hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Front Morges
The Front Morges was a political alliance of centrist political parties (Polish Christian Democratic Party, National Workers' Party, Związek Hallerczyków) of interbellum Poland. It was founded in 1936 in the Swiss village of Morges by General Władysław Sikorski and former Polish prime minister Ignacy Paderewski.

Prominent activists included Józef Haller, Wojciech Korfanty, and Karol Popiel. They opposed Poland's Sanation regime – which had caused some of them to emigrate abroad. They wanted to form a new government with Paderewski as president and Wincenty Witos as prime minister. They demanded Poland's democratization and closer ties with France.

The Front Morges gained little publicity or support in Poland, but in 1937 led to the formation of a new political party there, the Labor Party (Stronnictwo Pracy), which would become part of the political basis for the Polish Government-in-Exile during 1939–1945.

Morges
Morges (French pronunciation: [mɔʁʒ]; Latin: Morgiis, plural, probably ablative, else dative; Arpitan: Môrges) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud and the seat of the district of Morges. It is located on Lake Geneva, west of Lausanne.
Biederitz
Biederitz (German pronunciation: [ˈbiːdəʁɪts]) is a municipality in the Jerichower Land district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It consists of the following Ortschaften or municipal divisions:

Biederitz

Gerwisch

Gübs

Heyrothsberge

Königsborn

Woltersdorf

Gerwisch, Gübs, Königsborn and Woltersdorf were merged into the municipality Biederitz in January 2010.

Gübs
Gübs (German pronunciation: [ɡʏps]) is a village and a former municipality in the Jerichower Land district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

Since 1 January 2010, it has been part of the municipality Biederitz.
Bogdanovci
Bogdanovci (Pannonian Rusyn: Богдановци, Serbian Cyrillic: Богдановци, Hungarian: Bogdánfalva) is a village and a municipality in the  Vukovar-Srijem County in eastern Croatia. It is located a few kilometers south of Vukovar in eastern Slavonia. Bogdanovci is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Pannonian Rusyns
Pannonian Rusyns (Pannonian Rusyn: Русини, romanized: Rusynŷ), also known as Pannonian Rusnaks (Pannonian Rusyn: Руснаци, romanized: Rusnatsŷ), are ethnic Rusyns from the southern regions of the Pannonian Plain (hence, Pannonian Rusyns). Their communities are located mainly in Vojvodina, Serbia, and Slavonia, Croatia. In both of those countries, they are officially recognized as an ethnic minority.

Pannonian Rusyns are descendants of 18th-century migrant communities, that came from northeastern (Carpathian) regions, still inhabited today by other groups of (Carpathian) Rusyns, who live in southwestern Ukraine, northeastern Slovakia, southeastern Poland, northern Romania, and northeastern Hungary.
One Kansas City Place
One Kansas City Place is the tallest building in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is located in Downtown Kansas City, Missouri, bounded by 12th Street to the north, Baltimore Avenue to the west, and Main Street to the east. Built in 1988, this 189.9 m / 623 ft skyscraper was designed by Patty Berkebile Nelson & Immenschuh.  It succeeded the Town Pavilion as the city's tallest building.

One Kansas City Place was designed to be an '80s version of Kansas City's famed 30-story Art Deco building Kansas City City Hall, which is located five blocks east of Main on 12th Street.

Downtown Kansas City
Downtown Kansas City is the central business district (CBD) of Kansas City, Missouri and the Kansas City metropolitan area which contains 3.8% of the area's employment. It is between the Missouri River in the north, to 31st Street in the south; and from the Kansas–Missouri state line eastward to Bruce R. Watkins Drive as defined by the Downtown Council of Kansas City; the 2010 Greater Downtown Area Plan formulated by the City of Kansas City defines the Greater Downtown Area to be the city limits of North Kansas City and Missouri to the north, the Kansas–Missouri state line to the west, 31st Street to the south and Woodland Avenue to the east. However, the definition used by the Downtown Council is the most commonly accepted.

In March 2012, downtown Kansas City was selected as one of America's Best downtowns by Forbes magazine for its rich culture in arts, numerous fountains, upscale shopping, and local cuisine such as barbecue.
AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Actor (TV/Streaming)
The AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best Actor (TV/Streaming) is one of the AARP Movies for Grownups Awards presented annually by the AARP. The award honors the best performance in a television or streaming series by an actor over the age of 50.

The first television award given by AARP was titled Best TV Movie, and was given to Hell on Heels: The Battle of Mary Kay in 2003. That category was discontinued after 2006 before returning in 2021 as Best TV Movie/Limited Series alongside three new awards for Best Series, Best Actress, and Best Actor.

AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The AARP Movies for Grownups Awards are awards given out to "champion films made by and for grownups." Given annually by the AARP, they began in 2002 with the goal of encouraging Hollywood to make more movies by and about people over the age of 50. The first awards were announced in an issue of AARP the Magazine, before transitioning to an annual ceremony in 2006. Since 2018, the awards have been telecast throughout the United States on PBS.
Bloody May Day (1977)
The Bloody May Day (Turkish: Kanlı 1 Mayıs, lit. 'Bloody 1 May' or 1 Mayıs Katliamı, '1 May Massacre') was an attack on leftist demonstrators on 1 May 1977 (International Workers' Day) in Taksim Square, Istanbul, Turkey. Casualty figures vary between 31 and 36 people killed with 126 to 220 injured. Over 500 demonstrators were later detained by the security forces, and 98 were indicted. None of the perpetrators were caught, although suspicion soon fell on the Counter-Guerrilla and associated right-wing groups. The massacre was part of the wave of political violence in Turkey in the late 1970s.

Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)
Political violence in Turkey became a serious problem in the late 1970s and was even described as a "low-level civil war". Far-left groups and Turkish right-wing ultranationalist gangs, sometimes allied with the state, were responsible for most of the violence. Ultimately, over 5,000 people died in the conflict. The violence lessened for a while after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état, and was later overshadowed by the PKK insurgency in 1984 and the revival of the Maoist insurgency.
Joseph Crisco Jr.
Joseph Crisco Jr. (June 2, 1934 – February 14, 2025) was an American politician and Connecticut Senator.

Senator Crisco held a bachelor of science degree in accounting from the University of Connecticut and studied at the graduate level at Trinity College in Hartford. Raised in New Haven, he lived in Woodbridge.

Crisco was first elected to the 17th district of the Connecticut Senate in 1992, serving for twelve terms until 2017 when he lost re-election to George Logan. Joseph died on February 14, 2025, age 90.

George Logan (Connecticut politician)
George S. Logan (born March 5, 1969) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party. He served as a member of the Connecticut State Senate from 2017 to 2021. He was the Republican nominee for Connecticut's 5th congressional district in the 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut, ultimately losing to Jahana Hayes by less than one percentage point.
Hamlet and His Problems
"Hamlet and His Problems" is an essay written by T. S. Eliot in 1919 that offers a critical reading of Hamlet. The essay first appeared in Eliot's The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism in 1920. It was later reprinted by Faber & Faber in 1932 in Selected Essays, 1917-1932. Eliot's critique gained attention partly due to his claim that Hamlet is "most certainly an artistic failure." Eliot also popularised the concept of the objective correlative—a mechanism used to evoke emotion in an audience—in the essay. The essay is also an example of Eliot's use of what became known as new criticism.

Critical approaches to Hamlet
From its premiere at the turn of the 17th century, Hamlet has remained Shakespeare's best-known, most imitated, and most analyzed play . The character of Hamlet played a critical role in Sigmund Freud's explanation of the Oedipus complex. Even within the narrower field of literature, the play's influence has been strong. As Foakes writes, "No other character's name in Shakespeare's plays, and few in literature, have come to embody an attitude to life ... and been converted into a noun in this way."
Kyrganay Range
The Kyrganay Range (Russian: хребет Кырганай or хребет Кыргонай) is a range of mountains in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russian Far East. Administratively the range is part of Bilibino District.

The village of Keperveyem is located at the feet of the range in its western end. Bilibino is located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) further to the north.

Keperveyem
Keperveyem (Russian: Кепервеем; Chukchi: Ӄэпэрвээм, Ḳèpèrvèèm) is a rural locality (a selo) in Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia.  Municipally, Keperveyem is subordinated to Bilibinsky Municipal District and is incorporated within Bilibino Urban Settlement. Population:  336 (2010 census);

The name Keperveyem comes from the Chukchi for Wolverine River.
Funckens Gränd
Funckens Gränd  is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden.  Leading south from the street Västerlånggatan to the square Kornhamnstorg, it forms a parallel street to Torgdragargränd and Triewaldsgränd.

Triewaldsgränd
Triewaldsgränd (Swedish: "Alley of Triewalds") is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden.  Stretching south from the square Järntorget to Kornhamnstorg and Munkbroleden, it forms a parallel street to Funckens Gränd and Järntorgsgatan.

The name is derived from the German farrier and anchor smith Mårten Triewald the Elder who bought a building at number 5 in 1694. He is mostly known through his sons, the captain and mechanic Mårten Triewald the Younger, co-founder of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the diplomat and poet Samuel von Triewald. The street is labelled Triwalds gr[änd] on a map dated 1733, but is humorously referred to as Trivialsgränd ("The Trivial Alley"), either a paraphrasing of the original name or referring to the block north of Järntorget named Trivia.
Solenoid (mathematics)
This page discusses a class of topological groups. For the wrapped loop of wire, see Solenoid.

In mathematics, a solenoid is a compact connected topological space (i.e. a continuum) that may be obtained as the inverse limit of an inverse system of topological groups and continuous homomorphisms

where each  is a circle and fi is the map that uniformly wraps the circle  for  times () around the circle .: Ch. 2 Def. (10.12) 
This construction can be carried out geometrically in the three-dimensional Euclidean space R3. A solenoid is a one-dimensional homogeneous indecomposable continuum that has the structure of an abelian compact topological group.

Solenoids were first introduced by Vietoris for the  case, and by van Dantzig the  case, where  is fixed. Such a solenoid arises as a one-dimensional expanding attractor, or Smale–Williams attractor, and forms an important example in the theory of hyperbolic dynamical systems.

Continuum (topology)
In the mathematical field of point-set topology, a continuum (plural: "continua") is a nonempty compact connected metric space, or, less frequently, a compact connected Hausdorff space. Continuum theory is the branch of topology devoted to the study of continua.
757 Naval Air Squadron
757 Naval Air Squadron (757 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It was first formed as a Telegraphist Air Gunner Training Squadron in 1939, operating out of RNAS Worthy Down (HMS Kestrel), but after three months it went into abeyance, only to reform again in the same role, at the same location, in 1941 and operating until 1942. It then reformed as a Fighter Pool Squadron & Operational Training Unit at RNAS Puttalam (HMS Rajaliya), in Sri Lanka, in 1943. After a brief spell at RNAMY Tambaram (HMS Valluru), in India, the squadron finally disbanded at RNAS Katukurunda (HMS Ukussa), in Sri Lanka,  at the beginning of 1946.

RAF Worthy Down
Royal Air Force Worthy Down, or simply RAF Worthy Down, is a former Royal Air Force station built in 1918, 3.5 miles (6 km) north of Winchester, in Hampshire, England. After it was transferred to Royal Navy control in 1939 as Royal Naval Air Station Worthy Down (RNAS Worthy Down, or HMS Kestrel), the airfield remained in use throughout the Second World War, and then housed a RN Air Electrical School, HMS Ariel, from 1952. The airfield was in use until 1960. The site is now MOD Worthy Down.
Ciudad del Niño metro station
Ciudad del Niño is an underground metro station on the Line 2 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. It was named after the former Ciudad del Niño Presidente Juan Antonio Ríos. The station was opened on 21 December 1978 as part of the extension of the line from Franklin to Lo Ovalle.

On 10 December 1985, a unit of the Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front assaulted the ticket offices and detonated two kilograms of explosives behind a train in the station.

The station remained closed between 19 October and 11 November 2019 due to the mass fare evasion events that affected it during the protests triggered by the metro fare increase.

Santiago Metro Line 2
Santiago Metro Line 2 is one of the seven rapid transit lines that currently make up the Santiago Metro network in Santiago, Chile. It has 26 stations and 25.9 km (16.1 mi) of track. The line intersects with Line 1 at Los Héroes, with the Line 3 at Puente Cal y Canto, with Line 4A at La Cisterna, with Line 5 at Santa Ana, and Line 6 at Franklin. It will also intersect with the future Line 7 and Line 9 at Puente Cal y Canto. Its distinctive colour on the network line map is banana yellow.

In 2015, Line 2 accounted for 18.8% of all trips made on the metro with a daily ridership of 325,400.
WBEC-TV
WBEC-TV (channel 63) is an educational independent television station licensed to Boca Raton, Florida, United States. It is owned by Broward County Public Schools alongside student radio station WKPX (88.5 FM). The two stations share studios on Nova Drive in Davie; WBEC-TV's transmitter is located in the Dale Village mobile home park in Pembroke Park. Although Boca Raton is part of the West Palm Beach television market, WBEC-TV primarily serves Broward County, which is part of the Miami market.

Broward County Public Schools
Broward County Public Schools is a public school district serving Broward County, Florida, United States. It is the sixth largest public school system in the nation. Headquartered in the city downtown of Fort Lauderdale, it is the sole school district in the county.

During the 2023–2024 school year, Broward County Public Schools served 251,106 students enrolled in 326 schools and education centers district-wide.
Thomas Crisp
Thomas Crisp VC, DSC, RNR (28 April 1876 – 15 August 1917) was an English sailor and posthumous recipient of the Victoria Cross. Crisp, in civilian life a commercial fisherman operating from Lowestoft in Suffolk, earned his award after being killed during the defence of his vessel, the armed naval smack Nelson, in the North Sea against an attack from a German submarine in 1917.

Crisp's self-sacrifice in the face of this "unequal struggle" was used by the government to bolster morale during some of the toughest days of the First World War for Britain, in late 1917, during which Britain was suffering heavy losses at the Battle of Passchendaele. His exploit was read aloud by David Lloyd George in the Houses of Parliament and made headline news for nearly a week.

Armed trawler Ethel & Millie
The Armed trawler Ethel & Millie was a British auxiliary warship which served during World War I.
She was built in 1908 as the fishing smack Ethel & Millie, operating from Lowestoft and registered as LT 200.
In early 1917 she was armed for defence against U-boat attack, and fought two actions against them.
She was sunk in action on 15 August 1917.
Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts
The Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts at Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the only building designed primarily by Le Corbusier in the United States—he contributed to the design of the United Nations Secretariat Building—and one of only two in the Americas (the other being the Curutchet House in La Plata, Argentina). Le Corbusier designed it with the collaboration of Chilean architect Guillermo Jullian de la Fuente at his 35 rue de Sèvres studio; the on-site preparation of the construction plans was handled by the office of Josep Lluís Sert, then dean of the Harvard Graduate School of Design. He had formerly worked in Le Corbusier's atelier and had been instrumental in winning him the commission. The building was completed in 1962.

Curutchet House
The Curutchet House, La Plata, Argentina, is a building by Le Corbusier. It was commissioned by Dr. Pedro Domingo Curutchet, a surgeon, in 1948 and included a small medical office on the ground floor.   The house consists of four main levels with a courtyard between the house and the clinic.  The building faces the Paseo del Bosque park.  The main facade incorporates a brise soleil.
TX-2 Tape System
The TX-2 Tape System was a magnetic tape data storage technology from the late 1950s.  It is the direct ancestor of LINCtape, used on the LINC laboratory computer.

The tape transports used in the system were made as simple and fool-proof as possible, consisting of a read-write head
assembly, two reel drive motors, and a tape guide. The tape system used 10 tracks across a 1⁄2-inch (13 mm) tape on 10-inch (250 mm) reels.
Maximum reel speed was 920 inches per second (23.4 metres per second). The system used digital speed control based on a clock track on the tape.

The 10-track head assembly contains five channels; three information, one timing, and one block mark. Each channel consists of two redundantly paired tracks, and the paired tracks are nonadjacent to minimize the effect of contamination on the tape surface.

This redundant track scheme was previously used on the MIT Whirlwind tape system.

DECtape
DECtape, originally called Microtape, is a magnetic tape data storage medium used with many Digital Equipment Corporation computers, including the PDP-1, PDP-4, PDP-6, PDP-8, LINC-8, PDP-9, PDP-10, PDP-11, PDP-12, and the PDP-15. On DEC's 32-bit systems, VAX/VMS support for it was implemented but did not become an official part of the product lineup.

DECtapes are 3⁄4 inch (19 mm) wide, and formatted into blocks of data that can each be read or written individually. Each tape stores 184K 12-bit PDP-8 words or 144K 18-bit words (equivalent to 276 kilobytes). Block size is 128 12-bit words (for the 12-bit machines), or 256 18-bit words for the other machines (16, 18, 32, or 36-bit systems).

From a programming point of view,: p.505  because the system is block-oriented and allows random seeking, DECtape behaves like a very slow disk drive.
McGill University Health Centre
The McGill University Health Centre (MUHC; French: Centre universitaire de santé McGill; CUSM) is one of two major healthcare networks in the city of Montreal, Quebec. It is affiliated with McGill University and is one of the largest and most modern health centres in North America. The majority of its funding comes from Quebec taxpayers through the Ministry of Health and Social Services. The MUHC provides specialized inpatient and ambulatory (outpatient) care.

Lachine Hospital
Lachine Hospital (French: Hôpital de Lachine) is a public hospital in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 650 16th Avenue in the borough of Lachine (at the corner of Saint Antoine Street).

A community general hospital, it offers a range of services including ophthalmology, cardiology, general surgery, laboratory services and medical imaging (MRI, CT scan, Radiography, and Ultrasound).

The Lachine Hospital is currently involved in a major modernization project. The $220 million project is being developed in partnership with the Ministry of Health and Social Services (MHSS) and the Société québécoise des infrastructures (SQI).
Oxnam
Oxnam (Scots: Owsenam) is a village near Jedburgh, in Roxburghshire in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. It is a primarily residential village.

The placename Oxnam is from Old English oxa (genitive oxan) "oxen" and ham "village", the meaning being "village where ox are bred". The name was recorded as Oxenamm in 1148, and sometimes known as Oxenham.

Current local placenames include Oxnam Green, Oxnam Kirk, Oxnam Mains, Oxnam Neuk, Oxnam Pond, Oxnam Row, Oxnam Sawmill, Borthwick Estate and Oxnam School.

The village became notable in 2025 for hosting a Ba' game, becoming the first "new ba" since Ancrum ba' was revived in the 1970s. The inaugural game was won by the uppies 3-2, with Finlay Grieve and Finlay Borthwick hailing for the win.

Dere Street passes through the village. Other places nearby include Bairnkine, Camptown, Crailing, Crailinghall, Hownam, Kelso, Newbigging.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
Hampshire Yeomanry
The Hampshire Yeomanry was a yeomanry cavalry regiment formed by amalgamating older units raised between 1794 and 1803 during the French Revolutionary Wars. It served in a mounted role in the Second Boer War and World War I, and in the air defence role during and after World War II. The lineage is continued by 295 (Hampshire Yeomanry) Battery and 457 (Hampshire Carabiniers Yeomanry) Battery, batteries of 106 (Yeomanry) Regiment Royal Artillery, part of the Army Reserve.

2nd Wessex Brigade, Royal Field Artillery
The II (or 2nd) Wessex Brigade was a howitzer unit of the Royal Field Artillery in Britain's Territorial Force (TF) that was formed on the Isle of Wight in 1908. It served in India and the Middle East during World War I, one of its batteries being captured at the Siege of Kut in Mesopotamia in 1916, and another seeing active service in the Third Afghan War of 1919. Although reformed after the war, the unit was broken up in 1927.
Amazonomyces
Amazonomyces is a lichenized genus of fungi in the family Arthoniaceae.
The genus contains 3 species:

Amazonomyces farkasiae (Lücking) Lücking, Sérus. & G. Thor, 1998

Amazonomyces palmae Bat. & Cavalc., 1963

Amazonomyces sprucei (R. Sant.) Lücking, Sérus. & G. Thor, 1998

Arthoniaceae
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.