hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New Dam
The New Dam (Turkish: Yeni Bent), a.k.a. Mahmud II Dam (Turkish: II. Mahmut Bendi), is a historic dam located in Sarıyer district of Istanbul Province, Turkey.

The New Dam was built in 1830 by Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (reigned 1808–1839).

The dam is situated next to Valide Dam north of Bahçeköy, Sarıyer inside the Bentler Nature Park, which is part of the Belgrad Forest.

The New Dam impounds a tributary of Acıelma Creek and has a catchment area of 0.83 km2 (0.32 sq mi). It is a solid gravity dam constructed in masonry having a circular form. The dam is 15.62 m (51.2 ft) high from the thalweg and 101.55 m (333.2 ft) long at crest. The crest is 6.90 m (22.6 ft) and the base is 9.40 m (30.8 ft) wide. The dam has a reservoir capacity of 217,500 m3 (7,680,000 cu ft).

Sarıyer
Sarıyer (pronounced [saˈɾɯjeɾ]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 177 km2 and its population is 350,454 (2022). It is on the northeastern part of Istanbul's European side. Sarıyer also administers the Black Sea coast to the west of the mouth of the Bosphorus, including the neighbourhood of Kilyos. It borders Eyüpsultan to the northwest, Beşiktaş to the south and Kağıthane to the west. The mayor is Mustafa Oktay Aksu of the Republican People's Party (CHP).
German submarine U-73 (1940)
German submarine U-73 was a Type VIIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down by Vegesacker Werft, Germany as yard number 1 on 5 November 1939, launched on 27 July 1940 and commissioned on 30 September of the same year under Kapitänleutnant (Kptlt.) Helmut Rosenbaum.

U-73 carried out 15 patrols between early 1941 and late 1943, sinking eight ships and four warships. She also damaged a further three commercial vessels. She was part of five wolfpacks. She was sunk by two US warships, USS Woolsey and Trippe, off the North African coast on 16 December 1943 at 36°7′N 0°50′W﻿ / ﻿36.117°N 0.833°W﻿ / 36.117; -0.833.

UG convoys
The UG convoys were a series of east-bound Atlantic convoys from the United States to Gibraltar carrying food, ammunition, and military hardware to the United States Army in North Africa and southern Europe during World War II. Convoys assembled in Hampton Roads near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay and terminated in various North African locations as Axis forces retreated from 1942 through 1945.
Pierce County, Wisconsin
Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,212. Its county seat is Ellsworth. Pierce County is part of the Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Rock Elm, Wisconsin
Rock Elm is a town in Pierce County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 504 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Exile and Rock Elm are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Waverly is also located partially in the town.
Daman-e-Koh
Daman-e-Koh (Urdu: دامن کوہ) is a hilltop garden north of Islamabad. It is in the center of the Margalla Hills. The name is a fusion of two Persian words "Dāman" (دامن) meaning "skirt" and "Kōh" (کوہ) meaning "hill", which collectively denote "foothills". It is about 2400 ft above sea level and about 500 ft above Islamabad. The area is a popular destination for both residents and tourists.

Tourist treats are a popular attraction for monkeys. Leopards are reported to descend from higher hills of Murree during the winter months.

Airblue Flight 202 crashed near here on 28 July 2010.

Pir Sohawa
33°45′37″N 73°3′56″E﻿ / ﻿33.76028°N 73.06556°E﻿ / 33.76028; 73.06556

Pir Sohawa (Urdu: پیر سوہاوہ) is a rapidly developing tourist resort located 17 kilometers (11 mi) from Islamabad on top of Margalla Hills. It has a 3000 plus ft elevation and is geographically part of Haripur District.

Like many other parts of the Margalla Hills, Haripur and Galyat mountains, Pir Sohawa sees rapid, uncontrolled development and encroachment on National Park land, which results in damages to the environment through pollution and heavy traffic.

On 6 January 2012, after almost six years, Pir Sohawa received few inches of snowfall.
Descending aorta
In human anatomy, the descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery, situated in the chest. It is the continued portion of the aorta immediately following the aortic arch.

The descending aorta begins at the aortic arch and runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta anatomically consists of two portions or segments, the thoracic and the abdominal aorta, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the pelvis and, eventually, the legs.

The ductus arteriosus connects to the junction between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta in foetal life. This artery later regresses as the ligamentum arteriosum.

Pulmonary artery
A pulmonary artery is an artery in the pulmonary circulation that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. The largest pulmonary artery is the main pulmonary artery or pulmonary trunk  from the heart, and the smallest ones are the arterioles, which lead to the capillaries that surround the pulmonary alveoli.
2010–11 Austrian Cup
The 2010–11 Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup) was the 77th season of Austria's nationwide football cup competition. It commenced with the matches of the preliminary round in July 2010 and concluded with the Final on 29 May 2011. The winners of the competition qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League.

2010–11 Austrian Football First League
The 2010-11 Austrian Football First League (German: Erste Liga, also known as ADEG Erste Liga due to sponsorship) was the 37th season of the Austrian second-level football league. It began on 14 July 2010 and ended on 28 May 2011.

The size of the league was reduced from twelve to ten teams for this season after a reform of the second- and third-level tiers of the Austrian football league pyramid. Reserve teams from Bundesliga clubs were excluded from competing in the First League, and relegation/promotion playoffs between the ninth-placed First League team and the two Regionalliga champions missing out on direct promotion were introduced.
'S Make It
'S Make It (slang for 'Let's go') is a recording by the hard bop Art Blakey jazz ensemble. It was recorded in Los Angeles in 1964 and issued on the Limelight label. Following the departure of stars from his 1961 to 1964 band, Freddie Hubbard, Wayne Shorter and Cedar Walton, it includes previous Blakey alumni and newer players. This was trombonist Curtis Fuller's last recording as a regular member of the group, though he would return to record sporadically with Blakey in the 1970s and 80s.  The album was re-released on Verve in 2004.

John Gilmore (musician)
John Gilmore (September 28, 1931 – August 20, 1995) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, and percussionist. He was known for his tenure with the avant-garde keyboardist/bandleader Sun Ra from the 1950s to the 1990s, and led The Sun Ra Arkestra from Sun Ra's death in 1993 until his own death in 1995.
Kurkino District
Kurkino District (Russian: район Куркино) is a district of North-Western Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia.   It is just outside the Moscow Ring Road, 19 km northwest of the center of Moscow.  The area of the district is 7.91 square kilometres (3.05 sq mi). Population: 30,000 (Est. 2017) 21,314 (2010 Census); 2,155 (2002 Census).

North-Western Administrative Okrug
North-Western Administrative Okrug (Russian: Се́веро-За́падный администрати́вный о́круг, romanized: Severo-Zapadny administrativny okrug), or Severo-Zapadny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 942,223, up from 779,965 recorded during the 2002 Census.
Vuolep Sårjåsjávrre
Vuolep Sårjåsjávrre (lit. 'Lower Lake Sårjås') is a lake which lies on the border between Norway and Sweden. The western part lies in Fauske Municipality in Nordland county, Norway, and the eastern part lies in Jokkmokk Municipality in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The 7.17-square-kilometre (2.77 sq mi) lake lies just to the east of the large Blåmannsisen glacier and smaller neighboring lake Bajep Sårjåsjávrre (lit. 'Upper Lake Sårjås').

Fauske Municipality
Fauskeⓘ (Norwegian) or Fuossko (Lule Sami) is a municipality located in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Fauske. Some of the villages in Fauske include Nystad, Venset, Straumsnes, Sjønstå, Valnesfjord, Finneid, and Sulitjelma.

The municipality borders Sweden in the east, Sørfold Municipality to the north, Bodø Municipality to the west, and Saltdal Municipality to the southeast. The town is located on the northern shore of Skjerstad Fjord.

The 1,197-square-kilometre (462 sq mi) municipality is the 90th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fauske Municipality is the 116th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,827. The municipality's population density is 8.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (21/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.8% over the previous 10-year period.
Bjerringbro Municipality
Until 1 January 2007, Bjerringbro municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Viborg County on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.  The municipality covered an area of 207 km2, and had a total population of 13,922 (2005).  Its latest mayor was Poul Vesterbæk, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Bjerringbro.

Bjerringbro municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with Fjends, Karup, Møldrup, Tjele, and Viborg municipalities to form an enlarged Viborg municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 1,390 km2 and a total population of 88,945 (2005).  The new municipality belongs to the Region Midtjylland ("Mid-Jutland Region").

Tjele Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Tjele municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in the former Viborg County on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.  The municipality covered an area of 273 km2, and had a total population of 8,641 (2005).  Its last mayor was Anna Margrethe Kaalund. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Ørum.

Tjele municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with Bjerringbro, Fjends, Karup, Møldrup, and Viborg municipalities to form an enlarged Viborg municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 1,390 km2 and a total population of 88,945 (2005).  The municipality belongs to Region Midtjylland ("Mid-Jutland Region").
Cameron Hodge
Cameron Hodge is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, usually as an adversary in stories featuring the X-Men. Created by writer Bob Layton and artist Jackson Guice, he first appeared as a supporting character in X-Factor #1 (February 1986).

Phalanx (comics)
The Phalanx are a fictional cybernetic species appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They have come into conflict with the X-Men as well as other groups on several occasions. They form a hive mind, linking each member by a telepathic system.
1E 1048−59
AXP 1E 1048.1−5937 was the first anomalous X-ray pulsar ever observed to emit an SGR-like X-ray burst. It is also the closest magnetar to Earth located 2,759 parsecs (9,000 light-years) away in the constellation Carina.

Magnetar
A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field (~109 to 1011 T, ~1013 to 1015 G). The magnetic-field decay (or dissipation) powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.

The existence of magnetars was proposed in 1992 by Robert Duncan and Christopher Thompson following earlier work by Jonathan I. Katz on the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 0525-66, then called a gamma-ray burst.

Their proposal sought to explain the properties of transient sources of gamma rays, now known as soft gamma repeaters (SGRs). Over the following decade, the magnetar hypothesis became widely accepted, and was extended to explain anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs). As of July 2021, 24 magnetars have been confirmed.

It has been suggested that magnetars are the source of fast radio bursts (FRB), in particular as a result of findings in 2020 by scientists using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope.
Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven
Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven (18 October 1816, Rotterdam – 22 March 1880) was a Dutch entomologist. He is not to be confused with Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen another entomologist from Rotterdam.

He was curator of the entomological collections for the Natural History Museum, Leiden from 1854 to 1873, when he retired due to health problems. In 1857 he founded Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, a journal of systematic and evolutionary entomology published by the Netherlands Entomological Society. Snellen van Vollenhoven was a founder member of this Society. He described 9 genera and 471 species of insects. With Frederik Maurits van der Wulp he compiled the first checklist of the Diptera of the Netherlands.

Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen
Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen (30 August 1832 – 29 March 1911) was a Dutch entomologist.

Pieter Snellen was a merchant in Rotterdam. He is not to be confused with Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven, another entomologist from Rotterdam.
Hastings South
Hastings South was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1968. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Hastings East and Hastings West ridings.

It consisted of the townships of Hungerford, Tyendinaga, Thurlow and Sydney, and including the city of Belleville and towns of Trenton and Deseronto in the County of Hastings.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Hastings and Prince Edward—Hastings ridings.

Prince Edward—Hastings (federal electoral district)
Prince Edward—Hastings was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that existed in the House of Commons of Canada from 1968 to 2015. Its population in 2006 was 113,227. It was redistributed between Bay of Quinte electoral district and Hastings—Lennox and Addington electoral district as a result of the Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012.
Cinematek
The Royal Belgian Film Archive (French: Cinémathèque Royale de Belgique; Dutch: Koninklijk Belgisch Filmarchief), operating under the brand name CINEMATEK, is the national cinematheque of Belgium. The institution collects, preserves and makes available an extensive film collection, with a particular focus on Belgian cinema, and also organises film screenings, exhibitions and educational programmes.

CINEMATEK is a bicultural public utility foundation, subsidised by BELSPO and supported by the National Lottery. Its aim is to preserve films and documentation of lasting aesthetic, technical or historical value and make them accessible to researchers, students, journalists and film enthusiasts.

Cinematheque
A cinematheque is an archive of films and film-related objects with an exhibition venue. Similarly to a book library (bibliothèque in French), a cinematheque is responsible for preserving and making available to the public film heritage. Typically, a cinematheque has at least one motion picture theatre, which offers screenings of its collections and other international films.
Mili Atoll
Mili Atoll (Marshallese: Mile, [mʲilʲe]) is a coral atoll of 92 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands. It is located approximately 78 kilometers (48 mi) southeast of Arno. Its total land area is 14.9 square kilometers (5.8 sq mi) making it the second-largest of the Marshall Islands after Kwajalein.

It encloses a much smaller lagoon than Kwajalein, with an area of 760 square kilometers (290 sq mi). The atoll is separated by a water channel called the Klee Passage from the Knox Atoll which is considerably smaller.

The population of Mili Atoll was 497 at the 2021 census. The main village is also called Mili.  Other villages include Nallu, Enejet, Lukonor, Tokewa, and Wau, Mili.

Nallu, Enejet and Lukonwor are accessible from Mili by land only during lowtide. Only Mili and Enejet have runways for small aircraft. Mili Airport and Enejit Airport are served by Air Marshall Islands when its aircraft are operational.

Klee Passage
Klee Pass is a shallow, 3 nautical mile-wide channel of water which separates Knox Atoll from Mili Atoll in the Marshall Islands.

As of 2017, Klee Pass has a reported depth between 4.9m and 9.1m.

A submarine sand bank is located directly under the water channel. Due to this sand bank, the passage is not accessible to large sea vessels which could easily get embedded in the sand. The sand bank was originally above water forming a connection between the two atolls however, the erosion by the sea carved out this passage.
Pearl Lagoon
Pearl Lagoon is a municipality located in the South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region of Nicaragua. It is named after the Pearl Cay Lagoon, a prominent coastal lagoon within its territory. As of 2022, Pearl Lagoon Municipality had a population of 21,360.

Kukra Hill
Kukra Hill is a municipality and city in the South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region in the Republic of Nicaragua. It was granted municipal status in 1989; before then, it was administratively part of the municipality of Bluefields, in the former department of Zelaya.
Anthony Adverse (novel)
Anthony Adverse is a 1933 novel by American author Hervey Allen. It was published by Farrar & Rinehart.

The novel contains three volumes: The Roots of the Tree, The Other Bronze Boy and The Lonely Twin, and each volume contains three "books", making for nine books in total.

Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1930s
This is a list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1930s, as determined by Publishers Weekly. The list features the most popular novels of each year from 1930 through 1939.

The standards set for inclusion in the lists – which, for example, led to the exclusion of the novels in the Harry Potter series from the lists for the 1990s and 2000s – are currently unknown.
Entertainment Services and Technology Association
The Entertainment Services & Technology Association (ESTA) is an American non-profit trade association that represents the entertainment technology industry and is dedicated to promoting professionalism and growth within it. It also provides a forum where interested parties can exchange ideas and information, create standards and recommend certain practices, and face problems in terms of training and certification.

ESTA members provide a wide variety of products and services to the industry, which range from large corporations to individual designers. Its members include distributors, manufacturers, companies in the field of service and production, designers and consultants.

ESTA is currently in charge of reviewing the DMX512 protocol (Digital MultipleX) as well as the development of the new sACN protocol (Streaming Architecture for Control Networks), both communications protocols used to control the lighting of scenarios and special effects.

Professional Lighting and Sound Association
The Professional Lighting and Sound Association (PLASA) is a trade association headquartered in Eastbourne, United Kingdom.  Its membership is made up of companies involved with the events and entertainments technology sector.
Horse show
A horse show is a judged exhibition of horses and ponies. Many different horse breeds and equestrian disciplines hold competitions worldwide, from local to the international levels. Most horse shows run from one to three days, sometimes longer for major, all-breed events or national and international championships. Most shows consist of a series of different performances, called classes, wherein a group of horses with similar training or characteristics compete against one another for awards and, often, prize money.

Show jumping
Show jumping is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers. Sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events. Sometimes, show jumping is but one division of a very large, all-breed competition that includes a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation or the British Showjumping Association.  International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Lina Khan
Lina Maliha Khan (born March 3, 1989) is a British and American legal scholar who was the chair of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) from 2021 to 2025. She is also an associate professor at Columbia Law School.

While a student at Yale Law School, she became known for her work in antitrust and competition law after publishing the essay "Amazon's Antitrust Paradox" in 2017. President Joe Biden nominated her to the FTC in March 2021, and after her confirmation she became the youngest FTC chair ever that June. Following the 2025 New York City mayoral election, Khan was named co-chair of Zohran Mamdani's mayoral transitional team.

New America (organization)
New America, formerly the New America Foundation, is an American liberal think tank founded in 1999. It focuses on a range of public policy issues, including national security, technology, health, gender, energy, education, and the economy. The organization is based in Washington, D.C., and Oakland, California. Anne-Marie Slaughter is the think tank's chief executive officer.
Ancylosis gracilella
Ancylosis gracilella is a species of snout moth in the genus Ancylosis. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot, in 1887. It is found in Spain and North Macedonia, as well as Turkey.

The wingspan is 14–17 mm.

Ancylosis
Ancylosis is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Philipp Christoph Zeller in 1839, and is known from South Africa, Uzbekistan, Spain, Turkmenistan, Lebanon, Algeria, Tunisia, Russia, Israel, Palestine, Greece, Australia, Seychelles, Afghanistan, the United States, Iraq, Namibia, Kazakhstan, Iran, Mauritius, Mozambique, Lebanon, Argentina, Sri Lanka, and Yemen.
Koma Shrine
Koma Shrine (高麗神社, Koma Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in the city of Hidaka, Saitama. The word "Koma", pronounced in Korean as "Koryō(Goryeo)" is the ancient Japanese name for Korea, specifically the ancient Korean kingdom of Goguryeo, and the main temple kami of this shrine is the deified Prince Ko Yak'gwang (高若光), son of the last king of independent Goguryeo. The shrine was built by immigrants (Toraijins) of Goguryeo after its fall in 668.

Hidaka, Saitama
Hidaka (日高市, Hidaka-shi, Japanese pronunciation: [çiꜜ.da.ka, çi.da.kaꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2021, the city had an estimated population of 55,294 in 24,328 households and a population density of 1200 persons per km2. The total area of the city is  47.48 square kilometres (18.33 sq mi).