hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Olumide Akpata
Olumide Osaigbovo Akpata (born 7 October 1972, from Edo South Senatorial district, Edo State) is a Nigerian legal practitioner and politician. He was a senior partner and the head of the Corporate and Commercial Practice Group at Templars law firm in Nigeria until his resignation on 31 August 2023 to enable him to pursue partisan politics. In September 2023, he hosted the program "KingsWeek 2023" with the Old Boys Association, King's College, Lagos. He became the first non-Senior Advocate of Nigeria in 28 years to be elected president of the Nigerian Bar Association in July 2020.

King's College, Lagos
King's College, Lagos (KCL) is a secondary school in Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria. It was founded on 20 September 1909 with 10 students at Lagos Island, adjacent to Tafawa Balewa Square. The school admits only boys as pupils, although prior to the establishment of Queen's College Lagos it also admitted some female students.
Donald Mullett
Donald Leopold Mullett (April 10, 1929 – April 19, 2013) was an American educator and academic administrator who served as interim president at three historically black universities: Lincoln University (Pennsylvania), Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, and Lincoln University (Missouri).

Cheyney University
Cheyney University of Pennsylvania (CU) is a public historically black university in Cheyney, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1837 as the Institute for Colored Youth, it is the oldest of all historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the United States. It is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. The university offers bachelor's degrees and is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
Sumiko Iwao
Sumiko Iwao (岩男 寿美子, Iwao Sumiko; January 2, 1935 – January 11, 2018) was a Japanese psychologist, educator, editor and professor emeritus at Keio University in Tokyo. She served as the editor-in-chief of Japan Echo, an English-language magazine and predecessor of Nippon.com, from 1997 until 2007, as well as a member of the Echo's editorial board from 1985 until 2007.

Japan Echo
Japan Echo was an English-language periodical on Japanese issues which was initially published in print form by Japan Echo Inc. between 1974 and 2010. Consisting mainly of translations into English of magazine and news articles originally published in Japanese, Japan Echo was launched with the support of Japan's Foreign Affairs Ministry "to enable people abroad to learn what the Japanese themselves are thinking and writing about the issues of the day." Though independently published, the Japanese government provided most of Japan Echo's funding for the duration of its existence.

In 2010 budget cuts compelled the magazine to rebrand itself as Japan Echo Web, a purely online magazine published on a website operated by the Foreign Affairs Ministry. However, two years later the Japanese government shut it down and replaced it with a similar project called the Japan Foreign Policy Forum.
Jerup
Jerup is a village, with a population of 520 (1. January 2025). in Frederikshavn Municipality, Vendsyssel, in northern Jutland in Denmark.

Jerup is served by Jerup railway station, located on the Skagensbanen railway line.

Jerup railway station
Jerup railway station is a railway station serving the village of Jerup in Vendsyssel, Denmark.

The station is located on the Skagensbanen railway line from Skagen to Frederikshavn between Napstjært and Rimmen railway halts. The train services are currently operated by Nordjyske Jernbaner which run frequent local train services between Skagen station and Frederikshavn station.
Mugni Gospels
The Mugni Gospel (Yerevan, Matenadaran, MS 7736) is an 11th-century Armenian Gospel Book produced in 1060. The manuscript is 42 by 32 cm and contains 301 folios. The binding of the book is made of wood, covered with red velvet and ornamented with plaques of silver and gilt. The first lines of each gospel are in gold. The first letters are lavishly decorated and painted. Actually, the book seems to be overloaded with miniatures and decorations. Saturated colours, expressive figures and fanciful architectural backdrops distinguish it from a more stylized and decorative Byzantine manner of manuscript illumination.

Matenadaran
The Matenadaran (Armenian: Մատենադարան), officially the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is the largest center for the storage, study and popularization of Armenian manuscripts, combining the functions of a museum, archive and scientific institution. It is holds the most extensive collection of Armenian manuscripts in existence.

It was established in 1959 on the basis of the nationalized collection of the Armenian Church, formerly held at Etchmiadzin. Its collection has gradually expanded since its establishment, mostly from individual donations. One of the most prominent landmarks of Yerevan, it is named after Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet, whose statue stands in front of the building. Its collection is included in the register of the UNESCO Memory of the World program.
Greece at the 1896 Summer Olympics
Greece was the host nation of the 1896 Summer Olympics held in Athens.  The number of Greek contestants is commonly cited as 169, but as many as 176 Greeks contested events in all nine sports.  The Greeks were by far the most successful nation in terms of total medals with 47, 27 more than the United States of America.  Nevertheless, their number of first-place finishes (10) was one fewer than the Americans' 11.  The Greeks had 172 entries in 39 events.  Only 4 events had no Greek entrants—the 400 metres and the high jump in athletics and the vault and the team horizontal bar in gymnastics.

Gymnastics at the 1896 Summer Olympics
At the 1896 Summer Olympics, eight gymnastics events, all for men, were contested in Panathinaiko Stadium. They were organized and prepared by the Sub-Committee for Wrestling and Gymnastics. Events took place on April 9, April 10, and April 11, 1896. There were 71 competitors from         9 nations (including 52 from Greece) that took part in gymnastics.
Manuel Roxas
Manuel Acuña Roxas QSC (Tagalog: [maˈnwel aˈkuɲa ˈɾɔhas]; January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the fifth president of the Philippines, serving from 1946 until his death in 1948. He served briefly as the third and last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from May 28, 1946, to July 4, 1946, and became the first President of the Independent Third Philippine Republic after the United States ceded its sovereignty over the Philippines.

Philippine peso
The Philippine peso, also referred to by its Filipino name piso (Philippine English: /ˈpɛsɔː/ PEH-saw, /ˈpiː-/ PEE-, plural pesos; Filipino: piso [ˈpisɔː, ˈpɪsɔː]; sign: ₱; code: PHP), is the official currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 sentimo, also called centavos.

The peso has the symbol "₱", introduced during American rule in place of the original peso sign "$" used throughout Spanish America. Alternative symbols used are "PHP", "PhP", "Php", or just "P".

The monetary policy of the Philippines is conducted by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), established on January 3, 1949, as its central bank. It produces the country's banknotes and coins at its Security Plant Complex, which is set to move to New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac.
BBC Concert Orchestra
The BBC Concert Orchestra is a British concert orchestra based in London, one of the British Broadcasting Corporation's five radio orchestras. With around fifty players, it is the only one of the five BBC orchestras which is not a full-scale symphony orchestra. The BBC Concert Orchestra is the BBC's most populist ensemble, playing a mixture of classical music, light music and popular numbers. Its primary role is to produce music for radio broadcast, and it is the resident orchestra of the world's longest-running live music programme, Friday Night Is Music Night on BBC Radio 3.

Keith Lockhart
Keith Alan Lockhart (born November 7, 1959) is an American conductor. He is the Conductor of the Boston Pops orchestra,  and the Artistic Director of the Brevard Music Center in North Carolina.

Keith Lockhart, the conductor, is the brother of Paul Lockhart, the military historian—who is not to be confused with Paul Lockhart, the author of A Mathematician's Lament, nor with Paul Lockhart, the NASA engineer/astronaut.
Lubie, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Lubie [ˈlubʲɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barlinek, within Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Barlinek, 19 km (12 mi) east of Myślibórz, and 62 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Barlinek
Gmina Barlinek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Barlinek, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of Myślibórz and 62 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 258.77 square kilometres (99.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 19,528, of which the population of Barlinek is 14,156, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,372.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park.
Computer Power and Human Reason
Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation is a 1976 nonfiction book by German-American computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum in which he contends that while artificial intelligence may be possible, we should never allow computers to make important decisions, as they will always lack human qualities such as compassion and wisdom.

Joseph Weizenbaum
Joseph Weizenbaum (8 January 1923 – 5 March 2008) was a German-American computer scientist and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is the namesake of the Weizenbaum Award and the Weizenbaum Institute.
Mammoth spear thrower
The Mammoth spear thrower is a spear thrower in the form of a mammoth, discovered at the "Montastruc rock shelter" in Bruniquel, France. It is from the late Magdalenian period and around 12,500 years old. It now forms part of the Christy Collection in the British Museum (Palart 551), and is normally on display in Room 2.  Between 7 February – 26 May 2013 it was displayed in the exhibition at the British Museum Ice Age Art: Arrival of the Modern Mind.

Bruniquel
Bruniquel (French pronunciation: [bʁynikɛl]; Languedocien: Borniquèl) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in Southern France. It is in the Quercy natural region, on the departmental border with Tarn. The commune is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) association.
Ricerche di Matematica
Ricerche di Matematica is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal on applied mathematics and pure mathematics. It was established in 1952 by Carlo Miranda with the collaboration of Renato Caccioppoli and other members of the Istituto di Matematica of the University of Naples Federico II. From 1952 to 2005 the journal was published in 54 volumes in Naples with articles in Italian, English, or French. From 2006 "Ricerche di Matematica" (with articles only in English) is published by Springer-Verlag under the auspices of the Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni "Renato Caccioppoli"; a board of professors in this department at the University of Naples Federico II appoints and supports the journal's editors. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH.

Renato Caccioppoli
Renato Caccioppoli (Italian: [reˈnaːto katˈtʃɔppoli]; 20 January 1904 – 8 May 1959) was an Italian mathematician, known for his contributions to mathematical analysis, including the theory of functions of several complex variables, functional analysis, measure theory.
Górki Napękowskie
Górki Napękowskie [ˈɡurki napɛnˈkɔfskʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bieliny, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south of Bieliny and 23 km (14 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Bieliny
Gmina Bieliny is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bieliny, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 88.09 square kilometres (34.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,832.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Cisów-Orłowiny Landscape Park.
Harold Darke
Harold Edwin Darke (29 October 1888 – 28 November 1976) was an English composer and organist. He is particularly known for his choral compositions, which are an established part of the repertoire of Anglican church music.  Darke had a fifty-year association with the church of St Michael, Cornhill, in the City of London.

Anglican church music
Anglican church music is music that is written for Christian worship in Anglican religious services, forming part of the liturgy. It mostly consists of pieces written to be sung by a church choir, which may sing a cappella or accompanied by an organ.

Anglican music forms an important part of traditional worship not only in the Church of England, but also in the Scottish Episcopal Church, the Church in Wales, the Church of Ireland, the Episcopal Church in the United States of America, the Anglican Church of Canada, the Anglican Church of Australia and other Christian denominations which identify as Anglican. It can also be used at the Personal Ordinariates of the Roman Catholic Church.
Moses Mbye
Moses Mbye (born 13 August 1993) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays for Ipswich Jets in the Queensland Cup.

Over the course of his career he has played as a scrum-half, fullback, centre, stand-off and hooker. He previously played for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, St. George Illawarra Dragons and Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League (NRL), and at representative level for the Prime Minister's XIII, World All Stars and Queensland in the State of Origin series.

2019 State of Origin series
The 2019 State of Origin series was the 38th annual best-of-three series between the Queensland and New South Wales rugby league teams. Before this series, Queensland had won 21 times, NSW 14 times, with two series drawn.

For just the second time, a game was played away from Sydney, Brisbane or Melbourne, with Game 2 played at Perth’s Optus Stadium.
Roger Gallaway
Roger John Gallaway, PC (born May 23, 1948 in Sarnia, Ontario) is a Canadian educator and retired politician.  He was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 2006, representing the riding of Sarnia—Lambton for the Liberal Party.

Gallaway graduated from Sarnia Collegiate Institute and Technical School. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Western Ontario and an LL.B from the University of Windsor.  He practiced law before entering political life, and was involved in a variety of community organizations in the Sarnia area.  In 1991, he was elected mayor of Point Edward.

University of Windsor
The University of Windsor (UWindsor, U of W, or UWin) is a public research university in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It is Canada's southernmost university. It has approximately 17,500 students. The university was incorporated by the provincial government in 1962 and has more than 150,000 alumni.

The University of Windsor has nine faculties, including the Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, the Faculty of Education, the Faculty of Engineering, Odette School of Business, the Faculty of Graduate Studies, the Faculty of Human Kinetics, the Faculty of Law, the Faculty of Nursing, and the Faculty of Science. Through its faculties and independent schools, the university has demonstrated its primary research focuses of automotive, environmental, social justice, and international trade research. In recent years, it has increasingly begun focusing on health, natural science, and entrepreneurship research.
Bình Thuận province
Bình Thuận was a former southernmost coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Lâm Đồng to the north, Ninh Thuận to the northeast, Đồng Nai to the west, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu to the southwest and the South China Sea to the east.

Bình Thuận province is sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of sites of archaeological significance.

On June 12, 2025, Bình Thuận was incorporated into Lâm Đồng province.

Southeast (Vietnam)
Đông Nam Bộ (literally "Southeast region") is a region in Southern Vietnam. This region includes one municipality, Ho Chi Minh City; and five provinces: Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province, Bình Phước and Tây Ninh. The two south central provinces Ninh Thuận and Bình Thuận are sometimes seen as part of the Southeast region. This region is the most economically developed region in Vietnam. In 2006, this region contributed 148,000 billion VND (equal to $9.25 billion) out of 251,000 billion VND to the state budget.  This region is also the most highly urbanized in the country with more than 50% people living in urban areas (while the equivalent figure for Vietnam is just 25%).
Spekkens toy model
The Spekkens toy model is a conceptually simple toy hidden-variable theory introduced by Robert Spekkens in 2004, to argue in favour of the epistemic view of quantum mechanics. The model is based on a foundational principle: "If one has maximal knowledge, then for every system, at every time, the amount of knowledge one possesses about the ontic state of the system at that time must equal the amount of knowledge one lacks." This is called the "knowledge balance principle". Within the bounds of this model, many phenomena typically associated with strictly quantum-mechanical effects are present. These include (but are not limited to) entanglement, noncommutativity of measurements, teleportation, interference, the no-cloning and no-broadcasting theorems, and unsharp measurements. The toy model cannot, however, reproduce quantum nonlocality and quantum contextuality, as it is a local and non-contextual hidden-variable theory.

Robert Spekkens
Robert W. Spekkens is a Canadian theoretical quantum physicist working in the fields of quantum foundations and quantum information.

He is known for his work on epistemic view of quantum states (in particular the Spekkens toy model), quantum contextuality, quantum resource theories and quantum causality.

He co-edited the book Quantum Theory: Informational Foundations and Foils.
Overfaldet paa postaapnerens datter
Overfaldet paa postaapnerens datter eller Kampen om pengebrevet (The Assault on the Postman's Daughter, or The Battle for the Money Order) is a Norwegian silent film from 1913 directed by Ottar Gladtvet. It was a Western-inspired melodrama. The film is considered lost.

Ottar Gladtvet
Alf Ottar Gladtvet (September 1, 1890 – June 9, 1962) was a Norwegian filmmaker and pioneer in the film industry. He made documentaries, feature films, commercials, animated films, newsreels. and many short films. He also worked as a cinema machinist and cinema director.
2011 Tunisian Constituent Assembly election
An election for a constituent assembly in Tunisia was announced on 3 March 2011 and held on 23 October 2011, following the Tunisian revolution. The Assembly had 217 members. It was the first free election held in Tunisia since the country's independence in 1956, as well as the first election in the Arab world held after the start of the Arab Spring.

The result was announced after counting began on 25 October 2011, and Ennahda won a plurality of votes.

Hamadi Jebali
Hamadi Jebali (Arabic: حمادي الجبالي, Ḥammādī al-Jibālī; born 12 January 1949) is a Tunisian engineer, politician, and journalist who was Prime Minister of Tunisia from December 2011 to March 2013. He was the Secretary-General of the Ennahda Movement, a moderate Islamic party in Tunisia, until he left his party in December 2014 in the course of the 2014 Tunisian presidential election.
USS Charrette
USS Charrette (DD-581) was a Fletcher-class destroyer of the United States Navy, named for Lieutenant George Charrette (1867–1938), who was awarded the Medal of Honor for heroism during the Spanish–American War. Entering service during World War II, she spent her career in the Pacific Theater. Placed in reserve following the war, Charette was transferred to the Kingdom of Greece in 1959 and renamed Velos (D16), remaining in service until 1991 before being preserved as a museum ship at Palaio Faliro, Athens.

Fiumicino
Fiumicino (Italian: [fjumiˈtʃiːno]) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 80,500 (2019). It is known for being the site of Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, the busiest airport in Italy and the eighth-busiest in Europe, which serves Rome and much of central Italy.
Trade Act 2021
The Trade Act 2021 (c. 10) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to make provision about the implementation of international trade agreements. It was introduced to the House of Commons on 19 March 2020 by the Secretary of State for International Trade Liz Truss, and introduced to the House of Lords on 21 July 2020 by Lord Grimstone of Boscobel. It received royal assent on 29 April 2021.

The law established the Trade Remedies Authority.

David Alton
David Patrick Paul Alton, Baron Alton of Liverpool, KCSG, KCMCO (born 15 March 1951) is a British-Irish politician, formerly a Member of Parliament for the Liberal Party and later Liberal Democrat who has sat as a crossbench member of the House of Lords since 1997 when he was made a life peer. Alton is also known for his human rights work including the co-founding of Jubilee Action, the children's charity (which changed its name to Chance for Childhood in 2014), and serves as chair, patron or trustee of several charities and voluntary organisations.

In December 2024 Alton was elected Chair of the UK Parliament Joint Committee on Human Rights.

Alton is a visiting professor of Liverpool Hope University, an Ambassador Fellow of Liverpool John Moores University, and a former President of the Catholic Union of Great Britain.
Louis XVII
Louis XVII (born Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy; 27 March 1785 – 8 June 1795) was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen Marie Antoinette. His older brother, Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France, died in June 1789, a little over a month before the start of the French Revolution. At his brother's death he became the new Dauphin (heir apparent to the throne), a title he held until 1791, when the new constitution accorded the heir apparent the title of Prince Royal.

When his father was executed on 21 January 1793, during the middle period of the French Revolution, he automatically succeeded as King of France, Louis XVII, in the eyes of the royalists. France was by then a republic, and since Louis-Charles was imprisoned and died in captivity in June 1795, he never actually ruled. Nevertheless, in 1814 after the Bourbon Restoration, his uncle acceded to the throne and was proclaimed his successor, as Louis XVIII.

Philippe Delorme
Philippe Delorme (born 22 January 1960 in Pantin, Seine-Saint-Denis) is a French historian and journalist, whose articles have appeared in Point de Vue, Point de Vue Histoire, and Valeurs actuelles, among others.