hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Narasinghpur
Narasinghpur is a town and Notified Area Council in Cuttack district in the Indian state of Odisha.

Narasinghpur is named after its discoverer Narasingh who was later overthrown by Sri Mandardhar Harichandana Mohapatra. The small town has its own magnificent history. The local deity of the land is goddess Pragala.

Cuttack district
Cuttack district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in India. It is located in the coastal part of the state and its administrative headquarters are located in the city of Cuttack. As of 2011 Census, after Ganjam, it is the second most populous district of Odisha, with a population of 2,624,470. The name is an anglicized form of Kataka or Katak meaning Fort – referring to the Barabati Fort. The district is bisected by the river Mahanadi and its numerous distributaries and occupies a large portion of the river's delta. It is bounded by the Angul, Dhenkanal, Nayagarh and Khurda districts to the west while its southern and eastern boundaries touch Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur districts.
Lobar pneumonia
Lobar pneumonia is a form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space resulting in consolidation that affects a large and continuous area of the lobe of a lung.

It is one of three anatomic classifications of pneumonia (the other being bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia). In children round pneumonia develops instead because the  pores of Kohn which allow the lobar spread of infection are underdeveloped.

Hepatization of lungs
Hepatization of the lungs is an old name for changes to the visual appearance of the lungs so that they resemble the liver.  This happens when they are gorged with effuse matter and are no longer pervious to the air.  The main cause is lobar pneumonia.  Hepatization appears in ultrasounds as consolidations.

Red hepatization is the presence of red blood cells, neutrophils, and fibrin in the pulmonary alveolus/alveoli.  The texture of the lungs changes, and, unlike healthy lungs, they no longer float if placed in a bowl of water.

Red hepatization may precede or be found in combination with gray hepatization, where the red cells have been broken down, leaving a fibrinosuppurative exudate.

Yellow hepatization is uncommon due to treatment with antibiotics, but it may occasionally be seen, e.g., during an autopsy.

Transformation from red hepatization to gray hepatization is an example for acute inflammation turning into a chronic inflammation.
St Martin's Church, Næstved
St Martin's Church (Danish: Sankt Mortens Kirke) is located in Næstved on the Danish island of Sealand. It is one of the city's medieval churches. Known from records since approximately 1280, it is believed to have been built and put into service around 1200. The building was constructed as the city's parish church. It is dedicated to St Martin of Tours considered its patron saint. It is one of the five Church of Denmark churches in Næstved; the other four are the St Peter's Church, St John's Church, Herlufsholm Church and Holsted Church. St Martin's Church and St Peter's Church are located on perpendicular streets, the former situated on Riddergade, while the latter is on Kobmagergade.

Næstved
Næstved (Danish pronunciation: [ˈnestve̝ð]) is a town in the municipality of the same name, located in the southern part of the island of Zealand in Denmark.

Næstved has several adult education centers, five elementary schools - and has at least one of each type of the four upper-second-level education centers. The city has the largest high school in Denmark, Næstved Gymnasium & HF.
Ballard, Portloman
Ballard is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 5.15 kilometres (3 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Ballard is one of 8 townlands of the civil parish of Portloman in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 440.34 acres (1.7820 km2). The neighbouring townlands are: Portloman to the north, Tullaghan to the east and south, Walshestown North to the south, Ballyboy to the west and Lugnagullagh and Scurlockstown to the north–west. The north–eastern boundary of the townland is formed by the shoreline of Lough Owel and the small island of Browns or Grania's Island.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 5 houses and 23 inhabitants in the townland.

Walshestown North
Walshestown North is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 4.64 kilometres (3 mi) west–north–west of Mullingar.

Walshestown North is one of 64 townlands of the civil parish of Mullingar in the barony of Moyashel and Magheradernon in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 333.28 acres (1.3487 km2). The neighbouring townlands are: Ballard to the north, Tullaghan to the east, Walshestown South to the south, Slane More to the west and Ballyboy to the north–west. The Ordnance Survey map, produced at the time of the Griffith's Valuation survey of Ireland (completed in 1869), shows a small triangular parcel of Walshestown North land, about 20 acres (0.081 km2), detached from the main townland and situated between the neighbouring townlands of Walshestown South and Irishtown.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 11 houses and 52 inhabitants in the townland.
Garrett Smithley
Garrett Kirk Smithley (born April 27, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 0 Chevrolet Camaro SS for SS-Green Light Racing with BRK Racing. He has previously competed in the NASCAR Cup Series, NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and ARCA Menards Series.

MBM Motorsports
Motorsports Business Management LLC, operating as MBM Motorsports, Garage 66, Power Source, and sometimes known as Carl Long Motorsports, is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the NASCAR Cup Series, NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and ARCA Menards Series. MBM was co-owned and operated by Long and driver Derek White until early 2016, with full operation of the team being taken by Long and his family after White was arrested on smuggling charges.

In the NASCAR Cup Series, the team fields the No. 66 part-time for multiple drivers. In the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, the team fields the No. 69 part-time for multiple drivers. In the ARCA Menards Series the team fields the No. 66 part-time for Derek White. They have also competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series in the past.
Pteridales
The Pteridales were an order of ferns that have their sori in linear strips under the edge of the leaf tissue, usually with the edge of the lamina reflexed over.

This order was reduced to the family Pteridaceae under the Smith classification of 2006, a position maintained in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).

Pteridaceae
Pteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales, including some 1150 known species in ca 45 genera (depending on taxonomic opinions), divided over five subfamilies.  The family includes four groups of genera that are sometimes recognized as separate families: the adiantoid, cheilanthoid, pteridoid, and hemionitidoid ferns. Relationships among these groups remain unclear, and although some recent genetic analyses of the Pteridales suggest that neither the family Pteridaceae nor the major groups within it are all monophyletic, as yet these analyses are insufficiently comprehensive and robust to provide good support for a revision of the order at the family level.
Casamassima
Casamassima (Barese: Casamàsseme) is a town and comune of 19,786 inhabitants in the Metropolitan City of Bari, in Apulia, southern Italy. Is also called "The Blue Town". The town is located inland from the Italian coastline, thrives and is built on agriculture, primarily that of wine, olives and almond production. Founded around the seventh and eighth centuries, the village started as a Roman encampment, according to legend.

Acquaviva delle Fonti
Acquaviva delle Fonti (Barese: Iacquavìve [jakːwaˈviːvə]; known as just Acquaviva until 1863) is a town and comune of 20,446 inhabitants, in the Metropolitan City of Bari, in Apulia, Italy. Acquaviva is famous for its characteristic red onions, which have been awarded the DOP mark. The main monuments are the Palazzo de Mari (now the town hall), the Co-Cathedral of Sant'Eustachio and the ancient village. The town is located on the Murge plateau at an elevation of 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level, and is 26 kilometres (16 mi) from the Adriatic Sea and Bari, which is the biggest city of the region. The Ionian Sea is more than 45 kilometres (28 mi) to the south.

The Ospedale generale regionale Francesco Miulli in Acquaviva is one of the biggest hospitals in southern Italy, with a wide range of surgical departments and a center for the treatment of rare diseases.
Gaumont-British
The Gaumont-British Picture Corporation was a British company that produced and distributed films and operated a cinema chain in the United Kingdom. It was established in 1898 as an offshoot of France's Gaumont. In 1941 it became part of The Rank Organisation and was merged into The Rank Organisation in 1962.

Gainsborough Pictures
Gainsborough Pictures was a British film studio based on the south bank of the Regent's Canal, in Poole Street, Hoxton, London. Gainsborough Studios was active between 1924 and 1951. The company was initially based at Islington Studios, which were built as a power station for the Great Northern & City Railway and later converted to studios.

Other films were made at Lime Grove and Pinewood Studios. The former Islington studio was converted to flats in 2004 and a London Borough of Hackney historical plaque is attached to the building. The studio is best remembered for the Gainsborough melodramas it produced in the 1940s.

Gainsborough Pictures is now owned by Gregory Motton.
Ulrich of Seckau
Ulrich of Seckau (died July 1268) was the bishop of Seckau (1243–1268, as Ulrich I) and archbishop of Salzburg (1257–1265). He was opposed as archbishop by Philip of Spanheim and never effectively controlled the diocese.

Philip of Spanheim
Philip of Spanheim (also Philip of Sponheim; died 22 July 1279) was a 13th century bishop who was

elected Archbishop of Salzburg (1247–1257) and Patriarch of Aquileia (1269–1271). He held the title of a Count of Lebenau (1254–1279) and was nominal Duke of Carinthia. With his death the senior line of the House of Sponheim came to an end.
Ithaca Hours
The Ithaca HOUR was a local currency used in Ithaca, New York. It's no longer in active circulation. It was one of the longest-running local currency systems, having operated from 1991 into the 2010s, and inspired other similar systems in Madison, Wisconsin; Santa Barbara, California;
Corvallis, Oregon; and a proposed system in the Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania.  One Ithaca HOUR was valued at US$10 and was generally recommended to be used as payment for one hour's work, although the rate is negotiable.

Alternatives Federal Credit Union
Alternatives Federal Credit Union (AFCU) is an American credit union based in Ithaca, New York. It was founded in 1979 and is focused is on providing low cost services to small businesses, low income households and non-profit organizations.
Munidopsidae
Munidopsidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Decapoda. The Munidopsids are the deepest-dwelling family of superfamily Galatheoidea, which comprises families Galatheidae, Munididae, Munidopsidae, and Porcellanidae.

Munidopsids are one of the most common types of decapod found in abyssal zones, and have been found occupying active hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. Munidopsids reside from slope to abyssal floor, save for the species M. polymorpha, which can be found in submarine caves as shallow as 2 meters below sea level. They are commonly referred to as squat lobsters.

As of 2008, 224 species of Munidopsids have been catalogued: 71 in the Atlantic, 132 in the Pacific, and 50 in the Indian Ocean.

Galatheoidea
The Galatheoidea are a superfamily of decapod crustaceans comprising the porcelain crabs and some squat lobsters. Squat lobsters within the three families of the superfamily Chirostyloidea are not closely related to the squat lobsters within the Galatheoidea. The fossil record of the superfamily extends back to the Middle Jurassic genus Palaeomunidopsis.
Arbat District
55°45′04″N 37°35′24″E﻿ / ﻿55.751°N 37.590°E﻿ / 55.751; 37.590

Arbat District (Russian: район Арбат) is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 28,179 (2010 Census); 25,699 (2002 Census).

The district extends from central Mokhovaya Street west to Novoarbatsky Bridge over the Moskva River. Its irregular boundaries correspond roughly to Znamenka Street and Sivtsev Vrazhek Lane in the south and Povarskaya Street in the north. Main radial streets are Vozdvizhenka Street, New Arbat Street and pedestrian Arbat Street.

Vozdvizhenka Street
Vozdvizhenka Street, (Russian: Воздвиженка), is a radial street connecting Manege Square and Arbat Square in central Arbat District of Moscow, Russia. The street's name refers to a monastery that existed here since 1450 and perished in the Fire of Moscow (1812). In 1934–1946, it was known as Comintern Street (улица Коминтерна), in 1946-1991 as Kalinin Street (улица Калинина) Kalinin Prospect (проспект Калинина).
Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site
The Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site consists of seven contiguous parks including four national parks (Banff, Jasper, Kootenay, and Yoho) and three British Columbia provincial parks (Hamber, Mount Assiniboine, and Mount Robson).

These seven parks in the Canadian Rockies include mountains, glaciers, and hot springs and the headwaters of major North American river systems including the North Saskatchewan, Athabasca, Columbia, and Fraser rivers.

The area is known for its natural environment and biological diversity. It includes the Burgess Shale site, a World Heritage Site in its own right from 1980 to 1984, when it was included in the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks WHS designation.

Hamber Provincial Park
Hamber Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located 130 kilometres (80.7 mi) north of Golden. Straddling the Great Divide on the provincial boundary with Alberta, the park is surrounded on three sides by Jasper National Park and protects the headwaters of the Wood River at Fortress Lake.

When the park was created in 1941, it constituted one of the largest protected wilderness areas in Canada. In the early 1960s, the provincial government reduced its size by 98% due to pressure exerted by the forestry industry, planned hydroelectric developments along the upper Columbia River and the re-routing of the Trans-Canada Highway away from the park.
Saint-Émile, Quebec City
Saint-Émile (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿emil]) is a former city in central Quebec, Canada. It was amalgamated into Quebec City on January 1, 2002. It is located within the Borough of La Haute-Saint-Charles. Population: (2008) 10,989.
http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/odo.asp?Speci=282276

La Haute-Saint-Charles, Quebec City
La Haute-Saint-Charles (French pronunciation: [la ot sɛ̃ ʃaʁl]) is a borough of Quebec City. Population (2006): 74,070. It comprises Lac-Saint-Charles, Saint-Émile, Neufchâtel, Loretteville and Val-Bélair.

It also entirely surrounds the urban Indian reserve of Wendake, which is autonomous from the borough.
John Rice Jones
John Rice Jones (February 11, 1759 – February 1, 1824) was a Welsh-born, American politician, jurist, and military officer. He helped establish the territorial governments in Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. John Rice Jones was the father of U.S. Senator George Wallace Jones from Iowa.

George Wallace Jones
George Wallace Jones (April 12, 1804 – July 22, 1896) was an American frontiersman, entrepreneur, attorney, and judge, was among the first two United States Senators to represent the state of Iowa after it was admitted to the Union in 1846. A Democrat who was elected before the birth of the Republican Party, Jones served over ten years in the Senate, from December 7, 1848, to March 3, 1859. During the American Civil War, he was arrested by Federal authorities and briefly jailed on suspicion of having pro-Confederate sympathies.
Hangar One (Moffett Federal Airfield)
Hangar One is one of the world's largest freestanding structures, covering 8 acres (32,000 m2; 3.2 ha) at Moffett Field near Mountain View, California in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The massive hangar has long been one of the most recognizable landmarks of California's Silicon Valley. It was built in the 1930s as a naval airship hangar for USS Macon and is now part of the NASA Ames Research Center.

USS Macon (ZRS-5)
USS Macon (ZRS-5) was a rigid airship built and operated by the United States Navy for scouting and served as a "flying aircraft carrier", carrying up to five single-seat Curtiss F9C Sparrowhawk parasite biplanes for scouting or two-seat Fleet N2Y-1s for training. In service for less than two years, the Macon was damaged in a storm and lost off California's Big Sur coast in February 1935, though most of the crew were rescued. The wreckage is listed as the USS Macon Airship Remains on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Macon and her sister ship Akron were among the longest and most voluminous flying objects in the world. Although the hydrogen-filled, Zeppelin-built Hindenburg and LZ 130 Graf Zeppelin II were some 20 ft (6.1 m) longer, the two American-built naval airships still hold the world record for the largest helium-filled rigid airships.
Arthur Talmage Abernethy
Arthur Talmage Abernethy (October 10, 1872 – May 15, 1956) was a writer, theologian, and poet. He pastored several churches, contributed articles and poems to newspapers around the United States, and was named by Governor R. Gregg Cherry as the first North Carolina Poet Laureate in 1948.

North Carolina Poet Laureate
The North Carolina poet laureate is the poet laureate for the U.S. state of North Carolina. At first a life appointment, the term of office is now two years. The program is run by the North Carolina Arts Council. Laureates are appointed by the governor of North Carolina.
Soroti–Amuria–Abim–Kotido Road
Soroti–Amuria–Abim–Kotido Road is a road in the Eastern and Northern Regions of Uganda. The road  connects the towns of Soroti in Soroti District, to Amuria in Amuria District, Abim in Abim District, and Kotido, in Kotido District. Soroti and Amuria lie in the Teso sub-region, while Abim and Kotido are in the Karamoja sub-region.

Soroti
Soroti is a city in Eastern Region of Uganda. It is the main  city, commercial, and administrative center in Soroti District,  one of the nine administrative districts in the Teso sub-region. Soroti city was immediately approved for operationalization ahead of schedule by the Parliament of Uganda in the Financial Year 2020/2021.
Diocese of Canterbury
The Diocese of Canterbury is a Church of England diocese covering eastern Kent which was founded by St Augustine of Canterbury in 597. The diocese is centred on Canterbury Cathedral and is the oldest see of the Church of England.

Bishop of Maidstone
The Bishop of Maidstone is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Canterbury, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The title takes its name after the county town of Maidstone in Kent.
Inter-rater reliability
In statistics, inter-rater reliability (also called by various similar names, such as inter-rater agreement, inter-rater concordance, inter-observer reliability, inter-coder reliability, and so on) is the degree of agreement among independent observers who rate, code, or assess the same phenomenon.

Assessment tools that rely on ratings must exhibit good inter-rater reliability, otherwise they are not valid tests.

There are a number of statistics that can be used to determine inter-rater reliability. Different statistics are appropriate for different types of measurement. Some options are joint-probability of agreement, such as Cohen's kappa, Scott's pi and Fleiss' kappa; or inter-rater correlation, concordance correlation coefficient, intra-class correlation, and Krippendorff's alpha.

Scott's Pi
Scott's pi (named after William A. Scott) is a statistic for measuring inter-rater reliability for nominal data in communication studies. Textual entities are annotated with categories by different annotators, and various measures are used to assess the extent of agreement between the annotators, one of which is Scott's pi. Since automatically annotating text is a popular problem in natural language processing, and the goal is to get the computer program that is being developed to agree with the humans in the annotations it creates, assessing the extent to which humans agree with each other is important for establishing a reasonable upper limit on computer performance.
Llantrisant Castle
Llantrisant Castle is a ruined castle in Llantrisant, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Glamorgan, Wales. The ruins are on a good elevation, commanding extensive views of the surrounding country. It has the appearance of once occupying a formidable position of defense. Now only a portion of a tower and some outer walls remain standing and neglected. Its origin being ascribed to different dates. During what period and by whom this and several other castles in Wales were erected, has not been determined.

Llantrisant
Llantrisant (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˈtrɪsant]; "Parish of the Three Saints") is a town and community in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan, on the River Ely and the Afon Clun. The three saints of the town's name are Illtyd, Gwynno, and Dyfodwg. Llantrisant is a hilltop settlement, at an altitude of 174 m (571 ft) above sea level. The town is home to the Royal Mint.
Godianism
Godianism (also called Chiism) is a indigenist religious movement founded in 1948 or 1949 in Nigeria and originally known as the National Church of Nigeria. It propagates an intellectual awakening of the African people and traditional African religions, especially Igbo faiths, as a world religion. The Organization of Traditional Religions of Africa (OTRA) is a pan-African association which is affiliated with the movement. "It is known for its promotion of world peace."

K. O. K. Onyioha
Kalu Onu Kama Onyioha (born in Nkporo, in present-day Abia State Nigeria), commonly referred to as K.O.K. Onyioha was the supreme Spiritual leader and founder of Godianism, religion also known as Chiism.
Ashrafuz Zaman Khan
Ashrafuzzaman Khan (Bengali: আশরাফুজ্জামান খান, Urdu: اشرف زمان خان; born 28 February 1948) is a Pakistani Bengali cleric and a convicted mastermind of 1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals. In 1971, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Islami Chhatra Sangha.

After the surrender of Pakistan to India, and the subsequent liberation of Bangladesh, he went to Pakistan and worked for Radio Pakistan. Later, he migrated to America. He was president of the Imams of America association and later headed the Queens, New York branch of the ICNA. He was sentenced to death in absentia by the International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh) for the murders of 18 Bengali intellectuals during the last days of the 1971 war in Bangladesh.

Al-Badr (East Pakistan)
The Al-Badr (Bengali: আল-বদর, romanised: āl-badara; Urdu: البدر, romanised: al-badar, lit. 'The Full moon') was an East Pakistani militia composed mainly of pro-Pakistan militants (mostly Muslim Biharis and Muhajirs), which operated in East Pakistan against the Bengali nationalist movement during the Bangladesh War of Independence, under the patronage of the Government of Pakistan.