hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tongrenelle
Tongrenelle (French pronunciation: [tɔ̃ɡʁənɛl]) is a hamlet of Wallonia in the municipality of Sombreffe, district of Tongrinne, located in the province of Namur), Belgium.

It is east of the village of Ligny and north of the village of Boignée and on the south-eastern side of the village of Tongrinne.

Within the hamlet is the Ferme-Château de Tongrenelle. A castle existed on the site which entered the historical record in 1209. During the Battle of Ligny 16 June 1815 the castle, a formidable redoubt, was garrisoned by a contingent from the 3rd Battalion of the Prussian 27th Regiment. during the first half of the 19th century the castle fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1860. What remains is now a moated manor house with buildings dating from the 17th and 18th centuries.

Battle of Ligny
The Battle of Ligny, in which French troops of the Armée du Nord under the command of Napoleon I defeated part of a Prussian army under Field Marshal Blücher, was fought on 16 June 1815 near Ligny in what is now Belgium. The result was a tactical victory for the French, but the bulk of the Prussian army survived the battle in good order, was reinforced by Prussian troops who had not fought at Ligny, and played a role two days later at the Battle of Waterloo. Ligny was the last victory in Napoleon's military career. In the culminating moment of this battle Blücher was wounded and carried off the battlefield, and was replaced by his chief of staff, Lieutenant General Gneisenau.
Jhonattan Vegas
Jhonattan Luis Vegas (born 19 August 1984) is a Venezuelan professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and is a two-time Olympian. He is the only Venezuelan to earn a PGA tour card or win a PGA tour event, and the only one to represent his country in the Presidents Cup or the Olympics.

2017 Presidents Cup
The 2017 Presidents Cup was the 12th edition of the Presidents Cup golf competition, played at Liberty National Golf Club in Jersey City, New Jersey, from September 28 to October 1, 2017. Steve Stricker and Nick Price were the captains of the U.S. and the International teams, respectively.

The United States were the defending champions and retained the trophy.

President Trump presented U.S. Captain Steve Stricker with the trophy. He became the first incumbent U.S. president to do so.
Juan José Linz
Juan José Linz Storch de Gracia (24 December 1926 – 1 October 2013) was a German-born Spanish sociologist and political scientist specializing in comparative politics. From 1961 he was Sterling Professor Emeritus of Sociology and Political Science at Yale University and later also an honorary member of the Scientific Council at the Juan March Institute. He is best known for his work on authoritarian political regimes and democratization.

Arturo Valenzuela
Arturo A. Valenzuela (born 23 January 1944) is a Chilean-American academic who was the United States Assistant Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs from  November 5, 2009, until August 2011.  His confirmation had been blocked by Senator Jim DeMint (R, SC) due to a dispute over President Barack Obama's approach to the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis. He previously served as Professor of Government and Director of the Center for Latin American Studies in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. He was previously Professor of Political Science and Director of the Council on Latin American Studies at Duke University. In May 2011 it was reported that Valenzuela would be leaving his government post later that summer to return to his academic activities. He officially left office at the end of August 2011.
Mike Slattery (politician)
Mike Slattery (September 3, 1981) is a Democratic former member of the Kansas House of Representatives, representing the 24th district from 2009 to 2013. He is the son of Jim Slattery, who served Kansas's 2nd district from 1983 to 1995. He was the youngest elected member of the Kansas Legislature during his tenure, and the only Democrat to defeat an incumbent in the Kansas House of Representatives in 2008.

Slattery received a Master of Business Administration from Duke University's Fuqua School of Business, as well as a bachelor's degree in Integrated Science and Technology with an emphasis in Energy and Environmental Policy from James Madison University.

He currently works for The Boston Consulting Group in their Washington D.C. office.

Jim Slattery
James Charles Slattery (born August 4, 1948) is an American politician. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995 representing Kansas's 2nd congressional district as a Democrat, was the Democratic nominee for governor in 1994 and was the Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator in 2008.
Capetian House of Courtenay
The Capetian House of Courtenay, also known simply as the House of Courtenay, was a royal house and cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. Founded by Peter I of Courtenay, a son of King Louis VI of France, the family drew its name from the lordship of Courtenay, to which Peter's wife was heiress.

Prince du sang
A prince du sang (French pronunciation: [pʁɛ̃s dy sɑ̃]) or prince of the blood is a person legitimately descended in male line from a sovereign. The female equivalent is princesse du sang (princess of the blood), being applied to the daughter of a prince of the blood. The most prominent examples include members of the French royal line, but the term prince of the blood has been used in other families more generally, for example among the British royal family and when referring to the Shinnōke in Japan.

In some European kingdoms, especially France, this appellation was a specific rank in its own right, with a more restricted use than other titles.  In France, such rank recognised succession to the throne, should the main male royal line fail, as with the House of Valois succeeded by the House of Bourbon.
Dentate gyrus
The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the subfields of the hippocampus, in the hippocampal formation. The hippocampal formation is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, and includes the hippocampus (including CA1 to CA4) subfields, and other subfields including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and presubiculum.

The dentate gyrus is part of the trisynaptic circuit, a neural circuit of the hippocampus, thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, the spontaneous exploration of novel environments and other functions. The dentate gyrus has toothlike projections from which it is named.

The subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus is one of only two major sites of adult neurogenesis in the brain, and is found in many mammals. The other main site is the subventricular zone in the ventricular system. Other sites  may include  the striatum and the cerebellum. However, whether significant neurogenesis takes place in the adult human dentate gyrus has been a matter of debate.

Entorhinal cortex
The entorhinal cortex (EC)  is an area of the brain's allocortex, located in the medial temporal lobe, whose functions include being a widespread network hub for memory, navigation, and the perception of time. The EC is the main interface between the hippocampus and neocortex. The EC-hippocampus system plays an important role in declarative (autobiographical/episodic/semantic) memories and in particular spatial memories including memory formation, memory consolidation, and memory optimization in sleep. The EC is also responsible for the pre-processing (familiarity) of the input signals in the reflex nictitating membrane response of classical trace conditioning; the association of impulses from the eye and the ear occurs in the entorhinal cortex.
Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone
52°30′N 31°45′W﻿ / ﻿52.50°N 31.75°W﻿ / 52.50; -31.75

Charlie–Gibbs fracture zone is a system of two parallel fracture zones. It is the most prominent interruption of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Azores and Iceland, with the longest faults in the North Atlantic, and is ecologically an important biosystems boundary. It can be traced over more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi), from north-east of Newfoundland to south-west of Ireland. It took 90 million years for the fault to grow to this length.

Fracture zone
A fracture zone is a linear feature on the ocean floor—often hundreds, even thousands of kilometers long—resulting from the action of offset mid-ocean ridge axis segments. They are a consequence of plate tectonics.  Lithospheric plates on either side of an active transform fault move in opposite directions; here, strike-slip activity occurs.  Fracture zones extend past the transform faults, away from the ridge axis; are usually seismically inactive (because both plate segments are moving in the same direction), although they can display evidence of transform fault activity, primarily in the different ages of the crust on opposite sides of the zone.

In actual usage, many transform faults aligned with fracture zones are often loosely referred to as "fracture zones" although technically, they are not. They can be associated with other tectonic features and may be subducted or distorted by later tectonic activity. They are usually defined with bathymetric, gravity and magnetic studies.
Robert Biscup
Robert S. Biscup (born June 4, 1952) is an American orthopaedic surgeon.

Biscup's work includes developments in major reconstructive spine surgery, failed spine surgery, and minimally invasive spine surgery, including laser microsurgery and micro-decompression laminoplasty. Biscup lectures frequently in Florida and around the world.

Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine
The Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine (OU-HCOM) is the medical school of Ohio University, the largest medical school in Ohio, and the only osteopathic medical school in the state. Heritage is ranked in the Top 50 U.S. medical schools for primary care.
Akite Agnes
Akite Agnes (born 19 March 1983) is a Ugandan stand-up comedian, actress, MC, and philanthropist. She is popularly known for her role as Arach in the series The Hostel. She has also acted in Pearl Magic's Girl from Mparo as Mama Brian, the nosy neighbour. Her style of comedy reflects on the daily issues that people face as they go about their lives.

Patrick Salvado Idringi
Patrick Idringi (born 14 February 1985), known as Patrick Salvado, is a Ugandan comedian, actor, master of ceremonies, radio personality and engineer. He is also known as "The Arrogant Man". He was first runner up in the MultiChoice Africa organised comedy competition, Standup Uganda in 2009. He reached the semi-finals of the World's Funniest Person competition in 2016 and was nominated in 2017 and 2018 in the Savannah Comic Choice Awards as the Pan African Comic of the Year. He is also quite known for his sheer arrogance and hypocrisy
Anton Kikaš
Anton Kikaš (born 1941) is a Croatian-Canadian business man who was arrested for arms smuggling by Yugoslav authorities on 31 August 1991 during the Croatian war of independence and subsequently released in an exchange on 25 November 1991.

Croatian Canadians
Croatian Canadians (French: Canadiens d'origine croate) are Canadian citizens who are of Croatian descent. The community exists in major cities including the Greater Toronto Area, Hamilton, Ottawa, Vancouver, Victoria, Calgary, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Windsor, Montreal and Waterloo Region.

Popular events celebrated in the Croatian-Canadian community include the Canadian-Croatian Folklore Festival (held both in eastern and western Canada), the Croatian-North American Soccer Tournament, North American Mladifest and annual Croatia days, organised by Croatian Cultural Centre in Vancouver.
Fossil collecting
Fossil collecting (sometimes, in a non-scientific sense, fossil hunting) is the collection of the fossils for scientific study, hobby, or profit. Fossil collecting, as practiced by amateurs, is the predecessor of modern paleontology and many still collect fossils and study fossils as amateurs. Professionals and amateurs alike collect fossils for their scientific value. A commercial trade in fossils has long existed, with some of this being practiced illegally.

Mineral collecting
Mineral collecting is the hobby of systematically collecting, identifying and displaying mineral specimens. Mineral collecting can also be a part of the profession of mineralogy and allied geologic specialties.  Individual collectors often specialize in certain areas, for example collecting samples of several varieties of the mineral calcite from locations spread throughout a region or the world, or of minerals found in pegmatites.
Taiju Shiratori
Taiju Shiratori (白鳥大珠, Shiratori Taiju; born February 2, 1996) is a Japanese professional muay thai kickboxer and former boxer. A professional competitor since 2011, Shiratori began his career as a muay thai fighter, most notably winning the WPMF Japan title in 2013. Following an unsuccessful two year boxing career, Shiatori transitioned to kickboxing. He was the 2019 RISE Lightweight champion and RISE World Series winner, as well as the 2021 Rizin KICK tournament winner.

Between July and November 2021 he was the #4 ranked bantamweight in the world according to Combat Press. Combat Press ranks him as the #5 super bantamweight kickboxer in the world. Shiratori was ranked as a top ten bantamweight by Combat Press between August 2019 and August 2020, peaking at #1 between April and August 2020. Combat Press furthermore ranked him as a top ten super bantamweight between September 2020 and March 2021, peaking at #1 in September and November 2020.

Kouzi (kickboxer)
Kōji Tanaka (田中宏治, Tanaka Kōji), better known as Kouzi (皇治, Kōji), is a retired Japanese kickboxer, fought out of Japan. As of July 2021, he was the #7 ranked Bantamweight according to Combat Press. He's been ranked since May 2019.
Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support
Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support (CALS) is a United States Department of Defense initiative for electronically capturing military documentation and linking related information.

The initiative has developed a number of standard specifications (protocols) for the exchange of electronic data with commercial suppliers. These standards are often referred to as simply "CALS". CALS standards have been adopted by several other allied nations.

The CALS initiative has endorsed IGES and STEP as formats for digital data.

CALS includes standards for electronic data interchange, electronic technical documentation, and guidelines for process improvement.

The CALS Table Model is a DTD standard for representing tables in SGML/XML. (see also DocBook)

The CALS Raster file format was developed in the mid-1980s to standardize on graphics data interchange for electronic publishing for the federal government.

CALS was known formerly as Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistic Support.

CALS Raster file format
The CALS Raster file format is a standard for the interchange of graphics data. It was developed by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) as part of the Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support (CALS) initiative. It defines a standard storing raster (bit-mapped) image data, either uncompressed or compressed using CCITT Group 4 compression.
Augelite
Augelite is an aluminium phosphate mineral with formula: Al2(PO4)(OH)3. The shade varies from colorless to white, yellow or rose. Its crystal system is monoclinic.

It was first described by Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand for an occurrence in Västanå iron mine  at Scania, Sweden in 1868 and derives its name from the Greek αύγή in reference to its pearly lustre.

It occurs as a product of metamorphism of phosphate bearing peraluminous sediments and in high-temperature hydrothermal ore deposits. It occurs in association with attakolite, svanbergite, lazulite, hematite, trolleite, berlinite, rutile,  pyrophyllite, baryte, arsenopyrite, stannite, pyrite, andorite, cassiterite and zinkenite.

Phosphate mineral
Phosphate minerals are minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO3−4) anion, sometimes with arsenate (AsO3−4) and vanadate (VO3−4) substitutions, along with chloride (Cl−), fluoride (F−), and hydroxide (OH−) anions, that also fit into the crystal structure.

The phosphate class of minerals is a large and diverse group, however, only a few species are relatively common.
Naimans
The Naiman (/ˈnaɪmən/; Karakalpak: Nayman; Kazakh: Найман, نايمان [nɑjˈmɑn]; Kyrgyz: Найман; Mongolian: ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ [ˈnɛːmɴ̩]; Nogai: Найман; Uzbek: Nayman), meaning The Eight, was a medieval tribe originating in the territory of modern Western Mongolia (possibly during the time of the Uyghur Khaganate), and is one of the 92 tribes of Uzbeks, modern Mongols, in the middle juz of the Kazakhs, Karakalpaks, Kyrgyzs and Nogais.

Kitbuqa
Kitbuqa Noyan (died 1260), also spelled Kitbogha, Kitboga, or Ketbugha, was an Eastern Christian of the Naimans, a group that was subservient to the Mongol Empire. He was a lieutenant and confidant of the Mongol Ilkhan Hulagu, assisting him in his conquests in the Middle East including the sack of Baghdad in 1258. When Hulagu took the bulk of his forces back with him to attend a ceremony in Mongolia, Kitbuqa was left in control of Syria, and was responsible for further Mongol raids southwards towards the Mamluk Sultanate based in Cairo. He was killed in 1260 at the Battle of Ain Jalut, which was the first major loss of the Mongolian advances and halted their expansion into Arabia and Europe.
Edvard Brandes
Carl Edvard Cohen Brandes (21 October 1847 – 20 December 1931) was a Danish politician, critic and author, and the younger brother of Georg Brandes and Ernst Brandes. He had a Ph.D. in eastern philology.

Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes
Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes (1 February 1844 – 6 August 1892) was a Danish economist, writer, and newspaper editor. He is best known for editing the Kjøbenhavns Børs-Tidende, which published articles written by leading Danish men of letters, including future Nobel Prize winner Henrik Pontoppidan, during a period later hailed as the Modern Breakthrough in Danish literature.

Outraged by his politicized blasphemy conviction for an article anonymously written by Pontoppidan for the Kjøbenhavns Børs-Tidende in 1889, Brandes committed suicide in 1892.
Norfolk County Correctional Center
The Norfolk County Correctional Center is a house of correction located on the median of Route 128 in Dedham, Massachusetts. The facility has 502 beds and opened in 1992. On average, 140 inmates are serving sentences and 260 inmates are awaiting trial. As of May 2019, the superintendent was Michael Harris, who replaced James O’Mara after serving from October 2018.

The Correctional Center replaced the Norfolk County Jail.

Norfolk County Jail (1817)
The Norfolk County Jail was a jail located on Village Avenue in Dedham, Massachusetts. It replaced the first Norfolk County Jail on nearby Highland Street.  Today, the building is a condominium complex.
2018–19 DEL2 season
The 2018–19 DEL2 season was the sixth season since the founding of the DEL2, the second tier of German ice hockey, set below the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. The season ran from 14 September 2018 till 28 April 2019. Löwen Frankfurt was crowned league premiers by finishing top of the regular season standings. Ravensburg Towerstars caused an upset by claiming the championship title by defeating Löwen Frankfurt 4-2 in the final series. Promoted team, Deggendorfer SC, was unable to survive in DEL2 and was relegated after losing the relegation playoffs final 3-4 against Wölfe Freiburg.

Löwen Frankfurt
The Löwen Frankfurt (English: Frankfurt Lions) are a professional ice hockey team based in Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. They currently play in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga.

The club is the successor of the Frankfurt Lions, formed in 1991, which experienced its greatest success in 2004 when it won the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. When the Lions folded in 2010 after having had their licence revoked by the DEL a new club was formed, the Löwen Frankfurt, which began play in the lower divisions of German ice hockey. The new club won promotion to the second-tier DEL2 in 2014, and to the DEL itself in 2022.

The Löwen play in the ice rink on Ratsweg. This was opened in 1981 and was long considered one of the most modern halls of its kind in Germany. It consists of 6,990 spectator spots, of which approximately 3,500 are seated and 3,500 standing. Löwen Frankfurt have 41 registered fan clubs.
Charley Stone
Charley Stone is an English multi-instrumentalist musician based in London, UK. Active in the indie scene since the early 1990s, in 2024 Stone released her debut solo album, "Here Comes The Actual Band", to positive reviews from Louder Than War, Loud Women, The Idler, and others.

Loud Women
Loud Women, stylised in all caps as LOUD WOMEN, is a nonprofit music promoter, online zine, festival and record label, established in London in 2015, and focusing on female DIY artists and female-led groups.

Loud Women has received coverage in Louder Than War, Vive Le Rock, God Is in the TV, NME, Clash and Kerrang!
2011–12 Qatari Stars Cup
The 2011 Qatari Stars Cup took place from October 2011 to March 2012. It was the 3rd edition of the cup.

It featured 12 teams from the Qatar Stars League divided into two groups, with the winner and runner-up of each group advancing to the semi-finals.

QSL Cup
The QSL Cup is a Qatari football competition formerly known as Qatari Stars Cup.

The knockout competition, which involves a round-robin structure, was first started in 2009 when the Qatar Stars League structure was amended. The competition was established to provide clubs with more competitive games during the regular season and was originally open only to clubs participating in the Qatar Stars League.

In 2024–25, the tournament was rebranded as the QSL Cup, with 11 teams participating in two groups. The tournament was expanded in 2025–26 to 20 teams, including the First and Second Division teams, which will form one league. The top 14 teams progress to the knockout stages.
Wylam Railway Bridge
Wylam Railway Bridge (officially West Wylam Bridge, also known as Hagg Bank Bridge and locally as Points Bridge and Half-Moon Bridge) is a footbridge and former railway bridge crossing the River Tyne at Hagg Bank, approximately 1⁄2 mile (0.8 km) west of Wylam in Northumberland, England.

Wylam
Wylam /ˈwaɪləm/ is a village and civil parish in the county of Northumberland, England. It is located about 10 miles (16 km) west of Newcastle upon Tyne.

It is famous for the being the birthplace of George Stephenson, one of the early railway pioneers. George Stephenson's Birthplace, his cottage, can be found on the north bank of the Tyne 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the village. It is owned by the National Trust.

Wylam has further connections with the early railway pioneers. The steam locomotive engineer Timothy Hackworth, who worked with Stephenson, was also born here. William Hedley who was born in the nearby village of Newburn attended the village school. He later went on to design and manufacture Puffing Billy in 1813, two years before George Stephenson produced his first locomotive Blücher. Christopher Blackett as lord of the manor in the first 30 years of the 19th century provided the entrepreneurial drive that encouraged these engineers.
Scottish Horse
The Scottish Horse was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army's Territorial Army raised in 1900 for service in the Second Boer War. It saw heavy fighting in both the First World War, as the 13th Battalion, Black Watch, and in the Second World War, as part of the Royal Artillery. It amalgamated with the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry to form the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse in 1956. The lineage is maintained by "C" Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse Squadron of The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry based in Cupar in Fife.

8th Cyclist Brigade
The 19th Mounted Brigade previously known as the 2/1st Scottish Horse Mounted Brigade was a 2nd Line yeomanry brigade of the British Army during the First World War.  In July 1916 it was converted to a cyclist formation as 12th Cyclist Brigade and redesignated as 8th Cyclist Brigade in November 1916.  It was still in existence, in Ireland, at the end of the war.