hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Farm acreage base
In United States agricultural policy, Farm acreage base referred to the total of the crop acreage bases (wheat, feed grains, cotton, and rice) for a farm for a year, the average acreage planted to soybeans and other non-program crops, and the average acreage devoted to conserving uses (excluding Acreage Reduction Program land)
The 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127) and the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-121) eliminate the need to calculate a farm acreage base.

Crop acreage base
Crop acreage base is a crop-specific measure equal to the average number of acres planted (or considered planted) to a particular program crop for a specified number of years. The crop-specific nature of this measurement was important prior to the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127), which adopted an inclusive measure of base acreage and allowed planting flexibility among the program crops.  The sum of the crop acreage bases for all program crops on a farm could not exceed the farm acreage.  The acreage base was used in determining the number of acres a farmer, under an acreage reduction program, had to remove from normal crop production and devote to conserving uses in order to be eligible for USDA price and income supports.
Leduc 022
The Leduc 022 was the prototype of a mixed-power French interceptor built in the mid-1950s. Designer René Leduc had been developing ramjet-powered aircraft since before World War II and had flown a series of experimental aircraft, the Leduc 0.10 and Leduc 0.21, throughout the 1950s before he was awarded a contract for two examples of a short-range supersonic interceptor armed with two air-to-air missiles (AAMs).

Intended for combat use, the 022 was able to take off from a runway as it was fitted with a supplementary turbojet engine, unlike his earlier aircraft which required a mother aircraft to carry them to altitude because ramjets cannot produce thrust while stationary. Development was cancelled by the French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) in 1958 due to budgetary problems while flight testing was underway and before the second prototype was completed.

SNECMA Atar 101
The SNECMA ATAR 101 is a French axial-flow turbojet engine built by SNECMA. It was derived from engines and design work carried out at BMW in Germany during World War II, and extensively developed though a progression of more powerful models. The name is derived from its original design group, Atelier Technique Aéronautique de Rickenbach  employing Hermann Östrich and many of the wartime BMW gas turbine design group as well as other German engine design teams. The ATAR 101 powered many of the French post-war jet aircraft, including the Vautour II, Étendard IV, Super Mystère B2, and the Mirage III-001, prototype of the Mirage III series.
Oshawa Creek
Oshawa Creek is a watercourse that flows 50 kilometres (31 mi) from its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine to its mouth on Lake Ontario, at Oshawa, Ontario.  It drains a watershed of 120 square kilometres (46 sq mi). In its lowest reaches, in Oshawa, two tributaries, Goodman's Creek and Montgomery Creek, join the watercourse.

To the west it borders Lynde Creek, which also has its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine, and the shorter watercourses Pringle Creek and Corbett Creek. Bowmanville Creek, to the east, also has its headwaters in the Oak Ridges Moraine, while Farewell Creek, that lies between them, stops short.

Corbett Creek
Corbett Creek is a small watercourse that drains into Lake Ontario in Whitby, Ontario.
It drains 1,455 hectares (5.62 sq mi).

To the west it borders on the watershed of Pringle Creek.  To the east it borders on the watershed of Oshawa Creek.
Life's Secret
Life's Secret is a Bengali folktale collected by Lal Behari Day in his work Folk-Tales of Bengal. It concerns a prince whose lifeforce is tied to a necklace, and, as soon as it falls in the hands of his stepmother, he falls into a death-like sleep. With the help of a maiden predicted to marry "a dead husband", who is the seemingly dead prince, he recovers the necklace and unmasks his stepmother. Variants exist in India, both with a heroine and a hero whose life is attached to a magical necklace.

Folk-Tales of Bengal
Folk-Tales of Bengal is a collection of folk tales and fairy tales of Bengal written by Lal Behari Dey. The book was published in 1883. The illustrations by Warwick Goble were added in 1912. All these stories were passed from generation to generation for centuries.
Holwert
Holwert is a village in Noardeast-Fryslân municipality in the northern Netherlands, in the province of Friesland. It had a population of around 1,607 in January 2017. Before 2019, the village was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

The ferry to the island of Ameland departs from Holwert. Wadloopcentrum Fryslân in Holwert is a centre for the training of wadlopen guides and the preservation of the sport. There are two windmills in Holwert, De Hoop and Miedenmolen.

Noardeast-Fryslân
Noardeast-Fryslân (West Frisian pronunciation: [noəˈtɪəst ˈfrislɔ̃ːn]; lit. 'Northeast Friesland') is a municipality of Friesland in the northern Netherlands. It was established 1 January 2019  and consists of the former municipalities of Dongeradeel, Ferwerderadiel and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, all three of which dissolved on the same day.

The municipality is located in the province of Friesland on the Wadden Sea coast, in the north of the Netherlands. Noardeast-Fryslân is bordered by the municipalities of Waadhoeke, Ameland, Schiermonnikoog, Leeuwarden, Dantumadiel and the province of Groningen. The population in January 2019 was 45,181. It is Friesland's seventh-most populous municipality. The largest population centre (2018 population, 12,576) is Dokkum. The residents speak West Frisian, a Dutch Low Saxon dialect or Dutch.

Part of the municipality are the Engelsmanplaat sandbank and most of the Rif sandbank (which is shared with Schiermonnikoog for a small part).
Huangfu Zhen
Huangfu Zhen (fl. 4th century), courtesy name Chuji, was a Chinese official of Former Yan during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. One of the few officials to serve four generations of Murong Hui's lineage, Zhen was an outlier of the group, as he was able to live long enough to see Yan's demise to Former Qin in 370. During the reign of Murong Wei, Zhen was a key ally to Murong Ke who warned him about Muyu Gen and aided him in defeating the rebel, Lü Hu. Zhen was also commended for being Yan's last few competent ministers during its final four years of existence as corruption under Murong Ping's regency led the state to its downfall.

Muyu Gen
Muyu Gen (died 360) was a military general and regent of Former Yan during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. He was a main contributor to Murong Huang's victory in the defence of Jicheng  (棘城, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning)  in 338 and convinced Murong Jun to carry out his conquest of Later Zhao in 349, which led to Yan's control over the Central Plains. A distinguished veteran, he was chosen by Murong Jun to serve as one of Murong Wei's regents in 360. Although Muyu Gen was brave, he was also jealous and stubborn in nature. He attempted to kill his co-regent Murong Ke by sowing discord between Ke and the emperor, but his schemes were uncovered, and he was executed less than a year into his regency.
MyZeil
MyZeil is a shopping mall in the center of Frankfurt, Germany. It was designed by Italian architect Massimiliano Fuksas. It is part of the PalaisQuartier development, with its main entrance on the Zeil, Frankfurt's main shopping street. It was officially opened on 26 February 2009 by the city mayor Petra Roth.

50°06′51″N 8°40′54″E﻿ / ﻿50.11417°N 8.68167°E﻿ / 50.11417; 8.68167

Palais Quartier
The Palais Quartier (German: [paˈleː kvaʁˌtiːɐ̯]), formerly known as the FrankfurtHochVier, is a mixed-use building complex in the Innenstadt district of Frankfurt, Germany. Built between 2004 and 2011, the complex consists of two high-rise buildings from which the tallest (Nextower) stands at 136 m (446 ft) tall, a shopping center and a historic palace.
Imabetsu
Imabetsu (今別町, Imabetsu-machi) is a town located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan and a part of the Aomori metropolitan area. As of 31 December 2022,  the town had an estimated population of 2,311 in 1338 households, and a population density of 18 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 125.27 km2 (48.37 sq mi).

Higashitsugaru District, Aomori
Japan > Tōhoku region > Aomori Prefecture > Higashitsugaru District

Higashitsugaru District (東津軽郡, Higashitsugaru-gun) is a rural district located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. The district makes up the suburban area of the Aomori metropolitan area.

As of September 2013, the district had an estimated population of 24,011 and an area of 652.83 km2. Much of the city of Aomori was formerly part of Higashitsugaru District. In terms of national politics, the district is represented in the Diet of Japan's House of Representatives as a part of the Aomori 1st district.
Minentaucher
Minentaucher is the German term for mine clearance divers. The Minentaucherkompanie is a specialist unit within the German Navy responsible for underwater and Land tasks including removing or salvaging underwater munitions such as mines and for servicing underwater drones. It is part of the Sea Battalion and is based in Eckernförde.

Sea Battalion (Germany)
The Sea Battalion (German: Seebataillon) is a land formation of the German Navy. It was formed in Eckernförde on 1 April 2014, succeeding the Naval Protection Force and the Naval Force Protection Battalion, against a background of rapidly escalating tensions in Eastern Europe centering around Ukraine.
Blandings Castle and Elsewhere
Blandings Castle and Elsewhere is a collection of short stories by P. G. Wodehouse. It was first published in the United Kingdom on 12 April 1935 by Herbert Jenkins, London, and, as Blandings Castle, in the United States on 20 September 1935 by Doubleday Doran, New York. All the stories had previously appeared in Strand Magazine (UK) and all except the last in various US magazines.

Freddie Threepwood
The Honourable Frederick Threepwood is a fictional character in the Blandings stories by P. G. Wodehouse. A member of the Drones Club affectionately known as "Freddie", he is the second son of Lord Emsworth, and a somewhat simple-minded youth who brings his father nothing but trouble.

Freddie has one brother, George, and a sister, Mildred.
Episcopal Diocese of Northwest Texas
The Episcopal Diocese of Northwest Texas is one of the Dioceses of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. It is in Province 7. The diocese is based in Lubbock, Texas.

In 2024, the diocese reported average Sunday attendance (ASA) of 1,350 persons.

Province 7 of the Episcopal Church
Province 7 (VII), also called the Province of the Southwest, is one of nine ecclesiastical provinces comprising the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. It comprises  eleven dioceses across the seven states of Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. Sherry Denton of the Diocese of Western Kansas serves as President and Ed Konieczy of the Diocese of Oklahoma serves as Vice President.
Astypalaia
Astypalaia (Greek: Αστυπάλαια, pronounced [astiˈpalea]), is a Greek island with 1,376 residents (2021 census). It belongs to the Dodecanese, an archipelago of fifteen major islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea. However, many scholars recognize Astypalaia as an extension of the Cyclades, as many cultural and ecological components of the island are more indicative of the Cyclades rather than the Dodecanese.

The island is 18 kilometres (11 miles) long, 13 kilometres (8 miles) across at its widest, and covers an area of 97 km2. Along with numerous smaller uninhabited offshore islets (the largest of which are Sýrna and Ofidoussa), it forms the Municipality of Astypalaia, which is part of the Kalymnos regional unit. The municipality has an area of 114.077 km2. The capital and the previous main harbour of the island is Astypalaia or Chora, as it is called by the locals.

Astypalaea
In Greek mythology, Astypalaea (Ancient Greek: Ἀστυπάλαια [astiˈpalea]) or Astypale was a Phoenician princess as the daughter of King Phoenix and Perimede, daughter of Oeneus; thus she was the sister of Europa. In some accounts, her mother was called Telephe and her siblings were Peirus and again Europe. Astypale was a lover of Poseidon who seduced her, and had two sons by him: Ancaeus, King of Samos, and Eurypylos, King of Kos.

The island of Astypalaia was believed to have been named after her.
Australia–Italy relations
Australia and Italy established formal diplomatic relations in 1949. Francesca Tardioli was appointed Italian ambassador to Australia in September 2019, the first woman to represent Italy in Australia until her death in February 2022. The headquarters of the Italian embassy, designed by the Italian-Australian architect Enrico Taglietti, is located in the Canberra district of Deakin. Margaret Twomey was appointed Australian ambassador in Rome in July 2020.

Italian Australians
Italian Australians (Italian: italo-australiani) are Australian-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Australia during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Australia.

Italian Australians constitute the sixth largest ancestry group in Australia, and one of the largest groups in the global Italian diaspora. At the 2021 census, 1,108,364 Australian residents nominated Italian ancestry (whether alone or in combination with another ancestry), representing 4.4% of the Australian population. The 2021 census found that 171,520 were born in Italy.

In 2021, there were 228,042 Australian residents who spoke Italian at home. The Italo-Australian dialect is prominent among Italian Australians who use the Italian language.
Shigeto Tsuru
Shigeto Tsuru (都留 重人, Tsuru Shigeto; March 6, 1912 – February 5, 2006) was a Japanese economist. He was widely honoured for his scholarship, including the Presidency of the International Economic Association. A pivotal figure in post-war Japanese economic thought, Shigeto Tsuru is widely recognized for his authoritative analysis of Japan's rapid economic reconstruction following its total defeat in World War II, and creator of the concept of creative defeat. He provided both a comprehensive chronology of the recovery process and a distinctive interpretation of the modern Japanese economy. Tsuru critically concluded that while Japan's creative and inspired response to its post-war challenges led to unprecedented economic success, this very success simultaneously generated a new set of persistent and complex problems within its structure.

Hitotsubashi University
Hitotsubashi University (一橋大学, Hitotsubashi daigaku), formerly known as Tokyo University of Commerce (東京商科大学, Tokyo shōka daigaku), is a public research university in Tokyo, Japan. The university has campuses in Kunitachi, Kodaira, and Chiyoda.

In 1920, Hitotsubashi was granted university status as Tokyo University of Commerce, becoming Japan’s first national college specialising in commercial studies. It underwent another name change in 1949, adopting its modern name, Hitotsubashi. In 1962, the legal name was formally changed to Hitotsubashi University.

The university specialises in the study of the social sciences, particularly commerce, economics, law, political science, sociology, social data science, and the humanities. The university has produced numerous senior bureaucrats and politicians for the Japanese government, including Masayoshi Ōhira, who served as the prime minister of Japan.
Explosive antimony
Explosive antimony is an allotrope of the chemical element antimony that is so sensitive to shock that it explodes when scratched or subjected to sudden heating. The allotrope was first described in 1855.

Chemists form the allotrope through electrolysis of a concentrated solution of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid, which forms an amorphous glass. 
This glass contains significant amounts of halogen impurity at its boundaries.

When it explodes, the allotrope releases 24 calories (100 J) per gram. White fumes of antimony trichloride are produced and the elemental antimony reverts to its metallic form.

Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin  stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid, it occurs in nature mainly in the form of the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl.

China is the largest producer of antimony and its compounds, with most production coming from the Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan. The industrial methods for refining antimony from stibnite are roasting followed by reduction with carbon, or direct reduction of stibnite with iron.

The most common applications for metallic antimony are in alloys with lead and tin, which have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. It improves the rigidity of lead-alloy plates in lead–acid batteries. Antimony trioxide is a prominent additive for halogen-containing flame retardants. Antimony is used as a dopant in semiconductor devices.
Louis Viardot
Louis Viardot (pronounced [lwi vjaʁ.do]; 31 July 1800 in Dijon, France – 5 May 1883 in Paris, France) was a French writer, art historian, art critic, theatrical figure, and translator. As a translator, he mostly contributed to the development of Russian and Spanish literature in France. He was the older brother of the artist Léon Viardot (1805–1900).

Pauline Viardot
Pauline Viardot (pronounced [po.lin vjaʁ.do]; 18 July 1821 – 18 May 1910) was a French dramatic mezzo-soprano, composer and pedagogue of Spanish descent. Born Michelle Ferdinande Pauline García, she came from a musical family and took up music at a young age. She began performing as a teenager and had a long and illustrious career as a star performer.
Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.

Principal dancer
A principal dancer (often shortened to principal) is a dancer at the highest rank within a professional dance company, particularly a ballet company. A principal may be of any gender and is usually the star of the ballet. The term is used mostly in ballet but can be used in other forms as well, such as modern dance. The term senior principal dancer is sometimes used as well.

The position is similar to that of soloist; however, principals regularly perform not only solos, but also pas de deux as well as headlining performances they participate in. Principal dancers can be hired into a dance company or can also be a company dancer that is a corps de ballet dancer that gets promoted from within the company. That process can take multiple performance seasons or even years to achieve based on skill level and company interest.
Battle of Canyon de Chelly
The Battle of Canyon de Chelly was fought in 1864 as part of the Navajo Wars. It was a successful operation for the United States Army which precipitated the Long Walk and was the final major military engagement between the Navajo and the Americans. The battle ended with the fall of the main Navajo settlements of Canyon de Chelly in present-day northern Arizona.

Navajo Wars
The term Navajo Wars covers at least three distinct periods of conflict in the American West: the Navajo against the Spanish (late 16th century through 1821); the Navajo against the Mexican government (1821 through 1848); and the Navajo (Diné) against the United States (after the 1847–48 Mexican–American War). These conflicts ranged from small-scale raiding to large expeditions mounted by governments into territory controlled by the Navajo. The Navajo Wars also encompass the widespread raiding that took place throughout the period; the Navajo raided other tribes and nearby settlements, who in return raided into Navajo territory, creating a cycle of raiding that perpetuated the conflict.
Our Day Out
"Our Day Out" is the 16th episode of the eighth season of the British BBC anthology TV series Play for Today. The episode was a television play that was originally broadcast on 28 December 1977. "Our Day Out" was written by Willy Russell, directed by Pedr James, produced by David Rose, and starred Jean Heywood, Alun Armstrong, Elizabeth Estensen, Robert Gillespie, Iona Banks, and Peter Tilbury.

"Our Day Out" is about poor children from Liverpool, England. The play was later converted into a full length stage musical.

Play for Today
Play for Today is a British television strand, produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC1 from 1970 to 1984. During the run, more than three hundred programmes, featuring original television plays, and adaptations of stage plays and novels, were transmitted. The individual episodes were (with a few exceptions noted below) between fifty and a hundred minutes in duration. A handful of these plays, including Rumpole of the Bailey, subsequently became television series in their own right.

In 2025, Channel 5 announced they would revive the series, which began broadcasting on 13 November, 2025.
Geography of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia, with a small portion in Eastern Europe. With an area of about 2,724,900 square kilometers (1,052,100 sq mi) Kazakhstan is the ninth largest country in the world, more than twice the combined size of the other four Central Asian states and 60% larger than Alaska. The country borders Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan to the south; Russia to the north; Russia and the Caspian Sea to the west; and China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to the east.

Barsuki Desert
The Barsuki Desert is a desert zone in the Aktobe and Kyzylorda regions of Kazakhstan. It has two parts, the Greater Barsuki (Kazakh: Үлкен Борсық; Russian: Большие Барсуки) in the west and the Lesser Barsuki (Kazakh: Кіші Борсық; Russian: Малые Барсуки) in the east. They are elongated strips of sand desert parallel to each other and separated by a roughly 65 kilometers (40 mi) wide stretch of non-desert terrain.

The sands of the deserts are the result of the weathering of Paleogene rocks; only the northern section of the Greater Barsuki was formed from more recent alluvial deposits.
St. Ignatius School
St. Ignatius School is a Roman Catholic school in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was opened on January 12, 1911, by the Parish of St. Ignatius. The school is located in the neighborhood of Rockwood in the River Heights area. The school and church share one city block, bounded by Corydon Avenue to the north, Jessie Avenue to the south, Stafford Street to the east and Harrow Street to the west.

The school serves 240 co-ed students from Nursery to Grade 8.

The school is the only Catholic school N-8 in Winnipeg that does not wear uniforms.

An electrical fire on February 20, 2007, damaged the oldest remaining wing - originally built in 1956. These were rebuilt and classes resumed by the fall of 2007.

Rockwood, Winnipeg
Rockwood is a neighbourhood in the River Heights area of south-central Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Its borders are Corydon Avenue on the north, Stafford Street on the east, Grant Avenue to the south, and Cambridge Street to the west. Adjacent neighbourhoods are Crescentwood to the north, Grant Park to the south, Central River Heights to the West, and Earl Grey (Fort Rouge) to the east.

Except the homes between Harrow and Stafford Street, the neighbourhood features primarily post WWII single-storey bungalow homes.