hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Golf Foundation
The National Golf Foundation (NGF) provides golf-business research and consulting services. Founded in 1936 by golf writer Herb Graffis and his brother Joe, who nearly went bankrupt in the process, its original mission was to publish authoritative research useful to investors developing the game of golf. As of 2007 it had 6000 member companies.

The NGF has been delivering the Graffis Award since 1970 to highlight "outstanding contributions to the game of golf". Past winners include Ellen Jean Griffin (1970) and Gary Wiren (1978).

Gary Wiren
Gary Wiren (born 1935) is a PGA Master Professional instructor. Wiren was the Director of Education, Learning, and Research for the PGA of America between 1972 and 1985, during which time he produced the "Laws, Principles, and Preferences" of golf swing instruction. He is the founder of three golf schools, and is now the senior director of instruction for Trump Golf Properties. Wiren is a member of both the PGA Hall of Fame and the World Golf Teachers' Hall of Fame. As an author, he has written fourteen books, and Wiren is also the founder of Golf Around the World.
Night Drum
Night Drum a.k.a. The Adulteress (夜の鼓, Yoru no tsuzumi) is a 1958 Japanese historical drama film directed by Tadashi Imai. It was written by Kaneto Shindō and Shinobu Hashimoto, based on the 1706 play Horikawa nami no tsuzumi by Monzaemon Chikamatsu. Film historians regard Night Drum as one of director Imai's major works.

Shinobu Hashimoto
Shinobu Hashimoto (Japanese: 橋本 忍, Hashimoto Shinobu; 18 April 1918 – 19 July 2018) was a Japanese screenwriter, director and producer. A frequent collaborator of Akira Kurosawa, he wrote the scripts for critically acclaimed films such as Rashomon and Seven Samurai, as well as the Samurai films Harakiri (1962) and Hitokiri (released in the US as Tenchu!) (1969).
Michael Morris (artist)
Michael Morris D.F.A. (16 May 1942 – 18 November 2022) was a British-born Canadian visual artist, archivist, educator, and curator.  Morris has also completed successful works in film, photography, video, installation, correspondence art, and performance.

Mail art
Mail art, also known as postal art and correspondence art, is an artistic movement centered on sending small-scale works through the postal service. It developed out of what eventually became Ray Johnson's New York Correspondence School and the Fluxus movements of the 1960s. It has since developed into a global, ongoing movement.
Native Tongue (Hiaasen novel)
Native Tongue is a novel by Carl Hiaasen, published in 1991. Like all his novels, it is set in Florida. The themes of the novel include corruption, environmentalism, exploitation of endangered species, and animal rights.

Carl Hiaasen
Carl Hiaasen (/ˈhaɪ.əsɛn/; born March 12, 1953) is an American journalist and novelist. He began his career as a newspaper reporter and by the late 1970s had begun writing novels in his spare time, both for adults and for middle grade readers. Two of his novels have been made into feature films, and one has been made into a TV series.

Hiaasen's adult novels are humorous crime thrillers set in Florida. They feature casts of eccentric, sometimes grotesque characters and satirize aspects of American popular culture. Many of the novels include themes related to environmentalism and political corruption in his native state.
Sōgen Asahina
Sōgen Asahina (朝比奈宗源, Asahina Sōgen, January 9, 1891 – August 25, 1979) was an influential Japanese Rinzai zen master and founder of Nippon wo Mamoru kai. He was also a prolific writer and a calligrapher.

Born in Shizuoka Prefecture, Asahina graduated from Nihon University. He studied at Myōshin-ji in Kyoto and at Engaku-ji in Kamakura. He rose to become the head (kanchō (管長)) of the Engaku-ji branch of Rinzai Zen. Also, he was a professor at Komazawa University.

Asahina's works include Zen (bilingual, English and Japanese; 1954), Nippon no Zen (1959) and commentaries on the Hekiganroku and Rinzairoku.

Asahina was also an accomplished calligrapher. Television shows, including Mito Kōmon and Ōoka Echizen, featured his writing in their title screens. His writing can also be seen in the memorial to Gichin Funakoshi at Engaku-ji.

Gichin Funakoshi
Gichin Funakoshi (船越 義珍, Funakoshi Gichin; November 10, 1868 – April 26, 1957) was the founder of Shotokan karate. He is known as a "father of modern karate". Following the teachings of Anko Itosu and Anko Asato, he was one of the Okinawan karate masters who introduced karate to the Japanese mainland in 1922, following its earlier introduction by his teacher Itosu. He taught karate at various Japanese universities and became honorary head of the Japan Karate Association upon its establishment in 1949. In addition to being a karate master, Funakoshi was an avid poet and philosopher. His son, Gigō Funakoshi, is widely credited with developing the foundation of the modern karate Shotokan style.
Listed buildings in Collingham, West Yorkshire
Collingham is a civil parish in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.  It contains eight listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the villages of Collingham and Linton, and the surrounding countryside.  The listed buildings consist of a church, two farmhouses, a barn, an outbuilding, two bridges, and a milestone.

Collingham, West Yorkshire
Collingham is a village and civil parish 2 miles (3 km) south-west of Wetherby in West Yorkshire, England. It is in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 2,991.

It sits in the Harewood ward of Leeds City Council and Wetherby and Easingwold parliamentary constituency.

The River Wharfe runs through the village towards Wetherby, as does the main A58 trans-Pennine road. The A659 passes through the village.  The River Wharfe is dangerous at Collingham due to undercurrents, which are prevalent around Linton Bridge and the former viaduct. Collingham Beck burst its banks in 2007, causing extensive flooding.

The village public house, known as Cromwells, is said to be where Oliver Cromwell spent the night after the Battle of Marston Moor. The clergyman, the Reverend William Mompesson was born there in 1639.
Sidi Boumediene Mosque
The Sidi Boumediene Mosque (Arabic: مسجد شعيب أبو مدين) is a Sunni mosque and associated religious complex located in Tlemcen, Algeria. The complex comprises a mosque, madrasa and mausoleum dedicated to the influential Sufi saint Abu Madyan. Abu Madyan was hailed from Seville and contributed greatly to the spread of tasawwuf in the Maghreb region.

Tlemcen
Tlemcen (/tlɛmˈsɛn/; Arabic: تِلِمْسَان, romanized: Tilimsān) is the second-largest city in northwestern Algeria after Oran and the capital of Tlemcen Province. The city has developed leather, carpet, and textile industries, which it exports through the port of Rachgoun. It had a population of 140,158, as of the 2008 census.

A major centre of the Central Maghreb, the city is a mix of Arab, Berber, Andalusi, Ottoman, and Western influences. From this mosaic of influences, the city derives the title of capital of Andalusian art in Algeria. Various titles are attributed to the city including "the Pearl of the Maghreb", "the African Granada" and "the Medina of the West".
Castle Air Force Base
Castle Air Force Base (Castle AFB, 1941–1995) is a former United States Air Force Strategic Air Command base in California, northeast of Atwater, northwest of Merced, and about 115 miles (185 km) south of Sacramento.

The Central Valley base in unincorporated Merced County was closed in 1995, pursuant to a Base Realignment and Closure Commission decision after the end of the Cold War and the disestablishment of Strategic Air Command (SAC).  It is now known as the Castle Airport Aviation and Development Center.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
"A" Device
The "A" Device is a miniature bronze 1⁄4 inch letter "A" which comes with and without serifs, that is authorized for wear by the United States Armed Forces as a medal and ribbon device for two military awards. It is added to overseas service ribbons to indicate the theatre of action.

The Arctic "A" Device (with serifs), if authorized, may be attached to the center of the Air Force Overseas Ribbon - Short Tour, for service beginning February 10, 2002. If an oak leaf cluster is also authorized for wear on the ribbon, the "A" device is worn to the wearer's right of any oak leaf clusters on the ribbon.

The Atlantic "A" Device (without serifs), if authorized, may be attached to the center of the suspension and service ribbon of the American Defense Service Medal for service from June 22 to December 7, 1941. The "A" device is worn in lieu of any authorized 3⁄16 inch bronze star that is worn on the medal and service ribbon.

American Defense Service Medal
The American Defense Service Medal was a military award of the United States Armed Forces, established by Executive Order 8808, by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, on June 28, 1941. The medal was intended to recognize those military service members who had served on active duty between September 8, 1939, and December 7, 1941.

A similar medal, known as the American Campaign Medal, was established in 1942, for service in the American Theater during the World War II era.
Medini Rai
Medini Rai was a feudal chief under the Kingdom of Mewar during the reign of Rana Sanga. Rai ruled much of the Malwa region under the lordship of the Rana, who helped him in defeating the Sultan of Malwa, Mahmud Khilji II, and conquering Malwa. Chanderi was the capital of Medini Rai.

Chanderi
Chanderi, is a town of historical importance in Ashoknagar District of the state Madhya Pradesh in India. It is situated at a distance of 127 km from Shivpuri, 38 km from Lalitpur, 57 km from Ashok Nagar, 348 km from Jhansi and 46 km from Isagarh.  It is surrounded by hills southwest of the Betwa River. Chanderi is surrounded by hills, lakes and forests and is spotted with monuments of the Malwa Sultanate and the Bundela Rajputs. It is also famous for ancient Jain Temples.
Its population in 2011 was 33,190.
Detention (Taiwanese TV series)
Detention (Chinese: 返校; pinyin: Fǎnxiào) is a Taiwanese supernatural horror drama television series, created for Netflix in collaboration with Public Television Service, based on the video game of the same name developed by Red Candle Games. It premiered on 5 December 2020.

Red Candle Games
Red Candle Games Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 赤燭股份有限公司) is a Taiwanese independent video game development studio based in Taipei, Taiwan. The studio is most known for developing Detention (2017), Devotion (2019), and Nine Sols (2024).
The Mayor of Zalamea (1920 film)
The Mayor of Zalamea (German: Der Richter von Zalamea) is a 1920 German silent drama film directed by Ludwig Berger and starring Lil Dagover, Albert Steinrück and Agnes Straub. The film was based on Pedro Calderón de la Barca's historic Spanish play of the same name. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin with sets designed by the art director Hermann Warm. It was Berger's debut as a director and screenwriter.

The Mayor of Zalamea
The Mayor of Zalamea (Spanish: El Alcalde de Zalamea) is a play written by Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600–1681) during the Golden Age of Spanish drama. It was probably written in 1636. It is likely the play had its premiere on May 12, 1636 in the court of Philip IV of Spain. It pays homage to a play by the same name by Lope de Vega, which it surpassed in fame through its superior character development, becoming one of the most well-known plays of its time. This play has three acts that explore the power of the self-made man against the political authorities of 17th century Spanish society, and the continuous struggle between corporate and individual honor. The play was first staged on Broadway in 1945 at the Majestic Theatre with a cast led by Herbert Berghof under the direction of James Light.
National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies
The National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies, (NIPSS), Kuru is a policy formation center for bureaucrats, private sector leaders, military officers, and medium- and senior-ranking civil servants. It is also regarded as a think tank for policy-making in Nigeria. NIPSS was established in 1979. Its first Director General was Major General Ogundeko. The current Director General is Professor Ayo Omotayo. Notable graduates of the NIPSS are General Ibrahim Babangida the former Nigerian Head of State, and Nuhu Ribadu, famed former anti-corruption czar who is also the current National Security Adviser to President Tinubu, and former head of the SSS, Ita Ekpeyong.

Ayo Omotayo
Ayo Omotayo listenⓘis a Professor of Environmental Sustainability and the Director General of the National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies.

He is an academic, serial entrepreneur, writer and published author. He contributes to the societal affairs of Nigeria through his writings on the environment, politics, ethics, policies towards sustainable national development.
Pickering Town F.C.
Pickering Town Football Club is an English football club based in Pickering, North Yorkshire. The club was founded in 1888 and are currently members of the Northern Counties East League Premier Division.

Denny Ingram
Stuart Denevan Ingram (born 27 June 1976) is an English football player and coach. He previously played in the Football League with Hartlepool United as well as spells in the Conference National with Scarborough, Halifax Town, Forest Green Rovers and Northwich Victoria.
Nogarole Rocca
Nogarole Rocca is a comune (municipality) in the province of Verona, in the Italian region of Veneto, located about 110 kilometres (68 mi) west of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Verona. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,088 and an area of 29.2 square kilometres (11.3 sq mi).

The municipality of Nogarole Rocca contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Pradelle and Bagnolo.

Nogarole Rocca borders the following municipalities: Mozzecane, Povegliano Veronese, Roverbella, Trevenzuolo, and Vigasio.

Roverbella
Roverbella (Upper Mantovano: Roarbèla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Mantua in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) east of Milan and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) north of Mantua.

Roverbella borders the following municipalities: Castelbelforte, Marmirolo, Mozzecane, Nogarole Rocca, Porto Mantovano, San Giorgio di Mantova, Trevenzuolo, Valeggio sul Mincio.
Silvestre Luís Scandián
Silvestre Luís Scandián (31 December 1931 –  16 February 2019) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishop.

Scandián was born in Brazil and was ordained to the priesthood in 1958. He served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Araçuaí, Brazil, from 1975 to 1981. He then served as coadjutor archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vitória, Brazil, from 1981 to 1984 and was archbishop of the archdiocese from 1984 to 2004.

Diocese of Araçuaí
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Araçuaí (Latin: Dioecesis Arassuahyensis) is a diocese located in the city of Araçuaí in the ecclesiastical province of Diamantina in Brazil. The mother church is the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Araçuaí. As of 2025, the bishop of Araçuaí is Geraldo dos Reis Maia.
Aldenham Reservoir
Aldenham Reservoir is situated in the parish of Elstree and Borehamwood in Hertfordshire, England, about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the village of Elstree.

It is the source of the stream, Tykes Water, that runs north through Radlett.

Radlett
Radlett is a large village in Hertfordshire, England, between Elstree and St Albans on Watling Street, with a population of 10,060. It is in the council district of Hertsmere in the south of the county, and forms part of the civil parish of Aldenham. Radlett is located just inside the M25 motorway between Watford and Borehamwood.
Fond du Lac County Airport
Fond du Lac County Airport (IATA: FLD, ICAO: KFLD, FAA LID: FLD) is a county-owned public-use airport located 1 mile (2 km) west of the central business district of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2025–2029, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility. The airport is home to EAA chapter 572.

Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac (/ˈfɒndəlæk/ ⓘ) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is at the southern end of Lake Winnebago and had a population of 44,678 at the 2020 census. The city forms the core of the Fond du Lac metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Fond du Lac County and had 104,154 residents in 2020.
Conrad Graf
Conrad Graf (17 November 1782 in Riedlingen, Further Austria – 18 March 1851 in Vienna) was an Austrian-German fortepiano maker. His pianos were used by Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Liszt, Mendelssohn, and Robert and Clara Schumann, among others.

Piano pedals
Piano pedals are foot-operated levers at the base of a piano that change the instrument's sound in various ways. Modern pianos usually have three pedals: from left to right, the soft pedal (or una corda), the sostenuto pedal, and the sustaining pedal (or damper pedal). Some pianos omit the sostenuto pedal, or have a middle pedal with a different purpose, such as a muting function, also known as the silent piano.

The development of the piano's pedals is an evolution that began in the very earliest days of the piano and continued through the late 19th century. Throughout the years, the piano had as few as one modifying stop, and as many as six or more, before finally arriving at its current configuration of three.
Ilchan Achmet
Ilchan Achmet (Greek: Αχμέτ Ιλχάν, romanized: Achmét Ilchán, also spelt as İlhan Ahmet, born 2 April 1968, in Komotini, Greece) is a Greek politician of Turkish origin.

He studied law  at the Istanbul University  and  graduated  in 1993.  In 2000-2001  he  served  as secretary general of the Western Thrace Minority University Graduates Association, and was a member of the Rhodope prefectural council. He was  elected MP of Rhodope in the 2004 legislative elections for the conservative New Democracy. In the elections of 2007 and 2009 he failed to be elected, but was re-elected to the Greek Parliament in the September 2015 elections for the social-liberal party To Potami.

Since 1999 he has worked as a lawyer in Komotini. He is married to teacher Belgin Hakkı and has two children.

The River (Greece)
The River (Greek: Το Ποτάμι, romanized: To Potami, IPA: [to poˈtami]) was a centrist and social-liberal political party in Greece. The party was founded in February 2014 by Stavros Theodorakis. The party did not run in the 2019 elections and had no seats in the Hellenic Parliament.
Mont-Alexandre
Mont-Alexandre is an unorganized territory in the Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine region of Quebec, Canada.

The eponymous Mount Alexandre is located in the territory 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Percé. This 760 metres (2,490 ft) peak was named after an Indian trapper, Alexander, who visited the area in the first half of the 19th century.

The Grande-Rivière Ecological Reserve (French: Réserve écologique de la Grande-Rivière) and the Zec de la Grande-Rivière are within this territory.

Zec de la Grande-Rivière
The Zec de la Grande-Rivière is a zone d'exploitation contrôlée (controlled harvesting zone or ZEC) in the unorganized territory of Mont-Alexandre, in Le Rocher-Percé Regional County Municipality, in administrative region of Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, Canada. The economy of the territory of the ZEC is based primarily on fishing.
2nd Battalion, 6th Marines
2nd Battalion, 6th Marines (2/6) is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Also known as "The Ready Battalion" or "2/6 Spartans", it consists of approximately 800 Marines and Sailors and falls under the command of the 6th Marine Regiment and the 2nd Marine Division.

Leon Uris
Leon Marcus Uris (August 3, 1924 – June 21, 2003) was an American author of historical fiction who wrote many bestselling books, including Exodus (published in 1958) and Trinity (published in 1976).

Uris was a co-founder of the Writers and Artists for Peace in the Middle East, a pro-Israel group.
Whip Wilson
Whip Wilson (born Roland Charles Meyers, June 16, 1911 – October 22, 1964) was an American cowboy film star of the late 1940s and into the 1950s, known for his roles in B-movie Westerns.

He was one of eight children. Wilson had been a moderately successful singer before coming to Hollywood. Following Buck Jones's death in the famous Cocoanut Grove fire of 1942, which claimed the lives of 492 people, Monogram Pictures had been searching for someone to replace him. Producer Scott R. Dunlap saw Meyers, and thought he looked similar to Jones. Apparently, this was enough to build him into a cowboy star. Because of the fame being generated by Lash LaRue, who used a bullwhip in his films, Monogram decided to make Meyers a similar whip-wielding character, renaming him Whip Wilson.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Janet Leach (appropriate adult)
Janet Leach is an English social worker, known for the role she played as an appropriate adult in the questioning of Fred West, one of the two perpetrators of the Gloucester serial murders. For these murders, he and his wife Rose West, against whom Leach testified at trial, became notorious.

The murders—first committed by Fred before he met Rose and then by the two of them as co-conspirators—included the kidnapping, rape, torture, and murder of various young women, including their own children and stepchildren. Fred killed himself in his cell while on remand on New Year's Day 1995. Rose was convicted and became one of four women in Britain to be given a whole life tariff, the others being Myra Hindley, Joanna Dennehy and Lucy Letby.

Appropriate adult
In English law, an appropriate adult is a parent, guardian or social worker; or if no person matching this is available, any responsible person over 18. The term was introduced as part of the policing reforms in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 and applies in England and Wales.

In England and Wales, an appropriate adult must be called by police whenever they detain or interview a child (under the age of 18) or vulnerable adult. They must be present for a range of police processes, including interviews, intimate searches and identification procedures, as detailed in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) Codes of Practice, primarily Code C.