hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spike-and-slab regression
Spike-and-slab regression is a type of Bayesian linear regression in which a particular hierarchical prior distribution for the regression coefficients is chosen such that only a subset of the possible regressors is retained. The technique is particularly useful when the number of possible predictors is larger than the number of observations. The idea of the spike-and-slab model was originally proposed by Mitchell & Beauchamp (1988). The approach was further significantly developed by Madigan & Raftery (1994) and George & McCulloch (1997). A recent and important contribution to this literature is Ishwaran & Rao (2005).

Bayesian linear regression
Bayesian linear regression is a type of conditional modeling in which the mean of one variable is described by a linear combination of other variables, with the goal of obtaining the posterior probability of the regression coefficients (as well as other parameters describing the distribution of the regressand) and ultimately allowing the out-of-sample prediction of the regressand (often labelled ) conditional on observed values of the regressors (usually ). The simplest and most widely used version of this model is the normal linear model, in which  given  is distributed Gaussian. In this model, and under a particular choice of prior probabilities for the parameters—so-called conjugate priors—the posterior can be found analytically. With more arbitrarily chosen priors, the posteriors generally have to be approximated.
Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital
Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital is a rural teaching hospital in Sayre, Pennsylvania. It was founded as Robert Packer Hospital in 1885, making it the oldest hospital in the Twin Tiers of Pennsylvania and New York. The hospital is a primary stroke center and level I trauma center. It has received numerous awards, including being named one of the Truven Top 50 Cardiovascular Hospitals 10 times since 2001, "America’s 100 Best Hospitals for Coronary Intervention" by HealthGrades in 2017, 2018, and 2019 and receiving a Bariatric Surgery Excellence Award in 2019. It has also received a Center of Distinction Award for wound care and hyperbarics in 2018.

Sayre, Pennsylvania
Sayre is a borough in Bradford County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania. It is the principal city in the Sayre, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area. It lies 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Elmira, New York, and 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Binghamton. It is currently the largest city in Bradford County.The population was 5,403 at the 2020 census.

Sayre is part of the Penn-York Valley ("The Valley"), a group of four contiguous communities in New York and Pennsylvania: Waverly, New York; South Waverly, Pennsylvania; Sayre; Athens, Pennsylvania, and smaller surrounding communities with a combined population near 35,000.
Hayti, South Dakota
Hayti (pronounced "HAY-tie") is a town in and the county seat of Hamlin County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 393 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Watertown, South Dakota Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the county seat of Hamlin County.

According to tradition, the name is derived from the practice of tying bundles of hay to be burned on the prairie, hence the name Hay-tie.

Watertown micropolitan area, South Dakota
The Watertown Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in South Dakota, anchored by the city of Watertown. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 31,437 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 31,922).
History of Yemen
Yemen is one of the oldest centers of civilization in the Near East. Its relatively fertile land and adequate rainfall in a moister climate helped sustain a stable population, a feature recognized by the ancient Greek geographer Ptolemy, who described Yemen as Eudaimon Arabia, meaning "Fertile Arabia" or "Happy Arabia". The South Arabian alphabet was developed at latest between the 12th century BC and the 6th century AD, when Yemen was successively dominated by six civilizations that controlled the lucrative spice trade: Ma'in, Qataban, Hadhramaut, Awsan, Saba, and Himyar. With the 630 AD arrival of Islam, Yemen became part of the wider Muslim world, where it has remained.

Ziyadid dynasty
The Ziyadid dynasty (Arabic: الزياديون) was a Muslim dynasty that ruled western Yemen from 819 until 1018 from the capital city of Zabid. It was the first dynastic regime to wield power over the Yemeni lowland after the introduction of Islam in about 630.
Minister of Home Affairs (Bangladesh)
The home minister of Bangladesh is the minister in charge of the Ministry of Home Affairs of the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. He is also the minister of all departments and agencies under the Ministry of Home Affairs. During the Caretaker government period the minister of Home affairs is known as Adviser of Home affairs.

Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman was the first person appointed to this office by the then Mujibnagar government formed during the Bangladesh War of Independence in 1971.

Ministry of Home Affairs (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (Bengali: স্বরাষ্ট্র মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Swôrāstrô Montronaloy) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for internal security, law enforcement, and domestic policy. It serves as the country’s principal interior ministry and oversees key law enforcement, paramilitary, and intelligence agencies. The ministry is also responsible for public safety and policing, border security, immigration, the issuance of passports, and civil registration.
Cartesian coordinate robot
A Cartesian coordinate robot (also called linear robot) is an industrial robot whose three principal axes of control are linear (i.e. they move in a straight line rather than rotate) and are at right angles to each other. The three sliding joints correspond to moving the wrist up-down, in-out, back-forth. Among other advantages, this mechanical arrangement simplifies the robot control arm solution. It has high reliability and precision when operating in three-dimensional space. As a robot coordinate system, it is also effective for horizontal travel and for stacking bins.

Cartesian parallel manipulators
In robotics, Cartesian parallel manipulators are manipulators that move a platform using parallel-connected kinematic linkages ('limbs') lined up with a Cartesian coordinate system.  Multiple limbs connect the moving platform to a base. Each limb is driven by a linear actuator and the linear actuators are mutually perpendicular.  The term 'parallel' here refers to the way that the kinematic linkages are put together, it does not connote geometrically parallel; i.e., equidistant lines.
California Health Sciences University
California Health Sciences University (CHSU) is a private, for-profit university located in Clovis, in the U.S. state of California. Founded in 2012, the school operates two academic programs, which offer doctoral degrees in pharmacy and osteopathic medicine. Graduates of the College of Osteopathic Medicine will receive the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree. The College of Osteopathic Medicine is fully pre-accredited by the American Osteopathic Association's (AOA) Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation (COCA).

Clovis, California
Clovis is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. It was established in 1890 as a freight stop for the San Joaquin Valley Railroad by a group of Fresno businessmen and Michigan railroad speculator Marcus Pollasky. The railroad bought the land from two farmers and named the station after one of them, Clovis Cole. Pollasky then developed a town on the site, also named Clovis.

The completion of the lumber flume in 1894 led to the growth of the area around Clovis Station where a lumberyard and sawmill were built. Clovis was officially incorporated as a city in 1912. Today, Clovis celebrates its heritage as an American frontier town, known for its rodeo, Old Town Clovis historic district, and its motto "Clovis – A Way of Life."

In the 2020 census, the population was 120,124. Clovis is located 6.5 miles (10.5 km) northeast of downtown Fresno, at an elevation of 361 feet (110 m).
Joseon Army
The Joseon Army (Korean: 조선군대; Hanja: 朝鮮軍隊) was the army of the Korean dynasty of Joseon (1392–1897). The army defended the northern borders but seldom defended the southern regions. The army was best known for fending off the Jurchen raids and conquering the Korean Peninsula. However, Joseon's neo-Confucianism disavowed military development, causing them to be vulnerable to Japanese and Manchu invasions. Despite this, Joseon kept strengthening the army until the 19th century, when western powers and the Japanese forced them to open doors and modernize the army.

Joseon Navy
The Joseon Navy (Korean: 조선 수군; Hanja: 朝鮮水軍) was the navy of the Korean dynasty of Joseon. While originally commissioned to protect merchant vessels and coastal towns from Japanese pirate raids, the Joseon navy is best known for defeating the Japanese naval forces during the Imjin War and is often credited with halting the Japanese invasion campaign and saving the dynasty from conquest.
1979 South Korean presidential election
Presidential elections were held in South Korea on 6 December 1979 following the assassination of Park Chung Hee on 26 October. The members of the National Conference for Unification, who among other things, were responsible for election of president, choose Prime Minister Choi Kyu-hah as the President of the Republic of Korea unopposed; Choi had been acting President since Park's death.

President Choi was supposed to serve for the remainder of late President Park's term, which would have ended in 1984. However, a coup d'état took place six days after the elections, with Chun Doo-hwan seizing power. He allowed Choi to remain in power for eight months, before being elected president in August 1980.

1980 South Korean presidential election
Indirect presidential elections were held in South Korea on 27 August 1980 to fill the vacancy caused by President Choi Kyu-hah's resignation.

Under the 1972 Yushin Constitution, the president was elected by the National Conference for Unification, whose 2,540 members had been elected for a six-year term of office in December 1978. General Chun Doo-hwan was the only candidate, and was elected unopposed.

Choi was to serve for the remainder of the 1978–1984 term of longtime president Park Chung-hee, who had died in 1979 and been replaced by him. However, Chun subsequently decided to stage a coup and end the Fourth Republic and draft a new constitution, which was promulgated in October 1980 after being approved in a referendum. The first presidential election under the new constitution was held in February 1981, and Chun was elected by an overwhelming majority under controversial circumstances.
Cossacks of the Kuban
Cossacks of the Kuban (Russian: Кубанские казаки, romanized: Kubanskie kazaki) from Mosfilm is a color film, glorifying the life of the farmers in the kolkhoz of the Soviet Union's Kuban region, directed by Ivan Pyryev and starring Marina Ladynina, his wife at that time. The movie premiered on 26 February 1950.

Sergei Lukyanov
Sergei Vladimirovich Lukyanov (Russian: Сергей Владимирович Лукья́нов; 27 September 1910 — 1 March 1965) was a Soviet stage and film actor. He was a People's Artist of the RSFSR (1952) and the winner of two Stalin Prizes of the second degree (1951, 1952).
Somerleyton railway station
Somerleyton railway station is on the Wherry Lines in the east of England, serving the village of Somerleyton, Suffolk. It is 18 miles (29 km) down the line from Norwich on the route to Lowestoft, and is less than 2 miles (3.2 km) from Somerleyton Hall on foot. Its three-letter station code is SYT.

The station is managed by Greater Anglia, which also operates all of the trains that call.

In The Rings of Saturn, the author W. G. Sebald describes travelling by train from Norwich and crossing the line to walk to Somerleyton Hall.

Somerleyton
Somerleyton (/ˈsʌmərleɪtən/ SUM-ər-lay-tən) is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Somerleyton, Ashby and Herringfleet, in the East Suffolk district, in the north of the English county of Suffolk. It is 4.5 miles (7.2 km) north-west of Lowestoft and 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south-west of Great Yarmouth. The village is closely associated with Somerleyton Hall and was largely rebuilt as a model village in the 19th century at the direction of Samuel Morton Peto. The parish was combined with Herringfleet and Ashby to create the parish of "Somerleyton, Ashby and Herringfleet" on 1 April 1987. This town is the birthplace of the Hovercraft.

The village is on the edge of The Broads national park with the River Waveney forming the western boundary of the former parish. This forms the county border with Norfolk and the Suffolk village of Blundeston is to the east. The village has a population of around 300.
2017 Speedway Under-21 World Championship
The 2017 Individual Speedway Under 21 World Championship was the 41st edition of the FIM Individual Under-21 World Championship and was staged over three rounds, at Poznań, Güstrow and Pardubice.

Maksym Drabik of Poland won the title.

Speedway Under-21 World Championship
The Speedway Under-21 World Championship is an annual speedway event held each year organized by the International Motorcycling Federation (FIM) since 1977.

As of 2022, the title was awarded to the winner of the SGP2 category at the FIM Speedway World Championship.
Rhododendron minus var. minus
Rhododendron minus var. minus, the Carolina azalea or Carolina rhododendron, is a rhododendron species native to the mountains of North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Northeast Georgia. It is commonly known as Rhododendron carolinianum in the horticultural trade.

Rhododendron
Rhododendron (/ˌroʊdəˈdɛndrən/; pl.: rhododendra), from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon), meaning "rose", and δένδρον (déndron), meaning "tree", is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan region, but smaller numbers occur elsewhere in Asia, and in North America, Europe and Australia.

It is the national flower of Nepal, the state flower of Washington and West Virginia in the United States, the state flower of Nagaland and Himachal Pradesh in India, the provincial flower of Jeju Province in South Korea, the provincial flower of Jiangxi in China and the state tree of Sikkim and Uttarakhand in India. Most species have brightly coloured flowers which bloom from late winter through to early summer.

Azaleas make up two subgenera of Rhododendron. They are distinguished from "true" rhododendrons by having only five anthers per flower.
The Battle of Kerzhenets
The Battle of Kerzhenets (Russian: Сеча при Керженце; tr.: Secha pri Kerzhentse) is a 1971 Soviet animated film directed by Ivan Ivanov-Vano and Yuri Norstein. The film is set to music by Rimsky-Korsakov and uses Russian frescoes and paintings from the 14th–16th centuries. These are animated using 2-dimensional stop motion animation.

Ivan Ivanov-Vano
Ivan Petrovich Ivanov-Vano (Russian: Иван Петрович Иванов-Вано; 8 February [O.S. 27 January] 1900 – 25 March 1987), born Ivanov, was a Soviet and Russian animation director, animator, screenwriter, educator, professor at Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (VGIK). One of the pioneers of the Soviet animation school, he is sometimes called the "Patriarch of Soviet animation". He was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1985.
2008 French Polynesian legislative election
Early legislative elections were held in French Polynesia in early 2008. The first round was held on 27 January, with the second round on 10 February. The early elections was the first one to be conducted under a reformed electoral system.

ʻĀmuitahiraʻa o te Nūnaʻa Māʻohi
Amuitahiraʻa o te Nunaʻa Maohi (French: Rassemblement du peuple Maohi, lit. 'Rally of the Maohi People'), known as Tāhōʻēraʻa Huiraʻatira (French: Rassemblement populaire, lit. 'Popular Rally') until January 2022, is a political party in French Polynesia. The party is conservative, pro-independence and pro-association. It was founded in 1977 by Gaston Flosse, who initially supported French Polynesia's autonomy arrangement with France before his current support for independent association with France, and who has led the party for over 20 years.

Historically, the party was backed by most non-Polynesian settlers (Europeans and Asians) in French Polynesia; nonetheless the party had to rely on Polynesian support to win elections, as they make up 70% of the territory's population.
Wesley Updike
Wesley Russell Updike (1900 – 1972) was an American educator, soldier, and father of author John Updike, husband of writer Linda Grace Hoyer Updike, and grandfather of David Updike.  Wesley Updike served as a prominent model for many main characters his son's works, including as the central character in The Centaur (1963), which won the National Book Award for Fiction, and Updike's family history is broadly paralleled in In the Beauty of the Lilies (1996).

Linda Grace Hoyer Updike
Linda Grace Hoyer Updike (1904–1989) was an American writer from Plowville, Pennsylvania. She was the mother of the writer John Updike and grandmother of the writer David Updike. Linda Updike also served as the model for several of her son's characters, including one of the main characters in the novel Of the Farm.
Mai-Liao Power Corporation
The Mai-Liao Power Corporation (MPC; traditional Chinese: 麥寮汽電; simplified Chinese: 麦寮汽电; pinyin: Màiliáo Qìdiàn) is an independent power producer company in Taiwan. The total electricity installed capacity of the company is 1,800 MW and is produced using thermal power. The company is the subsidiary of Formosa Plastics Group.

Formosa Plastics Group
Formosa Plastics Group (FPG, Chinese: 臺塑企業; pinyin: Tái Sù Jítuán) is a titular Taiwanese conglomerate of diverse interests, including biotechnology, petrochemical processing and production of electronics components.  The group was founded by Wang Yung-ching and his brother Wang Yung-tsai, and is chaired by Wong Wen-yuan. Despite its name, its holdings include several companies prominent in the high tech electronics sector, including VIA Technologies and Nanya Technology Corporation.
Alfred Naqqache
Alfred Georges Naccache (or Naqqache; Arabic: ألفرد جورج النقاش; 3 May 1888– 26 September 1978) was a Lebanese statesman, Prime Minister and head of state during the French Mandate of Lebanon. In 1919 he contributed to La Revue Phénicienne which was established by Charles Corm in Beirut. He was serving as prime minister when he was appointed president by the French authorities after the resignation of Emile Edde. Pierre-Georges Arlabosse served as acting president for 6 days before Naccache assumed office. From 1953 to 1955 he served as foreign minister. The National Museum of Beirut was opened by him on 27 May 1942.

A street in the Lebanese capital Beirut is named in his honor.

President of Lebanon
The president of the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية, romanized: Ra’īs al-Jumhūriyyah al-Lubnāniyyah) is the head of state of Lebanon. The president is elected by the parliament for a term of six years, which cannot be renewed immediately because they can only be renewed non-consecutively. By convention, the president is always a Maronite Christian who fulfills the same requirements as a candidate for the house of representatives, as per article 49 of the Lebanese constitution.

The current holder is Joseph Aoun, who took office on 9 January 2025.
BattleTechnology
BattleTechnology is a magazine that was published irregularly between 1987 and 1995 by Pacific Rim Publishing Company dedicated to BattleTech, a tabletop game of futuristic combat published at the time by FASA Corporation.  The magazine includes game scenarios, optional rules, technical specifications for BattleMechs and other units, historical and current events in the fictional BattleTech universe, and short fiction, all of which was approved by FASA.  The magazine is considered an official source of optional materials for the game.

BattleTechnology has an 8.5" x 11" format and generally includes about 60 pages per issue.  Its subtitle is, "the magazine of combat in the 31st century."

BattleTech
BattleTech is a wargaming and military science fiction franchise launched by FASA Corporation in 1984, acquired by WizKids in 2001, which was in turn acquired by Topps in 2003; and published since 2007 by Catalyst Game Labs. The trademark is currently owned by Topps and, for video games, Microsoft Gaming; Catalyst Game Studios licenses the franchise from Topps.

The series began with FASA's debut of the board game BattleTech (originally named Battledroids) by Jordan Weisman and L. Ross Babcock III and has since grown to include numerous expansions to the original game, several board games, role playing games, video games, a collectible card game, a series of more than 100 novels, and an animated television series.
Corpus Clock
52°12.2256′N 0°7.0584′E﻿ / ﻿52.2037600°N 0.1176400°E﻿ / 52.2037600; 0.1176400

The Corpus Clock, also known as the Chronophage or the Grasshopper clock, is a large sculptural clock on the outside of the Taylor Library at Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge, in England. It is at street level at the junction of Bene't Street and Trumpington Street, looking out over King's Parade, Cambridge. The clock was conceived and funded by John Taylor, an alumnus and honorary fellow of the college.

It was officially unveiled to the public on 19 September 2008 by Cambridge physicist Stephen Hawking. The clock was named one of Time's Best Inventions of 2008.

Trumpington Street
Trumpington Street is a major historic street in central Cambridge, England. At the north end it continues as King's Parade where King's College is located. To the south it continues as Trumpington Road (the A1134), an arterial route out of Cambridge, at the junction with Lensfield Road.
Cefiderocol
Cefiderocol, sold under the brand name Fetroja (by Shionogi) among others, is an antibiotic used to treat complicated urinary tract infections when no other options are available. It is indicated for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is given by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include diarrhea, infusion site reactions, constipation and rash.

Cefiderocol is in the cephalosporin family of medications. It was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2019, and in the European Union in April 2020. In September 2020, cefiderocol (Fetroja) received FDA approval as supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for treatment of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP) when caused by Gram-negative bacteria resistant to other antibiotics. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Cephalosporin
The cephalosporins (sg. /ˌsɛfələˈspɔːrɪn, ˌkɛ-, -loʊ-/) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungal genus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium.

Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics called cephems. Cephalosporins were discovered in 1945, and first sold in 1964.