hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
King Salmon River (Ugashik River tributary)
The King Salmon River is a 35-mile (56 km) tributary of the Ugashik River in the U.S. state of Alaska. Beginning at Mother Goose Lake in the Aleutian Range, it flows northwest to meet the larger river near the upper reaches of Ugashik Bay.  The lake and the upper course of the King Salmon lie within the Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge. The river's gravel bottom and braided channels are ideal for the many king salmon that spawn in its waters, but they limit navigation to small skiff.

There are many rivers in Alaska bearing the name King Salmon River, including tributaries to the Egegik River and Nushagak River systems in southwest Alaska, alone.  The name is also occasionally confused with a nickname given the Kenai River, a popular fishing stream located in the Cook Inlet drainage of southcentral Alaska.

Besides the large numbers of king salmon, the river also hosts large numbers of sea-run Dolly Varden, Chum Salmon and a small run of Pink Salmon.

Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge
The Alaska Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge in  southwestern Alaska whose use is regulated as an ecological-protection measure. It stretches along the southern coast of the Alaska Peninsula, between the Becharof National Wildlife Refuge on its east and the end of the peninsula at False Pass in the west. In between, however, it is broken into sections by lands of the Aniakchak National Monument and Izembek National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge is administered from offices in King Salmon, Alaska and was established to conserve Alaska Peninsula brown bears, caribou, moose, marine mammals, shorebirds, other migratory birds and fish, and to comply with treaty obligations.
The Two Dianas
The Two Dianas (French: Les Deux Diane) is a historical novel published in 1846–1847 under the name of Alexandre Dumas but mostly or entirely written by his friend and collaborator Paul Meurice. The "two Dianas" of the title refer to Diane de Poitiers (the mistress of Henry II) and her supposed daughter, Diana de Castro. The novel's setting precedes Dumas's better-known "Valois trilogy." The principal character is Gabriel, comte de Montgomery; other characters include Martin Guerre, Catherine de Médicis, and Ambroise Paré. When Meurice later published a dramatisation of the novel, a letter supposedly written by Dumas was attached as a preface, stating that he had never even read the book and that Meurice was the real author. Nevertheless, it has been argued that Dumas was at least somewhat involved in the composition of the work. According to F. W. J. Hemmings, The Two Dianas is "entirely lacking in Dumas's usual deftness of touch".

Diane de Poitiers
Diane de Poitiers (9 January 1500 – 25 April 1566) was a French noblewoman and courtier who wielded much power and influence as King Henry II's royal mistress and adviser until his death. Her position increased her wealth and family's status. She was a major patron of French Renaissance architecture.
International Marxist Group (Germany)
The International Marxist Group (German: Gruppe Internationale Marxisten, GIM) was the name of two German Marxist groups. The first was formed in 1939, as a breakaway from the Communist Party Opposition (KPO), and was linked to the centrist Marxist International Workers Front.

The second was a Trotskyist group in West Germany, formed in 1968 by the International Communists of Germany (IKD) and a faction of the Socialist German Student League (SDS). The GIM served as the German section of the reunified Fourth International. In the 1950s, the IKD had entered the Independent Workers' Party (UAP) and later the Social Democratic Party (SPD).  The group was involved in the Extraparliamentary Opposition (APO) movement through the early 1970s. In 1986, the GIM joined with the Communist Party of Germany/Marxists-Leninists to form the Unified Socialist Party (VSP). The VSP changed its name to the Association for Solidarity Perspectives (VsP) in 1993.

Communist Party of Germany (Opposition)
The Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) (German: Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Opposition)), generally abbreviated as KPO or KPD(O), was a communist opposition organisation established at the end of 1928 and maintaining its existence until 1939 or 1940. After the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party to power in January 1933, the KPO existed only as an illegal and underground organization. The group initially sought to modify, later to replace, the mainstream Communist Party of Germany (KPD) headed by Ernst Thälmann. The KPO was the first national section affiliated to the International Communist Opposition (ICO).
The Innocents (Australian band)
The Innocents are a power pop band formed in Hobart, Tasmania in 1975. Featuring singer-songwriters David Minchin, Charles Touber, Greg Cracknell, and drummer Brent "Beep" Jeffrey, The Innocents—originally called Beathoven—are one of only three Tasmanian bands to ever have Australian chart success (the others being The Kravats and MEO 245).

Charles Touber
Charles Touber is an Australian businessman and tour promoter from Hobart, Tasmania.  He is best known as the organiser of the Gone South series of festivals in Launceston and Hobart in the early 2000s, as well as the Southern Roots Festival in Hobart in 2007.
Dear Rosie
Dear Rosie is a 1991 British short subject directed by Peter Cattaneo from a script by Peter Morgan and Mark Wadlow. The plot follows Rosie, played by Fiona Victory, an unsuccessful novelist who begins receiving letters from overweight people after her agent publishes her diet tips.

Cattaneo directed the short while he was a student at the Royal College of Art. The 11-minute film premiered at the 1990 London Film Festival. The following year, it was presented at the New York Film Festival.

The short was nominated in the Best Short Film category at the 44th British Academy Film Awards, and the Best Live Action Short Film category at the 63rd Academy Awards.

Peter Cattaneo
Peter Joseph Cattaneo MBE (born 1 July 1964) is a British filmmaker. He is best known for directing the comedy film The Full Monty, for which he won the MTV Movie Award for Best New Filmmaker and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director.
Martin of Arades
Martin of Arades, also known as Martin of Corbie (died 26 November 726), was a Frankish Christian monk from Corbie Abbey, who is venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church. His feast day is 26 November.

He was the chaplain and confessor of the Frankish Mayor of the Palace Charles Martel. He died in Saint-Priest-sous-Aixe and was buried there. He is the patron saint of gout.

Corbie Abbey
Corbie Abbey is a former Benedictine monastery in Corbie, in present-day Picardy, France, dedicated to Saint Peter. It was founded by Balthild, the widow of Clovis II, who had monks sent from Luxeuil. The Abbey of Corbie became celebrated both for its library and the scriptorium.
Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics
The Korteweg-de Vries Institute for Mathematics (KdVI) is the institute for mathematical research at the University of Amsterdam. The KdVI is located in Amsterdam at the Amsterdam Science Park.

Robbert Dijkgraaf, Alexander Schrijver, Nicolai Reshetikhin, Jacob Korevaar, Miranda Cheng, Harry Buhrman and Jan van de Craats are notable researchers connected to the institute. The KdVI is an institutional member of the Royal Dutch Mathematical Society and the European Mathematical Society.

Royal Dutch Mathematical Society
The Royal Dutch Mathematical Society (Koninklijk Wiskundig Genootschap in Dutch, abbreviated as KWG) was founded in 1778. Its goal is to promote the development of mathematics, both from a theoretical and applied point of view.

The society publishes the quarterly journal Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde, the magazine Pythagoras, wiskundetijdschrift voor jongeren for high school children, and the scientific journal Indagationes Mathematicae.

Each year the society organizes a winter symposium for high school teachers. Biannually Koninklijk Wiskundig Genootschap organizes the Dutch Mathematical Congress. Once every three years, the society awards the prestigious Brouwer Medal to a distinguished mathematician. This medal is named after L. E. J. Brouwer.
Bras-Panon
Bras-Panon (French pronunciation: [bʁa panɔ̃] ⓘ) is a commune on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion, which is an overseas department and region of France. Bras-Panon borders the communes of Saint-André, Saint-Benoît and Salazie; as well as the Mât river, the Rivière des Roches and the Indian Ocean.

The commune is a large producer of vanilla, and holds the largest Agricultural Show on the island, every May.

Rivière des Roches (Réunion)
The Rivière des Roches is a river on the Indian Ocean island of Réunion, which is an overseas department and region of France. The 17.9 km (11.1 mi) long river flows northeast from the centre of the island, reaching the sea close to the town of Bras-Panon. The Rivière des Marsouins follows a largely parallel course, reaching the sea three kilometres to the south.
1980 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The 1980 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament was the culmination of the 1979–80 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, the 33rd such tournament in NCAA history. It was held between March 22 and 29, 1980, and concluded with North Dakota defeating Northern Michigan 5–2. The first-round game was held at the home team venue while all succeeding games were played at the Providence Civic Center in Providence, Rhode Island.

North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's ice hockey
The North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's ice hockey team is the college ice hockey team of the University of North Dakota. They are members of the National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC) and compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I ice hockey. North Dakota is widely regarded as a premier college hockey school and has one of the most storied programs in NCAA history. UND has made over 30 appearances in the NCAA tournament, appeared in the Frozen Four 22 times, and has won 8 NCAA Division I Championships. The program has also achieved 15 WCHA Regular Season Championships, 6 NCHC Regular Season Championships, and 12 Conference Tournament Championships. The school's former nickname was the Fighting Sioux, which held a lengthy and controversial tenure before being retired in 2012 due to pressure from the NCAA. The official school nickname is now the Fighting Hawks, the voted name that was chosen by the university on November 18, 2015.
Death Fiend
Death Fiend is an unreleased demo tape by Swiss extreme metal band Hellhammer. It was recorded in June 1983, along with the Triumph of Death demo, and later appeared on the compilation album Demon Entrails.

Hellhammer
Hellhammer was a Swiss extreme metal band from Nürensdorf, active from 1982 to 1984. Although the band's sound and style were heavily criticized and poorly reviewed during their active years, they have been widely praised in retrospect and are often regarded as a key influence on black metal. In June 1984, Hellhammer disbanded but two of its members soon formed the influential extreme metal band Celtic Frost.
Chatbot
A chatbot (originally chatterbot) is a software application or web interface that simulates conversation through text or speech. Modern chatbots are typically online and use generative artificial intelligence systems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user in natural language and simulating the way a human would behave as a conversational partner. Such chatbots often use deep learning and natural language processing. Simpler chatbots have existed for decades.

Chatbots have gained popularity with the release of ChatGPT in 2022, followed by competitors such as Gemini, Claude, and Grok, in what is labelled an AI boom. AI chatbots typically use fine-tuned large language models to generate text.

A major area where chatbots have long been used is customer service and support, with various sorts of virtual assistants.

AI boom
An AI boom is a period of rapid growth in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The most recent boom originally started gradually in the 2010s, but saw increased acceleration in the 2020s. Examples of this include generative AI technologies, such as large language models and AI image generators developed by companies like OpenAI, as well as scientific advances, such as protein folding prediction led by Google DeepMind. This period is sometimes referred to as an AI spring, a term used to differentiate it from previous AI winters. As of 2025, ChatGPT has emerged as the 4th-most visited website globally, surpassed only by Google, YouTube, and Facebook.
Johar-Mehmood in Goa
Johar Mehmood in Goa is a 1965 Bollywood comedy film directed by I. S. Johar with him, with Mehmood and Simi Garewal playing the lead roles. It's part of a comedy series that included Johar in Kashmir (1966), Johar in Bombay (1967) and Johar Mehmood in Hong Kong (1971).

I. S. Johar
Indra Sen Johar (16 February 1920 – 10 March 1984) was an Indian actor, writer, producer and director, who excelled in comedic roles and is best known to international audiences for portraying Gasim in the epic film classic Lawrence of Arabia.
Chindits
The Chindits, officially known as Long Range Penetration Groups, were special operations units of the British and Indian armies which saw action in 1943–1944 during the Burma Campaign of World War II. Brigadier Orde Wingate formed them for long-range penetration operations against the Imperial Japanese Army, especially attacking lines of communication deep behind Japanese lines.

The name Chindits is a corrupted form of Chinthe (Burmese: ခြင်္သေ့), Burmese word for "lion".

Their operations featured long marches through extremely difficult terrain, undertaken by underfed troops often weakened by diseases such as malaria and dysentery. Controversy persists over the extremely high casualty rate and the debatable military value of the achievements of the Chindits.

Bernard Fergusson, Baron Ballantrae
Brigadier Bernard Edward Fergusson, Baron Ballantrae, KT, GCMG, GCVO, DSO, OBE (6 May 1911 – 28 November 1980) was a British Army officer and military historian who served as the tenth governor-general of New Zealand from 1962 to 1967. He was the last British-born person to hold the position.
South Cushitic languages
The South Cushitic or Rift languages of Tanzania are a branch of the Cushitic languages. The most numerous is Iraqw, with 600,000 speakers. Scholars believe that these languages were spoken by Southern Cushitic agro-pastoralists from Ethiopia, who began migrating southward into the Great Rift Valley in the third millennium BC.

Cushitic languages
The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. They are spoken primarily in the Horn of Africa, with minorities speaking Cushitic languages to the north in Egypt and Sudan, and to the south in Kenya and Tanzania. As of 2012, the Cushitic languages with over one million speakers were Oromo, Somali, Beja, Afar, Hadiyya, Kambaata, and Sidama.
2012 West Virginia Democratic presidential primary
The 2012 West Virginia Democratic presidential primary was held on May 8, 2012 as part of the 2012 Democratic presidential primaries.

Incumbent president Barack Obama ran virtually unopposed for renomination, although several minor candidates challenged Obama in a handful of state contests, including West Virginia. Barack Obama won the primary against virtually unknown convicted felon and perennial candidate Keith Judd by a roughly 19-point margin, a relatively narrow victory that received national attention and was explained with Obama's general unpopularity in West Virginia.

Keith Judd
Keith Russell Judd (born May 23, 1958) is an American convicted criminal and perennial candidate for political office. His nicknames include "Dark Priest" and "Mtr. President".  He claims to have run for president of the United States in every election since 1996. In the 2012 Democratic primary in West Virginia, Judd won 41% of the vote against incumbent Barack Obama, then the highest single-state vote share that any of Obama's primary opponents had achieved in 2012.
Minster (river)
The Minster (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈmɪnstər]) is a river in the Swiss canton of Schwyz and a tributary of the Sihl river. It has a length of 13.1 km (8.1 mi). Since the creation of the artificial Sihlsee reservoir by impounding the Sihl, the Minster now flows into the reservoir rather than directly into the river.

The river's headwaters lie near the Ibergeregg pass, on the slopes of the Furggelenstock and Firstspitz mountains. From there it flows in a north-western direction to the villages of Oberiberg and Unteriberg. Between the two villages, the river flows under the Jessenenbruecke bridge. Some 1 km (0.62 mi) below this bridge, the Minster receives the waters of the Waag river, whilst a further 1 km (0.62 mi) on, it flows into the southern end of the Sihlsee.

Canton of Schwyz
The canton of Schwyz (German: Kanton Schwyz [ʃviːts] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Sviz; French: Canton de Schwytz; Italian: Canton Svitto) is a canton in central Switzerland between the Alps in the south, Lake Lucerne to the west and Lake Zürich in the north, centred on and named after the town of Schwyz.

It is one of the founding cantons of Switzerland; Switzerland's name is derived from the name of the canton, and the flag of Switzerland from its coat of arms. For the history of the name, see Schwyz. The Swiss Federal Charter is on display in Schwyz. Northeast of the town of Schwyz is Einsiedeln Abbey.
Small cubicuboctahedron
In geometry, the small cubicuboctahedron is a uniform star polyhedron, indexed as U13. It has 20 faces (8 triangles, 6 squares, and 6 octagons), 48 edges, and 24 vertices. Its vertex figure is a crossed quadrilateral.

The small cubicuboctahedron is a faceting of the rhombicuboctahedron.  Its square faces and its octagonal faces are parallel to those of a cube, while its triangular faces are parallel to those of an octahedron: hence the name cubicuboctahedron. The small suffix serves to distinguish it from the great cubicuboctahedron, which also has faces in the aforementioned directions.

Great cubicuboctahedron
In geometry, the great cubicuboctahedron is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U14. It has 20 faces (8 triangles, 6 squares and 6 octagrams), 48 edges, and 24 vertices. Its square faces and its octagrammic faces are parallel to those of a cube, while its triangular faces are parallel to those of an octahedron: hence the name cubicuboctahedron. The prefix great serves to distinguish it from the small cubicuboctahedron, which also has faces in the aforementioned directions.
Action Stations (film)
Action Stations (also known as Pasaporte al infierno and East of Barcelona) is a 1959 British/Spanish co-production action drama film directed by Cecil H. Williamson (English language prints) and Ramón Quadreny (Spanish language prints) and starring Paul Carpenter, María Martín and Joe Robinson. It was filmed in 1956 but unreleased until 1959.

Cecil Williamson
Cecil Williamson (18 September 1909 –  9 December 1999) was a British screenwriter, editor and film director and influential English Neopagan Warlock. He was the founder of both the Witchcraft Research Center which was a part of MI6's war against Nazi Germany, and the Museum of Witchcraft. He was a friend of both Gerald Gardner, who was the founder of Wicca, and also of the notorious occultist Aleister Crowley.
Relief of Thionville
The relief of Thionville (or the Battle of Thionville/Diedenhofen) took place on 7 June 1639, during the Thirty Years' War. The allied Imperial-Spanish forces under the overall command of Ottavio Piccolomini hammered the French force under the leadership of Marquis de Feuquieres, causing it to lift the siege of the Thionville stronghold.

Thionville
Thionville (French pronunciation: [tjɔ̃vil] ⓘ; Luxembourgish: Diddenuewen [ˈdidənu̯əvən] ⓘ; German: Diedenhofen [ˈdiːdn̩ˌhoːfn̩] ⓘ) is a city in the northeastern French department of Moselle. The city is located on the left bank of the river Moselle, opposite its suburb Yutz.
Dan Bittman
Dan Bittman (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdan ˈbitman]; born 29 March 1962, Bucharest) is a Romanian singer who represented the country at the Eurovision Song Contest 1994 and came 21st with 14 points.

Dan Bittman has been the lead singer of the music group, Holograf, since 1985. From November 2004 to 2012, he was the host of Dănutz SRL, a TV show on TVR 1.

Between 1984 and 1985, he was the lead singer for hard rock band IRIS.

In 2008, the artist was chosen by Disney to provide the voice of the old man from the palace in the Romanian dubbed version of the animated movie The Emperor's New Groove.

Of Jewish descent, Bittman practices Judaism.

Iris (Romanian band)
Iris is a Romanian rock band established in 1977 by Ioan 'Nelu' Dumitrescu (drums), Ion 'Nuțu' Olteanu (lead solo guitar and vocals) and Emil Lechințeanu (bass guitar). They achieved success, followed by tours throughout Romania and recordings for radio broadcast. At the 2006 MTV Romania Music Awards, Iris won the Best Rock Award and were nominated for Best Band and Best Live Act.
Piedrasblancas
Piedrasblancas is the capital town of the municipality of Castrillón, in the province of Asturias, Spain. It is 5 km (3 mi) west of Avilés, 32 km (20 mi) west of Gijón, 40 km (25 mi) northwest of Oviedo and 6 km (4 mi) east of Asturias Airport.

Piedrasblancas is a singular entity of population and has the title of Villa.

Asturias Airport
Asturias Airport, (IATA: OVD, ICAO: LEAS) is the only international airport of Asturias, Spain, in Castrillón. Traffic consists primarily of scheduled domestic flights and some seasonal scheduled international flights. In 2024, the airport handled 	1,993,256 passengers and managed 15,465 operations. The airport is located in Anzu, parish of Santiago del Monte, municipality of Castrillón, 15 km from Avilés, 40 km from Gijón and 47 km from the regional capital, Oviedo.
Tony Valeri
Tony Valeri PC (born August 11, 1957) is a former Canadian politician. Valeri was the Government House Leader in Paul Martin's government from 2004 until 2006. He was narrowly defeated by New Democratic (NDP) candidate Wayne Marston in the 2006 general election held on January 23, 2006.

Government House Leader
The Government House Leader, officially known as the leader of the Government in the House of Commons of Canada (French: leader du gouvernement à la Chambre des communes du Canada), is the Cabinet minister responsible for planning and managing the government's legislative program in the House of Commons of Canada. Despite the name of the position, it does not refer to the prime minister of Canada, who is the head of government.