hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malcolm Forbes
Malcolm Stevenson Forbes (August 19, 1919 – February 24, 1990) was an American businessman and politician most prominently known as the publisher of Forbes magazine, which was founded by his father B. C. Forbes. He represented Somerset County in the New Jersey Senate from 1952 to 1958 and ran two campaigns for Governor of New Jersey. In 1953, he lost the Republican nomination to Paul L. Troast, who had the support of most of the party establishment. In 1957, he won the Republican nomination but lost the general election to incumbent Governor Robert Meyner. He was known as an avid promoter of capitalism and free market economics and for an extravagant lifestyle, spending on parties, travel, and his collection of homes, yachts, aircraft, art, motorcycles, and Fabergé eggs.

Mendoub's Residence
The Mendoub's Residence or Dar al-Mandub (Arabic: قصر مندوب, French: Palais du Mendoub), formerly known as the Forbes Museum of Tangier, is a cultural monument and 10-acre (40,000 m2) property located on Mohammed Tazi Street in the Marshan neighborhood of Tangier, Morocco.
Taddesse Tamrat
Taddesse Tamrat (Amharic: ታደሰ ታምራት; 4 August 1935 – 23 May 2013) was an Ethiopian historian and scholar of Ethiopian studies. He is best known as the author of Church and State in Ethiopia  1270–1520 (1972, Oxford University Press ISBN 0198216718), a book which has dominated the field of Ethiopian studies.

Ethiopian studies
Ethiopian studies, and less commonly Ethiopian and Eritrean studies refers to a multidisciplinary academic cluster dedicated to research on Ethiopia and Eritrea.  The field is closely tied to Orientalism, having a significant overlap with Egyptology, but particularly Semitic studies (including Aramaic, Arabic, Hebraic, and Assyriology). It has continuity with the linguistic and socio-historiological work of 17th century Ethiopian monk Abba Gorgoryos and German orientalist Hiob Ludolf.
Sicyon
Sicyon (/ˈsɪʃiˌɒn, ˈsɪs-/; Greek: Σικυών; gen.: Σικυῶνος) or Sikyōn was an ancient Greek city state situated in the northern Peloponnesus between Corinth and Achaea on the territory of the present-day regional unit of Corinthia. The ruins lie just west of the modern village of Sikyona (previously Vasiliko). An ancient monarchy at the times of the Trojan War, the city was ruled by a number of tyrants during the Archaic and Classical period and became a democracy in the 3rd century BC. Sicyon was celebrated for its contributions to ancient Greek art, producing many famous painters and sculptors. In Hellenistic times it was also the home of Aratus of Sicyon, the leader of the Achaean League.

Lysippos
Lysippos (/laɪˈsɪpɒs/; Ancient Greek: Λύσιππος) was a Greek sculptor of the 4th century BC. Together with Scopas and Praxiteles, he is considered one of the three greatest sculptors of the Classical Greek era, bringing transition into the Hellenistic period. Problems confront the study of Lysippos because of the difficulty in identifying his style in the copies which survive. Not only did he have a large workshop and many disciples in his immediate circle, but there is understood to have been a market for replicas of his work, supplied from outside his circle, both in his lifetime and later in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.  The Victorious Youth or Getty bronze, which resurfaced around 1972, has been associated with him.
1953 Masters Tournament
The 1953 Masters Tournament was the 17th Masters Tournament, held April 9–12 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.

Ben Hogan shattered the Masters scoring record by five strokes with a 274 (−14), which stood for twelve years, until Jack Nicklaus' 271 in 1965. Hogan shot four rounds of 70 or better, and went on to win the U.S. Open by six strokes in June and the British Open by four in July. Through 2022, it remains the only time these three majors were won in the same calendar year.

Hogan, age forty, led by four strokes after 54 holes and finished five ahead of runner-up Ed Oliver to win his second Masters, the seventh of his nine major titles. This win was commemorated five years later in 1958 with the dedication of the Hogan Bridge over Rae's Creek at the par-3 12th hole.

Hogan was the first Masters winner over age forty; a few months older than Hogan, Sam Snead won the next year at 41.

1958 Masters Tournament
The 1958 Masters Tournament was the 22nd Masters Tournament, held April 3–6 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia. Arnold Palmer won the first of his four Masters titles, one stroke ahead of runners-up Doug Ford and Fred Hawkins. It was the first of his seven major titles.
Triphenylphosphine phenylimide
Triphenylphosphine phenylimide is the organophosphorus compound with the formula Ph3P=NPh (Ph = C6H5). The compound is classified as a phosphanimine. This white solid is soluble in organic solvents.  The compound is a prototype of a large class of Staudinger reagents, resulting from the Staudinger reaction.

The phosphanimines were first prepared in the laboratory of Nobelist Hermann Staudinger. His synthesis involved the direct reaction of triphenylphosphine with phenylazide.

Ph3P  +  N3Ph   →    Ph3P=NPh  +  N2

X-ray crystallography establishes that the P–N–C angle is bent (130.4°) and the P–N distance is 160 pm.

Phenyl azide
Phenyl azide is an organic compound with the formula C6H5N3.  It is one of the prototypical organic azides.  It is a pale yellow oily liquid with a pungent odor. The structure consists of a linear azide substituent bound to a phenyl group.  The C−N=N angle is approximately 116°. It was discovered in 1864 by Peter Griess by the reaction of ammonia and phenyldiazonium.
Gilberts Cove, Nova Scotia
Gilberts Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the municipal district of Digby in Digby County.

Gilberts Cove, 18–20 km west of Digby on the 101 Highway, is a charming spot and the home of  "The Greatest Little Lighthouse in Canada".   The lighthouse is open 10:00 am to 4 pm Monday to Saturday; Sunday noon to 4 pm from mid-June to mid-September. Nearby, The Barn at The Point caters to visitors with a four-star B&B and cafe serving homemade food. Gilberts Cove (or 'Gilbert Cove') is so named after Colonel Thomas Gilbert who first settled here and received a Land Grant from George III of 600 acres.

Municipality of the District of Digby
Digby, officially named the Municipality of the District of Digby, is a district municipality in Digby County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Statistics Canada classifies the district municipality as a municipal district.

The district municipality forms the eastern part of Digby County. It is one of three municipal units in the county, the other two being the Town of Digby and the Municipality of the District of Clare.
Bedford RL
The Bedford RL was the British military's main medium lorry, built by Bedford from the mid-1950s until the late 1960s. The lorry was based on the civilian Bedford S type, first introduced in 1950. They superseded the Bedford QL, and were in turn superseded by the Bedford MK/MJ.

Bedford Vehicles
Bedford Vehicles, usually shortened to just Bedford, was a brand of vehicle manufactured by Vauxhall Motors, then a subsidiary of multinational corporation General Motors. Established in April 1931, Bedford Vehicles was set up to build commercial vehicles. The company was a leading international lorry brand, with substantial export sales of light, medium, and heavy lorries throughout the world.

Bedford's core heavy trucks business was divested by General Motors (GM) as AWD Trucks in 1987, whilst the Bedford brand continued to be used on light commercial vehicles and car-derived vans based on Vauxhall/Opel, Isuzu and Suzuki designs. The brand was retired in 1990.

The van manufacturing plant of Bedford, now called Vauxhall Luton, is now owned and operated by Stellantis, following Vauxhall's acquisition by PSA Group in 2017.
Raimat
Raimat (older spelling Raïmat) is a locality in the municipality of Lleida (Catalonia, Spain), 14 km away from the main town. Along with Sucs, its official status is that of a decentralised municipal entity, as some semi-urban wards attached to a larger municipality are known in Catalonia. It had 489 inhabitants in the 2008 census. It's well known for its wine industry.

Sucs
Sucs (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsuks] previous spelling Suchs, still prevalent in Spanish, but controversial and not official) is a locality in the municipality of Lleida (Catalonia, Spain). Like the neighbouring Raimat, the official status of Sucs is that of a decentralised municipal entity, as some semi-urban wards attached to a larger municipality are known in Catalonia, and located 22 km from Lleida. In the 2008 census Sucs had 578 inhabitants. Its name comes from Arabic, and is a reference to the local fair. It's mentioned in 1188, in the Ordinato Ecclesia Ilerdensis, as part of the bishopric of Lleida, along with the neighbouring locality of Suquets.

The ruins of Sucs castle and a Romanesque church dating back from the 12th century are located on top of a hill known as Lo Vilot.
Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales
The State Company for Industrial Investments (Spanish: Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales; SEPI) is a Spanish state-owned holding company that is characterized as a sovereign wealth fund. It is part of the Ministry of Finance and is known for owning RTVE, the main Spanish radio and television broadcasting channel.

SEPI was preceded by the Instituto Nacional de Industria (INI) and the Instituto Nacional de Hidrocarburos (INH). On 16 June 1995, SEPI was created in a provisional restructure which was authorized by Decree number 5/1995. On 10 January 1996, SEPI was ratified by Act of Parliament number 5/1999. This provided for the creation of various public legal entities and the abolition of the INI and the INH.

Instituto Nacional de Industria
Instituto Nacional de Industria (INI, National Institute of Industry) was a Spanish state-owned financing and industrial holding company established in Francoist Spain for the development of industry and social control. It was succeeded by the Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales (SEPI) in 1995.
Maryland Route 300
Maryland Route 300 (MD 300) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known for most of its length as Sudlersville Road, the highway runs 13.55 miles (21.81 km) from MD 213 in Church Hill east through Sudlersville to the Delaware state line, where the highway continues as Delaware Route 300 (DE 300). MD 300 forms part of an east–west connection between U.S. Route 301 (US 301) in northern Queen Anne's County and Dover, Delaware. MD 300 between Church Hill and Dudley Corners was one of the original state roads marked for improvement in 1909, but the county constructed the highway with state aid in the mid- to late-1910s from Church Hill to Sudlersville. The highway from Sudlersville to the state line was built in the late 1920s and early 1930s. MD 300 was widened over its entire length around 1950 and extended west to US 213's bypass of Church Hill (now MD 213) around 1970. MD 300 was officially split in two when its superstreet intersection with US 301 was built in 2005.

U.S. Route 301 in Maryland
U.S. Route 301 (US 301) in the state of Maryland is a major highway that runs 122.85 miles (197.71 km) from the Governor Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge over the Potomac River into Virginia northeast to Delaware. It passes through three of Maryland's four main regions: Southern Maryland, the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area, and the Eastern Shore. US 301 serves mainly as a bypass of Baltimore and Washington, D.C. from Virginia to Delaware.
Scania K series
The Scania K series is a series of chassis in Scania's city bus and coach range with longitudinally, straight-up mounted engine at the rear, replacing the K- (K94, K114, K124) and L-type (L94) chassis of the 4 series. The K series was first presented on Busworld 2005 in Kortrijk, Belgium, and models were available from 2006.

Gemilang Coachworks
Based in Johor, Malaysia, Gemilang Coachwork Sdn Bhd (GML) specialises in designing and manufacturing bus bodies and the assembly of buses. GML is also one of the first companies in Malaysia to assemble fully electric buses.

GML is a wholly owned subsidiary of Gemilang International Limited, which issued shares are listed on the Main Board of Hong Kong Stock Exchange (Stock Code: 6163 HK).
Tony Ranasinghe
Deshabandu Tony Ranasinghe ( 1937 - 2015 ) was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater and television. Widely regarded as one of the greatest actors in Sinhala cinema of all time, Tony is highly praised for his unique facial expressions, voice, the variety of body languages & some of the hard - tensioned roles which were extremely difficult to act, such as Sarath's role in Ahasin Polowata, Nissanka's role in Delovak Athara etc. According to critics, he is the last Crowned king in Sri Lankan cinema to die after Gamini Fonseka and  Joe Abeywickrama.

He acted in 115 films, in 43 of which he was the leading actor and in 72 of which he played a supporting role. He also contributed as a script writer in two films.

Deshabandhu
Deshabandhu (Sinhala: දේශබන්ධු, romanized: dēśabandhu;  Tamil: தேசபந்து, romanized: Tēcapantu, lit. 'Patriot') is the third highest national honour awarded in Sri Lanka. It is awarded "for meritorious service". The title is held by no more than 150 living holders at any time. It is conferred with a citation and a silver medal with a symbol of a peacock. It is conventionally used as a title or prefix to the awardee's name.

Deshabandhu ranks lower than Deshamanya.
Rimul
Romol or Rimul (historic name) is a farm in Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The farm lies near the western part of the village of Melhus. It was the scene of the murder of Håkon Sigurdsson (also known as Hákon Sigurðsson or Hákon Earl) by his slave Tormod Kark (Þormóðr Karkr), as described in the Saga of king Olav Tryggvason in Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla.

The farm is still in operation today, hundreds of years after the murder. There is a big stone lying nearby, thought maybe to be scene of Olaf's speech. This is, however, not proven. The events are the theme of the opera Thora paa Rimol which was composed in 1894, but not performed until 2002 in Melhus on the occasion of the village's thousandth anniversary.

Melhus (village)
Melhus is the administrative centre of Melhus Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located in the lower Gauldalen valley, along the river Gaula, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the city of Trondheim.

The 2.93-square-kilometre (720-acre) village has a population (2024) of 7,224 and a population density of 2,466 inhabitants per square kilometre (6,390/sq mi).

The village lies along the European route E06 highway as well as the Dovrebanen railway line. The railroad stops at the Melhus Station in the central part of the village. The historic Melhus Church is located about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) south of Melhus in the village of Storsand. Melhus is the largest urban area in the municipality, so it has a mall, many stores and businesses, restaurants, banks, a medical centre, a school, and the municipal government offices.
The Devil's Arithmetic (film)
The Devil's Arithmetic is a 1999 historical fantasy TV movie based on the novel of the same name by Jane Yolen. It stars Kirsten Dunst as Hannah Stern and costars Brittany Murphy, Louise Fletcher, and Mimi Rogers. Dustin Hoffman introduces the film but is uncredited and serves as an executive producer with Mimi Rogers.

Mimi Rogers
Miriam Ann Rogers (née Spickler; born January 27, 1956) is an American actress.

Her notable film roles are Gung Ho (1986), Someone to Watch Over Me (1987), Desperate Hours (1990), and Full Body Massage (1995). She garnered the greatest acclaim of her career for her role in the religious drama The Rapture (1991), with critic Robin Wood declaring that she "gave one of the greatest performances in the history of the Hollywood cinema." Rogers has since appeared in Reflections on a Crime (1994), The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996), Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery (1997), Lost in Space (1998), Ginger Snaps (2000), The Door in the Floor (2004), and For a Good Time, Call... (2012).

Her work in television includes Paper Dolls (1984), Weapons of Mass Distraction (1997), The Loop (2006–2007), and recurring roles on The X-Files (1998–1999), Two and a Half Men (2011–2015), Wilfred (2014), Mad Men (2015), Bosch (2014–2021), and Bosch: Legacy (2022).
Shambhala International
Shambhala International (originally named Vajradhatu) is the umbrella organization that encompasses many of the distinct institutions of the Shambhala spiritual community, founded by the students of the Tibetan Buddhist teacher Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche.

Based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Shambhala International links a worldwide network of urban Buddhist meditation centers and retreat centers, as well as a Western Buddhist monastery and other institutions.

Karmê Chöling
Karmê Chöling is a Shambhala Buddhist meditation retreat center and community in Barnet, Vermont. It was originally known as "Tail of the Tiger". The staff there offers meditation programs and retreats in the Shambhala Buddhist tradition to hundreds of students each year. Karmê Chöling facilities include 717 acres (2.9 km2) of wooded land, seven meditation halls, a Zen archery range, an organic garden, dining facilities, single and double rooms, dormitory housing, and seven retreat cabins. The center also houses visitors and staff in tents on wooden platforms in the warmer months of May through September. The center gives retreats, seminars, and workshops on meditation, gardening, archery, and theater.
Elwick, County Durham
Elwick is a village and civil parish in the borough of Hartlepool in County Durham, England. It is situated near the A19 road to the west of Hartlepool. Historically, Elwick was a township until 1866 when it became a civil parish.

A19 road
The A19 is a major road in England running approximately parallel to and east of the A1 road. Although the two roads meet at the northern end of the A19, the two roads originally met at the southern end of the A19 in Doncaster, but the old route of the A1 was changed to the A638. From Sunderland northwards, the route was formerly the A1018. In the past the route was known as the East of Snaith-York-Thirsk-Stockton-on-Tees-Sunderland Trunk Road. Most traffic joins the A19, heading for Teesside, from the A168 at Dishforth Interchange.
Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp
The Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp is an American twin-row, 18-cylinder, air-cooled radial aircraft engine with a displacement of 2,800 cu in (46 L), and is part of the long-lived Wasp family of engines.

The R-2800 saw widespread use in many important American aircraft during and after World War II. During the war years, Pratt & Whitney continued to develop new ideas to upgrade the engine, including water injection for takeoff in cargo and passenger planes and to give emergency power in combat.

Convair CV-240 family
The Convair CV-240 is an American airliner that Convair manufactured from 1947 to 1954, initially as a possible replacement for the ubiquitous Douglas DC-3. Featuring a more modern design with cabin pressurization, the low-wing, primarily piston-driven 240 series made some inroads as a commercial airliner, spawning nearly a dozen civil variants, and five for the military, including turboprop versions for both. Though reduced in numbers by attrition, various forms of the "Convairliners" continue to fly in the 21st century.
The Journal of Philosophy
The Journal of Philosophy is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal on philosophy, founded in 1904 at Columbia University. Its stated purpose is "To publish philosophical articles of current interest and encourage the interchange of ideas, especially the exploration of the borderline between philosophy and other disciplines." Subscriptions and online access are managed by the Philosophy Documentation Center.

The journal is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious journals in the field. The journal also publishes the Dewey, Woodbridge, and Nagel Lectures series held at Columbia University.

Alvin Goldman
Alvin Ira Goldman (October 1, 1938 – August 4, 2024) was an American philosopher who was emeritus Board of Governors Professor of Philosophy and Cognitive Science at Rutgers University in New Jersey and a leading figure in epistemology.
Lunar New Year Cup
The Lunar New Year Cup, previously known as the Carlsberg Challenge or the Carlsberg Cup, is an annual invitational football tournament organised in Hong Kong by the Hong Kong Football Association (HKFA) since 1908. It is usually held on the first and the fourth day of the Lunar New Year as a part of the new year celebrations. The tournament was called the Carlsberg Cup from 1986 to 1989 and from 1993 to 2006 as Carlsberg was the major sponsor of the event.

Since the 2007 edition of the event, the competition has officially been known as the "Lunar New Year Cup" by the Hong Kong Football Association. This is because Carlsberg is now no longer the major sponsor but a mere co-sponsor. During 2011 and 2012, the name of the event was changed to "Asian Challenge Cup".

2007 Lunar New Year Cup
The 2007 Lunar New Year Cup (formerly known as the Carlsberg Cup) was a football tournament held in Hong Kong on the first and fourth day of the Chinese New Year of the Pig (2 February and 5 February 2007).
Šakotis
Šakotis ("tree cake") (Polish: sękacz [ˈsɛŋkat͡ʂ] ⓘ, Belarusian: банкуха, romanized: bankukha) is a national Lithuanian, local Polish (northeasternmost part of Poland) and local westernmost Belarusian traditional spit cake. It is a cake made of butter, egg whites and yolks, flour, sugar, and cream, cooked on a rotating spit in an oven or over an open fire.

Baumkuchen
Baumkuchen (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊ̯mˌkuːxn̩] ⓘ) is a kind of spit cake from German cuisine. It is also a popular dessert in Japan. The characteristic rings that appear in its slices resemble tree rings, and give the cake its German name, Baumkuchen, which literally translates to "tree cake" or "log cake".
Tilafaiga
According to a legend in Samoan mythology Tilafaiga was one of the twin sisters who brought the art of tatau (Samoan tattoo) to Samoa from Fiji. Tilafaiga's twin sister's name is Taema.

Tilafaiga and Taema can also be referred to as the Matriarchs of the Samoan tatau.

Tilafaiga is the mother of Nafanua, the famous Samoan Warrior Princess, whose father was Saveasi'uleo the Ali'i of the spirit underworld Pulotu.

Nafanua
Nafanua was a historical aliʻi (Paramount Chief/Queen) and toa (warrior) of Samoa from the Sā Tonumaipeʻa clan, who took the four pāpā (district) titles, the leading aliʻi titles of Samoa. After her death she became a goddess in Polynesian religion.

There are historical and mythological traditions about Nafanua's family and life. She reportedly played a crucial role in the civil wars between the districts of eastern and western Savaiʻi.
Ramu
The Ramu River is a major river in northern Papua New Guinea. The headwaters of the river are formed in the Kratke Range from where it then travels about 640 km (398 mi) northwest to the Bismarck Sea.

Along the Ramu's course, it receives numerous tributaries from the Bismarck Range to the south and the Finisterre and Adelbert.

Sepik
The Sepik (/ˈsiːpɪk/) is the longest river on the island of New Guinea, and the third largest in Oceania by discharge volume after the Fly and Mamberamo. The majority of the river flows through the Papua New Guinea (PNG) provinces of Sandaun (formerly West Sepik) and East Sepik, with a small section flowing through the Indonesian province of Papua.

The Sepik has a large catchment area, and landforms that include swamplands, tropical rainforests and mountains. Biologically, the river system is often said to be possibly the largest uncontaminated freshwater wetland system in the Asia-Pacific region. But, in fact, numerous fish and plant species have been introduced into the Sepik since the mid-20th century.