hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Olympia Province
Olympia Province (Greek: Επαρχία Ολυμπίας) was one of the provinces of the Elis Prefecture, Greece. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipalities Andritsaina-Krestena and Zacharo, and the municipal unit Volakas. It was abolished in 1997.

Provinces of Greece
The provinces of Greece (Greek: επαρχία, "eparchy") were sub-divisions of some the country's prefectures. From 1887, the provinces were abolished as actual administrative units, but were retained for some state services, especially financial and educational services, as well as for electoral purposes. Before the Second World War, there were 139 provinces, and after the war, with the addition of the Dodecanese Islands, their number grew to 148. According to the Article 7 of the Code of Prefectural Self-Government (Presidential Decree 30/1996), the provinces constituted a "particular administrative district" within the wider "administrative district" of the prefectures. The provinces were finally abolished after the 2006 local elections, in line with Law 2539/1997, as part of the wide-ranging administrative reform known as the "Kapodistrias Project", and replaced by enlarged municipalities (demoi).
Elfie Caroline Huntington
Elfie Caroline Huntington (December 27, 1868 – July 24, 1949) was an American photographer from Springville, Utah. She was deaf as a result of childhood scarlet fever, and became involved in photography at age 24 as an apprentice to George Edward Anderson. She started a successful photography studio in Springville with fellow apprentice Joseph Daniel Bagley; they also traveled around Utah taking photographs. Huntington was known for taking pictures of everyday occurrences as well as dark, humorous photos.

George Edward Anderson
George Edward Anderson (October 28, 1860 – May 9, 1928) was an early American photographer known for his portraiture and documentary photographs of early historical sites of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and Utah settlements.
Victoria Park, Western Australia
Victoria Park (nicknamed Vic Park) is an inner suburb of Perth, the capital of the Australian state of Western Australia. It is located on the Swan River south-east of East Perth, and is linked to East Perth and the Perth central business district via The Causeway and Boorloo Bridge, which crosses Heirisson Island.

Victoria Park is mostly residential, with parkland on the Swan River and a commercial strip around Albany Highway. The suburb contains the intersection of three major arterial roads: Albany Highway, Canning Highway, and Great Eastern Highway. Its local government area is the Town of Victoria Park.

East Perth, Western Australia
East Perth is an inner suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located next to the Perth central business district.  Claise Brook and Claisebrook Cove are within the suburb. Formerly characterised by industrial land uses and urban blight, the redevelopment of East Perth was, and remains, the largest inner-city urban renewal project in the state. The design of the new residential neighbourhoods was strongly influenced by the new urbanism movement.
The Virginia Gazette
The Virginia Gazette is the local newspaper of Williamsburg, Virginia. Established in 1930, it is named for the historical Virginia Gazette published between 1736 and 1780. It is published twice a week in the broadsheet format.

William Parks (publisher)
William Parks (May 23, 1699 – April 1, 1750) was an 18th-century printer and journalist in England and Colonial America. He was the first printer in Maryland authorized as the official printer for the colonial government. He published the first newspaper in the Southern American colonies, the Maryland Gazette. He later became authorized as the official printer for the colonial government of Virginia. Parks was also the publisher and printer of the first official collection of the authentic 1733 set of Virginia's laws, and the first colonial publisher and proprietor of The Virginia Gazette newspaper. During his lifetime Parks established four new newspapers in the colonies. He also worked with Benjamin Franklin on several projects related to printing, most notably, the establishment of a paper mill in Virginia, the first such mill south of Pennsylvania.
Dzongkha keyboard layout
The Dzongkha keyboard layout scheme is designed as a simple means for inputting Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ) and classical Tibetan (ཆོས་སྐད) text on computers. This keyboard layout was standardized by the Dzongkha Development Commission (DDC) and the  Department of Information Technology and Telecom (DITT) of the Royal Government of Bhutan in 2000. It was updated in 2009 to accommodate additional characters added to the Unicode & ISO 10646 standards since the initial version.

Since the arrangement of keys essentially follows the usual order of the Dzongkha and Tibetan alphabet, the layout can be quickly learned by anyone familiar with this alphabet. Subjoined (combining) consonants are entered using the Shift key.

The Dzongkha (dz) keyboard layout is included in the XFree86 distribution.

Dzongkha
Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ་ [d͡zòŋkʰɑ́]), also known by its exonym Bhutanese, is a Tibeto-Burman language in the Sino-Tibetan language family that is primarily spoken by the Bhutanese people. It is the official and national language of Bhutan, and is written using the Tibetan script.

The word dzongkha means "the language of the fortress", from dzong "fortress" and kha "language". As of 2013, Dzongkha had 171,080 native speakers and about 640,000 total speakers.

Dzongkha is a South Tibetic language. It is closely related to Laya and Lunana and partially intelligible with Sikkimese, and to some other Bhutanese languages such as Chocha Ngacha, Brokpa, Brokkat and Lakha. It has a more distant relationship to Standard Tibetan.
Ithamar (bishop)
Ithamar (sometimes Ythamar) was the first bishop in England to be Saxon-born rather than consecrated by the Irish or from among Augustine's Roman missionaries.  He was also the first Saxon bishop of Rochester.

Bishop of Rochester
The Bishop of Rochester is the ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of Rochester in the Province of Canterbury.

The town of Rochester has the bishop's seat, at the Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary, which was founded as a Catholic cathedral in 604. After the English Reformation, during the late 17th and 18th centuries, it was customary for the Bishop of Rochester to also be appointed Dean of Westminster. The practice ended in 1802.  The diocese covers two London boroughs and West Kent, which includes Medway and Maidstone.

The bishop's residence is Bishopscourt in Rochester. His Latin episcopal signature is: "(firstname) Roffen", Roffensis being the genitive case of the Latin name of the see. The office was created in 604 at the founding of the diocese in the Kingdom of Kent under King Æthelberht.

Jonathan Gibbs has served as Bishop of Rochester since the confirmation of his election, on 24 May 2022.
Budenheim
Budenheim (German pronunciation: [ˈbuːdn̩haɪm]) is a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Unlike other municipalities in Mainz-Bingen, it does not belong to any association of municipalities.

Isola della Scala
Isola della Scala is a comune (municipality) of c. 11463 inhabitants in the Province of Verona in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Verona.

Isola della Scala borders the following municipalities: Bovolone, Buttapietra, Erbè, Nogara, Oppeano, Salizzole, Trevenzuolo, and Vigasio.
Society for Military History
The Society for Military History is a United States–based international organization of scholars who research, write, and teach military history of all time periods and places. It includes naval history, air power history, and studies of technology, ideas, and homefronts.  It publishes the quarterly refereed The Journal of Military History.

Geoffrey Parker (historian)
Noel Geoffrey Parker FRHistS FBA (born 25 December 1943) is an English historian specialising in the history of Western Europe, Spain, and warfare during the early modern era. His best known book is The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West, 1500–1800, first published by Cambridge University Press in 1988.

He holds his BA, MA, PhD, and LittD degrees from Cambridge University where he studied under the historian Sir John Elliott.

Parker has taught at the University of Illinois, the University of St Andrews, and Yale University. He is currently the Andreas Dorpalen Professor of History at the Ohio State University.

Parker was a consultant and main contributor on the BBC series, Armada: 12 Days to Save England.

In 2023, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.
Asturian nationalism
Nationalism and regionalism is present in the political spectrum of the Principality of Asturias, northern Spain. Asturian nationalist parties such as Partíu Asturianista had representation in the Asturian parliament and government, and others such as Andecha Astur had representation in some municipalities. However, nationalism is more of a social than a political movement.

Unidá
Unidá is an Asturian federation of parties formed by Asturian Left, members coming from Andecha Astur, and by the local parties Andecha por Carreño, Asturianistes por Nava and Asturianistes por Piloña, forming a local series of groups with the name of Unidá such as Unidá-Avilés or Unidá-Uviéu.
2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Pays de la Loire
The 2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds, Pays de la Loire was the qualifying competition to decide which teams from the leagues of the Pays de la Loire region of France took part in the main competition from the seventh round.

A total of eleven teams qualified from the Pays de la Loire preliminary rounds. In 2020–21, Voltigeurs de Châteaubriant and Olympique Saumur FC progressed furthest in the main competition, reaching the round of 16 before losing to Montpellier and Toulouse respectively.

2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds
The 2021–22 Coupe de France preliminary rounds made up the qualifying competition to decide which teams took part in the main competition from seventh round. This was the 105th season of the main football cup competition of France. The competition was organised by the French Football Federation (FFF) and was normally open to all clubs in French football, as well as clubs from the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Réunion, Saint Martin, and Saint Pierre and Miquelon).

The six (or more, if required) preliminary rounds were organised by the 13 Regional leagues from the mainland, and the 6 Regional leagues of the overseas departments and territories. They took place between June and November 2021.
Saxon revolt of 1073–1075
The Saxon revolt refers to the struggle between the Salian dynasty ruling the Holy Roman Empire and the rebel Saxons during the reign of Henry IV. The conflict reached its climax in the period from summer 1073 until the end of 1075, in a rebellion that involved several clashes of arms.

Rudolf of Rheinfelden
Rudolf of Rheinfelden (c. 1025 – 15 October 1080) was Duke of Swabia from 1057 to 1079. Initially a follower of his brother-in-law, the Salian emperor Henry IV, his election as German anti-king in 1077 marked the outbreak of the Great Saxon Revolt and the first phase of open conflict in the Investiture Controversy between Emperor and Papacy. After a series of armed conflicts, Rudolf succumbed to his injuries after his forces defeated Henry's in the Battle on the Elster.
Alppila
Alppila (Swedish: Alphyddan) is a quarter of Helsinki, Finland. It is located north of the city centre, between the districts of Kallio and Pasila, and together with Harju it forms the district of Alppiharju. Alppila has a population of 4,244 (as of 2005) and an area of 0.60 km2. The Linnanmäki amusement park and the Kulttuuritalo (House of Culture) are located in Alppila.

Harju, Helsinki
Harju (Swedish: Ås) is a quarter of Helsinki, Finland. It is located northeast of the city centre, part of Alppiharju neighbourhood, between the quarters of Alppila, Torkkelinmäki, Linjat and the neighbourhoods of Sörnäinen and Vallila. Harju has a population of 7,237 (as of 1 January 2005) and an area of 0.27 km2.

Harju has the highest population density per km2 in Finland, along with the neighboring Torkkelinmäki quarter. Apartments in Harju are usually very small, single-person flats. Harju also contains dozens of pubs, fast-food restaurants and Thai massage parlors, despite its very small size by area.
Ataman, Syria
′Ataman (Arabic: عتمان), also spelled ′Atman, Athman, Osmane or Othman, is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the Daraa Governorate, located 4 kilometers north of Daraa. Other nearby localities include al-Yadudah to the west, Tafas to the northwest, Da'el to the north, Khirbet Ghazaleh to the northeast, al-Ghariyah al-Gharbiyah to the east and al-Naimah to the southeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Ataman had a population of 8,929 in the 2004 census.

Al-Ghariyah al-Gharbiyah
Al-Ghariyah al-Gharbiyah (Arabic: الغارية الغربية, romanized: Al-Gārīyah al-Ghārbīyah) also known as Western Ghariyah is a town in the Daraa District in southern Syria, northeast of Daraa city, on the M5 motorway between Damascus and the Nasib Border Crossing with Jordan. It is a historical town with many Roman-era ruins. The area is surrounded by fertile plains, and a number of its inhabitants depend on the agriculture for income. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of 9,784 in the 2004 census.

The town is well known for the cultivation of olive trees, which cover more than 50% of town's municipal area. The principal families of the town include Al Aalgbit, Al Aweer, Al Moshmosh, Al Zoubi and Al Hariri.
Billy Frank Jr. Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge
The Billy Frank Jr. Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife preserve operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service on the Nisqually River Delta near Puget Sound in northeastern Thurston County, Washington and northwestern Pierce County, Washington. The refuge is located just off Interstate 5, between the cities of Tacoma and Olympia.

Treaty of Medicine Creek
The Treaty of Medicine Creek was an 1854 treaty between the United States, and nine tribes and bands of Indians, occupying the lands lying around the head of Puget Sound, Washington, and the adjacent inlets. The tribes listed on the Treaty of Medicine Creek are Nisqually, Puyallup, Steilacoom, Squawskin (Squaxin Island), S'Homamish, Stehchass, T'Peeksin, Squi-aitl, and Sa-heh-wamish. The treaty was signed on December 26, 1854 by Isaac I. Stevens, governor and superintendent of Indian Affairs of the territory at the time of the signing, along with the chiefs, head-men and delegates of the stated tribes. For the purpose of the treaty, these representatives who signed the treaty were stated to have been, "regarded as one nation, on behalf of said tribes and bands, and duly authorized by them."
El Fureidis
El Fureidis (Arabic for "Little Paradise") is a 10,000-square-foot (930 m2) historic estate built in 1906 on 10 acres (4.0 ha) in Montecito, California. Originally called the James Waldron Gillespie Estate or Gillespie Palace after its original owner, the Spanish Baroque & Neo-Mudéjar architecture is one of only five houses designed by the American architect Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue.

The estate appeared in numerous hand-colored picture post cards from Santa Barbara during the 1900s–1950s highlighting Montecito's estates, the classical Persian gardens and Goodhue's unique architecture.

Montecito, California
Montecito (archaic use of Spanish for woodland or countryside) is an unincorporated town in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. Located on the Central Coast of California, Montecito sits between the Santa Ynez Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Montecito is best known for its concentration of prominent and wealthy residents. In 2024, the median home price was $7.5 million. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Montecito as a census-designated place (CDP). The population as of 2022 is approximately 8,638 residents.
Slip-on shoe
Slip-ons are typically low, lace-less shoes. The style which is most commonly seen, known as a loafer, slippers, or penny loafers in American culture, has a moccasin construction. One of the first designs was introduced in London by Wildsmith Shoes, called the Wildsmith Loafer. They began as casual shoes, but have increased in popularity to the point of being worn in America with business suits. Another design was introduced as the Aurlandskoen (lit. 'the Aurland Shoe') in Norway (early 20th century).

A less casual, earlier type of slip-on is made with side goring (sometimes called a dress loafer). Made in the same shape as lace-up Oxfords, but lacking the laces, these shoes have elasticated inserts on the side which allow the shoe to be easily removed but remain snug when worn. This cut has its greatest popularity in Britain.

Dress shoe
A dress shoe (U.S. English) is a shoe to be worn at smart casual or more formal events. A dress shoe is typically contrasted to an athletic shoe.

Dress shoes are worn by many as their standard daily shoes, and are widely used in dance, for parties, and for special occasions.
Charity label
A charity label is a label resembling a postage stamp, sold by charities to raise funds. They are generally intended to be used on mail, as a way of advertising the sender's support of the charity's cause.

Christmas Seals and Easter Seals are perhaps the two best-known types, although many kinds have been made.

While designed to look like postage stamps, they only rarely include a denomination, and never the name of a country. They are distinct from charity stamps which also include a charge for postage.

Charity labels are one of several kinds of cinderella stamp.

Italy 1908, Messina earthquake charity labels

India 1916, Bombay Presidency War and Relief Fund half anna charity label

Russia 1916, 10 kopecks War victims charity label of Fellin

Easter seals (philately)
An Easter seal is a form of charity label issued to raise funds for charitable purposes. They are issued by the Easterseals charity in the United States, and by the Canadian Easter Seals charities.

Easter seals are applied to the front of mail to show support for particular charitable causes. They are distributed along with appeals to donate to the charities they support.

Easter seals are a form of Cinderella stamp. They do not have any postal value.
Institut Pasteur du Cambodge
Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (IPC; Khmer: វិទ្យាស្ថាន​ប៉ាស្ទ័រ​កម្ពុជា) is a medical research centre and public health institute in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It is part of the Pasteur Institute's international network of health centres and is partnered with the Ministry of Health. It was first established in 1953 and reopened in 1992 after the 1991 Paris Peace Agreements.

Ministry of Health (Cambodia)
The Ministry of Health (MoH; Khmer: ក្រសួងសុខាភិបាល, UNGEGN: Krâsuŏng Sŏkhaphĭbal) is the government ministry responsible for governing healthcare, the healthcare industry, public health and health-related NGOs in Cambodia.  The Ministry governs and regulates the activity of medical professionals, hospitals and clinics in the country.  As of 2013, the Minister of Health was Mam Bunheng.  The Ministry maintains 24 provincial health departments, and its main offices are located in Phnom Penh.
Valdresflye
Valdresflye is a mountain plateau in the easternmost part of the Jotunheimen mountains in Norway. The plateau lies in Innlandet county, mostly in Øystre Slidre Municipality, but a small area extends into Vang Municipality as well. The Norwegian County Road 51 runs over the plateau, reaching 1,389 meters (4,557 ft) above mean sea level, but this road is only open in the summers.

The plateau is surrounded by several mountains including Gråhøe to the east, Heimdalshøe to the northeast, Tjønnholstinden to the northwest, and Rasletinden to the west. The lakes Bygdin and Vinstre lie along the south side of the plateau.

Øystre Slidre Municipality
Øystre Slidre is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Valdres. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Heggenes. Other villages in the municipality include Hegge, Rogne, Volbu, Moane, Skammestein, Beito, and Beitostølen.

The 969.89-square-kilometre (374.48 sq mi) municipality is the 120th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Øystre Slidre Municipality is the 221st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,311. The municipality's population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.9% over the previous 10-year period.
The Eleven Schill Officers (1926 film)
The Eleven Schill Officers (German: Die elf Schill'schen Offiziere) is a 1926 German silent historical film directed by Rudolf Meinert and starring Meinert, Gustav Adolf Semler, Grete Reinwald, and Leopold von Ledebur.  The film depicts the failed 1809 uprising of Prussian soldiers led by Ferdinand von Schill against the occupying French during the Napoleonic War. The film received poor reviews from critics, but earned enough at the box office to offset its production costs.

According to IMDB, it was released in the USA as "Eleven Who Were Loyal" in 1929. A NY Times review which also covers several other movies of that same date is available online dated from May 20, 1929.

It was part of the cycle of Prussian films. The film was remade by Meinert as a sound film The Eleven Schill Officers in 1932 with Carl de Vogt cast as Schill.

Prussian film
Prussian films were a cycle of historical films made in Germany during the Weimar (1918–1933) and Nazi (1933–1945) eras noted for their general glorification of Prussian history and its military. The films are set during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. They particularly focused on Frederick the Great, who ruled Prussia from 1740 to 1786 greatly expanding its territory (hence known widely as Fridericus-Rex-Filme). The films were extremely popular with German audiences and an estimated forty four were produced by the end of the Second World War (twenty-seven of them during the Weimar era).
Hilt
The hilt (rarely called a haft or shaft) is the handle of a knife, dagger, sword, or bayonet, consisting of a guard, grip, and pommel. The guard may contain a crossguard or quillons.  A tassel or sword knot may be attached to the guard or pommel.

Bayonet
A bayonet (from Old French bayonette, now spelt baïonnette) is a knife, dagger, sword, or spike-shaped melee weapon designed to be mounted on the end of the barrel of a rifle, carbine, musket or similar long firearm, allowing the gun to be utilized as a spear in close combat.

The term is derived from the town of Bayonne in southwestern France, where bayonets were supposedly first used by Basques in the 17th century. From the early 17th to the early 20th century, it was an infantry melee weapon used for both offensive and defensive tactics, usually when charging in mass formations (human wave attacks). In contemporary times, bayonets are considered a weapon of last resort and are rarely used in combat, although they are still used regularly for non-combat purposes such as military parades, crowd control and as utility knives.