hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dagwood sandwich
A Dagwood sandwich is a tall, multilayered sandwich made with a variety of meats, cheeses, and condiments. It is named after Dagwood Bumstead, a central character in the comic strip Blondie, who is frequently illustrated making enormous sandwiches. According to Blondie scripter Dean Young, his father, Chic Young, began drawing the huge sandwiches in the comic strip in 1936.

Lunch meat
Lunch meats—also known as cold cuts, luncheon meats, cooked meats, sliced meats, cold meats, sandwich meats, delicatessens, and deli meats—are precooked or cured meats that are sliced and served cold or hot. They are typically served in sandwiches or on a tray. They can be purchased canned, pre-sliced (usually in vacuum packs), or they can be sliced to order, most often in delicatessens and charcuteries.

Lunch meats are processed meats designed for convenience. The preservatives added to extend the shelf life have been increasingly scrutinized due to potential links to certain diseases. In the US, Listeria infection is possible and has resulted in additional guidelines from the CDC for the elderly.
Diviciacus (Aedui)
Diviciacus or Divitiacus was a druid of the Aedui tribe who lived in Gaul during the 1st century BC. He is the only druid from antiquity whose existence is attested by name. The name may mean "avenger". His date of birth is unknown, though he was an adult during the late 60s BC, and an aristocrat who took part in the clans' decision-making, as described by Julius Caesar in Caesar's The Gallic War.

Diviciacus supported the Aedui's pre-existing alliance with Rome. He was a leader of the pro-Roman faction, and would ultimately aid Julius Caesar in his conquest of Gaul. However, his younger brother Dumnorix was a leader of the tribe’s anti-Roman faction; who “...thought it better to be dominated by their fellow Gauls... rather than the Romans.”. Dumnorix would secretly work to undermine Caesar’s and Diviciacus’ efforts in Gaul. Both brothers appear in Caesar’s Commentaries on the Gallic War.

Aedui
The Aedui or Haedui (Gaulish: *Aiduoi, 'the Ardent'; Ancient Greek: Aἴδουοι) were a Gallic tribe dwelling in what is now the region of Burgundy during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

The Aedui had an ambiguous relationship with the Roman Republic, as well as other Gallic tribes. In 121 BC, they appealed to Rome against the Arverni and Allobroges. During the Gallic Wars (58–50 BC), they gave valuable though not whole-hearted support to Caesar, before eventually giving lukewarm support to Vercingetorix in 52. Although they were involved in the revolts of Iulius Sacrovir in 21 AD and Vindex in 68 AD, their aristocracy became highly Romanized under the Empire.
Sudanese Air Force
The Sudanese Air Force (Arabic: القوّات الجوّيّة السودانيّة, romanized: Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya As-Sudaniya) is the aerial warfare branch of the Sudanese Armed Forces. It was established in 1956 following Sudan's independence earlier that year, and first saw action in the First Sudanese Civil War.

Antonov An-12
The Antonov An-12 (Russian: Антонов Ан-12; NATO reporting name: Cub) is a four-engined turboprop transport aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. It is the military version of the Antonov An-10 and has many variants. For more than three decades, the An-12 was the standard medium-range cargo and paratroop transport aircraft of the Soviet air forces. A total of 1,248 aircraft were built.
Cheshire County Cricket Club
Cheshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty national county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cheshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cheshire played List A matches occasionally until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se. The club does not have a base but plays matches around the county including at Chester Boughton Hall, Didsbury, Nantwich, New Brighton, Grappenhall, Tattenhall and at Moss Lane, Alderley Edge.

Moss Lane, Alderley Edge
Moss Lane is a cricket ground in Moss Lane, Alderley Edge, Cheshire. The ground is surrounded on all four sides by residential housing. The ground is used by Alderley Edge Cricket Club. It is also a venue for tennis, squash and field hockey.
Nex Aviation
Nex Aviation was a charter airline, based in Galway, Ireland, which began operations on 1 July 2007, using two former Flightline BAe 146-200. The airline mainly flew from Waterford and Galway on behalf of the Irish regional operator, Aer Arann, during the summer months.

Stobart Air
Stobart Air was an Irish regional airline based in Dublin,  that began operations in 1970 and ceased in 2021. It operated scheduled services under the brands Aer Lingus Regional, BA CityFlyer and KLM Cityhopper on behalf of their respective owners. Stobart Air had operating bases in Cork, Dublin and Belfast for Aer Lingus Regional.

The airline originated as Aer Arann, providing services from Galway to the Aran Islands in 1970, and the 1990s grew into a regional airline, with Aer Arann Regional based in Dublin. A major refinancing in 2014 was associated with a name change to Stobart Air.

Stobart Air was closed and began liquidation in June 2021.
Baldwin Spencer (politician)
Winston Baldwin Spencer (born 8 October 1948) is an Antiguan politician who was the third prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 to 2014.

Spencer led the opposition United Progressive Party (UPP) to victory in the March 2004 parliamentary election. In addition to serving as prime minister, he became minister of foreign affairs on 6 January 2005.

Spencer's party was swept from power in the June 2014 general election.

Minister of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Barbuda Affairs
This is a list of foreign ministers of Antigua and Barbuda.

1981–1991: Lester Bird

1991: Vere Bird

1991–2004: Lester Bird

2004–2005: Harold Lovell

2005–2014: Baldwin Spencer

2014–2018: Charles Fernandez

2018–present: Paul Chet Greene
Nagaoka-kyō
Nagaoka-kyō (長岡京) was the capital of Japan from 784 to 794. Its location was in Otokuni District, Yamashiro Province, corresponding to a 4.3 x 5.3 kilometer area spanning the borders of the modern cities of  Mukō and Nagaokakyō, Kyoto, the town of Ōyamazaki, and the Nishikyō-ku ward of the city of Kyoto. The ruins of the palace have been found in the Kaidecho neighbourhood of the city of Mukō and have been designated as a National Historic Site since 1964, with the area under protection expanded in 2016.

Nagaokakyō, Kyoto
Nagaokakyō (長岡京市, Nagaokakyō-shi) is a city located in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 September 2023, the city has an estimated population of 82,279 in 37718 households and a population density of 4700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 19.17 square kilometres (7.40 sq mi).
Pruzhany
Pruzhany is a town in Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pruzhany District. The town is located at the confluence of the Mukha River and the Vets Canal, where the Mukhavets River rises. As of 2025, it has a population of 18,824.

Pruzhany district
Pruzhany district or Pružany district (Belarusian: Пружанскі раён, romanized: Pružanski rajon; Russian: Пружанский район, romanized: Pruzhansky rayon) is district (raion) of Brest region in Belarus. Its administrative center is Pruzhany. As of 2024, it has a population of 41,603.
Nigel Powell
Nigel Powell (born 1 October 1971) is an English multi-instrumental musician from Abingdon.

Powell was born in Bromley, London, and educated at Abingdon School. While at school he was in a band called Illiterate Hands, which also featured future Radiohead lead guitarist Jonny Greenwood and Andy Yorke, brother of Thom Yorke.

He is best known as the former drummer for Frank Turner's live and studio backing band; the Sleeping Souls. Nigel is also a member of the Oxford-based alternative rock band Dive Dive. and Unbelievable Truth. He is endorsed by Pro-Mark Sticks and Sabian Cymbals. Frank Turner and the Sleeping Souls headlined at Wembley Arena in April 2012, and played at the Opening Ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games in London. On October 23, 2020, Powell  announced via his social media that his tenure with Frank Turner and the Sleeping Souls was ending, and he would be focusing on his solo project, the Sad Song Co.

Love Ire & Song
Love Ire & Song is the second studio album by English singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released on 31 March 2008 by Xtra Mile Recordings. On 26 January 2009, the album was re-released as a deluxe version, including the First Three Years compilation album.  Love Ire & Song was re-released on 21 July 2009 through Epitaph Records, where Frank Turner had recently signed to.

In October 2008, Turner released the track "Long Live the Queen" as a benefit single for the Breast Cancer Campaign, in honour of a close friend who succumbed to the disease.
Itoigawa Station
Itoigawa Station (糸魚川駅, Itoigawa-eki) is a railway station in Itoigawa, Niigata, Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) and the third-sector railway operator Echigo Tokimeki Railway. It is also a freight terminal for the Japan Freight Railway Company.

Itoigawa
Itoigawa (糸魚川市, Itoigawa-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2024, the city had an estimated population of 38,224 living in 17,028 households, and a population density of 51 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 746.24 square kilometres (288.12 sq mi).
Salmonid herpesvirus 3
Salmonid herpesvirus 3 (SalHV-3) is a species of virus in the genus Salmovirus, family Alloherpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.

The virus has been referred to as epizootic epitheliotrophic disease virus (EEDV) after the disease caused by the virus was first referred to as epizootic epitheliotrophic disease (EED) in 1989.

Salmonid herpesvirus 3 affects lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), resulting in several mass mortality events over the years.

Salmovirus
Salmovirus, previously called Salmonivirus, is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Alloherpesviridae. Salmonidae serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: salHV-3: epizootic epitheliotropic disease.
Kilkenny West
Kilkenny West (Irish: Cill Chainnigh Thiar), previously Maherquirke or  Dillons country, is a barony in west County Westmeath, Ireland. It was formed by 1542. It is bordered by County Longford to the west; it is also bordered by three other Westmeath baronies: Rathconrath (to the east), Brawny (to the south-west) and Clonlonan (to the south-east). The largest centre of population in the barony is the village of Glassan.

Clonlonan
Clonlonan (Irish: Cluain Lonáin) is a barony in south–west County Westmeath, Ireland. It was formed by 1672. It is bordered by County Offaly to the south and a small part of County Roscommon at Long Island on the River Shannon to the west. It also borders four other Westmeath baronies: Kilkenny West and Rathconrath (to the north), Moycashel (to the north–east) and Brawny (to the west). The largest centre of population in the barony is the town of Moate.
Ansungtangmyun
Ansungtangmyun (Korean: 안성탕면) is a brand of ramyeon produced by Nongshim in South Korea since 1983, and is the third highest-selling brand of noodles in South Korea. It is made with beef stock from cows in Anseong. In 1992, V Ansungtangmyun and in 1996, Shrimp Ansungtangmyun was launched. On June 22, 2005, Ansungtang noodles bowl made of pop-shaped container noodles was released, but it was discontinued due to sluggish sales, and 66g Ansungtang noodles cup was released on September 11, 2010. On September 10, 2018, to mark the 35th anniversary of the sale of Ansungtangmyun, a new seafood Ansungtangmyun was launched.

Nongshim
Nongshim Co., Ltd. (Korean: 농심) is a South Korean multinational food and beverage company headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. Nongshim was founded in 1965 under the name Lotte Food Industrial Company. The name was changed to Nongshim in 1978.

The current logo was published in 1991, and is meant to resemble a seed. In 2003, the business switched to a holding company system and became a subsidiary of Nongshim Holdings.

Nongshim is the largest instant noodles and snack company in South Korea. At the end of 2015, Nongshim had 2.57 trillion won in assets and 2.81 trillion won in sales. It runs 11 factories worldwide, has subsidiaries in Korea and overseas, and operates in more than 100 countries. The company is currently chaired by Shin Dong-won, son of the founder Shin Choon-ho.
Tiberio Carafa (1669–1742)
Tiberio Carafa (1669–1742) was a Neapolitan aristocrat and man of letters. He remained loyal to the Habsburgs throughout the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1715) and the War of the Polish Succession (1733–1735). A member of the Carafa family, he succeeded his father as the Prince of Chiusano in 1711.

Carafa family
Carafa or Caraffa is the name of an old and influential Neapolitan aristocratic family of Italian nobles, clergy, and men of arts, known from the 12th century.

Divided into numerous branches, the main and most important of which are the Carafa della Spina and the Carafa della Stadera, and decorated with the highest titles, it reached the height of its power with the 1555 election to the papal throne of Gian Pietro Carafa, with the name of Pope Paul IV.
Clavulanic acid
Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitor. While not effective by itself as an antibiotic, when combined with penicillin-group antibiotics, it can overcome antibiotic resistance in bacteria that secrete β-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins.

In its most common preparations, potassium clavulanate (clavulanic acid as a salt of potassium) is combined with:

amoxicillin (co-amoxiclav, trade names Augmentin, Clavulin, Tyclav, Clavaseptin (veterinary), Clavamox (veterinary), Synulox (veterinary), and others)

ticarcillin (co-ticarclav, trade name Timentin)

Clavulanic acid was patented in 1974. In addition to its β-lactamase inhibition, clavulanic acid shows off-target activity in the nervous system by upregulating the glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) and has been studied in the potential treatment of a variety of central nervous system disorders.

Β-Lactamase inhibitor
Beta-lactamases are a family of enzymes involved in bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. In bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, the bacteria have beta-lactamase which degrade the beta-lactam rings, rendering the antibiotic ineffective. However, with beta-lactamase inhibitors, these enzymes on the bacteria are inhibited, thus allowing the antibiotic to take effect. Strategies for combating this form of resistance have included the development of new beta-lactam antibiotics that are more resistant to cleavage and the development of the class of enzyme inhibitors called beta-lactamase inhibitors. Although β-lactamase inhibitors have little antibiotic activity of their own, they prevent bacterial degradation of beta-lactam antibiotics and thus extend the range of bacteria the drugs are effective against.
Pacific Island Labourers Act 1901
The Pacific Island Labourers Act 1901 (Cth) was an Act of the Parliament of Australia which was designed to facilitate the mass deportation of Pacific Islanders, or "Kanakas", working in Australia, especially in the Queensland sugar industry. Along with the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, enacted six days later, it formed an important part of the White Australia policy. In 1901, there were approximately 10,000 Pacific Islanders working in Australia, most in the sugar cane industry in Queensland and northern New South Wales, many working as indentured labourers or slaves, even with slavery being prohibited in Australia and the rest of the British Empire through the Slavery Abolition Act 1833. The Act ultimately resulted in the deportation of approximately 7,500 Pacific Islanders.

Kanaka (Pacific Island worker)
Kanakas were workers (a mix of voluntary and involuntary) from various Pacific Islands employed in British colonies, such as British Columbia (Canada), Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and Queensland (Australia) in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They also worked in California (United States) and Chile (see also Easter Island and the Rapa Nui).

Kanaka originally referred only to Native Hawaiians, from their own name for themselves, kānaka ʻōiwi or kānaka maoli, kānaka meaning 'man' in the Hawaiian language. In the Americas in particular, native Hawaiians were the majority; but Kanakas in Australia were almost entirely Melanesian. In Australian English kanaka is now avoided outside of its historical context, as it has been used as an offensive term.
Lambert Gardens
Lambert Gardens was a botanical garden of over 30 acres (120,000 m2) in the Reed neighborhood of Portland, Oregon, USA. It opened in 1930 and closed in 1968 and had a total estimated visitor count of 2,000,000, most of them believed to be out-of-towners.

Reed, Portland, Oregon
The Reed neighborhood of Portland, Oregon is in the southeast section of the city, just north of the campus of Reed College.
The neighborhood is bounded on the west by railroad tracks, on the north by SE Holgate Ave., on the  east by SE 39th Ave., and on the south by SE Reedway, SE Steele, and a line south of SE Insley and SE Harold Ct. Tucker Maxon School is located in the Reed Neighborhood, and the Reed Neighborhood Association sometimes uses the school to hold meetings.

It was the site of Lambert Gardens, replaced by housing in 1968.
Lev Loktev
Lev Abramovich Loktev (Russian: Лев Абрамович Ло́ктев; August 25, 1908 – April 28, 1981) was a Soviet artillery designer who served as the chief designer at Mikhail Kalinin Plant No. 8 in Podlipki, now part of Korolyov, Moscow Oblast.

37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K)
The 37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K) (Russian: 37-мм автоматическая зенитная пушка образца 1939 года (61-К)) is a Soviet 37 mm calibre anti-aircraft gun developed during the late 1930s and used during World War II. The land-based version was replaced in Soviet service by the AZP S-60 during the 1950s. Guns of this type were successfully used throughout the Eastern Front against dive bombers and other low- and medium-altitude targets. It also had some usefulness against lightly armoured ground targets.
Frank Aiken
Francis Thomas Aiken (13 February 1898 – 18 May 1983) was an Irish revolutionary and politician. He was chief of staff of the Anti-Treaty IRA at the end of the Irish Civil War. Aiken later served as Tánaiste from 1965 to 1969 and Minister for External Affairs from 1951 to 1954 and 1957 to 1969. He was also Minister for Finance from 1945 to 1948, Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures 1939 to 1945, and Minister for Defence from 1932 to 1939.

He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Louth constituency from 1923 to 1973, making him the second longest-serving member of Dáil Éireann and the longest-serving cabinet minister. Originally a member of Sinn Féin, he was later a founding member of Fianna Fáil.

Camlough
Camlough (/ˈkæm.lɒx/ KAM-lokh; from Irish Camloch, meaning 'crooked lake') is a village west of Newry in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The village is named after a lake, known as the Cam Lough. South of the village is Camlough Mountain (or Slieve Girkin), part of the Ring of Gullion which is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Camlough had a population of 1,074 at the 2011 census.
Exminster
Exminster is a village west of the Exeter ship canal and River Exe in Devon, England, 6 km (3.7 mi) south of Exeter, with a population of 4,379 at the 2021 census.

Exminster is an ancient village associated with a Saxon minster or religious community, founded here in the 8th century. and left by King Alfred the Great to his youngest son Aethelweard in his will of 889. In the 14th century, it was the seat of the Courtenay family, the Earls of Devon. William Courtenay, who was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1381 to 1396, was born here.

Exminster is part of the electoral ward of Kenn Valley. Exminster Marshes, to the east of the village, are a major site for birds, especially migratory ones, including the rare cirl bunting.

Peamore, Exminster
Peamore (anciently Pevmere, Peanmore, Peamont, etc.) is a historic country estate in the parish of Exminster, Devon, which is near the city of Exeter. In 1810 Peamore House was described as "one of the most pleasant seats in the neighbourhood of Exeter". The house was remodelled in the early 19th century and is now a grade II listed building, set in grade II listed parkland.
Nadzca'an
Nadzca'an is a Maya archaeological site located in the Balam Kú Biosphere Reserve of Campeche in Mexico. Nadzca'an was a classical period Maya city and ceremonial center built over an artificial plateau. It is located approximately 12 km northeast of the Maya site of Balamku. Numerous stelas have been found inside the main structures of the site, a mention to the emblem glyph of Calakmul is found carved on a monument from Nadzca'an.

Balamku
Balamku is a small Maya archaeological site located in the Mexican state of Campeche. It features elaborate plaster facades dating to the Early Classic period.  It has one of the largest surviving stucco friezes in the Maya world.  Balamku was first occupied from around 300 BC.  Its most important buildings date from AD 300–600.
Edward Goldie
Edward Goldie (1856–1921) was an English ecclesiastical architect who was notable for building Roman Catholic churches, mainly in the form of Gothic Revival architecture. He was the son of George Goldie.

Church of Our Lady and St Peter, Leatherhead
The Church of Our Lady and St Peter is a Roman Catholic church in Leatherhead, Surrey. It was founded as a local chapel during the First World War and later became a Parish church. It is situated between Copthorne Road and Garlands Road on the junction with St John's Avenue in Leatherhead. It is the only Catholic church in Leatherhead and is served by the Diocese of Arundel and Brighton.
Whitsunday Islands
The Whitsunday Islands are 74 continental islands of various sizes off the central coast of Queensland, Australia, 900 kilometres (560 miles) north of Brisbane. They were the traditional homelands of Ngaro and Gia (Juru) people, an Aboriginal Australian group, also called 'canoe people'.

Whitehaven Beach
Whitehaven Beach is on Whitsunday Island, Queensland, Australia. The island is accessible by boat, seaplane, or helicopter from Airlie Beach, as well as from Hamilton Island. It lies across from Stockyard Beach, also known as Chalkie's Beach, on Haslewood Island. The beach is seven kilometres in length and is famous for its white silica sands and turquoise water.
Bitti
Bitti (Sardinian: Bitzi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region of Sardinia. It is located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) north of Cagliari and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Nuoro. Bitti borders the municipalities of Alà dei Sardi, Buddusò, Lodè, Lula, Nule, Onanì, Orune, Osidda, and Padru.

Lodè
Lodè is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) north of Cagliari and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Nuoro. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,110 and an area of 120.9 square kilometres (46.7 sq mi).

Lodè borders the following municipalities: Bitti, Lula, Onanì, Padru, Siniscola, Torpè.
Bridgton, Maine
Bridgton is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States. The population was 5,418 at the 2020 census. A resort area in Maine's Lakes Region, Bridgton is home to Bridgton Academy, a private preparatory school, and the Four on the Fourth Road Race.

Bridgton is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

Pleasant Mountain Ski Area
Pleasant Mountain is a ski resort located in Bridgton, Maine, in Cumberland County.

Located on the northern end of Pleasant Mountain, the resort features two base areas and 245 skiable acres.  Pleasant Mountain first opened on January 23, 1938 and is the oldest major ski area in Maine. From 1988 until 2022, the area was known as Shawnee Peak.