hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cressy (ship)
Cressy was one of the First Four Ships in 1850 to carry emigrants from England to the new colony of Canterbury in New Zealand. Cressy was the last to arrive on 27 December.

The passengers aboard these four ships were referred to as the "Canterbury Pilgrims" of Christchurch. Their names are inscribed on a marble plaque in Cathedral Square in the centre of Christchurch.

The ship is remembered in the name of a road, Cressy Terrace, in the port town of Lyttelton.

Lyttelton, New Zealand
Lyttelton (Māori: Ōhinehou or Riritana) is a port town on the north shore of Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō, on the eastern coast of the South Island of New Zealand. The town is separated from Christchurch by the Port Hills, an eroded remnant of the extinct Banks Peninsula Volcano.

The Port of Lyttelton was historically regarded as the "Gateway to Canterbury" for colonial settlers.  It is the South Island's principal goods-transport terminal, handling 34% of exports and 61% of imports by value, and is also a regular destination for cruise ships.
Antony Theodore
Antony Theodore (born 1954) is a bilingual German poet, pastor and educator who writes in both English and German. He writes mostly on spiritual teachings of Jesus Christ and underlying unity of all world religions. His spiritual poems are read as sermons at United Church of Christ. He has also written spiritual biography of the American mystic Thomas Merton. More than 5000 of his poems have been posted on various poetry websites like Poem Hunter, where he is consistently ranked among top world poets.

Thomas Merton
Thomas Merton OCSO (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968), religious name M. Louis, was an American Trappist monk, theologian, mystic, poet, and social activist. He was a professed member of the Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani, near Bardstown, Kentucky, living there from 1941 to his death.

Merton wrote more than 50 books in a period of 27 years, mostly on spirituality, social justice, and pacifism, as well as scores of essays and reviews. Among Merton's most widely-read works is his bestselling autobiography The Seven Storey Mountain (1948).

Merton became a keen proponent of interfaith understanding, exploring Eastern religions through study and practice. He pioneered dialogue with prominent Asian spiritual figures.
Brodiaea kinkiensis
Brodiaea kinkiensis is a species of Brodiaea also with the common name San Clemente Island brodiaea. This flower is endemic to San Clemente Island, one of the Channel Islands of California.

This flower is not considered endangered, but it is of some concern since its entire wild distribution is limited to the clay mesas of San Clemente Island.

San Clemente Island
San Clemente Island (Tongva: Kinkipar; Spanish: Isla de San Clemente) is the southernmost of the Channel Islands of California. It is owned and operated by the United States Navy, and is a part of Los Angeles County. It is administered by Naval Base Coronado. It is 21 miles (34 km) long and has 147.13 km2 (56.81 sq mi) of land. The 2018 census estimates 148 military and civilian personnel reside on the island. The city of San Clemente in Orange County, California, is named after the island.
Omak Apang
Omak Apang (born 11 March 1971) is an Indian politician from Arunachal Pradesh. Born to parents of Adi descent, he is the son of politician Gegong Apang, who served as the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh between 1980 and 1999, and again between 2003 and 2007. He served as the minister of state for tourism in Second Vajpayee ministry as its youngest minister in 1998–99. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Arunachal Congress, as well as the Indian National Congress, and currently a member of Bharatiya Janata Party after resigning from the primary and active membership of the Indian National Congress in February 2014 and joining the BJP on 20 February 2014.

He was a member of the Parliament from Arunachal West (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1998. However, Apang once again stood from Arunachal West in 1999 and came second with 70,760 votes, 30.07% in that constituency.

Arunachal Congress
Arunachal Congress (AC) was a regional political party in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.

It was founded in 1996 as a splinter group of the Indian National Congress, when the local party leader and Chief Minister Gegong Apang revolted against the then Congress leader P.V. Narasimha Rao.
Scott Valley Airport
Scott Valley Airport (FAA LID: A30), formerly CA06, is a public airport located three miles (4.8 km) south of the central business district (CBD) of Fort Jones, a city in Siskiyou County, California, USA. The airport covers 53 acres and has one runway.

Siskiyou County, California
Siskiyou County (/ˈsɪskjuː/ ⓘ SISK-yoo) is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,076. Its county seat is Yreka and its highest point is Mount Shasta. It falls within the Cascadia bioregion.

Siskiyou County is in the Shasta Cascade region along the Oregon border. Because of its outdoor recreation, Mt. Shasta, McCloud River, and Gold Rush-era history, it is an important tourist destination within the state.
Eileen DeSandre
Eileen DeSandre is an American stage actor and a member of the Actors' Equity Association. Known for much of her career as a character actor in the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in Ashland, Oregon, she has more recently taken lead roles in a variety of theaters. She has an M.F.A. in acting from Pennsylvania State University, and a B.A. in French and theater from Seton Hill University.

Seton Hill University
Seton Hill University is a private Catholic university in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, United States. Originally a women's college, it became a coeducational university in 2002 and enrolls about 2,200 students.
Trover
Trover (/ˈtroʊvər/) is a form of lawsuit in common law jurisdictions for recovery of damages for wrongful taking of personal property. Trover belongs to a series of remedies for such wrongful taking, its distinctive feature being recovery only for the value of whatever was taken, not for the recovery of the property itself (see replevin).

Detinue
In tort law, detinue (/ˈdɛtɪˌnjuː/) is an action to recover for the wrongful taking of personal property. It is initiated by an individual who claims to have a greater right to their immediate possession than the current possessor. For an action in detinue to succeed, a claimant must first prove that he had better right to possession of the chattel than the defendant, and second, that the defendant refused to return the chattel once demanded by the claimant.

Detinue allows for a remedy of damages for the value of the chattel, but unlike most other interference torts, detinue also allows for the recovery of the specific chattel being withheld.
Pierre Dufal
Pierre Dufal, C.S.C. (8 November 1822 – 14 March 1898) was a French-born bishop of the Catholic Church in Eastern Bengal and the United States. He served as the Vicar Apostolic of Eastern Bengal and as the Coadjutor Bishop of Galveston.  He was also the Superior General of the Congregation of Holy Cross.

Archdiocese of Dhaka
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dhaka (Latin: Archidiœcesis Dhakensis) is the  Latin, main Metropolitan diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Bangladesh, but no longer the only one. It still depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

The archdiocese's Marian mother church and thus seat of its archbishop is St. Mary's Cathedral in the national capital Dhaka. As senior Metropolitan in Bangladesh, it is the principal episcopal see of that country. As of 2020 the Archbishop of Dhaka is Bejoy Nicephorus D'Cruze, formerly Bishop of Sylhet, having been appointed by Pope Francis in September 2020.
Mukhtasar al-Tahawi
Mukhtasar al-Tahawi (Arabic: مختصر الطحاوي) is a 10th-century classical work on Hanafi jurisprudence authored by al-Tahawi. In this concise book, as indicated by its title Mukhtasar (summary), the author compiles about 460 disputed issues among the three principal Hanafi imams—Abu Hanifa, Abu Yusuf, and Muhammad al-Shaybani—and, to a lesser extent, Zufar. It is regarded as the first work of its kind in Hanafi fiqh literature. A key feature of the book is al-Tahawi's explicit statement of preference (tarjih) in these disagreements. Estimates suggest that about 75% of his rulings in the work do not align with Abu Hanifa, the eponym of the school. The book was published in 1950 by Abul Wafa al-Afghani, based on existing manuscripts.

Al-Tahawi
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī (Arabic: أَبُو جَعْفَر أَحْمَد ٱلطَّحَاوِيّ, romanized: Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī) (853 – 5 November 933), commonly known as at-Tahawi (Arabic: ٱلطَّحَاوِيّ, romanized: aṭ-Ṭaḥāwī), was an Egyptian Arab Hanafi jurist and Traditionalist theologian. He studied with his uncle al-Muzani and was a Shafi'i jurist, before then changing to the Hanafi school. He is known for his work al-'Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah, a summary of Sunni Islamic creed which influenced Hanafis in Egypt.
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It was established on 7 February 2023 by a cabinet reshuffle under the Rishi Sunak premiership. The new department took on the energy policy responsibilities of the former Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS).

The department's first Secretary of State was Grant Shapps; he was previously the final Secretary of State at BEIS. The current secretary is Ed Miliband.

The department is scrutinised by the Energy Security and Net Zero Select Committee.

Energy Security and Net Zero Select Committee
The Energy Security and Net Zero Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom that came into existence in April 2023. It is the successor to the previous Energy and Climate Change Select Committee, which existed from 2009 to 2016. The current chair is Bill Esterson.
Kona International Airport
Ellison Onizuka Kona International Airport at Keāhole (IATA: KOA, ICAO: PHKO, FAA LID: KOA) is the primary airport on the Island of Hawaiʻi, located in the Kailua-Kona area, Hawaii, United States. The airport serves leeward (western) Hawaiʻi island, including the resorts in North Kona and South Kohala. It is one of two international airports serving Hawaiʻi island, the other being Hilo International Airport on the windward (eastern) side.

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2021–2025, in which it is categorized as a small-hub primary commercial service facility.

Kona District, Hawaii
19°41′58.56″N 155°59′24.00″W﻿ / ﻿19.6996000°N 155.9900000°W﻿ / 19.6996000; -155.9900000

Kona is a moku or district on the Big Island of Hawaiʻi in the state of Hawaii, known for its Kona coffee and the Ironman World Championship Triathlon. In the administration of Hawaiʻi County, the moku of Kona is divided into North Kona District (Kona ʻAkau) and South Kona District (Kona Hema). "Kona" sometimes refers to its largest town, Kailua-Kona. Other towns in Kona include Kealakekua, Keauhou, Holualoa, Hōnaunau and Honalo.
Binomial theorem
In elementary algebra, the binomial theorem (or binomial expansion) describes the algebraic expansion of powers of a binomial. According to the theorem, the power ⁠⁠ expands into a polynomial with terms of the form ⁠⁠, where the exponents ⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠ are nonnegative integers satisfying ⁠⁠ and the coefficient ⁠⁠ of each term is a specific positive integer depending on ⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠. For example, for ⁠⁠,

The coefficient ⁠⁠ in each term ⁠⁠ is known as the binomial coefficient ⁠⁠ or ⁠⁠ (the two have the same value). These coefficients for varying ⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠ can be arranged to form Pascal's triangle. These numbers also occur in combinatorics, where ⁠⁠ gives the number of different combinations (i.e. subsets) of ⁠⁠ elements that can be chosen from an ⁠⁠-element set. Therefore ⁠⁠ is usually pronounced as "⁠⁠ choose ⁠⁠".

Cavalieri's quadrature formula
In calculus, Cavalieri's quadrature formula, named for 17th-century Italian mathematician Bonaventura Cavalieri, is the integral

and generalizations thereof. This is the definite integral form; the indefinite integral form is:

There are additional forms, listed below. Together with the linearity of the integral, this formula allows one to compute the integrals of all polynomials.

The term "quadrature" is a traditional term for area; the integral is geometrically interpreted as the area under the curve y = xn. Traditionally important cases are y = x2, the quadrature of the parabola, known in antiquity, and y = 1/x, the quadrature of the hyperbola, whose value is a logarithm.
John Baskerville
John Baskerville (baptised 28 January 1707 – 8 January 1775) was an English businessman, in areas including japanning and papier-mâché, but he is best remembered as a printer and type designer. He was also responsible for inventing "wove paper", which was considerably smoother than "laid paper", allowing for sharper printing results.

Wove paper
Wove paper is a type of paper first created centuries ago in East Asia, and subsequently introduced to England, Europe and the American colonies in the mid-eighteenth century. Hand-made wove paper was first produced by using a wooden mould that contained a finely-woven brass vellum (wire cloth), upon which the paper pulp was applied and dried, creating a smooth, uniform surface.
Anna Maxwell Martin
Anna Maxwell Martin (born Anna Charlotte Martin; 10 May 1977), sometimes credited as Anna Maxwell-Martin, is an English actress. She has won two British Academy Television Awards, for her portrayals of Esther Summerson in the BBC adaptation of Bleak House (2005), and of N in the Channel 4 adaptation of Poppy Shakespeare (2008). She is also known for her roles as DCS Patricia Carmichael in BBC One crime drama Line of Duty (2019–2021) and Kelly Major in Code 404 (2020–2022). From 2016–2022, Martin starred in the BBC comedy Motherland, for which she was nominated for the BAFTA for Best Female Comedy Performance. In 2025, she won the International Emmy Award for Best Actress for playing Delia Balmer in ITV's Until I Kill You.

Martin's theatre work includes the role of Lyra Belacqua in the production of His Dark Materials (2003–2004) at the National Theatre.

Lyra Belacqua
Lyra Belacqua (/ˈlaɪrə bəˈlɑːkwə/ LY-rə bə-LAH-kwə), later known as Lyra Silvertongue, is the heroine of Philip Pullman's trilogy His Dark Materials. In His Dark Materials Lyra is a young girl who inhabits a universe parallel to our own. Brought up in the cloistered world of Jordan College, Oxford, she finds herself embroiled in a cosmic war between Lord Asriel on one side, and a deity figure known as The Authority and his Regent, Metatron, on the other. Lyra also features prominently in the subsequent trilogy The Book of Dust.
Merrick State Park
Merrick State Park is a 322-acre (130 ha) Wisconsin state park on the Mississippi River north of Fountain City.  The park is bordered by the lands and waters of the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge.

Fountain City, Wisconsin
Fountain City is a small city bordering the Mississippi River in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 806 at the 2020 census. Fountain City is also known for where Northwest Airlines Flight 421 crashed.
Hayley Turner
Hayley Turner OBE (born 3 January 1983) is a retired English jockey who competed in flat racing. Originally from Nottingham, she was based in Newmarket for much of her career.

In 2008 Turner became the first woman to ride 100 UK flat race winners during a calendar year. She went on to win eight Group races, including two Group 1 races and a Grade 1 race. She retired from racing in 2015 and became a regular contributor to ITV Racing. She came out of retirement in 2018 and since then has ridden four winners at Royal Ascot. She rode her 1,000th winner in Great Britain in July 2024. She retired in April 2025.

Margot Did
Margot Did (foaled 17 March 2008) is an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. After being sold cheaply as a yearling and again as a two-year-old she entered training with Michael Bell at Newmarket. As a juvenile in 2010 she showed high-class form, winning twice and finished second in the Albany Stakes, Princess Margaret Stakes and Lowther Stakes. In 2012 she was beaten in her first two races but established herself as a potentially high-class sprinter with wins in the Scurry Stakes and the Land O'Burns Fillies' Stakes. At York Racecourse in August she recorded her biggest win with a 20/1 upset victory in the Nunthorpe Stakes. She never reproduced her best form thereafter and finished unplaced in her five remaining races. She was retired from racing in August 2012.
Peter Tillemans
Peter Tillemans (c. 1684 – 5 December 1734) was a Flemish painter, best known for his works on sporting and topographical subjects. Alongside John Wootton and James Seymour, Tillemans was one of the founders of the English school of sporting painting.

Tillemans died in England in 1734, having resided there since 1708.

Norwich Castle
Norwich Castle is a medieval royal fortification in the city of Norwich, in the English county of Norfolk. William the Conqueror (1066–1087) ordered its construction in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest of England. The castle was used as a gaol from 1220 to 1887. In 1894, the Norwich Museum moved to Norwich Castle. The museum and art gallery holds significant objects from the region, especially works of art, archaeological finds and natural history specimens.

The historic national importance of the Norwich Castle site was recognised in 1915 with its listing as a scheduled monument. The castle buildings, including the keep, attached gothic style gatehouse and former prison wings, were given Grade I listed building status in 1954. The castle is one of the city's twelve heritage sites, and is managed by the Norfolk Museums Service.

The interior of the keep was reconstructed over five years to how it would have looked in the early 12th century, fully reopening in August 2025.
The Catholic Catechism (Hardon)
The Catholic Catechism is a major volume on the teachings of the Catholic Church written by John Hardon and published in 1975.  It was written at the request of Pope Paul VI to counter the emergence of perceived rampant liberalism after the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965). By 1977, 100,000 copies had been sold.

The Catholic Catechism was a significant work in the sense that it essentially brought modern Vatican II Catholic teaching and faith into one book, unlike any other before, and was a precursor to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which is the official codified teaching of the Catholic Church, written by Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) and promulgated by Pope John Paul II in 1992.

Hardon's Catholic Catechism remains a standard work on Catholic orthodoxy even to this day.

The book is published with the nihil obstat and imprimatur.

John Hardon
John Anthony Hardon (June 18, 1914 – December 30, 2000) was an American Jesuit priest, writer, teacher and theologian. As a beatification process was opened for him in 2005, he is recognized by the Catholic Church as a Servant of God.
Jats of Balochistan
The Jats of Balochistan, also spelt Jath, are tribes of Sindhi origin, usually from Lari Sindhi Jats, Jadgals, and Jamotes, found in Pakistani Balochistan, specifically in the Kacchi Plains, Las Bela, and Makran. They are also found in lower Sindh and Kutch. However, regardless of their origins, they are generally seen as Baloch. They are estimated to be around 10% of the total population of Balochistan, making up the fourth largest ethnic group in the area. Most of these Jats are nomadic pastoralists who specialize in raising camels.

The Sindhi word for Jaths (جت, pronounced with a soft 't') is different than the word used as a transliteration for Jats (جاٽ, pronounced with a hard 't').

Sindhi Jats
The Sindhi Jats (Sindhi: سنڌي جت/جاٽ) are an indigenous community of Sindh, Pakistan. They are mostly Muslims.

Originally from the lower Indus Valley, many Sindhi Jats would migrate to lower Iraq between the 5th and 11th centuries, where they formed the Zuṭṭ (Arabic: الزُّطِّ) community. Another migration northwards into Punjab would take place between the 11th and 16th centuries, where many Sindhi Jats settled in newly cultivatable land and gradually took up farming.
2014 Varsity Cup
The 2014 Varsity Cup was contested from 3 February to 7 April 2014. The tournament (also known as the FNB Varsity Cup presented by Steinhoff International for sponsorship reasons) was the seventh season of the Varsity Cup, an annual inter-university rugby union competition featuring eight South African universities.

The tournament was won by UCT Ikey Tigers for the second time; they beat NWU Pukke 39–33 in the final played on 7 April 2014. Wits were automatically relegated to the second-tier Varsity Shield competition for 2015, but UJ won their relegation play-off match against UKZN Impi to remain in the Varsity Cup for 2015.

2015 Varsity Rugby
2015 Varsity Rugby was the 2015 edition of four rugby union competitions annually played between several university teams in South Africa. It was contested from January to April 2015 and was the eighth edition of these competitions.
Fulco (bishop of Estonia)
Fulco was the first known missionary Bishop of Estonia. He was appointed in 1165 by Eskil, the Danish Archbishop of Lund. Before his appointment, Fulco was a Benedictine monk in the abbey of Moutier-la-Celle, near Troyes in France. His nationality is not known.

After his appointment, Fulco appears in sources only once. In 1171, Pope Alexander III asked the Archbishop of Trondheim to assign an Estonian monk Nicolaus living in Stavanger to go to Fulco's assistance. No further information survives about Fulco's work in Estonia, or whether he ever even got there.

Eskil of Lund
Eskil was a 12th-century Archbishop of Lund, in Skåne, Denmark (now in Sweden).

He was one of the most prominent princes of the Church in Scandinavia. Known for his piety, he was always zealous for the welfare of the church, and was a defender of the rights of the hierarchy in its struggle against the civil power and clerical usurpers.
Tadali
Tadali is a village in Chandrapur district of Nagpur Division of Maharashtra, India.

The village is served by Tadali Junction which is a railway junction station under Nagpur division of Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is on the New Delhi–Chennai main line with a line to Ghugus which branches off to the south-west.

Central Railway zone
The Central Railway (abbreviated CR) is one of the 17 zones of Indian Railways. Its headquarters are located at Mumbai. It has the distinction of operating the first passenger railway line in India, which opened from Mumbai to Thane on 16 April 1853 (1853-04-16).