hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naule Katuwal
Naule Katuwal is a village and market center Dullu Municipality in Dailekh District in the Bheri Zone of western-central Nepal. The formerly village development committee was annexed to the municipality from 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2935 people living in 591 individual households.

Dullu
Dullu (Nepali: दुल्लु) is an urban Municipality in Dailekh District of Karnali Province in Nepal.

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census former Dullu had a population of 30,457 people living in 5,861 individual households. After the reconstruction of local level authority in Nepal in 2017, the total area of the new Dullu municipality has 156.77 square kilometres (60.53 sq mi) and total population is now (as of 2011 Nepal census) 41,540.
Richard A. Whiting
Richard Armstrong Whiting (November 12, 1891 – February 19, 1938) was an American composer of popular songs, including the standards "Hooray for Hollywood", "Ain't We Got Fun?" and "On the Good Ship Lollipop". He also wrote lyrics occasionally, and film scores most notably for the standard "She's Funny That Way".

He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1936 for "When Did You Leave Heaven" from the film Sing, Baby Sing.

Gus Kahn
Gustav Gerson Kahn (November 6, 1886 – October 8, 1941) was an American lyricist who contributed a number of songs to the Great American Songbook, including "Pretty Baby", "Ain't We Got Fun?", "Carolina in the Morning", "Toot, Toot, Tootsie (Goo' Bye!)", "My Buddy" "I'll See You in My Dreams", "It Had to Be You", "Yes Sir, That's My Baby", "Love Me or Leave Me", "Makin' Whoopee", "My Baby Just Cares for Me", "I'm Through with Love", "Dream a Little Dream of Me" and "You Stepped Out of a Dream".
Curious George Rides a Bike
Curious George Rides a Bike is a children's book written and illustrated by Margret Rey and H. A. Rey and published by Houghton Mifflin in 1952. It is the third book of the original Curious George series and tells the story of George's new bicycle and his experiences performing with an animal show.

The book was later adapted into an animated short film from Weston Woods Studios in 1958 and an episode of a PBS Kids TV show of the same name in 2007, but with a few differences, such as George getting his bike repaired by the Renkins.

Curious George
Curious George is a fictional monkey who is the title character of a series of popular children's picture books written and illustrated by Margret and H. A. Rey. Various media, including films and TV shows, have been based upon the original book series.

George is described as "a good little monkey, and always very curious". In the first book, George is caught by "The Man with the Yellow Hat" and taken from Africa to America where the two live together. George and the Man with the Yellow Hat become good friends.

George's first appearance was as a monkey named "Fifi" in the book Cecily G. and the Nine Monkeys, which was first published in France during 1939 in the late years. The popularity of the character led the Reys to feature "George" in his own series.
Operation Argus
Operation Argus was a series of United States low-yield, high-altitude nuclear weapons tests and missile tests secretly conducted from 27 August to 9 September 1958 over the South Atlantic Ocean. The tests were performed by the Defense Nuclear Agency.

The tests were to study the Christofilos effect, which suggested it was possible to defend against Soviet nuclear missiles by exploding a small number of nuclear bombs high over the South Pacific. This would create a disk of electrons over the United States that would overload the electronics on the Soviet warheads as they descended. It was also possible to use the effect to blind Soviet radars, meaning that any Soviet missile-based ABM system would be unable to attack the US counterstrike.

The tests demonstrated that the effect did occur, but that it dissipated too rapidly to be very effective. Papers concerning the topic were published the next year, emphasizing the events as purely scientific endeavors.

USS Norton Sound
USS Norton Sound (AV-11/AVM-1) was originally built as a Currituck-class seaplane tender by Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, San Pedro, California. She was named for Norton Sound, a large inlet in West Alaska, between the Seward Peninsula and the mouths of the Yukon, north-east of the Bering Sea.
Merdeka Bridge, Singapore
The Merdeka Bridge (Chinese: 独立桥, Malay: Jambatan Merdeka) is a vehicular and pedestrian bridge located in Kallang in the south-eastern part of Singapore. It spans the river mouths of the Kallang River and Rochor River, which empty into the Kallang Basin. Designed by R. J. Hollis-Bee of the then Public Works Department (now CPG Corporation), the bridge was officially opened on 17 August 1956.

The Merdeka Bridge carries Nicoll Highway, a semi-expressway connecting Kallang with the Singapore downtown.

Kallang Basin
Kallang Basin (Chinese: 加冷盆地; Malay: Lembangan Kallang) is an enclosed bay in Kallang, Singapore. The Kallang River, Rochor River and Geylang River empty into the Kallang Basin. The Marina Channel connects the Kallang Basin with the Singapore Straits.

Currently, the Kallang Basin is part of the Marina Reservoir, as are the rivers that flow into the Kallang Basin and their tributaries. The reservoir has a catchment size of nearly one-sixth of mainland Singapore's land area. The Kallang Basin is a popular location for water sports, in particular, kayaking and dragon boating.

Today, the area surrounding the body of water is also frequently called Kallang Basin. The term has been applied to the industrial estates along Kallang Bahru, the Kallang Basin Swimming Complex, amongst others.
Toxicodryas pulverulenta
Toxicodryas pulverulenta, commonly known as Fischer's cat snake, Fischer's tree snake, and the powdered tree snake, is a species of rear-fanged venomous snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to Sub-Saharan Africa.

Johann Gustav Fischer
Johann Gustav Fischer (1 March 1819, Hamburg – 27 January 1889) was a German herpetologist.

He served as an instructor at the Johanneum in Hamburg, and was associated with the city's Naturhistorisches Museum, working extensively with its herpetological and ichthyological collections. He was the binomial author of numerous herpetological species, and has several species named in his honor:

"Fischer's cat snake" (Toxicodryas pulverulenta), 1856.

"Fischer's chameleon" (Kinyongia fischeri), described by Anton Reichenow in 1887.

"Fischer's dwarf gecko" (Lygodactylus fischeri), described by George Albert Boulenger in 1890.

"Fischer’s snail-eating snake" (Tropidodipsas fischeri), described by George Albert Boulenger in 1894.

"Fischer's thick-toed gecko" (Pachydactylus laevigatus), 1888.

In the field of ichthyology, he described the genera Sclerocottus (Cottidae) and Gymnelichthys (Zoarcidae).
George Ross Kirkpatrick
George Ross "Kirk" Kirkpatrick (February 24, 1867 – March 23, 1937) was an American educator, anti-militarist writer and political activist. He is best remembered as the 1916 vice presidential nominee of the Socialist Party of America. He was briefly the Executive Secretary of that organization from November 1925 until May 1926.

Bertha Hale White
Bertha Hale White, was a teacher and journalist, and a prominent functionary of the Socialist Party of America. After serving for more than a decade in the party's National Office, in February 1924 White was named Executive Secretary of the SPA, becoming the first woman to hold that position. She resigned the post, citing reasons of health, late in 1925. In 1926, White married lecturer and writer Judson King and took his name, becoming Bertha Hale King.
Rathinapuri
Rathinapuri is a residential area in the city of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Rathinapuri is bordered by Gandhipuram to the South, Sivananda Colony to the West and Ganapathy to the North and East. The main residential areas are:
S.P. Kumarasamy Street, Mariamman Kovil Street, Bagthavachalam street, P.M. Swamy Colony, Arumuga Gounder street, Palani Gounder street, Muthukumar Nagar, Marutha kutty gounder layout, Sampath Street, Kalki Street, Subbiah Gounder Street, Ranganna Gounder Street, Chekkan Thottam, Indra Nagar, Kalki Street, Periyar Street, Nalvar Layout and Kandasamy Street.

Gandhipuram, Coimbatore
Gandhipuram is a major place of the Coimbatore city in Tamil Nadu, India. It is named after Mahatma Gandhi. It was previously known as "Katoor".

Gandhipuram developed as one of the key public transportation areas following the construction of the central bus terminus in 1974. Nanjappa Road, an arterial road, runs through Gandhipuram, connecting it with other parts of the city. Additional roads intersecting the locality include Cross Cut Road, 100 Feet Road, Bharathiar Road, and Sathy Road.
Edmund Rubbra
Edmund Rubbra (/ˈrʌbrə/; 23 May 1901 – 14 February 1986) was a British composer. He composed both instrumental and vocal works for soloists, chamber groups and full choruses and orchestras. He was greatly esteemed by fellow musicians and was at the peak of his fame in the mid-20th century. The best known of his pieces are his eleven symphonies. Although he was active at a time when many people wrote twelve-tone music, he decided not to write in this idiom; instead, he devised his own distinctive style. His later works were not as popular with the concert-going public as his previous ones had been, although he never lost the respect of his colleagues. Therefore, his output as a whole is less celebrated today than would have been expected from its early popularity. He was the brother of the engineer Arthur Rubbra.

Symphony No. 1 (Rubbra)
The Symphony No. 1, op. 44 by Edmund Rubbra was completed in 1937, soon after the Sinfonia Concertante, his first published large-scale orchestral work. It is the first of four closely related symphonies Rubbra wrote in quick succession, between 1935 and 1941. Hugh Ottaway notes that No. 1 was composed in the wake of William Walton's First Symphony and Vaughan Williams' Fourth. Rob Barnett describes it as "characteristic of the turmoil of the 1930s".

The score was published by Universal Edition in 1937 and again by Alfred Lengnick & Co in 1949. The manuscript is in the British Museum. It takes around 35 minutes to perform. There are three movements:

I. Allegro moderato e tempestoso. "A portrait of conflict and vigour".

II. Perigourdine. Allegro bucolico e giocoso. This scherzo is based on an old French tune, 8 bars long, that runs throughout.

III. Lento.  A slow-moving, linear piece which ends in a fugue. It is longer than the first two movements put together.
CADASIL
CADASIL or CADASIL syndrome, involving cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, is the most common form of hereditary stroke disorder and is thought to be caused by mutations of the NOTCH3 gene on chromosome 19. The disease belongs to a family of disorders called the leukodystrophies. The most common clinical manifestations are migraine headaches and transient ischemic attacks or strokes, which usually occur between 40 and 50 years of age, although MRI is able to detect signs of the disease years prior to clinical manifestation of disease.

The condition was identified and named by French researchers Marie-Germaine Bousser and Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve in the 1990s. Together with two other researchers, Hugues Chabriat and Anne Joutel, they received the 2019 Brain Prize for their research into the condition.

CARASAL
Cathepsin-A Related Arteriopathy with Strokes And Leukoencephalopathy (CARASAL) is a rare genetic disorder that is caused by mutation in a gene CTSA which is located on a chromosome 20. This disease is allelic to Galactosialidosis.  This disease usually begins with a headache, decreased concentration, abnormalities in gait, lack of inhibition, also it usually presents with migraine, depression, vertigo and high blood pressure.
Moscow Ladies Open
The Moscow Ladies Open is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated tennis tournament played from 1989 to 1995. It was held in Moscow, Soviet Union, from 1989 to 1990 (under the titles of Virginia Slims of Moscow and Kraft General Foods of Moscow, respectively) and in St. Petersburg, Soviet Union, in 1991 (as St. Petersburg Open) and again in Moscow from 1994 to 1995. Then the tournament was incorporated into the ATP Kremlin Cup, making it a combined event for 1996. The tournament was played on indoor carpet courts.

In 2018, tournament returned in WTA Tour calendar as clay court championship Moscow River Cup.

1989 Virginia Slims of Moscow
The Virginia Slims of Moscow (Russian: Московский турнир «Вирджиния Слимз»; after the title sponsor of that year's WTA tour) was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Soviet Union, that was part of the Category 2 tier of the 1989 Virginia Slims World Championship Series (1989 WTA Tour).

It was held from October 8 through 15, 1989. It was the inaugural edition of the WTA tournament later known as the St. Petersburg Open and the Moscow Ladies Open.
Edward Littleton (died 1558)
Edward Littleton or Edwarde Lyttelton (by 1489–1558) was a Staffordshire landowner from the extended Littleton/Lyttelton family. He also served as soldier and Member of Parliament for Staffordshire in the House of Commons of England, the lower house of the Parliament of England, five times.

Lyttelton family
The Lyttelton family (sometimes spelled Littleton) is a British aristocratic family. Over time, several members of the Lyttelton family were made knights, baronets and peers. Hereditary titles held by the Lyttelton family include the viscountcies of Cobham (since 1889) and Chandos (since 1954), as well as the Lyttelton barony (since 1794) and Lyttelton baronetcy (since 1618). Several other members of the family have also risen to prominence, particularly in the field of cricket.
Varronia
Varronia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cordiaceae. The genus was resurrected from Cordia in 2007. Varronia species are found throughout Latin America (except Chile and Patagonia), the Caribbean, and in the US states of Texas and Florida.

Cordiaceae
Cordiaceae is a family in the flowering plant order Boraginales. It has also been treated as the subfamily Cordioideae of a broadly circumscribed family Boraginaceae s.l., but in 2016 the Boraginales Working Group recommended treating it as the separate family Cordiaceae. This treatment is accepted by World Flora Online as of December 2025, but not by Plants of the World Online which places its genera in Boraginaceae.
Skein relation
Skein relations are a mathematical tool used to study knots. A central question in the mathematical theory of knots is whether two knot diagrams represent the same knot. One way to answer the question is using knot polynomials, which are invariants of the knot. If two diagrams have different polynomials, they represent different knots. However, the converse is not true.

Skein relations are often used to give a simple definition of knot polynomials. A skein relation gives a linear relation between the values of a knot polynomial on a collection of three links which differ from each other only in a small region. For some knot polynomials, such as the Conway, Alexander, and Jones polynomials, the relevant skein relations are sufficient to calculate the polynomial recursively.

Jones polynomial
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Jones polynomial is a knot polynomial discovered by Vaughan Jones in 1984.  Specifically, it is an invariant of an oriented knot or link which assigns to each oriented knot or link a Laurent polynomial in the variable  with integer coefficients.
Madison Kingdon
Madi Kingdon (born April 20, 1993) is an American indoor volleyball player. She is a member of LOVB Pro. She attended the University of Arizona, where she received both AVCA Indoor and AVCA Sand All-American honors.

Beijing BAIC Motor women's volleyball team
Beijing BAIC Motor women's volleyball team (Chinese: 北京汽车女排) is a professional women's volleyball club based in Beijing, which play in the Chinese Women's Volleyball League (CVL). The team is sponsored by Beijing Automobile Works (BAW).

The team won the Chinese Women's Volleyball League Group B champions at season 2010–2011 . From the 2011–2012 season, they started to play in the Chinese Women's Volleyball League Group A.

The team won their first Chinese champions title in Season 2018/19.
Gruber–De Gasperi Agreement
The Gruber–De Gasperi Agreement was a bilateral treaty that was signed by the foreign minister of Austria, Karl Gruber, and the prime minister of Italy, Alcide De Gasperi, on 5 September 1946. Recognized by international law, it granted the German-speaking population of the Province of South Tyrol the right to autonomy and to preserve its cultural identity and customs. It also recognized German and Italian as official languages.

People were granted the right to return to their original German given and family names, which had been abandoned by many during the Fascists' programme of forced assimilation.

Alcide De Gasperi
Alcide Amedeo Francesco De Gasperi (Italian: [alˈtʃiːde de ˈɡasperi]; 3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian politician and statesman who founded the Christian Democracy party and served as prime minister of Italy in eight successive coalition governments from 1945 to 1953.

De Gasperi was the last prime minister of the Kingdom of Italy, serving under both Victor Emmanuel III and Umberto II. He was also the first prime minister of the Italian Republic, and also briefly served as provisional head of state after the Italian people voted to end the monarchy and establish a republic. His eight-year term in office remains a landmark of political longevity for a leader in modern Italian politics. De Gasperi is the fifth longest-serving prime minister since the Risorgimento.

A devout Catholic, he was one of the founding fathers of the European Union along with fellow Italian Altiero Spinelli.
Granoblastic
Granoblastic is an adjective describing an anhedral phaneritic equi-granular metamorphic rock texture. Granoblastic texture is typical of quartzite, marble, charnockites and other non-foliated metamorphic rocks without porphyroblasts. Characteristics defining granoblastic texture include: grains visible to the unaided eye, sutured boundaries, and approximately equidimensional grains. The grain boundaries intersect at 120° triple junctions under ideal conditions.

A rock that has a granoblastic texture can be termed a granofels.

Charnockite
Charnockite (/ˈtʃɑːrnəkaɪt/) is any orthopyroxene-bearing quartz-feldspar rock formed at high temperature and pressure, commonly found in granulite facies’ metamorphic regions, sensu stricto as an endmember of the charnockite series.
Kilcock railway station
Kilcock railway station serves the town of Kilcock in County Kildare, Ireland.

It is a station on the Dublin Connolly to Longford Commuter service and Dublin to Sligo InterCity service. Passengers change at Maynooth to travel to stations on the Dublin to Maynooth and Dublin to M3 Parkway Commuter services.

Kilcock
Kilcock (Irish: Cill Choca, meaning 'church of St Cocha') is a town and townland in the north of County Kildare, Ireland, on the border with County Meath. As of the 2022 census, it had a population of 8,674, making it the eighth largest town in County Kildare and 61st largest in Ireland. The town is located 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Dublin, and is on the Royal Canal. It is in a civil parish of the same name.

Local industries include a large Musgrave Group distribution centre, which supplies SuperValu and Centra stores across much of the country.
Pardelup Prison Farm
Pardelup Prison Farm is an Australian minimum-security prison located on a 2,600-hectare (6,425-acre) mixed farming operation 27 kilometres (17 mi) west of Mount Barker, Western Australia. The prison is unique to the region, with its focus on providing constructive work for prisoners to help to reintegrate into the community.

The site was originally the home of Andrew Muir (1802–1874), a district pioneer and flour-miller, and became a prison farm in 1927.

A work camp of the same name commenced in June 2002, initially accommodating 12 prisoners, and provides services to the Shire of Plantagenet. It was reopened as a prison farm in 2010 and has a capacity of 84 minimum security prisoners.

In April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, prisoners made 100 simple desks over two weeks for children who were having to study at home due to school closures, under Superintendent Jodi Miller.

Mount Barker, Western Australia
Mount Barker is a town and locality on Albany Highway and the administrative centre of the Shire of Plantagenet in the Great Southern region of Western Australia. At the 2021 census, Mount Barker had a population of 2,855.

The town was named after the nearby hill, which in turn was named in 1829 by Thomas Braidwood Wilson in honour of Captain Collet Barker, who was in command of Western Australia's original British settlement at King George's Sound from 1829 to 1831.
Hancock House (Ticonderoga, New York)
The Hancock House is an historic structure in Ticonderoga, New York. It is a replica of the Hancock Manor on Boston's Beacon Hill that was the residence of Thomas Hancock, the uncle of Founding Father John Hancock.

The Hancock House was built by philanthropist Horace A. Moses for the New York State Historical Association as a repository for "American Traditions in History and the Fine Arts;" the Association used it as its "Headquarters House" until after World War II. It was built in 1925–1926, and is a 4+1⁄2-story, five bay by three bay, Georgian Revival style granite building. It has a slate covered gambrel roof and full basement.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Fenimore Art Museum
The Fenimore Art Museum (formerly known as New York State Historical Association) is a museum located in Cooperstown, New York on the west side of Otsego Lake. Collection strengths include the Eugene and Clare Thaw Collection of American Indian Art, American fine and folk art, 19th and early 20th century photography, as well as rare books and manuscripts. The museum's mission is to connect its audience to American and New York State cultural heritage by organizing exhibits and public programs that "engage, delight and inspire."

The house organ was titled Heritage.

The Fenimore Art Museum is closely associated with The Fenimore Farm & Country Village, also in Cooperstown.
Kosmos 96
Kosmos 96 (Russian: Космос 96 meaning Cosmos 96), or 3MV-4 No.6, was a Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A 3MV-4 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 96 was to have made a flyby of Venus. However, due to a launch failure, it did not depart low Earth orbit. Its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere is often speculated as the cause of the Kecksburg UFO incident.

3MV
The 3MV planetary probe (short for 3rd generation Mars-Venus) is a designation for a common design used by early Soviet unmanned probes to Mars and Venus. It was an incremental improvement of earlier 2MV probes and was used for Zond 1, Zond 2 and Zond 3 missions to Mars as well as several Venera probes. It was standard practice of the Soviet space program to use standardized components as much as possible. All probes shared the same typical characteristics and differed usually in equipment necessary for specific missions. Each probe also incorporated improvements based on experience with earlier missions.