hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ubykh language
Ubykh is an extinct Northwest Caucasian language once spoken by the Ubykh people, an ethnic group of Circassian nation who originally inhabited the eastern coast of the Black Sea before being deported en masse to the Ottoman Empire during the Circassian genocide.

Ubykh is ergative and polysynthetic, with a high degree of agglutination, with polypersonal verbal agreement and a very large number of distinct consonants but only two phonemically distinct vowels. With around eighty consonants, it has one of the largest inventories of consonants in the world, and the largest number for any language without clicks.

The name Ubykh is derived from Убых (/wɨbɨx/), from Убыхыбзэ, its name in the Adyghe language. It is known in linguistic literature by many names: variants of Ubykh, such as Ubikh, Oubykh (French); and its Germanised variant Päkhy (from Ubykh /tʷɜχɨ/).

Preverb
Although not used in general linguistic theory, the term preverb is used in Caucasian (including all three families: Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Kartvelian), Caddoan, Athabaskan, and Algonquian linguistics to describe certain elements prefixed to verbs. In the context of Indo-European languages, the term is usually used for separable verb prefixes.

Theoretically, any prefix could be called a preverbal element. However, in practice, the term preverb applies more narrowly in those families and refers to a prefixed element that is normally outside the premise of verbal morphology like locations of noun elements or, less often, noun elements themselves.
Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.

Grater
A grater, also referred to as a shredder, is a kitchen utensil used to grate or shred foods into fine pieces. They come in several shapes and sizes, with box graters being the most common. Other styles include paddles, microplane/rasp graters, and rotary drum graters.
Piode
Piode (Piedmontese: Piòvi) is a comune (municipality) and village of Valsesia in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Vercelli.

The name "Piode" refers to the many local quarries for the extraction of the stone slabs known as piodi, which are traditionally used to clad the roofs of Alpine houses and baite.

Piode borders the following municipalities: Campertogno, Pettinengo, Pila, Rassa, and Scopello.

Scopello
Scopello is a comune (municipality) located in the Valsesia region of the Italian Pennine Alps, administratively in the Province of Vercelli, Piedmont. The municipality covers an area of 18.62 square kilometres (7.19 sq mi) and ranges in elevation from 640 to 1,930 metres (2,100 to 6,330 ft) above sea level. It takes its name from its main centre, the small town of Scopello, which stands on the river Sesia at an elevation of 659 metres (2,162 ft).

Other centres include Casa Pareti, Chioso, Frasso, Villabella, and Alpe di Mera. The latter, as the name Alpe suggests, once provided summer pasture for livestock, and today is a winter ski resort.

The river Sesia in Scopello

The parish church of the Beata Vergine Maria Assunta

Alpe di Mera, in winter a ski resort

Scopello in winter 2024

Scopello borders Boccioleto, Campertogno, Caprile, Crevacuore, Guardabosone, Pettinengo, Pila, Piode, Scopa, Trivero, and Valle San Nicolao.
History of the Jews in Wieluń
Wieluń, Poland is a small town (population in 2006: about 24,400 inhabitants) situated in the south of central Poland, between the large cities of Łódź and Kraków. A Jewish presence in Wieluń was recorded from the early part of the 16th century (1537). Before World War II (1939–1945), Wielun had a large Jewish community (almost half of the local population), which was completely destroyed by the Nazis between 1940 and 1944.

The main source regarding the history of Wieluń's Jewish community is the memorial book of Wielun.

Wieluń
Wieluń [ˈvjɛluɲ] (Latin: Velun) is a town in south-central Poland with 21,624 inhabitants (2021). The town is the seat of the Gmina Wieluń and Wieluń County, and is located within the Łódź Voivodeship. Wieluń is a capital of the historical Wieluń Land.

Wieluń has a long and rich history. In the past, it used to be an important urban trade centre of the Kingdom of Poland. Several Polish kings and notables visited the town, but following the catastrophic Swedish Deluge (1655–1660), Wieluń declined and never regained its status. In September 1939, during the invasion of Poland, it was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe. The Bombing of Wieluń is considered to be the first World War II bombing in Europe. It killed at least 127 civilians, injured hundreds more and destroyed the majority of the town.
CHK (TV channel)
CHK HD (stylized as cHK HD) is a Southeast Asian pay television channel owned by Celestial Tiger Entertainment and billed as a Hong Kong general entertainment hub featuring movies, lifestyle programs and dramas for all Singtel TV customers in Singapore. The high-definition channel was launched on 18 October 2013 with Hong Kong celebrities Bernice Liu, Him Law and Liu Kai Chi.

The channel was continued to be operated as Video on Demand channel, awhile CHK live channel has been replaced by its sister channel Celestial Movies as CM+, which served as alternative to Star Chinese Movies.

Celestial Movies
Celestial Movies (天映频道) is an Asian 24-hour Chinese movie channel, which screens films from and shows interviews with movie stars and directors, entertainment news and film award ceremonies. The channel is available in 11 territories across Asia Pacific, including Mainland China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam and other countries in Asia.

Due to an agreement between Celestial Tiger Entertainment and Astro Holding Sdn Bhd, the channel didn't appear on other TV providers in Malaysia until 1 October 2021, when the channel launched in Unifi TV on channel 288 as a replacement for Star Chinese Movies due to Disney's pay TV closure.
Corinne Ching
Corinne Ching is a former American politician from the Hawaii Republican Party. She represented the 27th District in the Hawaii House of Representatives from 2002 to 2012.

In 2008, Ching was fined for a speeding offence. In the 2012 Hawaii House of Representatives election, she was unseated by Democrat Takashi Ohno.

Takashi Ohno
Takashi Ohno (born on Kodiak Island, Alaska) is an American politician who was a Democratic member of the Hawaii House of Representatives for District 27 from 2012 to 2022.

Ohno announced in March 2022 that he would not be running for re-election in the 2022 Hawaii House of Representatives election, and planned to leave the Legislature to work in the private sector when his term ended.
Whanganui National Park
The Whanganui National Park is a national park located in the North Island of New Zealand. Established in 1986, it covers an area of 742 km2 bordering the Whanganui River. It incorporates areas of Crown land, former state forest and a number of former reserves. The river itself is not part of the park, but is a popular paddling route titled the Whanganui Journey, one of New Zealand's "Great Walks". The New Zealand Department of Conservation highlights Whanganui National Park as being the National Park most closely tied to human settlement.

Whanganui Journey
The Whanganui Journey is a river journey along the Whanganui River in the North Island of New Zealand, travelling by canoe or kayak. The route runs from Taumarunui to Pipiriki, is 145 km long and usually takes 5 days to complete. It is managed by New Zealand's Department of Conservation under its Great Walks programme, and much of the route travels through land that is part of the Whanganui National Park.
Listed buildings in Melmerby in Coverdale
Melmerby in Coverdale is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It contains five listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish contains the village of Melmerby and the surrounding area. All the listed buildings are in the village, and consist of farmhouses and farm buildings.

Melmerby in Coverdale
Melmerby is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It lies in Coverdale in the Yorkshire Dales about 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Leyburn. Its neighbours are the villages of Carlton and Agglethorpe. The population of the civil parish was estimated at 40 in 2015.

Melmerby was mentioned in the Domesday Book.  The name is Old Norse, meaning "Melmor's farmstead":  the personal name Melmor is a Scandinavian borrowing from the Old Irish personal name Máel Muire.  Melmerby was historically a township in the large ancient parish of Coverham in the North Riding of Yorkshire, and became a separate civil parish in 1866.  From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
Park Quay
The disused Park Quay or Fulton's Quay (NS 47436 70692) is located on the old Lands of Park, situated on the south bank of the River Clyde in the Parish of Inchinnan, close to Newshot Island and the old Rashielee Quay. A slipway is also part of the infrastructure, giving access to the dock at low tide, both once served by roads running through the Park Estate from the south. It was recorded as Fulton's Quay in 1830, the name of a previous owner of the Park Estate who may have built it prior to 1801. A fixed light was installed at Park Quay in 1869.

Inchinnan
Inchinnan (/ɪntʃˈɪnən/; Scottish Gaelic: Innis Fhionghain) is a small village in Renfrewshire, Scotland.  The village is located on the main A8 road between Renfrew and Greenock, just south east of the town of Erskine.
2009–10 Port Vila Premier League
The 2009–10 TVL Premier League or 2009–10 Port Vila Premier League is the 16th season of the Port Vila Premier League top division.

The top five of the league qualify for the 2010 VFF National Super League.

Amicale FC were champions and Seveners United and Westtan Broncos FC relegated to the 2010–11 TVL First Division.

2010 VFF National Super League
The 2010 VFF National Super League was the qualifying competition for the 2010–11 OFC Champions League.

The club who advanced to this tournament was Amicale FC, Vanuatu's sole representative at the competition.
The Legend of Frosty the Snowman
The Legend of Frosty the Snowman is a 2005 Christmas animated television special produced by Classic Media (now DreamWorks Classics), Studio B Productions and Top Draw Animation. Based on Steve Nelson and Jack Rollins's 1950 Christmas song "Frosty the Snowman", the film is narrated by Burt Reynolds and features Bill Fagerbakke as the voice of Frosty the Snowman. It is the fifth (and last-to-date) television special to feature the Frosty the Snowman character.

Frosty the Snowman
"Frosty the Snowman" is a song written by Walter "Jack" Rollins and Steve Nelson, and first recorded by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in 1950 and later recorded by Jimmy Durante in that year. It was written after the success of Autry's recording of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" the previous year. Rollins and Nelson shopped the new song to Autry, who recorded "Frosty" in search of another seasonal hit. Like "Rudolph", "Frosty" was subsequently adapted to other media including a 1969 television special.
Richard Rose Morton Academy
Richard Rose Morton Academy (also known as Morton Academy, formerly Morton School) is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, located in the Morton area of Carlisle, Cumbria, England.

The school converted to academy status on 1 September 2009, and is in a federation with Richard Rose Central Academy, part of United Learning.

As Morton School, it was a secondary modern, which became comprehensive in the late 1960s.

United Learning
United Learning is a group of state-funded schools and fee-paying private schools operating in England. United Learning is the trading name for United Church Schools Trust (UCST) and United Learning Trust (ULT). It is one of the largest 10 charities with the most employees in the UK, with central offices in Peterborough, London and Salford. It is governed by a board of trustees and run by an executive team. In 2012, ULT and UCST rebranded to operate under one name, United Learning. They legally remain as two separate charities.
Sun Valley, Nevada
Sun Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The population was 21,178 at the 2020 census. It is north of Reno and is part of the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area.

Reno metropolitan area
The Reno–Sparks Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Western Nevada, anchored by the cities of Reno and Sparks. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 490,596.
Asia Society Hong Kong Centre
The Asia Society Hong Kong Centre is one of the global centers of the New York City–based Asia Society. Asia Society started its journey in Hong Kong in 1990, with the mission to navigate shared futures for Asia and the world in the fields of arts and culture, business and policy. They moved to their current site in Admiralty, in the business district of Hong Kong, in February 9, 2012.

The centre is situated on the site of a former British military explosives magazine and includes several restored military buildings The project was designed by architects Tod Williams and Billie Tsien.

Admiralty, Hong Kong
Admiralty (金鐘; Gāmjūng) is the eastern extension of the central business district (adjacent to, but separate from, Central) on the Hong Kong Island of Hong Kong. It is located on the eastern end of the Central and Western District, bordered by Wan Chai to the east and Victoria Harbour to the north.

The name of Admiralty refers to the former Admiralty Dock in the area which housed a naval dockyard. The dock was later demolished when land was reclaimed and developed northward as the naval base HMS Tamar. The Cantonese name, Kam Chung (金鐘), lit. "Golden Bell", refers to a gold-coloured bell that was used for timekeeping at Wellington Barracks.
Vera Henriksen
Vera Margrethe Henriksen (née Roscher Lund; 22 March 1927 – 23 May 2016) was a Norwegian novelist, playwright, and non-fiction writer. She was particularly known for her historical novels and plays set in the Middle Ages.

Norwegian Booksellers' Prize
The Norwegian Booksellers' Prize (Bokhandlerprisen) is a literature prize awarded annually  by the Norwegian Booksellers Association after voting among all who work in Norwegian bookstores.

The prize is awarded for one of the year's books in the fiction / general literature category, including children's and youth books. The prize was initiated in 1948, then did not return until 1961. It was also on a hiatus from 1970 to 1980.
The Truce at Bakura
The Truce at Bakura is a 1993 Star Wars spin-off novel by Kathy Tyers. It takes place immediately after the events depicted in the film Return of the Jedi (1983) and before those of the young-reader series Jedi Prince (1992–1993).

The book was later adapted as an audiobook, which is read by Anthony Heald. Galoob released models of ships and characters from the novel as part of its Micro Machines line.

Jedi Prince series
Jedi Prince is a series of science fiction young-reader novels set in the Star Wars universe, written by Paul and Hollace Davids. They were published by Bantam Skylark between 1992 and 1993.
The series takes place about a year after Return of the Jedi, between the events of the books The Truce at Bakura (1993) and Luke Skywalker and the Shadows of Mindor (2008).
Air Chathams
Air Chathams Limited is an airline based in the Chatham Islands, New Zealand. It was established in 1984 and operates scheduled passenger services between the Chatham Islands and mainland New Zealand along with routes between Auckland and Whakatāne, Auckland and Kāpiti Coast and Auckland and Whanganui. Its main base is Chatham Islands / Tuuta Airport.

Chatham Islands / Tuuta Airport
Chatham Islands / Tuuta Airport (IATA: CHT, ICAO: NZCI) is an airport 10.5 nautical miles (19.4 km; 12.1 mi) northeast of Waitangi Township on the Chatham Islands, New Zealand.

The airport, in part named in honor of the Chatham Islander, Inia William Tuuta, who donated the land for the airport, was completed in 1982 to replace a compacted grass airstrip at Te Hapupu that could only handle slow-flying Safe Air Bristol Freighter aircraft. The Armstrong Whitworth Argosy immediately started operating to the islands using the new airport until 1990, when Mount Cook Airlines and later Air Chathams took over air services to and from mainland New Zealand.

A small aviation museum is also based there, signifying the importance that aviation has played in developing the economic wealth of the island group.

Air Chathams operates services to Auckland, Christchurch, and Wellington. The airport is the base of Air Chathams and usually houses two aircraft overnight.
Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895
Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 6895, was a Boeing 737-200, registered as EX-009, operating a charter flight operated by Itek Air on behalf of Iran Aseman Airlines which crashed on 24 August 2008 (at 20:44 local time) near Manas International Airport in Kyrgyzstan while en route to Imam Khomeini International Airport, Tehran, Iran. It crashed while returning to the airport of origin after experiencing technical difficulties.

Manas International Airport
Manas International Airport (Kyrgyz: Манас эл аралык аэропорту, romanized: Manas El Aralyk Aeroportu; Russian: Международный аэропорт «Манас», romanized: Mezhdunarodnyy aeroport "Manas") (IATA: BSZ, ICAO: UCFM) is the main international airport in Kyrgyzstan, located 25 kilometres (16 mi) north-northwest of the capital, Bishkek.
Honey (2003 film)
Honey is a 2003 American dance film directed by Billie Woodruff. It stars Jessica Alba, Mekhi Phifer, Romeo Miller, Joy Bryant, and David Moscow, with a cameo by Missy Elliott and featured performances by Tweet, Sheek Louch, Jadakiss, Ginuwine, and Blaque.

Laurieann Gibson
Laurieann Gibson (born July 14, 1969) is a Canadian choreographer, director, television personality, singer, actress, and dancer. She has choreographed dance numbers for musical artists such as Michael Jackson, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and Beyoncé. Her music video directing credits include "Judas", "You and I", and "Love to My Cobain".

In 2005, Gibson rose to prominence on the MTV reality series Making the Band, and later worked as a judge on Little Talent Show, Skating with the Stars, and So You Think You Can Dance. Gibson also had a brief musical career, in which she released two albums.
New Caledonian buttonquail
The New Caledonian buttonquail (Turnix novaecaledoniae) is a species of bird in the family Turnicidae.
It is endemic to New Caledonia. It previously was considered a subspecies of the painted buttonquail.

Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.

Painted buttonquail
The painted buttonquail (Turnix varius) is a species of buttonquail, the family Turnicidae, which resemble, but are unrelated to, the quails of Phasianidae. This species is resident in Australia where numbers are believed to be in decline. A subspecies, the Abrolhos painted buttonquail (Turnix varius scintillans), is endemic to the Houtman Abrolhos islands.
2025 J1 League
The 2025 J1 League, also known as the 2025 Meiji Yasuda J1 League (Japanese: 2025 明治安田J1リーグ, Hepburn: 2025 Meiji Yasuda J1 Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, was the 33rd season of J1 League, the top Japanese professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1992. This was the 11th season of the league since its rebrand from J.League Division 1.

Vissel Kobe were the defending champions, having won their second league title in a row on the last matchday of the 2024 season.

Kashima Antlers won a record-extending ninth J.League title on the last matchday; it was their record-breaking ninth top flight title, their first trophy since winning the 2018 AFC Champions League, and the first league title since 2016.

2025 J2 League
The 2025 J2 League, also known as the 2025 Meiji Yasuda J2 League (Japanese: 2025 明治安田J2リーグ, Hepburn: 2025 Meiji Yasuda J2 Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, was the 27th season of the J2 League, the second-tier Japanese professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1999. This was also the eleventh season of the league since its rebrand from J.League Division 2.
Muscone
Muscone is a macrocyclic ketone, an organic compound that is the primary contributor to the odor of deer musk.  Natural muscone is obtained from musk, a glandular secretion of the musk deer, which has been used in perfumery and medicine for thousands of years. Since obtaining natural musk requires killing the endangered animal, nearly all muscone used in perfumery and for scenting consumer products today is synthetic. It has the characteristic smell of being "musky".

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Sant'Ambrogio di Torino
Sant'Ambrogio di Torino (Piedmontese: Sant Ambreus, Arpitan: Sent Ambreu, French: Saint Ambroise) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 25 km west of Turin in the Susa Valley.

Sant'Ambrogio di Torino borders the municipalities of Caprie, Villar Dora, Chiusa di San Michele, Avigliana and Valgioie. The ancient thousand-year abbey of the Sacra di San Michele, founded in the years between 983 and 987, is located within the municipality at the top of Mount Pirchiriano. The town's sights include several medieval towers, the 13th-century castle and walls, a Romanesque bell tower from the 12th century, and remains of the 11th-century church of San Pietro.

Chiusa di San Michele
Chiusa di San Michele (Piedmontese: Ciusa San Michel, Arpitan: Kiusa, French: L'Écluse) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Turin.