hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canastota, New York
Canastota is a village within the town of Lenox in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 4,556 at the 2020 census, down from 4,804 in 2010.

The village was incorporated in 1835, but was reorganized in 1870. Located along the banks of the Erie Canal, which was completed through the Mohawk River valley by 1825, Canastota was a vibrant trading and commercial town during the mid-nineteenth century for a wide agricultural area and an important stop between the cities of Rome and Syracuse.

Although the section of the canal running through the village was abandoned by the 1920s, much of the section remains intact and is now part of the Old Erie Canal State Historic Park.

The village of Canastota is in the southern part of the town of Lenox and is the home to the International Boxing Hall of Fame.

Lenox, New York
Lenox is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 8,768 as of the 2020 census.

The town is on the county's northern border and is west of the city of Oneida. The International Boxing Hall of Fame is in the town.
Central Airlines
Central Airlines was a local service carrier, a scheduled passenger airline operating in Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas from 1949 to 1967. It was founded by Keith Kahle in 1944 to operate charter and fixed base services in Oklahoma, but was not granted an air operator's certificate until 1946 and did not begin scheduled flights until September 15,   1949, just before the certificate expired.  Central was then headquartered at Meacham Field in Fort Worth, Texas. The airline was eventually acquired by and merged into the original Frontier Airlines which continued and expanded its network.

Beechcraft Bonanza
The Beechcraft Bonanza is an American general aviation aircraft introduced in 1947 by Beech Aircraft Corporation of Wichita, Kansas. The four-to-six seat, single-engined aircraft has been in continuous production longer than any other aircraft in history. More than 18,000 Bonanzas of all variants, and over 6,000 twin-engined derivatives, have been built. produced in both distinctive V-tail and conventional-tail configurations; early conventional-tail versions were marketed as the Debonair.

In November 2025, Textron Aviation (the later corporate owner of Beechcraft) announced that the Bonanza and the Beechcraft Baron were ceasing production once the final backlog of orders was filled.  Textron assured existing owners that parts, maintenance, and support for the Bonanza will continue to be provided.
William Frederick DesBarres
William Frederick DesBarres (1800 – June 1885) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Guysborough County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1836 to 1848 as a Reformer.

He was born in Elysian, Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, the son of John DesBarres. DesBarres studied law with Lewis Morris Wilkins and Hiram Blanchard, was admitted to the Nova Scotia bar in 1822 and set up practice in Guysborough. He married Maria Cutler, the daughter of Robert M. Cutler, in 1825. In 1830, he was named probate judge for Sydney County. DesBarres served in the province's Executive Council as Solicitor General. He was named to the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia in 1848 and served until 1881. DesBarres died in Halifax.

Hiram Blanchard
Hiram Blanchard (January 17, 1820 – December 17, 1874) was a Nova Scotia lawyer, politician, and the first premier of Nova Scotia. Blanchard won election to the Nova Scotia legislative assembly in Inverness in 1859 as a Liberal.
CG 4
CG 4, commonly referred to as God's Hand, is a star-forming region located in the Puppis constellation, about 1,300 light-years (400 pc) from Earth. It is one of several objects referred to as "cometary globules", because its shape is similar to that of a comet. It has a dense head formed of gas and dust, which is around 1.5 ly (0.46 pc) in diameter, and an elongated faint tail around 8 ly (2.5 pc) in length.

CG 4, and the nearby cometary globules, generally point away from the Vela Supernova Remnant, located at the center of the Gum Nebula.

Bok globule
In astronomy, Bok globules are isolated and relatively small dark nebulae containing dense cosmic dust and gas from which star formation may take place. Bok globules are found within H II regions, and typically have a mass of about two to 50 solar masses contained within a region about a light year or so across (about 4.5×1047 m3). They contain molecular hydrogen (H2), carbon oxides and helium, and around 1% (by mass) silicate dust. Bok globules most commonly result in the formation of double- or multiple-star systems.
Daaera
Daaera (transl. Circle) is a 1953 Indian film written and directed by Kamal Amrohi, starring Meena Kumari and Nasir Khan. It was released at Bombay's Naaz cinema. Its story is loosely based on Kamal Amrohi and Meena Kumari's own love story.

Kamal Amrohi
Syed Amir Haider Kamal Naqvi (17 January 1918 – 11 February 1993), popularly known as Kamal Amrohi, was an Indian film director and screenwriter. He was also an Urdu and Hindi poet.

His Hindi films include Mahal (1949), Pakeezah (1972) and Razia Sultan (1983). He established Kamal Pictures (Mahal Films) in 1953 and Kamalistan Studio in Bombay in 1958.
Cwmyoy
Cwmyoy is an extensive rural parish in Monmouthshire, Wales (Welsh: Cwm Iou, for the valley and parish; Welsh: Cwm-iou, for the village). The standard Welsh name is Cwm Iau or Cwm-iau. In the Gwentian dialect of Welsh that was spoken here until the late 1800s, the name was pronounced as Cwm Iou ('ou', also spelt informally 'oi', for standard 'au' is a common feature of south Wales Welsh). The 'English' name is in fact this local dialect form in a more English spelling. The name of the valley probably originates from the Welsh word iau meaning yoke, in reference to the shape of the hill surrounding it.

The village of Cwmyoy is 7 miles (11 km) north of Abergavenny and 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Llanthony in the Vale of Ewyas in the Black Mountains. It is within the Brecon Beacons National Park, in an upland location just below the broad ridge of Hatterrall Hill, which carries the Wales–England border and Offa's Dyke Path.

Hatterrall Hill
Hatterrall Hill (Welsh: Mynydd Y Gader) is a rounded peak in the Black Mountains which sits on the Wales-England border, partly in Monmouthshire, Wales and partly in Herefordshire, England. Its summit at 531m is the high point of a peaty plateau which falls away steeply on all sides.  Broad ridges run to the north, the southeast and southwest.  To the north the ridge (known as Hatterrall Ridge) dips to a col at around 485m elevation before rising gradually over several kilometres towards Crib y Garth / Black Hill and Hay Bluff. The ridge to the southwest ends abruptly at the sheer cliff known as the Darren below which is a considerable landslip area extending south to the hamlet of Cwmyoy with its mis-shapen church. 
The Welsh part of the hill falls within the Brecon Beacons National Park.
Wendell, North Carolina
Wendell (/wɛnˈdɛl/ wen-DEL) is a town in Wake County, North Carolina, United States. It is a satellite town of Raleigh, the state capital. The population was 9,793 at the 2020 census and estimated at 16,845 as of July 2024.

U.S. Route 64 in North Carolina
U.S. Route 64 (US 64) is the longest numbered route in the U.S. state of North Carolina, running 604 miles (972 km) from the Tennessee state line to the Outer Banks. The route passes through the westernmost municipality in the state, Murphy, and one of the most easternmost municipalities, Manteo, making US 64 a symbolic representation of the phrase "from Murphy to Manteo" which is used to refer to the expanse of the state. The highway is a major east–west route through the central and eastern portion of the state.
Nevşehir Province
Nevşehir Province (Turkish: Nevşehir ili) is a province in central Turkey with its capital in Nevşehir. Its area is 5,485 km2, and its population is 317,952 (2024). Its adjacent provinces are Kırşehir to the northwest, Aksaray to the southwest, Niğde to the south, Kayseri to the southeast, and Yozgat to the northeast. Nevşehir includes the area called Cappadocia – a tourist attraction in Turkey. The town of Göreme is also located in Nevşehir. Nevşehir was declared a World Peace City by the United Nations.

Cappadocia once included the area now covered by this province. This province is notable for the fairy chimneys of Göreme, the Ortahisar (middle fortress), and a number of old churches from the Byzantine period.

Haji Bektash Veli Complex
The Haji Bektash Veli Complex (Turkish: Hacıbektaş Külliyesi) is an Alevi religious site located in Hacıbektaş, Nevşehir province. It was built in the 13th century as a teqe (dergâh) of the Sufi saint Haji Bektash Veli. After his death, his mausoleum was built here.

Before the secularization of Turkey in 1925, the complex was home to the pir evi ("pir's house") of Haji Bektash Veli, which served as the international headquarters of the Bektashi Order.
Forsythia viridissima
Forsythia viridissima, variously called the Chinese golden bell tree, green-stemmed forsythia, greenstem forsythia,  and Korean forsythia, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Forsythia, native to southern China and South Korea, and introduced to Japan and the United States. It flowers about two weeks later than other forsythias. It may be of hybrid origin and is believed to be one of the parents of Forsythia × intermedia.

Forsythia
Forsythia /fɔːrˈsɪθiə/, /fɔːrˈsaɪθiə/ is a genus of flowering plants in the olive family Oleaceae. There are about 11 species, mostly native to Eastern Asia, but one native to Southeastern Europe. Forsythia – also one of the plant's common names – is named after the botanist William Forsyth.
The Cay (film)
The Cay is a 1974 American adventure television film directed by Patrick Garland and written by Russell Thacher, based on the 1969 novel by Theodore Taylor. It stars James Earl Jones, Alfred Lutter, and Gretchen Corbett, and premiered on NBC on October 21, 1974.

The Cay
The Cay is a young adult novel written by Theodore Taylor. It was published in 1969.

Taylor took only three weeks to write The Cay, having contemplated the story for over a decade after reading about an 11-year-old who was aboard the Dutch ship “Hato” when it was torpedoed in 1942, and who was last seen by other stranded survivors as he drifted away on a life raft. The novel was published in 1969 and was dedicated to Martin Luther King Jr.
YFD-2
YFD-2 (Yard Floating Dock-2, USS YFD-2) was an auxiliary floating drydock built for the United States Navy in 1901. The first parts were laid down in early 1901 at Maryland Steel Co. of Sparrows Point, Maryland. YFD-2 was the first of its kind, steel movable auxiliary floating drydock, used to raise large ships out the water for repair below the ship's waterline. YFD-2 had a 18,000 tons lifting capacity.

Auxiliary floating drydock
An auxiliary floating drydock is a type of US Navy auxiliary floating dry dock. Floating dry docks are able to submerge underwater and to be placed under a ship in need of repair below the water line. Water is then pumped out of the floating dry dock, raising the ship out of the water. The ship becomes blocked on the deck of the floating dry dock for repair. Most floating dry docks have no engine and are towed by tugboats to their destinations. Floating dry docks come in different sizes to accommodate varying ship sizes, while large floating dry docks come in sections and can be combined to increase their size and lift power. Ballast pontoon tanks are flooded with water to submerge or pumped dry to raise the ship.
SIP Animation
SIP Animation (known as Saban International Paris until 2002) was a French animation studio, and a defunct subsidiary of BVS Entertainment (formerly Saban Entertainment). By 2009, the company had produced over 390 hours of animated content.

The Walt Disney Company France
The Walt Disney Company France (French: La Société Walt Disney), formerly Walt Disney Mickey Mouse, S.A. and Walt Disney Productions France, is one of The Walt Disney Company's international divisions and also European divisions. It is headquartered in Paris, Île-de-France.

The Walt Disney Company France is in charge of all Disney's brands and productions in France. The company also owns and operates French versions of Disney television channels and the Disneynature film unit. The Walt Disney Company France also co-produces content with other French media companies.
K9 Web Protection
K9 Web Protection is discontinued content-control software developed by Blue Coat Systems. In 2016, K9 Web Protection was acquired by Symantec as part of the company's purchase of Blue Coat Systems.
In April 2019, Symantec announced that K9 Web Protection would be discontinued and would no longer be made available for download or purchase. Technical support for the software ended on June 30, 2019.

Blue Coat Systems
Blue Coat Systems, Inc., was a company that provided hardware, software, and services designed for cybersecurity and network management. In 2016 it was acquired by and folded into Symantec and in 2019 as part of Symantec’s Enterprise Security business it was sold to Broadcom.

The company was known as CacheFlow until 2002.

The company had "a broad security portfolio including hardware, software and services." The company was best known for web gateway appliances that scan internet traffic for security threats, authenticate users and manage encrypted traffic, as well as products to monitor and filter employee internet activity. It also produced consumer products, such as parental control software. The company's products were initially sold to internet service providers, but later products were intended for large companies.
Geometrical crystallography before X-rays
Geometrical crystallography before X-rays describes how geometrical crystallography developed as a science up to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895. In the period before X-rays, crystallography can be divided into three broad areas: geometric crystallography culminating in the discovery of the 230 space groups in 1891–1894, physical crystallography and chemical crystallography.

Geometrical crystallography before X-rays covers the study of crystal form and the mathematical representation of crystal structure. It includes the atomism and dynamism theories of crystal structure, the invention of the Miller indices, and the discovery of the 7 crystal systems, the 32 crystal classes, the 14 Bravais lattices, and the 230 space groups.

Christian Samuel Weiss
Christian Samuel Weiss (26 February 1780 – 1 October 1856) was a German mineralogist born in Leipzig.

Following graduation, he worked as a physics instructor in Leipzig from 1803 until 1808. and in the meantime, conducted geological studies of mountain formations in Tyrol, Switzerland and France (1806–08). In 1810 he became a professor of mineralogy at the University of Berlin, where in 1818/19 and 1832/33, he served as university rector. He died near Eger in Bohemia.

Weiss is credited for creating parameters of modern crystallography, and was instrumental in making it a branch of mathematical science. He stressed the significance of direction in crystals, considering crystallographic axes to be a possible basis for classification of crystals. He is credited for introducing the categorization schema of crystal systems, and has a basic law of crystallography named after him called the "Weiss zone law".
The Lebs
The Lebs is a 2018 novel by Australian author Michael Mohammed Ahmad, published by Hachette. It is a sequel to Ahmad's 2014 novel The Tribe.

The title refers to the usually derogatory slang term sometimes used for Lebanese Australians.

Lebanese Australians
Lebanese Australians (Arabic: اللبنانيون الأستراليون) refers to citizens or permanent residents of Australia of Lebanese ancestry. The population is diverse, having a large Christian religious base, being mostly Maronite Catholics, while also having a large Muslim group of Sunni and Shia branches.

Lebanon, in both its modern-day form as the Lebanese state (declared 1920; independent 1943), and its historical form as the region of the Lebanon, has been a source of migrants to Australia since the 1870s. 248,430 Australians (about 1% of the total population) claimed some Lebanese ancestry in 2021. The 2021 census reported 87,343 Lebanese-born people in Australia, with nearly 66,000 of those resident in Greater Sydney.
Hernán Rodríguez Matte
Hernán Rodríguez Matte (Santiago, Chile, May 16, 1972) is a Chilean writer, director known for his literary work  and his extensive work as a screenwriter for television. He is the author of the novel Barrio Alto and "La Vida Segun Benito".  He is also the creator of the successful television shows ‘'La Colonia", "Welcome to Reality" and "Papá Mono", among others. He is also the founder of Radio Isla Negra, a global, multi-stream, listener-supported radio station.

El Reemplazante
El Reemplazante is a Chilean TV series originally broadcast on Televisión Nacional de Chile. The show follows a man, ousted from his previous financial career, who becomes a substitute math teacher at a low income school in Santiago. The plot was partially motivated by the Chilean student protests in 2011. Production was partially funded by the Consejo Nacional de Televisión de Chile. The showrunner was Hernan Rodriguez Matte. At the 2013 Altazor Awards, the show won awards for best direction, best screenplay, and best actor. Nicolas Acuña said that it is possible that a third season happens.
Jamake Highwater
Jamake Mamake Highwater (born Jackie Marks; February 13, 1931 – June 3, 2001), also known as "J Marks", was an American writer and journalist of Eastern European Jewish ancestry who mispresented himself as Cherokee.

In the late 1960s, Marks assumed a false Native identity, claiming to be Cherokee, used the name "Jamake Highwater" for his writings. As Highwater, he wrote and published more than 30 fiction and non-fiction books on music, art, poetry, and history. His children's novel Anpao: An American Indian Odyssey (1973) received a Newbery Honor. His book The Primal Mind: Vision and Reality in Indian America (1981) was the basis of a PBS film documentary about Native American culture.

Marks was exposed as an impostor in 1984 by Assiniboine activist Hank Adams and reporter Jack Anderson in separate publications. Despite this, Marks continued to be widely perceived by the general public as Native American.

Gerald Vizenor
Gerald Robert Vizenor (born 1934) is an American writer and scholar, and an enrolled member of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, White Earth Reservation. Vizenor also taught for many years at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was Director of Native American Studies. With more than 30 books published, Vizenor is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and Professor of American Studies at the University of New Mexico.
Janda (Buhigwe DC)
Janda is an administrative ward in Buhigwe District  of Kigoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 18,172 people in the ward, from 28,854 in 2012.: 124 : 152

Buhigwe District
Buhigwe District is one of the eight districts of the Kigoma Region of Tanzania. It is one of the 20 new districts that were formed in Tanzania since 2010; it was split off from Kasulu Rural District. Buhigwe District is bordered to the north by Burundi, to the east by Kasulu Rural District and Kasulu Urban District, and to the west by Kigoma Rural District. Its administrative seat is the town of Buhigwe.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Buhigwe District was 240,005.
Vanport, Oregon
Vanport, sometimes referred to as Vanport City or Kaiserville, was a city of wartime public housing in Multnomah County, Oregon, United States, between the contemporary Portland city boundary and the Columbia River. It was destroyed in the 1948 Columbia River flood and not rebuilt. It sat on what is currently the site of Delta Park and the Portland International Raceway.

Portland State University
Portland State University (PSU) is a public research university in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was founded in 1946 as a post-secondary educational institution for World War II veterans. It evolved into a four-year college over the next 20 years and was granted university status in 1969. It is one of two public universities in Oregon that are in a large city. It is governed by a board of trustees. PSU is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Portland State comprises seven constituent colleges, offering undergraduate degrees in 123 fields and postgraduate degrees in 117 fields. As of 2023, the university had a total enrollment of approximately 21,000 students. Its athletic teams are known as the Portland State Vikings, with school colors of green and white. They compete at the NCAA Division I level, primarily in the Big Sky Conference.
Irish Guards
The Irish Guards (IG) is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and is part of the Guards Division. Together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army. The regiment has participated in campaigns in the First World War, the Second World War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan as well as numerous other operations throughout its history. The Irish Guards claim six Victoria Cross recipients, four from the First World War and two from the Second World War.

Sebastian Roberts
Major General Sir Sebastian John Lechmere Roberts, KCVO, OBE (7 January 1954 – 9 March 2023) was a senior British Army officer who served as the Senior Army Representative at the Royal College of Defence Studies.
March law (Anglo-Welsh border)
March law (or the law of the March) was the law in force in the Welsh Marches during the late Middle Ages. The first official reference to a distinct March law is found in clause 56 of Magna Carta of 1215, which reads: "if a dispute arises ... it shall be settled ... for tenements in England according to the law of England, for tenements in Wales according to the law of Wales, for tenements in the March according to the law of the March." The right of those in the Marches to be tried under March law was reaffirmed in the Treaty of Aberconwy in 1277.

The law of the March was never codified and did not have a definitive form. It was criticized, before the passage of the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542, for being partially confined to memory alone.

Welsh Marches
The Welsh Marches (Welsh: Y Mers) is an imprecisely defined area along the border between England and Wales in the United Kingdom.  The precise meaning of the term has varied at different periods.

The English term Welsh March (Medieval Latin: Marchia Walliae) was originally used in the Middle Ages to denote the marches between England and the Principality of Wales, in which Marcher lords had specific rights, exercised to some extent independently of the king of England.  In modern usage, "the Marches" is often used to describe those English counties which lie along the border with Wales, particularly Shropshire and Herefordshire, and sometimes adjoining areas of Wales. However, at one time the Marches included all of the historic counties of Cheshire, Shropshire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire.