hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
McNamara Line
The McNamara Line was an operational strategy employed by the United States in 1966–1968 during the Vietnam War, aimed to prevent infiltration of South Vietnam by People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces from North Vietnam and Laos. Physically, the McNamara Line was to run across South Vietnam along the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) from Cửa Việt to the Laotian border at Mường Phìn, Laos. The line included fortified bases along with stretches where roads and trails were guarded by high-tech acoustic and heat-detecting sensors on the ground and interdicted from the air.: 349 
Assorted types of mines, including so-called gravel mines, and troops at choke points backed sophisticated electronic surveillance. Named the barrier system by Robert McNamara (United States Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1968), it was one of the key elements, along with gradual aerial bombing, of his war strategy in Vietnam.: 508–509

Operation Igloo White
Operation Igloo White was a covert United States joint military electronic warfare operation conducted from late January 1968 until February 1973, during the Vietnam War. These missions were carried out by the 553rd Reconnaissance Wing, a U.S. Air Force unit flying modified EC-121R Warning Star aircraft, and VO-67, a specialized U.S. Navy unit flying highly modified OP-2E Neptune aircraft. This state-of-the-art operation utilized electronic sensors, computers, and communications relay aircraft in an attempt to automate intelligence collection. The system would then assist in the direction of strike aircraft to their targets. The objective of those attacks was the logistical system of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) that snaked through southeastern Laos and was known as the Ho Chi Minh Trail (the Truong Son Road to the North Vietnamese).
Amphelikturus
Amphelikturus dendriticus, the pipehorse, is a species of pygmy pipehorse native to the western Atlantic Ocean.  This small, highly camouflaged pipefish is rarely seen.  This species grows to a length of 7.5 centimetres (3.0 in) TL.  This species is the only known member of its genus.

Hippocampini
The Hippocampini are a tribe of small marine fishes in the subfamily Syngnathinae of the family Syngnathidae. Depending on the classification system used, it comprises either seahorses and pygmy pipehorses, or only seahorses.
Pope-Waverley
Pope-Waverley was one of the marques of the Pope Motor Car Company founded by Albert Augustus Pope and was a manufacturer of Brass Era electric automobiles in Indianapolis, Indiana. From 1908 until production ceased in 1914 they became independent again as the Waverley Company.

Pope Manufacturing Company
The Pope Manufacturing Company was an American manufacturer of bicycles, motorcycles, and automobiles. The company was founded by Albert Augustus Pope around 1876 in Boston, Massachusetts, and incorporated in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1877. Manufacturing of bicycles began in 1878 in Hartford at the Weed Sewing Machine Company factory. From 1905 to 1913, Pope gradually consolidated manufacturing to a plant in Westfield, Massachusetts, while the main offices remained in Hartford. The company ceased automobile production in 1915 and ceased motorcycle production in 1918, and subsequently underwent a variety of changes in form, name and product lines. Its Columbia brand of bicycles, first marketed in the late 1870s, continues to be actively sold.
Brno-Řečkovice a Mokrá Hora
Brno-Řečkovice a Mokrá Hora is a city district of Brno, Czech Republic, located in the northern part of the city. It is made up of the cadastral territories of Řečkovice and Mokrá Hora. It has a total area of 7.57 km2. The city district was formed on November 24, 1990. Over 15,000 people live there.

For the purposes of the senate elections, the territory of the district is included in electoral district number 60 of Brno-City District.

Mokrá Hora
Mokrá Hora is a municipal part and cadastral territory in the north part of Brno, Czech Republic part of the city district of Brno-Řečkovice a Mokrá Hora. Mokrá Hora was originally an independent municipality that was annexed to Brno in 1960. It has an area of 0.88 km2 (0.34 sq mi), and as such it is the smallest cadastral territory of Brno in terms of area. About 865 people live here.

It is located above the Ponávka river, on the edge of the forested area of Soběšická vrchovina.
Christopher Blackett (politician)
Christopher Blackett (23 October 1787 – 16 January 1847) was a British politician from Northumberland.

The son of colliery owner Christopher Blackett (1751–1829), his family had lived for centuries at Wylam near Newcastle upon Tyne.

He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for the rotten borough of Bere Alston from 1830 to 1831, and for South Northumberland, 1837–1841.

His eldest son John (1821–1856) was also an MP. His second son Montagu was president of the Oxford Union in 1848 as a student of Christ Church, Oxford.

Christopher Blackett
Christopher Blackett (c. 1751 – 25 January 1829) owned the Northumberland colliery at Wylam that built Puffing Billy, the first commercial adhesion steam locomotive. He was also the founding owner of The Globe newspaper in 1803.
Teepee structure
Teepee (also spelled tepee or tipi) structures are sedimentary structures interpreted to represent formation in peritidal environments. Teepees are largely the result of evaporation of water and subsequent precipitation of minerals within sediment, resulting in expansion and buckling to form a teepee-like shape. Their name originates from geologists working in the Guadalupe Mountains, who noted their appearance in cross-section resembles that of a Native American teepee.

Teepee structures have been observed in rocks more than 2.7 billion years old, and can be seen forming in modern environments on Earth, such as the Dead Sea.

Sedimentary structures
Sedimentary structures include all kinds of features in sediments and sedimentary rocks, formed at the time of deposition.

Sediments and sedimentary rocks are characterized by bedding, which occurs when layers of sediment, with different particle sizes are deposited on top of each other. These beds range from millimeters to centimeters thick and can even go to meters or multiple meters thick.

Sedimentary structures such as cross-bedding, graded bedding, and ripple marks are utilized in stratigraphic studies. They help indicate the original position of strata in geologically complex terrains. They also provide insight into the depositional environment of the sediment.
Adriaan Brokke
Adriaan Walter Brokke (22 October 1928 – 25 March 2011), commonly known as Jani Brokke was an Aruban athlete who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympic Games. He represented Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles in teams of football, basketball, baseball and tennis.

Trinidad Stadium
Guillermo Prospero Trinidad Stadium (officially known as Estadio Guillermo Próspero Trinidad which is part of the Compleho Deportivo Guillermo Prospero Trinidad), is a multi-purpose stadium in Oranjestad, Aruba. It is Aruba's national football stadium, named after Guillermo Trinidad, a politician from the same neighbourhood (Dakota).
Concordia Parish, Louisiana
Concordia Parish (Spanish: Parroquia de la Concordia; French: Paroisse de Concordia) is a parish that borders the Mississippi River in eastern central Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,687. The parish seat is Vidalia. The parish was formed in 1807.

Concordia Parish is part of the Natchez, MS–LA Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is historically considered part of the Natchez District, devoted to cotton cultivation as a commodity crop, in contrast to the sugar cane crop of southern Louisiana. Other Louisiana parishes of similar character are East and West Carroll, Madison and Tensas, all in this lowlying delta land. On the east side of the Mississippi River is the Natchez District around the city of Natchez, Mississippi.

Ferriday, Louisiana
Ferriday is a town in Concordia Parish, which borders the Mississippi River and is located on the central eastern border of Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ferriday had a population of 3,189. It is an African-American majority town.

The town claims to have produced more famous people per square mile than any other in America. Elaine Dundy explored both celebrities and townsfolk in her book, Ferriday, Louisiana, published by E. P. Dutton in 1991.

Churches of several major denominations are located here, including a large Pentecostal congregation south of town on Louisiana Highway 15, as well as Baptist, Assembly of God, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Catholic.
Alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 1 5′ UTR stem-loop
The Alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 1 5′ UTR stem-loop represents a putative stem-loop structure found in the 5′ UTR in RNA 1 of alfalfa mosaic virus. RNA 1 is responsible for encoding the viral replicase protein P1. This family is required for negative strand RNA synthesis in the alfalfa mosaic virus and may also be involved in positive strand RNA synthesis.

Alfalfa mosaic virus
Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), also known as Lucerne mosaic virus or Potato calico virus, is a worldwide distributed phytopathogen  that can lead to necrosis and yellow mosaics on a large variety of plant species, including commercially important crops. It is the only species in the Alfamovirus genus of the family Bromoviridae. In 1931 Weimer J.L. was the first to report AMV in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Transmission of the virus occurs mainly by some aphids (plant lice), by seeds or by pollen to the seed.
Gorgan
Gorgan (Persian: گرگان; [ɡoɾˈɡɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It lies approximately 400 km (250 mi) to the northeast of the national capital Tehran, and some 30 km (19 mi) away from the Caspian Sea.

Gorgan Plain
The Gorgan Plain (Persian: دشت گرگان, romanized: Dasht-e Gorgan), is situated in Golestan province, northeastern Iran. It extends from the lower slopes of the Alborz and Kopet Dag mountain ranges to the steppes of Turkmenistan. The River Gorgan flows through the plain from east to west, emptying into the Caspian Sea. The provincial capital Gorgan lies to the south of the plain, which covers an area of about 170 square kilometres (66 sq mi) and is situated between 37°00' and 37°30' north latitude, and between 54°00' and 54°30' east longitude. The annual precipitation in the south of the plain is about 600 mm (24 in) which is much higher than the 200 mm (8 in) just 60 km (37 mi) to the north. The southern part is very fertile, being watered by the many streams that flow from the Alborz Mountains.
North East 1
North East 1 was an English Rugby Union league which was at the 7th tier of the domestic competition and was available to teams in North East England.  Promoted teams moved up to North 2 East while relegated teams dropped to North East 2.  The division was abolished at the end of the 1999–2000 season due to RFU restructuring with teams either being moved up to North 2 East or dropping down to regional leagues such as Yorkshire 1 or Durham/Northumberland 1.

As a result of the RFU introducing the Courage League Division 5, between 1994 and 1996, some teams from North East 1 was merged with some teams from North West 1, taking the name North Division 2.  However, North East 1 remained as a league, but one rung further down the ladder. Rather confusingly during this spell North Division 2 became North Division 1 and North Division 1 became National Division 5 North.  The cancellation of Courage League Division 5 in 1996 would see the league names revert once again.

Counties 1 Durham & Northumberland
Counties 1 Durham & Northumberland, formerly known as Durham/Northumberland 1 is an English amateur rugby union competition. The league consists of twelve clubs, and is in the seventh tier of the English rugby union system; one of the sixteen regional leagues and is the highest level of local rugby in North East England. The champions are promoted to Regional 2 North, a division with a wider geographical area that also encompasses the Yorkshire region. The last two clubs are relegated to Counties 2 Durham & Northumberland.

Each season, two teams from the league are selected to take part in the RFU Intermediate Cup, a national competition for clubs in the seventh tier: one is affiliated with the Durham County RFU, the other is affiliated with the Northumberland RFU.
LG G series
The LG G series was a line of Android devices produced by LG Electronics. The "G" designation was first introduced in 2012 as a branch of the LG Optimus series for flagship devices, but LG announced in July 2013 that the "Optimus" name would be discontinued for future flagships in favor of maintaining "G" and "Vu" as distinct brands. The first purely G-branded phone, the LG G2, was unveiled in August 2013.

LG's first two smartwatches, the LG G Watch and the LG G Watch R, were also part of the LG G series. Starting with the LG Watch Urbane, LG dropped the "G" branding from the device's name, thus eliminating the watches from the G series.

In April 2020, LG announced that it would discontinue the G branding and return to using distinct brand names for future flagship devices (beginning with the LG Velvet), to "resonate with today's consumers and help us to establish a clearer brand identity."

LG G Pro 2
The LG G Pro 2 is an Android phablet smartphone produced by LG Electronics. Serving as a successor to the LG Optimus G Pro, it was unveiled in February 2014 during the 2014 Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain.
The phone comes in white or black. It has two RGB notification LEDs, one on the front and another on the back in the power button. It also supports the SlimPort video out standard. The volume and power buttons are at the back for easy accessibility with the index finger. The display is 5.9 inches diagonally - with an unusually wide screen of 82 mm / 3.22 inches.
Iwagi, Ehime
Iwagi (岩城村, Iwagi-mura) was a village located in Ochi District, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.

Iwagi's total area was 11.51 km2. As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,214 and a density of 192.35 persons per km2.

On October 1, 2004, Iwagi, along with the town of Yuge, and the villages of Ikina and Uoshima (all from Ochi District), was merged to create the town of Kamijima. Iwagi no longer exists as an independent municipality, although it remains the unofficial name for the island proper, as the other merged municipalities are on other islands.

Kamijima, Ehime
Kamijima (上島町, Kamijima-chō) is a town located in Ochi District, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 September 2022, the town had an estimated population of 6,332 in 3780 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 30.38 square kilometres (11.73 sq mi).
Nacka Municipality
Nacka Municipality (Swedish: Nacka kommun) is a municipality in Stockholm County in east-central Sweden. Its seat is located at Nacka. The municipality is situated just east of the Swedish capital, Stockholm, and its western parts are considered a suburban part of the city of Stockholm.

The present municipality was created in 1971 when the City of Nacka (itself instituted in 1949) was amalgamated with Saltsjöbaden (itself detached from "old" Nacka in 1909) and Boo.

Nacka
Nacka (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈnâkːa] ⓘ) is the municipal seat of Nacka Municipality and part of Stockholm urban area in Sweden. The municipality's name harks back to a 16th-century industrial operation established by the Crown at Nacka farmstead where conditions for water mills are good. However, and somewhat confusingly, that spot is not densely populated today and the municipal seat is on land that once belonged to Järla farmstead on the other side of Lake Järla.
Akita Port Tower Selion
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Architecture portal

The Akita City Port Tower Selion (秋田市ポートタワーセリオン, Akitashi Pōto Tawā Serion) is one of the landmarks in the city of Akita, Japan.  The sightseeing tower with 6,272 tempered glasses was completed in 1994.  It is located in the Tsuchizaki District, Akita, Akita Prefecture, Japan. The steel tower is the tallest structure in the 3 northern Tohoku prefectures with its observation deck at 100 metres (328 ft) and its spire at 143.6 metres (471 ft). The viewing platform provides a 360-degree panorama of the city and the mountains of Oga Peninsula, Taiheizan, and Mt. Chokai are visible.  Cable Networks Akita received the TV-U Yamagata broadcast from Takadateyama, Tsuruoka at this landmark in the past.

Akita (city)
Akita (秋田市, Akita-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital and most populous city of Akita Prefecture, Japan, and has been designated a core city since 1 April 1997. As of 1 August 2023, the city has an estimated population of 300,502 persons in 136,628 households and a population density of 332 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 906.07 square kilometres (349.84 sq mi).
1920 Louth by-election
The 1920 Louth by-election was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Louth in Lincolnshire. Voting was held on 3 June 1920. The by-election took place five days after the Louth Flood of 29 May 1920 had claimed 23 lives.

1920 Louth flood
The 1920 Louth flood was a severe flash flooding event in the Lincolnshire market town of Louth which occurred 29 May 1920, resulting in 23 fatalities in 20 minutes. It has been described as one of the most significant flood disasters in Britain and Ireland during the 20th century.
Jolarpettai Junction railway station
Jolarpettai Junction  (also known as Tirupattur - Jolarpet Junction )(station code: JTJ) is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Chennai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is located in the Tirupattur district of Tamil Nadu. Jolarpettai Junction falls within Chennai Central- Bangalore City Line via  Bangarapet Junction, Krishnarajapuram and  Jolarpettai–Shoranur line leading to Kerala trunk via Salem Jn, Erode Jn, Coimbatore Jn, Palakkad Jn and hence connect Chennai to Mangalore through ShoranurJn, Kozhikode and Kannur. Chennai to Thiruvananthapuram through Thrissur, Ernakulam Jn and Kollam Jn  .

Chennai railway division
Chennai railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Chennai Division was formed on 31 August 1956 . Currently, it has a route length of over 697.93 km and  track length of 1934.68 km. Its administrative headquarters is in Chennai, which also happens to be the headquarters of the Southern Railway.
Joint replacement registry
A joint replacement registry is a system of collecting information of arthroplasty outcomes at a population (often national) level, in order to provide an evidence-base for safe and effective treatment options.

Hip replacement
Hip replacement is a surgical procedure in which the hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant, that is, a hip prosthesis. Hip replacement surgery can be performed as a total replacement or a hemi/semi(half) replacement. Such joint replacement orthopaedic surgery is generally conducted to relieve arthritis pain or in some hip fractures. A total hip replacement (total hip arthroplasty) consists of replacing both the acetabulum and the femoral head while hemiarthroplasty generally only replaces the femoral head. Hip replacement is one of the most common orthopaedic operations. Patient satisfaction varies widely between different techniques and implants. Approximately 58% of total hip replacements are estimated to last 25 years. The average cost of a total hip replacement in 2012 was $40,364 in the United States (about €37,300), and in the range of €7,117 to €11,091 in most European countries.
Australian Broadcasting Company
The Australian Broadcasting Company was a short-lived Australian commercial broadcasting company set up by Benjamin Fuller and Frank Albert. Founded in Melbourne in 1924 with a capital of £A 100,000 by a consortium of entertainment interests, notably Farmer & Company, JC Williamson's and J. & N. Tait to found and operate commercial radio broadcasting stations. Other major shareholders, perhaps later entrants, were Union Theatres Limited, B & J. Fuller and J. Albert & Son. Directors were Stuart Doyle, Frank Albert and Sir Benjamin Fuller.

ABC Radio Melbourne
ABC Radio Melbourne (callsign: 3LO, officially VL3LO) is an ABC Local Radio station in Melbourne, Australia. It began transmission on 13 October 1924 and was Melbourne's second licensed radio station after 3AR.

The other ABC Local Radio stations in Victoria simulcast ABC Radio Melbourne's programming when not airing local shows for their area.
James Morrison (bishop)
James Morrison (July 9, 1861 – April 13, 1950) was the longest-serving bishop of the Diocese of Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada. Although one of the last powerful and austere Roman Catholic bishops in Canada, Morrison presided over a diocese that created one of the most successful Catholic social movements in the country.

Morrison strictly adhered to the statutes of the Roman Catholic faith. Extremely skeptical of debt, he was cautious in all matters relating to church finances.  As Bishop of Antigonish he gained the ire of Rev. James Tompkins and other priests for refusing to allow St. Francis Xavier University to join a non-denominational university in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Although highly respected by the Catholic community, his cautious and frugal nature did not always foster tranquility.

Jimmy Tompkins (priest)
James John "Jimmy" Tompkins (7 September 1870 – 5 May 1953) was a Roman Catholic priest who founded the Antigonish Movement, a progressive effort that incorporated adult education, cooperatives and rural community development to aid the fishing and mining communities of northern and eastern Nova Scotia, Canada. The Antigonish Movement later evolved into the Extension Department (now the Coady International Center) of St. Francis Xavier University.

Father Tompkins believed in the emancipating power of education and sought to improve economic conditions through study groups and co-operative action. "It is not enough to have ideas, we have to put legs on them", he often said. He started the first regional library in Nova Scotia along with the first credit union and a cooperative housing association in Reserve Mines that was dubbed "Tompkinsville". Father Tompkins was the Spiritual founder of the Antigonish Movement.
Tophill
Tophill is a gently sloping area of land on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England, rising from sea level at Portland Bill to 151 metres (495 ft) near HMP The Verne at its northern end. On Tophill are five of the settlements on the island: Easton, Weston, Southwell, the Grove and Wakeham. Portland stone lies under Tophill, and the strata decline at a shallow angle of around 1.5 degrees from their peak down to sea level.  The lower northern end of the island is called Underhill.

In the north-west corner of Tophill is Tout Quarry, whilst the nature reserve King Barrow Quarry lies at the north-east. Near the northernmost point lies the area known as New Ground used as a lookout point, in front of which sits the Portland Cenotaph.

50°32′59″N 2°26′10″W﻿ / ﻿50.5496°N 2.4361°W﻿ / 50.5496; -2.4361

Tout Quarry
Tout Quarry, now known as Tout Quarry Sculpture Park and Nature Reserve, is a sculpture park and nature reserve based within a disused quarry on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. It is located within the north-west corner of Tophill. The sculpture park has existed since 1983, while the site also become a nature reserve around 2004. To date, the quarry displays a collection of various carvings and works in Portland stone.