hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unangan hunting headgear
Unangan hunting headgear are wooden hats associated with the Unangan or Unangas, the Indigenous peoples of what are currently known as the Aleutian Islands.

Also known as bentwood hats, and hunting hats, the headgear take the form as either closed crown conical hats, with long frontal bills; open crown hats, with long bills; or visors with short bills. Closed crown conical hats were historically worn by chiefs, whalers, and high-ranking sea hunters, while open crown hats and visors were worn by regular and lower-rank sea hunters.

These hats are recognized by their distinctive shape, elaborately painted designs and artistry, as well as their ornamentation with bone carvings and sea lion whiskers. Russian and European explorers collected many Unangan wooden hats in the late 18th and 19th century. These hats are now part of many museum collections around the world.

Since the 1980s, contemporary Alaska Native artists have spawned a resurgence creating this customary headgear.

Aleuts
Aleuts (/ˌæ.liːˈuːt/ ⓘ AL-ee-OOT; Aleut: Unangan (west) or Unangas (east) Russian: Алеуты, romanized: Aleuty) are the Indigenous people of the Aleutian Islands, which are located between the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. Both the Aleuts and the islands are politically divided between the U.S. state of Alaska and the Russian administrative division of Kamchatka Krai. This group is also known as the Unangax̂ in Unangam Tunuu, the Aleut language. There are 13 federally recognized Aleut tribes in the Aleut Region of Alaska. In 2000, Aleuts in Russia were recognized by government decree as a small-numbered Indigenous people.
Jaguar S-Type (1999)
The Jaguar S-Type is an executive car which was made by Jaguar Cars from 1999 until 2007 with a facelift in 2004. It is a four-door saloon car with a three-box design and a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.

The S-Type debuted at the 1998 Birmingham Motor Show and revived a nameplate which Jaguar had previously used from 1963 until 1968. Produced at a time when Jaguar was owned by the Ford Motor Company (forming part of its Premier Automotive Group division), the S-Type shares its DEW98 platform with the Lincoln LS and the eleventh-generation Ford Thunderbird. Following its discontinuation it was replaced by the Jaguar XF, which uses a modified version of the same platform.

Executive car
Executive car is a British term for a large car, and is considered equivalent to the European E-segment and American full-size classifications. Executive cars are larger than compact executive cars (and the non-luxury equivalent mid-size cars), but smaller than luxury saloons / full-size luxury sedans.

The term has also been adopted by Euro NCAP, a European organization founded to test car safety.
Kalyazinsky Uyezd
Kalyazinsky Uyezd (Калязинский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kalyazin. In terms of present-day administrative borders, the territory of Kalyazinsky Uyezd is divided between the Kalyazinsky, Kashinsky and Kimrsky districts of Tver Oblast and Taldomsky District of Moscow Oblast.

Kimrsky District
Kimrsky District  (Russian: Ки́мрский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Kalyazinsky District in the northeast, Taldomsky District of Moscow Oblast and the town of Dubna, also of Moscow Oblast, in the south, Konakovsky District in the southwest, Kalininsky District in the west, and with Rameshkovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,514 square kilometers (971 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kimry (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 13,190 (2010 Census);  15,604 (2002 Census); 18,439 (1989 Soviet census).
Yanhe (software)
Yanhe (Chinese: 言和; pinyin: Yánhé) is a Chinese Vocaloid developed formerly by Bplats, Inc. under the Yamaha Corporation, and was created in collaboration with Shanghai Henian Information Technology Co. Ltd. She was released for the Vocaloid 3 and Vocaloid 5 engines. Her voice is provided by Chinese voice actress Seira Ryū. It was announced on the 9th Chinese International Cartoon and Game Expo (CCG) on July 11, 2013. She is the second Vocaloid Chinese singer character, following Luo Tianyi.

Luo Tianyi
Luo Tianyi (Chinese: 洛天依; pinyin: Luò Tiānyī) is a Chinese Vocaloid developed formerly by Bplats, Inc. under the Yamaha Corporation, and was created in collaboration with Shanghai Henian Information Technology. She was released for the Vocaloid 3, Vocaloid 4 and Vocaloid 5 engines. Her voice is provided by the Chinese voice actress Shan Xin. Considered China's most popular virtual idol, she held a joint concert with pianist Lang Lang at the Shanghai's Mercedes-Benz Arena in March 2019.
Richard Kline
Richard Kline (born April 29, 1944) is an American actor and television director. His roles include Larry Dallas on the sitcom Three's Company, Richie in the later seasons of It's a Living and Jeff Beznick in Noah Knows Best.

Noah Knows Best
Noah Knows Best is an American sitcom that aired on Nickelodeon from October 7 to December 17, 2000. The series was canceled with five unaired episodes out of thirteen produced, due to low ratings.  The five unaired episodes were shown overseas in various countries like the UK and Australia following the shows cancellation in the US. The show starred Phillip Van Dyke as the title character, Noah. The show was recorded at Nickelodeon Studios in Orlando, Florida and was the last sitcom of its kind to be taped there as the concept was thought to be too outdated by its time of premiering. It was one of the last shows to premiere on Nickelodeon's Saturday Night block, SNICK.
Olympic Runners
The Olympic Runners were a 1970s British funk band, put together by record producer Mike Vernon who also played percussion, and fronted by singer George Chandler. They also included multi-instrumentalist Pete Wingfield, and had a number of hit singles in both the US and the UK.

Mike Vernon (producer)
Michael William Hugh Vernon (born 20 November 1944) is an English music executive studio owner and record producer from Harrow, Middlesex. He produced albums for British blues artists and groups in the 1960s, working with the Bluesbreakers, David Bowie, Duster Bennett, Savoy Brown, Chicken Shack, Climax Blues Band, Eric Clapton, Focus, Fleetwood Mac, Peter Green, Danny Kirwan, John Mayall, Christine McVie and Ten Years After, amongst others.
Electoral district of Ermington
Ermington was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales from 1991 to 1999, named after the suburb of Ermington. Its only member was Michael Photios, representing the Liberal Party.

Michael Photios
Michael Stephen Photios (born 26 September 1960) is an Australian former politician who was the Minister for Multicultural and Ethnic Affairs and Minister Assisting the Minister for Justice from 1993 to 1995 in the New South Wales Government.
Truth or Consequences, N.M. (film)
Truth or Consequences, N.M. is a 1997 American neo-noir film directed by Kiefer Sutherland starring Sutherland, Vincent Gallo, Mykelti Williamson, Kevin Pollak, Max Perlich, Rod Steiger, and Kim Dickens, among others.

Kim Dickens
Kim Dickens  is an American actress. She is known for starring as Madison Clark in the AMC horror drama series Fear the Walking Dead (2015–2018; 2022–2023), Joanie Stubbs in HBO's Deadwood (2004–2006; 2019), and Detective Rhonda Boney in Gone Girl (2014).

She has also starred as Kate Baldwin in the Netflix political drama House of Cards (2015–2017), Cassidy Phillips on the ABC television series Lost (2006–2009) and has had film roles in Mercury Rising (1998), Hollow Man (2000), House of Sand and Fog (2003), The Blind Side (2009), and Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children (2016).
Halmstad-Nässjö railway line
The Halmstad-Nässjö railway line (Swedish: Järnvägslinjen Halmstad–Nässjö) is a Swedish railway line between Halmstad and Nässjö. The railway is unelectrified in its entirety and only has a single track.

The track was originally built by the private consortium Halmstad-Jönköpings Järnvägsaktiebolag, but the company went bankrupt only three years after construction finished in 1882. The company was reconstructed as Halmstad-Nässjö Järnvägar (HNJ), which owned and operated the railway until the railway line was nationalised in 1945.

Today passenger services are operated on the railway by the public operator Krösatågen. In the coming years the railway will be electrified between Nässjö and Värnamo. A report commissioned by the local government in Halland County completed in 2021 has proposed a closure of services from Halmstad to Jönköping and Värnamo which use the line today, alongside starting rail services to Hyltebruk, which currently only sees freight traffic.

Halmstad
Halmstad (Swedish: [ˈhǎlmsta(d)] ⓘ) is a port, university, industrial and recreational city at the mouth of the Nissan river, in the province of Halland on the Swedish west coast.  Halmstad is the seat of Halmstad Municipality and the capital of Halland County. The city had a population of 71,422 in 2020, out of a municipal total of over 100,000. Halmstad is Sweden's 19th-largest city by population and located about midway between Gothenburg (the second most populous) and Malmö (the third).
Zone System
The Zone System is a photographic technique for determining optimal film exposure and development, formulated by Ansel Adams and Fred Archer. Adams described the Zone System as "[...] not an invention of mine; it is a codification of the principles of sensitometry, worked out by Fred Archer and myself at the Art Center School in Los Angeles, around 1939–40."

The technique is based on the late 19th-century sensitometry studies of Hurter and Driffield. The Zone System provides photographers with a systematic method of precisely defining the relationship between the way they visualize the photographic subject and the final results. Although it originated with black-and-white sheet film, the Zone System is also applicable to roll film, both black-and-white and color, negative and reversal, and to digital photography.

Sensitometry
Sensitometry is the scientific study of light-sensitive materials, especially photographic film. The study has its origins in the work by Ferdinand Hurter and Vero Charles Driffield (circa 1876) with early black-and-white emulsions. They determined how the density of silver produced varied with the amount of light received, and the method and time of development.
Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).

Brest region
Brest region, also known as Brest oblast or Brest voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Brest. Other major cities in the region include Baranavichy, and Pinsk. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,308,569.
Joan Laporta
Joan Laporta i Estruch (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈan ləˈpɔɾtə əsˈtɾuk]; born 29 June 1962) is a Spanish businessman, politician and president of Barcelona between 2003–2010 and 2021–2026.

Laporta is a lawyer (he graduated from the University of Barcelona) with his own firm, Laporta & Arbós, which has a number of notable Catalan firms as clients. He served as an MP in the Parliament of Catalonia between 2010 and 2012.

During his first tenure as president of Barcelona, they set a new record for trophies won in a 12-month period, winning six in 2009. After departing in 2010, he was re-elected as club president in 2021.

During Laporta's reign as club president, the sports sections of Barcelona have won over 101 official trophies as of 2025.

Catalan Solidarity for Independence
Catalan Solidarity for Independence (Catalan: Solidaritat Catalana per la Independència, SI; IPA: [suliðəɾiˈtat kətəˈlanə pəɾ ləjndəpənˈdɛnsi.ə]) is an electoral coalition in Catalonia, founded in the summer of 2010 as an outcome of the grassroots social movement that initiated and organized the Catalan independence referendums of 2009 and 2010. It was organized as a common political platform for Catalan independentism, dissatisfied with what they considered a pragmatist and conformist policy of other Catalan parties (including the independentist Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya) towards the issue of independence.
Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend
Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend (反击右倾翻案风), later known as Criticize Deng, Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend (批邓、反击右倾翻案风), was a Chinese political campaign launched by The Gang Of Four in November 1975 against Deng Xiaoping's anti-Cultural Revolution program. It was one of the last movements during the Cultural Revolution, and continued briefly under Hua Guofeng after Mao's 1976 death, before it officially ended with Deng's rehabilitation in July 1977.

The movement was openly repudiated during the 3rd plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in December 1978.

Third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was a pivotal meeting of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party held in Beijing, China, from December 18 to December 22, 1978.

The conference marked the beginning of the reform and opening up policy, and is widely seen as the moment when Deng Xiaoping became paramount leader of China replacing Chairman Hua Guofeng, who remained nominal Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party until 1981. The meeting was a decisive turning point in post-1949 Chinese history, marking the beginning of the wholesale repudiation of Chairman Mao's "Cultural Revolution" policies, and set China on the course for nationwide economic reforms.

The meeting took place at the Jingxi Hotel in western Beijing.
The Vanishing Triangle
The Vanishing Triangle is a six-part television series created by Ivan Kavanagh. It is a dramatisation of true stories from Ireland's Vanishing Triangle. Distributed by Eccho Rights, it premiered on Sundance Now in the United States on 26 October 2023, and aired on Virgin Media One in Ireland on 25 March 2024 and Acorn TV in the United Kingdom on 29 April.

It premiered on Australian television on Thursday 7 March 2024, on SBS.

Channel 5 will broadcast the series under the name The Vanishings from 6 February 2025.

Allen Leech
Allen Leech (born 18 May 1981) is an Irish actor. He is widely known for his roles as Tom Branson in the ITV period drama Downton Abbey (2010–2015) and Paul Prenter in the biopic Bohemian Rhapsody (2018).

Leech made his professional acting debut in the 1998 production of A Streetcar Named Desire, had his first major film role as Vincent Cusack in Cowboys & Angels (2003), and earned an Irish Film & Television Award nomination for his performance as Mo Chara in Man About Dog (2004). Leech also played Marcus Agrippa on the HBO historical drama series Rome (2007).
Santissimi Salvatore, Enna
37°33′58″N 14°17′01″E﻿ / ﻿37.56624°N 14.28355°E﻿ / 37.56624; 14.28355

Santissimi Salvatore or SS. Salvatore (Holiest Savior) is the Roman Catholic church located on Via San Salvatore in the town of Enna, in the region of Sicily, Italy.

Enna
Enna (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛnna] ⓘ or [ˈenna]; Ancient Greek: Ἔννα; Latin: Henna, less frequently Haenna), known from the Middle Ages until 1926 as Castrogiovanni (Sicilian: Castrugiuvanni [ˌkaʂʂ(ɽ)ʊddʒʊˈvannɪ]), is a city and comune located roughly at the center of Sicily, southern Italy, in the province of Enna, towering above the surrounding countryside. It has earned the nicknames belvedere (panoramic viewpoint) and ombelico ('navel') of Sicily. It has about 25,000 inhabitants.

At 931 m (3,054 ft) above sea level, Enna is the highest Italian provincial capital.
Shopgirl
Shopgirl is a 2005 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Anand Tucker and starring Steve Martin, Claire Danes, and Jason Schwartzman. The screenplay by Martin is based on his 2000 novella. The film follows a complex love triangle between a disenchanted salesgirl, a wealthy businessman, and an aimless young man.

Produced by Ashok Amritraj, Jon Jashni, and Martin for Touchstone Pictures and Hyde Park Entertainment, Shopgirl was released in the United States on October 21, 2005, by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution and received positive reviews from film critics. The film grossed $11.7 million worldwide and was nominated for four Satellite Awards, including Best Picture – Musical or Comedy and Best Adapted Screenplay.

Anand Tucker
Anand Tucker (born 24 June 1963) is a film director and producer based in London. He began his career directing factual television programming and adverts. He co-owns the production company Seven Stories.
Battle of Tachekkirt
The Battle of Tachekkirt was a battle between the French forces of Marshal Jacques Louis Randon and the allied Algerian forces of Lalla Fatma N'Soumer and Sherif Boubaghla.

The Algerian forces feared that the French would launch a surprise attack. Shortly after the appearance of Lalla Fatma N'Soumer and her reinforcements, composed of Kabyle warriors, they assumed strategic positions and lookouts were placed.

The battle took place on 18 July, and the Algerian tribes were victorious over the French army led by Marshal Randon. The French casualties were 800 dead, included 56 officers, and 371 injured. Marshall Randon was almost captured during this battle but managed to escape.

After the battle, Algerian commander Sherif Boubaghla was killed, most likely by the betrayal of his own allies, N'Soumer would take command of the remaining resistance.

Sherif Boubaghla
Sherif Boubaghla or Cherif Boubaghla (in Arabic: الشريف بوبغلة , the man with the mule) (full name Muhammad Al-Amjad bin Abd Almalik محمد الأمجد بن عبد المالك) was an Algerian military resistance leader who led a struggle against the French colonial invasion in the mid-19th century. He participated in a wide variety of Algerian resistance movements and rebellions against the French army.
Chakkittapara
Chakkittapara is a panchayat  in the Kozhikode district of Kerala state, India. Chakkittapara borders Wayanad district to the east. Administratively, Chakkittapara comes under the Perambra block panchayat and Koyilandy Taluk, containing 15 wards and destinations like Kulathuvayal, Peruvannamuzhi, Chempanoda, Poozhithode, Muthukad, Koovapoyil, Narinada, Chempra, and Pannikkottoor.

Koyilandy
Koyilandy (IPA: [kojilɐːɳɖi];) is a municipality and a taluk in Kozhikode district, Kerala on the Malabar Coast. The historical town is located right in the middle of the coast of Kozhikode district, between Kozhikode and Kannur, on National Highway 66.

The independence activist K. Kelappan, popularly known as Kerala Gandhi,  was born in a nearby village, Muchukunnu.
Yang Longyan
Yang Longyan (楊隆演) (897 – June 17, 920), né Yang Ying (楊瀛), also known as Yang Wei (楊渭), courtesy name Hongyuan (鴻源), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Gaozu of Yang Wu (楊吳高祖), was a monarch of the Yang Wu dynasty of China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning initially as the Commandery Prince of Hongnong and later as the Prince of Wu. Throughout his reign, the governance of the Yang Wu state was under the effective control of the regent Xu Wen.

Yang Xingmi
Yang Xingmi (Chinese: 楊行密; 852 – December 24, 905), né Yang Xingmin (楊行愍, name changed 886), courtesy name Huayuan (化源), formally Prince Wuzhong of Wu (吳武忠王, "martial and faithful"), later posthumously honored King Xiaowu of Wu (吳孝武王, "filial and martial") then Emperor Wu of Wu (吳武帝) with the temple name of Taizu (太祖), was a Chinese military general, monarch, and politician. He was the military governor (jiedushi) of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu) late in the Chinese Tang dynasty, whose takeover of Huainan and several nearby circuits allowed him and his family to rule over territory that would eventually become the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms state Wu (although Yang Xingmi would be the first ruler in his line to receive the title of Prince of Wu, it was a Tang-bestowed title and did not denote independence of the state), including most of modern Jiangsu and Anhui and parts of modern Jiangxi and Hubei.
International Year of Cooperatives
2012 was designated as the International Year of Cooperatives by the United Nations General Assembly on 18 December 2009.

The designation has honored the use of cooperative organizations to contribute to socio-economic development across the world. It officially launched on 31 October 2011 with the theme "Cooperative Enterprises Build a Better World". United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was invited to speak at the November 2011 summit of the International Cooperative Alliance to celebrate the designation.

2025 was designated as the second International Year of Cooperatives by the United Nations General Assembly on June 19, 2024, with the theme “Cooperatives Build a Better World.”

International Cooperative Alliance
The International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) is a non-governmental organization established in 1895. The ICA represents 306 cooperative federations and organizations across 105 countries, representing approximately one billion individuals worldwide.
Crichton Castle
Crichton Castle is a ruined castle near the village of Crichton in Midlothian, Scotland. It is situated at the head of the River Tyne, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the village of Pathhead, and the same distance east of Gorebridge.

Constructed as a tower house in the late 14th century, it was expanded as the power of the Crichton family grew. However, the Crichtons fell from favour in the later 15th century, and the castle passed to the Earls of Bothwell. Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell, constructed the Italianate north range in the 1580s, featuring an elaborate diamond-patterned facade. After Bothwell was accused of witchcraft the castle fell into neglect.  The ruins are now in the care of Historic Environment Scotland, and are open to the public. A mile to the south-west is Borthwick Castle, a 15th-century tower house that is still in use.

Crichton, Midlothian
Crichton (CRY-tonne) is a small village and civil parish in Midlothian, Scotland, around 2 miles (3 km) south of Pathhead and the same distance east of Gorebridge.

The second element of the name is clearly from the Old English word tūn 'farm, settlement'. The first element is less certain, however, and could be from Gaelic crioch 'border' or Cumbric craig 'rock'.

To the west of the village is the 15th-century parish church, formerly a collegiate church, established by William Crichton, 1st Lord Crichton, the Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1439 to 1453. To the south of the church is Crichton Castle, begun in the late 14th century by William's father John de Crichton and featuring a fine 16th-century Italianate courtyard façade.

The civil parish has a population of 1,223 in 2011.