hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Panyu, Guangzhou
Panyu, formerly romanized as Punyü, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Since January 1975, Panyu County has been under Guangzhou's administration. In 1992, Panyu County was renamed to Panyu county-level city, still under Guangzhou's administration. It was subsequently renamed to Panyu District on 10 July 2000. The present district covers an area of about 530 km2 (200 sq mi).

Line 18 (Guangzhou Metro)
Line 18 of the Guangzhou Metro (Chinese: 广州地铁18号线; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Dìtiě Shíbāhàoxiàn) is a rapid transit express line in Guangzhou with trains operating up to 160 km/h (99 mph). It runs in a south-north direction, connecting Wanqingsha in Nansha District, Panyu Square in Panyu District, Modiesha in Haizhu District, Zhujiang New Town and Guangzhou East Railway Station in Tianhe District. The line commenced service on 28 September 2021.

Currently, there are train attendants on board each train. In the future, trains will operate fully driverless GoA4 mode when sufficient reliability from the signaling system has been confirmed.
City Mission Society
The City Mission Society was a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. In 2023 it decided to close: the final service was celebrated at Old South Church which received its assets and will continue some of its programs. The archives were moved to the Congregational Library in Boston.

City Mission Society had been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies.

Old South Church
Old South Church (also known as New Old South Church or Third Church), is a historic United Church of Christ congregation in Boston, Massachusetts, first organized in 1669. Its present building at 645 Boylston Street in Copley Square, built on newly filled land in the Back Bay section of Boston, was completed in 1873. It was designed in the Gothic Revival style by Charles Amos Cummings and Willard T. Sears, while the campanile was designed by the architects Allen & Collens and added between 1935 and 1937. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1970 for its architectural significance as one of the finest High Victorian Gothic churches in New England. It is home to one of the oldest religious communities in the United States.
First Battle of Winchester
The First Battle of Winchester, fought on May 25, 1862, in and around Frederick County, Virginia, and Winchester, Virginia, was a major victory in Confederate Army Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's Campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Jackson enveloped the right flank of the Union Army under Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks and pursued it as it fled across the Potomac River into Maryland. Jackson's success in achieving force concentration early in the fighting allowed him to secure a more decisive victory which had escaped him in previous battles of the campaign.

Winchester, Virginia, in the American Civil War
The city of Winchester, Virginia, and the surrounding area were the site of numerous battles during the American Civil War, as the contending armies strove to control the lower Shenandoah Valley. Winchester changed hands more often than any other Confederate city.
Waingroves
Waingroves is a large village in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, England, approximately two miles away from the town of Ripley. It is in the civil parish of Codnor. In woodland to the south of the village, there are remains of a colliery site.

Ripley, Derbyshire
Ripley is a market town and civil parish in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, England. It lies north-east of Derby, north-west of Heanor, south-west of Alfreton and north-east of Belper. The town is contiguous with Heanor, Eastwood and Ilkeston,  as part of the wider Nottingham Urban Area.
Jean Chardin
Jean Chardin (born Jean-Baptiste Chardin; 16 November 1643 – 5 January 1713), known as Sir John Chardin in England, was a French-born English jeweller, traveller and writer whose ten-volume book The Travels of Sir John Chardin is regarded as one of the finest works of early Western scholarship on Safavid Iran and the Near East in general.

Chardin baronets
The Chardin Baronetcy, of the Inner Temple in London, was a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 28 May 1720 for John Chardin, son of the noted French-born jeweller and traveller Sir John Chardin.

Before 1741 he bought Kempton Park, Middlesex. He never married and the title became extinct on his death in 1755, his eldest sister's husband inheriting most of his probate assets who was Sir Philip Musgrave, 6th Baronet.
Japan Rail Pass
The Japan Rail Pass (ジャパンレールパス, japan rēru pasu), also called the JR Pass, is a rail pass sold by the Japan Railways Group exclusively for overseas visitors. It is valid for travel on all major forms of transportation provided by the JR Group in Japan, with a few exceptions. The pass is designed to stimulate travel and tourism throughout the country. It is cost effective only for long-distance travel, particularly by bullet train. Its use is limited within larger cities, as private operators generally do not accept it.

San'yō Shinkansen
The San'yō Shinkansen (Japanese: 山陽新幹線; lit. 'Southern new main line') is a line of the Japanese Shinkansen high-speed rail network, connecting Shin-Osaka in Osaka with Hakata Station in Fukuoka, the two largest cities in western Japan. Operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West), it is a westward continuation of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen and also serves other major cities in between on Honshu and Kyushu islands such as Kobe, Himeji, Okayama, Hiroshima, and Kitakyushu, through the Shin-Kanmon Tunnel. The Kyushu Shinkansen continues south of Hakata to Kagoshima. The San'yō Shinkansen connects Hakata with Osaka in two and a half hours, with trains operating at a maximum speed of 300 km/h (186 mph) for most of the journey. Some Nozomi trains operate continuously on San'yō and Tōkaidō Shinkansen lines, connecting Tokyo and Hakata in five hours.
Looney Tunes Cartoons
Looney Tunes Cartoons is an American animated television series developed by Pete Browngardt and produced by Warner Bros. Animation, based on the characters from Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies. The series made its worldwide debut at the Annecy International Animation Film Festival on June 10, 2019, and premiered on HBO Max on May 27, 2020.

Beaky Buzzard
Beaky Buzzard (initially known as "Killer") is an animated cartoon character in the Warner Bros. Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons.

He is a young turkey vulture (sometimes called a "buzzard" in the United States) with black body feathers and a white tuft around his throat. His neck is long and thin, bending 90 degrees at an enormous Adam's apple. His neck and head are featherless, and his beak and feet are large and yellow or orange, depending on the cartoon. The character is depicted as simpleminded with drawled speech, a perpetual silly grin, and partially-closed eyes.

Beaky was partly based on Edgar Bergen's puppet Mortimer Snerd.
SSPH Primus
The Singapore Self-Propelled Howitzer 1 (SSPH 1) Primus is a self-propelled howitzer armed with a 155 mm howitzer. Developed jointly by the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA) and Singapore Technologies Kinetics (ST Kinetics), it was officially inducted to the Singapore Artillery in 2004. Primus is derived from the Artillery motto In Oriente Primus (Latin: "First in the East").

At the time of introduction in 2002, SSPH Primus was recognized as the world's lightest 155mm, 39 calibre tracked howitzer of its kind.

Bionix (family of armoured fighting vehicles)
The Bionix (BX) is a family of tracked Singaporean armoured fighting vehicles jointly developed by the former Defence Material Organisation of the Ministry of Defence of Singapore (now Defence Science and Technology Agency (DSTA)), and the former Singapore Technologies Automotive (STA) (now ST Engineering).  Intended to augment the Singapore Army's aging M113 armoured personnel carriers, it is the first indigenous armoured vehicle to be developed in Southeast Asia.  The Bionix has been operational with the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) since 1999 in a wide variety of adaptations including the Bionix II, Bionix 25 and Bionix 40/50 variants.

Aside from domestic use, ST Kinetics has been marketing the Bionix to countries that wish to retire their old M113s from front-line service.
Porth Navas
Porth Navas (Cornish: Porth an Navas) is a small village in Cornwall, England, UK. The village was called "Cove" until the 19th century development as a granite port and is at the head of a short creek running off the main limb which runs north from the Helford River. It is between Mawnan Smith and Constantine within the civil parish of Constantine.

Constantine, Cornwall
Constantine (/ˈkɒns.tənˌtaɪn/) (Cornish: Lanngostentin, meaning church enclosure of St Constantine) is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated approximately five miles (8 km) west-southwest of Falmouth. The electoral ward also bears the same name but includes Budock Water and the surrounding area. At the 2011 census, the population of the ward was 4,709 and the population of the civil parish was 1,789. The parish of Constantine is bounded by the parishes of Mabe, Mawnan, Gweek, Wendron and the north bank of the Helford River.

Constantine is named after Saint Constantine, a 6th-century Cornish saint possibly identified with a minor British king Constantine.
Provisional Priamurye Government
The Provisional Priamurye Government or Provisional Priamur Government (Russian: Приамурский земский край) existed in the region of Priamurye of the Russian Far East between May 27, 1921 and June 16, 1923. It was the last Russian State enclave during the Russian Civil War.

Yakut revolt (1921)
The Yakut revolt (Russian: Якутский мятеж, romanized: Yakutsky myatezh) or the Yakut expedition (Russian: Якутский поход, romanized: Yakutsky pokhod) was the last episode and final set of military engagements of the Russian Civil War. The hostilities took place between September 1921 and June 1923 and were centered on the Ayano-Maysky District of the Russian Far East.
Chino Hills
The Chino Hills (/ˈtʃiːnoʊ/ CHEE-noh; chino being Spanish for 'curly') are a mountain range on the border of Orange, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino counties, California, with a small portion in Riverside County. Chino Hills State Park preserves open space and habitat in them.

Puente Hills
The Puente Hills are a chain of hills, one of the lower Transverse Ranges, in an unincorporated area in eastern Los Angeles County, California, in the United States. The western end of the range is often referred to locally as the Whittier Hills. The eastern end is in the city of Chino Hills in San Bernardino County.
WS2500
The WS2500 is a 20-ton 10x10 special heavy-duty truck used by the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the principal mobility platforms in mounting China's medium-range ballistic missiles and other conventional missile assets.

It is a general-purpose heavy-duty truck/transported developed from the original WS2400 and is built by Wanshan Special Vehicle.

Wanshan Special Vehicle
Wanshan Special Vehicle, officially Hubei Sanjiang Space Wanshan Special Vehicle Co., Ltd (Ch:湖北三江航天万山特种车辆有限公司), is a truck and bus manufacturer in China. Its WS-series military trucks are used by the People's Liberation Army; it is a major manufacturer of transporter erector launchers (TEL).
Clouston Park
Clouston Park is a suburb of Upper Hutt in the Wellington Region of New Zealand, located 0.5–2.5 km east-northeast from the city centre. It was predominantly developed in the 1970s and 1980s. While the suburb is predominantly flat, there are a few larger homes situated on the lower slopes of the Eastern Hutt Valley Hills that offer wide views of the Upper Hutt Valley.

Clouston Park can be accessed from SH2 by exiting at either Totara Park Road or Mangaroa Hill Road. It is bordered by Ebdentown to the west (Henry Street onwards), Totara Park to the north (by crossing SH2 at Totara Park Road) and Maoribank to the northeast (by crossing Mangaroa Hill Road).

Clouston Park has two small shopping centres, situated on Clouston Park Road and Fergusson Drive. There is also a light industrial area located on Montgomery Crescent and Mountbatten Grove.

Maoribank
Maoribank is a suburb of Upper Hutt, located 2–3 km east-northeast of the city centre. It was predominantly developed between 1950-1970.

It is located at the base of the Eastern Hutt Valley Hills, on a slight incline. Maoribank can be accessed from SH2 by exiting at either Mangaroa Hill Road or Moeraki Road. It is bordered by Timberlea by following Norana Road up the hill to the northeast, Brown Owl by crossing SH2, and Clouston Park to the southwest by crossing Mangaroa Hill Road. The Mangaroa Valley can be accessed by traversing Mangaroa Hill Road over the Mangaroa Hill in the Eastern Hutt Valley Hills.

While there are no shops in Maoribank, residents have access to a service station and small shopping centre in neighbouring Brown Owl. The shops in Central Upper Hutt are only 2 to 3 km away.
Jarreau, Louisiana
Jarreau (pronounced Jah Row) is an unincorporated community in the 7th Ward of Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, United States. Jarreau is located approximately 30 miles northwest of Baton Rouge, and is a part of the Baton Rouge metropolitan area.

The community is located on the banks of False River. It is situated on the southern end of this ox-bow lake, in an area known as "The Island". The community is served by Louisiana Highway 413, known locally as Island Road. The area is also known for fishing and boating with the main publicly accessible boat launch on the southern end of False River being located here.

Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana
Pointe Coupee Parish (/ˈpɔɪnt kəˈpiː/ or /ˈpwɑːnt kuːˈpeɪ/; French: Paroisse de la Pointe-Coupée) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,758. The parish seat is New Roads.

Pointe Coupee Parish is part of the Baton Rouge metropolitan area. In 2010, the center of population of Louisiana was located in Pointe Coupee Parish, in the city of New Roads.
The Thirty-Nine Steps
The Thirty-Nine Steps is a 1915 adventure novel by the Scottish author John Buchan, first published by William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh. It was serialized in All-Story Weekly issues of 5 and 12 June 1915, and in Blackwood's Magazine (credited to "H. de V.") between July and September 1915, before being published in book form in October of that year. It is the first of five novels featuring Richard Hannay, an all-action hero with a stiff upper lip and a knack for getting himself out of tricky situations.

The novel has been adapted many times, including several films and a long-running stage play. In 2003, the book was listed on the BBC's Big Read poll of Britain's "best-loved novels."

Blackwood (publishing house)
William Blackwood and Sons was a Scottish publishing house and printer founded by William Blackwood in 1804. It played a key role in literary history, publishing many important authors, for example John Buchan, George Tomkyns Chesney, Joseph Conrad, Miles Franklin, George Eliot, E. M. Forster, John Galt, John Neal, Thomas De Quincey, Charles Reade, Margaret Oliphant, John Hanning Speke and Anthony Trollope, both in books and in the monthly Blackwood’s Magazine.
2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference or Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC, more commonly referred to as COP27, was the 27th United Nations Climate Change conference, held from 6 November until 20 November 2022 in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. It took place under the presidency of Egyptian Minister of Foreign Affairs Sameh Shoukry, with more than 92 heads of state and an estimated 35,000 representatives, or delegates, of 190 countries attending. It was the fifth climate summit held in Africa, and the first since 2016.

The conference has been held annually (except 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic) since the first UN climate agreement in 1992. It is used by governments to agree on policies to limit global temperature rises and adapt to impacts associated with climate change. The conference led to the first loss-and-damage fund being created.

Alok Sharma
Alok Kumar Sharma, Baron Sharma (born 7 September 1967), is a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as President for COP26 from 2021 to 2022, having previously served as Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy from 2020 to 2021 and Secretary of State for International Development from 2019 to 2020. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Reading West from 2010 to 2024 and has been a member of the House of Lords since 2024.

Sharma served in Theresa May's government as Minister of State for Housing from 2017 to 2018 and as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Employment from 2018 to 2019. Sharma was the president for the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) and negotiated the Glasgow Climate Pact.
Franz Berwald
Franz  Adolf Berwald (23 July 1796 – 3 April 1868) was a Swedish Romantic composer and violinist. He made his living as an orthopedist and later as the manager of a saw mill and glass factory, and became more appreciated as a composer after his death than he had been in his lifetime. Prominent in his oeuvre are several operas, much chamber music and four symphonies.

The Dressmaker (opera)
Modehandlerskan (The Modiste or The Dressmaker) is a three-act operetta by Franz Berwald, to a libretto by the composer and others.

The piece was written in Elfvik in 1843. Excerpts were first performed at the Royal Swedish Opera, Stockholm on 26 March 1845 (described by New Grove as 'a fiasco'), with a vocal score being published that year.

The overture was recorded for CD in 1995 by the St Petersburg Hermitage Orchestra conducted by Mats Liljefors.
August 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 2 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 4

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 16 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 3, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 21.

August 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
August 3 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - August 5

All fixed commemorations below are observed on August 17 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For August 4, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on July 22.
Carhagouha
44°46′00″N 80°05′18″W﻿ / ﻿44.766755°N 80.088272°W﻿ / 44.766755; -80.088272

Carhagouha was a settlement of the Huron/Wendat people. The place where it is thought to have existed, near present-day Lafontaine, Ontario, Canada, is commemorated with a historical marker. Carhagouha was the site of the first Catholic Mass celebrated in what is now Ontario, on August 12 (or June 24), 1615, by Fr. Joseph Le Caron (member of the Recollets order) in the presence of French explorer, Samuel de Champlain, and the Wendat.

Each year a Mass is celebrated to mark the anniversary. The exact place is not precisely known.

It was also the name of the village that Father Joseph Le Caron was staying in when Samuel de Champlain arrived in Huronia in 1615 to assist them in their war against the Iroquois.

Huronia (region)
Huronia (Wendat: Wendake) is a historical region in the province of Ontario, Canada. It is positioned between lakes Simcoe, Ontario, and Huron. Similarly to the latter, it takes its name from the Wendat or Huron, an Iroquoian-speaking people, whose country it was from prehistoric times until 1649 during the Beaver Wars when they were defeated and displaced by the Haudenosaunee who lived in New York. After their displacement, the Huron-Wendat relocated to Oklahoma (Wyandotte) and Québec, the latter of whom made peace with the British in 1760 and settled their modern country of Nionwentsïo, the capital of which is Wendake.
Jiemian News
Jiemian News (simplified Chinese: 界面新闻; traditional Chinese: 界面新聞; pinyin: Jièmiànxīnwén) is a financial and business news media outlet established by the Shanghai United Media Group in September 2014.

Shanghai United Media Group
The Shanghai United Media Group (SUMG) is a state media company of the People's Republic of China overseen by the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The headquarter of the Group is located at 755 Weihai Road in Shanghai.
Carife
Carife (Latin: Callifae; Irpino: Carìfë) is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. In the year 2001, the population was 1,697.

Located in the Apennines between the Ufita Valley and Daunian Mountains, the town is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ariano Irpino-Lacedonia. Its territory borders the municipalities of Castel Baronia, Frigento, Guardia Lombardi, San Nicola Baronia, Sturno, Trevico and Vallata.

Trevico
Trevico is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, southern Italy.

Located in the Apennines upon a steep hill at 3,576 feet (1,090 m) altitude, Trevico is the highest inhabited place in Campania. Its main produce are hams, chestnuts and potatoes, each of them is awarded PAT quality mark.

The town is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ariano Irpino-Lacedonia and its territory borders with the municipalities of Carife, Castel Baronia, San Nicola Baronia, San Sossio Baronia, Scampitella, Vallata, and Vallesaccarda.
People's Policy Project
People's Policy Project (abbreviated 3P) is an American think tank focused on social, economic, and political equity issues. It has been described as "left-leaning", "left-wing", "democratic socialist–leaning", and "socialist". The organization has been noted for its unique funding structure: Unlike conventional think tanks, 3P relies on crowdfunding small donations, as opposed to financial support from corporations.

The founder and president of 3P is Matt Bruenig, a former lawyer at the National Labor Relations Board and former contributor to the US think tank Demos. 3P's work has been covered by Vox, Jacobin, and Huffington Post.

The Gravel Institute
The Gravel Institute (/ɡrəˈvɛl/ grə-VELL) was a progressive left-wing advocacy group founded in 2020 that aimed to counteract American conservative think tanks in general, particularly PragerU. The Gravel Institute was named for its founder Mike Gravel, a former United States senator from Alaska and two-time U.S. presidential candidate. The Gravel Institute promoted left-wing views, including wealth redistribution, criticism of United States foreign policy, and direct democracy.