hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur
The Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur was an annual publication containing articles on literature in the Romance and English languages. The periodical was founded and edited by Adolf Ebert and Ferdinand Wolf.

The journal was founded by Ebert and Wolf in 1859. From 1865 it was edited by Ludwig Lemcke. Until 1871, twelve volumes were published; in 1874, Lemecke began publication anew with a "new series" numbering, now as Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Sprache und Literatur, until 1876.

Ludwig Lemcke
Ludwig Lemcke (25 December 1816 in Brandenburg an der Havel – 21 September 1884 in Giessen) was a German Romance philologist and literary historian.

He studied history, philology and languages at the University of Berlin, and from 1841 worked as a private scholar, and later as a schoolteacher, in Braunschweig. In 1862 he succeeded Adolf Ebert as an associate professor of modern languages and Western literature at the University of Marburg. In 1865 he attained a full professorship, and two years later, relocated as a professor to the University of Giessen. In 1873/74 he served as university rector.

He was editor of the periodical, Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur ("Yearbook of Romance and English Literature"), and the author of several articles in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie.
Pardon of January 6 United States Capitol attack defendants
On January 20, 2025, during the first day of his second term, United States president Donald Trump granted blanket clemency to all people, nearly 1,600, convicted of or awaiting trial or sentencing for offenses related to the January 6 United States Capitol attack that occurred near the end of his first presidential term. Most of them received full pardons, while the sentences of 14 members of the Oath Keepers and the Proud Boys were commuted. More than 600 rioters had been convicted of or pleaded guilty to assault of or obstructing law enforcement officers and 170 of using a deadly weapon.

Daniel Hodges (police officer)
Daniel Hodges is an American police officer with the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Police Department who is known for defending the U.S. Capitol and its occupants during the violent attack in Washington, D.C. Afterwards, he testified on his experience in multiple trials, including the House Select Committee investigating the Capitol attack. Hodges was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal in 2023.
Sampson State Park
Sampson State Park (along with Sampson State Park Beach) is a 2,070-acre (8.4 km2) state park located in Seneca County, New York. The park is south of the city of Geneva in the Town of Romulus on the east shore of Seneca Lake, one of the Finger Lakes.

The park is located on the site of the former Sampson Naval Training Station, which later became the Sampson Air Force Base.

Seneca County, New York
Seneca County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,814. The primary county seat is Waterloo, moved there from the original county seat of Ovid in 1819. It became a two-shire county in 1822, which currently remains in effect and uses both locations as county seats although the majority of Seneca County administrative offices are located in Waterloo. Therefore, most political sources list only Waterloo as the county seat. The county's name comes from the Seneca Nation of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), who occupied part of the region. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Seneca County comprises the Seneca Falls, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY Combined Statistical Area.
Nsungwepithecus
Nsungwepithecus gunnelli, the only species of the genus Nsungwepithecus, is a fossil primate. Known from a single piece of lower jaw preserving the third molar, it is believed to be the member of the Old World monkey group. It is known from the Nsungwe Formation of southwestern Tanzania, which dates to just over 25.2 million years ago. This area has also yielded the early hominoid Rukwapithecus.

Nsungwe Formation
The Nsungwe Formation is a formation in the Rukwa Rift Basin of the East African Rift System, it is Oligocene in age based on U-Pb dating of a tuff horizon within the formation. It is part of the Red Sandstone Group along with the uncomfortably underlying Mid-Cretaceous Galula Formation It is divided into two members, the lower Utengule Member, and the upper Songwe member. It is notable for being one of the most important Paleogene fossil deposits in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Yasir al-Dawsari
Yasir ibn Rashid al-Dawsari (Arabic: ياسر بن راشد الدوسري, romanized: Yāsir ibn Rāshid al-Dawsarī; born 6 August 1980) is a Saudi Islamic scholar who has served as one of the imams of Masjid al-Haram since 2019. A khatib and qāriʾ, he led Taraweeh and Tahajjud prayers at Masjid al-Haram from 2015 and also served as the imam of several mosques in Riyadh since 1995.

Al-Dawsari was born in the Saudi governorate of al-Kharj, southeast of the capital, Riyadh. Al-Dawsari was a student of a group of 'ulama and sheikhs, including Abd al-Aziz Al al-Shaykh, Salih al-Fawzan, and Ibn Jibrin. He also learned qira'at with several shuyukh and qaris, including Bakri Al-Tarabichi and Ibrahim Al-Akhdar. Near the end of 2023, his four-year contract as imam expired, and he did not lead prayers at Masjid al-Haram for about five-and-a-half months. He has since been reappointed as an imam of Masjid al-Haram in Makkah.

Qāriʾ
A qāriʾ (Arabic: قَارِئ, lit. 'reader', plural قُرَّاء qurrāʾ or قَرَأَة qaraʾa; feminine form: qāriʾa Arabic: قَارِئَة) is a person who recites the Quran with the proper rules of recitation (tajwid).

Although it is encouraged, a qāriʾ does not necessarily have to memorize the Quran, just to recite it according to the rules of tajwid with melodious sound.
Balkan music
Balkan music is a type of music found in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. In its broadest sense, it encompasses a variety of music styles across the countries of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia, as well as in European Turkey. The music is characterised by complex rhythm. Famous bands in Balkan music include Taraf de Haïdouks, Fanfare Ciocărlia, and No Smoking Orchestra.

Bagpipes
The bagpipe is a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipe is well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, North Africa, West Asia, around the Persian Gulf and northern parts of South Asia.

The term bagpipes is also used, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as "the pipes", "a set of pipes" or "a stand of pipes".

Bagpipes are part of the aerophone group because to play the instrument,  air must be blown into it to produce a sound.
Hart-Davis, MacGibbon
The British publishing house of Hart-Davis, MacGibbon was formed in 1972 by its parent group, Granada. The parent company had acquired the publishing concern of Rupert Hart-Davis in 1963 and the house of MacGibbon & Kee (founded by James MacGibbon and Robert Kee) in 1968.

When Granada exited the publishing business in 1983, the imprint was sold to William Collins, Sons of Glasgow.

Rupert Hart-Davis
Sir Rupert Charles Hart-Davis (28 August 1907 – 8 December 1999) was an English publisher and editor.  He founded the publishing company Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd.  As a biographer, he is remembered for his Hugh Walpole (1952), as an editor, for his Collected Letters of Oscar Wilde (1962), and, as both editor and part-author, for the Lyttelton/Hart-Davis Letters.

Working at a publishing firm before the Second World War, Hart-Davis began to forge literary relationships that would be important later in his career.  Founding his publishing company in 1946, Hart-Davis was praised for the quality of the firm's publications and production; but he refused to cater to public tastes, and the firm eventually lost money.  After relinquishing control of the firm, Hart-Davis concentrated on writing and editing, producing collections of letters and other works which brought him the sobriquet "the king of editors".
Giovanni Boggi
Giovanni Boggi (died 1832) was an Italian engraver and painter, in his artistic prime in the 1820s. Several of his works are on display at the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. He was especially noted for his portraits of important Greek people, particularly from the War of Greek Independence, including  Markos Botsaris, a Souliote captain, and Theodoros Kolokotronis (1825). He also made portraits of Francesco Algarotti and Luigi Lanzi.

Markos Botsaris
Markos Botsaris (Greek: Μάρκος Μπότσαρης; 1790 – 21 August 1823) was a Souliot chieftain, general of the Greek revolutionary army and hero of the Greek War of Independence. He played a key role in relieving the First Siege of Missolonghi in 1822–1823 and was awarded the title of General of Western Greece by the revolutionary Greek government. He was killed during the Battle of Karpenisi and was buried in Missolonghi with full honors. Botsaris is among the most revered national heroes in Greece.
Ginučiai
Ginučiai is a village on the shore of the Lake Linkmenas in the Aukštaitija National Park, Ignalina district of Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, its population was 44.
It is best known for its 19th-century watermill. It is one of the few mills in Lithuania that survive with the original mechanism. Ginučiai watermill is declared a monument of engineering.

Ginučiai village is quite popular touring place in the Eastern Lithuania.

Linkmenas
Lake Linkmenas is a lake in Aukštaitija National Park, Ignalina District, Lithuania. It is 2,300 metres long and 600 metres wide. Linkmenas is part of a chain of seven interconnected lakes. The only major settlement on the shore is Ginučiai, which has an old watermill.
RedoxOS
Redox is a Unix-like operating system based on a microkernel design. It is community-developed, released as free and open-source software and distributed under an MIT License. Written in the programming language Rust, Redox aims to be a general-purpose operating system that is safe and reliable. It is currently in a pre-stable status.

Microkernel
In computer science, a microkernel (often abbreviated as μ-kernel) is the near-minimum amount of software that can provide the mechanisms needed to implement an operating system (OS). These mechanisms include low-level address space management, thread management, and inter-process communication (IPC).

If the hardware provides multiple rings or CPU modes, the microkernel may be the only software executing at the most privileged level, which is generally referred to as supervisor or kernel mode. Traditional operating system functions, such as device drivers, protocol stacks and file systems, are typically removed from the microkernel itself and are instead run in user space.

In terms of the source code size, microkernels are often smaller than monolithic kernels. The MINIX 3 microkernel, for example, has only approximately 12,000 lines of code.
2010 Copa Telmex
The 2010 Copa Telmex was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 13th edition of the Copa Telmex, and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2010 ATP World Tour. It took place in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from February 15 through February 21, 2010. Juan Carlos Ferrero won the singles title.

The singles line up was led by 2007 Copa Telmex champion and 2009 Copa Telmex runner-up Juan Mónaco, David Ferrer, Nicolás Almagro and Juan Carlos Ferrero. other players were 2008 champion David Nalbandian, Richard Gasquet, Igor Andreev, Albert Montañés.

Juan Mónaco
Juan Mónaco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwam ˈmonako]; born 29 March 1984), nicknamed "Pico", is an Argentine former professional tennis player. He won nine singles titles, reached the semifinals of the 2010 Shanghai Masters and the 2012 Miami Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world no. 10 in July 2012. He announced his retirement from professional tennis on 15 May 2017.
Manvita Kamath
Manvita Kamath is an Indian actress who primarily works in Kannada films. She began her career as a radio jockey at Radio Mirchi and made her acting debut with Kendasampige (2015). Her performance in Tagaru (2018), earned her the Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada.

Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada
The Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards South for Kannada films (Sandalwood). The awards were extended to "Best Actress" in 1972. The year indicates the year of release of the film.
Listed buildings in Farlam
Farlam is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England.  It contains 13 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Farlam and the smaller settlements of Kirkhouse and Hallbankgate, and is otherwise rural.  Some of the listed buildings are remnants of coal mining in the parish; these include offices later converted into houses, and a gasworks.  The other listed buildings include houses, farmhouses, farm buildings, a church, memorials, and a guide post.

Hallbankgate
Hallbankgate is a village in Cumbria, England, 13 miles (21 km) east of Carlisle. A former coal and lead mining village, it straddles the A689 Brampton to Alston road. Limestone is quarried here and it once had a gasworks and a forge. The village has a primary school, a village shop and tea room and a pub. There are three other hamlets in the civil parish, Farlam, Kirkhouse and Tindale.
Henry Raper
Henry Raper (c. 1799 – 6 January 1859) was a British Royal Naval lieutenant who became a nineteenth-century authority on navigation. Amongst his achievements was his quantification of the unreliability of a key longitudinal measurement, lunar distance, when taken at different times. One early beneficiary of Raper's research was Robert FitzRoy, whose second expedition was made famous by the work of his travelling companion, Charles Darwin.

Raper is primarily remembered, however, for his seminal work The Practice of Navigation and Nautical Astronomy, for which he was awarded the Founder's Medal of the Royal Geographical Society in 1841. According to his memorial at St Peter & St Paul's Church, in Dinton, Buckinghamshire, it was "a work universally adopted by the naval service".

Raper died on 6 January 1859 at Torquay in Devon, England.

His father was admiral Henry Raper.

Lunar distance (navigation)
In celestial navigation, lunar distance, also called a lunar, is the angular distance between the Moon and another celestial body. The lunar distances method uses this angle and a nautical almanac to calculate Greenwich time if so desired, or by extension any other time. That calculated time can be used in solving  a spherical triangle. The theory was first published by Johannes Werner in 1524, before the necessary almanacs had been published. A fuller  method was published in 1763 and used until about 1850 when it was superseded by the marine chronometer. A similar method uses the positions of the Galilean moons of Jupiter.
Nick Green (baseball)
Nicholas Anthony Green (born September 10, 1978) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 2004 and 2013 for the Atlanta Braves, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, New York Yankees, Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, Los Angeles Dodgers, Toronto Blue Jays, and Miami Marlins. He played in the International Baseball League of Australia before his MLB debut in 2004. Since 2015, he has worked as an analyst on the Braves Live! post-game show, which follows Atlanta Braves games on FanDuel Sports Network South and FanDuel Sports Network Southeast.

FanDuel Sports Network Southeast
FanDuel Sports Network Southeast is an American regional sports network owned by Main Street Sports Group (formerly Diamond Sports Group) and operated as an affiliate of FanDuel Sports Network. Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, the channel broadcasts regional coverage of sports events throughout the southeastern United States, with a focus on professional sports teams based in Atlanta, Tennessee, and Charlotte.

FanDuel Sports Network Southeast is available on cable providers throughout Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina and parts of North Carolina (roughly from Asheville to Charlotte); it is also available nationwide on satellite via DirecTV. The channel's programming reaches an estimated 8.9 million cable and satellite subscribers.
Return from Mecca
Return from Mecca is the third studio album by American hip hop group X Clan. It was released on January 30, 2007 via Suburban Noize Records. Production was handled by DJ Fat Jack, Quazedelic, ACL, Proh Mic, Bean One, Damian Marley, DJ Khalil, DJ Quik, Jake One, J. Thrill, Patrick Shevelin, Stephen Marley and UltraMan. It features guest appearances from Jah Orah, Quazedelic, Abstract Rude, Chali 2na, Daddy X, Damian Marley, Hannah Barbera, Jacoby Shaddix, KRS-One, RBX, Tri State, YZ and Tech N9ne. A music video was directed of the song "Weapon X".

Chali 2na
Charles Stewart (born June 26, 1971), better known as Chali 2na (/tʃɑːli ˈtuːnə/), is an American painter and rapper, associated with the groups Jurassic 5 and Ozomatli. He is known for his bass-baritone voice and quick-delivery rapping style.
Katsuhiro Akimoto
Katsuhiro Akimoto (秋元 克広, Akimoto Katsuhiro) is a Japanese politician and the incumbent mayor of Sapporo, the largest and capital city of Hokkaido, Japan.

Following victory in the 2023 Sapporo mayoral election, Akimoto is currently serving his 3rd term as mayor.

2023 Sapporo mayoral election
The 2023 Sapporo Mayoral Election was held on 1 May 2023 as part of the 2023 Japanese unified local elections to elect the mayor of Sapporo. Incumbent Katsuhiro Akimoto won with a 56% majority.

A major issue of the election included Sapporo's bid to host the 2030 Winter Olympics. Akimoto was a firm supporter of holding the olympic games in the city.
Thayer School of Engineering
Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth (branded as Dartmouth Engineering) is the engineering school of Dartmouth College, a private research university in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.

Located in a three-building complex along the Connecticut River on Dartmouth's campus, Dartmouth Engineering offers undergraduate, master's, and doctoral degrees in engineering sciences, and has partnerships with other liberal arts colleges throughout the United States to offer dual degrees. The school was established in 1867 with funds from Dartmouth alumnus Sylvanus Thayer, also known for his work in establishing the engineering curriculum at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.

In 2016, Dartmouth Engineering became one of the first comprehensive, national research universities in the United States to awarded more than half of its undergraduate engineering degrees to women.

Myron Tribus
Myron Tribus (October 30, 1921 – August 31, 2016) was an American organizational theorist, who was the director of the Center for Advanced Engineering Study at MIT from 1974 to 1986. He was known as leading supporter and interpreter of W. Edwards Deming, for popularizing the Bayesian methods, and for coining the term "thermoeconomics".
Otego Township, Fayette County, Illinois
Otego Township is one of twenty townships in Fayette County, Illinois, USA.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,445 and it contained 626 housing units.  Its name changed from Cumberland township on September 24, 1860. Overcup Church is located in this township.

Fayette County, Illinois
Fayette County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,488. Its county seat is Vandalia, the site of the Vandalia State House State Historic Site.  Ramsey Lake State Recreation Area is located in the northwestern part of this county.
Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv
The Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv (CSHAK) is one of the oldest and biggest archives in Ukraine, located at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. It was founded in 1852 for storage of the work accomplished by the Kyiv Archeographic Commission.

Kyiv Archeographic Commission
The Kyiv Archeographic Commission was a scientific institution in imperial Kyiv, established on 31 May 1843 to examine historical documents kept by the Kiev Governorate, the Volhynia Governorate, and the Podolia Governorate.
2013–14 Segunda División B
The 2013–14 Segunda División B season was the 37th since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 25 August 2013, and the season ended on 22 June 2014 with the promotion play-off finals.

Real Madrid C
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol C, commonly known as Real Madrid C, is a Spanish association football team, and is Real Madrid's second reserve team. They play in Segunda Federación – Group 5, holding their home games at La Ciudad del Real Madrid in Valdebebas outside the city of Madrid.

At the end of the 2014–15 Tercera División, Real Madrid C was disbanded. However in 2023, the team was brought back and was put in the Tercera Federación after taking the place of RSC Internacional.
Antanas Baranauskas
Antanas Baranauskas (Polish: Antoni Baranowski; 17 January 1835 – 26 November 1902) was a Lithuanian poet, mathematician and Catholic bishop of Sejny. Baranauskas is best known as the author of the Lithuanian  poem Anykščių šilelis. He used various pen names, including A.B., Bangputys, Jurksztas Smalaūsis, Jurkštas Smalaūsis, and Baronas. He also wrote poetry in Polish.

Diocese of Łomża
The Diocese of Łomża (Latin: Dioecesis Lomzensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Łomża in the ecclesiastical province of Białystok in Poland.

There are currently 526 priests in the Diocese. The most recent death of a priest was that of Fr. Franciszek Wróblewski on 25 August at age 81.
Rail transport in Mexico
Mexico has a freight railway system owned by the national government and operated by various entities under concessions (charters) granted by the national government. The railway system provides freight and passenger service throughout the country (the majority of the service is freight-oriented), connecting major industrial centers with ports and with rail connections at the United States border. Passenger rail services were limited to a number of tourist trains between 1997, when Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México suspended service, and 2008, when Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana de México inaugurated Mexico's first commuter rail service between Mexico City and the State of Mexico. This is not including the Mexico City Metro, which started service in 1969.

Ferrosur
The Ferrocarril del Sureste (reporting mark FSRR) (English: "Southeastern Railway"), commonly known by the syllabic abbreviation Ferrosur, is a railway that serves the southeastern regions of Mexico. The company was formed in 1998, following the privatization of Mexico's railways. Ferrosur won the concession to operate the southeastern railway, which includes the line between Mexico City and Mexico's busiest Gulf of Mexico/Atlantic Ocean port at Veracruz. Grupo México has owned the company since 2005. There are long-delayed plans to merge it with the company's other railway, Ferromex.