hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athens County, Ohio
Athens County is a county in southeastern Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 62,431. Its county seat and largest city is Athens. The county was formed in 1805 from Washington County.  Because Ohio's first state university, Ohio University, was  established here in 1804, the town and the county are named for the ancient center of learning, Athens, Greece.

Athens County comprises the Athens, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Zaleski State Forest
Zaleski State Forest is a state forest in the U.S. state of Ohio, located primarily in Vinton County, with areas in Athens County as well.  The 28,000 acre (110 km²) forest surrounds Lake Hope State Park in Vinton County, and borders the Waterloo Wildlife Research Station in Athens County.

Part of the Zaleski Mound Group, a group of Native American mounds built by the prehistoric Adena culture, is located within the forest.

Quercus alba (white oak) from the forest was used extensively in Ohio State University's 2008 renovation of William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library

The forest is located in the rugged hills of the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau in Southern Ohio, with elevations ranging up to about 1100 feet above sea level. The historic Hope Furnace can be seen at Lake Hope State Park, just across the road from the forest.
UK Carrier Strike Group
The UK Carrier Strike Group (UKCSG) is a carrier battle group of the Royal Navy. It has existed in various forms since the mid-2000s. Between 2006 and 2011, the formation centred around the Royal Navy's Invincible-class aircraft carriers until the retirement of their Harrier GR9 strike aircraft in 2011 as a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review. The UKCSG subsequently returned in February 2015 ahead of the entry into service of the new Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers, HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales. The aim of the CSG is to facilitate carrier-enabled power projection.

RFA Fort Victoria
RFA Fort Victoria is a Fort-class combined fleet stores ship and tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary of the United Kingdom tasked with providing ammunition, fuel, food and other supplies to Royal Navy vessels around the world. She is now the only member of her class.
Grose Bochse
The Grose Bochse (old German for Große Büchse, "Big Gun") was a medieval large-calibre cannon of the Teutonic Order. It was cast from June to September 1408 in several pieces and was presumably assembled by a screw or plug connection. The cannon was even bigger than the slightly later finished Faule Grete and may have reached the dimensions of the largest known bombard by caliber, the Pumhart von Steyr.

Further known large-calibre weapons of the 15th century are the equally cast-bronze Faule Mette and the wrought-iron Dulle Griet and Mons Meg.

Bombard (weapon)
The bombard is a type of cannon or mortar which was used throughout the Late Middle Ages and the early modern period. Bombards were mainly large calibre, muzzle-loading artillery pieces used during sieges to shoot round stone projectiles at the walls of enemy fortifications, enabling troops to break in. Most bombards were made of iron and used gunpowder to launch the projectiles. There are many examples of bombards, including Mons Meg, the Basilic, the Dardanelles Gun, and the handheld bombard.

The weapon provided the name to the Royal Artillery rank of bombardier and the word bombardment.
Bulqizë
Bulqizë (Albanian: [ˈbulˈcizə]; Albanian definite form: Bulqiza) is a municipality in Dibër County, northeastern Albania. The municipality consists of the administrative units of Fushë-Bulqizë, Gjoricë, Martanesh, Ostren, Shupenzë, Trebisht, Zerqan with Bulqizë constituting its seat. As of the 2023 census, there were 7,875 people residing in Bulqizë and 26,826 in Bulqizë Municipality.

Martanesh
Martanesh (Albanian: Martaneshi) is a geographic and ethnographic region within the Dibër County in eastern Albania. Formerly a commune, at the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Bulqizë. The population at the 2011 census was 1,836. The settlement holding the status of town is Krastë, which was also the center of the commune. The population is largely Bektashi with a rather small Catholic minority, and the commune contains the Teqe of Martanesh.
Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway
The Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway  (Malay: Lebuhraya Kuala Lumpur–Seremban, Chinese: 隆芙大道) is a main expressway in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This 8.1 km (5.0 mi) expressway links Kuala Lumpur in the north to Seremban, Negeri Sembilan in the south.

Some maps label this highway as E2 as it links directly with the North–South Expressway Southern Route; however this appellation is not strictly correct as this particular stretch of road is not managed by PLUS Malaysia Berhad, but rather by ANIH Berhad (formerly known as Metramac Corporation (MetaCorp)). Consequently, the toll rate at Sungai Besi Toll Plaza had included an extra payment to cover the Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway until 2018, when the toll was abolished.

In 2007, the expressway was assigned its own route number of E37 together with Salak Expressway.

Malaysia Federal Route 1
The Federal Route 1 is the first federal road in Malaysia, the oldest federal road in Malaysia, and among the nation's earliest public roadways ever constructed. The Federal Route 1 was the backbone of the road system in the western states of Peninsular Malaysia before being supplanted by the North–South Expressway (E1 and E2).
Nakaisamurai Station
Nakaisamurai Station (中井侍駅, Nakaisamurai-eki) is a railway station on the Iida Line in the village of Tenryū, Shimoina, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).

Tenryū, Nagano
Tenryū (天龍村, Tenryū-mura) is a village located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the village had an estimated population of 1,275 in 712 households, and a population density of 12.1 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 109.44 square kilometres (42.26 sq mi).
Bryophyllum
Bryophyllum (from the Greek βρῦον/βρύειν bryon/bryein = sprout, φύλλον phyllon = leaf) is a group of plant species of the family Crassulaceae native to Madagascar. It is a section or subgenus within the genus Kalanchoe, and was formerly placed at the level of genus. This section is notable for vegetatively growing small plantlets on the fringes of the leaves; these eventually drop off and root. These plantlets arise from mitosis of meristematic-type tissue in notches in the leaves.

Nowadays, bryophyllums are naturalized in many parts of the tropics and subtropics, and deliberately cultivated for their attractiveness or for their interesting reproduction as a vegetative reproductive plant.

Kalanchoe beauverdii
Kalanchoe beauverdii, or Beauverd's widow's-thrill, is a climbing succulent species of Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum native to Madagascar. The species used to include many different forms with great variations. Now the broad-sense K. beauverdii has been treated as a series, Kalanchoe ser. Vilana, which includes four species: K. beauverdii, K. costantinii, K. guignardii, and K. scandens. The narrow-sense K. beauverdii differs from the other species of the series in its petiolate leaves.
Celio (rione of Rome)
Celio (Italian: [ˈtʃɛːljo]) is the 19th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. XIX, and is located within the Municipio I.

Its coat of arms depicts the bust of an African, with an elephant headdress with golden tusks on a silver background, in memory of an African bust that was found in Via Capo d'Africa.

Rioni of Rome
A rione of Rome (Italian: [riˈoːne]; pl.: rioni of Rome) is a traditional administrative division of the city of Rome. Rione is an Italian term used since the 14th century to name a district of a town. The term was born in Rome, originating from the administrative divisions of the city. The word comes from the Latin word regio (pl.: regiones), 'region'; during the Middle Ages the Latin word became rejones, from which rione comes. Currently, all the rioni are located in Municipio I of Rome.
ISO 10161
ISO 10161 is the ISO standard, first published in 1993, that defines the interlibrary loan (ILL) application protocol for communication between various document exchange systems. It allows ILL systems at different libraries and residing on different hardware platforms and using different software packages such as VDX to communicate with each other to request and receive electronic documents. It is closely related to ISO 10160, the Interlibrary Loan Application Service Definition.

VDX (library software)
VDX (standing for Virtual Document eXchange) is a software product for interlibrary loan (ILL) and document request management. VDX was developed by UK company Fretwell-Downing Informatics, a company which in 2005 was taken over by OCLC PICA, itself wholly acquired by OCLC Online Computer Library Center in 2007.

VDX allows library staff to create and manage document borrowing and lending requests between participating libraries. VDX manages all the stages of the ILL process. It is also an efficient way to collect copyright fees for copyright holders such as authors and publishers.
Military Transport Aviation
The Military Transport Aviation Command (Russian: Кома́ндование вое́нно-тра́нспортной авиа́ции (ВТА) —  Komandovaniye voyenno-transportnoy aviatsii (VTA)) was a major component of the former Soviet Air Forces, active from the Cold War period, through the dissolution of the Soviet Union, to 1998–1999. In 1999–2009 it was reduced in status to the 61st Air Army of the Supreme High Command (61 Vozdushnaya Armiya VGK). The 61st Air Army itself was initially formed on 10 January 1949 by renaming the 3rd Air Army. In 2009 the 61st Air Army was renamed the Command of Military Transport Aviation. Its headquarters is located in Moscow.

Ivanovo Severny air base
Ivanovo Severny (also Ivanovo air base and Ivanovo North) is an air base in Russia located 6 km north of Ivanovo.  It is a large transport operation airfield with hangars and significant tarmac space.  The runway was built in 1935 and upgraded in 1965.  The airfield received the Soviet Union's first Ilyushin Il-76 delivery on June 3, 1974.

The base is home to the 144th Airborne Early Warning Aviation Regiment of the 12th Military Transport Aviation Division and the VTA training/development centre, the 610th Center for Combat Use and Retraining of Military Transport Aviation Flight Personnel (610th CBP i PLS) which uses the A-50 and A-50U airborne early warning and control aircraft.
1992 Troy State vs. DeVry men's basketball game
The 1992 Troy State vs. DeVry men's basketball game is the highest-scoring men's basketball game in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) history, regardless of division classification. On January 12, 1992, Troy State University, now known as Troy University, defeated DeVry University of Atlanta 258–141 in a game that is considered to have established several unbreakable records.

DeVry University
DeVry University (/dəˈvraɪ/) is a private for-profit university in the United States. It offers both onsite (campus-based) and online programs. The university was founded in 1931 by Herman A. DeVry and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. It has been the subject of several government investigations and lawsuits alleging false or deceptive claims.
Khasa Hills
The Khasa Hills are located in Karachi, Pakistan, and lie between Orangi and North Nazimabad. The hills in Karachi are the offshoots of the Kirthar Range, and have a maximum elevation of about 528m in the extreme north. The Khasa hills are arid and devoid of vegetation. Its ridges and have wide intervening plains, dry river beds and water channels.

The hills acted as a barrier between Orangi and North Nazimabad until a road was built through the hills to connect the two localities in 2009. Unplanned settlements have been built on the hillsides near central Karachi - the settlements are largely inhabited by Pashtuns, who live in similar geographic conditions in northwest Pakistan.

Orangi
Orangi  (Urdu: اورنگی) is a town in the western part of Karachi, Pakistan, with a population of 596,919 as of the 2023 census. Orangi was developed as a planned settlement in 1972 by the Karachi Development Authority (KDA) to provide affordable housing for lower-income households. The town consists of 13 union councils.

Orangi Town is equipped with essential infrastructure, including roads, schools, colleges, playgrounds. The Orangi Pilot Project created drainage systems and sewage pipes in over 90% of Orangi Town's streets and lanes. Water and gas pipelines are also present; however, the area frequently experiences shortages of both due to supply scarcity.

It is often confused with Karachi's District West, also referred to as Orangi District, which includes several other areas of western Karachi, and has a total population of around 2.6 million.
Tērvete
Tērvete (liv. Terwenden, German: Hofzumberge) is a village in Tērvete Parish, Dobele Municipality in the Semigallia region of Latvia. It is famous for the historic hillfort built for the kings of Western Semigallia (Zemgale) in the Middle Ages.

Tērvete Parish
Tērvete Parish (Latvian: Tērvetes pagasts) is an administrative unit of Dobele Municipality in the Semigallia region of Latvia. At the beginning of 2014, the population of the parish was 2009. The administrative center is Zelmeņi village.
François d'Orléans-Longueville, duc de Fronsac
François III d’Orléans (1570 – 1631), Duke of Château-Thierry and of Fronsac, Count of Saint-Pol was governor of Orléans, Blois and Tours and a general of the French Wars of Religion. He was the second born son of Leonor of Neuchâtel.

François III was created Count of Saint-Pol in 1601. In January 1608, he inherited the title of Duke of Fronsac when his only son, Léonor II, 1st Duke of Fronsac died without an heir.

Duke of Fronsac
Duke of Fronsac (French: duc de Fronsac) was a title of French nobility, first created by promoting the seigneurie of Fronsac to a duchy in 1608, but the title became extinct a few decades later. This title was revived in 1634 for Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, better known as Cardinal Richelieu, and it survived until the 19th century.
Alice Street, Brisbane
Alice Street is a street in the Brisbane CBD, Queensland, Australia. It is the most southern major road in the city's central business district, running parallel to the other female-named streets in the city. It was named after Princess Alice of the United Kingdom.

Riverside Expressway
The Riverside Expressway is part of the Pacific Motorway that runs through Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located on the western side of the Brisbane CBD and is made up of various bridges and overpasses. The North Bank development was formerly proposed to alleviate the visual disruption of the expressway and recapture Brisbane for pedestrians.

The Expressway runs the entire western length of the Brisbane CBD from Coronation Drive to the Captain Cook Bridge at Gardens Point, an estimated 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) before becoming the Pacific Motorway which ends at the Gold Coast.

The roadway has been described as a concrete barrier on the river's edge and an eyesore, however others  have praised the dramatic and visually arresting views of the Brisbane River, city skyline and surrounds experienced by drivers and passengers on the elevated expressway.
Beijing–Shijiazhuang high-speed railway
Beijing–Shijiazhuang high-speed railway (simplified Chinese: 京石客运专线; traditional Chinese: 京石客運專線; pinyin: Jīng-Shí Kèyùn Zhuān Xiàn) is a 281-kilometre high-speed rail line operated by China Railway High-speed between Beijing and Shijiazhuang (the provincial capital of Hebei) that opened on 26 December 2012 after 4 years of construction. The total investment is 43.87 billion yuan. The design speed is 350 km/h (220 mph), and the opening cut travel times between Beijing and Shijiazhuang from 2 hours to about 1 hour. This railway is the northern section of the 2,100 km (1,300 mi) Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway (Jinggang line) connecting Beijing and Guangzhou, but also speeds up trains between Beijing and Taiyuan, which continue on the Shitai passenger railway.

Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway
The Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway or Jingguang high-speed railway from its Chinese name is a high-speed railway corridor of the CRH passenger service, connecting Beijing Fengtai station in Beijing and Guangzhounan station in Guangdong. It is 2,230 kilometres (1,390 mi) long, and is the only Chinese high-speed railway to cross a border that requires immigration and customs clearance. The existing, conventional Jingguang railway runs largely parallel to the line.

The line forms part of the Beijing–Harbin, Beijing–Hong Kong (Macau) corridor, based on the "Eight Verticals and Eight Horizontals" railway master plan announced in 2016.
Battle of Cape Girardeau
The Battle of Cape Girardeau was a military demonstration of the American Civil War, occurring on April 26, 1863 in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. The conflict was part of the pursuit of US Brigadier General John McNeil through Southeast Missouri by Confederate Brigadier General John S. Marmaduke. Though the conflict to this day is known as a battle, it was a relatively small engagement whose primary importance was as the turning point that brought General Marmaduke's second Missouri raid to an end.

Cape Girardeau, Missouri
Cape Girardeau (/dʒɪˈrɑːrdoʊ/ jirr-AR-doh, French: Cap-Girardeau [kap ʒiʁaʁdo] ⓘ; colloquially referred to as "Cape") is a city in Cape Girardeau and Scott counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 39,540 at the 2020 census, making it the 17th-largest city in the state. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area with 97,517 residents. Cape Girardeau is the economic center of southeastern Missouri and the home of Southeast Missouri State University. It is located approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of St. Louis and 150 miles (240 km) north of Memphis, Tennessee.
Northern Dobruja
Northern Dobruja (Romanian: Dobrogea de Nord or simply Dobrogea; Bulgarian: Северна Добруджа, Severna Dobrudzha) is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube River and the Black Sea, bordered in the south by Southern Dobruja, which is a part of Bulgaria.

Southern Dobruja
Southern Dobruja or South Dobruja (Bulgarian: Южна Добруджа, romanized: Yuzhna Dobrudzha or simply Добруджа, Dobrudzha; Romanian: Dobrogea de Sud or Dobrogea Nouă, lit. 'New Dobruja'), also the Quadrilateral (Romanian: Cadrilater), is an area of north-eastern Bulgaria comprising Dobrich and Silistra provinces, part of the historical region of Dobruja. It has an area of 7,412 square km and a population of 358,000.

It is historically noteworthy as a point of contention in Bulgarian-Romanian relations. Part of Bulgaria between 1878 and 1913, the region was annexed by Romania in the Treaty of Bucharest (1913), targeted by Bulgaria during World War I (1914–18), and subsequently remained Romanian until 1940, when Bulgaria regained control in the Treaty of Craiova, which went along with a compulsory population exchange. Southern Dobruja has been part of Bulgaria since 1940.
Achada Santo António
Achada Santo António is a subdivision of the city of Praia in the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. Its population was 12,965 at the 2010 census. It is situated near the Atlantic coast, southwest of the city centre.

Adjacent neighbourhoods are Várzea to the north, Gamboa or Chã das Areias to the northeast, the beach area of Prainha to the east and also where much of the embassies are located, Quebra Canela to the south, Tira Chapéu to the west and Terra Branca to the north.

Várzea, Praia
Várzea is a subdivision of the city of Praia in the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. Its population was 4,834 at the 2010 census. It is situated west of the city centre. Adjacent neighbourhoods are Bairro Craveiro Lopes to the north, Platô to the east, Achada Santo António to the south and Terra Branca to the west.

There are several public buildings in Várzea, including the National Assembly, the National Library of Cape Verde, the National Auditorium and the Estádio da Várzea.
Salgir gudgeon
The Salgir gudgeon (Gobio krymensis) is a species of gudgeon, a small freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Gobionidae. It is widespread in Europe in rivers Salgir, Alma, and Bel Bek drainages (southern Crimea) in Ukraine. It is a freshwater demersal fish, up to 11.0 cm long.

Gobio
Gobio is a genus of typical gudgeons, ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae many of which are endemics of south-eastern Europe. Members of the genus are usually small fish, rarely longer than 10 cm.

Many species previously in Gobio are now placed in the sister genus Romanogobio.
Bee Ho Gray
Bee Ho Gray (born Emberry Cannon Gray; April 7, 1885, in Leon, Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory – August 3, 1951, in Pueblo, Colorado) was a Western performer who spent 50 years displaying his skills in Wild West shows, vaudeville, circus, silent films, and radio. While he was primarily known as an expert at trick roping, he was also skilled with knife throwing, bullwhips (specifically the Australian black snake whip), trick riding, and the banjo. He wove all of these skills together in a homely comic routine. Throughout his long career, he was constantly compared to Will Rogers, which was befitting, considering the two performers worked together several times and developed their acts together in the early 1900s.

Wild West shows
Wild West shows were traveling vaudeville performances in the United States and Europe that existed around 1870–1920. The shows began as theatrical stage productions and evolved into open-air shows that depicted romanticized stereotypes of cowboys, Plains Indians, army scouts, outlaws, and wild animals that existed in the American West. While some of the storylines and characters were based on historical events, others were fictional or sensationalized.

American Indians in particular were portrayed in a sensationalistic and exploitative manner. The shows introduced many western performers and personalities, and romanticized the American frontier, to a wide audience.
Edoardo Agnelli (entrepreneur, born 1892)
Edoardo Agnelli (2 January 1892 – 14 July 1935) was an Italian entrepreneur and industrialist. He was the principal family shareholder of the Italian car company Fiat S.p.A., as well as chairman of Juventus from 1923 until his death in 1935.

Susanna Agnelli
Susanna Agnelli, Contessa Rattazzi Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (24 April 1922 – 15 May 2009), was an Italian politician, businesswoman, and writer. Involved in Italian politics for over twenty years, she was the first woman to be appointed Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs. She was also the first Italian minister to be Minister of Foreign Affairs and undersecretary of the same ministry.
Dannatt plates
Dannatt plates are thick sheets made of electrical conductors, usually copper, positioned around an AC magnetic circuit to help guide magnetic flux.

The alternating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the plates. The orientation of these currents opposes the magnetic field. The magnetic field cannot penetrate through the Dannatt plates and is, therefore, directed along them.

Magnetic flux
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.  It is usually denoted Φ or ΦB. The SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (Wb; in derived units, volt–seconds or V⋅s), and the CGS unit is the maxwell. Magnetic flux is usually measured with a fluxmeter, which contains measuring coils, and it calculates the magnetic flux from the change of voltage on the coils.