hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1961 Oakland Raiders season
The 1961 Oakland Raiders season was the team's second in the American Football League. Based in Oakland, they played their home games in San Francisco at Candlestick Park.

The Raiders tried to improve on their 6–8 record from 1960, but finished last in the AFL West at 2–12, dropping their final six games. They set an AFL record in 1961, posting a point differential of negative-221, and surrendered 36 rushing touchdowns, a pro football record.

The following year, the Raiders moved to the new Frank Youell Field in Oakland, and played in that temporary venue for four seasons.

1962 Oakland Raiders season
The 1962 Oakland Raiders season was their third season in Oakland and in the American Football League, and their first at Frank Youell Field in Oakland, their home for four seasons.

Attempting to improve on their 2–12 record from the previous season, the Raiders lost their first thirteen games and finally won in the season finale, a 20–0 shutout of the visiting Boston Patriots, a team with nine wins. The victory in the rain and mud snapped their nineteen-game losing streak.

Oakland's .071 winning percentage remains the lowest in the ten-season history of the AFL. The Raiders did not return to the bottom of their division for over three decades, when they were an NFL team in the AFC West division in 1995, the prologue of their second and last stint in Oakland.

This was the first season that the jerseys only featured the players' surname as opposed to their full name which had been used the previous two seasons.
Commonwealth Armory
The Commonwealth Armory was a Massachusetts Army National Guard armory.  It was built at the intersection of Harry Agganis Way and Commonwealth Avenue in Boston, Massachusetts in 1914-1915 for Troops A, B, C, and D of the First Squadron Cavalry, Battery A of the Massachusetts Field Artillery, the Field Hospital Corps, Ambulance Corps, and the Signal Corps. It was designed by Boston architect James E. McLaughlin, who also designed Fenway Park, the Benedict Fenwick School in Boston, and the Hudson Armory in Hudson, Massachusetts. During its life, it was home to military units, the Boston Auto Show, a concert by The Who in October 1969, and anti-war demonstrations. It was demolished in 2002 and replaced by the Agganis Arena in 2004.

Hudson Armory
The Hudson Armory is a former Massachusetts Army National Guard armory and training center located at 35 Washington Street in Hudson, Massachusetts, United States. It is a castle-like, two-story brick masonry building built in 1910 at the intersection of Park Street and Washington Street in Hudson along the Assabet River. It was originally constructed for the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. It was designed by architects James E. McLaughlin and James Mulcahy. As of June 2021, there are plans to convert the currently vacant armory into a community arts center.
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Ukrainian: Білгород-Дністровський, IPA: [ˈbilɦorod d⁽ʲ⁾n⁽ʲ⁾iˈstrɔu̯sʲkɪj]; Romanian: Cetatea Albă; Russian: Белгород-Днестровский, romanized: Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy), historically known as Aq Kirmān (Turkish: Akkerman) or by other names, is a port city in Odesa Oblast, southwestern Ukraine. It is situated on the right bank of the Dniester Estuary leading to the Black Sea, in the historical region of Budjak. It also serves as the administrative center of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion and is coterminous with Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It is the location of a large freight seaport. Population: 47,727 (2022 estimate).

Alexander the Good
Alexander I, commonly known as Alexander the Good (Romanian: Alexandru cel Bun; Romanian: [alekˈsandru t͡ʃel bun] ⓘ; c. 1375 – 1 January 1432) was Voivode of Moldavia between 1400 and 1432. He was the son of Roman I and succeeded Iuga to the throne. As ruler he initiated a series of reforms while consolidating the status of the Principality of Moldavia.
Poume d'oranges
Poume d'oranges, also referred to as pome dorreng and pommedorry, is a characteristic gilded (coated) pork meatball dish from Medieval cuisine that was a part of elite food culture during the Middle Ages. The dish was prepared to resemble the color of oranges, which was performed by using an egg yolk glaze. Poume d'oranges dish was often used for courtly English feasts and is listed in Medieval cooking manuscripts. The dish was denoted as pome dorreng on the coronation menu for Henry IV of England.

Poume d'oranges is mentioned in Anglo-Norman manuscripts and other documents, which points to the influence of Arab cuisine on European cuisine. This influence is most likely due to the fact that Normans conquered Sicily in the 11th century, which was dominated by Arabs for several centuries. In southern Spain, the Moors ruled for centuries. A similar dish of Medieval origin is Teste de Turke.

Meatball
A meatball is ground meat (mince) rolled into a ball, sometimes along with other ingredients, such as bread crumbs, minced onion, eggs, butter, and seasoning. Meatballs are cooked by frying, baking, steaming, or braising in sauce. There are many types of meatballs using different types of meats and spices. The term is sometimes extended to meatless versions based on legumes, vegetables, mushrooms, fish (also commonly known as fish balls) or other seafood.
Mount Charleston, Nevada
Mount Charleston is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Clark County, Nevada, United States. The population was 357 at the 2010 census.

The town of Mount Charleston is named for nearby Mount Charleston whose Charleston Peak at 11,916 feet (3,632 m) is the highest point in Clark County. The town of Mount Charleston is in a valley of the Spring Mountains to the northwest of Las Vegas, noted for its hiking trails. It is also known for its Retreat on Charleston Peak, a 64-room hotel. At an elevation of approximately 7,500 feet, temperatures are much lower than in Las Vegas, which has an elevation of about 2,000 feet, making it a popular place for Las Vegans to vacation. The mean high temperature is 20.4 degrees (Fahrenheit) cooler than in Las Vegas. The area is also known as a vacation village for wealthy Las Vegas residents.

Mount Charleston
Mount Charleston, including Charleston Peak (Nuvagantu, literally "where snow sits", in Southern Paiute or Nüpakatütün in Shoshoni) at 11,916 feet (3,632 m), is the highest mountain in both the Spring Mountains and Clark County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighth-highest mountain in the state. Well separated from higher peaks by large, low basins, Charleston Peak is the most topographically prominent peak in Nevada, and the eighth-most-prominent peak in the contiguous United States. It is one of eight ultra-prominent peaks in Nevada. It is located about 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Las Vegas within the Mount Charleston Wilderness, which is within the Spring Mountains National Recreation Area of the Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest.
Central Ethiopia Regional State
The Central Ethiopia Regional State is a regional state in Ethiopia. It was formed from northern part of the then Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) on 19 August 2023. Its formation was effected when South Ethiopia Regional State was established after a successful referendum from the former SNNPR. The largest ethnic groups in the region are the Gurage and Hadiya, constituting 70 percent of the region's population, and the president hails from the Gurage people.

Hosaina is the seat to the executive branch of government, whereas Welkite is the seat to the legislative branch of government (the regional parliament). Other regional bureaus were established in Butajira, Durame, Halaba Kulito,  Saja and Worabe.

Gurage people
Gurage (/ɡʊəˈrɑːɡeɪ/, Gurage: ጉራጌ) are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia. They inhabit the Gurage Zone and East Gurage Zone, a fertile, semi-mountainous region in Central Ethiopia Regional State, about 125 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa, bordering the Awash River in the north, the Gibe River, a tributary of the Omo River, to the southwest, and Hora-Dambal in the east.

According to the 2007 Ethiopian national census, the Gurage can also be found in substantial numbers in Addis Ababa, Oromia Region, Harari Region and Dire Dawa.

Historically, they trace their migration from ጉራዕ(Gura) and some oral traditions linking them to ancient Sheba and South Arabia.
Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)
Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) (LdSH(RC)) is a regular armoured regiment of the Canadian Army. Currently based in Edmonton, Alberta, the regiment is part of 3rd Canadian Division's 1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group. Members of the regiment are commonly called Strathconas or Strats as a short form. It was one of the last regiments in the British Empire to be created and raised by a private individual, Donald Alexander Smith, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal.

The regimental motto is "Perseverance". The colonel-in-chief of the regiment is King Charles III, while the colonel of the regiment is Colonel(Ret’d) Jamie Cade. The current commanding officer is Lieutenant-Colonel A. Nitu, and the regimental sergeant major is Chief Warrant Officer N. Mills.

Frederick Maurice Watson Harvey
Brigadier Frederick Maurice Watson Harvey, VC, MC (1 September 1888 – 24 August 1980) was an Irish-born Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross, Canadian soldier and rugby union player. During the First World War, while serving in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, he was awarded the Victoria Cross, making Harvey Canada's twenty-third recipient, the Military Cross and the French Croix de Guerre.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Spokane
The Diocese of Spokane (Latin: Dioecesis Spokanensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Washington State in the United States.  It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Seattle.

The mother church of the Diocese of Spokane is the Cathedral of Our Lady of Lourdes in Spokane. As of 2025, the bishop of Spokane is Thomas Daly. The diocese was erected on December 17, 1913.

Charles Daniel White
Charles Daniel White (January 5, 1879 – September 25, 1955) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as a bishop of the Diocese of Spokane in Washington State from 1927 until his death in 1955.
Piano Sonata No. 28 (Beethoven)
The Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major, Op. 101, by Ludwig van Beethoven was composed in 1816 and published in 1817. Dedicated to the pianist Baroness Dorothea Ertmann, née Graumen, it is considered the first of the composer's late piano sonatas.

This sonata marks the beginning of what is generally regarded as Beethoven's final period, where the forms are more complex, ideas more wide-ranging, textures more polyphonic, and the treatment of the themes and motifs even more sophisticated than before. Op. 101 well exemplified this new style, and Beethoven exploits the newly expanded keyboard compass of the day.

Late piano sonatas (Beethoven)
The late piano sonatas of Ludwig van Beethoven usually refer to the last five piano sonatas the composer composed during his late period.

Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major, Op. 101

Piano Sonata No. 29 in B♭ major, Op. 106 "Hammerklavier"

Piano Sonata No. 30 in E major, Op. 109

Piano Sonata No. 31 in A♭ major, Op. 110

Piano Sonata No. 32 in C minor, Op. 111

Some compilations may include Piano Sonata No. 27 in E minor, Op. 90 as one of Beethoven's late piano sonatas.
Mikhail Rasputin
Mikhail Nikolaievitch Rasputin is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is the older brother of Colossus of the X-Men and Magik of the New Mutants and first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #285 (February 1992).

Mikhail is a mutant with substance-altering and dimension-hopping abilities. He was a Cosmonaut and the Russian Federal Space Agency tried to test his powers by sending him on a suicide mission. He was the only surviving member of his crew and returned to Earth mentally unbalanced, harboring a dangerous messiah complex.

He sometimes collaborates with other villains such as Callisto, Omega Red, Apocalypse, and Mister Sinister.

Horsemen of Apocalypse
The Horsemen of Apocalypse are a team of supervillain characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Led by Apocalypse, they are loosely based on the Biblical Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse from the Book of Revelation, though its members vary throughout the canon.

Members of the Horsemen of Apocalypse appeared in 2016's X-Men: Apocalypse.
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a sub-discipline of applied aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic experience of art, music, or any object that can give rise to aesthetic judgments. Neuroesthetics is a term coined by Semir Zeki in 1999 and received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Anthropologists and evolutionary biologists alike have accumulated evidence suggesting that human interest in, and creation of, art evolved as an evolutionarily necessary mechanism for survival across cultures and throughout history. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, art therapists and psychologists.

Applied aesthetics
Applied aesthetics is the application of the branch of philosophy of aesthetics to cultural constructs. In a variety of fields, artifacts (whether physical or abstract) are created that have both practical functionality and aesthetic affectation. In some cases, aesthetics is primary, and in others, functionality is primary. At best, the two needs are synergistic, in which "beauty" makes an artifact work better, or in which more functional artifacts are appreciated as aesthetically pleasing. This achievement of form and function, of art and science, of beauty and usefulness, is the primary goal of design, in all of its domains.
Mill Hill School
Mill Hill School is a 13–18 co-educational private, day and boarding school in Mill Hill, London, England that was established in 1807. It is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.

Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC), formerly known as the Headmasters' Conference and now branded HMC (The Heads' Conference), is an association of the head teachers of 351 private fee-charging schools (both boarding schools and day schools), traditionally described as public schools. 302 members are based in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and Ireland. There are 72 international members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and also 28 associate or affiliate members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
Lymanske, Rozdilna Raion, Odesa Oblast
Lymanske (Ukrainian: Лиманське; German: Selz) is a rural settlement in Rozdilna Raion, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Lymanske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Lymanske is located along the east side of the Kuchurhan Reservoir on the border with Transnistria in Moldova. Population: 7,119 (2022 estimate).

The villages of Selz (named after Seltz in Alsace) and Kandel were established at this location along the Kuchurhan River in 1808 by Roman Catholic German and Alsatian (French citizens) immigrants to the Kutschurhan Valley, then part of the Russian Empire.  It received its present name after the remaining German residents were driven from the area by the advancing Soviet army in 1944.

Lymanske settlement hromada
Lymanske settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Лиманська селищна громада) is a hromada in Rozdilna Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 14,159 (2022 estimate)

The hromada consists of a rural settlement of Lymanske and 6 villages:
Ernst Reinhold von Hofmann
Ernst Reinhold von Hofmann (Russian: Эрнст Ка́рлович Го́фман, romanized: Ernst Karlovich Hofmann; 8 January 1801 – 23 May 1871) was a Russian geologist, geographer, explorer, and lecturer of Baltic German descent. He was a geologist who accompanied Otto von Kotzebue and his crew during his travels around the world from 1823 to 1826. After that, he made several travels to regions such as the Urals and Continental Europe and made note of orography and general geography. He was also a professor at Saint Petersburg State University and an associate professor at the University of Kiev.

Russian Geographical Society
The Russian Geographical Society (Russian: Ру́сское географи́ческое о́бщество (РГО)), or RGO, is a learned society based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It promotes geography, exploration and nature protection with research programs in fields including oceanography, ethnography, ecology and statistics.
Trinity House Obelisk
The Trinity House Obelisk, also known as the Trinity House Landmark, is a 19th-century obelisk located at Portland Bill, on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. Built as a daymark, it has been Grade II Listed since 1978.

The obelisk was built in 1844 to warn ships off the coast of Portland Bill. It stands at the southern tip of the Isle of Portland, acting as a warning of the low shelf of rock extending 30 metres south into the sea. The obelisk is made of Portland stone and is seven metres in height. It is inscribed "TH 1844" on its north face. The monument was saved from threatened demolition in 2002 after Trinity House deemed it too expensive to maintain.

Portland Bill
Portland Bill is a narrow promontory (or bill) at the southern end of the Isle of Portland, and the southernmost point of Dorset, England. One of Portland's most popular destinations is Portland Bill Lighthouse. Portland's coast has been notorious for the number of shipwrecked vessels over the centuries. The dangerous coastline features shallow reefs and the Shambles sandbank, made more hazardous due to the strong Portland tidal race.

The Bill is an important way-point for coastal traffic, and three lighthouses have been built to protect shipping. The original two worked as a pair from 1716, and they were replaced in 1906 by the current one.
Vexin
Vexin (French pronunciation: [vɛksɛ̃]) is a historical county of northern France. It covers a verdant plateau on the right bank (north) of the Seine running roughly east to west between Pontoise and Romilly-sur-Andelle (about 20 km from Rouen), and north to south between Auneuil and the Seine near Vernon. The plateau is crossed by the Epte and the Andelle river valleys.

Philip I of France
Philip I (c. 1052 – 29 July 1108), called the Amorous (French: L’Amoureux), was King of the Franks from 1060 to 1108. His reign of nearly 48 years, like that of most of the early Capetians, was extraordinarily long for the time. The monarchy began a modest recovery from the low it had reached during the reign of his father, Henry I, and he added the Vexin region and the viscountcy of Bourges to his royal domaine.
2024 Mississippi Republican presidential primary
The 2024 Mississippi Republican presidential primary was held on March 12, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 40 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention will be allocated on a winner-take-most basis. The contest was held alongside primaries in Georgia, Hawaii, and Washington.

2024 Hawaii Republican presidential caucuses
The 2024 Hawaii Republican presidential caucuses were held on March 12, 2024, from 6pm to 8pm, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 19 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a proportional basis. The contest was held alongside primaries in Georgia, Mississippi, and Washington.
Gladiolus flanaganii
Gladiolus flanaganii  is a Gladiolus species found in cliffs of the Drakensberg in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

This is a flower with a two inch wide, red blooming opening on short spikes. As many as seven flowers can appear on each spike. It is summer blooming and tolerant of summer water before going dormant in late summer.

The species was named flanaganii in commemoration of Henry George Flanagan a botanist from the Eastern Cape.

It is sometimes called “Suicide Lily” due to it growing against cliffs, which can be dangerous for those who attempt to collect it.

Gladiolus
Gladiolus (from Latin, the diminutive of gladius, a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae).

It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural gladioli).

The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The center of diversity is in the Cape Floristic Region. The genera Acidanthera, Anomalesia, Homoglossum, and Oenostachys, formerly considered distinct, are now included in Gladiolus.
Canadian Soccer Association
The Canadian Soccer Association (French: Association canadienne de soccer; branded as Canada Soccer) is the governing body for soccer in Canada. Headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, the federation is a full member of FIFA and governs Canadian soccer at the international, professional, and amateur levels, including: the men's and women's national teams, youth organizations, beach soccer, futsal, Paralympic and deaf national teams. The Canadian Soccer Association also administers and operates the Canadian Premier League, the Canadian Championship, and the Futsal Canadian Championship.

Canada men's national under-17 soccer team
The Canada U-17 men's national soccer team (also known as Canada Under-17s or Canada U-17s) represents Canada in international soccer at this age level. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

Many of Canada's current internationals have played at one or more of these age levels early in their career, often working with the same coaches and teammates throughout their progression into the senior squad.
Parmouti 19
Parmouti 18 – Coptic calendar – Parmouti 20

The nineteenth day of the Coptic month of Parmouti, the eighth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to April 14, of the Julian calendar, and April 27, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.

Parmouti 20
Parmouti 19 – Coptic calendar – Parmouti 21

The twentieth day of the Coptic month of Parmouti, the eighth month of the Coptic year. In common years, this day corresponds to April 15, of the Julian calendar, and April 28, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Shemu, the season of the Harvest.
2016–17 Binghamton Bearcats men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Binghamton Bearcats men's basketball team represented Binghamton University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bearcats, led by fifth-year head coach Tommy Dempsey, played their home games at the Binghamton University Events Center as members of the America East Conference. They finished the season 12–20, 3–13 in America East play to finish in a tie for eighth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the America East tournament to Stony Brook.

2016–17 Stony Brook Seawolves men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Stony Brook Seawolves men's basketball team represented Stony Brook University in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Seawolves were led by first-year head coach Jeff Boals and played their home games at Island Federal Credit Union Arena in Stony Brook, New York as members of the America East Conference. They finished the season 18–14, 12–4 in America East play to finish in second place. As the No. 2 seed in the America East tournament, they defeated Binghamton before losing to Albany in the semifinals. They were invited to the College Basketball Invitational where they lost in the first round to UIC.