hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jetpack (Firefox project)
Jetpack was a working group which wrote a software development kit for Firefox add-ons. They produced the Add-on SDK, a set of APIs, a runtime, and a command-line tool for creating and running add-ons, and the Add-on Builder, a Web-based integrated development environment which used the SDK.

Add-ons developed with the SDK were written in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript using CommonJS conventions. They did not require the user to restart Firefox when they were installed or uninstalled. The SDK's APIs were high-level, task-oriented, and designed to insulate developers from changes across Firefox versions.

Mozillians running the project made a tool called the Jetpack Prototype. APIs provided by the Jetpack Prototype were not compatible with the Add-on SDK.

Add-on (Mozilla)
For Mozilla software, an add-on is a software component that extends the functionality of the Firefox web browser and related applications – although most are browser extensions. Mozilla provides add-ons to users via its official add-on website.

In 2017, Mozilla enacted major changes to the application programming interface (API) for extensions in Firefox, replacing the long-standing XPCOM-based add-on APIs with the WebExtensions API that is modeled after Google Chrome's API. Thus add-ons that remain compatible with Firefox are now largely compatible with Chrome as well. As of January 2026, there are more than 74,000 add-ons and over 511,000 themes available for Firefox.
Dakin–West reaction
The Dakin–West reaction is a chemical reaction that transforms an amino-acid into a keto-amide using an acid anhydride and a base, typically pyridine. It is named for Henry Drysdale Dakin and Randolph West. In 2016 Schreiner and coworkers reported the first asymmetric variant of this reaction employing short oligopeptides as catalysts.

With pyridine as a base and solvent, refluxing conditions are required. However, with the addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as a catalyst, the reaction can take place at room temperature.

With some acids, this reaction can take place even in the absence of an α-amino group.

This reaction should not be confused with the Dakin reaction.

Dakin oxidation
The Dakin oxidation (or  Dakin reaction) is an organic redox reaction in which an ortho- or para-hydroxylated phenyl aldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde or 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) or ketone reacts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in base to form a benzenediol and a carboxylate. Overall, the carbonyl group is oxidised, whereas the H2O2 is reduced.

The Dakin oxidation, which is closely related to the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, is not to be confused with the Dakin–West reaction, though both are named after Henry Drysdale Dakin.
Reid and Sigrist
Reid and Sigrist was an English engineering company based at New Malden in Surrey. It later acquired sites at Desford and Braunstone in Leicestershire. Initially it developed and manufactured aircraft instrumentation and pilot selection aids but later diversified into flying training and aircraft design. During World War II the company was part of the Civilian Repair Organisation repairing, rebuilding and converting warplanes at the Desford site. Post-war, it continued to manufacture aviation instruments and guidance systems but also diversified further to produce cameras and optical instruments. In 1954, the company was purchased and taken over by the Decca Record Company.

Reid and Sigrist R.S.3 Desford
The Reid and Sigrist R.S.3 Desford is a British twin-engined, propeller-driven, three-seat advanced trainer aircraft developed in the Second World War for postwar use. Although the R.S.3 was evaluated as a trainer, the type never entered production and was eventually rebuilt as the R.S.4 Bobsleigh as an experimental aircraft with the pilot in a prone position, seen as advantageous in minimising g-force effects in fighter aircraft.
Jaunsar-Bawar
Jaunsar-Bawar is a hilly region in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, northern India. It is part of the Mahasu region. It is located in the north-west of Dehradun district, along the border with the state of Himachal Pradesh.

Ethnically, Jaunsar-Bawar comprises two regions, inhabited by the two predominant groups: Jaunsar, the lower half, while the snow-clad upper region is called Bawar, which includes, the 'Kharamba peak' (3,084 metres (10,118 ft)).  Geographically adjacent, they are not very different from each other. The Bawar lies in the upper regions of the area. They are a unique community because they have remained cut off from the external world for centuries, leading to the retention of their unique culture and traditions, which have attracted historians, anthropologist and studies in ethnopharmacology to this region for over a century. There is a significant cultural shift from other people of Garhwal, living close by.

Nati (dance)
Nati (नाटी) is a traditional folk dance in the Western and Central Hills of the Indian subcontinent. It is primarily native to the states of Himachal Pradesh. Nati is traditionally performed in the  Kullu, Mandi,  Shimla, Sirmaur, Chamba, Kinnaur. Due to high immigration of ethnic paharis in the plainlands, this has been made popular in the plainlands too. Traditionally, locals dance to the beats of percussion instruments called Dhol-Damau. Nati dance is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the largest folk dance.
Jamie Fox (fiddler)
Jamie Fox is a Native American musician of the Assiniboine and Gros Ventre people, who is a well-known performer of the Métis fiddle tradition of Montana.

Jamie Fox is a member of the Fox family of fiddlers from the Fort Belknap reservation. She has performed widely in the United States and Europe, where she has collaborated with her husband, Kristian Bugge, a Danish traditional fiddler, and also with old-time fiddler Ruthie Dornfeld.

Fox studied with Montana fiddler Marvin "Fatty" Morin and learned his bowing technique.

Métis fiddle
Métis fiddle is the style that the Métis of Canada and Métis in the northern United States have developed to play the violin, solo and in folk ensembles. It is marked by the percussive use of the bow and percussive accompaniment (such as spoon percussion). The Métis people are a poly-ethnic post-contact Indigenous peoples. Fiddles were "introduced in this area by Scottish and French-Canadian fur traders in the early 1800s", where the Metis community adopted the instrument into their culture.
Cassacco
Cassacco (Friulian: Cjassa) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Udine. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,880 and an area of 11.6 square kilometres (4.5 sq mi).

The municipality of Cassacco contains the frazioni (boroughs) Conoglano, Martinazzo, Raspano, and Montegnacco.

Cassacco borders the following municipalities: Colloredo di Monte Albano, Magnano in Riviera, Tarcento, Treppo Grande, Tricesimo.

Tricesimo
Tricesimo (Friulian: Tresesin) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) north of Udine. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 7,471 and an area of 17.5 square kilometres (6.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Tricesimo contains the frazioni (boroughs) Ara Grande, Ara Piccola, Felettano, Fraelacco, Leonacco, Braidamatta, Colgallo, and Adorgnano.

Tricesimo borders the following municipalities: Cassacco, Pagnacco, Reana del Rojale, Tarcento, Tavagnacco, Treppo Grande, Fagagna.
Santa Ana Valley
The Santa Ana Valley is located in Orange County, California and is bisected by the Santa Ana River. The valley is home to most of Orange County's central business districts. The cities of Anaheim, Buena Park, Costa Mesa, Fullerton, Irvine, Orange, Placentia, Santa Ana, and Yorba Linda are located in the Santa Ana Valley.

Costa Mesa, California
Costa Mesa (/ˌkoʊstə ˈmeɪsə/ KOH-stə MAY-sə; Spanish for 'Mesa Coast') is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming community of 16,840 to an urban area including part of the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city, one of the region's largest commercial clusters, with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 census.
Richard Gwyn
Richard Gwyn (ca. 1537 – 15 October 1584), also known by his anglicized name, Richard White, was a Welsh teacher at illegal and underground schools and a bard who wrote both Christian and satirical poetry in the Welsh language. A Roman Catholic during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, Gwyn was martyred by being hanged, drawn and quartered for high treason at Wrexham in 1584. He was canonized by Pope Paul VI in 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. Since its creation in 1987, St. Richard Gwyn has been the Patron Saint of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wrexham. Along with fellow lay martyr St. Margaret Clitherow, Gwyn is the co-patron of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales.

George Bromley (politician)
George Bromley (ca. 1526–1589) was an English lawyer, landowner, politician and judge of the Mid-Tudor and Elizabethan period, a member of an important Shropshire legal and landed gentry dynasty. Although his career was overshadowed by that of his brother Thomas Bromley, George Bromley was of considerable importance in the affairs of the Welsh marches and the Inner Temple. He was an MP for Liskeard 1563, Much Wenlock in 1558 and 1559 and Shropshire in 1571 and 1572.
Baroda State
Baroda State was a kingdom within the    Maratha Empire and later a princely state in present-day Gujarat. It was ruled by the Gaekwad dynasty from its formation in 1721 until its accession to the newly formed Dominion of India. With the city of Baroda as its capital, its relations with the British Raj authorities were managed by the Baroda Residency. The revenue of the state in 1901 was Rs. 13,661,000. Baroda merged into the Dominion of India on 1 May 1949, before which an interim government was formed in the state.

Okha, India
Okha is a coastal town in Devbhoomi Dwarka district of Gujarat state in India. Dwarka is situated 30 km south, and Bet Dwarka island is situated 2.9 km across a small creek from Okha port. Okha port is a major Hindu pilgrimage site due to a temple dedicated to Krishna.
7'eren
The Voice TV was the name of a Danish television station that broadcast music videos 24 hours a day. 7'eren was launched on January 1, 2012, as a programming block on The Voice TV, and a year later, on January 1, 2013, the channel renamed The Voice TV into 7'eren, by rebranding itself as a channel for youth programming.

The same happened to Finland's The Voice, it changed named Kutonen on 1 September 2012. The Voice channels are in different countries.

Due to poor ratings, the station was closed by the end of October 2014 and replaced with a Danish version of Investigation Discovery. The replacement was due to the success of criminal TV series and factual content, such as the CSI franchise.

Kutonen (TV channel)
Kutonen (Sixth) is a Finnish general entertainment channel that replaced the music-video oriented The Voice TV in September 2012. Kutonen is very closely related to its Danish counterpart 6'eren, sharing its visual branding and much programming with it, as well as having close strategic connections to other brands owned and operated by SBS in other European countries.
Alessandro Panizzardi
Alessandro Panizzardi (1853–1928) was an Italian military officer of Lieutenant colonel rank. Panizzardi was associated with Maximilian von Schwartzkoppen's role in the Dreyfus affair. Later research suggests that von Schwartzkoppen and Panizzardi were involved in an intimate relationship. A book of the name Le dossier secret de l'affaire Dreyfus was published in 2007 by three French journalists. In a review of the book in Italian newspaper La Stampa, it was noted that case against Dreyfus was explicitly linked to anti-Semitism, but also to Schwartzkoppen and Panizzardis' homosexual affair.

Maximilian von Schwartzkoppen
Maximilian Friedrich Wilhelm August Leopold von Schwartzkoppen (24 February 1850 – 8 January 1917) was a Prussian military officer. After serving as an Imperial German military attaché in Paris, Schwartzkoppen was later given the rank of General of the Infantry, and held various senior commands in World War I. He is known for his role in the Dreyfus affair.
Regional Rail Revival project
The Regional Rail Revival is a joint initiative between the Australian federal government and the Victorian state government to upgrade all regional railway lines in Victoria. The project has an estimated total cost of $4 billion, including $2.3 billion funded by the Commonwealth. It was delivered by Rail Projects Victoria (RPV) until April 2024, and then by the Level Crossing Removal Project. The project is guided by the 2016 Regional Network Development Plan, which outlines the short, medium and long-term priorities for a modernised regional rail network.

Warrnambool railway line
The Warrnambool railway line is a railway serving the south west of Victoria, Australia. Running from the western Melbourne suburb of Newport through the cities of Geelong and Warrnambool, the line once terminated at the coastal town of Port Fairy before being truncated to Dennington (just west of Warrnambool). This closed section of line has been converted into the 37 km long Port Fairy to Warrnambool Rail Trail. The line continues to see both passenger and freight services today.
James J. Sullivan School
The James J. Sullivan School is a historic elementary school that is located in the Frankford neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

It is part of the School District of Philadelphia, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Frankford, Philadelphia
Frankford is a neighborhood in the Northeast section of Philadelphia situated about six miles (10 km) northeast of Center City. Although its borders are vaguely defined, the neighborhood is bounded roughly by the original course of Frankford Creek on the south to Castor Ave and Roosevelt boulevard on the northwest and southwest, to Cheltenham Avenue on the north, and to Aramingo Avenue and I-95 on the east. Adjacent neighborhoods are Bridesburg, Juniata, Northwood, Summerdale, and Wissinoming.

Historically, Frankford had an unofficial division separating Frankford (proper) from East Frankford, which encompassed the area east of Frankford Avenue. The division divided the community first along racial lines, with African Americans to the east of Frankford Avenue and Caucasians to the west.
Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress
The Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress is an award, begun in 1962, presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India to an actor for best performance in a Marathi cinema. The awardees are decided by a jury constituted every year. They are announced by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister.

The inaugural award was named as "Smita Patil Award for Best Actress" and was awarded to Sulochana for the film Prapanch, directed by Madhukar Pathak.

Maharashtra State Film Awards
Maharashtra State Film Awards, one of the prestigious awards of Marathi cinema, are awarded by the Government of Maharashtra to Marathi language films and artists. They were first awarded in 1963.

The Maharashtra State Film Awards are adjudicated by an independent jury jointly formed by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Maharashtra. The jury typically comprises eminent personalities from the film industry. A separate jury is constituted for the awards recognizing literature on cinema. Films are invited for consideration annually, and the jury evaluates the submissions to select the winners. The awards aim to promote artistic excellence in cinema and incentivize filmmakers, technicians, and producers. The Minister for Cultural Affairs announces the awardees, who are presented with the prizes by the Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
Gilkeya
Gilkeya is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. It is monotypic, containing the single species Gilkeya compacta. It is named after the American mycologist Helen Margaret Gilkey (1886–1972).

The genus was circumscribed by Matthew Edward Smith, James Martin Trappe and David M. Rizzo in Mycologia Vol.98 (Issue 5) on pages 705 in 2007.

Pyronemataceae
The Pyronemataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. It is the largest family of the Pezizales, encompassing 75 genera and approximately 500 species. Phylogenetic analyses does not support the prior classifications of this family,  and suggest that the family is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed.
Dick Cleveland
Richard Fitch Cleveland (September 21, 1929 – July 27, 2002) was a Hawaiian-born American competition Hall of Fame swimmer, three-time Pan American Games champion, and former world record-holder in the 100 meters and 100 yard events. He attended Ohio State University, and was one of the early competitive swimmers to benefit from the use of weight training in the off season. He later worked as a real estate broker

Soichi Sakamoto
Soichi Sakamoto (Japanese: 坂本 正一, January 23, 1906 – August 2, 1997) was an American swimming coach for the Hawaii Swim Club from 1946 through 1981, the University of Hawaii from 1946 through 1961 and the U.S. Olympic team in 1952 and 1956. He pioneered the use of interval and resistance training for competitive swimmers, methods that have now become standard throughout the sport. He coached several national champions and five Olympic medalists that included Bill Woolsey, Thelma Kalama, Evelyn Kawamoto, Bill Smith, and Burwell Jones.
Wa Women's Association
Wa Women's Association is a human rights organisation based in Wa State, Myanmar. The organisation supports women's rights and promote charitable and Wa cultural programmes, for example through dance and promotion of the Wa script.

In 1990s the organisation established an orphanage in Pangkham for children whose parents were killed in fighting between United Wa State Army and Shan forces. In 2016 they created a Wa State Charity Association to coordinate philanthropic work. Their work is comparable to other women's organisations in Myanmar, such as the Karen Women’s Organization (KWO), the Ta-ang Women’s Organisation (TWO), and the Kachin Women’s Association of Thailand (KWAT).

Many of the women who lead and volunteer with the WWA are the wives of military commanders in the regions. In 2021 Li Yuheng, the Deputy Director of the Wa Women's Association, died.

Wa State
Wa State is a de facto independent state and de jure self-governing region in Myanmar that has its own political system, administrative divisions and army. While the Wa State government recognises Myanmar's sovereignty over all of its territory, this does not include allegiance to any specific government. The 2008 Constitution of Myanmar officially recognises the northern part of Wa State as the Wa Self-Administered Division of Shan State. It is run as a de facto communist state ruled by the United Wa State Party (UWSP), which split from the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) in 1989. Wa State is divided into three counties, two special districts, and one economic development zone. The administrative capital is Pangkham, formerly known as Pangsang. The name Wa is derived from the Wa ethnic group, who speak an Austroasiatic language.
Herbert Gintis
Herbert Malena Gintis (February 11, 1940 – January 5, 2023) was an American economist, behavioral scientist, and educator known for his theoretical contributions to sociobiology, especially altruism, cooperation, epistemic game theory, gene-culture coevolution, efficiency wages, strong reciprocity, and human capital theory. Throughout his career, he worked extensively with economist Samuel Bowles. Their landmark book, Schooling in Capitalist America, had multiple editions in five languages since it was first published in 1976. Their book, A Cooperative Species: Human Reciprocity and its Evolution was published by Princeton University Press in 2011.

Robert Boyd (anthropologist)
Robert Turner Boyd (born February 11, 1948) is an American anthropologist. He is professor of the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (SHESC) at Arizona State University (ASU). His research interests include evolutionary psychology and in particular the evolutionary roots of culture. Together with his primatologist wife, Joan B. Silk (who is also a professor in SHESC at ASU), he wrote the textbook How Humans Evolved.
Joanne Rout
Joanne Elizabeth Rout, née Round (born 1975, Bishop Auckland, England) is a retired British Paralympic swimmer. Joanne came to national attention when she competed in the 1988 Seoul Paralympics. Round was the youngest member of the Great Britain Team aged just 12 years old, undeterred by the age and experience of the athletes around her. She won two Gold and three Silver medals and remains to this day the youngest British Gold Medal winning Paralympian.

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics
The Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics (also called the Nostratic School) is a school of linguistics based in Moscow, Russia that is known for its work in long-range comparative linguistics. Formerly based at Moscow State University, it is currently centered at the RSUH Institute of Linguistics (Institute of Linguistics of the Russian State University for the Humanities), and also the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, Russia.

Sergei Starostin
Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin (Russian: Серге́й Анато́льевич Ста́ростин; March 24, 1953 – September 30, 2005) was a Russian historical linguist and philologist, perhaps best known for his reconstructions of hypothetical proto-languages, including his work on the controversial Altaic theory, the formulation of the Dené–Caucasian hypothesis, and the proposal of a Borean language family of still earlier date. None of his proposed macrofamilies have seen wide-scale acceptance in the linguistic community and are mostly seen as implausible.
Ladies Finnish Open
The Ladies Finnish Open was a professional women's golf tournament held in Finland. It was played as part of the Swedish Golf Tour 1998–2011, the LET Access Series 2012–2019, and after a one-year hiatus, part of the Ladies European Tour between 2021 and 2023.

Finnair Masters
The Ladies Finnish Masters was a women's professional golf tournament on the Ladies European Tour held in Helsinki, Finland, between 2005 and 2011. In 2006 Finnair, the country's largest airline, became title sponsor and it changed name to the Finnair Masters. The 54-hole tournament was played every year at the Helsinki Golf Club and with a purse of €200,000 had one of the smaller prize funds on the tour.

Between 2005 and 2007 the tournament was a constituent of the Volvo Cross Country Challenge, which offered a bonus pool of $100,000 for events in the Nordic region, with the added bonus of $1million should any player win all four of the Volvo Cross Country Challenge events.