hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cristóvão da Gama
Cristóvão da Gama (c. 1516 – 29 August 1542), anglicised as Christopher da Gama, was a Portuguese military commander who led an army of 400 musketeers on a crusade in Ethiopia (1541–1543) against the Muslim Adal army of Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi. He was the son of explorer Vasco da Gama.

He, along with the allied Ethiopian army, was victorious against Adal forces in four battles, but he was seriously wounded in his last battle and was captured, tortured, and executed by Imam Ahmad. Richard Burton, in his First Footsteps in East Africa, referred to Gama as "the most chivalrous soldier of a chivalrous age".

Battle of Suez (1541)
The Battle of Suez occurred in 1541 and was a failed attack by the Portuguese against the Ottomans.

In 1541 the Portuguese fleet under the command of the Portuguese governor of India Estêvão da Gama and his brother Cristóvão da Gama penetrated into the Red Sea. The Portuguese fleet consisted of 80 ships and 2,300 soldiers. After sacking Suakin, the governor detached 16 light oarvessels and 250 picked men. The aim was to attack Suez but the attack was a failure as the heavy defence as well as the opposition of Davud Pasha and the Ottoman artillery forced the Portuguese to retreat. A few retreating Portuguese forces which landed at Massawa would be ambushed by the Adal Sultanate at the Battle of Massawa in the same year.

For the duration of the 1541 Suez campaign, the Portuguese remained within the Red Sea for seven months, never being confronted by the Ottoman navy, while Muslim trade was paralysed.
Wukan
Wukan (Chinese: 乌坎村; pinyin: Wūkǎn Cūn) is a coastal fishing village in Donghai Subdistrict (东海街道), in the county-level city of Lufeng, Guangdong. It has a population of approximately 13,000 residents, and is located approximately 120 km (75 mi) east of Hong Kong near the South China Sea coast.

Wukan became internationally notable as the site of the 2011 Wukan protests that resulted in the ousting of local government officials over allegations of corruption, the appointment of village leaders to positions within the local Chinese Communist Party committee, and the holding of democratic elections to elect the new village chief and village council.

2012 Wukan municipal election
The Wukan municipal election was held in Wukan, People's Republic of China on 3 March 2012 following an uprising against the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) government over alleged land grabs in which protesters forced out the incumbent government; the provincial government then acceded to an election for a committee to govern Wukan after protesters sought an end to what they said was decades of CCP corruption. The election would choose a seven-member village committee, including a village chief and his two deputies, who would control local finances and the sale and apportioning of collectively owned village land.

It was one of the first contested elections held in the Communist-controlled territory in China since the 1948 nationwide elections in the Republican era.
Ravnsborggade
Ravnsborggade (lit. 'Ravnsborg Street') is a street located one block west of The Lakes in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from the major shopping street Nørrebrogade in the southwest to Sankt Hansgade in the northeast where it turns into Ryesgade.

The street is traditionally known for its many antique shops but they have increasingly been supplanted by cafés and restaurants in the 2010s. The street is the site of a flea market in the summer months.

Ryesgade
Ryesgade is a street straddling  the border of the Nørrebro and Østerbro districts of Copenhagen, Denmark. Together with Ravnsborggade, its continuation to the south, it forms the backbone of a small neighbourhood bounded by The Lakes to the east, Blegdamsvej to the west, Nørrebrogade to the south and Østerbrogade to the north. The busy artery Fredensgade and the adjacent Fredens Park, effectively separates the Nørrebro and Østerbro portions of Ryesgade from each other. Ryesgade was formerly known for its many second-hand stores of which a few still exist today.
Shyam Thapa
Shyam Thapa is an Indian former footballer and coach. He represented the India national football team and was the bronze-medallist at the 1970 Asian Games. He later went on to manage the Nepal national football team.

Coached by P. K. Banerjee, Thapa became one of the finest and aggressive strikers of the country during the 1970s, known for his bicycle-kicks.

Calcutta Cricket and Football Club
Calcutta Cricket and Football Club (popularly known by its abbreviations CC&FC and CCFC) is an Indian professional multi-sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1792 as a cricket institution, the football and rugby sections were added when it merged with Calcutta Football Club (oldest football club in Asia, founded in 1872) in 1965. This is the oldest cricket club outside Great Britain.

The rugby section of the club made CC&FC the oldest rugby institution founded outside the United Kingdom and Ireland. Club's football section competes in the premier division of Calcutta Football League, fifth tier of the Indian football league system.
Lometraline
Lometraline (INN; developmental code name CP-14,368) is a drug and an aminotetralin derivative. A structural modification of tricyclic neuroleptics, lometraline was originally patented by Pfizer as an antipsychotic, tranquilizer, and antiparkinsonian agent. However, it was instead later studied as a potential antidepressant and/or anxiolytic agent, though clinical studies revealed no psychoactivity at the doses used and further investigation was suspended. Further experimental modifications of the chemical structure of lometraline resulted in the discovery of tametraline, a potent inhibitor of the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, which in turn led to the discovery of the antidepressant sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Tametraline
Tametraline (CP-24,441) is the parent of a series of chemical compounds investigated at Pfizer that eventually led to the development of sertraline.

Sertraline has been called "3,4-dichloro-tametraline". This is correct but it is an oversimplification in the sense that sertraline is the S,S-isomer whereas tametraline is the 1R,4S-stereoisomer.

1R-Methylamino-4S-phenyl-tetralin is a potent inhibitor of norepinephrine uptake in rat brain synaptosomes, reverses reserpine induced hypothermia in mice, and blocks uptake of 3H-Norepinephrine into rat heart.

Tametraline is a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

Indatraline is an indanamine homolog of tetralin-based tametraline, although in the case of indatraline the product is pm-dichlorinated.
Monck Provincial Park
Monck Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located at Nicola Lake near the town of Merritt.  The park's campground is one of those which accepts reservations.  Activities including fishing, camping and hiking.  Natural features other than Nicola Lake include lava beds associated with the Chilcotin Group.

Nicola Lake
Nicola Lake is a glacially formed narrow, deep lake located in the South-Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada approximately thirty kilometres northeast of the city of Merritt. It was a centrepoint of the first settlements in the grasslands lying south of Kamloops, and today is used for recreation and as a water storage site to provide irrigation and water flows to fisheries downstream in the Nicola River. The lake is important in the history of the local Nicola people as the location of one of their major communities, Nicola Lake Indian Reserve No. 1, which lies on its eastern shore and is the home of the Upper Nicola Indian Band. Many of the band work for the Douglas Lake Cattle Company, aka the Douglas Lake Ranch, whose headquarters are also adjacent to the lake.
Codognè
Codognè (Italian: [kodoɲˈɲɛ]) or Codogné (Italian: [kodoɲˈɲe], Venetian: [kodoˈɲe]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Treviso in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Treviso.

Codognè borders the following municipalities: Fontanelle, Gaiarine, Godega di Sant'Urbano, Mareno di Piave, San Fior, San Vendemiano and Vazzola.

Fontanelle, Veneto
Fontanelle is a comune (municipality) in the province of Treviso, in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Treviso.

Fontanelle borders the following municipalities: Codogné, Gaiarine, Mansuè, Oderzo, Ormelle, San Polo di Piave, Vazzola.
Lavender marriage
A lavender marriage is a male–female mixed-orientation marriage undertaken as a marriage of convenience to conceal the socially stigmatized sexual orientation of one or both partners. The term dates from the early 20th century and is used almost exclusively to characterize certain public celebrities' marriages in the first half of the 20th century, primarily before World War II, when public attitudes made it almost impossible for an openly queer person to pursue a public career, notably in the Hollywood film industry. The phrase appears in print at least as early as 1991, but lavender's association with homosexuality dates to the 1920s, described as the decade when "The lavender marriage seems to have come into its own in Hollywood".

Beard (companion)
Beard is a slang term, originating in the United States, which refers to a person who is used, knowingly or unknowingly, as a date, romantic partner (boyfriend or girlfriend) or spouse, either to conceal infidelity or to conceal one's sexual orientation. The term also refers, in some areas, to anyone who acted on behalf of another, in any transaction, to conceal a person's true identity. The term can be used in heterosexual and non-heterosexual contexts but is especially used within LGBTQ culture. References to beards are seen in mainstream television and films, and other entertainment.
Northern three-toed jerboa
The northern three-toed jerboa (Dipus sagitta) is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is the only extant species within the genus Dipus.
It ranges across Iran, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, China and Mongolia. A common species, the International Union for Conservation of Nature rates it as being of "least concern".

Jerboa
Jerboas (/dʒɜːrˈboʊə/ ⓘ) are the members of the family Dipodidae. They are hopping desert rodents found throughout North Africa and Asia. They tend to live in hot deserts.

When chased, jerboas can run at up to 24 km/h (15 mph). Some species are preyed on by little owls (Athene noctua) in central Asia. Most species of jerboas have excellent hearing that they use to avoid becoming the prey of nocturnal predators. The typical lifespan of a jerboa is around 2–3 years.
Yamato, Kagoshima
Yamato (Japanese: 大和村, Hepburn: Yamato-son; Amami:Yamatho) is a village located on Amami Ōshima, in Ōshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 1 October 2020, the village had an estimated population of 1,364 and a population density of 15.47 persons per km². The total area was 88.15 km².

Amami Ōshima language
The Amami language or languages (島口, シマユムタ, Shimayumuta), also known as Amami Ōshima or simply Ōshima ('Big Island'), is a Ryukyuan language spoken in the Amami Islands south of Kyūshū. The southern variety of the Setouchi township may be a distinct language more closely related to Okinawan than it is to northern Ōshima.

As Amami does not have recognition within Japan as a language, it is officially known as the Amami dialect (奄美方言, Amami Hōgen).
Lonan
Lonan (/ˈlɒnən/ LONN-ən; Manx: Lonan) is one of the 17 parishes of the Isle of Man.

It is located on the east of the island (part of the traditional South Side division) in the sheading of Garff.

Other settlements in the parish include Baldrine and Ballabeg.

Baldrine
Baldrine (Manx: Balley drine 'blackthorn town') is a village in the Isle of Man. It is close to the east coast of the island, about 3 km south of Laxey and 6 km NE of Douglas. It is in the historic parish of Lonan, in the sheading of Garff. For administrative purposes it is in the parish district of Garff, and it is also in the House of Keys constituency of Garff.
TT27
The Theban Tomb TT27 is located in El-Assasif. It forms part of the Theban Necropolis, situated on the west bank of the Nile opposite Luxor. The tomb is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian official, Sheshonk.

Sheshonk was the chief steward of the God's Wife of Amun Ankhnesneferibre, dating to the reign of king Apries and king Amasis II. Sheshonk was the son of Harsiesi and his wife Tahibet. Harsiesi was a chief steward of the God's Wife as well.

El-Assasif
El-Assasif (Arabic: العساسيف) is a necropolis near Luxor on the West Bank at Thebes, Egypt, Upper Egypt. It is located in the dry bay that leads up to Deir el-Bahari and south of the necropolis of Dra' Abu el-Naga'.

El-Assasif contains burials from the 18th, 22nd, 25th and 26th dynasties of ancient Egypt, covering the period c. 1550 to 525 BC across all three dynasties.
2009 State of Origin series
The 2009 State of Origin series was the 28th time that the annual three-game series between the Queensland and New South Wales representative rugby league football teams was played entirely under 'state of origin' selection rules. Queensland won their first two matches to retain the shield and to record 14 series wins, as well as the first time in Origin history that a state had won the series for four consecutive years. Maroon centre Greg Inglis was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as player of the series.

Josh Morris (rugby league)
Joshua Morris  (born 23 August 1986) is a former Australian professional rugby league footballer who last played as a centre for the Sydney Roosters in the NRL and Australia at international level.

He also played for the St. George Illawarra Dragons, Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the National Rugby League. Morris played for the Country Origin, Prime Minister's XIII, New South Wales State of Origin and NRL All Stars sides.
Party of Hungarians of Ukraine (KMKSZ)
Party of Hungarians of Ukraine (KMKSZ) (Ukrainian: Партія угорців України, romanized: Partiia uhortsiv Ukrainy; Hungarian: „KMKSZ” Ukrajnai Magyar Párt) is a Hungarian minority interests party in Zakarpattia Oblast, Western Ukraine, which was founded in February 1989. It holds 8 seats on the Zakarpattia Oblast Council. The Hungarian Cultural Federation in Transcarpathia (KMKSZ) (Hungarian: Kárpátaljai Magyar Kulturális Szövetség) is associated with the political party.

The party is also allied with the governing party of Hungary, Fidesz. Historically, KMKSZ cooperated with Our Ukraine and Petro Poroshenko Bloc; while their rival Democratic Party of Hungarians of Ukraine cooperated with the Hungarian Socialist Party and later Jobbik in Hungary, and Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) and Party of Regions in Ukraine.

Zakarpattia Oblast Council
The Zakarpattia Oblast Council (Ukrainian: Закарпатська обласна рада) is the regional oblast council (parliament) of the Zakarpattia Oblast (province) located in western Ukraine.

Council members are elected for five year terms. In order to gain representation in the council, a party must gain more than 5 percent of the total vote.
Palazzo Madama, Turin
Palazzo Madama is a palace in Turin, Piedmont. It was the first Senate of the Kingdom of Italy, and takes its traditional name from the embellishments it received under two queens (madama) of the House of Savoy.

In 1997, it was placed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list along with 13 other residences of the House of Savoy.

Museo Civico d'Arte Antica
The Museo Civico d'Arte Antica is an art museum located in the Palazzo Madama in Turin, Italy. It has a renowned collection of paintings from the medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods. It reopened in 2006 after several years of restorations.

45°4′15.95″N 7°41′7.72″E﻿ / ﻿45.0710972°N 7.6854778°E﻿ / 45.0710972; 7.6854778
Lepicoleaceae
Lepicoleaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales.

Natural compounds, lignans, have been found in liverworts in the Lepicoleaceae family.

Genera:

Lepicolea Dumort.

Vetaforma Fulford & J.Taylor

Lepicolea
Lepicolea is a genus of liverworts belonging to the family Lepicoleaceae.

The genus was first described by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier.

The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, but mostly in the Southern Hemisphere. Lepicolea ochroleuca is found in Chile and Brazil, Lepicolea prudent is found in Colombia and Lepicolea ramenifissa is found in Venezuela and Bolivia.

Lepicolea ochroleuca also belongs to the Gondwanaland flora with occurrences in South Africa, New Zealand and especially South America, reaching up to Mexico. It was also found to contains a natural compound called Ligan, and also Sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids.
South African Class 6C 4-6-0
The South African Railways Class 6C 4-6-0 of 1896 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Orange Free State.

Between 1895 and 1898, the Oranje-Vrijstaat Gouwerment-Spoorwegen placed 24 new Cape 6th Class steam locomotives with a 4-6-0 Tenwheeler type wheel arrangement in service, designated 6th Class L2. When British forces invaded the Orange Free State during the Second Boer War, these locomotives were taken over by the Imperial Military Railways. After the war, they were renumbered onto the Central South African Railways roster and designated Class 6-L2. In 1912, when the remaining 23 locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered again and designated Class 6C.

4-6-0
A 4-6-0 steam locomotive, under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, has four leading wheels on two axles in a leading bogie and six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles with the absence of trailing wheels.

In the mid-19th century, this wheel arrangement became the second-most-popular configuration for new steam locomotives in the United States, where this type is commonly referred to as a Ten-wheeler. As locomotives pulling trains of lightweight all-wood passenger cars from the 1890 to the 1920s, they were exceptionally stable at near 100 mph (160 km/h) speeds on the New York Central's New York-to-Chicago Water Level Route and on the Reading Railroad's line from Camden to Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Great Gatehouse, Bristol
The Great Gatehouse (grid reference ST583727), also known as the Abbey Gatehouse, is a historic building on the south side of College Green in Bristol, England. Its earliest parts date back to around 1170. It was the gatehouse for St Augustine's Abbey, which was the precursor of Bristol Cathedral. The gatehouse stands to the cathedral's west, and to its own west it is abutted by the Bristol Central Library building. The library's architectural design incorporated many of the gatehouse's features.

The sculptural decorations on the archways of the gatehouse contain early examples of the use of pointed arches in England. The gatehouse has been designated by Historic England as a Grade I listed building.

Bristol Central Library
Bristol Central Library is a historic building on the south side of College Green, Bristol, England. It contains the main collections of Bristol's public library.

Built in 1906 by Charles Holden, its design was influential in the development of Edwardian Free Style architecture. Holden would later go on to build the Edward VII Memorial Wing of the Bristol Royal Infirmary, giving Bristol two of its most highly regarded Edwardian buildings. The Library has been designated by Historic England as a Grade I listed building.
Brudavoll Farm
62°11′14.262″N 6°11′39.224″E﻿ / ﻿62.18729500°N 6.19422889°E﻿ / 62.18729500; 6.19422889

The Brudavoll Farm (Norwegian: Brudavolltunet) is a museum in Ørsta Municipality in the Sunnmøre region of Western Norway. The museum is an old farm that was purchased for museum purposes in 1958. The farm is located about 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) from the center of Ørsta.

Ørsta Municipality
Ørstaⓘ is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region of Western Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ørsta. Other villages in the municipality include Barstadvik, Flåskjer, Follestaddalen, Hovdebygda, Liadal, Nordre Vartdal,  Store-Standal, Sæbø, Trandal, Urke, Vartdal, Ytre-Standal, Åmdalen, and Årset.

The 662-square-kilometre (256 sq mi) municipality is the 171st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Ørsta Municipality is the 106th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 10,958. The municipality's population density is 16.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (43/sq mi) and its population has increased by 4% over the previous 10-year period.
William of Limburg-Broich
William of Limburg-Broich (c. 1416 – 1473) was the Count of Limburg-Broich from 1446 until 1473.

William was a brother of Count Henry of Limburg-Broich. When Henry died in 1446 William succeeded him. William became embroiled in a dispute with the Counts of Neuenahr-Alpen over the County of Limburg in 1449, following the death of Count William of Limburg-Styrum. After open warfare broke out, both William and the Count of Neuenahr-Alpen were subjected to the arbitration of the Archbishop of Cologne. He ruled to partition the County in half, and in 1479 it was ruled in condominium. William died on 14 September 1473 and was succeeded by his son John.

John of Limburg-Broich
John of Limburg-Broich (c. 1464 - 1511) was the Count of Limburg-Broich from 1473 until 1508.

John was a son of Count William of Limburg-Broich. In 1473 he succeeded his father and was confirmed by the Duke of Berg in August 1484. In 1505 he married his adopted daughter Amoena of Sayn to Count Wirich V of Daun-Falkenstein. John abdicated in 1508 and was succeeded by the couple. He died on 26 July 1511.
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago
The flag of Trinidad and Tobago was adopted upon independence from the United Kingdom on 31 August 1962. Designed by Carlisle Chang (1921–2001), the flag of Trinidad and Tobago was chosen by the independence committee of 1962. Red, black and white symbolise fire (the sun, representing courage), earth (representing dedication) and water (representing purity and equality).

It is one of the few national flags incorporating a diagonal line (heraldic bend), with other examples including the DR Congo, Tanzania, Namibia, and Brunei.

Flag of Namibia
The flag of Namibia consists of a red bend edged in two white bands with a blue upper triangle charged with an 12-ray yellow sun and green lower triangle.

The flag was adopted on 21 March 1990 upon independence from South Africa. During apartheid rule, it used the South African orange-white-blue tricolor.
Ben Fogle
Benjamin Myer Fogle FRGS (born 3 November 1973) is an English broadcaster, writer and adventurer, best known for his presenting roles on programmes shown on British television channels Channel 5, BBC and ITV.

Extreme Dreams with Ben Fogle
Extreme Dreams is a reality TV programme made by the independent British production company Ricochet (creators of Supernanny, Living in the Sun and other series) and hosted by Ben Fogle.  The premise behind the show is that deserving individuals are taken to unfamiliar and extreme environments and given the opportunity to participate in an adventure beyond their wildest dreams.

Participants are typically seeking a life-changing experience: a boost to improve their health, build their confidence, mend relationships or overcome past difficulties. For each programme four different teams are selected by a small panel comprising adventurers and a psychologist as well as Ben Fogle himself. Each team then travels with Ben to a different region of the world to undertake a challenging trek.