hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A Visit from St. Nicholas
"A Visit from St. Nicholas" (often called "The Night Before Christmas" and "'Twas the Night Before Christmas", from its first line) is a poem, first published anonymously under the title "Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas", in 1823. Authorship has been attributed to Clement Clarke Moore, who claimed authorship in 1837; but it has also been suggested that Henry Livingston Jr. wrote it.

The poem has been called "arguably the best-known verses ever written by an American" and is largely responsible for some of the conceptions of Santa Claus from the mid-19th century to today. It has had a massive effect on the history of Christmas gift-giving. Before the poem gained wide popularity, American ideas had varied considerably about Saint Nicholas and other Christmastide visitors. "A Visit from St. Nicholas" was later set to music and has been recorded by several artists.

Donald Wayne Foster
Donald Wayne Foster (born 1950) is a retired professor of English at Vassar College in New York. He is known for his work dealing with various issues of Shakespearean authorship through textual analysis. He has also applied these techniques in attempting to uncover mysterious authors of some high-profile contemporary texts. As several of these were in the context of criminal investigations, Foster was sometimes labeled a "forensic linguist". He has been inactive in this arena, however, since Condé Nast settled a defamation lawsuit brought against one of his publications for an undisclosed sum in 2007.
Haltwhistle
Haltwhistle is a market town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, 23 miles (37 kilometres) east of Carlisle and 37 miles (60 kilometres) west of Newcastle upon Tyne. It had a population of 3,811 at the 2011 Census.

Haltwhistle is the closest community to Hadrian's Wall and to Northumberland National Park, both approximately 2 miles (3 kilometres) distant.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary
Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary is the first album by Welsh composer Karl Jenkins, recorded in 1994 and released the next year as part of the Adiemus project. The title track "Adiemus" was used prior to the album's release in a 1994 Delta Air Lines television commercial (as well as related Delta Air Lines media around this time, including pre-departure videos aboard Delta flights).

Adiemus (song)
"Adiemus" is a song written by Welsh composer Karl Jenkins and performed by Miriam Stockley with Mary Carewe. It was recorded by the Adiemus project and officially released on the 1995 Adiemus: Songs of Sanctuary album. Jenkins used the music for a setting of psalm verses, "Cantate Domino".
Stephen Susman
Stephen Daily Susman (January 20, 1941 – July 14, 2020) was an American commercial plaintiffs attorney, and founding and name partner of Susman Godfrey LLP.  He won more than $2 billion in damages and settlements in just three cases, including a $1.1 billion settlement on behalf of Texas Instruments in Samsung Electronics v. Texas Instruments, and a $536 million jury verdict in El Paso Natural Gas Co. v. GHR Energy Corp.

In 2020, Susman was seriously injured in a biking accident, which left him in a coma for more than a week. While rehabilitating from the injury, he contracted COVID-19 and died.

Ellen Susman
Ellen Spencer Susman (born October 16, 1950) is an American journalist, philanthropist, political appointee and television producer. She was nominated by Barack Obama in September 2011 to serve as a member of his Advisory Committee on the Arts for the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. She served from 2013 to 2016 as the director of the United States Department of State Art in Embassies Program,  a public-private partnership of American and international artists, collectors, galleries, foundations, museums and universities.
Turner Contemporary
Turner Contemporary is an art gallery in Margate, Kent, England, intended as a contemporary arts space and catalyst for the regeneration of the town. The title commemorates the association of the town with noted  landscape painter J. M. W. Turner, who went to school there, and visited throughout his life.

Margate
Margate is a seaside town in the Thanet District of Kent, England. It is located on the north coast of Kent and covers an area of 2 miles (3 kilometres) long, 16 miles (26 kilometres) north-east of Canterbury and includes Cliftonville, Garlinge, Palm Bay and Westbrook. In 2011 it had a population of 61,223.

The town has been a significant maritime port since the Middle Ages, and was associated with Dover as part of the Cinque Ports in the 15th century. It became a popular place for holidaymakers in the 18th century, owing to easy access via the Thames, and later with the arrival of the railways. Popular landmarks include the sandy beaches and the Dreamland amusement park. During the late 20th century, the town went into decline along with other British seaside resorts, but attempts are being made to revitalise the economy.
PNC Bank Arts Center
The PNC Bank Arts Center (originally the Garden State Arts Center) is an amphitheatre in Holmdel, New Jersey. About 17,500 people can occupy the venue; there are 7,000 seats and the grass area can hold about 10,500 people. Concerts are from May through September featuring 45-50 different events of many types of musical styles. It is ranked among the top five most successful amphitheatres in the country. It is one of two major outdoor arenas in the New York City Metropolitan Area, along with Jones Beach Theater on Long Island. Both venues are managed by Live Nation.

Jones Beach Theater
Jones Beach Theater is an outdoor amphitheatre at Jones Beach State Park in Wantagh, New York. It is one of three major outdoor arenas in the New York metropolitan area, along with Forest Hills Stadium in Queens, and the PNC Bank Arts Center near the Jersey Shore. JBT is managed by Live Nation. 
The theater was designed to specifications provided by Robert Moses, who created Jones Beach State Park.
Bear Creek Cañon Park
Bear Creek Cañon Park is a high-country park located in Colorado Springs, Colorado with steep trails for hiking, mountain biking and horseback riding.

A trail in the western edge of the Bear Creek Regional Park connects to the high-country Bear Creek Cañon Park.

Bear Creek Regional Park and Nature Center
Bear Creek Regional Park and Nature Center is a regional park located in Colorado Springs, Colorado that has trails for hiking, horseback riding, running and cycling. Within the park is a nature center and the El Paso Park Headquarters.

There are tennis courts, soccer fields, basketball courts, an archery range, and other sports fields and courts. A section of the park is dedicated as a dog park.

There are also soccer fields.  Restrooms, pavilions and most picnic spots are wheelchair accessible.

At the eastern end of the park is a connection to a short trail called the Bear Creek Trail that meets up with the Pikes Peak Greenway. At the western edge of the park, a trail connects to the high-country Bear Creek Cañon Park.
Dafne Molina
Dafne Molina Lona (born February 24, 1982, in Mexico City, Distrito Federal) is a Mexican designer, model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented her country in the Miss World 2005 pageant, held in Sanya, China on December 10, 2005.

Laura Elizondo
Laura Elizondo Erhard (born 28 August 1983 in Tampico) is a Mexican model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Nuestra Belleza México 2004 and represented her country at the Miss Universe 2005 pageant.
The Headies 2011
The Headies 2011 was the 6th edition of the Hip Hop World Awards. The award's name was officially changed to "The Headies". The ceremony was hosted by Rita Dominic and eLDee. It was held on October 22, 2011, at the Eko Hotel and Suites in Victoria Island, Lagos. 2face Idibia won three awards, including Artiste of the Year. Darey's "The Way You Are" won for Best R&B Single and Recording of the Year. M.I and Ice Prince won two awards apiece. Don Jazzy and Dr SID both took home an award. Capital Femi walked away with the Best Vocal Performance (Male) award. Wizkid won the Next Rated category and received a Hyundai Sonata at a later date. Waje was the only female awardee. The Hall of Fame award went to Jùjú musician Shina Peters. A total of twenty-one cart gold plaques were handed out.

The Headies
The Headies (originally called the Hip Hop World Awards) are honors established in 2006 by Hip Hop World Magazine to recognize outstanding achievements in the Nigerian music industry. The annual ceremony features performances by established and promising artists. It is broadcast live on HipTV to viewers across Nigeria. The awards' first two editions were held at the Muson Center in Onikan, Lagos State. Between 2010 and 2012, the awards were held at the Eko Hotel and Suites in Victoria Island, Lagos. Various media personalities in Nigeria have hosted the ceremony, including Darey Art Alade, D'banj, Dakore Egbuson, Banky W., Rita Dominic, M.I, Tiwa Savage and Dr SID.
KEEZ-FM
KEEZ-FM  (99.1 FM, "Z99") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Mankato, Minnesota, and serving the Minnesota River Valley. The station broadcasts a hot adult contemporary format. The station is owned by Connoisseur Media, through licensee Alpha 3E Licensee LLC, along with sister stations KYSM-FM, KRBI-FM and KMKO-FM.

Mankato, Minnesota
Mankato (/mænˈkeɪtoʊ/ ⓘ man-KAY-toh) is a city in Blue Earth, Nicollet, and Le Sueur counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the county seat of Blue Earth County. It is the 21st-largest city in Minnesota and fourth-largest outside of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul area, with a population of 44,488 at the 2020 census. The Mankato–North Mankato metropolitan area has an estimated 105,000 residents.

Mankato lies along a large bend of the Minnesota River at its confluence with the Blue Earth River. The city is home to Minnesota State University, the state's second-largest university by enrollment.
MACS J0416.1−2403
MACS J0416.1−2403 or MACS0416 abbreviated, is a cluster of galaxies at a redshift of z=0.397 with a mass 160 trillion times the mass of the Sun inside 200 kpc (650 kly). Its mass extends out to a radius of 950 kpc (3,100 kly) and was measured as 1.15 × 1015 solar masses. The system was discovered in images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope during the Massive Cluster Survey, MACS. This cluster causes gravitational lensing of distant galaxies producing multiple images. Based on the distribution of the multiple image copies, scientists have been able to deduce and map the distribution of dark matter. The images, released in 2014, were used in the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) to help scientists peer back in time at the early Universe and to discover the distribution of dark matter.

Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the biggest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters.
2,3-sigmatropic rearrangement
2,3-Sigmatropic rearrangements are a type of sigmatropic rearrangements and can be classified into two types. Rearrangements of allylic sulfoxides, amine oxides, selenoxides are neutral. Rearrangements of carbanions of allyl ethers are anionic. The general scheme for this kind of rearrangement is:

Atom Y may be sulfur, selenium, or nitrogen. If Y is nitrogen, the reaction is referred to as the Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement if a quaternary ammonium salt is involved or the aza-Wittig reaction if an alpha-metalated tertiary amine is involved; if Y is oxygen, then it is called a 2,3-Wittig rearrangement (not to be confused with the well-known Wittig reaction, which involves a phosphonium ylide). If Y is sulfur, the product can be treated with a thiophil to generate an allylic alcohol in what is known as the Mislow–Evans rearrangement.

A [2,3]-rearrangement may result in carbon-carbon bond formation. It can also be used as a ring-expansion reaction.

Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement
The Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement (named after M. Sommelet and Charles R. Hauser) is a rearrangement reaction of certain benzyl quaternary ammonium salts. The reagent is sodium amide or another alkali metal amide and the reaction product a N,N-dialkylbenzylamine with a new alkyl group in the aromatic ortho position. For example, benzyltrimethylammonium iodide, [(C6H5CH2)N(CH3)3]I, rearranges in the presence of sodium amide to yield the o-methyl derivative of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine. Although the appearance is of one of the methyl groups migrating off the trimethylammonium group, the process is actually the a pericyclic reaction in which the nitrogen and its three methyl substituents migrate.
Granger, Iowa
Granger is a city in Dallas and Polk counties in the U.S. state of Iowa. The population was 1,654 at the time of the 2020 census, up 184% from 583 in 2000. It is part of the Des Moines–West Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Dallas County, Iowa
Dallas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, its population was 99,678, and was estimated to be 115,343 in 2024. making it the sixth-most populous county in Iowa. Between 2010 and 2020, it was the fastest growing county in Iowa and one of the fastest growing in the country. The county seat is Adel and the largest city is Waukee. The county was named for George M. Dallas, Vice President of the United States under James K. Polk, the namesake of neighboring Polk County.

Dallas County is included in the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Brent South
Brent South was a constituency for the House of Commons of the UK Parliament; the areas of the constituency chiefly fell into the new Brent Central for the 2010 general election which was the date of its abolition. It elected one member (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

From its creation in 1974, the constituency consistently elected Labour MPs with large majorities. At the 2010 general election, Brent South was abolished and split between neighbouring Brent North and two newly created constituencies: Brent Central and Hampstead and Kilburn.

Hampstead and Kilburn
Hampstead and Kilburn was a constituency created in 2010 and represented in the House of Commons by Tulip Siddiq of the Labour Party from 2015 until its abolition for the 2024 general election. Glenda Jackson was the MP from 2010 to 2015, having served for the predecessor seat of Hampstead and Highgate since 1992.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency – excluding the Borough of Brent wards of Brondesbury Park, Kilburn and Queens Park – was incorporated into the re-established seat of Hampstead and Highgate.
Jamestown, Rhode Island
Jamestown is a town in Newport County, Rhode Island,  United States. The population was 5,559 at the 2020 census. Jamestown is situated almost entirely on Conanicut Island, the second largest island in Narragansett Bay. It also includes the uninhabited Dutch Island and Gould Island.

Fort Wetherill
Fort Wetherill is a former coast artillery fort that occupies the southern portion of the eastern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown, Rhode Island. It sits atop high granite cliffs, overlooking the entrance to Narragansett Bay. Fort Dumpling from the American Revolutionary War occupied the site until it was built over by Fort Wetherill.  Wetherill was deactivated and turned over to the State of Rhode Island after World War II and is now operated as Fort Wetherill State Park, a 51-acre (210,000 m2) reservation managed by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management.
Changing bag
A changing bag is a photographic bag specifically designed to be light-proof and therefore to protect the light sensitive (unexposed) film before intended use. A changing bag is made of light proof material, and usually is composed of synthetic fibre. They are convenient to use when a darkroom is not available, as when in the field. Many photographers do not own or have access to a darkroom, yet still need to being able to protect film from light, as when removing film from its canister to put it into a developing tank, or loading and unloading sheet film holders. They are also commonly found on the set of a film, where the clapper loader may need one if shooting on location or far away from a darkroom.

Developing tank
A developing tank is a light-tight container used for developing film. A developing tank allows photographic film to be developed in a daylight environment. This is necessary because most film is panchromatic and therefore can not be exposed to any light during processing. Depending upon the size and type, a developing tank can hold one to many roll or sheet films.
Famous brands include Paterson, Yankee, Jobo and Nikor.

A film reel holds roll films in a spiral shape. The film is held evenly spaced so that the chemicals in the developing tank reach all of the film.
Oystercatcher
The oystercatchers are a group of waders forming the family Haematopodidae, which has a single genus, Haematopus. They are found on coasts worldwide apart from the polar regions and some tropical regions of Africa and South East Asia. The exceptions to this are the Eurasian oystercatcher, the South Island oystercatcher, and the Magellanic oystercatcher, which also breed inland, far inland in some cases. In the past there has been a great deal of confusion as to the species limits, with discrete populations of all black oystercatchers being afforded specific status but pied oystercatchers being considered one single species.

Magellanic oystercatcher
The Magellanic oystercatcher (Haematopus leucopodus) is a species of wader in the family Haematopodidae. It is found in Argentina, Chile and the Falkland Islands in freshwater lake and sandy shore habitats.
Indian River Estates, Florida
Indian River Estates is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Lucie County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,220 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Port St. Lucie Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Treasure Coast
The Treasure Coast is a region in the east of the U.S. state of Florida. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and comprises Indian River, Martin, and St. Lucie counties. The region, whose name refers to the Spanish Treasure Fleet that was lost in a 1715 hurricane, evidently emerged from residents' desire to distinguish themselves from the Gold Coast to the south (the coast along Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties). The Treasure Coast was the most severely affected by Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004, with the damage from the storms exceeding $7 billion (2004 USD).

The Treasure Coast area includes parts of two metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) designated by the Office of Management and Budget and used for statistical purposes by the Census Bureau and other agencies: the Port St. Lucie MSA (comprising St. Lucie and Martin counties) and the Sebastian–Vero Beach, Florida MSA (comprising Indian River County).
W. R. Johnson
Walter Ralph Johnson (July 9, 1933 – April 13, 2024), commonly known as W. Ralph Johnson and published as W. R. Johnson, was an American classicist. He was the John Matthews Manly Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Classics at the University of Chicago from 1989 to 1998. He coined the term "Harvard School" to describe interpretations of the Aeneid as opposed to the Roman emperor Augustus and his ideology.

Darkness Visible: A Study of Vergil's Aeneid
Darkness Visible: A Study of Vergil's Aeneid is an academic monograph by the American Latinist W. R. Johnson. Published in 1976 by University of California Press, the book presents an interpretation of the Aeneid, an epic by the Roman poet Vergil. Claiming to abandon previously dominant historical-political reading, Johnson argues that the poem is at its heart concerned with the darkness of the human condition.

Darkness Visible was met with mixed reviews with commentators praising its central claims but criticising its argumentation, style, and bibliographic documentation. The book is also credited with coining the term "Harvard School" to describe a brand of pessimistic Vergil scholarship produced in the English-speaking world. Even though the designation established itself in academic discourse, it was rejected in 1995 by one of the school's proponents, Wendell Clausen.
Kiss Does... Rave
Kiss Does... Rave is a compilation album released by the Kiss Network on 30 April 2007. It was released on both a two-CD album and on a 1GB USB flash drive – it was the first album in the UK to be released in USB format, and was sold exclusively through HMV stores and on Kiss and HMV's websites.  Steve Parkinson, Kiss's managing director, described releasing the album on USB as "another example of Kiss being ahead of the game, knowing its audience and engaging with them in ways that will inspire and entertain".

The first disc of the CD version of the album comprised 19 rave tracks from the 1990s; the second disc contained 18 new rave songs from the 2000s. The USB version held 26 tracks in 256kpbs WMA format. NME described Kiss Does... Rave as being "the first album to draw the line between original and nu rave".

Kiss (UK radio station)
Kiss is a British digital radio station owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Kiss Network. Kiss broadcasts nationally to the UK via DAB digital radio, as well as on Bauer's Rayo platform.

The station started in 1985 as a pirate radio station, Kiss FM, before becoming the UK's first legal black and dance music specialist radio station in 1990 as Kiss 100, broadcasting in London on 100.0 FM. Kiss became a digital-only station in 2024 when its FM frequencies in London, Norfolk and the west of England were taken over by Hits Radio.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 1.283 million as of October 2025.
Thamyris Glacier
Thamyris Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Тамирис, romanized: lednik Tamiris, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik tɐˈmiris]) is a 3 km long and 2.8 km wide glacier draining the east slopes of the Trojan Range on Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.  Situated east of Iliad Glacier, south of Rhesus Glacier and northwest of Kleptuza Glacier.  Flowing northeastwards into Fournier Bay south of Predel Point and north of Madzharovo Point.

The glacier is named after the Thracian singer Thamyris in Homer's Iliad.

Predel Point
Predel Point (Bulgarian: нос Предел, ‘Nos Predel’ \'nos pre-'del\) is a point on the northwest coast of Fournier Bay in Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica separating the termini of Rhesus Glacier to the north and Thamyris Glacier 4 km to the south.

The point is named after Predel Saddle  between the mountains of Pirin and Rila in southwestern Bulgaria.