hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Yeo
Walter Ernest O'Neil Yeo (20 October 1890 – December 1960) was an English sailor in the First World War, who is thought to have been one of the first people to benefit from advanced plastic surgery, namely a skin flap.

Flap (surgery)
Flap surgery is a technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery where tissue with an intact blood supply is lifted from a donor site and moved to a recipient site. Flaps are distinct from grafts, which do not have an intact blood supply and relies on the growth of new blood vessels. Flaps are done to fill a defect such as a wound resulting from injury or surgery when the remaining tissue is unable to support a graft, wound contraction is to be avoided or to rebuild more complex anatomic structures like breasts or jaws. Flaps may also carry with them tissues such as muscle and bone that may be useful in the ultimate reconstruction.
Marriage Blue
Marriage Blue (Korean: 결혼전야; RR: Gyeolhonjeonya; lit. 'The Night Before the Wedding') is a 2013 South Korean romantic comedy film that follows the misadventures of four engaged couples in the week leading up to their weddings.

Ok Taec-yeon
Ok Taec-yeon (Korean: 옥택연; born December 27, 1988), known mononymously as Taecyeon, is a South Korean rapper, singer, actor, and entrepreneur. In 2008, he debuted as the rapper of the South Korean boy band 2PM. In 2010, Ok debuted as an actor in the Korean drama Cinderella's Stepsister and has since starred in notable television series such as Dream High (2011), Bring It On, Ghost (2016), Vincenzo (2021), and The First Night with the Duke (2025), as well as films such as Hansan: Rising Dragon (2022). As a solo artist, he has released one studio album in Japan titled Taecyeon Special: Winter Hitori.
2348 Michkovitch
2348 Michkovitch, provisional designation 1939 AA, is a presumed carbonaceous Erigone asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) in diameter. It was discovered by Serbian astronomer Milorad Protić at Belgrade Observatory on 10 January 1939. The asteroid was named after Serbian astronomer Vojislav Mišković.

Milorad B. Protić
Milorad B. Protić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милорад Б. Протић; 19 September 1911, Belgrade – 29 October 2001, Belgrade) was a Serbian astronomer, discoverer of comets and minor planets, and three times director of the Belgrade Observatory.
Athyrtis
Athyrtis is a butterfly genus of the Ithomiini tribe in the brush-footed butterfly family, Nymphalidae. It is a monotypic genus, containing only Athyrtis mechanitis. The genus and the species were named by father and son entomologists Cajetan and Rudolf Felder in 1862.

Ithomiini
Ithomiini is a butterfly tribe in the nymphalid subfamily Danainae. It is sometimes referred to as the tribe of clearwing butterflies or glasswing butterflies. Some authors consider the group to be a subfamily (Ithomiinae). These butterflies are exclusively Neotropical, found in humid forests from sea level to 3000 m, from Mexico to Argentina. There are around 370 species in some 40–45 genera.
Torgiano
Torgiano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 10 km southeast of Perugia.

Torgiano borders the following municipalities: Bastia Umbra, Bettona, Deruta, Perugia. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

I Borghi più belli d'Italia
I borghi più belli d'Italia (Italian: [i ˈborɡi pju bˈbɛlli diˈtaːlja]) is a non-profit private association of small Italian towns of strong historical and artistic interest. It was founded in March 2001 on the initiative of the Tourism Council of the National Association of Italian Municipalities, with the aim of preserving and maintaining villages of quality heritage. Its motto is Il fascino dell'Italia nascosta ("The charm of hidden Italy").

Participants in the group are small population centres which risk neglect and abandonment because they lie outside the main tourist circuits. Initially they comprised about a hundred villages, but had increased to 361 in 2023.

In 2012, the Italian association was one of the founding members of the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World, a private organization that brings together various territorial associations promoting small inhabited centres of particular historical and landscape interest.
Ponca Tribe of Nebraska
The Ponca Tribe of Nebraska is one of two federally recognized tribes of the Ponca people. The other is the Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. As of 2023, the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska’s total population is 5,334 citizens, of which 1,923 reside in Nebraska.

Standing Bear
Standing Bear (c. 1829–1908) (Ponca official orthography: Maⁿchú-Naⁿzhíⁿ/Macunajin; other spellings: Ma-chú-nu-zhe, Ma-chú-na-zhe or Mantcunanjin pronounced [mãtʃuꜜnãʒĩꜜ]) was a Ponca chief and Native American civil rights leader who successfully argued in U.S. District Court in 1879 in Omaha that Native Americans are "persons within the meaning of the law" and have the right of habeas corpus, thus becoming the first Native American judicially granted civil rights under American law. His first wife Zazette Primeau (Primo), daughter of Lone Chief (also known as Antoine Primeau), mother of Prairie Flower and Bear Shield, was also a signatory on the 1879 writ that initiated the famous court case.
Lenno
Lenno (Lombard: Lenn) was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,800 and an area of 9.6 km2.

Lenno bordered the following municipalities: Bellagio, Bene Lario, Grandola ed Uniti, Lezzeno, Mezzegra, Ossuccio, Porlezza, Tremezzo. The Comune di Lenno was united to Mezzegra, Ossuccio and Tremezzo to form a single municipality named Comune di Tremezzina: the new administration was formalized after election of the Mayor on 25 May 2014.

Tremezzina
Tremezzina (Comasco: Tremezéna [tremeˈdzena]) is a comune in the province of Como, in Lombardy, that formed on 25 May 2014 from a merger of the comunes of Lenno, Mezzegra, Ossuccio and Tremezzo.

A referendum to create this comune was held on 1 December 2013. The referendum was passed with 63% yes and 37% no votes.

The comune of Tremezzina was previously created in 1928 over Lenno, Mezzegra and Tremezzo, and divided into the separate comunes in 1947.
Florida Python Challenge
The Florida Python Challenge is an annual, ten-day competition where professional and novice participants join in the effort to remove invasive Burmese pythons in Florida. Past the goal of removing pythons, the competition also serves as a conservation effort to raise awareness about invasive species’ impacts to the local ecology and to encourage the public to continuously remove Burmese pythons from the wild. It is supported by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), the Fish and Wildlife Foundation of Florida, the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), and Governor Ron DeSantis.

Most recently, in 2024, the Florida Python Challenge resulted in the total removal of 195 pythons, and the winner removed 20 pythons.

Burmese python
The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is one of the largest species of snakes. It is native to a large area of Southeast Asia and is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Until 2009, it was considered a subspecies of the Indian python, but is now recognized as a distinct species. It is an invasive species in Florida as a result of the pet trade.
Pedee, Oregon
Pedee is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Oregon, United States.  Pedee is at the intersection of Oregon Route 223 and Maple Grove Road. It is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Polk County, Oregon
Polk County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 87,433. The county seat is Dallas. The county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States.

Polk County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley.
Bąków, Silesian Voivodeship
Bąków [ˈbɔŋkuf] is a village in Gmina Strumień, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. Former village of Rychułd is now a western part of Bąków.

Gmina Strumień
Gmina Strumień is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. Its seat is the town of Strumień.

The gmina covers an area of 58.4 square kilometres (22.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 13,240.
Suillus subaureus
Suillus subaureus is a rare species of bolete fungus in the family Suillaceae. It is found in North America, where it associates with deciduous trees. Originally described in 1887 by Charles Horton Peck, it was transferred to genus Suillus by Wally Snell in 1944. Fruitbodies are pale yellow—reflecting its specific epithet subaureus, which means "somewhat golden yellow". The spore print is olive brown. Spores are smooth and inamyloid, and measure 7–10 by 2.7–3.5 μm. It has also been recorded in Taiwan.

A recent study of this species indicates that S. subaureus associates with both deciduous and conifer trees in eastern North American forests. The spores of S. subaureus will not germinate in the presence of only deciduous tree roots.  Instead, they require the presence of a conifer host tree (preferably Pinus) to germinate, but will then colonize and persist on deciduous hosts via mycelial extension.

The species is edible.

Suillus
Suillus is a genus of basidiomycete fungi in the family Suillaceae and order Boletales. Species in the genus are associated with trees in the pine family (Pinaceae), and are mostly distributed in temperate locations in the Northern Hemisphere, although some species have been introduced to the Southern Hemisphere.
Chalmers Naval Architecture Students' Society
The Chalmers Naval Architecture Students' Society (also known as the Föreningen Chalmers Skeppsbyggare or FCS) is a naval architecture graduate students group at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. The Society was found in 1887 following the establishment of the Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Department at the university. Since 1948, Föreningen Chalmers Skeppsbyggare has been a member of the Nordic Technical Universities Shipbuilders Congress (NTHS) which includes Chalmers, Technical University of Denmark, Helsinki University of Technology in Finland, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, and the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. Roughly, half of the FCS members are from Sweden while the rest are international students. Some of its members are also current members of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. Unlike other student organizations at Chalmers, the society runs as a separate entity from the Chalmers Students' Union.

Chalmers University of Technology
Chalmers University of Technology (Swedish: Chalmers tekniska högskola, commonly referred to as Chalmers) is a private research university located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Chalmers focuses on engineering and science, but more broadly it also conducts research and offers education in shipping, architecture and management. The university has approximately 3,100 employees and 10,000 students.

Chalmers coordinates the development of a Swedish quantum computer
and
the Graphene Flagship, a European Union research initiative to develop commercial technologies with graphene.

The university is a co-founder of the CDIO Initiative, a member of the UNITECH International program, the IDEA League, the Nordic Five Tech, 
and the ENHANCE alliances as well as the EURECOM consortium and the CESAER network.
Leslie Township, Michigan
Leslie Township is a civil township of Ingham County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,305 at the 2020 census. The township completely surrounds the city of Leslie, but the two are administered autonomously. The township was officially organized and recognized December 30, 1837.

Ingham County, Michigan
Ingham County (/ˈɪŋəm/ ING-um) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 284,900. The county seat is Mason. Lansing, the state capital of Michigan, is largely located within the county. Lansing is the only state capital in the United States located in a county of which it is not also the seat of government. The county is home to Michigan State University, Lansing Community College, and the Class A minor league baseball team Lansing Lugnuts. Ingham County is included in the Lansing–East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is considered to be a part of Mid Michigan.
Jaishankar Bhojak
Jaishankar Bhudhardas Bhojak, (30 January 1889 – 22 January 1975) better known by his theatre name Jaishankar Sundari, was an Indian actor and director of Gujarati theatre. Starting at the young age, he rose to fame for his roles of female impersonator in early Gujarati plays. He retired from acting in 1932 but returned to theatre direction and teaching in 1948. He directed and acted in several successful plays. He was awarded the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 1951 and the Padma Vibhushan in 1971.

Gujarati theatre
Gujarati theatre refers to theatre performed in the Gujarati language, including its dialects. Gujarati theatre is produced mainly in Gujarat and Maharashtra, in cities like Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Baroda,  Surat and elsewhere Gujarati diaspora exists, especially North America. Rustam Sohrab, performed by Parsee Natak Mandali on 29 October 1853 in Mumbai, marked the beginning of Gujarati theatre.
Carmel High School (Mundelein, Illinois)
Carmel Catholic High School is a co-educational, college preparatory, Catholic high school run jointly by the priests and brothers of the Order of Carmelites and the Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Located in Mundelein, Illinois, Carmel serves all of Lake County and some of the surrounding counties, and southern Wisconsin.  An institution of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago, Carmel Catholic is one of three Carmelite-run high schools in the Chicago area, the others being Joliet Catholic High School and Mount Carmel High School.

Mundelein, Illinois
Mundelein is a village in Lake County, Illinois, United States and a northern suburb of Chicago. Per the 2020 census, the population was 31,560, making this the fourth largest town in Lake County. The village straddles Libertyville Township and Fremont Township, and borders Grayslake, Ivanhoe, Diamond Lake, and Libertyville. The village lies 33 miles northwest of the Chicago Loop.

Mundelein was first settled by European settlers in 1835, and was incorporated in 1909 after a spur line connected the village to the Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad. The University of Saint Mary of the Lake opened in 1921, and in June 1926 the village hosted the closing events of the 28th International Eucharistic Congress, bringing hundreds of thousands of people to the village. Its name was changed four times over its history, including two after incorporation.
Twelve Girls Band
12 Girls Band (simplified Chinese: 女子十二乐坊; traditional Chinese: 女子十二樂坊; pinyin: Nǚzǐ shí'èr Yùefǎng, sometimes abbreviated to 女樂 or 女乐) are an all-female Chinese musical group that initially consisted of twelve members before the addition of a thirteenth. Twelve Girls Band use traditional Chinese instruments to play both traditional Chinese and Western music. Formed on June 18, 2001, the women were selected by audition from more than 4,000 contestants. Each woman is classically-trained, and the band members come from various conservatories in the People's Republic of China (PRC), including the China Academy of Music, the Chinese National Orchestra, and the Central Conservatory of Music.

Twelve Girls of Christmas
Merry Christmas to You, also known as Twelve Girls of Christmas, is an album by Twelve Girls Band. It consists of twelve tracks in a sort of modernized Chinese form. It was released in 2005, and is considered as a Christmas album, in which they cover well-known Christmas songs.
Trường Sa special administrative region
Trường Sa is an island special administrative region of Khánh Hòa province in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam. Originally, a district was established on the basis of the Spratly Islands (except Louisa Reef, Luconia Shoals and James Shoal), which is also claimed wholly or in part by Brunei, China, Malaysia, the Philippines and Taiwan. According to the 2009 census, the district has a population of 195 people.

Spratly Island
Spratly Island (Vietnamese: Đảo Trường Sa or Đảo Trường Sa Lớn, lit. 'the Big Spratly (Trường Sa) Island'; simplified Chinese: 南威岛; traditional Chinese: 南威島; pinyin: Nánwēi Dǎo; Filipino: Pulo ng Lagos, lit. 'Lagos Island'), also known as Storm Island, is the fourth largest of the naturally occurring Spratly Islands in the South China Sea with an natural area of 15 hectares (37 acres), and the largest of the Vietnamese-administered Spratly islands.

In 2016 the Vietnamese embarked on a land reclamation program at ten locations in the Spratly Islands. At Spratly Island 37 acres have been reclaimed, which has allowed for the addition of a harbour  and the doubling of the length of the island's runway to a length of about 4,000 feet (1,200 m). The total area of the island by 2025 is 36.5 hectares.

It is also claimed by China (PRC) and Taiwan (ROC).
Alexander Pushkin (ballet dancer)
Alexander Ivanovich Pushkin  (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Пу́шкин; 7 September 1907 – 20 March 1970) was a Russian ballet dancer and ballet master. His students include Askold Makarov, Nikita Dolgushin, Oleg Vinogradov, Rudolf Nureyev., Margarita Trayanova, Mikhail Baryshnikov and Sergei Berezhnoy,.

Ballet master
A ballet master (also balletmaster, ballet mistress, premier maître de ballet or premier maître de ballet en chef) is an employee of a ballet company who is responsible for the level of competence of the dancers in their company. In modern times, ballet masters are generally charged with teaching the daily company ballet class and rehearsing the dancers for both new and established ballets in the company's repertoire. The artistic director of a ballet company, whether a male or female, may also be called its ballet master.  Historic use of gender marking in job titles in ballet (and live theatre) is being supplanted by gender-neutral language job titles regardless of an employee's gender (e.g. ballet master in lieu of ballet mistress, wig master as an alternative to wig mistress).
Spanish peseta
The peseta (/pəˈseɪtə/, Spanish: [peˈseta]) was the currency of Spain between 1868 and 2002. Along with the French franc, it was also a de facto currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender).

Peso
The peso is the monetary unit of several Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, as well as the Philippines. Originating in the Spanish Empire, the word peso translates to "weight". In most countries of the Americas, the symbol commonly known as dollar sign, "$", was originally used as an abbreviation of "pesos" and later adopted by the dollar. The dollar itself actually originated from the peso or Spanish dollar in the late 18th century. The sign "₱" is used in the Philippines.

The silver peso worth eight reales was also known in English as a Spanish dollar or "piece of eight" and was widely used for international trade from the 16th to the 19th century.
Bezalel Ashkenazi
Bezalel ben Abraham Ashkenazi (Hebrew: בצלאל בן אברהם אשכנזי) (c. 1520 – c. 1592) was a rabbi and talmudist who lived in Ottoman Israel during the 16th century. He is best known as the author of the Shitah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud. Among his disciples were Isaac Luria and Solomon Adeni.

Isaac Luria
Isaac ben Solomon Ashkenazi Luria (Hebrew: יִצְחָק בן שלמה לוּרְיָא אשכנזי; born c. 1534 – died July 25, 1572), commonly known in Jewish religious circles as Ha'ari, Ha'ari Hakadosh or Arizal, was a leading rabbi and Jewish mystic in the community of Safed in the Galilee region of Ottoman Palestine, now Israel. He is considered the father of contemporary Kabbalah, his teachings being referred to as Lurianic Kabbalah.

While his direct literary contribution to the Kabbalistic school of Safed was extremely minute (he wrote only a few poems), his spiritual fame led to their veneration and the acceptance of his authority. The works of his disciples compiled his oral teachings into writing. Every custom of Luria was scrutinized, and many were accepted, even against previous practice.

Luria died at Safed on July 25, 1572, and is buried at the Safed Old Jewish Cemetery. The Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue, also located in Safed, was built in memory of Luria during the late 16th century.
Jirón de la Unión
Union Street (Spanish: Jirón de la Unión) is a major pedestrian street in the Damero de Pizarro, an area of the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at the Puente de Piedra, where it is continued on the other side of the Rímac River by Trujillo Street, and continues until it reaches Paseo de la República Avenue.

The street has traditionally served as the city's main axis since the Viceroyalty of Peru. Ater the War of Independence, it continued to function as a commercial centre, as well as a gathering point for the city's aristocratic upper class, who developed the custom of jironear. This reputation remained until the late 20th century, a turbulent period in the country's history that led to the city's mass expansion due to a continued migration of people from the country's interior.

Plaza Mayor, Lima
The Plaza Mayor (English: Town square), also known as the Plaza de Armas, is the main public square of the historic centre of the city of Lima, Peru. It dates back to the foundation of the city by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535. Delimited by Carabaya, Junín, Huallaga, and Unión streets, it is surrounded by a number of major landmarks, including the Government Palace, the Metropolitan Cathedral, the Archbishop's Palace, the Municipal Palace, and the Palacio de la Unión.
Gate to Belmore Trail
The Gate to Belmore Trail, also known as the Gate–Belmore Trail, is a rail trail in Thurston County, Washington connecting the communities of Gate, Littlerock, and Belmore near Black Lake. The planned 14.5-mile (23.3 km) trail remained closed since its acquisition in 1996 but a portion of the pathway was formally opened in July 2025.

Scatter Creek Wildlife Area
The Scatter Creek Wildlife Area is a multi-unit protected area and wildlife preserve in southern Thurston County, Washington. Covering seven units, the area is owned and managed by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) in cooperation with county government and volunteer organizations.
South African Class NG7 2-6-0
The South African Railways Class NG7 2-6-0 of 1902 was a narrow gauge steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1902, the Cape Government Railways placed three steam locomotives with a 2-6-0 Mogul type wheel arrangement in service on the Hopefield narrow gauge branch line which was being constructed from Kalbaskraal. A fourth locomotive was ordered in 1911.

In 1912, when these locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered with an "NG" prefix to their numbers. When a system of grouping narrow gauge locomotives into classes was eventually introduced somewhere between 1928 and 1930, they were to be classified as Class NG7, but had already been withdrawn from service and were eventually sold in 1930.

2-6-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-6-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and no trailing wheels. This arrangement is commonly called a Mogul.