hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antiqua
Antiqua (/ænˈtiːkwə/) is a style of typeface used to mimic styles of handwriting or calligraphy common during the 15th and 16th centuries.  Letters are designed to flow, and strokes connect together in a continuous fashion; in this way it is often contrasted with Fraktur-style typefaces where the individual strokes are broken apart. The two typefaces were used alongside each other in the Germanophone world, with the Antiqua–Fraktur dispute often dividing along ideological or political lines. After the mid-20th century, Fraktur fell out of favor and Antiqua-based typefaces became the official standard in Germany. (In German, the term "Antiqua" refers to serif typefaces.)

Roman type
In Latin script typography, roman is one of the three main kinds of historical type, alongside blackletter and italic. Sometimes called normal or regular, it is distinct from these two for its upright style (relative to the calligraphy-inspired italic) and its simplicity (relative to blackletter).

During the early Renaissance, roman (in the form of Antiqua) and italic type were used separately. Today, roman and italic type are mixed, and most typefaces are composed of both an upright roman style and an associated italic or oblique style.
Julius Plücker
Julius Plücker (16 July 1801 – 22 May 1868) was a German mathematician and physicist. He made fundamental contributions to the field of analytical geometry and was a pioneer in the investigations of cathode rays that led eventually to the discovery of the electron. He also vastly extended the study of Lamé curves.

Duality (projective geometry)
In projective geometry, duality or plane duality is a formalization of the striking symmetry of the roles played by points and lines in the definitions and theorems of projective planes. There are two approaches to the subject of duality, one through language (§ Principle of duality) and the other a more functional approach through special mappings. These are completely equivalent and either treatment has as its starting point the axiomatic version of the geometries under consideration. In the functional approach there is a map between related geometries that is called a duality. Such a map can be constructed in many ways. The concept of plane duality readily extends to space duality and beyond that to duality in any finite-dimensional projective geometry.
Alabama Legislature
The Alabama Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is a bicameral body composed of the House of Representatives and Senate. It is one of the few state legislatures in which members of both chambers serve four-year terms and in which all are elected in the same cycle. The most recent election was on November 8, 2022. The new legislature assumes office immediately following the certification of the election results by the Alabama Secretary of State which occurs within a few days following the election.

The Legislature meets in the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The original capitol building, located nearby, has not been used by the Legislature on a regular basis since 1985, when it closed for renovations. In the 21st century, it serves as the seat of the executive branch as well as a museum.

Constitution of Alabama
The Constitution of the State of Alabama is the state constitution of the U.S. state of Alabama. It was adopted on November 28, 2022, as a recodification of the Alabama Constitution of 1901 which had been in effect since November 28, 1901, with the current version being Alabama's seventh constitution, making it the most recent of the 50 U.S. state constitutions.

The Constitution of Alabama is currently the longest active written constitution in the world at 369,380 words, more than two-and-a-half times the length of the second-longest, the English language version of the Constitution of India, and roughly three-fifths of the length of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace, a novel renowned for its extraordinary length.
Telstar 12V
Telstar 12V (Telstar 12 Vantage) is a communication satellite in the Telstar series of the Canadian satellite communications company Telesat. The satellite was the first dedicated commercial payload of the Japanese H-IIA launch vehicle.

Telstar
Telstar is a series of communications satellites. The first two, Telstar 1 and Telstar 2, were experimental and nearly identical. Telstar 1 was launched atop a Thor-Delta rocket on July 10, 1962, and relayed the first television pictures, telephone calls, and telegraph images through space. It also provided the first live transatlantic television feed. Telstar 2 was launched May 7, 1963. Telstar 1 and 2—though no longer functional—still orbit the Earth.
Causeway Bay station
Causeway Bay (Chinese: 銅鑼灣; Cantonese Yale: Tùnglòwāan) is an underground metro station on the MTR network in Hong Kong. It is located between Wan Chai and Tin Hau stations on the Island line, and sits underneath Great George Street near Hennessy Road and Yee Wo Street. Named for the Causeway Bay area and its abundant shopping centres, the station serves various malls including Hysan Place, Sino Plaza, Sogo, and the nearby Victoria Park.

A line servicing Hong Kong Island had been part of the initial 1967 plans for a metro system in the city. The Island line would be approved in 1980 while construction began two years later. In 1985 the station opened along with the first section of the line, which would be extended westward toward Kennedy Town in 2014. The station consists of two separate concourses situated atop two platforms stacked vertically due to geographical constraints and has 6 exits.

Times Square (Hong Kong)
Times Square (Chinese: 時代廣場) is a luxury shopping centre and office tower complex in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong. The complex, owned by Wharf Properties, part of The Wharf (Holdings) Limited group, opened on 13 April 1994.
Sagavanirktok River
The Sagavanirktok River or Sag River (Iñupiaq: Saġvaaniqtuuq) is a stream in the North Slope Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is about 180 miles (290 km) long and originates on the north slope of the Brooks Range, flowing north to the Beaufort Sea near Prudhoe Bay. The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System and Dalton Highway roughly parallel it from Atigun Pass to Deadhorse.

A glaciation happened approximately at the same time as the Illinoian Stage of central North America at the Sagavanirktok River.

Dalton Highway
The James W. Dalton Highway, usually referred to as the Dalton Highway (and signed as Alaska Route 11), is a 414-mile (666 km) road in Alaska. It begins at the Elliott Highway, north of Fairbanks, and ends at Deadhorse (an unincorporated community within the CDP of Prudhoe Bay) near the Arctic Ocean and the Prudhoe Bay Oil Fields. Once called the North Slope Haul Road (a name by which it is still sometimes known), it was built as a supply road to support the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System in 1974. It is named after James W. Dalton, a lifelong Alaskan and an engineer who supervised construction of the Distant Early Warning Line in Alaska and, as an expert in Arctic engineering, served as a consultant in early oil exploration in northern Alaska. It is also the subject of the second episode of America's Toughest Jobs, seasons 3 and 4 of Ice Road Truckers and the first episode of the BBC's World's Most Dangerous Roads. The road is about one-quarter paved and three-quarters gravel.
Sakura, Tochigi
Sakura (さくら市, Sakura-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [sa(ꜜ).kɯ.ɾa, sa.kɯ.ɾaꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2021, the city had an estimated population of 44,712 in 16,882 households, and a population density of 360 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 125.63 square kilometres (48.51 sq mi).

Utsunomiya
Utsunomiya (宇都宮市, Utsunomiya-shi; [ɯt͡sɯnomija] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of 1,232 persons per square kilometre (3,190/sq mi). The total area of the city is 416.85 km2 (160.95 sq mi). Utsunomiya is famous for its gyoza (pan fried dumplings). There are more than two hundred gyoza restaurants in Utsunomiya.

Greater Utsunomiya (宇都宮都市圏, Utsunomiya Toshi-ken) had a population of 888,005 in the 2000 census. The nearby city of Oyama is included in Greater Tokyo, but Greater Utsunomiya is not, despite the two areas amalgamating somewhat. It is the 10th most populated city in the Kantō region.
Yeongam County
Yeongam ([jʌŋam]) is a city and county in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. Bordered with Mokpo and Naju to the north, Jangheung County to the east, and Haenam and Gangjin to the south, Yeongam County comprises two eups and nine myeons, populated with about 57,000 people, and its county hall is seated in Yeongam-eup.

The Korean Grand Prix was held along the harbor side, at the Korea International Circuit from 2010 to 2013. The track has been designed by the famous race track designer Hermann Tilke. The circuit is part permanent, part temporary. Construction began in 2007, and was completed in September/October 2010. The circuit had a contract to host the Grand Prix until 2016. After that, a 5-year option would have to be picked up to keep the race until at least 2021. However the race was cancelled after 2013.

Korea International Circuit
The Korea International Circuit (코리아 인터내셔널 서킷) is a 5.615 km (3.489 mi) motorsport circuit located in Yeongam, South Jeolla Province, South Korea, 320 km (200 mi) south of Seoul and near the port city of Mokpo. It was the venue for the Korean Grand Prix from 2010 to 2013 after a $264 million (250 billion won) deal between Bernie Ecclestone and the Korean F1 promoter Korea Auto Valley Operation (KAVO – a joint venture between M-Bridge Holdings and Jeollanam-do regional government).

By 2015, having only hosted four Grand Prix events and relegated to hosting modestly attended local races, the facility has been criticized as a debacle.
The Big Leap
The Big Leap is an American musical comedy drama television series created by Liz Heldens, based on the British reality miniseries Big Ballet, which aired on Fox during the 2021–22 television season. In March 2022, the series was canceled after one season.

Big Ballet
Big Ballet is a 2014 British documentary program that follows Wayne Sleep and prima ballerina Monica Loughman as they help a troupe of amateur plus-size dancers realize their dream of dancing Swan Lake. The three-episode series, produced by Rare Day and broadcast on Channel 4, premiered on February 6, 2014.

The dancers, referred to in the show as "fat" or "real women", range from UK size 12 to 24 – significantly larger than the norm in classical ballet. Eighteen dancers were selected from a pool of more than 500 applicants to participate in the series.
Bihta
Bihta is a town and Block under Danapur Tehsil in Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. Bihta is part of Maner assembly constituency under the Pataliputra Lok Sabha. It is located around 30 km (19 mi) west of Patna. Bihta is also an upcoming satellite town of Patna. The IIT Patna is around 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Bihta railway station.

Bihta Air Force Station
The Bihta Air Force Station is an Indian Air Force (IAF) base in Bihta in the state of Bihar, India. The military airfield lies 40 kilometres (20 mi) southwest of the state capital, Patna, and is spread over an area of around 900 acres (360 ha).

Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for a civil enclave at the air base on 29 May 2025.
Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug
A disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) is a disease-modifying drug that would inhibit or even reverse the progression of osteoarthritis. Since the main hallmark of osteoarthritis is cartilage loss, a typical DMOAD would prevent the loss of cartilage and potentially regenerate it. Other DMOADs may attempt to help repair adjacent tissues by reducing inflammation. A successful DMOAD would be expected to show an improvement in patient pain and function with an improvement of the health of the joint tissues.

Disease-modifying treatment
A disease-modifying drug, or disease-modifying therapy, is a treatment that delays, slows or reverses the progression of a disease by targeting its underlying cause. They are distinguished from symptomatic treatments that treat the symptoms of a disease but do not address its underlying cause.
FC Fakel Voronezh
FC Fakel Voronezh (Russian: Футбольный клуб "Факел" Воронеж) is a Russian professional football club based in Voronezh. Founded in 1947, the club has played in the Soviet Top League and the Russian Premier League. The club will return to the Russian First League in the 2025–26 season. The club holds the record for fan attendance in Eastern Europe.

2022–23 Russian Premier League
The 2022–23 Russian Premier League (known as the Mir Russian Premier League, also written as Mir Russian Premier Liga for sponsorship reasons) was the 31st season of the premier football competition in Russia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the 21st under the current Russian Premier League name.
KOffice
KOffice was a free and open source office and graphics suite developed by KDE for Unix-like and Windows systems. KOffice contains a word processor (KWord), a spreadsheet (KSpread), a presentation program (KPresenter), and a number of other components that varied over the course of its development.

KOffice was superseded by Calligra Suite in KDE. The KDE3 version is maintained by the Trinity Desktop project.

After development began in 1997, two major stable releases of KOffice were published: Version 1.0 in 2000 and 2.0 in 2009. Following internal conflicts, the majority of KOffice developers split off in 2010 – resulting in the creation of Calligra Suite. Two years later, in September 2012, the KOffice.org website went offline. It now redirects to Calligra.org.

Kexi
Kexi is a visual database applications creator tool by KDE, designed to fill the gap between spreadsheets and database services requiring more sophisticated development. Kexi can be used for designing and implementing databases, data inserting and processing, and performing queries. It is developed within the Calligra project but is released separately.

The impetus for developing Kexi came from a noticeable lack of applications having the features of LibreOffice Base, Microsoft Access, FoxPro, Oracle Forms or FileMaker while at the same time being powerful, inexpensive, open-standards-driven and sufficiently portable.

Kexi works natively under Linux/Unix (FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, Solaris) and Microsoft Windows operating systems. Older versions were available for Mac OS X (using Homebrew). macOS version was not released but can be compiled.

Kexi application and its frameworks are available under the LGPL. User and developer documentation is available under the GFDL.
Great Weigh House
The Great Weigh House (Polish: Wielka Waga Miejska) was a prominent building that existed on the main square of Kraków, Poland. It was located in between the Cloth Hall (Sukiennice) and Church of St. Adalbert to the east. Next to it was the Small Weigh House.

Church of St. Adalbert, Kraków
The Church of St. Adalbert or the Church of St. Wojciech (Polish: Kościół św. Wojciecha), located on the intersection of the Main Market Square and Grodzka Street in Old Town, Kraków, is one of the oldest stone churches in Poland. Its almost 1000-year-old history goes back to the beginning of the Polish Romanesque architecture of the early Middle Ages. Throughout the early history of Kraków the Church of St. Wojciech was a place of worship first visited by merchants travelling from across Europe. It was a place where citizens and nobility would meet.
Amos Waiaru
Christianity portal

Amos Stanley Waiaru OBE (19 April 1944 – 12 March 2011) was a Solomon Islands divine from Nafinuatog who served as the third Archbishop of the Province of Melanesia.

Waiaru was educated at Bishop Patteson Theological Centre, Kohimarama, Guadalcanal, and Pacific Theological College and  ordained deacon in St Barnabas' Cathedral, Honiara, on 10 December 1972, and priest in St Paul's Pro-Cathedral, Lolowai, on 4 May 1976. His first post was as Chaplain at Vureas High School in Vanuatu. From 1981 to 1987 he was Bishop of Temotu in the Solomon Islands. He was installed as Archbishop of Melanesia on 17 April 1988.

Archbishop of Melanesia
The Archbishop of Melanesia is the spiritual head of the Anglican Church of Melanesia, which is a province of the Anglican Communion in the South Pacific region, covering the nations of Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. From 1861 until the inauguration of Church of the Province of Melanesia in 1975, the Bishop of Melanesia was the head of the Diocese of Melanesia.
Murska Sobota railway station
Murska Sobota railway station (Slovene: Železniška postaja Murska Sobota) serves the municipality of Murska Sobota, Slovenia. It was opened in 1924.

On 29 January 2010, the first Holocaust memorial in Slovenia was unveiled at the station. It is dedicated to the memory of the once-significant Jewish community of the Prekmurje region. The members of the community were arrested by the Hungarian authorities in 1944 and transported to Hungary proper and Croatia, from which they were then deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi Germany.

Murska Sobota
Murska Sobota (pronounced [ˈmúːɾska ˈsóːbɔta] ⓘ, Slovenian abbreviation: MS [məˈsə́]; German: Olsnitz; Hungarian: Muraszombat) is a town in northeastern Slovenia. It is the centre of the Municipality of Murska Sobota near the Mura River in the region of Prekmurje and is the regional capital.
Hold On (Rapture Ruckus EP)
Hold On is an EP released on 8 June 2010 through Parachute by the New Zealand Hip Hop/ Rock band Rapture Ruckus. The Album is a New Zealand release of the debut EP Rapture Ruckus which is being released through Tooth & Nail records.

A pre release of the EP was made available on 29 January 2010 at the Parachute Music Festival 640 copies were printed and all sold in the first 24 hours of the festival. The EP charted at No. 7 on the NZ Top 40 albums chart and No. 1 on the NZ Independent albums chart.

Rapture Ruckus (EP)
Rapture Ruckus is the debut EP by New Zealand Christian hip hop/rock group Rapture Ruckus, released through Tooth & Nail Records on June 8, 2010. It is a US release of the EP, Hold On, which was released in New Zealand on the same day through Parachute Records containing a slightly different track listing.
Error function
In mathematics, the error function (also called the Gauss error function), often denoted by erf, is a function  defined as:

The integral here is a complex contour integral which is path-independent because  is holomorphic on the whole complex plane . In many applications, the function argument is a real number, in which case the function value is also real.

In some old texts,
the error function is defined without the factor of .
This nonelementary integral is a sigmoid function that occurs often in probability, statistics, and partial differential equations.

In statistics, for non-negative real values of x, the error function has the following interpretation: for a real random variable Y that is normally distributed with mean 0 and standard deviation , erf(x) is the probability that Y falls in the range [−x, x].

Two closely related functions are the complementary error function erfc:  defined as

and the imaginary error function erfi:  defined as

where i is the imaginary unit.

Abramowitz and Stegun
Abramowitz and Stegun (AS) is the informal name of a 1964 mathematical reference work edited by Milton Abramowitz and Irene Stegun of the United States National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Its full title is Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables.  A digital successor to the Handbook was released as the "Digital Library of Mathematical Functions" (DLMF) on 11 May 2010, along with a printed version, the NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions, published by Cambridge University Press.
Certificate of Primary Education
The Certificate of Primary Education (CPE) was an academic qualification in Mauritius awarded upon the completion of primary school. The exam last took place at the end of 2016 before it was replaced by the Primary School Achievement Certificate (PSAC) in 2017. The qualification was awarded upon earning passing marks on the primary school exams administered by the Mauritius Examinations Syndicate. Students who fully earned the qualification then progressed into secondary school to continue studying.

National Certificate of Education
The National Certificate of Education (NCE) is a national assessment conducted by the Mauritius Examination Syndicate (MES) based on the "Nine Year Continuous Basic Education". This examination is taken by Grade 9 students in Mauritius.

The first examination started around May 2021.
Breoghania
Breoghania is a Gram-negative genus of bacteria from the order of Hyphomicrobiales with one known species (Breoghania corrubedonensis).
Breoghania corrubedonensis has been isolated from beach sand which was contaminated with oil from Corrubedo in Spain.

Hyphomicrobiales
The Hyphomicrobiales (synonym Rhizobiales) are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria.

The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families. The four families Nitrobacteraceae, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Phyllobacteriaceae, and Rhizobiaceae contain at least several genera of nitrogen-fixing, legume-nodulating, microsymbiotic bacteria. Examples are the genera Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium. Species of the Methylocystaceae are methanotrophs; they use methanol (CH3OH) or methane (CH4) as their sole energy and carbon sources. Other important genera are the human pathogens Bartonella and Brucella, as well as Agrobacterium, an important tool in genetic engineering.
Oleg Markov
Oleg Markov (Belarusian: Олег Маркаў, born 8 May 1996) is a professional Australian rules footballer who last played for Collingwood in the Australian Football League (AFL).

He had previously played for Richmond after being selected in the 2015 AFL draft. He made his AFL debut in round 16 of the 2016 season. He was traded to Gold Coast after the 2020 season, where he played 2 seasons before being signed by the Collingwood Football Club.

2023 AFL Grand Final
The 2023 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football match contested between the Collingwood Football Club and the Brisbane Lions at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on Saturday, 30 September 2023. It was the 128th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (AFL), staged to determine the premiers for the 2023 AFL season. The match, attended by a capacity crowd of 100,024 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of four points, marking the club's sixteenth VFL/AFL premiership and tying the record held jointly by Carlton and Essendon. Collingwood's Bobby Hill won the Norm Smith Medal as the player judged best on ground.