hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Music City Executive Airport
Music City Executive Airport (ICAO: KXNX, FAA LID: XNX) is a publicly-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) east of the central business district of Gallatin, a city in Sumner County, Tennessee, United States. The airport previously had the designation M33 prior to being changed to XNX.  The airport was named Sumner County Regional Airport prior to June 2019. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011 to 2015, which categorized it as a general aviation airport.

Gallatin, Tennessee
Gallatin is a city in and the county seat of Sumner County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 44,431 at the 2020 census and has an estimated population of 52,489 as of 2024. Named for United States Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, the city was established on the Cumberland River and made the county seat of Sumner County in 1802. It is located about 30.6 miles northeast of the state capital of Nashville, Tennessee.

Several national companies have facilities or headquarters in Gallatin, including Facebook, Gap, Inc.,  Beretta and Servpro Industries LLC. Gallatin was formerly the headquarters of Dot Records. The city is also the site of Volunteer State Community College, a two-year college with more than 70 degree programs. In 2017, Gallatin was ranked as "The Nicest Place In America" by Reader's Digest.
Rubus crataegifolius
Rubus crataegifolius, also called Korean raspberry, is a species of raspberry native to East Asia.

It is a shrub growing to 1–2 m (rarely 3 m) tall. The leaves are 5–12 cm long and 5–8 cm broad, palmately lobed with three or five lobes, and a serrated margin. The flowers are 1–1.5 cm diameter, with five white petals. The fruit is an aggregate fruit 1 cm diameter, made up of numerous drupelets. The species grows on forest margins and mountain slopes, in areas with moist and well-drained soil.

Its fruit is used for food and is sometimes cultivated; the cultivar 'Jingu Jengal' has been selected for its large fruit. Root extracts have been found to contain substances with anti-inflammatory effects in mice.

Raspberry
The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus Rubus of the rose family, most of which are in the subgenus Idaeobatus. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Raspberries are perennial with woody stems.

World production of raspberries in 2023 was 940,979 tonnes, led by Russia with 23% of the total. Raspberries are cultivated across northern Europe and North America and are consumed in various ways, including as whole fruit and in preserves, cakes, pastries, ice cream, and liqueurs.
Foreign Ministry (Oman)
The Foreign Ministry (Arabic: وزارة الخارجية) is the government body in the Sultanate of Oman responsible for organising and directing Oman's relations with other countries and with regional and international organisations.

The current Foreign Minister is Badr bin Hamad Al Busaidi. He was appointed on 18 August 2020.

Haitham bin Tariq
Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said (Arabic: هَيْثَم بْن طَارِق آل سَعِيد, romanized: Hayṯam ibn Ṭāriq ʾĀl Saʿīd; born 11 October 1955) is the Sultan and Prime Minister of Oman. He acceded to the throne in January 2020 after the death of his cousin, Sultan Qaboos bin Said. Prior to becoming Sultan, Haitham served for several decades under Sultan Qaboos in the Cabinet of Oman most notably as the Minister of Heritage and Culture.
2026 United States Senate election in Michigan
The 2026 United States Senate election in Michigan will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of Michigan. Primaries will be held August 4, 2026. Incumbent Democratic Senator Gary Peters declined to seek a third term. Peters was first elected with 54.6% in 2014 and re-elected with 49.9% in 2020.

Along with Georgia, this is one of two Democratic-held Senate seats up for election in a state that Donald Trump won in the 2024 presidential election, winning 49.73% of the vote to Kamala Harris's 48.31%.

Republicans have not won a Senate election in Michigan since 1994.

2026 Michigan gubernatorial election
The 2026 Michigan gubernatorial election is scheduled to take place on November 3, 2026, to elect the governor of Michigan. The primary elections will take place on August 4, 2026. Incumbent Democratic Governor Gretchen Whitmer is term-limited and cannot seek election to a third term. This will be one of five Democratic-held governorships up for election in 2026 in a state won by Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election.

Incumbent Democratic Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson and Republican U.S. Representative John James are the frontrunners for their respective nominations. Independent Mike Duggan's bid for governor is expected to make the race more competitive after Democrats' wide margins in the 2018 and 2022 Michigan elections.
County of Novellara and Bagnolo
The County of Novellara and Bagnolo (Italian: Contea di Novellara e Bagnolo) was a small imperial fiefdom which existed in Northern Italy from 1501 to 1728. Previously, since 1371, the county had been in the form of a lordship of an uncertain legal nature in the possession of the Novellara branch of the House of Gonzaga, who ruled it for a total period of approximately three and a half centuries.

Bagnolo in Piano
Bagnolo in Piano (Reggiano: Bagnōl in Piân) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northeast of Reggio nell'Emilia.

Bagnolo in Piano borders the following municipalities: Cadelbosco di Sopra, Correggio, Novellara, Reggio Emilia. Sights include the Torrazzo, a medieval tower which is what remains of the castle destroyed by the French during the War of Spanish Succession, and the medieval Pieve, in the frazione of Pieve Rossa.
Laser linewidth
Laser linewidth is the spectral linewidth of a laser beam.

Two of the most distinctive characteristics of laser emission are spatial coherence and spectral coherence.  While spatial coherence is related to the beam divergence of the laser, spectral coherence is evaluated by measuring the linewidth of laser radiation.

Fabry–Pérot interferometer
In optics, a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI), or etalon, is an optical cavity made from two parallel reflecting surfaces (i.e.: thin mirrors). Optical waves can pass through the optical cavity only when they are in resonance with it. It is named after Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, who developed the instrument in 1899. Etalon is from the French étalon, meaning "measuring gauge" or "standard".

Etalons are widely used in telecommunications, lasers and spectroscopy to control and measure the wavelengths of light. Recent advances in fabrication technique allow the creation of very precise tunable Fabry–Pérot interferometers. The device is technically an interferometer when the distance between the two surfaces (and with it the resonance length) can be changed, and an etalon when the distance is fixed (however, the two terms are often used interchangeably).
Dabakala Department
Dabakala Department is a department of Hambol Region in Vallée du Bandama District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 254,430 and its seat is the settlement of Dabakala. The sub-prefectures of the department are Bassawa, Boniérédougou, Dabakala, Foumbolo, Niéméné, Satama-Sokoro, Satama-Sokoura, Sokala-Sobara, Tendéné-Bambarasso, and Yaossédougou. It is the largest department of Ivory Coast by area.

Dabakala
Dabakala is a town in northeast Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Dabakala Department in Hambol Region, Vallée du Bandama District. Dabakala is also a commune.

Under the Wassoulou Empire, Dabakala was a major center of the arms industry, with 3-400 blacksmiths building functional copies of European repeater rifles to use in their struggle against French colonial forces.

In 2021, the population of the sub-prefecture of Dabakala was 78,634.
Aichi D3A
The Aichi D3A (Navy full designation "Type 99 Carrier Bomber"; Allied reporting name "Val") is a World War II carrier-borne dive bomber. It was the primary dive bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and was involved in almost all IJN actions, including the attack on Pearl Harbor.

The Aichi D3A was the first Japanese aircraft to bomb American targets in the war, commencing with Pearl Harbor and U.S. bases in the Philippines, such as Clark Air Force Base. The type sank more Allied warships than any other Axis aircraft.

Mitsubishi Kinsei
The Mitsubishi Kinsei (金星, Venus) was a 14-cylinder, air-cooled, twin-row radial aircraft engine developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in Japan in 1934 for the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Mitsubishi model designation for this engine was A8 while it was an experimental project; in service, it was known as the MK8 "Kinsei" by the Navy. In 1941 the engine was adopted by Army, receiving designation Ha-112 (later Ha-112-I, 1,300hp Army Type 1). In May 1943 it received Ha-33 unified designation code.
Chachacomani
Chachacomani (possibly from Quechua chachakuma a medical plant) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real of the Andes Mountains, east of Lake Titicaca in Bolivia.

It is situated in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Guanay Municipality, southeast of Chearoco. Some of the nearest mountains are Wari Umaña in the southwest and Qillwani in the northwest.

Said to be one of the least climbed peaks in the Cordillera Real, the mountain has an elevation of 6,074 metres (19,928 ft) above sea level. The measured height has never been accurately measured, and may differ by up to 20 metres (66 ft), but the peak is ascertained to be over 6,000 metres (19,685 ft) in height. Notably, the deep and sheltered valleys around the mountain produce many distinct microclimates, which form lakes and other formations that support many species of birds.

The Cordillera Real as seen from Lake Titicaca with Chearoco and Chachacomani in the center.

Chachacomani seen from Lake Titicaca.

Wari Umaña
Wari Umaña (Aymara wari vicuña, umaña drink, to give to drink, "vicuña watering place", Hispanicized spelling Huari Umaña) is a 5,264-metre-high (17,270 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia. It lies in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality. Wari Umaña is situated at the Chachakumani River, north of the mountain Jach'a Juqhu.
Quorn, Leicestershire
Quorn (/kwɔːrn/) is a village and civil parish in Leicestershire, England, near the university town of Loughborough. Its name was shortened from Quorndon in 1889, to avoid postal difficulties owing to its similarity to the name of another village, Quarndon, in neighbouring Derbyshire.

Quorn F.C.
Quorn Football Club is an English football club based in the village of Quorn, near Loughborough, Leicestershire, currently playing in the Southern League Premier Division Central. The club play their home games on the 3G pitch at their Farley Way Stadium, just off the A6, which runs between Leicester and Loughborough. The club are nicknamed "The Reds" due to their colours, as well "The Methodists", which is a nod to their historical name.

As well as the first team, Quorn operate an academy side from their Farley Way base. The academy features two teams which play in the English College's Football Association. There are also junior teams at Under 11 and Under 17 age groups. The Under 17s currently play in the Leicestershire Youth League, as well as the Leicestershire Midweek Floodlit Youth League.
Saturn (store)
Saturn is a German chain of electronics stores in Germany. With Media Markt it constitutes Media-Saturn Holding, owned by the retail trade company Ceconomy, which was spun-off from Metro Group in 2017. The Saturn store in Hamburg is the biggest electronics retail shop in Europe.

Saturn is known for its slightly coarse advertising slogan Geiz ist geil! (German for 'Stinginess is cool!') which was used from 2002 to 2011 and sparked a nationwide debate about consumer behavior and the situation of the German economy. The slogan quickly became part of everyday language and became synonymous with the German economic crisis.

Ceconomy
Ceconomy AG is an international retail company headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany. Its history goes back to the Metro Group. Ceconomy operates more than 1,000 consumer electronics stores in eleven countries. In addition to MediaMarkt and Saturn, the group owns Deutsche Technikberatung. Approximately 24 % of its sales are generated online.

In July 2025, JD.com agreed to acquire Ceconomy for €2.2 billion.
Felix Nartey
Felix Nartey (/ˈnɑːrteɪ/) is a Ghanaian social entrepreneur and advocate. He was named the Wikimedian of the Year in 2017 by Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales at Wikimania. He is co-founder of Open Foundation West Africa and Creative Commons Ghana, where he is also the chapter lead.

Wikimedian of the Year
The Wikimedian of the Year is an annual award that honors Wikipedia editors and other contributors to Wikimedia projects to highlight major achievements within the Wikimedia movement, established in August 2011 by Wikipedia's co-founder Jimmy Wales. Wales selects the recipients and honors them at Wikimania, an annual conference of the Wikimedia Foundation—except in 2020, 2021, and 2022 when the recipients were announced at online meetings as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. From 2011 to 2016, the award was named Wikipedian of the Year.
La patota (1960 film)
La patota (Lunfardo for "The gang" or "The mob") is a 1960 Argentine melodrama film directed by Daniel Tinayre. The film focuses on Paulina Vidal Ugarte (Legrand), a young attractive teacher who takes a professorship at a night school located in a marginal area of Buenos Aires, where she is gang-raped by a group of students.

La patota was written by Eduardo Borrás and starred Tinayre's wife Mirtha Legrand. The film was in competition for the Golden Bear at the 11th Berlin International Film Festival, where Tinayre was given the C.I.D.A.L.C. Award. Now considered a modern movie classic, La patota was remade as Paulina by director Santiago Mitre in 2015, with Dolores Fonzi playing the main role.

Paulina (film)
Paulina (Spanish: La patota) is a 2015 thriller film directed by Santiago Mitre. It was screened in the Critics' Week section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival where it won the Nespresso Grand Prize and the FIPRESCI Prize. It is inspired by the 1960 film La patota.
Pel's fishing owl
Pel's fishing owl (Scotopelia peli) is a large species of owl in the family Strigidae, found in Africa. It lives near rivers and lakes, and feeds nocturnally on fish and frogs snatched from the surface of lakes and rivers. The species prefers slow-moving rivers with large, overhanging trees to roost in and forage from. It nests in hollows and the forks of large trees. Even though two eggs are laid, often only one chick is raised.

Horned owl
The American (North and South America) horned owls and the Old World eagle-owls make up the genus Bubo, at least as traditionally described. The genus name Bubo is Latin for owl.

This genus contains 10 species that are found in many parts of the world. Some of the largest living Strigiformes are in Bubo. Traditionally, only owls with ear-tufts were included in this genus, but that is no longer the case.
Tsarevich
Tsarevich (Russian: царевич, IPA: [t͡sɐˈrʲevʲɪt͡ɕ]) was a title given to the sons of tsars. The female equivalent was tsarevna.

Under the 1797 Pauline house laws, the title was discontinued and replaced with tsesarevich for the heir apparent alone. His younger brothers were given the title of veliky knyaz, translated as grand prince or, more commonly, as grand duke.

Historically, the term was also applied to descendants of the khans (tsars) of Kazan, Kasimov, and Siberia after these khanates had been conquered by Russia. The descendants of the deposed royal families of Georgia or the batonishvili were given the titles of tsarevich until 1833, when they were demoted to knyaz after a failed coup to restore the Georgian monarchy.

Tsarevna
Tsarevna (Russian: царевна, IPA: [t͡sɐˈrʲevnə]) was a title given to the daughters of tsars in Russia before the 18th century. The male equivalent was tsarevich.

All of them died unmarried with the exception of the daughters of Ivan V. Notably, his daughter Catherine married Karl Leopold of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Both tsarevna and tsarevich were replaced with grand duchess and grand duke (with tsesarevich given to the heir apparent).
2019 Netball Quad Series
The 2019 Netball Quad Series was the seventh Netball Quad Series series. It was hosted by England Netball. It featured Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa playing each other in a series of six netball test matches in January 2019. The first two matches were played at Liverpool's M&S Bank Arena while the remaining four were played at London's Copper Box Arena.

With a team coached by Lisa Alexander and captained by Gabi Simpson and Caitlin Thwaites, Australia won the series over England on goal difference, having defeated both South Africa and New Zealand. Despite wins over New Zealand and Australia, a loss to South Africa ultimately cost England their first Netball Quad Series title. The series was broadcast live on Nine/9Gem in Australia and on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Netball Quad Series
The Netball Quad Series, also referred to as the SANZEA Netball Quad Series, is an international netball series. The series traditionally features Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa playing a series of test matches against each other. The inaugural series was played in 2012. However, it was not until 2016 that the series became a regular event. Australia won the inaugural series and have gone on to become the competition's dominant team. On occasions when one of the traditional four has not entered, the series has been replaced by the Netball Nations Cup. This first happened in 2020 and again in 2024.

The series' have been broadcast live on Fox Sports and Kayo Freebies in Australia, on Sky Sports and Sky Sports YouTube in the United Kingdom and Ireland, on Sky Sport in New Zealand and on SuperSport (South Africa).
Caterham
Caterham (/ˈkeɪtərəm/) is a town in the Tandridge district of Surrey, England. The town is administratively divided into two: Caterham on the Hill, and Caterham Valley, which includes the main town centre in the middle of a dry valley but rises to equal heights to the south. The town lies close to the A22, 21 miles (34 kilometres) from Guildford and 6 miles (10 kilometres) south of Croydon, in an upper valley cleft into the dip slope of the North Downs. Caterham on the Hill is above the valley to the west.

The town is particularly associated with being the location of the original factory for the Caterham 7 and for being the location of Caterham School, the estate of which lies on the outskirts of Caterham Valley.

Caterham railway station
Caterham railway station serves the town of Caterham in the Tandridge district of Surrey.

Caterham train drivers depot was opened on Sunday 17 June 1928 as a motorman's depot (the "motor" term being used for electric trains) after electrification on the line was complete in March of that year, and is still a working depot today. The guards depot at Caterham was closed in the late 1980s.
Prince v Law Society
Prince v President of the Law Society of the Cape of Good Hope and Others is a 2002 decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa in the area of criminal law. It concerned the constitutionality of criminalising cannabis given Rastafaris' constitutional right to freedom of religion. A majority of the court held that the Constitution did not obligate the state to exempt bona fide religious uses from statutory prohibitions against cannabis use and possession.

The court divided sharply on the issue, with the bench split five to four. Chief Justice Arthur Chaskalson, Justice Laurie Ackermann, and Justice Johann Kriegler wrote for the majority, while Justice Sandile Ngcobo, for the minority, argued that a religious exemption would protect Rastafaris' constitutional rights without any severe detriment to the government's policy objectives.

Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa
Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa contains the Bill of Rights, a human rights charter that protects the civil, political and socio-economic rights of all people in South Africa. The rights in the Bill apply to all law, including the common law, and bind all branches of the government, including the national executive, Parliament, the judiciary, provincial governments, and municipal councils. Some provisions, such as those prohibiting unfair discrimination, also apply to the actions of private persons.
Rocky Mountain Arsenal
The Rocky Mountain Arsenal was a United States chemical weapons manufacturing center located in the Denver Metropolitan Area in Commerce City, Colorado. The site was completed December 1942 and then operated by the United States Army throughout the later 20th century, remaining controversial among local residents until its closure in 1992.

Much of the site is now protected as the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge.

Commerce City, Colorado
Commerce City is a home rule city located in Adams County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 62,418 at the 2020 United States census, a 35.95% increase since the 2010 United States census. Commerce City is the 18th most populous municipality in Colorado. Commerce City is located north of Denver and is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Commerce City is known for being the home of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge with its only entrance located in the city.  Dick's Sporting Goods Park, a premier soccer stadium facility in Commerce City, hosts the Colorado Rapids of Major League Soccer.
Pawling (village), New York
Pawling is a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The population was 1,995 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie–Newburgh, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The John Kane House, a registered historic place, is situated in the village. The village was portrayed as the fictional town of Denning, New York, in the TV series Elementary.

The village of Pawling is centrally located in the town of Pawling by the junction of Routes 22 and 55.

Dutchess County, New York
Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie. The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.