hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Golan (game)
Golan subtitled "Syrian-Israeli Combat in the '73 War", is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) in 1975 that simulates operational level ground combat between Egypt and Israel on the Golan Heights during the just completed Yom Kippur War of October 1973. Golan was originally published as part of the "quadrigame" Modern Battles: Four Contemporary Conflicts.

Modern Battles: Four Contemporary Conflicts
Modern Battles: Four Contemporary Conflicts is a collection of four board wargames published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1975 that simulates four modern-day battles set in the early 1970s.
IC 2177
IC 2177 is a region of nebulosity that lies along the border between the constellations Monoceros and Canis Major. It is a roughly circular H II region centered on the Be star HD 53367. This nebula was discovered by Welsh amateur astronomer Isaac Roberts and was described by him as "pretty bright, extremely large, irregularly round, very diffuse."

The name Seagull Nebula is sometimes applied by amateur astronomers to this emission region, although it more properly includes the neighboring regions of star clusters, dust clouds and reflection nebulae. This latter region includes the open clusters NGC 2335 and NGC 2343.

IC 2177 is also known as the Seagull's Head, due to its larger presence in the Seagull nebula. The nebula Gum 2, also known as Sh 2-296, forms the Seagull's wings.

HD 53367
HD 53367 is a triple star system in the constellation of Monoceros. The primary star was identified as a variable Herbig Ae/Be star in 1989. Its companion, spectroscopically discovered in 2006, is a pre-main-sequence star with an average separation of 1.7 AU. The star system is embedded in the extended nebula IC 2177.

The binary HD 53367A is part of the hierarchical triple star system RST 3489, with an additional Herbig Ae/Be star HD 53367B of spectral class B1Ve at a projected separation of 0.6″. All stars in the system belong to the star-forming CMa OB1 association. The Hipparcos, Gaia Data Release 2, and Gaia Data Release 3 parallax values for HD 53367A are highly discrepant, but the system is thought to be about 1,000 parsecs away.
Cayley–Bacharach theorem
In mathematics, the Cayley–Bacharach theorem is a statement about cubic curves (plane curves of degree three) in the projective plane P2. The original form states:

Assume that two cubics C1 and C2 in the projective plane meet in nine (different) points, as they do in general over an algebraically closed field. Then every cubic that passes through any eight of the points also passes through the ninth point.

A more intrinsic form of the Cayley–Bacharach theorem reads as follows:

Every cubic curve C over an algebraically closed field that passes through a given set of eight points P1, ..., P8 also passes through (counting multiplicities) a ninth point P9 which depends only on P1, ..., P8.

A related result on conics was first proved by the French geometer Michel Chasles and later generalized to cubics by Arthur Cayley and Isaak Bacharach.

Five points determine a conic
In Euclidean and projective geometry, five points determine a conic (a degree-2 plane curve), just as two (distinct) points determine a line (a degree-1 plane curve). There are additional subtleties for conics that do not exist for lines, and thus the statement and its proof for conics are both more technical than for lines.

Formally, given any five points in the plane in general linear position, meaning no three collinear, there is a unique conic passing through them, which will be non-degenerate; this is true over both the Euclidean plane and any pappian projective plane. Indeed, given any five points there is a conic passing through them, but if three of the points are collinear the conic will be degenerate (reducible, because it contains a line), and may not be unique; see further discussion.
A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician pronunciation: [ɐ koˈɾuɲɐ] ⓘ; in Spanish: La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; also informally called just Coruña; historical English: Corunna or The Groyne) is a city and municipality in Galicia, Spain. With a population of 249,255, it is the 2nd-largest city in Galicia behind Vigo. The city is the provincial capital of the province of A Coruña, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982.

A Coruña is located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the main industrial and financial centre of northern Galicia, and holds the headquarters of the Universidade da Coruña. A Coruña is the city with the tallest mean-height of buildings in Spain, also featuring a population density of 21,972 inhabitants per square kilometre (56,910/sq mi) of built land area.

Amancio Ortega
Amancio Ortega Gaona OMC (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈmanθjo oɾˈteɣa ɣaˈona]; born 28 March 1936) is a Spanish billionaire businessman. He is the founder and former chairman of Inditex fashion group, best known for its chains of Zara and Bershka clothing and accessories shops. He is considered a pioneer in fast fashion. As of 2026, Ortega had a net worth of US$147 billion, making him the second-wealthiest person in Europe after Bernard Arnault and the 10th-wealthiest in the world. For a brief period of time in 2015, he was the richest man in the world, surpassing Bill Gates when his net worth peaked at $80 billion as Zara's parent company, Inditex's, stock peaked.

He is the head of the Ortega family, and the second wealthiest retailer in the world.
Woonsocket, Rhode Island
Woonsocket (/wʊnˈsɒkɪt, wən-/ ⓘ wuun-SOK-it, wən-), is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 43,240 at the 2020 census, making it the sixth largest city in the state. Being Rhode Island's northernmost city, Woonsocket lies directly south of the Massachusetts state line and constitutes part of both the Providence metropolitan area and the larger Greater Boston Combined Statistical Area.

The city is the corporate headquarters of CVS Health, a pharmacy services provider. It is home to Landmark Medical Center, the Museum of Work and Culture, and the American-French Genealogical Society.

Landmark Medical Center
The Landmark Medical Center is a private, for-profit acute care community hospital, a subsidiary of PrimeHealthcare Foundation, and located in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. The Rehabilitation Hospital of Rhode Island is located in North Smithfield, Rhode Island.  The LMC facility is a teaching hospital for New York Medical College and is host to one of three of its internal medicine programs.
OpenVG
OpenVG is an API designed for hardware-accelerated 2D vector graphics. Its primary platforms are mobile phones, gaming & media consoles and consumer electronic devices. It was designed to help manufacturers create more attractive user interfaces by offloading computationally intensive graphics processing from the CPU onto a GPU to save energy. The OpenGL ES library provides similar functionality for 3D graphics. OpenVG is managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group.

Khronos Group
The Khronos Group, Inc. is an open standards organization that is driven by over 180 member companies developing, publishing and maintaining royalty-free interoperability standards for 3D graphics, virtual reality, augmented reality, parallel computation, vision acceleration and machine learning. The open standards and associated conformance tests enable software applications and middleware to effectively harness authoring and accelerated playback of dynamic media across a wide variety of platforms and devices. The group is based in Beaverton, Oregon.
Ramaria
The genus Ramaria comprises approximately 200 species of coral fungi. Several, such as Ramaria flava, are edible and picked in Europe, though they are easily confused with several mildly poisonous species capable of causing nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; these include R. formosa and R. pallida. Three Ramaria species have been demonstrated to contain a very unusual organoarsenic compound homoarsenocholine.

Ramaria formosa
Ramaria formosa, commonly known as the pinkish coral mushroom, salmon coral, beautiful clavaria, handsome clavaria, yellow-tipped- or pink coral fungus, is a coral fungus found in Europe.

It is a pinkish, much-branched coral-shape reaching some 20 cm (8 in) high. It is widely held to be mildly poisonous if consumed, giving rise to acute gastrointestinal symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and colicky pain.
Aurdal
Aurdal is a village in Nord-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the European route E16 highway about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the northwest of the village of Bagn (in Sør-Aurdal Municipality) and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southeast of the town of Fagernes and the village of Leira. The river Begna flows past Aurdal, just south of the village. Aurdal Church is located in the village.

The 0.83-square-kilometre (210-acre) village has a population (2024) of 674 and a population density of 812 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,100/sq mi).

Aurdal Church
Aurdal Church (Norwegian: Aurdal kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nord-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Aurdal. It is the church for the Aurdal parish which is part of the Valdres prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1736 using plans drawn up by the architect Svend Tråseth. The church seats about 250 people.
Joaquín María Ferrer y Cafranga
Joaquín María de Ferrer y Cafranga (8 December 1777, in Pasajes de San Pedro, Spain – 30 September 1861, in Santa Águeda, Spain) was a Spanish politician and military who served as Prime Minister of Spain in 1841, and held other important offices such as Minister of State, Mayor of Madrid and President of the Senate. He also served as Deputy Prime Minister between 1840 and 1841. He also served as a Deputy for Guipúzcoa from 1822 to 1837.

Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
The deputy prime minister of Spain, officially the vice president of the Government (Spanish: Vicepresidente del Gobierno), is the second in command to the prime minister, assuming the responsibilities of the premiership when the prime minister is absent or incapable of exercising power.

The deputy prime minister is usually handpicked by the prime minister from the members of the Council of Ministers and appointed by the Monarch before whom they take an oath. The deputy prime minister may be the head of a government department, but it depends on the will of the prime minister, who may have a deputy premier without a portfolio.

When there are more than one deputy prime minister, the officeholder is frequently referred to as the first deputy prime minister (Spanish: Vicepresidente primero del Gobierno). Since 2023, there are three deputy prime ministers; María Jesús Montero serves as first deputy prime minister since 29 December 2023 and as minister of Finance since 2018.
Willunga Football Club
The Willunga Football Club is an Australian rules football club first formed on 29 May 1874, making it one of the oldest  football clubs in South Australia behind Port Adelaide which was established in 1870.

Southern Football League (South Australia)
The Southern Football League (SFL) is an Australian rules football league in South Australia. The League was formed, as the Southern Football Association, in 1886. The league is a not-for-profit organisation.

The league is a suburban competition which also acts as a feeder competition for the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) and in turn the Australian Football League (AFL). Some AFL players from the SFL are Adam Cooney, Nathan Eagleton, Ben Rutten, Dean Brogan and Andrew Mackie. SANFL clubs that have recruitment zones linked to the Southern Football League are West Adelaide Football Club, Glenelg Football Club and South Adelaide Football Club.
Musha Cay
Musha Cay is a 700-acre (280 ha), privately owned island in the Exuma Chain, in the southern Bahamas. It is located 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Nassau. It is owned by illusionist David Copperfield.

Musha Cay is surrounded by three smaller islands that maintain its guests' privacy. There can only be one group of guests, numbering up to twenty-four, at any one time.

Google co-founder Sergey Brin was married on Musha Cay in May 2007.

Professional wrestler Adam Rose was billed from Musha Cay during his time in WWE.

Howard Holtzman is the architect for Musha Cay.

Exuma
Exuma is a district of The Bahamas, consisting of over 365 islands and cays.

The largest of the islands is Great Exuma, which is 37 mi (60 km) in length and joined to another island, Little Exuma, by a small bridge. The capital and largest town in the district is George Town (population 1,437). It was founded 1793 and located on Great Exuma. Near the town, but on Little Exuma, the Tropic of Cancer runs across Pelican Beach lending it another name: Tropic of Cancer Beach. Its white sand and turquoise waters make it a world-famous destination. The entire island chain is 130 mi (209 km) long and 72 sq mi (187 km²) in area. Great Exuma island has an area of 61 sq mi (158 km²) while Little Exuma has an area of 11 sq mi (29 km²).

Between 2000 and 2010, the population of Exuma more than doubled, reflecting the construction of large and small resort properties and the related direct air traffic to Great Exuma from locations as distant as Toronto, Canada. The population in 2010 was 6,928.
David Dimbleby
David Dimbleby (born 28 October 1938) is an English journalist and former presenter of current affairs and political programmes, best known for having presented the BBC topical debate programme Question Time. He is the son of broadcaster Richard Dimbleby and elder brother of Jonathan Dimbleby, of the Dimbleby family.

Long involved in the coverage of national events, Dimbleby hosted the BBC Election Night coverage from 1979 to 2017, as well as United States presidential elections on the BBC until 2016. He has also presented and narrated documentary series on architecture and history.

Dimbleby
Dimbleby is an English-language surname, notable bearers of which include the following:

Richard Dimbleby (1913–1965), BBC television news commentator and war reporter

David Dimbleby (born 1938), elder son of Richard, journalist and host of BBC Election Night coverage from 1979 to 2017
Josceline Dimbleby (born 1943), first wife of David, former cookery correspondent for The Sunday Telegraph

Henry Dimbleby (born 1970), son of David, businessman, cook and food writer
Kate Dimbleby (born 1973), daughter of David, cabaret singer and songwriter

Jonathan Dimbleby (born 1944), younger son of Richard, radio and television journalist and historian
Bel Dimbleby aka Bel Mooney (born 1946), first wife of Jonathan, journalist and broadcaster

Nicholas Dimbleby (1946–2024), younger son of Richard, artist and sculptor
François Gagnepain
François Gagnepain (23 September 1866 – 25 January 1952) was a French botanist. The standard botanical author abbreviation Gagnep. is applied to plants described by Gagnepain.

With Achille Eugène Finet, he named a number of species within the botanical family Annonaceae. The genus Gagnepainia (family Zingiberaceae) was named in his honor by Karl Moritz Schumann. The French Academy of Sciences awarded Gagnepain the Prix de Coincy for the year 1907.

Achille Eugène Finet
Achille Eugène Finet (1863, Argenteuil – 1913, París) was a French botanist best known for his study of orchids native to Japan and China.

Within the family Orchidaceae, he was the taxonomic authority of the genera  Arethusantha, Hemihabenaria, Monixus and Pseudoliparis as well as of numerous orchid species. With François Gagnepain, he circumscribed a number of plant species from the family Annonaceae.

In 1925 Hu Xiansu named the orchid genus Neofinetia in his honor.
Nebstone
The Nebstone is a notable rock found close to the Swastika Stone on the northern edge of Ilkley Moor in West Yorkshire, England. It has the appearance of the lid of a grand piano, and is located a few hundred yards to the west of the Keighley Road. Like many of the rocks on Ilkley moor, it bears evidence for cup and ring marks, although for such a prominent rock it has relatively few possible cup marks.

There is no real consensus as to the actual purpose of the cup and ring marked stones on Ilkley Moor although it is postulated that they were used to mark ownership of land or mark the location of settlements. They have been dated somewhere between 3500 and 2500 years old.

Ilkley Moor
Ilkley Moor is part of Rombalds Moor, the moorland between Ilkley and Keighley in West Yorkshire, England. The moor, which rises to 402 m (1,319 ft) above sea level, is the inspiration for the Yorkshire "county anthem" On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at (dialect for 'on Ilkley Moor without a hat').
The Shoes (French band)
The Shoes are a French electro-rock duo originally from Reims created in 2007. It consists of Guillaume Brière and Benjamin Lebeau, who are both songwriters and producers.
Before creating the concurrent group in 2007, Benjamin and Guillaume were the two members of The Film, a rock band that formed in Bordeaux in 2005. Guillaume Brière also formed the duo G. Vump along with Brodinski from Reims. Brière is also known under the alias Vladimir Cauchemar since 2017.

Woodkid
Yoann Lemoine (French pronunciation: [jɔan ləmwan]; born 16 March 1983), known professionally as Woodkid, is a French music video director, graphic designer and singer-songwriter. His most notable works include his music video direction for Katy Perry's "Teenage Dream", Taylor Swift's "Back to December", Drake's "Take Care", Lana Del Rey's "Born to Die" and Harry Styles's "Sign of the Times".

Lemoine is also a chamber pop musician. On 28 March 2011, he released his first EP Iron EP. On 18 March 2013, he released his first album titled The Golden Age, which is an autobiographical record. He released his second album S16 on 16 October 2020, more than seven years later, following some single releases. His third album, a collaboration with Hideo Kojima for the 2025 video game Death Stranding 2: On the Beach, was released on 13 June 2025. He has also composed for the series Arcane.
Iowa Highway 17
Iowa Highway 17 (Iowa 17) is a 103-mile-long (166 km) north–south state highway that traverses primarily rural areas in central and north-central Iowa. Iowa 17's southern end is near Granger in Dallas County at a freeway interchange with Iowa Highway 141, and its northern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Highway 18 at the Kossuth-Hancock county line near Wesley.

Wright County, Iowa
Wright County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,943. The county seat is Clarion. The county organization became effective in January 1851, and is believed to be named either after Silas Wright, a governor of New York, or Joseph Albert Wright, a governor of Indiana.
Nicolas La Grange
Nicolas La Grange (1707–1775)  was a French playwright and translator, notable for his 1768 translation of Lucretius' De Rerum Natura into French, and for several plays.

La Grange served as private tutor to the children of the French Enlightenment philosopher Baron d'Holbach and collaborated with Jacques-André Naigeon in translating the works of Seneca.

Jacques-André Naigeon
Jacques-André Naigeon (15 July 1738, Paris – 28 February 1810, Paris) was a French artist, atheist-materialist philosopher, editor and man of letters best known for his contributions to the Encyclopédie and for reworking Baron d'Holbach's and Diderot's  manuscripts.
Old Pekin, Indiana
Old Pekin (also referred to as Pekin and Pekin Station) is an unincorporated community in Polk Township, Washington County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

The community is the site of Eastern High School.

Washington County, Indiana
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 28,182. The county seat (and the county's only incorporated city) is Salem. Washington County is part of the Louisville metropolitan area.
Fort Mosta
Fort Mosta (formerly written as Fort Musta, Maltese: Il-Fortizza tal-Mosta) is a polygonal fort in Mosta, Malta. It was built between 1878 and the 1880s by the British as part of the Victoria Lines. It is still in use today by the Armed Forces of Malta as an ammunition depot.

Mosta
Mosta (Maltese: Il-Mosta) is a small but densely populated city in the Northern Region of Malta. The most prominent building in Mosta is the Rotunda, a large basilica built by its parishioners' volunteer labour. It features the world's third largest unsupported dome, and displays a replica of a German bombshell that famously crashed through the dome during World War II but did not detonate upon impact.

The Mosta parish celebrates the feast of the Assumption of Mary every 15 August. Mosta's feast day celebration is popular amongst both locals and tourists. The city is annually decorated by local parishioners and townspeople, seeking to demonstrate their affection for the city and its patron saint, weeks ahead of the public procession.
Middle gray
In photography, painting, and other visual arts, middle gray or middle grey is a tone that is perceptually about halfway between black and white on a lightness scale; in photography and printing, it is typically defined as 18% reflectance in visible light.

Light meters, cameras, and pictures are often calibrated using an 18% gray card or a color reference card such as a ColorChecker. On the assumption that 18% is similar to the average reflectance of a scene, a gray card can be used to estimate the required exposure of the film.

Gray card
A gray card is a middle gray reference, typically used together with a reflective light meter, as a way to produce consistent image exposure and/or color in video production, film, and photography.

A gray card is a flat object of a neutral-gray color that derives from a flat reflectance spectrum. A typical example is the Kodak R-27 set, which contains one 8 in × 10 in (20 cm × 25 cm) card and one 4 in × 5 in (10 cm × 13 cm) card, each with an 18% reflectance across the visible spectrum, and a white reverse side with a 90% reflectance. Note that flat spectral reflectance is a stronger condition than simply appearing neutral; this flatness ensures that the card always has the same color as its illuminant (see metamerism).
Løten Municipality
Løten is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Hedmarken. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Løten. Other villages in the municipality include Ådalsbruk, Heimdal, and Brenneriroa.

The 369-square-kilometre (142 sq mi) municipality is the 246th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Løten Municipality is the 133rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,931. The municipality's population density is 21.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (56/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.1% over the previous 10-year period.

Heimdal, Innlandet
Heimdal or Jønsrud is a village in Løten Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the village of Løten and the village of Brenneriroa and about 130 kilometres (81 mi) from Oslo.

The 0.68-square-kilometre (170-acre) village had a population (2012) of 287 and a population density of 422 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,090/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.