hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pershing missile launches
From 1960 to 1988 there were Pershing missile launches for testing from various sites in the US. The systems included the Pershing 1 Field Artillery Missile System, the Pershing 1a Field Artillery Missile System and the Pershing II Weapon System. Initial launches were from what is now the Eastern Range at Cape Canaveral, Florida using Launch Complex 30A using the dismounted erector launcher. Later launches were from the full transporter erector launcher (TEL). Further launches were conducted at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) using tactical equipment. The Pershing 1 and 1a had a range of 740 kilometres (460 mi), thus launches were from various subinstallations into WSMR. The two-stage Pershing II had a range of 1,770 kilometres (1,100 mi), thus launches at WSMR used a single-stage missile with two-stage launches at Cape Canaveral.

Pershing II
The Pershing II Weapon System was a solid-fueled two-stage medium-range ballistic missile designed and built by Martin Marietta to replace the Pershing 1a Field Artillery Missile System as the United States Army's primary nuclear-capable theater-level weapon. The U.S. Army replaced the Pershing 1a with the Pershing II Weapon System in 1983, while the German Air Force retained Pershing 1a until all Pershings were eliminated in 1991. The U.S. Army Missile Command (MICOM) managed the development and improvements, while the Field Artillery Branch deployed the systems and developed tactical doctrine.
Gymnodiniales
The Gymnodiniales are an order of dinoflagellates, of the class Dinophyceae. Members of the order are known as gymnodinioid or gymnodinoid (terms that can also refer to any organism of similar morphology). They are athecate, or lacking an armored exterior, and as a result are relatively difficult to study because specimens are easily damaged. Many species are part of the marine plankton and are of interest primarily due to being found in algal blooms. As a group the gymnodinioids have been described as "likely one of the least known groups of the open ocean phytoplankton."

Of the families in the order, the Polykrikaceae and Warnowiaceae are well known for possessing exceptionally complex assemblies of organelles, such as nematocysts, trichocysts, and pistons. The Warnowiaceae uniquely possess an ocelloid, an extremely complex light-sensitive subcellular structure composed of mitochondria and plastids.

Polykrikaceae
The Polykrikaceae (also known as Polykrikidae) are a family of athecate dinoflagellates of the order Gymnodiniales. Members of the family are known as polykrikoids. 
The family contains two genera: Polykrikos and Pheopolykrikos.
Bernal/Singleton Transfer Location
Bernal/Singleton Transfer Location is a bus-only public transit station in Dallas, Texas. The station is located in West Dallas at the intersection of Bernal Drive and Singleton Boulevard. It is operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit and serves two bus routes, as well as a microtransit service for the West Dallas area.

The station features an indoor air-conditioned waiting area, restrooms, and an information desk. Bus routes at the station provide connections to Downtown Dallas, the DART rail station Westmoreland, and the Trinity Railway Express station Downtown Irving/Heritage Crossing. Unlike most DART stations, parking is not available.

Dallas Area Rapid Transit
Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) is a transit agency serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex of Texas. It operates buses, light rail, commuter rail, and high-occupancy vehicle lanes in Dallas and twelve of its suburbs. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 55,151,000, or about 162,900 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

DART was created in 1983 to replace a municipal bus system and funded expansion of the region's transit network through a sales tax levied in member cities. DART rail began operation in 1996 and operates over 93 miles (149.7 km) of track. It was the longest light rail system in the United States until 2023, when it was surpassed by Los Angeles Metro Rail with the consolidation of the A Line.

DART jointly operates the Trinity Railway Express commuter rail line between Dallas and Fort Worth, with Trinity Metro. The agency also operates the Dallas Streetcar and provides funding for the non-profit M-Line Trolley.
Linarolo
Linarolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 km south of Milan and about 9 km east of Pavia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,200 and an area of 12.3 km2.

The municipality of Linarolo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Ospedaletto, San Leonardo, and Vaccarizza.

Linarolo borders the following municipalities: Albaredo Arnaboldi, Albuzzano, Belgioioso, Mezzanino, Travacò Siccomario, Valle Salimbene.

Travacò Siccomario
Travacò Siccomario is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 35 km south of Milan and about 4 km southeast of Pavia, near the confluence of the Po and Ticino rivers.

Travacò Siccomario borders the following municipalities: Cava Manara, Linarolo, Mezzanino, Pavia, Rea, San Martino Siccomario, Valle Salimbene, Verrua Po.

Travacò Siccomario is a member of Cittaslow.
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Winston-Salem is a city in Forsyth County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. It is the fifth-most populous city in North Carolina and 91st-most populous city in the United States, with a population of 249,545 at the 2020 census. The Winston-Salem metropolitan area has an estimated 705,000 residents, making it the fourth-largest metropolitan area based in North Carolina. It is the second-most-populous city in North Carolina's Piedmont Triad region, home to about 1.7 million residents.

Winston-Salem is called the "Twin City" for its dual heritage, and the "Camel City" as a reference to the city's historic involvement in the tobacco industry related to locally based R. J. Reynolds' Camel cigarettes. Many North Carolinians refer to the city as "Winston" in informal speech. Winston-Salem is also home to six colleges and institutions, most notably Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem State University, and the University of North Carolina School of the Arts.

R. J. Reynolds
Richard Joshua Reynolds (July 20, 1850 – July 29, 1918) was an American businessman and founder of the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.

The son of a tobacco farmer and major enslaver, he worked for his father and attended Emory & Henry College from 1868 to 1870, eventually graduating from Bryant & Stratton Business College in Baltimore. He sold his share of the family business in 1874 and moved south to Winston (now Winston-Salem), North Carolina, to start his own tobacco company. Reynolds was a savvy businessman and a hard worker, and he quickly became one of the wealthiest citizens of Winston-Salem; eventually, he was the wealthiest person in the state of North Carolina. He died in 1918 of pancreatic cancer.
Multyfarnham or Fearbranagh
Multyfarnham or Fearbranagh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Mullingar.

Multyfarnham or Fearbranagh spans two civil parishes; it is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Stonehall and one of 12 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham, both  in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 110 hectares (260 acres).

The neighbouring townlands are: Lismalady and Multyfarnham to the north, Killintown to the east, Culleenabohoge and Tyfarnham to the south and Ballindurrow and Rathganny to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 5 houses and 9 inhabitants in the townland.

Tyfarnham
Tyfarnham (Irish: Tigh Farannáin) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 9.4 kilometres (6 mi) north of Mullingar.

Tyfarnham is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 313.2 acres (1.267 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Killintown to the north, Larkinstown to the east, Galmoylestown Lower to the south–east, Down to the south, Knightswood to the south–west, Culleenabohoge to the west and Multyfarnham or Fearbranagh to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there was 1 house and 3 inhabitants in the townland.
Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions
This is the
Timeline of Irish National Liberation Army actions (Irish National Liberation Army actions, INLA), an Irish republican socialist paramilitary group. Most of these actions took place as part of its 1975–1998 campaign during "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland. The INLA did not start claiming responsibility for its actions under the INLA name until January 1976 at which point they had already killed 12 people, before then they used the names People's Liberation Army (PLA) and People's Republican Army (PRA) to claim its attacks.

Dominic McGlinchey
Dominic McGlinchey (1954 – 10 February 1994) was an Irish republican paramilitary leader and chief of staff of the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) in the early 1980s. Known for his role in cross-border bombings and assassinations during the Troubles, he was nicknamed "Mad Dog" by the press. He was imprisoned multiple times and survived an assassination attempt before being shot dead in 1994. His legacy remains divisive, with portrayals in Irish fiction, music, and political commentary.
Shitennō (Minamoto clan)
Shitennō (四天王), a Japanese term normally referring to the Buddhist Four Heavenly Kings, is also applied to particularly famous or loyal retainers, in groups of four, to certain of Japan's most famous legendary and historical figures.

The following four are referred to in legend as the Shitennō of Minamoto no Yorimitsu (also known as Raikō) (948–1021):

Sakata no Kintoki – known as Kaidomaru in his past. Kintoki originated from the House of Suzaku.

Urabe no Suetake – Originated from the House of Seiryū

Usui Sadamitsu – Originated from the House of Genbu.

Watanabe no Tsuna – Originated from the House of Byakko.

Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159–1189) was accompanied by the following four, his so-called Shitennō, who are featured in the kabuki play Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura and other works:

Suruga Jirō Kiyoshige (駿河次郎清重)

Kamei Rokurō Shigekiyô (亀井六郎重清)

Kataoka Hachirō Tsuneharu (片岡八郎常春)

Ise Saburō Yoshimori (伊勢三郎義盛)

Watanabe no Tsuna
Watanabe no Tsuna (渡辺 綱) (953–1025) was a Japanese samurai of the Heian period and a companion in arms of Minamoto no Yorimitsu (also known as Raikō), one of the earliest samurai to be famed for his military exploits in a number of tales and legends.

Watanabe no Tsuna was the first person to take the surname Watanabe, and Watanabe is the fifth most common surname in Japan, with approximately 1.08 million people as of 2017.

Because Watanabe no Tsuna is believed to be a hero associated with the legend that he vanquished oni historically considered to be the strongest, such as Shuten-doji and Ibaraki-doji, there is a tradition that oni stay away from people named Watanabe and their houses. For this reason, some families with the surname Watanabe have not practiced the custom of throwing beans on Setsubun for generations.
Tetrachondra
Tetrachondra is a plant genus in the family Tetrachondraceae. It comprises two species of creeping succulent, perennial, aquatic or semi-aquatic herbaceous plants. Its distribution range is disjunct: one species is endemic to New Zealand (mainly Stewart Island, Otago and Southland) while the other one is endemic to southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego. These plants bear essential oils.

Tetrachondraceae
Tetrachondraceae is a plant family in the order Lamiales. The family contains the two genera Polypremum and Tetrachondra, which together comprise the three species:

Polypremum procumbens L. (1753) – juniper leaf or rustweed

Tetrachondra hamiltonii Petrie ex Oliv. (1892)

Tetrachondra patagonica Skottsb. (1912)
Caraquet Bay
Caraquet Bay (French: Baie de Caraquet) is situated in the northeast of the Canadian province of New Brunswick. It is bordered on the south by the town of Caraquet and the village of Bertrand, to the south by the parish of New Bandon, to the north by the village of Maisonnette and to the northwest by the Baie des Chaleurs. Caraquet Island is located between the two bays. There are a number of beaches on the bay, as well as oyster farms and the port of Caraquet.  Caraquet Bay flows into the Caraquet River and the Du Nord River

There are two theories about the origin of the bay's name. Either Caraquet is a word in the Mi'kmaq language meaning "where two rivers meet", or it comes from a type of ship, the carrack. Governor Nicolas Denys was the first to mention Caraquet, in 1672.

Caraquet
Caraquet (English: /ˈkɑːrəkɛt/ French pronunciation: [kaʁakɛt]) is a town in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Situated on the shore of Chaleur Bay in the Acadian Peninsula, its name is derived from the Mi'kmaq term for meeting of two rivers. The Caraquet River and Rivière du Nord flow into the Caraquet Bay west of the town.

On 1 January 2023, the town was greatly enlarged by annexing the village of Bas-Caraquet and all or part of seven local service districts; the annexed communities' names remain in official use. Revised census figures have not been released.
KultureCity
KultureCity is a nonprofit organization which trains staff at venues and then certifies venues which have sensory inclusive modifications. The organization also provides an application for Apple and Android devices which lists sensory friendly venues to assist those with sensory processing disorders.

Sensory friendly
Sensory friendly refers to a designed environment which is an accommodation for people who have a sensory dysfunction or a sensory processing disorder. There are sensory friendly experiences which are offered by businesses and there is also sensory friendly furniture.
Titration
Titration (also known as titrimetry and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed). A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a standard solution of known concentration and volume. The titrant reacts with a solution of analyte (which may also be termed the titrand) to determine the analyte's concentration. The volume of titrant that reacted with the analyte is termed the titration volume.

Analyte
An analyte, component (in clinical chemistry), titrand (in titrations), or chemical species is a substance or chemical constituent that is of interest in an analytical procedure. The remainder of the sample is called the matrix. The procedure of analysis measures the analyte's chemical or physical properties, thus establishing its identity or concentration in the sample.
Marinella
Kyriaki Papadopoulou (Greek: Κυριακή Παπαδοπούλου; born 19 May 1938), known by her stage name Marinella (Greek: Μαρινέλλα), is a Greek singer whose career has spanned several decades. She is well regarded due to her impressive vocal range. Since the beginning of her professional singing career in 1956, she has released 66 solo albums, and has also been featured on many albums by other musicians. She represented Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1974, becoming the first ever Greek entrant in the contest.

From 1956 to 2024, Marinella remained active for 68 years, performing in concerts and weekly shows at nightclubs.  On September 25, 2024, at the age of 86, she suffered a severe hemorrhagic stroke while performing at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens, collapsing on stage. After four months of hospitalization, on January 21, 2025, she was discharged from the hospital and returned home.

Marinella & George Dalaras – Mazi
Mazi (Greek: Μαζί; English: Together) is a live Greek album by singers Marinella and George Dalaras. The concert was recorded at the Athens Concert Hall in November 2002. It was released in the 18th of March, 2003 in Greece by Minos EMI and it went Platinum selling over 40,000 units.
Instant return mirror
In photography, the single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is provided with a mirror to redirect light from the picture taking lens to the viewfinder prior to releasing the shutter for composing and focusing an image. When the shutter is released, the mirror swings up and away allowing the exposure of the photographic medium and instantly returns after the exposure. No SLR camera before 1954 had this feature, although the mirror on some early SLR cameras was entirely operated by the force exerted on the shutter release and only returned when the finger pressure was released. The Asahiflex II, released by Japanese company Asahi (Pentax) in 1954, was the world's first SLR camera with an instant return mirror.

Single-lens reflex camera
In photography, a single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is a type of camera that uses a mirror and prism system to allow photographers to view through the lens and see exactly what will be captured. SLRs became the dominant design for professional and consumer-level cameras throughout the late 20th century, offering interchangeable lenses, through-the-lens (TTL) metering, and precise framing. Originating in the 1930s and popularized in the 1960s and 70s, SLR technology played a crucial role in the evolution of modern photography. Although digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras succeeded film-based models, the rise of mirrorless cameras in the 2010s has led to a decline in SLR use and production. With twin lens reflex and rangefinder cameras, the viewed image could be significantly different from the final image. When the shutter button is pressed on most SLRs, the mirror flips out of the light path and allows light to pass through to the light receptor and the image to be captured.
Lifestyle (British TV channel)
Lifestyle was a British daytime television channel aimed at women and families. It was broadcast on cable and from February 1989 on transponder 5 of the Astra satellite.

The channel's logo originally consisted of 3D computer graphics forming a face before when it was relaunched in November 1987, which changes to an animated pastel butterfly and includes the signature flute tune within typifying its gentle pace and reflective colourful style.

David Hamilton (broadcaster)
David Hamilton (born David Pilditch; 10 September 1938) is an English radio and television presenter.

Since his broadcasting career began in 1959, Hamilton has hosted over 12,000 radio shows and more than 1,000 television shows. He is often known as 'Diddy David Hamilton', a name given to him by the comedian Ken Dodd.
Centre USD 397
Centre USD 397 is a public unified school district headquartered in a rural area between Lost Springs and Lincolnville in Kansas.  The district includes the communities of Lincolnville, Lost Springs, Pilsen, Tampa, Ramona, Antelope, Burdick, and nearby rural areas of Marion / Morris / Dickinson / Chase Counties.

Lincolnville, Kansas
Lincolnville is a city in Marion County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 168.  The city was named after Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States.  It is located northeast of Marion, west of the intersection of U.S. Route 77 (aka U.S. Route 56) highway and 290th Street, adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad.
Nefingus
Nefingus (died 12 September 973), in French Néfingue, was the bishop of Angers from 966 until his death. His predecessor, Aimo, died on 19 October 966.

Nefingus was a noted benefactor of the Abbey of Saint-Aubin d'Angers. With the support of Count Geoffrey I of Anjou, he replaced its secular canons with Benedictine monks and in 970 secured the abbey the right to elect its abbot free from outside interference. In 972 as bishop he confirmed its privileges. His death is recorded in the obituary of Angers Cathedral. He was succeeded by Renaud II, who secured his election with a simoniacal payment Count Geoffrey. According to the Annales de Vendôme, this succession plan was worked out in advance while Nefingus was still living. One effect of this plan was that the see did not fall vacant and the count was unable to collect the diocesan revenues, as he otherwise would have during a vacancy.

Diocese of Angers
The Diocese of Angers (Latin: Dioecesis Andegavensis; French: Diocèse d'Angers) is a  Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The episcopal see is located in Angers Cathedral in the city of Angers. The diocese extends over the entire department of Maine-et-Loire.

It was a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Tours under the old regime as well as under the Concordat. Since the general reorganization of the French hierarchy of 8 December 2002, the diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Rennes, Dol, and Saint-Malo.

In 2022, in the Diocese of Angers there was one priest for every 2,944 Catholics.
Wisconsin Lutheran College
Wisconsin Lutheran College (WLC) is a private liberal arts college in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It has an enrollment of about 1,100 students. The college is affiliated with the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS), also referred to simply as the Wisconsin Synod, is an American Confessional Lutheran denomination of Christianity. Characterized as theologically conservative, it was founded in 1850 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

As of 2022, it had a baptized membership of 340,511 in 1,250 congregations, with churches in 47 US states and 4 provinces of Canada. The WELS also does gospel outreach in 40 countries around the world. It is the third, or fourth, largest Lutheran denomination in the United States. The WELS school system is the fourth largest private school system in the United States.

The WELS is in fellowship with the Evangelical Lutheran Synod (ELS) and is a member of the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference (CELC), a worldwide organization of Lutheran church bodies of the same beliefs.
Hugh Rose, 20th of Kilravock
Hugh Rose, 20th Baron of Kilravock (1781–1827), was a Member of Parliament for Nairnshire and the Chief of Clan Rose. He was the eldest son of Hugh Rose of Brea and Broadley and his wife Elizabeth Rose, Lady of Kilravock. Upon his mother's death in 1815, he inherited her estates and became the Clan Chief of the Roses.

Baron of Kilravock
Baron of Kilravock is a title of nobility in the Baronage of Scotland. It was created in 1293 by John Balliol for Hugh Rose of Geddes. The holders of the title Baron of Kilravock have also held the Chiefdom of Clan Rose.
Downs (townland, County Westmeath)
Downs is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) north–east of Mullingar, and has an area of approximately 0.73 square kilometres (180.4 acres).

Downs is one of nine townlands in the civil parish of Taghmon in the barony of Corkaree. The modern–day rural community of The Downs is 7.89 kilometres (5 mi) south of this townland and is not to be confused with it.

The neighbouring townlands are: Rathcorbally to the north, Balreagh to the east and south, Clonkill to the south and Monkstown to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 5 houses and 26 inhabitants in the townland. As of the 2011 census, Downs townland had a population of 12 people in 5 houses.

Balreagh
Balreagh is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 10.26 kilometres (6 mi) north–east of Mullingar.

Balreagh is one of 34 townlands of the civil parish of Rathconnell in the barony of Moyashel and Magheradernon in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 828.14 acres (3.3514 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Clondalever (Taghmon), Clondalever (Kilpatrick) and Gigginstown to the north, Jeffrystown, Edmondstown and Killynan (Pratt) to the east, Killynan (Cooke) and Clonkill to the south, Downs and
Rathcorbally to the west and Taghmon to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 14 houses and 51 inhabitants in the townland.