hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Italian Trail
The Grand Italian Trail (Italian: Sentiero Italia) is a 6166-kilometer-long hiking trail that crosses the entire territory of Italy, passing through six UNESCO Heritage Sites, 15 national parks, and many other parks and nature reserves.

Alta Via dei Monti Liguri
The Alta Via dei Monti Liguri (AV, literally "High Route of the Ligurian Mountains") is a long-distance  waymarked hiking trail in the Italian region of Liguria. In about 440 kilometres (270 mi) and 44 day hikes, it runs through the arc formed by Ligurian Alps and Ligurian Apennines from Ventimiglia (IM, in the westernmost part of the region) to Ceparana (Bolano, SP, on its east side).
Afghan Canadians
Afghan Canadians are Canadians with ancestry from Afghanistan. They form the second largest Afghan community in North America after Afghan Americans. Their ethnic origin may come from any of the ethnic groups of Afghanistan, which include Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, Hazara, Turkmen, etc. In the Canada 2016 Census about 83,995 Canadians were from Afghanistan.

Afghan Americans
Afghan Americans are Americans with ancestry from Afghanistan. They form the largest Afghan community in North America. Afghan Americans may originate from any of the ethnic groups in Afghanistan.

The Afghan community in the United States was minimal until large numbers were admitted as refugees following the December 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Others have arrived similarly during and after the latest war in Afghanistan. Afghan Americans reside and work all across the United States. The states of California, Virginia and New York historically had the largest number of Afghan Americans. Thousands may also be found in the states of Arizona, Texas, Georgia, Colorado,  Washington, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Missouri, North Carolina, Maryland and Illinois.
Chahe, Weining County
Chahe (Chinese: 岔河; pinyin: Chàhé) is a town in Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County, Bijie, Guizhou. As of 2020, it administers the following five residential communities and twelve villages:

Chahe Community

Jinzhong Community (金钟社区)

Yingjiang Community (迎江社区)

Libi Community (利毕社区)

Yinchang Community (银厂社区)

Xin Village (新村)

Dahong Village (大洪村)

Shaying Village (沙营村)

Xinfa Village (新发村)

Xinguang Village (新光村)

Qiaxi Village (恰西村)

Longtoushan Village (龙头山村)

Xinlu Village (新炉村)

Haiping Village (海坪村)

Sanyi Village (三益村)

Yunsha Village (云沙村)

Hanba Village (汗坝村)

Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County
Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 威宁彝族回族苗族自治县; traditional Chinese: 威寧彝族回族苗族自治縣; pinyin: Wēiníng Yízú Huízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn; Nasu: , Wusa Nasu pronunciation: [ʂo˩˧ hɪ˨˩ mi˩˧]; Xiao'erjing: وِنٍْ یِذُو خُوِذُو مِیَوْذُو ذِجِشِیًا‎; Miao: 𖽂𖽹𖾑 𖼐𖽡𖽾 𖽃𖽔𖾑 𖼄𖽘𖾐 𖽃𖽔𖾑 𖼈𖽻 𖼚𖽪𖾐 𖽃𖽔𖾑 𖼄𖽑𖽻𖾐 𖼷𖽵𖾏 𖼮𖽵𖾏 𖼳𖽗𖾏, Latin: Weid Nings Ad Mangb Ad Vaos Dlub Ad Hmaob Zix Zhix Xanx) is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Bijie.

Notable attractions include Majie Ethnic Yi Village (马街彝族村寨), the historic site of Shimenkan church (石门坎教堂) and Caohai Lake nature reserve. In the early 20th century, the village of Shimenkan was known as the Overseas Heaven and a sacred civilized area due to the contributions by Rev. Sam Pollard, a British Methodist missionary.
Star Hawks
Star Hawks was a comic strip created by Ron Goulart and Gil Kane, first published on October 3, 1977, that ran through May 2, 1981. It was written through April 1979 by Goulart, followed by Archie Goodwin (1979-1980), Roger McKenzie (1980-1981) and Roger Stern (writing assist, 1979). Comics veteran Gil Kane provided the artwork, with uncredited help (during a period of illness on Kane's part) from Ernie Colón and Howard Chaykin.

Kane received the National Cartoonist Society Story Comic Strip Award for 1977 for his work on the strip.

Goulart also wrote two Star Hawks prose novels: Empire 99 and The Cyborg King.

Gil Kane
Gil Kane (/ɡɪl keɪn/; born Eli Katz /kæts/, Latvian: Elija Kacs; April 6, 1926 – January 31, 2000) was a Latvian-born American comics artist whose career spanned the 1940s to the 1990s and virtually every major comics company and character.

Kane co-created the modern-day versions of the superheroes Green Lantern and the Atom for DC Comics, and co-created Iron Fist  and Adam Warlock with Roy Thomas for Marvel Comics. He was involved in the anti-drug storyline in The Amazing Spider-Man #96–98, which, at the behest of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, bucked the then-prevalent Comics Code Authority to depict drug abuse, and ultimately spurred an update of the Code. Kane additionally pioneered an early graphic novel prototype, His Name Is... Savage, in 1968, and a seminal graphic novel, Blackmark, in 1971.

In 1997, he was inducted into both the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame and the Harvey Award Jack Kirby Hall of Fame.
Borovichi Museum
Borovichi Museum, or formally, The Museum of the history of the city of Borovichi and Borovichi krai (Russian: Музей истории города Боровичи и Боровичского края) is a local history museum in the city of Borovichi, in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest museums in the region.

The museum, initially dedicated to the lives and times of Vasily Zhukovsky and Nikolai Gogol, was founded in May 1918 by the board of the Borovichi District Department of Public Education. The museum was closed between 1926 and 1927, but reopened in 1928 due to the efforts of Sergei Nikolayevich Porshnyakov (1889-1992), who became the first director of the museum.

Borovichi
Borovichi (Russian: Боровичи́) is the second largest town in Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Msta River in the northern spurs of the Valdai Hills, 194 kilometers (121 mi) east of Veliky Novgorod, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 53,690.
Gavin Stevens
Gavin Byron Stevens (born 29 February 1932) is a former Australian cricketer who played in four Tests in the 1959–60 season.

An opening batsman, Stevens made his debut for South Australia in 1952–53. He scored consistently in the Sheffield Shield in 1956–57, 1957–58, and in 1958–59, when he made 951 runs in the season at 59.43 with three centuries. In December 1958, against New South Wales in Sydney, he made 57 and 259 not out.

Stevens was selected for Australia's tour to Pakistan and India in 1959–60 and played two Tests in each country with a top score of 28 against Pakistan in Karachi, before contracting a severe case of hepatitis. Although he recovered, he never played first-class cricket again.

His older brother Bob was an amateur golfer who won the Australian Amateur in 1952.

Bob Stevens (golfer)
Robert Francis Stevens (2 October 1928 – 3 October 2008) was an Australian amateur golfer. He won the 1952 Australian Amateur. He was a member of the Australian team that won the first Commonwealth Tournament in 1954 and was also in the team that won the inaugural Eisenhower Trophy in 1958.
Craig Nicholls
Craig Robert Nicholls (born 31 August 1977) is an Australian musician, best known as the lead singer, songwriter, and guitarist of the Australian alternative rock band The Vines, of which he is the sole continuous member.

Highly Evolved
Highly Evolved is the debut studio album by Australian alternative rock band the Vines, released in July 2002 on Capitol Records and produced by Rob Schnapf. The album was a significant success, riding the wave of the garage rock revival trend and earning critical acclaim, including being named the 2nd best album of 2002 by NME and being included in "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die" and "100 Best Australian Albums."
Ayer, Switzerland
Ayer is a village in the district of Sierre in the Swiss canton of Valais. An independent municipality before, it merged on 1 January 2009 with neighboring Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie to form the municipality of Anniviers.

Anniviers
Anniviers is a municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It was formed through the merger of six municipalities in Val d'Anniviers: Ayer, Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint-Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie. The merger became effective 1 January 2009, creating the third largest municipality of Switzerland by area.
Norumbega fault
The Norumbega fault or the Norumbega fault system is a 20 to 25km wide fault and shear zone of late Paleozoic era. It developed just inland from the Maine coast, with the geologic fault running roughly parallel to the coastline, including a portion of the northern shore of Casco Bay. The Flying Point Fault in Casco Bay is considered part of the Norumbega Fault system, dividing bedrock formations that have distinct geological characteristics.

Casco Bay
Casco Bay is an open bay of the Gulf of Maine on the coast of Maine in the United States. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's chart for Casco Bay marks the dividing line between the bay and the Gulf of Maine as running from Bald Head on Cape Small in Phippsburg west-southwest to Dyer Point in Cape Elizabeth. The city of Portland and the Port of Portland are on Casco Bay's western edge.
Marrickville railway station
Marrickville railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Bankstown railway line, serving the Sydney suburb of Marrickville. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Marrickville
Marrickville is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in New South Wales, Australia. Marrickville is located 7 kilometres (4 miles) south-west of the Sydney central business district and is the largest suburb in the Inner West Council local government area.

Marrickville sits on the northern bank of the Cooks River, opposite Earlwood and shares borders with Stanmore, Enmore, Newtown, St Peters, Sydenham, Tempe, Dulwich Hill, Hurlstone Park and Petersham. The southern part of the suburb, near the river, is known as Marrickville South and includes the historical locality called The Warren.

Marrickville is culturally diverse, and contains both low and high density residential, commercial and light industrial areas.
BSFA Award for Best Media
The BSFA Awards are given every year by the British Science Fiction Association. The BSFA Award for Best Media was given for the best media science fiction or fantasy published in the previous calendar year. It was discontinued in 1992.

BSFA Award
The BSFA Awards are literary awards presented annually since 1970 by the British Science Fiction Association (BSFA) to honour works in the genre of science fiction. Nominees and winners are chosen based on a vote of BSFA members. More recently, members of the Eastercon convention have also been eligible to vote.
Office of Marine and Aviation Operations
The Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) is a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) which operates a wide variety of specialized ships and aircraft to carry out the environmental and scientific missions of NOAA.

USNS Indomitable
USNS Indomitable (T-AGOS-7) was a United States Navy Stalwart-class ocean surveillance ship in service from 1985 to 2002. From 2003 until 18 June 2014, she was in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the oceanographic research ship NOAAS McArthur II (R 330). As of 2018 it serves as a mother ship now named the Deep Submersible Support Vessel (DSSV) Pressure Drop for the crewed deep-ocean research submersible DSV Limiting Factor.
Kyancutta, South Australia
Kyancutta is a small wheatbelt town at the junction of the Eyre and Tod Highways on the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. Once a busy town with an airport, Kyancutta is now nearly a ghost town, acting only as a centre for the agricultural districts surrounding it, as well as passing tourists.

Robert Bedford
Robert Bedford (born Robert Arthur Buddicom; 7 November 1874 – 14 February 1951) was an English-Australian scientist, museum curator, and entrepreneur. He is best known for his collection housed in Kyancutta Museum, founded by him in 1929, and for his work on archeocyathinae (marine sponge fossils of the Cambrian era) and meteors.
Roxas, Isabela
Roxas, officially the Municipality of Roxas (Ilocano: Ili ti Roxas; Tagalog: Bayan ng Roxas), is a municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 66,593 people.

The municipality is the center of business and commerce in the Mallig Plains Region. In 1839, two new provinces were created by the Spanish conquistadors dividing the La Provincia del Valle de Cagayan into two. One retained the name Cagayan, while a new province of Nueva Vizcaya was created. Bindang was dissolved as Barrio Vira under the Municipality of Gamu, Isabela.

San Manuel, Isabela
San Manuel (formerly Callang), officially the Municipality of San Manuel (Ilocano: Ili ti San Manuel; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Manuel), is a municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 34,740 people.
Tehichipa, California
Tehichipa is a former settlement in Kern County, California. It was located on the railroad near Oak Creek Pass and Old Town.

Tehichipa, originally known as Williamsburg, was founded in 1869 by James Williams; while Williams originally named the town for himself, its name was changed to Tehichipa by 1872. The town was a shipping center for Owens Valley gold mines prior to the construction of a railroad in the area. However, when the Southern Pacific Railroad built a railroad in 1876, it bypassed Tehichipa, instead establishing a new town named "Tehachapi Summit". The railroad caused Tehachapi Summit to grow at Tehichipa's expense. Tehachapi Summit evolved into the city of Tehachapi, while Tehichipa ultimately died out. The only surviving building from Tehichipa, the Errea House, is now located in Tehachapi.

A post office operated at Tehichipa from 1869 to 1877, when the service was transferred to Old Town.

Tehachapi, California
Tehachapi (/təˈhætʃəpi/ ⓘ; Kawaiisu: Tihachipia, meaning "hard climb") is a city in Kern County, California, United States, in the Tehachapi Mountains, at an elevation of 3,970 feet (1,210 m), between the San Joaquin Valley and the Mojave Desert. Tehachapi is 35 miles (56 km) east-southeast of Bakersfield, and 20 miles (32 km) west of Mojave. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10 square miles (26 km2). As of the 2020 census, Tehachapi had a population of 12,939. The Tehachapi area is known for the nearby Tehachapi Loop (a popular railfan site), the Pacific Crest Trail and for the favorable weather conditions for the aerial sport of gliding.
Coaxial escapement
The coaxial escapement is a type of modern watch escapement mechanism invented by English watchmaker George Daniels in 1976 and patented in 1980. His friend and peer Derek Pratt contributed to this invention intellectually and physically. It is one of the few watch escapements to be invented in modern times and is used in most of the mechanical watch models currently produced by Omega SA.

Lever escapement
The lever escapement, invented by the English clockmaker Thomas Mudge in 1754 (albeit first used in 1769), is a type of escapement that is used in almost all mechanical watches, as well as small mechanical non-pendulum clocks, alarm clocks, and kitchen timers.

An escapement is a mechanical linkage that delivers impulses to the timepiece's balance wheel, keeping it oscillating back and forth, and with each swing of the balance wheel allows the timepiece's gear train to advance a fixed amount, thus moving the hands forward at a steady rate. The escapement is what makes the "ticking" sound in mechanical watches and clocks.
John Eliot Gardiner
Sir John Eliot Gardiner (born 20 April 1943) is an English conductor, particularly known for his performances of the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, especially the Bach Cantata Pilgrimage of 2000, performing Bach's church cantatas in liturgical order in churches all over Europe, and New York City, with the Monteverdi Choir, and recording them at the locations.

Sylvia McNair
Sylvia McNair (born June 23, 1956) is an American opera singer and classical recitalist who has also achieved notable success in the Broadway and cabaret genres.  McNair, a soprano, has made several critically acclaimed recordings and has won two Grammy Awards.
Martigny–Châtelard Railway
The Martigny–Châtelard Railway, abbreviated MC, French Chemins de fer Martigny–Châtelard, is a  19 km (11.8 mi) 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge rack railway in the canton of Valais, Switzerland.
The transport company "Chemin de fer de Martigny–Châtelard" merged in 2001, the resulting Transports de Martigny et Régions now markets this line and the connecting Saint-Gervais–Vallorcine railway as Mont-Blanc Express.

Transports de Martigny et Régions
The Transports de Martigny et Régions (TMR) company in the Valais canton of Switzerland operates bus and coach services and two electric railway lines:

Martigny–Châtelard Railway (MC), 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge, with the Mont-Blanc Express

Martigny–Orsières Railway, 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge, with the Saint-Bernard Express

The company is the result of merging Martigny–Orsières Railway (MO) and the Martigny–Châtelard Railway (MC)
in 2001 with the official date 2000-01-01 to form the Transports de Martigny et Régions.

RegionAlps is a joint venture between TMR and Swiss Federal Railways.
McFarland, Wisconsin
McFarland is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States, situated on Lake Waubesa. The population was 8,991 at the 2020 census, the village has a population of 9,597. A suburb of Madison, it is part of the Madison metropolitan area, with U.S. Route 51 serving as the primary artery to Madison and Stoughton. The postal code is 53558.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
Mateřinka
Mateřinka (a special Czech term, which means a play for children at the pre-school age) is a biennial festival of professional puppet theatre for children of the pre-school age organized by the Naivní divadlo theatre in Liberec, Czech Republic.

Liberec
Liberec (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪbɛrɛts] ⓘ; German: Reichenberg) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Liberec was once home to a thriving textile industry and hence nicknamed the "Manchester of Bohemia". A symbol of the city and the main landmark of the panorama of Liberec is the Ještěd Tower. Since the end of the 19th century, the city has been a conurbation with the suburb of Vratislavice nad Nisou and the neighbouring city of Jablonec nad Nisou.
ETO Park
ETO Park is a multi-use stadium in Győr, Hungary. It is primarily used for football and is home to Győri ETO. Opened in 2008 as a replacement for Stadion ETO, the stadium has a capacity of 15,600.

The stadium complex also includes three grass practice pitches and one synthetic practice pitch, as well as two indoor pitches.

Győri ETO FC
ETO FC Győr (Egyetértés Torna Osztály Futball Club Győr; lit. Concordance Gymnastics Department Football Club of Győr) or just ETO is a Hungarian professional football club from the city of Győr. They are best known for reaching the semi-finals of the European Cup 1964-65. The club has won the Hungarian League four times. In 1904 the club was founded as Győri Vagongyár ETO and has undergone many name changes since. The colours of the club are green and white.
Kings Heath Park
Kings Heath Park is a Green Flag status park in the Kings Heath district of Birmingham, England, which is managed by Birmingham City Council.

For a time, the park was used as the setting for the popular ATV programme Gardening Today.

Birmingham City Council
Birmingham City Council is the local authority for the city of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. Birmingham has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council, a type of unitary authority. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the most populous local government district in England, serving over 1.1 million people. The council has been a member of the West Midlands Combined Authority since 2016.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2012. It is based at the Council House on Victoria Square, Birmingham.

On 6 September 2023, the council declared effective bankruptcy, and central government commissioners were subsequently appointed to run the council under emergency measures.
Tumansky RD-9
The Tumansky RD-9 (initially designated Mikulin AM-5) was an early Soviet turbojet engine, one of the first not based on pre-existing German or British designs. The AM-5, developed by scaling down the AM-3, was available in 1952 and completed testing in 1953; it produced  25.5 kN (5,700 lbf) thrust without afterburner. The AM-5 engine is notable for making possible the first mass-produced supersonic interceptors such as the MiG-19, and the first Soviet all-weather area interceptor, the Yak-25. When Sergei Tumansky replaced Alexander Mikulin as the OKB-24's chief designer in 1956, the engine was renamed RD-9. The engine was later built under license in China as the WP-6.

Sergey Tumansky
Sergei Konstantinovich Tumansky (Russian: Серге́й Константинович Туманский; 21 May [O.S. 8 May] 1901 – 9 September 1973) was a designer of Soviet aircraft engines and the chief designer in the Tumansky Design Bureau, OKB-300. He worked in TsIAM (1931–38 and in 1940), and at the aircraft-engine plant N 29, in Zaporozhye.

He also worked as a substitute main designer in OKB A.A. Mikulin beginning in 1943.
South Carolina slave codes
South Carolina established its first slave code in 1695. The code was based on the 1684 Jamaica slave code, which was in turn based on the 1661 Barbados Slave Code. The South Carolina slave code was the model for other North American colonies. Georgia adopted the South Carolina code in 1770, and Florida adopted the Georgia code.

Slave codes
The slave codes were laws relating to slavery and enslaved people, specifically regarding the Atlantic slave trade and chattel slavery in the Americas.

Most slave codes were concerned with the rights and duties of free people in regard to enslaved people. Slave codes left a great deal unsaid, with much of the actual practice of slavery being a matter of traditions rather than formal law.

The primary colonial powers all had slightly different slave codes. French colonies, after 1685, had the Code Noir specifically for this purpose. The Spanish had some laws regarding slavery in Las Siete Partidas, a far older law that was not designed for the slave societies of the Americas. English colonies largely had their own local slave codes, mostly based on the codes of either the colonies of Barbados or Virginia.

In addition to these national and state- or colony-level slave codes, there were city ordinances and other local restrictions regarding enslaved people.