hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Papez circuit
The Papez circuit /peɪpz/, or medial limbic circuit, is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression.  In 1937, James Papez proposed that the circuit connecting the hypothalamus to the limbic lobe was the basis for emotional experiences. Paul D. MacLean reconceptualized Papez's proposal and coined the term limbic system. MacLean redefined the circuit as the "visceral brain" which consisted of the limbic lobe and its major connections in the forebrain – hypothalamus, amygdala, and septum. Over time, the concept of a forebrain circuit for the control of emotional expression has been modified to include the prefrontal cortex.

Limbic lobe
The limbic lobe is an arc-shaped cortical region of the limbic system, on the medial surface of each cerebral hemisphere of the mammalian brain, consisting of parts of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. The term is ambiguous, with some authors including the paraterminal gyrus, the subcallosal area, the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus, the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus and the subiculum;
Black Boys Burning
Black Boys Burning: The 1959 Fire at the Arkansas Negro Boys Industrial School is a 2017 non-fiction book by Grif Stockley, published by University Press of Mississippi. It is about the deadly fire at the Arkansas Negro Boys' Industrial School.

Arkansas Negro Boys' Industrial School
The Arkansas Negro Boys' Industrial School (1927–1968) was a juvenile correctional facility for black male youth in Arkansas. There were two locations in 1936, one in Jefferson County and one in Wrightsville 10 miles (16 km) southeast of Little Rock. A fire in 1959 at the children's dormitory killed 21 victims. According to a 1967 lawsuit, the one in Jefferson County near Pine Bluff was known as White Boys School and held whites.
Pratama Arhan
Pratama Arhan Alif Rifai (born 21 December 2001) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Thai League 1 club Bangkok United and the Indonesia national team. He is most known for his powerful throw-ins and free kicks. Arhan was also a nominee of the AFC's 11 players to watch in 2023.

2020 AFF Championship
The 2020 AFF Championship (officially AFF Suzuki Cup 2020 for sponsorship reasons) was the 13th edition of the AFF Championship, the football championship of nations affiliated to the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF), the 7th and the last edition under the name AFF Suzuki Cup.

The final tournament was originally scheduled to run from 23 November to 31 December 2020. However, the tournament was postponed and rescheduled at least twice due to the COVID-19 pandemic; the tournament was first rescheduled to run from 11 April to 8 May 2021 and the schedule later pushed backed further to 5 December 2021 to 1 January 2022. Singapore was chosen as host of the tournament in a centralised location.

Vietnam were the defending champions, but were eliminated by their rivals, Thailand in the semi-finals. Thailand won the tournament by a 6–2 victory in the two-legged final against Indonesia to secure their sixth title.
Stokkviknakken Tunnel
The Stokkviknakken Tunnel (Norwegian: Stokkviknakkentunnelen) is a road tunnel that is part of Norwegian County Road 830 in Fauske Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located between Finneid in the town of Fauske and the village of Sulitjelma. It is located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of a series of three long tunnels on the road.

The 568-metre (1,864 ft) long tunnel was originally built in 1962 as part of the Sulitjelma Line between Finneid and Sulitjelma. The tunnel was built to shorten the overall length of the railroad by straightening the path and going through a mountain rather than curving around it. The railway line was closed and dismantled in 1972. The tunnel was rebuilt soon after when the old railway line was converted into a highway which opened in 1975.

Fauske Municipality
Fauskeⓘ (Norwegian) or Fuossko (Lule Sami) is a municipality located in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Fauske. Some of the villages in Fauske include Nystad, Venset, Straumsnes, Sjønstå, Valnesfjord, Finneid, and Sulitjelma.

The municipality borders Sweden in the east, Sørfold Municipality to the north, Bodø Municipality to the west, and Saltdal Municipality to the southeast. The town is located on the northern shore of Skjerstad Fjord.

The 1,197-square-kilometre (462 sq mi) municipality is the 90th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fauske Municipality is the 116th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,827. The municipality's population density is 8.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (21/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Violet-green swallow
The violet-green swallow (Tachycineta thalassina) is a small North American passerine bird in the swallow family. These aerial insectivores are distributed along the west coast from Alaska to Mexico, extending as far east as Montana and Texas. With an appearance very similar to the tree swallow, these individuals can be identified by the white rump side-patches that appear to separate their green back and purple tail. Violet-green swallows are secondary cavity nesters, found in a number of habitats including deciduous and coniferous forest. In addition to nesting in tree holes within these habitats, they are also widely observed nesting in the cracks of large cliffs.

Tachycineta
Tachycineta is a genus of  birds in the swallow family Hirundinidae. There are nine described species all restricted to the Americas.

These are slender swallows with forked tails. Most species have a metallic green back, green or blue head, and metallic blue or unglossed brown wings. All have pure white underparts, and four species have a white rump.

Most Tachycineta swallows are at least partially migratory, with only golden and mangrove swallow being essentially resident. All the species use natural or disused cavities for nest sites.
P2X purinoreceptor
The P2X receptors, also ATP-gated P2X receptor cation channel family, is a protein family that consists of cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channels that open in response to the binding of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). They belong to a larger family of receptors known as the ENaC/P2X superfamily. ENaC and P2X receptors have similar 3-D structures and are homologous. P2X receptors are present in a diverse array of organisms including humans, mouse, rat, rabbit, chicken, zebrafish, bullfrog, fluke, and amoeba.

P2RX7
P2X purinoceptor 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RX7 gene.

The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced variants which would encode different isoforms have been identified although some fit nonsense-mediated decay criteria.

The receptor is found in the central and peripheral nervous systems, in microglia, in macrophages, in uterine endometrium, and in the retina. The P2X7 receptor also serves as a pattern recognition receptor for extracellular ATP-mediated apoptotic cell death, regulation of receptor trafficking, mast cell degranulation, and inflammation. Regarding inflammation, P2X7 receptor induces the NLRP3 inflammasome in myeloid cells and leads to interleukin-1beta release.
Sweetbay Supermarket
Sweetbay Supermarket was a chain of American supermarkets located in Florida. The first Sweetbay Supermarket to open was in Seminole, Florida, in November 2004. The company's headquarters was located near Tampa, in Hillsborough County, Florida. It was a part of the Belgian Delhaize Group. In May 2013, the chain was purchased by BI-LO. On October 8, 2013, BI-LO announced it was retiring the Sweetbay name and all remaining locations would be re-branded as Winn-Dixie.

Winn-Dixie
The Winn-Dixie Company, LLC, is an American supermarket chain headquartered in Jacksonville, Florida. Founded in 1925, Winn-Dixie grocery stores and liquor stores serve communities throughout five southeastern states – Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana and Mississippi. Winn-Dixie is a subsidiary of The Winn-Dixie Company.

The company has had its present name since 1955 and can trace its roots back to 1925.
Mount Desert, Maine
Mount Desert is a town located on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,146 at the 2020 census. Incorporated in 1789, the town comprises the villages of Otter Creek, Seal Harbor, Northeast Harbor, Somesville, Hall Quarry, and Pretty Marsh.

Northeast Harbor, Maine
Northeast Harbor is a village on Mount Desert Island, located in the town of Mount Desert in Hancock County, Maine, United States.

The village has a significant summer population, and has long been a quiet enclave of the rich and famous. Summer residents include the Rockefeller family. The village was once so popular as a summer resort among Philadelphians, including members of the Clark banking family, that it was sometimes known as "Philadelphia on the rocks".

Landmarks include the Asticou Hotel, the Asticou Azalea Garden, and Thuya Garden at the village's eastern entrance; Main Street, home to a variety of shops and restaurants; and the Marina, home to more than 200 yachts during the summertime.

Its ZIP code is 04662. Its area code is 207, exchange 276.
USS Tautog (SSN-639)
USS Tautog (SSN-639), a Sturgeon-class attack submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the tautog (Tautoga onitis), a wrasse commonly found along the Northern Atlantic coast. The submarine was in service from 17 August 1968 to 31 March 1997.

Seawolf Park
Seawolf Park is a memorial to USS Seawolf (SS-197), a United States Navy Sargo-class submarine mistakenly sunk by U.S. Navy forces in 1944 during World War II. It is located on Pelican Island (29°20′03″N 94°46′45″W﻿ / ﻿29.33417°N 94.77917°W﻿ / 29.33417; -94.77917), just north of Galveston, Texas, in the United States. The park has two museum ships; Gato class submarine USS Cavalla (SS-244) and Edsall class destroyer escort USS Stewart (DE-238,) along with parts from three other vessels and offshore the remains of a former merchant ship. Other activities at the park include a picnic area and fishing.
Orthodox semigroup
In mathematics, an orthodox semigroup is a regular semigroup whose set of idempotents forms a subsemigroup. In more recent terminology, an orthodox semigroup is a regular E-semigroup. The term orthodox semigroup was coined by T. E. Hall and presented in a paper published in 1969. Certain special classes of orthodox semigroups had been studied earlier. For example, semigroups that are also unions of groups, in which the sets of idempotents form  subsemigroups were studied by P. H. H. Fantham in 1960.

E-semigroup
In the area of mathematics known as semigroup theory, an E-semigroup is a semigroup in which the idempotents form a subsemigroup.

Certain classes of E-semigroups have been studied long before the more general class, in particular, a regular semigroup that is also an E-semigroup is known as an orthodox semigroup.

Weipoltshammer proved that the notion of weak inverse (the existence of which is one way to define E-inversive semigroups) can also be used to define/characterize E-semigroups as follows: a semigroup S is an E-semigroup if and only if, for all a and b ∈ S, W(ab) = W(b)W(a), where W(a) ≝ {x ∈ S | xax = x} is the set of weak inverses of a.
Mahinthrathirat
Mahinthrathirat (Thai: มหินทราธิราช, pronounced [mā.hǐn.tʰa.rāː.tʰí.rât], Mahindrādhirāja; 1539–1569) was King of Ayutthaya from 1564 to 1568 and again in 1569. He ruled his first reign as a vassal of Toungoo Burma before restoring his father in 1568 as the sovereign king. He became king again in 1569 after his father's death during the Third Siege of Ayutthaya by Toungoo forces. Mahinthrathirat was the last monarch of the Suphannaphum Dynasty as the kingdom fell to the Burmese in 1569.: 41–42  Mahinthrathirat was known for his efforts to counter Burmese and Phitsanulok power by seeking alliance with Setthathirath of Lan Xang.

Setthathirath
Setthathirath (Lao: ເສດຖາທິຣາດ; also known as chaijasetdhadhiraja Lao: ໄຊເສດຖາ; Thai: ไชยเชษฐาธิราช; RTGS: Chaiyachetthathirat; Burmese: ဇယဇေဋ္ဌာဓိရာဇ်; Jayajyeṣṭhādhirāja; 24 January 1534 – 1571) is considered one of the great leaders in Lao history. Throughout the 1560s until his death, he successfully defended his kingdom of Lan Xang against military campaigns by Burmese conqueror Bayinnaung, who had already subdued Xieng Mai (Chiang Mai) in 1558 and Ayutthaya in 1564. Setthathirath was a prolific builder and erected many Buddhist monuments including Wat Xieng Thong in Luang Prabang, Haw Phra Kaew, Wat Ong Teu Mahawihan and the Pha That Luang in Vientiane.
Duncan Mackellar
Captain Duncan Mackellar (born c. 1789), was a sea captain who later became a colonial settler in New South Wales, Australia. After a notable maritime career, including a daring escape from French capture in 1812, he visited Sydney in 1822 and decided to settle there. By 1829, he and his nephew, Duncan Mackellar, Junior, acquired substantial land near Braidwood.

Mackellar developed a significant estate and was appointed a magistrate in 1833. Facing the end of convict transportation, he advocated for the importation of indentured labour. In 1836, he sold his land and returned to Scotland, where he published a guide on emigrating to Australia. Despite his brief stay, he is remembered as an early settler in the Braidwood district, commemorated by Mackellar Street and Duncan Street.

Duncan Mackellar, Junior
Lieutenant Duncan Mackellar or Duncan Mackellar, Junior (1795—1838) was an officer in the Royal Navy and, subsequently, a colonial settler, of New South Wales. With his uncle, Captain Duncan Mackellar, he is associated with the early days of colonial settlement of the district around what is now Braidwood.
Pointwise convergence
In mathematics, pointwise convergence is one of various senses in which a sequence of functions can converge to a particular function. It is weaker than uniform convergence, to which it is often compared.

Limit (mathematics)
In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) approaches as the argument (or index) approaches some value. Limits of functions are essential to calculus and mathematical analysis, and are used to define continuity, derivatives, and integrals.
The concept of a limit of a sequence is further generalized to the concept of a limit of a topological net, and is closely related to limit and direct limit in category theory.
The limit inferior and limit superior provide generalizations of the concept of a limit which are particularly relevant when the limit at a point may not exist.
Green River City Council
The Green River City Council is the governing body of the city of Green River, Wyoming. Currently, the council has six members, representing three wards within the city, two members to a ward.

The city council’s duties are primarily legislative. It also oversees financial decisions the city pursues. Council directs affairs of Green River by passing ordinances or adopting resolutions. An ordinance or resolution may be introduced by a council member at a meeting, but ideas for them also may originate from citizens or members of the City staff.

Green River, Wyoming
Green River is a city in and the county seat of Sweetwater County, Wyoming, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 11,825 at the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city in Wyoming.
Ciudad Universitaria station (Caracas)
Ciudad Universitaria is a Caracas Metro station on Line 3. It was opened on 18 December 1994 as part of the inaugural section of Line 3 from Plaza Venezuela to El Valle. The station is between Plaza Venezuela and Los Símbolos.

The station serves the University City of Caracas and surrounding neighborhood on the south side of the campus. It is often used to access sporting, educational, cultural and entertainment events that take place at the University City, and for visiting the Olympic Stadium, the Aula Magna or the University Stadium.

Plaza Venezuela station
Plaza Venezuela is a Caracas Metro station on Lines 1 and 3. The Line 1 station was opened on 27 March 1983 as part of the extension of the line from La Hoyada to Chacaíto. The station is between Colegio de Ingenieros and Sabana Grande.

The Line 3 station was opened on 18 December 1994 as the northern terminus of the inaugural section of the line, from Plaza Venezuela to El Valle. The adjacent station is Ciudad Universitaria.

The name of the station originates from nearby Plaza Venezuela.
Curl BC
Curl BC is the provincial sport governing body responsible for the development, promotion and organization of curling in British Columbia, Canada. Curl BC is also responsible for the championship system that declares provincial representation at Curling Canada events.

The organization has a membership of 25,000 curlers spread over 81 clubs, which are organized into 11 regions. Curl BC was formed in June 2004 from the  amalgamation of the Pacific Coast Curling Association, the British Columbia Interior Curling Association and the British Columbia Ladies’ Curling Association.

Curling clubs in the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality and Peace River Regional District are members of Curling Alberta, not Curl BC.

Curling Alberta
Curling Alberta is the regional governing body for the sport of curling in Alberta.  It was incorporated in 2018 as an amalgamate of the Alberta Curling Federation (ACF), the Northern Alberta Curling Association (NACA), the Southern Alberta Curling Association (SACA), and the Peace Curling Association (PCA). Curling clubs in the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality and Peace River Regional District of British Columbia are also members of Curling Alberta (and previously the PCA), as opposed to Curl BC.
Transcription preinitiation complex
The preinitiation complex (abbreviated PIC) is a complex of approximately 100 proteins that is necessary for the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and archaea.  The preinitiation complex positions RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and positions the DNA in the RNA polymerase II active site for transcription.

The minimal PIC includes RNA polymerase II and six general transcription factors: TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH. Additional regulatory complexes (such as the mediator coactivator and chromatin remodeling complexes) may also be components of the PIC.

Preinitiation complexes are also formed during RNA Polymerase I and RNA Polymerase III transcription.

Transcription factor II B
Transcription factor II B (TFIIB) is a general transcription factor that is involved in the formation of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) and aids in stimulating transcription initiation. TFIIB is localised to the nucleus and provides a platform for PIC formation by binding and stabilising the DNA-TBP (TATA-binding protein) complex and by recruiting RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors. It is encoded by the TFIIB gene, and is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and analogous to bacterial sigma factors.
Brindleyplace
Brindleyplace is a large mixed-use canalside development, in the Westside district of Birmingham, England. It was named after Brindley Place, the name of the street (in turn named after the 18th-century canal engineer James Brindley) around which it is built. It was developed by the Argent Group from 1993 onwards.

In addition to shops, bars and restaurants, Brindleyplace is home to the National Sea Life Centre, Royal Bank of Scotland, Orion Media, Ikon Gallery of art and the Crescent Theatre. The site covers 17 acres (69,000 m²) of mixed-use redevelopment - the UK's largest such project. The Birmingham Canal Navigations Main Line Canal separates Brindleyplace from the International Convention Centre, although there are linking bridges. The National Indoor Arena, Old Turn Junction and bars of Broad Street are nearby and it is easily accessible and within walking distance of the main bus, metro (tram) and rail routes.

Westside, Birmingham
The Westside is a district of the city centre of Birmingham, England, which includes many new and planned buildings such as The Cube, Library of Birmingham, Ikon Gallery, Trident House and Regal Tower.
Vallis Baade
Vallis Baade is a 203 km long sinuous valley on the Moon running south-southeast from the crater Baade and centered at 45°54′S 76°12′W﻿ / ﻿45.9°S 76.2°W﻿ / -45.9; -76.2 (south of the Montes Cordillera). It has the same namesake as the crater, the German astronomer Walter Baade.

This is one of several valleys that radiate away from the southeast edge of the Mare Orientale circular impact basin, the other two being Vallis Inghirami and Vallis Bouvard.

Vallis Bouvard
Vallis Bouvard is a 284-km-long valley on the Moon, centered at 38°18′S 83°06′W﻿ / ﻿38.3°S 83.1°W﻿ / -38.3; -83.1. It begins at the southern rim of the crater Shaler, and winds its way to the south-southeast towards Baade. This is one of several such valleys that radiate away from the southeast edge of the Mare Orientale circular impact basin, the other two being Vallis Inghirami and Vallis Baade. It was formed by a secondary crater chain. The valley was named after  Alexis Bouvard.
Lemyethna Township
Lemyethna or Laymyethna Township (Burmese: လေးမျက်နှာမြို့နယ်) is a township of Hinthada District in northern Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. The only town and principal town is Lemyethna.

The township borders Yegyi Township  and Kyonpyaw Township of Kyonpyaw District to the south, Gwa Township of Rakhine State to the west and Ingapu Township of Myanaung District to the north. To the east, it borders the rest of Hinthada District, bordering Hinthada Township. The township has one town with five wards and 43 village tracts grouping together 284 villages.

Hinthada Township
Hinthada Township (Burmese: ဟင်္သာတမြို့နယ်) is a township of Hinthada District in northern Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. The township has 3 towns, the principal town of Hinthada as well as the new towns of Duya and Talokhtaw recently elevated to town status. The towns have 31 total urban wards amongst them. Beyond those three communities, the township also contains 101 village tracts grouping together 797 villages.
Austin Wonaeamirri
Austin Wonaeamirri (born 2 October 1988) is a professional Australian rules football player of indigenous (Tiwi) origin.  He previously played for the Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Tiwi people
The Tiwi people (or Tunuvivi) are one of the many Aboriginal groups of Australia. Nearly 2,000 Tiwi people live on the Tiwi Islands. The landmass of the Tiwi Islands is made up mainly of Bathurst and Melville Islands, both located about 48 kilometres (30 miles) from Darwin. The Tiwi language is a language isolate, with no apparent link to the languages of Arnhem Land or of other Aboriginal Australians beyond recent linguistic interaction as a result of the federal government's Stolen Generations relocation policies. Tiwi society is based on matrilineal descent, and marriage plays a very important part in many aspects of their lives. Art and music form an intrinsic part of their societal and spiritual rituals as the Tiwi people tend to follow a certain form of indigenous Dreamtime belief system alongside Roman Catholicism.