hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
X-class submarine
The X class was a World War II midget submarine class built for the Royal Navy during 1943–44. It was substantially larger than the original Chariot manned torpedo.

Known individually as X-Craft, the vessels were designed to be towed to their intended area of operations by a full-size "mother" submarine – usually one of the T class or S class – with a passage crew on board, the operational crew being transferred from the towing submarine to the X-Craft by dinghy when the operational area was reached, and the passage crew returning with the dinghy to the towing submarine. Once the attack was over, the X-Craft would rendezvous with the towing submarine and then be towed home.

Range was limited primarily by the endurance and determination of their crews, but was thought to be up to 14 days in the craft or 1,000 nmi (1,900 km), after suitable training. Actual range of the X-Craft itself was 600 nmi (1,100 km) surfaced and 80 nmi (150 km) at 2 knots (3.7 km/h) submerged.

Godfrey Place
Rear-Admiral Basil Charles Godfrey Place, VC, CB, CVO, DSC (19 July 1921 – 27 December 1994) was an officer in the Royal Navy and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Zopherus nodulosus
Zopherus nodulosus is a species of ironclad beetle in the family Zopheridae. It is found in Central America and North America.

The species name nodulosus refers to the bumps or nodes on the beetle's back.

Zopherinae
Zopherinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as ironclad beetles. Together with the subfamily Usechinae, they have been treated historically as a family, but have recently been joined by several additional taxa, making the Zopheridae a much larger composite family, and the Zopherinae are now only a small component within it, consisting of seven genera in the tribe Zopherini and one, Phellopsis in its own tribe (Phellopsini).

These beetles are apparently fungivores and associated with rotting wood, and as the common name implies, have one of the hardest of all arthropod exoskeletons; in some species, it is almost impossible to drive an insect pin through their bodies without using a small drill to make a hole first.

When disturbed, ironclad beetles play dead.

Some species in the genus Zopherus in Mexico are decorated with costume jewelry glued to their bodies, and sold as living brooches, known as ma'kech.
Wuling (mountain pass)
Wuling (Chinese: 武嶺; pinyin: Wǔlǐng, el 3275 m), formerly known as Sakuma Pass (佐久間峠, Sakuma-tōge), is a mountain pass located in Ren'ai, Nantou, Taiwan, transversing the Central Mountain Range near the peak of Hehuanshan within Taroko National Park.  It is the highest paved road in elevation in Taiwan.

Hehuanshan
Mount Hehuan (Chinese: 合歡山; pinyin: Héhuān Shān; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ha̍p-hoan-soaⁿ; also called Joy Mountain) is a 3,416-metre-high (11,207 ft) mountain in Central Taiwan. The peak lies on the border of Nantou and Hualien counties and is located within the far west of Taroko National Park. Hehuanshan is a popular destination in central Taiwan as the trail to the summit is wide, paved, and gradual, and only takes around 1.5 hours round-trip yet offers 360 degree views above the surroundings. The 3,421-metre east peak and 3,422-metre north peak of Hehuanshan are both higher than the main peak.

Mount Hehuan is part of the Central Mountain Range.
Gates River
The Gates River is a short river in the Lillooet Country of the Southern Interior of British Columbia, Canada.  Approximately 14.5 km in length, it flows generally northeast from the outlet of Birken Lake (aka Gates Lake or Summit Lake) to its mouth at the head of Anderson Lake.  Its main tributaries are Haylmore Creek, from the southeast, and Blackwater Creek, from the northwest, which originates near the head of Birkenhead Lake.  Augmented by the waters of McGillivray Creek, Lost Valley Creek and others, its flow becomes the Seton River from the foot of Anderson Lake onwards.

The communities of the river's valley are known collectively as the Gates Valley and include Birken, Gates, Devine and D'Arcy (also known by its St'at'imcets language name Nequatque).  The valley was part of the route of the Douglas Road and is the eastern half of the section of that route known as the Long Portage or Pemberton Pass.

Douglas Road
The Douglas Road, a.k.a. the Lillooet Trail, Harrison Trail or Lakes Route, was a gold rush–era transportation route from the British Columbia Coast to the Interior (NB another route known as the Lillooet Trail was the Lillooet Cattle Trail, which used some of the same route but was built 25 years later).  Over 30,000 men are reckoned to have travelled the route in, although by the end of the 1860s it was virtually abandoned due to the construction of the Cariboo Wagon Road, which bypassed the region.
Garrett AiResearch
Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch. In 1964, Garrett AiResearch merged with Signal Oil & Gas, to form a company renamed in 1968 to Signal Companies. In 1985, it merged with Allied Corporation, forming AlliedSignal. In 1999 AlliedSignal acquired Honeywell and adopted the Honeywell name.

Air data computer
An air data computer (ADC) or central air data computer (CADC) computes critical real-time flight data. It is an essential avionics component found in modern aircraft. This computer, rather than individual instruments, can determine the calibrated airspeed, Mach number, altitude, and altitude trend data from pressure and temperature inputs from an aircraft's pitot-static system. In some very high-speed aircraft such as the Space Shuttle, equivalent airspeed is calculated instead of calibrated airspeed. Air data computers usually also have an input of total air temperature. This enables the computation of static air temperature and true airspeed.
Timothy J. O'Malley
Timothy James O'Malley (born December 17, 1959) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States who has been serving as an auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of Chicago in Illinois since 2025.

Archdiocese of Chicago
The Archdiocese of Chicago (Latin: Archidiœcesis Chicagiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in Northeastern Illinois, in the United States. The Vatican erected it as a diocese in 1843 and elevated it to an archdiocese in 1880. Cardinal Blase Joseph Cupich is the archbishop. The cathedral parish for the archdiocese is Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago.

The archdiocese serves over 2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake counties, an area of 1,411 square miles (3,650 km2). It is the metropolitan see of the province of Chicago.
P. Chenchiah
Pandipeddi Chenchiah (1886–1959), spelt also as Pandippedi Chenchiah, was a first generation indigenous convert to Christianity, a South Indian Christian theologian, a jurist, a radical thinker and part of the Rethinking Christianity in India group which worked for the Indianisation of Christianity. He published Rethinking Christianity in India, as an Indian Christian answer to the Hendrik Kraemer's The Christian Message in a Non-Christian World.

He and his brother-in-law Vengal Chakkarai were the founders of Madras Christo Samaj, influenced by Calcutta Christo Samaj which had been founded by K.C. Banerjee and J.G. Shome at the time that both Madras Presidency and Calcutta were British East India Company provinces - later part of British Raj.

Madras Christian College
Madras Christian College (MCC) is a liberal arts and sciences college in Chennai, India. Founded in 1837, MCC is one of Asia's oldest extant colleges. The college is affiliated to the University of Madras but functions as an autonomous institution from its main campus in Tambaram, Chennai.

It was established originally as a school for boys in the place where Anderson Church is located. From its origins as a missionary endeavor of the Church of Scotland, MCC's alumni and professors include several civil servants, administrators, educators, business people and political leaders. It was ranked 14th among colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2024.
Baltimore Polytechnic Institute
The Baltimore Polytechnic Institute, colloquially referred to as BPI, Poly, and The Institute, is a US public high school  founded in 1883. Established as an all-male manual trade / vocational high school by the Baltimore City Council and the Baltimore City Public Schools, it is now a coeducational academic institution since 1974, that emphasizes sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics ("STEM"). It is located on a 53-acre (21 ha) tract of land in North Baltimore on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream (running north to south). B.P.I. and the adjacent still all-girls population of the Western High School are located on the same huge joint campus at the northwest corner of West Cold Spring Lane and Falls Road.

Baltimore Memorial Stadium
Baltimore Memorial Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, that formerly stood on 33rd Street on an oversized block officially called Venable Park, a former city park from the 1920s. The site was bound by Ellerslie Avenue to the west, 36th Street to the north, and Ednor Road to the east.

Two stadiums were located here — a 1922 version known primarily as Baltimore Stadium or Municipal Stadium; and a rebuilt, double-deck, multi-sport stadium, completed in mid-1954, and rechristened Baltimore Memorial Stadium —  Memorial Stadium for short.
Bromus alopecuros
Bromus alopecuros is a species of brome grass known by the common name weedy brome.

It is native to the Mediterranean basin, and it is known in other places, including Australia, South Africa, and California, as an introduced species and sometimes a weed. It is an annual grass producing stems up to 80 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is a dense packet of spikelets with tangling, curved awns.

Bromus
Bromus is a large genus of grasses, classified in its own tribe Bromeae. They are commonly known as bromes, brome grasses, cheat grasses, or chess grasses. Estimates in the scientific literature of the number of species have ranged from 100 to 400, but plant taxonomists currently recognize around 160–170 species.

Bromus is part of the cool-season grass lineage (subfamily Pooideae), which includes about 3300 species.  Within Pooideae, Bromus is classified in tribe Bromeae (it is the only genus in the tribe).  Bromus is closely related to the wheat-grass lineage (tribe Triticeae) that includes such economically important genera as Triticum (wheat), Hordeum (barley) and Secale (rye).
IC3b
iC3b is a protein fragment that is part of the complement system, a component of the vertebrate immune system. iC3b is produced when complement factor I cleaves C3b. Complement receptors on white blood cells are able to bind iC3b, so iC3b functions as an opsonin. Unlike intact C3b, iC3b cannot associate with factor B, thus preventing amplification of the complement cascade through the alternative pathway. Complement factor I can further cleave iC3b into a protein fragment known as C3d.

Complement factor I
Complement factor I, also known as C3b/C4b inactivator, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CFI gene.  Complement factor I (factor I) is a protein of the complement system, first isolated in 1966 in guinea pig serum, that regulates complement activation by cleaving cell-bound or fluid phase C3b and C4b. It is a soluble glycoprotein that circulates in human blood at an average concentration of 35 μg/mL.
Platform for Internet Content Selection
The Platform for Internet Content Selection (PICS) was a specification created by W3C that used metadata to label webpages to help parents and teachers control what children and students could access on the Internet. The W3C Protocol for Web Description Resources project integrates PICS concepts with RDF. PICS was superseded by POWDER, which itself is no longer actively developed.  PICS often used content labeling from the Internet Content Rating Association, which has also been discontinued by the Family Online Safety Institute's board of directors.  An alternative self-rating system, named Voluntary Content Rating, was devised by Solid Oak Software in 2010, in response to the perceived complexity of PICS.

Internet Explorer 3 was one of the early web browsers to offer support for PICS, released in 1996.  Internet Explorer 5 added a feature called approved sites that allowed extra sites to be added to the list in addition to the PICS list when it was being used.

Internet Content Rating Association
Internet Content Rating Association (ICRA) was an international non-profit organization with offices in the United States and the United Kingdom. In October 2010, the ICRA rating system, and the organization, was discontinued.

Its mission was to help users find the content they want, to trust what they find and to filter out what they do not want for themselves or for their children. ICRA also acted as a forum through which both political and technical infrastructure are defined to help shape the way that the World Wide Web and content distribution channels work.
High Rhine
High Rhine (German: Hochrhein, pronounced [ˈhoːxˌʁaɪn] ⓘ; kilometres 0 to 167 of the Rhine) is the section of the Rhine between Lake Constance (Bodensee) and the city of Basel, flowing in a general east-to-west direction and forming mostly the Germany–Switzerland border. It is the first of four named sections of the Rhine (High Rhine, Upper Rhine, Middle Rhine, Lower Rhine) between Lake Constance and the river delta at the North Sea.

Untersee (Lake Constance)
The Untersee (German pronunciation: [ˈʊntɐzeː], lit. 'Lower Lake'), also known as Lower Lake Constance, is the smaller of the two lakes that together form Lake Constance. The boundary between Switzerland and Germany runs through it. The lake surrounds several islands, the largest being Reichenau Island.
Ivanaj
Ivanaj is a settlement in the former Kastrat Municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 789.

Kastrat (municipality)
Kastrat is a former municipality in the Shkodër County, northwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. The population at the 2011 census was 6,883.
Columbus Catholic High School (Marshfield, Wisconsin)
Columbus Catholic High School is a private, Roman Catholic high school in Marshfield, Wisconsin.  It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of La Crosse and is one of two Catholic high schools in Wood County.

In 2024 they won the Division 5 Boys Basketball State Championship, beating Abundant Life Christian School in the final while setting a state record for the number of three-pointers in a game.

Diocese of La Crosse
The Diocese of La Crosse (Latin: Dioecesis Crossensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in west-central Wisconsin in the United States. The metropolitan for the diocese is the Archdiocese of Milwaukee. The mother church is the Cathedral of Saint Joseph the Workman in La Crosse.
Abansky District
Abansky District (Russian: А́банский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the krai and borders with Boguchansky District in the north, Irkutsk Oblast in the east, Nizhneingashsky District in the southeast, Ilansky District in the south, Kansky District in the southwest, Dzerzhinsky District in the west, and with Taseyevsky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is 9,512 square kilometers (3,673 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Aban. Population: 22,577 (2010 Census); 26,783 (2002 Census); 32,501 (1989 Soviet census).

Ilansky District
Ilansky District (Russian: Ила́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the krai and borders with Abansky District in the north, Nizhneingashsky District in the east, Irbeysky District in the south, Irkutsk Oblast in the southeast, and with Kansky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,750 square kilometers (1,450 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ilansky. Population: 25,899 (2010 Census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 62.2% of the district's total population.
Gulf Coast Sports & Entertainment Network
Gulf Coast Sports & Entertainment Network (GCSEN) is a broadcast television regional sports network in the U.S. states of Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi, owned by Gray Media. The network is the broadcast home for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association.

The network launched on October 2, 2024.

Regional sports network
A regional sports network (RSN) in the United States and Canada is a television channel that presents sports programming to a local media market or geographical region. Such channels often focus on one or a few teams in Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, or the National Hockey League. Minor league sports, college sports, and high school sports may also be shown on such networks.

Some RSNs originated as premium channels. Since the 1990s, they have commonly been distributed through the expanded basic tiers of cable television and IPTV services. Direct broadcast satellite providers may require subscribers to purchase a higher programming tier or a specialized sports tier to receive local and out-of-market regional sports networks.

Due to the rise in cord cutting, some RSNs have closed in the 2020s, with teams and leagues moving some games to free-to-air (FTA) and over-the-top (OTT) television services.
2015 GoDaddy Bowl (December)
The 2015 GoDaddy Bowl was a  post-season American college football bowl game played on December 23, 2015, at Ladd–Peebles Stadium in Mobile, Alabama.  The 17th edition of the GoDaddy Bowl featured the Bowling Green Falcons of the Mid-American Conference against the Georgia Southern Eagles of the Sun Belt Conference. Kickoff was at 7:00 p.m. CST and aired on ESPN. It was one of the 2015–16 bowl games that concludes the 2015 FBS football season. The game was sponsored by Internet domain registrar and web hosting company GoDaddy.

2015 Bowling Green Falcons football team
The 2015 Bowling Green Falcons football team represented Bowling Green State University in the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Falcons played their home games at Doyt Perry Stadium. They were led by second-year head coach Dino Babers and were members of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 10–4, 7–1 in MAC play to be champions of the East Division. They represented the East Division in the MAC Championship where they defeated Northern Illinois to become MAC champions. They were invited to the GoDaddy Bowl where they lost to Georgia Southern.
Brian Rogers (fighter)
Brian Rogers (born February 15, 1984) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Light Heavyweight division. A professional competitor since 2008, Rogers formerly competed for Bellator and Strikeforce.

2012 in Bellator MMA
2012 in Bellator MMA was the sixth installment of the Bellator Fighting Championships, which began on March 9, 2012. The sixth season of Bellator was originally scheduled to begin on March 2, 2012.  However, the debut was pushed back a week so it began with the show on March 9, 2012.

Mixed martial arts tournaments were held in five weight classes, including the bantamweight, featherweight, lightweight, welterweight and middleweight divisions.
Direct development
Direct development is a concept in biology.  It refers to forms of growth to adulthood that do not involve metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes direct development if the immature organism resembles a small adult rather than having a distinct larval form.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a small frog undergoes direct development.  A frog that hatches out of its egg as a tadpole does not.

Direct development is the opposite of complete metamorphosis.  An animal undergoes complete metamorphosis if it becomes a non-moving thing, for example a pupa in a cocoon, between its larval and adult stages.

Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops  including  birth transformation or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation. Some insects, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis, which is often accompanied by a change of nutrition source or behavior. Animals can be divided into species that undergo complete metamorphosis ("holometaboly"), incomplete metamorphosis ("hemimetaboly"), or no metamorphosis ("ametaboly").

Generally organisms with a larval stage undergo metamorphosis, and during metamorphosis the organism loses larval characteristics.
Guy Armand Romano
Guy Armand Romano (11 June 1937 – 23 November 2023) was a French Roman Catholic prelate. He was Apostolic Administrator of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Niamey from 1984 to 1997 and titular bishop of Caput Cilla. He was appointed bishop of Niamey by John Paul II from 1997 to 2003 when he resigned due to poor health. He died in Paris, on 23 November 2023, at the age of 86.

Archdiocese of Niamey
The Archdiocese of Niamey (Latin: Archidioecesis Niameyensis) is a Roman Catholic Archdiocese in Niger. It is based in the capital city of Niamey and was erected on 28 April 1942. Pope Benedict XVI made it an archdiocese in June 2007. It uses the Latin Rite and covers approximately 200,000 square kilometres (80,000 mi2).

As of 2004, the diocesan population was about 5,880,000 with 0.3% Catholic. 29 priests were in the diocese for a ratio of 517 Catholics per priest. Djalwana Laurent Lompo has been the head of the archdiocese since October 2014.

This archdiocese is the metropolitan of a province having one suffragan diocese: Maradi.
Sitronics
Sitronics (Russian: Ситро́никс) is a Russian microelectronics company owned by Sistema Holdings. Based in Moscow, its main products are electronics fabs. It has R&D facilities NIIME and Mikron in Zelenograd, and other facilities elsewhere in Eastern Europe.

Sistema
AFK Sistema PAO is a large Russian conglomerate company, founded by Vladimir Yevtushenkov, who was chairman of the corporation's board of directors until 2022. In April, Yevtushenkov's shareholding in Sistema decreased to 49.2%, and he also stepped down from Sistema's board of directors.

Sistema has its headquarters in Moscow. The company's global depository receipts (GDRs) traded on the London Stock Exchange from 2005 until delisting in May 2023. It has been under US sanctions since November 2023.
Guilin Road station
Guilin Road (Chinese: 桂林路; pinyin: Guìlín Lù) is an interchange station between Line 9 and Line 15 of the Shanghai Metro.

When the line opened on 29 December 2007, it was the eastern terminus of Line 9, with a shuttle bus providing a link between this station and Yishan Road station. On 28 December 2008, the extension to Yishan Road was opened and the shuttle bus service was removed.

The line 9 platforms have 3 tracks, one island platform, and one side platform. The inner island platform is not in service. Trains heading to Caolu use the outer island platform, whilst trains towards Songjiang South Railway Station use the side platform. The line 9 platform utilizes the same platform layout as Zhongchun Road on the same line.
The line 15 island platform opened on 27 June 2021 in together with the opening of the transfer between the 2 lines.

Line 9 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 9 is a southwest-northeast line of the Shanghai Metro network. The line runs from Shanghai Songjiang Railway Station in Songjiang District to Caolu in Pudong. The line is colored light blue on system maps.