hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
President Lincoln's Cottage at the Soldiers' Home
President Lincoln's Cottage is a historic home used by Abraham Lincoln on the grounds of the Soldiers' Home, known today as the Armed Forces Retirement Home, near the Petworth neighborhood in Washington, D.C. In 2000 it was designated a national monument called President Lincoln and Soldiers' Home National Monument.

President Abraham Lincoln and his family resided seasonally on the grounds of the Soldiers' Home to escape the heat and political pressure of downtown Washington, as did President James Buchanan (1857–1861) before him. President Lincoln's Cottage also served as the Summer White House for Presidents Rutherford B. Hayes (1877–1881) and Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885).

Petworth (Washington, D.C.)
Petworth is a neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located in Northwest D.C. While largely residential, Petworth is home to a notable commercial corridor of shops and restaurants, primarily along Georgia Avenue and Upshur Street, as well as a portion of 14th Street. The neighborhood is accessible via the Georgia Ave–Petworth station on the Green Line of the Washington Metro.
Pitfall (game show)
Pitfall is a Canadian game show that aired in American and Canadian syndication from September 14, 1981, to September 1982. The host was Alex Trebek and the announcer was John Barton (who also served as co-producer). The show featured contestants attempting to predict the outcome of survey questions conducted to the studio audience, and the bonus round required them to cross an elevated bridge by answering trivia questions.

The show was filmed at Panorama Film Studios in West Vancouver, British Columbia and produced by Catalena Productions, with distribution provided by Rhodes Productions. Due to Catalena going bankrupt in 1981, production of the show ended; as a result, many contestants and staff were never paid.

Panorama Film Studios
Panorama Film Studios, sometimes referred to as Hollyburn Film Studios, was a two sound stage and projection/dubbing theater complex constructed circa 1960 in the lower foothills of Hollyburn Mountain at West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was financed with help from UK investor(s), including Lord Folkestone, hence the name of the paved private road that ran from the Upper Levels Highway (Trans-Canada Highway 1) to the large studio parking lot. The studio address was 2280 Folkestone Way. Dirt mountain roads led from behind the studio up the side of Hollyburn mountain, at the time totally pristine tree-covered land. The building was eventually demolished and today the area is residential.
Color calibration
The aim of color calibration is to measure and/or adjust the color response of a device (input or output) to a known state. In International Color Consortium (ICC) terms, this is the basis for an additional color characterization of the device and later profiling. In non-ICC workflows, calibration sometimes refers to establishing a known relationship to a standard color space in one go. The device that is to be calibrated is sometimes known as a calibration source; the color space that serves as a standard is sometimes known as a calibration target. Color calibration is a requirement for all devices taking an active part in a color-managed workflow and is used by many industries, such as television production, gaming, photography, engineering, chemistry, medicine, and more.

Image color transfer
Image color transfer is a function that maps (transforms) the colors of one (source) image to the colors of another (target) image. A color mapping may be referred to as the algorithm that results in the mapping function or the algorithm that transforms the image colors. The image changing process is sometimes called color transfer or, when grayscale images are involved, brightness transfer function (BTF); it may also be called photometric camera calibration or radiometric camera calibration.

The term image color transfer is a bit of a misnomer since most common algorithms transfer both color and shading. (Indeed, the example shown on this page predominantly transfers shading other than a small orange region within the image that is adjusted to yellow.)
Charles Plymell
Charles Plymell (born April 26, 1935, in Holcomb, Kansas) is a poet, novelist, and small press publisher. Plymell has been published widely, collaborated with, and published many poets, writers, and artists, including principals of the Beat Generation.

He has published, printed, and designed many underground magazines and books with his wife Pamela Beach, a namesake in avant-garde publishing. He published former prisoner Ray Bremser and Herbert Huncke, whom he identified with from the hipster 1950s. He was influential in the underground comix scene, first printing Zap Comix artists such as Robert Crumb and S. Clay Wilson, whom he first published in Lawrence, Kansas.

Plymell received a citation for being a distinguished poet by Governor Joan Finney of Kansas and was cited in the 1976 World Book Encyclopedia as a most promising poet.

Neal Cassady
Neal Leon Cassady (February 8, 1926 – February 4, 1968) was an American writer  who was a major figure of the Beat Generation of the 1950s and the psychedelic and counterculture movements of the 1960s.

Cassady published only two short fragments of prose in his lifetime, but exerted considerable intellectual and stylistic influence through his conversation and correspondence. Letters, poems, and an unfinished autobiographical novel have been published since his death.

He was prominently featured as himself in the "scroll" (first draft) version of Jack Kerouac's novel On the Road, and served as the model for the character Dean Moriarty in the 1957 version of that book. In many of Kerouac's later books, Cassady is represented by the character Cody Pomeray. Cassady also appeared in Allen Ginsberg's poems and in several other works of literature by other writers.
Arghandab District, Kandahar
Arghandab (Pashto/Persian: ارغنداب) is a district in the central part of Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. It borders Panjwai and Khakrez districts to the west, Shah Wali Kot District to the north and east and Kandahar District to the east and south.

The population, as of 2006, was 54,900. The district centre is Arghandab, located northwest of Kandahar. The Arghandab River flows through the district in its eastern part West from the district center, and the area is irrigated by the Helmand and Arghandab Valley Authority. The climate, river and irrigation allow the inhabitants to aggregate several different forms of produce. The main agricultural crops in this region are pomegranates, grapes, plums, and Cannabis sativa.

Shah Wali Kot District
32°06′N 66°00′E﻿ / ﻿32.1°N 66.0°E﻿ / 32.1; 66.0

Shah Wali Kot District (Pashto: شاه ولي کوټ ولسوالۍ, Persian: ولسوالی شاه ولی کوت) is situated in the northern part of Kandahar Province, Afghanistan. It borders Khakrez District to the west, Naish District and Oruzgan Province to the north, Zabul Province to the east and Daman and Arghandab districts to the south. The population is 38,400 (2006). The district center is located in the most southern part of the district. The district has been known as a stronghold of the Taliban forces.
Pattypan squash
Pattypan squash (or patty pan) is a varietal group of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo) notable for its round and shallow shape, and scalloped edges, somewhat resembling a flying saucer. Pattypan squash represents one of the oldest domesticated varieties of C. pepo, with archaeological evidence showing cultivation by Native Americans in eastern North America dating back 8,000-10,000 years.

Summer squash
Summer squash can either refer to a squash plant with fruit that is harvested when immature, or the fruit itself. The word "summer" reflects their early harvest period and short storage life, in contrast to winter squashes. Some Cucurbita species and varieties are cultivated for both "summer" and "winter" fruit.
Gibbulinopsis
Gibbulinopsis is a genus of gastropods belonging to the family Pupillidae.

The species of this genus are found in Asia, Africa, Australia.

Species:

Gibbulinopsis cryptodon (Heude, 1880)

Gibbulinopsis fontana (F.Krauss, 1848)

Gibbulinopsis gracilis (Izzatullaev, 1970)

Gibbulinopsis interrupta (Reinhardt, 1876)

Gibbulinopsis nanosignata Schileyko & Izzatullaev, 1980

Gibbulinopsis pupula (Deshayes, 1863)

Gibbulinopsis rahti (A.Braun, 1851)

Gibbulinopsis signata (Mousson, 1873)

Gibbulinopsis submuscorum (Gottschick & Wenz, 1919)

Pupillidae
Pupillidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.

This family has two subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).: Pupillinae W. Turton, 1831 and Pupoidinae Iredale, 1940.
Leah (given name)
Leah is a feminine given name of Hebrew origin. Its meaning is often deciphered as "delicate" or "weary". The name can be traced back to the Biblical matriarch Leah, one of the two wives of Jacob. This name may derive from Hebrew: לֵאָה, romanized: lē’ah, presumably cognate with Akkadian 𒀖 littu, meaning 'wild cow', from Proto-Semitic *layʾ-at- ~ laʾay-at- 'cow'.

The name "Leah" also refers to the Old English word léah meaning "meadow". The word is a common component in Anglo-Saxon place names and can denote forests, clearings and fields.

Lya (name)
Lya is a female first or given name and is usually thought of as a variant of "Lia" or "Leah."

Notable people with the name include:

Lya Barrioz, Nicaraguan singer

Lya De Putti (1899–1931), Hungarian actress

Lya Isabel Fernández Olivares (born 2007), Mexican tennis player

Lya Imber (1914–1981), Bessarabian-Venezuelan pediatrician

Lya Ley (1899–1992), Austrian actress

Lya Luft (born 1938), Brazilian writer

Lya Lys (1908–1986), German American actress

Lya Mara (1897–1960), German actress
Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".

Duopoly (broadcasting)
A duopoly (or twinstick, referring to "stick" as jargon for a radio tower) is a situation in television and radio broadcasting in which two or more stations in the same city or community share common ownership.
Air Heritage Aviation Museum
Air Heritage Aviation Museum is an aviation museum and aircraft restoration facility in Beaver County, Pennsylvania near Beaver Falls. The museum has multiple aircraft on display, as well as a C-123 and C-47 which are airworthy and are taken to airshows.

Fairchild 24
The Fairchild Model 24, also called the Fairchild Model 24 Argus and UC-61 Forwarder, is a four-seat, single-engine monoplane light transport aircraft designed by the Fairchild Aviation Corporation in the 1930s. It was adopted by the United States Army Air Corps as UC-61 and also by the Royal Air Force. The Model 24 was itself a development of previous Fairchild models and became a successful civil and military utility aircraft. It first flew in 1932, and over 2230 would be produced by the time production ended in the late 1940s.

The original design had a radial engine, resulting in a blunt cylindrical nose, while the later UC-61K and UC-86 used a different engine configuration resulting in a more tapered nose; overall several different engines were used across variants.
Binchuan County
Binchuan County (simplified Chinese: 宾川县; traditional Chinese: 賓川縣; pinyin: Bīnchuān Xiàn; Bai: Bil•gel) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in the west of Yunnan Province, China. It borders Dayao County to the east, Xiangyun County to the south, Dali City to the west, and Heqing County and Yongsheng County to the north.

Xiangyun County
Xiangyun County (simplified Chinese: 祥云县; traditional Chinese: 祥雲縣; pinyin: Xiángyún Xiàn; Bai: Piel-dant) is a county in the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture located in the west-central part of Yunnan province, China. It borders Dayao County, Yao'an County and Nanhua County to the east, Midu County to the south, Dali City to the west, and Binchuan County to the north.
East High School (Denver, Colorado)
East High School is a historical public high school located in the City Park neighborhood on the east side of Denver, Colorado, United States. It is part of the Denver Public Schools system, and is one of four original high schools in Denver. The other three are West, North, and South.

City Park, Denver
City Park is an urban park and neighborhood in Denver, Colorado. The park is 330 acres (1.3 km2) and is located in east-central Denver.  The park contains the Denver Zoo, the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Ferril and Duck Lakes, and a boathouse. City Park is also the name of the neighborhood that contains the park, though the park is the vast majority of the neighborhood. To the immediate north of the park is the City Park Golf Course. City Park is the largest park in Denver.
Finstergrund
The Finstergrund Pit (German: Grube Finstergrund) near Wieden in the Black Forest in Germany is an abandoned medieval silver and lead mine that was also used in the modern era to extract fluorite and baryte. Since 1982 it has been used as a visitor mine.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
Soviet Air Defence Forces
The Soviet Air Defence Forces (Russian: войска ПВО, romanized: voyska protivovozdushnoy oborony, voyska PVO, V-PVO, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence Troops'; formerly: противовоздушная оборона страны, ПВО страны, romanized: protivovozdushnaya oborona strany, PVO strany, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence of the Country') was the air defence branch of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Formed in 1941, it continued being a service branch of the Russian Armed Forces after 1991 until it was merged into the Air Force in 1998. Unlike Western air defence forces, V-PVO was a branch of the military unto itself, separate from the Soviet Air Force (VVS) and Air Defence Troops of Ground Forces. During the Soviet period it was generally ranked third in importance of the Soviet services, behind the Strategic Rocket Forces and the Ground Forces.

Aleksandr Koldunov
Alexander Ivanovich Koldunov (Russian: Александр Иванович Колдунов; 20 September 1923 – 7 June 1992) was one of the highest-scoring flying aces of the Soviet Union during World War II and twice a recipient of the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
North Side main line
The North Side Main Line is a branch of the Chicago "L" system that is used by Red, Purple, and Brown Line trains. As of 2012, it is the network's busiest rail branch, serving an average of 123,229 passengers each weekday. The branch is 10.3 miles (16.6 km) long with a total of 21 stations, from Howard Street in Rogers Park down to Lake Street in Chicago's Loop. The branch serves the north side of the city 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Since 2005, this branch has been renovated several times and is currently being reconstructed. On January 7, 2011, CTA requested a rehabilitation program for the North Side Main Line. This project is part of the Red Ahead program.

Red Ahead
In the spring of 2012, Chicago Transit Authority started a station and track rehabilitation program dubbed "Red Ahead," beginning on the North Side Main Line, which is called the "Red North" project. The program monitors the full route of the Red Line, which does not include the stations of Loyola, Bryn Mawr, Sheridan, or Wilson. Stations between Wilson through Fullerton, and the State Street subway, are also not included. In May 2012, the CTA started to work on the North Side Main Line stations which includes Jarvis, Morse, Granville, Thorndale, Berwyn, Argyle, and Lawrence. This project started in June 2012 and completed in December 2012. This project is also part of the Red Ahead's "Red and Purple Modernization Phase One Project."
Dartmouth Steam Railway
The Dartmouth Steam Railway, formerly known as the Paignton and Dartmouth Steam Railway, is a 6.7-mile (10.8 km) heritage railway on the former Great Western Railway branch line between Paignton and Kingswear in Devon, England. Much of the railway's business is from summer tourists from the resorts of Torbay, who travel to Kingswear, where the Dartmouth Passenger Ferry takes them across the River Dart to Dartmouth.

The line is owned and operated by Dart Valley Railway Limited. This company also owns Dart Pleasure Craft Limited, which operates the Dartmouth Passenger Ferry as well as river and coastal cruises. The railway and connecting boat and bus services are jointly promoted as the Dartmouth Steam Railway and River Boat Company.

Unusually amongst heritage railways, it is a commercial operation which does not rely on volunteer labour or charitable donations, although a few volunteers help at Churston railway station.

Torbay
Torbay /tɔːrˈbeɪ/ is a unitary authority with a borough status in the ceremonial county of Devon, England. It is governed by Torbay Council, based in the town of Torquay, and also includes the towns of Paignton and Brixham. In 2021 it had a population of 139,324. The borough consists of 24.27 sq mi (62.9 km2) of land around the east-facing Tor Bay, part of Lyme Bay on the English Channel.  A popular tourist destination, Torbay's sandy beaches, mild climate and recreational and leisure attractions have given rise to its nickname of the English Riviera. The neighbouring districts are South Hams and Teignbridge.
Island Resort (Hong Kong)
Island Resort (Chinese: 藍灣半島) is a high-rise complex located in the Siu Sai Wan area of Hong Kong (address: 28 Siu Sai Wan Road, Siu Sai Wan, Chai Wan, Hong Kong). Construction of the complex began in 1999, and was completed in 2001. It is also the 71st tallest building in Hong Kong, tied with The Dynasty Tower.

The land on which the Island Resort complex is situated is the most expensive in the city; in 1997, prior to the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong, Sino Land purchased the 2,500,000-square-metre (27,000,000 sq ft) piece of land for US$1,515,384,620 in order to develop the Island Resort complex. The purchase was the last major land sale in Hong Kong that took place while the United Kingdom was still in control, and was also the most expensive land transaction in the city's history.

Siu Sai Wan
Siu Sai Wan (Chinese: 小西灣) is a residential area in the northeastern part of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is located in the eastern part of Chai Wan, and is administratively under the Eastern District. The population was 59,729 in June 2011.
Parthasarathy's theorem
In mathematics – and in particular the study of games on the unit square – Parthasarathy's theorem is a generalization of Von Neumann's minimax theorem.  It states that a particular class of games has a mixed value, provided that at least one of the players has a strategy that is restricted to absolutely continuous distributions with respect to the Lebesgue measure (in other words, one of the players is forbidden to use a pure strategy).

The theorem is attributed to Thiruvenkatachari Parthasarathy.

Minimax theorem
In the mathematical area of game theory and of convex optimization, a minimax theorem is a theorem that claims that

under certain conditions on the sets  and  and on the function . It is always true that the left-hand side is at most the right-hand side (max–min inequality) but equality only holds under certain conditions identified by minimax theorems. The first theorem in this sense is von Neumann's minimax theorem about two-player zero-sum games published in 1928, which is considered the starting point of game theory. Von Neumann is quoted as saying "As far as I can see, there could be no theory of games ... without that theorem ... I thought there was nothing worth publishing until the Minimax Theorem was proved". Since then, several generalizations and alternative versions of von Neumann's original theorem have appeared in the literature.
Geoffrey Beene
Geoffrey Beene (born Samuel Albert Bozeman Jr.; August 30, 1924 – September 28, 2004) was an American fashion designer. Beene was one of New York's most famous fashion designers, recognized for his artistic and technical skills and for creating simple, comfortable and dressy women's wear.

In 2018, the Geoffrey Beene brand was acquired by PVH who previously produced the brand under license.

On June 23, 2021, it was announced that the Geoffrey Beene brand would be sold to Authentic Brands Group alongside Van Heusen, Izod, and Arrow. The sale closed on August 2, 2021, with United Legwear & Apparel Company named as its licensee alongside the Van Heusen and Arrow brands. However, in April 2023 it was announced that Versa Group would be the new licensee for the Geoffrey Beene brand.

Authentic Brands Group
Authentic Brands Group LLC (ABG) is an American brand management company headquartered in New York City. Its holdings include various apparel, athletics, and entertainment brands, which it partners with other companies to license and merchandise. ABG owns more than 50 consumer brands, as well as the likeness rights or estates of celebrities, including Muhammad Ali, Elvis Presley, and Marilyn Monroe.
Paygah-e Roodmahi
Paygah-e Roodmahi (Persian: پایگاه رودماهی) is a village in Nosratabad Rural District, in the Central District of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 7 families.

Nosratabad Rural District (Zahedan County)
Nosratabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان نصرت‌آباد) is in Nosratabad District of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Shahrak-e Hesaruiyeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Nosratabad, now a city.
Pathein Township
Pathein Township is a township of Pathein District in the Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar. The administrative seat of the Township, District and Region is Pathein. The city of Pathein is the largest city in the Region and has historically been an important center of trade, including a deepwater port.

Pathein Township is located in west-central Ayeyarwady Region and in the central part of Pathein District. The Township includes Ngwesaung Subtownship and Shwethaungyan Subtownship, both unofficial divisions used by the Township for statistical and administrative ease. Shwethaungyan subtownship spans the border between Pathein Township and Thabaung Township to its north. To its east, it borders Kangyidaunt Township and to its south it borders Ngapudaw Township. The Bay of Bengal forms the Township's western shore.

Kangyidaunt Township
Kangyidaunt Township (Burmese: ကန်ကြီးတောင့်မြို့နယ်) is a township of the Pathein District in the Ayeyarwady Division of Myanmar. It is located on the eastern edge of Pathein District, bordering the townships of Einme and Myaunmya in Myaungmya District. Within Pathein District, Kangyidaunt Township is bordered by Kyaunggon Township to the northeast, Thabaung Township to the north, Pathein Township to the west, and Ngapudaw Township to the southwest. Kangyidaunt Township consists of 1 town, 7 wards, 73 village tracts and 386 villages. The principal town is Kangyidaunt. It may also be spelled as Kangyidaung.

Kangyidaunt Township has a significant Karen minority at 43.68% of residents in 2019.