hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chris Murphy
Christopher Scott  Murphy (born August 3, 1973) is an American lawyer, author, and politician serving since 2013 as the junior United States senator from Connecticut. A member of the Democratic Party, he served from 2007 to 2013 in the United States House of Representatives, representing Connecticut's 5th congressional district.

Before being elected to Congress, Murphy was a member of both chambers of the Connecticut General Assembly, serving two terms each in the Connecticut House of Representatives (1999–2003) and the Connecticut Senate (2003–2007).

Murphy ran for the U.S. Senate in 2012 after longtime incumbent Joe Lieberman announced his retirement. Murphy defeated former Connecticut secretary of state Susan Bysiewicz in the Democratic primary and Republican nominee Linda McMahon in the general election. Aged 39 at the time, Murphy was the youngest senator of the 113th Congress. He was reelected in 2018 and 2024.

Nancy Johnson
Nancy Elizabeth Johnson (née Lee; born January 5, 1935) is an American lobbyist and politician from the state of Connecticut. Johnson was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 2007, representing the 6th district and later the 5th District after reapportionment.

In September 2007, Johnson began lobbying for Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC in Washington, D.C.
HMS Nereus (1821)
HMS Nereus was a 46-gun modified Leda-class fifth-rate frigate built for the Royal Navy during the 1810s. She was never commissioned and was converted into a store ship in 1843 for service in South America. The ship was sold for into civilian service in 1879.

Leda-class frigate
The Leda-class frigates were a ship class of forty-seven 38-gun fifth-rate frigates constructed from 1805 to 1832 for the Royal Navy. Based on a French design, the class came in five major groups, all with minor differences in their design. During their careers, they fought in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. Forty-five of the 47 were eventually scrapped; two still exist: HMS Trincomalee and HMS Unicorn.
Battle of Tamai
The Battle of Tamai (or Tamanieh) took place on 13 March 1884 between a British force under Sir Gerald Graham and a Mahdist Sudanese army led by Osman Digna.

Despite his earlier victory at El Teb, Graham realised that Osman Digna's force was far from broken and that he still enjoyed support among the local population. Accordingly, a second expedition departed from Suakin on 10 March in order to defeat the Mahdists definitively.

The force was composed of the same units that had fought at El Teb: 4,500 men, with 22 guns and 6 machine guns. The Mahdists had roughly 10,000 men, most of them belonging to Osman Digna's Hadendoa tribe (known to British soldiers as "Fuzzy Wuzzies" for their unique hair).

Black Watch
The Black Watch, 3rd Battalion, Royal Regiment of Scotland (3 SCOTS) is an infantry battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland. The regiment was created as part of the Childers Reforms in 1881, when the 42nd (Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot (The Black Watch) was amalgamated with the 73rd (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot. It was known as The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders) from 1881 to 1931 and The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) from 1931 to 2006. Part of the Scottish Division for administrative purposes from 1967, it was the senior Highland regiment. It has been part of the Scottish, Welsh and Irish Division for administrative purposes since 2017.
Ounet
Ounet is a town and arrondissement in the Alibori Department of northern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Banikoara. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 3,790.

Arrondissements of Benin
Arrondissements are administrative units of Benin, after departments and communes. In turn they contain villages and may often have several quartiers or city districts/urban neighborhoods. There are currently 545 arrondissements.

The arrondissements, ordered by department and commune, are as follows:
Borgman, West Virginia
Borgman is an unincorporated community in Preston County, West Virginia, United States.

Borgman is located three miles west southwest from Kingwood. It is 2,280 feet (690 m) above sea level.

The area was named after a pioneer settler.

Preston County, West Virginia
Preston County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 34,216. Its county seat is Kingwood. The county was formed from Monongalia County in 1818 and named for Virginia Governor James Patton Preston.

Preston County is part of the Morgantown, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is the southernmost county of the Pittsburgh media market. It is the home of The Buckwheat Festival, a county fair known for making buckwheat pancakes.
Suusamyr Too
Suusamyr Too (Kyrgyz: Суусамыр тоо кыркасы) is a mountain range in internal Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan. It separates Suusamyr Valley and Toluk Saragat Valley. The length of the range is 126 km, and height up to 4048m. It is composed of granite, and schist of lower Paleozoic.

Tian Shan
The Tian Shan, also known as the Tengri Tagh or Tengir-Too, is a large system of mountain ranges in Central Asia. The highest peak is Jengish Chokusu at 7,439 metres (24,406 ft) high and located in Kyrgyzstan. Its lowest point is at the Turpan Depression, which is 154 m (505 ft) below sea level.

The Tian Shan is sacred in Tengrism. Its second-highest peak is known as Khan Tengri, which can be translated as "Lord of the Spirits". At the 2013 Conference on World Heritage, the eastern portion of Tian Shan in western China's Xinjiang Region was listed as a World Heritage Site. The western portion in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan was then listed in 2016.
Xinning County
Xinning County (Chinese: 新宁县; pinyin: Xīnníng Xiàn) is a county in the Province of Hunan, China, it is under the administration of Shaoyang City. Located on the south western margin of Hunan, the county is bordered to the northeast by Shaoyang County, to the northwest by Wugang City, to the west by Chengbu Autonomous County, to the south by Ziyuan County of Guangxi, to the east by Dong'an County. Xinning County covers 2,756.13 km2 (1,064.15 sq mi), as of 2015, it had a registered population of 649,700 and a permanent resident population of 574,100. The county has eight towns and eight townships under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Jinshi (金石镇).

Shaoyang
Shaoyang (simplified Chinese: 邵阳; traditional Chinese: 邵陽; pinyin: Shàoyáng), formerly named Baoqing (Paoking) (Chinese: 宝庆), is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Hunan province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south. It has a history of 2500 years and remains an important commercial and transportation city in Hunan. As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 6,563,520 inhabitants, of whom 1,415,173 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of three urban districts and Xinshao County largely conurbated.

One of the major forest areas in Hunan, Shaoyang has a forest coverage of 42.7%. The 23,000,000-acre (93,000 km2) NanShan Pastures is one of the biggest in South Central China and provide dairy products and meat for Hunanese.

Shaoyang is home to Shaoyang University. The school is composed of the former Shaoyang Normal College and Shaoyang College.

The Shaoyang dialect of Lou Shao group of dialects of Xiang is generally spoken here.
Tina Glory-Jordan
Tina Glory-Jordan is a Cherokee jurist and former politician serving as a justice of the Cherokee Nation Supreme Court since 2023. She was previously the secretary of state from 2019 to 2023. Glory-Jordan was a tribal councilor for district 1 from 2007 to 2015 during which time she was elected speaker of the council.

Cherokee Nation Tribal Council
The Cherokee Nation tribal council (officially: Council of the Cherokee Nation; Cherokee: ᏗᏂᎧᎾᏩᏗᏙᎯ ᎠᏂᏯᎥᎢ, romanized: dinikahnawadidohi aniyavvi) is the legislative branch of the Cherokee Nation. One councilor is elected to represent each of the 15 districts of the Cherokee Nation in the 14 county tribal jurisdictional area. Two tribal council members represent the at-large citizenry – those who live outside the tribe's 14-county jurisdictional area in northeastern Oklahoma. The 17 councilors total are elected to staggered four-year terms.
Hirano Tsukaanayama Kofun
Hirano Kofun cluster (平野古墳群) is a cluster of at least six Kofun period burial mounds, located in the Hirano neighborhood of the town of Kashiba, Nara prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. One of these tumuli, the Hirano Tsukaanayama Kofun (平野塚穴山古墳) was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1973.

Kashiba, Nara
Kashiba (香芝市, Kashiba-shi) is a city located in Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2024, the city had an estimated population of 78,357 in 33199 households, and a population density of 3200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 24.26 km2 (9.37 sq mi).
Bintang Mountains
The Bintang Mountains (Malay: Banjaran Bintang) are mountain range, part of the Tenasserim Hills, that encompasses the states of Kedah and Perak, Malaysia. It runs from the province of Yala, southern Thailand in the north, straddling along the Kedah–Perak border and ends in the south near Beruas, Manjung District, western Perak. Within Perak, the mountain range forms a natural boundary between the districts of Kuala Kangsar and Hulu Perak in the east and Larut, Matang and Selama in the west. It borders the Titiwangsa Mountains, Peninsular Malaysia's chief mountain range, to its east. The range divides the basins of Kerian and Perak Rivers in the west and east respectively.

Mount Bintang, the range's namesake, is the highest peak at 1,882 m (6,174 ft) above sea level. Several of other prominent peaks that are part of the range are Bukit Bokbak (1,199 m [3,933 ft]), Gunung Inas (1,801 m [5,909 ft]), Gunung Bubu (1,657 m) and Gunung Ulu Jernih (1,577 m [5,174 ft]).

Mount Bintang
Mount Bintang (Malay: Gunung Bintang) is a mountain on the border of the states of Kedah and Perak in the Bintang Mountains, Malaysia, specifically on the quadripoint between the districts of Kulim, Baling, Larut, Matang and Selama and Hulu Perak. Its summit is 1,862 m (6,109 ft) above sea level. It is the highest mountain in the state of Kedah.
Rainer Ludwig Claisen
Rainer Ludwig Claisen (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnɐ ˈklaɪzn̩]; 14 January 1851 – 5 January 1930) was a German chemist best known for his work with condensations of carbonyls and sigmatropic rearrangements. He was born in Cologne as the son of a jurist and studied chemistry at the university of Bonn (1869), where he became a member of K.St.V. Arminia. He served in the army as a nurse in 1870–1871 and continued his studies at Göttingen University. He returned to the University of Bonn in 1872 and started his academic career at the same university in 1874. He died in 1930 in Godesberg am Rhein (near Bonn).

Cinnamic acid
Cinnamic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H5−CH=CH−COOH. It is a white crystalline compound that is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in many organic solvents. Classified as an unsaturated carboxylic acid, it occurs naturally in a number of plants. It exists as both a cis and a trans isomer, although the latter is more common. The cis-isomer is called allocinnamic acid.
Ivanovo
Ivanovo (Russian: Иваново, IPA: [ɪˈvanəvə] ⓘ) is a city in Russia and the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located 254 kilometers (158 mi) northeast of Moscow and approximately 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Yaroslavl, Vladimir and Kostroma. Ivanovo has a population of 361,644 as of the 2021 Census, making it the 50th largest city in Russia. Until 1932, it was previously known as Ivanovo-Voznesensk. It is the youngest city of the Golden Ring of Russia.

The city lies on the Uvod River, in the centre of the eponymous oblast. Ivanovo gained city status in 1871, emerged as a major center for textile production, and began to be referred to as the "Russian Manchester". The city is served by Ivanovo Yuzhny Airport.

Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (/ˌjærəˈslævəl/; Russian: Ярославль, IPA: [jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ]) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279.
Slacker (film)
Slacker is a 1990 American comedy drama film written, produced, and directed by Richard Linklater, who also stars in it. Filmed around Austin, Texas, the film follows an ensemble cast of eccentric and misfit locals throughout a single day. Each character is on screen for only a few minutes before the film picks up someone else in the scene and follows them.

Slacker premiered at the USA Film Festival on April 21, 1990, and was released in the United States on July 5, 1991, by Orion Classics. The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed over $1 million against a production budget of $23,000. In 2012, Slacker was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Givenchy
Givenchy (US: /ʒiːvɒ̃ˈʃiː/, French: [ʒivɑ̃ʃi]) is a French luxury fashion and perfume house. It hosts the brand of haute couture and ready-to-wear clothing, accessories, perfumes and cosmetics of Parfums Givenchy. The house of Givenchy was founded in 1952 by designer Hubert de Givenchy and is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture et du Prêt-à-Porter. It is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH.

Haute couture
Haute couture is the creation of exclusive custom-fitted high-end fashion design. The term haute couture generally refers to a specific type of upper garment common in Europe during the 16th to the 18th century, or to the upper portion of a modern dress to distinguish it from the skirt and sleeves. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Paris became the centre of a growing industry that focused on making outfits from high-quality, expensive, often unusual fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finished by the most experienced and capable of sewers—often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques. Couture is also commonly used on its own as an abbreviation of haute couture, referring to the same concept in spirit.
Montà
Montà is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Turin and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Cuneo.

Montà borders the following municipalities: Canale, Cellarengo, Cisterna d'Asti, Ferrere, Pralormo, Santo Stefano Roero, and Valfenera.

Valfenera
Valfenera is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Asti.

Valfenera borders the following municipalities: Cantarana, Cellarengo, Dusino San Michele, Ferrere, Isolabella, Montà, and Villanova d'Asti.
Hjelmeland
Hjelmelandⓘ is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Ryfylke. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Hjelmelandsvågen. Other villages in the municipality include Fister, Årdal, and Jøsenfjorden.

Hjelmeland is known for its fruit (apples, pears, plums, cherries and strawberries) and fish production. Salmon has been important for the fish industry in Hjelmeland for a couple of decades, but white fish such as cod and halibut has increased its value in the latter years.

The 1,068-square-kilometre (412 sq mi) municipality is the 105th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Hjelmeland is the 247th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,619. The municipality's population density is 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Jøsenfjorden (village)
Jøsenfjorden is a village in Hjelmeland municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The village is located at the mouth of the river Ulla along the northern shore of the Jøsenfjorden.  The village is one of the few settlements along the shores of the fjord.  There is a small elementary school, shop, and chapel in the village.
Messapicetus
Messapicetus is an extinct genus of beaked whale from the Late Miocene. It currently holds two species, M. longirostris from the Tortonian of Italy and M. gregarius from the Pisco Formation of Peru. However, a third unnamed species is represented in the St. Marys Formation of Maryland known from fragmentary material. M. gregarius is sexually dimorphic, males having tusks which are hypothesized to have been used in intraspecific combat for mates as in extant (living) beaked whales.

Beaked whale
Beaked whales are members of the cetacean family Ziphiidae, noted as being one of the least-known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat, reclusive behavior and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 existing species are reasonably well-known. Baird's beaked whales and Cuvier's beaked whales were subject to commercial exploitation, off the coast of Japan, while the northern bottlenose whale was extensively hunted in the northern part of the North Atlantic in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Reports emerged in late 2020 of the possible discovery of a new beaked whale species off the coast of Mexico, the taxonomy of which had not been determined as of December 2020.
Edmondson Park railway station
Edmondson Park railway station is a suburban railway station located on the South West Rail Link, serving the Sydney suburb of Edmondson Park in the Liverpool Local Government Area. It is served by Sydney Trains T2 Leppington & Inner West Line and T5 Cumberland Line services.

Edmondson Park
Edmondson Park is a suburb in the South West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Edmondson Park is located 41 kilometres from the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool.

Edmondson Park is part of the South West Growth Centre and is expected to see significant growth and development over the next 10 years.
Saloon Bar
Saloon Bar is a 1940 British comedy thriller film directed by Walter Forde and starring Gordon Harker, Elizabeth Allan and Mervyn Johns. It was made by Ealing Studios and its style has led to comparisons with the later Ealing Comedies, unlike other wartime Ealing films which are different in tone. It is based on the 1939 play of the same name by Frank Harvey in which Harker had also starred. An amateur detective tries to clear an innocent man of a crime before the date of his execution.

Ealing comedies
The Ealing comedies is an informal name for a series of comedy films produced by the London-based Ealing Studios during a ten-year period from 1947 to 1957. Often considered to reflect Britain's post-war spirit, the most celebrated films in the sequence include Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949), Whisky Galore! (1949), The Lavender Hill Mob (1951), The Man in the White Suit (1951) and The Ladykillers (1955). Hue and Cry (1947) is generally considered to be the earliest of the cycle, and Barnacle Bill (1957) the last, although some sources list Davy (1958) as the final Ealing comedy. Many of the Ealing comedies are ranked among the greatest British films, and they also received international acclaim.
Attack on the twentieth convoy
On 19 April 1943, members of the Belgian Resistance stopped a Holocaust train and freed a number of Jews who were being transported to Auschwitz concentration camp from Mechelen transit camp in Belgium, on the twentieth convoy from the camp. In the aftermath of the attack, a number of other captives were able to jump from the train as well. In all, 233 people managed to escape, of whom 118 ultimately survived. The remainder were either killed during the escape or were recaptured soon afterwards. The attack was unusual as an attempt by the resistance to free Jewish deportees and marks the only mass breakout by deportees on a Holocaust train.

Holocaust trains
Holocaust trains were railway transports run by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and other European railways under the control of Nazi Germany and its allies, for the purpose of forcible deportation of the Jews, as well as other victims of the Holocaust, to the Nazi concentration, forced labour, and extermination camps.

The speed at which people targeted in the "Final Solution" could be exterminated was dependent on two factors: the capacity of the death camps to gas the victims and quickly dispose of their bodies, as well as the capacity of the railways to transport the victims from Nazi ghettos to extermination camps. The most modern accurate numbers on the scale of the "Final Solution" still rely partly on shipping records of the German railways.
Oroya aurora
Oroya aurora is a moth in the family Dalceridae, and the only species in the genus Oroya. Both the genus and the species were first described by Scott E. Miller in 1994. It is found in southern Peru and adjacent Bolivia. The habitat consists of tropical premontane wet, tropical premontane moist and subtropical (lower) montane wet forests.

The length of the forewings is 9–10 mm.

Dalceridae
The Dalceridae are a small family of zygaenoid moths with some 80 known species encompassing about one dozen genera mostly found in the Neotropical region with a few reaching the far south of the Nearctic region.

These are generally small or medium-sized moths with very hairy bodies. The larvae are rather slug-like and, along with the larvae of the sister taxa Limacodidae and Megalopygidae, are often known as slug caterpillars. More specifically, they are also called jewel caterpillars due to the colorful bead-like gelatinous mass covering the exoskeleton of many species.

Female Dalceridae have "accessory glands" that apply a rapidly drying liquid to the eggs. The function of the liquid is unknown but it is theorized that it may provide strength to eggs, help glue the eggs in place, or offer protection from egg parasites.
Nigel Gray
Nigel Gray (1947 – 30 July 2016) was an English record producer. His album credits include Outlandos d'Amour (1978), Reggatta de Blanc (1979), and Zenyatta Mondatta (1980) for the Police, Kaleidoscope (1980) and Juju (1981) for Siouxsie and the Banshees, as well as five albums for Godley & Creme.

Gray was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album (1981) for Zenyatta Mondatta, and also won two Grammys for producer of Best Rock Performance ("Don't Stand So Close to Me") and Best Rock Instrumental ("Behind My Camel").

Gray was revered by Radiohead's producer Nigel Godrich for his work on the Police's Reggatta de Blanc. Gray's production on Siouxsie and the Banshees' records with guitarist John McGeoch was also a reference for Godrich during the recording of Radiohead's "There There".

The Lotus Eaters (band)
The Lotus Eaters are an English new wave band formed in 1981 in Liverpool. Their debut single, "The First Picture of You", became a hit in the UK and in continental Europe, notably France, Italy, Belgium and Spain.