hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Design load
In general, the term design load can refer to two distinct concepts:

the maximum amount a system is designed to handle, or

the maximum amount the system is capable of producing.

These interpretations represent fundamentally different aspects of system performance. The design load is either the same as or a multiple of the rated load, which represents the system's declared performance capacity, see structural design load section below.

Structures and pressure vessels have design loads of the first type. Electric motors, compressors and heaters have design loads of the second type. Cranes have design loads of both the first and second type because they have to lift a defined load and do that at a specified speed.

Factor of safety
In engineering, a factor of safety (FoS) or safety factor (SF) expresses how much stronger a system is than it needs to be for its specified maximum load. Safety factors are often calculated using detailed analysis because comprehensive testing is impractical on many projects, such as bridges and buildings, but the structure's ability to carry a load must be determined to a reasonable accuracy.
Many systems are intentionally built much stronger than needed for normal usage to allow for emergency situations, unexpected loads, misuse, or degradation (reliability).

Margin of safety (MoS or MS) is a related measure, expressed as a relative change.
Arab American National Museum
The Arab American National Museum (AANM, Arabic: المتحف الوطني العربي الأمريكي) is a museum in Dearborn, Michigan, highlighting the history, experiences, and contributions of Arab Americans. Established in 2005, it is the first, and largest, museum in the world devoted to Arab American history and culture. It is a division of the Arab Community Center for Economic and Social Services (ACCESS), and a Smithsonian Affiliate.

Smithsonian Affiliations
Smithsonian Affiliations is a division of the Smithsonian Institution that establishes long-term partnerships with non-Smithsonian museums and educational and cultural organizations in order to share collections, exhibitions and educational strategies and conduct joint research. Partner organizations are known as "Smithsonian Affiliates".
10 agorot controversy
The 10 agorot controversy refers to a conspiracy theory made public by Palestine Liberation Organization chairman Yasser Arafat's appearance at a specially convened session of the UN Security Council in Geneva on 25 May 1990. At the session, Arafat claimed that the obverse design of an Israeli ten agorot coin showed a map of "Greater Israel" that represented Zionist expansionist goals.

Israeli agora
The Agora (/æɡəˈrɑː/; plural Agorot /-ˈrɒt/; Hebrew: אגורה, pl. אגורות‎, agorot) is a denomination of the currency of Israel. The Israeli currency – the Israeli new shekel (ILS)– is divided into 100 agorot.
Park Ridge station (NJ Transit)
Park Ridge is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of Park Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the intersection of Park and Hawthorne Avenues, the station services trains on the Pascack Valley Line, which runs from Hoboken Terminal to Spring Valley station in New York. The station contains a single low-level side platform split by Park Avenue (County Route 92) and a wooden station depot, built by the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad. As a result, Park Ridge station is not handicap accessible under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

Railroad service through Park Ridge began on May 27, 1871 with the final extension of the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad from Hillsdale station in New Jersey to the junction with the Erie Railroad Piermont Branch at Nanuet. However, in order to establish a stop in Park Ridge, the railroad requested Washington Township residents fund the construction of a new depot.

Park Ridge, New Jersey
Park Ridge is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 8,883, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 238 (+2.8%) from the 2010 census count of 8,645, which in turn had reflected a decline of 63 (−0.7%) from the 8,708 counted at the 2000 census. Park Ridge has continued to grow in population since the 2020 census, by 557  (+6.3%) to an estimated 9,440 residents as of 2023.
Snapdeal
Snapdeal is an Indian e-commerce company, based in New Delhi, India. It was founded in February 2010 by Kunal Bahl and Rohit Bansal.

Snapdeal is one of the top 5 online marketplaces in India. Snapdeal targets the value e-commerce segment, which Bahl estimated to be three times larger than the branded goods market.

Fashion, home and general merchandise account for a majority of the products sold by over 500,000 sellers on Snapdeal. Buyers from more than 3,700 towns in India shop on Snapdeal.

Vani Kola
Vani Kola is an Indian venture capitalist. She is the founder and managing director of Kalaari Capital, an Indian early stage venture capital firm. She was listed as one of the most powerful women in Indian business by Fortune India in 2014.
N-Methyl-DOET
N-Methyl-DOET, also known as DOETM, as well as 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-N-methylamphetamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It is the N-methyl derivative of the serotonergic psychedelic 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOET).

Methyl-DOB
Methyl-DOB, or N-methyl-DOB, also known as 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-N-methylamphetamine, MDOB, or M-154, is a psychoactive drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It is the N-methyl derivative of the psychedelic drug DOB.
Sedum villosum
Sedum villosum, known as the hairy stonecrop or purple stonecrop, is a biennial to perennial flowering plant. Its leaves, which are 3–8 mm (0.1–0.3 in) long and may be reddish in colour, are generally covered with hairs, although S. villosum var. glabratum may have hairless leaves. Individual flowers have five pink petals, each up to 5 mm (0.2 in) long.

It is native to Greenland, Iceland and northern and central Europe, east to Lithuania and Poland. It has also been recorded from islands in south-eastern Canada. Within Britain, it is found as far south as mid-Yorkshire. Compared to other species in the genus Sedum, it is unusual in preferring damp habitats.

Sedum
Sedum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, members of which are commonly known as stonecrops. The genus has been described as containing up to 600 species, subsequently reduced to 400–500. They are leaf succulents found primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, but extending into the southern hemisphere in Africa and South America. The plants vary from annual and creeping herbs to shrubs. The plants have water-storing leaves. The flowers usually have five petals, seldom four or six. There are typically twice as many stamens as petals. Various species formerly classified as Sedum are now in the segregate genera Hylotelephium and Rhodiola.

Well-known European species of Sedum are Sedum acre, Sedum album, Sedum dasyphyllum, and Sedum hispanicum.
Proto-Austroasiatic language
Proto-Austroasiatic is the reconstructed ancestor of the Austroasiatic languages. Proto-Mon–Khmer (i.e., all Austroasiatic branches except for Munda) has been reconstructed in Harry L. Shorto's Mon–Khmer Comparative Dictionary, while a new Proto-Austroasiatic reconstruction is currently being undertaken by Paul Sidwell.

Scholars generally date the ancestral language to c. 3000 BCE – c. 2000 BCE with a homeland in southern China or the Mekong River valley. Sidwell (2022) proposes that the locus of Proto-Austroasiatic was in the Red River Delta area around c. 2500 BCE – c. 2000 BCE.

500 Proto-Austroasiatic etyma were published by Paul Sidwell in 2024.

Proto-Khmeric language
The Proto-Khmeric language is the reconstructed proto-language of the Khmeric languages. It has been reconstructed by Sidwell & Rau (2015), whose reconstruction is based on the sound laws provided in Ferlus (1992). It is agreed by most scholars that this language was phased out by 300 CE.
Jim Creek Naval Radio Station
Jim Creek Naval Radio Station is a United States Navy very low frequency (VLF) radio transmitter facility at Jim Creek near Oso, Washington. The primary mission of this site is to communicate orders one-way to submarines of the Pacific fleet.  Radio waves in the very low frequency band can penetrate seawater and be received by submerged submarines which cannot be reached by radio communications at other frequencies.  Established in 1953, the transmitter radiates on 24.8 kHz with a power of 1.2 megawatts and a callsign of NLK, and is one of the most powerful radio transmitters in the world. The 5,000-acre (2,000 ha) site is largely forested in the foothills of the Cascades north of Seattle; the nearest city is Arlington, Washington.

Very low frequency
Very low frequency or VLF is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 3–30 kHz, corresponding to wavelengths from 100 to 10 km, respectively. The band is also known as the myriameter band or myriameter wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten myriameters (an obsolete metric unit equal to 10 kilometers). Due to its limited bandwidth, audio (voice) transmission is highly impractical in this band, and therefore only low-data-rate coded signals are used. The VLF band is used for a few radio navigation services, government time radio stations (broadcasting time signals to set radio clocks) and secure military communication. Since VLF waves can penetrate at least 40 meters (130 ft) into saltwater, they are used for military communication with submarines.
Lake Tutchewop
Lake Tutchewop is a lake near Kerang in the Mallee region of Victoria in eastern Australia.

In the indigenous Wembawemba language, the lake's name is derived from kutyewap.

Lake Tutchewop is a Ramsar listed wetland of International significance. The wetland is currently operated as a terminal disposal basin system for the Barr Creek Drainage Diversion Scheme. The future management options for Lake Tutchewop are under investigation, particularly the technical assessments and modelling of surface water/groundwater interactions. Salt is believed to be stored in the shallow sediments under the lakes. However, it is not clear if groundwater processes in the vicinity of the lake will result in the future mobilisation of the salt storage.

Kerang
Kerang is a town on the Loddon River in north-central Victoria, Australia. It is the commercial centre to an irrigation district based on livestock, horticulture, lucerne and grain.  It is located 279 kilometres (173 mi) north-west of Melbourne on the Murray Valley Highway a few kilometres north of its intersection with the Loddon Valley Highway, elevation 78 metres (256 ft). At the 2021 census, Kerang had a population of 3,960. Kerang is believed to be an Aboriginal word for Cockatoo. It is home to Australia's largest solar and battery farm, which was opened in June 2019. The 50-megawatt battery system is located outside of Kerang and stores 100 per cent renewable energy. The 2,000 solar panels have become a tourist attraction and are drawing many businesses to the town.
St Michael and All Angels Church, Headingley
Headingley Parish Church or the Parish Church of St Michael and All Angels in Headingley, a suburb of Leeds, in West Yorkshire, England is a Victorian Church of England parish church. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Headingley
Headingley is a suburb of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, approximately two miles out of the city centre, to the north west along the A660 road. Headingley is the location of the Beckett Park campus of Leeds Beckett University and Headingley Stadium.

The area sits in the Headingley and Hyde Park ward of Leeds City Council and Leeds Central and Headingley parliamentary constituency.
North East Assembly
North East Assembly (NEA) was an unelected regional chamber for the North East region of England, established in 1999 by the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998.

A proposal to establish a directly elected regional assembly was rejected in a referendum held in November 2004.

The regional chamber was abolished in March 2009 with its functions being transferred to One NorthEast, the Regional Development Agency, and the Association of North East Councils, the Local Authority Leaders’ Board.

Regional assembly (England)
The regional chambers of England were a group of indirectly elected regional bodies that were created by the provisions of the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998. There were eight regional chambers, one for each of the regions of England except Greater London, which had opted for an elected mayor and assembly in 1998. All eight regional chambers had adopted the title "regional assembly" or "assembly" as part of their name, though this was not an official status in law. The chambers were abolished over a two-year period between 31 March 2008 and 31 March 2010 and some of their functions were assumed by newly established local authority leaders' boards.

Greater London has a directly elected London Assembly, which was established by separate legislation and is part of the Greater London Authority.
Fengjian Village
22°48′46″N 113°09′18″E﻿ / ﻿22.8128°N 113.1549°E﻿ / 22.8128; 113.1549

Fengjian Village (Chinese: 逢简村) is a village in Xingtan Town, Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China with a total area of 5.22 square kilometres (2.02 sq mi).

The village has a long history and features historic sites throughout. It has three stone arch bridges: the Juji (Chinese: 巨济桥) and Mingyuan Bridges (Chinese: 明远桥) built in the Song Dynasty (960–1279), and the Jin'ao Bridge (Chinese: 金鳌桥), given building permission by the Kangxi Emperor during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). Ancient temples, shrines and houses abound amongst a network of rivers and streams. Due to comparisons of the local scenery with the noted sights of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu province, the village is also known as the "Zhouzhuang of Shunde" (顺德周庄).

Xingtan, Guangdong
22°47′N 113°09′E﻿ / ﻿22.783°N 113.150°E﻿ / 22.783; 113.150

Xingtan (simplified Chinese: 杏坛镇; traditional Chinese: 杏壇鎮) is a town, part of Shunde district, in Foshan prefecture-level city, Guangdong Province, southern China.

It has an area of 122.07 square kilometres (47.13 sq mi). Settlements in the Xingtan area date back to the Ming Dynasty, and it was officially established as a town in 1987.
Bufoceratias shaoi
Bufoceratias shaoi is a species of double angler, a type of anglerfish. The fish is bathypelagic and has been found at depths ranging from 0 to 1,200 metres (0 to 3,937 ft). It has been found in the western Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean. It was first described in 2004 by Theodore Pietsch, Ho Hsuan-Ching & Chen Hong-Ming.

Double angler
Double anglers or doublespine seadevils comprise the family Diceratiidae, being a small and little known family of rarely encountered marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. The two genera and seven species of this family are found in the deeper waters of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. They are distinguished from other deep sea anglerfishes by the possession of a second bioluminescent cephalic spine. The fishes in this family were known only from metamorphosed females and the males were not described until 1983.
Bath Iron Works
Bath Iron Works (BIW) is a major United States shipyard located on the Kennebec River in Bath, Maine, founded in 1884 as Bath Iron Works, Limited. Since 1995, Bath Iron Works has been a subsidiary of General Dynamics, one of the world's largest defense companies. BIW has built private, commercial, and military vessels, most of which have been ordered by the United States Navy.

USS John Basilone
USS John Basilone (DDG-122) is an Arleigh Burke-class (Flight IIA Technology Insertion) Aegis guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy. She is named for United States Marine Corps Gunnery Sergeant John Basilone, who received the Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award for valor, for actions during the Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific War. Basilone was the only enlisted Marine to receive both the Medal of Honor and the Navy Cross during World War II.

This is the second US Navy vessel to be named after Basilone, the first being USS Basilone (DD-824), a Gearing-class destroyer commissioned in 1949 and decommissioned in 1977. The Navy christened PCU John Basilone in a ceremony held on 18 June 2022.

On March 18, 2024, the ship traveled the Kennebec River to the Atlantic Ocean for four days of sea trials. She was delivered to the US Navy in July 2024 by General Dynamics Bath Iron Works and was commissioned in New York City on November 9 2024.
Moetoetoetabriki
Moetoetoetabriki is a village in Boven Saramacca resort in Sipaliwini District in Suriname. The village is inhabited by Matawai people.

Nearby towns and villages include Heidoti (2.0 nm), Kwattahede (1.4 nm), Pakka-Pakka (13.9 nm),
Makajapingo (7.0 nm) and Tabrikiekondre (4.1 nm).

Boven Saramacca
Boven Saramacca is a resort in Suriname, located in the Sipaliwini District.  Its population at the 2012 census was 1,427. The dominant geographical feature of this resort is the Saramacca River. The resort is mainly inhabited by Maroons of the Matawai tribe.

The main village is Nieuw Jacobkondre which can be reached via an unpaved which connects to the Southern East-West Link and from there to the rest of the country.  The Njoeng Jacob Kondre Airstrip also serves Nieuw Jacobkondre. Poesoegroenoe is home to the granman of the Matawai.
Palisades, New York
Palisades is an unincorporated hamlet in the town of Orangetown in Rockland County, New York, United States.

The area referred to as Snedens Landing is located in the eastern portion of Palisades and goes down to the Hudson River.

The hamlet has a registered historic district known as the Closter Road–Oak Tree Road Historic District.

Orangetown, New York
Orangetown (English pronunciation: /ˈɒrənd͡ʒˌtaʊn/ ⓘ) is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States, located in the southeastern part of the county. It is northwest of New York City, north of New Jersey, east of the town of Ramapo, south of the town of Clarkstown, and west of the Hudson River. The population was 48,655 at the 2020 census.
Shantinagar (neighbourhood)
Shantinagar (Bengali: শান্তিনগর) is an upscale neighbourhood in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. It is under Paltan Thana. Shantinagar is administered by Dhaka South City Corporation. It is one of the busiest areas in Dhaka. Its neighbouring areas are Bailey Road, Siddeshwari, Segunbagicha, Paltan, Rajarbagh, and Kakrail. Numerous shops, pharmacies, restaurants, and salons can be found in Shantinagar. Eastern Plus Shopping Complex, a well-known place for shopping around the locality, is also located in Shantinagar. The Rajarbagh Police Lines are located near Shantinagar.

Kakrail
Kakrail (Bengali: কাকরাইল) is a neighbourhood in Dhaka. It is under Ramna Thana and falls under the jurisdiction of Dhaka South City Corporation. Over time, Kakrail has grown into a mostly residential area, with apartment plots and schools, but subsequently, several NGOs and government offices have been set up there.
Heimaey
Heimaey (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈheiːmaˌeiː] ⓘ), is an Icelandic island. At 13.4 square kilometres (5.2 sq mi), it is the largest island in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago, and the largest and most populated island off the Icelandic coast. Heimaey is 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) off the south coast of Iceland. It is the only populated island of the Vestmannaeyjar islands, with a population of 4,414. The Vestmannaeyjar Airport and the Westman Islands Golf Club taken together cover a good portion of the island.

In January 1973, lava flow from nearby Eldfell destroyed half the town and threatened to close its harbour, its main income source. An operation to cool the advancing lava with sea water saved the harbour.

Westman Islands Golf Club
The Westman Island Golf Club is a golf club located on the Westman Islands (Vestmannaeyjar in Icelandic), on the island of Heimaey off the southern coast of Iceland. The club was established in 1938 as a nine-hole course and is the third oldest golf club in Iceland. The course was expanded to 18 holes in the early 1990s by Hannes Thorsteinsson.  It is the southernmost golf course in Iceland and is located in between an extinct volcano and the Atlantic Ocean.

Golf Monthly ranks it as one of the top 200 golf courses in Europe.

The current course is par 70 and 5,820 yards in length.
Blancmange
Blancmange (/bləˈmɒnʒ/, from French: blanc-manger [blɑ̃mɑ̃ʒe], lit. 'white eat') is a sweet dessert popular throughout Europe commonly made with milk or cream, and sugar, thickened with rice flour, gelatin or corn starch, and often flavoured with almonds.

It is usually set in a mould and served cold. Although traditionally white, blancmanges are frequently given other colours.

Blancmange originated at some time during the Middle Ages from the older Middle Eastern muhallebi, and usually consisted of capon or chicken, milk or almond milk, rice, and sugar; it was considered to be an ideal food for the sick.

Similar desserts include Bavarian cream, Italian panna cotta, Turkish tavuk göğsü, Brazilian manjar branco, Chinese almond tofu, Hawai'ian haupia  and Puerto Rican tembleque.

Tembleque
Tembleque is a coconut dessert pudding from Puerto Rico similar to blancmange and related to Spanish manjar blanco and Filipino maja blanca. It is one of the best-known desserts in Puerto Rican cuisine.
Idle Valley Nature Reserve
The Idle Valley Nature Reserve, also known as Lound Gravel Pits or Sutton and Lound Gravel Pits, is a wetland Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) situated north-west of the town of Retford in the Bassetlaw district of north Nottinghamshire. The nature reserve is situated along the western bank of the River Idle and east of the villages of Sutton cum Lound and Lound. The nature reserve is managed by the Nottinghamshire Wildlife Trust.

Retford
Retford (/ˈrɛtfʊd/), also known as East Retford, is a market town in the Bassetlaw District in Nottinghamshire, England. It lies on the River Idle and the Chesterfield Canal. Retford is located 26 miles (42 km) east of Sheffield, 23 miles (37 km) west of Lincoln and 31 miles (50 km) north-east of Nottingham. The population at the 2021 census was 23,740. The town is bypassed by the A1 road.
Leon Rooke
Leon Rooke, CM (born September 11, 1934) is a Canadian novelist. He was born in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina in the United States. Educated at the University of North Carolina, he moved to Canada in 1969. He now lives in Toronto, Ontario.

Rooke helped to found the Eden Mills Writers' Festival in 1989. In 2002, Rooke championed The Stone Angel by Margaret Laurence in that year's edition of Canada Reads. Rooke's work also appears in Blackbird: an online journal of literature and the arts.

In 2007, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

Margaret Laurence
Jean Margaret Laurence CC (née Wemyss; July 18, 1926 – January 5, 1987) was a Canadian novelist and short story writer, and is one of the major figures in Canadian literature. She was also a founder of the Writers' Trust of Canada, a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada's writing community.