hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rudolf Mössbauer
Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer (German: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈmœsˌbaʊ̯ɐ] ⓘ; 31 January 1929 – 14 September 2011) was a German physicist who shared the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics with Robert Hofstadter for his discovery of the Mössbauer effect, which is the basis for Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Bou Hanifia
Bou Hanifia is a town and commune located at 35° 18′ 58″ North 0° 02′ 54″ East in Mascara Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 16,953. and a density of 77 hab./km2

The ruins of the Roman Era city of Aqua Sirenses still litter the area. The ancient city is under threat from agriculture. In 1930 a hydroelectric dam was constructed 4500 meters from the village. This is rockfill dam wall is 460m in height.

Mascara Province
Mascara (Arabic: معسكر Muʿaskar, Berber languages: ⵎⵄⴻⵙⴽⴻⵔ Mɛesker) is a province (wilaya) in Algeria, named after its capital, whose name is Arabic for "military garrison". It is uncertain whether the place's name is related to "mascara", the cosmetic. Another important locality is the town of Sig.
26th Artillery Brigade (Ukraine)
The 26th Artillery Brigade named after Roman Dachkevitch is an artillery formation of the Ukrainian Ground Forces, based in Berdychiv. It traces its history to the 117th Guards Rifle Division of the Second World War.

After the war, and several redesignations, the 117th Guards Rifle Division became the 117th Guards Tank Training Division. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the 117th Guards Tank Training Division was succeeded by the 62nd Mechanized Brigade, which, in turn, was created 26th Artillery Brigade (based on the Directive of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine from 18.06.2004 № 312/1/014).

In May 2019 the brigade was given the honorary name of "Corporal General Roman Dachkevitch" in a decree of President Petro Poroshenko.

The brigade is operating Panzerhaubitze 2000 self-propelled howitzers gifted by Germany and the Netherlands during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, artillery used in the Battle of Bakhmut.

Roman Dachkevitch
Roman-Mykola Dashkevych (Ukrainian: Роман-Микола Дашкевич, 6 December 1892 – 11 January 1975) was a Ukrainian politician and soldier, known for his role in the formation of the artillery of the Ukrainian People's Army.
Mikhail Tikhomirov
Mikhail Nikolayevich Tikhomirov (Russian: Михаи́л Николáевич Тихоми́ров; 31 May 1893 — 2 September 1965) was a leading Soviet specialist in medieval Russian paleography.

Tikhomirov was born and spent his whole life in Moscow, where he was in charge of the Archaeographic Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (to which he was elected a corresponding member in 1946 and full member in 1953). He was responsible for the Soviet edition of the Full Collection of Russian Chronicles and edited collections of many other medieval documents, including the Russkaya Pravda and Sobornoye Ulozhenie.

His major works include A Study of Russkaya Pravda (1941), Old Russian Cities (1956, 2nd ed.), Medieval Moscow (1957), Russia in the Sixteenth Century (1962), Russian Culture from the Tenth to the Eighteenth Century (1968), The Russian State from the Fourteenth to the Seventeenth Century (1973), and Ancient Rus (1975).

Russkaya Pravda
The Russkaya Pravda (sometimes translated as Rus' Justice, Rus' Truth, or Russian Justice) was the legal code of Kievan Rus' and its principalities during the period of feudal fragmentation. It was written at the beginning of the 12th century and remade during many centuries. The basis of the Russkaya Pravda, the Pravda of Yaroslav, was written at the beginning of the 11th century. The Russkaya Pravda was a main source of the law of Kievan Rus'.

In spite of great influence of Byzantine legislation on the contemporary world, and in spite of great cultural and commercial ties between Byzantium and Kievan Rus', the Russkaya Pravda bore no similarity whatsoever to the law of the Byzantine Empire. The absence of capital and corporal punishment rather reflects Norse jurisprudence.
Boyd B. Jones
Boyd B. Jones (October 13, 1856 – June 5, 1930) was an American attorney who served as the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts from 1897 to 1901. He later served on the faculty at the Boston University School of Law and was one of the founding members of the Sentinels of the Republic.

Boston University School of Law
The Boston University School of Law (BU Law) is the law school of Boston University, a private research university in Boston. Established in 1872, it is the third-oldest law school in New England, after Harvard Law School and Yale Law School. Approximately 630 students are enrolled in the full-time J.D. degree program (approximately 210 per class) and about 350 in the school's five LLM degree programs. BU Law was one of the first law schools in the country to admit students to study law regardless of race or gender.
Postcentral sulcus
The postcentral sulcus of the parietal lobe lies parallel to, and behind, the central sulcus in the human brain.  (A sulcus is one of the prominent grooves on the surface of the brain.)

The postcentral sulcus divides the postcentral gyrus from the remainder of the parietal lobe.

Postcentral gyrus
In neuroanatomy, the postcentral gyrus is a prominent gyrus in the lateral parietal lobe of the human brain. It is the location of the primary somatosensory cortex, the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch. Like other sensory areas, there is a map of sensory space in this location, called the sensory homunculus.

The primary somatosensory cortex was initially defined from surface stimulation studies of Wilder Penfield, and parallel surface potential studies of Bard, Woolsey, and Marshall. Although initially defined to be roughly the same as Brodmann areas 3, 1, and 2, more recent work by Kaas has suggested that for homogeny with other sensory fields only area 3 should be referred to as "primary somatosensory cortex", as it receives the bulk of the thalamocortical projections from the sensory input fields.
R.U.R.
R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek.  "R.U.R." stands for Rossumovi Univerzální Roboti (Rossum's Universal Robots, a phrase that has been used as a subtitle in English versions).

The play had its world premiere on 2 January 1921 in Hradec Králové. It introduced the word "robot" to the English language and to science fiction as a whole. R.U.R. became influential soon after its publication.

By 1923, it had been translated into thirty languages. R.U.R. was successful in its time in Europe and North America. Čapek later took a different approach to the same theme in his 1936 novel War with the Newts, in which non-humans become a servant-class in human society.

War with the Newts
War with the Newts (Válka s Mloky in the original Czech), also translated as Salamander Wars, is a 1936 satirical science fiction novel by Czech author Karel Čapek. It concerns the discovery in the Indian Ocean of a sea-dwelling race, an intelligent breed of newts, who are initially enslaved and exploited. They acquire human knowledge and rebel, leading to a global war for supremacy.  There are obvious similarities to Čapek's earlier R.U.R., but also some original themes.

War with the Newts was described as a "classic work" of science fiction by science fiction author and critic Damon Knight.
9 (Public Image Ltd album)
9 is the seventh studio album by Public Image Ltd, but their ninth full-length release including the live albums Paris au Printemps and Live in Tokyo. It was released in the US on 8 May 1989 on the Virgin Records label, and on 30 May 1989 in the UK.

John McGeoch
John Alexander McGeoch (25 August 1955 – 4 March 2004) was a Scottish musician and songwriter. He is best known as the guitarist of the rock bands Magazine (1977–1980) and Siouxsie and the Banshees (1980–1982).

He has been described as one of the most influential guitarists of his generation. In 1996 he was listed by Mojo in their "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" for his work on the Siouxsie and the Banshees song "Spellbound". Signature characteristics of his playing style included inventive arpeggios, string harmonics, the uses of flanger and an occasional disregard for conventional scales.

He was also a member of the bands Visage (1979–1980), the Armoury Show (1983–1986) and Public Image Ltd (1986–1992).

McGeoch has been cited as an influence by guitarists such as Johnny Marr, Jonny Greenwood, Ed O'Brien, the Edge, John Frusciante, Robert Smith, Steve Albini, Duane Denison, James Dean Bradfield and Dave Navarro.
Starred Up
Starred Up is a 2013 British prison crime drama film directed by David Mackenzie and written by Jonathan Asser. Starring Jack O'Connell, Ben Mendelsohn and Rupert Friend, the film is based on Jonathan Asser's experiences working as a voluntary therapist at HM Prison Wandsworth, with some of the country's most violent criminals. The title refers to the early transfer of a criminal from a Young Offender Institution to an adult prison.

HM Prison Wandsworth
HM Prison Wandsworth is a Category B men's prison at Wandsworth in the London Borough of Wandsworth, South West London, England. It is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service and is one of the largest prisons in the UK.
West Kingston, Rhode Island
West Kingston is an unincorporated village and traditional county seat of Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. It is the site of the Kingston Railroad Station Amtrak station, and is a part of the Town of South Kingstown.

Washington County, Rhode Island
Washington County, known to Rhode Islanders as South County, is a county located in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. As of the 2020 census, the population was 129,839. Rhode Island counties have no governmental functions other than as court administrative boundaries, which are part of the state government.
Youssou N'Dour: I Bring What I Love
Youssou N'Dour: I Bring What I Love is a 2008 documentary film directed by filmmaker Elizabeth Chai Vasarhelyi that chronicles Senegalese icon Youssou N'Dour as he releases his Grammy Award-winning album Egypt and works to promote a more tolerant view of Islam. The film features musical superstar/activists Bono and Peter Gabriel. The documentary screened at festivals internationally including the Telluride Film Festival and Toronto International Film Festival in 2008, winning numerous audience awards as well the Special Jury Prize at the Middle East International Film Festival in 2008 and a nomination for the Pare Lorentz Award at the International Documentary Association Awards in 2009. The film premiered in New York City as the opening night of Brooklyn Academy of Music's Muslim Voices: Arts & Ideas Festival in 2009, and opened in theaters in the US and internationally to much acclaim. The film's soundtrack was released by Nonesuch Records in 2010.

Egypt (album)
Egypt is a Grammy Award-winning album by the Senegalese musician Youssou N'Dour, on which he is accompanied by the Egyptian Fathy Salama Orchestra. By incorporating Arabic influences and focusing on Muslim religious themes, the album was a departure from previous N'Dour releases. In the original Senegalese release, it was named Sant Allah (Thanks to God).
Mohamed Noah Foundation Mosque
The Mohamed Noah Foundation Mosque (Malay: Masjid Yayasan Mohamed Noah) is the only mosque in Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. It was opened in 1981. This mosque also acts as the rest area for Muslims to perform their prayers during, before or after vacation to Genting Highlands. It was named after Tan Sri Mohammad Noah, a Malaysian politician and he was among the founders of Genting Highlands after Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong.

Mohamed Noah Omar
Mohamed Noah bin Omar (Jawi: محمد نوح بن عمر‎; 13 August 1897 – 6 September 1991) was a Malaysian politician, nationalist, and businessman. He was a founding member and the first chairman of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), playing a key role in mobilising Malay opposition to the Malayan Union and shaping early nationalist movements. Following independence, he became the first Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat and later served as the third President of the Dewan Negara, contributing to the establishment of Malaysia's parliamentary traditions.

Beyond politics, Mohamed Noah was involved in major business ventures, notably co-founding Genting Highlands alongside Lim Goh Tong, and held leadership roles in corporate entities such as the MUI Group. He is remembered as the patriarch of a prominent political family, with descendants including two Malaysian prime ministers and several senior politicians.
Illinois Route 84
Illinois Route 84 (Route 84 or IL 84) is a long state highway that runs along the Mississippi River in northwestern Illinois. Illinois 84 runs from south of Green Rock (now Colona) at U.S. Route 6 to the Wisconsin state line at Highway 80 by Hazel Green, Wisconsin. Illinois 84 is 93.93 miles (151.17 km) long.

Wisconsin Highway 80
State Trunk Highway 80 (abbreviated as Highway 80, STH-80 or WIS 80) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs north–south in southwest and west central Wisconsin from just south of Marshfield, near the geographic center of the state to the Illinois border near Hazel Green.
Fish Outta Water
Fish Outta Water is the first solo studio album by Chali 2na, a front member of Jurassic 5. It was released on Decon in 2009. It features guest appearances from Talib Kweli, Anthony Hamilton, Beenie Man, Elzhi, and the Marley brothers Damian and Stephen. It peaked at number 44 on the Billboard Heatseekers Albums chart.

Decon
Decon is a New York–based advertising agency and record label. Decon is known for their "Green Week" initiative for NBC Universal, which involved an installation at the 30 Rockefeller Center. Additionally, Decon has produced documentary-style profiles featuring Nissan Leaf. They were also involved in launch of the Fiat 500 in New York in the year 2011.
One True Thing
One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin. It tells the story of a woman in her 20s who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother, who is dying of cancer. The script was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen, with the story being based on Quindlen's own struggle with the death of her mother, Prudence Pantano Quindlen, from ovarian cancer in 1972.

The film stars Meryl Streep, Renée Zellweger, William Hurt, and Tom Everett Scott. Bette Midler sings the lead song, "My One True Friend", over the end credits. The track was first released on Midler's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty. The film was shot in Morristown, New Jersey and Maplewood, New Jersey, as well as at the campus of Princeton University.

Bathhouse Betty
Bathhouse Betty is the ninth studio album by the American singer Bette Midler, released in 1998. Bathhouse Betty was Midler's debut album for Warner Bros. Records, after having parted ways with sister label Atlantic Records in 1995 following the moderate commercial success of her later-platinum certified album Bette of Roses. Bathhouse Betty was certified Gold by the RIAA and spawned the Billboard Dance Club chart topper "I'm Beautiful".
Ola Bauer
Ola Bauer (24 July 1943 – 12 June 1999) was a Norwegian novelist and playwright. He made his literary debut with the novel Graffiti in 1976, under the pseudonym Jo Vendt. Among his best known books are Humlehjertene (1980), Rosapenna (1983), and Metoden (1985). Bauer was awarded Gyldendal's Endowment in 1982, and the Dobloug Prize in 1998. He died of cancer in 1999.

Gyldendal's Endowment
The Gyldendal Prize, formerly Gyldendal's Endowment, is a Norwegian literary prize awarded by the Norwegian publisher Gyldendal Norsk Forlag. Gyldendal's Endowment was awarded from 1934 to 1995  and was superseded by the Gyldendal Prize in 1996. The prize is awarded for the entire body of the author's work and regardless of their publisher.
Continental Army Encampment Site
Continental Army Encampment Site is a historic site located at Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. The Continental Army troops camped on the east side of Brandywine Creek, which is now a part of
Brandywine Park.  An early mill race is still visible, on the site, a reminder of the
extensive early milling industry on the Brandywine.  The Continental Army camped at the site for a few days before the Battle of Brandywine in August 1777.  On December 21, 1777, 1,500 Delaware and Maryland troops under the command of General William Smallwood returned to the campsite. These troops were stationed to prevent occupation of Wilmington by the British and to protect the flour mills on the Brandywine.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

William Smallwood
William Smallwood (1732 – February 14, 1792) was an American planter, soldier and politician from Charles County, Maryland.  He served in the American Revolutionary War, rising to the rank of major general.  He was serving as the fourth Governor of Maryland when the state adopted the United States Constitution.
Pharos network coordinates
Pharos is a hierarchical and decentralized network coordinate system. With the help of a simple two-level architecture, it achieves much better prediction accuracy than the representative Vivaldi coordinates, and it is incrementally deployable.

Global network positioning
Global network positioning is a coordinates-based mechanism in a peer-to-peer network architecture which predicts Internet network distance (i.e. round-trip propagation and transmission delay). The mechanism is based on absolute coordinates computed from modeling the Internet as a geometric space. Since end hosts maintain their own coordinates, the approach allows end hosts to compute their inter-host distances as soon as they discover each other. Moreover, coordinates are very efficient in summarizing inter-host distances, making the approach very scalable.
Vogelsang Training Area
The Vogelsang Training Area (German: Truppenübungsplatz Vogelsang) lays in the German North Eifel hills between the villages of Simmerath, Heimbach and Schleiden in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It was established in 1946 and handed back at the end of 2005, and consisted of the grounds of the former Nazi leadership training centre in the fort of Vogelsang (Ordensburg Vogelsang) on the Erpenscheid hill plus additional terrain including the so-called Dreiborn Plateau. In the north and east it was bounded by the Urft Reservoir. The training area had an area of around 45 km2 and since 1 January 2006 has been fully incorporated into the Eifel National Park.

Until 1950 the training area was run by the British Armed Forces and thereafter until 31 December 2005 by the Belgian Army.

Dreiborn Plateau
The Dreiborn Plateau (German: Dreiborner Hochfläche) is an area of woods and open terrain, some 33 square kilometres in area, in the Eifel National Park. It corresponds to the area of the Vogelsang Military Training Area which was handed back on 31 December 2005 and had been out-of-bounds to the public since 1 September 1946. Since 2006 parts of the area have been opened up to the public who may use certain routes through it.
Miss Universe Colombia
Miss Universe Colombia is a national beauty pageant that selects Colombia's official representative to Miss Universe—one of the Big Four International beauty pageants.

The current Miss Universe Colombia is Vanessa Pulgarin of Antioquia who was crowned on September 28, 2025 in Bogotá. She will represent Colombia at Miss Universe 2025 in Thailand.

Vanessa Pulgarin
Vanessa Pulgarin Monsalve (born September 13, 1991 in Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia) is a Colombian model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Universe Colombia 2025. She represented Colombia at Miss Universe 2025 in Thailand, in the place Top 12 semifinalist.

Pulgarin won Miss International Colombia 2017 title and represented her country at Miss International 2017 in Japan.
Gabriel graph
In mathematics and computational geometry, the Gabriel graph of a set  of points in the Euclidean plane expresses one notion of proximity or nearness of those points.  Formally, it is the graph  with vertex set  in which any two distinct points  and  are adjacent precisely when the closed disc having  as a diameter contains no other points. Another way of expressing the same adjacency criterion is that  and  should be the two closest given points to their midpoint, with no other given point being as close. Gabriel graphs naturally generalize to higher dimensions, with the empty disks replaced by empty closed balls. Gabriel graphs are named after K. Ruben Gabriel, who introduced them in a paper with Robert R. Sokal in 1969.

K. Ruben Gabriel
Kuno Ruben Gabriel (1929–2003) was a statistician known for the inventing the biplot and the Gabriel graph and for his work in statistical meteorology.

Gabriel was born in Germany, emigrated to France, grew up in Israel, was educated at the London School of Economics and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, taught at the Hebrew University until 1975, and then moved to the University of Rochester where he remained until his retirement in 1997. He died on May 25, 2003.

He was a fellow of the American Statistical Association and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and was an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.
Himberg
Himberg bei Wien (German pronunciation: [ˈhɪmˌbeɐk] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Bruck an der Leitha in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

It belonged to Wien-Umgebung District which was dissolved in 2016.

It used to be a holding of the Heyperger family.

Heyperger family
The Heyperger family were a burgher family in Austria (particularly in Tyrol and later Vienna) for several centuries.

The earliest known member of the family is Ulrich Heyperger (d. 1336), who owned several lucrative estates in Tyrol. His best known descendant is Leopold Heyperger, the Burggrave (Governor) of Hofburg Palace from 1547 to 1560 as well as Ferdinand I's treasurer.  In 1482 the family were recognized as part of the ancient nobility. One member of the family, Karl Heyperger became the Lord of the town of Himberg am Wald in Lower Austria. Later members of the family such as Johann Martin Heyperger von Pankirchen (1730–1784), the Dean of Freistadt and Ferdinand von Heyberg und Pankirchen added "Pankirchen" to their surnames after a marriage between the Heyperger and Pankirchen families.
Kloosterkerk, The Hague
The Kloosterkerk (or Cloister Church) is a church on the Lange Voorhout in The Hague, Netherlands. The church and its accompanying monastery were first built in 1397. The church is known today as the church where Beatrix of the Netherlands occasionally attended services.

Lange Voorhout
The Lange Voorhout (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlɑŋə voːrˈɦʌut]) is a street in the old city centre of The Hague, Netherlands. It is L-shaped and runs from Kneuterdijk in the west to Toernooiveld in the east, reaching approximately 0.47 kilometres (0.29 mi) in length.