hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Red Sorghum (film)
Red Sorghum is a 1988 Chinese film about a young woman's life working in a distillery for sorghum liquor. It is based on the first two parts of the novel Red Sorghum by Nobel laureate Mo Yan.

The film marked the directorial debut of internationally acclaimed filmmaker Zhang Yimou, and the acting debut of film star Gong Li.  With its lush and lusty portrayal of peasant life, it immediately vaulted Zhang to the forefront of the Fifth Generation of Chinese directors. The film won the Golden Bear Award at Berlin Film Festival.

Kaoliang liquor
Kaoliang liquor, Gaolang liquor or sorghum liquor is a strong distilled liquor of Chinese origin made from fermented sorghum. It is a type of light-aroma baijiu. The liquor originates from Dazhigu (大直沽, located east of Tianjin), first appearing in the Ming Dynasty and is widely consumed across northern China in provinces such as Hebei, Shaanxi, and Shandong. It is primarily made and sold in China and Taiwan, but is also popular in Korea, where it is called goryangju (hangul: 고량주; hanja: 高粱酒) or bbaegal (which originates from the Chinese character 白乾). Kaoliang ranges usually between 38 and 63 percent alcohol by volume.
Rochester, Hornellsville, and Pine Creek Railroad
The Rochester, Hornellsville, and Pine Creek Railroad (RH&PC) was a railroad company organized in New York state in the 1870s. It did some grading but never laid track nor opened its line.

Its articles of association were filed on March 30, 1871, in New York and was formed according to the railroad laws of the state. It planned to build a railroad line from Hornellsville to the New York-Pennsylvania state line. In 1874, the railroad line was 25 miles (40 km) long and only a portion of it was graded at that time. The RH&PC, which merged with two other railways to become the Geneva, Hornellsville, and Pine Creek Railway in 1876, never completed the line and town citizens were asked to repay the bonds. This led to the Greenwood, New York, insurrection of 1882. In 1896, Greenwood got rail service from the New York & Pennsylvania Railroad, which used some of the RH&PC grading.

Elmira and Lake Ontario Railroad
The Elmira and Lake Ontario Railroad was a subsidiary of the Northern Central Railway and later the Pennsylvania Railroad, formed to give the Northern Central an outlet for coal traffic on Lake Ontario.
Brock, Saskatchewan
Brock (2016 population: 142) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Kindersley No. 290 and Census Division No. 13. The village is located 165 km southwest of the city of Saskatoon.

Division No. 13, Saskatchewan
Division No. 13 is one of eighteen census divisions in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, as defined by Statistics Canada. It is located in the western part of the province, bordering Alberta. The most populous community in this division is Kindersley.
Carmichael (crater)
Carmichael is a lunar impact crater that is located along the eastern edge of the Sinus Amoris, in the northeastern quadrant of the Moon's near side. Its diameter is 20 km. It was named after American psychologist Leonard Carmichael, and lies within a couple of crater diameters south-southwest of the smaller crater Hill. Further to the east-northeast is the prominent crater Macrobius. Carmichael was designated Macrobius A before being given its current name by the IAU.

Carmichael is generally circular, with a small floor at the middle of the sloping interior walls. There is a low rise of scree along the southeast inner wall. The crater is free of notable impacts along the rim or the interior, although a tiny craterlet is situated in the lunar mare just outside the rim to the south-southwest.

Hill (crater)
Hill is a small lunar impact crater that is located to the west of the prominent crater Macrobius, near the eastern edge of the Sinus Amoris. Its diameter is 16 km. It was named after American astronomer George William Hill. It was previously designated Macrobius B. It lies just to the north-northeast of Carmichael, another renamed satellite crater of Macrobius.

This is a circular, bowl-shaped crater with an inner wall that has a relatively high albedo compared to the surrounding terrain. The inner walls are symmetrical in form, and slope gently down to the small floor at the midpoint, a surface about one-fourth the diameter of the crater. This formation is not significantly eroded, and is otherwise indistinguishable from many similar craters on the Moon.
Montrose Wolf
Montrose Madison Wolf (May 29, 1935 – March 19, 2004) was an American psychologist. He developed the technique of "time-out" as a learning tool to shape behavior in children in the 1960s. He was a leader in creating the discipline of problem-solving, real-world psychological research known as applied behavior analysis. He created the Teaching Family Model as an intervention program for dealing with juvenile delinquents. He helped replicate this model almost 800 times. In the field of applied behavior analysis he introduced and named the concept of social validity.

Donald Baer, Sidney W. Bijou, Todd Risley, James Sherman, and Wolf established the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, in 1968 as a peer-reviewed journal publishing research about experimental analysis of behavior and its practical applications.

Donald M. Baer
Donald M. Baer (October 25, 1931 – April 28, 2002) was an American psychologist who contributed to the science of applied behavior analysis and pioneered the development of behavior analysis at the University of Kansas and the University of Washington. Baer is best known for his contributions at the University of Kansas. Throughout his career, he published over two hundred articles, books, and chapters on various psychological issues. Some of his most noteworthy contributions include literature on behavior-analytic theory, experimental design, and early childhood interventions. Baer received numerous awards during his lifetime which acknowledged his innovation and dedication to his field of research.
Scouting and Guiding in Uruguay
The Scout and Guide movement in Uruguay is served by

Asociación Guías Scout del Uruguay, former member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Movimiento Scout del Uruguay, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

Scouts de Uruguay

Asociación Uruguaya de Escultismo

Conquistadores de la Iglesia Adventista, affiliated to Pathfinders

Union de Scouts Tradicionales de America Uruguay, member of the Order of World Scouts

Asociación Guías Scout del Uruguay
The Asociación Guías Scout del Uruguay (AGSU, Girl Guide Association of Uruguay) is the national Guiding organization of Uruguay. It serves 71 members (as of 2012). Founded in 1955, the coeducational organization became an associate member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) in 1966; the membership was revoked in 2014. This was due to the lack of a functioning organization in the country.
Silas M. Clark House
The Silas M. Clark House, also known as Clark Memorial Hall and the History House, is an historic, American home that is located in Indiana, Pennsylvania, United States.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Indiana, Pennsylvania
Indiana is a borough in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. The population was 14,044 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Indiana, Pennsylvania micropolitan area, about 46 miles (74 km) northeast of Pittsburgh. It is a part of the greater Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area, as well as the Johnstown and Pittsburgh media markets.

The borough and the region as a whole promote itself as the "Christmas Tree Capital of the World" because the national Christmas Tree Growers Association was founded there. There are still many Christmas tree farms in the area. The largest employer in the borough today is Indiana University of Pennsylvania, the second-largest of 14 PASSHE schools in the state.
Mines on the Italian front (World War I)
The mines on the Italian front during the First World War comprised a series of underground explosive charges of varying sizes, secretly planted between 1916 and 1918 by Austro-Hungarian and Italian tunneling units beneath their enemy's lines along the Italian front in the Dolomite section of the Alps.

Col di Lana
The Col di Lana is a mountain of the Fanes Group in the Italian Dolomites. The actual peak is called Cima Lana and situated in the municipality of Livinallongo del Col di Lana (German: Buchenstein) in the Province of Belluno, Veneto region.
227th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
227th Brigade was an infantry formation of the British Army formed for Home Service under various short-lived titles in the First and the Second World Wars. Later it was upgraded to a field formation composed of Scottish troops, and saw heavy fighting in the Normandy and North West Europe Campaign.

Exeter and South Devon Volunteers
The Exeter & South Devon Volunteers was the premier unit of Britain's Volunteer Force. Formed in 1852 it went on to become a battalion of the Devonshire Regiment. Both its active service battalions went to garrison India on the outbreak of the First World War, and then saw action in Mesopotamia and Palestine. In the Second World War, the battalion served in the garrison of Gibraltar. It continued in the postwar Territorial Army until it was merged with other West Country units. Its successors today serve in a reserve battalion of The Rifles.
Hiló Formation
The Hiló Formation (Spanish: Formación Hiló, Kih) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly shale formation dates to the Middle Cretaceous period; Late Albian to Early Cenomanian epochs and has a measured thickness at its type section of 470 metres (1,540 ft). The fossiliferous formation has provided a great abundance of ammonites and other marine species.

Actinoceramus
Actinoceramus  is an extinct genus of fossil saltwater clams, marine pteriomorphian bivalve molluscs. These bivalves were facultatively mobile infaunal suspension feeders.

Actinoceramus sulcatus marks the oldest appearance of well-developed radial folds, though the functional significance is still under debate. The wide range of localities and abundance of fossils coupled with an ease of identification leads scientists to consider this genus the most "successful" marine bivalve of the Late Cretaceous.
Ten Days of Repentance
In Judaism, the Ten Days of Repentance (Hebrew: עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה, ʿǍseret yəmēy təšūvā) are the first ten days of the Hebrew month of Tishrei, beginning with the Jewish holiday of Rosh Hashanah and ending with the conclusion of Yom Kippur. During this time some observant Jews focus on taking stock of their lives, making amends with people and asking for their forgiveness, repenting for their sins and seeking out closeness with God. These days usually fall in September and/or early October.

Fast of Gedalia
The Fast of Gedalia (/ˌɡɛdəˈlaɪ.ə, ɡəˈdɑːliə/; צוֹם גְּדַלְיָה‎ Tzom Gedalya), also transliterated from the Hebrew language as Gedaliah or Gedalya(h), is a minor Jewish fast day from dawn until dusk to lament the assassination of Gedaliah, the governor of what was the Kingdom of Judah. His death ended Jewish autonomy following the destruction of the First Temple and the fall of King Zedekiah.
FictionJunction Yuuka
FictionJunction Yuuka (フィクションジャンクション・ユウカ, Fikushon Jankushon Yūka; stylized as FictionJunction YUUKA) is a pop duo from Japan consisting of Yuuka Nanri (vocals) and composer Yuki Kajiura (composition, lyrics and keyboards). It is part of Kajiura's solo project FictionJunction.

Yuki Kajiura
Yuki Kajiura (梶浦 由記, Kajiura Yuki; born August 6, 1965) is a Japanese composer, arranger and music producer. She has provided the music for several popular anime series, such as Sword Art Online, Puella Magi Madoka Magica, Fate/Zero, The Garden of Sinners, Pandora Hearts, and Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba.

As a composer, Kajiura is known for her unique and distinctive musical motifs and leitmotifs, as well as for her distinctive fusion of contemporary classical music and electronic music.
Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol
The Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul-americana de Voleibol) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in South America. Its headquarters is located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Men's South American Volleyball Championship
The Men's South American Volleyball Championship is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of South America, organized by the Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV). The initial gap between championships was variable, but since 1967 they have been awarded every two years. The competition has been dominated by Brazil, which won 33 of the 35 editions. The first tournament not won by Brazil was the 1964 championship, when the team did not compete due to political turmoil in the country, and the tournament was won by Argentina. Recently, in the 2023 edition, Argentina won their second title, ending Brazil's dominance since 1967.
Theosophy and literature
According to some literary and religious studies scholars, modern Theosophy had a certain influence on contemporary literature, particularly in forms of genre fiction such as fantasy and science fiction. Researchers claim that Theosophy has significantly influenced the Irish literary renaissance of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, notably in such figures as W. B. Yeats and G. W. Russell.

H. Rider Haggard
Sir Henry Rider Haggard KBE (/ˈhæɡərd/; 22 June 1856 – 14 May 1925) was an English writer of adventure fiction romances set in exotic locations, predominantly Africa, and a pioneer of the lost world literary genre. He was also involved in land reform throughout the British Empire. His stories, situated at the lighter end of Victorian literature and including the eighteen Allan Quatermain stories beginning with King Solomon's Mines, continue to be popular and influential.
Drahtseilbahn Engelberg–Hotel Terrasse
Drahtseilbahn Engelberg-Hotel Terrasse was a funicular railway in Engelberg, Switzerland. It led from the resort Engelberg at 1003 m to Hotel Terrace at 1053 m. The two-car line with passing loop had a length of 136 m  and a maximum incline of 37.2%. It was one of the funiculars built at Belle Epoque hotels.

The owner of Grand Hôtel Terrasse received a concession by the Swiss Federal Assembly in 1905. It had an initial duration of 80 years. It opened on 30 August 1905 (1905-8-30).

The service was suspended in 1941, and from 1993 to 1998.

The funicular was finally closed in 2008, when the concession expired and the installations would have required investment for renewal. Elevators and tunnels replaced it.

ticket (ca. 1977)

Engelberg
Engelberg (lit.: mountain of angel(s)) is a village resort and a municipality in the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland. Alongside the central village of Engelberg, the municipality encompasses additional settlements, including Grafenort, Oberberg and Schwand.

The municipality of Engelberg is an exclave, entirely encircled by the neighboring cantons of Bern, Nidwalden and Uri.

Engelberg is a mountain resort in Central Switzerland. In the Middle Ages, the area garnered recognition for its Benedictine monastery, known as Engelberg Abbey. As time progressed, particularly from the 19th century onwards, Engelberg became a well-known mountain resort. The city of Lucerne serves as the nearest major urban center.

While the official language of Engelberg is German, the predominant spoken language is the local variation of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Iskitim constituency
The Iskitim constituency (No.137) is a Russian legislative constituency in Novosibirsk Oblast. The constituency covers southern Novosibirsk, its suburbs Berdsk and Iskitim as well as rural southern Novosibirsk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by A Just Russia deputy Aleksandr Aksyonenko, former professional ice hockey player and nephew of former Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Nikolay Aksyonenko, who won the open seat, left vacant by the resignation of five-term United Russia deputy Aleksandr Karelin.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Oei Wie Gwan
Oei Wie Gwan (simplified Chinese: 黄维源; traditional Chinese: 黃維源; pinyin: Huáng Wéiyuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ûinn Ûi-guân) was a Chinese Indonesian businessman, originally from the Lasem Regency of Central Java Provincial Region of Indonesia who founded the Djarum company.

Djarum
PT Djarum (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈdʒarʊm]) is an Indonesian cigarette manufacturer and conglomerate based in Kudus, Central Java. It produces dozens of domestic and international brands, mainly kretek (clove cigarette). Djarum Black, Super, and L.A. Lights are among the most popular products of Djarum. Under its direct parent, PT Dwimuria Investama Andalan (also known as Djarum Group), it has non-cigarette business lines in technology, banking, and food.

The company owns the PB Djarum, a professional badminton club, the Italian football club Como, and was the main sponsor of Indonesia's top football league, including the Divisi Utama from 2005 to 2008 and Indonesia Super League (ISL), from 2008 to 2011.
Law of Uppland
The Law of Uppland (Swedish: Upplandslagen; Latin: Codex iuris Uplandici) was the law that applied in Uppland, Sweden, from 1296 to the beginning of the 1350s.

It was drafted by a Royal commission, enacted at the three Folkland Things, and given Royal assent in 1296. The Law of Uppland became the law of the land, not only for the province of Uppland it created, containing the three Folklands and Roden, but also for Gästrikland. The law contained eight law codes: The Church, King's, Heritance, Freeman's, Land, Merchant's, Neighborhood, and Thing codes. Courts were held in each Hundred and each Folkland. There were no public prosecutors, and no material difference between criminal and civil cases existed. Suits in law would be initiated by the parties. Legal proceedings were of three kinds: trial by eyewitnesses, trial by compurgation and trial by jury.

Leidang
The institution known as leiðangr (Old Norse), leidang (Norwegian), leding (Danish), ledung (Swedish), expeditio (Latin) or sometimes lething (English), was a form of conscription (mass levy) to organize coastal fleets for seasonal excursions and in defense of the realm typical for medieval Scandinavians and, later, a public levy of free farmers. In Anglo-Saxon England, a different system was used to achieve similar ends, and was known as the fyrd.

The first recorded instance of a Norse lething is disputed among scholars. There is considerable evidence that substantiates its existence in the late 12th century. However, there are also written sources and archeological evidence which indicate that the lething system was introduced as early as the tenth century, if not earlier.
Chengtoushan Town
Chengtoushan Town (simplified Chinese: 城头山镇; traditional Chinese: 城頭山鎮; pinyin: Chéngtóushān Zhèn) is a town in  Li County, Hunan Province, China. It was reformed on November 23, 2015. The town has an area of 101.61 kilometres (63.14 mi), and as of 2015, it has a census registered population of 69,500. Chengtoushan Town is divided into 16 villages and 3 communities under its jurisdiction, and the seat of the town is Zhoujiapo (周家坡社区).

The town is named after the known National Historical and Cultural Site of Chengtoushan. Located on the southwestern corner of the county, Chengtoushan Town is immediately adjacent to the east central margin of Linli County. It is about 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of the Li River, 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of the county seat, 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of the city proper of Changde City and 200 kilometres (124 mi) northwest of Changsha City.

Li County, Hunan
Li County, or Lixian (simplified Chinese: 澧县; traditional Chinese: 澧縣; pinyin: Lǐ Xiàn) is a county in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Changde. The County is located on the north in Hunan Province, and it borders to the north by Songzi City and Gong'an County of Hubei Province, to the east by Anxiang County, to the south by Jinshi City and Linli County, and to the west by Shimen County. It has an area of 2,075 kilometres (1,289 mi) with a registered population of 919,500 (as of 2015). It is divided into 15 towns and four subdistricts under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Liyang Subdistrict (澧阳街道).
Rietheim, Aargau
Rietheim is a village and former municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2022 the former municipalities of Bad Zurzach, Baldingen, Böbikon, Kaiserstuhl, Rekingen, Rietheim, Rümikon and Wislikofen merged into the new municipality of Zurzach.

Rümikon
Rümikon is a village and former municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. Its late Roman watchtower at the Sandgraben is listed as a heritage site of national significance.

On 1 January 2022 the former municipalities of Bad Zurzach, Baldingen, Böbikon, Kaiserstuhl, Rekingen, Rietheim, Rümikon and Wislikofen merged into the new municipality of Zurzach.
Tsuyoshi Kusanagi
Tsuyoshi Kusanagi (草彅 剛, Kusanagi Tsuyoshi; born July 9, 1974 in Seiyo, Ehime, Japan) is a Japanese actor, singer, television host, and a former member of SMAP, one of the best-selling boy bands in Asia.

SMAP×SMAP
SMAP×SMAP, often referred to simply as Sma-Sma, was a Japanese television variety show hosted by boy band SMAP. Debuting on April 15, 1996, it was produced by Kansai TV and Fuji TV and aired on Fuji TV and its affiliates every Monday from 10:00 p.m. to 10:54 p.m. (JST) until it ended on December 26, 2016.

Since its premiere, the show has been critically acclaimed for its originality and unique, distinct format and has become an iconic television show in Japan. It quickly became the most watched television program, attracting an average of 20 million viewers per episode, often ranking at #1 in year-end ratings. It has become the show that features the widest range of guests in Japanese television history, including actors, singers, models, athletes, filmmakers, and politicians, both Japanese and from abroad. It is the eighth longest-running prime-time television program in Japan and the second longest-running prime-time television program on Fuji Television.