hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Awa'uq Massacre
The Awa'uq Massacre or Refuge Rock Massacre, or, more recently, as the Wounded Knee of Alaska, was an attack and massacre of Koniag Alutiiq (Sugpiaq) people in August 1784 at Refuge Rock near Kodiak Island by Russian fur trader Grigory Shelekhov and 130 armed Russian men and cannoneers of his Shelikhov-Golikov Company.

Maritime fur trade
The maritime fur trade, a ship-based fur trade system, focused largely on acquiring furs of sea otters and other animals from the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast and Alaska Natives. Entrepreneurs also exploited fur-bearing skins from the wider Pacific (from, for example, the Juan Fernández fur seal) and from the Southern Ocean.

The trade mostly serviced the market in Qing China, which imported furs and exported tea, silks, porcelain, and other Chinese goods, which were then sold in Europe and in the United States.
National Computer Camps
National Computer Camps are computer camps for children and teens founded in 1977 by Dr. Michael Zabinski. There are locations at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut, where Dr. Zabinski is a professor of physics and engineering; Oglethorpe University in Atlanta, Georgia;  and Baldwin Wallace University in Cleveland, Ohio.

The focus of NCC is 2D and 3D video game design, computer programming, digital video production, web page design, A+ and Network+ certification, Android App programming, and software applications including animation, Flash and Photoshop. An optional sports program is also available. Each week, all levels of programming are offered in Basic, C++, Java, assembler, HTML, XML, and JavaScript. Campers may attend one or multi-week sessions.

NCC was the first summer camp for children founded with a primary focus on computing.

Tech camp
A tech camp is a summer camp which focuses on technology education, sometimes referred to as a computer camp. These camps often include programs such as video game design, robotics, and programming. These camps first began to appear in the United States in the late 1970s. National Computer Camps was the first computer camp established in 1977.
The Way West
The Way West is a 1949 western novel by A. B. Guthrie, Jr. The book won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1950 and became the basis for a film starring Kirk Douglas, Robert Mitchum, and Richard Widmark.

The novel is one in the sequence of six by A. B. Guthrie, Jr. dealing with the Oregon Trail and the development of Montana from 1830, the time of the mountain men, to "the cattle empire of the 1880s to the near present".  The publication sequence started with The Big Sky, followed by The Way West, These Thousand Hills, Arfive (1971), The Last Valley (1975), and Fair Land, Fair Land.

The first three books of the six in chronological story sequence (but not in the sequence of publishing) — The Big Sky, The Way West, and Fair Land, Fair Land — are in themselves a complete trilogy, starting in 1830 with Boone Caudill leaving Kentucky to become a mountain man and ending with the death of Caudill and later the death of Dick Summers in the 1870s.

The Way West (film)
The Way West is a 1967 American Western film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen and starring Kirk Douglas, Robert Mitchum, and Richard Widmark. The supporting cast features Lola Albright, Jack Elam, Sally Field, Katherine Justice, and Stubby Kaye. Ostensibly based on the 1949 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by A. B. Guthrie Jr. (1901–1991), the film is a drama about a band of settlers traveling by covered wagon train across the American frontier of the West to the Oregon Country on the Oregon Trail in 1843. It includes on-location cinematography by William H. Clothier. Sam Elliott made his feature film debut as an uncredited Missouri townsman.
Midland Scottish
Midland Scottish Omnibuses Ltd was a bus operator formed in June 1985 as a subsidiary of the Scottish Bus Group, created from part of W. Alexander & Sons (Midland) Ltd. The company operated as Midland Scottish until 1991, when it was renamed Midland Bluebird in preparation for privatisation.

From its head office in Camelon (later Larbert), Midland Scottish was the largest bus operator in Stirling, Clackmannanshire and Falkirk districts and was responsible for urban, rural and interurban services in and around Stirling, the Trossachs, Alloa, Falkirk, and Linlithgow, as well as parts of Argyllshire. Services from these places extended into Glasgow, Edinburgh and Perth. The company also provided coaches for Scottish Citylink express work, mainly north west and central Scotland to other towns and cities in Scotland and England.

Scottish Bus Group
The Scottish Bus Group (SBG) was a state-owned group of bus operators covering the whole of mainland Scotland.

The origin of the grouping was the operators owned by and including the Scottish Motor Traction company, which were transferred to Scottish Omnibuses after nationalisation in 1948 under control of the British Transport Commission. Highland Omnibuses was added to the group in 1952.

A new holding company, Scottish Omnibuses Group (Holdings) was formed in 1961, and this was renamed Scottish Bus Group in 1963. Meanwhile, the group had come under control of the Transport Holding Company in 1962 when the British Transport Commission was wound up. It went on to become part of the Scottish Transport Group on 1 January 1969 along with David MacBrayne. At the time it operated 4,700 buses.
Lincoln Nautilus
The Lincoln Nautilus is a mid-sized luxury crossover SUV marketed over two generations by Ford Motor Company's Lincoln luxury brand. The Nautilus was initially renamed from the MKX as part of a midcycle update in 2018 for the 2019 model year, as Lincoln phased out its use of "MK" model names. The name Nautilus is derived from the ancient Greek word nautes, meaning "sailor", as in nautical or astronaut.

The first generation is based on the CD4 platform and was manufactured at Oakville Assembly in Oakville, Ontario, Canada, alongside the Ford Edge, Ford Flex, and Lincoln MKT and manufactured in Hangzhou Assembly in Zhejiang, China, by joint venture Changan Ford from 2021 to 2023. The second generation is solely produced by Changan Ford in China, as Ford was retooling the Oakville Assembly plant to produce electric vehicles.

Changan Ford
Changan Ford (simplified Chinese: 长安福特; traditional Chinese: 長安福特; pinyin: Cháng'ān Fútè; full name Changan Ford Automobile Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Chongqing. It is a 50/50 joint venture between local Changan Automobile and US-based Ford Motor Company. The company's principal activity is the manufacture of Ford brand passenger cars for the Chinese market. The company was formed in December 2012 after the decision to restructure Changan Ford Mazda, whereby Ford and Mazda agreed to work with Changan as separate joint ventures. Currently, Changan Ford's entire production base is the largest manufacturing location outside Detroit, Michigan, for Ford. It has plants in Chongqing, Hangzhou and Harbin.
Julia Laskin
Julia Laskin (Russian: Юлия Кимовна Ласкина) is the William F. and Patty J. Miller Professor of Analytical Chemistry at Purdue University. Her research is focused on the fundamental understanding of ion-surface collisions, understanding of phenomena underlying chemical analysis of large molecules in complex heterogeneous environments, and the development of new instrumentation and methods in preparative and imaging mass spectrometry.

Chava Lifshitz
Chava Lifshitz (Hebrew: חוה ליפשיץ; March 26, 1936 – March 1, 2005), née Eva Wolf, was an Austrian-Israeli chemist who was best known for her contributions to mass spectrometry and the gas-phase chemistry of ions. She was awarded the Israel Chemical Society Prize for Outstanding Scientist in 2003.
Ranjan Wijeratne
General Ranjan Wijeratne (4 April 1931 – 2 March 1991) was a Sri Lankan planter and politician. He served in the Premadasa cabinet as Minister of Foreign Affairs and then Minister of Plantation Industries, while holding the office of State Minister for Defence during the time.

General (Sri Lanka)
General (abbreviated as Gen.) is the highest attainable and full general rank of the Sri Lankan Army and was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of general; it is also considered a four-star rank.

The rank of full general is not always given; this rank is held by a Chief of the Defence Staff (if the chief is appointed from the army and not from the navy or the air force) or is mostly awarded as a ceremonial rank to the Commander of the Army on his day of retirement.

General is a higher rank than lieutenant general, but is lower than field marshal. General is the equivalent of Admiral in the Sri Lanka Navy and Air Chief Marshal in the Sri Lanka Air Force.
Cif
Cif is a French brand of household cleaning products owned by the English-Dutch company Unilever, known as Jif in Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Middle East and the Nordic countries.

Cif was launched in France in 1965 and was marketed in competition against scouring powders such as Vim.

Scouring powder
Scouring powder is a household cleaning product consisting of an abrasive powder mixed with a dry soap or detergent, soda, and possibly dry bleach.

Scouring powder is used to clean encrusted deposits on hard surfaces such as ceramic tiles, pots and pans, baking trays, grill, porcelain sinks, bathtubs, toilet bowls and other bathroom fixtures.  It is meant to be rubbed over the surface with a little water. The abrasive removes the dirt by mechanical action, and is eventually washed away, together with the powder, by rinsing with water.

Scouring powders are similar to scouring soaps and scouring creams in general composition and mode of action, but differ somewhat in the form (dry powder, instead of a bar or paste) and in the primary intended applications.  Scouring powders compete in their intended uses with scouring pads and steel wool.
Sisters of Charity (Anglican)
The Sisters of Charity (SC) is an Anglican religious order following the Rule of St. Vincent de Paul, and so committed to the service of those in need. The Order was founded in 1869. From their mission house in Plymouth, England, the sisters are involved in parish and mission work.  The community also maintains a nursing home near Plymouth. The order maintains a confraternity of oblates.

Until 2008, the Order maintained a convent and guest house in Martinsburg, West Virginia, where the sisters were active in providing care to children and dogs. In that year, the American SC sisters decided to withdraw from the Order, and to unite with the Community of St. Mary (CSM). The sisters have relocated to the CSM convent at Sewanee, Tennessee.

Anglican religious order
Anglican religious orders are communities of men or women (or in some cases mixed communities of men and women) in the Anglican Communion who live under a common rule of life. The members of religious orders take vows which often include the traditional monastic vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, or the ancient vow of stability, or sometimes a modern interpretation of some or all of these vows. Members may be laity or clergy, but most orders and their houses include a mixture of both. They lead a common life of work and prayer, sometimes on a single site, sometimes spread over multiple locations. About 2,400 monks and nuns are currently in the Anglican communion, about 55% of whom are women and 45% of whom are men.

Though many Anglicans are members of religious orders recognized by the Anglican Communion, others may be members of ecumenical Protestant or Old Catholic religious orders while maintaining their Anglican identity and parochial membership in Anglican churches.
Barford, Hampshire
Barford is a scattered hamlet in the civil parish of Headley in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. The village lies on the Hampshire-Surrey border, approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) from Hindhead. Its nearest town is Bordon, which lies approximately 3.6 miles (5.8 km) south-west from the village.

The stream which marks the parish and county boundary once had three mills, all now private dwellings. Two were involved in paper-making, and one corn-grinding. The oldest is mentioned in a pipe-roll of 1264 while the others date from the 18th century. One of the paper mills was subsequently used for flock, and one housed French prisoners of war during the Napoleonic Wars.

Barford bridge, formerly a dangerous ford, was built across the stream in the early 1900s.

Headley, East Hampshire
Headley is a village, civil parish and Anglican parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 1.8 miles (2.9 km) east of Bordon on the B3002 road.

The nearest railway station is 3.6 miles (5.8 km) south of the village at Liphook.

The civil parish of Headley has a population of over 5,500. The parish comprises a number of settlements as well as the village of Headley itself. Its area is 4,862 acres (19.68 km2). The original parish included Grayshott (until 1902), Lindford, and a considerable portion of Bordon (until 1929). The ecclesiastical parish of All Saints, Headley served Lindford and Bordon, although not Grayshott, until March 2002; since then, Bordon has become a separate ecclesiastical parish.
Porter, New York
Porter is a town in Niagara County, New York, United States.  The population was 6,771 at the 2010 census.  The town was named after Judge Augustus Porter.

The Town of Porter lies in the northwest corner of Niagara County and is north of the City of Niagara Falls.

Niagara County, New York
Niagara County is in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 212,666.  The county seat is Lockport. The county name is from the Iroquois word Onguiaahra; meaning the strait or thunder of waters. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Niagara County is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area, and across the Canada–US border is the province of Ontario.

It is the location of Niagara Falls and Fort Niagara, and has many parks and lake shore recreation communities. In the summer of 2008, Niagara County celebrated its 200th birthday with the first settlement of the county, of Niagara Falls.
2017–18 Ascenso MX season
The 2017–18 Ascenso MX season is a two-part competition: Apertura 2017 and Clausura 2018. Ascenso MX is the second-tier football league of Mexico. Apertura began on 21 July 2017, and Clausura began on 5 January 2018.

2017–18 Liga MX season
The 2017–18 Liga MX season  (known as the Liga BBVA Bancomer MX for sponsorship reasons) was the 71st professional season of the top-flight football league in Mexico. The season is split into two championships—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each in an identical format and each contested by the same eighteen teams.
Jackie Walker (activist)
Jacqueline Walker (born 10 April 1954) is a British and American political activist and writer. She has been a teacher and anti-racism trainer.  She is the author of a family memoir, Pilgrim State, and the co-writer and performer of a one-woman show, The Lynching. She held the roles of Vice-Chair of South Thanet Constituency Labour Party and Vice-Chair of Momentum before being suspended and ultimately expelled from the party for misconduct.

The Lobby (TV series)
The Lobby is a series of documentaries produced by Al Jazeera that investigate the influence of the Israel lobby in the United Kingdom and in the United States and their relationship to the BDS movement.
1974 Davis Cup Eastern Zone
The Eastern Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1974 Davis Cup.

11 teams entered the Eastern Zone, with 9 teams competing in the preliminary round to join the previous year's finalists Australia and India in the main draw. The winner of the main draw went on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Americas Zone and Europe Zone.

India defeated Australia in the final and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone. With a total of 327 games, the Eastern Zone final set the Davis Cup record for the most games in a tie, still standing as of 2019.

1974 Davis Cup Americas Zone
The Americas Zone was one of the three regional zones of the 1974 Davis Cup.

12 teams entered the Americas Zone split across two sub-zones, the North & Central America Zone and the South America Zone. 9 teams played in the preliminary rounds, competing to advance to the main draw and join the remaining 3 teams which advanced to the main draw directly. The winners of each sub-zone main draw then played against each other to determine who moved to the Inter-Zonal Zone to compete against the winners of the Eastern Zone and Europe Zone.

Colombia defeated the United States in the North & Central America Zone final, and South Africa defeated Chile in the South America Zone final. In the Americas Inter-Zonal Final, South Africa defeated Colombia and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.
Madriz Department
Madriz (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈðɾis]) is a department in Nicaragua. It covers an area of 1,708 km2 and has a population of 176,920 (2021 estimate). The capital is Somoto.

Madriz was created from Nueva Segovia department in 1936, and named after President José Madriz.

The Madriz flag is extremely similar to the flag of France. It has the same proportions, but the blue and red are slightly different shades.

Nueva Segovia Department
Nueva Segovia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnweβa seˈɣoβja]) is a department in Nicaragua. It covers an area of 3,491 km2 and has a population of 275,291 (2021 estimate). Nueva Segovia is also home to the indigenous Chorotegas and Nahuas. The capital is Ocotal.
Sarcogyne albothallina
Sarcogyne albothallina is a species of rock-dwelling, crustose lichen-forming fungus in the family Acarosporaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 from specimens collected from the Missouri Breaks region of Montana. It is differentiated from others in Sarcogyne by its white, non-powdery thallus and by the presence of 4-O-methylhiascic acid, a combination of features that separates it from other species sharing a blackened upper spore-bearing surface (carbonized epihymenium).

Sarcogyne
Sarcogyne is a genus of crustose lichen-forming fungi in the family Acarosporaceae. It was circumscribed by German botanist Julius von Flotow in 1850. A proposal has been put forth in 2021 to assign Sarcogyne clavus as the type species of the genus, "as it represents the original concept of Sarcogyne as having melanized lecideine apothecia without algae in the margin".
Transmission Gallery
Transmission Gallery is an artist-run space in Glasgow. It was established in 1983 by graduates of Glasgow School of Art. It primarily shows the work of young early career artists and is run by a changing voluntary committee of six people. Among the artists who have served on its committee are Douglas Gordon, Claire Barclay, Roderick Buchanan, Christine Borland, Jacqueline Donachie, Martin Boyce, Simon Starling, Lucy Skaer, Adam Benmakhlouf, Alberta Whittle, Ashanti Sharda Harris and Katherine Ka Yi Liu 廖加怡.

Artist-run space
An artist-run space or artist-run centre (Canada) is a gallery or other facility operated or directed by artists, frequently circumventing the structures of public art centers, museums, or commercial galleries and allowing for a more experimental program. An artist-run initiative (ARI) is any project run by artists, including sound or visual artists, to present their and others' projects. They might approximate a traditional art gallery space in appearance or function, or they may take a markedly different approach, limited only by the artist's understanding of the term. "Artist-run initiatives" is an umbrella name for many types of artist-generated activity.
Joint Force Command Norfolk
The Joint Force Command - Norfolk (abbr.  JFC-NF) is a joint operational level command part of the NATO Military Command Structure under Allied Command Operations. Its headquarters is located in Norfolk, Virginia, United States. It is the functional successor to Allied Command Atlantic, which was disbanded in 2002.

Allied Command Operations
The Allied Command Operations (abbr.  ACO, French: Commandement allié Opérations) is one of the two strategic commands of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the other being Allied Command Transformation (ACT). The headquarters and commander of ACO is Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) and Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), respectively.
BMW 4 Series (F32)
The first generation of the BMW 4 Series consists of the BMW F32 (coupé version), BMW F33 (convertible version) and BMW F36 (five-door liftback version, marketed as 'Gran Coupé') compact executive cars. The F32/F33/F36 was produced from 2013 to 2020 and is often collectively referred to as the F32.

The F32 was introduced as the successor to the E92/E93 coupé/convertible models of the fifth-generation 3 Series range. The F32 is produced alongside - and shares many features with - the F30 3 Series. As with the F30 3 Series range, the F32/F33/F36 is powered by turbocharged petrol and diesel engines with three cylinders (petrol only), four cylinders, and six cylinders.

The high performance F82/F83 M4 models were introduced in early 2014. They are powered by the S55 turbocharged straight-six engine.

North American International Auto Show
The Detroit Auto Show, formerly known as the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS), is an annual auto show held in Detroit, Michigan. Hosted at Huntington Place (formerly Cobo Center) since 1965, it is among the largest auto shows in North America, and is widely regarded as one of the automotive industry's most important events.

The show is organized by the Detroit Auto Dealers Association (DADA), and has been held annually in January for much of its recent history. It is usually open to the general public for 1–2 weeks, preceded by previews for industry employees and media, and a black-tie "charity preview" fundraiser for local children's charities.
For Peace and Stability (parliamentary group)
For Peace and Stability (Ukrainian: За мир і стабільність, romanized: Za myr i stabilnist, Russian: За мир и стабильность, romanized: Za mir i stabil'nost') was a Ukrainian parliamentary faction in its national parliament Verkhovna Rada from 2 July 2014 till 27 November 2014. The group included 34 MPs.

Soyuz (political party)
The Party "Soyuz" (Ukrainian: Партія "Союз", Russian: Партия "Союз") is a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine that was mostly based in Crimea until 2014. It was registered in June 1997 under a registration number 867.