hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tibeto-Burman languages
The Tibeto-Burman languages are the non-Chinese members of the Sino-Tibetan language family, over 400 of which are spoken throughout the Southeast Asian Massif ("Zomia") as well as parts of East Asia and South Asia. Around 60 million people speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The name derives from the most widely spoken of these languages, Burmese and the Tibetic languages, which also have extensive literary traditions, dating from the 12th and 7th centuries respectively. Most of the other languages are spoken by much smaller communities, and many of them have not been described in detail.

Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some historical linguists criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any shared innovations in phonology or morphology to show that they comprise a clade of the phylogenetic tree.

Hrusish languages
The Hrusish or Southeast Kamengic languages possibly constitute a Sino-Tibetan branch in Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. They are Hruso (Aka) and Mijiic. In Glottolog, Hammarström, et al. does not accept Hrusish, and considers similarities between Hruso and Miji to be due to loanwords.
Hidden shift problem
In quantum computing, the hidden shift problem is a type of oracle-based problem. Various versions of this problem have quantum algorithms which can run much more quickly than known non-quantum methods for the same problem. In its general form, it is equivalent to the hidden subgroup problem for the dihedral group. It is a major open problem to understand how well quantum algorithms can perform for this task, as it can be applied to break lattice-based cryptography.

Hidden subgroup problem
The hidden subgroup problem (HSP) is a topic of research in mathematics and theoretical computer science. It is a generalization of  problems including factoring, discrete logarithm, graph isomorphism, and the shortest vector problem. This makes it especially important in the theory of quantum computing because Shor's algorithms for factoring and finding discrete logarithms in quantum computing are instances of the hidden subgroup problem for finite abelian groups, while the other problems correspond to finite groups that are not abelian.
Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.

Elena Peak
Elena Peak (Bulgarian: връх Елена, romanized: vrah Elena, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ɛˈlɛnɐ]) is a 700 m peak in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.  The peak surmounts Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and Strandzha Glacier to the south, and was named after the Bulgarian town of Elena.

The east slopes of Elena Peak and the north side of Delchev Ridge towards Renier Point, together with the adjacent portion of Sopot Ice Piedmont are a popular site for backcountry skiing and climbing, with skiers landed by Zodiac rigid inflatable boats from cruise ships visiting the Half Moon Island area.
2017–18 Penn Quakers women's basketball team
The 2017–18 Penn Quakers women's basketball team represented the University of Pennsylvania during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Quakers, led by ninth year head coach Mike McLaughlin, play their home games at the Palestra and were members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 22–9, 11–3 to finish in second place. They advanced to the championship game of the Ivy League women's tournament, where they lost to Princeton. They received an automatic trip to the Women's National Invitation Tournament, where they defeated Albany in the first before losing to St. John's in the second round.

2018 Ivy League women's basketball tournament
The 2018 Ivy League women's basketball tournament is a women's college conference tournament held March 10 and 11, 2018, at the Palestra on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Princeton defeated Penn, 63–34, in the championship game to earn the Ivy League's automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA tournament.
Montaldo di Mondovì
Montaldo di Mondovì is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Cuneo.

Montaldo di Mondovì borders the following municipalities: Frabosa Soprana, Monastero di Vasco, Roburent, Torre Mondovì, and Vicoforte.

Torre Mondovì
Torre Mondovì is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 521 and an area of 18.5 square kilometres (7.1 sq mi).

Torre Mondovì borders the following municipalities: Monasterolo Casotto, Montaldo di Mondovì, Pamparato, Roburent, San Michele Mondovì, and Vicoforte.
Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
Jatindra Mohan Sengupta (22 February 1885 – 23 July 1933) was an Indian revolutionary against British rule. He was arrested several times by the British police. In 1933, he died in a prison located in Ranchi, India.

Sengupta studied at Hare School, Calcutta, and Presidency College, Calcutta. After that he travelled to England, where he studied law at Downing College, Cambridge. During his stay there, he met and married Edith Ellen Gray, later known as Nellie Sengupta. He was elected president of the Cambridge Majlis in 1908. After returning to India, he started a legal practice. He also joined in Indian politics, becoming a member of the Indian National Congress and participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement. Eventually, he gave up his legal practice in favour of his political commitment.

Nellie Sengupta
Nellie Sengupta (née Edith Ellen Gray; 12 January 1886 – 23 October 1973) was an English-Indian politician and social worker who fought for Indian Independence. She was the first woman Alderman for Calcutta and was elected president of the Indian National Congress at its 48th annual session at Calcutta in 1933.
Heideroosjes
Heideroosjes (pronounced: hi-duh-rose-yes, HR in short), are a Dutch punk rock band from Horst aan de Maas. The band are known for their energetic shows and songs with lyrics mostly in Dutch and English, and a few songs in German and Limburgish (a dialect spoken in the Dutch province of Limburg). The band, formed in 1989, consisted of Marco Roelofs (vocals/guitar), Frank Kleuskens (guitar), Fred Houben (bass) and Igor Hobus (percussion). This lineup has not changed.

Heideroosjes played nearly 1500 shows in Europe, the United States, Japan and South Africa.

Horst aan de Maas
Horst aan de Maas (Dutch: [ˈɦɔrst aːn də ˈmaːs] ⓘ; Limburgish: Haors aan de Maos [ˈɦɔːʀs aːn də ˈmɔːs]) is a municipality in the southeastern Netherlands, in the province of Limburg. In 2010 the municipalities Sevenum and part of Meerlo-Wanssum joined the municipality.
Wellington Cable Car
The Wellington Cable Car (Māori: Te Waka Taura o Pōneke) is a funicular railway in Wellington, New Zealand. The route is between Lambton Quay, the main shopping street in the central city, and Kelburn, a suburb in the hills overlooking the central city and Wellington Harbour. The cable car route rises 120 m (394 ft) over a length of 609 m (1,998 ft).

The one way trip takes approximately five minutes. The Wellington Cable Car is widely recognised as a top visitor attraction in Wellington.

Cable car (railway)
A cable car (usually known as a cable tram outside North America) is a type of cable railway used for mass transit in which rail cars are hauled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed. Individual cars stop and start by releasing and gripping this cable as required. Cable cars are distinct from funiculars, where the cars are permanently attached to the cable.
Thacher Island National Wildlife Refuge
Thacher Island National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located on Thacher Island near Rockport, Massachusetts.  It is managed under the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge.  The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service currently does not offer any interpretive facilities or programs at Thacher Island Refuge. A foot trail meanders through shrub/thicket, rocky outcrop and other island habitats and affords opportunities to observe and/or photograph birds and other island and offshore wildlife.

The refuge has a surface area of 22 acres (0.089 km2).

Rockport, Massachusetts
Rockport is a seaside town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,992 in 2020. Rockport is located approximately 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Boston, at the tip of the Cape Ann peninsula. Rockport borders Gloucester to its west, and is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean in all other directions.

Part of the town comprises the census-designated place of Rockport.
Staple Hill, Gloucestershire
Staple Hill is a suburb of Bristol, England, lying outside the city boundary in South Gloucestershire, in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire. It is directly east of Fishponds, south of Downend, west of Mangotsfield and north of Soundwell.

Fishponds
Fishponds is a suburb in the north-east of the English city of Bristol, about 3 miles (5 km) from the city centre. It is mainly residential, and housing is typically terraced Victorian. It has a small student population from the presence of the Glenside campus of the University of the West of England.

Fishponds is home to Oldbury Court, a Victorian landscaped park. The River Frome runs through the area with the Frome Valley Walkway alongside it. A restored mill found at Snuff Mills has kept its original waterwheel, which can still be seen and heard turning. To the south-west of the neighbourhood is Eastville Park.

The name Fishponds derives from former quarries which upon abandonment became large fishponds.
Nubkhaes
Nubkhaes {nbw-ḫꜥ⸗s} was a queen in ancient Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period. Several of her family members were officials during the late 13th Dynasty. Her name means The Gold [=Hathor] appearsand she held the titles Great Royal Wife and the one united with the beauty of the white crown.

She is so far only known from her family stela now in the Louvre and a few later references. The stela is the main monument of the queen. Here is mentioned her father Dedusobek Bebi and other family members, many of them high court officials. These are all datable to about the time of king Sobekhotep IV. The husband of the queen is not mentioned on the stela, but it is assumed that he was one of the successors of Sobekhotep IV, as his wife is known and Nubkhaes belongs to a generation after Sobekhotep IV. Khonsoukhoufsy Renseneb was a daughter of the queen. She married a vizier coming from Elkab.

Great Royal Wife
Great Royal Wife, or alternatively, Chief King's Wife (Ancient Egyptian: ḥmt nswt wrt) is the title that was used to refer to the principal wife of the pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, who served many official functions.
British Virgin Islands national rugby union team
The British Virgin Islands national rugby union team represents the British Virgin Islands in international rugby union. The nation are a member of the International Rugby Board (IRB) and have yet to play in a Rugby World Cup tournament. The British Virgin Islands played their first international in 1996 – losing to Barbados 17 – 0.

The British Virgin Islands compete in the NACRA Caribbean Championship, a tournament which includes Antigua, Trinidad and Tobago, the Cayman Islands, Jamaica, the Bahamas, Bermuda, and Guyana.

Bermuda national rugby union team
The Bermuda national rugby union team represents Bermuda in the sport of rugby union. Bermuda are the current Caribbean Champions 2019 although they have thus far not played in a Rugby World Cup, but have participated in qualifying tournaments.
2011–12 Liga Națională (men's handball)
The 2011–12 Liga Națională was the 54th season of Romanian Handball League, the top-level men's professional handball league. The league comprises 14 teams. HCM Constanța were the defending champions, for the fourth time in a row.

CSM Constanța (men's handball)
CSM Constanța is a handball team from Constanța, Romania, that competes in the Romanian Liga Națională. Formed in July 2015 as HC Dobrogea Sud Constanța after the dissolution of HCM Constanța (due to the high debts that the club had accumulated), the team merged in 2022 with the newly formed multi-sports club CSM Constanța, as its men's handball section.  After one year in the second division (the 2015-16 season), the team was promoted to the Liga Națională.
Arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifold
In mathematics, more precisely in group theory and hyperbolic geometry, Arithmetic Kleinian groups are a special class of Kleinian groups constructed using orders in quaternion algebras. They are particular instances of arithmetic groups. An arithmetic hyperbolic three-manifold is the quotient of hyperbolic space  by an arithmetic Kleinian group.

Arithmetic group
In mathematics, an arithmetic group is a group obtained as the integer points of an algebraic group, for example  They arise naturally in the study of arithmetic properties of quadratic forms and other classical topics in number theory. They also give rise to very interesting examples of Riemannian manifolds and hence are objects of interest in differential geometry and topology. Finally, these two topics join in the theory of automorphic forms which is fundamental in modern number theory.
East Molokai Volcano
The East Molokai Volcano, sometimes also known as Wailau for the Wailau valley on its north side, is an extinct shield volcano comprising the eastern two-thirds of the island of Molokaʻi in the U.S. state of Hawaii.

Wailau
Wailau is an isolated valley on the North Shore of the island of Molokai, Hawaii, It can be reached by boat (only in the summer), helicopter or by Wailau Trail from the southeast shore of the island which is heavily overgrown and virtually impassable in places.

The valley was an ancient ahupuaa, and well-populated until the 19th century, and contained many taro plantations.  The valley is nearly unpopulated today, although Molokai residents occasionally camp by the beach at the mouth of the valley in the summer.
Nasakom
Nasakom (Indonesian: Nasionalisme, Agama, Komunisme), which stands for nationalism, religion and communism, was a political concept coined by President Sukarno. This concept prevailed in Indonesia from 1959 during the Guided Democracy Era until the New Order, in 1966. Sukarno's idea of Nasakom was an attempt to unify various political ideologies. Nasakom attempted to unite the nationalist, religious, and communist groups that at that time had the most power in Indonesian politics.

Pancasila (politics)
Pancasila (Indonesian: [pantʃaˈsila] ⓘ) is the official, foundational philosophical theory within socialism that became the ideology of Indonesia. The name is made from two words originally derived from Sanskrit: pañca 'five' and śīla 'principles; precepts'.

It is composed of five principles:

Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa (belief in the one and only God)

Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab (just and civilized humanity)

Persatuan Indonesia (the unity of Indonesia)

Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan (democracy guided by the inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberations among representatives)

Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia (social justice for all the people of Indonesia)

The legal formulation of Pancasila is contained within the fourth paragraph of the preamble of the Constitution of Indonesia.
Derwentia (amphibian)
Derwentia is an extinct genus of trematosaurian temnospondyl within the family Rhytidosteidae. It is known from a single skull found from the Knocklofty Sandstone of Tasmania, which is Early Triassic in age.

Knocklofty Formation
The Knocklofty Formation is an Early Triassic geologic formation from southern Tasmania, Australia, belonging to the Induan stage. It was deposited in a terrestrial, freshwater environment, and is primarily composed of shale and sandstone.
Chloroalkyl ether
Chloroalkyl ethers are a class of organic compounds with the general structure R-O-(CH2)n-Cl, characterized as an ether connected to a chloromethyl group via an alkane chain.

Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME) is an ether with the formula CH3OCH2Cl. It is used as an alkylating agent and industrial solvent to manufacture dodecylbenzyl chloride, water repellents, ion-exchange resins, polymers, and as a chloromethylation reagent. In organic synthesis the compound is used for the introduction of the methoxymethyl (MOM) protecting group.

Closely related compounds of industrial importance are bis(chloromethyl) ether (BCME) (closely related to chemical weapon sulfur mustard) and benzyl chloromethyl ether (BOMCl).

Methoxymethyl ethers (MOMs) and methoxyethyl ethers (MEMs) are common protecting groups in organic synthesis.

Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME) is a compound with formula CH3OCH2Cl.  A colorless liquid, it is a chloroalkyl ether.  It is used as an alkylating agent. In organic synthesis, it is used for introducing the methoxymethyl ether (MOM) protecting group, and is thus often called MOM-Cl or MOM chloride.  It also finds application as a chloromethylating agent in some variants of the Blanc chloromethylation.
Mario Russotto
Mario Russotto (23 July 1957) is a Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained priest on 29 June 1981 by bishop Angelo Rizzo. He was appointed bishop of Caltanissetta on 2 August 2003 by Pope John Paul II and consecrated on 27 September 2003 by cardinal Salvatore De Giorgi.

Diocese of Caltanissetta
The Diocese of Caltanissetta (Latin: Dioecesis Calatanisiadensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Sicily. The city is located 40 mi (53 km) northeast of Agrigento, and some 32 mi (50 km) northwest of Piazza Armerina. From 1844 to 2000, the diocese belonged to the ecclesiastical province of Monreale. The diocese has been a suffragan of the archdiocese of Agrigento since 2000.
Levitha
Levitha (Greek: Λέβιθα), known in classical antiquity as Lebinthus or Lebinthos (Ancient Greek: Λέβινθος) is a small  Greek island located in the east of the Aegean Sea, between Kinaros and Kalymnos, part of the Dodecanese islands. It is part of the municipality of Leros. The island is mentioned in two of Ovid's works Ars Amatoria and the Metamorphoses in connection with the saga of Daedalus and Icarus. While escaping from Crete, Daedalus and Icarus flew over Lebinthus. Besides Ovid, the island is noted by the ancient authors Pliny the Elder, Pomponius Mela, Strabo, and Stephanus of Byzantium. In addition, it is mentioned in the Stadiasmus Maris Magni.

As of 2009, the population of the island is five with a family of two children and their grandmother. The total area of the island is 9.2 square kilometres (4 sq mi) and its total coastline is 34 kilometres (21 miles).

Dodecanese
The Dodecanese (UK: /ˌdoʊdɪkəˈniːz/, US: /doʊˌdɛkəˈniːz/; Greek: Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa [ðoðeˈkanisa], lit. 'twelve islands') are a group of 15 larger and 150 smaller Greek islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea and Eastern Mediterranean, off the coast of Anatolia, of which 26 are inhabited. This island group generally defines the eastern limit of the Sea of Crete. They belong to the wider Southern Sporades island group.

Rhodes has been the area's dominant island since antiquity. Of the others, Kos and Patmos are historically the most important; the remaining 12 are Agathonisi, Astypalaia, Halki, Kalymnos, Karpathos, Kasos, Leipsoi, Leros, Nisyros, Symi, Tilos, and Megisti. Other islands in the chain include Alimia, Arkoi, Farmakonisi, Gyali, Kinaros, Levitha, Marathos, Nimos, Pserimos, Saria, Strongyli and Syrna.
Special Warfare Combat Crewmen
The Special Warfare Combat Crewmen (SWCC /ˈsjuːɪk/) are United States Naval Special Warfare Command personnel who operate and maintain small craft for special operations missions, particularly those of U.S. Navy SEALs. Their rating is Special Warfare Boat Operator (SB).

Prospective SWCC sailors go through a special training program at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado, where they learn boating and weapons tactics, techniques, and procedures that focus on clandestine infiltration and exfiltration of SEALs and other special operations forces. SWCCs employ their specialized training, equipment, and tactics conducting missions worldwide, both independently and in support of US and foreign special operations forces (SOF).

Mark V Special Operations Craft
The Mark V SOC (Special Operations Craft) was a marine security, patrol and special forces insertion boat used by the United States Navy and manufactured by VT Halter Marine Inc (Gulfport, Mississippi). It was introduced into service with the US Navy SEALs in 1995. It was removed from service in 2013.

It is commonly referred to as the "Mark V.1 Patrol Boat" in official U.S. Navy documents.
Deinococcus radiodurans
Deinococcus radiodurans is a bacterium, an extremophile and one of the most radiation-resistant organisms known. It can survive cold, dehydration, vacuum, and acid, and therefore is known as a polyextremophile. The Guinness Book Of World Records listed it in January 1998 as the world's most radiation-resistant bacterium or lifeform.

Several bacteria of comparable radioresistance are known, including some species of the genus Chroococcidiopsis (phylum cyanobacteria) and some species of Rubrobacter (phylum Actinomycetota); among the archaea, the species Thermococcus gammatolerans shows comparable radioresistance.

J. Craig Venter Institute
32°52′09″N 117°14′35″W﻿ / ﻿32.869107°N 117.243037°W﻿ / 32.869107; -117.243037
The J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) is a non-profit genomics research institute founded by J. Craig Venter, Ph.D. in October 2006. The institute was the result of consolidating four organizations: the Center for the Advancement of Genomics, The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR), the Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, and the J. Craig Venter Science Foundation Joint Technology Center. It has facilities in Rockville, Maryland, and San Diego, California.

The institute studies the societal implications of genomics in addition to genomics itself. The institute's research involves genomic medicine; environmental genomic analysis; clean energy; synthetic biology; and ethics, law, and economics. The institute employs over 200 people, including Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith. It was sold to the University of California, San Diego, in 2022.
Rosickýite
Rosickyite is a rare native element mineral that is a polymorph of sulfur. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system and is a high temperature, high density polymorph. It occurs as soft, colorless to pale yellow crystals and efflorescences.

It was first described in 1930 for an occurrence in Havirna, near Letovice, Moravia, Czech Republic.  It was named for Vojtĕch Rosický (1880–1942), of Masaryk University, Brno.

Rosickyite occurs as in Death Valley within an evaporite layer produced by a microbial community. The otherwise unstable polymorph was produced and stabilized within a cyanobacteria dominated layer.

Native element mineral
Native element minerals are those elements that occur in nature in uncombined form with a distinct mineral structure. The elemental class includes metals, intermetallic compounds, alloys, metalloids, and nonmetals. The Nickel–Strunz classification system also includes the naturally occurring phosphides, silicides, nitrides, carbides, and arsenides.