cycle. The underlying pulse, whether explicit or implicit can be considered one of the concurrent rhythms. For example, the son clave is poly-rhythmic because its 3 section suggests a different meter from the pulse of the entire pattern.
Comic Court
Comic Court (1945–1973) was a most versatile post-war Australian  bred Thoroughbred racehorse who set race records at distances of 6 furlongs (1,200 metres) and 2 miles (3,200 metres). He won the 1950 Melbourne Cup carrying 9 stone 5 pounds (59 kg) and set an Australasian record of 3 minutes 19½ seconds.

Coolmore Stud Stakes
The Coolmore Stud Stakes, registered as the Ascot Vale Stakes, is a Victoria Racing Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds, at set weights, run over 1200 metres at Flemington Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia, on Victoria Derby Day.  Total prize money is A$2,000,000.
Faridur Reza Sagar
Faridur Reza Sagar (born 22 February 1955) is a Bangladeshi writer and film producer. He is also the managing director of Impress Telefilm Ltd and Channel i. He was awarded the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 2005 and Ekushey Padak in 2015 by the government of Bangladesh.

Channel i
Channel i (Bengali: চ্যানেল আই) is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language satellite and cable television channel owned by Impress Group. It was launched on 1 October 1999, as Bangladesh's first digital television channel. It is one of the oldest satellite television channels in Bangladesh. Channel i is broadcast via satellite television using PanAmSat and Bangabandhu-1, covering most of Asia and parts of Australia. It is sister to the radio station, Radio Bhumi.