hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anne Nivat
Anne Nivat (born June 18, 1969 in Poisy) is a French journalist and war correspondent who has covered conflicts in Chechnya, Iraq, and Afghanistan. She is known for interviews and character portraits in print of civilians, especially women, and their experiences of war.

Albert Londres Prize
The Albert Londres Prize is the highest French journalism award, named in honor of journalist Albert Londres. Created in 1932, it was first awarded in 1933 and is considered the French equivalent of the Pulitzer Prize. Three laureates are awarded each year. The three categories are: "best reporter in the written press", "best audiovisual reporter" and "best reporting book".
Earnest James Ujaama
Earnest James Ujaama (born 1966) is an American community activist and former terrorist.

A long-term resident of Seattle and well-known community activist, Ujaama was arrested under terrorism charges in July 2002, the first American to be detained on US soil while under investigation using the Patriot Act. Amid conflicting reports and media coverage of the extent of his involvement in terrorist networks, he was convicted three times of various offences, in 2003, 2007, and 2015. He cooperated extensively with the government and testified against other terrorists, and since 2015 has embarked upon an academic career.

Oussama Kassir
Oussama Abdallah Kassir (Arabic: أسامة عبدالله قصير; born 12 January 1966) is a Lebanese-born militant Islamist. He is a citizen of Sweden who served a prison sentence in Sweden on a number of violence and drug related offenses, and was later convicted by an American court for conspiring to support terrorism.
Rewanui Branch
The Rewanui Branch, sometimes referred to as the Rewanui Incline and known as the Point Elizabeth Branch in its early years, was a branch line railway located in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island.  It branched from the Midland Line near its western terminus in Greymouth and ran up to Rewanui in the Paparoa Ranges.  The branch closed in 1985 but the first six kilometres to Runanga remain in operation as part of the Rapahoe Branch.

Rimutaka Incline
The Rimutaka Incline was a 3-mile-long (4.8 km), 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge railway line on an average grade of 1-in-15 using the Fell system between Summit and Cross Creek stations on the Wairarapa side of the original Wairarapa Line in the Wairarapa district of New Zealand.  The term "Rimutaka Incline" is sometimes used incorrectly to refer to other parts or all of the closed and deviated section of the Wairarapa Line between Upper Hutt and Speedy's Crossing, near Featherston. The incline formation is now part of the Remutaka Rail Trail.
Matthew Hopkins
Matthew Hopkins (c. 1620 – 12 August 1647) was an English witch-hunter whose career flourished during the English Civil War. He was mainly active in East Anglia and claimed to hold the office of Witchfinder General, although that title was never bestowed by Parliament.

The son of a Puritan minister, Hopkins began his career as a witch-finder in March 1644 and lasted until his retirement in 1647. Hopkins and his colleague John Stearne sent more accused people to be  hanged for witchcraft than all the other witch-hunters in England of the previous 160 years, and were solely responsible for the increase in witch trials during those years.

His methods of investigating witchcraft drew heavy inspiration from the Daemonologie of King James I, which was directly cited in Hopkins's  non-fiction book The Discovery of Witches. Although torture was nominally unlawful in England, Hopkins often used techniques such as sleep deprivation to extract confessions from his victims.

Mistley
Mistley is a village and civil parish in the Tendring district of northeast Essex, England. It is around 11 miles northeast of Colchester and is east of, and almost contiguous with, Manningtree. The parish consists of Mistley and New Mistley, both lying beside the Stour Estuary, Mistley Heath, about a mile to the south, and Horsley Cross at the southern end of the parish. The village is in the parliamentary constituency of Harwich and North Essex. The village has its own parish council. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,956.

Mistley railway station serves Mistley on the Mayflower line.

Mistley is the location of one of five Cold War control rooms in Essex. Built in 1951, it was opened as a museum called the Secret Bunker in 1996 but closed in 2002.
Royal Air Force Museum London
The Royal Air Force Museum London (also commonly known as the RAF Museum) is located on the former Hendon Aerodrome, in North London's Borough of Barnet. It includes five buildings and hangars showing the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force. It is part of the Royal Air Force Museum.

There is another site at Royal Air Force Museum Midlands at RAF Cosford in Shropshire.

Royal Air Force Museum
The Royal Air Force Museum is a museum dedicated to the Royal Air Force in the United Kingdom. The museum is a non-departmental public body and is a registered charity. It has two public sites, Royal Air Force Museum London and Royal Air Force Museum Midlands at RAF Cosford in Shropshire.
Little Italy (1978 film)
Squadra antimafia, internationally released as Little Italy, is a 1978 Italian "poliziottesco"-comedy film directed by Bruno Corbucci. It is the fourth chapter in the Nico Giraldi film series starred by Tomas Milian.

Poliziotteschi
Poliziotteschi (Italian: [polittsjotˈteski]; sg.: poliziottesco) constitute a subgenre of crime and action films that emerged in Italy in the late 1960s and reached the height of their popularity in the 1970s. They are also known as polizieschi all'italiana,  Italo-crime, spaghetti crime films, or simply Italian crime films. Influenced primarily by both 1970s French crime films and gritty 1960s and 1970s American cop films and vigilante films (among other influences), poliziotteschi films were made amidst an atmosphere of socio-political turmoil in Italy known as Years of Lead and amidst increasing Italian crime rates. The films generally featured graphic and brutal violence, organized crime, car chases, vigilantism, heists, gunfights, and corruption up to the highest levels. The protagonists were generally tough working class loners, willing to act outside a corrupt or overly bureaucratic system.
Kool Aid & Frozen Pizza
"Kool Aid & Frozen Pizza" is a song by American rapper Mac Miller, released on July 26, 2010 as the second single from his fourth mixtape K.I.D.S. (2010). It contains a sample of "Hip 2 Da Game" by Lord Finesse.

K.I.D.S.
K.I.D.S. (backronym for Kickin' Incredibly Dope Shit) is the fourth mixtape by American rapper Mac Miller. It was released by Rostrum Records on August 13, 2010, through DatPiff. The title is a reference to the 1995 drama film Kids, which is quoted throughout the mixtape. It was later commercially released on April 29, 2020. A deluxe version was released on its 10th anniversary and includes two new tracks, "Ayye" and "Back In The Day".
Jaisalmer district
Jaisalmer district is the largest district in the Indian state of Rajasthan, and the third largest district in India. Located in Marwar (Jodhpur Division), the city of Jaisalmer is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is around 289 km (180 mi) from the city of Jodhpur, and around 559 km (347 mi) from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan. As of the 2011 population census, it is the least populous district out of all 50 districts in Rajasthan. Jaisalmer district is located in western part of the state.

Pokhran
Pokhran (official spelling Pokaran; Hindi: पोकरण) is a town and a municipality located 112 km east of Jaisalmer city in the Jaisalmer district of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated in the Thar Desert region. Surrounded by rocks, sand and five salt ranges, the word "Pokaran" (पोकरण) means "place surrounded by five salt-ranges" in Rajasthani. The site for India's first and second underground nuclear weapon test is near Pokhran.
2018 Hong Kong bus accident
On 10 February 2018, at approximately 18:13 HKT, a Kowloon Motor Bus (KMB) double-decker bus flipped onto its side on Tai Po Road in Tai Po, New Territories. The crash killed 19 people and injured 65.

The incident, also known as the 872 accident (Chinese: 872意外) after the number of the route the bus was traveling on, was Hong Kong's second-deadliest road traffic accident, behind a 2003 incident on Tuen Mun Road which killed 21.

In July 2020, the bus captain was sentenced to imprisonment for 14 years over the crash. In addition, he is no longer allowed to drive any vehicles.

Kowloon Motor Bus
The Kowloon Motor Bus Company (1933) Limited (KMB) is a bus company operating franchised services in Hong Kong. It is the largest bus company in Hong Kong by fleet size and number of bus routes, with over 4,000 buses - mostly double deckers - and 420 routes. It is a subsidiary of Transport International.
Diocese of Nyasaland
The Diocese of Nyasaland (known as the Diocese of Malawi from 1964 to 1971) was an Anglican diocese in Central Africa centered on Lake Malawi. Growing out of the missionary activity of David Livingstone and the Universities' Mission to Central Africa, it officially became a diocese with the appointment of a bishop of Nyasaland in 1892. Its territory narrowed to the boundaries of present-day Malawi over time with the development of Anglicanism in Africa, and it remained a diocese until being divided between the Diocese of Lake Malawi and the Diocese of Southern Malawi in 1971. Headquartered at St Peter's Cathedral on Likoma Island, the bishop of Nyasaland was at times known as the Bishop of Likoma.

St Peter's Cathedral, Likoma
St Peter's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral on the island of Likoma in Lake Malawi. It was founded as a mission station that became the inland African headquarters of the Universities' Mission to Central Africa (UMCA). The cathedral was begun in 1903 and completed in 1911. It became the seat of a diocese whose boundaries and name have shifted over time; today it is the seat of the bishop of Northern Malawi in the Church of the Province of Central Africa. The Gothic Revival cathedral, made largely of granite quarried on Likoma, features a cruciform plan with two towers at the west end and a double-ended apsidal layout inspired by Carolingian and Ottonian churches. The high cathedral style of St Peter's reflected the UMCA's Anglo-Catholic and Tractarian commitments. At 17,600 square feet (1,640 m2), the building was reported by The Guardian to be the third-largest cathedral in Africa as of 2016.
Kauraka Kauraka
Kauraka Kauraka (5 September 1951 – 1997) was a Cook Islands writer.  He was born in Avatiu on Rarotonga, the main island of the Cooks, and educated at the University of the South Pacific in Suva, Fiji, and the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. He published six collections of poems in the English and Rarotongan languages.  When Kauraka died in 1997, he was buried on the atoll of Manihiki, northern Cooks. He was the brother of artist and writer Tepaeru Tereora.

Tepaeru Tereora
Mere Tepaeru Tereora QSM (born 1934) is a Cook Islands artist and educator. Her Tivaevae work is internationally recognised and displayed in  the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. She is also a significant figure in the revival of Cook Islands Māori, establishing language nests for it in New Zealand. She is the sister of writer Kauraka Kauraka.
Mining and Chemical Combine
The Mining and Chemical Combine is a nuclear facility in Russia. It was established in 1950 to produce plutonium for weapons. It is in the closed city Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai. The company is currently part of the Rosatom group.

The site had three underground nuclear reactors using cooling water from the Yenisei river: AD (1958), ADE-1 (1961) and ADE-2 (1965). ADE-2 was shut down in 2010 in accord with the 1997 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement (Plutonium Production Reactor Agreement) with the United States. It also provided heat and electricity for the area, which was its main function after 1993.

The complex has an interim storage facility. There is also a 60 t/year commercial mixed oxide (MOX) fuel fabrication facility (MFFF). It employs 7000 people.

The MOX production line completed a 10 kg batch in September 2014.

The city has a Mining and Chemical Combine museum.

Zheleznogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai
Zheleznogorsk (Russian: Железного́рск), formerly known as Krasnoyarsk-26 (Красноя́рск-26), is a closed town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, with a developed nuclear industry. The town has a population of 84,795 (2010 Census).
Fred Nesler
Fred L. Nesler (born August 2, 1944) is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1993 to 2013. Nesler was first elected in 1992 after defeating incumbent representative Robbie Castleman in the May primary election. He resigned from the house in 2012 and was succeeded by Republican Richard Heath.

Richard Heath
Richard Heath (born August 9, 1955) is an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 2012 to 2025. He represented Kentucky's 2nd House district, which included Graves County and part of McCracken County.
Marion Mainwaring
Marion Jessie Mainwaring (April 21, 1922 – December 12, 2015) was an American writer, translator, and critic.

Mainwaring is best known as the author who completed Edith Wharton's novel The Buccaneers, published in 1993. She earlier assisted R. W. B. Lewis in researching his Pulitzer- and Bancroft-prize-winning 1976 biography of Wharton.

She wrote the novels Murder in Pastiche: or Nine Detectives All at Sea (1954), parodying nine famous fictional detectives, and Murder at Midyears (1953), based on her experiences in teaching at Mount Holyoke College. She translated Youth and Age: Three Novellas by Ivan Turgenev and edited The Portrait Game, records of a parlor game played by Turgenev and his friends. Her last major work was Mysteries of Paris: The Quest for Morton Fullerton (2001), a biography of Wharton's lover.

She graduated from Simmons College (BA) and Harvard University (PhD).

William Morton Fullerton
William Morton Fullerton (18 September 1865 – 26 August 1952) was an American print journalist, author and foreign correspondent for The Times. Today he is best known for having a mid-life affair with Pulitzer Prize-winning author Edith Wharton.
EThekwini Metropolitan Municipality
The eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala weDolobhakazi laseThekwini) is a metropolitan municipality, created in 2000, that includes the city of Durban and surrounding towns. eThekwini is one of the 11 districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. As of 2011, the majority of its 3,442,361 inhabitants spoke isiZulu.

Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)
In South Africa, a metropolitan municipality or metro, is a municipality which executes all the functions of local government for a city or conurbation. This is by contrast to areas which are primarily rural, where the local government is divided into district municipalities and local municipalities.

There are a total of eight metros located in five of South Africa's nine provinces. The seats of some metros serve as provincial capitals, namely Cape Town, Johannesburg, and Bloemfontein. Three of SA's metros serve as the joint capitals of South Africa - Cape Town, Pretoria, and Bloemfontein.
Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey
The Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Clarkson University. The Golden Knights have been a member of ECAC Hockey since 1962, and play their home games at Cheel Arena in Potsdam, New York. While Clarkson lore has it that their first hockey game was played in 1916 against the Hogansburg Indians, the team was established as a hockey club in 1921, led by captain Bill Johnson. The Knights won their opening encounter against Alexandria Bay, 6–4, and finished the year with a 2–1 record, their first of many winning seasons.

Tri-State League (ice hockey)
The Tri-State League was an NCAA Division I ice hockey-only conference.  The league was the first attempt at creating a conference for hockey programs and, while it did not succeed in its goals, succeeding conferences were able to learn from the mistakes made and flaws in its design to form effective and long-lasting divisions.
John Miller (cricketer)
John Edward Augustus Riggs Miller (1770 – 2 August 1825) was an English cricketer with amateur status who played for Old Etonians in one match in 1791, totalling 9 runs with a highest score of 9.

Miller was born in Paris, the son of Sir John Riggs Miller and his wife Anna, Lady Miller. He succeeded to his father's baronetcy in May 1798.

John Riggs Miller
Sir John Riggs-Miller, 1st Baronet (c. 1744 – 28 May 1798) was an Anglo-Irish politician who championed reform of the customary system of weights and measures in favour of a scientifically founded system.
Nogent-le-Rotrou
Nogent-le-Rotrou (French pronunciation: [nɔʒɑ̃ lə ʁɔtʁu]) is a commune in the department of Eure-et-Loir, northern France.

It is a sub-prefecture and is located on the river Huisne, 56 kilometres west of Chartres on the RN23 and 150 kilometres south west of Paris, to which it is linked by both rail and motorway.

Perche
Perche (French pronunciation: [pɛʁʃ] ⓘ) (French: le Perche) is a former province of France, known historically for its forests and, for the past two centuries, for the Percheron draft horse breed. Until the French Revolution, Perche was bounded by four ancient territories of northwestern France: the provinces of Maine, Normandy, and Orléanais, and the region of Beauce. Afterwards it was absorbed into the present-day departments of Orne and Eure-et-Loir, with small parts in the neighboring departments of Eure, Loir-et-Cher, and Sarthe.
Umibōzu
Umibōzu (海坊主; Japanese pronunciation: [ɯ.mʲi.boꜜː.(d)zɯ, ɯꜜ.mʲi.boː-], lit. 'sea priest') is a yōkai from Japanese folklore that has the form of a giant, black, human-like being.

Little is known of the origin of umibōzu but it is a mythical sea-spirit creature and as such has multiple sightings throughout Japan. Normally, umibōzu appears to sailors on calm seas which quickly turn tumultuous. It either breaks the ship on emergence or demands a ladle from the sailors and proceeds to drown them. The only safe way to escape an umibōzu is to give it a bottomless ladle and sail away while it is confused.

The monster is known by other near-synonymous names such Umihōshi (海法師) or Uminyūdō (海入道).

Sea monk
The sea monk (also monk-fish or monkfish) was a sea creature found off the eastern coast of the Danish island of Zealand in 1546. It was described as a "fish" that outwardly resembled a human monk in his habit.
Harry Saltzman
Herschel "Harry" Saltzman (/ˈsɔːltsmən/; (1915-10-27)October 27, 1915 – (1994-09-28)September 28, 1994) was a Canadian theatre and film producer. He is best remembered for co-producing the first nine of the James Bond film series with Albert R. Broccoli. Apart from a ten-year stint living in St. Petersburg, Florida, he lived most of his life in Denham, Buckinghamshire, England.

Tony Richardson
Cecil Antonio Richardson (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English theatre director and filmmaker, whose career spanned five decades. He was identified with the "angry young men" group of British directors and playwrights during the 1950s, and was later a key figure in the British New Wave filmmaking movement.

His films Look Back in Anger (1959), The Entertainer (1960), A Taste of Honey (1961), and The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner (1962) are considered classics of kitchen sink realism. He won the 1964 Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for the film Tom Jones. He was also a two-time BAFTA Award winner, and was twice nominated for the Palme d'Or.

With his wife Vanessa Redgrave, Richardson was the father to actresses Natasha Richardson and Joely Richardson.
Thanasis Vagias
Thanasis Vagias (Greek: Θανάσης Βάγιας; Albanian: Thanas Vaja; 1765–1834) was a Greek governor in the newly founded Greek state, who had previously served as a counselor and confidant of Ali Pasha, the Muslim Albanian ruler of the Pashalik of Yanina.

Loukas Vagias
Loukas Vagias (Greek: Λουκάς Βάγιας), also referred as Loukas Vaya, Lucas Bia, Lucca Vaya, Lluka (Luka) Vaja, was a Greek physician and participant in the Greek War of Independence. He is remembered as the personal doctor of Ali Pasha, the Phanariot nobleman Alexandros Mavrokordatos, and Lord Byron.
The Village (Anand novel)
The Village is a novel by Mulk Raj Anand first published in 1939. This book was the first of a trilogy that included Across the Black Waters and The Sword and the Sickle. The plot centers on India's political structure, specifically the British rule and the independence movement. The novel revolves around Lal Singh a peasant in the Punjab, his antics going against social norms while in the village, his subsequent enrollment in the army and his troubles in the army, culminating in his return to the village.

The Sword and the Sickle
The Sword and the Sickle is a novel by Mulk Raj Anand first published in 1942. Like his other novels, this one also deals with the topic of social and political structures, specifically, the rise of Communism. The title for the book was given to Anand by George Orwell. The novel was in keeping with British and American writings of the time. The book was the final part of the trilogy that included The Village and Across the Black Waters.

George Orwell's review of the novel highlights its significance in Indian English literature: "Therefore, although Mr Anand's novel would still be interesting on its own merits if it had been written by an Englishman, it is impossible to read it without remembering every few pages that it is also a cultural curiosity. The growth, especially during the last few years, of an English-language Indian literature is a strange phenomenon, and it will have its effect on the post-war world, if not on the outcome of the war itself."
Intrinsic value (finance)
In finance, the intrinsic value of an asset or security is its value as calculated with regard to an inherent, objective measure. As a distinction, the asset's price is determined relative to other similar assets.
The intrinsic approach to valuation may be somewhat simplified, in that it ignores elements other than the measure in question.

Strike price
In finance, the strike price (or exercise price) of an option is a fixed price at which the owner of the option can buy (in the case of a call), or sell (in the case of a put), the underlying security or commodity. The strike price may be set by reference to the spot price, which is the market price of the underlying security or commodity on the day an option is taken out. Alternatively, the strike price may be fixed at a discount or premium.

The strike price is a key variable in a derivatives contract between two parties. Where the contract requires delivery of the underlying instrument, the trade will be at the strike price, regardless of the market price of the underlying instrument at that time.
The Red Pen
The Red Pen is a two-act operetta and early radio opera composed by Geoffrey Toye to a libretto by A. P. Herbert.  The piece, described by its creators as "a sort of opera" was written for the BBC, following Herbert's successful Riverside Nights, and had a running time of about 90 minutes. It was first broadcast on the radio on 24 March 1925. It was broadcast again in 1927.

Radio opera
Radio opera (German: Funkoper or Radiooper) is a genre of opera. It refers to operas which were specifically composed to be performed on the radio and is not to be confused with broadcasts of operas which were originally written for the stage. Radio operas were generally shorter than staged operas and some occupied less than fifteen minutes. Plots were usually more straightforward than those of stage operas.