hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Renaelva
The Rena  or Renaelva is a river in Innlandet county, Norway. The 165-kilometre (103 mi) long river runs through Rendalen Municipality and Åmot Municipality in Innlandet county. This river is a tributary of the large river Glomma. Kjøllsæter Bridge connects the east and west side of the river. The 30-kilometre (19 mi) river Julussa flows from south through the Julussdalen valley and into the river Rena.

The Rena watershed has a drainage area of 3,967 square kilometres (1,532 sq mi). The river begins at the confluence of the rivers Tysla and Unsetåa which is just south of the Fonnåsfjellet mountain and just north of the village of Bergset. The river flows south through the lakes Lomnessjøen and Storsjøen and when the river reaches the village of Rena, just flows into the large river Glomma.

A tunnel has been built to transport part of the water from the upper Glomma river into the Rena river in order to optimize the production of electricity by nearby power plants.

Bergset
Bergset is the administrative centre of Rendalen Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the western shore of the river Renaelva, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the village of Otnes in the largely rural Østerdalen valley.

The 0.99-square-kilometre (240-acre) village had a population (2012) of 243 and a population density of 245 inhabitants per square kilometre (630/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.
Concerto DSCH
Concerto DSCH is a ballet by Alexei Ratmansky choreographed for the New York City Ballet to the music of
Dmitri Shostakovich's Piano Concerto No. 2 in F Major, Op. 102 (1957). The premiere took place on Thursday, May 29, 2008, at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center.  The ballet's title derives from the composer's use of DSCH, his musical monogram. Wendy Whelan, one of the creators of the ballet, performed the second movement of the ballet at her farewell performance.

Joaquín De Luz
Joaquín De Luz  (born 1976, Madrid, Spain) is a Spanish ballet dancer. He was formerly with the American Ballet Theatre (ABT), and a principal dancer with the New York City Ballet (NYCB). He is currently director of Spanish National Dance Company.
Serra da Chela
The Serra da Chela is a mountain range in south-central Angola. The mountains, rising to 2,306 meters (7,566 ft) above the coastal plains, are among the highest in the country. It forms part of the Great Escarpment of southern Africa, separating the Huíla Plateau of the interior from the low-lying coastal Namib Desert.

To its west there are some inselbergs, remnants of the plateau from a time when it was more extensive. The range is impassable in many places, but the escarpment may be accessed by the road running east from Capangombe to Humpata on the plateau.

The range was formed approximately 200 million years ago, when the supercontinent Pangaea broke up. What is now the Serra da Chela range was on the edge of one of the tectonic plates where Africa connected to South America, and rose slowly upward as the Atlantic Ocean formed between the separating plates.

Great Escarpment, Southern Africa
The Great Escarpment is a major topographical feature in Africa that consists of steep slopes from the high central Southern African plateau downward in the direction of the oceans that surround southern Africa on three sides. While it lies predominantly within the borders of South Africa, in the east the escarpment extends northward to form the border between Mozambique and Zimbabwe, continuing on beyond the Zambezi river valley to form the Muchinga Escarpment in eastern Zambia. In the west, it extends northward into Namibia and Angola. It is the combination of this escarpment and the aridity of Southern Africa that leads to the lack of navigable rivers in South Africa.

Different names are applied to different stretches of the Great Escarpment, the most well-known section being the Drakensberg (diagram on the right). The Schwarzrand and edge of the Khomas Highland in Namibia, as well as the Serra da Chela in Angola, are also well-known names.
Pelayo Rodríguez (bishop)
Pelayo Rodríguez (fl. 948–1007) was the Bishop of Iria Flavia (977–985). He was a son of the powerful magnate Rodrigo Velázquez and his wife Adosinda and is usually associated with the conflicts surrounding the accession of Vermudo II after a Galician rebellion in 982.

Rodrigo Velázquez
Rodrigo Velázquez (died 977/78) was an important magnate of Galicia during the reigns of Ramiro II, Ordoño III, Sancho I, and Ramiro III. He used the title dux (duke), the highest in Galicia at the time, and he even treated diplomatically with the Caliphate of Córdoba. He has been implicated in factional fighting over the succession to the Leonese throne, but the major battle of his career was part of a private aristocratic feud.
Geoinformatics
Geoinformatics is a scientific field primarily within the domains of Computer Science and technical geography. It focuses on the programming of applications, spatial data structures, and the analysis of objects and space-time phenomena related to the surface and underneath of Earth and other celestial bodies. The field develops software and web services to model and analyse spatial data, serving the needs of geosciences and related scientific and engineering disciplines. The term is often used interchangeably with Geomatics, although they are not exactly same. The field of geomatics is a comprehensive discipline encompassing both geodesy and geoinformatics, thus offering a more extensive scope.

Earth science
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres: the biosphere, hydrosphere/cryosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere (or lithosphere). Earth science can be considered to be a branch of planetary science but with a much older history.
Border Corridor Wildlife Refuge
Border Corridor Wildlife Refuge (Spanish: Refugio de Vida Silvestre Corredor Fronterizo) is a wildlife refuge, running through Guanacaste, Arenal Huetar Norte and Tortuguero Conservation Areas, in the northern part of Costa Rica running as a 2,000 metre wide strip of land along the border with Nicaragua.

It was created in 1994 by decree 22962-MIRENEM, and there are no public facilities specifically for this refuge. The refuge contains a number of research programs of varying disciplines.

This refuge is partially disturbed but includes beaches, dry forests, wetlands, moist forests and coastal lagoons.

Guanacaste Conservation Area
Guanacaste Conservation Area is an administrative area which is managed by the Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion (SINAC) of Costa Rica for conservation in the northwestern part of Costa Rica. It contains three national parks, as well as wildlife refuges and other nature reserves. The area contains the Area de Conservación Guanacaste World Heritage Site, which comprises four areas.
Gilles Street
Gilles Street is a thoroughfare in the south-eastern sector of the centre of Adelaide, South Australia. It runs east–west between East Terrace and King William Street, crossing Hutt Street and Pulteney Street.  Gilles Street Primary School and  Pulteney Grammar School front the street.

Pulteney Street
Pulteney Street is a main road which runs north-south through the middle of the eastern half of the Adelaide city centre, in Adelaide, South Australia. It runs north-south from North Terrace, through Hindmarsh and Hurtle Squares, to South Terrace, where it becomes Unley Road. It is the only one of the city centre's major north-south thoroughfares that does not continue northwards over North Terrace.
Kim Strauss
Kim Strauss is an American voice actor and best-selling author with his children's books Kalan the Mighty Warrior: Book One and Braxus the Owl: Guardian of the Forest. He was the voice of Ninjor in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.

Power Rangers Lost Galaxy
Power Rangers Lost Galaxy is a tokusatsu television series and the sixth entry of the Power Rangers franchise, based on the 22nd Super Sentai series Seijuu Sentai Gingaman. The series was the first to follow the Sentai tradition of a new cast with each new series with minimal costume and prop elements being recycled from Denji Sentai Megaranger.

Kendrix Morgan (Valerie Vernon), the first Pink Galaxy Ranger for this series, was briefly killed off two-thirds through the season, marking the first time that a Ranger was killed off in the series. Kendrix was temporarily  written out of the show as Vernon had temporarily departed to seek treatment for leukemia. Her treatment was successful and she returned for the season finale.
Louis Brière de l'Isle
Louis Alexandre Esprit Gaston Brière de l'Isle (24 June 1827 – 19 June 1896) was a French Army general who achieved distinction firstly as Governor of Senegal (1876–81), and then as general-in-chief of the Tonkin Expeditionary Corps during the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885).

Liu Yongfu
Liu Yongfu (traditional Chinese: 劉永福; ; pinyin: Liú Yǒngfú; Wade–Giles: Liu2 Yung3-fu2; Vietnamese: Lưu Vĩnh Phúc) (10 October 1837 – 9 January 1917) was a Chinese warlord, second president of the Republic of Formosa and commander of the celebrated Black Flag Army. Liu won fame as a Chinese patriot fighting against the French Empire in northern Vietnam (Tonkin) in the 1870s and early 1880s. During the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885), he established a close friendship with the Chinese statesman and general Tang Jingsong, and in 1895, he helped Tang organise resistance to the Japanese invasion of Taiwan. He succeeded Tang as the second and last president of the short-lived Republic of Formosa (5 June–21 October 1895).
Kneeling Camels
Kneeling Camels is a public art work by Paul Moulon located at front entrance of the Tripoli Shrine Temple, a civic organization in the Concordia neighborhood west of downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The work consists of two large camels carved from stone. The two sculptures were installed in 1928 at a cost of $10,000.

Tripoli Shrine Temple
The Tripoli Shrine Temple is a Shriners temple built 1926-28 in the Concordia neighborhood of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The building's design incorporates Moorish and Indian elements, somewhat resembling the Taj Mahal in India, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Tripoli Temple.  It is not a religious building.
Nieuwe Herengracht
The Nieuwe Herengracht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌniu.ə ˈɦeːrə(ŋ)ˌɣrɑxt]) is a canal in Centrum district of Amsterdam.
The canal is an extension of the Herengracht that runs between the Amstel and the Scharrebiersluis (lock) leading to the Schippersgracht from the Entrepotdok.
It is in the Plantage neighborhood in the eastern part of the Grachtengordel (canal belt).

Entrepotdok
The Entrepotdok (Warehouse Dock), formerly Nieuwe Rapenburgergracht, is a canal in Amsterdam, and a street and row of former warehouses with the same name along the northeast side of the canal. They were constructed between 1708 and 1829, used for storage, squatted in the 1990s and are now converted into apartments. Entrepotdok is the largest inhabited warehouse complex in Amsterdam. The canal runs between the Kadijksplein and Sarphatistraat, and is parallel to Hoogte Kadijk, Laagte Kadijk, Plantage Doklaan and Natura Artis Magistra zoo.
Phil Morrison (director)
Phil Morrison is an American film director best known for the Academy Award-nominated feature film Junebug (2005), which was also his debut.

In 2006, Morrison directed the "Get a Mac" advertising campaign for Apple Inc. In 2011, he directed an episode of Enlightened.

His second film, in 2013, was All Is Bright.

In 2019, it was announced that Morrison was to direct Satan Is Real, a biopic about the Louvin Brothers, starring Ethan Hawke and Alessandro Nivola.

Get a Mac
"Get a Mac" was a television advertising campaign created for Apple Inc. (Apple Computer, Inc. at the start of the campaign) by TBWA\Media Arts Lab, the company's advertising agency, that ran from 2006 to 2009. The advertising campaign ran in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany.
Nedstrand
Nedstrand (locally, Stranda) is a village in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is on the Nedstrand peninsula's southeast coast, at the confluence of the Nedstrandsfjorden and Vindafjorden. The village of Hindaråvåg and the Nedstrand Church both lie just west of Nedstrand.

The 0.37-square-kilometre (91-acre) village has a population (2025) of 271 and a population density of 732 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,900/sq mi).

The village is a regular ferry stop on routes to the Sjernarøyane islands (across the Nedstrandsfjorden) and to the village of Hebnes (across the Vindafjorden in Suldal Municipality). Both of those stops have other connections all over the region.

Nedstrand Church
Nedstrand Church (Nynorsk: Nedstrand kyrkje; historic: Hindaraa kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Tysvær Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hindaråvåg. It is one of the two churches for the Nedstrand parish which is part of the Haugaland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1868 using designs by the architects Conrad Fredrik von der Lippe and Hans Linstow. The church seats about 480 people.
Northfield Town F.C.
Northfield Town Football Club & Northfield Town Foundation are amateur grassroots football clubs based in the Northfield area in the South of the City of Birmingham, England. The senior first team play in the Midland League Division Two.

The club has junior boys and girls teams, an U18 floodlit team, two open age teams, and two veterans teams playing in various competitions.

Midland Football Combination
The Midland Football Combination was an English football league covering parts of the West Midlands. It comprised five divisions, a Premier Division, Divisions One and Two and two Reserves Divisions. The league was one of three official feeder leagues to the Midland Football Alliance.

Prior to 2006, the Premier Division was defined as step 7 in the National League System, even though it fed into the step 5 Midland Alliance. In 2006, it was re-graded as step 6, making teams in the top two divisions eligible to take part in the FA Vase and teams in the top division eligible to enter the FA Cup. The league merged with the Midland Football Alliance in 2014 to form the new Midland Football League.
Constitutional Democratic Party (Italy)
The Constitutional Democratic Party (Italian: Partito Democratico Costituzionale, PDC) was a social-liberal political party in Italy.

The party emerged in 1913 from the left-wing of the dominant Liberals, of which it continued to be a government coalition partner. In the 1913 general election the party, which was rooted in Southern Italy while in the North it often presented joint candidates with the Liberals, won 4.8% of the vote and 40 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. In 1919 the PDC was merged with other liberal parties and groupings in the Social Democracy, that gained 10.9% and 60 seats in the 1919 general election, while other Democrats joined Liberal–Radical joint lists.

Social Democracy (Italy, 1922)
The Social Democracy party (Italian: Democrazia Sociale, DS), also known as Italian Social Democratic Party (Italian: Partito Democratico Sociale Italiano), and in 1919 Democratic Party (Italian: Partito Democratico), was a radical and social-liberal political party in Italy.
Counties 1 Middlesex
Counties 1 Middlesex (formerly Middlesex 1) is a level 7 Rugby Union league with teams from north-west London taking part. Historically, the league was a level 10 completion, and the division was cancelled at the end of the 1995–96 campaign after nine seasons due to the merger of the Hertfordshire and Middlesex regional leagues. After nearly twenty years, ahead of the 2025–26 season, the league was re-formed following the decision to have mostly Hertfordshire teams in Counties 1 Hertfordshire. Promoted teams typically move up to Regional 2 Thames and relegated sides go down to Counties 2 Middlesex.

Regional 2 Thames
Regional 2 Thames is an English level 6 rugby union regional league for rugby clubs in London and the south-east of England including sides from  Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Greater London, Hertfordshire, Middlesex and Surrey. It was created following the 2022 Adult Competition Review by the Rugby Football Union (RFU). London Scottish Lions are the 2024–25 champions.
Military mark time
Marking time is a military step in which soldiers march in place, moving their legs as in marching, but without stepping forward.

The military drill command is "Mark Time!”  to change from standing at attention to 'Marking Time' or to change from marching at 'Quick Time' to 'Marking Time'.  The resulting action is to march in the same place, not to move in any direction. Also used during Color Guard maneuvers to make minor adjustments in a single file presentation of the colors.

The term can also be used to refer to doing a minor job or task while waiting for an opportunity to arise, thus the casual usage in slang as describing motion without progress – not getting anywhere.  As with other military jargon it entered civilian use when a large portion of the population had military experience and understood the context.

Drill commands
Drill commands are generally used with a group that is marching, most often in military foot drills or in a marching band. Drill commands are usually heard in major events involving service personnel, reservists and veterans of a country's armed forces, and by extension, public security services and youth uniformed organizations.
Poorjangi, Zahedan
Poorjangi, Zahedan (Persian: پورجنگی) is a village in Nosratabad Rural District (Sistan and Baluchestan Province), in the Mirjaveh of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 46, in 9 families.

Nosratabad Rural District (Zahedan County)
Nosratabad Rural District (Persian: دهستان نصرت‌آباد) is in Nosratabad District of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Shahrak-e Hesaruiyeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Nosratabad, now a city.
Minister of Higher Education (Malaysia)
The current Malaysian Minister of Higher Education has been Zambry Abdul Kadir since 12 December 2023. The minister is deputised by the Deputy Minister of Higher Education, Adam Ali Abd Halim, since 17 December 2025. The minister administers the portfolio through the Ministry of Higher Education.

Ministry of Higher Education (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE; Malay: Kementerian Pendidikan Tinggi; Jawi: کمنترين ڤنديديقن تيڠݢي ‎) is a ministry of the Government of Malaysia that is responsible for higher education, polytechnic, community college, student loan, accreditation, student volunteer. Its main office is in Putrajaya. The ministry was formed on 27 March 2004, merged back into the Ministry of Education on 14 May 2013, but then reformed on 28 July 2015. After the 2018 general election, the ministry became a higher education division under the MOE. In the Muhyiddin cabinet, the higher education division was separated again from the Ministry of Education to form as a new ministry since 10 March 2020.
Hochtor
Hochtor, at 2,369 m (7,772 ft), is the highest mountain in the Ennstaler Alps, part of the Northern Limestone Alps, in Styria, Austria.

The mountain is protected as part of Gesäuse National Park, the third largest in Austria.

Ennstal Alps
The Ennstal Alps (German Ennstaler Alpen), the Alps of the Enns valley, are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps System. They are located primarily in the Austrian state of Styria, and also into the state of Upper Austria.

The most famous scenery in the Ennstal Alps is the Gesäuse, a valley where the Enns river cuts through the limestone.
Chief Coastguard
In many territories and countries worldwide the Chief Coastguard is the highest-ranking officer of the Coastguard Service. Chief Coastguards are responsible for the policy, planning and execution of a Coastguard Service. In some countries this means that the Chief Coastguard is de facto Chief Executive officer of the Coastguard Service, although more commonly the Chief Coastguard reports to a government minister or executive agency, board or committee.

Coast guard
A coast guard or coastguard is a maritime security organization of a particular country. The term embraces wide range of responsibilities in different countries, from being a heavily armed military force with customs and security duties to being a volunteer organization tasked with search and rescue without law enforcement authority. In most countries, a typical coast guard's functions are distinct from those of the navy (a military branch) and the transit police (a law enforcement agency), while in certain countries they have similarities to both.
Ulmus americana 'Nigricans'
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Nigricans' Dieck was cloned from a selection made from seedlings raised by the Zöschener Baumschule, Zöschen, Germany, and listed by Georg Dieck with a brief description in Haupt-catalog der Obst- und gehölzbaumschulen des ritterguts Zöschen bei Merseburg, 1885.

An 'American Black Elm', "a variety of Ulmus americana of more erect habit", was marketed by Trumbull and Beebe's nursery, San Francisco, in the 1890s, along with a batch of other European elm cultivars.

Ulmus americana
Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America. The trees can live for several hundred years. It is a very hardy species that can withstand low winter temperatures.  The American elm was once exceptionally common as a street tree, its tolerance of urban conditions making it a popular choice to line American streets in the 19th and early 20th centuries.  The coming of beetles bearing Dutch elm disease devastated the American elm population, starting in the 1920s.  The species still holds out in some locations, but is also no longer nearly as common as during its height.

The wood was seldom utilized until the advent of mechanical sawing. It is the state tree of Massachusetts and North Dakota.
May 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 17—Eastern Orthodox Church calendar—May 19

All fixed commemorations below are celebrated on May 31 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 18th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 5.

May 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 18 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 20

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 1 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 19th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 6.
Buddhavaṃsa
The Buddhavaṃsa (also known as the Chronicle of Buddhas) is a hagiographical Buddhist text which describes the life of Gautama Buddha and of the twenty-four Buddhas who preceded him and prophesied his attainment of Buddhahood. It is the fourteenth book of the Khuddaka Nikāya, which in turn is the fifth and last division of the Sutta Piṭaka. The Sutta Piṭaka is one of three piṭakas (main sections) which together constitute the Tipiṭaka, or Pāli Canon of Theravāda Buddhism.

Along with the Apadāna and the Cariyāpiṭaka, the Buddhavaṃsa is considered by most scholars to have been written during the 1st and 2nd century BCE, and is therefore a late addition to the Pāli Canon.

Pāramitā
Pāramitā (Sanskrit, Pali: पारमिता) or pāramī (Pāli: पारमी) is a Buddhist term often translated as "perfection". It is described in Buddhist commentaries as a noble character quality generally associated with enlightened beings. Pāramī and pāramitā are both terms in Pali but Pali literature makes greater reference to pāramī, while Mahayana texts generally use the Sanskrit pāramitā.