hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cinema of Catalonia
The cinema of Catalonia encompasses film productions produced and acted preferably by people from Catalonia. It is a subset of Spanish cinema and includes movies both in Catalan and Spanish.

The Catalan Academy of Cinema was created to recognize and support Catalan productions, and annually commemorates the best films with the Gaudí Awards.

Cinema of Spain
The art of motion-picture making within Spain or by Spanish filmmakers abroad is collectively known as Spanish Cinema.

Only a small portion of box office sales in Spain are generated by domestic films. The different Spanish governments have therefore implemented measures aimed at supporting local film production and the movie theaters, which currently include the assurance of funding from the main television broadcasters. Nowadays, the Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales (ICAA) is the State agency in charge of regulating the allocation of public funds to the domestic film industry.
Garvellachs
The Garvellachs (Scottish Gaelic: Na Garbh Eileacha) or Isles of the Sea form a small archipelago in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. The islands include Garbh Eileach, Dùn Chonnuill and Eileach an Naoimh. Part of the Argyll and Bute council area, they lie in Firth of Lorne west of Lunga and northwest of Scarba and have been uninhabited since the 19th century.

The islands are known for their early Christian connections to Brendan the Navigator and Columba and for their bedrock containing rare formations in relation to the global Sturtian glaciation.

Garbh Eileach
Garbh Eileach is an uninhabited island in the Inner Hebrides of the west coast of Scotland that lies in the Firth of Lorn between Mull and Argyll. With an area of 142 ha (351 acres) it is the largest of the Garvellachs and reaches a maximum elevation of 110 m (361 ft) above sea level.

The name is Gaelic for "the rough rocks". The Anglicised version of the name gives the whole group of islands its name of the Garvellachs (Scottish Gaelic: Na Garbh Eileacha). The archipelago is part of the Scarba, Lunga and the Garvellachs National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland.

A 2024 study by researchers at University College London regarding the relationship of some of its bedrock to the Sturtian glaciation suggests the archipelago "may be the only place on Earth to have a detailed record of how the Earth entered one of the most catastrophic periods in its history."

There are scattered birchwoods and a small herd of red deer on Garbh Eileach.
Lower Harz Pond and Ditch System
Within the Lower Harz region (in the counties of Harz and Mansfeld-Südharz in central Germany) are still many traces of the historical water management facilities used by the mining industry. In addition to water-carrying ditches and ponds, there are also long-abandoned ditches and dry pond beds. The Lower Harz Pond and Ditch System (German: Unterharzer Teich- und Grabensystem), which forms the major part of these old water management facilities, lies in the central Lower Harz, almost entirely within the borough of the present-day town of Harzgerode.

Lude (stream)
The Lude is an 7.0-kilometre (4.3 mi) long stream of Saxony-Anhalt, in the Harz Mountains of central Germany. It is the strongest and – besides an affluent of itself – longest headwater of the Thyra and therefore hydrographically defined as its upper course.
Bis(cyclooctatetraene)iron
Bis(cyclooctatetraene)iron is an organoiron compound with the formula Fe(C8H8)2, abbreviated Fe(COT)2. It is an air-sensitive black solid that is soluble in diethyl ether and aromatic solvents. The compound decomposes in solution after a few days even under inert atmosphere. It has no known practical applications but has been studied as a soluble source of Fe(0).

Organoiron chemistry
Organoiron chemistry is the chemistry of iron compounds containing a carbon-to-iron chemical bond. Organoiron compounds are relevant in organic synthesis as reagents such as iron pentacarbonyl, diiron nonacarbonyl and disodium tetracarbonylferrate.  Although iron is generally less active in many catalytic applications, it is less expensive and "greener" than other metals.  Organoiron compounds feature a wide range of ligands that support the Fe-C bond; as with other organometals, these supporting ligands prominently include phosphines, carbon monoxide, and cyclopentadienyl, but hard ligands such as amines are employed as well.
Orli Markman
Orly Markman (Hebrew: אורלי מרקמן; born 1969) is an IDF officer with the rank of Aluf (Major General), currently serving as the President of the Military Court of Appeals. In February 2022, she was promoted to the rank of Aluf, becoming the third woman in IDF history to receive this rank, following Orna Barbivai and Yifat Tomer-Yerushalmi, and the first to serve as the President of the Military Court of Appeals.

Military Court of Appeals (Israel)
The Military Courts Unit (Hebrew: יחידת בתי הדין הצבאיים), also known as the 205th Unit, is the judicial authority of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). It operates the system of military courts established under the Military Justice Law of 1955, and is responsible for adjudicating cases involving soldiers, officers, career service members, and in certain cases civilians subject to military jurisdiction.
AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best TV Movie/Limited Series
The AARP Movies for Grownups Award for Best TV Movie/Limited Series was one of the AARP Movies for Grownups Awards presented annually by the AARP. The award honored the best television movie or limited series in a given year made by or featuring artists over the age of 50.

The first television award given by AARP was titled Best TV Movie, and was given to Hell on Heels: The Battle of Mary Kay in 2003. The category was discontinued after 2006 before returning with its current name in 2021 as part of a slate of four television awards, alongside Best Series, Best Actress, and Best Actor.

Starting with the 23rd AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, the Best TV Series and Best TV Movie/Limited Series categories were retired and combined into Best TV Series or Limited Series.

AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The AARP Movies for Grownups Awards are awards given out to "champion films made by and for grownups." Given annually by the AARP, they began in 2002 with the goal of encouraging Hollywood to make more movies by and about people over the age of 50. The first awards were announced in an issue of AARP the Magazine, before transitioning to an annual ceremony in 2006. Since 2018, the awards have been telecast throughout the United States on PBS.
Curran, Illinois
Curran is a village in Curran Township, Sangamon County, Illinois, United States. It was incorporated in 2005. As of the 2020 census, Curran had a population of 213.

Curran is located a few miles west of Springfield and is part of the Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Sangamon County, Illinois
Sangamon County is a county located near the center of the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 196,343. Its county seat and largest city is Springfield, the state capital.

Sangamon County is included in the Springfield, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Tešanovci
Tešanovci (pronounced [ˈteːʃanɔu̯tsi]; Hungarian: Mezővár) is a village immediately east of Moravske Toplice in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia.

There is a small chapel in the village with a three-storey belfry, built in the early 20th century.

Moravske Toplice
Moravske Toplice (pronounced [mɔˈɾaːu̯skɛ tɔˈpliːtsɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Moravske Toplice in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality and is best known for its thermal spa.
Deuvumi Baluwa
Dewabhumi Baluwa is a market place in Panchkhal Municipality in Kabhrepalanchok District in Bagmati Province of central Nepal. It was merged to form the new municipality along with Panchkhal, Deuvumi Baluwa, Anaikot and Sathighar Bhagawati village development committee on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6773 .

Sathighar Bhagawati
Sathighar Bhagawati is a market place in Panchkhal Municipality in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. It was merged to form the new municipality along with Panchkhal, Deuvumi Baluwa, Anaikot and Sathighar Bhagawati village development committee on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2732 in 534 individual households.
Gaita sanabresa
The gaita sanabresa is a type of bagpipe native to Sanabria, a comarca of the province of Zamora in northwestern Spain.

The gaita sanabresa features a single drone. The scale of this chanter is distinct from others in Spain, in A mode (Eolic) much different from the gaita alistana of Aliste in D Mode (Doric) as well as the "Gaita Mirandesa" from Portugal. In playing, the fingering is generally open, though some players use semi-closed touches.

The instrument was in decline in the 20th century and nearly extinct by the 1980s, but subsequent revivals, aided in part by the Escuela de Folclore de Puebla de Sanabria has led to a new local popularity for the instrument.

Aliste (comarca)
Aliste is a comarca located in the west of the province of Zamora, Castile and León, Spain, bordering with Portugal in the west and in the south. It covers 193,883 hectares. Aliste is an area that has preserved a rich cultural and ethnological tradition through years of isolation. Aliste is perhaps the poorest zone within the province, the economy of this deeply rural comarca is based on cattle rearing. The origin of the name Aliste appears as Alesti in a 9th Century manuscript, referring to the trees (alisos) which can be seen on the banks of what is now called the Aliste River.

The Aliste comarca is one of the few areas in Western Europe having a sizeable population of wild wolves living in the Sierra de la Culebra mountain range in the northwest of the comarca.
William Jackson (bishop)
William Jackson (1751 – 2 December 1815, Cuddesdon) was an Anglican bishop, serving as Bishop of Oxford (as second choice after his elder brother Cyril Jackson refused the post) and Clerk of the Closet.

Jackson was educated at Manchester Grammar School, Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford (where his tutors included Francis Atterbury). He served as Regius Professor of Greek from 1783 to 1811.

He was a popular, convivial and hospitable man with something of a reputation for hard drinking. Spencer Perceval, the Prime Minister, questioned his suitability on that ground; but the Prince Regent, who was a friend of Jackson's replied that he could see no objection to a Bishop eating well and drinking port.

Clerk of the Closet
A Clerk of the Closet is a member of the clergy within the United Kingdom who is appointed to minister to the monarch of the United Kingdom.

The ‘closet’ comes from the original name of the Royal Chapel.

The College of Chaplains of the Ecclesiastical Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom is under the Clerk of the Closet, an office dating from 1437. It is normally held by a diocesan bishop of the Church of England, who may, however, remain in office after leaving his see. In 2025 the current Clerk is Richard Jackson, Bishop of Hereford.

Other members of the royal family may also have their own Clerk of the Closet.
Bancroft's School
Bancroft's School is a co-educational private day school in Woodford Green, London. The school has around 1,100 pupils aged between 7 and 18, around 250 of whom are pupils of the Preparatory School and 850 of whom are pupils of the Senior School.

The school's alumni, called "Old Bancroftians", include naturalists, poets, academics, politicians, authors, sportsmen, actors, and military figures. These include two recipients of the Victoria Cross, Britain's highest military award for gallantry, Robert Edward Cruickshank and Augustus Charles Newman. More recently, alumni have included Lord Pannick KC, Mike Lynch, Alan Davies, Hari Kunzru, Anita Anand and Andy Saull.

Alan Davies
Alan Roger Davies (/ˈdeɪvɪs/; DAY-vis; born 6 March 1966) is an English actor, presenter, stand-up comedian, and writer. He is known for his portrayal of the title role in the BBC mystery drama series Jonathan Creek (1997–2016) and as the only permanent panellist on the BBC panel show QI since its premiere in 2003, outlasting its original host Stephen Fry. He began his career as a stand-up comic, and has undertaken several tours performing on stage, most recently in 2025.

He has also written three memoirs.
Jacqueline Hick
Jacqueline Hick (8 December 1919 – 11 May 2004) was an Australian painter,  known for her work depicting human figures and the Australian landscape. She is the subject of the 2013 book Jacqueline Hick: Born Wise, and her work is held in the permanent collections of many galleries in Australia.

South Australian Society of Arts
34°55′15″S 138°36′08″E﻿ / ﻿34.9208°S 138.6021°E﻿ / -34.9208; 138.6021

The South Australian Society of Arts was a society for artists in South Australia, later with a royal warrant renamed The Royal South Australian Society of Arts in 1935. Its gallery,  built in 1906 for the SASA, is in Level 1, the Institute Building, corner North Terrace & Kintore Avenue, Adelaide
Cyclotomic field
In algebraic number theory, a cyclotomic field is a number field obtained by adjoining a complex root of unity to , the field of rational numbers.

Cyclotomic fields played a crucial role in the development of modern algebra and number theory because of their relation with Fermat's Last Theorem. It was in the process of his deep investigations of the arithmetic of these fields (for prime )—and more precisely, because of the failure of unique factorization in their rings of integers—that Ernst Kummer first introduced the concept of an ideal number and proved his celebrated congruences.

Algebraic number field
In mathematics, an algebraic number field (or simply number field) is an extension field  of the field of rational numbers  such that the field extension  has finite degree (and hence is an algebraic field extension).
Thus  is a field that contains  and has finite dimension when considered as a vector space over .

The study of algebraic number fields, that is, of algebraic extensions of the field of rational numbers, is the central topic of algebraic number theory. This study reveals hidden structures behind the rational numbers, by using algebraic methods.
Statue of Stepan Charnetskyi, Shmankivtsi
The statue of Stepan Charnetskyi (Ukrainian: Пам'ятник Степанові Чарнецькому) is a monument to the prominent poet and theater critic Stepan Charnetskyi. It is located in the village of Shmankivtsi, Zavodske Hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, next to the Orthodox Church.

It has been declared a monument of monumental art of local importance (protection number 2986).

Stepan Charnetskyi
Stepan Mykolaiovych Charnetskyi (Ukrainian: Степан Миколайович Чарнецький; Polish: Stepan Czarnecki; 21 January 1881 – 2 October 1944) was a Ukrainian poet, translator, journalist, theatre and music critic, and theatre director and producer, author of the anthem of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen "Oi u luzi chervona kalyna"
Oron-la-Ville
Oron-la-Ville (French pronunciation: [ɔʁɔ̃ la vil]) is a small town and former municipality in the district of Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. The municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye merged on 1 January 2012 into the new municipality of Oron.

Châtillens
Châtillens is a former municipality in the district of Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye merged on 1 January 2012 into the new municipality of Oron.
Hukusjøen
Hukusjøen is a lake in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2.77-square-kilometre (1.07 sq mi) lake lies on the border of Grue Municipality and Åsnes Municipality. The lake is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southwest of the village of Hof, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the village of Risberget, and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northwest of the village of Kirkenær.

Åsnes Municipality
Åsnes is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Solør. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Flisa, which is also the largest village in the municipality with nearly 1,800 people. Other villages in the municipality include Gjesåsen, Hof, Sønsterud, and Kjellmyra.

The 1,041-square-kilometre (402 sq mi) municipality is the 108th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Åsnes Municipality is the 141st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,247. The municipality's population density is 7 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.7% over the previous 10-year period.
South Bay Union High School District
South Bay Union High School District, also known as the Redondo Union High School District, was a school district in Los Angeles County, California. It served residents of Hermosa Beach, Manhattan Beach, and Redondo Beach. It also served Torrance in the 1947-1948 school year.

Redondo Union High School
Redondo Union High School (RUHS) is a public high school in Redondo Beach, California.

Redondo Union High School is a part of the Redondo Beach Unified School District.
All residents of Redondo Beach are zoned to Redondo Union. In addition, residents of Hermosa Beach may choose to attend Redondo Union or Mira Costa High School of the Manhattan Beach Unified School District.

Since opening in 1905, Redondo Union High School has developed into the second largest high school campus in the State of California, with an overall area of 62 acres (250,000 m2).
Kalininsky District, Krasnodar Krai
Kalininsky District (Russian: Кали́нинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-eight in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Kalininsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the krai. The area of the district is 1,499 square kilometers (579 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Kalininskaya. Population:  50,691 (2010 Census); 50,161 (2002 Census); 45,111 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kalininskaya accounts for 26.4% of the district's total population.

Kalininskaya, Krasnodar Krai
Kalininskaya (Russian: Кали́нинская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) and the administrative center of Kalininsky District of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Beysug River. Population:  13,391 (2010 Census); 13,192 (2002 Census); 11,263 (1989 Soviet census).
HMS Bee (1915)
HMS Bee was an Insect-class gunboat of the Royal Navy, launched on 8 December 1915. This class are also known as "large China gunboats".

Initially built to patrol the River Danube during the First World War, after the war the Insects were transported to China and served on the Yangtze River. In 1920, Bee became the flagship of the Yangtze patrol.

On 12 December 1937, Bee, along with Ladybird, became involved in the Panay incident and came under fire from a Japanese artillery unit near Wuhu on the Yangtze. Ladybird took six shells and Bee dodged a shell as she came upon the scene.

Bee was paid off in 1938 when the gunboat Scorpion, the new flagship, arrived. She was sold in Shanghai for scrap on 22 March 1939 for £5,225.

HMS Ladybird (1916)
HMS Ladybird was an Insect-class gunboat of the Royal Navy, launched in 1916. This class is also referred to as "large China gunboats". Originally built to patrol the River Danube during the First World War, she sailed for China from Malta in February 1927 to serve on the Yangtze River.
Calai
Calai is a town and municipality in Cubango Province in Angola.

The municipality has an area of 7,900 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi) and a population of 22,654 (2014). It is bordered to the north by the municipality of Mavengue, to the east by the municipality of Dirico, to the south by the Republic of Namibia, and to the west by the municipality of Cuangar. The municipality of Calai was previously constituted by the communes of Calai, Maué and Mavengue, but as of Angola's 2024 administrative reforms, the communes of Maué and Mavengue have been incorporated into the new municipality of Mavengue, and Calai no longer has any subordinate communes.

Maué, Angola
Maue is a commune of Angola, located in the municipality of Mavengue in the province of Cubango. Prior to Angola's 2024 administrative reforms, it was part of the municipality of Calai in the province of Cuando Cubango. As of 2014, the commune had a population of 831 people over an area of 2,100 square kilometres (810 sq mi).
Brionvega
Brionvega is an Italian electronics company that is known for manufacturing futuristic television sets and audio equipment, its contributions to post-second world war technological and social advancement in Italian industry, collaborations with well known industrial designers and architects, and its impact on the aesthetics of 1960s Italian design.

Richard Sapper
Richard Sapper (30 May 1932 – 31 December 2015) was a German industrial designer who was based in Milan for much of his career. He is considered to be one of the most influential figures of post-war design. His products typically feature a combination of technical innovation, simplicity of form, and an element of wit and surprise.

Sapper received numerous awards and distinctions, including 11 Compasso d'Oro awards, the Raymond Loewy Foundation's Lucky Strike Designer Award, and the German Order of Merit. Examples of his work are held by museums such as the Victoria and Albert and Design Museum in London, the Pompidou Center in Paris, the ADI Design Museum in Milan, and the Museum of Modern Art in New York – which counts over 17 of his designs in its collection.
Storforsen
Storforsen is a waterfall on the Pite River in Swedish Norrbottens län is located approximately 38 km northwest of Älvsbyn. With an average flow of 187 m3/s, the rapids are one of the most voluminous in Europe. The rapids stretch over a distance of 5 km in which it drops 82 meters 60 of which are a single waterfall.

Flow usually is highest at midsummer: 870 m3/s. During the floodyear 1995 a volume of 1200 cubic metres flowed down Storforsen each second.

To prevent accidents the rocks surrounding the rapids are fenced, views being readily accessible to the public via ramps. While the rapids were used in previous years to transport logs, today its surroundings are part of a nature park, visited by 150,000 people each year.

Rapids
Rapids are sections of a river where the river bed has a relatively steep gradient, causing an increase in water velocity and turbulence. Flow, gradient, constriction, and obstacles are four factors that are needed for a rapid to be created.
Leblanc process
The Leblanc process was an early industrial process for making soda ash (sodium carbonate) used throughout the 19th century, named after its inventor, Nicolas Leblanc.  It involved two stages: making sodium sulfate from sodium chloride, followed by reacting the sodium sulfate with coal and calcium carbonate to make sodium carbonate.  The process gradually became obsolete after the development of the Solvay process.

Industrial processes
Industrial processes are procedures involving chemical, physical, electrical, or mechanical steps to aid in the manufacturing of an item or items, usually carried out on a very large scale. Industrial processes are the key components of heavy industry.