hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanley Adams (songwriter)
Stanley Adams (August 14, 1907 – January 27, 1994) was an American lyricist and songwriter. He wrote the English lyrics for the song "What a Diff'rence a Day Makes" (song written by the Mexican composer María Grever in 1934) and the English lyrics for "La Cucaracha." Adams was the president of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) between 1953 and 1956, and again from 1959 until 1980.

María Grever
María Grever (14 September 1885 – 15 December 1951) was the first female Mexican composer to achieve international acclaim. She is best known for the song "What A Difference A Day Makes" (originally "Cuando vuelva a tu lado"), which was popularized by Dinah Washington and has been covered by numerous artists.
Flukeprint
In marine biology, a flukeprint is a patch of calm water on the surface of the ocean, formed by the passing of a whale. Flukeprints may also be named by the word for them in the Inupiaq language, qala.

As with other forms of animal tracks, flukeprints may be used in hunting, to follow whales that are invisible beneath the ocean surface, and to determine the size of an unseen whale. They have also been used for similar purposes by scientists studying whales.

Fluid dynamics researchers have proposed multiple mechanisms for the formation of flukeprints, including vortex shedding from the fluke of the whale, the action of surfactants on the surface of the water, and shear flow in the interaction between water waves and the current caused by the passing whale.

Animal track
An animal track is an imprint left behind in soil, snow, or mud, or on some other ground surface, by an animal walking across it. Animal tracks are used by hunters in tracking their prey and by naturalists to identify animals living in a given area.
Jenny Geddes
Janet "Jenny" Geddes (c. 1600 – c. 1660) was a Scottish market-trader in Edinburgh who is alleged to have thrown a stool at the head of the minister in St Giles' Cathedral in objection to the first public use of the Church of Scotland's revised version of the Book of Common Prayer, the 1637 Scottish Prayer Book. The act is reputed to have sparked the riot that led to the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which included the English Civil War.

Cuttie-stool
A cuttie-stool, or cutty-stool (also -stuil), was a type of three-legged chair used in Scotland. It was a short stool, often having a round seat on the top, but the word also designates a larger piece of furniture associated with public penance in church.

Such stools were often used for milking and domestic purposes, and afforded little comfort other than to provide balance to the worker concerned. They were cheap to buy and easy to make, and their three legs made them stable on uneven floors. "Cutty" or "cuttie" means "short" in Lowland Scots, and can be found in such phrases as "cutty sark" (the nickname of the witch in "Tam o' Shanter", derived from her only garment, a short shift).
Sunset Strip
The Sunset Strip is the 1.7-mile (2.7 km) stretch of Sunset Boulevard that passes through the city of West Hollywood, California, United States. It extends from West Hollywood's eastern border with the city of Los Angeles near Marmont Lane  to its western border with Beverly Hills at Phyllis Street. The Sunset Strip is known for its boutiques, restaurants, rock clubs, and nightclubs, as well as its array of huge, colorful billboards.

Billboard
A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers. Typically brands use billboards to build their brands or to push for their new products.

The largest ordinary-sized billboards are located primarily on major highways, expressways, or principal arterials, and command high-density consumer exposure (mostly to vehicular traffic). These afford the greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow creative "customizing" through extensions and embellishments.

Posters are another common form of billboard advertising, located mostly along primary and secondary arterial roads. Posters are in a smaller format and are viewed primarily by residents and commuter traffic, with some pedestrian exposure.
M7 Priest
The 105 mm howitzer motor carriage M7 was an American self-propelled artillery vehicle produced during World War II. It was given the  service name 105 mm self propelled, Priest by the British Army, due to the pulpit-like machine gun ring, and following on from the Bishop and the contemporary Deacon self-propelled guns.

Ordnance QF 25-pounder
The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, with a calibre of 3.45 inches (87.6 mm), was a piece of field artillery used by British and Commonwealth forces in the Second World War. Durable, easy to operate and versatile, it was the most produced and used British field gun and gun-howitzer during the war.

It was introduced into service just before the War started and combined both high-angle and direct-fire abilities, a relatively high rate of fire, and a reasonably lethal shell, with a highly mobile piece. Initial production was slow but, by 1945, over 12,000 had been manufactured. It remained the British Army's primary artillery field piece well into the 1960s, with smaller numbers used in training units until the 1980s. Many Commonwealth countries used theirs in active or reserve service until about the 1970s, and ammunition for the weapon is currently (2020s) being produced by Pakistan Ordnance Factories.
Jet Airliner (Steve Miller Band song)
"Jet Airliner" is a song composed by Paul Pena in 1973 and popularized by the Steve Miller Band in 1977.

Pena wrote and recorded "Jet Airliner" in 1973 for his New Train album. However, New Train was not released until 2000, due to conflicts between him and his label.

Steve Miller heard Pena's unreleased New Train album through Ben Sidran, who produced it, and who was formerly in Miller's band.  Miller recorded "Jet Airliner"  in 1975 during sessions for the Fly Like an Eagle album, but the song was not released until 1977, when it was included on Miller's Book of Dreams album. The single reached No. 8 on the Billboard chart. In Canada, the song spent two weeks at No. 3.

On classic rock radio, Miller's "Jet Airliner" is generally played in tandem with "Threshold", the all-synthesizer instrumental that precedes it on Book of Dreams and the Greatest Hits 1974–78 compilation.

Steve Miller Band
The Steve Miller Band is an American rock band formed in San Francisco, California, in 1966. The band is led by Steve Miller on guitar and lead vocals. The group had a string of mid- to late-1970s hit singles that are staples of classic rock radio, as well as several earlier psychedelic rock albums. Miller left his first band to move to San Francisco and form the Steve Miller Blues Band. Shortly after Harvey Kornspan negotiated the band's contract with Capitol Records in 1967, the band shortened its name to the Steve Miller Band. In February 1968, the band recorded its debut album, Children of the Future. It went on to produce the albums Sailor, Brave New World, Your Saving Grace, Number 5, The Joker, Fly Like an Eagle, and Book of Dreams, among others. The band's album Greatest Hits 1974–78, released in 1978, has sold over 13 million copies. In 2016, Steve Miller was inducted as a solo artist into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Anson Northup
Anson Northup (possibly Anson Northrup) was a 100-horsepower (75 kW) sternwheel riverboat named for her captain who was the first to navigate the Red River of the North from Fort Abercrombie, Dakota Territory, to Fort Garry, Rupert's Land, departing 6 June and arriving 10 June 1859. Sold and renamed Pioneer, she sank during the winter of 1861–62. Pioneer was dismantled and her boiler reused by SS Colvile.

The new Anson Northrup is a riverboat that normally offers tours in the Twin Cities area on the Mississippi River.  The boat was built in Louisiana and is operated by Padelford Packet Boat Company. In 2004, the boat participated in the Grand Excursion, which ran from the Quad Cities of Iowa to the Twin Cities.

SS Colvile
SS Colvile was a Lake Winnipeg steamboat built for the Hudson's Bay Company in Grand Forks, Dakota Territory. Colvile was constructed, using some parts of the vessel called Chief Commissioner which in turn used a boiler taken from Anson Northup. Colvile was one of the largest vessels constructed for the HBC. The company hired Captain J. Reeves to supervise the construction of the vessel.

By 1878 Colvile was a vital link in the HBC trade on the Red River of the North and Saskatchewan River routes. When a railway was built to Selkirk, Manitoba, a storage area was built on the shore of the river. Later, this site became known as the Colvile Landing. A railway spur was constructed from the Selkirk station to the landing.

Colvile was destroyed by fire in 1894 while docked in the town of Grand Rapids in the northwest corner of Lake Winnipeg. The fire also destroyed several dockside buildings.
Romance, Arkansas
Romance is an unincorporated community in west-central White County, Arkansas, United States. The community is located approximately halfway between the town of Rose Bud to the north, and the unincorporated community of El Paso to the south. Alternately, the community is about 16 miles (26 km) northwest of Beebe, and less than 5 miles (8 km) east of Mount Vernon.

Considered as a postal designation (ZIP code: 72136), the population of Romance as of the 2010 census was 1,772 residents.

White County, Arkansas
White County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,822. The county seat is Searcy. White County is Arkansas's 31st county, formed on October 23, 1835, from portions of Independence, Jackson, and Pulaski counties and named for Hugh Lawson White, a Whig candidate for President of the United States. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county, though a few private establishments (such as the Searcy Country Club, and Veterans of Foreign Wars posts in Searcy and Beebe) can serve alcohol. White County comprises the Searcy, AR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR Combined Statistical Area.
Chiara Zorzi
Chiara Zorzi or Giorgio, also Clara or Claire (died 1454), was duchess consort of Athens by marriage to Nerio II Acciaioli, Duke of Athens, and regent of Athens during the minority of her son Francesco I from 1451 until 1454.

Duchy of Athens
The Duchy of Athens (Greek: Δουκᾶτον Ἀθηνῶν, Doukaton Athinon; Catalan: Ducat d'Atenes) was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade as part of the process known as Frankokratia, encompassing the regions of Attica and Boeotia, and surviving until its conquest by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century.
Carbon, Alberta
Carbon is a village in central Alberta, Canada.

It is located in Kneehill County, 41 kilometres (25 mi) west of Drumheller and 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Calgary, along Highway 836, 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) each of Highway 21 on Highway 575. Built at the beginning of the 20th century in the Kneehill Creek Valley, Carbon is a village with paved, quiet streets lined with trees.

Alberta Highway 21
Highway 21 is a north–south highway in Alberta, Canada that parallels Highway 2 between Calgary and Edmonton. It is approximately 328 kilometres (204 mi) in length. It begins at the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) east of Strathmore, and ends at Fort Saskatchewan where it is succeeded by Highway 15. The northernmost 25 kilometres (16 mi) of the highway are twinned.  Highway 21 runs roughly parallel to the main north–south CN rail line between Calgary and Edmonton between Three Hills and Looma.
Ahmed ibn Qassim ar-Rifa'i ar-Ribati
Ahmed ibn Qassim ar-Rifa'i ar-Ribati (Arabic: أحمد بن قاسم الرفاعي الرباطي) was a Moroccan calligrapher interested in the reformation and standardization of Maghrebi script.

While Arabic calligraphy had undergone standardization and reform in the Mashriq under Ibn Muqla and Ibn al-Bawwab, it hadn't done so in the Maghreb. ar-Ribati wrote Stringing the Pearls of the Thread (نظم لآلئ السمط في حسن تقويم بديع الخط) in 1840, which was edited and republished by Muhammad Sabri. The book is in the form of an urjuza of 143 couplets.

Maghrebi script
Maghrebi script or Maghribi script or Maghrebi Arabic script (Arabic: الخط المغربي) refers to a loosely related family of Arabic scripts that developed in the Maghreb (North Africa), al-Andalus (Iberia), and Bilad as-Sudan (the West African Sahel). Maghrebi script is directly derived from the Kufic script, and is traditionally written with a pointed tip (القلم المدبَّب), producing a line of even thickness.

The script is characterized by rounded letter forms, extended horizontal features, and final open curves below the baseline. It also differs from Mashreqi scripts in the notation of the letters faa' (Maghrebi: ڢ ; Mashreqi: ف) and qāf (Maghrebi: ڧ ; Mashreqi: ق).

For centuries, Maghrebi script was used to write Arabic manuscripts and record Andalusi and Moroccan literature, whether in Classical Arabic, Maghrebi Arabic, or Amazigh languages.
Revista de Filología Española
The Revista de Filología Española (English: Journal of Spanish Philology) is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of philology, dialectology, and linguistics that was established in 1914 with Ramón Menéndez Pidal as founding editor-in-chief. It is published by the Spanish National Research Council. The journal is published in Spanish, though it occasionally admits articles in other Romance languages.

The Anejos de la Revista de Filología Española (English: Annexes of the Journal of Spanish Philology) are a collection of monographs on the same subject.

Ramón Menéndez Pidal
Ramón Menéndez Pidal (Spanish pronunciation: [raˈmom meˈnendeθ piˈðal]; 13 March 1869 – 14 November 1968) was a Spanish philologist and historian. He worked extensively on the history of the Spanish language and Spanish folklore and folk poetry. One of his main topics was the history and legend of El Cid. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in 26 separate years, the most nominations of any other person.
Modus tollens
In propositional logic, modus tollens (/ˈmoʊdəs ˈtɒlɛnz/) (MT), also known as modus tollendo tollens (Latin for "mode that by denying denies") and denying the consequent, is a deductive argument form and a rule of inference. Modus tollens is a mixed hypothetical syllogism that takes the form of "If P, then Q. Not Q. Therefore, not P." It is an application of the general truth that if a statement is true, then so is its contrapositive. The form shows that inference from P implies Q to the negation of Q implies the negation of P is a valid argument.

The history of the inference rule modus tollens goes back to antiquity. The first to explicitly describe the argument form modus tollens was Theophrastus.

Modus tollens is closely related to modus ponens. There are two similar, but invalid, forms of argument: affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent.  See also contraposition and proof by contrapositive.

Logical form
In logic, the logical form of a statement is a precisely specified semantic version of that statement in a formal system. Informally, the logical form attempts to formalize a possibly ambiguous statement into a statement with a precise, unambiguous logical interpretation with respect to a formal system. In an ideal formal language, the meaning of a logical form can be determined unambiguously from syntax alone. Logical forms are semantic, not syntactic constructs; therefore, there may be more than one string that represents the same logical form in a given language.

The logical form of an argument is called the argument form of the argument.
Troitsko-Pechorsk
Troitsko-Pechorsk (Russian: Троицко-Печорск, Tróicko-Pečórsk; Komi: Мылдiн, Myldïn) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Troitsko-Pechorsky District of the Komi Republic, Russia, located on the Pechora River. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 7,276.

Pechora (river)
The Pechora (Russian: Печо́ра; Komi: Печӧра; Nenets: Санэроˮ яха) is the sixth-longest river in Europe. Flowing from Northwest Russia and into the Arctic Ocean, it lies mostly in the Komi Republic but the northernmost part crosses the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
OMG Tour
OMG Tour was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Usher. Visiting North America, Asia, Europe and Australia, the tour accompanies his sixth studio album, Raymond v. Raymond (2010), as well as his first extended play, Versus (2010). At the conclusion of 2011, the tour placed seventh on Billboard's annual, "Top 25 Tours", earning nearly $75 million with 73 shows.

More (Usher song)
"More" is a song by American singer Usher, taken from the deluxe edition of his sixth studio album Raymond v. Raymond (2010). It was written by Charles Hinshaw, Usher, and RedOne, with the latter also producing the song.

The song was first released on March 16, 2010, through the US iTunes Store as the third promotional single in countdown to the album's release. Additionally it was featured as the iTunes-only bonus track on Raymond v. Raymond before later being included on the deluxe edition of the album, and his EP Versus. "More" was subsequently released as the album's fifth and final single. The single version was remixed by RedOne and Jimmy Joker, for a US release on November 22, 2010, and in the UK on December 13, 2010.
Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary
Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary, known familiarly as Naz Hall, was a high school seminary in Arden Hills, Minnesota, United States, serving the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. Founded in 1923 by Archbishop Austin Dowling, for most of its time Nazareth Hall educated students through four years of high school and the first two years of college. Over 600 alumni were eventually ordained to the priesthood. Due to declining enrollment and changing attitudes towards high school seminaries after the Second Vatican Council, it closed in 1970 with its collegiate functions being replaced by Saint John Vianney Seminary. The campus was sold and is now the site of the University of Northwestern.

Stephen Kocisko
Stephen John Kocisko (June 11, 1915 – March 7, 1995) was the first Metropolitan Archbishop of the Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh, the American branch of the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church
Tetragnatha torrensis
Tetragnatha torrensis is a species of long-jawed orb weaving spiders of the family Tetragnathidae. It is endemic on the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. The species name torrensis refers to the place where it was found: Ribeira da Torre.

Santo Antão, Cape Verde
Santo Antão (Portuguese for "Saint Anthony") is the northwesternmost island of Cape Verde. At 785 km2 (303 sq mi), it is the largest of the Barlavento Islands group, and the second largest island of Cape Verde.: 25  The nearest island is São Vicente to the southeast, separated by the sea channel Canal de São Vicente. Its population was 38,200 in mid 2019, making it the fourth most populous island of Cape Verde after Santiago, São Vicente and Sal. Its largest city is Porto Novo located on the southern coast (population 9,310 in 2010).
Triakis octahedron
In geometry, a triakis octahedron (or trigonal trisoctahedron or kisoctahedron) is an Archimedean dual solid, or a Catalan solid. Its dual is the truncated cube.

It can be seen as an octahedron with triangular pyramids added to each face; that is, it is the Kleetope of the octahedron. It is also sometimes called a trisoctahedron, or, more fully, trigonal trisoctahedron. Both names reflect that it has three triangular faces for every face of an octahedron. The tetragonal trisoctahedron is another name for the deltoidal icositetrahedron, a different polyhedron with three quadrilateral faces for every face of an octahedron.

This convex polyhedron is topologically similar to the concave stellated octahedron. They have the same face connectivity, but the vertices are at different relative distances from the center.

If its shorter edges have length of 1, its surface area and volume are:

Kleetope
In geometry and polyhedral combinatorics, the Kleetope of a polyhedron or higher-dimensional convex polytope P is another polyhedron or polytope PK formed by replacing each facet of P with a pyramid. In some cases, the pyramid is chosen to have regular sides, often producing a non-convex polytope; alternatively, by using sufficiently shallow pyramids, the results may remain convex. Kleetopes are named after Victor Klee, although the same concept was known under other names long before the work of Klee.
Beechwood, Michigan
Beechwood is an unincorporated community in Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is a census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes, but is not an incorporated municipality. The population was 3,121 at the 2020 census.

The CDP is considered to be part of the Holland urban area. It is located on the north shore of Lake Macatawa mostly within Holland Charter Township, although a small portion lies within Park Township.

Ottawa County, Michigan
Ottawa County (/ˈɒtəwə/ OT-ə-wə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the United States 2020 Census, the population was 296,200. The county seat is Grand Haven. The county is named for the Ottawa Nation. It was set off in 1831 and organized in 1837. Ottawa County is included in the Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area and has a significant Dutch American population.

Area farmers produce more than $726 million in products annually, making Ottawa County an "agricultural powerhouse" in the state.
Eugène-François Vidocq
Eugène-François Vidocq (French: [øʒɛn fʁɑ̃swa vidɔk]; 24 July 1775 – 11 May 1857) was a French criminal turned criminalist, whose life story inspired several writers, including Victor Hugo, Edgar Allan Poe, and Honoré de Balzac. He was the founder and first director of France's first criminal investigative agency, the Sûreté Nationale, as well as the head of the first known private detective agency. Vidocq is considered to be the father of the French national police force. He is also regarded as the first private detective.

Private investigator
A private investigator (often abbreviated to PI; also known as a private detective, an inquiry agent or informally a private eye) is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigatory law services. Private investigators often work for attorneys to problem solve in civil and criminal cases.
Kōdai-ke no Hitobito
Kōdai-ke no Hitobito (高台家の人々; "People of the Kōdai Family") is a Japanese romantic comedy josei manga series written and illustrated by Kozueko Morimoto. Published by Shueisha, the chapters of the manga were serialized on You between February 15, 2013, and March 15, 2017, and have been compiled into six tankōbon volume. It was preceded by a one-shot published in the same magazine in December 2012, and followed by two side stories in April 2017 and December 2017. A live-action film adaptation of the same name was released in Japan on June 4, 2016.

You (Japanese magazine)
You was a Japanese josei manga magazine published by Shueisha. The magazine was established in 1982 and based in Tokyo. The magazine was cancelled in May 2018 due to low readership, making the November 2018 issue the final issue.