hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tyler Bray
Tyler Ian Bray (born December 27, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for the Tennessee Volunteers, he declared himself eligible for the 2013 NFL draft, in which he went undrafted. He spent five seasons with the Kansas City Chiefs before joining the Chicago Bears.

Justin Hunter
Justin Scott Parker Hunter (born May 20, 1991) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers. Hunter was selected by the Tennessee Titans in the second round of the 2013 NFL draft.

Hunter spent three seasons with the Titans before being released prior to the 2016 season. During the 2016 regular season, Hunter played in one game with the Miami Dolphins before spending most of the season with the Buffalo Bills. He then spent the next two seasons with the Pittsburgh Steelers.

Hunter is a world-class long jumper, and represented the United States at the 2010 IAAF World Junior Championships.
Surprise (emotion)
Surprise (sə(r)ˈprīzⓘ) is a rapid, fleeting mental and physiological state. It is related to the startle response experienced by animals and humans as the result of an unexpected event.

Surprise can have any valence. That is, it can be pleasant/positive, unpleasant/negative, or neutral/moderate. Surprise can occur in varying levels of intensity ranging from very surprised, which may induce the fight-or-flight response, or slightly surprised, which elicits a less intense response to the stimulus.

Surprise is included as a primary or basic emotion in the taxonomies of Carroll Izard and Paul Ekman. According to these perspectives, surprise is evolutionarily adaptive, and also innate and universal across human cultures.

Valence (psychology)
Valence, also known as hedonic tone, is a characteristic of emotions that determines their emotional affect (intrinsic appeal or repulsion).

Positive valence corresponds to the "goodness" or attractiveness of an object, event, or situation, making it appealing or desirable. Conversely, negative valence relates to "badness" or averseness, rendering something unappealing or undesirable.

This concept is not only used to describe the intrinsic qualities of objects and events but also categorizes emotions based on their inherent attractiveness or averseness.
Liquid ordered phase
Regarding biological membranes, the liquid ordered phase is a liquid crystalline phase of a lipid bilayer, and is of significant biological importance. It occurs in many lipid mixtures combining cholesterol with a phospholipid and/or sphingolipids e.g. sphingomyelin. This phase has been related to lipid rafts that may exist in plasma membranes.

Lipid raft
The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids, cholesterol and protein receptors organized in glycolipoprotein lipid microdomains termed lipid rafts. Their existence in cellular membranes remains somewhat controversial. It has been proposed that they are specialized membrane microdomains which compartmentalize cellular processes by serving as organising centers for the assembly of signaling molecules, allowing a closer interaction of protein receptors and their effectors to promote kinetically favorable interactions necessary for the signal transduction. Lipid rafts influence membrane fluidity and membrane protein trafficking, thereby regulating neurotransmission and receptor trafficking. Lipid rafts are more ordered and tightly packed than the surrounding bilayer, but float freely within the membrane bilayer. Although more common in the cell membrane, lipid rafts have also been reported in other parts of the cell, such as the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes.
Fan-bearer on the Right Side of the King
The Fan-bearer on the Right Side of the King – sometimes also translated as Fanbearer on the King's Right Hand – was an office or title given to ancient Egyptian courtiers.

The title implies a very close personal or official relationship with the pharaoh. During the times of Amenhotep II and Tuthmosis IV the title was held by officials like the viceroy of Kush, the chief steward of the king, and several tutors, such as Sennedjem under Tutankhamun. Scenes depicting the fan-bearers show them holding a long fan with a single feather. Other important title holders include Maiherpri, who was buried in the Valley of the Kings.

Sennedjem (18th Dynasty)
Sennedjem was a high ancient Egyptian official living under King Tutankhamun at the end of the 18th Dynasty. Sennedjem was overseer of tutors but also bore several other titles, such as the father of the god, beloved of the god, and fan-bearer on the right side of the king. Sennedjem is so far only known from his decorated tomb at Akhmim. Today, The tomb is heavily destroyed, and much of the decoration is lost. It was never finished, and it is uncertain whether Sennedjem was ever buried here.

Several times, the name of King Tutankhamun appears in the tomb, proving that it was constructed under this king. In the tomb decoration also appears the overseer of nurses, Senqed. The tomb was built for two officials. It seems that the name of Sennedjem was deliberately erased from the tomb decoration. Sennedjem fell out of favour, and his memory was deleted. It is uncertain whether that happened under Tutankhamun or later.
John Strachan (bishop of Rangoon)
Christianity portal

John Miller Strachan (1832–1906) was the second Bishop of Rangoon.

He was born in Barnsley and educated at King's College London. He was ordained in 1861 and was a SPG in India until his episcopal appointment. He served as a medical missionary in Madras, India for 19 years.

He was consecrated on 1 May 1882. and served until 1902 when he resigned his see. He became a Doctor of Divinity (DD).  He died 3 May 1906 in Farnham, Surrey, aged 74.

Diocese of Yangon
The Diocese of Yangon (formerly Rangoon) is the Church of the Province of Myanmar (Anglican) jurisdiction in and around the old capital Yangon, and under the care of the Bishop of Yangon and Archbishop of Myanmar. The diocese (then called Rangoon) was in the Church of England province of Calcutta from 1877 to 1930, then the Church of India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon until 1970. Beforehand, British Burma, had come under the guidance of the Bishop of Calcutta, Metropolitan of India. In 1966, the last non-Burmese bishop was evicted by the Burmese authorities and in 1970 the Diocese of Rangoon became the Church of the Province of Burma, and the bishop was elevated to Archbishop in that church.
Nabalus asper
Nabalus asper (formerly Prenanthes aspera), commonly called the rough rattlesnakeroot or rough white lettuce, is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae occurring in the eastern United States from South Dakota and Pennsylvania south to Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Alabama. This perennial plant blooms in late summer and autumn. In 2010, it was reclassified from the genus Prenanthes to Nabalus.

Nabalus
Nabalus is a genus of Asian and North American flowering plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Nabalus is now considered the correct name for a group of plants in North America that were formerly considered to be members of Prenanthes, and were included in that genus in the Flora of North America treatment.  Common names for the genus include "rattlesnake root" and "white lettuce." The latter reflects its close relationship to lettuce (Lactuca sativa) but having flowers that are whitish or purplish-white in some species.  Many (perhaps all) of the species are monocarpic perennials, in which an individual plant may live for multiple years in a vegetative condition but then will die after flowering and fruiting.
Bethnal Green and Bow
Bethnal Green and Bow was a constituency in Greater London, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2010 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Rushanara Ali of the Labour Party.

Under the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency was incorporated into the re-established seat of Bethnal Green and Stepney, with Bow being included in the newly created constituency of Stratford and Bow.

Bow, London
Bow (/ˈboʊ/) is a district in East London, England and is in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is an inner-city suburb located  4.6 miles (7.4 km) east of Charing Cross.

Historically in Middlesex, it became part of the County of London in 1888. "Bow" is an abbreviation of the medieval name Stratford-at-Bow, in which "Bow" refers to the bow-shaped bridge built here in the early 12th century. Bow contains parts of both Victoria Park and the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Old Ford and Fish Island are localities within Bow, but Bromley-by-Bow immediately to the south is a separate district. These distinctions have their roots in historic parish boundaries.

Bow underwent extensive urban regeneration including the replacement or improvement of council homes, with the impetus given by the staging of the 2012 Olympic Games at nearby Stratford.
Dell Diamond
Dell Diamond is the home stadium of the Round Rock Express, the Triple-A Minor League Baseball affiliate of the Texas Rangers major league baseball team. On April 16, 2000, the then-Double-A affiliate Express played their first home game at the stadium.

Dell Diamond is built on 85 acres (344,000 m2) of former farmland on the east side of Round Rock, Texas, a rapidly growing suburban city northeast of Austin. Nolan Ryan and his son Reid Ryan, part owners of the Express, originally wanted a stadium inside the city of Austin, but found a more attractive site in the City of Round Rock, with support from the city leadership.  The city of Round Rock contributed $7.35 million to the $25 million cost of the facility. The city owns the ballpark and gave the Express a 38-year lease. Local-based computer technology company Dell contracted for naming rights in a deal that will cost the company $2.5 million over 15 years.

Round Rock, Texas
Round Rock is a city in Williamson and Travis counties in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 119,468 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Greater Austin metropolitan area.

The city straddles the Balcones Escarpment, a fault line in which the areas roughly east of I-35 are flat and characterized by having black, fertile soils of the Blackland Prairie, and the west side of the Escarpment, which consists mostly of hilly, karst-like terrain with little topsoil and higher elevations and which is part of the Texas Hill Country. Located about 20 miles (32 km) north of Austin, Round Rock shares a common border with Austin near State Highway 45.

Round Rock is the international headquarters of Dell, which employs about 16,000 people at its Round Rock facilities. Retailers in Round Rock include IKEA, Premium Outlets, and the mixed-use La Frontera center.
Jingellic
Jingellic /dʒɪnˈdʒɛlɪk/ is a small town that straddles the boundaries of the Greater Hume Shire and Snowy Valleys Council local government areas in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. The town is located near a crossing on the upper Murray River.

Across the river on the Victorian side are the nearby towns of Walwa and Tintaldra. The Bridge Hotel at Jingellic is well known in the district. Below the hotel is a camping ground on the banks of the river.

Walwa, Victoria
Walwa (/ˈwɒlwə/; Aboriginal for "a place of waters"), is a town in the Shire of Towong in north east Victoria, Australia. The town is located 1 kilometre from the Murray River on the former Murray Valley highway between Wodonga and Corryong.  At the 2021 census, the Walwa population was 191.

Across the river on the New South Wales side are the nearby towns of Jingellic and Tumbarumba.
Ryanodine receptor
Ryanodine receptors (RyR) make up a class of high-conductance, intracellular calcium channels present in various forms, such as animal muscles and neurons. There are three major isoforms of the ryanodine receptor, which are found in different tissues and participate in various signaling pathways involving calcium release from intracellular organelles.

Cav1.1
Cav1.1 also known as the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1S subunit, (CACNA1S), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CACNA1S gene. It is also known as CACNL1A3 and the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR, so named due to the blocking action DHP has on it).
FC Chornomorets Odesa
FC Chornomorets Odesa (Ukrainian: Футбо́льний Клуб Чорномо́рець Оде́са [tʃornoˈmɔretsʲ oˈdɛsɐ]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Odesa, Ukraine.

According to the club's website, it was formed in 1936 as Dynamo, but until 2002 it carried a logo with 1958 and 1959 listed as the club's years of foundation on its shield, which is when the club received its current name. The club's shield is very similar to the shield of Romanian FC Farul Constanța.

Chornomorets is the first club in the modern history of Ukraine to win the Ukrainian Cup (1992), and also repeated this success in the 1993–94 season.

For over 30 years, the club was sponsored by the Black Sea Shipping Company (1959–1991). The club was among top 20 Soviet clubs that competed in Soviet Top League. The club's home ground is Chornomorets Stadium and has been opened in 2011.

1993–94 Ukrainian Cup
The 1993–94 Ukrainian Cup was the third annual edition of Ukraine's football knockout competition, known as the Ukrainian Cup.

The Cup started with the round of 32, but it also had couple of preliminaries. The tournament started on August 1, 1993, with numerous games across the country and concluded with its final game on May 29, 1994. The last season defending champion FC Dynamo Kyiv was eliminated in the Round of 16 by FC Veres Rivne on the away goal rule. This season cup holders became FC Chornomorets Odesa that in the final defeated the Crimean SC Tavriya Simferopol on the penalty shootout.

Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih served its suspension for refusing to play last season and was not included in competition for the season.
Canonization
Canonization is the declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognized saint, specifically, the official act of a Christian communion declaring a person worthy of public veneration and entering their name in the canon catalogue of saints, or authorized list of that communion's recognized saints.

Lists of saints
In various religions, a saint is a revered person who has achieved an eminent status of holiness, known as sainthood. The word saint comes from the Latin word sanctus, meaning 'holy', and although saint has been applied in other religious contexts, the word has its origins in Christianity. In Christianity, some religious authorities require that a person undergo a formal process of canonization to be recognized as a saint, such as the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. These churches also hold that a saint may intercede on behalf of the living who invoke them in prayer, a belief which is rejected by Protestants. Outside Christianity, the word saint has been extended to include revered figures in Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Greek polytheism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shinto, and Zoroastrianism.
National Air Transport
National Air Transport was a large United States airline; in 1930 it was bought by Boeing. The Air Mail Act of 1934 prohibited airlines and manufacturers from being under the same corporate umbrella, so Boeing split into three smaller companies, one of which is United Airlines, which included what had been National Air Transport.

Douglas mailplanes
The Douglas mailplanes are a family of 1920s American single-seat mail planes designed and built by the Douglas Aircraft Company. The aircraft were used to run the  main routes of the United States Air Mail service until the introduction of three-engined aircraft in 1928.
Chernigov Governorate
Chernigov Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire. It was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Little Russia Governorate and had its capital in Chernigov.

Its borders encompassed the modern Chernihiv Oblast, but also included a large section of Sumy Oblast and smaller sections of the Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine, in addition to a large part of Bryansk Oblast of Russia.

From 1918 to 1925, it was referred to as Chernihiv Governorate as part of Ukrainian successor states of the Russian Empire during and after the civil war, namely of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the Ukrainian State and the Ukrainian SSR.

Governorate (Russia)
A governorate (Russian: губе́рния, romanized: gubérniya, pre-1918 spelling: губе́рнія, IPA: [ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə] ⓘ) was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire. After the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, governorates remained as subdivisions in the Byelorussian, Russian and Ukrainian Soviet republics, and in the Soviet Union from its formation in 1922 until 1929. The term is also translated as government or province. A governorate was headed by a governor (губернатор, gubernator), a word borrowed from Latin gubernator, in turn from Greek kyvernítis (Greek: κυβερνήτης).

Selected governorates were united under an assigned governor-general such as the Grand Duchy of Finland, Congress Poland, Russian Turkestan and others. There were also military governors such as Kronstadt, Vladivostok and others. Aside from governorates, other types of divisions were oblasts (region) and okrugs (district).
Kōtetsu Sangokushi
Kōtetsu Sangokushi (鋼鉄三国志) is a 2007 Japanese anime loosely based on the 14th century Chinese historical fiction novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It was produced by NAS and Konami Digital Entertainment.

Mamoru Miyano
Mamoru Miyano (宮野 真守, Miyano Mamoru; born June 8, 1983) is a Japanese actor and singer. He is best known for his roles in Death Note, Steins;Gate, Mobile Suit Gundam 00, Durarara!!, Soul Eater, Wolf's Rain, Ouran High School Host Club, Ajin: Demi-Human, Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood, Free!, Hunter x Hunter, Chihayafuru, Bungo Stray Dogs, Persona 5, Zombieland Saga, Fire Force, and Pluto. Nominated for the "Best Lead Actor Award" at the 1st Seiyu Awards in 2007 for his role as Light Yagami in Death Note, at the 2nd Seiyu Awards in 2008, he won the award for his role as Setsuna F. Seiei in Mobile Suit Gundam 00 and Hakugen Rikuson in Kōtetsu Sangokushi. That same year, he won the "Best Voice Actor" award at the 2008 Tokyo International Anime Fair. His debut single, "Kuon" (久遠; lit. Eternity), was released under King Records in 2007. In March 2009, his debut album, Break, was released.
Galapagos crake
The Galapagos crake (Laterallus spilonota), also called the Galapagos rail and Darwin's rail, is a vulnerable species of rail in subfamily Rallinae of family Rallidae, the rails, gallinules, and coots. It is endemic to the Galápagos Islands. It resembles its sister species, the black rail of the Americas, from which it diverged 1.2 million years ago.

Black rail
The black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis) is a mouse-sized member of the rail family Rallidae that occurs in both North and South America. It is the smallest rail present in North America and is known for its secretive nature.
Trabecular meshwork
The trabecular meshwork is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea).

The tissue is spongy and lined by trabeculocytes; it allows fluid to drain into a set of tubes called Schlemm's canal which is lined by endothelium with blood and lymphatic properties that allow aqueous humor to flow into the blood system.

Schlemm's canal
Schlemm's canal, also known as the canal of Schlemm, and as the scleral venous sinus, is a circular lymphatic-like vessel in the eye. It collects aqueous humor from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the episcleral blood vessels. Canaloplasty may be used to widen it.
Tarryall, Colorado (ghost town)
Tarryall is a ghost town in northwest Park County, Colorado, United States. It is on upper Tarryall Creek northwest of Como, Colorado. It was once the county seat of Park County, but is now completely deserted.

Tarryall Creek
Tarryall Creek is a tributary of the South Platte River, approximately 68.5 miles (110.2 km) long, in Park County in central Colorado in the United States. It drains a rural portion of north and central South Park, an intermontane grassland in the Rocky Mountains southwest of Denver. It rises in the high Rockies in several forks along the Continental Divide in the Pike National Forest southwest of Boreas Pass. It descends to the southwest through a short canyon, emerging into South Park near Como, Colorado. It crosses U.S. Highway 285 east of Red Hill Pass northeast of Fairplay, the county seat of Park County, then meanders towards the southeast, joining the South Platte from the east in the southeastern corner of South Park.
Cretotortor
Cretotortor is an extinct genus of fossil beetles in the family Gyrinidae, containing the following species:

Cretotortor archarensis Ponomarenko, 1977 Darmakan Formation, Russia, Paleocene (Danian)

Cretotortor zherichini Ponomarenko, 1973 Kzyl-Zhar, Kazakhstan, Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

Whirligig beetle
The whirligig beetles are water beetles, comprising the family Gyrinidae, that usually swim on the surface of the water if undisturbed, though they swim underwater when threatened. They get their common name from their habit of swimming rapidly in circles when alarmed, and are also notable for their divided eyes which are believed to enable them to see both above and below water. The family includes some 700 extant species worldwide, in 15 genera, plus a few fossil species. Most species are very similar in general appearance, though they vary in size from perhaps 3 mm to 18 mm in length. They tend to be flattened and rounded in cross section, in plain view as seen from above, and in longitudinal section. In fact their shape is a good first approximation to an ellipsoid, with legs and other appendages fitting closely into a streamlined surface. Whirligig beetles belong to the beetle suborder Adephaga, which also includes ground beetles and diving beetles.
Piotr Szczypa
Piotr Jan Szczypa, now known as Peter Szczypa (born 19 April 1948) is a former pair skater who competed for Poland with Janina Poremska and Teresa Skrzek. He is currently the national ladies' figure skating coach of Germany.

Janina Poremska
Janina Danuta Poremska (née Nowakowska; born 13 May 1948) is a former Polish pair skater. With skating partner Piotr Szczypa, she is a six-time Polish national champion, and competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
XDR DRAM
XDR DRAM (extreme data rate dynamic random-access memory) is a high-performance dynamic random-access memory interface. It is based on and succeeds RDRAM. Competing technologies include DDR2 and GDDR4.

GDDR4 SDRAM
Graphics Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (GDDR4 SDRAM) is a type of graphics card memory (SGRAM) specified by the JEDEC Semiconductor Memory Standard. It is a rival medium to Rambus's XDR DRAM. GDDR4 is based on DDR3 SDRAM technology and was intended to replace the DDR2-based GDDR3, but it ended up being replaced by GDDR5 (also based on DDR3) within a year.