hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arlington, Illinois
Arlington is a village in Westfield Township, Bureau County, Illinois, United States. The population was 169 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Ottawa Micropolitan Statistical Area, located east of the Quad Cities, north of Peoria and Galesburg, west of LaSalle and Peru, and southwest of Rockford and Chicago.

La Salle, Illinois
La Salle or LaSalle is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, located at the intersection of Interstates 39 and 80. It is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Originally platted in 1837 over one square mile (2.6 square kilometers), the city's boundaries have grown to 12 sq mi (31 km2). Named in honor of 17th century Illinois valley explorer, the Sieur de La Salle, city boundaries extend from the Illinois River and Illinois and Michigan Canal to a mile north of Interstate 80 and from the city of Peru on the west to the village of North Utica on the east. Starved Rock State Park is located approximately 5 mi (8 km) to the east. The population was 9,582 as of the 2020 census, down from 9,609 at the 2010 census. LaSalle and its twin city, Peru, make up the core of the Illinois Valley. Due to their combined dominance of the zinc processing industry in the early 1900s, they were collectively nicknamed "Zinc City."
Wellington Harbour Board Wharf Office Building
Wellington Harbour Board Wharf Office Building (also known as Shed 7) is a historic building on Jervois Quay erected by the Wellington Harbour Board in Wellington, New Zealand.

The building, is classified as a Category 1 Historic Place (places of "special or outstanding historical or cultural heritage significance or value") by Heritage New Zealand. The building currently houses the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts.

Wellington Harbour Board
Wellington Harbour Board was the body which formerly managed the shipping and commercial affairs of the port of Wellington in New Zealand. It was constituted in 1880 and was disestablished in 1989.

During its 110-year tenure the Harbour Board reclaimed land around Wellington Harbour and built and maintained facilities including quays, wharves, goods sheds, a marina, and a floating dock for ship repairs. The Board managed goods and passengers passing through the port from domestic and international locations and was responsible for the safe movement of vessels within the harbour.
Leonardo Vitale
Leonardo Vitale (Italian pronunciation: [leoˈnardo viˈtaːle]; 27 June 1941 – 2 December 1984) was a member of the Sicilian Mafia who was one of the first to become an informant, or pentito, although originally his confessions were not taken seriously. Vitale was a "man of honour" or member of the Altarello di Baida cosca or family, Altarello being a neighborhood in the western area of Palermo.

Pentito
Pentito (Italian pronunciation: [penˈtiːto]; lit. "repentant"; plural: pentiti) is used colloquially to designate collaborators of justice in Italian criminal procedure terminology who were formerly part of criminal organizations and decided to collaborate with a public prosecutor. The judicial category of pentiti was originally created in 1970s to combat violence and terrorism during the period of left-wing and right-wing terrorism known as the Years of Lead. During the 1986–87 Maxi Trial and after the testimony of Tommaso Buscetta, the term was increasingly applied to former members of organized crime in Italy who had abandoned their organization and started helping investigators.
Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)
The Politburo, also known as the Political Bureau, is the highest executive authority of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)). Its members are elected by the Central Committee, which is in turn elected at the Party Congress, typically convened every three years.

Prakash Karat
Prakash Karat (born 7 February 1948) is an Indian Communist politician. He was the general secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from 2005 to 2015. He served as interim coordinator of CPI(M) after the death of incumbent General Secretary Sitaram Yechury.
Negru Vodă, Constanța
Negru Vodă (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌneɡru ˈvodə], historical names: Caraomer, Turkish: Karaömer) is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, south-eastern Romania. The town is close to the border with Bulgaria and there is a border crossing linking Negru Vodă to the Bulgarian village Kardam. It officially became a town in 1989, as a result of the Romanian rural systematization program.

The name is probably derived from the legendary Radu Negru (also known as Negru Vodă, the "Black Prince"), founder and ruler of Wallachia.

It has an area of 164.9 square kilometres (63.7 sq mi).

Kardam, Dobrich Province
Kardam (Bulgarian: Кардам, Turkish and Romanian: Arman) is a village in General Toshevo Municipality, Dobrich Province, in northeastern Bulgaria. Kardam is close to the border with Romania and there is a border crossing linking the village to the Romanian town Negru Vodă.
Село Кардам, Генерал Тошево е едно от първите места, на които е стъпил хан Аспарух. Позиционирал е многобройната си войска в Кардамското поле.

Населението тогава наброява 7000 души.
Ummati Qad Laha Fajrun
"Ummati Qad Laha Fajrun" (Arabic: أُمَّتِي قَدْ لَاحَ فَجْرٌ, lit. 'My Ummah, Dawn Has Appeared.'), also known as "Dawlat al-Islam Qamat" (Arabic: دَوْلَة اُلْإِسْلَامِ قَامَتْ, lit. 'The Islamic State Has Been Established'), is an Islamist jihadi nasheed (song without music instruments) which became an unofficial anthem of the Islamic State. It was released in December 2013 and soon became their most popular nasheed. The American magazine The New Republic referred to it as the most influential nasheed of 2014.

The chant is a capella apart from sound effects of a sword being unsheathed, feet stomping, and gunfire. It was produced by the Ajnad Media Foundation, which produces most Islamic State anasheed. The nasheed has also been used by the Nigerian jihadist group Boko Haram to accompany speeches.

Nasheed
A nasheed (Arabic: نَشِيد, romanized: nashīd, lit. 'chant', pl. أَنَاشِيد, anāshīd) is a work of vocal music, partially coincident with hymns, that is either sung a cappella or with instruments, according to a particular style or tradition within Islam.

Nasheeds (or anasheed, the plural in Arabic) are popular throughout the Muslim world. The material and lyrics of a nasheed usually reference Islamic beliefs, history, religion, and current events.

A nashīd performer is called a nashidist in English and munshid in Arabic (مُنْشِد, Munshid, f. مُنْشِدَة, Munshidah, pl. مُنْشِدِين, Munshidīn).
Cerro Rosa
Cerro Rosa is the third highest peak of Puerto Rico measuring 1,263 meters (4,144 ft) above sea level. The mountain is located in the Cordillera Central, on the border between the municipalities of Ciales and Jayuya.

Ciales, Puerto Rico
Ciales (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsjales], locally [ˈsjaleʔ]) is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico, located on the Central Mountain Range, northwest of Orocovis; south of Florida and Manatí; east of Utuado and Jayuya; and west of Morovis. Ciales is spread over eight barrios and Ciales Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Lovelace v Ontario
Lovelace v Ontario, [2000] 1 S.C.R. 950, 2000 SCC 37, was the leading decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on section 15(2) of the Charter, which shields affirmative action programs from the equality requirement of section 15(1). The Court decided that distribution of casino profits to a select group of aboriginals is not discriminatory. The leading case on section 15(2) is R. v. Kapp, 2008 SCC 41.

Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms contains guaranteed equality rights. As part of the Constitution of Canada, the section prohibits certain forms of discrimination perpetrated by the governments of Canada with the exception of ameliorative programs (e.g. employment equity).

Rights under section 15 include racial equality, sexual equality, mental disability, and physical disability. In its jurisprudence, it has also been a source of LGBT rights in Canada. These rights are guaranteed to "every individual", that is, every natural person. This wording excludes "legal persons" such as corporations, contrasting other sections that use the word "everyone", where "legal persons" were meant to be included. Section 15 has been in force since 1985.
Piscanivirinae
Piscanivirinae is a virus subfamily of the family Tobaniviridae within the order Nidovirales which comprises different fish viruses. The virions have a viral envelope and a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome which is linear and unsegmented.

The subfamily contains two genera: Bafinivirus and Oncotshavirus. Both genera comprise rod shaped (bacilliform) viruses with relatively large genoms like they mostly occur in the nidoviruses. Occasionally, also strongly pleomorphic (e. g. spheric) virions were observed.

Tobaniviridae
Tobaniviridae is a family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses in the order Nidovirales which infect vertebrates. The most common host organisms include mammals, fish, and snakes, with some infections observed in other reptiles. The genome size of tobaniviruses ranges from 20 to 32 kilobases. The family is the only member of the suborder Tornidovirineae.
Llibre Vermell de Montserrat
The Llibre Vermell de Montserrat (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈʎiβɾə βəɾˈmɛʎ ðə munsəˈrat], "Red Book of Montserrat") is a manuscript collection of devotional texts containing, amongst others, some late medieval songs. The 14th-century manuscript was compiled in and is still located at the monastery of Montserrat outside Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

Hespèrion XXI
Hespèrion XXI is an international early music ensemble.  The group was formed in Basel, Switzerland in 1974 as Hespèrion XX by Catalan musical director Jordi Savall (bowed string instruments, particularly the viola da gamba), his wife Montserrat Figueras (soprano), Lorenzo Alpert (flute, percussion), and Hopkinson Smith (plucked string instruments).  The group changed its name to Hespèrion XXI at the beginning of the 21st century. The name "Hespèrion" is derived from a word in Classical Greek which referred to the people of the Italian and Iberian peninsulas.

The ensemble is noted for its scholarship in early music, especially the music of 16th and 17th century of Spain. Their performance practice is noted for the liberal use of improvisation around the basic melodic and rhythmic structures of the early pieces, resulting in great emotional intimacy and immediacy.
The Pit (Norris novel)
The Pit: A Story of Chicago is a 1903 novel by Frank Norris.  Set in the wheat speculation trading pits at the Chicago Board of Trade Building, it was the second book in what was to be the trilogy The Epic of the Wheat. The first book, The Octopus, was published in 1901. Norris died unexpectedly in October 1902 from appendicitis, leaving the third book, The Wolf: A Story of Empire, incomplete. Together the three novels were to follow the journey of a crop of wheat from its planting in California to its ultimate consumption as bread in Western Europe.

The Epic of the Wheat
The Epic of the Wheat was a planned trilogy by American author Frank Norris. Two of the three works were published, but the third was not written at the time of Norris' death.

Following his 1899 success McTeague, Norris formulated his idea for a trilogy of novels on the topic of wheat, his Epic of the Wheat, from its growth in California in The Octopus, to its distribution via Chicago in his posthumously published 1903 work The Pit, to its consumption in a famished region of Europe in The Wolf. He had not begun writing The Wolf before his death.
Chalgrove
Chalgrove is a village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire about 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Oxford. The parish includes the hamlet of Rofford and the former parish of Warpsgrove with which it merged in 1932.  The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 2,830. Chalgrove is the site of a small Civil War battle in 1643, the Battle of Chalgrove Field. The Parliamentarian John Hampden was wounded in the battle, and died of his wounds six days later.

South Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire is a local government district in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England. Its council is temporarily based outside the district at Abingdon-on-Thames pending a planned move to Didcot, the district's largest town. The areas located south of the River Thames are within the historic county of Berkshire.
Gorgaburu
Gorgaburu is the second highest peak of the Ajodhya Hills with a height of 677 metres (2,221 feet). It is the second highest point in southern part of West Bengal. It is located at Western plateau and highlands of Purulia district.

It is a conical hill formed out of the granite and gneiss of the hills.

Ajodhya Hills
Ajodhya Hills (Bengali: অযোধ্যা পাহাড়), is a small plateau with hilly surroundings located in the Purulia district of the state West Bengal, India. It is the easternmost part of the Chhotanagpur Plateau and extended part of Eastern Ghats range. Highest peak of Ajodhya Hills is Chamtuburu (720 m). The nearby populated town area is Bagmundi.
Snøhetta Dome
Snøhetta Dome (72°11′S 2°48′W﻿ / ﻿72.183°S 2.800°W﻿ / -72.183; -2.800) is a dome-shaped elevation which is snow-covered except for a few rock exposures, situated 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) east of Hornet Peak in the Ahlmann Ridge of Queen Maud Land. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition of 1958–59, and named Snøhetta ("the snow cap").

Hornet Peak
Hornet Peak (72°12′S 2°59′W﻿ / ﻿72.200°S 2.983°W﻿ / -72.200; -2.983) is a sharp peak 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Snøhetta Dome, near the south end of Ahlmann Ridge in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1959–52) and from air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Hornet (the horn). Confusingly, it is located only a few kilometres from its near-namesake, Horten Peak.
Yponomeuta cagnagella
Yponomeuta cagnagella, the spindle ermine, is a moth from the family Yponomeutidae, the ermine moths. The wingspan of the moth ranges from 19 to 26 millimetres. The head is white. Forewings are white; four longitudinal series of few black dots, first not reaching middle, second beginning near before middle, lowest including 4-7 dots; some additional black dots before termen; cilia white. Hindwings are dark grey. The larva is pale greyish-yellowish; spots black; head black.

Flight time ranges from the end of June to October. The moth is attracted to light.

Ermine moth
Certain members of the unrelated snout moths (Pyralidae) are also known as "ermine moths." Spilosoma lubricipeda is an unrelated moth with the common name "white ermine."

An ermine moth is any moth in the family Yponomeutidae, which has several hundred species, most of them in the tropics. The larvae tend to form communal webs, and some are minor pests in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture. Adult moths are minor pollinators.
Honnør Glacier
Honnør Glacier (69°23′S 39°50′E﻿ / ﻿69.383°S 39.833°E﻿ / -69.383; 39.833) is a glacier flowing to the east side of Lützow-Holm Bay, Antarctica, to the north of the Byvågåsane Peaks. A glacier tongue extending seaward from this feature was mapped by the Lars Christensen Expedition 1936–37 and named Honnørbrygga (the honor wharf). The Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1957–62, found the glacier tongue had broken off but amended the original naming to apply to the glacier.

Lützow-Holm Bay
Lützow-Holm Bay is a large bay, about 220 kilometres (120 nmi) wide, indenting the coast of Queen Maud Land in Antarctica between Riiser-Larsen Peninsula and the coastal angle immediately east of the Flatvaer Islands. It was discovered by Captain Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen in two airplane flights from his expedition vessel, the Norvegia, on February 21 and 23, 1931. The name honours Commander Finn Lützow-Holm of the Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service, a pilot for Captain Riiser-Larsen on the Aagaard in 1935.
VfR Aalen
Verein für Rasenspiele 1921 Aalen e.V., known simply as VfR Aalen, is a German football club based in Aalen, Baden-Württemberg. The football team is part of a larger sports club which also offers its members gymnastics, table tennis, and cheerleading. The club's greatest success came in 2011–12 when it finished second in the 3. Liga and earned promotion to the 2. Bundesliga for the first time.

Aalen
Aalen (German pronunciation: [ˈaːlən] ⓘ; Swabian: Oole (Swabian pronunciation: [ˈɔːlɐ̃])) is a town located in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-Württemberg, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Stuttgart and 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of Ulm. It is the seat of the Ostalbkreis district and is its largest town. It is also the largest town in the Ostwürttemberg region. Since 1956, Aalen has had the status of Große Kreisstadt (major district town). It is noted for its many half-timbered houses constructed from the 16th century through the 18th century.

With an area of 146.63 km2, Aalen is ranked 7th in Baden-Württemberg and 2nd within the Government Region of Stuttgart, after Stuttgart. With a population of about 66,000, Aalen is the 15th most-populated settlement in Baden-Württemberg.
Dadian family
The Dadian family was an Ottoman Armenian family that was famous for their industrial activities within the Ottoman Empire. Besides being prominent factory owners (the family had a monopoly on the empire's gunpowder industry for more than a century), members of the family also served as political advisers. The Dadians were also well acquainted with Ottoman banking.

Ohannes Dadian was the director of the gunpowder factory in 1845.

Armenians in the Ottoman Empire
Armenians were a significant minority in the Ottoman Empire. They belonged to either the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Armenian Catholic Church, or the Armenian Protestant Church, each church serving as the basis of a millet. They played a crucial role in Ottoman industry and commerce, and Armenian communities existed in almost every major city of the empire. The majority of the Armenian population made up a reaya, or peasant class, in Western Armenia. Since the latter half the 19th century, the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire sought more autonomy and protection in what was part of the Armenian Question. Armenians were persecuted by Ottoman authorities and their Kemalist successors, especially from the latter half of the 19th century, culminating in the Armenian Genocide.
Habib Girgis
Archdeacon Habib Qozman Mankarious Girgis ( Arabic: القديس حبيب جرجس, lit. 'Beloved'; 1876 – 21 August 1951) or simply Saint Habib Girgis, was an Egyptian scholar who served as dean of the modern Catechetical School of Alexandria.

He was the first student for the modern-day Theological School, and was appointed to succeed Youssef Bey Mankarious in 1918, as the second dean of the renewed center of theology. In 2013, he was canonised as a saint by the Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church.

Pope Cyril V of Alexandria
Pope Cyril V of Alexandria (Abba Kyrillos V) was the 112th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark, reigning for 52 years, 9 months and 6 days. He was the longest-serving Pope in the history of the Coptic Orthodox Church. He was born as Youhanna (John) in 1824 or 1830/1831 according to different accounts and he died on 7 August 1927.
Toudja
Toudja is a commune in northern Algeria in the Béjaïa Province in the Kabylia region. The liberal pied noir writer Jules Roy discussed it in his book on the Algerian war of independence.

Oranges are grown widely in the area. In Roman times its springs were an important source of water and there was an aqueduct taking water to the city of  Saldae (now Béjaïa).

Béjaïa
Béjaïa (/bɪˈdʒaɪə/ bij-EYE-ə; Arabic: بجاية, romanized: Bijāya, pronounced [biˈdʒaːja], locally [ˈb(d)ʒæːjə]), formerly known as Bougie and Bugia, is a Mediterranean port city and commune on the Gulf of Béjaïa in Algeria; it is the capital of Béjaïa Province.
Super I/O
Super I/O (sometimes Multi-IO) is a class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards, later embedded on the motherboards. A super I/O chip combines interfaces for a variety of low-bandwidth devices. Now the I/O controller that combined Super I/O function and Embedded Controller function is called embedded Super I/O (eSIO).

Motherboard
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, system board, logic board, and informally mobo (see "Nomenclature" section), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the CPU, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use.: 48
V&A Waterfront
The V&A Waterfront, often referred to as The Waterfront and The V&A, is a mixed-use suburb in Cape Town, South Africa, featuring upmarket residential apartments, a major shopping mall, a marina, and multiple large hotels.

The Waterfront sits on the site of the oldest working harbor in the Southern Hemisphere. With Table Mountain as its backdrop, the 123-hectare neighbourhood sees millions of people visiting each year. The V&A Waterfront is Cape Town's most popular tourist destination by number of visitors per year.

The mall is one of Cape Town's largest, and the Waterfront features numerous other retail spaces, including the Watershed, and Alfred Mall. These feature many local entrepreneurs, crafts, art, and sustainable design.

Allan Gray (investment management company)
Allan Gray is an investment management firm headquartered in South Africa, established with the objective of offering a range of investments. In addition to its primary location, the firm has expanded its operations to include offices in Botswana, Namibia, and Eswatini, reflecting its broader geographic reach within the region. It also works in collaboration with sister companies, Orbis Investment Management and Allan Gray Australia, to leverage global investment insights and strategies. Allan Gray caters to a diverse clientele, which encompasses both institutional and individual investors, along with insurance companies, trusts, foundations, and foreign institutions.
Secret police
Secret police (or political police) are government agencies that operate as secret services engaging in covert operations against a government's political, ideological or social opponents and dissidents. Secret police organizations are characteristic of police states governed by authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. They protect the political power of a dictator or regime and often operate outside the law to repress dissidents and weaken political opposition, frequently using violence. They may enjoy legal sanction to hold and charge suspects without ever identifying their organization.

Covert operation
A covert operation, clandestine operation or undercover operation is a military or police operation involving a covert agent or troops acting under an assumed cover to conceal the identity of the party responsible.: 5–6