hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Kaminiates
John Kaminiates (Greek: Ἰωάννης Καμινιάτης, fl. tenth century) was a Greek resident of Thessalonica when the city, then one of the largest in the Byzantine Empire, was besieged and sacked by a Saracen force led by Leo of Tripoli in 904. His account of the city's plunder, On the capture of Thessalonica (Εἰς τὴν ἅλωσιν τῆς Θεσσαλονίκης, Eis tēn alōsin tēs Thessalonikēs), survives in four manuscripts; though of these, none were written before the fourteenth century, causing some concern over the text's authenticity.

Leo of Tripoli
Leo of Tripoli (Greek: Λέων ὸ Τριπολίτης), known in Arabic as Rashīq al-Wardāmī (رشيق الوردامي), and Ghulām Zurāfa (غلام زرافة), was a Greek renegade and fleet commander for the Abbasid Caliphate in the early tenth century. He is most notable for his sack of Thessalonica, the Byzantine Empire's second city, in 904.
Tommy Villiers
Thomas George Villiers is an English musician from Saffron Walden. After being introduced to dance music via his brother, he began producing drum and bass tracks and uploading them to SoundCloud. While at the Royal Northern College of Music, he joined See Thru Hands and cofounded Porij, with whom he released one and two EPs respectively. In mid-2020, he formed Piri & Tommy with Piri, with whom he released the mixtape Froge.mp3, which they promoted with Froge.tour, and several singles including "Soft Spot", "Beachin", "On & On", "Feel It", "Updown", and "Nice 2 Me". He also played the anti-hero in the music video for Wet Leg's "Ur Mum" and has released several singles including a remix of LF System's "Afraid to Feel".

Porij
Porij are an English four-piece band formed in Manchester in 2019 after meeting at the Royal Northern College of Music. At the time, the band consisted of Tommy Villiers, Tom Donaldson, James Middleton, and Scout Moore. Villiers and Donaldson later left and were replaced by guitarist Jacob Maguire and drummer Nathan Carroll. They have released the EPs Breakfast, Baby Face, and Outlines, before supporting Coldplay for four Manchester gigs of their Music of the Spheres World Tour in mid-2023. They released their debut album, Teething, in April 2024, which was received positively by DIY, The Line of Best Fit, NME, Dork, and Clash, but not The Guardian.
Leif Westerberg
Leif Westerberg (born 28 August 1974) is a retired Swedish professional golfer. He played on the European Tour and Challenge Tour between 1997 and 2011, recording two victories. As an amateur, he won the 1992 R&A Boys Amateur Championship and the 1995 NCAA Championship.

St Andrews Trophy
The St Andrews Trophy is a biennial men's team golf tournament contested between teams of amateur golfers representing Great Britain & Ireland and the Continent of Europe. It takes its name from St Andrews in Scotland.

It was first played in 1956 and takes place in even-numbered years; Great Britain & Ireland plays in the United States in the Walker Cup in odd-numbered years. In 2025 the St Andrews Trophy will move to odd-numbered years and the Walker Cup will be played from even-numbered years from 2026. The St Andrews Trophy is staged alternately in Great Britain & Ireland and on the Continent, and is organised by The R&A (an offshoot of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the European Golf Association. The St Andrews Trophy itself was presented by the Royal and Ancient Club in 1963.

The event is played on two consecutive days. On both days there are four morning foursomes followed by afternoon singles, eight on the first day and nine on the second.
Avernum: Escape from the Pit
Avernum: Escape from the Pit is a role-playing video game developed by Spiderweb Software. It is the first game in the remade Avernum First Trilogy and the second ground-up rewrite of Exile: Escape from the Pit, released in 1995 (the first rewrite was Avernum, released in 2000). The game was re-released as a graphics and game engine update, and it addressed Avernum incompatibilities with newer versions of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion and newer.

The game was released for Mac OS X on December 14, 2011, and in April 2012 for Microsoft Windows and the iPad.

Spiderweb Software
Spiderweb Software is an independent video game developer founded in 1994 by Jeff Vogel in Seattle, Washington. Its primary focus is on creating demoware games for the Mac, Microsoft Windows, Android and the iPad. The games emphasize storytelling and turn-based gameplay and use a retro style of graphics.
Nashville Board of Parks and Recreation
The Nashville Metropolitan Board of Parks and Recreation (also known as Metro Parks and Recreation or Nashville Parks and Recreation) is a municipal board that is responsible for maintaining the parks system of Nashville, Tennessee, United States, and furnishing recreational opportunities for city's residents.  The board maintains over 10,710 acres (4,330 ha) of park space.  The Board is responsible for over 100 stand-alone parks and 7 municipal golf courses. The ParkScore index is a national comparison of park systems scored on five categories; in 2024, Nashville and Davidson County's parks ranked 78th out of the 100 most populous cities in the U.S.

Centennial Park (Nashville)
Centennial Park is a large urban park located approximately two miles (three km) west of downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States, across West End Avenue (U.S. Highway 70S) from the campus of Vanderbilt University. The 21st-century headquarters campus of the Hospital Corporation of America was developed adjacent to the park.

Cultivated as farmland by some of the earliest families in Nashville, the territory became controlled by the state and used as a park after the American Civil War. In the last decade, it was used as a racetrack. It was redeveloped as the site of the Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition in 1897. Afterward most of the temporary exhibit structures were removed, but the replica of the Parthenon remained. Centennial Park was opened in 1903. Due to the popularity of the Parthenon, it was rebuilt in steel and concrete between 1925 and 1931.
Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride
Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula [Co(NH3)6]Cl3.  It is the chloride salt of the coordination complex [Co(NH3)6]3+, which is considered an archetypal "Werner complex", named after the pioneer of coordination chemistry, Alfred Werner. The cation itself is a metal ammine complex with six ammonia ligands attached to the cobalt(III) ion.

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
Evangelical Regional Church in Baden
The Evangelical Regional Church in Baden (German: Evangelische Landeskirche in Baden; i.e. Evangelical Regional Church in Baden) is a United Protestant member church of the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD), and member of the Conference of Churches on the Rhine (since 1961), which now functions as a regional group of the Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe (CPCE). The Evangelical Regional Church in Baden is a united Protestant church. Its headquarter, the Evangelical Superior Church Council (German: Evangelischer Oberkirchenrat, EOK) is located in Karlsruhe.

The church is not to be confused with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Baden, based in Freiburg im Breisgau.

Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe
The Communion of Protestant Churches in Europe (CPCE; German: Gemeinschaft Evangelischer Kirchen in Europa, GEKE) is a fellowship of over 100 Protestant churches which have signed the Leuenberg Agreement. Together they strive for realizing church communion, especially by cooperation in witness and service to the world. Prior to 2003 the CPCE was known as the "Leuenberg Church Fellowship".

In membership are most Lutheran and Reformed churches in Europe, the united churches that originated from mergers of those churches, and such pre-Reformation churches as the Waldensians. The European Methodist churches joined the CPCE by a common declaration of church fellowship in 1997.

The General Secretary of the CPCE is Mario Fischer. The Community's offices are located in Vienna, Austria, and are shared with those of the Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession in Austria.
Gustav Hartlaub
Karel Johan Gustav Hartlaub (8 November 1814 – 29 November 1900) was a German physician and ornithologist.

Hartlaub was born in Bremen, and studied at Bonn and Berlin before graduating in medicine at Göttingen. In 1840, he began to study and collect exotic birds, which he donated to the Bremen Natural History Museum. He described some of these species for the first time. In 1852, he set up a new journal with Jean Cabanis, the Journal für Ornithologie. He wrote with Otto Finsch, Beitrag zur Fauna Centralpolynesiens: Ornithologie der Viti-, Samoa und Tonga- Inseln. Halle, H. Schmidt. This 1867 work which has handcoloured lithographs was based on bird specimens collected by Eduard Heinrich Graeffe for Museum Godeffroy.
A number of birds were named for him, including Hartlaub's Bustard, Hartlaub's Turaco, Hartlaub's Duck, and Hartlaub's Gull.

Hartlaub's gull
Hartlaub's gull (Chroicocephalus hartlaubii) is a small gull in the genus Chroicocephalus. It was formerly (as with other related gulls) placed in the genus Larus until genetic research demonstrated that the old broad view of that genus was paraphyletic. In the past it had sometimes been treated as a subspecies of the Australasian silver gull (C. novaehollandiae), but is now treated as a separate species; current genetic evidence suggests its closest relative is not the silver gull but the African and South American grey-headed gull (C. cirrocephalus), and in particular the African subspecies of it C. c. poiocephalus (with the possibility that C. cirrocephalus is paraphyletic with respect to C. hartlaubii: Černý & Natale 2022, Fig. 6).

The species' name commemorates the German physician and zoologist, Gustav Hartlaub. In the past, it was also sometimes known as "king gull".
College Area, San Diego
The College Area is a residential community in the Mid-City region of San Diego, California, United States. It is dominated by San Diego State University (SDSU), after which the area is named. Several neighborhoods in the College Area were developed in the 1930s, with others becoming established in the post-war period.

The College Area is bordered to the west by Kensington and Talmadge and to the east by the city of La Mesa. It includes the neighborhoods of the Catoctin Area, Dennstedt Point, East Falls View Drive, Saranac-Mohawk, and an Orthodox Jewish neighborhood near Congregation Beth Jacob Orthodox Synagogue.

El Cajon Boulevard is a busy shopping district; additional retail establishments are at South Campus Plaza, a university housing and commercial complex on College Avenue. The region includes East Campus Medical Center at UC San Diego Health, a 306-bed acute care facility, and the College-Rolando branch of the San Diego Public Library.

East Campus Medical Center at UC San Diego Health
East Campus Medical Center at UC San Diego Health is a teaching hospital of UC San Diego Health at the University of California, San Diego.

It is a 306-bed acute care hospital operated by UC San Diego Health in San Diego, California, adjacent to San Diego State University (SDSU). It serves the College Area, San Diego, and is one of only two hospitals serving East County, San Diego.
Pattharkot
Pattharkot  is a town in Lalbandi Municipality in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,825 people living in 825 individual households.

Sarlahi District
Sarlahi (Nepali: सर्लाही Listenⓘ) is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Being one of eight districts of Madhesh Province, it is an Outer Terai district, which borders Rautahat district to the west, Mahottari district to the east, Sindhuli district to the north, and the Indian state of Bihar to the south. The district, with Malangwa as its headquarter, covers an area of 1,259 km2 (486 sq mi) and has a population of 862,470 in 2021.
Battle of Ogdensburg
The Battle of Ogdensburg was a battle of the War of 1812. The British gained a victory over the Americans and captured the village of Ogdensburg, New York.  Although small in scale, it removed the American threat to British supply lines for the remainder of the war.

Ogdensburg, New York
Ogdensburg is a city in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 10,064 at the 2020 census. In the late 18th century, European-American settlers named the community after American land owner and developer Samuel Ogden. The city is at the northern border of New York at the mouth of the Oswegatchie River on the south bank of the St. Lawrence River. The only formally designated city in the county, it is located between Massena, New York to the east and Brockville, Ontario to the west.

The port of Ogdensburg is the only U.S. port on the St. Lawrence Seaway. The Ogdensburg–Prescott International Bridge, northeast of the city, links the United States and Canada, with a direct highway from Prescott to Ottawa, the capital of Canada.
Charles W. Clinton
Charles William Clinton (1838–1910) was an American architect.  From 1894 until his death, Clinton was a partner of the prominent firm of Clinton and Russell, but from 1858 through 1894 he conducted his own significant career.

Clinton was born and raised in New York, and received his formal architectural training in the office of Richard Upjohn. He left Upjohn in 1858 to begin a private practice, although he was associated with Edward Tuckerman Potter, and in the 1870s Clinton is twice credited alongside James W. Pirsson as collaborators.

Clinton's most prominent solo commission is the privately funded and unusually ornate 1880 Seventh Regiment Armory on Park Avenue in New York City; the architect himself was a member of the Seventh Regiment's Company K.

Clinton died at his home in New York City on December 1, 1910.

Clinton and Russell
Clinton and Russell was a well-known architectural firm founded in 1894 in New York City, United States. The firm was responsible for several New York City buildings, including some in Lower Manhattan.
Second Chifley ministry
The Second Chifley ministry (Labor) was the 33rd ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 16th Prime Minister, Ben Chifley. The Second Chifley Ministry succeeded the First Chifley ministry, which dissolved on 1 November 1946 following the federal election that took place in September. The ministry was replaced by the Fourth Menzies ministry on 19 December 1949 following the federal election that took place on 10 December which saw the Liberal–Country Coalition defeat Labor.

Nelson Lemmon, who died in 1989, was the last surviving member of the Second Chifley Ministry.

Nelson Lemmon
Nelson Lemmon (22 March 1908 – 20 March 1989) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and served as Minister for Works and Housing (1946–1949) in the Chifley government. He played a key role in establishing the Snowy Mountains Scheme.
Mathias Katamba
Mathias Katamba is a Ugandan economist, business executive, entrepreneur and banker. He was appointed as the non-executive chairman of the Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC), effective March 2024. Previously, from January 2019 until January 2023, he was the managing director and chief executive officer of DFCU Bank, a commercial bank in Uganda.

Before that, he was the managing director and chief executive officer of Housing Finance Bank, a commercial bank, co-owned by the Ugandan government and the National Social Security Fund (Uganda), a semi-autonomous retirement pension organisation for non-government employees in Uganda.

Uganda National Oil Company
The Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC), also known as the National Oil Company of Uganda, is a limited liability petroleum company in Uganda owned by the Ugandan government. The 2013 Petroleum (Exploration, Development and Production) Act of Uganda provides for the establishment of the national oil company. UNOC's board of directors was inaugurated on 23 October 2015 by the president of Uganda.
Memories of El Monte
"Memories of El Monte" is a doo-wop song released in 1963 by the Penguins featuring Cleve Duncan. It was written by Frank Zappa and Ray Collins before they were in the Mothers of Invention. The song was first released as Original Sound 27.

The Penguins
The Penguins were an American doo-wop group from Los Angeles, California, that were active during the 1950s and early 1960s. They are known for their 1954 hit song, "Earth Angel", which was one of the first rhythm and blues songs to cross over to the pop charts. The song would ultimately prove to be their only success. The song peaked at No. 8 on the US Billboard Best Sellers in Stores pop chart but had a three-week run at No. 1 on the R&B chart.
Robert Fayrfax
Robert Fayrfax (23 April 1464 – 24 October 1521) was an English Renaissance composer, considered the most prominent and influential of the reigns of Kings Henry VII and Henry VIII of England. He represents the third stage of the development of the English votive style in the Eton Choirbook and the Caius Choirbook.

English Votive Style
The English Votive Style, or simply the Votive Style, was a movement in English early Renaissance choral polyphony that began in the 1470s, in the final stages of the Wars of the Roses, and ended in the 1540s, with the death of Henry VIII and the beginning of the Edwardian Reformation. A brief revival occurred in the 1550s with the reign of Mary I, which came to an end by the 1559 injunctions.

The style is characterised by high treble lines, long solo verses and a frequent use of melisma throughout. Votive antiphons in the style were generally performed at the end of the day, after compline, while longer Lady Masses occurred on feast days. While most of the surviving body in the style is Marian, masses and motets for other non-Marian feast days were also composed.
David Taylor Model Basin
The David W. Taylor Model Basin (DTMB) is one of the largest ship model basins—test facilities for the development of ship design—in the world. DTMB is a field activity of the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center.

Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center
The Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center is one of eight Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Surface Warfare Centers. The headquarters, located in Carderock, Maryland, includes the historic David Taylor Model Basin. The division includes remote sites across the United States concentrating on engineering, testing and modelling ship and ship's systems for the Navy. It has about 3,200 scientists, engineers, and support personnel working in more than 40 disciplines from fundamental science to applied and in-service engineering.
Casalmaggiore
Casalmaggiore (Casalasco-Viadanese: Casalmagiùr) is a comune in the province of Cremona, Lombardy, Italy, located on the Po River. It was the birthplace of Italian composers Ignazio Donati and Andrea Zani.
Recently, its women's volleyball team Volleyball Casalmaggiore has played in the Serie A1, winning the championship in the 2014–15 season.

Sights include the Duomo (cathedral), the Museo Diotti, and the Bijoux Museum.

Emilian language
Emilian (Reggiano, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân; Bolognese: emigliàn; Piacentino: emigliän; Italian: emiliano) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia, which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna.

Emilian has a default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian (Tuscan) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics.
Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz
Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz OCist (Juan Caramuel de Lobkowitz, 23 May 1606 in Madrid — 7 or 8 September 1682 in Vigevano) was a Spanish Catholic scholastic philosopher, ecclesiastic, mathematician, polyglot, and writer. He is believed to be a great-grandson of Jan Popel y Lobkowicz.

Vigevano
Vigevano (Italian: [viˈdʒɛːvano, -ˈdʒeː-]; Western Lombard: Avgevan) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Pavia, in the Italian region of Lombardy. A historic art town, it is also renowned for shoemaking and is one of the main centres of Lomellina, a rice-growing agricultural district. Vigevano received the honorary title of city with a decree of Duke Francis II Sforza on 2 February 1532. It is famed for its Renaissance Piazza Ducale in the centre of the town. It is also known for the Rassegna Litteraria di Vigevano (Literary Review of Vigevano), an annual cultural event celebrating literature and the arts, which honours two distinguished personalities from the world of culture every year with the National Prize and the International Career Prize.
Richard Bell (bishop)
Richard Bell (died 1496) was a Bishop of Carlisle. He was selected 11 February 1478, and consecrated 26 April 1478. He resigned the see on 4 September 1495, and died in 1496.  He had previously served as Warden of Durham College, Oxford from 1450-53 and Prior of Finchale from 1457 to 1464.

Finchale Priory
Finchale Priory (/ˈfɪŋkəl/ FING-kəl), sometimes referred to as Finchale Abbey, was a 13th-century Benedictine priory. The remains are sited by the River Wear, four miles from Durham, England. It is a Grade I listed building.
Bookmark (TV series)
Bookmark is a BBC documentary series about literature, and in particular the lives of authors, broadcast on BBC Two from 1983 to 1999. The first episode was described in the Radio Times as offering insight into "the stories behind the books you read" and was a magazine format presented by Simon Winchester (1983), later Ian Hamilton (1984–1987).

Later series were mostly single or two-part film studies of an author and his or her works, along similar lines to Arena and Omnibus. These included Philip Larkin, A. S. Byatt, H. G. Wells, Enid Blyton and Rev. W. Awdry ("The Thomas the Tank Engine Man"). The current director of the British Library, Roly Keating, was editor of the programme from 1993 to 1996.

Roly Keating
Sir Roland Francis Kester Keating (born 5 August 1961) is a British executive who was chief executive of the British Library from September 2012 to December 2024.

In his previous career at the BBC he launched BBC Four and served as Controller of BBC Two from 2004 to 2008. Keating is a governor of the Southbank Centre, a trustee of Sheffield DocFest and Clore Leadership and an advisory board member of the Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose at University College London.
Ancilla College
Ancilla College was a private Catholic junior college near Donaldson, Indiana, United States. It was founded by the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ in 1937 as an extension of DePaul University for the training of Catholic novices and candidates of the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ. In 1966 the college started admitting the public as a private liberal arts community college. Ancilla College focuses on serving the seven surrounding counties of Indiana. Ancilla College granted associate degrees in multiple programs and had transfer agreements with 14 Indiana colleges and universities. The Latin word ancilla means "handmaid or servant," a reference to the college's sponsor, the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ.

In 2021 Ancilla College was merged into Marian University, a fellow Catholic institution based in Indianapolis, as a regional campus.

Donaldson, Indiana
Donaldson is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in West Township, Marshall County, Indiana, United States. It is home to Ancilla College and the American motherhouse of the Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ.