hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Smart (architect)
David Smart (1824 – 13 October 1914) was a Scottish architect, prominent in the second half of the 19th century. His design genre varied between municipal buildings, schools and churches, but he worked almost exclusively in Perthshire.

1–3 South Street
1–3 South Street (also known as Brand's Building) is a building in Perth, Scotland. Designed by local architect David Smart and built by Perth builders Robert Brand and Sons, the building is Category B listed, dating to 1866. Standing on South Street, with its eastern facade facing Tay Street, the building was originally the home of the River Tay Purification Board. It was later occupied by the Procurator Fiscal and Perth and Kinross Constabulary, which later merged with Angus Constabulary and City of Dundee Police to become Tayside Police.

The building stands immediately to the east of Greyfriars Burial Ground.
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) maleate is the chemical compound with the structural formula (H3C(−CH2)3−CH(−CH2−CH3)−CH2−O−C(=O)−CH=)2, where the two carboxylate groups are mutually cis. It can be described as the double ester of maleic acid with the alcohol 2-ethylhexanol.  It is commonly called dioctyl maleate (DOM), reflecting the older usage of "octane" to refer to any 8-carbon alkane, straight-chained or branched.

The compound is manufactured by treating 2-ethylhexanol with maleic anhydride and an esterification catalyst. It is a key intermediate raw material in the production of dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS, docusate) salts, used medically as laxatives and stool softeners, and in many other applications as versatile surfactants.

Docusate
Docusate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS).

Salts of this anion, especially  docusate sodium, are widely used in medicine as an emollient laxative and as stool softeners, by mouth or rectally. Some studies state that docusate is not more effective than a placebo for improving constipation. Other docusate salts with medical use include those of calcium and potassium. Docusate salts are also used as food additives, emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents, among other uses.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2023, it was the 148th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions. In 2023, the combination with senna was the 242nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Marcallo con Casone
Marcallo con Casone (Milanese: Marcall cont el Cason [marˈkal kũt el kaˈzũː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Milan.

Marcallo con Casone borders the following municipalities: Ossona, Mesero, Santo Stefano Ticino, Bernate Ticino, Magenta, Boffalora sopra Ticino.

Mesero
Mesero (Italian: [ˈmeːzero]; Milanese: Mesar [ˈmeːzar]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Milan.

Mesero borders the following municipalities: Inveruno, Cuggiono, Ossona, Marcallo con Casone, Bernate Ticino.
Muonium
Muonium (/mjuː.ˈoʊ.ni.əm/, mew-OH-nee-əm) is an exotic atom made up of an antimuon and an electron, which was discovered in 1960 by Vernon W. Hughes and is given the chemical symbol Mu. During the muon's 2.2 µs lifetime, muonium can undergo chemical reactions.

Exotic atom
An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more subatomic particles have been replaced by other particles. For example, electrons may be replaced by other negatively charged particles such as muons (muonic atoms) or pions (pionic atoms). Because these substitute particles are usually unstable, exotic atoms typically have very short lifetimes and no exotic atom observed so far can persist under normal conditions.
Park City, Kentucky
Park City is a home rule-class city in Barren County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 614 at the 2020 census. It is the entrance to nearby Mammoth Cave National Park and to Diamond Caverns, a privately owned cave attraction. Exit 48 off I-65 is the only direct access exit to the Mammoth Cave National Park.

Park City is part of the Glasgow micropolitan area.

Glasgow micropolitan area, Kentucky
The Glasgow Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Kentucky, anchored by the city of Glasgow. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 48,070 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 51,810).
Cumbric
Cumbric is an extinct Celtic Brythonic language or dialect that was spoken during the Early Middle Ages in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North", in what is now Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands.  Place-name evidence suggests Cumbric may also have been spoken as far south as Pendle and the Yorkshire Dales. The prevailing view is that it became extinct in the 12th century, around the incorporation of the Kingdom of Strathclyde into the Kingdom of Scotland.

Linguists are undecided as to whether to classify Cumbric as a dialect of Old Welsh or as a separate language. Koch calls it a dialect but goes on to say that some of the place names in the Cumbric region "clearly reflect a developed medieval language, much like Welsh, Cornish or Breton".

Saint Mungo
Kentigern (Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys; Latin: Kentigernus), known as Mungo, was a missionary in the Brittonic Kingdom of Strathclyde in the late sixth century, and the founder and patron saint of the city of Glasgow.
Størmer's theorem
In number theory, Størmer's theorem, named after Carl Størmer, gives a finite bound on the number of consecutive pairs of smooth numbers that exist, for a given degree of smoothness, and provides a method for finding all such pairs using Pell equations. It follows from the Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem that there are only a finite number of pairs of this type, but Størmer gave a procedure for finding them all.

Syntonic comma
In music theory, the syntonic comma, also known as the chromatic diesis, the Didymean comma, the Ptolemaic comma, or the diatonic comma, is a small comma type interval between two musical notes, equal to the frequency ratio ⁠81/80⁠ (= 1.0125) (around 21.51 cents). Two notes that differ by this interval would sound different from each other even to untrained ears, but would be close enough that they would be more likely interpreted as out-of-tune versions of the same note than as different notes. The comma is also referred to as a Didymean comma because it is the amount by which Didymus corrected the Pythagorean major third (⁠81/64⁠, around 407.82 cents) to a justly intoned major third (⁠5/4⁠, around 386.31 cents).

The word "comma" came via Latin from Greek κόμμα, from earlier *κοπ-μα = "a thing cut off", or "a hair", as in "off by just a hair".
Pterostyrax
Pterostyrax, the epaulette tree, is a small genus of four species of deciduous large shrubs or small trees in the family Styracaceae, native to eastern Asia in China and Japan. They grow 4–12 m (13–39 ft) tall, with alternate, simple ovate leaves 6–17 cm (2–7 in) long and 4–10 cm (2–4 in) broad. The flowers are white, produced in dense panicles 8–25 cm (3–10 in) long. The fruit is an oblong dry drupe, with longitudinal ribs or narrow wings (the wings are absent in the related genus Styrax, whence the name Pterostyrax, "winged styrax").

Species

Pterostyrax burmanicus W.Wsm.

Pterostyrax corymbosus Siebold & Zucc. – Japan and China

Pterostyrax hispidus – Japan

Pterostyrax psilophyllus Diels ex Perkins – China

The species names are frequently given with feminine gender ("corymbosa", etc.); however, the genus is correctly of masculine gender.

Styracaceae
The Styracaceae are a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, containing 12 genera and about 160 species of trees and shrubs. The family occurs in warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

The family is characterised by spirally arranged simple leaves with no stipules; symmetrical white flowers with a corolla of two to five (sometimes seven) fused petals; and the fruit usually is a dry capsule, sometimes winged, less often a fleshy drupe, with one or two seeds.

Most are large shrubs to small trees 3–15 m tall, but Halesia monticola (H. carolina var. monticola) is larger, with trees 39 m tall known in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina.
Tarsus (skeleton)
In the human body, the tarsus (pl.: tarsi) is a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of the tibia and the fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus. It is made up of the midfoot (cuboid, medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform, and navicular) and hindfoot (talus and calcaneus).

The tarsus articulates with the bones of the metatarsus, which in turn articulate with the proximal phalanges of the toes. The joint between the tibia and fibula above and the tarsus below is referred to as the ankle joint proper.

In humans the largest bone in the tarsus is the calcaneus, which is the weight-bearing bone within the heel of the foot.

Foot
The foot (pl.: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is an organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws and/or nails.
Ruby Hunter
Ruby Charlotte Margaret Hunter (31 October 1955 – 17 February 2010), also known as Aunty Ruby, was an Aboriginal Australian singer, songwriter and guitarist, and the wife and musical partner of Archie Roach.

Stolen Generations
The Stolen Generations (also known as Stolen Children) were the children of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent who were removed from their families by the Australian federal and state government agencies and church missions, under acts of their respective parliaments. The removals of those referred to as "half-caste" children were conducted in the period between approximately 1905 and 1967, although in some places mixed-race children were still being taken into the 1970s.

Official government estimates are that in certain regions between one in ten and one in three Indigenous Australian children were forcibly taken from their families and communities between 1910 and 1970.

The Bringing Them Home Royal Commission report (1997) described the Australian policies of removing Aboriginal children as genocide.
Tawaramoto Station
Tawaramoto Station (田原本駅, Tawaramoto-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of  Tawaramoto, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company, Kintetsu Railway.

Tawaramoto, Nara
Tawaramoto (田原本町, Tawaramoto-chō) is a town located in Shiki District, Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 September 2024, the town had an estimated population of 31,470 in 13653 households, and a population density of 1500 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 21.09 km2 (8.14 sq mi).
Cherry Hill, Roanoke, Virginia
Cherry Hill is a Roanoke, Virginia neighborhood located in far western Roanoke.  It borders the neighborhoods of Ridgewood Park and Wilmont on the north, Greater Deyerle, Raleigh Court, Norwich and Hurt Park to the south and Shenandoah West on the east. The western border is shared with the city of Salem.  Today the neighborhood is bisected by Virginia State Route 117 (Peters Creek Road) and is bordered by the Norfolk Southern Railway right of way on the south.

Wilmont, Roanoke, Virginia
37°17′4″N 80°0′2″W﻿ / ﻿37.28444°N 80.00056°W﻿ / 37.28444; -80.00056

Wilmont is a Roanoke, Virginia neighborhood located in far western Roanoke. It borders the neighborhoods of South Washington Heights on the north, Cherry Hill on the south, Shenandoah West on the east and Ridgewood Park on the west.
Heat treating
Heat treating (or heat treatment) is a group of industrial, thermal and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical properties of a material. The most common application is metallurgical. Heat treatments are also used in the manufacture of many other materials, such as glass. Heat treatment involves the use of heating or chilling, normally to extreme temperatures, to achieve the desired result, such as the softening or hardening of a material. Heat treatment techniques include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening, tempering, carburizing, normalizing and quenching. Although the term heat treatment applies only to processes where the heating and cooling are done for the specific purpose of altering properties intentionally, heating and cooling often occur incidentally during other manufacturing processes, such as hot forming or welding.

Austenite
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron with an alloying element. In plain-carbon steel, austenite exists above the critical eutectoid temperature of 1000 K (727 °C); other alloys of steel have different eutectoid temperatures. The austenite allotrope is named after Sir William Chandler Roberts-Austen (1843–1902). It exists at room temperature in some stainless steels due to the presence of nickel stabilizing the austenite at lower temperatures.
Anglin Lake, Saskatchewan
Anglin Lake is an unincorporated community in the central region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The community is located on the eastern shore of Anglin Lake and is surrounded by Great Blue Heron Provincial Park.

Anglin Lake
Anglin Lake is a reservoir in the boreal forest ecozone in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is east of the Prince Albert National Park in the central part of the province in the District of Lakeland No. 521. Access to the lake is from Highway 953 and it is about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north of the city of Prince Albert. The only community on the lake is Anglin Lake.
McDonald's Deluxe line
The McDonald's Deluxe line was a series of sandwiches introduced in the early to mid 1990s and marketed by McDonald's with the intent of capturing the adult fast food consumer market, presented as a more sophisticated burger for adult tastes. The sandwiches sold poorly and the entire line was discontinued on August 18, 2000. The  Deluxe series was a marketing disaster and is now considered to be one of the most expensive flops in McDonald's history.

Arch Deluxe
The Arch Deluxe was a hamburger sold by the international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's in 1996 and marketed specifically to adults. Despite having the largest advertising and promotional budget in fast food history at the time, it was soon discontinued after failing to become popular. It is considered one of the most expensive product flops of all time.
Central Water and Power Research Station
The Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS) Pune is the major research organisation in the field of hydraulic and allied research as a subordinate office of the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India and deals with planning, organising and undertaking specific research and development studies related to optimising designs of river, coastal, water storage and conveyance hydraulic structures.

Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
The Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation was the apex body for formulation and administration of rules and regulations relating to the development and regulation of the water resources in India. The Ministry was formed in January 1985 following the bifurcation of the then Ministry of Irrigation and Power, when the Department of Irrigation was re-constituted as the Ministry of Water Resources. In July 2014, the Ministry was renamed to “Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation”, making it the National Ganga River Basin Authority for conservation, development, management, and abatement of pollution in the river Ganges and its tributaries. In May 2019, this ministry was merged with the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation to form the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall (Peoria, Illinois)
The Grand Army of the Republic Memorial Hall, also known as the Greenhut Memorial, was constructed as a memorial to American Civil War soldiers in Peoria, Illinois, United States in 1909. It was designed by Hewitt & Emerson. The Classical Revival hall was dedicated to Joseph B. Greenhut, Captain of Company K, 82nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1976, and was listed as an example of Beaux-Arts architecture. It is also listed as a City of Peoria Local Historic Landmark in March 1996.

Hewitt & Emerson
Hewitt & Emerson was an architectural firm based in Peoria, Illinois. It was founded in 1909 as the partnership of architects Herbert E. Hewitt and  Frank N. Emerson. After 1927 it was known successively as Hewitt, Emerson & Gregg; Emerson, Gregg & Briggs and Gregg & Briggs. It was active until at least the 1960s.
Dimethyldienolone
Dimethyldienolone (developmental code name RU-2788), or 7α,17α-dimethyldienolone, also known as δ9-7α,17α-dimethyl-19-nortestosterone or as 7α,17α-dimethylestr-4,9-dien-17β-ol-3-one, is a 17α-alkylated androgen/anabolic steroid of the 19-nortestosterone group which was never marketed. It is closely related to dimethyltrienolone, as well as to mibolerone and metribolone. Dimethyldienolone shows high affinity for the androgen and progesterone receptors.

Dimethyldienolone is made from almestrone.

Almestrone
Almestrone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name) (developmental code names Ba 38372, Ciba 38372), also known as 7α-methylestrone, is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen which was synthesized in 1967 but was never marketed. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of several highly active steroids.
Jason Charles Miller
Jason Charles Miller is an American musician, singer, and songwriter known for his solo career as well as being the lead vocalist and guitarist of the industrial rock band Godhead. He is a voice actor, appearing in various animation and video games. He is also part of the duo The Deadly Grind, and the duo RezoDrone; which has risen to fame for being featured in the acclaimed videogame Cyberpunk 2077. He has released solo albums in the country rock and southern rock genres.

Music of Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance
The music of Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), developed by PlatinumGames and published by Konami, was composed primarily by Jamie Christopherson. Composed over a period of six months starting in November 2011, Christopherson worked with several other artists such as Logan Mader to create 13 heavy metal tracks for the game, some of which were assigned to specific characters and are adaptive to the gameplay. The soundtrack received praise for its composition and usage in the game. The game itself experienced a resurgence in popularity in 2022, attributed to a spate of new viral memes based on its music.
105 mm calibre
105 mm (4.1 in) is a common NATO-standard artillery and tank gun calibre. The rifled tank round is defined by STANAG 4458. The artillery round is defined by AOP-29 part 3 with reference to STANAG 4425.

Royal Ordnance L7
The Royal Ordnance L7, officially designated Gun, 105 mm, Tank, L7, is the basic model of the United Kingdom's most successful tank gun. It is a 105 mm L/52 rifled design by the Royal Ordnance Factories, intended for use in armoured fighting vehicles, replacing the older QF 20-pounder (84 mm) gun mounted on the British Centurion tank. The successful L7 gun has been fitted on many armoured vehicles, including the Centurion (starting from the Mk. 5/2 variant), the German Leopard 1 and, in an altered design, as the M68 gun in several variants of the US M48 Patton and M60.

The L7 is a popular weapon and continued in use even after it was superseded by the L11 series 120 mm rifled tank gun, for some Centurion tanks operating as Artillery Forward Observation and Armoured Vehicle, Royal Engineers (AVRE) vehicles. The L7, and adaptations of it, can be found as standard or retrofitted equipment on a wide variety of tanks developed during the Cold War.
Bonfim, Roraima
Bonfim (Portuguese pronunciation: [bõˈfĩ]) is a municipality located in the mideast of the state of Roraima in Brazil. Its population is 12,557 and its area is 8,095 km2. The city lies opposite the Takutu River from Lethem, Guyana. The Takutu River Bridge links Bonfim and Roraima with the town of Lethem and the Atlantic port of Georgetown, Guyana.

Takutu River Bridge
The Takutu River Bridge (Portuguese: Ponte do Rio Tacutu) is a bridge across the Takutu River, linking Lethem in Guyana to Bonfim in Brazil.  It was completed in 2009 and opened on 31 July 2009. Its official opening was on 14 September 2009, in the presence of leaders of both countries. It cost US$5 million and was paid for by Brazil. The bridge was a project within the Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America.

The bridge is the only instance in the Americas of a land border where drivers must change from driving on the left (in Guyana) to driving on the right (in Brazil), or vice versa. The changeover is achieved by means of a crossover bridge on the Guyanese side.
Michael Monroe
Matti Antero Kristian Fagerholm (born 17 June 1962), known professionally as Michael Monroe, is a Finnish rock musician who rose to fame as the vocalist and saxophonist for the glam punk band Hanoi Rocks and has served as the frontman for all-star side projects, such as Demolition 23 and Jerusalem Slim (with Steve Stevens).

Demolition 23 (album)
Demolition 23 is the self-titled debut album from the American/Finnish rock band Demolition 23. The album was released in 1994 in Europe on the Music for Nations label, and in Japan on the Renegade Nation Label. Re-released in 2022 on Van Zant's Wicked Cool Records  Music videos were made for the songs "Nothin's Alright" and "Hammersmith Palais".
Culiacancito
Culiacancito is a small town located nearby, just northwest of the larger city of Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Footballer Jared Borgetti was born in Culiacancito.

24°49′N 107°32′W﻿ / ﻿24.817°N 107.533°W﻿ / 24.817; -107.533

Culiacán
Culiacán, officially Culiacán Rosales, is the capital and largest city of Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico.  It is located within the Culiacán Municipality. The city was founded on 29 September 1531 by the Spanish conquistadors Lázaro de Cebreros and Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán originally under the name "Villa de San Miguel", in honor of its patron saint Michael the Archangel.

According to the 2020 INEGI census, Culiacán had an estimated population of 808,416, making it the 21st most populous city in Mexico. Its metropolitan area, with a population of 1,003,530, was the 17th most populous metropolitan area in Mexico.

The city sits in a valley on the slopes of the Sierra Madre Occidental, at the confluence of the Tamazula and Humaya Rivers, where both join to form the Culiacán River 55 meters above sea level.