hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alyssoides
Alyssoides is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae containing a single species, Alyssoides utriculata. A herbaceous perennial plant native to Southern Europe and Turkey, it grows on dry rocky slopes and on calcareous rocks, reaching heights of 20 to 50 cm and blooming with yellow flowers between April and May–July.

The genus formerly contained a second species, Alyssoides cretica, but after molecular phylogenetic studies from 2008 and 2013 it was reassigned to the genus Lutzia.

There are two subspecies: the A. utricalata subsp. utriculata, and A. utriculata subsp. bulgarica, which characteristically differ by the pattern and shape of their hairs.

Alyssoides utriculata is used as an ornamental plant and in gardening may be referred to as inflated bladderseed  or as (Greek) bladderpod (not to be confused with other plants named bladderpod).

Lutzia cretica
Lutzia cretica is a species of herbaceous plant endemic to the Aegean Islands of Greece. It is the only species in the genus Lutzia, which belongs to the cabbage family Brassicaceae.

Prior to a 2015 reappraisal based on molecular phylogenetic data, the plant was most commonly included in the genus Alyssoides as Alyssoides cretica.

Lutzia cretica grows into a characteristic spherical bush. Its leaves are greyish-white and tomentose (covered in soft dense hairs). It produces large yellow flowers between February and April, and the fruits can remain on the plant until June.

It grows in the crevices of limestone cliffs and ravines, from sea level up to 400 m (1,300 ft), less frequently as high as 800 m (2,600 ft). It is found on the islands of Crete (mostly the central and eastern parts and on some small offshore islets), Kasos, Karpathos, and Astypalaia.
Arnprior
Arnprior is a town in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada.

Arnprior has experienced significant growth in populations with the widening of the Ontario Highway 417 to four lanes. The town experienced an increase in population by 8.4% from 2011 to 2016, at which time its population was 8,795. It was also during these critical 5 years that the Town of Arnprior surpassed the neighboring Town of Renfrew, Ontario, to become the county's third-largest town or city by population, behind Petawawa and Pembroke. The town is a namesake of Arnprior, Scotland, and is known for its lumber, hydro power generation, aerospace, farming, and proximity to the National Capital Region.

Pembroke, Ontario
Pembroke (/ˈpɛmbrʊk/ PEM-brook) is a city in eastern Ontario, Canada, located at the confluence of the Muskrat River and the Ottawa River in the Ottawa Valley. It lies approximately 145 kilometres (90 mi) northwest of Ottawa. It serves as the county seat of Renfrew County and functions as a regional administrative, judicial, healthcare, and commercial centre for surrounding communities, independent of the county government.

Historically, Pembroke developed as an important centre of the Ottawa Valley lumber trade, a role that shaped its early growth and institutional development. As of the 2021 Census, the city had a population of 14,364.
Fundamental theorem of Galois theory
In mathematics, the fundamental theorem of Galois theory is a result that describes the structure of certain types of field extensions in relation to groups. It was proved by Évariste Galois in his development of Galois theory.

In its most basic form, the theorem asserts that given a field extension  that is finite and Galois, there is a one-to-one correspondence between its intermediate fields and subgroups of its Galois group. (Intermediate fields are fields  satisfying ; they are also called subextensions of .)

Galois group
In mathematics, in the area of abstract algebra known as Galois theory, the Galois group of a certain type of field extension is a specific group associated with the field extension. The study of field extensions and their relationship to the polynomials that give rise to them via Galois groups is called Galois theory, so named in honor of Évariste Galois who first discovered them.

For a more elementary discussion of Galois groups in terms of permutation groups, see the article on Galois theory.
Manganese heptoxide
Manganese(VII) oxide (manganese heptoxide) is an inorganic compound with the formula Mn2O7. Manganese heptoxide is a volatile liquid with an oily consistency. It is a highly reactive and powerful oxidizer that reacts explosively with nearly any organic compound. It was first described in 1860. It is the acid anhydride of permanganic acid.

Acidic oxide
An acidic oxide is an oxide that either produces an acidic solution upon addition to water, or acts as an acceptor of hydroxide ions effectively functioning as a Lewis acid. Acidic oxides will typically have a low pKa and may be inorganic or organic. A commonly encountered acidic oxide, carbon dioxide produces an acidic solution (and the generation of carbonic acid) when dissolved. Generally non-metallic oxides are acidic.

The acidity of an oxide can be reasonably assumed by its accompanying constituents. Less electronegative elements tend to form basic oxides such as sodium oxide and magnesium oxide, whereas more electronegative elements tend to produce acidic oxides such as carbon dioxide and phosphorus pentoxide. Some oxides, like aluminium oxides, are amphoteric, while some oxides may be neutral.

Acidic oxides are of environmental concern. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are considered air pollutants as they react with atmospheric water vapour to produce acid rain.
Pretty Girls Make Graves
Pretty Girls Make Graves is a post-hardcore band formed in Seattle in 2001, named after The Smiths' song of the same name (which itself was named after a quote from Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums). Andrea Zollo and Derek Fudesco had played together previously in The Hookers, as well as The Death Wish Kids and Area 51 along with Dann Gallucci, with whom Derek had formed Murder City Devils. Not long before the Murder City Devils disbanded, Derek and Andrea formed Pretty Girls Make Graves along with Jay, Nick and Nathan. They played the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in 2004. The band announced its split on January 29, 2007, with their final two shows taking place in Seattle that June.

Lookout Records
Lookout Records (stylized as Lookout! Records) was an independent record label, initially based in Laytonville, California, and later in Berkeley, focusing on punk rock. Established in 1987, the label is best known for having released Operation Ivy’s only album, Energy, and Green Day's first two albums, 39/Smooth and Kerplunk.

Following the departure of co-founder Larry Livermore in 1997, the label departed from its "East Bay sound" and proved unable to match early success. In 2005 the label ran into financial difficulties after several high-profile artists rescinded the rights to their Lookout Records material. After a period of rapid contraction the label slowly expired, terminating operations and removing its music from online distribution channels early in 2012.
Christian Fox
Christian Benjamin Fox (born 11 April 1981) is a Scottish football manager, most recently for Selby Town, and former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for York City, Larne, Selby Town, Pickering Town and Wakefield.

He was also called up for a 3-day England Under 18 squad training session in July 1999.

Selby Town F.C.
Selby Town Football Club is an English football club based in Selby, North Yorkshire, founded in 1919. They play in the Northern Counties East League Division One. The club's traditional rivals are Goole (with whom they play an annual match, for the right to win the Eric Lawton Cup) and Tadcaster Albion.
Naval Base Manila
Naval Base Manila, Naval Air Base Manila was a major United States Navy base south of the City of Manila, on Luzon Island in the Philippines.  Some of the bases dates back to 1898, the end of the Spanish–American War. Starting in 1938 civilian contractors were used to build new facilities in Manila to prepare for World War II. Work stopped on December 23, 1941, when Manila was declared not defendable against the Empire of Japan southward advance, which took over the city on January 2, 1942, after the US declared it an open city. US Navy construction and repair started in March 1945 with the taking of Manila in the costly Battle of Manila ending on March 2, 1945. Naval Base Manila supported the Pacific War and remained a major US Naval Advance Base until its closure in 1971.

New Bilibid Prison
The New Bilibid Prison (NBP) in Muntinlupa, Metro Manila, is the main insular prison designed to house the prison population of the Philippines. It is maintained by the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) under the Department of Justice (DOJ). As of December 2025, the NBP housed 28,616 inmates, nearly five times its intended capacity of 6,345.

Since July 2023, the DOJ has suspended admitting new inmates to the prison to address overcrowding and prison gang wars. As such, BuCor Chief Gregorio Catapang Jr. has expressed plans to close down the prison by 2028 and convert it into a commercial hub, with an estimated 7,500 minimum- and medium-security inmates scheduled to be transferred to regional prisons in their respective hometowns and high-risk offenders to a supermax prison soon to open in Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro.
Pyarey Afzal
Pyarey Afzal or Pyaare Afzal  (Urdu: پیارے افضل) ( English: Dear Afzal), is a 2013 Pakistani romantic melodrama television serial that aired on ARY Digital. Directed by Nadeem Baig and written by Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar, the drama was produced by Humayun Saeed and Shazad Nasib's Six Sigma Entertainment. The drama starred Hamza Ali Abbasi and Ayeza Khan in the lead roles.

Often cited as one of the greatest Pakistani dramas of all time, Pyarey Afzal won many people's choice awards from Dawn readers in 2014. At the annual Lux Style Awards, Pyarey Afzal won five awards from seven nominations, including Best TV Play, Best Director for Baig, Best Actor for Abbasi and Best Actress for Khan. Pyaray Afzal also aired in India on the Zindagi Channel under the same name. The Express Tribune stated Indian viewers liked "The script, dialogue delivery, background score and overall finesse".

Anoushay Abbasi
Anoushay Abbasi is a Pakistani television actress and model. She started her career as a child artist at PTV.  In her acting career, she is widely known for her leading roles in the television series Mera Saaein 2 (2012), Meri Saheli Meri Humjoli (2012), Tootay Huway Per (2011), Nanhi (2013), Pyarey Afzal (2013), Malika-e-Aliya (2014), Bhanwar (2014), Malika-e-Aliya Season 2 (2015), Meray Paas Tum Ho (2019), Raqs-e-Bismil (2020) and Benaam (2021).
Hardware store
Hardware stores (in a number of countries, "shops"), sometimes known as DIY stores, sell household hardware for home improvement including: fasteners, building materials, hand tools, power tools, keys, locks, hinges, chains, plumbing supplies, electrical supplies, cleaning products, housewares, tools, utensils, paint, and lawn and garden products directly to consumers for use at home or for business. Many hardware stores have specialty departments unique to its region or its owner's interests. These departments include hunting and fishing supplies, plants and nursery products, marine and boating supplies, pet food and supplies, farm and ranch supplies including animal feed, swimming pool chemicals, homebrewing supplies and canning supplies.

Retailers' cooperative
A retailers' cooperative is a type of cooperative which employs economies of scale on behalf of its retailer members. Retailers' cooperatives use their purchasing power to acquire discounts from manufacturers and often share marketing expenses. A retailers' cooperative is essentially a group of independently owned businesses that pool their resources to purchase in bulk, usually by establishing a central buying organization, and engage in joint promotion efforts. It is common for locally owned grocery stores, hardware stores, and pharmacies to participate in retailers' cooperatives.

Both consumers' cooperatives and workers' cooperatives should be distinguished from a retailers' cooperative.
Athenaeus
Athenaeus of Naucratis (/ˌæθəˈniːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀθήναιος ὁ Nαυκρατίτης or Nαυκράτιος, Athēnaios Naukratitēs or Naukratios; Latin: Athenaeus Naucratita) was an ancient Greek rhetorician and grammarian, flourishing about the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd century AD. The Suda says only that he lived in the times of Marcus Aurelius, but the contempt with which he speaks of Commodus, who died in 192, implies that he survived that emperor. He was a contemporary of Adrantus.

Athenaeus himself states that he was the author of a treatise on the thratta, a type of fish mentioned by Archippus and other comic poets, and of a history of the Syrian kings. Both works are lost. Of his works, only the fifteen-volume Deipnosophistae mostly survives.

Naucratis
Naucratis or Naukratis (/ˈnɔːkrətɪs/; Ancient Greek: Ναύκρατις, "Naval Command"; Egyptian: njwt-kꜣrṯ, nskꜣrṯ, pr-mryt; Coptic: Ⲡⲓⲉⲙⲣⲱ Piemro) was a city and trading-post in ancient Egypt, located on the Canopic (western-most) branch of the Nile river, south-east of the Mediterranean Sea and the city of Alexandria. Naucratis was the first and, for much of its early history, the only permanent Greek settlement in Egypt, serving as a symbiotic nexus for the interchange of Greek and Egyptian art and culture.

The modern villages of Kom Gi'eif, el-Nibeira and el-Niqrash cover the archaeological site, which is of great importance. It is the source of numerous art objects in many of the world's museums, as well as pottery inscribed with some of the earliest known examples of Greek writing.

The sister port of Naucratis was the harbour town of Heracleion, which was discovered in 2000.
Franklin Medal
The Franklin Medal was a science award presented from 1915 until 1997 by the Franklin Institute located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. It was founded in 1914 by innovator Samuel Insull, and it was the most prestigious of the various awards presented by the Franklin Institute. Together with the other eight historical awards, it was merged into the Benjamin Franklin Medal, initiated in 1998.

Franklin Institute Awards
The Franklin Institute Awards (or Benjamin Franklin Medal) is an American science and engineering award presented by the Franklin Institute, a science museum in Philadelphia. The Franklin Institute awards comprises the Benjamin Franklin Medals in seven areas of science and engineering, the Bower Awards and Prize for Achievement in Science, and the Bower Award for Business Leadership. Since 1824, the institute has recognized "world-changing scientists, engineers, inventors, and industrialists—all of whom reflect Benjamin Franklin's spirit of curiosity, ingenuity, and innovation". Some of the noted past laureates include Nikola Tesla, Thomas Edison, Marie Curie, Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking.  Some of the 21st century laureates of the institute awards are Bill Gates, James P. Allison, Indra Nooyi, Jane Goodall, Elizabeth Blackburn, George Church, Robert S. Langer, and Alex Gorsky.
Masonic bodies
There are many organisations and orders which form part of the widespread fraternity of Freemasonry, each having its own structure and terminology. Collectively, these may be referred to as Masonic bodies, Masonic orders, Concordant bodies, or appendant bodies of Freemasonry.

Royal Arch Masonry
Royal Arch Masonry (also known as "Capitular Masonry") is the first part of the American York Rite system of Masonic degrees. Royal Arch Masons meet as a Chapter, and the Royal Arch Chapter confers four degrees: Mark Master Mason, Past Master, Most Excellent Master, and Royal Arch Mason.
Hugh the Great
Hugh the Great (c. 898 – 16 June 956) was the duke of the Franks and count of Paris. He was the most powerful magnate in France. Son of King Robert I of France, Hugh was Margrave of Neustria. He played an active role in bringing King Louis IV of France back from England in 936. Seeking an alliance with the Holy Roman Emperor Otto the Great, he married Otto's younger sister Hedwig of Saxony in 937. They were the parents of Hugh Capet. Hedwig's sister, Gerberga of Saxony, was Louis' wife. Although he often fought against Louis, he supported the accession of Louis and Gerberga's son, Lothair of France.

Robert I of France
Robert I (c. 866 – 15 June 923) was the elected King of West Francia from 922 to 923. Before his election to the throne he was Count of Poitiers, Count of Paris and Marquis of Neustria and Orléans. He succeeded the overthrown Carolingian king Charles the Simple, who in 898 had succeeded Robert's brother, king Odo.
Small dorcopsis
The small dorcopsis or lesser forest wallaby (Dorcopsulus vanheurni) is a species of marsupial in the family Macropodidae. It is found in the mountainous interior of West Papua and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests. It is less common than it used to be and the IUCN has assessed it as being "near threatened".

Macropodidae
Macropodidae is a family of marsupials that includes kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, wallaroos, pademelons, the quokka, and several other groups. These genera are allied to the suborder Macropodiformes, containing other macropods, and are native to the Australian continent (the mainland and Tasmania), New Guinea and nearby islands. As of 2025 there are 63 recognised living species in this family.
Ken (musician)
Ken (born November 28, 1968, in Maibara, Shiga) is a Japanese musician and singer-songwriter, best known as guitarist of the rock band L'Arc-en-Ciel. After he joined them in 1992, they went on to sell over 40 million records, making them one of the best-selling music artists in Japan. He has written a breadth of L'Arc-en-Ciel's material, including "Vivid Colors", "The Fourth Avenue Cafe", "Niji", "Kasou", "My Heart Draws a Dream", "Daybreak's Bell" and "Chase". Ken was also the vocalist and guitarist of the rock trio Sons of All Pussys (also known as S.O.A.P.), and has released a solo album entitled In Physical.

Kyūtai
Kyūtai (球体, lit. "Sphere") is the ninth album by Mucc, released on March 4, 2009. Daisuke from Kagerou sings the chorus on "Hōkō". Tracks 3 and 10 were produced with Ken from L'Arc-en-Ciel. Miya's mother sings the chorus on the 7-minute song "Sanbika", as the song was written about the death of his grandmother. The album reached number 12 on the Oricon chart.
Avlabari
Avlabari (Georgian: ავლაბარი Avlabari, Armenian: Հավլաբար Havlabar) is a neighborhood of Old Tbilisi on the left bank (east side) of the Mtkvari River. The 11th-13th century chronicles mention it as Isani, which is now one of the larger municipal regions of Tbilisi. Nowadays one of the upcoming hip neighborhoods of the city, Avlabari is being extensively gentrified.

Church of the Red Gospel, Tbilisi
The Church of the Red Gospel (Armenian: Կարմիր Ավետարան եկեղեցի, Karmir Avetaran Yekeghetsi; Armenian: Կարմիր վանք, Karmir Vank) or Shamkoretsots Sourb Astvatsatsin Church (Armenian: Շամքորեցոց Սուրբ Աստվածածին եկեղեցի, meaning Shamkor Inhabitants' Holy Mother of God Church) is a ruined 18th-century Armenian church in the Avlabari district of Old Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia.

It was built in 1735 or 1775 or 1808, and renovated during the 19th century.  According to Armenian sources, on April 13, 1989, the church was "blown up" or "destroyed". Georgian officials deny that it was blown up, and ascribed its destruction to the intensity of an earthquake that had struck Tbilisi a day before. At 40 meters, it was the tallest Armenian church in Tbilisi. Today it stands in ruins, with its cupola gone.
Rose Tree Media School District
Rose Tree Media School District (RTMSD) is a school district in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, headquartered in the Borough of Media. Rose Tree Media School District is serviced by the Delaware County Intermediate Unit. It has 4,143 students in its six schools. The superintendent is Joseph Meloche, Ed.D.

The district includes the following municipalities: Media Borough, Edgmont Township, Middletown Township, and Upper Providence Township.

In the school year 2022-2023, the district provided basic educational services to 4143 pupils with 300 teachers, 395 other staff, and 19.5 administrators. The district received more than $17 million in state funding in school year 2022–2023.

According to 2018-22 ACS-ED data, the district serves a resident population of 37,328.
The median household income is $115,866, versus a state median income of $73,170, and national median income of $75,149.

Upper Providence Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Upper Providence Township is a township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States, located around and to the north of the borough of Media, and approximately 15 miles (24 km) west of center city Philadelphia. The population was 10,142 at the 2010 census. The township lies between Ridley Creek on the west and Crum Creek on the east. Most of Ridley Creek State Park is in the township, towards the northern edge. Zoning is 98% residential, 1% commercial and 1% industrial, with minimal space zoned to commercial business.
Llain-y-gawsai
Llain-y-gawsai (also known as Llangawsai) is a village in Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion, Wales. It is 74.6 miles (120.1 km) from Cardiff and 178.8 miles (287.8 km) from London. It is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and the MP Ben Lake (Plaid Cymru).

Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
Llanbadarn Fawr (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˌbadarn ˈvau̯r]) is a village and community in Ceredigion, Wales. It is on the outskirts of Aberystwyth next to Penparcau and Southgate. It forms the eastern part of the continually built-up area of Aberystwyth. It holds two electoral wards, Padarn and Sulien which elect a Ceredigion County Councillor each and several Llanbadarn Fawr Community Councillors. At the 2001 census its population as a community was recorded at 2,899, increasing to 3,380 at the 2011 census.
Kingman Commercial Historic District
The Kingman Commercial Historic District is a 4.5-acre (1.8 ha) historic district along the 300 and 400 blocks of Andy Devine Ave. in Kingman, Arizona. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.  It includes seven contributing properties; it includes Moderne, Queen Anne, and Mission/Spanish Revival designed by W. Royal Lescher and others.

The district includes the Beale Hotel, the Brunswick Hotel, the 1906 Lovin Building, an AT&SF railroad depot, the Luthy Block building, and an archeological site.  The Luthy Block was originally a "simple adobe building" but was expanded in 1908 with brick and was remodeled with Mission Revival parapets;  these parapets were updated in c.1935 to Moderne motifs.

Kingman station
Kingman station is an Amtrak train station located in the historic Kingman Railroad Depot in Kingman, Arizona, United States. Amtrak's Southwest Chief trains stop at the Kingman station once daily in each direction.  Kingman is also the transfer point for dedicated, guaranteed Amtrak Thruway service to/from Laughlin, Nevada and Las Vegas, Nevada.

This station has an enclosed waiting room, but is unstaffed. There are no ticket agents or Quik-Trak kiosks on site.

Of the eight Arizona stations served by Amtrak (in 2020), Kingman was the third-busiest in fiscal year 2020, boarding or detraining 5,536 passengers in 2020.