hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanislaus Regional Transit Authority
The Stanislaus Regional Transit Authority, branded as The S, is a public transportation bus system serving Modesto, California and surrounding Stanislaus County. It was formed in 2021 from the merger of the Modesto Area Express (MAX) and Stanislaus Regional Transit (StaRT) systems. Most routes connect at the downtown Modesto Transportation Center; the Vintage Faire Mall serves as a secondary hub.

Stanislaus County, California
Stanislaus County (/ˈstænɪslɔː(s)/ ⓘ STAN-iss-law(ss); Spanish: Condado de Estanislao) is a county located in the San Joaquin Valley of the U.S. state of California. As of 2023, its estimated population  is 564,404. The county seat is Modesto.

Stanislaus County makes up the Modesto metropolitan statistical area. The county is located just east of the San Francisco Bay Area and serves as a bedroom community for those who work in the eastern part of the Bay Area.
Layyah
Layyah (Saraiki and Urdu: ليّہ), also spelled as Leiah, is a city in Layyah District of Punjab province of Pakistan. The city is the headquarter of Layyah District and Layyah Tehsil. It is the 75th most populous city of Pakistan.

The main languages spoken in the city include Saraiki, Punjabi, and Urdu.

Layyah District
Layyah District (Saraiki: ضلع ليّہ, Urdu: ضلع ليہ), is a district in the Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the southern part of the province. The city of Layyah is the administrative headquarters of Layyah district. Layyah has a hot, semi-arid climate.
National Airspace System
The National Airspace System (NAS) is the airspace, navigation facilities and airports of the United States along with their associated information, services, rules, regulations, policies, procedures, personnel and equipment. It includes components shared jointly with the military. It is one of the most complex aviation systems in the world, and services air travel in the United States and over large portions of the world's oceans.

Visual flight rules
In aviation, visual flight rules (VFR) is a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than basic VFR weather minima, i.e., in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), as specified in the rules of the relevant aviation authority. The pilot must be able to operate the aircraft with visual reference to the ground, and by visually avoiding obstructions and other aircraft.

If the weather is less than VMC, pilots are required to use instrument flight rules, and operation of the aircraft will be primarily through referencing the instruments rather than visual reference. In a control zone, a VFR flight may obtain a clearance from air traffic control to operate as Special VFR.
Cri du chat syndrome
Cri du chat syndrome is a rare genetic disorder due to a partial chromosome deletion on chromosome 5. Its name is a French term ("cat-cry" or "call of the cat") referring to the characteristic cat-like cry of affected children. It was first described by Jérôme Lejeune in 1963. The condition affects an estimated 1 in 22,000 live births across all ethnicities and is more common in females by a 4:3 ratio.

Single transverse palmar crease
In humans, a single transverse palmar crease is a single crease that extends across the palm of the hand, formed by the fusion of the two palmar creases. Although it is found more frequently in persons with several abnormal medical conditions, it is not predictive of any of these conditions since it is also found in persons with no abnormal medical conditions.

This crease is estimated to occur in 1.5-3% of the general population, although it is more common in East Asian and Native American populations.
Phosphidogermanate
Phosphidogermanates are chemical compounds that have phosphorus bound to germanium to yield anions. They are in the category of phosphidotetrelates and also pnictides. They are analogous to nitridogermanates, phosphidoaluminates, phosphidogallates, phosphidoindates, phosphidosilicates or phosphidostannates.

They are under investigation as infrared non-linear optic materials and solid-state electrolytes.

Nitridogermanate
The nitridogermanates are chemical compounds containing germanium atoms bound to nitrogen. The simplest anion is GeN48−, but these are often condensed, with the elimination of nitrogen.

Nitridogermanates can form quite a few structures. Germanium can be in three different oxidation states. In the +2 oxidation state there is [GeIIN2]4− which has a boomerang shape. The most common is the +4 state with [GeIVN3]5− is a planar three pointed star,  and [GeIVN4]8− as tetrahedra. Condensation of the tetrahedra yields [Ge2 IVN6]10−. The +3 state is rare, and represented by [GeIII 2N6]12− with a covalent bond between the two germanium atoms. A few compounds also contain germanium in negative oxidation states −2 and −4 and so can be considered germanides as well.
Penna River
Penna (originally known as Penneru, also known as Pinakini, Penneru, Penner, Pennar, Pennai) is a river of southern India. After originating from Nandi hills, it flows as two different streams, one in North and South directions. The Penna rises in the Nandi Hills in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka state, and runs north and east through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh to empty into bay of bengal in Andhra Pradesh. It is 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, with a drainage basin covering 55,213 km2: 6,937 km2 in Karnataka and 48,276 km2 in Andhra Pradesh. Along with this main stream is another stream south towards Tamil Nadu with the name Then Pennai or south Pennar which further moves towards the east to empty into the Bay of Bengal. The Penna river basin lies in the rain shadow region of Eastern Ghats and receives 500 mm average rainfall annually.

Siddavatam
Siddhavatam is a village in Kadapa district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Siddavatam mandal of Kadapa revenue division.

This village was initially under the rule of Matli Kings. As the Muslim rulers ruled the South India, it was then brought under the control of the Nawab of Cuddapah. With the advent of British, it was ceded to them by the Nawab. Under the rule of British, Siddavatam served as the headquarters of the district briefly. Currently the city of Cuddapah serves as the headquarters and Siddavatam was reduced to a Mandal in the district.
Bancroft's School
Bancroft's School is a co-educational private day school in Woodford Green, London. The school has around 1,100 pupils aged between 7 and 18, around 250 of whom are pupils of the Preparatory School and 850 of whom are pupils of the Senior School.

The school's alumni, called "Old Bancroftians", include naturalists, poets, academics, politicians, authors, sportsmen, actors, and military figures. These include two recipients of the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest military award for gallantry, Robert Edward Cruickshank and Augustus Charles Newman. More recently, alumni have included Lord Pannick KC, Mike Lynch, Alan Davies, Hari Kunzru, Anita Anand and Andy Saull.

Augustus Newman
Lieutenant Colonel Augustus Charles Newman, VC, OBE, TD, DL (19 August 1904 – 26 April 1972) was a British Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Li Mingzhu
Li Mingzhu (Chinese: 李明珠; born on October 30, 1962) is a Chinese figure skater. She is a World and Olympic figure skating coach. She coached Chen Lu to her World title and her first Olympic bronze medal. Currently, Li works at the East West Ice Palace in Artesia, California.

Her current and former students include Chen Lu, Caroline Zhang, Geng Bingwa, Zhang Kexin, and Li Zijun.

Chen Lu (figure skater)
Chen Lu (simplified Chinese: 陈露; traditional Chinese: 陳露; pinyin: Chén Lù, born 24 November 1976) is a Chinese former figure skater. She is the 1994 and 1998 Olympic bronze medalist and the 1995 World Champion. Chen won the first ever Olympic medal in figure skating for China.
Loja Saarinen
Minna Carolina Mathilde Louise "Loja" Gesellius (March 15, 1879 – April 21, 1968) was a Finnish-American textile artist and sculptor. She founded the weaving department at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan. She also led her own studio, the Studio Loja Saarinen, which designed many of the textiles used in buildings designed by her husband, the architect Eliel Saarinen.

Cranbrook Academy of Art
The Cranbrook Academy of Art, a graduate school for architecture, art, and design, was founded by George Gough Booth and Ellen Scripps Booth in 1932. It is the art school of the Cranbrook Educational Community. Located in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, Cranbrook grants MFA or MArch degrees to students who have completed a two-year course in graphic design, industrial design, interactive design, architecture, ceramic art, fiber art, metalsmithing, painting, photography, print media, or sculpture. Described as an experiment in radical art education, each department is led by an artist-in-residence, who acts as mentor, advisor, and professor to the students in that department. Cranbrook is closely tied to the Arts and Crafts movement in America.
Foul Rift
40°48′27″N 75°06′00″W﻿ / ﻿40.8074°N 75.1°W﻿ / 40.8074; -75.1

Foul Rift is a Class II rapids in the Delaware River from mile 196.3 to 196.7, located about a mile south of Belvidere, New Jersey. The rapids are caused by a 22-foot descent in elevation of the limestone ledge riverbed for approximately 0.5 miles, and are considered to be the most dangerous on the Delaware River. At elevated water levels some of the narrower rapids can become extremely dangerous.

Belvidere, New Jersey
Belvidere is a town in and the county seat of Warren County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 2,520, a decrease of 161 (−6.0%) from the 2010 census count of 2,681, which in turn reflected a decline of 90 (−3.2%) from the 2,771 counted in the 2000 census.

Belvidere was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 7, 1845, from portions of Oxford Township, based on the results of a referendum held that day. The town's name means "beautiful to see" in Italian.
What About Brian
What About Brian? is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dana Stevens and co-produced by J. J. Abrams' company Bad Robot. The series premiered on April 16, 2006, on ABC, as a mid-season replacement and concluded on March 26, 2007. On May 16, 2006, ABC renewed the series for its second and final season, notably making it the only new series to be picked up by the network from the 2005–2006 television season, despite it being the final new series introduced by ABC during the season. The series returned October 9, 2006, with a full 22-episode season confirmed by November 10, 2006. The second season order was subsequently scaled back to 19 episodes by the network.

What About Brian? ended its run after two seasons on March 26, 2007.

Surfer, Dude
Surfer, Dude is a 2008 American comedy film directed by S.R. Bindler and starring Matthew McConaughey.

Woody Harrelson claims the film is the most "non-work" he has ever done. McConaughey and Harrelson, who previously appeared together in EDtv, later co-starred in HBO's True Detective.
Parryøya
Parryøya (English: Parry Island) is southernmost of the three larger islands in Sjuøyane, situated 15 km northeast of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Parryøya is separated from Phippsøya to the north by the 1.3 km wide Straumporten sound and from Chermsideøya to the south by Nordkappsundet. Some five or more skerries south of the island's southern tip Fòreneset are named Fòrenesholmane, and two skerries east of the island are named Skrikholmane (English: Shout Skerries). The islands total area ca. 20 km2.. Highest point Øykollen ca. 400 m.a.s.l.. Area covered with ice: ca. 3%, approximately 0,6 km2. (numbers from 1990).

The island was named after the English explorer William Edward Parry, who visited Spitsbergen during his 1827 expedition to reach the North Pole.

Sjuøyane
Sjuøyane (English: Seven Islands) is the northernmost part of the Svalbard archipelago north of mainland Norway, and some 20 km north of the eastern major island Nordaustlandet. The islands are the northernmost landmass reachable by normal means, being 1024.3 kilometers (637 mi / 553 nm) south of the North Pole. In comparison, Robert Falcon Scott started his ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition 1374 km (742 Nm) from the South Pole. Many of the islands are named after English explorers, most notably Captain Nelson.
Sakkarbaug Zoological Garden
Sakkarbaug Zoological Garden also known as  Sakkarbaug Zoo or Junagadh Zoo is an 84-hectare (210-acre) zoo that opened in 1863 at Junagadh, Gujarat, India. The zoo provides purebred Asiatic lions for the Indian and the international endangered species captive breeding program for the critically endangered species. Wild free ranging Asiatic lions have become extinct over most of Asia and are today found only in the nearby Gir Forest.

Junagadh
Junagadh (જૂનાગઢⓘ) is the city and headquarters of Junagadh district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Located at the foot of the Girnar hills, 355 kilometres (221 mi) southwest of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar (the state capital), it is the seventh largest city in the state.

Literally translated, Junagadh means "Old Fort". It was a part of Saurashtra state and later Bombay state. In 1960, in consequence of the Maha Gujarat movement, it became part of the newly formed Gujarat state.
Willaston Old Hall
Willaston Old Hall is a former manor house in the village of Willaston, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester, England.  The building carries the date 1558, but both the authors of the Buildings of England series, and Figueirdo and Treuherz, argue that this date is too early for the architectural style of the house.  Figueirdo and Treuherz are of the opinion that it was built in the early 17th century for Hugh Bennet.  The house is constructed in red brick and stands on a red sandstone plinth.  It has sandstone dressings and quoins, and a slate roof with stone ball finials.  The entrance front is symmetrical, and consists of five bays, with three storeys.  The central and the outer bays project forward and are gabled.  The windows are mullioned and transomed.  The house is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

Willaston, Cheshire West
Willaston is a village situated on the Wirral Peninsula, in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester, Cheshire, England. Centred on a village green, it is located between Neston and Ellesmere Port, less than a mile south of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral boundary. It is located very closely to Eastham and Bromborough and just a short distance away from Neston.
Mihama Nuclear Power Plant
The Mihama Nuclear Power Plant (美浜発電所, Mihama hatsudensho; Mihama NPP) is operated by The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc. and is in the town of Mihama, Fukui Prefecture, about 320 km west of Tokyo. It is on a site that is 520,000 m2 of which 60% is green space. Mihama - 1 was commissioned in 1970.

Mihama, Fukui
Mihama (美浜町, Mihama-chō) is a town located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2018,  the city had an estimated population of 9,643 in 3175 households and the population density of 63 persons per km2. The total area of the town was  152.35 square kilometres (58.82 sq mi).
Junkers
Junkers Flugzeug- und Motorenwerke AG (JFM, earlier JCO or JKO in World War I, English: Junkers Aircraft and Motor Works) more commonly Junkers [ˈjʊŋkɐs], was a major German aircraft and aircraft engine manufacturer. It was founded in Dessau, Germany, in 1895 by Hugo Junkers, initially manufacturing boilers and radiators.  During World War I and following the war, the company became famous for its pioneering all-metal aircraft. During World War II the company produced the German air force's planes, as well as piston and jet aircraft engines, albeit in the absence of its founder who had been removed by the Nazis in 1934.

Junkers Jumo 204
The Jumo 204 was an opposed-piston, inline, liquid-cooled 6-cylinder aircraft Diesel engine produced by the German manufacturer Junkers. It entered service in 1932. Later engines in the series, the Jumo 205, Jumo 206, Jumo 207 and Jumo 208, differed in stroke, bore, and supercharging arrangements.
James Gregory (mathematician)
James Gregory (November 1638 – October 1675) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. His surname is sometimes spelt as Gregorie, the original Scottish spelling. He described an early practical design for the reflecting telescope – the Gregorian telescope – and made advances in trigonometry, discovering infinite series representations for several trigonometric functions.

In his book Geometriae Pars Universalis (1668) Gregory gave both the first published statement and proof of the fundamental theorem of the calculus (stated from a geometric point of view, and only for a special class of the curves considered by later versions of the theorem), for which he was acknowledged by Isaac Barrow.

Robert Moray
Sir Robert Moray (alternative spellings: Murrey, Murray) FRS (1608 or 1609 – 4 July 1673) was a Scottish soldier, statesman, diplomat, judge, spy, and natural philosopher. He was well known to Charles I and Charles II, and to the French cardinals Armand Richelieu and Jules Mazarin. He attended the meeting of the 1660 committee of 12 on 28 November 1660 that led to the formation of the Royal Society, and was influential in gaining its Royal Charter and formulating its statutes and regulations. He was also one of the founders of modern Freemasonry in Great Britain.
MultiDimensional eXpressions
Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) is a query language for online analytical processing (OLAP) using a database management system. Much like SQL, it is a query language for OLAP cubes.  It is also a calculation language, with syntax similar to spreadsheet formulae.

Query language
A query language, also known as data query language or database query language (DQL), is a computer language used to make queries in databases and information systems. In database systems, query languages rely on strict theory to retrieve information. A well known example is the Structured Query Language (SQL).
The Dregy of Dunbar
The Dregy Of Dunbar also known as Dumbaris Dirige to the King is a humorous poem in Scots and Latin composed by William Dunbar (born 1459 or 1460). at an unknown date.

The Dregy is apparently an appeal to James IV of Scotland asking him to return to Edinburgh from an extended period of residence in Stirling in order to make life more pleasant for his courtiers.

It takes the form of a parody of the Office of the Dead. This ritual was a prayer for the benefit of souls in Purgatory intended to help them into Heaven. Thus, Stirling is comically compared to purgatory and Edinburgh to Heaven.

The unflattering comparison is continued by the poet throughout the work. Stirling is repeatedly depicted as being dull, austere and uncomfortable when compared to the sophisticated pleasures of the capital.

The text is preserved in the Maitland Folio Manuscript and the Bannatyne Manuscript. In the latter it is subtitled Dumbaris dirige to the king bydand ouir lang in Stirling.

Bannatyne Manuscript
The Bannatyne Manuscript is an anthology of literature compiled in Scotland in the sixteenth century. It is an important source for the Scots poetry of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The manuscript contains texts of the poems of the great makars, many anonymous Scots pieces and works by medieval English poets.
Annie Forsyth Wyatt
Annie Forsyth Wyatt (3 January 1885 – 27 May 1961) OBE was an Australian community worker, conservationist and Red Cross worker. She is celebrated as the driving force behind the establishment of the National Trust movement in Australia, establishing the organisation in 1945 to protect Sydney's historic natural and built sites.

As a conservationist, lover of colonial history, and humanitarian, Wyatt observed women working effectively in the community during World War I, and came to believe that women could make a difference in community issues. Over her lifetime she worked for many causes apart from the National Trust of Australia (NSW), including the Red Cross and the NSW Prisoners' Aid Association (for 20 years). She donated the proceeds of her book Doors that slam: a romance of early Sydney, to the Prisoners' Aid Association.

Walter Cresswell O'Reilly
[Walter] Cresswell O'Reilly (6 June 1877 – 20 December 1954) was an Australian public servant who became Chief Commonwealth Film Censor. He "dominated and shaped Australian film censorship" and was able to "define appropriate mass entertainment" for nearly twenty years. He was the founding president of the National Trust of Australia (NSW) and an early urban conservationist.
Whitley County, Indiana
Whitley County is a rural county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 36,825. Whitley County is the 49th most populous county in Indiana. The county seat (and only incorporated city) is Columbia City. The county has the highest county number (92) on Indiana license plates, as it is alphabetically the last in the state's list of counties. It is part of the Fort Wayne Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Fort Wayne–Huntington–Auburn Combined Statistical Area.

Fort Wayne metropolitan area
As of March 2020, the Fort Wayne–Huntington–Auburn Combined Statistical Area (CSA), or Fort Wayne Metropolitan Area, or Northeast Indiana is a federally designated metropolitan area consisting of eight counties in northeast Indiana (Adams, Allen, DeKalb, Huntington, Noble, Steuben, Wells, and Whitley counties), anchored by the city of Fort Wayne.

The CSA is further divided into one metropolitan area (Fort Wayne) and six Micropolitan Areas (Angola, Auburn, Bluffton, Decatur, Huntington, Kendallville). As of the 2020 census, the CSA had a population of 645,409. The Fort Wayne metropolitan area is part of the Northern Indiana region, containing about 2.3 million people, and is considered part of the Great Lakes Megalopolis, which contains an estimated 59 million people.
Business mathematics
Business mathematics are mathematics used by commercial enterprises to record and manage business operations. Commercial organizations use mathematics in accounting, inventory management, marketing, sales forecasting, and financial analysis.

Mathematics typically used in commerce includes elementary arithmetic, elementary algebra, statistics and probability. For some management problems, more advanced mathematics -  calculus, matrix algebra, and linear programming - may be applied.

Master of Economics
The Master of Economics (MEcon or MEc) 



is  a postgraduate master's degree in economics comprising training in economic theory, econometrics, and/or applied economics.
The degree is also offered as a specialized MS  or MSc, MA or MCom In Economics; 
variants are the Master in Economic Sciences (MEconSc), and the Master of Applied Economics.