hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erythroxylum
Erythroxylum is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the tropane alkaloid cocaine, and two of the species within this genus, Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense, both native to South America, are the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, Erythroxylum vaccinifolium (also known as catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine. Erythroxylum australe was traditionally used by Aboriginal Australians for rites and other practices.

Erythroxylum vaccinifolium
Erythroxylum vaccinifolium is a flowering plant species in the genus Erythroxylum.

It is used to prepare catuaba, an infusion used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian herbal medicine. It contains a class of tropane alkaloids called catuabines, more specifically the alkaloids catuabine A, B and C.
Rasht District
Rasht District (Tajik: ноҳияи Рашт Nohiyai Rasht, formerly called Gharm District (Tajik: ноҳияи Ғарм)) is a district in Tajikistan, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It lies between the city of Vahdat in the west and Lakhsh District in the east; its southern neighbors are Nurobod, Sangvor, and Tojikobod districts; its northern border runs along the eastern finger of Sughd Region and along the international border with Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is the town of Gharm. The population of Rasht District are known as Gharmi Tajiks. The population of the district is 127,400 (January 2020 estimate).

Sangvor District
Sangvor District (Russian: Район Сангвор; Tajik: Ноҳияи Сангвор Nohiyai Sangvor, before 2016: Tavildara District) is a district of Tajikistan. It lies in the eastern part of the Districts of Republican Subordination, extending north of the Darvaz Range that forms the boundary of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO). Its northern boundary stretches along Rasht, Tojikobod, and Lakhsh districts. Its capital is Tavildara. The population of the district is 23,300 (January 2020 estimate).
Native Command Queuing
In computing, Native Command Queuing (NCQ) is an extension of the Serial ATA protocol allowing hard disk drives to internally optimize the order in which received read and write commands are executed. This can reduce the amount of unnecessary drive head movement, resulting in increased performance (and slightly decreased wear of the drive) for workloads where multiple simultaneous read/write requests are outstanding, most often occurring in server-type applications.

I/O scheduling
Input/output (I/O) scheduling is the method that computer operating systems use to decide in which order I/O operations will be submitted to storage volumes. I/O scheduling is sometimes called disk scheduling.
Azerbaijani laundromat
The Azerbaijani laundromat is a complex money-laundering scheme organized by the Republic of Azerbaijan that was revealed by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) in September 2017. The investigations exposed that between 2012 and 2014 about US $2.9 billion was siphoned through European companies and banks. The money was used to pay off Western politicians in an attempt to whitewash Azerbaijan's reputation abroad.

Russian Laundromat
The Russian Laundromat was a scheme to move $20–80 billion out of Russia from 2010 to 2014 through a network of global banks, many of them in Moldova and Latvia. The Guardian reported that around 500 people were suspected of being involved, many of whom were wealthy Russians. The money laundering scheme was uncovered by Global Laundromat, an investigation. The New Yorker says that that operation was known as "The Russian Laundromat," "The Global Laundromat," or "The Moldovan Scheme." The Herald wrote that the scheme is "thought to be the world's biggest and most elaborate money-laundering scheme."
Puerto del Carmen
Puerto del Carmen (Pto. del Carmen) is the main tourist town on the island of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain. It is part of the municipality of Tías. Most of Lanzarote's over 1 million visitors per year choose this town as their destination. As a result, almost all of the town's economy revolves around tourism.

Tías, Las Palmas
Tías is a town and a municipality in the southern part of the island of Lanzarote, province of Las Palmas, autonomous community of the Canary Islands, Spain. The town Tías is situated 4 km from the south coast and 10 km west of the island capital Arrecife.

Lanzarote's largest tourist resort, Puerto del Carmen, is entirely in the municipality of Tías, and was the location of the first hotels ever built on the island. Other settlements in the municipality are Mácher, La Asomada, Conil, Masdache.
Carloway
Carloway (Scottish Gaelic: Càrlabhagh [ˈkʰaːɾɫ̪ə.ɤː]) is a crofting township and a district on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The district has a population of around 500. Carloway township is within the parish of Uig, and is situated on the A858.

Shawbost
Shawbost (Scottish Gaelic: Siabost) is a large village in the West Side of the Isle of Lewis. The village of Shawbost has a population of around 500 and lies around 20 miles (30 kilometres) west of Lewis's capital Stornoway. Shawbost is within the parish of Barvas. A recent development in the village was the renovation of the old school into the new community centre. The scattered settlement is split into three sections: North Shawbost (Siabost bho Thuath), South Shawbost (Siabost bho Dheas) and New Shawbost (Pàirc Shiaboist). There is a small museum of folk life and nearby is a small stone circle. The village is overlooked by a small hill named Beinn Bhragair, 261 m high. Shawbost is a prominent village on the Isle of Lewis, due to the school, community centre, beach and Harris Tweed mill.

In the 2001 United Kingdom Census, 72% of people in Shawbost reported being able to speak Scottish Gaelic.
John III, Count of Soissons
John III (died before 8 October 1286), son of John II, Count of Soissons, and Marie de Chimay.  Count of Soissons and Seigneur of Chimay. John inherited the countship of Soissons upon his father’s death in 1272.

John married Marguerite de Montfort, daughter of Amaury, Count of Montfort, and his wife Beatrix de Viennois. John and Marguerite had:

Marie de Nesle (d. after 1272), married to Guy de Saint-Rémy

John IV, Count of Soissons

Daughter, name unknown, married Eustache IV de Conflans, Seigneur de Mareuil, son of Eustache III de Conflans

Raoul de Nesle (killed in the battle of Courtrai, 11 July 1302)

Auchier de Nesle

Hugh de Nesle, d.1306

Counts of Soissons
This is a list of those who bore the title Count of Soissons (French: Comte de Soissons) and ruled Soissons and its civitas or diocese as a county in the Middle Ages. The title continued in use into modern times, but without ties to the actual Soissonnais.
Charles Stuart, 6th Earl of Moray
Charles Stuart, 6th Earl of Moray, 1st Baronet, KT (before 1683 – 7 October 1735) was a Scottish nobleman, the son of Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray and his wife, Emilia Balfour. He acceded to his father's titles in 1701 and died in 1735. He was succeeded by his brother, Francis.

Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray
Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray, KT, PC (8 May 1634 – 1 November 1701) was a Scottish peer who held senior political office in Scotland under Charles II and James VII and II.

He was first brought into government in 1676 by the Duke of Lauderdale, his relative by marriage; between 1681 and 1686, he played a prominent role in the suppression of Presbyterian radicals, known as "the Killing Time". He retained his position when James succeeded in 1685 and supported his religious policies, having converting to Catholicism in 1686.

Removed from office after the 1688 Glorious Revolution, he retired from public life and died at Donibristle on 1 November 1701.
Siege of Budapest
The Siege of Budapest or Battle of Budapest was the 50-day-long encirclement by Soviet and Romanian forces of the Hungarian capital of Budapest, near the end of World War II. Part of the broader Budapest Offensive, the siege began when Budapest, defended by Hungarian and German troops, was encircled on 26 December 1944 by the Red Army and the Romanian Army. During the siege, about 38,000 civilians died through starvation, military action, and mass executions of Jews by the far-right Hungarian nationalist Arrow Cross Party. The city unconditionally surrendered on 13 February 1945. It was a strategic victory for the Allies in their push towards Berlin.

Royal Hungarian Army
The Royal Hungarian Army (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség, German: Königlich Ungarische Armee) was the name given to the land forces of the Kingdom of Hungary in the period from 1922 to 1945. Its name was inherited from the Royal Hungarian Honvéd which went under the same Hungarian title of Magyar Királyi Honvédség from 1867 to 1918. Initially restricted by the Treaty of Trianon to 35,000 men, the army was steadily upgraded during the 1930s and fought on the side of the Axis powers during World War II.
The Strange Remain
The Strange Remain is a live album by the rock band the Other Ones.  It was recorded live on the Furthur Festival tour in 1998 and released in 1999.  The album reached number one on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart and number 112 on the Billboard 200.

The Other Ones was a rock group composed of former members of the Grateful Dead.  They later changed their name to the Dead.  The Strange Remain is the only album released by either the Other Ones or the Dead.

Bruce Hornsby
Bruce Randall Hornsby (born November 23, 1954) is an American singer-songwriter and pianist. His music draws from a wide range of traditions — folk, jazz, modern classical, bluegrass, rock, and jam band styles.

Hornsby has won three Grammy Awards: a 1987 Grammy Award for Best New Artist with Bruce Hornsby and the Range, a 1990 Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Recording, and a 1994 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance.

Hornsby has worked with his touring band Bruce Hornsby and the Noisemakers, his bluegrass project with Ricky Skaggs, and as a session and guest musician. He was a touring member of the Grateful Dead from September 1990 through March 1992, playing over 100 shows with the band.
Aldrich Bay
Aldrich Bay (Chinese: 愛秩序灣), named after Major Edward Aldrich, was formerly a bay in the north shore on the Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is now reclaimed and is a housing area outside the area of Shau Kei Wan, neighbouring A Kung Ngam and Lei King Wan.

Outside Aldrich Bay, it is the Shau Kei Wan Typhoon Shelter. It is not a small community. It contains Oi Tung Estate, Tung Yuk Court, Aldrich Garden and other private housings, with several primary and secondary schools. It is administratively part of the Eastern District.

Shau Kei Wan
Shau Kei Wan or Shaukiwan is a neighborhood in the Eastern District of Hong Kong Island. The area is bordered by Chai Wan to the east, Mount Parker to the south, Sai Wan Ho to the west, and Victoria Harbour to the north.

Shau Kei Wan is considered as an area surrounded by A Kung Ngam Road and A Kung Ngam Village Road to the east, Yiu Hing Road and Shau Kei Wan Road to the south, Junction of Aldrich Bay Road and Shau Kei Wan Road to the west, and Oi Kan Road to the north.
Zachlumia
Zachlumia or Zachumlia (Serbo-Croatian: Zahumlje / Захумље, pronounced [zǎxuːmʎe]), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, respectively). In some periods it was a fully independent or semi-independent South Slavic principality. It maintained relations with various foreign and neighbouring powers (Byzantine Empire, First Bulgarian Empire, Kingdom of Croatia, Principality of Serbia) and later was subjected (temporarily or for a longer period) to Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Bosnia, and at the end to the Ottoman Empire.

Miroslav of Hum
Miroslav Zavidović (Serbian Cyrillic: Мирослав Завидовић) was a 12th-century prince of Zachumlia from 1162 to 1190, an administrative division (appanage) of the Grand Principality of Serbia (Rascia) covering Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia.
Leigh Creek, South Australia
Leigh Creek is a former coal-mining town in eastern central South Australia. At the 2016 census, Leigh Creek had a population of 245, a 55% decrease from 550 in the previous census in 2011.

Situated to the west of the northern Flinders Ranges, the current town is 13 km further south than the original town—it was moved in 1982 to allow for the expansion of the mine.  As a result, most facilities and buildings in the town are only a little over thirty years old, and with relatively modern designs.

The mine and associated railway station are named Telford. It is located on the Marree railway line

Telford Cut
Telford Cut was an open-cut coal mine, now closed, in the Leigh Creek Coalfield in South Australia. For the 72 years between its opening in 1943 and its closure, the mine supplied sub-bituminous coal to fire power stations first in Adelaide then, from 1954, Port Augusta.: 18   Production ceased in November 2015 but stockpiled product was transported to Port Augusta until the last power station closed down in May 2016.
William Duckett (Calne MP, died 1686)
See also William Duckett (disambiguation)

William Duckett (bapt. 23 May 1624 – 1 November 1686) was an English gentleman who sat in the House of Commons between 1659 and 1679.

Duckett was the son of John Duckett, of Hartham House, Corsham, Wiltshire, a Royalist gentleman, and his wife, Jane Winter or Wintour. He matriculated at St John's College, Oxford, on 3 July 1640 aged 16. He was student of the Inner Temple in 1642.

In 1659, Duckett was elected Member of Parliament for Calne in the Third Protectorate Parliament. In 1660, he was re-elected for Calne in the Convention Parliament. He was re-elected in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament and sat until 1679. The few electors were under Duckett family control, and his father had been returned for Calne in 1621 and 1624.

John Duckett (Royalist)
John Duckett (13 September 1580 – 27 October 1648) was an English gentleman and landowner who sat in the House of Commons from 1621 to 1624.

Duckett was the second son of Stephen Duckett, a Wiltshire gentleman and a member of the Company of Mercers. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, on 15 December 1592, aged 12. In 1621, he was elected Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Calne, where elections were under his family's control; his father had been returned for the seat in 1584 and 1586. He was re-elected for Calne in 1624. He was fined for refusing a knighthood at the coronation of Charles I. In 1628 he was High Sheriff of Wiltshire.

Duckett was a Royalist colonel in the Civil War. He lived at Calstone House, near Calne, until it was destroyed by fire during the war and thereafter at another property, Hartham House, near Corsham. On one occasion he escaped the wrath of parliamentary forces by escaping from Calstone in a hearse.
Claude-André Dormy
Claude-André Dormy (died 15 February 1599, in Boulogne-Sur-Mer) was the first bishop of Boulogne. He was named to the see in 1567, but only took possession of it in 1570 due to tensions in Boulogne caused by the Huguenots.

He was brought into the Catholic League by the Guise family and kept away from his diocese, but returned to it when Henry IV of France renounced Protestantism in 1593. He was succeeded as bishop by his nephew Claude Dormy.

Ancient Diocese of Boulogne
The former French Catholic diocese of Boulogne existed from 1567 to the French Revolution. It was created after the diocese of Thérouanne was suppressed because of war damage to the see; effectively this was a renaming. It belonged to the Archdiocese of Reims. The Concordat of 1801 suppressed the diocese of Boulogne, transferring its territory to the diocese of Arras. The seat was the Boulogne Cathedral, demolished in 1793.
Proopiomelanocortin
Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) is a precursor polypeptide with 241 amino acid residues. POMC is synthesized in corticotrophs of the anterior pituitary from the 267-amino-acid-long polypeptide precursor pre-pro-opiomelanocortin (pre-POMC), by the removal of a 26-amino-acid-long signal peptide sequence during translation. POMC is part of the central melanocortin system.

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced by cells in the pars intermedia of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Synthetic analogues of α-MSH, such as afamelanotide (melanotan I; Scenesse), melanotan II, and bremelanotide (PT-141), have been developed and researched.
Vyborg Shipyard
Vyborg Shipyard PJSC (Russian: ПАО «Выборгский судостроительный завод») is a shipbuilding company located in Vyborg, Russia. The company has a focus on icebreakers and other icegoing vessels for arctic conditions, but the company has also built deep sea semi-submersible floating drilling and production platforms for exploration of oil and gas offshore fields. Vyborg Shipyard employs more than 1,500 people.

Arctech Helsinki Shipyard
Arctech Helsinki Shipyard was a Finnish shipbuilding company that focused primarily on icebreakers and other icegoing vessels for arctic conditions.

Between 2011 and 2019, Arctech Helsinki Shipyard built a total of 10 icebreaking vessels (yard numbers 506 through 515) at the Hietalahti shipyard in Helsinki, Finland. Due to the economic sanctions against its Russian owner, the company was forced to transfer its shipbuilding business in Finland to a successor company, Helsinki Shipyard, which was then sold to a private Russian owner.
Maynaguri Road railway station
Maynaguri Road Railway Station  is one of the railway station that serves the town of Maynaguri in Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India, the other being New Maynaguri railway station. Maynaguri Road Railway station lies on New Mal–Changrabandha–New Cooch Behar line of Northeast Frontier Railway Alipurduar railway division.

New Mal–Changrabandha–New Cooch Behar line
The New Mal–Changrabandha–New Cooch Behar line are a set of 2 lines which connect Changrabandha, a border transit point near Indo-Bangladesh border in Cooch Behar district with the stations of New Mal in Jalpaiguri district and New Cooch Behar in Cooch Behar district of West Bengal. It is under the jurisdiction of Northeast Frontier Railway. The Malbazar–Changrabandha section of the line was a metre-gauge line, before its gauge conversion began on 2002. The Malbazar–Changrabandha section was re-opened to public on 20 January 2016 after gauge conversion. The New Changrabandha–New Cooch Behar broad-gauge line was built as an extension as a part of the New Maynaguri–Jogighopa rail line to provide an alternate link from North Bengal to Assam and was opened to public on 21 February 2016.
Plano station (Illinois)
Plano station, also known as the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Depot, is an Amtrak intercity train station in Plano, Illinois, United States. The station was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1993.

Currently, four Amtrak trains stop at Plano per day. These serves are the Illinois Zephyr and the Carl Sandburg. The Illinois Zephyr stops in the morning (to Chicago Union Station) and in the evening (to Quincy). The Carl Sandburg stops in the morning (to Quincy) and the evening (to Chicago). The Southwest Chief and California Zephyr pass through the station but do not stop.

Metra has explored extending the BNSF Line to Sandwich, Illinois in the future, and originally proposed the Plano Amtrak station as one of the stops on the proposed extension. However, the proposed station location was changed to near Little Rock road in Plano's city limits, over 1 mile west of the current station.

Plano, Illinois
Plano is a city near Aurora in Kendall County, Illinois, United States, with a population of 11,847 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area, being about 55 miles (90 km) from Chicago. The city was home to the Plano Harvester Company in the late 19th century, as well as the Plano Molding Company more recently. In 2011, downtown Plano was used as a set for Man of Steel.
Squerryes Court
Squerryes Court is a late 17th-century manor house that stands just outside the town of Westerham in Kent. The house, which has been held by the same family for over 280 years, is surrounded by extensive gardens and parkland and is a grade I listed building.

Westerham
Westerham is a town and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It is located 3.4 miles east of Oxted and 6 miles west of Sevenoaks, adjacent to the Kent border with both Greater London and Surrey.
It is recorded as early as the 9th century, and was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 in a Norman form, Oistreham (compare Ouistreham in Normandy, Oistreham in 1086). Hām is Old English for a village or homestead, and so Westerham means a westerly homestead. The River Darent flows through the town, and formerly powered three watermills. The total population in 2021 was 4,498.
1904 Sasun uprising
The Sasun uprising or Sasun rebellion of 1904 (Armenian: Սասունի երկրորդ ապստամբութիւնը, Sasuni yerkrord apstambut'yunĕ, literally Second Sassoun resistance) was an uprising by Armenian militia against the Ottoman Empire in Turkey's Sason region in 1904. The empire wanted to prevent the formation of another semi-autonomous Armenian region in the eastern vilayets after its defeat in the First Zeitun Rebellion. In Sason, the Armenian national liberation movement recruited young Armenians. Upon investigation, a European mission concluded that Armenians were not at fault, but rather acted in self-defense. The mission called for the sultan to enforce the reforms that were previously pledged.

Kevork Chavush
Kevork Ghazarian (Armenian: Գէորգ Ղազարեան; 1870 – 28 May 1907), commonly known as Kevork Chavush or Gevorg Chaush (Armenian: Գէորգ Չաւուշ or Գևորգ Չաուշ), was an Armenian fedayee leader in the Ottoman Empire and a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.

Kevork Chavush attained a legendary status during his lifetime for his extraordinary daring and valor in defense of the Armenian peasantry against harassment by marauding Turkish and Kurdish forces. He was the undisputed leader of Armenian revolutionary forces in the region of Taron-Sasun from 1904 until his death in 1907 after being wounded in a battle with the Ottoman army. Kevork's actions earned him the moniker "Lion of the Mountains" (Armenian: Սարերու Ասլան).
Scheduled castes in Punjab
Scheduled castes in Punjab, or Dalits in Punjab, are the officially designated groups in Punjab state in India and Punjab province in Pakistan which are most disadvantaged due to the caste system. They were placed in the lowest ranks of the caste system, because of which they suffered and are still suffering from social, political, economic and personal discrimination. In present-day Punjab, India, the scheduled caste population is proportionally higher than most other Indian states.

Mazhabi Sikh
Mazhabi Sikh, also known as Rangreta Sikhs, are a community from Northern India, especially Punjab region, who follow Sikhism. Mazhabi are part of wider category of Sikhs, who are of a Chuhra (Valmiki) caste background. The word Mazhabi is derived from the Arabic term Mazhab (meaning religion or sect), and can be translated as the faithful. They live mainly in Indian Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana. The Mazhabi Sikhs and other Dalit Sikhs are often marginalized today by dominant Sikh castes, such as the Jats.