hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SageMath
SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation") is a computer algebra system (CAS) with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, graph theory, group theory, differentiable manifolds,  numerical analysis, number theory, calculus, and statistics.

The first version of SageMath was released on 24 February 2005 as free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, with the initial goals of creating an "open source alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB". The originator and leader of the SageMath project, William Stein, was a mathematician at the University of Washington.

SageMath uses a syntax resembling Python's, supporting procedural, functional, and object-oriented constructs.

William A. Stein
William Arthur Stein (born February 21, 1974, in Santa Barbara, California) is a software developer and previously a professor of mathematics at the University of Washington.

Stein received his PhD in 2000, from the University of California, Berkeley, for his dissertation ‘Explicit Approaches to Modular Abelian Varieties’, supervised by Hendrik W. Lenstra.

He is the lead developer of SageMath and founder of CoCalc. Stein does computational and theoretical research into the problem of computing with modular forms and the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. He is considered "a leading expert in the field of computational arithmetic".

Stein was the 2013 recipient of the Richard Dimick Jenks Memorial Prize Award, presented by SIGSAM, a special interest group of the Association for Computing Machinery.
Rebo (comics)
Rebo is an Italian comics character, created for the story Saturno contro la Terra (Saturn against the Earth) by Cesare Zavattini (plot), Federico Pedrocchi (script) and Giovanni Scolari (art) in 1936. He is the dictator of Saturn and wants to conquer Earth, but his plans are foiled by Dr. Marcus and Ciro.

In 1960, Carlo Chendi and Luciano Bottaro decided to reuse the character in Disney comics: Rebo made his Disney debut in Paperino e il razzo interplanetario (Donald Duck and the interplanetary rocket), in Topolino #230-232 (March 1960), in which he tries to conquer Jupiter but his plans fail thanks to Donald. In the 1990s, Luciano Bottaro created another three stories about Rebo and his attempts to conquer Earth and Jupiter.

Federico Pedrocchi
Federico Pedrocchi (1 May 1907 – 20 January 1945) was an Italian comic book artist and writer. He sometimes used the pen name Costanzo Federici. He founded the magazine Paperino e altre avventure (Donald Duck and Other Adventures) in 1937, and wrote some of the earliest Disney comic book stories.
Ernest Henry (swimmer)
George Ernest Morrison Henry (13 May 1904 – 3 June 1998) was an Australian freestyle swimmer of the 1920s, who won a silver medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle relay at the 1924 Summer Olympics.  He also competed in the 100-metre freestyle in the same event. He spent the majority of his career in the shadow of his Manly Swimming Club teammate Boy Charlton.

Henry was 18 years of age when he was selected for the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.  Competing in the 100-metre freestyle, he reached the semifinals, where he was eliminated.  Henry combined with Australian teammates Frank Beaurepaire, Moss Christie and Charlton to claim the silver medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle relay.  The American relay team, led by Johnny Weissmuller, bested the Australians by almost 7 seconds to set a new world record.

Henry attended Sydney Boys High School, graduating in 1923. His older brothers Alfred and Goya Henry were also talented swimmers.

Alfred Henry
Alfred Stephen Henry (28 April 1890 – 27 September 1938) was an Australian lawyer and politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1931 to 1938, representing the seat of Clarence for the Country Party.
Külitse
Külitse is a small borough in Kambja Parish, Tartu County, in southern Estonia. It is located about 6 km southwest of the city of Tartu by the Tartu–Valga–Riga railway and the European route E264 (also known as Via Hanseatica). Külitse has a population of 600 (as of 1 September 2010).

Külitse was first mentioned in 1582 as Kilicz.

In the beginning of the 1970s a reservoir known as Ropka Lake was created in the village.

Külitse is served by Edelaraudtee's Ropka station which is located on the border of Külitse and Laane villages.

Laane, Tartu County
Laane is a village in Kambja Parish, Tartu County, Estonia. It has a population of 155 (as of 31 December 2011). 
Ropka railway station on the Tartu–Valga railway is located on the border of Laane and Külitse villages.
Peter Tufts House
The Peter Tufts House (formerly and incorrectly known as the Cradock House) is a Colonial American house located in Medford, Massachusetts. It is thought to have been built between 1677 and 1678. Past historians considered it to be the oldest brick house in the United States, although that distinction belongs to Bacon's Castle, the 1665 plantation home of Virginian Arthur Allen.  It is also believed to be, possibly, the oldest surviving house in the U.S. with a gambrel roof.

Its brick walls are 18 inches (0.46 m) thick. Its end chimneys were incorporated into the walls, which is unusual for the time and area of its construction, and its "separate flues are brought together in the gables. The steep main roof slope (51°) is truncated at the top to form
one of the earliest-known gambrel roofs."

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
Marques (bark)
Marques was a British-registered barque that sank during the Tall Ships' Races in 1984.

The Marques was built in Valencia, Spain, in 1917, as a polacca-rigged brig.  She was used to carry fruit from the Canary Islands to northern Europe.  Damaged during World War II, she was repaired in 1947 and subsequently used in the Mediterranean. She was badly maintained and, by 1971, she was in poor condition.

In 1971, Englishman Robin Cecil-Wright bought the Marques and had her extensively repaired and re-rigged in Southampton, England. She saw use in films, most notably Dracula, and in television shows such as The Onedin Line and Poldark. In 1977, Mark Litchfield bought a one-half share in the ship. She was again re-rigged, this time as a barque, largely so that she could play a part in the BBC series The Voyage of Charles Darwin, in which she doubled for Darwin's ship, HMS Beagle. At that time she was renamed the Bark Marques.

The Voyage of Charles Darwin
The Voyage of Charles Darwin was a 1978 BBC television serial depicting the life of Charles Darwin, focusing largely on his voyage on HMS Beagle. The series encompasses his university days to the 1859 publication of his book On the Origin of Species and his death and is loosely based on Darwin's own letters, diaries, and journals, especially The Voyage of the Beagle and The Autobiography of Charles Darwin. It starred Malcolm Stoddard as Darwin and Andrew Burt as Captain Robert FitzRoy.

The barque Marques was refitted to depict HMS Beagle.

The series was repeated in December 1995. It was broadcast in the US on PBS starting 27 January 1980 and was hosted by Neil Armstrong. It was produced by Christopher Ralling.
Shagarakti-Shuriash
Šagarakti-Šuriaš, written phonetically ša-ga-ra-ak-ti-šur-ia-aš or dša-garak-ti-šu-ri-ia-aš in cuneiform or in a variety of other forms, Šuriaš (a Kassite sun god corresponding to Babylonian Šamaš) gives me life, (c. 1245–1233 BC  was the twenty seventh king of the Third or Kassite dynasty of Babylon. The earliest extant economic text is dated to the 5th day of Nisan in his accession year, corresponding to his predecessor’s year 9, suggesting the succession occurred very early in the year as this month was the first in the Babylonian calendar. He ruled for thirteen years and was succeeded by his son, Kaštiliašu IV.

Nippur
Nippur (Sumerian: Nibru, often logographically recorded as 𒂗𒆤𒆠, EN.LÍLKI, "Enlil City;" Akkadian: Nibbur) was an ancient Sumerian city. It was the special seat of the worship of the Sumerian god Enlil, the "Lord Wind", ruler of the  cosmos, subject to An alone. Nippur was located in modern Nuffar 8 kilometers north of modern Afak, Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate, Iraq. It is roughly 200 km south of modern Baghdad and about 100 km southeast of the ancient city of Babylon. Occupation at the site extended back to the Ubaid period (Ubaid 2 – Hajji Muhammed), the Uruk period, and the Jemdet Nasr period. The origin of the ancient name is unknown but different proposals have been made.
Simona Poustilnik
Simona Poustilnik (Russian: Симона Пустильник) is a Russian biologist, philosopher, historian of science,  and is also a science journalist. She has a PhD in the history of Russian science from the Institute for the History of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russian Academy of Sciences. Her major research is in the area of the history of Russian science, particularly of system theory, Bogdanov's tectology, and Russian cosmism. She lives and works in London. She is a member of the British Society for the History of Science and the Authors and Publicists International Association.

Tektology
Tektology (sometimes transliterated as tectology) is a term used by Alexander Bogdanov to describe a new universal science that consisted of unifying all social, biological and physical sciences by considering them as systems of relationships and by seeking the organizational principles that underlie all systems. Tektology is now regarded as a precursor of systems theory and related aspects of synergetics. The word "tectology" was introduced by Ernst Haeckel, but Bogdanov used it for a different purpose.
Charles Delestraint
Charles Delestraint (also called Vidal) (March 12, 1879 — April 19, 1945) was a French general, hero of the French Resistance and the first commander of the Armée secrète during World War II. He was a Companion of the Liberation. Delestraint was killed by the Gestapo in 1945.

Armée secrète
The armée secrète was a French military organization active during World War II. The collective grouped the paramilitary formations of the three most important Gaullist resistance movements in the southern zone.
Goodbye, Franziska (1941 film)
Goodbye, Franziska (German: Auf Wiedersehn, Franziska!) is a 1941 German romance film directed by Helmut Käutner and starring Marianne Hoppe, Hans Söhnker and Fritz Odemar. It portrays the relationship between a globetrotting reporter and his devoted wife. The film was remade in 1957.

After World War II, the Allied Forces banned the film from being shown in the German-occupied area because of its ending, which reminded the viewers to support the war effort. Director Käutner was eventually able to convince officials that the propaganda sequence was in no way a reflection of his political ideology and was added at the behest of Nazi censors. The remainder of the film was fairly apolitical, and, as such, it was brought back in circulation a few years later; the propaganda end sequence is not seen on current prints of the film.

It was shot at the Tempelhof Studios.

Helmut Käutner
Helmut Käutner (25 March 1908 – 20 April 1980) was a German film director active mainly in the 1940s and 1950s. He entered the film industry at the end of the Weimar Republic and released his first films as a director in Nazi Germany. Käutner is relatively unknown outside of Germany, although he is considered one of the best filmmakers in German film history. He was one of the most influential film directors of German post-war cinema and became known for his sophisticated literary adaptations.
Sarpotdar
Sarpotdar is a family name found mainly among the Maharashtrian people in India. It is derived from the Mughal title Sarpotdar. The Persian word "pota" which means "treasure": the treasurer in Mughal times was called  "Potdar" and the chief treasurer would be "Sarpotdar". Later on, the nature of this job changed to somewhat like Inspector General of Currencies.

Panhala
Panhala (Pronunciation: [pənʱaːɭa]) is a city and a Hill station Municipal Council (3177 feet above sea level) 18 km northwest of Kolhapur, in Kolhapur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Panhala is the smallest city in Maharashtra and being a Municipal Council the city is developing rapidly. The city sprawls in the Panhala fort commands a panoramic view of the valley below. The main historical attraction here is the Panhala fort. There are many places of interest, each with its share of haunting anecdotes.
Żagań
Żagań [ˈʐaɡaɲ] ⓘ (French and German: Sagan, Latin: Saganum) is a town in western Poland, on the Bóbr river, with 25,731 inhabitants (2019), capital of Żagań County in the Lubusz Voivodeship, located in the historic region of Lower Silesia.

Founded in the 12th century by Polish monarch Bolesław IV the Curly, Żagań was the capital of an eponymous principality from 1274 to 1935. The main sights are the former Augustinian Monastery, one of the burial sites of the Piast dynasty, listed as a Historic Monument of Poland, the Ducal Palace and Park ensemble and the POW Camps Museum, located at the site of German-operated WWII prisoner-of-war camps for over 60,000 Allied soldiers of various nationalities, where the Great Escape took place.

The town hosts the Polish 11th Armoured Cavalry Division. An American Armored Brigade Combat Team is constantly rotated through the town under Operation Atlantic Resolve.

Wojtek (bear)
Wojtek (1942 – 2 December 1963; Polish pronunciation: [ˈvɔjtɛk]; in English sometimes phonetically spelled Voytek) was a Syrian brown bear  who was given to Polish soldiers as a gift by an Iranian shepherd near Hamedan, Iran, during World War II and was adopted by soldiers of the 2nd Polish Corps, whom Wojtek accompanied to Italy, serving with the 22nd Artillery Supply Company.

In 1944, during the Battle of Monte Cassino, Wojtek imitated his human comrades, carrying  ammunition crates. He was promoted from private to corporal and became a celebrity with visiting Allied generals and statesmen. After the war he was mustered out of the Polish Army and lived out the rest of his life in Scotland at the Edinburgh Zoo.

"Wojtek" is a diminutive of the given name "Wojciech", an old Slavic name still common in Poland.
Pawari
Bhoyari or Pawari is an Indo-Aryan dialect of central India, exclusively spoken by the people of the Kshatriya Pawar (Pawar / Bhoyar Pawar) caste. It is a dialect of the Rajasthani Malvi language, primarily spoken in the regions of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha by the people of the Kshatriya Pawar (Bhoyar Pawar) caste. This is the same language that these people used to speak in their original homes in Rajasthan and Malwa. Between the 15th and 17th centuries, the Pawars migrated from Rajasthan and Malwa to the Satpura and Vidarbha regions, settling primarily in Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha districts. This language is exclusive to the Pawar community; no people of other castes speak this language, clearly showing the connection of the Pawars to Rajasthan and Malwa.

Pandhurna District
Pandhurna district (Hindi pronunciation: [pãːɖʱʊɾn̪aː]) is the 54th district (according to the Madhya Pradesh Gazette) of Madhya Pradesh state and 9th district of Jabalpur division, which came into existence in the year 2023 after separating from Chhindwara district. It is the least populous district of the state. Its administrative headquarter is in Pandhurna city.
Sissala West District
Sissala West District is one of the eleven districts in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Sissala District in 1988; until the western part of the district was later split off to create Sissala West District in July 2004; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Sissala East District (which it was later elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Sissala East Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the northern/northeast part of Upper West Region and has Gwollu as its capital town.

Gwollu
Gwollu is a small town and is the capital of Sissala West district, a district in the Upper West Region of north Ghana. Hilla Limann, a former Ghanaian president was born and raised here.

The town contains several tourist attractions such as the tomb of Ghana's president Dr. Hilla Limann, a traditional bone setter's center and a slave defense wall. The wall was built in the 19th century as a double circle by Gwollu Koro Limann as a defense against slave raiders.
Violin Concerto No. 2 (Widmann)
Jörg Widmann's Violin Concerto No. 2 was composed in 2018 for his sister Carolin Widmann. The work premiered on 31 August 2018 with soloist Carolin Widmann and Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra conducted by Jörg Widmann at Suntory Hall, Tokyo. The concerto is dedicated to Carolin Widmann ("für Caro") and was commissioned by Suntory Hall, Orchestre de Paris and Frankfurt Radio Symphony.

Jörg Widmann
Jörg Widmann (German: [ˈjœʁk ˈviːtman] ⓘ; born 19 June 1973) is a German composer, conductor and clarinetist. In 2023, Widmann was the third most performed living contemporary composer in the world. Formerly a clarinet and composition professor at the University of Music Freiburg, he holds a composition professorship at the Barenboim–Said Akademie. His most important compositions are the concert overture Con brio, the opera Babylon, an oratorio Arche, Viola Concerto, Friedenskantate and the trumpet concerto Towards Paradise. Widmann has written musical tributes to Classical and Romantic composers. He was awarded the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art in 2018 and the Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg in 2023. He was Gewandhaus composer of the Gewandhaus Orchester Leipzig and composer in residence for the Berlin Philharmonic.
Ghashiram Kotwal (film)
Ghashiram Kotwal is a 1976 Indian Marathi-language film, which is an adaptation of Vijay Tendulkar's play of the same name. Tendulkar himself wrote the screenplay. Coming at the height of the Parallel cinema movement in India, the film was an experiment in collective filmmaking. It was produced by YUKT Film Cooperative, a 16-member collective consisting mostly of graduates of the Film and Television Institute of India. The title role was played by Om Puri, who made his debut with this film. The final shot of the film lasts for more than ten minutes. According to K. Hariharan, one of the four directors of the film, this shot is unique in film history as "the world’s longest shot on a standard reel of 1,000 feet to be shot by four camera operators".

Ghashiram Kotwal
Ghashiram Kotwal is a Marathi play written by playwright Vijay Tendulkar in 1972 as a response to the rise of a local political party, in Maharashtra. The play is a political satire, written as historical drama. It is based on the life of Nana Phadnavis (1741–1800), one of the prominent ministers in the court of the Peshwa of Pune and Ghashiram Kotwal, the police chief of the city. Its theme is how men in power give rise to ideologies to serve their purposes, and later destroy them when they become useless.Jayant Karve and an American professor Eleanor Zelliot jointly translated Ghashiram Kotwal from the Marathi into English (Calcutta, 1984). It was first performed on 16 December 1972, by the Progressive Dramatic Association in Pune. Jabbar Patel's production of the play in 1973 is considered a classic in Modern Indian Theatre.
Reinhold Schünzel
Reinhold Schünzel (7 November 1888 – 11 November 1954) was a German actor and director, active in both Germany and the United States. The son of a German father and a Jewish mother, he was born in St. Pauli, the poorest part of Hamburg. Despite his ancestry, Schünzel was allowed by the Nazis to continue making films for several years until he left in 1937 to live abroad.

Madame Dubarry (1919 film)
Madame Dubarry (U.S. title Passion) is a 1919 German silent historical film of the life of Madame du Barry. It was directed by Ernst Lubitsch, written by Norbert Falk and Hanns Kräly, with the title role taken by Pola Negri and Louis XV played by Emil Jannings. It was made at the Tempelhof Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Kurt Richter.
Monkspath
Monkspath is a large residential community and light-industrial area of Solihull, West Midlands, England, southeast of the town's Shirley district (and served by Junction 4 of the M42 motorway). Monkspath is in the Blythe ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull.

M42 motorway
The M42 motorway runs north east from Bromsgrove in Worcestershire to just south-west of Ashby-de-la-Zouch in Leicestershire, passing Redditch, Solihull, the National Exhibition Centre (NEC) and Tamworth on the way, serving the east of the Birmingham metropolitan area. The section between the M40 and junction 4 of the M6 forms – though unsigned as such – a part of Euroroute E05. Northwards beyond junction 11, the route is continued as the A42; the junctions on this section, 12–14, are numbered like a continuation of the motorway, but the road has non-motorway status from here.
WABC-TV
WABC-TV (channel 7) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the ABC television network, owned and operated through its ABC Owned Television Stations division. WABC-TV maintains studio facilities in the Hudson Square neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, co-located with ABC's corporate headquarters. The station transmits from atop the Empire State Building.

WABC-TV is best known in broadcasting circles for its version of the Eyewitness News format and for its morning show, syndicated nationally by corporate cousin Disney Media & Entertainment Distribution.

Bill Bonds
William Duane Bonds (February 23, 1932 – December 13, 2014) was an American television news anchor and reporter, best known for his work at WXYZ-TV in Detroit, Michigan. Bonds became an Action News anchorman beginning in the early 1970s.
Halkieriid
The halkieriids  are a group of fossil organisms from the Lower to Middle Cambrian.  Their eponymous genus is Halkieria /hælˈkɪəriə/.

The group is sometimes equated to Sachitida, although as originally envisaged, this group includes the wiwaxiids and is thus equivalent to the Halwaxiida.

Halkieria
Halkieria /hælˈkɪəriə/ is a genus of halkieriid mollusc which has been found on almost every continent in Lower to Mid Cambrian deposits, forming a large component of the small shelly fossil assemblages.  The best known species is Halkieria evangelista, from the North Greenland Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, in which complete specimens were collected on an expedition in 1989. The fossils were described by Simon Conway Morris and John Peel in a short paper in 1990 in the journal Nature. Later a more thorough description was undertaken in 1995 in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London and wider evolutionary implications were posed.