hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Tallmadge Jr.
James Tallmadge Jr. (January 28, 1778 – September 29, 1853) was a United States lawyer, and politician who served as a United States representative from New York's 4th congressional district. He introduced the anti-slavery Tallmadge Amendment to the bill admitting Missouri as a state, which triggered a serious political conflict between north and south.

Constitution of New York
The Constitution of the State of New York establishes the structure of the government of the State of New York, and enumerates the basic rights of the citizens of New York. Like most state constitutions in the United States, New York's constitution's provisions tend to be more detailed and amended more often than its federal counterpart. Because the history of the state constitution differs from the federal constitution, the New York Court of Appeals has seen fit to interpret analogous provisions differently from United States Supreme Court's interpretation of federal provisions.
Stevenage Clock Tower
Stevenage Clock Tower is a Grade II listed structure in Town Square in the centre of Stevenage New Town. A panel on the tower records the visit of Elizabeth II in 1959. The queen unveiled it as part of the ceremony to open the first phase of the town centre.

Designed by Leonard Vincent, the architect of Stevenage Development Corporation, the tower is 19 meters high. It is constructed of reinforced concrete with granite cladding. The fact that the concrete is not exposed gives the design a modernist rather than brutalist appearance. It has been described as "iconic".

In 1974 Harold Wilson unveiled a bronze relief sculpture by Franta Belsky on the west face of the clock tower.  It depicts Lewis Silkin, a Labour politician who served as Minister of Town and Country Planning implementing the New Towns Act of 1946 which set up development corporations to construct new towns.

Stevenage
Stevenage (/ˈstiːvənɪdʒ/ STEE-vən-ij) is a town and borough in Hertfordshire, England, about 28 miles (45 km) north of London. Stevenage is east of junctions 7 and 8 of the A1(M), between Letchworth Garden City to the north and Welwyn Garden City to the south. In 1946, Stevenage was designated the United Kingdom's first New Town under the New Towns Act. In 2021 it had a population of 94,456.
Roll in My Sweet Baby's Arms
"Roll in My Sweet Baby's Arms" is an American traditional song. It seems to have developed from lyrics in the cowboy song "My Lula Gal", itself a development of bawdy British and Appalachian songs generally known as "Bang Bang Rosie" or "Bang Away Lulu."

The Flatt & Scruggs version was first released as a single by Lester Flatt, Earl Scruggs and the Foggy Mountain Boys, on December 14, 1951. Buck Owens released his cover version "Rollin' in My Sweet Baby's Arms" in August 1971 as the second single from his album Ruby. The song peaked at No. 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.

Bang Bang Lulu
"Bang Bang Lulu" is a traditional American song with many variations. It derives from older songs most commonly known as "Bang Bang Rosie" in Ireland, "Bang Away Lulu" in Appalachia, and "My Lula Gal" in the West. The form "Bang Bang Lulu" became widespread in the United States from its use as a cadence during the World Wars. The song uses the tune of "Goodnight, Ladies".
Zakho
Zakho, also spelled Zaxo (Kurdish: زاخۆ, romanized: Zaxo or Zaco, Syriac: ܙܵܟ݂ܘܿ, romanized: Zāḵō, Armenian: Զախո, Arabic: زاخو, Lishanid Noshan: זאכו, romanized: Zāxo) is a city in Kurdistan Region, Iraq, at the centre of the Zakho District of the Dohuk Governorate, located a few kilometers from the Ibrahim Khalil border crossing. Zakho is known for its celebrations of Newroz.

The population of the town rose from about 30,000 in 1950 to 350,000 in 1992 due to Kurds fleeing from other areas of the country.

The original settlement may have been on a small island in the Little Khabur river, which flows west through the modern city to form the border between Iraq and Turkey, continuing into the Tigris. Other important rivers in the area are the Zeriza and the Seerkotik.

Zakho District
Zakho District (Kurdish: قەزای زاخۆ, romanized: Qezaya Zaxo, Arabic: قضاء زاخو, romanized: qaḍāʾ Zāḫū) is a district in northwestern Dohuk Governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The city of Zakho is the administrative center.
Armidale
Armidale is a city in the Northern Tablelands, New South Wales, Australia. Armidale had a population of 23,967 as of the 2021 census. It is the administrative centre for the Northern Tablelands region. It is approximately halfway between Sydney and Brisbane at the junction of the New England Highway and Waterfall Way.

Armidale is a rural university town, home to the University of New England (UNE). Armidale is located within the New England Renewable Energy Zone, which is expected to bring significant renewable energy development to the area.

Northern Tablelands
The Northern Tablelands, also known as the New England Tableland, is a plateau and a region of the Great Dividing Range in northern New South Wales, Australia. It includes the New England Range, the narrow highlands area of the New England region, stretching from the Moonbi Range in the south to the Queensland border in the north. The region corresponds generally to the Bureau of Meteorology forecast area for the Northern Tablelands which in this case includes Inverell although it is significantly lower in elevation.
William Jasper Spillman
William Jasper Spillman (October 18, 1863 – July 11, 1931) is considered to be the founding father of agricultural economics. In addition, he is notable for being the only American to independently rediscover Mendel's laws of genetics.

Enoch Albert Bryan
Enoch Albert Bryan (May 10, 1855 – November 6, 1941) was president of Vincennes University in Indiana from 1883 to 1893 and of Washington's land-grant institution, today called Washington State University, from 1893 to 1915. At the latter institution he was the third president but the first with a long tenure, following George Lilly, 1891–1892, and John W. Heston, 1892–1893.
Edmundston
Edmundston (/ˈɛdməndstən/) is a city in Madawaska County, New Brunswick, Canada. Established in 1850, it had a population of 16,437 as of 2021.

On January 1, 2023, Edmundston amalgamated with the village of Rivière-Verte and parts of two local service districts; revised census figures have not been released.

Madawaska, Maine
Madawaska is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 3,867 at the 2020 census. Madawaska is opposite Edmundston, Madawaska County in New Brunswick, Canada, to which it is connected by the Edmundston–Madawaska Bridge over the Saint John River. According to the most recent American Community Survey data, up to 46.2% of the population age 5 and older speak French at home.
Beth Nahrin Patriotic Union
Beth Nahrin Patriotic Union (Arabic: الاتحاد الوطني بيت نهرين) is an Assyrian political party founded in 1996, in the Slemani area of Iraq, as part of the Dawronoye movement. Since the 2003 Iraq War, the party has taken part in the country's elections, but has failed to ever win a seat. It is the Iraqi branch of Bethnahrin National Council.

On July 22, 2023 the party joined the Athra Alliance, a political alliance representing Assyrian interests in Iraq.

Dawronoye
Dawronoye (Syriac: ܕܲܘܪܵܢܵܝܹܐ) is a secular, leftist, national liberation movement among the Assyrian people. Ideologically characterized by progressive ideas and including socialist elements, its founding roots can be traced to the late 1980s in the town of Midyat in Turkey. The modern manifestation of the movement is controversial among Assyrian organizations worldwide, particularly due to its ties to the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and the Democratic Union Party (PYD).
Carlo Tenca
Carlo Tenca (19 October 1816 in Milan – 4 September 1883 in Milan) was an Italian man of letters, journalist, deputy and supporter of the Risorgimento.  He was the central figure in the salon of Countess Clara Maffei, to whom he was romantically linked.

Clara Maffei
Elena Clara Antonia Carrara Spinelli (13 March 1814 in Bergamo – 13 July 1886 in Milan), usually known by her married name of countess Clara Maffei or Chiarina Maffei, was an Italian woman of letters and backer of the Risorgimento.
Church of Saint James, Beroun
Church of Saint James the Great (Czech: Kostel svatého Jakuba) is a church in Beroun in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is situated on the western end of the Husovo Square near the Plzeňská Gate. The church has been classified as a national cultural heritage since 1958.

Beroun
Beroun (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbɛroun]; German: Beraun) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants. It lies at the confluence of the Berounka and Litavka rivers. Beroun creates a conurbation with Králův Dvůr, former part of Beroun. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Mizda District
Mizda was one of the districts of Libya. In the 2007 reorganization of Libyan districts its territory became part of Jabal al Gharbi District.

Prior to 2007 Mizdah bordered the following districts:

Bani Walid - northeast

Sirte - east

Al Jufrah - southeast

Wadi Al Shatii - south

Ghadames - west

Nalut - northwest, south of Yafran

Yafran - northwest, north of Nalut

Gharyan - north

Tarhuna wa Msalata - northeast, at a quadripoint

At the time Mizda bordered more districts than any other Libyan district.

Gharyan District
Gharyan District or Garian District (Arabic: شعبية غريان) was one of the districts of Libya.  It was located in the northwest part of the country and its capital was Gharyan.  Under the 2007 reorganization of districts, it became part of Jabal al Gharbi District.

Gharyan District was governed by a district congress which had ten committees that conducted day-to-day management and oversight.  Those committees were: Marine resources; Manpower, Employment and Training; Planning; Justice; Economy and Trade; Tourism; Public Security; Agriculture and Livestock; Industry, Mines and Energy; and Housing and Utilities.
Hazara region
Hazara (Hindko: هزاره; Urdu: ہزارہ), large parts of which were known as Pakhli Sarkar, is a region in northern Pakistan, falling administratively within the Hazara Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It forms the northernmost portion of Sindh Sagar Doab, and is mainly populated by the indigenous Hindko-speaking Hindkowans and Kohistani people, with a significant Pashto-speaking population. The inhabitants of Hazara are collectively called the Hazarewal.

Amb (princely state)
Amb (Urdu, Hindko: امب) was a princely state within the Hazara Tribal Agency of North-West Frontier Province, British India, ruled by the Tanoli tribe. Together with the neighbouring estate of Phulra, the tract was known as "Feudal Tanawal". Its total area was 203 mi2 (530 km2) while population was 48,656 in 1951. The Nawab of Amb Muhammad Farid Khan acceded to Pakistan after the independence of Pakistan in 1947. Today Amb is a part of Mansehra District of Hazara Division.

Amb came under the British suzerainty after the Second Anglo-Sikh War, with Mir Jehandad Khan providing much assistance to the East India Company against the Sikhs. The Amb Nawabs also provided military services to the British Empire in the Second Anglo-Afghan War. At the end of December 1947, the Nawab of Amb acceded to Pakistan while retaining internal self-government. Amb continued as a princely state of Pakistan until 1969, when it was incorporated into the North West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa).
Narasapuram Mandal
Narasapuram Mandal is one of the 19 mandals in the West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Its headquarters are in Narasapuram, a town in the mandal. The mandal is bordered by the Godavari River to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Mogalthur mandal to the south, and the Palacole mandal to the west.

Palakollu mandal
Palakollu mandal is one of the 46 mandals in the West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The headquarters is located at Palakollu City. The mandal is bordered by Yelamanchili mandal in the north, Narasapuram mandal in the east, Poduru mandal in the south and Veeravasaram mandal in the west.
Gooya Valley
Gooya, Goya or Gòoya is an archaeological site, ancient city and a mountainous valley with many hollows, caves and gorges found in Fika local government area, Yobe State, Nigeria.
It is considered one of the tourists attraction sites in Yobe and the deepest gorge valley in Nigeria. The site is presently a home for various wild animals like hyenas and monkeys. It was used for a defensive retreat by the Karai-karai people against invading neighbouring tribes during intertribal wars. Oral traditions state that it was the former territory of the Karai-karai people and remains of the former city walls and ruined homes are still visible.

Yobe State
YobeListenⓘ  is a state located in northeastern Nigeria. A mainly agricultural state, it was created on 27 August 1991. Yobe State was carved out of Borno State. The capital of Yobe State is Damaturu, and its largest city by population is Potiskum, while the largest by land area is Fune. The Potiskum local government area is a place of farmers and marketers; one of the largest cattle market in Africa is located in Potiskum.
Robert Habersham Coleman
Robert Habersham Coleman (March 27, 1856 – March 15, 1930) was an iron industrialist, railroad president, and owner of extensive farmland in Pennsylvania. He was nationally known as the "Iron King of Pennsylvania." In 1879, he was worth about $7 million (equivalent to $236,225,000 in today's money). By 1889, he had turned that into $30 million (equivalent to $1,049,888,889 in today's money). At the time, he had more money than his contemporaries A. J. Drexel, Marshall Field, J. P. Morgan or Frederick William Vanderbilt.

He was "rich, progressive, generous, honest—he was utterly crushed by the financial panic of 1893."

Saint Anthony Hall (Hartford, Connecticut)
The Saint Anthony Hall Trinity College chapter house is an historic fraternity building located at 340 Summit Street in Hartford, Connecticut. Built between 1877 and 1878, it is a significant early work of the American architect J. Cleaveland Cady. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in November 1985.
UNICOM
A UNICOM (universal communications) station is an air-ground communication facility operated by a non-air traffic control private agency to provide advisory service at uncontrolled aerodromes and airports and to provide various non-flight services, such as requesting a taxi, even at towered airports. It is also known as an aeronautical advisory station, with these terms being used mostly in the Americas. The equivalent European/ICAO service is known as (aerodrome) flight information service, abbreviated as AFIS or FIS. From an ICAO perspective, UNICOM, historically most commonly provided by flight service stations, is an implementation of FIS.

Flight information service
A flight information service (FIS) is a form of air traffic service  which is available to any aircraft within a flight information region (FIR), as agreed internationally by ICAO.

It is defined as information pertinent to the safe and efficient conduct of flight, and includes information on other potentially conflicting traffic, possibly derived from radar, but stopping short of providing positive separation from that traffic.

Flight Information also includes:

Meteorological information

Information on aerodromes

Information on possible hazards to flight

FIS shall be provided to all aircraft which are provided with any air traffic control (ATC) service or are otherwise known to air traffic service units. All air traffic service units will provide an FIS to any aircraft, in addition to their other tasks.
Plant Protection Act
The Plant Protection Act (PPA) (part of Pub. L. 106–224 (text) (PDF)) is a US statute relating to plant pests and noxious weeds introduced in 2000. It is currently codified at 7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq. It consolidates related responsibilities that were previously spread over various legislative statutes, including the Plant Quarantine Act, the Federal Plant Pest Act and the Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974.

Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974
The Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974 ("FNWA", Pub. L. 93–629, 88 Stat. 2148, enacted January 3, 1975) established a federal program to control the spread of noxious weeds. The United States Secretary of Agriculture was given the authority to declare plants "noxious weeds", and limit the interstate spread of such plants without a permit. The Secretary has the authority to inspect, seize, and destroy products, and quarantine areas, if necessary to contain, or limit the spread of such weeds.
Taking control of goods
Taking control of goods, formerly called Walking Possession, refers to the legal practice in the United Kingdom under which a bailiff takes possession of the goods of a defaulting debtor, but does not remove the goods.

After a bailiff has gained peaceful entry to the premises of a debtor, the bailiff may seize any of the debtor's goods that are found on the premises (except for certain categories of goods, such as tools of the debtor's trade). After gaining entry once, the bailiff may re-enter the premises at any time, and remove the goods at any time. The bailiff may choose not to remove the goods immediately, giving the debtor an opportunity to pay the debt (plus the bailiff's costs). In the meantime, the bailiff takes control of the goods. The bailiff may ask the debtor to sign a Controlled Goods Agreement, listing the goods that have been seized and acknowledging that the debtor no longer has legal title to the goods.

Distraint
Distraint or distress is "the seizure of someone's property in order to obtain payment of rent or other money owed", especially in common law countries. Distraint is the act or process "whereby a person (the distrainor), traditionally even without prior court approval, seizes the personal property of another located upon the distrainor's land in satisfaction of a claim, as a pledge for performance of a duty, or in reparation of an injury." Distraint typically involves the seizure of goods (chattels) belonging to the tenant by the landlord to sell the goods for the payment of the rent. In the past, distraint was often carried out without court approval. Today, some kind of court action is usually required, the main exception being certain tax authorities – such as HM Revenue and Customs in the United Kingdom and the Internal Revenue Service in the United States – and other agencies that retain the legal power to levy assets (by either seizure or distraint) without a court order.
Panine gammaherpesvirus 1
Panine gammaherpesvirus 1 (PnHV-1), commonly known as chimpanzee lymphocryptovirus, is a species of virus in the genus Lymphocryptovirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.

The virus infects chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) leukocytes. The glycoprotein B (gB) gene of the chimpanzee Lymphocryptovirus is virtually identical to the corresponding gene in the orangutan lymphocryptovirus. This suggests that the virus may have been transmitted between chimps and orangutans relatively recently (either in the wild or in captivity).

It is 35 to 45% homologous to the human Epstein–Barr virus, which is classified in the same genus.

Lymphocryptovirus
Lymphocryptovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae. This genus includes the human-infecting Human gammaherpesvirus 4 (Epstein–Barr virus), as well as viruses that infect both Old World monkeys and New World monkeys. Other names for the Lymphocryptovirus genus include Lymphocryptoviridae (suffix -viridae implying family rank, although this is not the accepted taxonomy) and gamma-1 herpesviruses. There are nine species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mononucleosis, Burkitt's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Nepenthes lowii
Nepenthes lowii (/nəˈpɛnθiːz ˈloʊ.i.iː, -ˌaɪ/), commonly called Low's pitcher plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It is named after Hugh Low, who discovered it on Mount Kinabalu. This species is perhaps the most unusual in the genus, being characterised by its strongly constricted upper pitchers, which bear a greatly reduced peristome and a reflexed lid with numerous bristles on its lower surface.

Mesilau
Mesilou, named after Mesilou River, is an area situated at approximately 2,000 m (6,562 ft) above sea level on the East Ridge of Mount Kinabalu in Kinabalu National Park, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. It is the site of the Mesilou Nature Resort, which is owned and operated by Sutera Sanctuary Lodges.

Mesilou East River and Mesilou West River pass through the Mesilou area. Mesilou East River forms a deep ravine, and Mesilou Cave is located nearby.

One of the two main summit routes of Mount Kinabalu starts at the Mesilou Nature Resort and is called the Mesilou Trail. The Mesilou Trail meets the old Kinabalu Summit Trail just above Layang-Layang (Dusun for Place of Swallows), which is situated at approximately 2,700 m (8,858 ft).
Van Saun County Park
Van Saun County Park is a park in Paramus and River Edge, New Jersey operated by the Bergen County Parks Department. The park is home to the Bergen County Zoological Park, open all year round and charging admission from May to October. The zoo features a ridable miniature railroad known as the Safari Express. In addition, the park features picnic areas, a baseball field, a softball field, basketball and tennis courts, a soccer field, a playground, a carousel, and pony rides. The park was originally a farm owned by the Van Saun family.

The park, including the zoo, was slated for a major expansion as of 2016, which would nearly double the size of the zoo from 12 to 23 acres (4.9 to 9.3 ha) and significantly diversify its population of animal species, as well as add an ice-skating rink and expand automobile parking capacity at the park by hundreds of spaces.

River Edge, New Jersey
River Edge is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 12,049, an increase of 709 (+6.3%) from the 2010 census count of 11,340, which in turn reflected an increase of 394 (+3.6%) from the 10,946 counted in the 2000 census.

The community was originally incorporated as the borough of Riverside by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 30, 1894, from portions of Midland Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day. On December 1, 1930, the borough's name was changed to River Edge. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone. The borough was named for its location along the Hackensack River.
Palazzo Caotorta-Angaran
The Palazzo Caotorta Angaran  is a palace located on the Canal Grande of Venice, between the Palazzo Balbi and, across the Rio della Frescada, the Palazzo Civran Grimani in the Sestiere of Dorsoduro, Venice, Italy.

Palazzo Civran Grimani
Palazzo Civran Grimani is a Neoclassical palace in Venice, Italy. The palazzo is located in the San Polo district, overlooking the Grand Canal at the confluence with Rio della Frescada, between Palazzo Dandolo Paolucci and Palazzo Caotorta-Angaran.