hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Rand
26°10′38″S 28°13′19″E﻿ / ﻿26.17722°S 28.22194°E﻿ / -26.17722; 28.22194

The East Rand is a major urban area located in the Gauteng province of South Africa. It is the urban eastern part of Witwatersrand that is functionally merged with the Johannesburg conurbation. The region extends from Alberton in the west to Springs in the east, and south down to Nigel. It includes the towns of Bedfordview, Benoni, Boksburg, Brakpan, Edenvale, Germiston, Kempton Park, Linksfield Modderfontein and Thembisa The East Rand is known as the transport hub of Johannesburg and includes Africa's largest and second busiest airport, OR Tambo International Airport.

After the end of apartheid, the municipal governments of the towns of the East Rand were combined (excluding Modderfontein and Linksfield), and eventually merged into a single administration: the City of  Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality.

Thembisa
Thembisa, formerly Tembisa, is a large township situated to the north of Kempton Park on the East Rand, Gauteng, South Africa. It was established in 1957 when black people were resettled from Alexandra and other areas in Edenvale, Kempton Park, Midrand and Germiston.
Tushara
The kingdom of Tushara, according to ancient Indian literature, such as the epic Mahabharata, was a land located beyond north-west India. In the Mahabharata, its inhabitants, known as the Tusharas, are depicted as mlechchas ("barbarians") and fierce warriors.

Modern scholars generally see Tushara as synonymous with the historical "Tukhara", also known as Tokhara or Tokharistan – another name for Bactria. This area was the stronghold of the Kushan Empire, which ruled North India between the 1st and 3rd centuries CE.

Khasas
Khasas (Sanskrit: खश, IAST: Khaśa) were an ancient Indian tribe and a late Janapada kingdom from Himalayan regions of northern Indian subcontinent mentioned in the various historical Indian inscriptions and ancient Indian Hindu and Tibetan literature. European sources described the Khasa tribe living in the Northwest Himalayas and the Roman geographer Pliny The Elder specifically described them as "Indian people". They were reported to have lived around Gandhara, Trigarta and Madra Kingdom as per the Mahabharata.
James Miller (architect)
James Miller FRSE FRIBA FRIAS RSA (1860–1947) was a Scottish architect, recognised for his commercial architecture in Glasgow and for his Scottish railway stations. Notable among these are the American-influenced Union Bank building at 110–20 St Vincent Street, while acknowledging Richard McLoud Morrison Gunn as the bank's chief designer; his 1901–1905 extensions to Glasgow Central railway station; and Wemyss Bay railway station on the Firth of Clyde. His lengthy career resulted in a wide range of building types, and, with the assistance of skilled draughtsmen such as Richard M Gunn, he adapted his designs to changing tastes and new architectural materials and technologies.

One Great George Street
One Great George Street (OGGS) is a four-domed grade II listed Edwardian building used as a conference and wedding venue just off Parliament Square in Westminster, England. The building is the global headquarters of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE); it was originally solely a venue for ICE members to meet informally and for conferences, but became available for public events in 1989. It is near the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, and St James's Park.
Overlook, Portland, Oregon
Overlook is a neighborhood in the North section of Portland, Oregon on the east shore of the Willamette River.  It borders University Park and Arbor Lodge on the north, Humboldt and Boise on the east, Eliot on the southeast, and Northwest Industrial and the Northwest District across the Willamette on the west.

It is home to Adidas' North American headquarters.

Humboldt, Portland, Oregon
Humboldt is a neighborhood in the North and Northeast sections of Portland, Oregon. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Piedmont to the north, King to the east, Boise to the south, and Overlook to the west.
Arrondissement of Liège
The Arrondissement of Liège (French: Arrondissement de Liège; Dutch: Arrondissement Luik) is one of the four administrative arrondissements in the Walloon province of Liège, Belgium.

It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement. However, the Judicial Arrondissement of Liège also comprises the municipalities of Berloz, Crisnée, Donceel, Faimes, Fexhe-le-Haut-Clocher, Geer, Oreye, Remicourt and Waremme in the Arrondissement of Waremme. The municipality of Comblain-au-Pont, even though it is a part of the Administrative Arrondissement of Liège, is not a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Liège, but of the Judicial Arrondissement of Huy.

Arrondissement of Waremme
The Arrondissement of Waremme (French: Arrondissement de Waremme; Dutch: Arrondissement Borgworm) is one of the four administrative arrondissements in the Walloon province of Liège, Belgium. Its size is 389.86 km2 (150.53 sq mi) and its population on 1 January 2015 was 78,851 people.

The Arrondissement is only an administrative one. Judicially its communes depend on the Arrondissement of Liège except for Braives, Hannut, Lincent, Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse, and Wasseiges who depend on Huy.
HMS Orontes (1813)
HMS Orontes was a 36-gun Scamander-class fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was built at Frindsbury as Brilliant, but was renamed in 1812. She was launched in 1813. Her first commander was Captain Nathaniel Day Cochrane, who served on the Irish Station. She was later under Captain William M’Culloch, who may have taken her to the West Indies.

On 31 January 1815 Lloyd's List reported that Orontes was one of the escorts of a fleet that had left St Thomas on 11 December 1814.

On 18 February 1817, Lloyd's List reported that Orontes, just arrived at Portsmouth, had spoken with Grant at 1°32′N 17°15′W﻿ / ﻿1.533°N 17.250°W﻿ / 1.533; -17.250, out 110 days on her voyage from Madras to England.

Orontes was broken up at Sheerness in April 1817.

Scamander-class frigate
The Scamander class sailing frigates were a series of ten 36-gun ships, all built by contract with private shipbuilders to an 1812 design by Sir William Rule, which served in the Royal Navy during the late Napoleonic War and War of 1812.

They were all built of "fir" (actually, pine), selected as a stop-gap measure because of the urgent need to build ships quickly, with the Navy Board supplying red pine timber to the contractors from dockyard stocks for the first seven ships. The last three were built of yellow pine. While quick to build, the material was not expected to last as long as oak-built ships, and indeed all were deleted by 1819, except the Tagus which lasted to 1822.
JNR Class C55
The Class C55 (C55形) is a type of 4-6-2 steam locomotive built in Japan from 1935 to 1937. A total of 62 Class C55 locomotives were built and designed by Hideo Shima.

Nine were supplied to the Taiwan Government Railway, where they became class CT250 after the nationalist takeover of Taiwan in 1945 and remained in service until October 1982. 21 locomotives numbered C55 20 - C55 40 were built as streamliners during the 1930s and 40s.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Nammo
Nammo, short for Nordic Ammunition Company, is a Norwegian-Finnish aerospace and defence group specialized in production of ammunition, rocket engines and space applications. The company has subsidiaries in Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and the United States. The company ownership is evenly split between the Norwegian government (represented by the Norwegian Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries) and the Finnish defence company Patria. The company has its headquarters in Raufoss, Norway.

The company has four business units: Small and Medium Caliber Ammunition, Large Caliber Systems, Aerospace Propulsion, and Commercial Ammunition.

M72 LAW
The M72 LAW (light anti-tank weapon, also referred to as the light anti-armor weapon or LAW as well as LAWS: light anti-armor weapons system) is a portable one-shot 66 mm (2.6 in) unguided anti-tank weapon.

In early 1963, the M72 LAW was adopted by the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps as their primary individual infantry anti-tank weapon, replacing the M31 HEAT rifle grenade and the M20A1 "Super Bazooka" in the U.S. Army. It was subsequently adopted by the U.S. Air Force to serve in an anti-emplacement and anti-armor role in airbase defense.

In the early 1980s, the M72 was slated to be replaced by the FGR-17 Viper. However, the Viper program was canceled by Congress and the M136 AT4 was adopted instead. At that time, its nearest equivalents were the Swedish Pskott m/68 (Miniman) and the French SARPAC.
Noordhollandsch Kanaal
The Noordhollandsch Kanaal ("Great North Holland Canal") is a canal originally meant for ocean-going ships. It is located in North Holland, Netherlands. The canal was of great significance in Dutch history.

North Sea Canal
The North Sea Canal (Dutch: Noordzeekanaal) is a Dutch ship canal from Amsterdam to the North Sea at IJmuiden, constructed between 1865 and 1876 to enable seafaring vessels to reach the port of Amsterdam. This man-made channel terminates at Amsterdam in the closed-off IJ Bay, which in turn connects to the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal.

The drainage of the canal to the North Sea is done through the IJmuiden sea lock, augmented by the largest pumping station in Europe. This system is vital to the groundwater management of the Western Netherlands.
Odds and evens (hand game)
Odds and evens is a simple game of chance and hand game, involving two people simultaneously revealing a number of fingers and winning or losing depending on whether they are odd or even, or alternatively involving one person picking up coins or other small objects and hiding them in their closed hand, while another player guesses whether they have an odd or even number. The game may be used to make a decision or played for fun.

The finger game is also known as swords, choosies, pick, odds-on poke, or bucking up. This zero-sum game, a variation of the ancient morra and par-impar, is played in Europe, the US, and in Brazil, especially among children.

Hand game
Hand games are games played using only the hands of the players. Hand games exist in a variety of cultures internationally, and are of interest to academic studies in ethnomusicology and music education. Hand games are used to teach music literacy skills and socio-emotional learning in elementary music classrooms internationally.
Christine Buchholz
Christine Ann Buchholz (born 2 April 1971 in Hamburg) is a German politician and was member of the Bundestag, the German federal diet from 2009 to 2021 for the Die Linke. A progressive activist, Bucholz is a member of Marx21, a network of trotskyists within Die Linke broadly aligned with the International Socialist Tendency.

Linksruck
Left Shift (German: Linksruck) was a Trotskyist group in Germany, which was the German affiliate of the International Socialist Tendency (the network founded by the British Socialist Workers Party). In September 2007, Linksruck formally dissolved, and its members regrouped into the Left Party as Marx21 – Network for International Socialism.
Rich Kids on LSD
Rich Kids on LSD (RKL) is an American hardcore punk band formed in 1982 in Montecito, California, a suburb of Santa Barbara. Closely associated with the nardcore scene that developed in nearby Oxnard, RKL's music evolved from fast, raw hardcore into a technically skilled blend of punk, rock, and metal influences. Their musicianship and energetic live shows earned them a strong following, particularly among European skaters during the 1980s and 1990s. Guitarist Chris Rest remained the band's only consistent member throughout its various lineups.

Lagwagon
Lagwagon is an American punk rock band formed in 1990 from Goleta, California, just outside Santa Barbara. Their name comes from the band's tour van, which can be seen on the back cover of their 1994 second album Trashed.

The band has 12 releases through Fat Wreck Chords: nine studio albums, one EP, one live album and a collection of B-sides, compilation tracks and demos. Lagwagon has never had, nor have they seemed to pursue, strong mainstream success, but they do have a devoted underground following in North America, Europe and Asia. Their moderate success reflected a growing interest in punk rock during the 1990s, along with fellow California bands Rancid, Green Day and The Offspring. Their song "May 16" was also featured in Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2.
Osu Castle
Osu Castle (also known as Fort Christiansborg or Christiansborg  Castle) is a castle located in Osu, Accra, Ghana, on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea.

A substantial fort was built by Denmark-Norway in the 1660s; thereafter, the fort changed ownership between Denmark-Norway, Portugal, the Akwamu, Britain, and finally post-Independence Ghana. Under Denmark–Norway control it was the capital of the Danish Gold Coast, and held and dispatched enslaved people overseas.

In 1902, Christiansborg Castle (as it then was) became the seat of government in the Gold Coast; however, in modern Ghana, the seat of government has now been moved to Jubilee House.

Because of its testimony to European colonial influence in West Africa and the Atlantic slave trade, the castle was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979 along with several other castles and forts in Ghana.

Osu, Accra
Osu is a neighbourhood in central Accra, Ghana, West Africa. It is located about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the central business district, and is locally known as the "West End" of Accra. Bounded to the south by the Gulf of Guinea, Osu's western boundary is the Independence Avenue. Osu is separated from the northern district of Labone by Ring Road. Due to its establishment as a settlement in the 17th century, Osu has a mix of houses dating from the early 20th century and modern office towers.
Minister of Foreign Affairs (Togo)
The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Togo is a government minister in charge of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Togo, responsible for conducting foreign relations of the country.

The following is a list of foreign ministers of Togo since its founding in 1960:

1960–1963: Paulin Freitas

1963–1967: Georges Apedo-Amah

1967–1976: Joachim Hunlede

1976–1978: Edem Kodjo

1978–1984: Anani Akakpo Ahianyo

1984–1987: Atsu Koffi Amega

1987–1991: Yaovi Adodo

1991–1992: Abdou Touré Tchiaka

1992–1994: Fambaré Ouattara Natchaba

1994–1995: Boumbéra Alassounouma

1995............ Yandja Yentchabre (acting)

1995–1996: Barry Moussa Barqué

1996–1998: Koffi Panou

1998–2000: Joseph Kokou Koffigoh

2000–2002: Koffi Panou

2002–2003: Roland Kpotsra

2003–2005: Kokou Tozoun

2005–2007: Zarifou Ayéva

2007–2008: Léopold Gnininvi

2008–2010: Kofi Esaw

2010–2013: Elliott Ohin

2013–present: Robert Dussey

Barry Moussa Barqué
Barry Moussa Barqué (born 17 November 1942) is a Togolese politician who served in the government of Togo under President Gnassingbé Eyadéma for most of the period from 1979 to 1999. He was elected President of the Senate on 2 April 2025.
Currencies of the British West Indies
The region known as the British West Indies included British Guiana on the South American mainland, British Honduras in Central America, Bermuda, The Bahamas, and Jamaica, along with its former dependencies of the Cayman Islands and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It also included the Eastern Caribbean territories of Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, the Windward Islands and the Leeward Islands.

From the early 19th century to the later 20th century, the region generally used sterling coinage, although there was quite widespread usage of mixed sterling and dollar accounts. In the later 20th century there was a move towards dollar accounts in all the territories, in conjunction with the introduction of decimal fractional coinage.

Jamaican pound
The pound was the official currency of Jamaica between 1840 and 1969. It circulated as  a mixture of sterling coinage and locally issued coins and banknotes and was always equal to the pound sterling. The Jamaican pound was also used in the Cayman and Turks and Caicos Islands.
Rhizomucor
Rhizomucor is a genus of fungi in the family Lichtheimiaceae. The widespread genus contains six species. Rhizomucor parasiticus, the species originally selected as the type, is now considered synonymous with Rhizomucor pusillus.

Rhizomucor pusillus
Rhizomucor pusillus is a thermophilic filamentous fungus belonging to the family Lichtheimiaceae, within the order Mucorales. It is known for its role in various industrial applications, particularly in enzyme production and food fermentation, and has been studied for its safety and potential use in human consumption.
Gwendolyn Lucy O'Soup Crane
Gwendolyn Lucy O'Soup Crane (1930–2005) was Canada's first female First Nations Chief, and first elected.

She was born on August 12, 1930, in The Key First Nation, Saskatchewan, and died on August 10, 2005, in Regina, Saskatchewan.

Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations
The Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations (FSIN), formerly known as the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, is a Saskatchewan-based First Nations organization. It represents 74 First Nations in Saskatchewan and is committed to honouring the spirit and intent of the Numbered Treaties, as well as the promotion, protection and implementation of these promises made over a century ago.
Q'ara Qullu
Q'ara Qullu (Aymara q'ara bare, bald, qullu mountain, "bare mountain", also  spelled Khara Khollu, Khara Kkollu) is a 4,956-metre-high (16,260 ft) mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Omasuyos Province, Achacachi Municipality. Q'ara Qullu lies south of Janq'u Uma and Janq'u K'ark'a of the Cordillera Real. San Francisco Lake is at its feet, east of it.

Janq'u K'ark'a (Larecaja-Omasuyos)
Janq'u K'ark'a (Aymara janq'u white, k'ark'a crevice, fissure, crack, "white crevice", also  spelled Jankho Kharka) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia, about 5,200 metres (17,060 ft) high. It is situated in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Sorata Municipality, and in the Omasuyos Province, Achacachi Municipality. Janq'u K'ark'a lies south of the Janq'u Uma-Illampu massif, southeast of the mountain Quña Quñani and the lakes Warawarani (Huara Huarani) and Jisk'a Warawarani (Jiskha Huara Huarani).
Memphis soul
Memphis soul, also known as the Memphis sound, is the most prominent strain of Southern soul. It is a shimmering, sultry style produced in the 1960s and 1970s at Stax Records and Hi Records in Memphis, Tennessee, featuring melodic unison horn lines, organ, guitar, bass, and a driving beat on the drums.

Many of the songs in this style were performed by vocalists backed by the house bands of Stax, Hi and Goldwax Records. Memphis soul sound is different from the Motown sound from Detroit or the lighter sound of Chicago soul. After the rise of disco in the late 1970s, Memphis soul declined in popularity. The Stax Museum of American Soul Music is dedicated to preserving the Memphis sound.

Carla Thomas
Carla Venita Thomas (born December 21, 1942) is an American singer, who is often referred to as the Queen of Memphis Soul. She is best known for her 1960s recordings for Atlantic and Stax including the hits "Gee Whiz (Look at His Eyes)" (1960), "B-A-B-Y" (1966) and "Tramp" (1967), a duet with Otis Redding. She is the daughter of Rufus Thomas.
2006 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team
The 2006 Nebraska Cornhuskers football team represented the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Bill Callahan and played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lincoln, Nebraska.

Bill Callahan (American football coach)
William E. Callahan (born July 31, 1956) is an American football coach who is the offensive line coach for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). Callahan was the head coach of the Oakland Raiders in 2002 and 2003, leading them to Super Bowl XXXVII, where the Raiders lost to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He was also the head coach for the Nebraska Cornhuskers from 2004 to 2007 and interim head coach for the Washington Redskins in 2019. Callahan is considered to be one of the best offensive line coaches in the NFL. His son, Brian, was the head coach of the Titans.
Uppåkra temple
Uppåkra temple are the remains of an Iron Age building interpreted as the possible remains of a temple were excavated in Uppåkra, south of Lund in Scania, Sweden, from 2000–2004.

The building was rebuilt six times on the same floor plan, on the site of an older (3rd century) longhouse, and was likely in existence during the 6th to 10th centuries. It measured 13 by 6.5 meters (43 by 21 ft) and had three doors. The central part was elevated and supported by four pillars. 
Lars Larsson (2007) argued that the find represents "the first Scandinavian building for which the term 'temple' can be justly claimed".

Uppåkra
Uppåkra is a village and parish in Staffanstorp Municipality, in Scania, southern Sweden, located five kilometres south of Lund.
The village is known for its Iron Age archaeological site, which has been actively excavated since 1996.
Abdullahi Anod
General Abdullahi Anod (Somali: Cabdulaahi Caanood, Arabic: عبد الله عنود) is a Somali military leader. He is a former commander of Somalia's presidential guard unit. On 25 June 2014, Anod was appointed the new Chief of the Somali National Army.

He replaced General Dahir Adan Elmi at the position. General Abdullahi Osman Agey was concurrently named as Anod's new Deputy Chief of Army.

Dahir Adan Elmi
Major General Dahir Adan Elmi (Somali: Daahir Aadan Cilmi, Arabic: ظاهر آدم علمي), also known as Dahir Aden Indha Qarshe, is a Somali military general. He is the former chief of the Somali Army.
General Dahir Adan Elmi hails from the Sheekhaal clan.
Anamoose, North Dakota
Anamoose is a city in McHenry County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 230 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Anamoose was established along the main line of the Soo Line Railroad in 1898 by Romanians who had come from Saskatchewan, Canada. The name is a corruption of the Chippewa word uhnemoosh, which means "female dog."

Minot metropolitan area
The Minot Metropolitan statistical Area, as defined by the Census Bureau as comprising all of McHenry, Renville, and Ward Counties in North Dakota, anchored by the city of Minot. As of the 2020 census, the population was 77,546 and was estimated to be 75,938 in 2024.
I. M. Muthanna
Dr. I. M. Muthanna was a noted Indian writer, scholar and translator; he wrote in English, Kannada and Kodava takk and studied history, folklore and international studies. He was born in Kodagu into the Kodava (Coorg) community. He spent much of his later life in Canada. He is also responsible to developing the Muthanna script for Kodava Takk that has been accepted as the official script of the language by the Government of Karnataka.

Kodagu district
Kodagu district (Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ, -ʋɨ], also known by its former name Coorg, Kodava: koḍagï, koḍavï) is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State.