hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barton, Cumbria
Barton is a hamlet in the civil parish of Barton and Pooley Bridge, in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. It lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north east of Pooley Bridge, east of the River Eamont and west of the  B5320 road from Pooley Bridge to Eamont Bridge. The parish, which includes Barton and the larger settlement of Pooley Bridge, was renamed from "Barton" to "Barton and Pooley Bridge" on 1 April 2019, and had a population of 238 at the 2011 Census.

Barton and Pooley Bridge
Barton and Pooley Bridge is a civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England. The parish is on the edge of the Lake District National Park, and had a population of 232 according to the 2001 census, increasing slightly to 238 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes the village of Pooley Bridge, the small hamlet of Barton, and part of Ullswater, and extends south as far as Loadpot Hill. It has  an area of 16.95 square kilometres (6.54 sq mi) and a 2011 population density of 14/sqkm (36/sqmi). The parish was renamed from "Barton" to "Barton and Pooley Bridge" on 1 April 2019.

The parish was once much bigger and included the present civil parishes of Patterdale, Yanwath and Eamont Bridge and Sockbridge and Tirril.
190 New King's Road
190 New King's Road, also known as Jasmine House, is a Grade II listed house on New King's Road, Fulham, London, built in the late 18th century.

It is mentioned by Pevsner as a "late Georgian detached villa, with pretty enriched cornice and doorcase."

King's Road
King's Road or Kings Road (or sometimes the King's Road, especially when it was the king's private road until 1830, or as a colloquialism by middle/upper class London residents) is a major street stretching through Chelsea and Fulham, both in west London, England. It is associated with 1960s style and with fashion figures such as Mary Quant and Vivienne Westwood. Sir Oswald Mosley's Blackshirt movement had a barracks on the street in the 1930s.
Tokyu 3000 series
The Tokyu 3000 series (東急3000系, Tōkyū 3000-kei) is a Japanese commuter electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by Tokyu Corporation in the Tokyo area of Japan. Introduced into service on 16 April 1999 on the Tokyu Toyoko Line as a sole eight-car set, a total of 78 vehicles, which would form 13 six-car sets, were built by Tokyu Car Corporation between 1999 and 2001 for use on Tokyu Meguro Line inter-running services to the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, Toei Mita Line, and Saitama Rapid Railway Line.

Between 2022 and 2023, 26 cars were built to augment the fleet into eight-car formations ahead of the introduction of Sotetsu line through services via the Tokyu Shin-Yokohama Line.

Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu Corporation (東急株式会社, Tōkyū kabushiki-gaisha), a contraction of and formerly Tōkyō Kyūkō Dentetsu kabushiki gaisha (東京急行電鉄株式会社; "Tokyo Express Electric Railway Stock Company") until 2 September 2019, is a Japanese keiretsu or conglomerate headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo. While a multinational corporation, its main operation is the Tokyu Railways Company, Ltd. (ja:東急電鉄株式会社, Tōkyū Dentetsu kabushiki gaisha), a wholly owned subsidiary operating railways in the Greater Tokyo Area.
Ghouta chemical attack
The Ghouta chemical attack was a chemical attack carried out by the forces of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, in the early hours of 21 August 2013 in Ghouta, Syria during the Syrian civil war. It was the deadliest use of chemical weapons in Syrian conflict and since the Iran–Iraq War. Two opposition-controlled areas in the suburbs around Damascus were struck by rockets containing the chemical agent sarin. Estimates of the death toll range from 281 to 1,729 people. The attack led to an international agreement to eliminate Syria's chemical weapons, but this was not completed and further chemical attacks occurred, including Khan Shaykhun in 2017 and  Douma in 2018.

Authorization for the Use of Military Force Against the Government of Syria to Respond to Use of Chemical Weapons
The Authorization for the Use of Military Force Against the Government of Syria to Respond to Use of Chemical Weapons (S.J.Res. 21) was a United States Senate Joint Resolution that would have authorized President Barack Obama to use the American military to intervene in the ongoing Syrian Civil War. The bill was filed by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid on September 6, 2013 in a specially scheduled pro forma Senate session that took place during the last week of the August recess. The bill would have authorized only 60 days of military action, with the possibility of a one-time extension of 30 days. The bill would have specifically prohibited the use of ground troops. However, this bill never received a floor vote in either the House or Senate.
Junior college (Singapore)
Junior colleges (JC) are pre-university institutions in Singapore that offer two-year pre-university courses that leads to either the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level (A-Level) or the International Baccalaureate Diploma (IB - offered by only Anglo-Chinese School,	School of the Arts, Singapore Sports School, and St. Joseph’s Institution). Admission to junior college is based on attaining an aggregate raw score of 20 points or less in the O-Level examination.

Hwa Chong Institution
Hwa Chong Institution (HCI) is an independent secondary educational institution in Bukit Timah, Central Region, Singapore. It was established in 2005 by the merger of The Chinese High School (1919–2005) and Hwa Chong Junior College (1974–2005).

HCI provides secondary education for boys only from Years 1 to 4, and pre-university education for both boys and girls in Years 5 and 6. Since 2005, HCI and its affiliated school Nanyang Girls' High School have offered a six-year Integrated Programme (IP), which allows students to skip the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level (O-Levels) examinations and proceed to take the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Advanced Level (A-Levels) examinations at the end of Year 6. HCI operates under the Special Assistance Plan (SAP) and offers the IP and the Gifted Education Programme (GEP). Its name "Hwa Chong" ("Hua Zhong" or "华中") is an abbreviation of The Chinese High School's Chinese name, "Hua Qiao Zhong Xue" or "华侨中学".
Freya radar
Freya was an early warning radar deployed by Germany during World War II; it was named after the Norse goddess Freyja. During the war, over a thousand stations were built. A naval version operating on a slightly different wavelength was also developed as the Seetakt.

Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine radar equipment of World War II
German Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine Radar Equipment during World War II, relied on an increasingly diverse array of communications, IFF and RDF equipment for its function. Most of this equipment received the generic prefix FuG (German: Funkgerät), meaning "radio equipment". During the war, Germany renumbered their radars. From using the year of introduction as their number, they moved to a different numbering scheme.
Wartime, Saskatchewan
Wartime is an unincorporated community and former hamlet, within the Rural Municipality of Monet No. 257, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community is located along Highway 44 approximately 13 km west of Elrose along Canadian National Railway's Elrose sub-division track. The community once boasted a train station built in 1914 which was demolished in 1978, two grain elevators; a Saskatchewan Wheat Pool and a Federal elevator as well as a wooden water tank.  The elevators have disappeared but the water tower is still standing and in use.

Rural Municipality of Monet No. 257
The Rural Municipality of Monet No. 257 (2016 population: 445) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 8 and SARM Division No. 3. It is located in the southwest portion of the province.
Grønfjellåga
Grønfjellåga (lit. 'green mountain river') is a river in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 17-kilometre (11 mi) long river's source is the lakes Kallvatnet and Kopparvatnet. It then flows through the Grønfjelldalen valley while absorbing several smaller rivers, before it flows out as a tributary to the river Ranelva at the Dunderforsen waterfall (also called Stupforsen).

Grønfjelldalen
Grønfjelldalen is a valley in Rana Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  It is a side valley off of the main Dunderland Valley. The river Grønfjellåga runs from the lake Kallvatnet down through the valley, flowing into the main river Ranelva near Grønnfjelldal Station.
Sergey Tereshchenko
Sergey Alexandrovich Tereshchenko (Cyrillic: Сергей Александрович Терещенко; 30 March 1951 – 10 February 2023) was a Kazakhstani politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 1991 to 1994 and later as the acting chairman of Otan from 1999 to 2002.

Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
The prime minister of Kazakhstan is the head of government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the holder of its fourth highest office, after the president of Kazakhstan, the chairman of the Senate, and the chairman of the Majilis. The prime minister heads the cabinet and advises the president in the every day execution of the functions of the Parliament of Kazakhstan. The incumbent prime minister is Oljas Bektenov, who replaced acting Prime Minister Roman Sklyar on 6 February 2024 after the previous government's resignation.
Airplay (album)
Airplay is the debut and only studio album by American band Airplay. The project was created by David Foster and Jay Graydon in 1979 after working on many sessions together starting in the mid-1970s. They started writing songs that would eventually end up on the album as early as 1978, such as "After the Love Has Gone", which was recorded by Earth, Wind & Fire that same year (the original title for the track was "After the Love Is Gone", which is the title they used on this album).

Jeff Porcaro
Jeffrey Thomas Porcaro (April 1, 1954 – August 5, 1992) was an American drummer and songwriter. He is best known for being the co-founder and drummer of the rock band Toto, but is also one of the most recorded session musicians in history, working on hundreds of albums and thousands of sessions. While already an established studio player in the 1970s, he came to prominence in the United States as the drummer on the Steely Dan album Katy Lied (1975).

AllMusic characterized Porcaro as "arguably the most highly regarded studio drummer in rock from the mid-'70s to the early '90s" and said that "it is no exaggeration to say that the sound of mainstream pop/rock drumming in the 1980s was, to a large extent, the sound of Jeff Porcaro." He was posthumously inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1993.
Mikhail Botkin
Mikhail Petrovich Botkin (Russian: Михаи́л Петро́вич Бо́ткин; 26 June 1839 – 22 January 1914) was a Russian painter, engraver, art collector, archaeologist and philanthropist. Vasily Botkin, the writer, and Sergey Botkin, the physician, were his brothers.

Sergey Botkin
Sergey Petrovich Botkin (Russian: Серге́й Петро́вич Бо́ткин; 5 September 1832 – 12 December 1889) was a Russian clinician, therapist, and activist, one of the founders of modern Russian medical science and education. He introduced triage, pathological anatomy, and post mortem diagnostics into Russian medical practice.
DHS Management Directorate
The Management Directorate (MGMT) is a component within the United States Department of Homeland Security. DHS-MGMT serves as the central administrative support organization of the department as it fulfills its national security mission.

The Management Directorate is led by the under secretary of homeland security for management, who is appointed by the president of the United States with confirmation by the United States Senate. The position of Under Secretary for Management is currently vacant.

Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management
The under secretary of homeland security for management is a high level civilian official in the United States Department of Homeland Security. The under secretary, as head of the Management Directorate at DHS, is the principal staff assistant and adviser to both the secretary of homeland security and the deputy secretary of homeland security for all aspects of DHS administration, finance, and personnel issues.

The under secretary is appointed from civilian life by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve at the pleasure of the president. Benjamine Huffman is the current acting under secretary for management.
Glottolog
Glottolog is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials (grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-date language affiliations based on the work of expert linguists.

Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Jena, Germany. Its main curators include Harald Hammarström and Martin Haspelmath.

Martin Haspelmath
Martin Haspelmath (German: [ˈmaʁtiːn ˈhaspl̩maːt]; born 2 February 1963 in Hoya, Lower Saxony) is a German linguist working in the field of linguistic typology. He is a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, where he worked from 1998 to 2015 and again since 2020. Between 2015 and 2020, he worked at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. He is also an honorary professor of linguistics at the University of Leipzig.
Federal Coal Commission
The Federal Coal Commission was an agency of the Federal government of the United States of America, enacted by the U.S. Congress in September 1922. It was headed by former U.S. Vice President Thomas R. Marshall.

UMW General coal strike (1922)
The 1922 UMW Miner strike or The Big Coal Strike was a nationwide general strike of miners in the US and Canada after the United Mine Worker's (UMW) trade union contract expired on March 31, 1922. The strike decision was ordered March 22, to start effective April 1. Around 610,000 mine workers struck. About 100,000 of the striking miners were non-union or not associated with the UMW.
Protea scorzonerifolia
Protea scorzonerifolia, the channel-leaf sugarbush, is a flower-bearing shrub belonging to the genus Protea. The plant is endemic to South Africa and occurs in the Du Toit's Kloof, Franschhoek and Groot-Winterhoek mountains. The plant became extinct on the Cape Peninsula.

In Afrikaans it is known as the kanaalblaarsuikerbos.

Protea
Protea (/ˈproʊtiːə/) is a genus of South African flowering plants, also called sugarbushes (Afrikaans: suikerbos). It is the type genus of the Proteaceae family.

About 92% of the species occur only in the Cape Floristic Region, a narrow belt of mountainous coastal land from Clanwilliam to Grahamstown, South Africa. Most protea species are found south of the Limpopo River. Protea madiensis grows in Afromontane enclaves across tropical Africa, from Guinea to Sudan, Mozambique, and Angola. Protea afra ranges from the Cape region to Uganda and Kenya, including in the chaparral zone of Mount Kenya National Park. The extraordinary richness and diversity of species characteristic of the Cape flora are thought to be caused in part by the diverse landscape, where populations can become isolated from each other and in time develop into separate species.
Reisterstown, Maryland
Reisterstown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Baltimore and Carroll counties, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 25,968.

Founded by German immigrant John Reister in 1758, Reisterstown is located to the northwest of Baltimore. Though it is older than the surrounding areas, it now serves primarily as a residential suburb of Baltimore. The center is designated the Reisterstown Historic District and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Also listed are the Montrose Mansion and Chapel and St. Michael's Church.

Just outside the community, to its north, is the small military reservation of Camp Fretterd, which serves as a training site for the Maryland Army National Guard and Air Guard. The Maryland Defense Force is also headquartered at Camp Fretterd.

St. Michael's Church (Reisterstown, Maryland)
St. Michael's Church, also known as St. Michael's Chapel and Hannah More Chapel, is a historic Episcopal Church located at Academy Lane and Reisterstown Road in Reisterstown, Baltimore County, Maryland. It is a small, Carpenter Gothic-style, board and batten frame structure, featuring a simple bell-gable. It was designed by New York architect John W. Priest (1825–1859), and constructed about 1853. It was named after Hannah More, and built on the grounds of Hannah More Academy.

The church was deconsecrated on May 12, 1978.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Still owned by the Diocese of Maryland, a renovation project costing $1.2 million began in January 2003. On September 8, 2004, a ribbon-cutting ceremony was held for its reopening. The project included the replacement of roof shingles, a restoration of the interior, which had been destroyed by rainwater, and the removal of chimney bricks.
Xie Gaohua
Xie Gaohua (Chinese: 谢高华; 17 December 1931 – 23 October 2019) was a Chinese politician. When serving as Party Secretary of Yiwu County in 1982, he pioneered free-market policies and established the Yiwu Market, which has since grown into the world's largest small commodities market. He later served as Executive Vice Mayor of Quzhou and was elected a delegate to the 8th National People's Congress. In 2018, the Chinese government awarded him the honorary title of "Reform Pioneer".

Yiwu International Trade City
Yiwu International Trade City (Chinese: 义乌国际商贸城), also known as the Yiwu Market, is the world's largest wholesale market for small commodities, located in Yiwu, Zhejiang, China. The market serves as a vital node in global supply chains.
Grandmama (The Addams Family)
Grandmama is a fictional character in The Addams Family franchise, created by cartoonist Charles Addams and first appearing in his The New Yorker cartoons in 1938. She is the grandmother of Wednesday Addams and Pugsley Addams. Across various adaptations, her exact familial relationship shifts, as she is sometimes portrayed as the mother of Gomez Addams and at other times that of Morticia Addams. The role has been played or voiced by numerous performers, including Blossom Rock, Judith Malina, Carol Kane, Bette Midler and Joanna Lumley.

The Addams Family (1992 TV series)
The Addams Family is an American animated horror comedy  television series produced by H-B Production Co. and based on the eponymous comic strip characters by Charles Addams. It is the second cartoon show to feature the characters (the first was the 1973 series, also produced by Hanna-Barbera), and ran from September 12, 1992, to November 6, 1993, on ABC. The series' development began in the wake of the successful 1991 Addams Family feature film. Two seasons were produced. It remained part of ABC's Saturday Morning lineup until it was replaced by Fudge in January 1995.
MT-RNR1
Mitochondrially encoded 12S ribosomal RNA (often abbreviated as 12S or 12S rRNA) is the SSU rRNA of the mitochondrial ribosome. In humans, 12S is encoded by the MT-RNR1 gene and is 959 nucleotides long. MT-RNR1 is one of the 37 genes contained in animal mitochondria genomes. Their 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA and 13 mRNA genes are very useful in phylogenetic studies, in particular the 12S and 16S rRNAs. The 12S rRNA is the mitochondrial homologue of the prokaryotic 16S and eukaryotic nuclear 18S ribosomal RNAs. Mutations in the MT-RNR1 gene may be associated with hearing loss. The rRNA gene also encodes a peptide MOTS-c, also known as Mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c or Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c.

18S ribosomal RNA
18S ribosomal RNA (abbreviated 18S rRNA) is a part of the ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes. It is a component of the Eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S) and the cytosolic homologue of both the 12S rRNA in mitochondria and the 16S rRNA in plastids and prokaryotes. Similar to the prokaryotic 16S rRNA, the genes of the 18S ribosomal RNA have been widely used for phylogenetic studies and biodiversity screening of eukaryotes.
1958 California gubernatorial election
The 1958 California gubernatorial election was held on Tuesday November 4. Incumbent governor Goodwin Knight initially ran for re-election to a third term, but eventually withdrew and ran for election to the Senate. Incumbent senator William Knowland switched places with Knight to run for governor, but was defeated in a landslide by Democratic Attorney General Pat Brown, who won the first of his two terms as governor of California.

Knowland's decision to run for governor came in spite of strong opposition from Knight, who had wanted to run for re-election rather than for the Senate. Knowland's use of heavy-handed tactics to force Knight from the race, along with labor mobilization against Proposition 18, was a major factor in the Democratic landslide in California in 1958.

1958 United States Senate election in California
The 1958 United States Senate election in California was held on November 4, 1958.

Incumbent senator William F. Knowland opted not to run for re-election, choosing instead to run for election as governor. Incumbent governor Goodwin Knight exchanged places with Knowland and lost to U.S. Representative Clair Engle in the midst of a national landslide for the Democratic Party.

Knowland's decision to run for governor came in spite of strong opposition from Knight, who had wanted to run for re-election rather than for the Senate. The bad impression left by the feud between the two politicians, along with labor mobilization against Proposition 18, was a major factor in the Democratic landslide in California in 1958.

This was one of 15 seats Democrats gained from the Republican Party in 1958, part of a record swing.
Derek Johnstone
Derek Joseph Johnstone (born 4 November 1953) is a Scottish former football player and manager.

Johnstone played mainly for Rangers winning 14 major trophies during his career. He also had a spell at Chelsea and a brief stint in management with Partick Thistle. He mainly played as a striker but could also perform in central defence, and in midfield. Uniquely, he was selected to play in defence, midfield, and attack for Scotland.

1976 Scottish Cup final
The 1976 Scottish Cup Final was played on 1 May 1976 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 91st Scottish Cup. Rangers and Hearts contested the match, Rangers won the match 3–1 with Derek Johnstone (2) and Alex MacDonald scoring for Rangers, Graham Shaw getting the goal for Hearts.

Rangers dominated the game from the whistle with Johnstone scoring after only 42 seconds, the quickest goal scored in the Cup final. The referee had kicked off the match a couple of minutes early so the goal was scored before the official kick-off time. MacDonald put them two up just before the break and Johnstone wrapped it up with a third in 81 minutes. Shaw scored a consolation for Hearts in the 83rd minute.

The win sealed the third treble for Rangers and was their 21st Scottish Cup win.
United States Army Reserve
The United States Army Reserve (USAR) is a reserve force of the United States Army. Together, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard constitute the Army element of the reserve components of the United States Armed Forces.

187th Infantry Brigade (United States)
The 187th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the United States Army.

It was first organized in November 1921 as one of the two brigades under the United States Army Reserve's 94th Division (forerunner of the 94th Army Reserve Command).

The brigade was disbanded in February 1942 when the 94th Division was converted from a two brigade, four regiment "square" division to a three regiment "triangular" division.