hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Hicks (activist)
Robert Hicks (February 20, 1929 – April 13, 2010) was a prominent leader in Bogalusa, Louisiana during the Civil Rights Movement, whose activism helped put an end to segregation and discriminatory practices in education, housing, employment, public accommodations and healthcare. Best known for his leading role in founding the Bogalusa chapter of The Deacons for Defense and Justice, an armed African-American self-defense group, Hicks led daily protests on the streets of Jim Crow-era Bogalusa. He served as president and later Vice President  of the Bogalusa Civic and Voters League, and the plaintiff in a series of civil rights lawsuits which achieved groundbreaking legal victories nationwide.

Bogalusa, Louisiana
Bogalusa (/ˌboʊɡəˈluːsə/ BOH-gə-LOO-sə) is a city in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 12,232 at the 2010 census. In the 2020 census the city reported a population of 10,659. It is the principal city of the Bogalusa Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Washington Parish and is also part of the larger New Orleans–Metairie–Slidell combined statistical area.

The name of the city derives from the Choctaw language term bogue lusa, which translates into English as "dark water" or "smoky water". Located in an area of pine forests, in the early 20th century, this industrial city was developed as a company town, to provide worker housing and services in association with a Great Southern Lumber Company sawmill. In the late 1930s, this operation was replaced with paper mills and chemical operations.
Rupatoli
Rupatali is a zone and neighborhood in Barisal, Bangladesh. The area is developed by Rupatali Housing Estate. Its terminal, known as Rupatali Bus Terminal, connects the city of Barisal to other districts. Rupatali's points of interests include newly built schools, shopping centres, wood and multi-stem tree markets.

Barisal
Barisal (/ˌbʌr əˈsɑːl/ or /ˈbær əˌsɔːl/; Bengali: বরিশাল, pronounced [boɾiʃal] ⓘ), officially known as Barishal, is a major city that lies on the banks of the Kirtankhola river in south-central Bangladesh. It is the largest city and the administrative headquarter of both Barisal District and Barisal Division. It is one of the oldest municipalities and river ports of the country. The city was once called the Venice of the East or the Venice of Bengal.

Barisal municipality was established in 1876 during the British rule in India and upgraded to City Corporation on 25 July 2002. Barisal is Bangladesh's third largest financial hub after Dhaka and Chittagong. The city consists of 30 wards and 50 mahallas with a population of 533,000, according to the 2023 national census, and about 250,000 voters, according to the 2018 voter list of city election. The area of the city is 58 km2.
Trachy (coin)
The term trachy (Greek: τραχύ), plural trachea (τραχέα), meaning "rough" or "uneven", was used to describe the cup-shaped (incorrectly often called "scyphate") Byzantine coins struck in the 11th–14th centuries. The term was properly applied to coins of electrum, billon, or copper, but not to the gold hyperpyra. The coin was devalued as the alloy mixture had less silver over time.

During the short lifespan of the feudal Crusader state, the Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204–1261) also used the trachy.

Hyperpyron
The hyperpyron (Greek: νόμισμα ὑπέρπυρον, nómisma hypérpyron lit. 'highly refined') was a Byzantine coin in use during the late Middle Ages, replacing the solidus as the Byzantine Empire's standard gold coinage in the 11th century. It was introduced by emperor Alexios I Komnenos.
Yi Xu
Yi Xu (also Yi Jie, Yi Jiao, Yi Ju) (Chinese: 義姁, fl. 2nd-century BC), was a Chinese physician.  She is known as one of the famous four female physicians in Chinese history, along with Zhang Xiaoniang of Northern Song dynasty, Gu Bao of the Jin dynasty and Tan Yunxian, who was active during the Ming dynasty. She was active during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han.

Some scholars suggest she was the first female physician in Chinese history. She is recorded as having given medical treatment to the Empress Dowager, Wang Zhi (empress), and, in general, she served as a physician who treated the women who lived within the royal palace.

Bao Gu
Bao Gu (Chinese: 鮑姑, bāogū), fl. 4th-century, also known as Pao Ku Ko), was a Chinese Taoist physician. She was the daughter of accomplished Taoist practitioner and governor Bao Jing, and the wife of Ge Hong, who is the author of Baopuzi. She is also known as one of the famous four female physicians in Chinese history, along with Zhang Xiaoniang of Northern Song dynasty, Yi Xu of the Western Han dynasty, and Tan Yunxian, who was active during the Ming dynasty. She was active during the Eastern Jin dynasty.
Fiat Compact platform
The Compact platform was developed by engineers of the Fiat Group for the construction of small family cars (compact cars) and large family cars (mid-size cars) with front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive. The first incarnation of this platform was the Alfa Romeo Giulietta which was unveiled in 2010. Fiat has invested 100 million euros into the construction of the Compact Platform.

Dodge Dart (PF)
The Dodge Dart is a front-engine, front-wheel drive, four-door compact sedan that was manufactured and marketed by then FCA US LLC, a subsidiary of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. The automobile debuted at the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan. In some non-US markets, the Dodge Dart is sold as the Fiat Viaggio.

Reviving a nameplate used by Dodge in model years 1960-1976 for a succession of full-size, mid-size, and finally compact models, the Dart (PF) was the brand's first compact sedan since 2005, when the Neon was discontinued.
Maximum experimental safe gap
Maximum experimental safe gap (MESG)  is a standardized measurement of how easily a gas flame will pass through a narrow gap bordered by heat-absorbing metal.  MESG is used to classify flammable gases for the design and/or selection of electrical equipment in hazardous areas, and flame arrestor devices. The National Electrical Code classifies Class I hazardous locations into different groups depending on the respective MESG's of gases in the area.

Electrical equipment in hazardous areas
In electrical and safety engineering, hazardous locations (HAZLOC, HazLoc, or hazloc /ˈhæzˌloʊk/) are places where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Sources of such hazards include gases, vapors, dust, fibers, and flyings, which are combustible or flammable. Electrical equipment installed in such locations can provide an ignition source, due to electrical arcing, or high temperatures. Standards and regulations exist to identify such locations, classify the hazards, and design equipment for safe use in such locations.
Tenetehara languages
The Tenetehára or Teneteharan languages (also known as Tupi–Guarani IV) are a subgroup of the Tupi–Guarani language family.

Along with Timbira and the Northern Tupi–Guarani languages, the Tenetehara languages form part of the lower Tocantins-Mearim linguistic area.

Tupi–Guarani languages
Tupi–Guarani (/tuːˈpiː ɡwɑˈrɑːni/ /ɡwɑˈɾɑ-/; Tupi-Guarani: [tuˈpi ɡwaɾaˈni]; pronunciationⓘ) is the most widely distributed subfamily of the Tupian languages of South America. It consists of about fifty languages, including Guarani and Old Tupi. The most widely spoken in modern times by far is Guarani, which is one of the two official languages of Paraguay.
Éditions Albert René
Éditions Albert René is a French publishing house created in 1979 by cartoonist Albert Uderzo, two years after the death of his collaborating scriptwriter René Goscinny. The company Lagardère Publishing (via Hachette Livre) has owned 100% of the publishing house since 2011. Éditions Albert René controls the publication of the Astérix series (from the album Asterix and the Great Divide, 25th album in the series), Jehan Pistolet, Oumpah-Pah and the other joint works of Uderzo and Goscinny.

Albert Uderzo
Alberto Aleandro Uderzo (Italian: [alˈbɛrto aleˈandro uˈdɛrtso]; 25 April 1927 – 24 March 2020), better known as Albert Uderzo (French: [albɛʁ ydɛʁzo]), was a French comic book artist and scriptwriter. He is best known as the co-creator and illustrator of the Astérix series in collaboration with René Goscinny. He also drew other comics such as Oumpah-pah, again with Goscinny.
Uderzo retired in September 2011.
Narinkka
Narinkka or Narinkkatori (Swedish: Narinken) is a square in Kamppi, Helsinki, Finland. It is surrounded by the Kamppi Center to the west, the former financial building of the Turku barracks to the east and the Scandic Hotels hotel Simonkenttä to the south. To the north the square borders the Salomonkatu street, which is nowadays a pedestrian zone, to the south between the square and the Simonkatu street is the Kamppi Chapel (the Silence Chapel). The square got its current form during the construction of the Kamppi Center and was built in 2005, when it also got its name.

The square has held public events such as various exhibitions, sports competitions and outdoor concerts, including the Eurovillage event related to the 2007 Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki. The 2006 sculpture Yrittäjäveistos (Leverty) by Eva Löfdahl, which was raised to honour the Finnish entrepreneurs, is located at the square.

Kamppi
Kamppi (Swedish: Kampen) is a neighbourhood in the centre of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. The name originally referred to a small area known as the "Kamppi field" (see below), but according to the current official designation, "Kamppi" encompasses a much larger area with a population of 12,098 people (as of 31 December 2022) and 28,181 jobs (as of 31 December 2012).

In common parlance today, the name "Kamppi" is often used to refer only to the northernmost part of Kamppi, containing the Kamppi Center shopping centre, the Kamppi metro station and the Tennispalatsi and Sähkötalo buildings.

The heart of Kamppi is a part of the Central Business District. However, in stark contrast to the other districts of central Helsinki, development in Kamppi was sporadic and the very centre of Kamppi remained entirely undeveloped until 2002.
Solomon Arter House
The Solomon Arter House is a historic two-story, three-bay log home in Union Mills, Carroll County, Maryland, United States. It was built in about 1810 by Solomon Arter, a member of the Arter family that was prominent in the Pennsylvania German culture of this region. The structure is representative of Pennsylvania German domestic architecture in Carroll County, and is significant for the preservation of its interior stenciling. Also on the property is an 1872 bank barn, hogpen, and 1883 frame Victorian tenant house.

The Solomon Arter House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

The house lies outside area of the proposed Union Mills Reservoir.

Union Mills, Maryland
Union Mills is an unincorporated community in Carroll County, Maryland, United States. The community is home to the Union Mills Homestead Historic District, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.  The Solomon Arter House was listed in 1987 and the Philip and Uriah Arter Farm in 2006.

Since the 1970s, Carroll County commissioners have tried to build a dam or reservoir centered nearby, defeated in the 1970s and revived in the 2000s as a proposed Union Mills Reservoir.

Union Mills plays a central role in Gettysburg: A Novel of the Civil War, a 2003 alternate history novel written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen.
Mouse brain
The mouse brain refers to the brain of Mus musculus. Various brain atlases for it exist.

Despite superficial differences, especially in size and weight, the mouse brain and its function can serve as a powerful animal model for study of human brain diseases or mental disorders (see e.g. Reeler, Chakragati mouse). This is because the genes responsible for building and operating both mouse and human brain are 90% identical. Transgenic mouse lines also allow neuroscientists to specifically target the labeling of certain cell types to probe the neural basis of fundamental processes.

House mouse
The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small mammal of the rodent family Muridae, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus Mus. Although a wild animal, the house mouse has benefited significantly from associating with human habitation to the point that truly wild populations are significantly less common than the synanthropic populations near human activity.

The house mouse has been domesticated as the pet or fancy mouse, and as the laboratory mouse, which is one of the most important model organisms in biology and medicine. The complete mouse reference genome was sequenced in 2002.
Torbat-e Jam
Torbat-e Jam (Persian: تربت جام) is a city in the Central District of Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is one of the ancient cities of Greater Khorasan.

Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami Mausoleum
The Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami Mausoleum (Persian: مجموعهٔ آرامگاهی شیخ احمد جامی; Arabic: ضريح الشيخ أحمد جامي), also known as the Tomb of Ahmad-e Jam and as the Turbat-i Shaykh Jam, is a Sunni mausoleum and shrine complex located in Torbat-e Jam, in the province of Razavi Khorasan, Iran. The complex includes a collection of religious buildings, mosques, houses and tombstones all around the central tomb of Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami, an Iranian sufi who lived between 1048 and 1141.

The mausoleum was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 6 January 1932 and is administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.
Ca' Zenobio degli Armeni
The Ca' Zenobio degli Armeni (Palazzo Zenobio, Ca' Zenobio) is a three-story Baroque-style palace structure in the sestiere of Dorsoduro, in Venice, Italy. The nearby bridge, Ponte del Soccorso, connects it to the Palazzo Ariani.

Palazzo Ariani
Palazzo Ariani, also known as Palazzo Ariani Minotto Cicogna (in Venetian, Palazzo Arian), is a palace in Venice, located in the Dorsoduro district, almost opposite to the church of 
Angelo San Raffaele and not far from San Sebastiano. The nearby bridge Ponte del Soccorso connects it to the Palazzo Zenobio.
Filmjournalen
Filmjournalen was Sweden's largest and most influential film magazine published between 1919 and 1953. The magazine was printed and based in Stockholm. Its publisher was Åhlén och Åkerlunds tidskriftsförlag.

Filmjournalen featured the latest news on Swedish and international films, interviews with stars and directors, articles on film genres, reviews, premiere night photos of the stars, on-set reports from studios during filming (both in Sweden and internationally; as well as on great Hollywood films where Filmjournalen had their own reporters and photographers present). There were in every number glossy photographs of stars featured on full pages inside the magazine and—of course—on the cover.

In 1953 Filmjournalen became part of the more "broad culture" magazine Bildjournalen, which not only featured news on films, but also on what was going on in the world of art, culture, theatre and society in general, with interviews with politicians and other famous personalities.

Bildjournalen
Bildjournalen (Swedish: The Picture Journal) was a youth magazine published from 1954 to 1969. Based in Malmö, it was the first youth magazine of Sweden. During its existence it was the most popular magazine in its category.
Bergen Township, New Jersey (1661–1862)
Bergen Township was a township that existed in the U.S. state of New Jersey, from 1661 to 1862, first as Bergen, New Netherland, then as part Bergen County, and later as part of Hudson County. Several places still bear the name: the township of North Bergen; Bergen Square, Old Bergen Road, Bergen Avenue, Bergen Junction, Bergen Hill and Bergen Arches in Jersey City; Bergen Point in Bayonne; and Bergenline Avenue and Bergen Turnpike in North Hudson.

Weehawken, New Jersey
Weehawken is a township in the northern part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is located on the Hudson Waterfront and Hudson Palisades overlooking the Hudson River. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 17,197, an increase of 4,643 (+37.0%) from the 2010 census count of 12,554, which in turn reflected a decline of 947 (−7.0%) from the 13,501 counted in the 2000 census.
GTP cyclohydrolase I
GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) (EC 3.5.4.16) is a member of the GTP cyclohydrolase family of enzymes. GTPCH is part of the folate and biopterin biosynthesis pathways. It is responsible for the hydrolysis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to form 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate (7,8-DHNP-3'-TP, 7,8-NH2-3'-TP).

GTP cyclohydrolase
GTP cyclohydrolases are enzymes that catalyze imidazole ring opening of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). This reaction is the committed step in the biosynthesis of multiple coenzymes (such as riboflavin and folate), tRNA bases, and the phytotoxin toxoflavin. Several GTP cyclohydrolases exist, which sometimes synthesize different products for different purposes:

GTP cyclohydrolase I, part of the tetrahydrobiopterin, tetrahydrofolate, queuosine and other biosynthetic pathways

GTP cyclohydrolase Ia,

GTP cyclohydrolase Ib, part of the tetrahydrobiopterin, tetrahydrofolate, queueosine and other biosynthetic pathways

GTP cyclohydrolase II, part of the riboflavin and toxoflavin biosynthetic pathways

GTP cyclohydrolase IIa (or GTP cyclohydrolase III), part of the riboflavin and deazaflavin cofactor biosynthetic pathways

GTP cyclohydrolase IV

GTP cyclohydrolase MptA, GTP cyclohydrolase Ib paralog

These enzymes require divalent cations for catalysis.
Eric Gonzalez (lawyer)
Eric Gonzalez (born January 24, 1969) is an American attorney who is currently serving as the district attorney for Kings County in Brooklyn, New York. Gonzalez became the acting district attorney in October 2016 after his predecessor Kenneth P. Thompson, died shortly after announcing that he was stepping down to be treated for cancer. He had previously served as the chief assistant district attorney under Thompson.

In September 2017, Gonzalez defeated five other candidates in the Democratic primary, all but assuring him of a full term. In November 2021, he was elected to another four-year term (through January 2026), garnering 98.8% of the vote in an uncontested election.

Brooklyn District Attorney
The Kings County District Attorney's Office, also known as the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office, is the district attorney's office for Kings County, coterminous with the Borough of Brooklyn, in New York City. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of the laws of New York. (Violations of federal law are prosecuted by the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York.) The current district attorney is Eric Gonzalez.
Kaarma Parish
Kaarma Parish was a municipality of Saare County, Estonia next to Kuressaare.  In 2014, it was merged with the municipalities of Kärla and Lümanda to become the Lääne-Saare municipality.

The municipality had a population of 4,608 (as of 1 January 2012) and covered an area of 400 km2. It had 87 km of land border and 98 km of waterline.

Islands in Kaarma Parish: Abruka, Kasselaid, Linnusitamaa, Vahase, Väike-Tulpe.

Kärla Parish
Kärla Parish was a municipality in Saare County, Estonia.
In 2014, it was merged with the municipalities of Kaarma and Lümanda to become the Lääne-Saare municipality.

The parish consisted of one small town, Kärla,  and 22 villages: Anepesa, Arandi, Hirmuste, Jõempa, Käesla, Kandla, Karida, Kirikuküla, Kogula, Kulli, Kuuse, Kõrkküla, Mätasselja, Mõnnuste, Nõmpa, Paevere, Paiküla, Sauvere, Sõmera, Ulje, Vendise and Vennati. The municipality had a population of 1,803 (as of 1 January 2007) and covered an area of 217.87 km² (84.12 mi²).
Melnik Peak
Melnik Peak (Bulgarian: връх Мельник, romanized: vrah Melnik, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈmɛɫnik]) is the 696 m summit of Melnik Ridge in eastern Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica.  Surmounting Kaliakra Glacier to the north and west, and Struma Glacier to the southeast.  The peak takes its name from Melnik Ridge.

First ascent by Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 28 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 survey.

Melnik Ridge
Melnik Ridge (Melnishki Hrebet \'mel-nish-ki 'hre-bet\) is a narrow ridge rising to 696 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica bounded by Kaliakra Glacier to the north and west, and Struma Glacier to the south, and linked to Bowles Ridge by the 575 m high Yankov Gap. The ridge is 2.2 km long in the east-west direction, featuring Sliven Peak and Etropole Peak, with the summit Melnik Peak forming its west extremity. It has partly snow-free southern slopes.  The ridge was first surveyed by Lyubomir Ivanov and Doychin Vasilev from Camp Academia on 28 December 2004, as part of Tangra 2004/05 topographic survey.

Melnik is the name of a town in south-western Bulgaria.
Day Watch (video game)
Day Watch (Russian: «Дневной Дозор») is a tactical role-playing game developed by Russian developer Nival Interactive, and based on the Russian novel and the film of the same name. It features a group of Light Others trying to combat the schemes of Day Watch.

It is a sequel of the Night Watch video game released in Russia in 2007. The game is powered by the Silent Storm engine.

Tactical role-playing game
Tactical role-playing game (abbreviated TRPG), also known as strategy role-playing game or simulation RPG (both abbreviated SRPG), is a video game genre that combines core elements of role-playing video games with those of tactical (turn-based or real-time) strategy video games. The formats of tactical RPGs are much like traditional tabletop role-playing games and strategy games in appearance, pacing, and rule structure. Likewise, early tabletop role-playing games are descended from skirmish wargames such as Chainmail, which were primarily concerned with combat.
Sedat Bornovalı
Sedat Bornovalı (born 31 May 1970) is a Turkish art historian (PhD), interpreter, and professional tourist guide. He works in Italian, English, and Turkish. Bornovalı is known for his research on the architectural history of Istanbul, focusing on the interactions between Italian and Ottoman architects, and for his role as a guide and interpreter for visiting heads of state.

Liceo Italiano di Istanbul
The Liceo Italiano Statale Istanbul (Turkish: Özel İtalyan Lisesi) or the Istituti Medi Italiani (I.M.I.), popularly known as Liceo Italiano in Italian and İtalyan Lisesi in Turkish, is under legislation a private school which is situated in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. Although considered a private school under Turkish law, the Liceo Italiano receives financial support and teachers from Italy and is owned by the Italian government.