hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick French
Patrick Rollo Basil French (28 May 1966 – 16 March 2023) was a British writer, historian and academician. He was the author of several books including: Younghusband: The Last Great Imperial Adventurer (1994), a biography of Francis Younghusband; The World Is What It Is (2008), an authorised biography of Nobel Laureate V. S. Naipaul that won the National Book Critics Circle Award in the United States; and India: A Portrait (2011).

During the 1992 general election, French was a Green Party candidate for Parliament. He sat on the executive committee of Free Tibet, a Tibet Support Group UK, and was a founding member of the inter-governmental India–UK Round Table.

The World Is What It Is
The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in 2008 (by Picador in the UK and Knopf in the USA). The title is the opening sentence from Naipaul's book A Bend in the River:

The world is what it is; men who are nothing, who allow themselves to become nothing, have no place in it.

French deals with Naipaul's family background and his life from his birth in 1932 until his second marriage in 1996.
Extract
An extract (essence) is a substance made by extracting a part of a raw material, often by using a solvent such as ethanol, oil or water.  Extracts may be sold as tinctures or absolutes or dried and powdered.

Extracts are widely used in various industries, such as perfumes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and the food industry, among others.

The aromatic principles of many spices, nuts, herbs, fruits, etc., and some flowers, are marketed as extracts, among the best known of true extracts being almond, cinnamon, cloves, ginger, lemon, nutmeg, orange, peppermint, pistachio, rose, spearmint, vanilla, violet, rum, and wintergreen.

Cooking oil
Cooking oil (also known as edible oil) is a plant or animal liquid fat used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking. Oil allows higher cooking temperatures than water, making cooking faster and more flavorful, while likewise distributing heat, reducing burning and uneven cooking. It sometimes imparts its own flavor. Cooking oil is also used in food preparation and flavoring not involving heat, such as salad dressings and bread dips.

Cooking oil is typically a liquid at room temperature, although some oils that contain saturated fat, such as coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, are solid.

There are a wide variety of cooking oils from plant sources, such as olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, canola oil (rapeseed oil), corn oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil and other vegetable oils, as well as animal-based oils like butter and lard.

Oil can be flavored with aromatic foodstuffs such as herbs, chilies or garlic. Cooking spray is an aerosol of cooking oil.
Jacques
The name Jacques, derived from Jacob, is believed to have originated in the northwest Brittany region of France in the Middle Ages, and occurs in variations, such as Jacq, as both a given name and a surname.

Jack (given name)
Jack is a given name of English origin. In modern usage, Jack is often a given name on its own, although it can be used as a diminutive of other given names. Since the late 20th century, Jack has become one of the most common names for boys in many English-speaking countries. Jack is also used to a much lesser extent as a female name, often as a shortened version of Jacqueline.

The word "jack" is also commonly used in other contexts in English for many occupations, objects and actions, linked to the use of the word as a metaphor for a common man.
Margaret Spellings
Margaret M. LaMontagne Spellings (née Dudar; born November 30, 1957) is an American government and non-profit executive who serves as president and
CEO of the Bipartisan Policy Center. She previously served as the eighth United States secretary of education from 2005 to 2009. After leaving the government, Spellings served as president of the University of North Carolina System, overseeing the seventeen campus system from 2016 to 2019. She then served as president and CEO of Texas 2036 from 2019 to 2023.

Spellings worked in several positions under George W. Bush during his tenure as Governor of Texas and President of the United States. She was one of the principal proponents of the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act that aimed at reforming primary and secondary education. She served as education secretary for the entire second term of Bush's administration, during which time she convened the Commission on the Future of Higher Education to recommend reform at the post-secondary level.

Bipartisan Policy Center
The Bipartisan Policy Center (BPC) is a Washington, D.C.–based think tank that promotes bipartisanship in United States politics. Founded in 2007, the organization conducts research and convenes discussions on issues including health, energy, national security, and the economy. The organization also aims to combine ideas from both the Republican and Democratic parties to address U.S. policy challenges. In the 2023 fiscal year, BPC reported revenue of US$31.2 million and expenses of US$36.4 million (according to its Form 990 filing as summarised by ProPublica's Nonprofit Explorer).
Kugurizuka Kofun
The Kugurizuka Kofun (潜塚古墳)  is a Kofun period burial mound, located in the Koganecho neighborhood of the city of Ōmuta, Fukuoka Prefecture Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1977.

Ōmuta, Fukuoka
Ōmuta (Japanese: 大牟田市, Hepburn: Ōmuta-shi) is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū, Japan.  As of December 31, 2023, the city had an estimated population of 106,393 in 55,373 households, and a  population density of 1,300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 81.45 km2 (31.45 sq mi).
Gem Theater (New Orleans)
The Gem Theater is a historic African American movie theater building in the Broadmoor neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana. The National Register of Historic Places listed the 1951 building which now houses the Zony Mash Beer Project.

Broadmoor, New Orleans
Broadmoor is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans.  A subdistrict of the Uptown/Carrollton Area, its boundaries as defined by the New Orleans City Planning Commission are: Eve Street to the north, Washington Avenue and Toledano Street to the east, South Claiborne Avenue to the south, and Jefferson Avenue, South Rocheblave Street, Nashville Avenue, and Octavia Street to the west.  It includes the Broadmoor Historic District which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003 and increased in its boundaries in 2007.
Anselmianum
The Anselmianum, also known as the Pontifical Athenaeum of Saint Anselm (Italian: Pontificio Ateneo Sant'Anselmo; Latin: Pontificium Athenaeum Anselmianum) or simply Sant'Anselmo, is a pontifical university in Rome associated with the Benedictines. It offers courses in philosophy, theology, liturgy, monastic studies, languages, sacramental theology, and the history of theology.

The Pontifical Liturgical Institute in Rome promotes the study of the Sacred Liturgy. It is entrusted to the Benedictine Confederation, and has the role of training professors of liturgy and liturgical experts to advance the study and teaching of the Church's liturgy in the various parts of the world. Almost all of the courses are taught through the medium of the Italian language. Exceptionally, courses are offered in French, German, Spanish, Portuguese or English. There have been many alumni:

Wilton Gregory
Wilton Daniel Gregory Jr. (born December 7, 1947) is an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Washington from 2019 to 2025. Pope Francis made him a cardinal in 2020, the first of African-American descent.

Gregory previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago from 1983 to 1994; as Bishop of Belleville from 1994 to 2004; and as Archbishop of Atlanta from 2005 to 2019.

Gregory was the first African-American president of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) from 2001 to 2004. He led the USCCB in issuing the "Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People" in response to the sexual abuse scandal in the American Catholic Church.
Atlas Copco
Atlas Copco Group (Copco from Compagnie Pneumatique Commerciale) is a Swedish multinational industrial company. It manufactures compressors, vacuum equipment, pumps, generators, assembly tools, quality assurance equipment and other products and systems for industrial applications and mobile power generation. The products are sold in around 180 countries.

The company was founded in 1873 in Stockholm. By the end of 2025, the number of employees was around 56,000 and the yearly revenue 168 billion kr. Atlas Copco is listed on the Nasdaq Stockholm exchange, and its A and B classes of shares are both constituents of the OMXS30 index. The head office is in Nacka, near central Stockholm, on a site where the main factory of the company used to be located.

Chicago Pneumatic
Chicago Pneumatic, also known as "CP", is an industrial manufacturer providing power tools, air compressors, generators, light towers and hydraulic equipment. Products are sold in more than 150 countries through a worldwide distribution network. CP is active on markets such as tools for industrial production, vehicle service, maintenance repair operation for mining, construction, infrastructure equipment.
Langerak (fjord)
57°03′N 10°04′E﻿ / ﻿57.05°N 10.07°E﻿ / 57.05; 10.07
Langerak is the name for the eastern part of Limfjord in Denmark and is one of the East Jutish Fjorde. The designation covers the narrow length of the fjord between Aalborg and Hals which is approximately 30 km long and ranges between 400m to 2 km in width. The meandering fjord was created during the last ice age.

For most of recorded history Langerak was the only access to the open sea from the regional commercial centre of Aalborg. In 1825 however the isthmus at the western end of Limfjorden was breach by the sea and the fjord has technically been a strait since then. Langerak however remains the main access for larger commercial ships between Kattegat and most harbours around Limfjorden.

Förden and East Jutland Fjorde
The eastern coast of the Jutland Peninsula, consisting of Danish Jutland and German Schleswig-Holstein features a type of narrow bay called Förde (plural: Förden) in German and fjord (plural fjorde) in Danish. These bays are of glacial origin, but the glacial mechanics were different from those of Norwegian Fjords and also from those of Swedish and Finnish Fjards. Inlets more similar to these are also found on the peninsulas of the Green bay and Georgian bay, and on Manitoulin island, and eastern Long island.

The words Förde, fjord  and  fjard are of the same origin as the English word firth, but today there are differences in the meaning between firth (Förde) and fjord in general.
The Rocket (music magazine)
The Rocket was a free biweekly music magazine serving the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, published from 1979 to 2000. The magazine's chief purpose was to document local music. This focus distinguished it from other area weeklies such as the Seattle Weekly and the Willamette Week, which reported more on local news and politics. Originally solely a Seattle-based magazine, a Portland, Oregon edition was introduced in 1991. In general, the two editions contained the same content, with some slight variations (i.e., different concert calendars) although occasionally they ran different cover stories.

Robert W. McChesney
Robert Waterman McChesney (/məkˈtʃɛsni/; December 22, 1952 – March 25, 2025) was an American professor notable in the history and political economy of communications, and the role media play in democratic and capitalist societies. He was the Gutgsell Endowed Professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He co-founded Free Press, a national media reform organization. From 2002 to 2012, he hosted Media Matters, a weekly radio program every Sunday afternoon on WILL (AM), Illinois Public Media radio.
Lazzaro Cattaneo
Lazzaro Cattaneo (Sarzana, Italy, 1560 - Hangzhou, China, 19 January 1640), (Chinese: 郭居静; pinyin: Guō Jūjìng; Sidney Lau: Gwok3 Gui1 Jing6) was an Italian Jesuit missionary who invented the first tone markings for Chinese transcription.

Nicolas Trigault
Nicolas Trigault (1577–1628) was a Jesuit, and a missionary in China. He was also known by his Latinised name Nicolaus Trigautius or Trigaultius, and his Chinese name Jin Nige (simplified Chinese: 金尼阁; traditional Chinese: 金尼閣; pinyin: Jīn Nígé).
Ferenc Tahy
Ferenc Tahy de Tahvár et Tarkő, (also known as Franjo Tahi, or Tahy in Croatian and as Ferenc Tahi  in Slovenian; 1526–1573) was a Hungarian–Croatian nobleman from the Tahy family, which draws its origins from Pilis County. He was known to have held the positions of royal adviser and master of the horse. His cruel treatment of serfs was one of the causes of Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt.

Master of the Horse (Kingdom of Hungary)
The Master of the Horse (German: Königlicher Oberststallmeister, Hungarian: főlovászmester, and Latin: agazonum regalium magistri or magister agazonum) was one of the high officials of the royal household in the Kingdom of Hungary. Masters of the Horse were included among the "true barons" of the realm from around 1220.
Dick Tracy
Dick Tracy is an American comic strip featuring Dick Tracy, a tough and intelligent police detective created by Chester Gould. It made its debut on Sunday, October 4, 1931, in the Detroit Mirror, and was distributed by the Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate. Gould wrote and drew the strip until 1977, and various artists and writers have continued it.

Dick Tracy has also been the hero in a number of films, including Dick Tracy (1990) in which Warren Beatty played the lead.

Tom De Haven praised Gould's Dick Tracy as an "outrageously funny American Gothic", while Brian Walker described it as a "ghoulishly entertaining creation" which had "gripping stories filled with violence and pathos".

Dick Tracy (character)
Dick Tracy is a fictional police detective in the American comic strip Dick Tracy created by Chester Gould in 1931. Tracy is a tough and intelligent detective who uses forensic science, advanced gadgetry, and wits in his relentless pursuit of criminals.

The Dick Tracy comic strip made its premiere on October 4, 1931, in the Detroit Mirror. The strip was distributed by Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate. Chester Gould both drew and wrote the comic strip until 1977.  Since then other writers and artists have continued to produce the strip, which is still running in newspapers to this day.

The character of Dick Tracy has been featured in the 1930s–1940s radio series Dick Tracy, with Tracy voiced by Bob Burlen, Barry Thompson, Ned Wever and Matt Crowley.

The character of Dick Tracy has been featured in a number of films including, from 1990, Dick Tracy, which starred Warren Beatty as the titular character.
Emil Bollhalder
Emil Bollhalder is a retired Swiss sidecarcross rider and double Sidecarcross World Champion, having won the competition in 1982 and 1983, together with his passenger Karl Büsser. He has also won the European Champions, the predecessor of the World Championship, in 1979, the last running of the competition.

Apart from his World and European Championship triumphs he has also won the Swiss national sidecarcross championship twice, in 1982 and 1983.

Karl Büsser
Karl Büsser is a retired Swiss sidecarcross passenger and double Sidecarcross World Champion, having won the competition in 1982 and 1983 as passenger of Emil Bollhalder.

Apart from his World and European Championship triumphs he has also won the Swiss national sidecarcross championship twice, in 1982 and 1983.
Honami, Fukuoka
Honami (穂波町, Honami-machi) was a town located in Kaho District, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 26,268 and a density of 1,041.14 persons per km2. The total area was 25.23 km2.

On March 26, 2006, Honami, along with the towns of Chikuho, Kaita and Shōnai (all from Kaho District), was merged into the expanded city of Iizuka.

Iizuka, Fukuoka
Iizuka (飯塚市, Iizuka-shi) is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.  As of 29 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 124,757 in 63833 households, and a  population density of 580 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 213.96 km2 (82.61 sq mi).
Sverdrup Mountains
The Sverdrup Mountains (Norwegian: Sverdrupfjella) are a group of mountains about 80 km (50 mi) long, standing just west of the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 2,855 metres (9,367 ft), Hamartind Peak forms the highest point in the Sverdrup Mountains.

Gjelsvik Mountains
The Gjelsvik Mountains are a group of mountains about 25 nautical miles (50 km) long, between the Sverdrup Mountains and the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. With its summit at 2,705 metres (8,875 ft), the massive Risemedet Mountain forms the highest point in these mountains, also marking their eastern end.
Belgrade City Museum
The Belgrade City Museum (Serbian Cyrillic: Музеј Града Београда, Muzej Grada Beograda) is a museum located in Belgrade, Serbia. Founded in 1903, the museum operates with several cultural institutions: Ivo Andrić Museum, Princess Ljubica's Residence, Paja Jovanović Museum, Jovan Cvijić Museum, Banjica Concentration Camp Museum, Collection of Icons Sekulić, Archaeological Site Vinča and Zemun Museum.

The Belgrade City Museum contains over 2,500 paintings, graphics, aquarelles and drawings. It contains numerous paintings by Serbian painters Paja Jovanović, Sava Šumanović, Uroš Predić, Nadežda Petrović, Petar Lubarda and others. Among others, it contains paintings and graphics by foreign artists Albrecht Dürer, Miklós Barabás and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot.

Museum of Ivo Andrić
The Museum of Ivo Andrić (Serbian: Музеј Иве Андрића / Muzej Ive Andrića) is a museum located in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. Founded on 10 October 1976, it is dedicated to the Nobel prize winning writer Ivo Andrić. It is operated by the Belgrade City Museum.

The library contains 4,502 bibliographical units, rich collection of photographs, numerous Andrić's personal holdings, and writer's study room and the salon, with authentic atmosphere since Andrić's time. There are also exhibits of his documents (such as university student's booklet and diplomatic passport) and awards, including the Nobel Prize medal and plaque.
Herland (novel)
Herland is a 1915 feminist utopian novel written by American feminist Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The book describes an isolated society composed entirely of women, who bear children without men (parthenogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction). The result is an ideal social order: free of war, conflict, and domination. It was first published in monthly installments as a serial in 1915 in The Forerunner, a magazine edited and written by Gilman between 1909 and 1916, with its sequel, With Her in Ourland beginning immediately thereafter in the January 1916 issue. The book is often considered to be the middle volume in her utopian trilogy, preceded by Moving the Mountain (1911). It was not published in book form until 1979.

Single-gender world
A relatively common motif in speculative fiction is the existence of single-gender worlds or single-sex societies. These fictional societies have long been one of the primary ways to explore implications of gender and gender-differences in science fiction and fantasy. Many of these predate a widespread distinction between gender and sex and conflate the two.

In the fictional setting, these societies often arise due to elimination of one sex through war or natural disasters and disease. The societies may be portrayed as utopian or dystopian, as seen in pulp tales of oppressive matriarchies.
Wagar Women's Knockout Teams
The Wagar Women's Knockout Teams national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).

The Wagar Women's Knockout Teams is a knock-out team event.
The event is restricted to female players.

North American Bridge Championships
North American Bridge Championships (NABC) are three annual bridge tournaments sponsored by the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL). The "Spring", "Summer", and "Fall" NABCs are usually scheduled in March, July, and November for about eleven days. They comprise both championship and side contests of different kinds (e.g. matchpoint pairs and knockout teams, one-day and two-day) in many classes of competition (e.g. open/women/senior or defined by masterpoints). Host cities in the United States and Canada are selected several years in advance.
Laura Martinel
Laura Alejandra Martinel Acuña (born 20 December 1963) is a retired female judoka from Argentina. She claimed the silver medal in the Women's Middleweight (–66 kg) division at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba. Martinel represented her native South American country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, where she was defeated in the repechage round by France's Claire Lecat.

Claire Lecat
Claire Lecat (born 6 July 1965) is a former French judoka, under 66 kg category. She was born on July 6, 1965, in Boulogne-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais, France. She studied in the Sport-Studies Program in Poitiers, then joined INSEP. She was member of the France Women's Judo Team at seventh dan black belt, and competed in the women's middleweight event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Skotselv
Skotselv is a village in the municipality of Øvre Eiker, Norway. Its population (2005) is 684, of which 8 people live within the border of the neighbouring municipality of Modum. It has a railway station on the Randsfjord Line.

Øvre Eiker
Øvre Eiker is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Eiker.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Hokksund.  The old municipality of Eiker was divided into Øvre Eiker (upper Eiker) and Nedre Eiker (lower) on 1 July 1885.

As of 2015, more employees worked for the [municipal] government and in the service sector, than in any other field of employment; even fewer—16 %—are employed in construction or in [electrical] power companies and water companies; [13%] work in the manufacturing sector.
13th Street (Australian TV channel)
13th Street was an Australian television channel which specialised in airing action and suspense programmes. The channel was owned by NBCUniversal and was launched on 15 November 2009 as part of Foxtel's Next Generation launch. It launched on Fetch TV in 2017 as part of Fetch TV's channel pack revamp.

The same business that runs 13th Street in other nations also owned 13th Street in Australia. It was the first 13th Street to use the new logo, which Universal Networks International debuted at MIPCOM in October 2009

On 3 November 2014, 13th Street launched a HD simulcast on Foxtel. In addition, it moved from channel 113 to channel 118 and 13th Street + 2 moved from channel 163 to channel 160. It launched on channel 110 on the IPTV service Fetch TV in 2017. It ceased broadcasting on 31 December 2019, alongside sister channel Syfy. The last program broadcast was Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries. It was replaced by Fox Sleuth.

British (Australian TV channel)
British (formerly Sleuth and Fox Sleuth) is an Australian subscription television channel which focuses on airing crime TV series. The channel launched on 17 December 2019, replacing the Australian feed of 13th Street.

On 26 September 2023, the channel rebranded as Sleuth.

On 1 August 2024, the channel once again rebranded as British.