hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Somali Republic
The Somali Republic (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Soomaalida; Italian: Repubblica Somala; Arabic: جمهورية الصومال  aṣ-Ṣūmāl) was formed by the union of the Italian territory of Somaliland (formerly Italian Somaliland) and the State of Somaliland (formerly British Somaliland). A government was formed by Abdullahi Issa Mohamud and Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal and other members of the trusteeship and protectorate administrations, with Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf as President of the Somali National Assembly and Aden Abdullah Osman Daar as President of the Somali Republic.  On 22 July 1960, Daar appointed Abdirashid Ali Shermarke as prime minister. On 20 July 1961 and through a popular referendum, Somalia ratified a new constitution, which was first drafted in 1960. The new constitution was rejected by Somaliland.

The administration lasted until 1969, when the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) seized power in a bloodless coup and renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic.

Somali Youth League
The Somali Youth League (SYL, Somali: Ururka Dhalinyarada Soomaaliyeed 𐒚𐒇𐒚𐒇𐒏𐒖 𐒊𐒖𐒐𐒘𐒒𐒕𐒖𐒇𐒖𐒆𐒖 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒜𐒆, Arabic:  رابطة الشباب الصومالي, Italian: Lega dei Giovani Somali or Lega Somala della Gioventù), initially known as the Somali Youth Club (SYC), was the first political party in Somalia.

It played a key role in the nation's road to independence during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s.
Bedford, Massachusetts
Bedford is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population of Bedford was 14,161 at the 2022 United States census. Bedford is a suburb of Boston, located about 21 miles (31 km) northwest.

Massachusetts Route 4
Route 4 is an 18.26-mile-long (29.39 km) state highway in northeastern Massachusetts. It runs south to north, serving many of Boston's western and northwestern suburbs, from an interchange with Route 2 in Lexington northwest to an intersection with Route 3A in North Chelmsford.  Much of it, north of Lexington, runs parallel to U.S. Route 3 (the Northwest Expressway).  The entire route is contained within Middlesex County.
Kemmelberg
The Kemmelberg (English: Kemmel Hill, French: Mont Kemmel) is a hill formation in Flanders, Belgium. It is located less than a kilometre from the village of Kemmel, part of the municipality of Heuvelland in the province of West Flanders. The Kemmelberg is the highest point in the province with an altitude of 154 metres (505 ft), this is the geodetic point with mark Ch63.1, as measured by the National Geographical Institute (NGI) in Brussels in October 1951 via optical levelling.

Heuvelland
Heuvelland (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦøːvəlɑnt] ⓘ) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the villages of Dranouter, Kemmel, De Klijte, Loker, Nieuwkerke, Westouter, Wijtschate and Wulvergem. Heuvelland is a thinly populated rural municipality, located between the small urban centres of Ypres and Poperinge and the metropolitan area of Kortrijk-Lille along the E17. On 1 January 2006 Heuvelland had a total population of 8,217. The total area is 94.24 km2 which gives a population density of 87 inhabitants per km2. The name heuvelland is Dutch meaning "hill country", as the municipality is characterized by the different hills on its territory.
Cuvette Department
Cuvette is a department of the Republic of the Congo in the central part of the country. It borders the departments of Cuvette-Ouest, Likouala, Plateaux, and Sangha, and internationally, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The capital is Owando.  Cities and towns include Boundji, Makoua and Okoyo.

Okoyo
Okoyo is a town and the seat of Okoyo District in the Cuvette Region in central Republic of the Congo. It is on the Alima River and is served by Okoyo Airport.

1°28′S 15°05′E﻿ / ﻿1.467°S 15.083°E﻿ / -1.467; 15.083
Stonor
Stonor (/ˈstoʊnər/) is a mostly cultivated and wooded village in the civil parish of Pishill with Stonor, in the South Oxfordshire, district of Oxfordshire, England. It takes up part of the Stonor valley in the Chiltern Hills which rises to 120 meters above sea level within this south-east part of the civil parish, it is centred 3.8 miles (6.1 km) north of Henley-on-Thames. Stonor House close to the village centre has been the home of the Stonor family for more than eight centuries. The house and park are open to the public at certain times of the year. The house has a 12th-century private chapel built of flint and stone, with an early brick tower. There are also signs of a prehistoric stone circle in the park, which gives the place name its etymology.

Pishill with Stonor
Pishill with Stonor is a civil parish in the high Chilterns, South Oxfordshire. It includes the villages of Pishill (Ordnance Survey grid reference SU727899) and Stonor (OS Grid ref. SU737886), and the hamlets of Maidensgrove and Russell's Water. Pishill with Stonor was formed by the merger of the separate civil parishes of Pishill and Stonor (until 1896 a detached part of the parish of Pyrton) in 1922.  In 2011 it had a human population of 304 across its 10.54 km².
Miek
Miek is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Originally depicted as a heroic insectoid alien and ally of the Hulk, Miek later metamorphoses into a colossal female form and becomes his enemy.

Miek appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films Thor: Ragnarok (2017), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and Thor: Love and Thunder (2022). Originally depicted as a silent CGI character, he is portrayed by Carly Rees and voiced by Stephen Murdoch in the latter film.

Planet Hulk
"Planet Hulk" is a Marvel Comics storyline that ran primarily through issues of The Incredible Hulk starting in 2006. Written by Greg Pak, it dealt with the Marvel heroes' decision to send the Hulk away, his acclimation to and conquest of the planet where he landed, Sakaar, and his efforts to return to Earth to take his revenge.

There was also a special Planet Hulk: Gladiator Guidebook publication by Anthony Flamini and the storyline's main writer Greg Pak, similar to the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe detailing the characters, races and cultures within the storyline.

Elements from the storyline have been adapted into other media, including an animated film of the same name, as well as the live action film Thor: Ragnarok.
South Haven Christian School
South Haven Christian School is a private, K–12 Christian school located in Springfield, Tennessee. It is a ministry of South Haven Baptist Church and is of Independent Baptist affiliation. South Haven enrolls approximately 300 students.

The school is accredited by the Tennessee Association of Christian Schools (TACS) and approved by the Tennessee Department of Education.

Springfield, Tennessee
Springfield is the county seat of Robertson County, Tennessee, United States. It is located in Middle Tennessee near the northern border of the state. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 18,782.
Akola Fort
Akola Fort was built by Govind Appaji in 780 AD. It also called Korbandh before invaded by Asad khan, Later name was changed to Asadgadh in 1697 along with the Narnala and Akot forts forms the major fortifications of the Akola district Former name Beraar Province, Maharashtra, India.

Akola district
Akola district (Marathi pronunciation: [əkolaː]) is a district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The city of Akola is the district headquarters. Akola district forms the central part of Amravati Division, which was the former British Raj Berar Province.

Area of the district is 5,428 km2. It is bounded on the north and east by Amravati District, to the south by Washim District, and to the west by Buldhana District. Washim was earlier a part of Akola till 1999. Akola district includes seven talukas which are Akola, Akot, Telhara, Balapur, Barshitakli, Murtijapur and Patur.
Mount Pulaski Courthouse State Historic Site
The Mount Pulaski Courthouse State Historic Site is a historic county courthouse located in Mount Pulaski, Illinois, United States. It was the county seat of Logan County from 1848 until 1855. It is one of only two remaining courthouses from Illinois's Eighth Circuit, the circuit on which central Illinois lawyer Abraham Lincoln carried out much of his practice of law. The courthouse is operated by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency as a state historic site. Visitors are given guided tours of the recreated county offices and courtroom.

Illinois Historic Preservation Division
The Illinois Historic Preservation Division, formerly Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, is a governmental agency of the U.S. state of Illinois, and is a division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.  It is tasked with the duty of maintaining State-owned historic sites, and maximizing their educational and recreational value to visitors or on-line users.  In addition, it manages the process for applications within the state for additions to the National Register of Historic Places and other federal preservation schemes.
Shimodate, Ibaraki
Shimodate (下館市, Shimodate-shi) was a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the city had an estimated population of 64,467 and the density of 747.44 persons per km2. The total area was 86.25 km2.

On March 28, 2005, Shimodate, along with the towns of Akeno, Kyōwa and Sekijō (all from Makabe District) was merged to create the city of Chikusei and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

The city was founded on March 15, 1954, centered on Shimodate Station on the JR Mito Line. It is also the southern terminus of the Mooka Line (ex-JR, transferred to private ownership 1988) and the northern terminus of the Kanto Railway Jōsō Line.

Chikusei
Chikusei (筑西市, Chikusei-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2024, the city had an estimated population of 98,031 in 39,075 households and a population density of 478 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 31.2%. The total area of the city is 205.30 square kilometres (79.27 sq mi).
Malaspina family
The House of Malaspina was a noble Italian family of Longobard origin that descended from Boniface I, through the Obertenghi line, that ruled Lunigiana from the 13th to the 14th centuries, and the marquisate of Massa and lordship of Carrara (which later became the Duchy of Massa and Carrara and at a later time the Principality of Massa and the Marquisate of Carrara) since the 14th century.

Fosdinovo
Fosdinovo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Massa and Carrara in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Massa and about 110 kilometres (68 mi) northwest of the regional capital Florence.

Fosdinovo borders the following municipalities: Aulla, Carrara, Castelnuovo Magra, Fivizzano, Ortonovo, Sarzana.
Black Diamond Coal Mining Company
The Black Diamond Coal Mining Company was formed in 1861, consolidating the Cumberland and Black Diamond coal mines in the region of Mount Diablo, in Contra Costa County, California. During its years of operation as a mining company, it established three towns: Nortonville, California, Southport, Oregon, and Black Diamond, Washington. The company's mines in California and its settlement of Nortonville later became part of the Black Diamond Mines Regional Park and a California Historical Landmark. Several railroad lines were built in California and Washington to support the company's mines, and the company operated numerous ships to transport its coal. As the mines played out and petroleum became the more common source of energy, the company closed its mines and transitioned into real estate as the Southport Land and Commercial Company.

History of Bellingham, Washington
The history of Bellingham, Washington, as it is now known, begins with the settling of Whatcom County in the mid-to-late 19th century.

The name of Bellingham is derived from the bay on which the city is situated. George Vancouver, who visited the area in June 1792, named the bay for Sir William Bellingham, the controller of the storekeeper's account of the Royal Navy.
Weito River
The Weito River (also known as the Weyt’o Wenz, Tullaya River) is a river in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. It rises in the Guge Mountains, flowing south into Lake Chew Bahir at latitude and longitude 4°49′58″N 36°58′54″E﻿ / ﻿4.83278°N 36.98167°E﻿ / 4.83278; 36.98167.

The Weito defines the boundary between the Bena Tsemay woreda and the Konso special woreda, as well as part of the boundary between the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region and the Oromia Region. The river is subject to seasonal flooding.

Tributaries include the Sagan River and the Segen River.

Segen River
The Segen is a river that arises from Delo Mountain, central Amarro, Ethiopia. The river flows to the east, then to the north and to the west and last to the south to join the Weito River. The Segen and the Weito then flow into Lake Chew Bahir. On the western side of Amarro horst the valley through which the river flows is called Segen Valley.

The Segen River valley is home to five neighboring ethic groups, the Konso, Dirashe, Burji, Amaro and Alle.

The Segen river comprises part of the Konso - Segen important bird area, which is home to 26 qualifying species.
Cork county football team
The Cork county football team represents Cork in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Cork GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Munster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Cork's home ground is Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork. The current manager is John Cleary.

Cork was the third Munster county both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final, following Limerick and Tipperary. The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2012, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2010 and the National League in 2012.

Tyrone county football team
The Tyrone county football team (/tɪˈroʊn/) represents Tyrone GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in the Gaelic sport of football. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Ulster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Tyrone's home ground is Healy Park, Omagh. The current team manager is Malachy O'Rourke. Their longest-standing and fiercest rivalry is with Armagh, one of their geographic neighbors in Ulster. The team last won the Ulster Senior Championship in 2021, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2021 and the National League in 2003.
Lee Graber
Lee W. Graber (born 1946) is an American orthodontist who is the recipient of the Albert H. Ketcham Award in 2012. He also co-authored the textbook Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques  along with his father Thomas M. Graber. He is a past president of World Federation of Orthodontists.

Thomas M. Graber
T. M. "Tom" Graber (May 27, 1917 – June 26, 2007) was an American orthodontist known for his contributions to the field of orthodontics. Graber wrote 28 books on orthodontics and dental anatomy. He also wrote chapters in more than 20 books and over 175 published articles.
Uronarti
Uronarti is an island and archaeological site in the Nile just south of the Second Cataract in the north of Sudan. The site features a massive ancient fortress that still stands on its northern end. This fortress is one of many constructed along the Nile in Lower Nubia during the Middle Kingdom, beginning under the reign of Senusret I.

This site was thought to be submerged under Lake Nasser, however parts remain above water and recently seen the establishment of new archaeological projects. The discoveries of the project include an extramural settlement contemporary with the fortress, called Site FC, and further details on the settlement itself.

Buhen
Buhen, alternatively known as Βοὥν (Bohón) in Ancient Greek, stands as a significant ancient Egyptian settlement on the western bank of the Nile, just below the Second Cataract in present-day Northern State, Sudan. Its origins trace back to the Old Kingdom period (about 2686–2181BCE), where it served as an Egyptian colonial town, particularly recognized for copper smelting. In 1962, archaeological discoveries brought to light an ancient copper manufacturing facility encircled by an imposing stone barrier, indicating its origin during the rule of Sneferu in the 4th Dynasty. Inscriptions and graffiti disclosed a continuous Egyptian presence spanning two centuries, only to be interrupted by migration from the southern regions in the 5th Dynasty.
Herman Otto Hartley
Herman Otto Hartley (born Hermann Otto Hirschfeld in Berlin, Germany; 1912–1980) was a German American statistician. He made significant contributions in many areas of statistics, mathematical programming, and optimization. He also founded Texas A&M University's Department of Statistics.

Hartley's earliest papers appeared under the name H.O. Hirschfeld. He translated his German last name Hirschfeld (Hirsch = Hart, Feld = field = lea = ley) into English.

Hartley's test
In statistics, Hartley's test, also known as the Fmax test or Hartley's Fmax, is used in the analysis of variance to verify that different groups have a similar variance, an assumption needed for other statistical tests. It was developed by H. O. Hartley, who published it in 1950.

The test involves computing the ratio of the largest group variance, max(sj2) to the smallest group variance, min(sj2). The resulting ratio, Fmax, is then compared to a critical value from a table of the sampling distribution of Fmax. If the computed ratio is less than the critical value, the groups are assumed to have similar or equal variances.

Hartley's test assumes that data for each group are normally distributed, and that each group has an equal number of members. This test, although convenient, is quite sensitive to violations of the normality assumption. Alternatives to Hartley's test that are robust to violations of normality are O'Brien's procedure, and the Brown–Forsythe test.
Armed Services Editions
Armed Services Editions (ASEs) were small paperback books of fiction and nonfiction that were distributed in the American military during World War II. From 1943 to 1947, some 122 million copies of more than 1,300 ASE titles were distributed to service members, with whom they were enormously popular. The ASEs were edited and printed by the Council on Books in Wartime (CBW), an American non-profit organization, in order to provide entertainment to soldiers serving overseas, while also educating them about political, historical, and military issues. The slogan of the CBW was: "Books are weapons in the war of ideas."

Council on Books in Wartime
The Council on Books in Wartime (1942–1946) was an American non-profit organization founded by booksellers, publishers, librarians, authors, and others, in the spring of 1942 to channel the use of books as "weapons in the war of ideas" (the council's motto). It promoted the use of books to influence the thinking of the American people regarding World War II, to build and maintain the will to win, to expose the true nature of the enemy, to disseminate technical information, to provide relaxation and inspiration, and to clarify war aims and problems of peace.
Hansi Müller
Hans Peter "Hansi" Müller (born 27 July 1957) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder. Both his parents were of Danube Swabian descent (German: Donauschwaben) that were displaced from Yugoslavia after World War II. His father was born in Bačka Palanka and his mother in Inđija, both towns part of the province Vojvodina in Serbia.

UEFA Euro 1980
The 1980 UEFA European Football Championship finals tournament was held in Italy. This was the sixth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and endorsed by UEFA. It was the first European Championship to feature eight teams in the finals, which took place between 11 and 22 June 1980. West Germany won the final 2–1 against Belgium for their second title. This was the last European Championship with a third place play-off.
Flupentixol
Flupentixol (INN), also known as flupenthixol (former BAN), marketed under brand names such as Depixol and Fluanxol is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class. It was introduced in 1965 by Lundbeck. In addition to single drug preparations, it is also available as flupentixol/melitracen—a combination product containing both melitracen (a tricyclic antidepressant) and flupentixol (marketed as Deanxit).
Flupentixol is  not approved for use in the United States. It is, however, approved for use in the UK, Australia, Canada, Russian Federation, South Africa, New Zealand, Philippines, Iran, Germany, and various other countries.

Flupentixol/melitracen
Flupentixol/melitracen (trade name Deanxit) is a combination of two psychoactive agents flupentixol and melitracen. It is designed for short term usage only. It is produced by Lundbeck.

Flupentixol is a thioxanthene antipsychotic, and melitracen is a tricyclic antidepressant. Low dose Flupentixol (0.5 mg-3 mg) has antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects, while melitracen has antidepressant effect. The mixture of the two components is used to treat mild to moderate mental disorders.

Flupentixol acts as a dopamine 1 and 2 receptor antagonist and melitracen acts in similar way to other tricyclic antidepressants blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in presynaptic terminals.
Lisfranc injury
A Lisfranc injury, also known as Lisfranc fracture, is an injury of the foot in which one or more of the metatarsal bones are displaced from the tarsus.

The injury is named after Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin, a French surgeon and gynecologist who noticed this fracture pattern amongst cavalrymen in 1815, after the War of the Sixth Coalition.

Tarsometatarsal joints
The tarsometatarsal joints (Lisfranc joints) are arthrodial joints in the foot. The tarsometatarsal joints involve the first, second and third cuneiform bones, the cuboid bone and the metatarsal bones.
The eponym of Lisfranc joint is 18th–19th-century surgeon and gynecologist Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin.
Blek le Rat
Blek le Rat (pronounced [blɛk lə ʁa]; born Xavier Prou, 1952) is a French graffiti artist. He was one of the first graffiti artists in Paris, and has been described as the "Father of stencil graffiti".

Street art
Street art is visual art created in public locations for public visibility. It has been associated with the terms "independent art", "post-graffiti", "neo-graffiti" and guerrilla art.

Street art has evolved from the early forms of defiant graffiti into a more commercial form of art, as one of the main differences now lies with the messaging. Street art is often meant to provoke thought rather than rejection among the general audience through making its purpose more evident than that of graffiti. The issue of permission has also come at the heart of street art, as graffiti is usually done illegally, whereas street art can nowadays be the product of an agreement or even sometimes a commission. However, it remains different from traditional art exposed in public spaces by its explicit use of said space in the conception phase.