hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karasawa Genba
Karasawa Genba (唐沢 玄蕃) was a samurai of the Sengoku period, in the 16th century of the common era, who served as an important retainer of the Sanada clan.

Genba was allegedly born in Sawatari, Shinano province, and was originally an officer of Iwabitsu Castle.

Sanada Masayuki and Sanada Yukitaka were very good at persuading their opponents to defect. Their great talent in this field led them to win victories over many castles when infiltrated. Genba was one of those former enemies persuaded to defect, and thereafter went on to serve under the Sanada.

As a Sanada retainer, Genba snuck into Shiritaka Castle with his colleagues and burned it. He participated in the Battle of Nagashino in 1575. When Takeda, the lord of Sanada, lost that battle, Genba escaped and returned to his land.

In popular culture, Genba is frequently depicted as a ninja.

Iwabitsu Castle
Iwabitsu Castle (岩櫃城, Iwabitsu-jō) is a "yamashiro"-style (castle located on Mount Iwabitsu in Higashiagatsuma, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. The ruins have been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 2019.
Trial races for the Epsom Oaks
Trial races for the Epsom Oaks are horse races during April and May which are contested by three-year-old fillies likely to run in The Oaks in early June.

The leading trial of recent years has been the 1,000 Guineas Stakes, which has been contested by eight subsequent winners of the Oaks in the last twenty-five years. The following table shows races classed at Listed level or above which served as a trial for an Oaks winner during the period 1992 to 2023.

a  The Height of Fashion Stakes was known as the Lupe Stakes before 2007.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Ludwik Kalkstein
Ludwik "Hanka" Kalkstein (13 March 1920, in Warsaw– 26 October 1994, in Munich) was a Polish Nazi collaborator. He worked as a Nazi police agent during the German occupation of Poland and then as a Stalinist informant after the Soviet takeover of Poland. Along with his wife (Blanka Kaczorowska "Sroka", b. 13 October 1922 in Brest, d. 25 August 2004), they became traitors to the Polish AK resistance organization. Kalkstein was responsible for the arrest and execution by the Nazis of at least 14 officers of the Polish underground, including General Stefan Rowecki.

Stefan Rowecki
Stefan Paweł Rowecki (pseudonym: Grot, "Spearhead", hence the alternate name, Stefan Grot-Rowecki; 25 December 1895 – 2 August 1944) was a Polish general, journalist and the leader of the Armia Krajowa. He was murdered by the Gestapo in prison on the personal order of Heinrich Himmler.
Phoebe Hinsdale Brown
Phoebe Hinsdale Brown (née, Hinsdale; pen name, B.; May 1, 1783 – October 10, 1861) was one of the first notable American woman hymnwriters. She was the first American woman to write a hymn of wide popularity, "I love to steal awhile away".

I love to steal awhile away
"I love to steal awhile away" (originally, "An Apology for my Twilight Rambles, Addressed to a Lady") is a Christian hymn written by Phoebe Hinsdale Brown in 1818 in New Haven, Connecticut, U.S. It was Brown's habit to retire some distance from her house every day at a certain hour for meditation and prayer. The well-beaten path to the woods was discovered, and she was ridiculed by a thoughtless neighbor. "I love to steal awhile away" was written that night in tears, and later sung wherever the English language is spoken. The original version of the poem referenced Brown's domestic cares, but these were removed by the Rev. Asahel Nettleton in the published hymn.
McAlester Rockets
The McAlester Rockets were a minor league baseball team based in McAlester, Oklahoma. Between 1907 and 1926, previous McAlester teams played as members of the 1905 Missouri Valley League, 1906 South Central League, 1907 Oklahoma-Arkansas-Kansas League, 1908 Oklahoma-Kansas League, the Oklahoma State League in 1912 and 1924 and Western Association (1914–1917, 1922–1923, 1926). The Rockets played as members of the Class D level Sooner State League from 1947 to 1956, winning five league championships as an affiliate of the New York Yankees. The Rockets hosted home games at Jeff Lee Stadium.

Baseball Hall of Fame member Deacon White managed the 1907 McAlester Miners and fellow Hall of Famer Whitey Herzog played for the McAlester Rockets in 1949 and 1950.

Sooner State League
The Sooner State League was a Class D level minor league baseball league that operated from 1947 through 1957. The league owners kept it alive in 1958, anticipating a return to play in 1959. However, when only Ardmore and Paris, Texas, were able to secure working agreements, the league folded on February 12, 1959. The league franchises were based in Oklahoma and Texas.
Tuesday (book)
Tuesday, written and illustrated by  David Wiesner, is a 1991 wordless picture book published by Clarion Books.  Tuesday received the 1992 Caldecott Medal for illustrations and was Wiesner's first of three Caldecott Medals that he has won during his career.  Wiesner subsequently won the Caldecott Medal in 2002 for The Three Pigs, and the 2007 medal for Flotsam.

David Wiesner
David Wiesner (born February 5, 1956) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books, known best for picture books including some that tell stories without words. As an illustrator he has won three Caldecott Medals recognizing the year's "most distinguished American picture book for children" and he was one of five finalists in 2008 for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest recognition available for creators of children's books.
Baltringer Haufen
The Baltringer Haufen (also spelled Baltringer Haufe, German for Baltringen Band, Baltringen Troop or Baltringen Mob) was prominent among several armed groups of peasants and craftsmen during the German Peasants' War of 1524–1525. The name derived from the small Upper Swabian village of Baltringen, which lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Ulm in the district of Biberach, Germany. In the early modern period the term Haufe(n) (literally: heap) denoted a lightly organised military formation particularly with regard to Landsknecht regiments.

Heerhaufen
A Heerhaufen, also (Gewalt-)Haufen or Haufe, was the name given to unorganised or poorly organised paramilitary troops and auxiliaries in Central Europe during the Early Modern Period. The term is German and is sometimes translated "company" or "troops".

The term Haufe was used especially during the peasants' wars and Thirty Years' War for a body of men, sometimes of several thousand armed peasants or  Landsknechten, often with as part of a grassroots democracy movement (cf. the Heeresversammlungs of antiquity), and therefore more loosely organised than the smaller and strictly military units known as Fähnleins.

The well known German Youth Movement song "Wir sind des Geyers schwarze Haufen" ("We are Geyer's black Haufen") recalls the notion of the Haufen.

The German name for a forlorn hope is Verlorener Haufen ("Lost Haufen").
Robert F. Kent
Robert Free Kent (June 26, 1911 – October 1, 1982) was an American lawyer and politician who represented Crawford County in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1947 to 1956 and served as Pennsylvania Treasurer from 1957 to 1961. Kent served in the US Marine Corps during World War II and postwar became a captain in the Marine Corps Reserve. A Republican, he ran for Pennsylvania Auditor General in 1960, losing to Democratic nominee Thomas Z. Minehart.

Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Crawford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,938. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named for Colonel William Crawford. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.

Crawford County comprises the Meadville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Erie-Meadville combined statistical area.
Bernardus Weber
Bernardus “Ben” Matheus Antonius Weber (born March 29, 1912, in Tilburg, the Netherlands – October 23, 1996 in Camarillo, California) was a Dutch sculptor, draughtsman, and pastellist. He received the honor of knighthood in the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau by Queen Juliana of the Netherlands in 1977. Weber was a professor at California Lutheran University in Thousand Oaks, California for 22 years where he also served as the university's artist-in-residence. He operated his own Thousand Oaks art studio with clients such as Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands along with collectors from Beverly Hills and Hollywood. Some of his notable works include the 15-foot Enormous Luther (“Gumby”) statue at Falde Plaza on the Cal Lutheran campus as well as art utilized in films, including the Oscar-winning Doris Day film Pillow Talk (1959).

Tilburg
Tilburg (Dutch: [ˈtɪlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern province of North Brabant. With a population of 229,833 (January 2, 2024), it is the second-largest city or municipality in North Brabant after Eindhoven and the seventh-largest in the Netherlands.

Tilburg University is located in Tilburg, as are Avans University of Applied Sciences and Fontys University of Applied Sciences.

There are three railway stations within the municipality: Tilburg, Tilburg Universiteit and Tilburg Reeshof. The 75-hectare (185-acre) "Spoorzone" area around Tilburg Central station, once a Dutch Railways train maintenance yard, has been purchased by the city and is being transformed into an urban zone.
Coryton, Devon
Coryton is a hamlet and civil parish in the West Devon district of Devon, England, to the north west of Tavistock.

Coryton is in the valley of the River Lyd. It has a church and a former mill. There was formerly a railway station on the Launceston and South Devon Railway (later part of the GWR), closed in 1962.

Coryton House is a former rectory built in 1836. It is a Grade II listed building.

South Devon and Tavistock Railway
The South Devon and Tavistock Railway linked Plymouth with Tavistock in Devon; it opened in 1859. It was extended by the Launceston and South Devon Railway to Launceston, in Cornwall in 1865. It was a broad gauge line but from 1876 also carried the standard gauge (then referred to as narrow gauge) trains of the London and South Western Railway between Lydford and Plymouth: a third rail was provided, making a mixed gauge. In 1892 the whole line was converted to standard gauge only.

The line closed to passengers in 1962 although sections at either end were retained for a while to carry freight traffic. A short section has since been reopened as a preserved line by the Plym Valley Railway.
Miami Sharks (rugby union)
The Miami Sharks were an American professional rugby union team based in the Miami metropolitan area that competed in Major League Rugby (MLR). The team was founded in 2023 and began play during the 2024 season. Their home stadium is AutoNation Sports Field in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on the training grounds of Major League Soccer club Inter Miami CF.

Marcos Galperin
Marcos Eduardo Galperin (born 31 October 1971) is an Argentine businessman and technology entrepreneur, best known as co-founder of Mercado Libre. He led the company as Chief Executive Officer for more than two decades and will become Executive Chairman on 1 January 2026. With an estimated net worth of about US$9.3 billion (as of 2025), he is widely regarded as Argentina’s richest individual.
Lenore, Idaho
Lenore is an unincorporated community in Nez Perce County, Idaho, United States. Lenore is located on the north bank of the Clearwater River 23 miles (37 km) east-northeast of Lewiston. Lenore has a post office with ZIP code 83541.

Clearwater River (Idaho)
The Clearwater River is in the northwestern United States, in north central Idaho. Its length is 74.8 miles (120.4 km), it flows westward from the Bitterroot Mountains along the Idaho-Montana border, and joins the Snake River at Lewiston. In October 1805, the Lewis and Clark Expedition descended the Clearwater River in dugout canoes, putting in at "Canoe Camp," five miles (8 km) downstream from Orofino; they reached the Columbia Bar and the Pacific Ocean about six weeks later.

By average discharge, the Clearwater River is the largest tributary of the Snake River. The River got its name for the Niimiipuutímt naming as Koos-Koos-Kia - "clear water".

The drainage basin of the Clearwater River is 9,645 square miles (24,980 km2). Its mean annual discharge is 15,300 cubic feet per second (430 m3/s)
Marketplace station
Marketplace is a Southwest Transitway station in the Barrhaven neighbourhood of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The station is located at the Chapman Mills Marketplace shopping centre, an extensive commercial zone which contains big-box stores and department stores.

A temporary bus terminal served the neighbourhood initially. This street facility was replaced on April 17, 2011, by the permanent Transitway station and a new southerly terminus at Barrhaven Centre station which became the main connection point for local bus routes.

Starting July 19, 2014, route 99 has selected trips extended to/from Barrhaven Centre Station via Nepean Woods station, Beatrice station, and the Vimy Memorial Bridge, providing a connection to Riverside South and Greenboro station. This extension was later applied to all trips of route 99, and starting September 5, 2021, select routes have been extended even further to CitiGate.

Chapman Mills Marketplace
Chapman Mills Marketplace is a shopping centre located in the Barrhaven neighbourhood of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The borders for the shopping district are Strandherd Drive to the north, Greenbank Road to the west, Longfields Drive to the east, and Chapman Mills Drive to the south.

The centre consists of 20 buildings housing 66 stores and services including a grocery store (Loblaws, its anchor tenant), big box stores (Winners, Walmart), a cinema (Cineplex) and various restaurants. The property is owned by RioCan.

Marketplace station on the southwestern portion of the Transitway provides OC Transpo bus service for the centre.
Hilary Priestley
Hilary Ann Priestley is a British mathematician.  She is a professor at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of St Anne's College, Oxford, where she has been Tutor in Mathematics since 1972.

Hilary Priestley introduced ordered separable topological spaces; such topological spaces are now usually called Priestley spaces in her honour. The term "Priestley duality" is also used for her application of these spaces in the representation theory of distributive lattices.

Distributive lattice
In mathematics,  a distributive lattice is a lattice in which the operations of join and meet distribute over each other. The prototypical examples of such structures are collections of sets for which the lattice operations can be given by set union and intersection. Indeed, these lattices of sets describe the scenery completely: every distributive lattice is—up to isomorphism—given as such a lattice of sets.
Concerned Philosophers for Peace
Concerned Philosophers For Peace (CPP) is an organization of professional philosophers founded in 1981. It is the "largest and most active organization of professional philosophers in North America oriented to the critique of militarism and the search for a just and lasting peace." The organization sponsors an annual conference, as well as programs at meetings of the American Philosophical Association.

Over the decades, several noted scholars specializing in the study of peace have served as President of the organization including: Duane Cady (1991-1992), Robert L. Holmes (1992-1993), Robert Paul Churchill (2004-2005) and Barry L. Gan (2006-2007).

Robert Paul Churchill
Robert Paul Churchill is an American philosopher, ethicist, logician, educator, author, and academic. Churchill's career at George Washington University spanned forty two years from 1975 to 2017. He served as Elton Professor of Philosophy at GWU from 2014 to 2017, and as chair of the department of philosophy twice (1986–1988 and 1992–1994), and as director of the peace studies program from 1997 to 2001. Churchill was the president of Concerned Philosophers for Peace from 2004 until 2005, and the American Society for Value Inquiry, and the founder of the Society for Philosophy in the Contemporary World and its director for eight years.

Churchill is known for his work, often interdisciplinary, on human rights, war, ethics, logic, politics, and social philosophy.
S. L. Hakimi
Seifollah Louis Hakimi (1932–June 23, 2006) was an Iranian-American mathematician born in Iran, a professor emeritus at Northwestern University, where he chaired the department of electrical engineering from 1973 to 1978. He was chair of the Department of Electrical Engineering at University of California, Davis, from 1986 to 1996.

Born in Mashhad, Iran, to an Iranian Jewish family, Hakimi moved to the United States in the early 1950s. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1959, under the supervision of Mac Van Valkenburg. He has over 100 academic descendants, most of them via his student Narsingh Deo.

He is known for characterizing the degree sequences of undirected graphs, for formulating the Steiner tree problem on networks, and for his work on facility location problems on networks.

Degree (graph theory)
In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex  is denoted  or . The maximum degree of a graph  is denoted by , and is the maximum of 's vertices' degrees. The minimum degree of a graph is denoted by , and is the minimum of 's vertices' degrees. In the multigraph shown on the right, the maximum degree is 5 and the minimum degree is 0.

In a regular graph, every vertex has the same degree, and so we can speak of the degree of the graph. A complete graph (denoted , where  is the number of vertices in the graph) is a special kind of regular graph where all vertices have the maximum possible degree, .

In a signed graph, the number of positive edges connected to a vertex  is called its positive degree and the number of connected negative edges is called  negative degree.
Guy Godfree
Guy Godfree is a Canadian cinematographer. He is most noted for his work on the films Maudie, for which he won the 2017 Canadian Society of Cinematographers award for feature film cinematography, and At the Place of Ghosts (Sk+te’kmujue’katik), for which he won the Best Atlantic Cinematography award at the 2025 Atlantic International Film Festival.

Originally from Pugwash, Nova Scotia, he is a graduate of the American Film Institute Conservatory.

His other credits have included Wet Bum, Frost, Natasha, Suck It Up, Giant Little Ones, The Parting Glass, Buffaloed, Plus One, Let Him Go, Wildhood and Sharp Corner.

Sharp Corner
Sharp Corner is a 2024 thriller film written and directed by Jason Buxton. Based on the 2012 short story by Russell Wangersky, the film stars Ben Foster as Josh McCall, a man who becomes obsessed with saving car accident victims at the sharp road corner near his home. It is produced by Paul Barkin, Marc Tetreault, Jason Levangie, Susan Mullen, and Buxton.
Rural Municipality of Lake Alma No. 8
The Rural Municipality of Lake Alma No. 8 (2016 population: 242) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 2 and SARM Division No. 2. Located in the southeast portion of the province, it is adjacent to the United States border, neighbouring Sheridan County in Montana and Divide County in North Dakota.

SARM Division No. 2
SARM Division No. 2 is a division of the Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities (SARM) within the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located in the south-central area of the province. The current director for division 2 is Cody Jordison.
Fembots (band)
FemBots are a Canadian indie rock band from Toronto formed in 1998. FemBots are known for their unique sound of combining instrumental everyday items, junk instruments, and traditional instruments in their music.

The Tracey Fragments (film)
The Tracey Fragments is a 2007 Canadian psychological drama film directed by Bruce McDonald and written by Maureen Medved. Based on Medved's 1998 novel of the same name, it stars Elliot Page as Tracey Berkowitz exploring the city in search of her missing brother, presented in a nonlinear narrative and split screen format.

The film premiered at the 57th Berlin International Film Festival, where it was awarded the Manfred Salzgeber Prize for innovative filmmaking.
Felgueiras (Resende)
Felgueiras (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌfɛlˈɣɐjɾɐʃ]) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Resende, Viseu District, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Felgueiras e Feirão. In 2001, the population was 315 inhabitants occupying an area of 8.4 km² (approximately 37.5 inhabitants per km²).

Felgueiras e Feirão
Felgueiras e Feirão is a civil parish in the municipality of Resende, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Felgueiras and Feirão. The population in 2011 was 436, in an area of 13.28 km2.
Thomas B. Bell
Thomas Bell was one of Stephen F. Austin's colonists, having moved to Texas in 1824 although one record has him entering the colony as early as 1822. He was a soldier during the Texas Revolution and received a bounty of land for participating in the Siege of Bexar. He and his brother James Bell later donated the land upon which the town of Bellville, Texas was built. His will was probated in Austin County, Texas.

Bellville, Texas
Bellville is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Austin County. The city's population was 4,206 at the 2020 census. Bellville is on the eastern edge of the Texas-German belt, and Bellville is known for its German culture and descendants of those Germans still call Bellville home.

State Highway 36 and State Highway 159 intersect at Bellville, as do FM 529, FM 1456, and FM 2429.
Borli
Borli (Kazakh: Борли) is an alkaline lake in Akkuly District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies 40 kilometers (25 mi) to the NNE of Akkuly, the district capital, and about 80 kilometers (50 mi) southeast of Pavlodar, the regional capital.

Pavlodar Region
Pavlodar Region is a region of Kazakhstan. Its population was 742,475 (2009 census results) and before that 806,983 (1999 census results). The latest official estimate (as at the start of 2022) was 756,511. Its capital is the city of Pavlodar, which had a population of 360,014 at the start of 2018. Many people, especially Ukrainians, migrated to Pavlodar during Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign.

The Bayanaul National Park, a protected area of the Kazakh Uplands, is located in the Bayanaul Range, within 100 km of Ekibastuz.