hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Home server
A home server is a computing server located in a private computing residence providing services to other devices inside or outside the household through a home network or the Internet. Such services may include file and printer serving, media center serving, home automation control, web serving (on the network or Internet), web caching, file sharing and synchronization, video surveillance and digital video recorder, calendar and contact sharing and synchronization, account authentication, and backup services.

Because of the relatively low number of computers on a typical home network, a home server commonly does not require significant computing power. Home servers can be implemented do-it-yourself style with a re-purposed, older computer, or a plug computer; pre-configured commercial home server appliances are also available. An uninterruptible power supply is sometimes used in case of power outages that can possibly corrupt data.

Plug computer
A plug computer is a small-form-factor computer whose chassis contains the AC power plug, and thus plugs directly into the wall. Alternatively, the computer may resemble an AC adapter or a similarly small device. Plug computers are often configured for use in the home or office as compact computer.
Petr Hořava (physicist)
Petr Hořava (born 1963 in Prostějov) is a Czech string theorist. He is a professor of physics in the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics at the University of California, Berkeley, where he teaches courses on quantum field theory and string theory. Hořava is a member of the theory group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Hořava–Witten theory
In theoretical physics, the Hořava–Witten theory argues that the cancellation of anomalies guarantees that a supersymmetric gauge theory with the E8 gauge group propagates on a type of domain wall. This domain wall, a Hořava–Witten domain wall, behaves as a boundary of the eleven-dimensional spacetime in M-theory. Proposed by Petr Hořava and Edward Witten, the theory is important for various relations between M-theory and superstring theory.
TrawsCymru
TrawsCymru is a network of regional long-distance bus services in Wales. The brand was introduced by the Welsh Government to improve cross-country public transport links and to replace the earlier TrawsCambria network. Services operate on key strategic routes, with the network now managed by Transport for Wales.”

Yutong E10
The Yutong E10, also sold as the longer Yutong E12, is a battery electric single-decker bus manufactured by Yutong in Zhengzhou since 2016 for both Chinese and international bus operators.

The Yutong E10 debuted in China in 2016, transporting delegates to meetings of the National People's Congress in Beijing.
Sandra Zakoske
Sandra 'Sandi' Zakoske is a former Hong Kong international lawn and indoor bowler.

Zakoske won a silver medal in the triples at the 1985 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Melbourne with Rae O'Donnell and Helen Wong. She also won a triples medal at the 1988 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Auckland after securing a bronze medal with O'Donnell and Naty Rozario.

She was national champion in 1977.

Naty Rozario
Natividad 'Naty' Rozario is a former Hong Kong international lawn bowler.

Rozario won a bronze medal in the triples at the 1988 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Auckland with Rae O'Donnell and Sandra Zakoske.

She also won a bronze medal in the fours at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland with Jenny Wallis, Angela Chau and Yee Lai Lee.
Andy Laws
Andrew Robert Laws (born 21 September 1991) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Laws was born at Reigate in September 1991. He was educated at The Leys School, before going up to Leeds Metropolitan University. While studying at Leeds Metropolitan, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Leeds/Bradford MCCU against Yorkshire and Somerset in 2014. In addition to playing first-class cricket, he also played minor counties cricket for Cambridgeshire in from 2009 to 2018, making three appearances in the Minor Counties Championship and five appearances in the MCCA Knockout Trophy.

The Leys School
The Leys School is a co-educational private school in Cambridge, England. It is a boarding and day school for about 565 pupils between the ages of eleven and eighteen. The head is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
Poème électronique
Poème électronique (English translation: "Electronic Poem") is an eight-minute piece of electronic music by composer Edgard Varèse, written for the Philips Pavilion at the 1958 Brussels World's Fair. The Philips corporation commissioned Le Corbusier to design the pavilion, which was intended as a showcase of their engineering progress. Le Corbusier came up with the title Poème électronique, saying he wanted to create a "poem in a bottle". Varèse composed the piece with the intention of creating a liberation between sounds and as a result uses noises not usually considered "musical" throughout the piece.

Expo 58
Expo 58, also known as the 1958 Brussels World's Fair (French: Exposition universelle et internationale de Bruxelles; Dutch: Wereldtentoonstelling van Brussel), was a world's fair held on the Heysel/Heizel Plateau in Brussels, Belgium, from 17 April to 19 October 1958. It was the first major world's fair registered under the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) after World War II and the fifth in Brussels overall.

Expo 58 left a deep impression on Belgium. It was also the pretext for major upheavals and works in Brussels, whose boulevards were transformed into urban motorways. The Atomium, built for the occasion, has become one of the city's must-see landmarks.
Svedberg (crater)
Svedberg is a lunar impact crater located on the lunar near side near the southern pole. The crater is located Northeast of Scott crater, adjacent to von Baeyer crater, and South of the prominent crater Demonax. The crater was adopted and named after Swedish chemist Theodor Svedberg by the IAU in 2009.

Von Baeyer (crater)
von Baeyer is a lunar impact crater located on the lunar near side near the southern pole. The crater is located directly adjacent to Svedberg crater and Northeast and South of prominent craters Scott and Demonax, respectively. Baeyer was adopted and named after German chemist Adolf von Baeyer by the IAU in 2009.
Steiner Studios
Steiner Studios is a film studio at Brooklyn Navy Yard in Brooklyn, New York City. It is the largest film and television production studio complex in the United States outside Hollywood. Steiner Studios, spread across 50 acres (20 ha), contains 30 soundstages as well as additional support space.

Steiner Studios was founded in 1999, and the first soundstages at the site opened in November 2004. In 2012, Steiner Studios reached an agreement with the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation to convert its 20-acre Naval Annex Historic Campus into a media and technology hub; the expansion is projected to be completed in the mid-2020s. In 2020, Steiner Studios announced a new $550 million, 900,000 square-foot project in Sunset Park, Brooklyn.

Most recently, Inventing Anna, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, West Side Story, Tick, Tick...Boom!, and And Just Like That… have been filmed at Steiner Studios.

Gotham Awards
The Gotham Awards are American film awards presented annually at a ceremony in New York City.

The awards are a program of the Gotham Film & Media Institute (formerly the Independent Filmmaker Project or IFP), the United States' largest membership organization dedicated to independent film, founded in 1979. First presented in 1991, the awards were originally created to showcase and honor films made primarily in the Northeastern United States.
2018 Taini Jamison Trophy Series
The 2018 Taini Jamison Trophy Series was the tenth Taini Jamison Trophy series. New Zealand hosted Fiji, Jamaica and Malawi in a full tournament, played in March 2018, at the North Shore Events Centre. It was effectively a warm-up tournament, ahead of the 2018 Commonwealth Games. The series was broadcast live on Sky Sport in New Zealand and on Kwesé Sports in Sub-Saharan Africa. It was also streamed live via  Facebook. With a team featuring Jhaniele Fowler Reid, Romelda Aiken and Shamera Sterling, Jamaica won their first Taini Jamison Trophy. During the tournament, they twice defeated New Zealand, once in the preliminary rounds and again in the final. Despite winning the series, Netball New Zealand refused to allow Jamaica to take the actual trophy home, stating that "for insurance purposes... we can't really have it go offshore".

Taini Jamison Trophy
The Taini Jamison Trophy series is an international netball series hosted by Netball New Zealand. The series traditionally features New Zealand playing a series of test matches against a visiting national team. The trophy is named in honour of Taini Jamison, the former New Zealand head coach. New Zealand won the inaugural 2008 series. A World 7, Jamaica and England have also been series winners. Other participants have included South Africa, Malawi, Fiji and Samoa. As New Zealand and Australia compete for the Constellation Cup, Australia does not compete for the Taini Jamison Trophy.
Astronomical clock
An astronomical clock, horologium, or orloj is a clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information, such as the relative positions of the Sun, Moon, zodiacal constellations, and major planets.

Torre dell'Orologio, Mantua
The Torre dell'Orologio is a 15th-century renaissance tower on the Piazza delle Erbe in Mantua, Italy. It is attached to the Palazzo della Ragione, and next to the Rotonda di San Lorenzo. It houses an astronomical clock.
Private prison
A private prison, or for-profit prison, is a place where people are imprisoned by a third party that is contracted by a government agency. Private prison companies typically enter into contractual agreements with governments that commit prisoners and then pay a per diem or monthly rate, either for each prisoner in the facility, or for each place available, whether occupied or not. Such contracts may be for the operation only of a facility, or for design, construction and operation.

Management and Training Corporation
Management & Training Corporation or MTC is a contractor that manages private prisons and United States Job Corps centers, based in Centerville, Utah. MTC's core businesses are corrections, education and training, MTC medical, and economic & social development. MTC operates 21 correctional facilities in eight states. MTC also operates or partners in operating 22 of the 119 Job Corps centers across the country. They also operate in Great Britain, under the name MTCNovo.
Swire Properties
Swire Properties Limited (Chinese: 太古地產) is a property developer, owner and operator of mixed-use, principally commercial properties in Hong Kong and mainland China. Founded and headquartered in Hong Kong in 1972, Swire Properties is a property developer in Hong Kong, and is listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. Including subsidiaries, it employs around 4,500 people. The company is, in turn, a subsidiary of the publicly listed Swire Pacific Limited (part of Swire Group).

INDIGO, Beijing
INDIGO, Beijing (Chinese: 颐堤港), is a mixed use development in the Jiang Tai neighbourhood of Chaoyang District in Beijing, China. It comprises a large indoor shopping mall, a 23-storey office tower called One INDIGO, as well as a 369-room business and lifestyle hotel EAST, Beijing (北京东隅) run by Swire Hotels.
Chirostylus
Chirostylus is a genus of squat lobsters in the family Chirostylidae, containing the following species:

Chirostylus dolichopus  Ortmann, 1892

Chirostylus micheleae  Tirmizi & Khan, 1979

Chirostylus novaecaledoniae  Baba, 1991

Chirostylus ortmanni  Miyake & Baba, 1968

Chirostylus rostratus  Osawa & Nishikiori, 1998

Chirostylus sandyi  Baba, 2009

Chirostylus stellaris  Osawa, 2007

Squat lobster
Squat lobsters are dorsoventrally flattened crustaceans with long tails held curled beneath the cephalothorax. They are found in the two superfamilies Galatheoidea and Chirostyloidea, which form part of the decapod infraorder Anomura, alongside groups including the hermit crabs and mole crabs. They are distributed worldwide in the oceans, and occur from near the surface to deep sea hydrothermal vents, with one species occupying caves above sea level. More than 900 species have been described, in around 60 genera. If one considers the members of the family Aeglidae as squat lobsters, then those numbers rise to more than 1000 species in 61 genera, and they occur at an altitude up to 3600 meters above sea level. Some species form dense aggregations, either on the sea floor or in the water column, and a small number are commercially fished.
Nikola Kovačević (volleyball)
Nikola Kovačević (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Ковачевић, born 14 February 1983) is a Serbian volleyball player, a member of Serbia men's national volleyball team and French club Saint Nazaire VB, bronze medalist of the World Championship 2010, European Champion 2011, bronze medalist of the European Championship in 2007 and 2013, multimedalist of the World League.

Shanghai Men's Volleyball Club
Shanghai Men's Volleyball Club, now known as Shanghai Bright (Chinese: 上海光明男排), is a Chinese men's volleyball club based in Shanghai. The Shanghai men's volleyball team plays in the Chinese Men's League and the AVC Club Volleyball Championship.

The team won 18 Chinese League champion titles. The team with the name and different extensions have been presented as Shanghai Tang Dynasty, Fudan University Shanghai, Shanghai Golden Age and now Shanghai Bright.

The team participated in FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship for the first time in 2017.
Wadō (era)
Wadō (和銅) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō; "year name") after Keiun and before Reiki.  This period spanned the end of the Asuka period and the beginning of the Nara period: January 708 through September 715. The reigning monarch was Empress Genmei (元明天皇, Genmei-tennō).

Wadō Archaeological Site
Wadō Archaeological Site (和銅遺跡 (Wadō Iseki)) refers to the preserved remains of Japan’s earliest known copper mine, located in Chichibu, Saitama Prefecture. The site is famous for the 708 CE discovery of native copper, which prompted the issuance of Japan’s first official coin, the Wadōkaichin (和同開珎), and the start of the Wadō era.
2005 WhatsOnStage Awards
The WhatsOnStage Awards, founded in 2001 as the Theatregoers' Choice Awards, are a fan-driven set of awards organised by the theatre website WhatsOnStage.com, based on a popular vote recognising performers and productions of English theatre, with an emphasis on London's West End theatre.

The results of the 2005 Whatsonstage Awards were:

WhatsOnStage Awards
The WhatsOnStage Awards (WOS Awards), formerly known as the Theatregoers' Choice Awards, are organised by the theatre website WhatsOnStage.com. The awards celebrate outstanding achievements in UK theatre, with categories covering both regional productions and shows in London's West End.

Distinctive among major theatre honours in the UK, the WhatsOnStage Awards are decided entirely by public vote. Theatre audiences nominate and select the winners, making the awards a reflection of popular opinion rather than industry panels or critics.

The ceremony is typically held each year in February or March. From 2012 to 2023, it took place at the Prince of Wales Theatre. Since 2024, the event has been hosted at The London Palladium, owned and run by Andrew Lloyd Webber.

The awards are currently produced by Alex Wood and Darius Thompson (for WhatsOnStage) with co-producers Alex Parker and Damian Sandys.
Dither
Dither or dithering is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error, preventing large-scale patterns such as color banding in images. Dither is routinely used in processing of both digital audio and video data, and is often one of the last stages of mastering audio to a CD.

A common use of dither is converting a grayscale image to black and white, so that the density of black dots in the new image approximates the average gray level in the original.

Error diffusion
Error diffusion is a type of halftoning in which the quantization residual is distributed to neighboring pixels that have not yet been processed. Its main use is to convert a multi-level image into a binary image, though it has other applications.

Unlike many other halftoning methods, error diffusion is classified as an area operation, because what the algorithm does at one location influences what happens at other locations. This means buffering is required, and complicates parallel processing. Point operations, such as ordered dither, do not have these complications.

Error diffusion has the tendency to enhance edges in an image. This can make text in images more readable than in other halftoning techniques.
Cynthia Plaster Caster
Cynthia Dorothy Albritton (May 24, 1947 – April 21, 2022), better known by the pseudonym Cynthia Plaster Caster, was an American visual artist and self-described "recovering groupie" who gained fame for creating plaster casts of celebrities' erect penises. Albritton began her career in 1968 by casting penises of rock musicians. She later expanded her subjects to include filmmakers and other types of artists, eventually amassing a collection of over 70 plaster penises. In 2000, she began casting female artists' breasts.

Groupie
A groupie is a fan of a particular musical group who follows the band around while they are on tour or who attends as many of their public appearances as possible, with the hope of meeting them. The term is used mostly describing young women, and sometimes men, who follow these individuals aiming to gain fame of their own, or help with behind-the-scenes work, or to initiate a relationship of some kind, intimate or otherwise. The term is also used to describe similarly enthusiastic fans of athletes, writers, and other public figures.
Layer Jump Recording
Layer Jump Recording (LJR) is a writing method used for DVD-R DL (Dual Layer). LJR alternates between recording layers during the writing process, as compared with filling one layer before writing to another layer.

DVD-R DL
DVD-R DL (DL stands for Dual Layer), also called DVD-R9, is a derivative of the DVD-R format standard.  DVD-R DL discs hold 8.5 gigabyte (GB) by utilizing two recordable dye layers, each capable of storing a little less than the 4.7 GB of a single layer disc, almost doubling the total disc capacity. Discs can be read in many DVD devices (older units are less compatible) and can only be written using DVD-R DL compatible recorders.  It is part of optical disc recording technologies for digital recording to optical disc.

DVD-R DL products started appearing on the market during mid-2004.
Dover, Arkansas
Dover is a town in Pope County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,337 at the 2020 census. Dover is located in the Arkansas River Valley, and is part of the Russellville Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Russellville micropolitan area, Arkansas
The Russellville Micropolitan  Statistical Area (μSA), as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in the U.S. state of Arkansas, anchored by the city of Russellville.

As of the 2010 census, the μSA had a population of 83,939.
Chiba 12th district
Chiba 12th district (千葉県第12区, Chiba-ken dai-ju-niku  or simply 千葉12区, Chiba-ju-niku) is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan located in Chiba Prefecture.

Tateyama, Chiba
Tateyama (館山市, Tateyama-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 November 2020, the city had an estimated population of  44,865 in 20,558 households and a population density of 410 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 110.05 square kilometres (42.49 sq mi).
Animal suicide
Animal suicide is when an animal intentionally ends its own life through its actions. It implies a wide range of higher cognitive capacities that experts have been wary to ascribe to nonhuman animals such as a concept of self, death, and future intention. There is currently not enough empirical data on the subject for there to be a consensus among experts. For these reasons, the occurrence of animal suicide is controversial among academics.

While it has not been proven that non-human animals do, or even can, die by suicide, many animals behave in ways that may seem suicidal. There are anecdotes of animals refusing to eat in periods of grief or stress. Some social insects have been known to defend their colony by sacrificing themselves. Other animals are victims of parasites that are known to alter the behavior of their host to complete their lifecycle, which results in the host's death.

Lemming
A lemming is a small rodent, usually found in or near the Arctic in tundra biomes. Lemmings form the subfamily Arvicolinae (also known as Microtinae) together with voles and muskrats, which form part of the superfamily Muroidea, which also includes rats, mice, hamsters and gerbils. A longstanding myth claims that they exhibit herd mentality and jump off cliffs, committing mass suicide.
Uranocene
Uranocene, U(C8H8)2, is an organouranium compound composed of a uranium atom sandwiched between two cyclooctatetraenide rings. It was one of the first organoactinide compounds to be synthesized. It is a green air-sensitive solid that dissolves in organic solvents. Uranocene, a member of the "actinocenes," a group of metallocenes incorporating elements from the actinide series. It is the most studied bis[8]annulene-metal system, although it has no known practical applications.

Organouranium chemistry
Organouranium chemistry is the science exploring the properties, structure, and reactivity of organouranium compounds, which are organometallic compounds containing a carbon to uranium chemical bond. The field is of some importance to the nuclear industry and of theoretical interest in organometallic chemistry.
Bayburt Özel İdarespor
Bayburt Özel İdarespor is a Turkish professional football club based in Bayburt. The team currently competes in the TFF Second League after being promoted following the 2018–19 season. The club was promoted to the TFF Third League after 2013–14 season.

Bayburt
Bayburt is a city in northeast Turkey lying on the Çoruh River. It is the seat of Bayburt Province and Bayburt District. Its population is 48,036 (2021).

Bayburt was once an important center on the ancient Silk Road. It was visited by Marco Polo in the 13th century, and also by Evliya Çelebi in the 16th century. Remains of its medieval castle still exist. There are several historical mosques, Turkish baths, and tombs in the city. There are also ancient historical sites such as the Çatalçeşme Underground Complex and natural wonders like the Sirakayalar Waterfall in the other parts of the province.