hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
The German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (German: Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN) is the German government's scientific authority with responsibility for national and international nature conservation. BfN is one of the government's departmental research agencies and reports to the German Environment Ministry (BMU).

The Agency provides the German Environment Ministry with professional and scientific assistance in all nature conservation and land management issues and in international cooperation activities. BfN furthers its objectives by carrying out related scientific research and is also in charge of a number of funding programmes.

BfN additionally performs important enforcement work under international agreements on species conservation and nature conservation, the Antarctic Treaty, and the German Genetic Engineering Act.

Vilm
Vilm is a Baltic Sea island in the bay south of the much larger island of Rügen, and is one of Germany's most remote and tranquil spots. Covering less than 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi), Vilm is the remnant of a moraine left as the glaciers retreated about 6000 years ago. Since its formation the shape of the island has gradually changed, with sandbars and beaches forming and eroding continuously. Today the island is shaped like a 2.5-kilometre-long (1.6 mi) tadpole, consisting of two distinct parts. Great Vilm, the "head" to the north-east, rises to almost 40 metres (130 ft). The low-lying isthmus of Middle Vilm forms a long "tail" to the south-west, which culminates in Little Vilm, a rocky mound about 20 metres (66 ft) above sea level. The chalky cliffs to the southern side of Great Vilm are rapidly eroding, while sandbanks are building to add a snail-like curl to the tail.
Blagoveshchensk constituency (Bashkortostan)
The Blagoveshchensk constituency (No.4) is a Russian legislative constituency in Bashkortostan. The constituency covers parts of Ufa as well as northern and north-eastern Bashkiria. The present day Blagoveshchensk constituency was created in 2015 from parts of former Ordzhonikidzevsky, Kalininsky and Sovetsky constituencies.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Rafael Mardanshin, a three-term State Duma member and businessman, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Ildar Bikbayev.

Constituencies of Russia
Legislative constituencies are used in Russia to elect half of the seats (225) in the State Duma. Each Federal Subject gets a certain amount of constituencies, proportional to their population, with every Federal Subject getting at least one. Every constituency is a single-mandate one, meaning each constituency sends one representative (also known as a Deputy) to the State Duma.

Constituencies are created and their boundaries drawn by the Central Election Commission. According to Federal Law, the layout of constituencies are to be used for 10 years. Using these current constituencies, elections were held to the State Duma in 2016 and 2021.
Berlin outer ring
The Berlin outer ring (BAR; German: Berliner Außenring) is a 125 km (78 mi) long double track electrified railway located in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany. Its route forms a ring around the former West Berlin, and includes parts of some older lines such as the Outer Freight Ring, Jüterbog–Nauen railway, and Michendorf–Großbeeren railway.

The BAR was originally built by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) between 1950 and 1961 to bypass West Berlin for political, economic, and military reasons. It allowed East Germany to seal off West Berlin without disrupting its transport links, in preparation for the building of the Berlin Wall during the division of Germany, by encircling West Berlin through East Berlin and the suburbs in Bezirk Potsdam. The BAR was integrated into the Deutsche Bahn railway system in the 1990s after German reunification.

The term Outer ring is used to distinguish the line from the Ringbahn of inner Berlin.

Michendorf–Großbeeren railway
The Michendorf–Großbeeren railway is an electrified main line railway in the German state of Brandenburg south of Berlin. It went into operation in 1926 and was originally a section of the Brandenburg Bypass Railway, which was built to remove freight traffic from the railways through Berlin. The section between Saarmund and Genshagener Heide has been included in the Berlin Outer Ring since the 1950s.
Burke Jizō
The Burke Jizō is a 13th century wooden statue of the bodhisattva Kṣitigarbha, carved in the around 1202 by the sculptor Kaikei. Originally held at Kōfuku-ji, it was held in private collections for many years, including that of American collector Mary Griggs Burke (1916–2012), whereupon in 2015, her collection was bequeathed to the Metropolitan Museum of Art among which includes this statue.

Kaikei
Kaikei (快慶) was a Japanese Busshi (sculptor of Buddha statue) of the Kamakura period, known alongside Unkei. Because many busshi of the school have a name including kei (慶), his school is called Kei-ha (Kei school). Kaikei being also called Annami-dabutsu (安阿弥陀仏), his style is called Anna-miyō (安阿弥様, Anna style) and is known to be intelligent, pictorial and delicate. Most of his works have a height of about three shaku, and there are many of his works in existence.
Steamboats of Willapa Bay
Willapa Bay is a large shallow body of water near the Pacific Ocean in southwestern Washington. For a number of years before modern roads were built in Pacific County, Washington, the bay was used as the means of travel around the county, by powered and unpowered craft, including several steamboats.

Raymond, Washington
Raymond is a city in Pacific County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,882 at the 2010 census. The 2020 census showed the population of 3,081, an increase of 6.4%. The town's economy has traditionally been based on logging and fishing, together with a limited amount of tourism.
Kara-Suu (Aksy)
The Kara-Suu (Kyrgyz: Кара-Суу) or (Kyrgyz: Карасуу) is a right tributary of the Naryn in Aksy District, Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. The river originates in the Chatkal Range, western Tian Shan mountains. It flows through the villages Chaldybar and Jangy-Jol. The river discharges into the Naryn north of Tash-Kömür. It is 85 kilometres (53 mi) long, and the average yearly discharge is 41.2 m3/s (1,450 cu ft/s).  The Kara-Suu's peak flow is in May, and the minimum flow in January. The basin area is 2,740 square kilometres (1,060 sq mi). The main tributaries are Ak-Jol, Turduk, Avletim, and Kojata. The lake is located at 2022 meters above sea level.

Ak-Jol (river)
The Ak-Jol (Kyrgyz: Ак-Жол) or (Kyrgyz: Акжол) is a left tributary of the Kara-Suu in Aksy District of Jalal-Abad Region, Kyrgyzstan. The river takes its rise in the south-west slopes of the Fergana Range. The Ak-Jol is 29 km (18 mi) long and has a catchment area of 240 km2 (93 sq mi). The average yearly discharge is 8 m3/s (280 cu ft/s). The maximum flow is in May-June and the minimum - in January - February. The river is used for irrigation.
Ministry of Home Affairs (Japan)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (自治省, Jichishō) was a ministry in the Japanese government that existed from July 1, 1960, to January 5, 2001. It is now part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The head of the ministry was a member of the Cabinet of Japan.

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (総務省, Sōmu-shō; lit. 'Ministry of General Affairs'; MIC) is a cabinet-level ministry in the Government of Japan. Its English name was Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications (MPHPT) prior to 2004. It is housed in the 2nd Building of the Central Common Government Office at 2-1-2 Kasumigaseki in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

The Ministry oversees the Japanese administrative system, manages local governments, elections, telecommunication, post, and governmental statistics.

The Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications (総務大臣, Sōmu Daijin) is appointed from among the members of the cabinet.
Liardetia
Liardetia is a genus of land snails in the family Euconulidae, the hive snails.

Species include:

Liardetia boninensis

Liardetia doliolum

Liardetia indifferens

Liardetia samoensis

Liardetia sculpta

Liardetia tenuisculpta

Euconulidae
Euconulidae is a taxonomic family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea.

This land snail family is closely allied to the Zonitidae, the glass snails.
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
"The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information" is one of the most highly cited papers in psychology. It was written by the cognitive psychologist George A. Miller of Harvard University's Department of Psychology and published in 1956 in Psychological Review. It is often interpreted to argue that the number of objects an average human can hold in short-term memory is 7 ± 2. This has occasionally been referred to as Miller's law.

Working memory
Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily. It is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term memory, but some theorists consider the two forms of memory distinct, assuming that working memory allows for the manipulation of stored information, whereas short-term memory only refers to the short-term storage of information. Working memory is a theoretical concept central to cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience.
Anatri
Anatri (Chuvash: анат [anat] — lower, east) — a part of Chuvash people. Denomination "Anatri", i. e. lower, living downstream of Volga River, is opposed to Virjal or Viryal (Chuvash: вир [vir] — upper, west and Chuvash: ял [yal] — village, community), i. e. Upper Chuvash, living upstream of Volga River.

Ethnographers distinguish 3 subgroups: northern (between the Anish and Uryum rivers); underwood (подлесная in Russian) or western (between the rivers of Bolshaya Bula and Karla); southern or steppe (khirti in Chuvash) (interfluve of Kubnya and Karla)

Chuvash people
The Chuvash people,{{efn|{{ubl|UK: /ˈtʃuːvɑːʃ/ CHOO-vahsh, US: /tʃʊˈvɑːʃ/ chuu-VAHSH|Chuvash: чӑвашсем, romanized: çăvaşsem, pronounced [tɕə̹̆ˈʋaʂsʲɛm]|Russian: чуваши, romanized: čuvaši are a Turkic ethnic group, a branch of the Oğurs, inhabiting an area stretching from the Idel-Ural region to Siberia.

Most of them live in the Russian republic of Chuvashia and the surrounding area, although Chuvash communities may be found throughout Russia as well as in Central Asia. They speak Chuvash, a Turkic language that diverged from other languages in the family more than a millennium ago. Among the Chuvash believers, the majority are Eastern Orthodox Christians although a minority follow Vattisen Yaly or Sunni Islam.
Paleoproterozoic
The Paleoproterozoic Era (also spelled Palaeoproterozoic) is the first of the three sub-divisions (eras) of the Proterozoic eon, and also the longest era of the Earth's geological history, spanning from 2,500 to 1,600 million years ago (2.5–1.6 Ga). It is further subdivided into four geologic periods, namely the Siderian, Rhyacian, Orosirian and Statherian.

Paleontological evidence suggests that the Earth's rotational rate ~1.8 billion years ago equated to 20-hour days, implying a total of ~450 days per year. It was during this era that the continents first stabilized.

Statherian
The Statherian ( /stəˈθɪəriən/; Ancient Greek: σταθερός, romanized: statherós, meaning "stable, firm") is the fourth and final geologic period in the Paleoproterozoic Era, lasting from 1800 to 1600 million years ago (Ma) and spanning 200 million years. It follows the Orosirian Period and precedes the Calymmian Period, with the latter belonging to the Mesoproterozoic Era. Instead of being based on stratigraphy, these dates are defined chronometrically.

The period was characterized on most continents by either new platforms or final cratonization of fold belts. Oxygen levels were 10% to 20% of current values.

Rafatazmia, controversially claimed to be present in Statherian beds in India, may be the oldest known confirmably eukaryotic fossil organism.

By the beginning of the Statherian, the supercontinent Columbia had assembled.

Approximately 1.7 billion years ago, natural nuclear fission reactors were generating power in what is now Oklo, Gabon.
Beatmania (2006 video game)
Beatmania is a music video game and part of the beatmania IIDX series. Designed for the North American market, it was the only beatmania IIDX game released in the region until the arcade release of beatmania IIDX 27 HEROIC VERSE in 2020. It was released by Konami for the PlayStation 2 on March 28, 2006.

Beatmania IIDX
Beatmania IIDX (Japanese: ビートマニア ツーディーエックス, Hepburn: Bītomania Tsū Di Ekkusu) (IIDX) is a series of rhythm video games, that was first released by Konami in Japan on 26 February 1999. Beatmania IIDX has since spawned 33 arcade releases and 14 console releases on the Sony PlayStation 2. It is the sequel to the beatmania game series, and is part of the Bemani line of music games.

Initially conceived and developed as a sequel to Beatmania, Konami released Beatmania IIDX in Japan in 1999. The development team designed the game to simulate the experience of a DJ performing at a real venue, and gave the cabinet a "club Visual Jockey style." While its predecessor used five keys, IIDX had seven of them, increasing the games complexity and skill ceiling. The larger controller was integrated into the cabinet alongside a larger 40-inch widescreen monitor, dual speakers, and spotlights to replicate the feeling of performing at a live venue.
Hosne Ara Rahman
Hosne Ara Rahman (Bengali: হোসনে আরা রহমান; c. 1934 – 17 June 2017) was a Bangladeshi public figure, former First Lady of Bangladesh, and the wife of former President Abdur Rahman Biswas. Rahman served as the country's First Lady from 10 October 1991, until 9 October 1996.

Rahman died from complications of old age at United Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on 17 June 2017, aged 83.

She was also a cousin of Rashed Khan Menon, the Minister for Civil Aviation and Tourism. Her funeral rites were held at the Gulshan Azad Mosque in Gulshan Thana with burial at the Banani Graveyard.

Her widower, Abdur Rahman Biswas, died just months later on 3 November 2017. He was also buried in Banani Graveyard.

Abdur Rahman Biswas
Abdur Rahman Biswas (1 September 1926 – 3 November 2017) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was the President of Bangladesh from 1991 to 1996. Biswas represented Pakistan at the United Nations General Assembly, prior to the independence of Bangladesh.
2014 Michigan Senate election
Elections for the Michigan Senate was held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, with partisan primary elections to select the party's nominees held on August 5. All 38 seats in the Michigan Senate were contested, and those elected will serve in the 98th and 99th Michigan Legislatures. This was the first election for the Michigan Senate contested under the constituency boundaries drawn in consequence of the 2010 U.S. census. The election resulted in the Republicans expanding their majority to 27 seats over the Democrats 11 seats.

Michigan Senate
The Michigan Senate is the upper house of the Michigan Legislature. Along with the Michigan House of Representatives, it composes the state legislature, which has powers, roles and duties defined by Article IV of the Michigan Constitution, adopted in 1963. The primary purpose of the Legislature is to enact new laws and amend or repeal existing laws.

The Michigan Senate is composed of 38 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of between approximately 212,400 to 263,500 residents. Legislative districts are drawn on the basis of population figures, provided by the federal decennial census. In January 2023, Democrats took the majority with 20 seats to Republicans' 18 seats. The Senate chamber is located in the State Capitol building.
2023 Karachi local elections
The 2023 Karachi local government elections were held in Karachi, Pakistan on 15 January 2023 to elect members of local councils. These members would then elect the Mayor of Karachi (2023-2027). These elections were the 3rd Karachi local government elections.

Hafiz Naeem ur Rehman
Hafiz Naeem ur Rehman (Urdu: حافظ نعیم الرحمن; born 7 November 1973) is a Pakistani social activist, engineer, politician and Central Ameer of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan (JIP) for the session 2024-2029. Previously he served as the President of Karachi Chapter from 2013 to 2024.
Strawberry Plains, Tennessee
Strawberry Plains is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson, Knox, and Sevier counties in the State of Tennessee, United States. Before 2010, it was treated by the United States Census Bureau as a census county division. It is included in both the Knoxville Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Morristown Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The population of the CDP, which only covers the Jefferson County portion of the community, was 2,405 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Route 11E
U.S. Route 11E (US 11E) is a divided highway of US 11 in the U.S. states of Tennessee and Virginia. The United States Numbered Highway, which is complemented by US 11W to the north and west, runs 120.94 miles (194.63 km) from US 11, US 11W, and US 70 in Knoxville, Tennessee, north and east to US 11, US 11W, US 19, and US 421 in Bristol, Virginia. US 11E connects Knoxville and the twin cities of Bristol, Virginia, and Bristol, Tennessee, with the East Tennessee communities of Morristown, Greeneville, and Johnson City. The U.S. Highway runs concurrently with US 70 and US 25W east of Knoxville, US 321 from Greeneville and Johnson City, and both US 19W and US 19 between Johnson City and Bristol. US 11E also has an unsigned concurrency with State Route 34 (SR 34) for almost all of its course in Tennessee.
Kaghan Valley
The Kaghan Valley (Hindko, Urdu: وادی کاغان) is an alpine valley in Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The valley stretches 154 kilometres (96 mi) across the mountaineous northern Pakistan, rising from its lowest elevation of 650 m (2,134 ft) to its highest point at the Babusar Pass around 4,170 m (13,690 ft). Landslides triggered by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake destroyed many passes leading into the valley, though roads have since been rebuilt. Kaghan is a popular tourist attraction in Pakistan.

Mansehra District
Mansehra District (Urdu, Hindko: ضلع مانسہرہ) is a district in the Hazara Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan. The city of Mansehra serves as the headquarters of the district.

Mansehra was established as an independent district in 1976. It was previously a tehsil within the broader Hazara District. In 1993, a former subdivision of Mansehra, Battagram, was separated as an independent district. Similarly, in 2011, another subdivision of Mansehra, Kala Dhaka, was separated which is now known as Torghar District.

The area comprising present-day Mansehra District historically consisted of two regions: Pakhal, known as the country of the Swati tribe, and Tanawal, the territory of the Tanoli tribe. According to revenue records, historical accounts, and British gazetteers, following the conquest of Pakhal from the Turks in 1703, Swati clans settled across the region, establishing ownership of nearly all villages in the district.
Skyrunner Powerful
The Skyrunner Powerful is a Russian paramotor that was designed and produced by Skyrunner Paramotor Laboratory of Pskov for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Skyrunner Paramotor Laboratory
Skyrunner Paramotor Laboratory (often just called Skyrunner) is a Russian aircraft manufacturer based in Pskov and founded in 1996. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of paramotors in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules and the European microlight category.

The company has produced a wide range of paramotors named in English for their attributes, including the Basic,  Booster, Light and the Powerful.
Keramat (shrine)
A keramat, or kramat, is a type of shrine originally located in the Malay Peninsula and usually associated with pseudo-Islamic beliefs. A typical shrine consists of a grave that is venerated by devotees. Such shrines can be found primarily in Singapore and Indonesia, with a lesser extent in Malaysia and South Africa. Keramat can be situated in cemeteries, mosques and even by itself as roadside shrines.

Keramat Kusu
The Keramat Kusu is a Datuk Keramat shrine located on Kusu Island. It is a religious complex containing three enshrined Muslim tombs. The shrine is visited every year as part of a pilgrimage to Kusu Island. In 2022, the shrine was damaged by a large fire and is currently undergoing restoration.
Flemington Historic District
The Flemington Historic District is a historic district in the borough of Flemington in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States.
After evaluation by the state historic preservation office (SHPO), it was listed on New Jersey Register of Historic Places (NJRHP #1587)) and the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP #80002493) on September 17, 1980, for its significance in architecture and politics/government. One has been documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS).

Hunterdon County Courthouse
The Hunterdon County Courthouse is an historic site located in Flemington, the county seat of Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States, that is best known as the site of the 1935 "Trial of the Century" of Bruno Hauptmann and his conviction and sentence of death for his role in the Lindbergh kidnapping.
Republic of Vietnam River and Coastal Police
The River and Coastal Police – RCP (Vietnamese: Cảnh Sát Sông Và Ven Biển – CSSVVB), also variously designated as Marine Police and 'Police Nautique' or 'Police Fluviale et Côtière' in French, was the "naval" branch of the Republic of Vietnam National Police (Vietnamese: Cãnh Sát Quốc Gia – CSQG), active from 1965 to 1975.

Republic of Vietnam National Police
The Republic of Vietnam National Police – RVNP (Vietnamese: Cảnh sát Quốc gia Việt Nam Cộng hòa), Police Nationale de la République du Vietnam or Police Nationale for short (Vietnamese: Cảnh sát Quốc gia – CSQG) in French, was the official South Vietnamese national police force from 1962 to 1975, operating closely with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) during the Vietnam War.
Conrad Vernon Field
Conrad Vernon Field is a baseball venue located in Longview, Texas and home to the LeTourneau Yellow Jackets college baseball team in the American Southwest Conference. The ballpark holds a capacity of 200.

LeTourneau University
LeTourneau University (/lətˈərnoʊ/; abbreviated LETU) is a private, interdenominational evangelical Christian university in Longview, Texas. Founded as LeTourneau Technical Institute in February 1946 by R. G. LeTourneau with his wife, Evelyn, the school initially educated veterans returning from World War II. Total annual enrollment is nearly 3,000.
Jaintia Kingdom
The Jaintia Kingdom was a kingdom in present-day some parts of Bangladesh's Sylhet Division, India's Meghalaya state and Nagaon, Morigoan district of Assam. It was partitioned into three in 630 AD by Raja Guhak for his three sons, into the Jaintia Kingdom, Gour Kingdom and Laur Kingdom. It was annexed by the British East India Company in 1835. All the Pnar Rajahs of the Jaintia Kingdom are from the Syiem Sutnga clan, a Pnar clan of the Khasi tribe which claims descent from Ka Li Dohkha, a divine nymph.

Kanaighat Upazila
Kanaighat (Bengali: কানাইঘাট) is an upazila of Sylhet Division of Bangladesh. It is the second-largest upazila (sub-district) of Sylhet District after Gowainghat Upazila. It is named after the town of Kanaighat, which is also the only municipality in the Upazila.