hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Schläfli symbol
In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form {p,q,r, ...}  that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

The Schläfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more than three dimensions and discovered all their convex regular polytopes, including the six that occur in four dimensions.

Pentagon
In geometry, a pentagon (from Greek  πέντε (pente) 'five' and  γωνία (gonia) 'angle') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon.  The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°.

A pentagon may be simple or self-intersecting. A self-intersecting regular pentagon (or star pentagon) is called a pentagram.
Dane Lloyd
Dane Lloyd MP (born February 16, 1991) is a Canadian politician who was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election on October 23, 2017, following the resignation of Rona Ambrose. Lloyd represents the constituency of Parkland as a member of the Conservative Party of Canada. Lloyd continues to serve as a Canadian Army reservist in the Governor General's Foot Guards located in Ottawa. As of 2024 he held a commission as an infantry officer with the rank of captain.

Sturgeon River—Parkland
Sturgeon River—Parkland was a federal electoral district in the Edmonton Capital Region of northern Alberta, Canada, and was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2015 to 2025. It was created in 2012 from the electoral districts of Edmonton—Spruce Grove (61%), Westlock—St. Paul (33%) and Yellowhead (6%).

It was essentially the suburban portion of Edmonton—Spruce Grove. That riding's MP, Rona Ambrose of the Conservative Party of Canada, opted to transfer there, and won easily. She was interim leader of the Tories, and hence Leader of the Opposition, until her resignation in May 2017. She retired from politics two months later, and Dane Lloyd easily retained it for the Conservatives in the by-election.
E2fsprogs
e2fsprogs (sometimes called the e2fs programs) is a set of utilities for maintaining the ext2, ext3 and ext4 file systems for the Linux kernel. Since those file systems are often the default for Linux distributions, it is commonly considered to be essential software.

Fsck
The system utility fsck (file system check) is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in Unix and Unix-like operating systems, such as Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD. The equivalent programs on MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows are CHKDSK, SFC, and SCANDISK.
Capped white-eye
The capped white-eye (Zosterops fuscicapilla) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is found in New Guinea. Its natural habitat is in subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It has a white eye ring, round wings, and strong legs. The capped white-eyes are sociable and live in large flocks. The Oya Tabu white-eye (Z. crookshanki) of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands was formerly considered a subspecies, but is now thought to be a distinct species.

Oya Tabu white-eye
The Oya Tabu white-eye (Zosterops crookshanki) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is native to the Fergusson and Goodenough islands (D'Entrecasteaux Islands). Its natural habitat is in subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. The Oya Tabu white-eye was formerly considered a subspecies of the capped white-eye (Zosterops fuscicapilla).
Mount Collinson
Mount Collinson (Chinese: 歌連臣山) is a mountain located in the far east of Hong Kong Island,  Hong Kong. The mountain has a sea level elevation of 348 m (1,142 ft).

It is situated within the Shek O Country Park, which has an area of 7.01 square kilometres (2.71 square miles). It is located in the southeastern corner of Hong Kong Island. There are 7 named peaks in the park, and Mount Collinson is the highest among them.

Shek O Country Park
Shek O Country Park is a 701-hectare rural marine park located on Shek O, Southern District, Hong Kong and facing the South China Sea. The park opened on 21 September 1979.

The park is popular for its Hiking trails. In 2004, Time Magazine Asia described one of the trails, the Dragon's Back, as the best urban hiking trail in Asia.

The spider species Uroballus carlei was discovered in Shek O Country park in 2019.
PSE Trail
The PSE Trail, also called the Puget Power Trail and the Redmond Powerline Trail, is an unpaved equestrian, pedestrian and mountain bike trail in Redmond, Washington.  It  links the Redmond Central Connector and Sammamish River Trail to Farrel-McWhirter Park.

The trail begins at the Redmond Central Connector. It passes by the Overlake Christian Church, and then over the Sammamish River. After meeting the Sammamish River Trail, it climbs Education Hill and crosses Route 202. It then descends down the hill and eventually reaches Farrel-McWhirter Park. There is a short gap in the trail after the park. The trail then crosses through the Redmond Watershed Preserve, before ending in Redmond Ridge.

The route is within the easement of the 230 kV Sammamish-Juanita transmission line. The line was once leased by Puget Sound Energy, but is owned by the Bonneville Power Administration.

Redmond Central Connector
The Redmond Central Connector is a 3.9-mile (6.3 km) paved rail trail and linear park in Redmond, Washington. It is a spur of the Eastside Rail Corridor, connecting the main Eastrail to downtown Redmond. The trail features art made from railroad tracks and signals.
Jack Mason (RAF airman)
Sergeant Jack Mason MM (1896–1968) was a British World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

In 1917, Mason was a Corporal in the Royal Flying Corps, serving as an observer/gunner in No. 11 Squadron, flying the Bristol F.2b two-seater fighter. His first aerial victory came on 8 June, with Captain Richard Raymond-Barker as his pilot, when he drove down out of control an Albatros D.III over Bohain. On 14 August, he drove down an Albatros D.V over Brebières, and on 21 October accounted for three D.Vs over Boiry–Lécluse, with pilot Lieutenant Ronald Mauduit on both occasions.

He gained his own flying licence and was credited with 5 aerial victories.

In November 1917, he was awarded the Military Medal.

During WW2, he again served at the Naval base in Londonderry, was involved in Operation Deadlight, and was awarded the Atlantic Star.

Richard Raymond-Barker
Richard Raymond-Barker, MC (6 May 1894 – 20 April 1918) was a British aviator and flying ace, credited with six aerial victories in the First World War. He was Manfred von Richthofen's penultimate victim.
Loveday Camp 9
Camp 9 was one of three main prisoner of war and internee camps in South Australia (the others being Loveday Camp 10 and Loveday Camp 14). All were located at Loveday, in Riverland, approximately 30 kilometres from Renmark, with Camp 9 approximately 8 kilometres from Barmera.

The camp (also known as Italian Internee Camp No. 9) could hold up to 1,000 people, detaining Italian civilian internees, and later Italian prisoners of war.

The camp began operations on 12 August 1940, and the first Italian POW arrived at the camp on 11 June 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. Many internees were released from the camp in 1944.

Loveday, South Australia
Loveday is a town and locality in the Riverland region of South Australia, located east of the Moorook Game Reserve, 6 km south-west of Barmera, and 30 km north-west of Loxton. Administratively it is part of the Berri Barmera Council LGA. During World War II, it housed the largest internment camp complex in Australia, with some 5,000 detainees.
Surčin railway station
Surčin railway station (Serbian: Железничка станица Сурчин) is a railway station of Belgrade railway junction. Located in Surčin, Belgrade, Serbia. Railroad continued to Batajnica in one, and Ostružnica in the other direction. Surčin railway station consists of 5 railway track.

Ostružnica railway station
Ostružnica railway station (Serbian: Железничка станица Остружница) is a railway station of Belgrade railway junction. Located in Ostružnica, Belgrade, Serbia. Railroad continued to Surčin in one, in the other direction to Belgrade marshalling yard "A", in third direction to Belgrade marshalling yard "B", in fourth direction to Jajinci and the fifth direction towards to Resnik. Ostružnica railway station railway station consists of 4 railway tracks.
Frederic Remington High School
Frederic Remington High School is a public secondary school in rural Butler County, Kansas between the cities of Whitewater and Potwin.  It is located north of K-196 highway, along the north side of the unincorporated community of Brainerd and southeast of the intersection of NW Meadowlark Rd and NW 90th St.  It is one of three schools operated by Remington USD 206 public school district.  This school is also commonly known as Remington High School as the shorter name, and Whitewater-Remington High School on KSHSAA sport lists.

Remington USD 206
Remington USD 206 is a public unified school district headquartered in Whitewater, Kansas, United States.  Depending on the historic use, it may also have the word "Whitewater" either before or after "Remington".  The district includes the communities of Whitewater, Potwin, Brainerd, Elbing, Furley, and nearby rural areas in Butler, Harvey, Sedgwick counties.
Maionia in Lydia
Maionia or Maeonia (Greek: Μαιονία), was a city of the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine era located near the Hermos River, in ancient Lydia. Both Ramsay and Talbert tentatively identified the ancient polis with the modern village of Koula (Turkish for fortress) a village known for its carpet manufacture.

The town is mentioned by Pliny the Elder, Hierocles, and in the Notitiae Episcopatuum. Several coins from Maionia exist. In antiquity the city was part of the Katakekaumene Decapolis of towns. Once the seat of a residential bishop, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Its site is located near Menye in Asiatic Turkey.

Katakekaumene
Katakekaumene or Catacecaumene (Greek: Κατακεκαυμένη) was a name for a district in Lydia (modern western Turkey), and a union of ten cities in the area, during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

The name means "burnt land" or "burnt country", referring to the pitch-black color of the lava and the dormant volcanic belt of Kula, which was first described by Strabo. Strabo reported that a place named Katakekaumene was the site of the mythological battle between Zeus and the giant Typhon.
Scotia Bay
Scotia Bay is a bay 4 km (2.5 mi) wide, lying immediately east of Mossman Peninsula on the south side of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands of Antarctica. It was discovered and roughly charted in the course of the joint cruise by Captain George Powell and Captain Nathaniel Palmer in 1821. It was surveyed in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William Speirs Bruce who named it for the expedition ship Scotia.

Laurie Island
Laurie Island is the second largest of the South Orkney Islands. The island is claimed by both Argentina as part of Argentine Antarctica, and by the United Kingdom as part of the British Antarctic Territory. Under the Antarctic Treaty System all sovereignty claims are suspended, as the island lies south of the parallel 60°. Buchanan Point at the north-eastern end of the island, with Cape Whitson on its south coast, are Important Bird Areas.
Carl Fredriksens Transport
Carl Fredriksens Transport was the code name for an operation during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany to help Jews and other persecuted Norwegians escape persecution, deportation, and murder in death camps.

The Holocaust in Norway
The German occupation of Norway began on 9 April 1940. In 1942, there were at least 2,173 Jews in Norway. At least 775 of them were arrested, detained and/or deported. More than half of the Norwegians who died in camps in Germany were Jews. 742 Jews were murdered in the camps and 23 Jews died as a result of extrajudicial execution, murder and suicide during the war, bringing the total of Jewish Norwegian dead to at least 765, comprising 230 complete households.

Many Jews survived by fleeing Norway, nearly two-thirds escaping. Of these, around 900 Jews were smuggled out of the country by the Norwegian resistance movement, mostly to Sweden but some also to the United Kingdom. Between 28 and 34 of those deported survived their continued imprisonment in camps (following their deportation)—and around 25 (of these) returned to Norway after the war. About 800 Norwegian Jews who had fled to Sweden returned after the war.
Tieshan, Huangshi
Tieshan District (simplified Chinese: 铁山区; traditional Chinese: 鐵山區; pinyin: Tiěshān Qū) is a district of the prefecture-level city of Huangshi, Hubei province, People's Republic of China. Small in area (28.7 square kilometres (11.1 sq mi)), it is squeezed between the "county-level city" Daye to the south and west, Huangshi's Xialu District to the east, and the prefecture-level city of Ezhou to the north. Physically, it is a small mining town.

As its name indicates ("Tieshan" means  "Iron Mountain"), the district owes its existence to  iron-ore mines.

The town is served by China National Highway 106, which also doubles as China National Highway 316 in this part of Hubei.

The only administrative direct subdivision is a town-simulating village (区直辖村模拟镇).

Huangshi
30°12′04″N 115°02′20″E﻿ / ﻿30.2011°N 115.0390°E﻿ / 30.2011; 115.0390

Huangshi (simplified Chinese: 黄石; traditional Chinese: 黃石; pinyin: Huángshí), alternatively romanized as Hwangshih, is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Hubei province, People's Republic of China.
Its population was 2,469,079 inhabitants at the 2020 census; 1,567,108 of whom lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of 4 urban districts plus the city of Daye, now being part of the agglomeration.
Sombor Monastery
The Sombor Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Сомбор, romanized: Manastir Sombor) is a Serb Orthodox monastery situated in the Bačka region, in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina. It is in the Sombor municipality. It was founded in 1928–1933.

Sombor
Sombor (Serbian Cyrillic: Сомбор, pronounced [sɔ̂ːmbɔr]; Hungarian: Zombor; Pannonian Rusyn: Зомбор, romanized: Zombor) is a city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total population of 41,814 (as of 2022), while its administrative area (including neighboring villages) has 70,818 inhabitants.
Connecticut Route 49
Route 49 is a Connecticut state highway from Route 2 in Stonington to Route 14A in Sterling, in the southeast part of the state. It is a scenic route that runs 21.74 miles (34.99 km) through the Pachaug State Forest.

Interstate 95 in Connecticut
Interstate 95 (I-95) is the main north–south Interstate Highway on the East Coast of the United States, running in a general east–west compass direction for 111.57 miles (179.55 km) in Connecticut, from the New York state line to the Rhode Island state line. I-95 from Greenwich to East Lyme is part of the Connecticut Turnpike, during which it passes through the major cities of Stamford, Bridgeport, and New Haven. After leaving the turnpike in East Lyme, I-95 is known as the Jewish War Veterans Memorial Highway and passes through New London, Groton, and Mystic, before exiting the state through North Stonington at the Rhode Island border and goes on.
Kutonen (TV channel)
Kutonen (Sixth) is a Finnish general entertainment channel that replaced the music-video oriented The Voice TV in September 2012. Kutonen is very closely related to its Danish counterpart 6'eren, sharing its visual branding and much programming with it, as well as having close strategic connections to other brands owned and operated by SBS in other European countries.

The Voice TV
The Voice TV is a network of music television channels owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media (formally SBS Broadcasting Group). Previously broadcast in Finland (2004-2012), Denmark (2004-2012), Norway (2004-2012) and Sweden (2004-2008). In October 2006 the channel began broadcasting in Bulgaria.
Uncle Sam
Uncle Sam is a common national personification of the United States, depicting the federal government or the country as a whole. Since the early 19th century, Uncle Sam has been a popular symbol of the U.S. government in American culture and a manifestation of patriotic emotion. Uncle Sam has also developed notoriety for his appearance in military propaganda, made popular in 1917 World War I recruiting poster by James Montgomery Flagg.

According to legend, the character came into use during the War of 1812 and may have been named after Samuel Wilson. The actual origin is obscure. The first reference to Uncle Sam in formal literature (as distinct from newspapers) was in the 1816 allegorical book The Adventures of Uncle Sam, in Search After His Lost Honor.

While the figure of Uncle Sam specifically represents the government, the female figure of Columbia represents the United States as a nation. An archaic character, Brother Jonathan, was known to represent the American populace.

The Adventures of Uncle Sam, in Search After His Lost Honor
The Adventures of Uncle Sam, in Search After his Lost Honor is an allegorical book published in 1816 written by Frederick Augustus Fidfaddy. The book was written in English and contains 162 pages. It was republished in 1971 by Liberty House, a division of Gregg Press, in Saddle River, New Jersey.
The book is a satire on the policies leading up to the War of 1812 and the events of that war, modeled after John Arbuthnot's 1712 The Law is a Bottomless Pit, and his immediately following History of John Bull. Albert Matthews, writing in the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society in 1908,  asserted that this book was the first use in literature (as distinct from newspapers) of the term Uncle Sam to personalise the United States.
Community development district
A community development district (CDD) is a local, special-purpose government framework authorized by Chapter 190  of the Florida Statutes as amended, and is an alternative to municipal incorporation for managing and financing infrastructure required to support development of a community.

The Villages, Florida
The Villages is a census-designated place (CDP) spanning Sumter, Marion, and Lake counties in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the central area of a larger master-planned, age-restricted community known as The Villages. Situated in central Florida, about 20 miles (32 km) south of Ocala and 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Orlando, the CDP had a population of 79,077 at the 2020 United States census. It is Part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford metropolitan statistical area.
Easthampton Public Schools
The Easthampton Public Schools district is the sole Public School District serving the city of Easthampton, Massachusetts. Administrated by superintendent Allison LeClair, the district serves grades PK–12 across 5 schools, including Easthampton High School. The district is governed by a seven-person, elected school committee, inclusive of the mayor who serves as a voting member.

Easthampton, Massachusetts
Easthampton is a city in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The city is in the Pioneer Valley, near the five colleges in the college towns of Northampton and Amherst. The population was 16,211 at the 2020 census.
Underwater sports
Underwater sports is a group of competitive sports using one or a combination of the following underwater diving techniques - breath-hold, snorkelling or scuba, usually including the use of equipment such as diving masks and fins. These sports are conducted in the natural environment at sites such as open water and sheltered or confined water such as lakes and in artificial aquatic environments such as swimming pools.  Underwater sports include the following - aquathlon (i.e. underwater wrestling),  finswimming, freediving, spearfishing, sport diving, underwater football, underwater hockey, underwater ice hockey, underwater orienteering, underwater photography, underwater rugby, underwater target shooting and underwater video.

Sport diving (sport)
Sport diving is an underwater sport that uses recreational open circuit scuba diving equipment and consists of a set of individual and team events conducted in a swimming pool that test the competitors' competency in recreational scuba diving techniques. The sport was developed in Spain during the late 1990s and is currently played mainly in Europe. It is known as Plongée Sportive en Piscine in French and as Buceo De Competición in Spanish.
Manasse ǃNoreseb
Manasse ǃNoreseb Gamab (also Manasse of Hoachanas, circa 1840–1 December 1905) was the thirteenth Kaptein of the Khaiǁkhaun (Red Nation), a subtribe of the Nama people in Namibia, between 1880 and 1905. At the start of Imperial Germany's colonisation of South-West Africa, Manasse was one of the most powerful leaders in the area.

Red Nation (Namibia)
The Red Nation (Khoekhoe: Khaiǁkhaun) is the main subtribe of the Nama people in Namibia and the oldest Nama group speaking Khoekhoegowab, the language often called Damara/Nama.

The main settlement of the Red Nation is Hoachanas, a small settlement in southern central Namibia, today part of the Hardap Region.
Abbegea
Abbegea (Dutch: Abbega) is a village in the Dutch province of Friesland. It is in the municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, about 6 km west of the city of Sneek. Abbegea had about 245 inhabitants in January 2017.

Súdwest-Fryslân
Súdwest-Fryslân (West Frisian pronunciation: [ˈsytʋɛst ˈfrislɔ̃ːn]; lit. 'Southwest Friesland') is a municipality in the northern Netherlands, located in the province of Friesland. It had a population of 89,999 in January 2021. Sneek is the municipal seat. With a total area of 841.56 km2, Southwest-Friesland is the largest municipality by area in the Netherlands.
Šerkšnys
The Šerkšnys, or Šerkšnė, is a river of Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. The 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) long river has a basin area of 35 km2 (14 sq mi). The Šerkšnys flows into the Nevėžis, a tributary of the Neman.

The Šerkšnys begins near Nociūnai village and flows westwards in the Kėdainiai Industrial Zone surroundings. The Šerkšnys meets the Nevėžis from the left, next to Paobelys village.

The hydronym is derived from Lithuanian adjective šerkšnas ('hoar, hoary, greyish').

Paobelys
Paobelys (Paobelė, formerly Russian: Поабель, Polish: Poabele) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality of Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village residents numbered 293. It is located by the southeastern edge of Kėdainiai city, by the confluence of the Obelis and Nevėžis rivers, next to the crossroad of the Jonava-Šeduva (KK144) and Kėdainiai-Babtai roads. The Šerkšnys river passes through the village.
Thomas Knowlton
Thomas W. Knowlton (November 22, 1740 – September 16, 1776) was an American patriot who served in the French and Indian War and was a lieutenant colonel during the American Revolution.  Knowlton is considered America's first Intelligence professional, and his unit, Knowlton's Rangers, gathered intelligence during the early Revolutionary War.  Knowlton was killed in action at the Battle of Harlem Heights.

Knowlton's Rangers
Knowlton's Rangers was an elite light infantry unit's detachment of the Continental Army that specialized in espionage and reconnaissance in dangerous areas. It was established by George Washington in 1776 and was named after its commander, Thomas Knowlton.