hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dundas, Ontario
Dundas (/ˈdʌnˌdæs/) is a community and urban district in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is nicknamed Valley Town because of its topographical location at the bottom of the Niagara Escarpment on the western edge of Lake Ontario. The population has been stable for decades at about 20,000, largely because it has not annexed rural land from the protected Dundas Valley Conservation Area.

Notable events are the Buskerfest in early June and the Dundas Cactus Festival in August.

Dundas Cactus Festival
The Dundas Cactus Festival occurs on the third weekend of August in Dundas, Ontario, Canada, with King Street blocked off from York Road to Market Street, there is a parade on Thursday evening.

Following that, from Friday to Sunday, there are live musicians, buskers, arts & crafts, a Family Zone, vendors and it’s all free, to entertain the public.
Ernst Schatz
Ernst Schatz (1844–1887) was a German entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera.

With Otto Staudinger (1830-1900), he wrote Exotische Schmetterlinge in 1888. His collection of exotic butterflies and moths is held by the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. Schatz also published the first treatment of the butterfly tribe Limenitini addressing species across the globe.

Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.
Jonathan Dickinson State Park
Jonathan Dickinson State Park is a Florida State Park, and historic site located in Martin County, Florida, between Hobe Sound and Tequesta. The park includes the Elsa Kimbell Environmental Education and Research Center and a variety of natural habitats: sand pine scrub, pine flatwoods, mangroves, and river swamps. The Loxahatchee River, designated a National Wild and Scenic River in 1985 (the first in Florida), runs through the park. The park is also along the Ocean to Lake Trail. The park is at 16450 S.E. Federal Highway, Hobe Sound. The park is well known for its Camp Murphy Mountain Bike Trails.

Hobe Sound, Florida
Hobe Sound is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Martin County, Florida, United States, located along Florida's Treasure Coast. The population was 13,163 at the 2020 census, up from 11,521 in 2010.
America's Most Endangered Places
America's 11 Most Endangered Places or America's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places is a list of places in the United States that the National Trust for Historic Preservation considers the most endangered. It aims to inspire Americans to preserve examples of architectural and cultural heritage that could be "relegated to the dustbins of history" without intervention.

Many of the locations listed by the Trust have been preserved. However, there have been notable losses, such as 2 Columbus Circle, which underwent significant renovations, and the original Guthrie Theater, demolition of which was completed in early 2007.

First released in 1988, the number of sites included on the list has varied, with the most recent lists settling on 11.

The Statler Hotel & Residences
The Statler Hotel & Residences is a hotel of mid-twentieth century design located at 1914 Commerce Street in  downtown Dallas, Texas (USA). It is located on the edge of the Farmers Market District and adjacent to Main Street Garden Park. The hotel opened in 1956 as The Statler Hilton and was praised as the first modern American hotel and was designed by William B. Tabler. Later renamed the Dallas Grand Hotel, it closed in 2001, then was restored and reopened in 2017. It is currently a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.
Poldertoren
52°42′35″N 5°45′3″E﻿ / ﻿52.70972°N 5.75083°E﻿ / 52.70972; 5.75083

The Poldertoren is a water tower at the town center of Emmeloord, Netherlands. The Dutch name Poldertoren could be translated as Polder Tower. The 65-meter tower was built in 1959 and has a large carillon. The tower is no longer in use as a water tower. The owner of the tower was the water company, Vitens, but since 2005 the municipality of Noordoostpolder has owned the tower.

A replica  of this watertower exists in Japan.

Emmeloord
Emmeloord (West Frisian: Emmeloard; Latin: Civitas Fortunae Emmeloordis)is the administrative centre of the municipality of Noordoostpolder, Flevoland, Netherlands. In 2019, it had a population of 26,055.
Putnam Museum
The Putnam Museum and Science Center, originally Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, is a museum of history and natural science with an interactive science center in Davenport, Iowa, United States. The museum was founded in 1867 and was one of the first museums west of the Mississippi River. It houses around 250,000 historical artifacts and specimens in its collections. It is located at 1717 West 12th Street, at the corner of Division Street and West 12th Street on "museum hill," near Fejervary Park. It is an affiliate of the Smithsonian Institution.

Quad Cities
The Quad Cities is a region of five cities in the U.S. states of Iowa and Illinois: Davenport and Bettendorf in southeastern Iowa, and Rock Island, Moline, and East Moline in northwestern Illinois. These cities are the center of the Quad Cities metropolitan area, a region within the Mississippi River Valley, which as of 2023, had a population estimate of 467,817 and a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) population of 474,019, making it the 90th-largest CSA in the nation.
Scincella melanosticta
Scincella melanosticta, also known as black ground skink or black-spotted smooth skink, is a species of skink in the genus of Scincella. It is found in Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, and possibly also in Laos.

Scincella
Scincella is a genus of lizards in the skink family, Scincidae, commonly referred to as ground skinks. The exact number of species in the genus is unclear, as taxonomic reclassification is ongoing, and sources vary widely. Scincella species primarily range throughout the temperate regions of the world and are typically small, fossorial lizards, which consume a wide variety of arthropods. They are a generalized insectivore with well developed chemosensory abilities.
Earlswood, Monmouthshire
Earlswood (Welsh: Coed-yr-iarll) is a rural area of scattered settlement in Monmouthshire, south east Wales, United Kingdom.  It is located five miles northwest of Chepstow, within the parish of Shirenewton and immediately east of the forested area of Wentwood.

Shirenewton
Shirenewton (Welsh: Drenewydd Gelli-farch) is a village and community in Monmouthshire, south east Wales.  It is located 3 miles due west of Chepstow, 5 miles (8 km) by road. The village stands around 500 feet (154 m) above sea level, and has extensive views of the Severn Estuary and Bristol Channel.
The population of the village and the conjoined village of Mynydd-bach was 657 in 2011.
Seymour (CDP), Eau Claire County, Wisconsin
Seymour is a census-designated place (CDP) in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,501 at the 2020 census, up from 1,418 at the 2010 census. It is located within the town of Seymour and is part of the Eau Claire urban area.

Eau Claire County, Wisconsin
Eau Claire County (/oʊˈklɛər/ ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 105,710. Its county seat is Eau Claire. The county took its name from the Eau Claire River.

Eau Claire County is included in the Eau Claire, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Eau Claire-Menomonie WI Combined Statistical Area.
Cyborg anthropology
Cyborg anthropology is a discipline that studies the interaction between humanity and technology from an anthropological perspective. The discipline offers novel insights on new technological advances and their effect on culture and society.

Posthumanism
Posthumanism or post-humanism (meaning "after humanism" or "beyond humanism") is an idea in continental philosophy and critical theory responding to the presence of anthropocentrism in 21st-century thought.
Jughead's Revenge
Jughead's Revenge is an American punk rock band. They originally formed in Los Angeles, California, United States, in 1989. To date, Jughead's Revenge has released six studio albums (the most recent being 1999's Pearly Gates). After 12 years of recording and touring extensively, Jughead's Revenge disbanded in 2001 due to a lawsuit with Archie Comics who owned the rights to fictional character Jughead Jones. The band reformed in 2009 and has continued to perform at a number of live shows since 2010, and as of 2018 the band is working on a new album.

The Thought Remains the Same
The Thought Remains The Same is a 2000 compilation album consisting of songs by bands on Nitro Records. The album was originally titled Deep Thoughts. Its title is a parody of the Led Zeppelin song "The Song Remains the Same".
Jack Hindon Medal
The Jack Hindon Medal, post-nominal letters JHM, is a South African military decoration which was instituted in the Republic of South Africa in 1970 and which was only in use until 1975. It was awarded to other ranks for diligent service in the Commandos, the rural defence component of the South African Defence Force.

Military Merit Medal (South Africa)
The Military Merit Medal, post-nominal letters MMM, is a military decoration which was instituted in the Republic of South Africa on 9 October 1974 as the Chief of the Defence Force's Commendation Medal. It could be awarded to all ranks of the South African Defence Force for service of a high order.
Strengthen the Arm of Liberty Monument (Overland Park, Kansas)
The Strengthen the Arm of Liberty Monument in Overland Park, Kansas, is a replica of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World). It was placed by the Boy Scouts of America as part of its 1950s era campaign, "Strengthen the Arm of Liberty".

Strengthen the Arm of Liberty
Strengthen the Arm of Liberty is the theme of the Boy Scouts of America's fortieth anniversary celebration in 1950. The campaign was inaugurated in 1949 with a dramatic ceremony held at the base of the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World). Approximately 200 BSA Statue of Liberty replicas were installed across the United States.
Tyler Morris
Tyler Morris (born November 18, 2003) is an American college football wide receiver for the Indiana Hoosiers. He previously played for the Michigan Wolverines, where he won a national championship in 2023.

J. J. McCarthy
Jonathan James McCarthy (born January 20, 2003) is an American professional football quarterback for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines, earning Big Ten Quarterback of the Year honors after leading the Wolverines to a 15–0 record and a national championship in 2023. In his three years at Michigan, the Wolverines won three Big Ten titles and made three College Football Playoff semifinal appearances. McCarthy finished with a 27–1 record (.964) in two seasons as a starting quarterback, the highest career winning percentage in NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) history. He was selected 10th overall by the Vikings in the 2024 NFL draft. After missing his entire rookie year due to injury, McCarthy became the starter in his second season.
Nawabs of Murshidabad
Nawab Bahadur of Murshidabad (Bengali: মুর্শিদাবাদের নবাব বাহাদুর), or simply Nawab of Murshidabad, was a hereditary title of Bengal akin to a Western peerage. They were direct descendants of the former nawabs of Bengal, who were the de facto rulers of Bengal, and inherited their estates and property. The inaugural holder was Hassan Ali Mirza. After the death of Waris Ali Mirza in 1969, the title was held in abeyance and later abolished. In August 2014, the Indian Supreme Court ruled that his nephew, Abbas Ali Meerza, was a rightful heir of the nawabs of Murshidabad.

Waris Ali Mirza
Sayyid Waris Ali Mirza Khan Bahadur (Bengali: ওয়ারিস আলী মির্জা; 14 November 1901 – 20 November 1969) was the last Nawab of Murshidabad before a prolonged interregnum caused by a succession dispute within the family that was only resolved in 2014 by the Indian Supreme Court. He succeeded his father, Wasif Ali Mirza.
Corentin of Quimper
Corentin of Quimper (Corentinus; in Breton, Kaourintin) (d. 460 AD) is a Breton saint. He was the first bishop of Quimper. Corentin was a hermit at Plomodiern and was regarded as one of the seven founding saints of Brittany. He is the patron saint of Cornouaille, Brittany, and is also the patron saint of seafood. His feast day is December 12.

Gradlon
Gradlon the Great (Gradlon Meur) was a semi-legendary 5th century "king" of Cornouaille who became the hero of many Breton folk stories. The most famous of these legends is the story of the sunken city of Ys. He is supposed to have been the son of Conan Meriadoc, but Conan lived much earlier in the late 4th Century.
Homoine District
Homoine District is a district of Inhambane Province in south-east Mozambique. Its principal town is Vila de Homoine. The district is located at the east of the province, and borders with Morrumbene District in the north, Jangamo District in the southeast, Inharrime District in the south, Panda District in the west, and Funhalouro District in the northwest. In the east, the district is bounded by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 1,891 square kilometres (730 sq mi). It has a population of 107.475 as of 2007.

Morrumbene District
Morrumbene District is a district of Inhambane Province in south-east Mozambique. Its principal town is Morrumbene. The district is located at the east of the province and borders with Massinga District in the north, Homoine District in the south, and with Funhalouro District in the west. In the east, the district is bounded by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 2,608 square kilometres (1,007 sq mi). In terms of the area, this is the biggest district of Inhambane Province. It has a population of 124,471 as of 2007.
Extended metaphor
An extended metaphor, also known as a conceit or sustained metaphor, is the use of a single metaphor or analogy at length in a work of literature. It differs from a mere metaphor in its length, and in having more than one single point of contact between the object described (the so-called tenor) and the comparison used to describe it (the vehicle). These implications are repeatedly emphasized, discovered, rediscovered, and progressed in new ways.

Literary device
In writing and speaking, a literary device, literary technique, rhetorical device, stylistic device, or trope is any deliberate strategy of using language that an author or orator employs to be more effective at achieving some purpose. This purpose may be: to focus or guide the audience's attention, to make the language or its content memorable, or to evoke a particular emotional, rational, aesthetic, or other response.

Literary devices are classifiable into sub-categories, such as narrative devices, poetic devices, argumentative devices, linguistic schemes or templates, or other techniques distinct to certain forms of language. They can be difficult to cleanly classify, however, as many are common across multiple such forms and can intersect under various categories, such as figures of speech.
Laura (Giorgione)
Laura, sometimes known as Portrait of a Young Bride, is a 1506 oil on canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance master Giorgione. It is the only known painting of the author that was signed and dated by him. This work marked Giorgione's abandonment of Giovanni Bellini's models to embrace a Leonardesque style. It hangs in the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, Austria.

Giorgione
Giorgio Barbarelli da Castelfranco (Venetian: Zorzi; 1470s – 17 September 1510), known as Giorgione, was an Italian painter of the Venetian school during the High Renaissance, who died in his thirties. He is known for the elusive poetic quality of his work, though only about six surviving paintings are firmly attributed to him. The uncertainty surrounding the identity and meaning of his work has made Giorgione one of the most mysterious figures in European art.

Together with his younger contemporary Titian, he founded the Venetian school of Italian Renaissance painting, characterised by its use of colour and mood. The school is traditionally contrasted with Florentine painting, which relied on a more linear disegno-led style.
Lawrence Wackett
Sir Lawrence James Wackett KBE, DFC, AFC (2 January 1896 – 18 March 1982) is widely regarded as "father of the Australian aircraft industry". He has been described as "one of the towering figures in the history of Australian aviation covering, as he did, virtually all aspects of activities: pilot, designer of airframes and engines, entrepreneur and manager". He was knighted for his services to aviation and was a winner of the Oswald Watt Gold Medal. He was also a keen angler and wrote two books on the subject.

Wackett Warrigal
The Warrigal I and II were Australian aircraft designed by Squadron Leader Lawrence James Wackett and built by the Experimental Section of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) at Randwick, New South Wales, during the late 1920s. They were both single-engined, two-seat biplanes of mixed wood and metal construction. The Warrigal I was the first aircraft designed and built in Australia to an official RAAF specification.
Huntington Desert Garden
The Huntington Desert Garden is part of The Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California. The Desert Garden is one of the world's largest and oldest collections of cacti, succulents and other desert plants, collected from throughout the world. It contains plants from extreme environments, many of which were acquired by Henry E. Huntington and William Hertrich (the garden's first curator) in trips taken to several countries in North, Central and South America.

Kroenleinia grusonii
Kroenleinia grusonii, popularly known as the golden barrel cactus, golden ball, "mother-in-law's cushion" or "mother-in-law's chair", is a species of barrel cactus which is endemic to east-central Mexico.
1964 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1964 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 14 June 1964. It was race 3 of 10 in both the 1964 World Championship of Drivers and the 1964 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.

Jim Clark gained a surprise victory, due to Dan Gurney running out of fuel while leading most of the race, Graham Hill retiring while leading on the last two laps, and had also just managed to hold off Bruce McLaren at the flag. This was also Clark's third consecutive victory in Belgium. Peter Revson was disqualified because he received a push start after his engine cut out.

1964 Formula One season
The 1964 Formula One season was the 18th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 15th World Championship of Drivers, the 7th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and eight non-championship races open to Formula One cars. The World Championship was contested over ten races between 10 May and 25 October 1964.

John Surtees won the Drivers' Championship with Scuderia Ferrari. It was his first and only title. Ferrari were also awarded the International Cup for F1 Manufacturers. It was their second title and the last until 1975.

Maurice Trintignant retired at the age of 46 after 15 seasons in F1. He was the last driver to have competed in the first World Championship season in 1950.

Dutch driver Carel Godin de Beaufort crashed during practice for the German Grand Prix and succumbed to his injuries the following day in hospital.
Ruatāhuna
Ruatāhuna is a small town in the remote country of Te Urewera, in the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is 90 kilometres directly west of Gisborne, and 18 kilometres northwest of Lake Waikaremoana. By road, it is 50 kilometres south-east of Murupara, and 110 kilometres north-west of Wairoa. It is on the upper reaches of the Whakatāne River, and surrounded on three sides by the Te Urewera protected area, formerly the Te Urewera National Park. The road that runs from Murupara through Ruatahuna to Āniwaniwa on Lake Waikaremoana, a large part of which is unsealed, used to be designated as part of State Highway 38. It is a subdivision of the Galatea-Murupara ward of the Whakatāne District.

Te Urewera
Te Urewera is an area of mostly forested, sparsely populated rugged hill country in the North Island of New Zealand, located inland between the Bay of Plenty and Hawke Bay. Te Urewera is the rohe (historical home) of Tūhoe, a Māori iwi (tribe) known for its stance on Māori sovereignty.

In 1954, a large area of Te Urewera was designated Te Urewera National Park by the New Zealand Government. In 2014 after a Waitangi Tribunal settlement with Tūhoe, the national park was disestablished and the former area was given environmental personhood. This area is now managed by Te Urewera Board, a body composed of both members who represent Tūhoe and the New Zealand Government.

Outside of the protected area, Te Urewera includes land administered as Whirinaki Te Pua-a-Tāne Conservation Park, Onekawa Te Mawhai Regional Park, customary private land owned by Tūhoe, the settlements of Ruatoki North, Waimana, Tāneatua, and privately owned land.
DFDS
DFDS is a Danish international shipping and logistics company. The company's name is an abbreviation of Det Forenede Dampskibs-Selskab (literally The United Steamship Company). DFDS was founded in 1866, when  C.F. Tietgen merged the three biggest Danish steamship companies of that day.

Although DFDS has generally concentrated on freight and passenger traffic on the North Sea and to the Baltic Sea, it has also operated freight services to the US, South America, and the Mediterranean in the past. Since the 1980s, DFDS's focus for shipping has been on northern Europe. Today, DFDS operates a network of 25 routes with 50 freight and passenger ships in the North Sea, Baltic Sea, and the English Channel under the name DFDS Seaways. The rail and land-based haulage and container activities are operated by DFDS Logistics. Overall, DFDS employed around 14,000 people as of 2024.

DFDS Seaways
DFDS Seaways is a Danish shipping company that operates passenger and freight services across northern Europe. Following the acquisition of Norfolkline in 2010, DFDS restructured its other shipping divisions (DFDS Tor Line and DFDS Lisco) into the previously passenger-only operation of DFDS Seaways.
Minuscule 652
Minuscule 652 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on parchment. It is designated by 652 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε1095 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 10th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with "an interesting textual character".: 48  Biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener labelled it as 875.

Family Π
Family Π is a group of New Testament manuscripts, and is one of the textual families which belongs to the majority Byzantine text-type. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie"), is drawn from the symbol used for the manuscript known as Codex Petropolitanus. One of the most distinctive of the Byzantine sub-groups, it is the third largest and has the oldest Byzantine manuscripts belonging to it.

Textual critic Hermann von Soden designated this group by the symbol Ka. According to him, its text is not purely Byzantine.