hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bajo Aragón-Caspe
Bajo Aragón-Caspe (Spanish: [ˈbaxo aɾaˈɣoŋ ˈkaspe]) or Baix Aragó-Casp (Catalan: [ˈbaʒ aɾaˈɣo ˈkasp]) is a comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Community of Catalonia.

It borders the Aragonese comarques of Matarranya, Monegros, Bajo Cinca, Bajo Martín and Ribera Baja del Ebro, and the Catalan comarques of Terra Alta, Baix Ebre, and Ribera d'Ebre.

This comarca is named after the town of Caspe, its capital. Its main income is derived from the production of olive oil.

Bajo Martín
Bajo Martín is a comarca in Aragon. It is part of the historical region of Lower Aragon. It is located in Teruel Province, in the transitional area between the Iberian System and the Ebro Valley.

It borders the Aragonese comarcas of Ribera Baja del Ebro, Campo de Belchite, Cuencas Mineras, Andorra-Sierra de Arcos, Bajo Aragón and Bajo Aragón-Caspe.

The Bajo Martín is named after the Martín River, a right-side tributary of the Ebro that flows across the comarca.
View of the Pic du Midi d'Ossau in the Pyrenees
View of the Pic du Midi d'Ossau in the Pyrenees is an 1854 landscape painting by the British artist Clarkson Stanfield. It depicts a view of the Pic du Midi d'Ossau in the Pyrenees. In the foreground are a group of brigands who are completely dominated by the scale of the mountain behind them.

Stanfield, who had first made his name as a scenic designer at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, was one of the leading British romantic painters, known for his seascapes in particular. A friend of Turner and Charles Dickens, he was by this point a veteran British artist. He displayed the picture at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1854 at the National Gallery in London. Acquired by the art collector Thomas Holloway for 2,550 guineas in 1881, the painting now belongs to Royal Holloway and hangs in its campus in Surrey.

Clarkson Frederick Stanfield
Clarkson Frederick Stanfield RA RBA (3 December 1793 – 18 May 1867) was an English painter best known for his large-scale paintings of marine art and landscapes. He was the father of the painter George Clarkson Stanfield and the composer Francis Stanfield.
Kohlwurst
Kohlwurst, Lungenwurst or Lungwurst is a simple, fresh, strongly smoked sausage (Rohwurst) made of lights (lungs), pork and fat, which is mostly eaten cooked with kale (cabbage) dishes, such as Knieperkohl. (The word "Kohl" in German refers not only to kale, but to vegetables in the cabbage family; the sausage does not contain these vegetables but they are commonly served with it.)

It is mainly used in Northeast and Northwest German and Silesian cuisine, as well as in southwestern parts of Denmark, where it is called "kålpølse" (kale sausage).

Comparable sausage types are Bregenwurst and Pinkel.

Knieperkohl
Knieperkohl is a pickled cabbage dish similar to sauerkraut. It contains not only white cabbage but also collard greens (or leaves of red cabbage) and kale, as well as grape leaf and cherry leaf. Knieperkohl is considered a representative dish of the historical region of Prignitz, now part of Brandenburg in Germany.

Knieperkohl is commonly served as an accompaniment to cured pork, such as Kassler, or sausages. Kohlwurst is a type of German sausage generally eaten with Knieperkohl. Potatoes are another typical accompaniment.
Georg Wollmann
Georg Wollmann (born 1861) was a German trade union leader.

Wollmann became a ceramic worker and joined the Union of Porcelain and Related Workers of Germany.  In 1893, he was elected as president of the union.  From 1913, he additionally served as general secretary of the International Federation of Pottery Workers.  In 1926, he merged the union into the Factory Workers' Union of Germany, and became a leading figure in its Ceramic Federation.

Union of Porcelain and Related Workers of Germany
The Union of Porcelain and Related Workers of Germany (German: Verband der Porzellan- und verwandten Arbeiter und Arbeiterinnen Deutschlands) was a trade union representing workers in the ceramic industry in Germany.

The union was founded in 1892, and it affiliated to the General Commission of German Trade Unions.  The following year, Georg Wollmann was elected as its president.  The union journal, Die Ameise, was edited by Fritz Zietsch, who led the formation of the International Federation of Pottery Workers, the union hosting its headquarters until 1920.

In 1919, the union was a founding constituent of the General German Trade Union Confederation, and by 1920, it had 55,547 members.  In 1926, it merged into the Factory Workers' Union of Germany.
Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea
The Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea was a federation between the former Italian colony of Eritrea and the Ethiopian Empire between 1952 and 1962. It was established as a result of the renunciation of Italy’s rights and titles to territorial possessions in Africa, inclusive of all its established territories or colonies made effective by the Treaty of Paris of 1947.: 375–383  The fate of Eritrea was contingent on numerous political, social, and economic ideals of Eritreans that ranged from leftists favoring independence, conservatives favoring Ethiopian crown rule, and Eritreans who favored a political union of the two sides of the spectrum. In an attempt to provide Eritrea with ultimate autonomy under an Eritrean curated constitution and governmental elections, UN Resolution 390 (A) was devised to implement such welfare to the individuals it was to be imposed upon.

Italian Eritrea
Italian Eritrea (Italian: Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea. The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in 1869, which came under government control in 1882. Occupation of Massawa in 1885 and the subsequent expansion of territory would gradually engulf the region and in 1889 the Ethiopian Empire recognized the Italian possession in the Treaty of Wuchale. In 1890 the Colony of Eritrea was officially founded.

In 1936 the region was integrated into Italian East Africa as the Eritrea Governorate. This would last until Italy's loss of the region in 1941, during the East African campaign of World War II. Italian Eritrea then came under British military administration, which in 1951 fell under United Nations supervision. In September 1952 it became an autonomous part of Ethiopia, until its independence in 1991.
Radical 85
Radical 85 or radical water (水部) meaning "water" is a Kangxi radical; one of 35 of the 214 that are composed of 4 strokes. Its left-hand form, 氵, is closely related to Radical 15, 冫 bīng (also known as 两点水 liǎngdiǎnshuǐ), meaning "ice", from which it differs by the addition of just one stroke.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 1,595 characters (out of 40,000) to be found under this radical.

水 is also the 77th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with 氵 and 氺 being its associated indexing component.

In the Chinese wuxing ("Five Phases"), 水 represents the element Water. In Taoist cosmology, 水 (Water) is the nature component of the bagua diagram 坎 kǎn.

Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components
The Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components (simplified Chinese: 汉字部首表; traditional Chinese: 漢字部首表; pinyin: hànzì bùshǒu biǎo; lit. 'Chinese character radicals table') is a lexicographic tool used to order the Chinese characters in mainland China.  The specification is also known as GF 0011-2009.

In China's normative documents, "radical" is defined as any component or 偏旁 piānpáng of Chinese characters, while 部首 is translated as "indexing component".
Al-Tall District
al-Tall District (Arabic: منطقة التل, romanized: manṭiqat al-Tall) is a district of the Rif Dimashq Governorate in southern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of al-Tall. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 115,937. As of July 2023, the population was estimated to be 275,252, of whom 188,263 were IDPS.

Districts of Syria
The 14 governorates of Syria, or muhafazat (sing. muhafazah), are divided into 65 districts, or manatiq (sing. mintaqah), including the city of Damascus. The districts are further divided into 281 subdistricts, or nawahi (sing. nahiya). Each district bears the same name as its district capital.

Districts and subdistricts are administered by officials appointed by the governor, subject to the approval of the minister of the interior. These officials work with elected district councils to attend to assorted local needs, and serve as intermediaries between central government authority and traditional local leaders, such as village chiefs, clan leaders, and councils of elders.
Hermann Beitzke
Hermann Beitzke (21 June 1875 – 8 June 1953) was a German pathologist born in Tecklenburg, Westphalia.

Beitzke studied medicine at several universities, earning his doctorate in 1899 from the University of Kiel. In 1900-01 he was an assistant at the institute of hygiene in Halle an der Saale, and afterwards worked at the pathology institutes in Göttingen and Berlin. In 1911 he became a professor at the University of Lausanne, and in 1922 relocated to the University of Graz, where he taught classes until 1941.

He specialized in pathological investigations of infectious diseases, in particular tuberculosis studies. He was co-editor of Ergebnisse der gesamten Tuberkuloseforschung, a journal involving tuberculosis research.

Tecklenburg
Tecklenburg (German: [ˈtɛklənˌbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Steinfurt, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Its name comes from the ruined castle around which it was built. The town is situated on the Hermannsweg hiking trail.

The coat of arms shows an anchor and three seeblatts.
First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia
The First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, or Russian Orthodox Church Abroad, is the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, a semi-autonomous Church under the Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate).

The position of First Hierarch is currently occupied by Nicholas (Olhovsky). The see of the First Hierarch is currently the Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Eastern America and New York.

Nicholas Olhovsky
Metropolitan Nicholas (born Nikolay Alexandrovich Olhovsky, 17 December 1974) is the First Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia and Metropolitan of Eastern America and New York since 14 September 2022.
North of Bourbon
North of Bourbon is a restaurant and bourbon bar in Louisville, Kentucky, in the Germantown neighborhood, opened in late 2021. It was included in The New York Times's 2024 list of the 50 best restaurants in the United States.

Germantown, Louisville
Germantown is a neighborhood three miles southeast of downtown Louisville, Kentucky, USA. Germantown is also a general term for an area of Louisville from the Original Highlands to St Joseph and Bradley neighborhoods that were predominantly settled by Germans. The actual neighborhood is roughly bounded by Barrett Ave, Eastern Parkway, Goss Ave, and the South Fork of Beargrass Creek.
Mark Montefiore
Mark Montefiore is a Canadian film and television producer, most noted as the founder and president of New Metric Media.

Originally from St. Catharines, Ontario, he studied in the broadcasting program at Niagara College; initially his goal was to become an actor, but through the program he discovered a passion and skill for production. He worked principally as a film producer for the first decade of his career, most notably on The Armoire and Cas and Dylan. He was a partner with Vivieno Caldinelli in the shortlived Polenta Productions studio in the 2000s.

He launched New Metric Media in 2013 to produce television series. The company's productions have included Letterkenny, What Would Sal Do?, Bad Blood, Children Ruin Everything, Shoresy, and Bria Mack Gets a Life.

Vivieno Caldinelli
Vivieno Caldinelli is a Canadian film and television director from Hamilton, Ontario. He is most noted for his work as a director of Baroness von Sketch Show, for which he won both the Directors Guild of Canada award for Outstanding Direction in a Comedy Series and the Canadian Screen Award for Best Direction in a Variety or Sketch Comedy Program or Series.

His debut feature film, Seven Stages to Achieve Eternal Bliss, was released in 2018. He followed up in 2024 with Scared Shitless, which was second runner-up for the Audience Award for Best Canadian Feature at the 28th Fantasia International Film Festival.

He was formerly a partner with Mark Montefiore in Polenta Productions. His other television credits have included Picnicface, This Hour Has 22 Minutes, Hotbox, HumanTown and Bruno & Boots.

He was also a performer in Hotbox, a sketch comedy series.
Piaya (food)
A piaya (Hiligaynon: piyaya, pronounced [piˈjaja]; Spanish: piaya, pronounced [ˈpjaʝa]; Hokkien Chinese: 餅仔; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piáⁿ-iá) is a muscovado-filled unleavened flatbread from the Philippines especially common in Negros Occidental where it is a popular delicacy. It is made by filling dough with a mixture of muscovado and water. The filled dough is then flattened with a rolling pin, sprinkled with sesame seeds and baked on a griddle. Piaya is best eaten warm.

Flatbread
A flatbread is bread made usually with flour; water, milk, yogurt, or other liquid; and salt, and then thoroughly rolled into flattened dough. Many flatbreads are unleavened, although some are leavened, such as pita.

Flatbreads range from below one millimeter to a few centimeters thick so that they can be easily eaten without being sliced. They can be baked in an oven, fried in hot oil, grilled over hot coals, cooked on a hot pan, tava, comal, or metal griddle, and eaten fresh or packaged and frozen for later use.
ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album
The ARIA Music Award for Best Jazz Album is an award presented within the Fine Arts Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards.

The award for Best Jazz Album was first presented in 1987, when George Golla Orchestra, received a trophy for their album, Lush Life (1987). Paul Grabowsky has won the award seven times in various guises (leader of the Paul Grabowsky Trio, Paul Grabowsky Sextet, duet with Vince Jones, duet with Katie Noonan, duet with Kate Ceberano and as a member of Wizards Of Oz).

Wizards of Oz
Wizards of Oz were a briefly existing Australian jazz quartet from the late 1980s. The members were Dale Barlow on tenor saxophone, Paul Grabowsky on piano and the Necks' band mates Lloyd Swanton on bass and Tony Buck on drums. They released one album, Soundtrack (1988), which won the 1989 ARIA Award for Best Jazz Album. In 2017 Mal Stanley of Jazztrack on ABC Jazz described it as "a standout album in the Australian Jazz pantheon, and it inspired many young local players at the time of its release."
Allegheny Baptist Church
Allegheny Baptist Church, known since 1890 as the Free Methodist Church of Pleasantville, is a historic Baptist church located at Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1847 and 1849, and is a one-story, frame building, three bays by four bays, with a square tower. It features a wide, recessed front entrance. The tower includes a bell tower that rises 22 feet (6.7 m) above the roof.

The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Pleasantville, Venango County, Pennsylvania
Pleasantville is a borough in Venango County, Pennsylvania,  United States. The population was 841 at the 2020 census, and 892 in 2010.  It was an early oil 'boom town', and the population jumped from 291 to 1,598 between 1860 and 1870. But the boom soon passed, and the population shrank to 855 by 1880, and has remained fairly stable since then.
The Bone Palace
The Bone Palace by Amanda Downum is a 2010 American fantasy novel centered on the fictional city of death, Erisin. It tells the story of the royal necromancer, Issylt Iskaldur and the princess mistress, Savedra Severos. These characters represent a strong sense of sexual identity that break the normalcy of typical castes. Critics praise the novel for its unique perspective on relevant subjects in the world today. It was nominated for the James Tiptree Jr. Memorial Award in 2010 and the Spectrum Award for Best Novel in 2011.

Amanda Downum
Amanda Downum is an American fantasy author best known for her Necromancer Chronicles trilogy: The Drowning City (2009), The Bone Palace (2010), and Kingdoms of Dust (2012). For these novels, which explore of LGBT topics and characters, she was nominated for the Gaylactic Spectrum Award, David Gemmell Award, and James Tiptree, Jr. Award.  Downum’s books consist of themes relating to identity, gender roles and sexuality, death, secrets and social stratification.
Pilcaya (municipality)
Pilcaya  is a municipality in the Mexican state of Guerrero. The municipal seat lies at Pilcaya. The municipality covers an area of 62.1 km2.

Pilcaya is located 153 kilometers from Mexico City, 105 from Cuernavaca, 84 from Toluca, 68 from Taxco and 5 from Ixtapan de la Sal. Pilcaya, of Náhuatl origin, is from the Náhuatl word pilcacyan, place of a hanging object.

Pilcaya
Pilcaya is a town and municipal seat of the  municipality of Pilcaya in the Mexican state of Guerrero. It is located 153 kilometres (95 mi) from Mexico City, 105 kilometres (65 mi) from Cuernavaca, 84 kilometres (52 mi) from Toluca, 68 kilometres (42 mi) from Taxco and 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Ixtapan de la Sal. The name "Pilcaya" is from the Nahuatl word pilcacyan, place of a hanging object.
Westminster Medical Society
The Westminster Medical Society was a London medical discussion group in existence from 1809 to 1850–1, when it merged into the Medical Society of London.

Its founders were Benjamin Brodie and Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke, Baronet. Initially the Society absorbed the membership of the dormant Lyceum Medicum Londinense, founded in 1785 but inactive from about 1805.

Its Presidents included Augustus Bozzi Granville in 1829, when the profile of the Society was high during discussion of gestation period in the Gardner peerage case, in 1846 Henry Hancock, and William Dingle Chowne who worked for the union with the Medical Society of London. John Snow of Westminster Hospital attributed the development of his career to his association with the Society.

John Snow
John Snow (15 March 1813 – 16 June 1858) was an English physician and a leader in the development of anaesthesia and medical hygiene. He is considered one of the founders of modern epidemiology and early germ theory, in part because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in London's Soho, which he identified as a particular public water pump.  Snow's findings inspired fundamental changes in the water and waste systems of London, which led to similar changes in other cities, and a significant improvement in general public health around the world.
Jerrod Bettis
Jerrod Bettis, also known as SKINS, is an American music producer, composer, and musician. Bettis has composed songs for Adele, the Lonely Island, Melissa Etheridge, KJ-52, and  Serena Ryder. He has also produced work for artists including Hilary Duff, Gavin DeGraw, Needtobreathe, Birdy, Etheridge, and the Lonely Island.

Bettis has been nominated for an Emmy Award in 2011 for his work on The Lonely Island's "I Just Had Sex". He was the original drummer for pop-rock band OneRepublic from 2002 until his departure in 2005. He was replaced by Eddie Fisher.

Serena Ryder
Serena Lauren Ryder (born December 8, 1982) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. Born in Toronto, she grew up in Millbrook, Ontario. Ryder first gained national recognition with her ballad "Weak in the Knees" in 2007 and has released eight studio albums.
Black Sea Biosphere Reserve
The Black Sea Biosphere Reserve (Ukrainian: Чорноморський біосферний заповідник) is a biosphere reserve of Ukraine that is located at littoral zone of the northern Black Sea coast covering regions of the Kherson and Mykolaiv Oblasts and including Gulf of Tendra and Yahorlyk Bay. The reserve is part of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Миколаївська область, romanized: Mykolaivska oblast, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (Ukrainian: Миколаївщина, IPA: [mɪkoˈlɑjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Mykolaiv. At the most recent estimate, the population of the oblast stood at 1,091,821 (2022 estimate).
Elena Khrustaleva
Elena Vladimirovna Khrustaleva (Russian: Елена Владимировна Хрусталёва) (born 28 September 1980, in Krasnoyarsk) is a former Russian (until 2001, and since 2002 till 2006), Belarusian (since 2001 till 2002), and Kazakhstani (since 2006) biathlete. She won a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. This was Kazakhstan's 6th medal at the Winter Olympic Games and 45th overall Olympic medal. It is also both Kazakhstan's and Asia's only Olympic medal in biathlon.

Krasnoyarsk
Krasnoyarsk is the largest city and administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is situated along the Yenisey River, and is the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk, with a population of over 1.1 million. Krasnoyarsk is an important junction of the renowned Trans-Siberian Railway, and is one of the largest producers of aluminum in the country. The city is known for its natural landscape; author Anton Chekhov judged Krasnoyarsk to be the most beautiful city in Siberia. The Stolby Nature Sanctuary is located 10 km south of the city. Krasnoyarsk is a major educational centre in Siberia, and hosts the Siberian Federal University. In 2019, Krasnoyarsk was the host city of the 2019 Winter Universiade, the third hosted in Russia.
The Rebel (1932 film)
The Rebel (German: Der Rebell) is a 1932 German historical drama film directed by Curtis Bernhardt, Edwin H. Knopf, and Luis Trenker and starring Trenker, Luise Ullrich, and Victor Varconi. The film's art direction was by Fritz Maurischat. A separate English language version, The Rebel, was released the following year. The film is part of the mountain film genre.

Trenker stated that the film's plotline of a Tyrolean mountaineer, Severin Anderlan, leading a revolt against occupying French forces in 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars. Andreas Hofer, the noted Tirolean patriot, was a proto-type of "Severin Anderlan" (both died in the same year). Trenker was designed to mirror what was happening in contemporary Germany, as it rejected the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1933 Luis Trenker's novel Der Rebell. Ein Freiheitsroman aus den Bergen Tirols was published.

Trenker later made a second film about the Tyrolean Rebellion The Fire Devil in 1940.

Fritz Maurischat
Fritz Maurischat (April 27, 1893 in Berlin – December 11, 1986) was a German production designer. He made his film debut in 1924. Over the next 38 years, he worked on over 70 films, all of them in his native Germany.

He earned an Oscar nomination in 1953 for his work on the film Martin Luther, an American film about Martin Luther made in Germany. He is also noted as the Art Director for the 1943 Nazi propaganda film Titanic.
Rogatec
Rogatec (pronounced [ɾɔˈɡaːtəts]; German: Rohitsch) is a small town in eastern Slovenia, on the border with Croatia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Rogatec. The area traditionally belonged to the region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Rogatec
The Municipality of Rogatec (pronounced [ɾɔˈɡaːtəts]; Slovene: Občina Rogatec) is a municipality in eastern Slovenia, on the border with Croatia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Rogatec. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. The municipality was established in its current form on 3 October 1994, when the former larger Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah was subdivided into the municipalities of Kozje, Podčetrtek, Rogaška Slatina, Rogatec, and Šmarje pri Jelšah.