hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus envelope protein
The envelope (E) protein is the smallest and least well-characterized of the four major structural proteins found in coronavirus virions. It is an integral membrane protein less than 110 amino acid residues long; in SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, the E protein is 75 residues long. Although it is not necessarily essential for viral replication, absence of the E protein may produce abnormally assembled viral capsids or reduced replication. E is a multifunctional protein and, in addition to its role as a structural protein in the viral capsid, it is thought to be involved in viral assembly, likely functions as a viroporin, and is involved in viral pathogenesis.

Murine coronavirus
Murine coronavirus (M-CoV) is a virus in the genus Betacoronavirus that infects mice. Belonging to the subgenus Embecovirus, murine coronavirus strains are enterotropic or polytropic. Enterotropic strains include mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) strains D, Y, RI, and DVIM, whereas polytropic strains, such as JHM and A59, primarily cause hepatitis, enteritis, and encephalitis.  Murine coronavirus is an important pathogen in the laboratory mouse and the laboratory rat. It is the most studied coronavirus in animals other than humans, and has been used as an animal disease model for many virological and clinical studies.
St. Mary's International School
St. Mary's International School is a private international school for boys located in the Setagaya ward of Tokyo, Japan. The school consists of an elementary, middle, and high school, all located in the Setagaya campus. The school’s primary language of instruction is English, and it also offers the International Baccalaureate program.

Originally established to serve the children of foreign residents in Tokyo with a Western-style, English-language curriculum, over time it has welcomed a growing number of Japanese students seeking international education. Though rooted in teaching of Catholic tradition, the school accepts students of all faiths and backgrounds. Religious education is offered, and Catholic students may attend Mass, though participation is voluntary.

Setagaya
Setagaya (世田谷区, Setagaya-ku; officially called Setagaya City or the City of Setagaya) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. It is also the name of a neighborhood and administrative district within the ward. Its official bird is the azure-winged magpie, its flower is the fringed orchid, and its tree is the Zelkova serrata.

Setagaya has the largest population and second-largest area (after Ōta) of Tokyo's special wards. As of July 1, 2023, the ward has an estimated population of 940,071, and a population density of 16,194 persons per km2 with the total area of 58.06 km2.
2023 Men's T20 World Cup Americas regional final
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup was the ninth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, a biennial world cup for cricket in Twenty20 International (T20I) format, organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The qualification process for the world cup included two stages: direct qualification and regional qualification. The regional qualification for Americas was held in two stages: sub-regional qualifier and regional final.

The Americas region's regional final was hosted by Bermuda Cricket Board from 30 September to 7 October 2023. Canada qualified for the T20 World Cup after finishing atop the points table. Bermuda's Kamau Leverock was named player of the series having scored the most runs (213) while Canada's Kaleem Sana took the most wickets (15) in the tournament.

2023 Men's T20 World Cup Americas sub-regional qualifier
The 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup was the ninth edition of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup, a biennial world cup for cricket in Twenty20 International (T20I) format, organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC). The qualification process for the world cup included two stages: direct qualification and regional qualification. The regional qualification for Americas was held in two stages: sub-regional qualifier and regional final.

The Americas region's sub-regional qualifier was hosted by Argentine Cricket Association from 25 February to 4 March 2023. Belize, Brazil and Suriname withdrew from the qualifier in February 2023. Bermuda, Cayman Islands and Panama advanced to the regional final after finishing atop the points table. Bermuda's Kamau Leverock was named player of the series having scored the most runs (202) while Argentina's Hernán Fennell took the most wickets (9) in the tournament.
Ministry of Health (Vietnam)
The Ministry of Health (MOH, Vietnamese: Bộ Y tế) is the government ministry responsible for the governance and guidance of the health, healthcare and health industry of Vietnam. In conjunction with other ministries and the prime minister's office, the Ministry is responsible for creating and promulgating long-term health policy programs such as the "National Strategy on Nutrition for the 2001 - 2010 period" and the "National Policy on Injury Prevention 2002 - 2010".  Its main offices are located in Ba Đình District, Hanoi.

Nguyễn Thanh Long
Nguyễn Thanh Long (born September 3, 1966) is a former Vietnamese politician and medical doctor who served as Minister of Health from July 2020 until his removal from the Communist Party of Vietnam in June 2022 for involvement in the Việt Á corruption scandal. During his term as Minister of Health, he was in acting capacity from July to November 2020. He has been noted for being one of the chief strategists of the response of the Vietnamese government to the COVID-19 pandemic. In January 2024, he was sentenced to 18 years in prison for taking bribes worth USD 2.25 million and expelled from Vietnam's Communist Party.
Watertown Dam
The Watertown Dam spans the Charles River 980 feet (300 m) upstream from the Watertown Bridge near Watertown Square in Watertown, Massachusetts.  The dam is located where the Charles River tidal estuary historically ended (the tides no longer reach this point because of the downstream Charles River Dam).  Watertown Dam is of concrete construction, a gravity dam, last rebuilt in 1966. Its length is 220 feet (67 m). Its capacity is 30 acre-feet (37,000 m3). Normal storage is 20 acre-feet (25,000 m3). It drains an area of 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2).

The history of the dam traces back to 1632 when construction of a fish weir was authorized.  The current dam, maintained by the Department of Conservation and Recreation, dates from 1900.  It is part of the Upper Charles River Reservation.

Watertown, Massachusetts
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End.

Watertown was one of the first Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements organized by Puritan settlers in 1630. The city is home to the Perkins School for the Blind, the Armenian Library and Museum of America, and the historic Watertown Arsenal, which produced military armaments from 1816 through World War II.
Brantano UK
Brantano (UK) Ltd was a British shoe retailer, owned by Alteri Investors. The company was started in 1998 by the purchase of 47 Shoe City stores from the British Shoe Corporation by the Belgian retailer Brantano Footwear. It was owned by Macintosh Retail Group until it was bought by Alteri in October 2015. The company entered administration in March 2017 and closed its last store in June 2017.

Brantano Footwear
Brantano Footwear (Brantano, en de wereld ligt aan je voeten (English: Brantano, and the world is at your feet)) was a European chain of retail stores specialising in footwear for men, women and children, that was founded in Belgium.

It went into administration in March 2017. The stores closed in June 2017 with the loss of over 900 jobs.
Lights Out (game)
Lights Out is an electronic game released by Tiger Electronics in 1995. The game consists of a 5 by 5 grid of lights. When the game starts, a random number or a stored pattern of these lights is switched on. Pressing any of the lights will toggle it and the adjacent lights. The goal of the puzzle is to switch all the lights off, preferably with as few button presses as possible.

Merlin, a similar electronic game, was released by Parker Brothers in the 1970s with similar rules on a 3 by 3 grid. Another similar game was produced by Vulcan Electronics in 1983 under the name XL-25. Tiger Toys also produced a cartridge version of Lights Out for its Game com handheld game console in 1997, shipped free with the console.
A number of new puzzles similar to Lights Out have been released, such as Lights Out 2000 (5×5 with multiple colors), Lights Out Cube (six 3×3 faces with effects across edges), and Lights Out Deluxe (6×6).

Merlin (console)
Merlin (also known as Merlin The Electronic Wizard, stylized as MERLIN) is a handheld electronic game first made by Parker Brothers in 1978.

The game was invented by former NASA employee Bob Doyle, his wife Holly, and brother-in-law Wendl Thomis. Merlin is notable as one of the earliest and most popular handheld games, selling over 5 million units during its initial run, as well as one of the most long-lived, remaining popular throughout the 1980s. A version of the game was re-released in 2004 by the Milton Bradley Company.
Noncommutative signal-flow graph
In automata theory and control theory, branches of mathematics, theoretical computer science and systems engineering, a noncommutative signal-flow graph is a tool for modeling interconnected systems and state machines by mapping the edges of a directed graph to a ring or semiring.

A single edge weight might represent an array of impulse responses of a complex system (see figure to the right), or a character from an alphabet picked off the input tape of a finite automaton, while the graph might represent the flow of information or state transitions.

As diverse as these applications are, they share much of the same underlying theory.

Mason's gain formula
Mason's gain formula (MGF) is a method for finding the transfer function of a linear signal-flow graph (SFG).  The formula was derived by Samuel Jefferson Mason, for whom it is named. MGF is an alternate method to finding the transfer function algebraically by labeling each signal, writing down the equation for how that signal depends on other signals, and then solving the multiple equations for the output signal in terms of the input signal.  MGF provides a step by step method to obtain the transfer function from a SFG.  Often, MGF can be determined by inspection of the SFG.  The method can easily handle SFGs with many variables and loops including loops with inner loops.  MGF comes up often in  the context of control systems, microwave circuits and digital filters because these are often represented by SFGs.
Malta Film Studios
Malta Film Studios (MFS) (formerly known as Mediterranean Film Studios) is a film studio complex located in Kalkara, Malta. It is known for its large water tanks designed for maritime and underwater filming, its special effects water facility.

Kalkara
Kalkara (Maltese: Il-Kalkara) is a village in the Port Region of Malta, with a population of 3,014 as of March 2014. The name is derived from the Latin word for lime (Calce), and it is believed that there was a lime kiln present there since Roman times. Kalkara forms part of the inner harbour area and occupies the area around Kalkara Creek. The town has its own Local Council and is bordered by the cities of Birgu and Żabbar, as well as the town of Xgħajra.
Sud (department)
Sud (French, pronounced [syd] ⓘ) or Sid (Haitian Creole; both meaning "South") is one of the ten departments of Haiti and located in southern Haiti. It has an area of 2,653.60 square kilometres (1,024.56 sq mi) and a population of 774,976. Its capital is Les Cayes.

Saint-Louis-du-Sud
Saint-Louis-du-Sud (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ lwi dy syd]; Haitian Creole: Sen Lwi disid) is a coastal commune in the Aquin Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti. Home to Fort des Oliviers, Fort Anglais and Bonnet Carré, the town is also the location of the 1748 Battle of Saint-Louis-du-Sud. Saint Louis du Sud is home to over 64,924 inhabitants.
Rasbora tobana
Rasbora tobana is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Rasbora from Sumatra, Indonesia. It is restricted to Lake Toba and some of the rivers that run into the lake, as well as some neighbouring river basins.

Rasbora
Rasbora is a genus of fish in the family Danionidae. They are native to freshwater habitats in South and Southeast Asia, as well as southeast China. A single species, Rasbora gerlachi, is only known from an old specimen that reputedly originated from Africa (Cameroon), but this locality is considered doubtful. They are small, up to 17 cm (6.7 in) long, although most species do not surpass 10 cm (4 in) and many have a dark horizontal stripe.

Several species are regularly kept in aquariums. As a common English name, "rasbora" is used for many species in the genus Rasbora, as well as several species in genera Brevibora, Boraras, Megarasbora, Metzia, Microdevario, Microrasbora, Rasboroides, Rasbosoma, Sawbwa, Trigonopoma and Trigonostigma. Some of these related genera were included in the genus Rasbora in the past. In a 2007 analysis, Rasbora was found to not be a monophyletic assemblage. However Boraras and Trigonostigma were determined to be monophyletic.
Maybach
Maybach (German: [ˈmaɪbax] ⓘ, MY-baakh) is a German luxury car brand owned by Mercedes-Benz. The original company was founded in 1909 by Wilhelm Maybach and his son Karl Maybach, originally as a subsidiary of Luftschiffbau Zeppelin GmbH, and it was known as Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH until 1999.

In 1960, Maybach was acquired by Daimler-Benz. The name returned as a standalone ultra-luxury car brand in 2002, sharing significant components with Mercedes-Benz cars. In 2013, after slow sales, Maybach ceased to be a standalone brand. In 2015, it became a sub-brand of Mercedes-Benz, which the Mercedes-Benz Group owns. As of 2021, Daimler produces an ultra-luxury edition of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, the Mercedes-Benz EQS SUV, the Mercedes-Benz GLS-Class, and the Mercedes-Benz SL under the Mercedes-Maybach name.

Maybach HL230
The Maybach HL230 was a water-cooled 60° 23-litre V12 petrol engine. It was one of many different sized engines designed by Maybach. It was used during World War II in medium and heavy German tanks – the Panther, Jagdpanther, Tiger II, Jagdtiger (HL230 P30), and later versions of the Tiger I and Sturmtiger (HL230 P45).
Williams FW19
The Williams FW19 was the car with which the Williams team competed in the 1997 Formula One World Championship.  It was driven by Jacques Villeneuve, in his second year with the team, and Heinz-Harald Frentzen, who moved from Sauber to replace the defending 1996 champion, Damon Hill who was dumped before the season began. Williams also employed test drivers Jean-Christophe Boullion and Juan Pablo Montoya.

To this date, the FW19 remains the last Williams car to win either championship. It was also the last Renault-powered Formula One car to win a world championship title until the Renault R25 in 2005 and also the last Renault-powered non-full-works Formula One car outside the Enstone-based team to win a world championship title until the Red Bull RB6 in 2010.

1997 German Grand Prix
The 1997 German Grand Prix (formally the LIX Grosser Mobil 1 Preis von Deutschland) was a Formula One motor race held at Hockenheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany on 27 July 1997. It was the tenth race of the 1997 Formula One World Championship.

The 45-lap race was won by Austrian Gerhard Berger, driving a Benetton-Renault. Having missed the previous three races due to a sinus problem, Berger took pole position and led the race from start to finish, except for the pit stops. It was Berger's tenth and final Grand Prix victory, the 27th and last for the Benetton team, and his final podium in Formula One. It was also the last victory for an Austrian driver, as of 2025. Local driver Michael Schumacher finished second in a Ferrari, with Finn Mika Häkkinen third in a McLaren-Mercedes.

With Jacques Villeneuve failing to finish in his Williams-Renault, Schumacher extended his lead over the Canadian in the Drivers' Championship to 10 points.
Vernacular
Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of a language or dialect, particularly when perceived as having lower social status or less prestige than standard language, which is more codified, institutionally promoted, literary, or formal. More narrowly, any particular variety of a natural language that does not hold a widespread high-status perception, and sometimes even carries social stigma, is also called a vernacular, vernacular dialect, nonstandard dialect, etc. and is typically its speakers' native variety. Regardless of any such stigma, all nonstandard dialects are full-fledged varieties of language with their own consistent grammatical structure, sound system, body of vocabulary, etc.

Style (sociolinguistics)
In sociolinguistics, a style is a set of linguistic variants with specific social meanings. In this context, social meanings can include group membership, personal attributes, or beliefs. Linguistic variation is at the heart of the concept of linguistic style—without variation, there is no basis for distinguishing social meanings. Variation can occur syntactically, lexically, and phonologically.

Many approaches to interpreting and defining style incorporate the concepts of indexicality, indexical order, stance-taking, and linguistic ideology. A style is not a fixed attribute of a speaker. Rather, a speaker may use different styles depending on context. Additionally, speakers often incorporate elements of multiple styles into their speech, either consciously or subconsciously, thereby creating a new style.
Railways in the Pilbara
The heavy-haul railways in the Pilbara are a series of company-owned railways in the Pilbara region in the north-west of the state of Western Australia. Their routes total 2782 kilometres (1729 miles).

Fortescue (company)
Fortescue is a global metal mining company headquartered in Australia. Fortescue focused on iron ore mining under the name of Fortescue Metals Group (FMG) until July 2023. As of 2017, Fortescue is the fourth-largest iron ore producer in the world. The company has holdings of more than 87,000 km2 (34,000 square miles) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, making it the largest tenement holder in the state, larger than both BHP and Rio Tinto.
Soraya Martinez Ferrada
Soraya Marisel Martínez Ferrada (born August 28, 1972) is a Chilean-Canadian politician who has served as the mayor of Montreal and leader of Ensemble Montréal since 2025. A member of the Liberal Party, she previously served as the member of Parliament for Hochelaga from 2019 to 2025, and as a federal Cabinet minister from 2023 to 2025.

Montreal City Council
The Montreal City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Montréal) is the governing body in the mayor–council government in the city of Montreal, Quebec. The head of the city government in Montreal is the mayor, who is first among equals in the city council. The council is a democratically elected institution and is the final decision-making authority in the city, although much power is centralized in the executive committee. The council consists of 65 members from all boroughs of the city. The council has jurisdiction over many matters, including public security, agreements with other governments, subsidy programs, the environment, urban planning, and a three-year capital expenditure program. The city council is also required to supervise, standardize or approve certain decisions made by the borough councils.
2012–13 Dallas Sidekicks season
The 2012–13 Dallas Sidekicks season was the first season of the new Dallas Sidekicks professional indoor soccer club. The Sidekicks, a Central Division team in the Professional Arena Soccer League, played their home games in the Allen Event Center in Allen, Texas. The team was led by general manager and head coach Tatu with assistant coaches Mike Powers and Caesar Cervin.

Tatu (footballer)
Antonio Carlos Pecorari (born 1 February 1962), commonly known as Tatu, is a Brazilian football coach and former player, and one of the most accomplished indoor football players of all time. He is currently the head coach of the Texas Outlaws, formerly the Mesquite Outlaws, in the Major Arena Soccer League. His nickname means "armadillo" in Portuguese.
Bernard Matthews Foods
Bernard Matthews Foods  Limited is a British farming and food products business which specialises in turkey products.

Founded by Bernard Matthews in 1950, it has 56 farms throughout Norfolk, Suffolk and Lincolnshire farming nearly 7 million turkeys each year. It also has poultry production operations in Derby and Sunderland. The company breeds and rears both indoor and free range turkeys on its farms, and is an integrated agricultural business.

Great Witchingham
Great Witchingham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk, along the River Wensum. The civil parish also includes the smaller village on Lenwade.

Great Witchingham is located 8.1 miles (13.0 km) north-east of Dereham and 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Norwich.
William Fleming (governor)
Colonel William Fleming (February 18, 1727 – August 5, 1795) was an American physician, soldier, politician, and planter who served as a local justice of the peace in the mountains of southwestern Virginia and Kentucky, as well as in the Senate of Virginia and briefly acted as the governor of Virginia during the American Revolutionary War.

Fleming is often confused with his contemporary, Judge William Fleming, who also served in the Virginia legislature (but from Cumberland County in the middle of the Commonwealth) and who was a delegate to the Continental Congress.

George A. Baxter
George Addison Baxter (July 22, 1771 – April 24, 1841) was an educator, American university administrator, theologian and author. He served as President of Washington and Lee University from 1799 to 1829 and Hampden–Sydney College from 1835 until his death.
Patch release
A patch release (also known as point release, dot release, or bugfix release) is a release of software, especially one intended to fix bugs or for relatively small changes rather than add significant features. Often, there are too many bugs to be fixed in a single major or minor release, creating a need for a point release.

Maintenance release
A maintenance release (also minor release or Maintenance Pack or MP) is a release of a product that does not add new features or content. For instance, in computer software, maintenance releases are typically intended to solve minor problems, typically "bugs" or security issues.
U.S. Route 64 in New Mexico
U.S. Route 64 (US 64) is a U.S. Numbered Highway that runs from the Four Corners area in Arizona to the east coast of North Carolina. In Arizona, the highway starts at U.S. Route 160 (US 160) heading southeast for 4.5 miles (7.2 km) before entering New Mexico near the town of Beclabito. Through New Mexico the highway passes through Shiprock, Bloomfield, Tierra Amarilla and Taos, sharing a short concurrency with I-25 near Raton, before heading east through Clayton to the Oklahoma state line.

Capulin, New Mexico
Capulin is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Union County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 66 as of the 2010 census. Capulin had a post office until August 13, 2011; it still has its own ZIP code, 88414. U.S. routes 64 and 87 pass through the community.