hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2016 Summer Olympics torch relay
The 2016 Summer Olympics torch relay which ran from 21 April until 5 August 2016. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on the 27 April. The Brazilian leg began in the capital, Brasília, and ended in Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã Stadium, the main venue of the 2016 Olympics. After having visited more than 300 Brazilian cities, including all 26 state capitals and the Federal District. The end of the relay was the closing to the 2016 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.

Vanderlei de Lima
Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima  (born 4 July 1969) is a retired Brazilian long-distance runner. He was born in Cruzeiro do Oeste, Paraná. While leading the marathon after 35 km (22 mi) at the 2004 Summer Olympics, he was attacked on the course by Irish former priest Cornelius "Neil" Horan. Following the incident, Lima fell from first to third place, eventually winning the bronze medal. He was later awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for his sportsmanship shown in that race.

Lima won the Tokyo International Marathon in 1996 and the Hamburg Marathon in 2004. He won the South American Cross Country Championships in 1995, and the marathon at the Pan American Games consecutively in 1999 and 2003. He lit the Olympic cauldron and carried the Olympic flame during the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Gibbs phenomenon
In mathematics, the Gibbs phenomenon is the oscillatory behavior of the Fourier series of a piecewise continuously differentiable periodic function around a jump discontinuity. The th partial Fourier series of the function (formed by summing the  lowest constituent sinusoids of the Fourier series of the function) produces large peaks around the jump which overshoot and undershoot the function values. As more sinusoids are used, this approximation error approaches a limit of about 9% of the jump, though the infinite Fourier series sum does eventually converge almost everywhere.

The Gibbs phenomenon was observed by experimental physicists and was believed to be due to imperfections in the measuring apparatus, but it is in fact a mathematical result. It is one cause of ringing artifacts in signal processing. It is named after Josiah Willard Gibbs.

Henry Wilbraham
Henry Wilbraham (25 July 1825 – 13 February 1883) was an English mathematician.  He is known for discovering and explaining the Gibbs phenomenon nearly fifty years before J. Willard Gibbs did. Gibbs and Maxime Bôcher, as well as nearly everyone else, were unaware of Wilbraham's paper on the Gibbs phenomenon.
Amersham Town F.C.
Amersham Town Football Club is a football club based in Amersham, Buckinghamshire England. The club are currently members of the Combined Counties League Premier Division North and play at Spratleys Meadow.

Amersham
Amersham (/ˈæmərʃəm/ AM-ər-shəm) is a market town and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, in the Chiltern Hills, 27 miles (43 km) northwest of central London, 15 miles (24 km) south-east of Aylesbury and 9 miles (14 km) north-east of High Wycombe. Amersham is part of the London commuter belt.

There are two distinct areas:

Old Amersham, set in the valley of the River Misbourne, containing the 13th-century parish church of St. Mary's and several old pubs and coaching inns

Amersham-on-the-Hill, which grew in the early 20th century around Amersham station, which was served by the Metropolitan Railway (now the Metropolitan line) and the Great Central Railway.
OMNOVA Solutions
OMNOVA Solutions, Inc. is a global manufacturer of laminates, performance films and coated fabrics. OMNOVA was founded in 1999 when GenCorp, Inc. spun off its Decorative & Building Products and Performance Chemicals businesses into a separate, publicly traded company. OMNOVA's world headquarters is located in Beachwood, Ohio;  with additional sales, manufacturing and distribution locations throughout Europe and Asia.

Aerojet Rocketdyne
Aerojet Rocketdyne was a company, and later a subsidiary of American defense company L3Harris, that manufactured rocket, hypersonic, and electric propulsive systems for space, defense, civil and commercial applications. Aerojet traced its origins to the General Tire and Rubber Company (later renamed GenCorp, Inc. as it diversified) established in 1915, while Rocketdyne was created as a division of North American Aviation in 1955. Aerojet Rocketdyne was formed in 2013 when Aerojet and Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne were merged, following the latter's acquisition by GenCorp, Inc. from Pratt & Whitney. Aerojet Rocketdyne was acquired by L3Harris in July 2023 for $4.7 billion. In 2026, L3Harris agreed to sell the "Space Propulsion and Power Systems" sector of Aerojet Rocketdyne to AE Industrial Partners, who will spin off the business under the name "Rocketdyne", and to hold an IPO for the remaining "Missile Systems" sector.
Russell Island (Nunavut)
Russell Island is an uninhabited island of the Arctic Archipelago in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in the Parry Channel, separated from the northern tip of Prince of Wales Island by the narrow Baring Channel. The western third of the island is separated from the other two thirds by a narrow lake and its outlet. At the northern end of the lake there is an isthmus just 1.1 km (0.68 mi) wide and this joins the two parts of the island. With a total area of 940 km2 (360 sq mi), it is the largest island offshore of Prince of Wales Island.

William Edward Parry was the first European to sight the island in 1819.

Another, much smaller Russell Island lies off the northwest tip of Devon Island. A third one lies in the West Foxe Islands, in Hudson Strait, southwest of Alareak Island.

Prince of Wales Island (Nunavut)
Prince of Wales Island (French: Île du Prince-de-Galles) is an Arctic island in Nunavut, Canada. This uninhabited island is one of the larger members of the Arctic Archipelago, it lies between Victoria Island and Somerset Island and is south of the Queen Elizabeth Islands.

For administrative purposes, it is divided between Qikiqtaaluk and Kitikmeot regions. There are no permanent settlements on the island.
Lupinus guadalupensis
Lupinus guadalupensis is a rare species of lupine known by the common name Guadalupe Island lupine. It is known only from San Clemente Island, one of the Channel Islands of California, and Guadalupe Island off the coast of Baja California. It is a member of the coastal scrub growing alongside other island endemics and more common plants. This is an annual herb growing 20 to 60 centimeters high. Each palmate leaf is made up of 7 to 9 narrow leaflets up to 5 centimeters long and just a few millimeters wide, sometimes linear in shape. The inflorescence bears whorls of flowers each about a centimeter long and blue in color with a white banner patch which may fade pink. The fruit is a very hairy legume pod up to 6 centimeters long and about one wide. It contains 6 to 8 seeds.

Lupinus
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin, lupine, or regionally bluebonnet, is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The genus includes over 199 species, with centres of diversity in North and South America. Smaller centres occur in North Africa and the Mediterranean. They are widely cultivated both as a food source and as ornamental plants, but are invasive to some areas. For instance, lupine has become an ecological problem in Iceland since the beginning of the 21st century.
Cleander of Macedon
Cleander (Greek: Κλέανδρος), son of Polemocrates  and brother of Coenus was one of Alexander the Great's officers. Cleander replaced Menander as commander of the mercenaries. Towards the winter of 334 BC, Alexander, being then in Caria, sent him to the Peloponnesos to collect mercenaries, and with these he returned and joined the king while he was engaged in the siege of Tyre, 332 BC. In 330, he was employed by Polydamas, Alexander's emissary, to kill Parmenion, under whom he had been left as second in command at Ecbatana. On Alexander's arrival in Carmania, 325 BC, Cleander joined him there, together with some other generals from Media and their forces. But he was accused with the rest of extreme profligacy and oppression, not unmixed with sacrilege, in his command, and was put to death by order of Alexander.

Polemocrates of Elimeia
Polemocrates (Ancient Greek: Πολεμοκράτης) from Elimeia was father of Macedonian general Coenus and of a commander Cleander. Polemocrates had been allotted estates in Chalcidice in the reign of Philip II of Macedon.
Aces & Eights
Aces & Eights were a villainous stable in the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA, later Impact Wrestling), initially consisting of a group of masked wrestlers before their identities were revealed. It had the gimmick of a Vigilante Posse motorcycle club; members of the stable rode motorcycles, wore kuttes, and were referred to as either "prospects" or "patched in". The name of the stable is a reference to the two pair poker hand known as the "dead man's hand".

Garett Bischoff
Garett Bischoff (born April 20, 1984) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and is the son of pro-wrestling executive and personality Eric Bischoff.
Brahan Seer
The Brahan Seer, known in his native Scottish Gaelic as Coinneach Odhar ("Dark Kenneth"), and  Kenneth Mackenzie, was, according to legend, a predictor of the future who lived in the 17th century.

The Brahan Seer is regarded by some to be the creation of the folklorist Alexander MacKenzie (1838–1898) whose accounts occur well after some of the events the Seer is claimed to have predicted. Others have also questioned whether the Seer existed at all.

Hugh Miller (1802-1856), in his Scenes and Legends of the North of Scotland (first edition 1835) gives an account of Kenneth Ore, a Highlander of Ross-shire, who could foresee events by looking through a white stone. Several of the predictions given in the book are the same as in the later book by Alexander MacKenzie.

Brahan Castle
Brahan Castle was situated 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south-west of Dingwall, in Easter Ross, Highland Scotland. The castle belonged to the Earls of Seaforth, chiefs of the Clan Mackenzie, who dominated the area.
Battle for the Gold Pan
The Battle for the Gold Pan (also called The DU/CC Rivalry, or known locally as The Gold Pan) is a series played between the Colorado College Tigers and the University of Denver Pioneers hockey teams.  Denver currently holds the trophy after defeating Colorado College 4-3 on March 8, 2025 to retain the trophy.

The Gold Pan is among the top rivalries in American college ice hockey. With over 300 games played, both the Battle for the Gold Pan and Michigan and Michigan State rivalry have played the most games between schools in the NCAA, this includes the Green Line Rivalry, between Boston University and Boston College and the Border Battle, between Minnesota and Wisconsin.

Denver Pioneers men's ice hockey
The Denver Pioneers men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Denver. They play at Magness Arena in Denver, Colorado. The Pioneers are a member of the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC). Previously, they were members of the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA), from its creation in 1959 until 2013.

The Pioneers have won the most all-time NCAA National Hockey Championships with ten (1958, 1960, 1961, 1968, 1969, 2004, 2005, 2017, 2022, 2024). The Pioneers have won 15 regular season conference championships (13 WCHA, 2 NCHC) and 14 conference playoff championships (15 WCHA, 2 NCHC).

Over 80 Pioneers have gone on to play in the National Hockey League, including Keith Magnuson, Kevin Dineen, Matt Carle (2006 Hobey Baker Award winner), Paul Stastny and Troy Terry.
Montefiore dell'Aso
Montefiore dell'Aso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ascoli Piceno in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Ancona and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Ascoli Piceno.

One of several Hilltowns in Central Italy, Montefiore dell'Aso borders the following municipalities: Campofilone, Carassai, Lapedona, Massignano, Monterubbiano, Moresco, Petritoli, Ripatransone. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Historical sights include the Romanesque-Gothic church of St. Francis, housing the sepulchres of Cardinal Gentile Partino (1310) and painter Adolfo de Carolis, while the apses has frescoes by the Master of Offida.

Petritoli
Petritoli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Fermo in the Italian region Marche, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Ancona and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Ascoli Piceno.

Petritoli borders the following municipalities: Carassai, Monte Giberto, Monte Vidon Combatte, Montefiore dell'Aso, Monterubbiano, Ponzano di Fermo. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Scarlet Sails (film)
Scarlet Sails (Russian: Алые паруса, romanized: Alye parusa) is a 1961 Soviet romantic fantasy film produced by Mosfilm and directed by Alexandr Ptushko.  It is based on Alexander Grin's 1923 romance novel of the same name and stars Vasily Lanovoy and Anastasiya Vertinskaya.  The story is a romantic fantasy and is described as a "fairy tale", though it contains no supernatural elements but two prophecies that came true.

Scarlet Sails (novel)
Scarlet Sails (Russian: Алые паруса, Alye parusa) is a 1923 romantic novel with elements of fantasy by Russian writer Alexander Grin. The author described the genre of the novel as féerie. It is a story about a dream coming true no matter how futile it seems. It was written during 1916–1922.
Boac, Marinduque
Boac, officially the Municipality of Boac (Tagalog: Bayan ng Boac), is a municipality and capital of the province of Marinduque, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 54,365 people.

Situated in the western coast of Marinduque island, the municipality is bordered in the north by the municipality of Mogpog, in the west by the Tayabas Bay and Sibuyan Sea, in the east by the municipality of Torrijos, and in the south by the municipalities of Gasan and Buenavista.

Boac, a heritage town in its own right, is known as one of the main venues of the annual Moriones Festival and is the location of a number of historical sites in Marinduque including the Boac Cathedral fortress church, Casa Real and the Liwasan ng Kalayaan, Laylay Port, and the Battle of Paye site. The municipality is also home to the Marinduque Branch of the National Museum of the Philippines.

Torrijos, Marinduque
Torrijos, officially the Municipality of Torrijos (Tagalog: Bayan ng Torrijos), is a municipality in the province of Marinduque, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 28,535 people.
Lumley Castle
Lumley Castle is a 14th-century quadrangular castle at Chester-le-Street in the North of England, near the city Durham, and a property of the Earl of Scarbrough. It is a Grade I listed building. It is currently a hotel and sits on the banks of the Lumley Park Burn, tributary of the River Wear.

Chester-le-Street
Chester-le-Street (/ˈtʃɛstəlistriːt/) is a market town in County Durham, England. It is located around 6 miles (10 kilometres) north of Durham and is close to Newcastle. The town holds markets on Saturdays. In 2021, the town had a population of 23,555.

The town's history is ancient; records date to a Roman-built fort called Concangis. The Roman fort is the Chester (from the Latin castra) of the town's name; the Street refers to the paved Roman road that ran north–south through the town. The parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert is where the body of St Cuthbert remained for 112 years (from 883 to 995 AD), before being transferred to Durham Cathedral. 
An Old English translation of the Gospels was made in the 10th century: a word-for-word gloss of the Latin Vulgate text, inserted between the lines by Aldred the Scribe, who was Provost of Chester-le-Street.
Curú Wildlife Refuge
The Curú Wildlife Refuge is a Wildlife refuge of Costa Rica, part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, tropical dry forests on the southern Nicoya Peninsula, near Tambor. Although it is a wildlife refuge, it is also private property, forming part of a ranch of 12.14 square kilometres. A small region of the property is used for cattle breeding and growing crops such as soursop, guava, banana, mango and African oil palm, while the remaining area retains its natural vegetation.

The refuge protects the habitat of many types of birds, as well as animals such as white-tailed deer, mantled howler monkeys, Panamanian white-faced capuchin monkeys, coyotes, armadillos and boa constrictors.

Nicoya Peninsula
The Nicoya Peninsula (Spanish: Península de Nicoya) is a peninsula on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. It is divided into two provinces: Guanacaste Province in the north, and the Puntarenas Province in the south. It is located at . It varies from 30–60 km (19–37 mi) in width and is about 120 km (75 mi) long, forming the largest peninsula in the country. It is known for its beaches and is a popular tourist destination.

The main transport and commercial centre in the region is Nicoya, one of the oldest settlements in Costa Rica. Ferries run between the town of Puntarenas on the mainland and the Nicoya Peninsula. There is an international airport in nearby Liberia and small domestic airstrips in Nosara, Carrillo, Tamarindo and Tambor.
Oakland Cemetery (Sag Harbor, New York)
Oakland Cemetery is a public, not-for-profit cemetery located in the village Sag Harbor, New York. It was founded in 1840 and  currently sits on 26 acres bounded by Jermain Ave to the north, Suffolk St to the east, and Joels Ln to the west. It is the permanent resting place of over 4,000 people, including more 18th and 19th century sea captains than in any other Long Island cemetery. It was incorporated in 1884.

Gold and Fizdale
Arthur Gold (6 February 1917 – 3 January 1990) and Robert Fizdale (12 April 1920 – 6 December 1995) were an American two-piano ensemble; they were also authors and television cooking show hosts.

Robert (Bobby) Fizdale was born Robert Fish, the son of John and Rose Fish of Chicago. He had a brother, Walter. Both Gold and Fizdale were of Russian Jewish descent.

Gold and Fizdale met during their student years at the Juilliard School; where Gold was a pupil of Rosina Lhévinne and her husband Josef and Fizdale was a pupil of Ernest Hutcheson. They formed a lifelong gay partnership and shared interests in music (forming one of the most important piano duos of the 20th century), travel, and cooking.
Z. Smith Reynolds Library
The Z. Smith Reynolds Library (also known as ZSR Library) is the main library of Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. An eight-story building, it is located on the university's main (Reynolda) campus, a short distance south of the T. K. Hearn Plaza (the quad). The library opened in 1956. The four-story Wilson Wing was added in 1991.

The building is named for Zachary Smith Reynolds (1911–1932), the son of R. J. Reynolds, a prominent businessman in Winston-Salem.

The library is open to students and faculty in the Undergraduate College, the Wake Forest School of Business, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and the Wake Forest Divinity School.

Its 173,000 square feet (16,100 m2) contains over 1.2 million volumes, while its circulation is over 100,000 per year.

A coffeehouse in the library is run by Camino Bakery.

R. J. Reynolds
Richard Joshua Reynolds (July 20, 1850 – July 29, 1918) was an American businessman and founder of the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.

The son of a tobacco farmer and major enslaver, he worked for his father and attended Emory & Henry College from 1868 to 1870, eventually graduating from Bryant & Stratton Business College in Baltimore. He sold his share of the family business in 1874 and moved south to Winston (now Winston-Salem), North Carolina, to start his own tobacco company. Reynolds was a savvy businessman and a hard worker, and he quickly became one of the wealthiest citizens of Winston-Salem; eventually, he was the wealthiest person in the state of North Carolina. He died in 1918 of pancreatic cancer.
Kabukidō Enkyō
Kabukidō Enkyō (歌舞伎堂 艶鏡, fl. c. 1796) was a Japanese artist who designed ukiyo-e woodblock prints.  Nothing is known of Enkyō's life, and only seven of his works are known, all of which are ōkubi yakusha-e, bust portrait prints of kabuki actors.  Scholars divide them into two groups based on differences in the signatures, and the second group appears to be a set, as the prints depict three brothers from the same play.  Enkyō's identity has been subject to speculation: a student of Sharaku's, even Sharaku himself, or a kyōgen playwright.

Woodblock printing in Japan
Woodblock printing in Japan (木版画, mokuhanga) is a technique best known for its use in the ukiyo-e artistic genre, but it was also used for printing books in the same period. Invented in China during the Tang dynasty, woodblock printing was widely adopted in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868). It is similar to woodcut in Western printmaking in some regards, but was widely used for text as well as images. The Japanese mokuhanga technique differs in that it uses water-based inks—as opposed to Western woodcut, which typically uses oil-based inks. Japanese water-based inks provide a wide range of vivid colors, glazes, and transparency.
Three-spine bass
The three-spine bass (Caraibops trispinosus) is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Synagropidae. It is a deep water species which is found in the western Atlantic from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico to Surinam. This fish was first formally described in 1984 as Synagrops trispinosus but in 2017 was placed in the monotypic genus Caraibops.

Synagropidae
Synagropidae is a small family of ray-finned fishes, sometimes known as the splitfin ocean-basses, in the order Acropomatiformes. Its members were formerly included in the lanternbelly family Acropomatidae.
Edern ap Nudd
Edern ap Nudd (Latin: Hiderus; Old French: Yder or Ydier) was a knight of the Round Table in Arthur's court in early Arthurian tradition. As the son of Nudd (the Nu, Nut or Nuc of Old French, Arthurian romance), he is the brother of Gwyn, Creiddylad, and Owain ap Nudd. In French romances, he is sometimes made the king of a separate realm. As St Edern, he has two churches dedicated to him in Wales.

Gwyn ap Nudd
Gwyn ap Nudd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈɡwɨn ap ˈnɨːð], sometimes found with the antiquated spelling Gwynn ap Nudd) is a Welsh mythological figure, the king of the Tylwyth Teg or "fair folk" and ruler of the Welsh Otherworld, Annwn, and whose name means “Gwyn, son of Nudd”. Described later on as a great warrior with a "blackened face", Gwyn is intimately associated with the otherworld in medieval Welsh literature, and is associated with the international tradition of the Wild Hunt.
Cherry Valley Archeological Site, RI-279
Cherry Valley Archeological Site, RI-279 is an archaeological site in Glocester, Rhode Island

The site contains various archaeological evidence from the pre-historic era.  The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 1, 1984.

Glocester, Rhode Island
Glocester, otherwise officially called the Town of Glocester, Rhode Island, is a town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 9,974 as of the 2020 census. The villages of Chepachet and Harmony are in Glocester. Putnam Pike (U.S. Route 44) runs west through the town center of Glocester into Putnam, Connecticut.