hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lundazi District
Lundazi District is a district in Zambia, located in Eastern Province. The capital is Lundazi. The district shares borders with Chasefu District to the north, Lumezi District to the south-west, and the Republic of Malawi to the east and south.

In 2022, the district had an estimated population of 154,908 people. In 2018, Lundazi district was divided into 3 districts (Lundazi, Lumezi and Chasefu) by the government to enable rural development. Tumbuka is the predominant language spoken in the district.

Lumezi District
Lumezi District is a district of Eastern Province, Zambia. It was made independent from Lundazi District in 2018. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 158,971 people. Tumbuka is the predominant language spoken in the district.
AHHAA
Science Centre AHHAA (Estonian: Teaduskeskus AHHAA) is a science centre located in Tartu, Estonia, and is currently the largest science centre in the Baltic states. AHHAA was established to promote science and technology using interactive exhibits.

Since 7 May 2011, Science Centre AHHAA has been in the building located  in the centre of Tartu.

Science museum
A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science. Older science museums tended to concentrate on static displays of objects related to natural history, paleontology, geology, industry and industrial machinery, etc. Modern trends in museology have broadened the range of subject matter and introduced many interactive exhibits. Modern science museums, increasingly referred to as "science centres" or "discovery centres", also feature technology.

While the mission statements of science centres and modern museums may vary, they are commonly places that make science accessible and encourage the excitement of discovery.
Spirometer
A spirometer is an apparatus for measuring the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs. A spirometer measures ventilation, the movement of air into and out of the lungs. The spirogram will identify two different types of abnormal ventilation patterns, obstructive and restrictive. There are various types of spirometers that use a number of different methods for measurement (pressure transducers, ultrasonic, water gauge).

Spirometry
Spirometry (meaning the measuring of breath) is the most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs). It measures lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry is helpful in assessing breathing patterns that identify conditions such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and COPD. It is also helpful as part of a system of health surveillance, in which breathing patterns are measured over time.

Spirometry generates pneumotachographs, which are charts that plot the volume and flow of air coming in and out of the lungs from one inhalation and one exhalation.
University of Cambridge Museums
University of Cambridge Museums is a consortium of the eight museums of the University of Cambridge.

The consortium works in partnership with the Cambridge University Botanic Garden and other Cambridge University collections. It was awarded Major partner museum status by Arts Council England in 2012.

The consortium comprises:

Fitzwilliam Museum

Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

The Polar Museum

Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences

Museum of Classical Archaeology

Whipple Museum of the History of Science

Kettle's Yard

University Museum of Zoology

Kettle's Yard
Kettle's Yard is an art gallery and house in Cambridge, England. The director of the art gallery is Andrew Nairne. Both the house and gallery reopened in February 2018 after an expansion of the facilities.
Barotse Floodplain
The Barotse Floodplain, also known as the Bulozi Plain, Lyondo, Ngulu, or the Zambezi Floodplain, is one of Africa's great wetlands, on the Zambezi River in the Western Province of Zambia. It is a designated Ramsar site, regarded as being of high conservation value.

The name recognises the floodplain as spawning the culture and way of life of the Lozi people, "Rotse" being a variant of Lozi, and "Ba" meaning "people". They became a powerful kingdom in Central/Southern Africa under their king or litunga Lewanika, whose realm extended up to 300 km from the plain and was called Barotseland.

Lozi people
The Lozi people, also known as Balozi, are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group native to Zambia and Zimbabwe. The population of the Lozi people is estimated to be 1,562,000 in all countries combined.

The Lozi comprise several tribes including the Bamakoma, Kwanda, Lukolwe, Bafwe, Batotela, Bayeyi, Mbowe (Mamboe), Bambukushu, Mishulundu, Muenyi (Mwenyi), Mwanga, Ndundulu and Basubia. Intermarriage among the tribes further strengthens their cultural bonds.

The Lozi people are also known by various names such as the Malozi, Nyambe, Makololo, Barotse, Rotse, Rozi, Rutse, Balozi, Balobedu, and Tozvi. They refer to their land as Bulozi or Barotseland.
Dresdner SC (volleyball)
The volleyball department of the Dresdner Sportclub was founded in 1990. The women's team plays in the Bundesliga and has been German champion six times, DVV-Pokal cup winner six times and Challenge Cup winner at European level once.

As of 2021, current players include Jocelynn Birks, Jenna Gray, Madeleine Gates and Swiss international Maja Storck.

German Women's Volleyball League
The German Women's volleyball League or in (German : Volleyball-Bundesliga der Frauen) is the highest division in German women's volleyball. The German champion has been determined in this competition since the 1976/77 season.
Fauxulidae
Fauxulidae is a family of gastropods belonging to the superfamily Pupilloidea of the order Stylommatophora.

Genera:

Afriboysidia Zilch, 1939

Anisoloma Ancey, 1901

Fauxulella Pilsbry, 1917

Fauxulus Schaufuss, 1869

Tomigerella Pfeiffer, 1879

Synonym

Faula H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Fauxulus Schaufuss, 1869

Stylommatophora
Stylommatophora is an order of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon includes most land snails and slugs. Stylommatophorans lack an operculum, but some close their shell apertures with temporary "operculum" (epiphragm) made of calcified mucus. They have two pairs of retractile tentacles, the upper pair of which bears eyes on the tentacle tips. All stylommatophorans are hermaphrodites.

The two strong synapomorphies of Stylommatophora are a long pedal gland placed beneath a membrane and two pairs of retractile tentacles.

Stylommatophora are known from the Cretaceous period up to the present day. A molecular clock estimate puts the origin of the crown group also to the Cretaceous.

Stylommatophora is the most diverse group of terrestrial gastropods, with approximately 22,753 species recognized as of 2024.
Khan Research Laboratories FC
Khan Research Laboratories Football Club, abbreviated as KRL, serves as the football section of Khan Research Laboratories. Based in Rawalpindi, the club plays their home games at KRL Stadium. The club used to compete in the National Football Championship and Pakistan Premier League. The club regularly participates in the National Football Challenge Cup.

The club has won five Pakistan Premier League titles and six National Football Challenge Cups. With these eleven trophies, they are the most successful club in the country. They are the only Pakistani club to have reached a continental club final, the 2013 AFC President's Cup, where they lost 1–0 to Balkan FK.

WAPDA F.C.
WAPDA Football Club serves as the football section of Water & Power Development Authority. It is based in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The club used to compete in the National Football Championship and Pakistan Premier League. The club regularly participates in the National Football Challenge Cup.

WAPDA has been Pakistan champions 8 times, winning four titles in the National Football Championship, and four Pakistan Premier League titles including the inaugural edition in 2004. They are the only Pakistani club to finish the season unbeaten in the 2007–08 season.
Lenslok
Lenslok is a copy protection mechanism found in some computer games and other software on the Atari 8-bit computers, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Sinclair QL, MSX and Amstrad CPC. It was created by John Frost, an inventor and electronics consultant, and marketed by ASAP Developments, a subsidiary of J Rothschild Holdings. The first game to use it was Elite for the ZX Spectrum.

Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.

Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game discs and cartridges, audio CDs and some VCDs. It also may be incorporated into digitally distributed versions of media and software.

Some methods of copy protection have also led to criticism because it caused inconvenience for paying consumers or secretly installed additional or unwanted software to detect copying activities on the consumer's computer.
Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States
The Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States, formally the Constitution for the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America, was an agreement among all seven original states in the Confederate States of America that served as its first constitution. Its drafting by a committee of twelve appointed by the Provisional Congress began on February 5, 1861. The Provisional Constitution was formally adopted on February 8. Government under this constitution was superseded by the new Constitution of the Confederate States with a permanent form of government "organized on the principles of the United States" on February 22, 1862.

Christopher Memminger
Christopher Gustavus Memminger (German: Christoph Gustav Memminger; January 9, 1803 – March 7, 1888) was an American politician and a secessionist who participated in the formation of the Confederate States government. He was the principal author of the Provisional Constitution (1861), as well as the founder of the Confederate financial system. As the first Confederate States Secretary of the Treasury, Memminger was the principal author of the economic policies of Jefferson Davis's administration.
Palam, Parbhani
Palam is a town and headquarters of Palam taluka. It is located in Parbhani district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Palam taluka in Parbhani district has total 82 villages, and some nearest villages are Peth Pimpalgaon, Anjanwadi, and Sarfrajpur.

Palam taluka
Palam taluka is one of the nine talukas in Parbhani district. Palam is the headquarter of Palam taluka.

There are 82 villages in Palam Taluka.

In this taluka there are 2 famous shrines Shri Sant Nivrutti Maharaj  shrine in Pendu (BK) village and Shri Sant Motiram Maharaj Shrine at Phala Village.
Dælenenga idrettspark
Dælenenga idrettspark is a sports facility located at Grünerløkka in Oslo, Norway. It consists of an artificial turf football pitch, a club house and an indoor ice rink—Grünerhallen. The facilities are owned by the Municipality of Oslo and used and operated by Grüner IL, the local sports club.

The venue opened in 1916 and was originally used for football, athletics and speed skating. The club house was completed in 1928 and has since been used for martial arts. From 1929, a velodrome course was installed, which remained in use until 1940. During the 1930s, the venue was the main Oslo stadium for the Workers' Sports Federation (AIF). A speedway course was installed in 1947 and remained in use until 1968. The venue featured eight ice hockey matches and two bandy matches during the 1952 Winter Olympics. Artificial ice was laid in 1985 and the skating hall opened in 1995, two years before the artificial turf was laid.

Grüner IL
Grüner Idrettslag is a Norwegian alliance sports club from Grünerløkka, Oslo. It has sections for association football, team handball and ice hockey, formally named Grüner Fotball IL , Grüner Håndball IL and Grüner Ishockey IL. The club colors are purple.

It was founded on 14 October 1952 as a merger of the teams Strong, B14 and Spero, but it counts 1914, founding date of B14, as its own founding date. After merging with Hugin in 1969 it held the name Grüner/Hugin, but reverted to Grüner IL in 1974. The club crest was inspired by that of Allmänna Idrottsklubben.
Antiunitary operator
In mathematics, an antiunitary transformation is a bijective antilinear map

between two complex Hilbert spaces such that

for all  and  in , where the horizontal bar represents the complex conjugate. If additionally one has  then  is called an antiunitary operator.

Antiunitary operators are important in quantum mechanics because they are used to represent certain symmetries, such as time reversal.  Their fundamental importance in quantum physics is further demonstrated by Wigner's theorem.

Unitary operator
In functional analysis, a unitary operator is a surjective bounded operator on a Hilbert space that preserves the inner product.
Non-trivial examples include rotations,  reflections, and the Fourier operator.
Unitary operators generalize unitary matrices.
Unitary operators are usually taken as operating on a Hilbert space, but the same notion serves to define the concept of isomorphism between Hilbert spaces.
Rebellion of the Seven States
The Rebellion of the Seven States or Revolt of the Seven Kingdoms (simplified Chinese: 七国之乱; traditional Chinese: 七國之亂; pinyin: Qī Guó zhī Luàn) took place in 154 BC against the rule of Emperor Jing of the Western Han dynasty by its regional semi-autonomous kings, to resist the emperor's attempt to centralize the government further. The rebellion was crushed by the Western Han imperial forces within three months, and the powers of the imperial court grew exponentially afterward.

Liu Wu, Prince of Chu
Liu Wu (simplified Chinese: 刘戊; traditional Chinese: 劉戊; pinyin: Liú Wù, died 154 BC) was the son of Liu Yingke, Prince Yi of Chu, and grandson of Liu Jiao, Prince Yuan of Chu. After the short reign of his father, he inherited the title Prince of Chu in 174 BC. In 155 BC, Empress Dowager Bo, grandmother of Emperor Jing, died. Liu Wu was caught drinking during the grieving period, so Emperor Jing reduced the size of his fiefdom. Wu was later convinced to join the Rebellion of the Seven States by Liu Pi despite objections from his prime minister and tutor. Liu Wu put both of them to death.

In 154 BC, he launched his campaign against the principality of Liang but was defeated by Zhou Yafu. When the remaining troops surrendered and his supplies were cut off, Wu committed suicide. His son Liu Li was allowed to succeed to the Prince of Chu title despite the rebellion. He had a granddaughter named Princess Jieyou.
Ballyharney
Ballyharney (Irish: Baile Átha hAirne) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 14.52 kilometres (9 mi) north-north–west of Mullingar.

Ballyharney is one of 10 townlands of the civil parish of Lackan in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 579.35 acres (2.3445 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Hospitalbank and Monagead (barony of Moygoish) to the north, Lackanwood to the north–east, Lackan to the east and south, Grange to the south, Cappagh (Moygoish) to the west and Garriskil (Moygoish) to the north–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 8 houses and 36 inhabitants in the townland.

Monagead
Monagead is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland, 16 kilometres (10 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Monagead is one of 35 townlands of the civil parish of Street in the barony of Moygoish in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 162.67 acres (0.6583 km2).
Park Kultury (Sokolnicheskaya line)
Park Kultury (Russian: Парк Культу́ры, English: Park of Culturepronunciationⓘ) is a Moscow Metro station in the Khamovniki District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. Located within the Sokolnicheskaya line, between Frunzenskaya and Kropotkinskaya stations, it is named after the nearby Maxim Gorky Park of Culture and Leisure across the Moskva River.

The station was designed by Nikolai Kolli and opened on 15 May 1935, along with the first phase of the Moscow Metro.

Khamovniki District
55°43′34″N 37°34′16″E﻿ / ﻿55.72611°N 37.57111°E﻿ / 55.72611; 37.57111

Khamovniki District (Russian: Хамо́вники) is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: 102,730 (2010 census); 97,110 (2002 census).

The district extends from Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge into the Luzhniki bend of Moskva River; northern boundary with Arbat District follows Znamenka Street, Gogolevsky Boulevard, Sivtsev Vrazhek and Borodinsky Bridge.

The district contains Pushkin Museum, Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Devichye Pole medical campus, Novodevichy Convent and memorial cemetery, Luzhniki Stadium. The stretch of Khamovniki between Boulevard Ring and Garden Ring, known as Golden Mile, is downtown Moscow's most expensive housing area.
Bravehound
Bravehound  is a Scottish charity that supports former servicemen, women and their families. They provide training and dogs to support veterans, some of whom have post-traumatic stress, other mental health issues as well as physical injury. Weekly individual and group training  sessions  are provided free of charge.

Bravehound is funded by the Chancellor using Libor funds, The Covenant Trust Fund and public fundraising initiatives.

Theater of War Productions
Theater of War Productions is a social impact theater company that produces readings of classic plays to address public health issues. The company grew out of the Theater of War Project, readings of Sophocles's Ajax and Philoctetes for military and civilian communities followed by a facilitated discussion.

Since the company's founding in 2008, their offerings have expanded to include readings of other classic plays aimed at addressing other subjects, such as dementia, police brutality, homelessness, addiction, and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Alain Paul Lebeaupin
Alain Paul Charles Lebeaupin (2 March 1945 – 24 June 2021) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who joined the diplomatic service of the Holy See in 1979 and was the Apostolic Nuncio to the European Union from 2012 to 2020.

Apostolic Nunciature to the European Union
The Apostolic Nunciature to the European Union is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. Its offices are in Brussels, which serves as the de facto capital of the European Union (EU). It was called the Apostolic Nunciature to the European Community until 2009.

In 1963, the Holy See informed the European Economic Community (EEC), precursor to the European Community and the European Union, that it was interested in establishing diplomatic ties, its first with an international organization. Its overtures were blocked for several years first by French objections and then by the EEC's internal problems. Archbishop Igino Eugenio Cardinale, the Nuncio to Belgium, raised the issue anew in 1970 and proved successful.
Wolfgang Schallenberg
Wolfgang Schallenberg gcYC (3 June 1930 – 8 February 2023) was an Austrian diplomat. He was the Austrian ambassador to India (1974–1978), Spain (1979–1981), and France (1988–1992), and the Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1992–1996).

A member of the comital branch of the noble Austro-Hungarian Schallenberg family, he was born in Prague as the son of the industrialist and diplomat Herbert, Count of Schallenberg (Herbert Graf von Schallenberg). He studied law at the University of Vienna as well as political science at French and British universities. In 1982, he was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic (gcYC) by King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

His son, Alexander, was Minister of Foreign Affairs between 2019 and 2025, interrupted by a short stint as Chancellor in 2021. Wolfgang Schallenberg died on 8 February 2023, at the age of 92.

Herbert, Count of Schallenberg
Count Herbert Erwin Joseph Anton von Schallenberg (German: Herbert Graf von Schallenberg; 29 March 1901 – 26 March 1974), officially known as Herbert Schallenberg from 1919, was an Austro-Hungarian count, lawyer, diplomat and industrialist. He was the Austrian consul-general in Prague in the 1930s.

He was born in Vienna as a member of the comital branch of the noble Austro-Hungarian Schallenberg family. In September 1927 in the Church of Saint Nicholas in Prague, he married Elisabeth Helene Koch, daughter of the German Ambassador to Prague Walter Koch.

He was the father of the diplomat Wolfgang Schallenberg and the grandfather of acting Chancellor of Austria, Alexander Schallenberg.
Buddy Corlett
Charles Armistice "Buddy" Corlett MBE (11 November 1921 − 9 May 2015) was a New Zealand sportsman. Born in Canada, he emigrated to New Zealand and represented his adopted country in both softball and basketball. He married New Zealand's first female Olympic gold medallist, Yvette Williams, in 1954.

Yvette Williams
Dame  Yvette Winifred Corlett DNZM MBE (née Williams; 25 April 1929 – 13 April 2019) was a New Zealand track-and-field athlete who was the first woman from her country to win an Olympic gold medal and to hold the world record in the women's long jump. Williams was named "Athlete of the Century" on the 100th anniversary of Athletics New Zealand, in 1987.
Palmetto Records
Palmetto Records is an independent American jazz record company and label in New York City founded in 1990 by guitarist Matt Balitsaris.

Issues began with those by Balitsaris, then Greg Hatza in 1993. Since then, its catalog has included albums by Peter Bernstein, Joel Frahm, Larry Goldings, Andrew Hill, Cecil McBee, Dewey Redman, and Matt Wilson.

Balitsaris retired from music and began working for Fonkoze, a charity in Haiti. He was chairman of the board until 2015.

Dewey Redman
Walter Dewey Redman (May 17, 1931 – September 2, 2006) was an American saxophonist who performed free jazz as a bandleader, and as a member of bands including those led by Ornette Coleman and Keith Jarrett.

Redman mainly played tenor saxophone, though he occasionally also played alto, the Chinese suona (which he called a musette), and clarinet. His son is saxophonist Joshua Redman.
Karoline Frogner
Anne Karoline Frogner (born February 3, 1961) is a Norwegian filmmaker, photographer, writer and lecturer. She is one of Norway's foremost documentary filmmakers and is a stills photographer for the image agency Samfoto. She is the director of production company Integritet Film AS and the author of several books.

Her films often cover human rights issues. In 1990 she started a children's art centre in Betlehem. She was made a Government scholar in the State budget of Norway of 2014.

Government scholar
Government scholar (Norwegian: statsstipendiat) is a position awarded by the Parliament of Norway upon the recommendation of the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Education and Research and funded directly over the state budget of Norway. The position can be "for life" (until the normal age of retirement, 67 years) or for a limited period of time, although modern appointments usually are "for life." The scholarships are awarded to a select number of persons whose work is deemed important for the society, and who may engage in research, culture or other societal areas. The number of government scholars has gone down in recent years from 48 in 2009, to 15 in 2021.