hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GNS Science
GNS Science (Māori: Te Pū Ao), officially registered as the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited, is a New Zealand Crown Research Institute. It focuses on geology, geophysics (including seismology and volcanology), and nuclear science (particularly ion-beam technologies, isotope science and carbon dating). On 1 July 2025 GNS Science became part of the new Public Research Organisation Earth Sciences New Zealand.

Crown Research Institute
In New Zealand, Crown Research Institutes (CRIs) are corporatised Crown entities charged with conducting scientific research. In January 2025, Prime Minister Christopher Luxon announced plans to merge the existing crown research institutes into three new Public Research Organisations (PROs).
Normal form (abstract rewriting)
In abstract rewriting, an object is in normal form if it cannot be rewritten any further, i.e. it is irreducible. Depending on the rewriting system, an object may rewrite to several normal forms or none at all. Many properties of rewriting systems relate to normal forms.

Calculus of constructions
In mathematical logic and computer science, the calculus of constructions (CoC) is a type theory created by Thierry Coquand. It can serve as both a typed programming language and as constructive foundation for mathematics. For this second reason, the CoC and its variants have been the basis for Rocq and other proof assistants.

Some of its variants include the calculus of inductive constructions (which adds inductive types), the calculus of (co)inductive constructions (which adds coinduction), and the predicative calculus of inductive constructions (which removes some impredicativity).
Kingdom Caledonian Amateur Football Association
The Kingdom Caledonian Amateur Football Association (KCAFA) was a football (soccer) league competition for amateur clubs in the Fife area of Scotland. It was formed in 1984 when the top sides from the East Fife A.F.A. and the Kirkcaldy & District A. F. L. broke away and amalgamated with the aim of creating a highly competitive league with fewer games in an effort to raise the quality and the profile of amateur football in Fife. The association was affiliated to the Scottish Amateur Football Association.

The association was composed of one single division, the Kingdom Caledonian Football League. The league folded in 2017 and merged with the Fife Amateur Football Association to create the Kingdom of Fife AFA.

Kingdom of Fife AFA
The Kingdom of Fife AFA is a football league competition for amateur clubs in the Fife peninsula of Scotland. The league was created in 2017 with the merger of the Kingdom Caledonian Amateur Football Association and Fife Amateur Football Association. The association is affiliated to the Scottish Amateur Football Association and for the 2024/25 season had 28 clubs across three divisions.
Kathmandu University
Kathmandu University (KU) (Nepali: काठमाण्डौ विश्वविद्यालय) is an autonomous university in Nepal. It is the third oldest university in Nepal, located in Dhulikhel of Kavrepalanchok District, about 30 km (19 mi) east of Kathmandu. It was established in 1991 with the motto "Quality Education for Leadership." KU operates through its seven schools, and campuses in Dhulikhel, Lalitpur and Panchkhal. The university offers undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate courses in a variety of fields.

Dhulikhel
Dhulikhel is a municipality in Kavrepalanchok District of Nepal. Two major highways, the B.P. Highway and the Araniko Highway pass through Dhulikhel. Araniko Highway connects Kathmandu, Nepal's capital city with Tibet's border town of Kodari. Dhulikhel is located at the Eastern rim of Kathmandu Valley, south of the Himalayas at 1550m above sea level and is situated 30 km southeast of Kathmandu and 74 km southwest of Kodari. The majority of people in Dhulikhel are Newars, and Brahmin, Chhettri, Tamang and Dalit are also living in outer area of the town. Drinking water in Dhulikhel is some of the best water in Nepal. It was made with the help of the German NGO German Technical Cooperation.
Brunswick Books
Brunswick Books (formerly Fernwood Books) is a Canadian academic publishing company, founded in 1978 and headquartered in Toronto. It is primarily a book marketing and sales company for Canadian universities. It describes its aim as "to provide progressive books from progressive publishers to progressive people."

The company markets and sells books on behalf of

Between the Lines

Charivari Press

Demeter Press

Fernwood Publishing

Inanna Publications

JCharlton Publishing

Merlin Press

Monthly Review Press

Pambazuka Press

Purich Publishing

Pluto Books

Roseway Publishing

Red Quill Books

Arbeiter Ring Publishing

Cape Breton University Press

Waves of the Future

Zed Books

Brush Education Inc.

University of Regina Press

Inanna Publications
Inanna Publications and Education Inc. is a Canadian book publisher based in Toronto, Ontario. Inanna publishes women's writing, including a journal, literary fiction, poetry, and academic books. Inanna's books are on a wide variety of feminist topics accessible to the largest possible community of women. Inanna "is bucking the trend – and flourishing." Most of Inanna Publications' books are collected at Harvard Library. Inanna's writers have won several Independent Publisher Book Awards and Canadian Jewish Book Awards, and have been shortlisted for the League of Canadian Poets's Raymond Souster Award, the Western Mail (Wales) Book of the Year, the Lambda Literary Foundation awards, and have been among the Toronto Book Award finalists.
Boa Vista Island Opening Tournament
The Boa Vista Island Opening Tournament (Portuguese: Torneio de Abertura da Boa Vista, Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Turnéu di Abertura di Bubista), is an opening tournament competition (equivalent to a league cup) played during the season in the island of Boa Vista, Cape Verde  The competition is organized by the Boa Vista Regional Football Association.  Some seasons featured rounds of one portion, some seasons featured three rounds and two groups with the top club of each group in the final match.  It currently consists of seven rounds, a meeting with another club once.  The winner with the most points (sometimes in the final) is the winner.

The first edition took place in 2000 and was the second regional competition after the championships.

Boa Vista Regional Football Association
Boa Vista Regional Football Association (Portuguese: Associação Regional de Futebol da Boa Vista, abbreviation: ARFBV,) is a football (soccer) association covering the island of Boa Vista .  It is headquartered in the island capital of Sal Rei  The association are one of six in Cape Verde that covers only one municipality.  It is the sublevel of the Capeverdean Football Federation.

The championship only has a single division where eight clubs participate, a club with the most points promotes into the regional premier division the following season while the last placed club from the regional premier division relegates into the second division the following season.  Uncertain that the regional championship will have two divisions as a possible club addition could occur.  It is likely that a single level competition is going to be kept for the following season.
2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The season began on September 1, 2011, and concluded with the 2012 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game on January 7, 2012, at Pizza Hut Park in Frisco, Texas. North Dakota State won their first FCS championship, defeating Sam Houston State by a final score of 17–6.

2011 North Dakota State Bison football team
The 2011 North Dakota State Bison football team represented North Dakota State University in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Bison were led by ninth year head coach Craig Bohl and played their home games at the Fargodome. They are a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference. They finished the season 14–1, 7–1 in MVFC play to share the conference title with Northern Iowa.

The Bison received the conference's automatic bid into the FCS playoffs, their second FCS playoff bid in school history, where they advanced to the National Championship Game and defeated Sam Houston State to win their first FCS National Championship and their first national championship since 1990 when they won the Division II championship.
Sir Henry Bellingham, 4th Baronet
Sir Alan Henry Bellingham, 4th Baronet, (23 August 1846 – 9 June 1921) was an Anglo-Irish Conservative Member of Parliament. He was Justice of the Peace, High Sheriff of Louth and Lord Lieutenant of Louth. He was Senator of the Royal University of Ireland and Private Chamberlain to popes Pius IX, Leo XIII and Pius X. He was the father of the diplomat Sir Edward Bellingham, 5th Bt. and the uncle of Sir Evelyn Wrench, editor of The Spectator.

Castlebellingham
Castlebellingham (Irish: Baile an Ghearlánaigh) is a village and townland in County Louth, Ireland. The population of Castlebellingham-Kilsaran (named for the two townlands which make up the census area) increased from 721 inhabitants as of the 2002 census to 1,126 people as of the 2016 census.
Communist League (UK, 1990)
The Communist League was a small Trotskyist organisation in Britain.  Better known as Movement for a Socialist Future, it split from the Marxist Party in 1990, claiming to hold more closely to the ideas of Gerry Healy, who had died the previous year. In 1994, it published a strongly positive biography of Healy, with a foreword by Ken Livingstone. The same year, it founded a small international organisation, which it declared the Fifth International of Communists. It produced the magazine Socialist Future Review.

The group decided to orient itself towards the anti-capitalist movement and published a book entitled A World to Win.  In June 2005, it dissolved itself into a group calling itself A World to Win.

Marxist Party
The Marxist Party was a tiny Trotskyist political party in the United Kingdom.  It was formed as a split from Sheila Torrance's Workers Revolutionary Party in 1987 by Gerry Healy and supporters including Vanessa and Corin Redgrave.  At first, it was also known as the Workers Revolutionary Party, but it renamed itself later in the year.  The party also maintained its own version of the International Committee of the Fourth International, although this was moribund by the late 1990s.

After the death of Healy in 1989, the party declined, and in 1990 expelled a group which became the Communist League.

The group, which called for support for the Liberal Democrats in the 2001 UK general election, published The Marxist magazine.  They also famously owned Trotsky's death mask.

In April 2004, the Marxist Party announced its dissolution.  The Redgraves then announced the formation of a new group named the Peace and Progress Party, supporting liberal principles of human rights.
Ellis Evans (priest)
Raymond Ellis Evans (10 August 1908 – 30 December 1983) was Dean of Monmouth from 1953 to 1975.

Evans was educated at St David's College, Lampeter, and St John's College, Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1934 and priest in 1935. After curacies in Penmaen and Newport he held incumbencies at Blackwood and Bettws before his long ministry as dean.

Newport Cathedral
Newport Cathedral (Welsh: Eglwys Gaderiol Casnewydd/Cadeirlan Casnewydd), also known as St Gwynllyw's or St Woolos' Cathedral, is the cathedral of the Diocese of Monmouth within the Church in Wales, and the seat of the Bishop of Monmouth. Its official title is Newport Cathedral Church of St Woolos, King and Confessor. The English name, Woolos, is an anglicisation of the Welsh name Gwynllyw.: 280

It became a cathedral in 1949 and while it is the size of a large parish church rather than a typical cathedral, its history and development from the sixth to the twentieth century make it arguably one of the most interesting religious buildings in Wales.: 159
Hasland
Hasland is a suburb of Chesterfield in the Borough of Chesterfield in Derbyshire, England. Hasland is located south of Spital, east of Birdholme and north of Grassmoor. Hasland ward had a population of 6,615 on the 2011 Census. Despite the name, most of Hasland is not included in the parish  of Grassmoor, Hasland and Winsick, in North East Derbyshire, which lies to the south of the suburb.

Borough of Chesterfield
The Borough of Chesterfield is a non-metropolitan district with borough status in Derbyshire, England. It is named after the town of Chesterfield, its largest town, and also contains the town of Staveley and the villages of Barrow Hill, Brimington, Duckmanton, Hollingwood, New Whittington, Netherthorpe, Old Whittington and Tapton. In 2022 it had a population of 104,110.

The borough borders the North East Derbyshire district to the north, west and south, and the Bolsover district to the east.
Emperor Shizong of Liao
Emperor Shizong of Liao (29 January 919 – 7 October 951), personal name Wuyu, sinicised name Yelü Ruan, was the third emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. He was the son of Yelü Bei, the eldest son of Abaoji (Emperor Taizu), the founder of the Liao dynasty. He ascended to the imperial throne in 947 after the death of his uncle, Emperor Taizong, who raised him in his father's absence.

Shulü Ping
Shulü Ping (Chinese: 述律平; 19 October 879 – 1 August 953), nickname Yueliduo (月里朵), formally Empress Yingtian (simplified Chinese: 应天皇后; traditional Chinese: 應天皇后) also known as Empress Di (地皇后) during the reign of her husband Emperor Taizu of Liao (Yelü Abaoji), posthumous name initially Empress Zhenlie (貞烈皇后, "the virtuous and achieving empress") then Empress Chunqin (淳欽皇后, "the pure and honoured empress") was an empress of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. After Emperor Taizu's death in 926, she served as empress dowager until her death in 953. She was directly involved in two imperial successions and is credited with changing expectations of widows in Khitan society.
Damiano Damiani
Damiano Damiani (23 July 1922 – 7 March 2013) was an Italian screenwriter, film director, actor and writer. Poet and director Pier Paolo Pasolini referred to him as "a bitter moralist hungry for old purity", while film critic Paolo Mereghetti said that his style made him "the most American of Italian directors".

In 1946, Damiani became part of the so-called Group of Venice with Fernando Carcupino, Hugo Pratt and Dino Battaglia.

Lipstick (1960 film)
Il rossetto (internationally released as Lipstick) is a 1960 Italian crime-drama film directed by Damiano Damiani in his feature film debut, after two documentaries and several screenplays. The film's plot was loosely inspired by actual events. Pietro Germi reprised, with very slight modifications, the character he played in The Facts of Murder.
Swell Court Farmhouse, Fivehead
Swell Court Farmhouse in Swell Lane, Fivehead, Somerset, England dates from the 15th century and has been designated as a Grade I listed building.

It is adjacent to Church of St Catherine, Fivehead which is also Grade I listed.

St Catherine's Church, Fivehead
The Church of St Catherine in Swell Lane, Fivehead, Somerset, England dates from the 12th century and has been designated as a Grade I listed building.

It has a three-bay nave and two bay chancel. The vane is supported by buttresses. The door in the south porch has a Norman, Romanesque chevron arch.

The six bells were restored in 2007. The interior includes a Norman font and has a Jacobean pulpit from 1634.

The church is adjacent to Swell Court Farmhouse which is also Grade I listed. In the churchyard are two chest tombs, one dated 1619, which are also listed buildings.

The parish is within the benefice of Curry Rivel with Fivehead and Swell which is part of the Diocese of Bath and Wells.
Tere Tille Ton
Tere Tille Ton (Punjabi: ਤੇਰੇ ਟਿੱਲੇ ਤੋਂ) is a kali released in 1976 on Kuldeep Manak's first LP, Ik Tara, by His Master's Voice. The music was composed by Kesar Singh Narula and the lyrics were penned by Hardev Dilgir (also known as Dev Tharike Wala). Zaheer Ahmad, the record manager of HMV, delayed its release by one year as he was suggested that the record will not do so well. Finally, on the request of Manak and Hardev, the record was released in limited copies and was a huge success.

Ik Tara
Ik Tara (Punjabi: ਇਕ ਤਾਰਾ), also spelled as Iktara or sometimes Ektara', was the first LP record of Kuldeep Manak released by His Master's Voice in 1976. It was released after about one year of recording as the record manager of His Master's Voice, Zaheer Ahmad, delayed its release as he was frightened the record would not do well in the market.
Dachi, Fujian
Dachi (Chinese: 大池; pinyin: Dàchí) is a town in Xinluo District, Longyan, Fujian, China, located about 23 kilometres (14 mi) from downtown Longyan along China National Highway 319. As of 2018, it has 13 villages under its administration. Yajin Village, Hongxie Village, Beixi Village, Jiuliyang Village, Dadong Village, Xiudong Village, Xiyang Village, Dashan Village, Nanyan Village, Huangmei Village, Dahe Village, Hejia Village, Zhuhe Village.

Xinluo, Longyan
Xinluo District (simplified Chinese: 新罗区; traditional Chinese: 新羅區; pinyin: Xīnluó Qū; Hakka: Sîn-lò-khî) is a district of Longyan, Fujian Province, China, with a population of approximately 842,000.

It was formerly named Longyan County (龙岩县).

As Xinluo is a part of the Minnan Hokkien territory, the Longyan dialect is spoken widely by the native Hokkien locals in the district, but Mandarin is the primary language for education and business.
Neumünster station
Neumünster station is the main railway station of the town of Neumünster in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It is at the junction of lines to Flensburg, Heide, Hamburg-Altona,  Kiel, Bad Oldesloe, Kaltenkirchen and until 1985 Ascheberg. It is currently operated by Deutsche Bahn, which classifies it as a category 2 station.

Neumünster
Neumünster (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˈmʏnstɐ] ⓘ) is a city in the middle of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. With more than 79,000 registered inhabitants, it is the fourth-largest municipality in Schleswig-Holstein (behind Kiel, Lübeck and Flensburg). The Holstenhallen and the Stadthalle make the city an important trade fair location.
Cyclopentadienylthallium
Cyclopentadienylthallium, also known as thallium cyclopentadienide, is an organothallium compound with formula C5H5Tl. This light yellow solid is insoluble in most organic solvents, but sublimes readily.  It is used as a precursor to transition metal and main group cyclopentadienyl complexes, as well as organic cyclopentadiene derivatives.

Organothallium chemistry
Organothallium compounds are compounds that contain the carbon-thallium bond. The area is not well developed because of the lack of applications and the high toxicity of thallium. The behavior of organothallium compounds can be inferred from that of organogallium and organoindium compounds. Organothallium(III) compounds are more numerous than organothallium(I) compounds.
2021 Orange, California office shooting
33°50′07″N 117°51′14″W﻿ / ﻿33.8352°N 117.8538°W﻿ / 33.8352; -117.8538

On March 31, 2021, a mass shooting occurred at an office complex in Orange, California, United States. Four people were killed, including a child, and a fifth person was critically wounded. The suspect was critically injured following a shootout with responding police officers and taken into custody.

Orange, California
Orange is a city located in northern Orange County, California, United States. It is approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) north of the county seat, Santa Ana. Orange is unusual in this region because many of the homes in its Old Town District were built before 1920. While many other cities in the region demolished such houses in the 1960s, Orange decided to preserve them. The small city of Villa Park is surrounded by the city of Orange. The population of Orange was 139,911 as of 2020.
Adrienne McNeil Herndon
Adrienne Elizabeth McNeil Herndon (1869–1910) was an actress, professor, and activist in Atlanta, Georgia. While admittedly an African American to friends and colleagues, she performed with the stage name Anne Du Bignon. She was one of the first African American faculty at Atlanta University, where she was a peer of W. E. B. Du Bois. She was married to prominent businessman Alonzo Herndon.

Alonzo Herndon
Alonzo "Lon" Franklin Herndon (June 26, 1858 Walton County, Georgia – July 21, 1927) was an African-American entrepreneur and businessman in Atlanta, Georgia. Born into slavery, he became one of the first African American millionaires in the United States, first achieving success by owning and operating three large barber shops in the city that served prominent white men. In 1905 he became the founder and president of what he built to be one of the United States' most well-known and successful African-American businesses, the Atlanta Family Life Insurance Company (Atlanta Life).
Riga–Jelgava Railway
The Riga–Jelgava Railway is a 43 kilometres (27 mi) long, 1,524 mm (5 ft) gauge railway built in the 19th century to connect the cities of Riga and Jelgava. In 1872, an extension was built from Jelgava to Mažeikiai, which connected Riga–Jelgava Railway to the Libava–Romny Railway.

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
Persian Risk
Persian Risk are a Welsh heavy metal band from the new wave of British heavy metal era formed in 1979 and hailing from Cardiff, Wales. The brainchild of ex-Stoned Soul Party guitarist Phil Campbell, he recruited vocalist Jon Deverill, second guitarist Dave Bell, bass player Nick Hughes, and drummer Razz (Russell Lemon). The group was active until 1986. In 2012, the band was re-activated by vocalist Carl Sentance albeit without the involvement of any other past members.

Tygers of Pan Tang
Tygers of Pan Tang are an English heavy metal band that were a part of the new wave of British heavy metal movement. They formed in 1978 in Whitley Bay, England, and were active until 1987. The band reformed in 1999 and continue to record and perform. The name is derived from Pan Tang, a fictional archipelago in Michael Moorcock's Elric of Melniboné fantasy series whose wizards keep tigers as pets.