hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mathis der Maler (opera)
Mathis der Maler (Matthias the Painter) is an opera by Paul Hindemith. The work's protagonist, Matthias Grünewald, was a historical figure who flourished during the Reformation, and whose art, in particular the Isenheim Altarpiece, inspired many creative figures in the early 20th century.

Hindemith completed the opera, writing his own libretto, in 1935. By that time, however, the rise of Nazism prevented Hindemith from securing a performance in Germany. The story, set during the German Peasants' War (1524–25), concerns Matthias's struggle for artistic freedom of expression in the repressive climate of his day, which mirrored Hindemith's own struggle as the Nazis attained power and repressed dissent. The opera's obvious political message did not escape the regime.

Matthias Grünewald
Matthias Grünewald (c. 1470 – 31 August 1528; also known as Mathis Gothart Nithart) was a German Renaissance painter of religious works who ignored Renaissance classicism to continue the style of late medieval Central European art into the 16th century.

Only ten paintings—including several polyptychs—and thirty-five drawings survive, all religious, although many others were lost at sea on their way to Sweden as war booty. He was obscure until the late nineteenth century, when many of his paintings were attributed to Albrecht Dürer, who is now seen as his stylistic antithesis. His largest and most famous work is the Isenheim Altarpiece created c. 1512 to 1516.
China Coast
China Coast was a casual dining American restaurant chain owned by Darden Restaurants Inc., specializing in American Chinese cuisine.

Founded in 1990 in Orlando, Florida, China Coast was intended to join Olive Garden and Red Lobster as Darden's signature properties. It had been expected by executives to become the top Chinese-style restaurant chain in the U.S. by the latter half of the 1990s, but abruptly closed in 1995 due to poor reception and mounting financial losses.

American Chinese cuisine
American Chinese cuisine, also known as Sino–American cuisine and often referred to in American English as simply Chinese food, is a style of Chinese cuisine developed by Chinese Americans. The dishes served in North American Chinese restaurants are modified to suit customers' tastes and are often quite different from styles common in China. By the late 20th century, it was recognized as one of the many regional styles of Chinese cuisine.
Neoclassical economics
Neoclassical economics is an approach to economics in which the production, consumption, and valuation (pricing) of goods and services are observed as driven by the supply and demand model. According to this line of thought, the value of a good or service is determined through a hypothetical maximization of utility by income-constrained individuals and of profits by firms facing production costs and employing available information and factors of production. This approach has often been justified by appealing to rational choice theory.

Neoclassical economics is the dominant approach to microeconomics and, together with Keynesian economics, formed the neoclassical synthesis which dominated mainstream economics as "neo-Keynesian economics" from the 1950s onward.

General equilibrium theory
In economics, general equilibrium theory attempts to explain the behavior of supply, demand, and prices in a whole economy with several or many interacting markets, by seeking to prove that the interaction of demand and supply will result in an overall general equilibrium. General equilibrium theory contrasts with the theory of partial equilibrium, which analyzes a specific part of an economy while its other factors are held constant.

General equilibrium theory both studies economies using the model of equilibrium pricing and seeks to determine in which circumstances the assumptions of general equilibrium will hold. The theory dates to the 1870s, particularly the work of French economist Léon Walras in his pioneering 1874 work Elements of Pure Economics. The theory reached its modern form with the work of Lionel W. McKenzie (Walrasian theory), Kenneth Arrow and Gérard Debreu (Hicksian theory) in the 1950s.
Kirk Lake (New York)
Kirk Lake is a controlled lake in the hamlet of Mahopac in the town of Carmel in Putnam County, New York. First impounded in 1871, with a substantially larger dam placed in 1881, it lies due west and sharply below considerably larger Lake Mahopac. It is one of three controlled lakes in the New York City water supply system's Croton Watershed.

The outfall of Kirk Lake is a tributary of the Muscoot River, which flows into the Croton River that drains the Croton River watershed.  Waters from Kirk lake join the Muscoot approximately one mile below its northernmost headwaters to the west. Approximately one-half mile south of their confluence the river is joined by a small flow from Lake Mahopac, which picks up the flow of several more streams before crossing into Westchester County and draining into the Amawalk Reservoir in the town of Somers.

Muscoot River
The Muscoot River is a short tributary of the Croton River in  Putnam and Westchester counties in the state of New York.  Approximately 13 mi (21 km) long and running irregularly southeast, it lies within the Croton River watershed and is part of the New York City water supply system's Croton Watershed.
Stolica Mountains
The Stolica Mountains (Slovak: Stolické vrchy) is a mountain range in Slovakia, the highest part of the Slovak Ore Mountains of the Inner Western Carpathians.

The Stolica Mountains are divided into four distinct morphological sub-assemblies:

Stolica

Tŕstie

Klenovské vrchy

Málinské vrchy

The highest point of the Stolica Mountains is Stolica (1,476 metres above sea level).  The northern slopes of the Stolica is the source of the Sajó River.  The entire range is next to the Muránska planina National Park and the Slovak Paradise National Park.

48°37′30″N 19°54′50″E﻿ / ﻿48.62500°N 19.91389°E﻿ / 48.62500; 19.91389

Divisions of the Carpathians
Divisions of the Carpathians are a categorization of the Carpathian Mountains system.

Below is a detailed overview of the major subdivisions and ranges of the Carpathian Mountains. The Carpathians are a "subsystem" of a bigger Alps-Himalaya System that stretches from western Europe all the way to southern Asia, and are further divided into "provinces" and "subprovinces". The last level of the division, i.e. the actual mountain ranges and basins, is usually classified as "units". The main divisions are shown in the map on the right.

To generalize, there are three major provinces (regions): Western Carpathians, Eastern Carpathians, and the Southern Carpathians.
Austreim
Austreim is a village in Høyanger Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the north shore of the Sognefjorden, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of the municipal center of Høyanger, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) east of the village of Kyrkjebø, and about 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) southeast of the village of Vadheim where there is access to the European route E39 highway.

The 0.35-square-kilometre (86-acre) village has a population (2025) of 347 and a population density of 991 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,570/sq mi).

The village of Austreim was the site of a medieval stave church that was first mentioned in historical records in 1308. The church was torn down in the 1600s and a new church was built about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the west in Kyrkjebø where the present Kyrkjebø Church is located. A memorial stone was erected in 1991 to mark the site of the historic church.

Kyrkjebø Church
Kyrkjebø Church (Norwegian: Kyrkjebø kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Høyanger Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Kyrkjebø. It is the church for the Kyrkjebø parish which is part of the Sunnfjord prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The wooden church was built in a long church design in 1869 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Christie, who based his designs on the old stave churches in Norway. The church is a three-nave basilica church which seats about 500 people.
A. M. Naik
Anil Manibhai Naik (born 9 June 1942) is an Indian industrialist, philanthropist and the chairman emeritus of Larsen & Toubro, an Indian engineering conglomerate, and a former chairman of the National Skill Development Corporation.

He was awarded the Padma Bhushan, India's 3rd highest civilian award, in 2009. In 2019, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's 2nd highest civilian award. Naik is also the recipient of the 'Economic Times - Business Leader of the Year Award, for the year 2008.

Hansraj Morarji Public School
Hansraj Morarji Public School is a combined primary, junior and senior school in Mumbai, India. It was founded in 1939 by the Bai Kabibai and Hansraj Morarji Trust. The foundation stone was laid by Sardar Patel. The school was earlier an all-boys school but now admits girls.
Thomas Pappas
Thomas M. Pappas is a former United States Army colonel who is a civilian intelligence officer with the Army's Training and Doctrine Command at Fort Eustis, Virginia.

He was the Brigade Commander of the 205th Military Intelligence Brigade and the senior military intelligence officer at Abu Ghraib prison during the Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse scandal, which brought him significant notoriety.  In May 2005, Pappas was disciplined by the Army for failing to properly supervise and train subordinates and for allowing military dogs to be present during prisoner interrogations.

Steven L. Jordan
Steven L. Jordan (born 1956) is a former United States Army Reserve officer. Jordan volunteered to return to active duty to support the war in Iraq, and as a civil affairs officer with a background in military intelligence, was made the director of the Joint Interrogation Debriefing Center at Abu Ghraib prison.

He is best known for his alleged involvement in the 2004 Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse. In 2007, he was put on trial for prisoner abuse but was declared not guilty of the charges. He left the Army in 2009.
Koppio
Koppio is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located on the Eyre Peninsula about 256 kilometres (159 mi) west of the state capital of Adelaide and about 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Port Lincoln, and within the Tod River catchment area, Southern Australia While long-established agricultural activities dominate (including sheep, cattle and buffalo grazing and wheat cropping) the region is also prospective for graphite and iron ore. The Koppio Smithy Museum is a local tourist attraction replete with buildings and artifacts representing the early pioneer heritage of Eyre Peninsula.

Eyre Peninsula
The Eyre Peninsula is a triangular peninsula in South Australia. It is bounded by the Spencer Gulf on the east, the Great Australian Bight on the west, and the Gawler Ranges to the north.

Earlier called Eyre's Peninsula, it was named after explorer Edward John Eyre, who explored parts of the peninsula in 1839–41. The coastline was first charted by the expeditions of Matthew Flinders in 1801–02 and French explorer Nicolas Baudin around the same time. Flinders also named the nearby Yorke's Peninsula and Spencer's Gulph on the same voyage.

The peninsula's economy is primarily agricultural, with growing aquaculture, mining, and tourism sectors. The main towns are Port Lincoln in the south, Whyalla and Port Augusta in the northeast, and Ceduna in the northwest. Port Lincoln (Galinyala in Barngarla), Whyalla and Port Augusta (Goordnada) are part of the Barngarla Aboriginal country.: 230  Ceduna is within Wirangu country.
György Grozer
György Grozer (born 27 November 1984), also known as Georg Grozer, or by his nickname Hammerschorsch, is a German professional volleyball player of Hungarian origin. He currently plays as an opposite spiker for Shanghai Bright and the Germany national team.

Grozer is widely known by the nickname “Hammerschorsch”, a German compound word combining Hammer (“hammer”) and Schorsch, a German diminutive of Georg that reflects his powerful attacking style.

Shanghai Men's Volleyball Club
Shanghai Men's Volleyball Club, now known as Shanghai Bright (Chinese: 上海光明男排), is a Chinese men's volleyball club based in Shanghai. The Shanghai men's volleyball team plays in the Chinese Men's League and the AVC Club Volleyball Championship.

The team won 18 Chinese League champion titles. The team with the name and different extensions have been presented as Shanghai Tang Dynasty, Fudan University Shanghai, Shanghai Golden Age and now Shanghai Bright.

The team participated in FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship for the first time in 2017.
Watauga, Tennessee
Watauga /wəˈtɔːɡə/ is a city in Carter and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The population 353 in the 2020 census. It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

Carter County, Tennessee
Carter County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,356. Its county seat is Elizabethton. The county is named in honor of Landon Carter (1760–1800), an early settler active in the "Lost State of Franklin" 1784-1788 secession from the State of North Carolina. Carter County is part of the Johnson City, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, located in northeastern Tennessee.
Jim Moir
James Roderick Moir (born 24 January 1959), commonly known by his stage name Vic Reeves, is an English comedian and artist. He has a double act with Bob Mortimer as Reeves & Mortimer. He is known for his surreal sense of humour.

In 2003, Reeves and Mortimer were listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy. In a 2005 poll to find the Comedians' Comedian, Reeves and Mortimer were voted the ninth-greatest comedy act ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders.

Jools Holland
Julian Miles Holland OBE DL (born 24 January 1958) is an English pianist, bandleader, singer, composer and television presenter. He was an original member of the rock band Squeeze. From 1982 until 1987, he co-presented the Channel 4 music programme The Tube. Since 1992, he has hosted Later... with Jools Holland, a music show aired on BBC2, on which his annual show Hootenanny is based. Holland is a published author and appears on television shows besides his own. He regularly hosted the programme Jools Holland on BBC Radio 2.

In 2004, Holland collaborated with the Welsh singer Tom Jones on an album of traditional R&B music. He achieved his first UK number one album in 2024 with Swing Fever, a collaboration with Rod Stewart. He has worked with many other artists including Marc Almond, Jayne County, José Feliciano, Sting, Eric Clapton, Mark Knopfler, George Harrison, David Gilmour, Ringo Starr, Dr. John, Bono, The The, Ruby Turner, and Amy Winehouse.
Tony Richardson
Cecil Antonio Richardson (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English theatre director and filmmaker, whose career spanned five decades. He was identified with the "angry young men" group of British directors and playwrights during the 1950s, and was later a key figure in the British New Wave filmmaking movement.

His films Look Back in Anger (1959), The Entertainer (1960), A Taste of Honey (1961), and The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner (1962) are considered classics of kitchen sink realism. He won the 1964 Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for the film Tom Jones. He was also a two-time BAFTA Award winner, and was twice nominated for the Palme d'Or.

With his wife Vanessa Redgrave, Richardson was the father to actresses Natasha Richardson and Joely Richardson.

The Charge of the Light Brigade (1968 film)
The Charge of the Light Brigade is a 1968 British DeLuxe Color satirical war film made by Woodfall Film Productions and distributed by United Artists, depicting parts of the Crimean War and the eponymous charge. It was directed by Tony Richardson and produced by Neil Hartley. Its animated credits and linking passages were created by Richard Williams, drawing on the satirical use of Victorian-era jingoistic images. This film features Richardson's daughters Natasha and Joely in their debuts.
St John the Baptist's Church, Stamford Bridge
St John the Baptist's Church is the parish church of Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire, a village in England.

Until the mid 20th century, Stamford Bridge was in the parish of All Saints' Church, Catton.  A chapel of ease was built in the village in the Mediaeval period, dedicated to Saint Leonard, and it remained in use until the early 18th century.  In 1868, a new church was built in Stamford Bridge, dedicated to Saint John the Baptist.  It was designed by George Fowler Jones, and cost £1,500.  In 1957, it was made the parish church, with All Saints becoming a chapel of ease.

The church is built of yellow sandstone, with limestone dressings.  It is in the Early English style, and consists of a nave and chancel, with a vestry and porch on the north side, and a bellcote at the east end.  Inside, there is a west gallery with an organ.  The stained glass in the east window is by Clayton and Bell and was installed in 1892. There is a wooden baptismal font, by a local carpenter.

Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire
Stamford Bridge is a village and civil parish on the River Derwent in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of York and 22 miles (35 km) west of Driffield. The village sits astride an ancient ford on the River Derwent.

Stamford Bridge is known for the Roman fort Derventio, the Battle of Stamford Bridge (1066 AD), Stamford Bridge railway station and Stamford Bridge Viaduct on the disused York–Beverley railway, and the Stamford Bridge road crossing of the River Derwent.
Mark (rapper)
Mark Lee (born August 2, 1999), known mononymously as Mark, is a Canadian rapper and singer  based in South Korea. He is a member of the South Korean boy band NCT and its fixed sub-units NCT 127 and NCT Dream, as well as the South Korean supergroup SuperM.

SM Station
SM Station is a digital music project by South Korean record label SM Entertainment. It undertook to release one digital single every Friday starting from February 3, 2016. The project's first season ended on February 3, 2017, with 52 songs. Its second season began on March 31, 2017, and concluded on April 6, 2018, with a total of 57 songs. In 2022, it introduced NCT Lab, a sub-project dedicated to individual projects for NCT members.
Carey Pietsch
Caroline Elizabeth Pietsch (born November 11, 1988), known professionally as Carey Pietsch, is an American cartoonist, illustrator and artist. She is best known for her work on several webcomics and on The Adventure Zone series of graphic novels. Her father, Michael Pietsch, is the CEO of Hachette Book Group.

Travis McElroy
Travis Patrick McElroy (/ˈmæk.əlˌrɔɪ/ MACK-əl-roy, born November 8, 1983) is an American podcaster, writer, and comedian. He is known for his work on podcasts such as My Brother, My Brother and Me, Shmanners, The Adventure Zone, and Can I Pet Your Dog?.
Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.

Half-pipe skiing
Half-pipe skiing is the sport of riding snow skis on a half-pipe. Competitors perform a series of tricks while going down the pipe. The current world record for highest jump in a half-pipe is held by Joffrey Pollet-Villard, with 26 feet 3 inches (8.00 metres). The sport is considered to be dangerous compared to other sports, and helmets are required to be worn during competitions. Half-pipe skiing has been part of the Winter X Games since 2002, and made its Olympic debut at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. David Wise of the United States of America became the first Olympic champion in this discipline with a total of 92.00 points.
Blanche of Lancaster, Baroness Wake of Liddell
Blanche of Lancaster, Baroness Wake of Liddell (c. 1305 – c. 1380) was an English noblewoman. She was the eldest daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth. Blanche was named after her grandmother, Blanche of Artois, who had ruled Navarre as regent.

Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster (c. 1281 – 22 September 1345) was a grandson of King Henry III of England (1216–1272) and was one of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II (1307–1327), his first cousin.
Hashlife
Hashlife is a memoized algorithm for computing the long-term fate of a given starting configuration in Conway's Game of Life and related cellular automata, much more quickly than would be possible using alternative algorithms that simulate each time step of each cell of the automaton. The algorithm was first described by Bill Gosper in the early 1980s while he was engaged in research at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. Hashlife was originally implemented on Symbolics Lisp machines with the aid of the Flavors extension.

Hash consing
In computer science, particularly in functional programming, hash consing is a technique used to share values that are structurally equal. When a value is constructed, such as a cons cell, the technique checks if such a value has been constructed before, and if so reuses the previous value, avoiding a new memory allocation. A useful property of hash consing is that two structures can be tested for equality in constant time via pointer equality, which in turn can improve efficiency of divide and conquer algorithms when data sets contain overlapping blocks. Hash consing has been shown to give dramatic performance improvements—both space and time—for symbolic and dynamic programming algorithms.

Hash consing is most commonly implemented with hash tables storing weak references that may be garbage-collected when the data stored therein contains no references from outside the table.
Harmonization (standards)
Harmonization is the process of minimizing redundant or conflicting standards which may have evolved independently. The name is also an analogy to the process to harmonizing discordant music.

Harmonization is different from standardization. Harmonization involves a reduction in variation of standards, while standardization entails moving towards the eradication of any variation with the adoption of a single standard. The goal for standard harmonization is to find commonalities, identify critical requirements that need to be retained, and provide a common framework for standards setting organizations (SSO) to adopt. In some instances, businesses come together forming alliances or coalitions, also referred to multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSI) with a belief that harmonization could reduce compliance costs and simplify the process of meeting requirements. With potential to reduce complexity for those tasked with testing and auditing standards for compliance.

International standard
An international standard is a technical standard developed by one or more international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent such organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Other prominent international standards organizations including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Together, these three organizations have formed the World Standards Cooperation alliance.