hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Michael and All Angels Church, Badminton
St Michael and All Angels is a Grade I listed church on the estate of the Duke of Beaufort in the village of Great Badminton, Gloucestershire, England. Attached to the Duke of Beaufort's residence, Badminton House, it is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Gloucester. Although within the grounds of the Badminton Estate, the church is owned, and its upkeep met,  by the Badminton's Parochial Church Council, rather than the Ducal estate. There is a smaller church of the same name in the neighbouring hamlet of Little Badminton.

Henry Somerset, 2nd Duke of Beaufort
Henry Somerset, 2nd Duke of Beaufort, KG PC (2 April 1684 – 24 May 1714) was an English peer and politician. He was the only son of Charles Somerset, Marquess of Worcester, and Rebecca Child. He was styled Earl of Glamorgan until 1698, and Marquess of Worcester from 1698 until his grandfather's death on 21 January 1700, when he succeeded him as 2nd Duke of Beaufort.
Wooden Seated Child Manjusri of Sangwonsa Temple
The Wooden Seated Statue of the Child Mañjuśrī of Sangwonsa Temple (Korean: 상원사 목조문수동자좌상; Hanja: 上院寺 木彫文殊童子坐像) is a Korean Buddhist statue located at Sangwonsa on Mount Odae in Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province. Carved from wood and depicting the bodhisattva Mañjuśrī in the form of a child, it has been designated as  as the 221st National Treasure of South Korea.

Manjushri
Manjushri (Sanskrit: मञ्जुश्री, romanized: Mañjuśrī) is a bodhisattva who represents prajñā (transcendent wisdom) of the Buddhas in Mahāyāna Buddhism. The name "Mañjuśrī" is a combination of Sanskrit word "mañju" and an honorific "śrī"; it can be literally translated as "Beautiful One with Glory" or "Beautiful One with Auspiciousness". Mañjuśrī is also known by the fuller name of Mañjuśrīkumārabhūta (मञ्जुश्रीकुमारभूत), literally "Mañjuśrī, Still a Youth" or, less literally, "Prince Mañjuśrī". Another name of Mañjuśrī is Mañjughoṣa.
Flatow Amendment
The Flatow Amendment is an amendment to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 passed in 1996, which allows American victims of terrorism to sue countries that are designated as terrorism sponsors. The legislation establishes that foreign state sponsors of terrorism "shall be liable to a United States national … for personal injury or death caused by acts of that [party]…."

It is named after Stephen Flatow, whose daughter Alisa Flatow was killed in a suicide bombing attack carried out by militants belonging to the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine in 1995. After her death, Flatow commenced a series of lawsuits against the Iranian government.

US Courts are thus authorized to award money damages to said victims. The executive branch, however, has often resisted paying these judgments from frozen terrorist state assets by arguing that it would hamper presidential ability to conduct foreign affairs.

Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
The Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 (FSIA) is a United States law, codified at Title 28, §§ 1330, 1332, 1391(f), 1441(d), and 1602–1611 of the United States Code, that established criteria as to whether a foreign sovereign state (or its political subdivisions, agencies, or instrumentalities) is immune from the jurisdiction of the United States' federal or state courts. The Act also establishes specific procedures for service of process, attachment of property and execution of judgment in proceedings against a foreign state. The FSIA provides the exclusive basis and means to bring a civil suit against a foreign sovereign in the United States. It was signed into law by United States President Gerald Ford on October 21, 1976.
2015 Burundian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Burundi on 29 June 2015. The vote had been initially set for 5 June 2015, alongside local elections, but it was delayed due to unrest. Indirect elections to the Senate occurred on 24 July.

Union for National Progress
The Union for National Progress (French: Union pour le Progrès national, UPRONA) is a nationalist political party in Burundi. Initially it emerged as a nationalist united front in opposition to Belgian colonial rule but subsequently became an integral part of the one-party state established by Michel Micombero after 1966. Dominated by members of the Tutsi ethnic group and increasingly intolerant to their Hutu counterparts, UPRONA remained the dominant force in Burundian politics until the latter stages of the Burundian Civil War in 2003. It is currently a minor opposition party.
Rhodope (regional unit)
Rhodope (Greek: Ροδόπη, Rodópi [roˈðopi]) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of East Macedonia and Thrace. Its name is derived from the Rhodope Mountains, which cover the northern part of its territory. Together with the regional units Evros and Xanthi, it forms the geographical region of Western Thrace. The capital of the prefecture is the city of Komotini. The second largest town is Sapes. Most of the Muslims of Thrace, the only officially recognized minority in Greece, are settled in this area, where they form around half of the regional unit's population.

Mosynopolis
Mosynopolis (Greek: Μοσυνόπολις), of which only ruins now remain in Greek Thrace, was a city in the Roman province of Rhodope, which was known  until the 9th century as Maximianopolis (Μαξιμιανούπολις) or, to distinguish it from other cities of the same name, as Maximianopolis in Rhodope.
The Kids Aren't Alright
"The Kids Aren't Alright" is a song by the Offspring. It is the fifth track from the band's fifth studio album, Americana (1998), and was released as its third single. It became another top 10 hit on the US Modern Rock Tracks chart.

The song was played over the end credits of Woodstock 99: Peace, Love, and Rage. The song was used in the opening scene of the film The Faculty and appears on the soundtrack album. It is also available as downloadable content for the Rock Band video game series.

Q reported that the song's title is an allusion to the Who song "The Kids Are Alright" (from My Generation). The magazine also argued that the track "borrows heavily" from "Electricity" by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, and pointed to NOFX's punk rock cover of "Electricity" as evidence.

The Kids Are Alright (song)
"The Kids Are Alright" is a song written by Pete Townshend and recorded by the English rock band The Who. It appears as the seventh track on their debut album My Generation (1965). "The Kids Are Alright" is included on the list of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll, and has been regarded by many as one of the band's finest songs and one of the most important and recognizable anthems of the 1960s.
Castle House, Dedham
Castle House in Dedham, Essex, England, was the home of Sir Alfred Munnings from 1919 till his death in 1959. Architecturally the building contains a mixture of Tudor and Georgian elements.

Shortly after his death his widow established The Violet Munnings Trust Fund in 1962 to establish and run an Art Museum in Castle House, in accordance with Munnings' wish that his pictures and estate be left to the nation. In 1965 Castle House Trust was formed whereby the house itself, surrounding land, all of Munnings' paintings still in the possession of Lady Munnings, and further amounts of money and investments were made over to the Trust to form the basis of a museum of his works.

Dedham, Essex
Dedham is a village and civil parish in the City of Colchester district of Essex, England. It is near the River Stour, which is the border of Essex and Suffolk. The nearest town to Dedham is the small market town of Manningtree. The area around Dedham is recognised for its natural beauty, being designated as the Dedham Vale National Landscape. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,992.
CSR 50
(not to be confused with the Danish SAI CSR 50 rifle)

The CSR 50 is a .50 BMG bolt-action anti-materiel rifle. buil by UAE-based Caracal International. The gun uses a 7075 aluminum receiver and stock. It combines a capacity magazine with 10 rounds Barrett M82/M107A1.The gun weighs 20.94 lb. (9.5 kg) without the magazine. It is built and developed by Caracal International.

Caracal International
Caracal International LLC is an Emirati small arms manufacturer headquartered in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. The company designs, produces, tests, and assembles a large variety of small arms for law enforcement organizations and military personnel. It is a subsidiary of EDGE Group.
Casteau
Casteau (Walloon: Castea) originated as a village in the Hainaut province of Wallonia, in the French speaking south of Belgium. Casteau has become a district of the municipality of Soignies, centred around Soignies (town), and together with the former villages, now districts: Chaussée-Notre-Dame-Louvignies, Horrues, Naast, Neufvilles, and Thieusies.

The village is located between the towns of Mons and Soignies on the Mons-Brussels road. The river Obrecheuil flows through the village. In the past, there were some watermills along the river.

Horrues
Horrues (French pronunciation: [ɔʁy]; Walloon: Orû) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Soignies, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

Since 1977, it has composed the municipality of Soignies along with the others villages Casteau, Chaussée-Notre-Dame-Louvignies, Naast, Neufvilles, Soignies (town), and Thieusies.
Gaussian optics
Gaussian optics is a technique in geometrical optics that describes the behaviour of light rays in optical systems by using the paraxial approximation, in which only rays which make small angles with the optical axis of the system are considered. In this approximation, trigonometric functions can be expressed as linear functions of the angles. Gaussian optics applies to systems in which all the optical surfaces are either flat or are portions of a sphere. In this case, simple explicit formulae can be given for parameters of an imaging system such as focal length, magnification and brightness, in terms of the geometrical shapes and material properties of the constituent elements.

Gaussian optics is named after mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss, who showed that an optical system can be characterized by a series of cardinal points, which allow one to calculate its optical properties.

Cardinal point (optics)
In Gaussian optics, the cardinal points consist of three pairs of points located on the optical axis of a rotationally symmetric, focal, optical system. These are the focal points, the principal points, and the nodal points; there are two of each. For ideal systems, the basic imaging properties such as image size, location, and orientation are completely determined by the locations of the cardinal points. For simple cases where the medium on both sides of an optical system is air or vacuum, four cardinal points are sufficient: the two focal points and either the principal points or the nodal points. The only ideal system that has been achieved in practice is a plane mirror, however the cardinal points are widely used to approximate the behavior of real optical systems. Cardinal points provide a way to analytically simplify an optical system with many components, allowing the imaging characteristics of the system to be approximately determined with simple calculations.
Spalacotherium
Spalacotherium is a genus of extinct mammal from the Early Cretaceous of Europe. The type species Spalacotherium tricuspidens was originally named by Richard Owen in 1854, and its material includes maxillary and dentary fragments and many teeth from the Berriasian Lulworth Formation of southern England. Referred species include S. taylori, S. evansae and S. hookeri also from the Lulworth deposits, and S. henkeli from Barremian deposits of Galve, Spain. The Lulworth taxon Peralestes longirostris, named by Owen in 1871, is a junior synonym of the type species S. tricuspidens. Spalacotherium is the namesake taxon of the family Spalacotheriidae, which is an extinct clade within Trechnotheria that may be closely related to the Gondwanan clade Meridiolestida, or united with the family Zhangheotheriidae to form Symmetrodonta.S. evansae is also from the Berriasian aged Angeac-Charente bonebed in western France.

Spalacotheriidae
Spalacotheriidae is a family of extinct mammals belonging to the paraphyletic group 'Symmetrodonta'. They lasted from the Early Cretaceous to the Campanian in North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa.

Spalacotheriids are characterised by having molar teeth with three molar cusps sitting at acute angles to one another. The shape of their teeth as well as their long lower jaw indicate a carnivorous/insectivorous diet.

A sub-group of Spalacotheriidae, the spalacolestines, lack a Meckelian groove in the jaw, indicating that they had a modern ear anatomy.
Chauncey Marvin Holt
Chauncey Marvin Holt  (October 23, 1921 – June 28, 1997) was an American known for claiming to be one of the "three tramps" photographed in Dealey Plaza shortly after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

Three tramps
The three tramps are three men photographed by several Dallas-area newspapers under police escort near the Texas School Book Depository shortly after the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. Since the mid-1960s, various allegations have been made about the identities of the men and their involvement in a conspiracy to kill Kennedy. The three men were later identified from Dallas Police Department records as Gus Abrams, Harold Doyle, and John Gedney.
Gadakot
Gandakot  is a town in Rampur Municipality in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Gadakot, Gegha, Khaliban, Darchha village development committee. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,965 people living in 898 individual households.

Gejha
Gejha  is a town in the Rampur Municipality of the Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. This municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Gadakot, Gejha, Khaliban, and Darchha village development committee. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 4804 people, living in 851 individual households. In 2015, the population of Gejha stood at 5,597.
Clervaux railway station
Clervaux railway station (Luxembourgish: Gare Klierf, French: Gare de Clervaux, German: Bahnhof Clerf) is a railway station serving Clervaux, in northern Luxembourg.  It is operated by Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois, the state-owned railway company.

The station is situated on Line 10, which connects Luxembourg City to the centre and north of the country.

Clervaux
Clervaux (French: [klɛʁvo]; Luxembourgish: Clierf [kliɐ̯f] ⓘ or locally Cliärref [ˈkli̯ɛʀəf]; German: Clerf [klɛʁf]) is a commune and town in northern Luxembourg, situated in the canton of the same name.

The town's arms, granted in 1896, show three blackbirds on a gold ground in the chief of a red shield, as a variation of the arms of the former Lords of Clervaux.

As of 2025, the town of Clervaux, which lies in the southwest of the commune, has a population of 1,609.
Indicator function
In mathematics, an indicator function or a characteristic function of a subset of a set is a function that maps elements of the subset to one, and all other elements to zero. That is, if A is a subset of some set X, then the indicator function of A is the function  defined by  if  and  otherwise. Other common notations are 𝟙A and

The indicator function of A is the Iverson bracket of the property of belonging to A; that is,

For example, the Dirichlet function is the indicator function of the rational numbers as a subset of the real numbers.

Dirichlet function
In mathematics, the Dirichlet function is the indicator function  of the set of rational numbers  over the set of real numbers , i.e.  for a real number x if x is a rational number and  if x is not a rational number (i.e. is an irrational number).

It is named after the mathematician Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet. It is an example of a pathological function which provides counterexamples to many situations.
Zenith STOL CH 701
The Zenith STOL CH 701 and CH 750 are a family of light, two-place kit-built STOL aircraft designed by Canadian aeronautical engineer Chris Heintz through his Midland, Ontario, based company, Zenair. The CH 701 first flew in 1986 and the design is still in production. The CH 750 was first introduced in 2008. The CH 701 was later developed into the four-place Zenith STOL CH 801.

The kit is produced and distributed in the US by the Zenith Aircraft Company of Mexico, Missouri, and complete drawings, including blueprints and manuals, are also available for the design. In Europe, the CH 701 was manufactured under license by Czech Aircraft Works (CZAW) from 1992 until 2006, when the license agreement was ended.

Rotax 912
The Rotax 912 is a horizontally-opposed four-cylinder, naturally-aspirated, four-stroke aircraft engine with a  reduction gearbox. It features liquid-cooled cylinder heads and air-cooled cylinders. Originally equipped with carburetors, later versions are fuel injected. Dominating the market for small aircraft and kitplanes, Rotax produced its 50,000th 912-series engine in 2014.  Originally available only for light sport aircraft, ultralight aircraft, autogyros and drones, the 912-series engine was approved for certified aircraft in 1995.
Acanthocobitis
Acanthocobitis is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish of the stone loach family, Nemacheilidae. Recent work has suggested that the genus be split into two with the former subgenus Paracanthocobitis being raised to a full species, leaving just the type species, Acanthocobitis pavonacea, in the current genus.

Paracanthocobitis
Paracanthocobitis is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Nemacheilidae, the stone loaches. This genus is known from the Indus basin in Pakistan to the Mekong basin of Cambodia and Laos The type species is Paracanthocobitis zonalternans. Some authorities treat this as a subgenus of Acanthocobitis
Kennedy Road Stakes
The Kennedy Road Stakes is a thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Run during the latter part of November, the Grade II sprint race is open to horses aged three and older.  Raced over a distance of 6 furlongs, it currently offers a purse of C$200,000. The race was originally run on a natural dirt surface, but since 2006 has been on a synthetic "all weather" surface (Polytrack from 2005 to 2015, Tapeta starting in 2016).

Inaugurated in 1989 as the Kennedy Road Handicap, it was named in honour of Kennedy Road, the 1973 Canadian Horse of the Year and a Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee.

Woodbine Racetrack
Woodbine Racetrack is a race track for Thoroughbred horse racing in the Etobicoke area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by Woodbine Entertainment Group, Woodbine Racetrack manages and hosts Canada's most famous race, the King's Plate. The track was opened in 1956 with a one-mile oval dirt track, as well as a seven-eights turf course. It has been extensively remodeled since 1993, and since 1994 has had three racecourses.
Inuit Ataqatigiit
Inuit Ataqatigiit ([inuit atɑqat͡siɣiːt], old spelling: Inuit Ataĸatigît, lit. 'Community of the People', Danish: Folkets Samfund, IA) is a democratic socialist, pro-independence political party in Greenland. It is represented in the Folketing (the Danish parliament) by Aaja Chemnitz. Múte Bourup Egede has been the party's leader since December 2018.

Greenlandic independence
Greenlandic independence (Greenlandic: Namminersulivinneq) is a nationalist political ambition of most political parties (such as Siumut, Inuit Ataqatigiit, Naleraq, and Nunatta Qitornai), advocacy groups, and individuals of Greenland, an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, to become an independent sovereign state.
Headquarters Building, Keswick Barracks
Headquarters Building (Building 32) is a heritage-listed office building at Keswick Barracks, Anzac Highway, Keswick, South Australia, Australia. It was added to the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 22 June 2004 and the former Register of the National Estate on 28 September 1982.

Keswick, South Australia
Keswick(/ˈkɛzɪk/) is an inner south-western suburb of Adelaide, adjacent to the park lands, and located in the City of West Torrens. The suburb is home to the Keswick Barracks, the headquarters of the Royal District Nursing Service, the Keswick Cricket Club and Richmond Primary School.

The Adelaide Parklands Terminal for interstate passenger trains, formerly known as Keswick Terminal, was within the boundary of the suburb until 1987 when, inclusive of adjacent business sites and covering a total area of 56.6 hectares (140 acres), it was declared a suburb in its own right.
Fern Elementary School (California)
Fern Elementary School, previously known as Fern Avenue School, is a public elementary school that is in Torrance, California, and a part of the Torrance Unified School District (TUSD). It is on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as #92000067 on February 20, 1992.

As of 2003 its attendance area includes portions of Torrance west of Madrid Avenue.

Torrance Unified School District
Torrance Unified School District (TUSD) is a school district in Los Angeles County, California, with its headquarters in Torrance.

The district board of education has a president, a vice president, a clerk, and two members. As of 2021, the District Superintendent is Tim Stowe. The TUSD suburban schools generally rank high academically; West High School has won several County Academic Decathlons.

The current board consists of Jasmine Park (president), Anil Muhammed (vice president), Betty Lieu (clerk), and James Han.
Peachtree Park
Peachtree Park is a neighborhood in the Buckhead Community of Atlanta, Georgia.

It is bounded by:

Peachtree Road and North Buckhead on the northwest

Georgia 400 and Lenox Square and Pine Hills on the east

MARTA north-south rail line and the Miami Circle design district of Lindbergh/Morosgo on the southeast

Piedmont Road and Buckhead Village and Garden Hills on the west

Lindbergh, Atlanta
Lindbergh, officially Lindbergh/Morosgo, is a neighborhood in the Buckhead district of Atlanta, Georgia. Most of the neighborhood consists of multi-use development combining retail, office and residential space.
London Borough of Sutton
The London Borough of Sutton (pronunciationⓘ) is an Outer London borough in south London, England. It covers an area of 43 km2 (17 sq mi) and is the 80th largest local authority in England by population. It borders the London Borough of Croydon to the east, the London Borough of Merton to the north and the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames to the north-west; it also borders the Surrey boroughs of Epsom and Ewell to the west and Reigate and Banstead to the south. The local authority is Sutton London Borough Council. Its principal town is Sutton.

The borough has had some of the schools with the best results in the country.

Low levels of recorded crime have been a feature of the borough, being among the lowest in London.

The London Borough of Sutton was one of the four "vanguard areas" selected in 2010 for the Big Society initiative.

Beddington
Beddington is a suburban settlement in the London Borough of Sutton.  Beddington is formed from a village of the same name which until early the 20th century still included land which became termed entirely as Wallington. By the 13th century, the latter was also partially known as Hakebrug, and named after a bridge on the River Wandle. The locality has a landscaped wooded park at Beddington Park – also known as Carew Manor.  Alongside it, there are a nature reserve and sewage treatment works in the centre and to the north of its area respectively. The population of Beddington according to the 2011 census is 21,044.

Beddington forms part of the Carshalton and Wallington constituency, which, since 2024, is represented in Westminster by Bobby Dean, a Liberal Democrat.