hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
California Pacific Conference
The California Pacific Conference (Cal Pac) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The conference commissioner is Don Ott. Conference leadership is shared among the member institutions. The secretary is Marv Christopher of California Maritime Academy. The conference was formed in 1996.

Sierra Nevada University
Sierra Nevada University (SNU) was a private university in Incline Village, Nevada, in the Sierras. It was governed by a seven-member board of trustees who were locally elected. In 2022, it was announced that the school would no longer be independent and would be merged into the University of Nevada, Reno.
Landiona
Landiona is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Novara. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 600 and an area of 7.3 square kilometres (2.8 sq mi).

Landiona borders the following municipalities: Arborio, Mandello Vitta, Sillavengo, and Vicolungo.

Sillavengo
Sillavengo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Novara.

Sillavengo borders the following municipalities: Arborio, Briona, Carpignano Sesia, Castellazzo Novarese, Ghislarengo, Landiona, and Mandello Vitta.
1925 VFL seconds season
The 1925 VFL seconds season was the 7th season of the VFL seconds competition, the Australian rules football competition operating as the second-tier competition to the Victorian Football League (VFL). This was the first season under this name, having been renamed from the Victorian Junior Football League (VJFL) at the end of the previous season.

Collingwood District won their fourth premiership, defeating Fitzroy by 24 points. The 18-round home-and-away season began on 2 May 1925, with all teams having one bye.

Footscray, Hawthorn and North Melbourne all joined the competition, having all also been admitted into the VFL as senior clubs. Coburg and Leopold left the competition, with the latter replaced by a South Melbourne reserves team (known as South Melbourne Second Eighteen).

AFL reserves
The AFL reserve grade competition, commonly known simply as the AFL reserves, was an Australian rules football competition that operated as a second-tier competition to the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1919 until 1999.

Prior to 1990, it was known as the VFL reserve grade competition, VFL reserves or VFL seconds.

In its final season in 1999, the competition was made up of the reserves teams of all the senior AFL clubs that were based in Victoria, plus that of the Sydney Swans.

Since 2000, the Victorian Football League (VFL), formerly known as the Victorian Football Association (VFA), has operated as a hybrid second-tier senior competition and reserves competition for most of the AFL clubs.
Magnetic Signal Company
The Magnetic Signal Company (abbreviated as MSC) was an American company based in Los Angeles, California, focused on railway signalling. The company was the manufacturer of the ubiquitous "Magnetic Flagman" wigwag railroad crossing (or level crossing) signal, seen all over California and the western states.

Griswold Signal Company
The Griswold Signal Company was an American company focused on railway signalling, based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Founded by Minnesota native Franklin Wolcott Griswold, the company manufactured traffic signals and railroad level crossing signals.
Harold Washington
Harold Lee Washington (April 15, 1922 – November 25, 1987) was an American lawyer and politician who was the 51st mayor of Chicago. In April 1983, Washington became the first African American to be elected as the city's mayor at the age of 60. He served as mayor from April 29, 1983, until his death in 1987. Born in Chicago and raised in the Bronzeville neighborhood, Washington became involved in local 3rd Ward politics under Chicago Alderman and future Congressman Ralph Metcalfe after graduating from Roosevelt University and Northwestern University School of Law. Washington was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1981 to 1983, representing Illinois's first district. Washington had previously served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1965 to 1976 and the Illinois State Senate from 1977 to 1980. A 1994 survey of experts on Chicago politics assessed Washington the third-best mayor in the city's history up to that time.

Mayor of Chicago
The mayor of Chicago is the  chief executive of city government in Chicago, Illinois, the third-largest city in the United States. The mayor is responsible for the administration and management of various city departments.In addition, the Mayor submits proposals and recommendations to the Chicago City Council, is active in the enforcement of the city's ordinances, submits the city's annual budget and appoints city officers, department commissioners or directors, and members of city boards and commissions.

During sessions of the city council, the mayor serves as the presiding officer. The mayor is not allowed to vote on issues except in certain instances, most notably where the vote taken on a matter before the body results in a tie.

The office of mayor was created when Chicago became a city in 1837.
Model village
A model village is a mostly self-contained community, built from the late 18th century onwards by landowners and business magnates to house their workers. "Model" implies an ideal to which other developments could aspire. Although the villages are located close to the workplace, they are generally physically separated from them and often consist of relatively high-quality housing, with integrated community amenities and attractive physical environments.

Bromborough Pool
Bromborough Pool, also known as Bromborough Pool Village and Price's Village, is a village within the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England, to the north of Bromborough. It is situated on the Wirral Peninsula, to the south of Bebington and to the north of Eastham.

Before local government reorganisation on 1 April 1974, it was part of the urban district of Bebington, within the county of Cheshire.
Qwak
Qwak is a 2D puzzle-platform game developed by Jamie Woodhouse. It was initially released for the BBC Micro and Acorn Electron in 1989 as part of Superior/Acornsoft's Play It Again Sam 10 compilation. An updated and enhanced Amiga version was given a budget release by Team17 in 1993. This update added several new features, including a two player mode and additional levels. The game was re-released on the Amiga CD32 later that year in a double-pack with science fiction shooter Alien Breed.

In 2006, Woodhouse completed development of a Game Boy Advance version of Qwak. Microsoft Windows, Macintosh, and iOS versions are also available.

Superior Interactive
Superior Interactive (formerly known as Superior Software Ltd) is a video game publisher. It was one of the main publishers for the BBC Micro and Acorn Electron computers in the 1980s and early 1990s, and occasionally published software to the Commodore 64, Amiga, ZX Spectrum and Amstrad CPC. It currently releases games for Microsoft Windows, iOS and Android, mostly updates of its original games.
Metal (API)
Metal is a low-level, low-overhead hardware-accelerated 3D graphic and compute shader API created by Apple, debuting in iOS 8. Metal combines functions similar to OpenGL and OpenCL in one API. It is intended to improve performance by offering low-level access to the GPU hardware for apps on iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, watchOS and visionOS. It is similar to low-level APIs on other platforms such as Vulkan and DirectX 12.

Metal is an object-oriented API that can be invoked using the Swift, Objective-C or C++17 programming languages.  Full-blown GPU execution is controlled via the Metal Shading Language. According to Apple promotional materials: "MSL [Metal Shading Language] is a single, unified language that allows tighter integration between the graphics and compute programs. Since MSL is C++-based, you will find it familiar and easy to use."

MacOS Ventura
macOS Ventura (version 13) is the nineteenth major release of macOS, Apple's operating system for Macintosh computers. The successor to macOS Monterey, it was announced at WWDC 2022 on June 6, 2022, and launched on October 24, 2022. macOS Ventura was succeeded by macOS Sonoma, which was released on September 26, 2023.

It is named after the city of Ventura and is the tenth macOS release to bear a name from the company's home state of California. The macOS 13 Ventura logo, official graphics and default wallpaper resemble an abstract California poppy.

macOS Ventura is the last version of macOS supporting Macs released in 2017, including the 21.5-inch 2017 iMac and the 12-inch MacBook, with the exception of the iMac Pro, which is supported by releases up to macOS Sequoia.
Nafis Sadik
Nafis Sadik (18 August 1929 – 14 August 2022) was a Pakistani physician, Special Adviser to the UN Secretary General with additional responsibilities as Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Asia, and former executive director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) from 1987 to 2000. She retired from the post in December 2000.

Muhammad Shoaib
Muhammad Shoaib (Urdu: محمد شعیب; 1907–13 May 1976) was a Pakistani politician who served as the finance minister of Pakistan from 15 November 1958 to 8 June 1962 and again from 15 December 1962 to 23 March 1965.
Bogno
Bogno is a former municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.  On 14 April 2013 the former municipalities of Bogno, Cadro, Carona, Certara, Cimadera, Valcolla and Sonvico merged into the municipality of Lugano.

Carona, Ticino
Carona is a former municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.  On 14 April 2013 the former municipalities of Bogno, Cadro, Carona, Certara, Cimadera, Valcolla and Sonvico merged into the municipality of Lugano.
Oil City Oilers
The Oil City Oilers was a minor league baseball team located in Oil City, Pennsylvania between 1940 and 1951. The team played in the Pennsylvania State Association from 1940 to 1942, and later moved to the Middle Atlantic League after World War II ended. The team began in 1940 when the Pittsburgh Pirates relocated their affiliate, the McKeesport Little Braves, to Oil City. The team stayed affiliated with the Pirates until 1947, when it began an affiliation with the Chicago White Sox. That year, the team's name was changed to the Oil City Refiners. The team's name was changed one last time to the Oil City A's, when they merged with the Youngstown A's, in 1951. The team the folded, along with the league, at the end of that season.

The Oilers name originated from an earlier team that represented the city between 1895 and 1907, in the Iron And Oil League and the Interstate League.

Oil City, Pennsylvania
Oil City is the largest city in Venango County, Pennsylvania, United States. Known for its prominence in the initial exploration and development of the petroleum industry, it is located at a bend in the Allegheny River at the mouth of Oil Creek. The population was 9,608 at the 2020 census, and it is the principal city of the Oil City micropolitan area.

Initial settlement of Oil City was sporadic, and tied to the iron industry. After the first oil wells were drilled in 1861, it became central to the petroleum industry while hosting headquarters for the Pennzoil, Quaker State, and Wolf's Head motor oil companies. Tourism plays a prominent role in the region by promoting oil heritage sites, nature trails, and Victorian architecture.
Nelson Rocks
Nelson Rocks is a large privately owned rock formation located in the North Fork Valley of Pendleton County, West Virginia, United States. The area is operated under the name of NROCKS Outdoor Adventures, and was previously known as Nelson Rocks Outdoor Center (NROC).

Via ferrata
A via ferrata (Italian for "iron path", plural vie ferrate or in English via ferratas) is a protected climbing route found in the Alps and certain other alpine locations.  The protection includes steel fixtures such as cables and railings to arrest the effect of any fall, which the climber can either hold onto or clip into using climbing protection.  Some via ferratas can also include steel fixtures that provide aid in overcoming the obstacles encountered, including steel ladders and steel steps.
FC Den Bosch
FC Den Bosch (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː dɛmˈbɔs]) is a professional football club from 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. They currently compete in the Eerste Divisie.

They were founded 18 August 1965, as FC Den Bosch/BVV. They are the successor of BVV (1906) and Wilhelmina (1890). Their stadium is called 'De Vliert', an 6,500 all-seater. Ruud van Nistelrooy started his professional career at this club. In 2005 they finished bottom of the Eredivisie and were relegated and currently compete in the Eerste Divisie.

1970–71 Eerste Divisie
The Dutch Eerste Divisie in the 1970–71 season was contested by 16 teams. FC Den Bosch won the championship. Due to the disbandment of the Tweede Divisie at the end of this season, there was no relegation.
Nine-point stencil
In numerical analysis, given a square grid in two dimensions, the nine-point stencil of a point in the grid is a stencil made up of the point itself together with its eight "neighbors". It is used to write finite difference approximations to derivatives at grid points. It is an example for numerical differentiation. This stencil is often used to approximate the Laplacian of a function of two variables.

Five-point stencil
In numerical analysis, given a square grid in one or two dimensions, the five-point stencil of a point in the grid is a stencil made up of the point itself together with its four "neighbors". It is used to write finite difference approximations to derivatives at grid points. It is an example of numerical differentiation.
Return to Labyrinth
Return to Labyrinth is an original English-language manga based on the Jim Henson 1986 fantasy film Labyrinth. Jake T. Forbes is credited as the creator, and Chris Lie is the illustrator. The covers for all four volumes were drawn by Kouyu Shurei. It is published by Tokyopop.

Return to Labyrinth is a four-part series starting with Volume 1 that was released in August 2006. Volume 2 was released in October, 2007, and was originally going to be titled Goblin Prince of the Labyrinth, but instead the Return to Labyrinth title is used for all volumes. Originally planned as a three-part series, it was announced at the end of the second volume that the story would be expanded to four volumes. Volume 3 was released on May 12, 2009. The final volume was released on August 3, 2010. The story takes place about thirteen years after the events of Labyrinth and centers around Toby, who by this time has grown up into a teenager. The series received mixed reviews.

Hoggle
Hoggle is a fictional character in the 1986 fantasy film Labyrinth. Voiced by Brian Henson, Hoggle was performed as a radio-controlled animatronic puppet with body movements by Shari Weiser. The character was created by director Jim Henson and writer Dennis Lee, and designed by Brian Froud.

A cowardly and irascible dwarf, Hoggle is a servant of King Jareth who is befriended by Sarah Williams. Though tasked with hindering Sarah's progress on her quest through the Labyrinth, Hoggle develops loyalty to her, ultimately helping her to reach Jareth's castle and retrieve her baby brother whom she wished away to the goblins.

The character received a generally positive reception from film critics.
Controller of the Navy (Royal Navy)
The post of Controller of the Navy (abbreviated as CofN) was originally created in 1859 when the Surveyor of the Navy's title changed to Controller of the Navy. In 1869 the controller's office was abolished and its duties were assumed by that of the Third Naval Lord whose title then changed to Third Naval Lord and Controller of the Navy. In 1904 the title was changed again to Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy. In 1965 the office of the Third Sea Lord was abolished. The post-holder is responsible for procurement and matériel in the British Royal Navy.

Originally the post-holder was a member of the Board of Admiralty and later a member of the Admiralty Board.

Department of the Director of Dockyards
The Department of the Director of Dockyards, also known as the Dockyard Branch and later as the Dockyards and Fleet Maintenance Department, was the British Admiralty department responsible from 1872 to 1964 for civil administration of dockyards, the building of ships, the maintenance and repair of ships at dockyards and factories, and the supervision of all civil dockyard personnel.
Dynamo Moscow (bandy)
Dynamo Moscow Bandy Club (Russian: Динамо клуб по хоккею с мячом, Москва) is a Russian Bandy club from Moscow which was founded in 1923.

The bandy team plays in the new Ice Palace Krylatskoye in the outskirts of Moscow. Krylatskoye has hosted both Bandy World Championships and World Speed Skating Championships.

Dynamo Moscow won the World Cup for the first time in 2006, defeating Zorky in the final. The 2006 domestic title was followed by another four consecutive Russian championship titles, until 2017, when they missed the championship play-off, only coming in at eighth place in the regular season league.

Ice Palace Krylatskoye
Krylatskoye Ice Palace (Russian: Ледовый дворец «Крылатское») is an indoor ice arena for speed skating and bandy located in Krylatskoye District, Moscow, Russia. It is the home of  Dynamo Moscow bandy club.
Jacques Anquetil
Jacques Anquetil (pronounced [ʒak ɑ̃k.til]; 8 January 1934 – 18 November 1987) was a French road racing cyclist and the first cyclist to win the  Tour de France five times, in 1957 and from 1961 to 1964.

He stated before the 1961 Tour that he would gain the yellow jersey on day one and wear it all through the tour, a tall order with two previous winners in the field—Charly Gaul and Federico Bahamontes—but he did it. His victories in stage races such as the Tour were built on an exceptional ability to ride alone against the clock in individual time trial stages, which lent him the name "Monsieur Chrono".

He won eight Grand Tours in his career, which was a record when he retired and was surpassed only by Eddy Merckx and Bernard Hinault.

Rudi Altig
Rudi Altig (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːdiː ˈaltɪç] ⓘ; 18 March 1937 – 11 June 2016) was a German professional track and road racing cyclist who won the 1962 Vuelta a España and the world championship in 1966. After his retirement from sports he worked as a television commentator.
Arre, Veneto
Arre is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Padua in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Padua. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,067 and an area of 12.4 square kilometres (4.8 sq mi).

Arre borders the following municipalities: Agna, Bagnoli di Sopra, Candiana, Conselve, Terrassa Padovana.

Conselve
Conselve is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Padua in the Italian region Veneto, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Padua. It has a population of 10,486 and an area of 24.2 square kilometres (9.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Conselve contains the frazione (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Palù and Beolo.

Conselve borders the following municipalities: Arre, Bagnoli di Sopra, Cartura, San Pietro Viminario, Terrassa Padovana, Tribano.
David Pacifico
David Pacifico, known as Don Pacifico (1784? – 12 April 1854), was a Portuguese Jewish merchant and diplomat. He was considered a British subject by birth and was the central victim in the Anglo–Greek dispute in 1850 known as the Don Pacifico Affair.

Don Pacifico affair
The Don Pacifico affair was a diplomatic episode which occurred in 1850 and concerned the governments of Greece, the United Kingdom and Portugal, and is considered an example of gunboat diplomacy. The affair is named after David Pacifico, a Jewish  British subject born in Gibraltar. He had previously been Portuguese consul-general to Greece, dismissed from his consulship for exceeding his authority repeatedly during 1842, but he continued to reside in Athens.

The dispute began in 1849 after Pacifico's house was attacked and vandalised by a mob that included the sons of a government minister, while police, according to Pacifico's claims, watched and neglected to intervene.
Donald deAvila Jackson
Donald deAvila Jackson, M.D. (January 2, 1920 – January 29, 1968) was an American psychiatrist best known for his pioneering work in family therapy.

From 1947 to 1951, he studied under Harry Stack Sullivan. From 1953 to 1962, he worked with Gregory Bateson, John Weakland, Jay Haley and William Fry, developing thinking in the areas of family therapy, brief therapy, systems theory and communication theory. One of the results of this research was the development of the double bind theory of schizophrenia.

In 1958, he founded the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto, California, and was its first director.

Don died by accident while experimenting with possibly sodium pentothal as a form of reaching the subconscious on 29 January 1968.  His death was alluded to cryptically, (often referred to as a suicide) because of the fact he was experimenting on himself.

Jay Haley
Jay Douglas Haley (July 19, 1923 – February 13, 2007) was one of the founding figures of Problem-solving brief therapy and family therapy in general and of the strategic model of psychotherapy, and he was one of the more accomplished teachers, clinical supervisors, and authors in these disciplines.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Towns County, Georgia
This is a list of properties and districts in Towns County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.

Towns County, Georgia
Towns County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,493. Its county seat is Hiawassee. The county was created on March 6, 1856, and named for lawyer, legislator, and politician George W. Towns.
National Museum of Art, Osaka
The National Museum of Art, Osaka (国立国際美術館, Kokuritsu Kokusai Bijutsukan) is a subterranean Japanese art museum located on the island of Nakanoshima, located between the Dōjima River and the Tosabori River, about 10 minutes west of Higobashi Station in central Osaka.

The official Japanese title of the museum translates as the "National Museum of International Art". The museum is also known by the English acronym NMAO (National Museum of Art, Osaka).

National Museum of Western Art
The National Museum of Western Art (国立西洋美術館, Kokuritsu Seiyō Bijutsukan; lit. "National Western Art Museum", NMWA) is the premier public art gallery in Japan specializing in art from the Western tradition. The museum is in the Ueno Park in Taitō, central Tokyo. It received 1,162,345 visitors in 2016.
2013 Rostelecom Cup
The 2013 Rostelecom Cup was the final event of six in the 2013–14 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held at the Luzhniki Small Sports Arena in Moscow on November 22–24. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Skaters earned points toward qualifying for the 2013–14 Grand Prix Final.

2013–14 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2013–14 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final was an international figure skating competition in the 2013–14 season, held together with the ISU Junior Grand Prix Final. The combined event was the culmination of two international series — the Grand Prix of Figure Skating and the Junior Grand Prix.

The competition was held in Fukuoka, Japan from 5 to 8 December 2013, with medals awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior and junior levels.