hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Archer
Walter Edward Archer C.B. F.R.S.E. (4 July 1855 – 19 August 1917) was a British civil servant, spy and specialist on "the sex life of the salmon".

Walter Archer led the Fisheries Division of the UK government's Board of Agriculture and Fisheries from 1903 to 1912. Between 1908 and 1912, he served as President of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, the world's oldest intergovernmental science organization.

His interest in salmon took him to live in Sand, Rogaland, Norway.

In 1912, Archer and his son Hugh were recruited as agents by Mansfield Smith-Cumming, the first director of the Secret Intelligence Service, who gave them the codenames "Sage" and "Sagette", to spy on German ships in Norwegian and Danish waters.

Hugh Archer (Royal Navy officer)
Captain Hugh Edward Murray Archer, DSO (15 August 1879 – 30 December 1931) was a British Royal Navy officer and spy.

In 1912, Hugh Archer and his father Walter Archer were recruited as agents by Mansfield Smith-Cumming, the first director of the Secret Intelligence Service, who gave them the codenames "Sagette" and "Sage", to spy on German ships in Norwegian and Danish waters.
Kiev Governorate
Kiev Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire (1796–1917), Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–18; 1918–1921), Ukrainian State (1918), and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–1925; part of the Soviet Union since 1922). It included the territory of the right-bank Ukraine and was formed after a division of the Kiev Viceroyalty into Kiev and Little Russia Governorates in 1796. Its capital was in Kiev. By the early 20th century, it consisted of 12 uyezds, 12 cities, 111 miasteczkos and 7344 other settlements. In 1923, it was divided into several okrugs and on 6 June 1925 it was abolished by the Soviet administrative reforms.

Radomyshl
Radomyshl (Ukrainian: Радомишль, IPA: [rɐˈdɔmɪʃlʲ] ⓘ) is a historic city in Zhytomyr Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Before 2020, it was the administrative center of the former Radomyshl Raion. It is located on the left bank of the Teteriv River, a right tributary of the Dnieper. Its population is approximately 13,685 (2022 estimate). It is located within the historic region of Right-bank Ukraine.
1972 British Formula Three season
The 1972 British Formula Three season was the 22nd season of the British Formula 3 season. It consisted of three championships. Roger Williamson won the Shell Super Oil and Forward Trust F3 Championships, while Rikky von Opel won the Lombard Championship.

Rikky von Opel
Frederick "Rikky" von Opel (born 14 October 1947) is a former racing driver, who competed under the Liechtenstein flag in Formula One from 1973 to 1974. Von Opel remains the only driver to represent Liechtenstein in Formula One.

Born in New York City and raised in St. Moritz, von Opel was born into the noble Opel family as the son of Fritz von Opel and the great-grandson of Adam Opel, founder of Opel. He won the Lombard North British Formula 3 Championship in 1972. Von Opel participated in 14 Formula One Grands Prix for Ensign and Brabham, debuting with the former at the 1973 French Grand Prix. He finished a career-best ninth at the Swedish and Dutch Grands Prix in 1974 with Brabham, driving the Brabham BT44.

Upon retiring from motor racing, von Opel moved to a Buddhist monastery in Thailand, becoming a monk.
Cowbridge House
51°34′37″N 2°05′00″W﻿ / ﻿51.5770°N 2.0833°W﻿ / 51.5770; -2.0833

Cowbridge House, 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) southeast of Malmesbury, Wiltshire, England, was an 18th-century country house that was demolished in 2007.

During the Second World War, the EKCO company used the house as a shadow factory for the manufacture of radar equipment. The factory continued after the war, producing radio and telecommunications equipment; the company was taken over by Pye TMC and then Philips, and later became part of AT&T. The site was in use as offices until 2004 when the owners, Lucent Technologies, moved their operations to Swindon. Subsequently the site was redeveloped for housing.

EKCO
EKCO (abbreviated from Eric Kirkham Cole Limited) was a British electronics company founded by Eric Kirkham Cole CBE in Southend-on-Sea during 1924. The company started out by making radio sets, before progressing onto television sets and lighting. The company's knowledge of radio saw it expand into developing radar before and during World War II. The company expanded into making its own plastic bodies for radio sets, with EKCO Plastics later becoming a manufacturer of domestic wares. The company merged in 1960 with Pye to become British Electronic Industries Ltd, which was purchased by Dutch firm Philips in 1967, with the EKCO brand disappearing from brown goods during the 1970s.
2018–19 MPBL season
The 2018–19 MPBL season, also known as the MPBL Datu Cup, was the second season of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League. The regular season began on June 12, 2018 with the opening ceremonies Smart Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, and ended on March 11, 2019. The league also held its first ever All-Star Game at the SM Mall of Asia Arena in Pasay on March 2, 2019. The playoffs then began on March 12, 2019 and ended on April 25, 2019 when the San Juan Knights defeated the Davao Occidental Tigers in five games in the 2019 MPBL finals.

This season saw sixteen expansion teams, nearly tripling its size from 10 to 26 teams. It also marked the league's national expansion, with five of those teams coming from Visayas and Mindanao. This resulted in the league dividing into the North and South Divisions, although this only affected playoff seeding and not the overall format of the season, with the playoffs itself expanding to sixteen teams, eight per division.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Lower Prespa dialect
The Lower Prespa dialect (Macedonian: Долнoпреспански дијалект, Dolnoprespanski dijalekt), is a member of the western subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. This dialect is mainly spoken on the Eastern shore of Prespa Lake and Small Prespa Lake, both in North Macedonia and by Macedonian-speaking community on the Greek side of the border. The Prespa dialect spoken in the Greek community has elements of Greek such as "d/δ".  This area is mainly composed of villages, such as Brajčino, Dupeni, Štrbovo, Ljubojno, western parts of the Florina regional unit and northern parts of the Kastoria regional unit. The Lower Prespa dialect is very similar to the Upper Prespa dialect and Ohrid dialect.

Upper Prespa dialect
The Upper Prespa dialect (Macedonian: Горнопреспански дијалект, Gornoprespanski dijalekt) is a member of the western subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. The dialect is spoken in the town of Resen and surrounding areas. The Upper Prespa dialect is very similar to the Lower Prespa dialect and the Ohrid dialect.
London and Birmingham Railway
The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, in operation from 1833 to 1846, when it became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).

The 112-mile (180 km) railway line which the company opened in 1838, between London and Birmingham, was the first intercity line to be built into London. It is now the southern section of the West Coast Main Line.

The line was engineered by Robert Stephenson. It started at Euston Station in London, went north-west to Rugby, where it turned west to Coventry and on to Birmingham. It terminated at Curzon Street Station, which it shared with the Grand Junction Railway (GJR), whose adjacent platforms gave an interchange with full connectivity (with through carriages) between Liverpool, Manchester and London.

Hemel Hempstead railway station
Hemel Hempstead railway station lies in Boxmoor, on the western edge of the town of Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24+1⁄2 miles (39.4 km) north-west of London Euston on the West Coast Main Line. The station is managed by London Northwestern Railway, who operate all train services from the station.

Hemel Hempstead is one of two railway stations that now serve the town, the other being Apsley. Both were built when the town was relatively small, before it was designated a New Town in 1946 and grew rapidly in size. Bus services run from there to the town centre. There are two pubs and the Grand Union Canal, sited about 110 yd (100 m) away.

There are four full-length (12 car) through platforms and one disused south-facing bay on the slow lines.
Ministry of National Education (Morocco)
The Ministry of National Education Preschool and Sports (Arabic: وزارة التربية الوطنية والتعليم الأولي والرياضة) is a ministry of the Moroccan government responsible for early education in Morocco. The current minister is Mohamed Saad Berrada.

Education in Morocco
The education system in Morocco comprises pre-school, primary, secondary and tertiary levels. School education is supervised by the Ministry of National Education, with considerable devolution to the regional level. Higher education falls under the Ministry of Higher Education and Executive Training.

School attendance is compulsory up to the age of 13. About 56% of young people are enrolled in secondary education, and 11% are in higher education. The government has launched several policy reviews to improve quality and access to education, and in particular to tackle a continuing problem of illiteracy. Support has been obtained from a number of international organisation such as USAID, UNICEF and the World Bank. A recent report after the new government being formed in 2017 has made Arabic as well as French Compulsory in Public School.
Mezzojuso
Mezzojuso (Sicilian: Menzijusu or Menziuso, Arbëreshë: Munxifsi) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Palermo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,003 and an area of 49.4 square kilometres (19.1 sq mi).

Mezzojuso borders the following municipalities: Campofelice di Fitalia, Cefalà Diana, Ciminna, Godrano, Marineo, Villafrati.

Marineo
Marineo (Sicilian: Marineu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Palermo in the Italian region Sicily, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Palermo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,885 and an area of 33.3 square kilometres (12.9 mi2).
Shurtape Technologies
Shurtape Technologies, LLC is an American manufacturing company that produces adhesive tape as well as consumer goods and office supplies, recognizable as the manufacturer of the Duck Tape and Frog Tape brands. Founded in 1996, Shurtape had its origins as the tape division of Shuford Mills, a textile manufacturing company; Shurtape was spun off from the textile division after it began to outpace it in revenue. Today, both Shurtape and the remaining textile business are subsidiaries of STM Industries. The company is owned and operated by the Shuford family, with brothers Jim and Stephen serving as CEO and Executive Vice President, respectively.

Shurtape operates 13 manufacturing facilities worldwide and employs around 1,500 people. Its corporate headquarters is based in Hickory, North Carolina, and its subsidiaries ShurTech Brands and the Engineered Solutions Group are headquartered in Avon, Ohio and New Hartford, Connecticut, respectively.

Hickory, North Carolina
Hickory is a city in western North Carolina primarily located in Catawba County. The 25th most populous city in the state, it is located approximately 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Charlotte.

Hickory's population in the 2022 United States Census Bureau estimate was 44,084. Hickory is the main city of the Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 368,347 in the 2022 census, and is included in the larger  Charlotte-Concord, NC Combined Statistical Area with a population of 3,387,115 in 2022.

In 2014, Reader's Digest named the Hickory metro area as the 10th best place to live and raise a family in the United States. Forbes ranked the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton MSA the third best MSA in the country for business cost in the same year. The Hickory MSA was described by Smart Growth America in 2014 as being the country's most sprawling metro area. In 2023, Travel and Leisure rated Hickory as the most beautiful and affordable place to live in the U.S.
Golden Bell Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Television Series
The Golden Bell Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Television Series (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎戲劇節目最佳女配角獎) is one of the categories of the competition for the Taiwanese television production, Golden Bell Awards. It is presented annually by the Government Information Office, Taiwan. The first time that television programs were first eligible to be awarded was in 1971.

Golden Bell Awards
The Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 金鐘獎; pinyin: Jīnzhōngjiǎng) is an annual Taiwanese television and radio production award presented in October or November each year by the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development, a division of Taiwan's Ministry of Culture. It is the first radio and television production award in Chinese circulation, founded in 1965, and Taiwan's equivalent to the Emmy Awards. It is also one of the three major annual entertainment and cultural awards presented in Taiwan, along with the Golden Melody Awards for music and the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for films. The awards were presented by the Government Information Office until 2011.

Currently, there are two main streams presented at separate ceremonies: Television Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎) and Broadcast Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 廣播金鐘獎).
HMPNGS Ted Diro
HMPNGS Ted Diro (P401) was the first Guardian-class patrol boat to be completed. Australia designed and provided four Pacific Forum-class patrol vessels to Papua New Guinea in 1987 and 1988, and in 2015 confirmed she would be replacing those vessels with four larger, and more capable, Guardian-class vessels.

Ted Diro replaced HMPNGS Rabaul.  Australia transferred the vessel to Papua New Guinea on 30 November 2018.

HMPNGS Rabaul
HMPNGS Rabaul (01) was the first Pacific Forum patrol vessel to be commissioned, in May 1987.  She is not the first vessel of the class to go out of service, because her sister ship from Fiji RFNS Kiro was wrecked in 2016.  She arrived in Port Moresby, for disposal, on October 24, 2018.  The vessel was named HMPNGS Tarangau.

Australia gave Papua New Guinea four vessels, and gave an additional eighteen vessels to neighboring countries in the Pacific Forum.  Australia gave these vessels to her smaller neighbors after the United Nations Convention of the Laws of the Sea established that maritime nations had 200-kilometre (120 mi) exclusive economic zone.  Australia gave these vessels so its neighbours could police their own sovereignty.
Kamulu
Kamulu is a neighbourhood in Nairobi City County located to the North East of the Nairobi Central Business District (CBD). It borders Joska (Matungulu) in Machakos County to the east, Mwalimu Farm Ruiru to the north, Njiru to the west, and Mihang'o to the south west. Kamulu belongs to the Ruai ward of  Kasarani constituency of Nairobi County.

Nairobi River
The Nairobi River is a river that flows across Nairobi, the capital city of Kenya. It is the main river of the Nairobi River Basin, with several parallel streams flowing eastward. All of the Nairobi basin rivers join east of Nairobi and meet the Athi River, which eventually flows into the Indian Ocean. The rivers are mostly narrow and highly polluted, though recent efforts to clean the rivers have improved water quality.

The main stream, the Nairobi River, bounds the northern city center, where it is partly canalized.
Markland Hill
Markland Hill is a mostly residential district of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. Historically within Lancashire, it is about 2.5 miles to the north west of the town centre. It lies on the lower south facing slopes of the West Pennine Moors. It is bounded by Lostock to the south, Doffcocker to the north, and Heaton to the east. It occupied the northern part of the Heaton township.

Markland Hill County Primary School, which covers years Foundation to Year 6, is situated on Markland Hill.
It is near Doffcocker Lodge lying within the Bolton Ring Road, which is locally designated as Victoria Road.

Lostock, Bolton
Lostock is a residential district of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of Bolton town centre and 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Manchester. Historically part of Lancashire, Lostock is bounded by Deane to the southeast, Markland Hill to the northeast, and Middlebrook to the west. Bolton Wanderers' football ground, the University of Bolton Stadium, is in Lostock.

After a railway station was built to serve the area in 1852, the area around the station – some 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Lostock Hall – became known as Lostock Junction. This name is still in use, although the station's name has changed to Lostock.
Emergent coastline
An emergent coastline is a stretch along the coast that has been exposed by the sea by a relative fall in sea levels by either isostasy or eustasy.

Emergent coastline are the opposite of submergent coastlines, which have experienced a relative rise in sea levels.

The emergent coastline may have several specific landforms:

Raised beach or machair

Wave cut platform

Sea cave such as King's Cave, Isle of Arran

The Scottish Gaelic word machair or machar refers to a fertile low-lying raised beach found on some of the coastlines of Ireland and Scotland (especially the Outer Hebrides).

Hudson Bay, in Canada's north, is an example of an emergent coastline. It is still emerging by as much as 1 cm per year. Another example of emergent coastline is the Eastern Coastal Plains of the Indian subcontinent.

Submergent coastline
Submergent coastlines or drowned coastlines are stretches along the coast that have been inundated by the sea by a relative rise in sea levels from either isostacy or eustacy.

Submergent coastline are the opposite of emergent coastlines, which have experienced a relative fall in sea levels.

Many submergent coastlines were formed by the end of the Last Glacial Period (LGP), when glacial retreat caused both global sea level rise and also localised changes to land height.
Lightspeed (magazine)
Lightspeed is an American online fantasy and science fiction magazine edited and published by John Joseph Adams. The first issue was published in June 2010 and it has maintained a regular monthly schedule since. The magazine published four original stories and four reprints in every issue, in addition to interviews with the authors and other nonfiction. All of the content published in each issue is available for purchase as an ebook and for free on the magazine's website. Lightspeed also made selected stories available as a free podcast, produced by Audie Award–winning editor Stefan Rudnicki.

Science fiction magazine
A science fiction magazine is a publication that offers primarily science fiction, either in a hard-copy periodical format or on the Internet. Science fiction magazines traditionally featured speculative fiction in short story, novelette, novella or (usually serialized) novel form, a format that continues into the present day. Many also contain editorials, book reviews or articles, and some also include stories in the fantasy and horror genres.
Nishikichō
Nishikichō (錦町), officially Kanda-Nishikichō (神田錦町), is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of 1-chōme to 3-chōme. As of April 1, 2007, its population is 673.

This district is located on the northern part of Chiyoda. It borders Kanda-Ogawamachi and Kanda-Jinbōchō to the north, Uchi-Kanda and Kanda-Mitoshirochō to the east, Ōtemachi to the south, and Hitotsubashi to the west. The Nihonbashi River forms its southern boundary.

Nishikichō is home to several educational and academic institutions such as Tokyo Denki University, Gakushi Kaikan, Kinjyo Gakuen High School and Seisoku Gakuen High School.

Mitoshirochō, Tokyo
Mitoshirochō (美土代町)

, officially Kanda-Mitoshirochō (神田美土代町), is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. As of April 1, 2007, its population is 35. Its postal code is 101-0053.

This district is located on the northern part of Chiyoda Ward. It borders Kanda-Ogawamachi on the north, Kanda-Tsukasamachi on the east, Uchi-Kanda on the south, and Kanda-Nishikichō on the west.
Peter Ormerod
Lawrence Peter Ormerod (born 1950) was an English chest physician.

Ormerod was educated at Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School. He qualified as a doctor in 1974 and gained a DSc in 2000 for his work researching tuberculosis.

He is a Professor of Respiratory Medicine at the University of Manchester and at the University of Central Lancashire, and was a consultant for BMI Healthcare at the Beardwood Hospital in Lancashire.

He was appointed to the Joint Tuberculosis Committee in 1987 and served as its chair from 1995 to 2000. He was a consultant adviser on Tuberculosis to the United Kingdom Government's Department of Health, from 1997 to 2003.

He was President of the British Thoracic Society for the year 2008–2009.

Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School
Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School (BRGS) is a selective co-educational academy grammar school in Waterfoot, Rossendale, Lancashire, England. The school is named after the two main towns either side of Waterfoot, Bacup and Rawtenstall.
Nelson Maple Leafs
The Nelson Maple Leafs were a senior men's ice hockey team. They won the British Columbia Senior Championship, the Savage Cup, seven times (1937, 1961, 1965, 1967, 1971, 1986, and 1987). They played in, but lost, the 1965 Allan Cup Final.

The Maple Leafs played in the West Kootenay League from 1932-33 through 1940-41 and in 1945-46. They played in the Western International Hockey League from 1946-47 through 1986-87.

West Kootenay League
The West Kootenay League, also referred to as the West Kootenay Hockey League (WKHL), is a defunct senior men's ice hockey league that operated in eastern British Columbia from 1922–1941, and also during the 1945-46 season. In 1946-47 the league expanded to Spokane and Los Angeles and became the Western International Hockey League.

In its 20 years of operation, the West Kootenay League won every British Columbia Senior Championship (Savage Cup) after its first season (1922–23) and teams from this league won the Allan Cup twice.