hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regge calculus
In general relativity, Regge calculus is a formalism for producing simplicial approximations of spacetimes that are solutions to the Einstein field equation.  The calculus was introduced by the Italian theoretician Tullio Regge in 1961.

Simplicial manifold
In physics, the term simplicial manifold commonly refers to one of several loosely defined objects, commonly appearing in the study of Regge calculus. These objects combine attributes of a simplex with those of a manifold.  There is no standard usage of this term in mathematics, and so the concept can refer to a triangulation in topology, or a piecewise linear manifold, or one of several different functors from either the category of sets or the category of simplicial sets to the category of manifolds.
Kadua
Kadua is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It comprises 29 species, all restricted to Polynesia. Twenty-two of these are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the species are common at high elevation. Others are single-island endemics or very rare, and a few are probably extinct. Kadua affinis is widely distributed in Hawaii and is polymorphic. The type species for the genus is Kadua acuminata.

Kadua was formerly included in a broadly defined and polyphyletic Hedyotis, which encompassed, in addition to Kadua, species now placed in Oldenlandia, Oldenlandiopsis, Houstonia, and other genera. Hedyotis is now circumscribed more narrowly.

Hedyotis
Hedyotis (starviolet) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Many species of this genus such as Hedyotis biflora, H. corymbosa and H. diffusa are well known medicinal plants. Hedyotis is native to tropical and subtropical Asia and to islands of the northwest Pacific. It comprises about 115 species. The type species for the genus is Hedyotis fruticosa.

Hedyotis was named by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum. This generic name is derived from two Greek words, hedys, "sweet", and otos, "ear", in reference to the sweet-scented, ear-shaped leaves of some species.
Stendal Hauptbahnhof
Stendal Hauptbahnhof (German: Stendal Hauptbahnhof) is a railway station in the town of Stendal, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The station lies on the Berlin-Lehrte railway, Hanover–Berlin high-speed railway, Magdeburg-Wittenberge railway, Stendal–Uelzen railway, Stendal-Tangermünde railway and Stendal–Niedergörne railway. It is an important railway hub for regional trains and is also used by Intercity and Intercity-Express (ICE) trains regularly. Until the winter 2012 timetable Stendal station was only by Deutsche Bahn trains. Since December 2012, the station has also been served by some services operated by Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station.

Stendal
Stendal (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛndaːl] ⓘ), officially the Hanseatic City of Stendal (German: Hansestadt Stendal), is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of the Stendal District and the unofficial capital of the Altmark region.
Kiruna IF
Kiruna IF is an ice hockey club based in Kiruna, Sweden. As of the 2014–15 season, they will play in Hockeyettan (formerly named Division 1), the third level of ice hockey in Sweden. Their home arena is the Lombiahallen.

The club was founded in 1988 as Team Kiruna IF, a merger of the hockey departments of Kiruna AIF and IFK Kiruna. They made their debut playing in Division 1 when it was the second tier of Swedish hockey. Following the 2002–03 season, the club voluntarily withdrew from the second-tier league Allsvenskan due to financial problems. They have competed in the third-level league Hockeyettan (formerly named Division 1) since the 2003–04 season.

In June 2014, Kiruna IF announced that they would play the 2014–15 season with rainbow-coloured match jerseys to support the LGBT community, becoming the first LGBT-certified sports club in Sweden.

Kiruna
Kiruna (Swedish: [ˈkǐːrʉna]; Northern Sami: Giron [ˈkiron]; Finnish: Kiiruna [ˈkiːrunɑ]; Meänkieli: Kieruna) is the northernmost city in Sweden, situated in the province of Lapland. It had 17,002 inhabitants in 2016 and is the seat of Kiruna Municipality (population: 23,167 in 2016) in Norrbotten County. The city was originally built in the 1890s to serve the Kiruna Mine.

The Esrange Space Center was established in Kiruna in the 1960s. Also in Kiruna are the Institute of Space Physics and Luleå University of Technology's Department of Space Science.
Garrison, Minnesota
Garrison is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States, along Mille Lacs Lake. As of the 2020 census, Garrison had a population of 194. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area. U.S. Highway 169 and Minnesota State Highway 18 are the main routes in the community.

Brainerd micropolitan area
The Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Cass County and Crow Wing County in Northern Minnesota, anchored by the city of Brainerd. As of July 1, 2022 estimate placed the population at 99,222.
Kamaryn
Kamaryn (Belarusian: Камарын; Russian: Комарин, romanized: Komarin) is an urban-type settlement in Brahin District, Gomel Region, Belarus. It is located near the town of Pripyat in Ukraine. As of 2025, it has a population of 2,022. It is the center of the Kamaryn rural council.

Brahin district
Brahin district or Bragin district (Belarusian: Брагінскі раён, romanized: Brahinski rajon; Russian: Брагинский район) is a district (raion) of Gomel region in Belarus. Its administrative seat is the town of Brahin. As of 2024, it has a population of 11,726.
Nigerian braille
Several braille alphabets are used in Nigeria. For English, Unified English Braille has been adopted. Three other languages have been written in braille: Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. All three alphabets are based on English readings, with the addition of letter's particular to these languages.  Punctuation is as in English Braille.

The letters of these languages beyond the basic Latin alphabet are as follows:

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Reflectron
A reflectron (mass reflectron) is a type of time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF MS) that comprises a pulsed ion source, field-free region,  ion mirror, and ion detector and uses a static or time dependent electric field in the ion mirror to reverse the direction of travel of the ions entering it.  Using the reflectron, one can substantially diminish a spread of flight times of the ions with the same mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) caused by spread in kinetic energy of these ions measured at the exit from the ion source.

Time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) is a method of mass spectrometry in which an ion's mass-to-charge ratio is determined by a time of flight measurement. Ions are accelerated by an electric field of known strength. This acceleration results in an ion having the same kinetic energy as any other ion that has the same charge. The velocity of the ion depends on the mass-to-charge ratio (heavier ions of the same charge reach lower speeds, although ions with higher charge will also increase in velocity). The time that it subsequently takes for the ion to reach a detector at a known distance is measured. This time will depend on the velocity of the ion, and therefore is a measure of its mass-to-charge ratio. From this ratio and known experimental parameters, one can identify the ion.
Delovoy Tsentr (Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line)
Delovoy Tsentr (Russian: Деловой Центр) is an unused station of the Moscow Metro. The station opened on 26 February 2018 as one of five initial stations on the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line. However, the station was closed in 2024 and is planned to be reopened as a part of the Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line in 2026.

Delovoy Tsentr was the terminus for a spur off the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line that included Shelepikha station. A future line, the Rublyovo–Arkhangelskaya line, which is planned to open in 2026, is expected to ultimately incorporate these stations.

The station is within the Moscow International Business Center and takes its name from the complex.

Moscow International Business Center
The Moscow International Business Center (MIBC), also known as Moscow-City, is an under-construction commercial development in Moscow, the capital of Russia. The project occupies an area of 60 hectares, and is located just east of the Third Ring Road at the western edge of the Presnensky District in the Central Administrative Okrug. Construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya Embankment of the Moskva River, approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) west of Red Square.

The complex is home to the highest numbers of skyscrapers in Europe. The Government of Moscow first conceived the project in 1992, as a mixed development of office, residential, retail and entertainment facilities. An estimated 250,000 – 300,000 people will be working in, living in, or visiting the complex at any given time. By 2016, twelve of the twenty-three planned facilities of the MIBC were already built; seven buildings were under construction; and four were in the design stage.
Rádio Nacional
Rádio Nacional (National Radio) is a Brazilian radio network belonging to the government-owned corporation EBC (Empresa Brasil de Comunicação, Brazil Communication Company), formerly known as Radiobrás.

FM extended band in Brazil
In Brazil, the FM extended band (Portuguese: faixa estendida), abbreviated eFM, refers to the extension of the FM broadcast band between 76.1 and 87.3 MHz, beyond the conventional band of 87.5 to 108 MHz that was previously used. The reclaimed spectrum was previously used to broadcast analog television channels 5 and 6 before the country's digital television transition. The first eFM stations began broadcasting on 7 May 2021, and the spectrum is being used as part of a plan to migrate AM stations to the FM band.
Inclination (novella)
"Inclination" is a science fiction novella by American writer William Shunn.  It appeared in the April/May 2006 issue of Asimov's Science Fiction.  It was nominated for both the Hugo and Nebula awards in 2007.

The story concerns a young stevedore named Jude who lives on a giant space station in the far future. Jude belongs to a small religious sect that eschews advanced technology, a belief that comes into conflict with practicality when advancement at work depends on biomodifications.

"Inclination" is part of Shunn's "Netherview Station" story series, which also includes "The Practical Ramifications of Interstellar Packet Loss" and "Dance of the Yellow-Breasted Luddites."

The text is available online at Asimov's.

Dance of the Yellow-Breasted Luddites
"Dance of the Yellow-Breasted Luddites" is a science fiction novelette by William Shunn.  It appeared in the original anthology Vanishing Acts, edited by Ellen Datlow and published by Tor Books in 2000.  It was nominated for the 2001 Nebula Award for Best Novelette.
Bekasi Timur railway station
Bekasi Timur Station (BKST, also known as Ampera Station or Bulak Kapal Station) is a class III railway station located in Duren Jaya, East Bekasi, Bekasi, West Java. The station, which is located at an altitude of +19 meters, is included in the Jakarta Operational Area I and only serves the KRL Commuterline route.

Cikarang railway station
Cikarang Station (CKR) is a railway station located at Karangasih, North Cikarang, West Java in Indonesia, serving the town of Cikarang. Previously the station was only served by regional train services between West Java and Jakarta. It is included in the service area of Jakarta metro commuter rail since October 2017.

At present the station serves as the terminal stop for Jakarta metro commuter rail Blue Line. Regional train services such as Jatiluhur (runs between these station and Cikampek) and Walahar Express (Cikarang to Purwakarta) continue to serve this station. On the other hand, Manggarai–Cikarang doubled-double track (DDT) project was expected to be completed in 2020. Cikarang Station is located east of Cikarang river. A market also stands behind the station building.
Billy Tjampitjinpa Kenda
Billy Tjampitjinpa Kenda or Billy Kenda (born c. 1967) is an Australian Pitjantjatjara and Luritja artist, with a disability, who works with Bindi Mwerre Anthurre Artists based in Alice Springs (Mparntwe).

Bindi Mwerre Anthurre Artists
Bindi Mwerre Anthurre Artists, or Mwerre Anthurre, is an Aboriginal art centre based in Alice Springs (Mparntwe). It was established in 2000 to encourage, nurture and support Aboriginal artists with disabilities and the organisation focuses on empowerment through art.

Artists working with Mwerre Anthurre come from around Central Australia but most live in Alice Springs, often due to the need to access appropriate medical services, and the painting process allows them to express themselves and their connection to their home country.

The Bindi Mwerre Anthurre Artists Art Centre is a member of Desart, the peak Aboriginal arts body for art centres in central Australia. The artists are also members of Viscopy, an artists' copyright agency, and the centre is a member of the Indigenous Art Code which fosters best practice and promotes ethical trading in Indigenous Australian art.
The Trilogie – Three Journeyes Through the Norwegian Netherworlde
The Trilogie – Three Journeyes Through the Norwegian Netherworlde, sometimes shortened to The Trilogie, is a box set of albums by Norwegian black metal band Ulver, issued in 1997 via Century Media. Limited to 1000 copies, the set collects together Ulver's first three full-length albums, Bergtatt, Kveldssanger and Nattens madrigal in LP Picture Disc format, housed in a cardboard box, with a booklet & bonus posters. The set commemorates Ulver's black metal phase, before shifting styles dramatically into more ambient, electronic, and experimental music.

Nattens madrigal
Nattens Madrigal – Aatte Hymne Til Ulven I Manden (translated as "Madrigal of the Night – Eight Hymns to the Wolf in Man") is the third studio album by Norwegian band Ulver, issued on 3 March 1997 via Century Media Records. Composed and arranged during the first half of 1995, Nattens is a concept album about wolves, the night, the moon, and the dark side of mankind.
Imperial Government
The name imperial government (German: Reichsregiment) denotes two organs, created in 1500 and 1521, in the  Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation to enable a unified political leadership, with input from the Princes.  Both were composed of the emperor or his deputy and 20 — later 22 — representatives of the Imperial States and in both cases, the imperial city of Nuremberg was the seat of government.  The creation of a functional imperial government was the central plank of the Imperial Reform the princes attempted in the early 16th Century.  Both attempts failed after a short time, due to the resistance of the Emperor and the divergent interests of princes.

Imperial Reform
Imperial Reform (Latin: Reformatio imperii, German: Reichsreform) is the name given to repeated attempts in the 15th and 16th centuries to adapt the structure and the constitutional order (Verfassungsordnung) of the Holy Roman Empire to the requirements of the early modern state and to give it a unified government under either the Imperial Estates or the emperor's supremacy.
Nova BH
Nova BH is a Bosnian commercial television channel launched on 9 October 2018. From 2003 to 2018, this national commercial station formerly was known as Pink BH. Since October 2018, Nova BH is a member of the United Media portfolio, the leading media platform in South East Europe. Headquarters is located in Sarajevo and Nova BH also has offices and studios in Banja Luka.

Pink Media Group
Pink Media Group, formerly known as Pink International Company, is a Serbian mass media company headquartered in Belgrade.

The company is run and owned by Željko Mitrović, and operates a various companies including: Pink TV, Red TV, Rock Radio, City Records (record label), Apollon (video streaming service), and PFI Studios (film production studio), Odeon Theatre, and PR-DC (aerospace R&D center).
University of Wolverhampton
The University of Wolverhampton is a public university in Wolverhampton, England, located on four campuses across the West Midlands, Shropshire and Staffordshire. Originally founded in 1827 as the Wolverhampton Tradesmen's and Mechanics' Institute, the university was subject to a series of merges,  incorporations, and expansions with other local colleges, one of which occurred under the supervision of Prince George, Duke of Kent.

The university has four faculties comprising eighteen schools and institutes. It has 18,875 students and currently offers over 380 undergraduate and postgraduate courses. The city campus is located in Wolverhampton city centre, with secondary campuses at Springfield, Walsall, and Telford. There is an additional fifth campus in Wolverhampton at the University of Wolverhampton Science Park.

Charles Wheeler (sculptor)
For the Australian painter see: Charles Wheeler (painter)

Sir Charles Thomas Wheeler KCVO CBE PRA (14 March 1892 – 22 August 1974) was a British sculptor who worked in bronze and stone who became the first sculptor to hold the presidency of the Royal Academy, from 1956 until 1966.
Salabat Jung
Salabat Jung, born as Mir Sa'id Muhammad Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi on 24 November 1718, was the fourth Nizam of Hyderabad State. He was the third son of Asaf Jah I.

During the Second Carnatic War he was a prisoner, first in Nasir Jung's camp and later in Muzaffar Jung's camp. After Muzaffar Jung (his nephew) was killed by the Afghans on 13 February 1751, Mir Sa'id Muhammad Khan was proclaimed as the new Nizam near Lakkireddipalli Pass, by the French under Marquis de Bussy with the title Asaf-ad-Daulah, Nawab Said Muhammad Khan Bahadur, Salabat Jung, Zafar Jung, Nawab Subahdar of the Deccan. He was promoted to the title of Amir-ul-Mamalik by the Emperor Alamgir II. He was the ruler of the Hyderabad State in India from 1751 until 1762.

The Khilwath Palace of Hyderabad was built under his direction.

Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau
Charles Joseph Patissier, Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau (8 February 1718 or 8 February 1720 – 7 January 1785) or Charles Joseph Patissier de Bussy was the Governor General of the French colony of Pondicherry from 1783 to 1785. He served with distinction under Joseph François Dupleix in the East Indies, receiving the Order of Saint Louis. He contributed to the recovery from Britain of Pondicherry in 1748, and was named in 1782 to lead all French military forces beyond the Cape of Good Hope. He coordinated his operations with Pierre André de Suffren and fought against the British during the Indian campaigns of the American War of Independence.
Broken Group
The Broken Group is a group of small islands and islets in the middle of Barkley Sound on the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It is protected as the Broken Islands Group Unit of the Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, which includes Long Beach, between Ucluelet and Tofino to Barkley Sound's northwest, and the West Coast Trail between Port Renfrew and Bamfield, to the southeast. The group, which lies between Imperial Eagle and Loudon Channels, includes the Brabant Islands and Hand Island, but not Pinkerton Islands. The southernmost of the group is Cree Island; the easternmost is Reeks Island. Benson Island, on the northwest corner of the Broken Group, is an important cultural site for the Tseshaht First Nation.

Benson Island, British Columbia
Benson Island, known to the Tseshaht First Nation people as C'isaa (Ćišaa?atḥ) or Ts'ishaa (Ts'isha?atH), is part of the Broken Group in Barkley Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. It is notable because the Tseshaht First Nation recognize it as the creation site where the first man and first woman of the Tseshaht people came into this world.
Craven Herald & Pioneer
The Craven Herald & Pioneer is a weekly newspaper covering the Craven area of North Yorkshire as well as part of the Pendle area of Lancashire.  Until 29 October 2009 it remained one of only two weekly papers in the United Kingdom that continued to have a front page consisting wholly of advertisements.  On 22 October 2009 it was announced that the edition on 29 October 2009 would be the last broadsheet edition with adverts on the front cover.  From 5 November 2009 the format was changed to a tabloid size, or compact as the then-editor described it, with news on page one and the adverts moved to page two.

Craven District
Craven was a non-metropolitan district in the west of North Yorkshire, England, centred on the market town of Skipton. The name Craven is much older than the modern district and encompassed a larger area. This history is also reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, such as by the Church of England.

From 1974 until 2023, the name Craven was used for a separate local government district, formed originally as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District; all were historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1 April 2023, the area has formed part of the new North Yorkshire Council unitary authority. The population of the Local Authority area at the 2011 Census was 55,409; it comprised the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Signature (topology)
In the field of topology, the signature is an integer invariant which is defined for an oriented manifold M of dimension divisible by four.

This invariant of a manifold has been studied in detail, starting with  Rokhlin's theorem for 4-manifolds, and Hirzebruch signature theorem.

Genus of a multiplicative sequence
In mathematics, a genus of a multiplicative sequence is a ring homomorphism from the ring of smooth compact manifolds up to the equivalence of bounding a smooth manifold with boundary (i.e., up to suitable cobordism) to another ring, usually the rational numbers, having the property that they are constructed from a sequence of polynomials in characteristic classes that arise as coefficients in formal power series with good multiplicative properties.
Simon van der Stel
Simon van der Stel (14 October 1639 – 24 June 1712) was the first Governor of the Dutch Cape Colony (1691), the settlement at the Cape of Good Hope. He was interested in botany, establishing vineyards Groot and Klein Constantia, and producing a famous dessert wine. He is considered one of the founders of South African viticulture.

Hendrik van Rheede
Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot Drakenstein (13 April 1636 – 15 December 1691) was a Dutch military officer and colonial administrator of the Dutch East India Company.  Between 1669 and 1676 he served as a governor of Dutch Malabar at Kochi and employed twenty-five people on his book Hortus Malabaricus, describing 740 plants in the region. As Lord of Mydrecht, he also played a role in the governance of the Cape colonies. Many plants such as the vine Entada rheedei are named for him. The standard author abbreviation Rheede is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.