hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bull Brown
John Neil "Bull" Brown was an American football and baseball player for the Vanderbilt Commodores of Vanderbilt University. He was said by coach Dan McGugin to be one of his six best players ever coached. He was selected All-Southern in 1928 and 1929, and All-American in 1929. One of his best games came tackling Minnesota running back Bronko Nagurski. He ran 85 yards for a touchdown on 1928 national champion Georgia Tech. He was from Ardmore, Alabama.

Dan McGugin
Daniel Earle McGugin (July 29, 1879 – January 23, 1936) was an American college football player and coach, as well as a lawyer. He served as the head football coach at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee from 1904 to 1917 and again from 1919 to 1934, compiling a record of 197–55–19. He is the winningest head coach in the history of the university. McGugin was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1951 as part of its inaugural class. The Vanderbilt athletics office building, the McGugin Center, bears his name.

McGugin played football for Drake and for the  "Point-a-Minute" Michigan teams. He was the brother-in-law of University of Michigan coach Fielding H. Yost.
1953 Paphos earthquake
The 1953 Paphos earthquake struck British Cyprus (present day Cyprus) on the morning of 10 September, at 06:05 EET. It had a magnitude of Ms  6.5 on the surface-wave magnitude scale, and had a maximum intensity of X (Extreme) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. The epicenter of this earthquake was situated off the island's west coast, near the city of Paphos. At least 40 people died and 100 were injured. It was also felt in Rhodes, Turkey, Egypt, Lebanon and Kastellorizo.

Paphos
Paphos, also spelled Pafos, is a coastal city in southwest Cyprus and the capital of the Paphos District. In classical antiquity, two locations were known as Paphos: Old Paphos (now called Kouklia) and New Paphos. It is the fourth-largest city in the country, after Nicosia, Limassol, and Larnaca, with an urban population of 55,000.

The modern city of Paphos lies on the Mediterranean coast, about 50 km (30 mi) west of Limassol, the island's largest port; the two cities are connected by the A6 highway. Paphos International Airport is the country's second-largest airport, and serves as a gateway to western and southern Cyprus. The city has a subtropical-Mediterranean climate, and experiences the mildest temperatures on the island.

In 1980, Paphos was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List for its ancient architecture, mosaics, and ancient religious importance. It was selected as a European Capital of Culture for 2017 along with Aarhus.
Analyze (imaging software)
Analyze is a software package developed by the Biomedical Imaging Resource (BIR) at Mayo Clinic for multi-dimensional display, processing, and measurement of multi-modality biomedical images. It is a commercial program and is used for medical tomographic scans from magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and positron emission tomography.

The Analyze 7.5 file format has been widely used in the functional neuroimaging field, and other programs such as SPM, FreeSurfer, AIR, MRIcro and Mango are able to read and write the format. The files can be used to store voxel-based volumes.  One data item consists of two files: One file with the actual data in a binary format with the filename extension .img and another file (header with filename extension .hdr) with information about the data such as voxel size and number of voxels in each dimension. SPM has defined changes to this format, among other things the voxel ordering within the file.

Mango (software)
Mango (Multi-Image Analysis GUI) is a non-commercial software for viewing, editing and analyzing volumetric medical images. Mango is written in Java, and distributed freely in precompiled versions for Linux, Mac OS and Microsoft Windows. It supports NIfTI, ANALYZE, NEMA and DICOM formats and is able to load and save 2D, 3D and 4D images.

Mango provides tools for creation and editing of regions of interest (ROI) within the images, surface rendering, image stacking (overlaying), filtering in space domain and histogram analysis, among other functions that can be used in neuroimaging analysis for scientific (non-clinical) purposes.

The software can be extended with user-defined functions (plug-ins), which can be created using the Java language and the Mango API.
Wintun Glacier
The Wintun Glacier is a glacier situated on the eastern flank of Mount Shasta, in the U.S. state of California.  It is both the third largest and third most voluminous glacier in California after the neighboring Hotlum Glacier and the Whitney Glacier.  The Wintun Glacier starts on the east side of Mount Shasta's main summit, and it has the highest permanent snow and ice on the mountain, reaching above 14,100 ft (4,300 m) to within a few dozen feet (~8–15 m) of the true summit. The glacier flows east down a steep slope and terminates in two lobes, the longer of which extends down near 9,800 ft (3,000 m).

In 2002, scientists made the first detailed survey of Mount Shasta's glaciers in 50 years. They found that seven of the glaciers have grown over the period 1951–2002, with the Hotlum and Wintun Glaciers nearly doubling, the Bolam Glacier increasing by half, and the Whitney and Konwakiton Glaciers growing by a third.

Whitney Glacier
The Whitney Glacier is a glacier situated on Mount Shasta, in the U.S. state of California. The Whitney Glacier is the longest glacier and the only valley glacier in California.  In area and volume, it ranks second in the state behind the nearby Hotlum Glacier.  In 1986, the glacier was measured to be 126 ft (38 m) deep and over three km in length.  The glacier starts on Mount Shasta's Misery Hill at 13,700 ft (4,200 m) and flows northwestward down to the saddle between Mount Shasta and Shastina, where uneven ground causes a major icefall  at 11,800 ft (3,600 m). It then flows down the valley between the two peaks, reaching its terminus at 9,500 to 9,800 ft (2,900 to 3,000 m).
Samogitian language
Samogitian (endonym: žemaitiu kalba or sometimes žemaitiu rokunda, žemaitiu šnekta or žemaitiu ruoda; Lithuanian: žemaičių tarmė, žemaičių kalba) is an Eastern Baltic language spoken primarily in Samogitia, that is often considered a dialect of Lithuanian.

It has preserved many features of the extinct Curonian language, such as specific phonological traits and vocabulary. Samogitian differs significantly from standard Lithuanian in phonetics, morphology, syntax, and lexis, with unique archaic features not found in other Lithuanian dialects. This difference often causes speakers of Aukštaitian dialects to not be able to understand speakers of Samogitian. The use of Samogitian is currently in decline, with limited presence in media and education. Efforts are being made to preserve the language, including local initiatives and cultural societies.

Frequentative
In grammar, a frequentative form (abbreviated FREQ or FR) of a word indicates repeated action but is not to be confused with iterative aspect. The frequentative form can be considered a separate but not completely independent word called a frequentative. The frequentative is no longer productive in English, unlike in some language groups, such as Finno-Ugric, Balto-Slavic, and Turkic.
Warheads (band)
Warheads was a Swedish punk rock band, active from 1979 to 1981. It is often regarded as one of the more influential groups within the Swedish punk rock, although the band did not release any albums. Several of the members continued in the 1980s in internationally known groups. Warheads has been cited as a precursor to thrash metal.

Gyp Casino
Gyp Casino (born as Jesper Sporre on 7 May 1961) is a Swedish rock drummer. He played in Swedish punk rock band Warheads (under his real name) and was the original drummer for Hanoi Rocks. He was replaced by Razzle in 1982. Although he does not appear on the cover for Self Destruction Blues, Casino does play on the record.

In 1989 Gyp Casino joined the band Pelle Almgren & Wow Liksom. They performed in Swedish language and had few hit songs in Sweden. They released an album Allting Är Bra. In 1995, Casino reunited with former Hanoi Rocks bandmate Andy McCoy for a tour with his then band Shooting Gallery. Casino also played drums on Andy McCoy's solo album Building on Tradition (1995)
Bamboo floor
A bamboo floor is a type of flooring manufactured from the bamboo plant. The majority of today's bamboo flooring products originate in China and other portions of Asia. Moso bamboo is the species most commonly used for flooring.

Flooring
Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering. Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface. Both terms are used interchangeably but floor covering refers more to loose-laid materials.

Materials almost always classified as flooring include carpet, laminate, tile, and vinyl.
Space Symposium
Space Symposium (formerly the National Space Symposium) is a conference for the global space community, staged by The Space Foundation. It is held each spring at The Broadmoor resort in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

Space Foundation
The Space Foundation is an American nonprofit organization, the mission of which is to advocate for all sectors of the global space industry through space awareness activities, educational programs, and major industry events. It was founded in 1983.
Cherry Hill, Michigan
Cherry Hill is an unincorporated community in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The community is located within Canton Township along Cherry Hill and Ridge Roads but otherwise has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics.  The Cherry Hill Historic District is a primarily residential historic district encompassing the greater part of Cherry Hill.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Canton, Michigan
Canton Township (commonly known simply as Canton) is a charter township in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Canton is located roughly 23 miles (37.0 km) west of downtown Detroit, and 15 miles (24.1 km) east of Ann Arbor. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 98,659, making it Michigan's second most-populated township (after Clinton Township) and ninth most-populated municipality overall.

The township is ranked as the 96th highest-income place in the United States with a population of 50,000 or more, and is consistently ranked as one of the safest communities in the United States.
Marchwood
Marchwood is a village and civil parish located in Hampshire, England. It lies between Totton and Hythe on the eastern edge of the New Forest. The population of the village in the 2011 census was 6,141.

Marchwood Military Port
Marchwood Military Port (MMP) or Marchwood Sea Mounting Centre (SMC) is a military port located in Marchwood, Southampton on the south coast of the UK, and the base of 17 Port & Maritime Regiment Royal Logistic Corps. The port was built in 1943 to aid in the D-Day assault on Normandy in 1944 and has since been used to support the Falklands War. The port is now used largely by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, as a base for their ships, including the Tide-class tankers, and it is also still employed for military cargo and personnel movement.

Marchwood is also the base-port for several Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships.

In August 2020, it was announced that the port would be converted to civilian use, with the Ministry of Defence retaining use of an element of the port.
Supernova (American band)
Supernova is an American punk rock band, founded in Costa Mesa, California in 1989. The band has released three full-length albums, numerous singles and EPs and were part of the original 1995 Vans Warped Tour line-up. They are perhaps best known by wider audiences for their song "Chewbacca", which was featured on the soundtrack to Kevin Smith's 1994 independent film Clerks. They are also known for the song "Up & Down", which was performed in 2007 on the Nick Jr. children's show Yo Gabba Gabba!

Rock Star Supernova
Rock Star Supernova was a reality television-formed supergroup consisting of drummer Tommy Lee, bassist Jason Newsted, guitarist Gilby Clarke, and singer Lukas Rossi. The band was formed during the second season of the Rock Star reality television series, which was titled Rock Star: Supernova.
Richard Hofmann (composer)
Richard Hofmann (30 April 1844 – 11 November 1918) was a German composer and music teacher who worked in Leipzig.

Richard Hofmann was born in Delitzsch where his father was the municipal music director. He studied with Raimund Dreyschock (1824–1869) and Salomon Jadassohn and settled in Leipzig as a music teacher.  He was Professor at Leipzig Conservatory and leader of the Leipzig Choral Society.

Hofmann composed numerous instructive pieces for piano, string and wind instruments.  Among his literary works are Katechismus der Musikinstrumente (A Catechism of Musical Instruments) published in 1890, and Praktische Instrumentationslehre (Practical Instrumentation, translated by Robin Humphrey Legge) of 1893.

Notable students include George Strong, Donald Heins, Jean Paul Kürsteiner, Frank Welsman and Richard Wetz.

Hofmann died in 1918 at the age of 74.

George Templeton Strong (composer)
George Templeton Strong (May 26, 1856 – June 27, 1948) was an American composer of classical music and a professional painter. His work has been described as Romantic. He moved to Vevey, Switzerland, in 1897 and lived there and in Geneva for the remainder of his life. Although his career was in Europe, he is considered an American composer.
2018 Taiwanese local elections
Local elections were held on 24 November 2018 in Taiwan, to elect county magistrates (city mayors), county (city) councilors, township mayors, township councilors and chiefs of village (borough) in 6 municipalities and 16 counties (cities). Elected officials would serve a four-year term. Polling stations were open from 08:00 to 16:00 on the election day.

The elections resulted in a substantial defeat for the DPP. The DPP previously held 13 of 22 municipalities and counties, but won only 6 in this election due to widespread public distrust, a de facto vote of no confidence on President Tsai's Administration, both politically (relations with China), economically (agriculture, tourism), and socially (pollution, labor laws, wages), which were reflected in the series of referendum results. The KMT won back executive control of 7 municipalities and counties from the DPP, while Ko Wen-je (independent) won his re-election for Taipei mayor.

2018 Taiwanese referendum
A multi-question referendum was held in Taiwan on 24 November 2018 alongside local elections. The referendum was the first since the December 2017 reform to the Referendum Act, which reduced the threshold for submitting questions to the ballot; under the new system, signatures from 1.5 percent of the electorate (around 280,000 people) were required to successfully put a question on the ballot, reduced from 5 percent previously.

In the referendum, 67% of Taiwan voters rejected legalising same-sex marriage. However, less than a year later, lawmakers of the majority Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) legalised same-sex marriage in May 2019.
Johnson South Reef
Johnson South Reef, also known as Chigua (Chih-kua) Reef (Chinese: 赤瓜礁; pinyin: Chìguā Jiāo; Wade–Giles: Chih-kua chiao), Gạc Ma Reef (Vietnamese: Đá Gạc Ma), or Mabini Reef (Filipino: Bahura ng Mabini, lit. 'Reef of Mabini'), is a reef in the southwest portion of the Union Banks in the Spratly Islands of the South China Sea. It is controlled by the People's Republic of China (PRC), but its ownership is disputed and also claimed by the Philippines, Taiwan (ROC), and Vietnam.

Union Banks
Union Banks (Pagkakaisa Banks and Reefs) is a large drowned atoll in the center of Dangerous Ground in the Spratly Islands in South China Sea, 230 kilometres (120 nautical miles) west of the Philippine coast, containing islands and reefs whose ownership remains disputed and controversial. The closest atoll is Tizard Bank, 25 kilometres (13 nautical miles) due north of Union Banks. There are only two natural islands on the rim of the reef, Sin Cowe Island and Sin Cowe East Island.

The atoll is 55 kilometres (34 miles) long from Johnson South Reef in the southwest to Whitson Reef in the northeast, and up to 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) wide. Its total area measures 461 square kilometres (178 square miles). The central lagoon is up to 53 metres (174 feet) deep.
Yolobus
Yolobus provides public transportation throughout Yolo County, California and into downtown Sacramento, western Sacramento County and northeastern Solano County.

The Yolobus fleet consists of 50 compressed natural gas (CNG) buses and 10 paratransit vehicles. Yolobus is administered by Yolo County Transportation District and bus operations have been contracted to Transdev (formerly Veolia Transport) since 2006. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 532,400, or about 3,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Sacramento International Airport
Sacramento International Airport (IATA: SMF, ICAO: KSMF, FAA LID: SMF) is an international airport located in Sacramento, California, 10.5 mi (16.9 km) northwest of Downtown Sacramento and in the Sacramento County, United States and covers 6,000 acres (2,400 ha). It is the primary airport serving the Sacramento Metropolitan Area, and it is run by the Sacramento County Airport System.

The airport is also a gateway to various attractions in Northern and Central California, such as Heavenly Mountain Resort, Lake Tahoe, Yosemite National Park, Old Sacramento State Historic Park, California State Capitol, Wine Country, Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area, Cosumnes River Preserve, Sutter's Mill and Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park and Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta.
Virginia City, Nevada
Virginia City is a historic town in Storey County, Nevada, United States. It was established in 1859 after the discovery of the Comstock Lode, one of the first major silver deposits in the United States, and rapidly developed into one of the most important mining centers of the American West. At its peak in the mid-1870s, Virginia City had an estimated population of 25,000 residents and served as a center of mining finance, engineering, and innovation.

Mining output declined after 1878, and the population fell sharply, but many historic buildings survived. The town played a significant role in Nevada’s economic development. It is closely associated with writers such as Mark Twain, who began his career there. In the 20th century, Virginia City’s historic area was preserved, and the town was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1961. As of the 2020 census, the population was 787.

James G. Fair
James Graham Fair (December 3, 1831 – December 28, 1894) was an Irish immigrant to the United States who became a highly successful mining engineer and businessman. His investments in silver mines in Nevada made him a millionaire, and he was one of the famous "silver kings" who became wealthy on the Comstock Lode. Fair later became a real estate investor and railroad builder in California. In 1881, he was elected a United States Senator from Nevada. Nearly all other major so-called robber barons were Protestants (Episcopal or Presbyterian) while Fair himself died a Roman Catholic though born into poverty to Anglican parents.
Aichi Korean Middle and High School
Aichi Korean Middle and High School (愛知朝鮮中高級学校, Aichi Chōsen Chūkōkyūgakkō), Korean: 아이찌조선중고급학교) is a North Korea-aligned Korean international school in Toyoake, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, in the Nagoya metropolitan area. As of 2013, the principal is Hwang In-suk.

As of 2013, many students are officially stateless (due to them being assigned the Chōsen-seki); some of them are South Korean citizens and some are naturalized Japanese citizens. Overall most students are fourth and/or fifth generation Zainichi Koreans. As of the same year, students who are close to graduating take trips to North Korea.

Toyoake
Toyoake (豊明市, Toyoake-shi) is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 69,525 in 30,185 households, and a population density of 2,994 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 23.22 square kilometres (8.97 sq mi).
Kuwait men's national ice hockey team
The Kuwait national ice hockey team (Arabic: منتخب الكويت لهوكي الجليد) is the national men's ice hockey team of Kuwait. The team is controlled by the Kuwait Ice Hockey Association and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) since 8 May 2009. Kuwait participated in the IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia, a regional tournament for lower-tier hockey nations in Asia, from 2010 to 2018. Kuwait made its World Championship debut at the 2018 Division III Qualification tournament.

As of December 2025, Kuwait is ranked 53rd in the IIHF World Ranking and 14th in the specialized ranking of Asian national teams.

Kuwait Ice Hockey Association
The Kuwait Ice Hockey Association (Arabic: الاتحاد الكويتي لهوكي الجليد) is the governing body of ice hockey in Kuwait. Kuwait had originally joined the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) in 1985, but was expelled in 1992 due to a lack of ice hockey activity. Kuwait was re-admitted into the IIHF on 8 May 2009.
Walt Michaels
Walter Edward Michaels (originally Majka) (October 16, 1929 – July 10, 2019) was an American professional football player and coach who was best remembered for his six-year tenure as head coach of the National Football League (NFL)'s New York Jets from 1977 to 1982. In 1977, Michaels was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame, the National Polish American Sports Hall of Fame and into the Suffolk Sports Hall of Fame on Long Island in the football Category with the Class of 1997.

Richard Todd (American football)
Carl Richard Todd (born November 19, 1953) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for the New York Jets and New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL) from 1976 to 1986. Like former Jets quarterback Joe Namath and Raiders quarterback Ken Stabler, he played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide under coach Paul "Bear" Bryant. Todd was selected by the Jets in the first round of the 1976 NFL draft with the sixth overall pick.
Dead Girls (novel)
Dead Girls is a science fiction novel by British author Richard Calder, first published in the UK in 1992 (HarperCollins) and 1995 in the US (St Martin's Press). It was his début novel.

Dead Girls tells the tale of a virus that turns pubescent girls into vampiric gynoid dolls called Lilim, and the doomed love affair between 15-year-old Ignatz Zwakh and a Lilim assassin called Primavera. The novel is the first in Calders 'Dead' trilogy, and is followed by the novels Dead Boys and Dead Things.

Dead Boys (novel)
Dead Boys is a science fiction novel by British writer Richard Calder, first published in 1994.

The novel is the second in Calders 'Dead' trilogy, and is set six months after the events described in the novel Dead Girls.