hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shooting sports
Shooting sports are a group of competitive and recreational sporting activities which focus on shooting accuracy, precision and speed. Shooting is the art of using ranged weapons, mainly firearms and airguns, such as handguns, rifles and shotguns, and also bows/crossbows.

Shooting sports can be categorized by equipment, shooting distance, targets, time limits and the degree of athleticism involved. Shooting sports may involve both team and individual competitions, and team performance is usually assessed by summing the scores of the individual team members. Due to the noise and high impact energy of the projectiles, which can be lethal, shooting sports are typically conducted at either designated permanent shooting ranges or temporary shooting fields in areas away from human settlements.

Swiss Shooting Sport Federation
The Swiss Shooting Sport Federation, German: Schweizer Schiesssportverband (SSSV), is an association for sport shooting in Switzerland. It was founded in its current form in 2001, but has roots as far back as in 1824. It is associated with the International Shooting Sport Federation and the European Shooting Confederation.
Dinteloord en Prinsenland
Dinteloord en Prinsenland is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant, now part of the municipality of Steenbergen. The main town of the municipality was Dinteloord.

Dinteloord en Prinsenland was a separate municipality until 1997.

Steenbergen
Steenbergen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈstɛːnbɛrɣə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the province of North Brabant in the south of the Netherlands. The municipality had a population of 24,310 in 2021 and covers an area of 159.14 km2 (61.44 sq mi) of which 12.71 km2 (4.91 sq mi) is water. The municipality is mainly agricultural including a strongly growing greenhouse sector, but Steenbergen and the nearby town of Dinteloord also contain some light industry. A new stretch of A4 motorway under construction is expected to further increase the municipality's attractiveness, allowing easy connections with the large cities of Rotterdam to the north and the Belgian city of Antwerp to the south. The connection with the nearby city of Bergen op Zoom will also be improved as a result.
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a disorder of conjugate lateral gaze in which the affected eye shows impairment of adduction.  When an attempt is made to gaze contralaterally (relative to the affected eye), the affected eye adducts minimally, if at all.  The contralateral eye abducts, however with nystagmus.  Additionally, the divergence of the eyes leads to horizontal diplopia. That is if the right eye is affected the patient will "see double" when looking to the left, seeing two images side-by-side. Convergence is generally preserved.

Paramedian pontine reticular formation
The paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)  is a subset of neurons of the oral and caudal pontine reticular nuclei. With the abducens nucleus it makes up the horizontal gaze centre. It is situated in the pons adjacent to the abducens nucleus. It projects to the ipsilateral abducens (cranial nerve VI) nucleus, and contralateral oculomotor (cranial nerve III) nucleus to mediate conjugate horizontal gaze and saccades.
Flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.82, was wrongly classified as EC 1.14.13.21 in the past) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are flavonoid, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 3′-hydroxyflavonoid, NADP+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is flavonoid,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (3′-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3-hydroxylase (erroneous), NADPH:flavonoid-3′-hydroxylase, and flavonoid 3-monooxygenase (erroneous).  This enzyme participates in flavonoid biosynthesis.

Flavonoid biosynthesis
Flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is used to produce 4-coumaroyl-CoA. This  can be combined with malonyl-CoA to yield the true backbone of flavonoids, a group of compounds  called chalcones, which contain two phenyl rings. Conjugate ring-closure of chalcones results in the familiar form of flavonoids, the three-ringed structure of a flavone. The metabolic pathway continues through a series of enzymatic modifications to yield flavanones → dihydroflavonols → anthocyanins. Along this pathway, many products can be formed, including the flavonols, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins (tannins) and a host of other various polyphenolics.

Flavanoids can possess chiral carbons. Methods of analysis should take this element into account especially regarding bioactivity or enzyme stereospecificity.
Maasdorf
Maasdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈmaːsˌdɔʁf]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Südliches Anhalt.

Südliches Anhalt
Südliches Anhalt (German pronunciation: [ˌzyːtlɪçəs ˈʔanhalt], lit. 'Southern Anhalt') is a town in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2010 by the merger of the former municipalities Edderitz, Fraßdorf, Glauzig, Großbadegast, Hinsdorf, Libehna, Maasdorf, Meilendorf, Prosigk, Quellendorf, Radegast, Reupzig, Riesdorf, Scheuder, Trebbichau an der Fuhne, Weißandt-Gölzau, Wieskau, and Zehbitz. On 1 September 2010, the former municipalities Gröbzig, Görzig, and Piethen joined the town.
Charles Henry Allan Bennett
Charles Henry Allan Bennett (8 December 1872 – 9 March 1923) was an English Buddhist monk and former member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. He was an early friend and influential teacher of occultist Aleister Crowley.

Bennett received the name Bhikkhu Ananda Metteyya at his ordination as a Buddhist monk and spent years studying and practising Buddhism in the East. He was the first Englishman to be ordained as a Buddhist monk (Bhikkhu) of the Theravāda tradition and was instrumental in introducing Buddhism in England. He established the first Buddhist Mission in the United Kingdom and sought to spread the light of Dhamma to the West. Co-founder of international Buddhist organisations and publications, he was an influential Buddhist advocate of the early 20th century.

Clifford Bax
Clifford Lea Bax (13 July 1886 – 18 November 1962) was a versatile English writer, known particularly as a playwright, a journalist, critic and editor, and a poet, lyricist and hymn writer. He also was a translator (for example, of Goldoni). The composer Arnold Bax was his brother, and set some of his words to music.
Muirend
Muirend is an area on the South side of Glasgow, Scotland. It is situated about 4 miles (6.5 km) south of Glasgow city centre. Muirend became extensively urbanised in the 20th century, developing into a commuter suburb. In a 2014 Royal Mail survey, the G44 postcode – which includes Muirend – was rated as the most desirable area of Scotland to live in. Neighbouring areas include Cathcart, Merrylee and Newlands in Glasgow, and Netherlee and Giffnock in East Renfrewshire (plus Cathcart Cemetery which forms the eastern boundary). Some buildings that are locally associated with Muirend, including the main row of shops, as well as Hazelden Park and Muirend Pavilion, are located in East Renfrewshire.

Merrylee
Merrylee is a neighbourhood in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated south of the River Clyde within the Newlands/Auldburn ward surrounded by other residential areas: Newlands, Cathcart and Muirend, and is a housing scheme consisting of mostly ex-local authority homes (terraced houses and three-and four-storey tenements) constructed in the 1950s and 60s.
The Gothic Archies
The Gothic Archies are an American indie rock/gothic rock band established by Stephin Merritt of The Magnetic Fields. In 1997, Merritt released The New Despair. The EP featured the song "Your Long White Fingers", which appeared frequently in the Nickelodeon series The Adventures of Pete & Pete.

The band later became more prominent when Merritt wrote, performed and recorded songs for the audiobook versions of Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events. A collection of thirteen songs based on each book and two additional tracks was released as The Tragic Treasury on October 10, 2006, to coincide with the release of the final book in the series. The Gothic Archies briefly toured to promote the album featuring Merritt on ukulele and Daniel Handler on accordion. In 2002, The Gothic Archies composed original music for the audiobook version of Neil Gaiman's Coraline.

Daniel Handler
Daniel Handler (born February 28, 1970) is an American author, musician, screenwriter, television writer, and television producer. He is best known for his children's book series A Series of Unfortunate Events and All the Wrong Questions, published under the pen name Lemony Snicket. The former was adapted into a film in 2004, as well as a Netflix series from 2017 to 2019.

Handler has published adult novels and a stage play under his real name, along with other children's books under the Snicket pseudonym. His first book, a satirical fiction piece titled The Basic Eight, was rejected by many publishers for its dark subject matter.

Handler has also played the accordion in several bands, and appeared on the album 69 Love Songs by indie pop band The Magnetic Fields.
June 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
June 26 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 28

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on July 10 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For June 27th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the saints listed on June 14.

June 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
June 27 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 29

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on July 11 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For June 28th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on June 15.
Santa Cecilia Tower
Santa Cecilia Tower (Maltese: It-Torri ta' Santa Ċeċilja or ta' Santa Ċilja) is a tower in Għajnsielem, Gozo, Malta. It was built in 1613 by a member of the Order of St. John, and it could relay messages across the island. The tower remains in good condition and is a private residence.

Għajnsielem
Għajnsielem (Maltese pronunciation: [ɐˤɪ̯nˈsɪːlɛm]; meaning "Spring of Peace") is a municipality on the southeastern coast of the island of Gozo in Malta, including the entire island of Comino. It has a population of 3,200 residents (as of March 2014), and is the first Gozitan village that greets the visitor on leaving Mġarr Harbour towards the Gozitan heartland. Its name originated from the water spring, around which in 1700, Grandmaster Perellos built an arcade containing public wash basins and fresh water spouts. Attractions include Lourdes Chapel with its sharp steeple and underlying niche of Our Lady of Lourdes, Fort Chambray and the towering of Ghajnsielem Parish Church.
Factotum (software)
Factotum is a password management and authentication protocol negotiation virtual file system  for Plan 9 from Bell Labs. When a program wants to authenticate to a service, it requests a key from Factotum. If Factotum does not have the key, it requests it from the users either via the terminal window or auth/fgui which is then stored in volatile memory. Factotum then authenticates to the service on 
behalf of the program. For long-term storage, keys are usually stored in secstore or in an encrypted file.

Factotum was introduced in August 2002, at that year's USENIX in Berkeley, California.

Plan 9 from Bell Labs
Plan 9 from Bell Labs is an operating system designed by the Computing Science Research Center (CSRC) at Bell Labs in the mid-1980s, built on the UNIX concepts first developed there in the late 1960s. Since 2000, Plan 9 has been free and open-source. The final official release was in early 2015.

Under Plan 9, UNIX's everything is a file metaphor is extended via a pervasive network-centric (distributed) filesystem, and the cursor-addressed, terminal-based I/O at the heart of UNIX is replaced by a windowing system and graphical user interface without cursor addressing (although rc, the Plan 9 shell, is text-based). Plan 9 also introduced capability-based security and a log-structured file system called Fossil that provides snapshotting and versioned file histories.

The name Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a reference to the Ed Wood 1957 cult science fiction Z-movie Plan 9 from Outer Space. The system continues to be used and developed by operating system researchers and hobbyists.
Joseph Bonaparte Gulf
Joseph Bonaparte Gulf is a large body of water off the coast of the Northern Territory and Western Australia and part of the Timor Sea. It was named after Joseph Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon and King of Naples (1806–1808) and then Spain (1808–1813) by French explorer and naturalist Nicolas Baudin in 1803. It is also often referred to in Australia as the "Bonaparte Gulf".

Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph Bonaparte (born Giuseppe di Buonaparte, Italian: [dʒuˈzɛppe di ˌbwɔnaˈparte]; Corsican: Ghjuseppe Bonaparte; Spanish: José Bonaparte; 7 January 1768 – 28 July 1844), regnal name Joseph I, was a French statesman, lawyer, diplomat and older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1806, Napoleon made him King of Naples, and then King of Spain and the Indies in 1808. After the fall of Napoleon, Joseph styled himself Comte de Survilliers and emigrated to the United States, where he lived in the Point Breeze estate at Bordentown, New Jersey.
Paxillin
Paxillin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PXN gene. Paxillin is expressed at focal adhesions of non-striated cells and at costameres of striated muscle cells, and it functions to adhere cells to the extracellular matrix. Mutations in PXN as well as abnormal expression of paxillin protein has been implicated in the progression of various cancers.

Vinculin
In mammalian cells, vinculin is a membrane-cytoskeletal protein in focal adhesion plaques that is involved in linkage of integrin adhesion molecules to the actin cytoskeleton. Vinculin is a cytoskeletal protein associated with cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions, where it is thought to function as one of several interacting proteins involved in anchoring F-actin to the membrane.

Discovered independently by Benny Geiger and Keith Burridge, its sequence is 20%–30% similar to α-catenin, which serves a similar function.

Binding alternately to talin or α-actinin, vinculin's shape and, as a consequence, its binding properties are changed. The vinculin gene occurs as a single copy and what appears to be no close relative to take over functions in its absence. Its splice variant metavinculin (see below) also needs vinculin to heterodimerize and work in a dependent fashion.
Rutherglen Bridge
The Rutherglen Bridge or the Shawfield Bridge is a bridge which was built 1893–96, which crosses the River Clyde, in Scotland.

It connects Shawfield, the most northerly district in the town of Rutherglen, and the south-side Glasgow district of Oatlands, with the Glasgow East End districts of Dalmarnock, Glasgow Green and Bridgeton. Bridgeton is in fact named after the first bridge at the site that was constructed in 1776 and designed by James Watt, which stood until 1890.

The road is part of the Glasgow East End Regeneration Route running between the M8 and M74 motorways. The Glasgow side of the bridge is a convenient point for walkers and cyclists to join the Clyde Walkway or National Cycle Route 75 which share a tarmac path along the river at this point.

It should not be confused with the nearby Dalmarnock Bridge which also connects Rutherglen to Dalmarnock, nor with a modern pedestrian 'Smartbridge' between Shawfield and Dalmarnock.

Bridgeton, Glasgow
Bridgeton (Scots: Brigtoun, Scottish Gaelic: Baile na Drochaid) is a district to the east of Glasgow city centre. Historically part of Lanarkshire, it is bounded by Glasgow Green to the west, Dalmarnock to the east and south, Calton to the north-west at Abercromby Street/London Road and Broad street  to the north-east.
TV K3
TV K3 or Televizija Kanal 3 is commercial television channel based in Prnjavor, Bosnia and Herzegovina. K3 TV broadcasts 24 hours of program daily, including more than 5 hours of its own production in the 10 TV shows that are created according to the wishes and interests of viewers in Republika Srpska. The program is mainly produced in Serbian.

TV K3 is also part of is part of Mreža TV. With a syndicated broadcasting programme under the Mreža TV label, TV stations have managed to cover 95 percent of the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. "Mreža TV" airs TV series, telenovels, movies and entertainment shows.

Mreža TV
Mreža TV is a Bosnian television network founded in 2011.

With a syndicated broadcasting programme under the "Mreža" label, 8 TV stations have managed to cover 92.12 percent of the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, including major Bosnian cities (Sarajevo, Banja Luka, Mostar, Brčko, Tuzla).

Mreža TV airs TV series, telenovels, movies and entertainment shows. Its direct competitor in BiH is Program Plus network.
Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis
The Historia Ecclesie Abbendonensis or History of the Church of Abingdon (sometimes known by its older printed title of  Chronicon Monasterii de Abingdon or occasionally as the Abingdon Chronicle) was a medieval chronicle written at Abingdon Abbey in England in the 12th century. The Abbey was historically in the county of Berkshire, but since 1974 has been in the county of Oxfordshire.

Abingdon Abbey
Abingdon Abbey (formally Abbey of Saint Mary) was a Benedictine monastery in Abingdon-on-Thames in the modern county of Oxfordshire in the United Kingdom. Situated near to the River Thames, it was founded in c. 675 AD and was dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus. It was disestablished in 1538 during the dissolution of the monasteries. A few physical remnants of the Abbey buildings survive within Abingdon-on-Thames.
Pteraspis
Pteraspis (from Greek: πτερόν pteron 'wing' or 'fin' and Greek: ἀσπίς aspís 'shield') is an extinct genus of pteraspidid heterostracan jawless fish. It existed from the Lochkovian to Eifelian epochs of the Devonian period in areas that are now the Americas and Europe.

Pteraspidiformes
Pteraspidiformes is an extinct order of heterostracan agnathan vertebrates known from extensive fossil remains primarily from Early Devonian strata of Europe and North America, and from Upper Silurian Canada.
The Mystery of the Blue Diamond
Tintin in India or The Mystery of the Blue Diamond, is a 1941 Belgian theatre piece in three acts written by Hergé and Jacques Van Melkebeke. It features Hergé's famous character, Tintin,  and covers much of the second half of Cigars of the Pharaoh as Tintin attempts to rescue a stolen blue diamond. The events of the story occur within the chronology of Tintin stories, between The Crab with the Golden Claws and The Shooting Star.

Jacques Van Melkebeke
Jacques Van Melkebeke (12 December 1904 – 8 June 1983) was a Belgian painter, journalist, writer, and comic strip writer. He was the first chief editor of Tintin magazine and wrote scripts and articles anonymously for many of their publications.

A friend of Hergé, Van Melkebeke took part in a semi-official way in the development of some of the storylines of The Adventures of Tintin, adding a number of cultural references. He is also supposed to have contributed to certain elements of the Blake and Mortimer series, although Edgar P. Jacobs disputed this fact. Van Melkebeke's personality was one of the main sources of inspiration for the Blake and Mortimer character Philip Angus Mortimer.
Amatikulu Nature Reserve
The Amatikulu Nature Reserve is a wildlife reserve located at the confluence of the Matigulu and Nyoni Rivers in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, operated by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. The reserve covers around 15.72 square kilometers of coastal land and is well known for its rich South African subtropical fauna and flora, in particular birds, giraffe, zebra, waterbuck and various small antelope. The area is also well-known for its crocodile population and Humpback whale sightings which common annually between September and November.

Being located at the Matigulu River mouth, the reserve comprises a diversity of ecosystems, including local South African grassland, coastal lowland forest, beach, coastal dune and estuarine systems.

The reserve is located approximately 10 km from the sugar milling town of Amatikulu.

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (officially, the KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Board) is a governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wildlife conservation areas and biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Their headquarters is in Queen Elizabeth Park situated on the northern slopes of Pietermaritzburg, the KwaZulu-Natal provincial capital. Prior to 1994, it was known as the Natal Parks Board.
Gosannen Station
Gosannen Station (後三年駅, Gosannen-eki) is a railway station in the town of Misato, Akita Prefecture, Japan, operated by JR East. The station name origins from the historic battlefield of Gosannen War in the area. The station includes a parking lot fitting 100 vehicles, a restaurant, and a wholesaler.

Misato, Akita
Misato (美郷町, Misato-chō) is a town located in Akita Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2025, the town had an estimated population of 18,613 in 5,999 households  and a population density of 110 persons per km2. The total area was 168.34 square kilometres (65.00 sq mi).
Busemann–Petty problem
In the mathematical field of convex geometry, the Busemann–Petty problem, introduced by Herbert Busemann and Clinton Myers Petty (1956, problem 1), asks whether it is true that a symmetric convex body with larger central hyperplane sections has larger volume. More precisely, if K, T are symmetric convex bodies in Rn such that

for every hyperplane A passing through the origin, is it true that Voln K ≤ Voln T?

Busemann and Petty showed that the answer is positive if K is a ball. In general, the answer is positive in dimensions at most 4, and negative in dimensions at least 5.

Erwin Lutwak
Erwin Lutwak (born 9 February 1946, Chernivtsi, now Ukraine), is a mathematician. Lutwak is professor emeritus at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University in New York City.  His main research interests are convex geometry and its connections with analysis and information theory.
Gerocarne
Gerocarne (Calabrian: Riuracàrne) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Vibo Valentia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,391 and an area of 44.9 square kilometres (17.3 sq mi).

Gerocarne borders the following municipalities: Arena, Dasà, Dinami, Francica, Mileto, Serra San Bruno, Sorianello, Soriano Calabro, Spadola, Stefanaconi.

Dasà
Dasà (Greek: Dasia) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vibo Valentia in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Vibo Valentia.
Y Sigue La Mata Dando
Y Sigue La Mata Dando (Eng.: And We Keep Doing It) is the title of a studio album released by duranguense ensemble Grupo Montéz de Durango. This album became their second number-one set on the Billboard Top Latin Albums. A special edition was also released including a DVD with music videos and karaoke versions of the songs included, along with biography, discography and photo gallery of the group.

Grupo Montéz de Durango
Grupo Montéz de Durango or Montéz de Durango is a regional Mexican band that specializes in the duranguense genre. They are based in Aurora, Illinois, and are well known in the United States, Mexico and Central America.