hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Klas Pontus Arnoldson
Klas Pontus Arnoldson (27 October 1844 – 20 February 1916) was a Swedish author, journalist, politician, and committed pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908 with Fredrik Bajer. He was a founding member of the Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society and a Member of Parliament in the second Chamber of 1882–1887.

Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society
The Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society (SPAS) (Swedish: Svenska freds- och skiljedomsföreningen) is a non-governmental organization in Sweden, dedicated to peace, disarmament and democratization. It operates by methods including publishing, lobbying, activism and participating in political debates. SPAS has published an array of books and reports. The name of the organization's member's magazine is Pax. SPAS' central office is situated in Stockholm, headed by current president Agnes Hellström. However, there are about 20 local branches throughout Sweden. The society has a total of about 8500 members.
Pandan Indah
Pandan Indah (Jawi: ڤندن اينده; Chinese: 班登英达) is a major township in Ampang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.  It is located between Ampang proper and Cheras.

Pandan Indah has the basic facilities of a modern Malaysian township - it has a police station, a fire station, a primary and a secondary school and two neighbourhood shopping malls - Pandan Kapital and MidPoint Shopping Complex.

Kuala Lumpur Middle Ring Road 2
Kuala Lumpur Middle Ring Road 2 (MRR2 or Kuala Lumpur Middle Ring Road 2 Scheme), Federal Route 28, is a ring road built by the Malaysian Public Works Department (JKR) to connect neighborhoods near the boundary of Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. Altogether, the 65.0 km (40.4 mi) of the entire system consists of Federal Route 28, E11 Damansara–Puchong Expressway (from Sri Damansara Interchange to Sunway Interchange) and E5 Shah Alam Expressway (from Sunway Interchange to Sri Petaling Interchange). However, the Kuala Lumpur Middle Ring Road 2 is generally referred to as Route 28 since Route 28 occupies about two-thirds of the system.
Eric Woodfin Naylor
Eric Woodfin Naylor (December 6, 1936 – September 16, 2019) was an American Hispanist, scholar and educator.

Naylor was born in Union City, Tennessee. He completed his undergraduate work at The University of the South and a PhD at University of Wisconsin. At Wisconsin, he began studying El libro de buen amor. He continued studying it and has conducted paleography on the original text. He was a professor emeritus of The University of the South where he served as William R. Kenan Professor of Spanish.

In 2013, he and Professor Jerry R. Rank published a translation and discussion of Alfonso Martínez de Toledo's Arcipreste de Talavera. Naylor and Rank's work was titled The Archpriest of Talavera: Dealing with the Vices of Wicked Women and the Complexions of Men and it was reviewed in The Medieval Review and La corónica: A Journal of Medieval Hispanic Languages, Literatures, and Cultures.

Naylor died on September 16, 2019.

Hispanism
Hispanism (sometimes referred to as Hispanic studies or Spanish studies) is the study of the literature and culture of the Spanish-speaking world, principally that of Spain and Hispanic America. It may also entail studying Spanish language and cultural history in the United States and in other presently or formerly Spanish-speaking countries in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific, such as Equatorial Guinea and the former Spanish East Indies.

A hispanist is a scholar specializing in Hispanicism. It was used in an article by Miguel de Unamuno in 1908 referring to 'el hispanista italiano Farinelli', and was discussed at length for the U.S. by Hispanist Richard L. Kagan of Johns Hopkins University. The work carried out by Hispanists includes translations of literature and they may specialize in certain genres, authors or historical periods of the Iberian Peninsula and Hispanic America, etc.
Gabsheim
Gabsheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Wörrstadt, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.

Wörrstadt (Verbandsgemeinde)
Wörrstadt is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district Alzey-Worms, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Wörrstadt.

The Verbandsgemeinde Wörrstadt consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):

Armsheim

Ensheim

Gabsheim

Gau-Weinheim

Partenheim

Saulheim

Schornsheim

Spiesheim

Sulzheim

Udenheim

Vendersheim

Wallertheim

Wörrstadt

49°50′35″N 8°06′58″E﻿ / ﻿49.843°N 8.116°E﻿ / 49.843; 8.116
Bfb Da Packman
Tyree Jawan Thomas (born June 2, 1995), known professionally as Bfb Da Packman, is an American rapper. He became known with his 2020 single "Free Joe Exotic" (with Sada Baby), which gained 10 million views on YouTube in six weeks.

Free Joe Exotic
"Free Joe Exotic" is a song by American rapper Bfb Da Packman featuring American rapper Sada Baby. It was released on June 7, 2020 as the second single from Bfb Da Packman's debut studio album Fat Niggas Need Love Too (2021). It became a viral sensation upon its release and his breakout hit.
David Rall
David Platt Rall (August 3, 1926 – September 28, 1999)  was a cancer specialist and a leader in environmental health studies, whose work in environmental health helped turn it into a scientific discipline.  Rall also advanced public health and prevention. He directed the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences from 1971 to 1990, year in which he retired.  His work on toxicology and carcinogenesis was recognized by his appointment as the first director of the National Toxicology Program in 1978. He held the rank of Assistant Surgeon General in the United States Public Health Service.  He also chaired the World Health Organization's Program on Chemical Safety.

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) conducts research into the effects of the environment on human disease, as one of the 27 institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).  It is located in the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina, and is the only primary division of the NIH located outside of the Washington metropolitan area.

As an institute of the National Institutes of Health, the NIEHS supports environmental health research with the mission of reducing environmental disease, advancing basic, environmental health and clinical science, and increasing the availability of researcher and worker training.
Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Brussels
The Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Brussels (French: Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles [akademi ʁwajal de boz‿aʁ də bʁysɛl] (ArBA-EsA); Dutch: Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten van Brussel [ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˌaːkaːˈdeːmi voːr ˈsxoːnə ˈkʏnstə(ɱ) vɑm ˈbrʏsəl]) is an art school in Brussels, Belgium, founded in 1711. Starting from modest beginnings in a single room in Brussels' Town Hall, it has since 1876 been operating from a former convent and orphanage in the Rue du Midi/Zuidstraat, which was converted by the architect Victor Jamaer. The school has played an important role in training leading local artists.

Alfred Verhaeren
Alfred Verhaeren (Brussels, 8 October 1849 – Ixelles, 10 February 1924) was a Belgian painter known for his portraits, interior scenes, architectural paintings and still lifes.  He participated in the second wave of Belgian Realism and was later influenced by Impressionism.
Column I
Column I is a 1983–1984 stainless steel sculpture by James Rosati, installed on the Stanford University campus in Stanford, California, United States. The 30-foot (9.1 m) abstract artwork was installed to commemorate Albert Elsen, an art history professor at Stanford for more than 25 years, who died in 1995. Elsen appreciated Column I and wanted the piece in Stanford's collection, but was unable to acquire the artwork before his death.

Stanford University Museum of Art's Lyn Cox said, "[The sculpture] has a good conversation with the palm trees around it. The palm trees say something about calmness and peacefulness in their own way, and 'Column I' responds in a similar but different way, resonating with them."

James Rosati
James Rosati (1911 in Washington, Pennsylvania 1911 – 1988 in New York City) was an American abstract sculptor. He is best known for creating an outdoor sculpture in New York: a  stainless steel Ideogram that was located in the World Trade Center Plaza.
Andrzej Gawroński (bishop)
Andrzej Gawroński (30 November 1740 – 7 April 1813) was a Jesuit clergyman and educator. He was Bishop of Kraków from 1805 to 1813.

Gawroński's education was in astronomy and physics. During Stanisław August Poniatowski's reign, Gawroński was involved with the Commission of National Education, which functioned as the education ministry of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. During his educational career, Gawroński translated French works into Polish and authored Geometryję i Arytmetykę. He also worked as a lector for Poniatowski. He was then made Bishop of Kraków after 1804.

Gawroński died on April 7, 1813.

Commission of National Education
The Commission of National Education (Polish: Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, KEN, Lithuanian: Edukacinė komisija) was the central educational authority in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, created by the Sejm and King Stanisław II August on October 14, 1773. Because of its vast authority and autonomy, it is considered the first education ministry in European history and an important achievement of the Polish Enlightenment.
The Legend (TV series)
The Legend (Korean: 태왕사신기; lit. The Chronicles of the First King and the Four Spirits) is a 2007 South Korean historical fantasy television series, starring Bae Yong-joon, Lee Ji-ah, Moon So-ri and Choi Min-soo. Directed by Kim Jong-hak and written by Song Ji-na, it aired on MBC from September 11 to December 5, 2007, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 24 episodes.

Loosely based on the legend of Dangun and Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo, the story also adds mythical elements of the Four Symbols depicted in fantasy form as the four guardians who serve the king of Jyushin. Bae was paid ₩250 million per episode, the highest salary to date for a Korean drama actor.

Song Ji-na
Song Ji-na (born September 12, 1959) is a South Korean screenwriter. She is best known for writing Eyes of Dawn (1991) and Sandglass (1995), two of the most influential and highly rated Korean dramas of all time.
2026 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF Group I
The 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF Group I was a CAF qualifying group for the 2026 FIFA World Cup. The group contained Mali, Ghana, Madagascar, Central African Republic, Comoros and Chad.

The group winners, Ghana, directly qualified for the World Cup. The group runners-up, Madagascar, were eliminated as one of the five worst runners-up.

Comoros national football team
The Comoros national football team represents the Comoros in international football and is controlled by the Comoros Football Federation. It was formed in 1979, joined the Confederation of African Football (CAF) in 2003, and became a FIFA member in 2005. Comoros qualified for their first major tournament in 2021, after their 0–0 draw with Togo assured them of a place in the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations.
Manhattan Chess Club
The Manhattan Chess Club in Manhattan, New York City was the second-oldest chess club in the United States (next to the Mechanics' Institute Chess Club in San Francisco) before it closed. The club was founded in 1877 and started with three dozen men, eventually increasing to hundreds, with women allowed as members from 1938. The club moved to several locations over the years. It closed in 2002.

Arnold Denker
Arnold Sheldon Denker (February 21, 1914 – January 2, 2005) was an American chess player and author. He was U.S. champion in 1944 and 1946. In later years he served in various chess organizations, receiving recognition from the United States Chess Federation, including in 2004 the highest honor, "Dean of American Chess".
Model collapse
Model collapse is a phenomenon noted in artificial intelligence studies, where machine learning models gradually degrade due to errors coming from uncurated synthetic data, or training on the outputs of another model, such as prior versions of itself. It is unclear to what extent the phenomenon threatens the long-term development of such models, and some techniques have been proposed to mitigate the effect.

Synthetic data
Synthetic data are artificially generated data not produced by real-world events. Typically created using algorithms, synthetic data can be deployed to validate mathematical models and to train machine learning models.

Data generated by a computer simulation can be seen as synthetic data. This encompasses most applications of physical modeling, such as music synthesizers or flight simulators. The output of such systems approximates the real thing, but is fully algorithmically generated.

Synthetic data is used in a variety of fields as a filter for information that would otherwise compromise the confidentiality of particular aspects of the data. In many sensitive applications, datasets theoretically exist but cannot be released to the general public; synthetic data sidesteps the privacy issues that arise from using real consumer information without permission or compensation.
Harnett Regional Jetport
Harnett Regional Jetport (ICAO: KHRJ, FAA LID: HRJ) is a county-owned public-use airport in Harnett County, North Carolina, United States. The airport is located four nautical miles (7 km) northwest of the central business district of Erwin. It was formerly known as Harnett County Airport.

Although many U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this facility is assigned HRJ by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA. The airport's ICAO identifier is KHRJ.

Erwin, North Carolina
Erwin is a town that is located in the eastern part of Harnett County, North Carolina, United States, located approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) from Dunn and approximately 20 miles (32 km) from Fayetteville. The city is a part of the Dunn, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is additionally a part of the greater Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC CSA, according to the United States Census Bureau. Currently, the city has a population of 5,270 as of the 2020 census. Its current mayor is Randy Baker, who has been the mayor since being elected on May 17, 2022.
The Noble Fisherman
The Noble Fisherman, also known as Robin Hood's Preferment and Robin Hood's Fishing, is a 17th-century ballad of Robin Hood.  Unusually, it depicts Robin Hood as a hero of the sea, rather than his usual portrayal as someone who operated in the greenwood forest.  It seems to have been quite popular for the first two centuries of its existence, although it eventually lost prominence and was less used in adaptations of Robin Hood from the 19th and 20th centuries.  It was later published by Francis James Child in the 1880s as Child Ballad #148 in his influential collection of popular ballads.

Robin Hood's Bay in the Borough of Scarborough may have been an inspiration for the writer of the ballad.

Robin Hood's Bay
Robin Hood's Bay is a village in North Yorkshire, England. It is 6 miles (10 km) south of Whitby and 15 miles (24 km) north of Scarborough on the Yorkshire Coast. Robin Hood's Bay is a tourist destination in the North York Moors National Park.

It is an ancient chapelry of Fylingdales in the wapentake of Whitby Strand. It is on the Cleveland Way national trail and also the end point of Wainwright's Coast to Coast route.
Greenwich Concours d'Elégance
The Greenwich Concours d'Elegance is an annual event in June that has been held since 1996 in Greenwich, Connecticut. The event is a Concours d'Elegance that features classic American and European vintage cars that are entered in a judging competition. The event includes classic car parades over 3 days. The event often includes American muscle cars, very early American cars, luxury cars of all years, and rare European cars.

Collectible car insurance company Hagerty became the organizer in 2019.

Hagerty (insurance)
Hagerty, Inc. is an American automotive lifestyle and membership company, as well as the world's largest provider of specialty insurance for classic vehicles. Hagerty is based in Traverse City, Michigan and also operates in Canada, Germany and the United Kingdom.
Just Like You (Falling in Reverse album)
Just Like You is the third studio album by American rock band Falling in Reverse. The album had a full stream uploaded to Falling in Reverse's website on February 17, 2015, and was later officially released through Epitaph Records on February 24, 2015. It is the last album to feature lead guitarist Jacky Vincent who announced his departure in late 2015 and would be replaced by Christian Thompson. The album featured the return of the band's former sound after their previous album, Fashionably Late, had a mix of rock and rap. The album is the first to be recorded without an official bassist, with Charles Kallaghan Massabo playing bass on the record.

Jacky Vincent
Jack Casey Vincent (born 23 January 1989) is a British guitarist. He was the lead guitarist of the American post-hardcore band Falling in Reverse from its formation in 2008 until his departure in 2015. After his departure, he founded power metal band Cry Venom. Since then, Vincent has concentrated on his solo career and teaching. He has two solo albums: Star X Speed Story, came third in the Guitar World 2013 readers poll for Best Shred album, and Life Imitating Art released in 2018. Vincent won the Alternative Press Guitarist of the Year award in 2012 and came third in the Guitar World "Best Shredder" readers pool awards in 2013.
Lickey Incline
The Lickey Incline, south of Birmingham, is the steepest sustained main-line railway incline in Great Britain.  The climb is a gradient of 1 in 37.7 (2.65% or 26.5‰ or 1.52°) for a continuous distance of two miles (3.2 km). Constructed originally for the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway (B&GR) and opened in 1840, it is located on the modern Cross Country Route between Barnt Green and Bromsgrove stations in Worcestershire.

In earlier times many trains required the assistance of banking locomotives with associated logistical considerations to ensure that the train reached the top; now only the heaviest of freight trains require such assistance.

Cross Country Route
The Cross Country Route is a long-distance railway route in England, which runs from Bristol Temple Meads to York via Birmingham New Street, Derby, Sheffield and Leeds or Doncaster. Inter-city services on the route, which include some of the longest passenger journeys in the UK such as Aberdeen to Plymouth, are operated by CrossCountry.

It is classed as a high-speed line because its sections from Birmingham to Wakefield Westgate and from Leeds to York have a speed limit of 125 mph (200 km/h); however, the section from Birmingham to Bristol is limited to 100 mph (160 km/h) because of numerous level crossings, especially half-barrier level crossings, and the section from Wakefield to Leeds has the same limit because of a number of curves.
Yeh Hai Aashiqui
Yeh Hai Aashiqui (transl. This is love) is an Indian Hindi-language television romance anthology series that premiered on 25 August 2013 on Bindass. It presents dramatisations of the real life love stories created by Vikas Gupta.  The show went off air on 7 August 2016 with 4 seasons and 153 episodes.

The title track of the series is written by Abhiruchi Chand and composed by Abhishek Arora. The fourth season's title track is sung by Mohit Chauhan and Neeti Mohan.

Mansi Srivastava
Mansi Srivastava (born 21 September 1990) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Hindi television. She is widely recognised for her portrayal of Bhavya Rathore Singh Oberoi in Ishqbaaaz and its spin-off series, Dil Boley Oberoi.

Srivastava made her acting debut in 2012 with Suvreen Guggal – Topper of The Year and had her first lead role as Shivani Rana Seharia in Do Dil Bandhe Ek Dori Se. She is also known for playing Prerna Bhardwarj in Sasural Simar Ka, Sonakshi Raichand in Kundali Bhagya and Dimpi Dalmiya in Saavi Ki Savaari. In 2020, she made her web debut with Ratri Ke Yatri and has appeared in the series, Swaanng.
2013 African U-17 Women's World Cup qualification
The 2013 African U-17 Women's World Cup Qualifying Tournament was the 4th edition of the African U-17 Women's World Cup Qualifying Tournament, the biennial international youth football competition organised by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) to determine which women's under-17 national teams from Africa qualify for the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.

The tournament was  played on a home and away knockout basis. 10 teams entered the competition. The pairings were released in late June 2013.
The first round's many withdrawal of teams was openly criticised by FIFA.

The top three teams of the tournament Ghana, Nigeria and Zambia qualified for the 2014 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup in Costa Rica as the CAF representatives.

Nigeria women's national under-17 football team
Nigeria women's national under-17 football team, also nicknamed the Flamingoes  is a youth association football team operated under the auspices of Nigeria Football Federation. Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior Nigeria women's national football team. The team competes in the biennial FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup and African U-17 Women's World Cup qualification, which are the top competitions for this age group.
Rashidun army
The Rashidun army (Arabic: جيش الراشدين) was the core of the Rashidun Caliphate's armed forces during the early Muslim conquests in the 7th century. The army is reported to have maintained a high level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization, granting them successive victories in their various campaigns.

In its time, the Rashidun army was a very powerful and effective force. The three most successful generals of the army were Khalid ibn al-Walid, who conquered Persian Mesopotamia and the Roman Levant, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, who also conquered parts of the Roman Levant, and Amr ibn al-As, who conquered Roman Egypt. The army was a key component in the Rashidun Caliphate's territorial expansion and served as a medium for the early spread of Islam into the territories it conquered.

Abd Allah ibn Amir
Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿĀmir ibn Kurayz or `Abd Allah ibn `Amir for short (Arabic: أبو عبد الرحمن عبد الله بن عامر بن كريز; 626–678) was a Rashidun Caliphate politician and general. He served as the Governor of Basra from 647 to 656 AD during the reign of Rashidun Caliph Uthman ibn Affan, his cousin. He oversaw campaigns to reconquer and pacify former territories of the Sasanian Empire (present-day Iran and Afghanistan).
The First Step (song)
"The First Step" is a song written by Doug Crider and Verlon Thompson, and recorded by American country music artist Tracy Byrd.  It was released in November 1994 as the third single from the album No Ordinary Man.  The song reached number 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Tracy Byrd
Tracy Lynn Byrd (born December 17, 1966) is an American country music artist. Signed to MCA Nashville Records in 1992, Byrd broke through on the country music scene that year with his 1993 single "Holdin' Heaven", which reached Number One on Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks. Although he did not land a second Number One until 2002's "Ten Rounds with Jose Cuervo", Byrd has charted more than thirty hit singles in his career, including eleven additional Top Ten hits. He has also released ten studio albums and two greatest-hits albums, with four gold certifications and one double-platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America. He was the on-air spokesman for the TNN Outdoors block from 1998 to 2000.