hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Begum Samru
Joanna Nobilis Sombre (c. 1753 – 27 January 1836), popularly known as Begum Samru (née Farzana Zeb un-Nissa), a convert Catholic Christian, started her career as a nautch (dancing) girl in 18th-century India, and eventually became the ruler of Sardhana, a small principality (jagir) near Meerut. She was the head of a professionally trained mercenary army, inherited from her European mercenary husband, Walter Reinhardt Sombre. This mercenary army consisted of Europeans and Indians. She is also regarded as the only Catholic ruler in Northern India, as she ruled the principality of Sardhana in 18th- and 19th-century India.

Begum Sumru died immensely rich but without an heir. Her inheritance was assessed at approximately 55.5 million gold marks in 1923 and 18 billion deutsch marks in 1953. Her inheritance continues to be disputed to this day. An organisation named "Reinhards Erbengemeinschaft" still strives to resolve the inheritance issue.

Jharsa
Jharsa is a village in Sector 39, Gurugram city of Gurugram district in Haryana State, India. It has a population of about 32,709; it is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the Gurugram city centre and 254 kilometres (158 mi) from the state's main city, Chandigarh. It is surrounded by Mohyal Colony, Patel Nagar, Kirti Nagar, Sectors 15, 31, 32, 39, 40, 46, and Indra Colony.
Stephen Neale
Stephen Roy Albert Neale (born 9 January 1958) is a British philosopher and specialist in the philosophy of language who has written extensively about meaning, information, interpretation, and communication, and more generally about issues at the intersection of philosophy and linguistics. Neale is a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy and Linguistics and holder of the John H. Kornblith Family Chair in the Philosophy of Science and Values at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY).

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
The Crack
The Crack is the debut album by English punk rock band The Ruts, released in 1979.

The album contains the UK hit singles "Babylon's Burning" (number seven on the UK chart in June 1979) and "Something That I Said" (number 29 in September 1979). The white-reggae "Jah War", which was written in the aftermath of the Southall unrest and the over-use of force by the Metropolitan Police Service's Special Patrol Group in 1979, was also released as a single but did not make the UK chart.

The Ruts
The Ruts (later known as The Ruts D.C.) are an English reggae-influenced punk rock band, notable for the 1979 UK top 10 hit single "Babylon's Burning", and an earlier single "In a Rut", which was not a hit but was highly regarded and regularly played by BBC Radio 1 disc jockey John Peel. The band's newfound success was cut short by the death of lead singer Malcolm Owen from a heroin overdose in 1980. Despite this, the band continued under a different musical style as Ruts D.C. until 1983, when they disbanded.

The band reformed in 2007, shortly before their original guitarist Paul Fox died of cancer the same year. The Ruts D.C. currently consists of the band's original bassist and drummer, John "Segs" Jennings and David Ruffy, with a new guitarist, Leigh Heggarty.
Rainbow Lake, Alberta
Rainbow Lake is a town in northwest Alberta, Canada. It is west of High Level at the end of Highway 58, in Mackenzie County.

The town carries the name of the nearby lake, formed on the Hay River, that was so called due to its curved shape.

The town was established to service the industry of the nearby oil field, discovered in 1965.

Northern Alberta
Northern Alberta is a geographic region located in the Canadian province of Alberta.

An informally defined cultural region, the boundaries of Northern Alberta are not fixed. Under some schemes, the region encompasses everything north of the centre of the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor, including most of the province's landmass as well as its capital, Edmonton. Other schemes place Edmonton and its surrounding farmland in Central Alberta, limiting Northern Alberta to the northern half of the province, where forestry, oil, and gas are the dominant industries.

Its primary industry is oil and gas, with large heavy oil reserves being exploited at the Athabasca oil sands and Wabasca area in the east of the region. Natural gas is extracted in Peace region and Chinchaga-Rainbow areas in the west, and forestry and logging are also developed in the boreal forests of this region. As of 2023, the region had a population of approximately 374,572.
Batin Shah
Batin Shah (born 10 May 1991) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Speen Ghar Tigers in the 2017 Shpageeza Cricket League on 11 September 2017. He made his first-class debut for Boost Region in the 2017–18 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 26 October 2017. He made his List A debut for Kabul Region in the 2018 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament on 10 July 2018.

2018 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament
The 2018 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament was a List A cricket competition that took place in Afghanistan between 10 and 27 July 2018. It was the second edition of the competition to be played with List A status, following the announcements by the International Cricket Council (ICC) in February and May 2017. Six teams competed; Amo Region, Band-e-Amir Region, Boost Region, Kabul Region, Mis Ainak Region and Speen Ghar Region. Speen Ghar Region were the defending champions.

Following the group stage, Speen Ghar Region and Boost Region finished first and second respectively, and faced each other in the final. Boost Region won the match by five wickets to win the tournament.
U.S. Route 20 in Wyoming
U.S. Highway 20 (US 20) is an east–west highway in the state of Wyoming. The eastern segment of US 20 in the state starts at the eastern entrance to Yellowstone National Park along with the western terminuses of US 14 and US 16. US 14/US 16/US 20 runs east to Greybull, where US 14 continues east and US 16/US 20 turns south; at Worland, US 16 turns east while US 20 continues south, passing through Wind River Canyon south of Thermopolis. US 20 joins US 26 in Shoshoni, where it turns east and continues all the way through Casper. From Casper, US 20/US 26 parallels Interstate 25 (I-25) and US 87 for 26 miles (42 km), until all four link up together just southeast of Glenrock. I-25/US 20/US 26/US 87 stays combined to Orin, where US 20 turns east from I-25, at the western end of US 18. US 18/US 20 run concurrently from Orin to Lusk, where US 18 turns north and US 20 continues east into Nebraska.

Lusk, Wyoming
Lusk is a town in and the county seat of Niobrara County, Wyoming. It is located in the High Plains. The town was founded in July 1886, by Frank S. Lusk, a renowned Wyoming rancher, partner in the Western Live Stock Company, and stockholder in the Wyoming Central Railway. Cattle ranching remains the primary industry in the town of Lusk.

The population was 1,541 at the 2020 census. The town of Lusk is known for being the county seat of the least populated county in the least populated state in the US.
Paul Ready
Paul John Ready (born 1977) is a British actor. He is known for appearing in British television series including Utopia, Ripper Street, Motherland and MotherFatherSon. In 2018, he played the role of Rob MacDonald in the BBC television series Bodyguard and Harry Goodsir in AMC's The Terror. He received a commendation at the 2003 Ian Charleson Awards.

Harry Goodsir
Henry Duncan Spens Goodsir (3 November 1819 – c. 1848) was a Scottish physician and naturalist who contributed to the pioneering work on cell theory done by his brother John Goodsir. He served as surgeon and naturalist on the ill-fated 1845 Franklin expedition. His body was never found, but forensic studies in 2009 on skeletal remains earlier recovered from King William Island in Canada suggest that they may be those of Harry Goodsir.
Army Headquarters (Sri Lanka)
The Army Headquarters (Army HQ) is the headquarters of the Sri Lanka Army and is located in the Defence Headquarters Complex in Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte. It was established on 1 October 1949 in the Echelon Barracks which was the headquarters of the British Army in Ceylon. It later moved to the Rifle Barracks and then to the Old Army Headquarters Complex, before moving to the new Defence Headquarters Complex.

Rifle Barracks
Rifle Barracks was a former military barracks situated in Slave Island, Colombo. It was built during the late nineteenth century as the regimental headquarters and barracks of the Ceylon Rifle Regiment. Following the disbandment of the Ceylon Rifle Regiment, it was occupied by British Army garrison troops in Ceylon and following independence it was occupied by the newly formed Ceylon Army.

It was made up of a two storey barrack block, with wide verandas. It was used as the Army Headquarters, until in the 1980s and 1990s it was abandoned due to its exposed nature and fell into a state of ruin.

In 2006 it underwent heavy restoration and became home to the Defence Services School, a national school was established in January 2007 for the children of military and police personnel.
Laurence of Siponto
Laurence of Siponto, also known as Laurence Maioranus (Italian: Lorenzo Maiorano) (d. 7 February, c. 545), is an Italian saint, patron of the city of Manfredonia and the Archdiocese of Manfredonia-Vieste-San Giovanni Rotondo. Manfredonia Cathedral is dedicated to him. He is credited with founding the shrine to Saint Michael the Archangel on Mount Gargano.

Manfredonia
Manfredonia (Italian: [maɱfreˈdɔːnja]) is a town and commune of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Foggia, from which it is 35 kilometres (22 miles) northeast by rail. Manfredonia is situated on the coast, facing east, to the south of Monte Gargano, and gives its name to the gulf to the east of it. As of 2017 its population was 56,932.
USAHS Algonquin
Algonquin was an ocean liner built in 1926 for the Clyde-Mallory Line. She was involved in a collision in 1929 and rescued survivors from another in 1935. Repaired after a fire in 1940, she was requisitioned for use as a troopship and later a hospital ship. She served until 1946 when she was laid up, finally being scrapped in 1957.

Agwilines Inc
Agwilines Inc was a passenger and cargo shipping company of New York City. Agwilines is short for Atlantic, Gulf & West Indies Steamship Inc.
AGWI Lines group operated four main lines in the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s:

Ward Line

Clyde line

Mallory Line

Porto Rico Line

Later the Clyde-Mallory Lines

Agwilines Inc had offices in: New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago, and Washington and was founded in 1908. In 1949, Graham-Newman Corporation (1926–1956), an investment corporation, purchased 70,000 shares of Agwilines Inc to become the controlling interest. Graham-Newman Corporation was founded by Benjamin Graham and Jerome Newm in 1926.
Wikigrannies
Wikigrannies (Bashkir: вики-өләсәйҙәр, Russian: вики-бабушки) is a group of Wikipedia authors and Wikimedians of elderly age, partly organized as a Wikimedia user group.  As a user group, they originate from Bashkortostan, and tend to include participants and colleagues from other regions and countries.

Guzal Sitdykowa
Guzal Ramazanovna Sitdykowa (Bashkir: Гүзәл Рамаҙан ҡыҙы Ситдиҡова, romanized: Güzäl Ramaźan qıźı Sitdiqova, Russian: Гузаль Рамазановна Ситдыкова) is a Bashkir writer, poet, publicist and translator. She is a member of the Union of Writers of Russia and the Union of Writers of Bashkortostan. She was the leader of the Society of Bashkir Women of the Republic Bashkortostan from 2004 until 2011. Since 2012, she participates in the international volunteer movement Wikimedia.
Pro Quarterback
Pro Quarterback is a 1992 American football video game developed by Leland Interactive Media and published by Tradewest for the Super NES and the Sega Genesis. A port for the Atari Lynx was announced but never released.

Leland Corporation
The Leland Corporation was an American video game company formed on June 5, 1987, from the assets of Cinematronics. It was a subsidiary of arcade and home game producer Tradewest, which acquired those assets out of the former company’s bankruptcy. After 1992, the company moved to development of home games to be published by Tradewest and other companies like Williams under the name Leland Interactive Media. In 1994, when WMS Industries acquired Tradewest, Leland was absorbed into their internal development.
Cardinal Mooney High School (New York)
Cardinal Mooney High School was a coeducational Roman Catholic high school in Greece, New York, a suburb of Rochester, New York. Named for Edward Mooney, a bishop of the Diocese of Rochester who later became a cardinal, it was opened in 1962, staffed by the Brothers of Holy Cross and the Sisters of Mercy.

In 1989, with enrollment declining and other financial difficulties, the Brothers and the diocese decided to close the school at the end of the 1988–89 school year. The school building and property were sold to the Greece Central School District, and was reopened in 1990 as Apollo Middle School. Apollo Middle School closed in 2014. The school was reopened under the name Odyssey Academy.

Greece, New York
Greece is a town in Monroe County, New York, United States. A contiguous suburb of Rochester, it is the largest town by population in Monroe County and the second-largest municipality by population in the county, behind only the city of Rochester. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 96,926.
Minzu University of China
The Minzu University of China (MUC) is a national public university in Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

Minzu University ranked first in China among universities for ethnic minority studies. It aims to be one of the best universities of its kind in the world for inheriting and promoting the excellent culture of all ethnic groups. With the strong support of Chinese government, it has developed rapidly over the years. MUC is one of the most prestigious universities in China in ethnology, anthropology, ethnic economies, regional economics, religion studies, history, dance, and fine arts.

National Key Universities
National Key Universities (Chinese: 国家重点大学; pinyin: guójiā zhòngdiǎn dàxué) is a term previously used to refer to universities recognized as prestigious and which received a high level of support from the central government of the People's Republic of China. The term is no longer in official use by 1990s. The term "zhòngdiǎn" (重点), translated here as "key" in this phrase can also be translated as "major", "priority" or "focal". The term "National Key Universities" then became defunct, and these schools are now normally referred to as "Double First Class Universities“, based on the China state Double First-Class Construction. However, it remains part of the vernacular, as evidenced by some Chinese media articles which still refer to "National Key Universities".
Proud Flesh Soothseer
Proud Flesh Soothseer is a 1968 album by Linn County. The album predominantly features lengthy blues rock and psychedelic rock jams typical of its era. It barely sold and didn't chart. Cave Song was co-written by the band's previous bassist Bob Miskimen, despite him not being featured on the album.

In October 2011, the album was given its first reissue on CD, and remains the only album by Linn County that is currently in print.

Linn County (band)
Linn County was an American blues-based band based in Iowa, and later in San Francisco, California. Linn County released three albums from 1968 to 1970. Over the course of their existence, they had seven band members.
Middle Marsyangdi Hydropower Station
Middle Marsyandgi Hydropower Station (Nepali:मध्य मर्स्याङ्दी जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-river hydro-electric plant located in  Lamjung district of western Nepal. The flow from Marshyangdi River is used to generate 70 MW electricity.  The plant is connected to the national grid of Nepal.

The plant was set to be commissioned in 2004 but it was delayed by four years.  The plant faces siltation problems from time to time.

Marshyangdi River
27°51′29″N 84°33′33″E﻿ / ﻿27.85806°N 84.55917°E﻿ / 27.85806; 84.55917﻿ (Marshyangdi River)

The Marshyangdi (or Marsyangdi) (Nepali: मर्स्याङ्दी, marśyāṅdī) is a mountain river in Nepal. Its length is about 150 kilometres.

The Marshyangdi begins at the confluence of two mountain rivers, the Khangsar Khola and the Jharsang Khola, northwest of the Annapurna massif at an altitude of 3,600 meters near Manang village. The Marshyangdi flows eastward through Manang District and then southward through Lamjung District.

The Marshyangdi joins the Trishuli river near Mugling as one of its tributaries.

The beginning of the Annapurna Circuit trekking route follows the Marshyangdi river valley.
Claiborne Avenue
Claiborne Avenue is a major thoroughfare in New Orleans, Louisiana. It runs the length of the city, about 9.5 miles (15.3 km), beginning at the Jefferson Parish line and ending at the St. Bernard Parish line; the street continues under different names in both directions. It is called South Claiborne Avenue upriver from Canal Street and North Claiborne Avenue from Canal to St. Bernard Parish.

New Orleans' longest street was named in honor of William C. C. Claiborne, the first United States governor of Louisiana, serving during both the territorial period and as the first governor under statehood. New Orleans was the capital city in those days of the early 19th century.

William C. C. Claiborne
William Charles Cole Claiborne (c. 1773–1775 – November 23, 1817) was an American politician and military officer who served as the first governor of Louisiana from April 30, 1812, to December 16, 1816. He was also possibly the youngest member of the United States Congress in the history of the United States, although reliable sources differ about his age.

Claiborne supervised the transfer of Louisiana from French to U.S. control after the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, governing the "Territory of Orleans" from 1804 to 1812, the year in which Louisiana became a state. He won the first election for Louisiana's state Governor and served through 1816, for a total of thirteen years as Louisiana's executive administrator. New Orleans served as the capital city during both the colonial period and the early statehood period.
Bytków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Bytków [ˈbɨtkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rudna, within Lubin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the smallest village in the administrative district of Gmina Rudna.

Gmina Rudna
Gmina Rudna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lubin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Rudna, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north of Lubin and 69 km (43 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 216.6 square kilometres (83.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 7,793.
Luděk Bukač
Luděk Bukač (4 August 1935 – 20 April 2019) was a Czech ice hockey player and manager. He died on 20 April 2019 at the age of 83.

As a player, Bukač played for ČLTK Praha, HC Sparta Praha and HC Dukla Jihlava, while as a manager, he coached HC Sparta Praha, HC Košice and HC České Budějovice.

As a coach, Bukač managed the Czechoslovak, Austrian, German, and Czech national teams; the latter of which won the 1996 IIHF World Championship. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2023.

Czechia men's national ice hockey team
The Czech Republic men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of the Czech Republic. Since 2021, the team has been officially known in English as Czechia. It is one of the most successful national ice hockey teams in history and a member of the so-called "Big Six", the unofficial group of the six strongest men's ice hockey nations, along with Canada, Finland, Russia, Sweden and the United States. It is governed by the Czech Ice Hockey Association. The Czech Republic has 85,000 male players officially enrolled in organized hockey (0.8% of its population).
84th Mixed Brigade
The 84th Mixed Brigade (Spanish: 84.ª Brigada Mixta), was a mixed brigade of the Spanish Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War. It was formed in March 1937 with battalions of the Iron Column (Spanish: Columna de Hierro) and was disbanded after the tragic events at Mora de Rubielos when 46 soldiers were shot by firing squad in a decimation following the brigade's Battle of Teruel December combats in harsh winter conditions.

In April 1938 a new unit was established with the same number; the new mixed brigade took part in the Battle of the Segre and the Battle of the Ebro before vanishing in the debacle of the Catalonia Offensive.

Iron Column
The Iron Column (Catalan: Columna de Ferro, Spanish: Columna de Hierro) was a Valencian anarchist militia column formed during the Spanish Civil War to fight against the military forces of the Nationalist Faction that had rebelled against the Second Spanish Republic.
10s Across the Board
"10s Across the Board" is the first episode of the tenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race. It originally aired on March 22, 2018. The episode's mini-challenge has contestants walk a runway in front of former contestants and the main challenge tasks current contestants with creating looks with limited resources. Christina Aguilera is a guest judge. Vanessa Vanjie Mateo is eliminated from the competition after placing in the bottom two and losing a lip-sync contest against Kalorie Karbdashian Williams to "Ain't No Other Man" by Aguilera. Vanessa Vanjie Mateo's exit line went viral and generated many memes on social media. The episode received three awards from seven nominations at the 70th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards.

Kalorie Karbdashian-Williams
Kalorie Karbdashian-Williams (sometimes simply Kalorie Karbdashian) is the stage name of Daniel Hernandez, an American drag performer who competed on season 10 of RuPaul's Drag Race. Born and raised in Roswell, New Mexico, Hernandez is based in Albuquerque.
The Spell of Iron MMXI
The Spell of Iron MMXI is the ninth album by Finnish heavy metal band Tarot, released on 11 April 2011. It is a re-recording of the band's 1986 debut album for its 25th anniversary. It is the final album to feature Pecu Cinnari before his death in 2016.

Tarot (band)
Tarot is a Finnish heavy metal band. They are most famous for being one of the earliest metal bands in Finland, and for the song "Wings of Darkness" from the 1986 album Spell of Iron. While having enjoyed a broad underground popularity in Finland, the band did not become notable elsewhere until gaining new success in recent years, when singer and bassist Marko Hietala was in the largely successful Nightwish for nearly two decades. With a more global audience, the band re-recorded Spell of Iron for its 25th anniversary.