hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exaeretodon
Exaeretodon is an extinct genus of fairly large, low-slung traversodontid cynodonts from the southern parts of Pangea. Four species are known, hailing from various formations. E. argentinus is from the Carnian-age (Late Triassic) Cancha de Bochas Member of the Ischigualasto Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina. E. major and E. riograndensis are from the Carnian-age portion of the Santa Maria Formation of the Paraná Basin in southeastern Brazil. E. statisticae is from the Carnian-age Lower Maleri Formation of India.

Traversodontidae
Traversodontidae is an extinct family of herbivorous cynodonts. Traversodonts were primarily Gondwanan, with many species known from Africa and South America. Recently, traversodonts have also been found from Europe and North America. Traversodonts first appeared in the Middle Triassic and diversified in the Late Triassic before going extinct at the end of the epoch. The family Traversodontidae was erected by Friedrich von Huene in 1936 for cynodonts first found in São Pedro do Sul in Paleorrota, Brazil.
Descôteaux v Mierzwinski
Descôteaux v Mierzwinski, [1982] 1 SCR 860 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on solicitor-client privilege. The court reaffirmed the opinion in R. v. Solosky that privilege was a substantive right that even existed outside of a proceeding.

Legal professional privilege
In common law jurisdictions and some civil law jurisdictions, legal professional privilege protects all communications between a professional legal adviser (a solicitor, barrister or attorney) and their clients from being disclosed without the permission of the client. The privilege is that of the client and not that of the lawyer.

The purpose behind this legal principle is to protect an individual's ability to access the justice system by encouraging complete disclosure to legal advisers without the fear that any disclosure of those communications may prejudice the client in the future.
Montaldo di Mondovì
Montaldo di Mondovì is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Cuneo.

Montaldo di Mondovì borders the following municipalities: Frabosa Soprana, Monastero di Vasco, Roburent, Torre Mondovì, and Vicoforte.

Roburent
Roburent (Italian pronunciation: [robuˈrɛnt]) is a comune (commune or municipality) of the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont. It is located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Cuneo. As of 1 January 2009 its population was 552. The comune extends over a largely wooded area of 29.9 km2 (11.5 sq mi) ranging in elevation from 580 to 1,819 metres (1,903 to 5,968 ft) above sea level and straddling the Corsaglia and Casotto valleys. It borders the  municipalities of Frabosa Soprana, Garessio, Montaldo di Mondovì, Ormea, Pamparato, and Torre Mondovì.
John Pares Craine
John Pares Craine (June 28, 1911 - December 24, 1977) was the eighth bishop of the Diocese of Indianapolis in  The Episcopal Church, serving from 1959 until his death on Christmas Eve in 1977, shortly before his scheduled retirement. He supported the ordination of women.

Episcopal Diocese of Indianapolis
The Episcopal Diocese of Indianapolis, formerly known as the Episcopal Diocese of Indiana, is a diocese in Province V (for the Midwest region) of the Episcopal Church. It encompasses the southern two-thirds of the state of Indiana. Its see is in Indianapolis, Indiana, at Christ Church Cathedral. According to the diocesan newsletter, the diocese has 10,137 communicants in 49 parishes. The current bishop is Jennifer Baskerville-Burrows, the first African-American woman to serve as diocesan bishop in the Episcopal Church and the first woman to succeed another woman as a diocesan bishop in the Episcopal Church; Catherine Waynick served as bishop of the diocese from 1997 to 2017.

The diocese reported 9,336 members in 2015 and 7,711 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 47 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $8,767,134. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 2,869 persons.
Florida Southern Railway
The Florida Southern Railway was a railway that operated in Florida in the late 1800s.  It was one of Florida's three notable narrow gauge railways when it was built along with the South Florida Railway and the Orange Belt Railway.  The Florida Southern was originally chartered to run from Lake City south through central Florida to Charlotte Harbor.  However, with the influence of Henry B. Plant, it operated with two discontinuous segments that would be part of the Plant System, which would later become part of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway.

Live Oak, Tampa and Charlotte Harbor Railroad
The Live Oak, Tampa and Charlotte Harbor Railroad was a historic railroad in Florida chartered by railroad tycoon Henry B. Plant.  It was built as an extension of Plant's Live Oak and Rowlands Bluff Railroad.  Together, the two lines ran from Live Oak, Florida, to Gainesville via High Springs.  The lines were completed in 1884.
Eorodale
Eorodale (Scottish Gaelic: Eòradal) is a settlement in the community of Ness, on Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Eorodale is within the parish of Barvas, and is situated on the B8015 between Lionel and Skigersta.

Lionel, Lewis
Lionel (Scottish Gaelic: Lìonal) is a village in the Ness area of the Isle of Lewis. Lionel is within the parish of Barvas. Lionel is situated near the northern end of the A857, at the junctions with the B8013 to Eoropie and the B8015 to Eorodale and Skigersta.
Proto-Balto-Slavic language
Proto-Balto-Slavic (PBS or PBSl) is a reconstructed proto-language descending from Proto-Indo-European (PIE). From Proto-Balto-Slavic, the later Balto-Slavic languages are thought to have developed, composed of the Baltic and Slavic sub-branches, and including modern Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Russian and Serbo-Croatian, among others.

Like most other proto-languages, it is not attested by any surviving texts but has been reconstructed using the comparative method. There are several isoglosses that Baltic and Slavic languages share in phonology, morphology and accentology, which represent common innovations from Proto-Indo-European times and can be chronologically arranged.

Slavic liquid metathesis and pleophony
The Slavic liquid metathesis refers to the phenomenon of metathesis of liquid consonants in the Common Slavic period in the South Slavic and West Slavic area. The closely related corresponding phenomenon of pleophony (also known as polnoglasie or full vocalization) occurred in parallel in the East Slavic languages.

The change acted on syllables in which the Proto-Slavic liquid consonants *r and *l occurred in a coda position. The result of the change is dependent upon the phonological environment and accents, and it varies in different Slavic languages.

The change has been dated to the second half of the 8th century, before any Slavic languages were recorded in writing. Therefore, the change itself cannot be observed, but it can be inferred by comparing words in different Slavic languages. Evidence of the earlier state of affairs is also preserved in loanwords into and from Early Slavic as well as in cognates in other Indo-European languages, particularly Baltic languages.
Christ Church, Barking
Christ Church, Barking or Christ Church, Thames View is a Church of England church on the Thames View estate in Barking, Greater London. It was built between 1958 and 1959 as a chapel of ease to St Patrick's. From the late 1970s until 1 January 2017 it formed a team parish with St Patrick's and St Margaret's.

St Patrick's Church, Barking
St Patrick's Church is a grade II listed church on Blake Avenue in the Eastbury district in Barking. It was formed in 1924 as the temporary Church of the Ascension, which was turned into a parish hall in 1940 after being replaced by the permanent brown-brick church, dedicated to Saint Patrick and designed in the Moderne style by A. E. Wiseman. A parish was formed for the permanent church in 1939 by splitting an area off from that of St Margaret's. In 1959 Christ Church, Barking, was added to the parish of St Patrick's as a chapel of ease. Christ Church, St Patrick's and St Margaret's formed a single team parish until 1 January 2017. It is now a parish in its own right.
Bejubang
Bejubang, also known as Bajubang, is a town and district (kecamatan) of the Batang Hari Regency in the Jambi Province of Sumatra, Indonesia. Nearby towns and villages include Muara Bulian (6.4 nm), Muarasingoan (9.5 nm), Kuap (13.0 nm), Talangpelempang (11.0 nm), Tempino (11.0 nm), Betung (5.0 nm) and Pinangtinggi (9.0 nm) 
.

Muarasingoan
Muarasingoan is a village in the Batang Hari Regency in the Jambi Province of Sumatra, Indonesia.

Nearby towns and villages include Palayangan (3.2 nm), Kuap (5.7 nm), Muarabulian (4.1 nm) and Bejubang (9.5 nm).
Bahr el Gazel (province of Chad)
Barh El Gazel (Arabic: منطقة بحر الغزال, French: Province du Barh El Gazel) is one of the 23 provinces of Chad. The province's name may also be written as Barh El Gazal or Bahr el Gazel. Its capital is the town of Moussoro.

The province was created in 2008 from the former Barh El Gazel Department of the Kanem Region. On 10 August 2018, a new ordinance divided Chad into 23 provinces, 107 departments, and 377 communes. The names of the former regions remained the same but were now called provinces.

Provinces of Chad
The Republic of Chad is divided into 23 provinces.

Chad was divided into regions in 2002. It was previously divided into prefectures, and then departments.

On 10 August 2018, a new ordinance divided Chad into 23 provinces, 95 departments, and 365 communes. The names of the former regions remained the same but were now called provinces. On 4 July 2024, a new ordinance further divided the 23 provinces into 120 departments and 454 sub-prefectures.

Until 2025, the leaders of the provinces of Chad were known as governors. They are now called delegates general of the government.
Zólyom County
Zólyom county (Latin: Comitatus Zoliensis; Hungarian: Zólyom (vár)megye; Slovak: Zvolenský komitát/Zvolenská stolica/Zvolenská župa; German: Sohler Gespanschaft/Komitat Sohl) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Slovakia.

Turóc County
Turóc (Hungarian, historically also spelled Túrócz), Slovak: Turiec, Latin: Thurotzium/comitatus Thurociensis, German: Turz) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Slovakia, where the corresponding Slovak name Turiec is only an informal designation of the corresponding territory.
South African type MR tender
The South African type MR tender was a steam locomotive tender.

Type MR tenders were rebuilt from Type MP1 tenders, which had entered service between 1912 and 1920. The rebuilding resulted in a tender with a larger water tank, but the same coal capacity.

South African Class 14 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 14 4-8-2 of 1913 was a steam locomotive.

Between 1913 and 1915, the South African Railways placed 45 Class 14 steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service in Natal.
Pyrus bourgaeana
Pyrus bourgaeana, or the Iberian pear, is a species of pear in the rose family Rosaceae, and a close relative of the common pear (Pyrus communis). This small tree (typically 3–6 m high) is widely distributed across the southern Iberian Peninsula and northern Morocco, where it coexists with four other Pyrus species: common pear, Plymouth pear (P. cordata), almond-leaved pear (P. spinosa), and snow pear (P. nivalis). Characteristics to discriminate these species are the width of fruit peduncle, petal size, leaf width and petiole length.

Pear
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and are harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus /ˈpaɪrəs/, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.

The tree is medium-sized and native to coastal and mildly temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Pear wood is one of the preferred materials in the manufacture of high-quality woodwind instruments and furniture.

About 3,000 known varieties of pears are grown worldwide, which vary in both shape and taste. The fruit is consumed fresh, canned, as juice, dried, or fermented as perry.
Defensive gun use
Defensive gun use (DGU) is the use or presentation of a firearm for self-defense, defense of others or, in some cases, protecting property. The frequency of incidents involving DGU and their effectiveness in providing safety and reducing crime are controversial issues in gun politics and criminology, chiefly in the United States.: 64  Different authors and studies employ different criteria for what constitutes a defensive gun use which leads to controversy in comparing statistical results. Perceptions of  defensive gun use are recurring themes in discussions over gun rights, gun control, armed police, open and concealed carry of firearms.

Gun politics in the United States
In the context of gun violence in the United States, there are two primary opposing ideologies regarding private firearm ownership: gun control and gun rights.

Advocates of gun control support increasingly restrictive regulations on gun ownership, while proponents of gun rights oppose such restrictions and often support the liberalization of gun ownership. These groups typically differ in their interpretations of the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, as well as in their views on the role of firearms in public safety, their impact on public health, and their relationship to crime rates at both national and state levels.: 1–3

Since the early 21st century, private firearm ownership in the United States has been steadily increasing, with a notable acceleration during and after 2020.
The survey also indicates a rise in the diversity of firearm owners, with increased ownership rates among females and ethnic minorities compared to previous years.
Liceo linguistico
Liceo linguistico (Italian: [liˈtʃɛːo liŋˈɡwistiko]; lit. 'linguistic lyceum') is a type of secondary school in Italy. It is designed to give students the skills to progress to any university or higher educational institution. Students can attend the liceo linguistico after successfully completing middle school (scuola media).

The curriculum is devised by the Ministry of Education, and emphasises the link between multiculturalism and language learning. It covers a complete and widespread range of disciplines.

Students typically study for five years, and attend the school from the age of 14 to 19. At the end of the fifth year all students sit for the esame di Stato, a final examination which gives access to every university course.

A student attending a liceo is called "liceale", although the more generic terms studente (male) and studentessa (female) are also in common use. Teachers are known as professore (male) or professoressa (female).

Matura
Matura or its translated terms (mature, matur, maturita, maturità, Maturität, maturité, матура, érettségi) is a Latin name for the secondary school exit exam or "maturity diploma" in various European countries, including Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine.

It is taken by young adults (usually aged from 17 to 20) at the end of their secondary education, and generally must be passed in order to apply to a university or other institutions of higher education. Matura is a matriculation examination and can be compared to A-Level exams, the Abitur or the Baccalauréat.
Rockets (Germany)
Rockets is a German professional basketball team. It is originally based in Gotha, Germany, but plays its home games in Erfurt. The Rockets is the first team of the BiG Gotha basketball club.

In 2017, Rockets promoted to the Basketball Bundesliga (BBL), the German first tier. Following its debut season in the BBL, the professional team of Rockets was dissolved. Since 2018-19 season the team plays in the 2nd Regional League under the name BiG Rockets Gotha. On April 12, 2025 the team became champion of the 2nd Regional League and got promoted to the 4th tier 1st Regional League.

Oettinger Brewery
Oettinger Brauerei is a brewery group in Germany. Oettinger was Germany's best selling beer brand between 2004 and 2013 with an annual output of 6.21 million hectolitres (5,290,000 US bbl) in 2011.

Oettinger's headquarters are in Oettingen in Bayern but they also have breweries in Mönchengladbach and Braunschweig. They had a brewery in Gotha however this was closed in late 2022.
Victoria Sandell Svensson
Victoria Margareta Sandell Svensson (born 18 May 1977) is a Swedish football manager and former player. Nicknamed Vickan, she was team captain on the Swedish women's national team and Djurgårdens IF Dam, captaining the national team during the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup, and is one of the most merited Swedish footballers of all time. She was originally known as Victoria Svensson, and then Victoria Sandell Svensson after marrying Camilla Sandell in April 2008 and adding her surname to her own.

2003 FIFA Women's World Cup
The 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup, the quadrennial championship of women's national soccer teams organized by FIFA. It was held in the United States from September 20 to October 12, 2003, at six venues in six cities across the country. The tournament was won by Germany, who became the first country to win both the men's and women's World Cup.

China was originally awarded the right to host the tournament, which would have taken place from September 23 to October 11 in four cities. A severe outbreak of SARS in early 2003 affected Guangdong in southern China and prompted FIFA to move the Women's World Cup to the United States, who had hosted the previous edition in 1999. China was instead granted hosting rights for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup and financial compensation while the United States Soccer Federation made new arrangements to host at smaller stadiums.
All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship
The GAA Hurling All-Ireland Intermediate Club Championship (also known as the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship) is an annual Irish hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA). It is the intermediate-grade All-Ireland championship for clubs, and has been contested every year since the 2004–05 championship.

The All-Ireland series is contested by the four provincial champions from the Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster intermediate club championships. The competition is played on a straight knockout basis.

The most successful county is Kilkenny, with eight titles, while no club has won the championship more than once.

2004–05 All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship
The 2004–05 All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association. The championship ran from 31 October 2004 to 28 March 2005.

The All-Ireland final was played on 28 March 2005 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between Kiladangan from Tipperary and Carrickshock from Kilkenny, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Kiladangan won the match by 2-13 to 1-13 to claim their first All-Ireland title.

Kiladangan's Darragh Egan was the championship's top scorer with 2-29.
Kanu Roy
Kanu Roy (1912 – 1981) was an Indian actor and music composer in Hindi and Bengali films. 
He gave music for most of Basu Bhattacharya's films.

His most famous compositions are for Geeta Dutt, such as Aaj ki kaali ghata in Uski Kahani (1966), Lyrics: Kaifi Azmi, and the songs of Geeta Dutt's last film as a singer, Anubhav (1971) – "Koi Chupke Se Aake", "Mera Dil Jo Mera Hota" and "Meri Jaan Mujhe Jaan Na Kaho". He also gave two hits to Manna Dey in Anubhav – "Phir Koi Phool Khila" and in Avishkaar  – "Hansne Ki Chaah Ne Kitna Mujhe Rulaya Hai" and "Machal Ke Jab Bhi Aankhon Mein" by Bhupinder Singh in Griha Pravesh (1979). In his early struggling years in Mumbai, he did small film roles, and gave film music whenever he got a chance.

The Jagjit and Chitra Singh rendition of "Babul Mora Naihar Chhooto Jaye" in Avishkaar (1973) is also fairly well known. His other films were not so successful, however.

Naughty Boy (film)
Naughty Boy is a 1962 Indian romantic comedy film, starring Kishore Kumar and Kalpana Mohan. It was produced and directed by Shakti Samanta. The music was composed by S. D. Burman and he was assisted by his own son R. D. Burman. Dialogues were written by Vrajendra Gaur.

Due to the popularity of them as couple, Madhubala and Kishore Kumar were initially cast in the film. However, director Samanta replaced Madhubala with Mohan due to her illness and poor health condition.
First Nations in Manitoba
First Nations in Manitoba constitute of over 160,000 registered persons as of 2021, about 57% of whom live on reserve. Manitoba is second to Ontario in total on-reserve population and in total First Nation population.

There are 63 First Nations in the province and five indigenous linguistic groups. The languages are Nēhiyawēwin, Ojibwe, Dakota, Oji-Cree, and Dene.

First Nations are listed by common usage names but other names may be applied in certain areas; for example, "Cree Nation" and "First Nation" is applied to certain bands on the same reserve.

Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation
The Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation (NCN; Cree: ᓂᓯᒐᐚᔭᓯᕽ, nisicawâyasihk; formerly the Nelson House First Nation) is a Cree First Nations community centered in Nelson House, Manitoba, Canada. Its main reserve is Nelson House 170.

Nelson House is located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Thompson and is accessible via the mixed paved and gravel Provincial Road 391. The Cree name Nisichawayasihk means, “Where three rivers meet”. The largest community, business and government centre is located at Nelson House on the north shore of Footprint Lake at the convergence of the Burntwood, Footprint, and Rat Rivers. Smaller areas of development occur at Dog Point, R.C, Mission Point  and the New Area.
Drab (color)
Drab is a dull, light-brown color. It originally took its name from a fabric of the same color made of undyed, homespun wool. The word was first used in English in 1686. It probably originated from the Old French word drap, which meant cloth. In 1897 the Sears catalog listed household paint colors including drab, light drab, Quaker drab, and olive drab.

The normalized color coordinates for drab are identical to sand dune, mode beige and bistre brown, which were first recorded as color names in English, respectively, in 1925, 1928, and 1930.

The word gradually came to mean dull, lifeless, or monotonous.

Desert sand (color)
Desert sand is a very light and very weakly saturated reddish yellow color which corresponds specifically to the coloration of sand. It may also be regarded as a deep tone of beige.

Desert sand was used by General Motors, along with "rosewood", as a paint color for their early Cadillacs.

In 1998, desert sand was made into a Crayola crayon color.

The color shown matches the palest of the three colors in the 3-color Desert Camouflage Uniform of United States Armed Forces, which in 1990 began to replace the 6-color Desert Battle Dress Uniform.