hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
The Life of Man
The Life of Man (Russian: Жизнь человека, romanized: Zhizn cheloveka) is a five-act symbolist drama by Leonid Andreyev. Written in September 1906, it premiered on 22 February 1907 at the Komissarzhevskaya Theatre, directed by Vsevolod Meyerkhold. On 12 December 1907 it was performed for the first time at the Moscow Art Theatre, directed by Konstantin Stanislavski and Leopold Sulerzhitsky.

An allegorical play, stylized to some extent after Maeterlinck's "static" plays, it is recognized now as a dramatic summary of several important short stories and novellas by Andreyev of the 1903–1906 period ("The Wall", "The Thought", "The Life of Vasily Fiveysky"), focusing, through a set of abstract and schematic characters and scenes, upon the meaning of human life, or rather the tragic lack of it, epitomized by the mysterious Someone in Grey, the symbol of both disinterested God and desperate human mind.

Leonid Andreyev
Leonid Nikolaievich Andreyev (Russian: Леони́д Никола́евич Андре́ев, 21 August [O.S. 9 August] 1871 – 12 September 1919) was a Russian playwright, novelist and short-story writer, who is considered to be a father of Expressionism in Russian literature. He is regarded as one of the most talented and prolific representatives of the Silver Age literary period. Andreyev's style combines the elements of realist, naturalist, and symbolist schools in literature. Of his 25 plays, his 1915 play He Who Gets Slapped is regarded as his finest achievement.
Tony de la Rosa
Antonio de la Rosa (October 31, 1931, in Sarita, Texas – June 2, 2004) was an influential tejano musician. He was noted for producing dynamic and harmonic accordion runs on the two-row button accordion.

De la Rosa's recording session took place in 1949 for Arco Récords of Alice, Texas. De la Rosa introduced several important innovations into conjunto music, including the practice of slowing polka tempos down to 110–115 beats per minute, as well as the use of amplified bajo sexto and bass.  He was hired by Ideal Records in the early 1950s to be their staff accordionist.  He left Ideal in 1955 in order to lead his own band.

Conjunto
The term conjunto (Spanish pronunciation: [koŋˈxunto], literally 'group', 'ensemble') refers to several types of small musical ensembles present in different Latin American musical traditions, mainly in Mexico and Cuba. While Mexican conjuntos play styles such as norteño and tejano, Cuban conjuntos specialize in the son, as well as its derivations such as salsa.
Yusif Yakubu
Yusif Yakubu (born 4 September 1976) is a Ghanaian former professional footballer who played as a forward. He scored a total of 148 I-League goals from 2000 to 2014, and is regarded as one of the best foreigners in history of football in India.

Churchill Brothers FC
Churchill Brothers Football Club, commonly known as Churchill Brothers, is an Indian professional football club based in Margao, Goa, that competes  the Goa Professional League. Founded in 1988, the club usually participated in the National Football League, then top tier of the Indian football league system.

The club has won the I-League title twice and secured a position among the top three on nine other occasions in the national league. It has also won eight Goa League Champions Cups, three Durand Cups, and a Federation Cup. Churchill Brothers emerged as fourth ranked Indian and 648th universally, in the international rankings of clubs during 2001–2010, issued by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics in 2011.
State Road, North Carolina
State Road is an unincorporated community located in the Bryan Township of Surry County, North Carolina and part of Edwards Township in eastern Wilkes County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the State Road postal district (28676) had a total population of 6,022. The community's unique name is derived from its location on U.S. Route 21. Legend has it that when US 21 was first being built, locals constructed a horseshoe pit on the graded road surface. On Sunday afternoons when they got together to pitch horseshoes, they would say "let's go to state road" and the name stuck.

Wilkes County, North Carolina
Wilkes County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is a part of the state's western mountain region. The population was 65,969 at the 2020 census. Its county seat is Wilkesboro, and its largest community is North Wilkesboro. Wilkes County comprises the North Wilkesboro, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Float (parade)
A float is a decorated platform, either built on a vehicle like a truck or towed behind one, which is a component of many festive parades, such as those of Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, the Carnival in São Paulo, the Carnival of Viareggio, the Maltese Carnival, the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Mardi Gras in New Orleans, the Gasparilla Pirate Festival, the 500 Festival Parade, the United States Presidential Inaugural Parade, and the Tournament of Roses Parade. For the latter event, floats are decorated entirely in flowers or other plant material.

Carnival of Viareggio
The Carnival of Viareggio (Italian: Carnevale di Viareggio) is a carnival event annually held in the Tuscan city of Viareggio, Italy. It is considered amongst the most renowned carnival celebrations in both Italy and Europe.
Apostolic Vicariate of Herzegovina
Apostolic Vicariate of Herzegovina (Latin: Vicariatus Apostolicus in Hercegovina; Croatian: Apostolski vikarijat u Hercegovini) was an apostolic vicariate of the Catholic Church in the Ottoman Herzegovina that existed between 1846 and 1881, when it was abolished with the Diocese of Mostar-Duvno established on its place.

The date when the Apostolic Vicariate of Herzegovina was established is unknown, but it was sometime in 1846. It was established on the initiative of the Herzegovinian Franciscans and with aid from Ali Pasha Rizvanbegović, the vizier of Herzegovina. Its first apostolic vicar was Bishop Rafael Barišić, a Franciscan, previously apostolic vicar of Bosnia. The establishment of the vicariate in Herzegovina reinvigorated the religious life of Catholics.

The vicariate was abolished on 5 July 1881 by Pope Leo XIII, who established the Diocese of Mostar-Duvno in its place. Paškal Buconjić, the last apostolic vicar of Herzegovina, was named the first bishop of Mostar-Duvno.

Magydus
Magydus (Ancient Greek: Μάγυδος, romanized: Magydos) was a city and bishopric of ancient Pamphylia on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Asia Minor. It is probably the same as Mygdale (Μυγδάλη) described in the Stadiasmus Maris Magni.

Its site was probably at modern Lara (Antalya province), where there are ruins of a small artificial harbour.
Temptation (1923 film)
Temptation is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Edward LeSaint and starring Bryant Washburn, Eva Novak, and June Elvidge. The film was released by the CBC Film Sales Corporation, which would later become Columbia Pictures.

Edward LeSaint
Edward LeSaint (January 1, 1871 – September 10, 1940) was an American stage and film actor and director whose career began in the silent era. He acted in over 300 films and directed more than 90. He was sometimes credited as Edward J. Le Saint. LeSaint typically portrayed characters in roles of authority, including over 30 roles, both credited and uncredited, as a judge.
Lucile Bluford
Lucile Harris Bluford (July 1, 1911 – June 13, 2003) was a journalist and opponent of segregation in America's education system, and after whom the Lucile H. Bluford Branch of the Kansas City Public Library is named.

Kansas City Public Library
The Kansas City Public Library is a public system headquartered in the Central Library in Kansas City, Missouri.

The system operates its Central Library and neighborhood branches located in Kansas City, Independence, and Sugar Creek. Founded on December 5, 1873, it is the oldest and third largest public library system in the Kansas City metropolitan area.

Its special collections, housed in the Central Library's Missouri Valley Room, has a collection of Kansas City local history, including original and published materials, news articles, post cards, photographs, maps, and city directories dating from the community's earliest history. The Library's Ramos Collection includes books, pamphlets, journal articles, and other materials relating to African-American history and culture.
Gbenga Daniel
Gbenga Daniel listenⓘ(born 6 April 1956) is a Nigerian politician who served as Senator for Ogun East since 2023. He previously served as governor of Ogun State from 2003 to 2011.

He is the owner of Kresta Laurel, an Electro-mechanical Engineering company, he started in 1990. He is also the Founder of Conference Hotels with branches in Ijebu-Ode, Sagamu, Abeokuta and Isheri part of Lagos.

As governor, his programs on Public Private Partnership attracted several businesses into the State during his tenure.

University of Lagos
The University of Lagos (UNILAG) is a public research university located in Lagos, Nigeria, which was founded in 1962. UNILAG is one of the first generation universities in Nigeria and is ranked among the top universities in Africa in major education publications. The university presently has three campuses in the mainland of Lagos. Whereas two of its campuses are located at Yaba (the main campus in Akoka and the recently created campus at the former school of radiography), its college of medicine is located at Idi-Araba, Surulere. Its main campus is largely surrounded by the Lagos Lagoon and has 802 acres of land. As of 2024, the University of Lagos admits around 8,500 undergraduate students annually and enrolls over 57,000 students.
New Hampshire Route 151
New Hampshire Route 151 (abbreviated NH 151) is a 6.370-mile-long (10.252 km) north–south highway in Rockingham County in southeastern New Hampshire. The road runs between North Hampton and Greenland. NH 151 is locally named Post Road. For most of its length, NH 151 parallels Interstate 95, but there are no interchanges with I-95.

The southern terminus of NH 151 is at U.S. Route 1 (Lafayette Road) in North Hampton. The northern terminus is at New Hampshire Route 33 near the Pease International Tradeport in Greenland.

North Hampton, New Hampshire
North Hampton is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,538 at the 2020 census. While the majority of the town is inland, North Hampton includes a part of New Hampshire's limited Atlantic seacoast.
Richard Suskind
Richard Suskind (May 2, 1925 – September 14, 1999) was a children's author who participated with author Clifford Irving in creating a fraudulent autobiography of the reclusive entrepreneur Howard Hughes. Suskind was incarcerated for five months of a six-month prison sentence for his role in collaborating with Irving on the hoax. He died in 1999, aged 74.

He was portrayed in the 2007 film The Hoax by Alfred Molina.

The Hoax
The Hoax is a 2006 American comedy-drama film starring Richard Gere, directed by Swedish filmmaker Lasse Hallström. The screenplay by William Wheeler is based on the book of the same title by Clifford Irving. It recounts Irving's elaborate hoax of publishing an autobiography of Howard Hughes that he purportedly helped write, without ever having talked with Hughes.

The screenplay was considerably different from the book. Hired as a technical adviser to the film, Irving was displeased with the product and later asked to have his name removed from the credits. It nonetheless earned a positive critical reception, but was a box office bomb, grossing only $11.8 million against a budget of $25 million.
Paris School District
Paris School District 7  is a school district in Paris, Arkansas, United States.

The district encompasses 223.90 square miles (579.9 km2) of land in Logan County, and serves Paris, New Blaine, and a section of Subiaco.

In 1968 the Logan County school district merged into the Paris district.

Subiaco, Arkansas
Subiaco is a town in Logan County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, Subiaco had a population of 401.

The town is named after Subiaco Abbey, which is located there, and which donated 80 acres (32 hectares) in the early 20th century for a townsite and railroad connection. Founded as a priory in 1878, Subiaco Abbey was established and named by Pope Leo XIII in 1891, after the Italian city of that name in the Lazio region, where St. Benedict founded his first monastery. The town celebrated the arrival of its first train in June 1909.
Coachella, California
Coachella (/ˌkoʊəˈtʃɛlə/ KOH-ə-CHEL-ə, commonly /koʊˈtʃɛlə/ koh-CHEL-ə) is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. It is the namesake and easternmost city of the Coachella Valley, in Southern California's Colorado Desert. Originally a railroad town, Coachella is a prominent hub for agriculture and shipping across Southern California and the Western United States.

Coachella had a population of 41,941 in the 2020 Census. The city is officially bilingual in English and Spanish, with 90% of people speaking Spanish.

Spanish language in California
The Spanish language is the second-most commonly spoken language in California (after the English language), spoken by 28.18 percent (10,434,308) of the population in 2021. Californian Spanish (español californiano) is a set of varieties of Spanish spoken in California, including the historical variety known as Californio Spanish (español californio).

Spanish was first introduced to California in 1542 and has since become deeply entwined with California's cultural landscape and history. Spanish was the official administrative language in California through the Spanish and Mexican periods until 1848, when Alta California was ceded from Mexico to the United States following the U.S. Conquest of California. Early American governments in California protected the rights of Spanish speakers in the 1849 Constitution of California, but those constitutional protections were removed in 1879.
Pakistani cricket team in Bangladesh in 2021–22
The Pakistan cricket team toured Bangladesh in November and December 2021 to play two Test and three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. The Test series was part of the 2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship. The fixtures for the tour were confirmed in September 2021. Pakistan last toured Bangladesh in April and May 2015.

Pakistan won the first T20I match by four wickets, and the second match by eight wickets to win the series with a game to play. Pakistan won the third T20I match by five wickets to win the series 3–0. Pakistan won the first Test by eight wickets. Despite rain washing out most of day two and all of day three of the second Test, Pakistan won by an innings and eight runs late on the fifth day to win the series 2–0.

Saif Hassan
Mohammad Saif Hassan (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ সাইফ হাসান; born 30 October 1998) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He plays primarily as a right-handed top-order batter and occasional off-spin bowler, representing Bangladesh in the Test, ODI, and T20I formats since 2020. His versatility at the top of the order has made him a recurring selection in Bangladesh’s multi-format squads.
He made his international debut during the Bangladesh national team's tour of Pakistan in February 2020.
Marcos Martín (cartoonist)
Marcos Martín Milanés (Barcelona, 1972) is a Spanish comic book artist, who usually draws for American comics. Notable works include Batgirl: Year One, Breach, Doctor Strange: The Oath, The Amazing Spider-Man, Daredevil and The Private Eye. He is also known as a prolific cover artist for a number of publishers in the industry, including Marvel and DC Comics.

Paolo Rivera
Paolo Manuel Rivera is an American comic book artist. He is known for illustrating the Mythos series of one-shots and several issues of Spider-Man as well as his collaboration with writer Mark Waid, his father/inker Joe Rivera and colorist Javier Rodríguez on Daredevil. Although gaining acclaim and recognition through his early fully painted works, he has since moved on to more traditional comics process of pencilling, inking, and coloring (with some occasional sculpting).
Time Travel Tondekeman
Time Travel Tondekeman (たいむとらぶる トンデケマン!, Taimu Toraburu Tondekeman) is an anime series directed by Kunihiko Yuyama and Akira Sugino. It was written by Junki Takegami and produced by Masao Takiyama.

It was originally broadcast by Fuji Television in Japan between 19 October 1989 and 26 August 1990.  Time Quest, as it was called outside Japan, was first aired in the Philippines in 1992 on IBC.  It was reaired on ABC (now The 5 Network) in 2000 and GMA Network in 2015. It also was aired in Indosiar, Indonesia during 1995, and it was rerun in Space Toon Indonesia since the year 2008.

Junki Takegami
Junki Takegami (武上 純希, Takegami Junki; born February 26, 1955) is a Japanese animation and tokusatsu screenwriter. His real name is Shōzō Yamazaki (山崎 昌三, Yamazaki Shouzou), he has also used the alias Keiji Tanimoto (谷本 敬次, Tanimoto Keiji) in the past.
Irene Ferri
Irene Ferri (born 29 March 1972) is an Italian actress and television presenter.

Born in Rome, Italy, Ferri studied acting at Actors Studio in New York, with Susan Strasberg as tutor, and later at Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia. She debuted as a film actress in 1995 in Giacomo Battiato's Cronaca di un amore violato; in the same period she starred in several commercials and was the television hostess of the RAI children's television programs A Tutto Disney and Solletico. She played main roles in several TV-series such as Questa casa non è un albergo, Sospetti, Le ragioni del cuore, and supporting roles in TV-series such as Tutti pazzi per amore and in films including Fascisti su Marte and Il giorno in più.

Le ragioni del cuore
Le ragioni del cuore ("The reasons of the heart") is a 2002 Italian romantic comedy mini series directed by Luca Manfredi, Anna Di Francisca and Alberto Simone. It was broadcast on Rai Uno. It consists of six episodes, each having a budget of about 1 billion and 800 million lire. Every episode has a special guest-star (Nino Manfredi, Alessandro Benvenuti, Nando Gazzolo, Gioele Dix, Francesco Paolantoni, Rodolfo Laganà).
The Civility of Albert Cashier
The Civility of Albert Cashier is a folk/country musical about transgender American Civil War soldier Albert Cashier with book by Jay Paul Deratany, music by Joe Stevens and Keaton Wooden, and lyrics by Stevens, Wooden, and Deratany.

Albert Cashier
Albert D. J. Cashier (December 25, 1843 – October 10, 1915), born Jennie Irene Hodgers, was an Irish-born American soldier who served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Cashier adopted the identity of a man before enlisting, and maintained it until death. Cashier became famous as one of at least 250 soldiers who were assigned female at birth and enlisted as men to fight in the Civil War. The consistent and nearly lifelong (at least 53 years) commitment to a male identity has prompted some historians to believe that Cashier was a trans man.
Januarius and Pelagia
Januarius and Pelagia (d. c. AD 320) were joint Christian martyrs and saints recorded in the Jerusalem Martyrology. They were beheaded or racked and torn with iron claws and pieces of earthware at Nicopolis in Armenia during the reign of the Roman emperor Licinius. Their feast day observed on July 11.

They are possibly to be considered identical with SS Januarius and Marinus who were martyred in the same place in the same year under identical circumstances with the martyrs Nabor and Felix; their feast day, however, was observed on July 10. Alternatively, the quartet may have been a combination of Januarius and Pelagia with the SS Nabor and Felix were martyred in Italy in the early 4th century.

Nicopolis (Armenia)
Nicopolis (Greek: Νικόπολις, lit. 'city of victory'; Armenian: Նիկոպոլիս) was a Roman colony in Lesser Armenia founded by Pompey in 63 BC after conquering the Kingdom of Pontus in the Third Mithridatic War. It became part of the Roman province of Armenia Prima. Today, the city of Koyulhisar in northeastern Turkey occupies the site.
Rhizobium
Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. Rhizobium species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants.

The bacteria colonize plant cells to form root nodules, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia using the enzyme nitrogenase. The ammonia is shared with the host plant in the form of organic nitrogenous compounds such as glutamine or ureides. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with organic compounds made by photosynthesis. This mutually beneficial relationship is true of all of the rhizobia, of which the genus Rhizobium is a typical example. Rhizobium is also capable of solubilizing phosphate.

Nitrogenase
Nitrogenases are enzymes (EC 1.18.6.1EC 1.19.6.1) that are produced by certain bacteria, such as cyanobacteria (blue-green bacteria) and rhizobacteria. These enzymes are responsible for the reduction of nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3). Nitrogenases are the only family of enzymes known to catalyze this reaction, which is a step in the process of nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is required for all forms of life, with nitrogen being essential for the biosynthesis of molecules (nucleotides, amino acids) that create plants, animals and other organisms. They are encoded by the Nif genes or homologs. They are related to protochlorophyllide reductase.
Allen Barbre
Allen Wade Barbre (born June 22, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive guard in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the fourth round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played college football for the Missouri Southern Lions. He was also a member of the Seattle Seahawks, Miami Dolphins, Philadelphia Eagles, and Denver Broncos.

Missouri Southern Lions football
The Missouri Southern Lions football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Missouri Southern State University located in the U.S. state of Missouri. The team competes in the NCAA Division II and are members of the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association. The team plays its home games at the 7,000 seat Fred G. Hughes Stadium in Joplin, Missouri. Atiba Bradley was named the 14th head football coach in the history of Missouri Southern on February 5, 2021.
Browser (cat)
Browser was an American library cat that lived in the White Settlement Public Library, near Fort Worth, Texas, United States. In July 2016, Browser was evicted from the library by the local municipality, provoking an international backlash that resulted in a re-vote, and a unanimous decision permitting him to stay.
Browser died on September 3, 2025 of natural causes.

Library cat
Library cats are domesticated cats that live in public libraries worldwide. The association of cats with libraries dates from at least the Middle Ages up to the present day.

Contemporary library cats have also been featured in film and literature.