hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Florida Southern Railway
The Florida Southern Railway was a railway that operated in Florida in the late 1800s.  It was one of Florida's three notable narrow gauge railways when it was built along with the South Florida Railway and the Orange Belt Railway.  The Florida Southern was originally chartered to run from Lake City south through central Florida to Charlotte Harbor.  However, with the influence of Henry B. Plant, it operated with two discontinuous segments that would be part of the Plant System, which would later become part of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway.

Palatka, Florida
Palatka (/pəˈlætkə/ ⓘ) is a city in and the county seat of Putnam County, Florida, United States. Palatka is the principal city of the Palatka Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is home to 72,893 residents. The Palatka micropolitan area is included in the Jacksonville–Kingsland–Palatka, FL-GA Combined Statistical Area.

The city is the location of the St. Johns River State College, St. Johns River Water Management District Headquarters, and Ravine Gardens State Park. Local festivals include the Florida Azalea Festival and the Blue Crab Festival. The population was 10,446 at the 2020 census, down from 10,558 at the 2010 census.
No Friendly Drop
No Friendly Drop is a 1931 mystery detective novel by the British writer Henry Wade. It was the second in a series of seven novels featuring the character of Inspector Poole, published during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. It was released in the United States the following year by Brewer and Warren where it received positive reviews in the New York Herald Tribune and the New York Evening Post, with the latter describing it as "A superior detective story, depending more upon intrinsic interest in a logical plot than upon excitement and goriness for its hold on the reader".

Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 6th Baronet
Major Sir Henry Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 6th Baronet KStJ CVO DSO  (10 September 1887 – 30 May 1969), also known by his pen name Henry Wade, was Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire from 1954 to 1961. He was also one of the leading authors during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction.
1997 Lao League
The 1997 Lao League was the eighth season of top flight football in Laos. Sayaboury FC, from Luang Prabang, and Lao Army FC, from Vientiane, won the championship2. The second championship in 1997, won by Lao Army, was the first official championship, played by 4 teams from Vientiane and 4 from the provinces. The championship won by Lao Army was their seventh league title in eight years.

Lao Army F.C.
Lao Army Association Football Club is a football section of the Lao People's Armed Forces, based in Vientiane. It plays in the Lao League 1, the top tier football league in Laos. The club have won a record of 8 league titles.
Edwin Cheel
Edwin Cheel (14 February 1872 – 19 September 1951) was an Australian botanist and collector.

Before being appointed as a staff member of Centennial Park in 1897 he was a gardener in New South Wales and Queensland. Later he transferred to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. In 1908 he joined the National Herbarium, and was appointed Chief Botanist and Curator from 1933 to 1936. He described plants in the Myrtle family such as Melaleuca howeana. Apart from the myrtles, his other main botanic interest were the lichens. He traveled extensively in collection of botanical specimens, which are lodged in New South Wales. He has a street named after him in the suburb of Farrer, in the Australian Capital Territory.

Melaleuca howeana
Melaleuca howeana, commonly known as tea tree, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the Lord Howe Island group, 600 km (400 mi) off the east coast of Australia. It is common in exposed areas, on cliffs and ridges, occasionally forming pure stands. Its closest mainland relative is Melaleuca ericifolia.
Tonkinacris
Tonkinacris is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, subfamily Melanoplinae, tribe Podismini Jacobson, 1905 and subtribe Tonkinacridina Ito, 2015. The recorded distribution of species is in East Asia: including southern China and Vietnam.

Podismini
Podismini is a tribe of "spur-throated grasshoppers" in the family Acrididae. This tribe is unlike others in the subfamily Melanoplinae in that genera are found throughout the northern hemisphere, with a substantial number occurring outside the Americas (although there are about 12 in N. America).
Loy Hering
Loy Hering (1484–85 in Kaufbeuren – 1 June 1564 in Eichstätt) was a German Renaissance sculptor.

He began his career as an apprentice to Hans Beierlein in Augsburg. Between 1511 and 1512 he settled in Eichstätt, where in 1519 he was elected to the city council, from which he was elected to the post of Mayor several times (1523–24, 1527, 1533 and 1540). His greatest patron was the Prince-Bishop Gabriel von Eyb. With his sons and apprentices Hering ran one of the most prolific artist's workshops of the German renaissance, supplying sculptures to almost the entire German-speaking region.

Eichstätt
Eichstätt (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪçʃtɛt] ⓘ) is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.
Monuments Uncovered
Monuments Uncovered is the tenth studio album by the German power metal band Mystic Prophecy. It was released by Massacre Records on the 12 January 2018 and contains 11 metal cover tracks of famous rock hits primarily from the 1970s and 1980s with the exception of "Are You Gonna Go My Way" and "Space Lord" releasing from the 1990s.

Mystic Prophecy
Mystic Prophecy is a German power metal band from Bad Grönenbach. Their sound has been described as heavy and melodic, similar to American power metal bands such as Iced Earth, due to their melodic riffing and powerful drumming.
Ronn McFarlane
Ronn McFarlane (born 1953) is an American lutenist and composer, most notable as an interpreter of Renaissance music.  He formerly taught lute at the Peabody Conservatory, and has recorded many albums as a solo performer and in collaboration with others, including the groups Ayreheart and The Baltimore Consort, and as a guest artist for countless other groups.  He resides in West Linn, Oregon (a suburb of Portland), and continues to perform and compose to this day.

West Linn, Oregon
West Linn is a city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. A southern suburb within the Portland metropolitan area, West Linn developed on the site of the former Linn City, which was named after U.S. Senator Lewis F. Linn of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri, who had advocated the American occupation of the Oregon territory as a counterclaim to the British.

The Sullivan hydroelectric plant opened in 1889, and harvested energy from nearby Willamette Falls. The adjacent Willamette Falls Pulp and Paper Company began operations the same year.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 27,373.
Cycling
Cycling, also known as bicycling or biking, is the activity of riding a bicycle or other types of pedal-driven human-powered vehicles such as balance bikes, unicycles, tricycles, and quadricycles. Cycling is practised around the world for purposes including transport, recreation, exercise, and competitive sport.

League of American Bicyclists
The League of American Bicyclists (LAB), officially the League of American Wheelmen, is a membership organization that promotes cycling for fun, fitness and transportation through advocacy and education.
A Section 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, the League is one of the largest membership organizations of cyclists in the United States.
The Day Freedom Died
The Day Freedom Died: The Colfax Massacre, the Supreme Court, and the Betrayal of Reconstruction is a book by Charles Lane published in 2008 by Henry Holt and Company, now operating under Macmillan Publishers.

Charles Lane (journalist)
Charles Lane (born 1961) is an American journalist and editor who is the deputy editor at The Free Press and a regular guest on the Fox News Channel. He was the editor of The New Republic from 1997 to 1999 and the deputy opinion editor for The Washington Post from 2000 to 2024. During his tenure at The New Republic, Lane oversaw the work of Stephen Glass, a staff reporter who fabricated portions of all or some of the 41 articles he had written for the magazine, in one of the largest fabrication scandals of contemporary American journalism. After leaving the New Republic, Lane went to work for the Post, where, from 2000 to 2007, he covered the Supreme Court of the United States and issues related to the criminal justice system and judicial matters. He has since joined the newspaper's editorial page.
Sathyam (2004 film)
Sathyam (transl.Truth) is a 2004 Indian Malayalam-language action drama film written and directed by Vinayan, starring Prithviraj Sukumaran, Priyamani,Anandaraj Thilakan and Lalu Alex. This was Priyamani's debut film in Malayalam and the last Malayalam film of Taruni Sachdev. The film generated positive reviews upon released praising Prithviraj's performances and became a blockbuster The film is loosely inspired by the Tamil film Dhill (2001), starring Chiyaan Vikram.

Thilakan
Palappurathu Keshavan Surendranatha Thilakan (15 July 1935 – 24 September 2012), known mononymously as Thilakan, was an Indian film and stage actor who appeared in over 200 Malayalam films. Spanning more than five decades, Thilakan’s acting career was marked by critical acclaim for his versatility and powerful screen presence. He won several major honours including the Padma Shri (2009) from the Government of India, multiple National Film Awards and numerous Kerala State Film Awards, becoming the most frequent winner of the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor.

Thilakan was known for his elaborate method acting and realistic, spontaneous performances and is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema, whose style influenced generations of Malayalam actors and audience.
Battle of Mechain
The Battle of Mechain was fought in Powys, Wales, in 1070, for rule of the Welsh kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys. The battlefield may be near Llanfechain in northern Powys. A written account is included in the Brut y Tywysogion, the medieval Welsh chronicle of the princes. It is also referred to in the work of medieval poets such as Lewys Glyn Cothi.

After the murder of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, Harold Godwinson married his widow Ealdgyth and divided Gruffydd's realm into the traditional kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys, the rule of which were given to Bleddyn ap Cynfyn and his brother Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn. Gruffydd left two sons— Maredudd and Idwal–who in 1070 challenged Bleddyn and Rhiwallon at Mechain in an attempt to win back part of their father's kingdom.  However, both sons were defeated, Idwal (or Ithel) being killed in combat and Maredudd dying of exposure after the battle.

Rhiwallon was also killed in this battle, leaving Bleddyn to rule Gwynedd and Powys alone.

Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn (Middle Welsh: Bledẏnt uab Kẏnỽẏn; (died 1075), sometimes spelled Blethyn, was an 11th-century Welsh king. King Harold Godwinson and Tostig Godwinson installed Bleddyn and his brother, Rhiwallon, as the co-rulers of kingdom of Gwynedd on his father's death in 1063, during their destruction of the kingdom of their half-brother, king Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. Bleddyn became king of Powys and co-ruler of the Kingdom of Gwynedd with his brother Rhiwallon from 1063 to 1075. His descendants continued to rule Powys as the House of Mathrafal.
Rapateaceae
The Rapateaceae are a family of flowering plants. The botanical name has been recognized by most taxonomists.

The APG II system of 2003 also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. This represents a slight change from the APG system, 1998, which left the family unplaced as to order, but placed it in the same clade (although it used the spelling "commelinoids"). The family is divided into 16 genera with a total of about 94 known species, found in tropical South America and tropical west Africa.

The Cronquist system of 1981 also recognized this family and placed it in the order Commelinales in the subclass Commelinidae in class Liliopsida in division Magnoliophyta.

APG system
The APG system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system) of plant classification is the first version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy. Published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, it was replaced by the improved APG II in 2003, APG III system in 2009 and APG IV system in 2016.
Cuban War of Independence
The Cuban War of Independence, fought from 1895 to 1898, was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Little War (1879–1880). During the war, Spain sent 220,285 soldiers to Cuba—according to the Library of Congress, the largest army to cross the Atlantic until World War II. The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines against Spain. Historians disagree as to the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians.

Valeriano Weyler
Captain General Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, 1st Duke of Rubí, 1st Marquess of Tenerife (17 September 1838 – 20 October 1930) was a Spanish Army officer and colonial administrator who served as the Governor-General of the Philippines and the Governor-General of Cuba, and later as the Minister for War. He is infamous for the brutality with which he executed his assignment to suppress an 1897 rebellion in Cuba through a policy of mass-reconcentration, which is estimated to have killed between 170,000 and 400,000 Cubans, significantly influencing United States interests in declaring war on Spain.
Oxford University Ice Hockey Club
The Oxford University Ice Hockey Club (OUIHC) is home to the men's and women's Blues ice hockey teams of the University of Oxford, England. The men's Blues, also known as Oxford University Blues, is one of the world's oldest ice hockey teams. Tradition places the origin of the team in 1885, when a match is said to have been played against Cambridge University Ice Hockey Club in St. Moritz, Switzerland. This date is recognised by the Hockey Hall of Fame, and prior to the 1985 Ice Hockey Varsity Match, the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) formally recognised the 1885 game as the first ice hockey match played in Europe. However, there is no contemporary evidence that this match took place, and Oxford now claims that this was a bandy match.

Ronald Martland
Ronald Martland, CC, AOE (February 10, 1907 – November 20, 1997) was a Canadian lawyer and puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. He was the second Albertan appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada, taking the place of Justice Nolan, who died after only a short time on the Court.
Shannon Rovers GAA
Shannon Rovers GAA is a Tipperary GAA club which is located in the north of County Tipperary, Ireland. Both hurling and Gaelic football are played in the "North Tipperary" divisional competitions.  The club is centered on the villages of Ballinderry, Terryglass and Kilbarron.

Terryglass
Terryglass (Irish: Tír Dhá Ghlas, meaning 'land of the two streams') is a village in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is on the north-eastern shore of Lough Derg, near where the River Shannon enters the lough, on the R493 road. Terryglass is also a civil parish in the historical barony of Ormond Lower, and an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Killaloe.
Tiger, Colorado
Tiger is an extinct town in Summit County, Colorado, United States.

A post office called Tiger was established in 1919, and remained in operation until 1940. The community took its name from the Royal Tiger Mines Company. The town site was destroyed before 1995 by the Forest Service in order to be used as a snowmobile track.

Summit County, Colorado
Summit County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,055, and was estimated to be 30,882 in 2024. The county seat of Breckenridge. Summit County comprises the Breckenridge, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Ippodromo delle Capannelle, Rome 2013
Ippodromo Delle Capannelle, Rome 2013 is a live album by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, released in November 2015 and the eighth  official release through the Bruce Springsteen Archives. The show was originally recorded live at the Ippodromo delle Capannelle in Rome, Italy on July 11, 2013 during the Wrecking Ball Tour.

The concert is available on CD and digital download.

E Street Band
The E Street Band is an American rock band that has been the primary backing band for rock musician Bruce Springsteen since 1972. For the bulk of Springsteen's recording and performing career, the band consisted of guitarists Steven Van Zandt, Nils Lofgren, and Patti Scialfa, keyboardists Danny Federici and Roy Bittan, bassist Garry Tallent, drummer Max Weinberg and saxophonist Clarence Clemons. In 2014, the E Street Band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

When not working with Springsteen, members of the band have recorded solo material and have pursued successful careers as session musicians, record producers, songwriters, actors and other roles in entertainment.
Edoardo Aldo Cerrato
Edoardo Aldo Cerrato C.O. (born 13 October 1949) is an Italian prelate who has serves as Bishop of Ivrea since 2012. Prior of his appointment as Bishop, he served as the Procurator General of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri from 1994 to 2012.

Diocese of Ivrea
The Diocese of Ivrea (Latin: Dioecesis Eporediensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Piedmont. For a time the diocese included the territory which had once been the diocese of Aosta, suppressed in 1803 but restored in 1817. Up until 1517 Ivrea was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Milan; it is now a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Turin.
Stridor
Stridor (from Latin  stridere 'to grate, screech') is an extra-thoracic high-pitched breath sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the larynx or elsewhere in the upper respiratory tract. It is different from stertor, which is a snoring noise originating in the pharynx, and wheezing, which originates in the bronchi.

Stridor is a physical sign which is caused by a narrowed or obstructed airway. It can be inspiratory, expiratory or biphasic, although it is usually heard during inspiration. Inspiratory stridor often occurs in children with croup. It may be indicative of serious airway obstruction from severe conditions such as epiglottitis, a foreign body lodged in the airway, or a laryngeal tumor. Stridor should always command attention to establish its cause. Visualization of the airway by medical experts equipped to control the airway may be needed.

Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy is an endoscopic technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An instrument (bronchoscope) is inserted into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy. This allows the practitioner to examine the patient's airways for abnormalities such as foreign bodies, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation. Specimens may be taken from inside the lungs. The construction of bronchoscopes ranges from rigid metal tubes with attached lighting devices to flexible optical fiber instruments with realtime video equipment.
Apolo, La Paz
Apolo is a location in the Franz Tamayo Province in the La Paz Department, Bolivia, South America, with a population of 2,123 in the year 2001. It is the seat of the Apolo Municipality.

The main plaza is dominated by a large Roman Catholic Chapel. There are three schools with most children attending in the morning.

It is approximately fourteen hours away from the La Paz capital. On the way to Apolo the road is accompanied by numerous waterfalls and changing landscapes.

The village is served by Apolo Airport.

14°43′12″S 68°30′14″W﻿ / ﻿14.72000°S 68.50389°W﻿ / -14.72000; -68.50389

Franz Tamayo Province
Franz Tamayo is a province in the Bolivian department of La Paz.  It lies in the western part of the nation, and includes the Ulla Ulla National Reserve - which today is part of the Apolobamba Integrated Management Natural Area - in the high Andean plain on the western border with Peru. Its capital is Apolo.

The province was founded with the name Caupollcán on January 23, 1826. On December 20, 1967 the name was changed in honor of the Bolivian intellectual, writer and politician Franz Tamayo (1878–1956).
Abulci
The Abulci were a Roman auxiliary company (numerus) mentioned in the Notitia Dignitatum (ca. 420) as composing part of the garrison of the Saxon Shore Fort of Anderida – the title of one position is listed as "Praepositus numeri Abulcorum, Anderidos" (The commander of the Company of Abulci at Anderida) (Notitia Dignitatum xxviii.20).  The unit may have been recruited from the territory of Abula (now Ávila) in Hispania Tarraconensis, although a Gaulish origin has also been suggested.

Earlier the Abulci are mentioned by Zosimus among the forces fighting for Constantius II at the Battle of Mursa Major in 351 (τάγματος τών Άβούλχων), where their commander,  Arcadius, was killed.(ii.51)

The Abulci were mentioned by Kipling in Puck of Pook's Hill ("A Centurion of the Thirtieth").

Saxon Shore
The Saxon Shore (Latin: litus Saxonicum) was a military command of the Late Roman Empire, consisting of a series of fortifications on both sides of the English Channel. It was established in the late 3rd century and was led by the "Count of the Saxon Shore". In the late 4th century, his functions were limited to Britain, while the fortifications in Gaul were established as separate commands. Several well-preserved Saxon Shore forts survive in east and south-east England; they are some of the best-preserved Roman forts surviving in the world, notable for the height and strength of their walls.
Rowayton station
Rowayton station is a commuter rail station on the Metro-North Railroad New Haven Line, located in the Rowayton neighborhood of Norwalk, Connecticut.

Nineteenth-century artist and humanitarian Vincent Colyer helped to get the original station built.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.
Wheeler Army Airfield
Wheeler Army Airfield (IATA: HHI, ICAO: PHHI, FAA LID: HHI), also known as Wheeler Field and formerly as Wheeler Air Force Base, is a United States Army post located in the City & County of Honolulu and in the Wahiawa District of the Island of O'ahu, Hawaii. It is a National Historic Landmark for its role in the 7 December 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

Hawaii Air National Guard
The Hawaii Air National Guard (HI ANG) is the aerial militia of the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Hawaii Army National Guard, an element of the Hawaii National Guard.

As state militia units, the units in the Hawaii Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Hawaii through the office of the Hawaii Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Hawaii Air National Guard is headquartered at Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam, Honolulu, and its commander is Major General Joseph Harris.