hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LNER Class A4
The LNER Class A4 is a class of streamlined 4-6-2 steam locomotives designed by Nigel Gresley for the London and North Eastern Railway in 1935. Their streamlined design gave them high-speed capability as well as making them instantly recognisable, and one of the class, 4468 Mallard, holds the record as the world's fastest steam locomotive. Thirty-five of the class were built to haul express passenger trains on the East Coast Main Line route from London King's Cross via York to Newcastle, and later via Newcastle to Edinburgh. They remained in service on the East Coast Main Line until the early 1960s when they were replaced by Deltic diesel locomotives; they themselves proving to be worthy successors to the A4s. Several A4s saw out their remaining days until 1966 in Scotland, particularly on the Aberdeen – Glasgow express trains, for which they were used to improve the timing from 3.5 to 3 hours.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Alte Oper
Alte Oper (Old Opera) is a concert hall in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany. It is located in the inner city, Innenstadt, within the banking district Bankenviertel. Today's Alte Oper was built in 1880 as the city's opera house, which was destroyed by bombs in 1944. It was rebuilt in the 1970s as a concert hall with a large hall and smaller venues, opened in 1981. The square in front of the building is still known as Opernplatz (Opera Square).

Many important works were performed for the first time when it was Frankfurt's opera house, including Schreker's Der ferne Klang and Carl Orff's Carmina Burana in 1937. The Oper Frankfurt now plays in the Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt, completed in 1951.

Bankenviertel
Bankenviertel (German pronunciation: [ˈbaŋkŋ̍ˌfɪʁtl̩]; banking quarter) is the name of the central business district in Frankfurt, Germany where many banks, insurance companies, law firms, and other financial institutions are located. It is the most important German financial hub, if not one of the largest in Europe along with La Défense in the Paris aire urbaine and London's City and Canary Wharf.

Having no official or strict borders, it is commonly defined as the western part of the Innenstadt, the southern part of the Westend and the eastern part of the Bahnhofsviertel. Its most central square is the Opernplatz.
Sheringham F.C.
Sheringham Football Club is a football club based in Sheringham, England and was established in 1897. They are currently members of the Anglian Combination Premier Division and play at Weybourne Road. Nicknamed "The Shannocks", the club are affiliated to the Norfolk County FA.

Sheringham
Sheringham (/ˈʃɛrɪŋəm/; population 7,367) is a seaside town and civil parish in the county of Norfolk, England. The motto of the town, granted in 1953 to the Sheringham Urban District Council, is Mare Ditat Pinusque Decorat, Latin for "The sea enriches and the pine adorns".
51st Air Defence Division
The 51st Air Defense Division, abbreviated 51 dpvo, (Military Unit Number 42352) is an air defense formation of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which in turn is operationally subordinate to the Southern Military District. The headquarters is located in Novocherkassk.

Soviet Air Defence Forces
The Soviet Air Defence Forces (Russian: войска ПВО, romanized: voyska protivovozdushnoy oborony, voyska PVO, V-PVO, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence Troops'; formerly: противовоздушная оборона страны, ПВО страны, romanized: protivovozdushnaya oborona strany, PVO strany, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence of the Country') was the air defence branch of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Formed in 1941, it continued being a service branch of the Russian Armed Forces after 1991 until it was merged into the Air Force in 1998. Unlike Western air defence forces, V-PVO was a branch of the military unto itself, separate from the Soviet Air Force (VVS) and Air Defence Troops of Ground Forces. During the Soviet period it was generally ranked third in importance of the Soviet services, behind the Strategic Rocket Forces and the Ground Forces.
Northwest Conference
The Northwest Conference (NWC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference which competes in the NCAA's Division III.  Member teams are located in the states of Oregon and Washington. It was known as the Pacific Northwest Conference from 1925 to 1984.

Linfield University
Linfield University is a private liberal arts college with campuses in McMinnville, and Portland, Oregon. Linfield Wildcats athletics participate in the NCAA Division III Northwest Conference. Linfield reported a total of 1,755 students after the fall 2022 census date. The institution officially changed its name from Linfield College to Linfield University in 2020.
Rugged Point Marine Provincial Park
Rugged Point Marine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located at the southeast entrance to Kyuquot Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island. It is remote and largely visited by kayakers.

Kyuquot Sound
Kyuquot Sound is a complex of coastal inlets, bays and islands on northwestern Vancouver Island in the Canadian province of British Columbia.

The sound is named after the Kyuquot people, who are of the Nuu-chah-nulth peoples by culture and language (incorrectly known as "Nootka").  Their local government, based at Kyuquot, is the Kyuquot/Cheklesahht First Nation which is a member of the Nuu-chah-nulth Tribal Council.
Gardner Township, Sangamon County, Illinois
Gardner Township is located in Sangamon County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 4,245 and it contained 1,732 housing units.  The township contains the unincorporated communities of Bradfordton and Salisbury.

The township annexed the western half of Salisbury Township in 1989, thereby taking in the unincorporated village of Salisbury and increasing in size.

Bradfordton, Illinois
Bradfordton is a rural unincorporated community located in Gardner Township, Sangamon County, Illinois. It is located on Illinois Route 97, 4.5 miles (7 km) northwest of Springfield.

The rural hamlet is the site of the Bradfordton Co-Op, a grain elevator. It was once the site of a whistle stop on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line from Springfield to Beardstown.
Tiger muskellunge
The tiger muskellunge (Esox masquinongy × lucius or Esox lucius × masquinongy), commonly called tiger muskie, is a carnivorous fish, and is the usually sterile, hybrid offspring of the true muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) and the northern pike (Esox lucius). It lives in fresh water and its range extends to Canada, the Northeast, and parts of the Midwest and Southern United States. It grows quickly; in one study, tiger muskie grew 1.5 times as fast as muskellunge. Like other hybrid species, tiger muskie are said to have "hybrid vigor", meaning they grow faster and stronger than the parent fish, and are also less susceptible to disease. Trophy specimens weigh about 14 kg (30 lb). Its main diet is fish and small birds. The tiger muskie and the muskie are called the fish of 10,000 casts due to the challenge involved in catching them.

Muskellunge
The muskellunge (Esox masquinongy), often shortened to muskie, musky, ski, or lunge, is a species of large freshwater predatory fish native to North America. It is the largest member of the pike family, Esocidae.
2,3-sigmatropic rearrangement
2,3-Sigmatropic rearrangements are a type of sigmatropic rearrangements and can be classified into two types. Rearrangements of allylic sulfoxides, amine oxides, selenoxides are neutral. Rearrangements of carbanions of allyl ethers are anionic. The general scheme for this kind of rearrangement is:

Atom Y may be sulfur, selenium, or nitrogen. If Y is nitrogen, the reaction is referred to as the Sommelet–Hauser rearrangement if a quaternary ammonium salt is involved or the aza-Wittig reaction if an alpha-metalated tertiary amine is involved; if Y is oxygen, then it is called a 2,3-Wittig rearrangement (not to be confused with the well-known Wittig reaction, which involves a phosphonium ylide). If Y is sulfur, the product can be treated with a thiophil to generate an allylic alcohol in what is known as the Mislow–Evans rearrangement.

A [2,3]-rearrangement may result in carbon-carbon bond formation. It can also be used as a ring-expansion reaction.

Mislow–Evans rearrangement
The Mislow–Evans rearrangement is a name reaction in organic chemistry. It is named after Kurt Mislow who reported the prototypical reaction in 1966, and David A. Evans who published further developments.
Závada (Opava District)
Závada (German: Zawada bei Beneschau, Polish: Zawada) is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. It is part of the historic Hlučín Region.

Hlučín Region
Hlučín Region (Czech: Hlučínsko, German: Hultschiner Ländchen, Polish: Ziemia hulczyńska) is a historically significant part of Czech Silesia, now part of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic. It is named after its largest town, Hlučín. Its area is 316.9 km2 (122.4 sq mi), and in 2021, it had 66,750 inhabitants.
Castelguglielmo
Castelguglielmo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Venice and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Rovigo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,730 and an area of 22.1 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi).

The municipality of Castelguglielmo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bressane, Canda, Franceschetta, Le Basse, Precona, and Presciane.

Castelguglielmo borders the following municipalities: Bagnolo di Po, Canda, Fiesso Umbertiano, Lendinara, Pincara, San Bellino, Stienta.

Pincara
Pincara is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Venice and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Rovigo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,298 and an area of 17.8 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi).

The municipality of Pincara contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Bernarda, Gambaro, Paolino, Romanato, and Roncala.

Pincara borders the following municipalities: Castelguglielmo, Fiesso Umbertiano, Frassinelle Polesine, Fratta Polesine, San Bellino, Villamarzana.
Forgotten Realms: Demon Stone
Forgotten Realms: Demon Stone is an action role-playing video game released in 2004 for PlayStation 2, Xbox and Microsoft Windows. It is set in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for Dungeons & Dragons (D&D). The story was written by R.A. Salvatore and features the voices of Patrick Stewart as Khelben "Blackstaff" Arunsun and Michael Clarke Duncan as Ygorl.

Updated versions of Demon Stone and Dragonshard were released for the PC in August 2025.

Slaad
The slaad (pluralized as slaadi, or as slaads in the 4th edition) is a fictional monster in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. They are extraplanar creatures (outsiders) that resemble giant humanoid toads of various colors (red, blue, grey, white, black), and other types, such as mud, and death slaadi.
Kami, Hyōgo (Taka)
Kami (加美町, Kami-chō) was a town located in Taka District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,296 and a density of 86.80 persons per km2. The total area was 84.06 km2.

On November 1, 2005, Kami, along with the towns of Naka and Yachiyo (all from Taka District), was merged to create the town of Taka.

Taka, Hyōgo
Taka (多可町, Taka-chō) is a town in Taka District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 May 2022, the town had an estimated population of 19,589 in 7661 households and a population density of 110 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 185.19 square kilometres (71.50 sq mi).
Austrian Mint
The Austrian Mint (German: Münze Österreich) is located in Vienna and is responsible for minting Austrian coins. Since 1989 it has been a public limited company (Aktiengesellschaft) and a subsidiary of Austria's central bank Oesterreichische Nationalbank, which also has its headquarters in Vienna.

The Austrian Mint carries out both the design and stamping of the coins it produces. Until 2002 it was only responsible for minting the coins of the Austrian schilling; since then it has been responsible for producing the Austrian euro coins. The mint also produces other coins, such as gold bullion coins, as well as commemorative issues: the Vienna Philharmonic coins and the Maria Theresa thaler are produced by the Austrian mint, for example. The mint also supplies circulation coins and blanks to many other countries across the world. In addition to gold coins, the Austrian mint also produces silver coins, platinum coins, as well as bullions in various sizes.

Maria Theresa thaler
The Maria Theresa thaler (MTT) is a silver bullion coin and a type of Conventionsthaler that has been used in world trade continuously since it was first minted in 1741. It is named after Maria Theresa, who ruled Austria, Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia from 1740 to 1780 and is depicted on the coin.
Ljusnan
Ljusnan (from Old Norse: Lusn — light) is a river in Sweden, which is 440 kilometers long. The river starts in northwestern Härjedalen and then continues throughout the province into Hälsingland all the way to the Bothnian Sea. The biggest tributary is Voxnan. The river is heavily used for hydropower with 18 hydro powerplants. During 2001 Ljusnan produced 4,5 TWh.

Hälsingland
Hälsingland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhɛ̌lːsɪŋland] ⓘ), sometimes referred to by the Latin name Helsingia, is a historical province or landskap in central Sweden. It borders Gästrikland, Dalarna, Härjedalen, Medelpad and the Gulf of Bothnia. It is part of the land of Norrland.

Princess Madeleine is currently the duchess of Hälsingland, along with Gästrikland.
History of research on Caenorhabditis elegans
The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans was first studied in the laboratory by Victor Nigon and Ellsworth Dougherty in the 1940s, but came to prominence after being adopted by Sydney Brenner in 1963 as a model organism for the study of developmental biology using genetics. In 1974, Brenner published the results of his first genetic screen, which isolated hundreds of mutants with morphological and functional phenotypes, such as being uncoordinated. In the 1980s, John Sulston and co-workers identified the lineage of all 959 cells in the adult hermaphrodite, the first genes were cloned, and the physical map began to be constructed. In 1998, the worm became the first multi-cellular organism to have its genome sequenced.
Notable research using C. elegans includes the discoveries of caspases, RNA interference, and microRNAs. Eight scientists have won the Nobel Prize for their work on C. elegans.

Ellsworth Dougherty
Ellsworth C. Dougherty (July 21, 1921 – 1965) was a biologist who was first to study the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans in the laboratory, with Victor Nigon, in the 1940s. He did most of his studies and medical work in California.
Star of the East (song)
"Star of the East", originally named "Stern über Bethlehem" is a popular Christmas carol written in the 1800s.

The words were written by New York lyricist George Cooper in 1890. The music was arranged by composer Amanda Kennedy in 1883, for a song called "Star of the Sea". It is not to be confused with several similarly named carols, including an American folk carol named "Star in the East" and an English carol titled "Star of the East" or "Brightest and Best".

Judy Garland recorded the song in 1941.

Christmas carol
A Christmas carol is a carol (a song or hymn) on the theme of Christmas, traditionally sung at Christmas itself or during the surrounding Christmas and holiday season. The term noel has sometimes been used, especially for carols of French origin. Christmas carols may be regarded as a subset of the broader category of Christmas music.
1973 Intercontinental Cup
The 1973 Intercontinental Cup was an association football match played on 28 November 1973, between Juventus, runners-up of the 1972–73 European Cup, and Independiente, winners of the 1973 Copa Libertadores. The match was played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome. It was Juventus' first appearance in the competition and Independiente's fourth appearance after the defeats against Internazionale in 1964 and 1965 and against Ajax in 1972. Despite initially refusing to participate in the competition, Juventus replaced Ajax as the representative UEFA team in the competition after Ajax, as the European champions declined to contest a possible meeting in South America officially for financial reasons. The Cup was played in a single match instead of a two-legged final, as happened in the previous and following years until 1979.

Daniel Bertoni
Ricardo Daniel Bertoni (born 14 March 1955) is an Argentine former footballer who played as a right or left winger. In Argentina, he had a successful career at Club Atlético Independiente, where he won three Copa Libertadores, one Intercontinental Cup and three Copa Interamericana trophies.

Bertoni was also capped for the Argentina national team, where he scored the 3rd goal for the team in the 1978 FIFA World Cup final. After his retirement, he worked as a manager and sports commentator.
Byron Center, Michigan
Byron Center is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kent County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 7,431 at the 2020 census, which is a significant increase from a population of 5,822 at the 2010 census.  Byron Center is located within Byron Township.

Byron Center is home of the Byron Center Bulldogs, and the Byron Center Public Schools district. There are 4 elementary schools in Byron Center. Marshall elementary, Countryside elementary, Brown elementary, and Heritage Elementary. The 5/6 building is named the Nickels Intermediate school. The 7/8 building is West Middle School and the high school (9-12) is Byron Center High School.

As an unincorporated community, Byron Center has no legal autonomy of its own but has its own post office with the 49315 ZIP Code, which serves a much larger area within several surrounding townships.

Kent County, Michigan
Kent County is located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 657,974, making it the fourth most populous county in Michigan, and the largest outside of the Detroit area. Its county seat is Grand Rapids. The county was set off in 1831, and organized in 1836. It is named for New York jurist and legal scholar James Kent, who represented the Michigan Territory in its dispute with Ohio over the Toledo Strip.

Kent County is part of the Grand Rapids metropolitan area and is West Michigan's economic and manufacturing center. It is home of the Frederik Meijer Gardens, a significant cultural landmark of the Midwest. The Gerald R. Ford International Airport is the county's primary location for regional and international airline traffic.
Elixir
An  elixir is a sweet liquid used for medical purposes, to be taken orally and intended to cure one's illness. When used as a pharmaceutical preparation, an elixir contains at least one active ingredient designed to be taken orally.

Elixir of life
The elixir of life (Medieval Latin: elixir vitae), also known as  elixir of immortality, is a potion that supposedly grants the drinker eternal life and/or eternal youth. This elixir was also said to cure all diseases. Alchemists in various ages and cultures sought the means of formulating the elixir.
Edmond Louis Budry
Edmond Louis Budry (August 30, 1854 – November 12, 1932) was a Swiss hymn writer famous for writing the lyrics to the hymn "Thine Be the Glory" ("À toi la gloire") to music from Judas Maccabaeus by George Frideric Handel.

Born in Vevey, he studied theology in Lausanne and was a pastor at Cully and Sainte-Croix between 1881 and 1889. He then became pastor of the Free Church in Vevey for a further 35 years, retiring in 1923. Besides writing original hymns, he translated German, English, and Latin lyrics into French. Some of his work appeared in Chants Evangéliques (Lausanne, Switzerland: 1885). Some of his work was translated into German by Johanna Meyer (1851–1921). He died in Vevey and is buried in Cully.

Vevey
Vevey (/vəˈveɪ/; French pronunciation: [vəvɛ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Vevê; former German: Vivis) is a town in Switzerland in the canton of Vaud, on the north shore of Lake Geneva, near Lausanne.  The German name Vivis is no longer commonly used.

It was the seat of the district of the same name until 2006, and is now part of the Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut District. It is part of the French-speaking area of Switzerland.

Vevey is home to the world headquarters of the international food and beverage company Nestlé, founded here in 1867. Milk chocolate was invented in Vevey by Daniel Peter in 1875, with the aid of Henri Nestlé. The English actor and comedian Charlie Chaplin resided in Vevey from 1952 until his death in 1977.
St. Augusta, Minnesota
Saint Augusta or St. Augusta, formerly named Ventura, is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States, directly south of the city of St. Cloud. The population was 3,497 at the 2020 census.

St. Augusta is part of the Saint Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Stearns County, Minnesota
Stearns County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,292. Its county seat and largest city is St. Cloud.

Included within the Minnesota Territory since 1849, the county was founded by European Americans in 1855. It was originally named for Isaac Ingalls Stevens, then renamed for Charles Thomas Stearns. Stearns County is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Combined Statistical Area.
2022 VFL season
The 2022 VFL season was the 140th season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), a second-tier Australian rules football competition played in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland. The season commenced on 25 March and concluded with the Grand Final on 18 September.

The premiership was won by Casey, after it defeated Southport in the Grand Final on 18 September 2022 by 32 points. It was Casey's sixth Division 1 premiership.

Southport Australian Football Club
The Southport Australian Football Club, nicknamed the Sharks, is an Australian rules football club based on the Gold Coast, Queensland, that competes in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Southport is one of the most successful football clubs in Queensland, having claimed 22 senior-grade premierships across multiple competitions since it was established in 1961. It competed in the Gold Coast Australian Football League between 1961 and 1982, and then moved to the Queensland Australian Football League. In 2011 the club was elevated to the North East Australian Football League (NEAFL), before moving to the VFL after the NEAFL dissolved in 2020. Since 2020 Southport has fielded a senior women's team in Division 1 of the QAFLW competition; the club won its inaugural women's premiership in 2020.