hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semiochemical
A semiochemical, from the Greek σημεῖον (semeion), meaning "signal", is a chemical substance or mixture released by an organism that affects the behaviors of other individuals. Semiochemical communication can be divided into two broad classes: communication between individuals of the same species (intraspecific) or communication between different species (interspecific).

It is usually used in the field of chemical ecology to encompass pheromones, allomones, kairomones, attractants and repellents.

Many insects, including parasitic insects, use semiochemicals. Pheromones are intraspecific signals that aid in finding mates, food and habitat resources, warning of enemies, and avoiding competition. Interspecific signals known as allomones and kairomones have similar functions.

Kairomone
A kairomone is a semiochemical released by an organism that mediates interspecific interactions in a way that benefits a different species at the expense of the emitter. Derived from the Greek καιρός, meaning "opportune moment", it serves as a form of "eavesdropping", enabling the receiver to gain an advantage, such as locating food or evading predators, even if it poses a risk to the emitter. Unlike allomones, which benefit the producer at the receiver's cost, or synomones, which are mutually beneficial, kairomones favor only the recipient. Primarily studied in entomology, kairomones can play key roles in predator-prey dynamics, mate attraction, and even applications in pest control.
Roberto Parra Sandoval
Luis Roberto Parra Sandoval (June 29, 1921 – April 21, 1995), also known as El Tío Roberto (Uncle Roberto), was a Chilean singer-songwriter and guitarist, member of the Parra family, many of whose members are famous artists.

Parra family
The Parra family is a Chilean family known for its many artists. Members of the Parra family are noted contributors to Chilean culture with many members being distinguished national artists. The family is not closely related to the Parra Pizarro brothers, members of the Chilean rock fusion group Los Jaivas.
Haoramyaima
Haoramyaima (ꯍꯥꯎꯔꯝꯌꯥꯏꯃ), also known as Haoramyai (ꯍꯥꯎꯔꯝꯌꯥꯏ), was a prince of the Khuman dynasty of the Khuman kingdom. He was the second son of King Yoithong-ngai and Queen Nganurol Kaireima. He is known for fleeing the Khuman kingdom after witnessing violence within the royal family and later settling in the Moirang kingdom.

Khuman royal necklace incident
The incident of Khuman royal necklace (Liklang) was a conflict within the royal family of the Khuman kingdom during the reign of King Yoithongai (Yoithongngai), who ruled from about 760 C.E. to 800 C.E. The incident involved his three sons and led to violence, exile, and a change in the royal succession.
Alexander Liberman
Alexander Semeonovitch Liberman (September 4, 1912 – November 19, 1999) was a Ukrainian-American magazine editor, publisher, painter, photographer, and sculptor. He held senior artistic positions during his 32 years at Condé Nast Publications.

Laumeier Sculpture Park
Laumeier Sculpture Park is a 105-acre open-air museum and sculpture park located in Sunset Hills, Missouri, near St. Louis. Laumeier is maintained in partnership with St. Louis County Parks and Recreation Department. It houses over 70 large-scale outdoor sculptures and features a 1.4-mile (2.3 km) walking trail, an indoor gallery, the Aronson Art Center, and educational programs. A 1917 Tudor stone mansion, the former residence of Henry and Matilda Laumeier, is now the Kranzberg Education Lab. Laumeier is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums. The park sees about 300,000 visitors each year and operates on a $1.5 million budget.
Sarıqamış, Neftchala
39°12′43″N 49°13′52″E﻿ / ﻿39.21194°N 49.23111°E﻿ / 39.21194; 49.23111

Sarıqamış (also, Sarykamysh) is a village in the Neftchala Rayon of Azerbaijan.  The village forms part of the municipality of Mikayıllı.

Mikayıllı, Neftchala
Mikayıllı (also, Mikailly and Mikeyly) is a village and municipality in the Neftchala Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 618. The municipality consists of the villages of Mikayıllı, Qızqayıtdı, Dalğalı (formerly Prorva), Kürdili, Sahiloba (formerly Saratovka), and Sarıqamış.
Macchia Valfortore
Macchia Valfortore is a town and comune in the Province of Campobasso, Molise, southern Italy. With a population of 470 inhabitants. The town overlooks Lake Occhito. Neighbouring comuni are Sant'Elia a Pianisi and Pietracatella.

Sant'Elia a Pianisi
Sant'Elia a Pianisi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the region of Molise, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Campobasso. As of 31 December 2021, it had a population of 1,585 and an area of 67.8 square kilometres (26.2 mi2).

Near Sant'Elia, is the Occhito Lake.

The neighbouring comuni are Bonefro, Carlantino, Colletorto, Macchia Valfortore, Monacilioni, Ripabottoni and San Giuliano di Puglia.

The local dialect is Molisano.
Goma Labh
Goma Labh is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Janamat Party. She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election she was elected as a proportional representative from the Khas people category.

2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal, was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs), 165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list, to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023 and was dissolved on 12 September 2025 following the 2025 Gen Z protests.
Ligustrum × ibolium
Ligustrum × ibolium, called the north privet or ibolium privet, is a hybrid species of flowering plant in the genus Ligustrum, the result of a cross between Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet) and Ligustrum ovalifolium (Korean privet). It is probably the most common privet used for hedging in the United States. It grows up to 1 m (3 ft) per year.

Ligustrum ovalifolium
Ligustrum ovalifolium, also known as Korean privet, California privet, garden privet, and oval-leaved privet, is a species of flowering plant in the olive family Oleaceae. The species is native to Japan and Korea.
National Buffalo Wing Festival
National Buffalo Wing Festival or Wing Fest is a weekend festival held on Labor Day weekend at Sahlen Field in Buffalo, New York, United States, celebrating the Buffalo style chicken wing. The festival culminates with the IFOCE sanctioned Buffalo Wing eating contest, which has taken place the Sunday of the festival since 2003, except 2020 when it was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Major League Eating
Major League Eating (MLE) is an organization that oversees professional competitive eating events and television specials. The league airs its annual Nathan's Famous Fourth of July International Hot Dog Eating Contest on ESPN.

Brothers Richard and George Shea took over Nathan's publicity in the mid-1990s and were able to increase the exposure and attendance of Nathan's hot dog eating contest. Seeing a business opportunity, the brothers founded International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE) in 1997 as a sanctioning body to oversee, regulate, and organize events and TV deals. IFOCE's professional league became known as Major League Eating.

Major League Eating coordinates events in the United States and Canada.
Greek basketball league system
The Greek basketball league system is a number of interconnected competitions for professional basketball clubs in Greece. The system has a hierarchical format with a promotion and relegation system between competitions at different levels. There are nine different competition levels in the system. The highest level competitions are the professional and semi professional nationwide competitions, which include the top-tier level Greek Basketball League (GBL), the second-tier level Greek A2 Basketball League, the third-tier level Greek B Basketball League, and the fourth-tier level Greek C Basketball League. Those competitions are then followed by the regional amateur level competitions, which include: the A1, the A2, the B, the C, and/or the C1, and the C2 categories.

The top-tier level Greek Basketball League is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Association (HEBA), while all of the league levels below the top-tier are organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (HBF).

Greek C Basket League
The Greek C Basket League, or Greek C Basketball League (Greek: Ελληνική Γ Μπάσκετ Λιγκ), is a national basketball league in Greece. It is the 4th-tier level of the basketball league system in Greece, and was founded in 1985. It is also known as National League 2. It is organized by the Hellenic Basketball Federation (E.O.K.).

It began in the 1987–88 season, and originally took place with a league format of two groups. Currently, the league consists of five groups, with an overall total of 53 teams.
Mania Spyder
The Mania Spyder was a Swedish kit car company in Falköping selling a sports roadster based on either VW Beetle or spaceframe chassis. They advertised that a formula spaceframe made for motorcycle engines would be available in spring 2001. It was designed by the automotive designer and guitar builder Ulf Bolumlid of Design by Ulf.  Over 50 examples of the Mania have been sold, a Swedish record for an own design kit-car.

Kit car
A kit car is an automobile available as a set of parts that a manufacturer sells and the buyer then assembles into a functioning car. Usually, many of the major mechanical systems such as the engine and transmission are sourced from donor vehicles or purchased new from other vendors. Kits vary in completeness, consisting of as little as a book of plans, or as much as a complete set with all components to assemble into a fully operational vehicle such as those from Caterham.
National Colon Cancer Awareness Month
National Colon Cancer Awareness Month is an annual celebration observed in the United States during the month of March, to increase awareness of colorectal cancer. In the United States it is organized by the Colorectal Cancer Alliance, Fight Colorectal Cancer, the Colon Cancer Coalition, and other organizations and survivor networks.

Colorectal Cancer Alliance
Colorectal Cancer Alliance is the largest and oldest colorectal cancer non-profit organization in the US.

The Colorectal Cancer Alliance offers a variety of patient support services including grant programs, monthly webinars, a helpline, chat forum and a Buddy Program, which provides both survivors and caregivers with a chance to connect with someone who has gone through a similar experience. The organization serves as a source of information about colorectal health. The Colorectal Cancer Alliance also distributes colorectal cancer awareness merchandise and printed materials.

The organization received its sixth straight 4-star rating from Charity Navigator, and maintains the 'Accredited Charity' status from the Better Business Bureau. The organization is tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. It is eligible to receive contributions deductible as charitable donations for federal income tax purposes.
Cornish language revival
The Cornish language revival (Cornish: dasserghyans Kernewek, lit. ''resurrection of Cornish'') is an ongoing process to revive the use of the Cornish language of Cornwall, England. The Cornish language's disappearance began to hasten during the 13th century, but its decline began with the spread of Old English in the 5th and 6th centuries. The last reported person to have full knowledge of a traditional form of Cornish, John Davey, died in 1891. The revival movement started in the late 19th century as a result of antiquarian and academic interest in the language, which was already extinct, and also as a result of the Celtic revival movement. In 2009, UNESCO changed its classification of Cornish from "extinct" to "critically endangered", seen as a milestone for the revival of the language.

Henry Jenner
Henry Jenner FSA (8 August 1848 – 8 May 1934) was a British scholar of the Celtic languages, a Cornish cultural activist, and the chief originator of the Cornish language revival.

Jenner was born at St Columb Major on 8 August 1848. He was the son of Henry Lascelles Jenner, who was one of two curates to the Rector of St. Columb Major, and later consecrated though not enthroned as the first Bishop of Dunedin and the grandson of Herbert Jenner-Fust. In 1869 Jenner became a clerk in the Probate Division of the High Court and two years later was nominated by the Primate at Canterbury for a post in the Department of Ancient Manuscripts in the British Museum, his father then being the Rector of Preston, a small village near Canterbury.

In 1904, he successfully campaigned for Cornwall to join the Celtic Congress. He jointly founded the Old Cornwall Society at St Ives in 1920 and in 1928 he was a joint founder of the Cornish Gorsedh.
Rancate
Rancate was a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

On 5 April 2009  the municipalities of Arzo, Capolago, Genestrerio, Mendrisio, Rancate and Tremona merged into the municipality of Mendrisio.

Mendrisio District
The Mendrisio District (Italian: Distretto di Mendrisio, also called Mendrisiotto) is the southernmost district of canton of Ticino and of Switzerland. To its north lies the Lugano District. It is surrounded on the other three sides by Italy: to the east and south by the province of Como, and to the west by the province of Varese. It has a population of 49,969 (as of 31 December 2020).
Swift Trail Junction, Arizona
Swift Trail Junction is a census-designated place (CDP) in Graham County, Arizona, United States. The population was 2,935 at the 2010 census, up from 2,195 in 2000. It is part of the Safford Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is situated at the junction of U.S. Route 191 and State Route 366 (also known as the Swift Trail Parkway). The Swift Trail Parkway is a scenic highway that winds through the Coronado National Forest and provides access to the higher elevations of the Pinaleño Mountains.

Graham County, Arizona
Graham County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,533, making it the third-least populous county in Arizona. The county seat is Safford.

Graham County composes the Safford, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The county is home to several organizations including Eastern Arizona College and the Mount Graham International Observatory, which includes one of the world's largest and most powerful telescopes. Graham County is also home to the Arizona Salsa Trail and the annual Salsa Fest.

Graham County contains part of the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation.
Moving to Opportunity
Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing (MTO) was a randomized social experiment sponsored by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the 1990s among 4,600 low-income families with children living in high-poverty public housing projects.

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It administers federal housing and urban development laws. It is headed by the secretary of housing and urban development, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

Although its beginnings were in the House and Home Financing Agency, it was founded as a Cabinet department in 1965, as part of the "Great Society" program of President Lyndon B. Johnson, to develop and execute policies on housing and metropolises.
Mini Countryman
The Mini Countryman, also called Mini Crossover in Japan until 2024, is a subcompact crossover SUV, the first vehicle of this type to be launched by BMW under the Mini marque. It was launched in 2010 and received a facelift in 2014. The second generation vehicle was released in 2017 and received a facelift in 2020. The third generation of the Countryman was released in 2023.

Subcompact crossover SUV
Subcompact crossover SUV is an automobile segment used to describe the smallest segment of crossover SUV, a type of sport utility vehicle, below the compact crossover SUV. Subcompact crossover SUVs are usually based on a platform of a subcompact (also known as supermini or B-segment) passenger car, although some high-end subcompact crossover models are based on a compact car (C-segment). The segment started to gain traction during early to mid-2010s when the number of models and sales figures rapidly increased in major markets such as North America and Europe. In 2019, around 22 percent of SUV global sales were contributed by subcompact crossovers.

The segment is particularly popular in Europe, India, and Brazil where they account for 37 percent, 75 percent, and 69 percent of total SUV sales in 2018 respectively. In 2019, the best selling subcompact crossover was the Honda HR-V, recording 622,154 units being sold worldwide.
Proterochyta
Proterochyta is a monotypic moth genus in the family Scythrididae. Its only species, Proterochyta epicoena is found in Mozambique, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Gauteng, South Africa. Both the genus and species were first described by Edward Meyrick in 1914.

The wingspan is about 13–14 mm. The forewings are whitish with some scattered light brownish scales in the disc and posteriorly. The hindwings are grey.

Scythrididae
Scythrididae (flower moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The family is sometimes included in the Xyloryctidae as a subfamily Scythridinae, but the Xyloryctidae themselves have sometimes been included in the Oecophoridae as subfamily. Scythrididae adults are smallish to mid-sized moths, which when at rest appear teardrop-shaped.
Jackson Island
Jackson Island (Russian: Остров Джексона, Ostrov Dzheksona) is an island located in Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian Federation. This island is part of the Zichy Land subgroup of the central part of the archipelago.

Zichy Land
Zichy Land (Russian: Земля Зичи; Zemlya Zichy) is a geographical subgroup of Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.
It is formed by the central cluster of large islands in the midst of the archipelago. The islands are separated from each other by narrow sounds that are frozen most of the year, forming a compact whole.

This island group was named after Hungarian Count Ödön Zichy (1811-1894)  who was, beside Count Johann Nepomuk Wilczek, the second highest sponsor for the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition to Franz Josef Land.
Tropidosuchus
Tropidosuchus is an extinct genus of carnivorous archosauriforms from the Middle Triassic epoch (Anisian to Ladinian stage). It is a proterochampsid which lived in what is now Argentina. It is known from the holotype PVL 4601, which consists of partial skeleton. It was found in the Chañares Formation and its type locality is the Chañares River. It was first named by A. B. Arcucci in 1990 and the type species is Tropidosuchus romeri.

Proterochampsidae
Proterochampsidae is a family of proterochampsian archosauriforms. Proterochampsids may have filled an ecological niche similar to modern crocodiles, and had a general crocodile-like appearance. They lived in what is now South America in the Middle and Late Triassic.
Taco
A taco (US: /ˈtɑːkoʊ/, UK: /ˈtækoʊ/, Spanish: [ˈtako]) is a traditional Mexican dish consisting of a small hand-sized corn- or wheat-based tortilla topped with a filling. The tortilla is then folded around the filling and eaten by hand. A taco can be made with a variety of fillings, including beef, pork, chicken, seafood, beans, vegetables, and cheese, and garnished with various condiments, such as salsa, guacamole, or sour cream, and vegetables, such as lettuce, coriander, onion, tomatoes, and chiles. Tacos are a common form of antojitos, or Mexican street food, which have spread around the world.

Tacos can be contrasted with similar foods such as burritos, which are often much larger and rolled rather than folded; taquitos, which are rolled and fried; or chalupas/tostadas, in which the tortilla is fried before filling.

Sour cream
Sour cream (sometimes known as soured cream in British English) is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. The bacterial culture, which is introduced either deliberately or naturally, sours and thickens the cream. Its name comes from the production of lactic acid by bacterial fermentation, which is called souring. Crème fraîche is one type of sour cream with a high fat content and less sour taste.
Oakenclough
Oakenclough (/ˈoʊkənkluː/) is an English hamlet located on the edge of the Forest of Bowland in Lancashire.

Oakenclough is a small and scattered community, which appears to have developed largely as a result of a paper mill being sited here to make use of the water power available from the swiftly flowing River Calder. In 1827, Quaker John Jackson bought the mill from Richard Curtis, a paper manufacturer and farmer who had gone bankrupt. Jackson built and lived in the adjacent house, known as Calder Bank, where his descendants continued to live for well over a hundred years. Jackson's brothers, Jonathan and Richard, founded nearby Calder Vale in 1835, when they built a mill on the river. It was used to weave cotton and is still in use today, even though the river no longer provides the power.

Built by public subscription, St. John's Church, and the small church school next to it, stands at the top of Church Wood between Calder Vale and Oakenclough.

River Calder, Wyre
The River Calder is a 13-mile (21 km) long river that is one of the main tributaries of the River Wyre in Lancashire, England. Like the other rivers in England with the name Calder, its name is thought to derive from a mixture of Old Welsh and Old British words meaning "hard and violent water or stream".
Oklahoma Labor Commissioner
The Oklahoma Commissioner of Labor is an elective executive officer of the State of Oklahoma. The Labor Commissioner serves as the head of the Oklahoma Department of Labor. The Labor Commissioner is responsible for supervising the administration of all state laws relating to labor and workplace safety and gathers and publishes information about the workforce of Oklahoma.

Until his death in August, 2015, the Labor Commissioner was Mark Costello, a Republican, who defeated the incumbent Lloyd Fields, a Democrat in the November 2010 election. In November 2015, Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin appointed Melissa McLawhorn Houston to serve out the remainder of Costello’s term. Houston did not seek reelection to the position in the 2018 election, and was succeeded as Commissioner by Leslie Osborn.

Mark Costello (Oklahoma politician)
Mark Costello (November 10, 1955 – August 23, 2015) was an American politician and businessman who served as Commissioner of Labor of Oklahoma from 2011 to 2015. A Republican, he was elected in 2010, defeating the Democratic incumbent, Lloyd Fields. Before his election he was a businessman who founded several technology companies.

After taking office, he established a non-profit advocacy group  to oppose the positions of public employee unions, and fought federal regulations on family farms.