hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Subject–auxiliary inversion
Subject–auxiliary inversion (SAI; also called subject–operator inversion) is a frequently occurring type of inversion in the English language whereby a finite auxiliary verb – taken here to include finite forms of the copula be – appears to "invert" (change places) with the subject. The word order is therefore Aux-S (auxiliary–subject), which is the opposite of the canonical SV (subject–verb) order of declarative clauses in English. The most frequent use of subject–auxiliary inversion in English is in the formation of questions, although it also has other uses, including the formation of condition clauses, and in the syntax of sentences beginning with negative expressions (negative inversion).

In certain types of English sentences, inversion is also possible with verbs other than auxiliaries; these are described in the article on the subject–verb inversion in English.

Clause
In language, a clause is a constituent or phrase that comprises a semantic predicand (expressed or not) and a semantic predicate. A typical clause consists of a subject and a syntactic predicate, the latter typically a verb phrase composed of a verb with or without any objects and other modifiers. However, the subject is sometimes unexpressed if it is easily deducible from the context, especially in null-subject languages but also in other languages, including instances of the imperative mood in English.

A complete simple sentence contains a single clause with a finite verb. Complex sentences contain at least one clause subordinated to (dependent on) an independent clause (one that could stand alone as a simple sentence), which may be co-ordinated with other independents with or without dependents. Some dependent clauses are non-finite, i.e. they do not contain any element/verb marking a specific tense.
Kami-Kosawa Station
Kami-Kosawa Station (上古沢駅, Kami-Kosawa-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of Kudoyama, Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway company Nankai Electric Railway.

Kudoyama
Kudoyama (九度山町, Kudoyama-chō) is a town located in Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2021, the town had an estimated population of 3,996 in 1770 households and a population density of 91 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 44.15 square kilometres (17.05 sq mi).
Dick Shurman
Richard L. Shurman (born May 23, 1950) is an American record producer, sound engineer, music journalist, music historian, and  backing vocalist.

He has produced numerous recordings by notable musicians including Johnny Winter, Lurrie Bell, Eddie C. Campbell, Albert Collins, Little Smokey Smothers, Jody Williams, Roy Buchanan, Big Bill Morganfield, Larry Garner, Robert Cray, Hip Linkchain, Magic Slim, Charlie Musselwhite, Otis Rush, Johnny Heartsman, and Fenton Robinson. Shurman has also written many liner notes, and is the publisher of Chicago Blues News. In 2005, he was the recipient of the Blues Foundation's "Keeping the Blues Alive" award.  He co-produced Showdown!, an album which won a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1987.

Shurman was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2014 for his multitudinous contributions as a 'non-performer'.

Albert Collins
Albert Gene Collins (October 1, 1932 – November 24, 1993) was an American electric blues guitarist and singer with a distinctive guitar style. He was noted for his powerful playing and his use of altered tunings and a capo. His long association with the Fender Telecaster led to the title "The Master of the Telecaster".
Emmons, West Virginia
Emmons is an unincorporated community located on the Big Coal River in Boone and Kanawha counties in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Jay Rockefeller's political affiliation with West Virginia began in 1964–1965 while he served as a VISTA volunteer in Emmons.

The community bears the name of the Emmons family.

Kanawha County, West Virginia
Kanawha County (/kəˈnɔːə/ kə-NAW-ə) is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 180,745, making it West Virginia's most populous county. The county seat is Charleston, which is also the state capital and most populous city.
Kanawha County is part of the Charleston, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Turkish delight
Turkish delight, lokum (/ˈlɒkʊm/) or loqum (/ˈlɒkʊm/) is a family of confections based on a gel of starch and sugar. Premium varieties consist largely of chopped dates, pistachios, hazelnuts or walnuts bound by the gel; traditional varieties are often flavored with rosewater, mastic gum, bergamot orange, or lemon. Other common flavors include cinnamon and mint. The confection is often packaged in small cubes dusted with icing sugar, copra, or powdered cream of tartar to prevent clinging.

Karachi halwa
Karachi halwa (Urdu: کراچی حلوہ), or Bombay halwa,  is a chewy, glossy, and translucent Pakistani and Indian confection consisting of cornstarch, sugar, ghee, and water, flavored with cardamom, melon seed and occasionally almonds.  It has a jelly-like texture, unlike traditional soft halwas, and is known for its bright hues such as orange, green and yellow.

Karachi halwa is a specialty in Pakistan and India, especially during festivals like Eid, Diwali, and weddings. It has a long shelf life.
Seychellaria
Seychellaria is a genus of myco-heterotrophic plants in family Triuridaceae, native to Tanzania and to certain islands in the Indian Ocean.

Seychellaria africana Vollesen - Mwanihana Forest Reserve in Tanzania

Seychellaria madagascariensis C.H.Wright - Madagascar

Seychellaria perrieri Schltr.  - Madagascar

Seychellaria thomassetii Hemsl. - Mahé Island in the Seychelles

Triuridaceae
Triuridaceae are a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants, including nine genera with a total of approximately 55 known species. All members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic (obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi, often erroneously called 'saprophytes'). The heterotrophic lifestyle of these plants has resulted in a loss of xylem vessels and stomata, and a reduction of leaves to scales.

The flowers of Triuridaceae have tepals which are fused at the base and contain 10 to many free carpels.
St Paul's Church, Adlington
St Paul's Church is in Railway Road, Adlington, Lancashire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Chorley, the archdeaconry of Blackburn, and the diocese of Blackburn.  The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.  It is registered as a parish of the Society under the patronage of St Wilfrid and St Hilda.

Adlington, Lancashire
Adlington is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England, near the West Pennine Moors. It is 3 miles (5 kilometres) south of Chorley. It became a separate parish in 1842 then grew into a township around the textile and coal mining industries until these closed in the 1960s. It had a population of 5,270 at the 2001 census, and risen to 6,010 at the 2011 census. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal runs through the village, where it holds White Bear Marina, the largest marina on the Canal.
São José da Barra
São José da Barra is a Brazilian municipality located in the southwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population as of 2020 was 7,480 people living in a total area of 312 km2. The city belongs to the meso-region of Sul e Sudoeste de Minas and to the micro-region of Passos.  It became a municipality in 1948. The important hydroelectric plant of Furnas is located here.

Alpinópolis
Alpinópolis is a Brazilian municipality located in the southwest of the state of Minas Gerais. As of 2020, its population was 19,958 people and its area was of 458 km2. The city is located in the micro-region of Passos. It became a municipality in 1938.
Boughton Malherbe
Boughton Malherbe (/ˈbɔːtən ˈmælərbi/ ⓘ BAW-tən MAL-ər-bee) is a village and civil parish in the Maidstone district of Kent, England, equidistant between Maidstone and Ashford.  According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 428, including Sandway and Grafty Green, increasing to 476 at the 2011 Census.

Grafty Green
Grafty Green is a village in the Maidstone district of Kent, England, falling within the civil parish of Boughton Malherbe. It contains two public houses.  The village shop with post office closed in 2021 but was replaced with an outreach post office in the village hall. The 59 bus links Grafty Green with Maidstone on Wednesdays only.
Lowpoint, Illinois
Lowpoint is an unincorporated community in Woodford County, Illinois, United States. Lowpoint is located along Illinois Route 89, south-southwest of Washburn. Lowpoint has a post office with ZIP code 61545.

Woodford County, Illinois
Woodford County is a county located in the state of Illinois. The 2020 United States census listed its population at 38,467. Its county seat is Eureka. Woodford County is part of the Peoria metropolitan area. Its name comes from General William Woodford, an officer of the American Revolutionary War who served at the brutal military encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
Nagaland Zoological Park
The Nagaland Zoological Park is a 176-hectare (430-acre) zoo located at Rangapahar in the Chümoukedima District of Nagaland. It is Nagaland's biggest zoo and was opened to public in August 2008. Its part of Rangapahar Wildlife Sanctuary.

Chümoukedima district
Chümoukedima district is the 15th district of the Indian state of Nagaland. It was created on 18 December 2021. The district is bounded by Kohima District to the east, Peren District to the south, Tseminyü District & Niuland District to the  north-east, Dimapur District to the north and Karbi Anglong District of Assam to the west and north-west. The district headquarter is located in the municipality of Chümoukedima.
Minami-Komatsushima Station
Minami-Komatsushima Station (南小松島駅, Minami-Komatsushima-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Komatsushima, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "M06".

Komatsushima, Tokushima
Komatsushima (小松島市, Komatsushima-shi) is a city located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2022, the city had an estimated population of 36,128 in 17181 households and a population density of 800 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 45.37 square kilometres (17.52 sq mi).
Battle of Kanjaga
The Battle of Kanjaga was a battle in Africa that was fought between Babatu and the people of Kanjaga. The battle was claimed to have taken place on 14 March 1897. Babatu and his warriors were defeated by the unified forces of Ameria and the French.

Babatu (warlord)
Babatu or Baba Ato, was the Zarma military leader and jihadi warlord over the Zabarma Emirate in the late 19th century. Babatu originated in Indougou (N'Dougou) in what is today the nation of Niger. Babatu became the ruler of the Zabarima emirate in 1878 after the death of the former ruler, Gazari. He was a slaver and fought against Sandema warriors.

In 1887 his forces raided Wa the capital of the Kingdom of Wala and caused much of the population to flee.
Mazda6
The Mazda 6 (Japanese: マツダ・シックス, Hepburn: Matsuda Shikkusu) (known as the Mazda Atenza in Japan until 2019, derived from the Italian attenzione) is a mid-size sedan produced by Mazda since 2002, replacing the long-produced Capella/626.

The Mazda6 was marketed as the first example of the company's "Stylish, Insightful and Spirited" design philosophy, followed by the Mazda2 in December 2002, the RX-8 in August 2003, the Mazda3 in January 2004, the Mazda5 in the summer of 2005, the MX-5 in October 2005, and the CX-7 in November 2006. The 2003 Mazda6 is essentially the seventh-generation Mazda 626, part of the 'G' model code family.

Hofu (Mazda factory)
34°1′13.89″N 131°30′57.4″E﻿ / ﻿34.0205250°N 131.515944°E﻿ / 34.0205250; 131.515944

The Hofu Plant is a complex of manufacturing facilities operated by Mazda in Hōfu in the Yamaguchi Prefecture of Japan. The complex comprises three plants. The oldest, located in the Nakanoseki district, opened in 1981 and produces transmissions. Hōfu Plant No. 1, Mazda's first automobile assembly plant outside Hiroshima Plant, opened in 1982 in the Nishinoura district. A second automobile assembly plant, Hōfu Plant No. 2, opened in 1992.
College of Applied Science Vadakkencherry
The College of Applied Science or CASVDY, is located in Vadakkencherry, Palakkad district in the Indian state of Kerala.

The college is affiliated to the University of Calicut, recognized under Section 2F of the UGC and approved by the AICTE. It is managed by the IHRD, a Government of Kerala undertaking. It conducts courses in B.Sc Computer Science, BCA, B.Sc Electronics, B.Com with Computer Application, B.Com with Finance, M.Sc Computer Science, M.Sc Electronics and M.Com.

CASVDY was the first in Kerala to offer a postgraduate diploma course in Audio engineering at the government level for aspirants in the audio media industry and fourth in India. The course commenced in June 2010.

Institute of Human Resources Development
The Institute of Human Resources Development (IHRD) is an autonomous technical educational research institute established by the Government of Kerala in 1987, with its headquarters at Thiruvananthapuram in India.

IHRD has grown within a short period into a network of more than 50 institutions. In addition to regular courses of study in academic establishments, IHRD also runs short and long-term employment-oriented and continuous education programmes.

The initial name of IHRD was Institute of Human Resources Development for Electronics (IHRDE). Later it was renamed to the current version.

IHRD manages several applied science colleges, engineering colleges, polytechnics, and technical schools.
Konrāds Kalējs
Konrāds Kalējs (26 June 1913 – 8 November 2001) was a Latvian soldier who was a Nazi collaborator and an alleged war criminal during World War II. He gained notoriety for evading calls for his prosecution across four countries, more than once under the threat of deportation.

Salaspils camp
The Salaspils concentration camp (Latvian: Salaspils koncentrācijas nometne; German: Lager Kurtenhof) was a Nazi concentration camp located near Salaspils, Latvia from 1941 to 1944. It was the largest civilian concentration camp in the Baltic states during World War II.

Salaspils camp was established by Rudolf Lange as a prison camp for the Sicherheitspolizei but it soon developed into a de facto concentration camp operated by the Schutzstaffel (SS). Its prisoner population was variable, including Jews deported from Central Europe, political prisoners, Latvian anti-Nazi partisans, and Latvian pro-Nazi collaborators. An estimated 2,000 to 3,000 people died at Salaspils due to the deplorable living conditions, and the camp has had a lasting legacy in Latvian and Russian culture due to the severity of the treatment, especially with regard to child prisoners. Memorials to the victims were erected in 1967 and 2004.
Long Live the Loud
Long Live the Loud is the third studio album by the Canadian speed metal band Exciter, released through Music for Nations in 1985 and re-released through Megaforce Records in March 2005 with the EP Feel the Knife. This was the last Exciter album to feature guitarist John Ricci until 1992's Kill After Kill.

Kill After Kill
Kill After Kill is the sixth studio album by the Canadian speed metal band Exciter, released in 1992. It was the last album to feature founding member, singer/drummer Dan Beehler, only album with bassist David Ledden, and the first to feature guitarist John Ricci since 1985's Long Live the Loud.
Alma School/Main Street station
Alma School/Main Street station is a station on the A Line of the Valley Metro Rail system in Mesa, Arizona, United States. The station is located one block east of the intersection of West Main Street and Alma School Road and opened on August 22, 2015 as part of the Central Mesa Extension. The station consists of one island platform located in the median of Main Street.

Valley Metro Rail
Valley Metro Rail is a 38.5-mile (62 km) light rail system serving the Phoenix metropolitan area in Arizona, USA. The network, which is part of the Valley Metro public transit system, began operations on December 27, 2008. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 11,100,300, or about 35,300 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

In the years since it opened in 2008, the system has undergone six expansions (including the infill station at 50th Street/Washington and the Valley Metro Streetcar). An extension is underway into West Phoenix to the Desert Sky Mall, which was expanded due to obtaining funding under the Proposition 104 sales tax increase.
Woodbridge train derailment
On February 6, 1951, a Pennsylvania Railroad train derailed on a temporary wooden trestle in Woodbridge, New Jersey, United States, killing 85 passengers. It remains New Jersey's deadliest train wreck, the deadliest U.S. derailment since 1918 and the deadliest peacetime rail disaster in U.S. history.

Woodbridge Township, New Jersey
Woodbridge Township is a township in northern Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is a regional hub of transportation and commerce for central New Jersey and a major bedroom suburb of New York City, within the New York metropolitan area. Located within the core of the Raritan Valley region, Woodbridge Township hosts the junction of the New Jersey Turnpike and the Garden State Parkway, the two busiest highways in the state, and also serves as the headquarters for the New Jersey Turnpike Authority, which operates both highways.

As of the 2020 United States census, the township was the state's seventh-most-populous municipality, with a population of 103,639, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 4,054 (+4.1%) from the 99,585 recorded at the  2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,382 (+2.5%) from the 97,203 counted in the 2000 census. Woodbridge was the state's sixth-largest by population in 2000 and 2010.
Kumaon Regiment
The Kumaon Regiment is one of the oldest infantry regiments of the Indian Army. The regiment traces its origins to the 18th century and has fought in every major campaign of the British Indian Army and the Indian Army, including the two world wars, and is one of the highest decorated regiments of the Indian Army.

Naga Regiment
The Naga Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army. It is among the youngest regiments of the Indian Army - the first battalion was raised in Ranikhet, Uttarakhand in 1970. The regiment recruits mainly from Nagaland, in northeast India.
Jaruma
Jaruma (Aymara jaru bitter, uma water, "bitter water") is a 4,863-metre-high (15,955 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Potosí Department, Daniel Campos Province, Llica Municipality. Jaruma lies between the Uyuni salt flat in the east and the Napa salt flat in the west. The highest neighboring mountains are Mancha in the south-east and Thuwa in the south. The smaller mountain at the south-western slope of Jaruma is named Wiraqucha Qullu (Huirajocha Kkollu).

Mancha (Bolivia)
Mancha (Quechua for fear)  is a 5,024-metre-high (16,483 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Potosí Department, Daniel Campos Province, Llica Municipality. Mancha lies between the Uyuni salt flat in the east and the Napa salt flat in the west. The highest neighboring mountains are Thuwa in the west and Jaruma in the north-west.
Tawstock
Tawstock is a village, civil parish and former manor in North Devon in the English county of Devon. The parish is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishes of Barnstaple, Bishop's Tawton, Atherington, Yarnscombe, Horwood, Lovacott and Newton Tracey and Fremington. In 2001 it had a population of 2,093. The estimated population in June 2019 was 2,372.

Horwood, Lovacott and Newton Tracey
Horwood, Lovacott and Newton Tracey is a civil parish in the North Devon district, in Devon, England. In the 2021 census it was recorded as having a population of 531. It includes the villages of Horwood and Newton Tracey and the hamlet of Lovacott.

The parish was formed as Newton Tracey in 1986 from the former civil parishes of Horwood and Newton Tracey and the Lovacott ward of Fremington parish, and adopted its current name in 1991. The neighbouring parishes are Fremington to the north; Tawstock to the east; Yarnscombe (in Torridge district) to the south east; Alverdiscott (Torridge district) to the south; Westleigh and Instow to the west.
Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville
Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville of Raby (c. 1291 – 5 August 1367) was an English aristocrat, the son of Ralph Neville, 1st Baron Neville de Raby and Eupheme de Clavering. He was appointed as one of the wardens of the marches, the principal officers responsible for frontier defence, a role thereafter closely associated with the Neville family. In 1346 he commanded the English army that decisively defeated a Scottish invasion at the Battle of Neville's Cross near Durham, capturing King David II of Scotland. By the mid-14th century the Nevilles had also assumed responsibilities in naval defence, holding the post of Admiral of the North.

House of Neville
The House of Neville or Nevill family (originally FitzMaldred) is a noble house of early medieval origin, which was a leading force in English politics in the Late Middle Ages. The family became one of the two major powers in northern England and played a central role in the Wars of the Roses along with their rival, the House of Percy.
Cheng San Constituency
Cheng San Constituency was a single member constituency in Ang Mo Kio, Singapore.

The constituency was formed by carving from Serangoon Gardens SMC in 1980. In 1988, it was absorbed into Cheng San Group Representation Constituency.

Serangoon Gardens Constituency
Serangoon Gardens Single Member Constituency was a single member constituency in Singapore. It was formed in 1959 by carving out from Serangoon Constituency as Serangoon Gardens Constituency.

In 1976, parts of the constituency was carved out to form Ang Mo Kio Constituency. In 1980, more part of the constituency was carved out to form Cheng San and Chong Boon constituencies.

In 1988, the constituency was renamed as Serangoon Gardens Single Member Constituency (SMC) as part of Singapore's political reforms.

In 1991, the constituency was abolished and merged into Thomson Group Representation Constituency.
Mark Donohue
Mark Neary Donohue Jr. (March 18, 1937 – August 19, 1975), nicknamed "Captain Nice", was an American race car driver and engineer known for his ability to develop and set up his race car as well as driving it, often to victory.

Donohue was the developer and driver of the 1500+ bhp "Can-Am Killer" Porsche 917-30. He won the 1972 Indianapolis 500. Cars that Donohue raced include: AMC Javelin, AMC Matador, Chevrolet Camaro, Eagle-Offy, Elva Courier, Ford GT40 MK IV, Ferrari 250LM, Ferrari 512, Lola T70, Lola T330, Lotus 20, McLaren M16, Porsche 911, Porsche 917/10, Porsche 917/30, Shelby Cobra, and Shelby Mustang GT350R.

Team Penske
Team Penske (formerly known as Penske Racing) is an American professional auto racing organization that competes in the IndyCar Series, NASCAR Cup Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The team made its competitive debut at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona and has since participated in a wide range of professional motorsport disciplines, including Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Australia's Supercars Championship. Over the course of its history, Team Penske has amassed more than 500 race victories and secured over 40 championships across various categories of auto racing. The team operates as a division of Penske Corporation and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.