hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retainer (orthodontics)
Orthodontic retainers are custom-made devices, usually made of wires or clear plastic, that hold teeth in position after surgery or any method of realigning teeth. Once a phase of orthodontic treatment has been completed to straighten teeth, there remains a lifelong risk of relapse (a tendency for teeth to return to their original position) due to a number of factors: recoil of periodontal fibres, pressure from surrounding soft tissues, the occlusion and patient's continued growth and development. By using retainers to hold the teeth in their new position for a length of time, the surrounding periodontal fibres adapt to changes in the bone which can help minimize any changes to the final tooth position after the completion of orthodontic treatment. Retainers may also be used to treat overjets.

SMART Retainer
The SMART Retainer is a small micro sensor which is imbedded in a traditional orthodontic retainer. The sensor monitors how often the retainer is being worn, and the information is loaded onto the orthodontist's computer via a reader.
St John the Baptist Church, Chipping Barnet
St John the Baptist Church is the Church of England parish church of Chipping Barnet, Greater London. It forms part of the Chipping Barnet Team Ministry, comprising St Mark's, Barnet Vale, St Peter's, Arkley and St Stephen's, Bell's Hill. It crowns the ascent up Barnet Hill, and stands at the junction of Wood Street and High Street. It is one of the few Anglican churches in Greater London to belong to the Diocese of St Albans.

Diocese of St Albans
51°45′07″N 0°20′20″W﻿ / ﻿51.752°N 0.339°W﻿ / 51.752; -0.339

The Diocese of St Albans forms part of the Province of Canterbury in England and is part of the wider Church of England, in turn part of the worldwide Anglican Communion.

The diocese is home to more than 1.6 million people and comprises the historic Counties of Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire, or in terms of local government areas, Bedfordshire, Luton, Hertfordshire and parts of the London Borough of Barnet. It therefore ranges from small rural communities in villages and hamlets to major urban centres like Luton, Bedford, Watford and Hemel Hempstead, and includes suburban areas on London's outer reaches.
Andrés Avelino Cáceres
Andrés Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray (10 November 1836 – 10 October 1923) was a Peruvian politician and general who served as the President of Peru, from 1886 to 1890 as the 27th president, and again from 1894 to 1895 as the 30th. He is considered a Peruvian national hero for leading the resistance against the Chilean occupation during the War of the Pacific (1879–1883), in which he fought as a general in the Peruvian Army.

Battle of Huamachuco
The Battle of Huamachuco was fought on the 10 July 1883, and it was the last major battle of the War of the Pacific. The Chilean soldiers, led by Colonel Alejandro Gorostiaga, decisively defeated the Peruvian army commanded by General Andrés Avelino Cáceres near the town of Huamachuco. This Chilean victory effectively eliminated Cáceres' Ejército de la Breña, ending any real threat or resistance in the Peruvian Andes. The Peruvian defeat paved the way for the Treaty of Ancón that finally put an end to the war. Also, one of Peru's greatest heroes, Colonel Leoncio Prado, died as a consequence of this battle.
HMS Monkey (1831)
HMS Monkey was a schooner of the British Royal Navy at the Jamaica station. She was the merchant schooner Courier, built 1827. The Navy purchased her in October 1831 at Bermuda and renamed her Monkey. She remained in service as a tender to HMS Blossom, as a replacement for her predecessor, Monkey, until sold out in August 1833.

There is a prize money notice awarding salvage to those members of Blossom's crew who were aboard Monkey at the saving of the cargo of the brig Charles, of Boston, on 1 May 1832. At the time, Monkey's commander was Lieutenant Samuel Mercer.

HMS Monkey (1826)
HMS Monkey was a schooner of the British Royal Navy, launched in 1826 at Jamaica and assigned to the West Indies squadron. She made three notable captures of slaver ships, one involving a single-ship action against a slave ship much larger and more heavily armed than herself. She was wrecked in 1831 near Tampico.
Sir John Swinton, 15th of that Ilk
Sir John Swinton, 15th of that Ilk was a son of Sir John Swinton, 14th of that Ilk and Princess Margaret, daughter of Robert, Duke of Albany who served as Regent (see Clan Swinton).

During the Hundred Years' War, he was a doughty warrior who fought and led the Clan Swinton at the Battle of Baugé against the English in France in 1421, where the French-Scottish forces were victorious. Although the credit for this is claimed by others, he is said to have been the knight who slew the Duke of Clarence, brother of King Henry V of England. The incident appears in his descendant Sir Walter Scott’s poem, "The Lay of the Last Minstrel":

"And Swinton laid the lance in rest,That amed of yore the sparkling crestOf Clarence's Plantagenet".

However, Sir John Swinton was killed when the Clan Swinton fought at the Battle of Verneuil in France in 1424.

Sir John Swinton, 14th of that Ilk
Sir John Swinton, 14th of that Ilk, great-grandson of Henry de Swinton who appears on the Ragman Roll, was a distinguished soldier and statesman in the reigns of Robert II of Scotland and Robert III of Scotland. (See Clan Swinton)
University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.

University of Strathclyde Technology and Innovation Centre
55°51′37″N 4°14′33″W﻿ / ﻿55.860178°N 4.242461°W﻿ / 55.860178; -4.242461

The University of Strathclyde Technology and Innovation Centre (TIC) is a centre for technological research based in Glasgow, Scotland. The building, designed by BDP, is located on the John Anderson Campus's southern edge within the city centre's Merchant City district.
Lady Lumley's School
Lady Lumley's School is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in Pickering, North Yorkshire, England. It was founded in Thornton-le-Dale in 1670.

It was endowed by deed of Frances, Viscountess Lumley, an ancestor of the Earl of Scarborough, in 1657, and the buildings completed in about 1680.

It has school links worldwide, particularly within Tanzania, Morocco, China and France.

The school has been awarded Sportsmark 2008, an iNET qualification, Specialist Schools and Academies Trust, a British Schools Orienteering award and was classified as a Healthy School.

In 2019, the Ofsted Inspection Report rated Lady Lumley's school as inadequate.

Pickering, North Yorkshire
Pickering is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, on the border of the North York Moors National Park. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is at the foot of the moors, overlooking the Vale of Pickering to the south.

Pickering Parish Church, with its medieval wall paintings, Pickering Castle, the North Yorkshire Moors Railway and Beck Isle Museum have made Pickering popular with visitors. Nearby places include Malton, Norton-on-Derwent and Scarborough.
Karl Guthe Jansky
Karl Guthe Jansky (October 22, 1905 – February 14, 1950) was an American physicist and radio engineer who in April 1933 first announced his discovery of radio waves emanating from the Milky Way in the constellation Sagittarius. An amateur astronomer, he is considered one of the founding figures of radio astronomy.

National Radio Astronomy Observatory
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is since 1956 a federally funded research and development center of the United States National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. for the purpose of radio astronomy. NRAO designs, builds, and operates its own high-sensitivity radio telescopes for use by scientists around the world.
Jason Latour
David Jason Latour (born August 29, 1977) is an American comic-book and comic-strip artist and writer known for his work for Image Comics, Dark Horse Comics, Marvel Comics, and DC Comics on titles such as Wolverine, Winter Soldier, Southern Bastards and Spider-Gwen, co-creating Spider-Woman / Gwen Stacy (Earth-65) in the latter, later adapted to the Spider-Verse film franchise.

Mike Mignola
Michael Mignola (/mɪnˈjoʊlə/; born September 16, 1960) is an American comic book writer best known for creating Hellboy for Dark Horse Comics, part of a shared universe of titles including B.P.R.D., Abe Sapien, Lobster Johnson, and various spin-offs. He has also created other supernatural and paranormal themed titles for Dark Horse including Baltimore, Joe Golem, and The Amazing Screw-On Head.
Sementina
Sementina is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.  It ceased to exist on 2 April 2017 when it and the municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gorduno, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, and Sant'Antonio were merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.

Gorduno
Gorduno is a former municipality in the district of Bellinzona in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 2 April 2017 the former municipalities of Camorino, Claro, Giubiasco, Gnosca, Gudo, Moleno, Monte Carasso, Pianezzo, Preonzo, Sant'Antonio and Sementina merged into the municipality of Bellinzona.
Hunter Station Bridge
The Hunter Station Bridge is a truss bridge that carries U.S. Route 62 (US 62) across the Allegheny River in rural Tionesta Township in Forest County, Pennsylvania. The structure was named for a railroad stop on the long defunct Ridgway & Oil City Railroad.

The bridge features an unusual design, in which the roadway is built into the middle of the truss, as opposed to the bottom of the structure. This was done to prevent flooding from submerging the highway, which was relatively common before the upstream construction of the Kinzua Dam. In 1971, the bridge was reconstructed, several years after the completion of the dam.

U.S. Route 62 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 62 (US 62) is a signed north-south U.S. Highway that is located in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States. It stretches diagonally southwest-northeast through the industrial northwestern part of the commonwealth.

Although initial portions of the route opened in 1926 in other areas of the country, US 62 was not designated in the commonwealth until 1932. The highway connects the small cities of Sharon, Franklin, Oil City, and Warren to larger markets, such as Youngstown, Ohio and Buffalo, New York.
Hosuke Sharaku
Hosuke Sharaku (Japanese: 写楽保介, Hepburn: Sharaku Hōsuke) is the main character of Osamu Tezuka's manga and anime The Three-Eyed One (Mitsume ga Tōru). The names "Sharaku Hosuke" and "Wato-san" are references to Sherlock Holmes and Watson. Hosuke Sharaku is part of Osamu Tezuka's Star System.

Undersea Super Train: Marine Express
Undersea Super Train: Marine Express (海底超特急 マリン・エクスプレス, Kaitei Chōtokkyū Marin Ekusupuresu) is an anime television film created for the Nippon Television Network's annual 24-hour charity program, Ai wa Chikyū o Suku, which roughly translates to "Love Saves the Earth". The film contained a veritable "Who's Who" of manga creator Osamu Tezuka's notable characters. Each one had an important role, and many of them had individual, intertwining stories which would overlap with the ones of others. To coincide with the central theme of the charity program, the film emphasized on the dangers of environmental destruction, and that such disasters can be overcome by banding together.

For the previous charity special in 1978, Osamu Tezuka and Tezuka Productions created One Million-Year Trip: Bander Book. The year after, when the special was held again in 1980, Tezuka and Tezuka Productions created another film, Fumoon, based on Tezuka's manga Nextworld.
Wideopen
Wideopen, also occasionally misspelled as Wide Open, is a village in the North Tyneside metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, England, around 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Newcastle.

Wideopen adjoins the settlements of Seaton Burn, Brunswick Village and Hazlerigg. The village straddles the historic Great North Road, formerly the A1 trunk road, but is now bypassed by a new alignment of the A1 immediately to the west. The village lies in an area with a strong mining history and had its own colliery. Weetslade Country Park, to the east of the village, is reclaimed from an extensive area of coal mining activity.

In 2012 work commenced on the building of a new housing estate by Bellway homes, called Five Mile Park. It is located to the east of the Great North Road, between Lockey Park and Weetslade Country Park. The name refers to the distance from the centre of Newcastle; similarly, there is a Three Mile Inn to the south, and a Six Mile Bridge to the north.

Sacred Heart Church, North Gosforth
The Sacred Heart Church is a Roman Catholic church and ecclesiastical parish in North Gosforth, Newcastle upon Tyne. It is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle. Situated between Wideopen village to the north and Gosforth Park to the south, the church was made a Grade II listed building in 2006. It is notable for its stained glass windows bearing designs by members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, in particular Sir Edward Burne-Jones.
Abjad
An abjad (/ˈæbdʒæd/ ⓘ; or abgad lit. 'alphabet') is a writing system in which only consonants are represented by letter signs, leaving the vowels to be inferred by the reader (unless represented otherwise, such as by diacritics). This contrasts with alphabets that provide graphemes for both consonants and vowels. The term was introduced in 1990 by Peter T. Daniels. Other terms for the same concept include partial phonemic script, segmentally linear defective phonographic script, consonantary, consonant writing, and consonantal alphabet.

Impure abjads, such as the Arabic and Hebrew scripts, represent vowels with either optional diacritics or a limited number of distinct vowel graphemes, or both.

Logogram
In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek logos 'word', and gramma 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme. Chinese characters as used in Chinese as well as other languages are logograms, as are Egyptian hieroglyphs and characters in cuneiform script. A writing system that primarily uses logograms is called a logography. Non-logographic writing systems, such as alphabets and syllabaries, are phonemic: their individual symbols represent sounds directly and lack any inherent meaning. However, all known logographies have some phonetic component, generally based on the rebus principle, and the addition of a phonetic component to pure ideographs is considered to be a key innovation in enabling the writing system to adequately encode human language.
Halbrite
Halbrite (2016 population: 119) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Cymri No. 36 and Census Division No. 2. The village is located approximately 20 kilometres south-east of the city of Weyburn on Highway 39 at the intersections of Highway 606 and 705.

Halbrite gets its name from three engineers who, at the time, worked with the Canadian Pacific Railway. Each contributed parts of their last names to make up the community's name: Hall, Bruce, and White.

During the Second World War the Royal Canadian Air Force constructed a Relief Landing Field for RCAF Station Weyburn approximately 2 miles south of the village.

Division No. 2, Saskatchewan
Division No. 2 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the south-southeastern part of the province, on the United States border. The most populous community in this division is Weyburn.
Bourn Hall Clinic
Bourn Hall Clinic in Bourn, Cambridgeshire, England, is a centre for the treatment of infertility. The original building, Bourn Hall, is about 400 years old. Since becoming a medical centre, it has been greatly extended.

Robert Edwards (physiologist)
Sir Robert Geoffrey Edwards (27 September 1925 – 10 April 2013) was a British physiologist and pioneer in reproductive medicine, and in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) in particular. Along with obstetrician and gynaecologist Patrick Steptoe and nurse and embryologist Jean Purdy, Edwards successfully pioneered conception through IVF, which led to the birth of Louise Brown on 25 July 1978. They founded the first IVF programme for infertile patients and trained other scientists in their techniques. Edwards was the founding editor-in-chief of Human Reproduction in 1986. In 2010, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the development of in vitro fertilization".
Pujith Jayasundara
Pujith Senadhi Bandara Jayasundara (Sinhala: පූජිත් සේනාධි බණ්ඩාර ජයසුන්දර) also simply known as Pujith Jayasundara (Sinhala: පූජිත් ජයසුන්දර) (born 15 March 1960) is a former Sri Lankan police officer. He was the 34th Inspector-General of Police (IGP) from 2016 to 2020. He was sent on compulsory leave from April 2019 following the Easter bombings and retired in March 2020.

Inspector General of Police (Sri Lanka)
The Inspector General of Police (IGP) is the professional head of the Sri Lanka Police. They are the most senior police officer in Sri Lanka and oversees all police personnel throughout the country. The IGP reports to the Minister of Law and Order, when the Police Service is under the Ministry of Law and Order as it is currently.
Islington
Islington (/ˈɪzlɪŋtən/ IZ-ling-tən) is an inner-city area of north London, England, within the wider London Borough of Islington. It is a mainly residential district of Inner London, extending from Islington's High Street to Highbury Fields and Regent's Canal, encompassing the area around the busy High Street, Upper Street, Essex Road, and Southgate Road to the east.

Business Design Centre
The Business Design Centre is a Grade II listed building located between Upper Street and Liverpool Road in the district of Islington in London, England. It was opened in 1862, originally named the Agricultural Hall and from 1884 the Royal Agricultural Hall, for holding agricultural shows. It was the home of the Royal Smithfield Club's Smithfield Show from 1862 to 1938. It hosted the Royal Tournament from its inauguration in 1880 until the event became too large for the venue and moved to Olympia in the early years of the 20th century. It hosted the first Crufts dog show in 1891.

During the Second World War, the hall was commandeered by the Government, and from 1943, following the destruction of Mount Pleasant sorting office in an air raid, the parcels depot was moved to the hall. The hall then remained unused and empty until it was converted to its present use as the Business Design Centre in 1986.
From Hackensack to Englewood Cliffs
From Hackensack to Englewood Cliffs is a compilation album by American saxophonist Ike Quebec, released in 2000 on Blue Note. The album compiles eight jukebox-oriented pieces recorded by Quebec for the label, which, coincidentally, was the last Blue Note session recorded at Rudy Van Gelder's original facility in Hackensack, New Jersey. The final two tracks were recorded at Van Gelder's new studio in nearby Englewood Cliffs.

The first eight tracks are also included in the later The Complete Blue Note 45 Sessions.

Van Gelder Studio
The Van Gelder Studio is a recording studio at 445 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, United States. Following the use of his parents' home at 25 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, New Jersey, for the original studio, Rudy Van Gelder (1924–2016) moved to the new location for his recording studio in July 1959. It has been used to record many albums released by jazz labels such as Blue Note, Prestige, Impulse!, Verve, and CTI. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 25, 2022, for its significance in performing arts and engineering.
Convent Station, New Jersey
Convent Station is an unincorporated community located within Morris Township, in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The community is named after the Convent Station railroad station that was constructed along the Morris and Essex Lines during the 1870s.

Among the neighborhoods of Convent Station are Bradwahl, Cromwell Hills, and the Normandy Park Historic District; which was added in 1996 to both the National and New Jersey registers of historic places. The Morris Township Municipal Building and Police Headquarters are located in Convent Station.

The community is home to the Morris County Golf Club, the Morris Museum, and Saint Elizabeth University, a private Catholic, coeducational, four-year, liberal arts university founded in 1899.

Normandy Park Historic District
The Normandy Park Historic District  is a 57-acre (23 ha) historic district located along Normandy Parkway, between Columbia Turnpike and Madison Avenue, in the Convent Station section of Morris Township in Morris County, New Jersey.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1996, for its significance in architecture and community planning. The district has 17 contributing buildings and 9 contributing objects.
Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999
The Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 (SI 1999/2083) was a UK statutory instrument, which implemented the EU (then EEC) Unfair Consumer Contract Terms Directive into domestic law. It replaced an earlier version of similar regulations, and overlaps considerably with the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977.

It was superseded by the Consumer Rights Act 2015, which regulates unfair terms in consumer contracts in English contract law.

Directive (European Union)
A directive is a legal act of the European Union which requires member states to achieve particular goals without dictating how the member states achieve those goals. A directive's goals have to be made the goals of one or more new or changed national laws by the member states before this legislation applies to individuals residing in the member states. Directives normally leave member states with a certain amount of leeway as to the exact rules to be adopted. Directives can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter.

The text of a draft directive (if subject to the co-decision process, as contentious matters usually are) is prepared by the Commission after consultation with its own and national experts. The draft is presented to the Parliament and the Council—composed of relevant ministers of member governments, initially for evaluation and comment and then subsequently for approval or rejection.
1991–92 Cypriot Cup
The 1991–92 Cypriot Cup was the 50th edition of the Cypriot Cup. A total of 72 clubs entered the competition. It began on 9 November 1991 with the first preliminary round and concluded on 10 June 1992 with the final which was held at Tsirion Stadium. Apollon won their 4th Cypriot Cup trophy after beating Omonia 1–0 in the final.

1991–92 Cypriot Fourth Division
The 1991–92 Cypriot Fourth Division was the seventh season of the Cypriot fourth-level football league. The championship was split into three geographical groups, representing the Districts of Cyprus. The winners were:

Nicosia-Keryneia Group: OXEN Peristeronas

Larnaca-Famagusta Group: Livadiakos Livadion

Limassol-Paphos Group: AEZ Zakakiou

The three winners were promoted to the 1992–93 Cypriot Third Division. Seven teams were relegated to regional leagues.