hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maria Theresia Löw
Maria Theresia Löw (27 March 1809 – 30 December 1885) was a German operatic soprano and harpist. She was born in Heidelberg, Germany.

After her musical education in Frankfurt by Heinrich Anton Föppel. A childhood friend of Richard Wagner, she first appeared at the Court Theatre in Kassel under the conductor and composer Louis Spohr. She married heldentenor Karl-August Lehmannde. Their daughters Lilli Lehmann and Marie Lehmann also became soprano singers. After separating from her husband about 1853, she took care of their vocal training. In addition to her daughters, she trained the voices of other singers of her era, working at the German Theatre in Prague where she lived from 1853.

Her uncle (father of her brother) Johannes Loew from Speyer was knighted by the Bavarian government. His daughter Amalie Löw married the politician Karl Theodor von Wrede. She died on 30 December 1885 at the age of 86 in Berlin.

Marie Lehmann (soprano)
Marie Lehmann (15 May 1851 – 19 December 1931) was a German operatic soprano. She had a coloratura soprano voice, but also appeared in Wagner's stage works, including the first complete performance of Der Ring des Nibelungen at the inaugural Bayreuth Festival in 1876, playing one of the Rhinemaidens.
Raw, North Yorkshire
Raw is a hamlet in the county of North Yorkshire, England, near to the villages of Fylingthorpe, Robin Hood's Bay, and Hawsker. The hamlet is mostly agricultural in nature and it lies 0.5-mile (0.8 km) north-west of Fylingthorpe, 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south-east of Whitby, and due east of the A171 road.

Robin Hood's Bay
Robin Hood's Bay is a village in North Yorkshire, England. It is 6 miles (10 km) south of Whitby and 15 miles (24 km) north of Scarborough on the Yorkshire Coast. Robin Hood's Bay is a tourist destination in the North York Moors National Park.

It is an ancient chapelry of Fylingdales in the wapentake of Whitby Strand. It is on the Cleveland Way national trail and also the end point of Wainwright's Coast to Coast route.
Jeff Barry
Jeff Barry (born Joel Adelberg; April 3, 1938) is an American pop music songwriter, singer, and record producer. Among the most successful songs that he has co-written in his career are "Tell Laura I Love Her" (written with Ben Raleigh and a number 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart when it was recorded by Ricky Valance and number 7 in the US as sung by Ray Peterson), "Do Wah Diddy Diddy", "Da Doo Ron Ron", "Then He Kissed Me", "Be My Baby", "Chapel of Love", and "River Deep - Mountain High" (all written with his then-wife Ellie Greenwich and Phil Spector); "Leader of the Pack" (written with Greenwich and Shadow Morton); "Sugar, Sugar" (written with Andy Kim); "Without Us" (written with Tom Scott), and "I Honestly Love You" (written with Peter Allen).

Shadow Morton
George Francis "Shadow" Morton (September 3, 1941 – February 14, 2013) was an American record producer and songwriter best known for his influential work in the 1960s.  In particular, he was noted for writing and producing "Remember (Walking in the Sand)", "Leader of the Pack", and other hits for girl group the Shangri-Las.
Β-Galactosidase
β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23, beta-gal or β-gal; systematic name β-D-galactoside galactohydrolase) is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing β-D-galactose residues in β-D-galactosides. (This enzyme digests many β-Galactosides, not just lactose. It is sometimes loosely referred to as lactase but that name is generally reserved for mammalian digestive enzymes that break down lactose specifically.)

β-Galactosides include carbohydrates containing galactose where the glycosidic bond lies above the galactose molecule. Substrates of different β-galactosidases include ganglioside GM1, lactosylceramides, lactose, and various glycoproteins.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Cosford Hundred
Cosford was a hundred of Suffolk, consisting of 30,712 acres (124.29 km2).

The hundred consisted of Hadleigh, the only town of any size, and seventeen other parishes in western Suffolk. The area is undulating and agriculturally-fertile with clay soil, watered by the River Brett and its tributary streams. It is about twelve miles (19 km) in length from north to south and around five wide, and is bounded by the Hundreds of Samford, Babergh, Thedwestry, Stow and Bosmere and Claydon.

Cosford was in Coxford Union in the Liberty of St Edmund and in the Deanery and Archdeaconry of Sudbury. The area was until the nineteenth century part of the diocese of Norwich until it was moved to that of Ely. Hadleigh itself however is a peculiar of the Archbishop of Canterbury.

Listed as Cursforde in the Domesday Book and subsequently known for a period as Corsford or Corsforth, the name Cosford means "ford of the river Cors or Corsa".

Bosmere and Claydon Hundred
Bosmere and Claydon was a hundred of Suffolk, consisting of 31,850 acres (128.9 km2).

The hundred is a fertile and picturesque district varying from 8 to about 12 miles (19 km) in length and breadth. It is bounded on the south by the Borough of Ipswich and Samford Hundred, on the west by Cosford and Stow Hundreds on the north by Hartismere and Thredling Hundreds and on the east by Carlford Hundred. It falls in the Deaneries of Bosmere and Claydon in the Archdeaconry of Suffolk and Diocese of Norwich.

Its clay soil has long been associated with agriculture, and is suited to grain production. It is crossed by the River Gipping which becomes the River Orwell at Ipswich on becoming an estuary. Its main settlement is the town of Needham Market.

The hundred's name is taken from the parish of Claydon which falls within its bounds, and Bosmere, originally "Bosa's mere", a small lake near Needham Market in the grounds of Bosmere Hall.
Kisbey
Kisbey (2016 population: 153) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Brock No. 64 and Census Division No. 1. The village took its name from Richard Claude Kisbey (d. 1941), an Irish immigrant who settled in Estevan.

Division No. 1, Saskatchewan
Division No. 1 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the southeast corner of the province, bordering Manitoba and North Dakota. The most populous community in this division is Estevan.
Volkswagen Touareg
The Volkswagen Touareg (German pronunciation: [ˈtuːaʁɛk]) is a mid-size luxury crossover SUV produced by Volkswagen since 2002. The vehicle is named after the nomadic Tuareg people, inhabitants of the Saharan interior in North Africa. The Touareg was originally developed with the Porsche Cayenne and Audi Q7 and as of October 2020, the Touareg was developed with the Audi Q8, the Bentley Bentayga and the Lamborghini Urus, which shares their MLB Evo platform and chassis. The first generation (2002–2010) offered five, six, eight, ten, and twelve-cylinder engine choices.

Headlamp
A headlamp is a lamp attached to the front of a vehicle to illuminate the road ahead. Headlamps are also often called headlights, but in the most precise usage, headlamp is the term for the device itself and headlight is the term for the beam of light produced and distributed by the device.

Headlamp performance has steadily improved throughout the automobile age, spurred by the great disparity between daytime and nighttime traffic fatalities: the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration states that nearly half of all traffic-related fatalities occur in the dark, despite only 25% of traffic travelling during darkness.

Other vehicles, such as trains and aircraft, are required to have headlamps. Bicycle headlamps are often used on bicycles, and are required in some jurisdictions. They can be powered by a battery or a small generator like a bottle or hub dynamo.
John Forester (cyclist)
John Forester (7 October 1929 – 14 April 2020) was an English-American industrial engineer, specializing in bicycle transportation engineering. As cycling activist, he was known as "the father of vehicular cycling", for creating the Effective Cycling program of bicycle training along with its associated book of the same title, and for coining the phrase "the vehicular cycling principle" – "Cyclists fare best when they act and are treated as drivers of vehicles". His published works also included Bicycle Transportation: A Handbook for Cycling Transportation Engineers.

His works have come under criticism for posturing personal preference as fact, for  strongly influencing American traffic engineering in the 1980s against building dedicated cycling infrastructure, and for ignoring peer-reviewed research around cyclist fatality rates on roadways when comparing dedicated cycling infrastructure against vehicular cycling.

C. S. Forester
Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), best known by his pen name C.S. Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare, such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic Wars.

The Hornblower novels A Ship of the Line and Flying Colours were jointly awarded the 1938 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. Other works include The African Queen and The Good Shepherd, both of which were later adapted as movies.

During World War II, he moved to the United States where he worked for the British Ministry of Information, writing propaganda for the Allied cause. He eventually settled in Fullerton, California, where he died in 1966 of complications arising from a stroke.
Amir Vali
Amir Vali (also spelled Wali) was the ruler of Astarabad and parts of Mazandaran from 1356 until 1366, and again from c. 1374 until 1384. His relatively long reign was dominated by conflict with the Sarbadars and the Jalayirids, and ended only upon the arrival of Timur into eastern Persia.

Togha Temür
Togha Temür (died December 1353), also known as Ṭaghāytīmūr, was a claimant to the throne of the Ilkhanate in the mid-14th century. Of the many individuals who attempted to become Il khan after the death of Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, Togha Temür was the only one who hailed from eastern Iran, and was the last major candidate who was of the house of Genghis Khan. His base of power was Gorgan and western Khorasan. His name means "Bowl/Pot Iron" in Middle Mongol.
Treaty of Aranjuez (1780)
The Treaty of Aranjuez was signed on December 25, 1780, between Spain and Morocco. Based on the terms of the treaty, Morocco recognized Spanish rule over Melilla. The treaty defused tensions, lessening the chance that Morocco would agree to British requests to declare war on the Spanish, as in 1774.

Siege of Melilla (1774–1775)
The siege of Melilla was an attempt by the Sultanate of Morocco, supported by  Algerian mercenaries, to capture the Spanish fortress of Melilla on the Moroccan Mediterranean coast. Mohammed ben Abdallah, then Sultan of Morocco, invaded Melilla in December 1774 with a large army of Royal Moroccan soldiers and Algerian mercenaries. The city was defended by a small garrison under Irish-born Governor Don Juan Sherlocke until the siege was lifted by a relief fleet in March 1775.
Jacob Owen
Jacob Owen   FRIAI MRIA CEng FIEI FRZSI (28 July 1778 – 29 October 1870) was a British architect, civil engineer, and public administrator of the nineteenth century. His architectural work is most closely associated with Dublin, Ireland. He also contributed extensively to shaping public architecture throughout Ireland, through his design and oversight of schools, asylums, prisons and other public buildings associated with British rule.

Tyrone House, Dublin
Tyrone House is a Georgian Palladian style mansion townhouse built for Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone in 1740. It was constructed on lands bordering Marlborough Street in what was to become a fashionable part of North Dublin city off Sackville Street. It was one of the first substantial aristocratic houses built on the North side of Dublin city.

The house was situated overlooking Marlborough Bowling Green, which was then a fashionable enclave where the wealthy elite could socialize until it fell out of favour following the death of Lord Delvin in a duel in 1761.
Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.

St Mary's Church, Battersea
St Mary's Church, Battersea is an Anglican church in Greater London. It the oldest of the churches in Battersea, London Borough of Wandsworth, in the inner south-west of the UK's capital city. Its parish is shared by three Anglican churches is in the Diocese of Southwark. Christians have worshipped at the site continuously since around 800 AD. It is a Grade I listed building for its combined heritage and architectural merit.
Codroipo
Codroipo (Friulian: Codroip) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Udine.

Codroipo borders the following municipalities: Basiliano, Bertiolo, Camino al Tagliamento, Lestizza, Mereto di Tomba, San Vito al Tagliamento, Sedegliano, Valvasone Arzene, Varmo.

The village of Rivolto (Friulian: Rivolt) hosts the Italian Air Force acrobatic flight squadron, the Frecce Tricolori.

Mereto di Tomba
Mereto di Tomba (Friulian: Merêt di Tombe) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Udine.

Mereto di Tomba borders the following municipalities: Basiliano, Codroipo, Coseano, Fagagna, San Vito di Fagagna, Sedegliano and Pasian di Prato.
University of Quindío
The University of Quindío (Spanish: Universidad del Quindío), is a public institution and department in Colombia, under the Ministry of Education; Its headquarters are located in Armenia, Quindío, Colombia.

It has 32 undergraduate academic programs and 16 postgraduate. It has 31 research groups, 14 of them categorized and recognized by Colciencias: 2 Category A, 4 Category B and 8 in class C.

Armenia, Colombia
Armenia (Spanish pronunciation: [aɾˈme.nja]) is the capital of  Quindío Department in the South American country of Colombia. Armenia is a medium-sized city and part of the "coffee axis" along with Pereira and Manizales. It is one of the main centers of the national economy and of the Colombian coffee growing axis. As a result, the historic center of Armenia was named as part of the "Coffee Cultural Landscape" of UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.
Milton Earl Beebe
Milton Earle Beebe (November 27, 1840 – February 3, 1923) was an American architect who designed numerous buildings in Buffalo, New York, in Fargo, North Dakota, and elsewhere. He designed courthouses "at Warren, Smethport, Cambria, and Huntingdon in Pennsylvania, costing $100,000 each." Several are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. He also designed Early Commercial architecture buildings, residences, churches and public buildings.

Cassadaga, New York
Cassadaga (a Seneca Indian word meaning "water beneath the rocks") is a village in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The village is located within the northeast corner of the town of Stockton, east of the hamlet of Stockton, south of and immediately adjacent to Lily Dale in the town of Pomfret, and north of the village of Sinclairville. As of the 2020 census, the population of Cassadaga was 569.
Gottskálksannáll
Gottskálksannáll (from Old Norse, "Gottskálk's Annal") is a medieval Icelandic manuscript, named for its presumed author, Gottskálk Jónsson, a priest at Glaumbær, Skagafjörður, in the north of Iceland. Unlike other similar annals, it was not written during the period it chronicles, but rather in the second half of the 16th century. Gottskálksannáll. Despite the fact that these annals were written later on, they provide a significant amount of information about events in the 14th century, including details about monastic culture, especially between 1300 and 1394. However, given that these accounts were written after the fact, their contents must be considered cautiously. Some speculate that the entries from between 636 and 1394 come from annals that are now lost.

Glaumbær
Glaumbær is an Icelandic town and church site in the middle of Langholt, west of Héraðsvötn in Skagafjörður, formerly a part of the rural municipality Seyluhreppur. It is now home to the Skagafjörður Folk Museum.
Trapped Under Ice
Trapped Under Ice is an American hardcore punk band from Baltimore, Maryland that was formed in 2007. Since then they have released an EP and three full-length albums. Taking influence from New York hardcore, the band has toured all over the world and was signed to Reaper Records. On August 11, 2013, Trapped Under Ice played its last show at Philadelphia's The Electric Factory at This Is Hardcore Festival 2013. The band announced their reunion in early 2015. In 2017 they released their third LP, Heatwave, on Pop Wig Records.

Madball
Madball is an American New York hardcore band. Originated in the late 1980s as a side project of Agnostic Front, the band developed after Agnostic Front's vocalist Roger Miret would let his younger half-brother Freddy Cricien take the microphone and perform lead vocals during Agnostic Front shows. Following Agnostic Front's 1992 disbandment, Madball became the members' main project and many became a part of the band who were never in Agnostic Front. They have released nine studio albums and four EPs.
Thamyris Glacier
Thamyris Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Тамирис, romanized: lednik Tamiris, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik tɐˈmiris]) is a 3 km long and 2.8 km wide glacier draining the east slopes of the Trojan Range on Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.  Situated east of Iliad Glacier, south of Rhesus Glacier and northwest of Kleptuza Glacier.  Flowing northeastwards into Fournier Bay south of Predel Point and north of Madzharovo Point.

The glacier is named after the Thracian singer Thamyris in Homer's Iliad.

Madzharovo Point
Madzharovo Point (Bulgarian: нос Маджарово, ‘Nos Madzharovo’ \'nos ma-'dzha-ro-vo\) is a point on the southwest coast of Fournier Bay in Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica separating the termini of Thamyris Glacier to the northwest and Kleptuza Glacier to the southeast.

The point is named after the town of Madzharovo in southeastern Bulgaria.
Kuki–Paite Conflict
The Kuki–Paite Conflict, also called Kuki–Zomi Conflict, was an ethnic conflict during 1997–1998 between tribal communities in Churachandpur district in Manipur, India. The cause of the conflict may be regarded as the desire for leadership within the tribes, pitting one group that subscribed to the Kuki label against another group that subscribed to the Zomi label, the latter being led by the Paites. The conflict started in June 1997 and lasted for over year, during which 352 people died, thousands of homes were destroyed and over 13,000 people were displaced. The Government of India sent in the Indian Army to attempt to stop the violence, but peace was restored in September–October 1998 only with the initiative of the Church.

Kuki people
The Kuki people, or Kuki-Zo people, are an ethnic group in the Northeastern Indian states of Manipur, Nagaland, Assam,  Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, as well as the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar. The Kukis form one of the largest hill tribe communities in this region. In Northeast India, they are present in all states except Arunachal Pradesh. The Chin people of Myanmar and the Mizo people of Mizoram are kindred tribes of the Kukis. Collectively, they are termed the Zo people.

Some fifty tribes of Kuki peoples in India are recognised as scheduled tribes in India, based on the dialect spoken by that particular Kuki community as well as their region of origin.
Xeremia
The xeremia (Catalan pronunciation: [ʃəɾəˈmi.ə], plural xeremies) is a type of bagpipe native to the island of Majorca (Mallorca). It consists of a bag made of skin (or modern synthetic materials), known as a sac or sarró which retains the air, a blowpipe (bufador), a melody pipe or chanter (grall), and several, generally three, drones (bordons). The primary drone (roncó) sounds a tonic note, but the other drones are sometimes simply false drones for ornamentation.

The xeremia has a distinctively bright and piercing sound, which has traditionally accompanied festivals and other activities in the islands throughout history.

Bagpipes
The bagpipe is a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Great Highland bagpipe is well known, but people have played bagpipes for centuries throughout large parts of Europe, North Africa, West Asia, around the Persian Gulf and northern parts of South Asia.

The term bagpipes is also used, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as "the pipes", "a set of pipes" or "a stand of pipes".

Bagpipes are part of the aerophone group because to play the instrument,  air must be blown into it to produce a sound.
Janne Virtanen
Janne Virtanen (born 16 November 1969) is a Finnish former strongman who won the World's Strongest Man championship in 2000. He was runner-up in 1999 and finished third in 2001. His other championships include four-time Finland's Strongest Man (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001), Helsinki Grand Prix (2000), and the Turkey Grand Prix in 2002 in Istanbul. He also won second place in Europe's Strongest Man twice, third place in World Muscle Power Classic and won World's Strongest Team four times with Jouko Ahola, Pasi Paavisto and Juha-Matti Räsänen.

Following his second consecutive failure to reach the final of the World's Strongest Man in 2007, he announced his retirement but entered into the third qualifying heat of the competition in 2008 as his last appearance.

He currently works as a heavy duty carpenter in Finland.

Jouko Ahola
Jouko Ahola (born 1 December 1970) is a Finnish former strongman, powerlifter and actor. He is a two times World's Strongest Man winner, a two times Europe's Strongest Man winner, and a World Muscle Power Classic winner.

With a career 48% international winning percentage with 12 wins, he is also regarded as one of the best pound for pound strongmen in history.