hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Usk railway station (Great Western Railway)
51°42′23″N 2°54′20″W﻿ / ﻿51.7063°N 2.9055°W﻿ / 51.7063; -2.9055

Usk railway station is a disused railway station in the town of Usk, Monmouthshire, South Wales. The station is now barely recognisable with the remains of the platforms beneath undergrowth, but the trackbed, the adjacent Usk Tunnel and road and river bridges remain extant and can be walked.

Usk
Usk (Welsh: Brynbuga) is a town and community in Monmouthshire, Wales, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Newport. It is located on the River Usk, which is spanned by an arched stone bridge at the western entrance to the town. Usk Castle, above the town, overlooks the ancient crossing point. It developed as a small market town, with some industry including the making of Japanware, and with a notable prison built in 1841–42. In recent years, Usk has become known for its history of success in Britain in Bloom competitions, winning the "Wales in Bloom" competition 35 times in a row between 1982 and 2016. The resident population of the town in 2011 was 2,834, decreasing to roughly 2,600 in 2021. 6.8% of the population are recorded as being able to speak Welsh.
William Lindsay Murphy
Sir William Lindsay Murphy, KCMG KStJ (1888–1965) was the British Governor of the Bahamas from 28 July 1945 to 1950. Prior to his appointment as governor, he was the Colonial Secretary of Bermuda from 1942 to 1945, before which he was the Mayor of Colombo and first Municipal Commissioner from 1937 to 1941 in Ceylon. The Irish poet Richard Murphy is his son. Sir William was educated at The Abbey Grammar School in Tipperary, County Tipperary. While governor of The Bahamas he officially opened the famous Lerner Marine Laboratory on the island of Bimini, a field station of the American Museum of Natural History. He was acting Governor-General of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland from February to October 1957.

His family's life in Ireland was documented in the film The Other Irish Travellers by his granddaughter, Fiona Murphy.

He is buried in Christ Church graveyard, Clifden, County Galway.

Colonial Secretary of Bermuda
This is a list of persons who have held the position of Colonial Secretary of Bermuda:

1808–1859: Robert Kennedy

1859–1875: Miles Gerald Keon

1875–1877: James Tucker

1877–1882: Randal (or Randall) Eden Webster

1882–1888: Charles Cavendish Boyle

1888–1900: [William] Archibald Alison

1900 (acting): Allan Frith Smith

1901–1908: Eyre Hutson

1908 (acting): Francis Goodwin Gosling

1908–1915: Reginald Popham Lobb (later Nicholson)

1915 (acting): Francis Goodwin Gosling

1916–1921: Wilfrid Edward Francis Jackson

1922–192?: Henry Monck-Mason Moore

1925–1929: Herbert Henniker-Heaton

1929–1932: Edward Walter Evans

1932–1935: Eubule John Waddington

1935–1938: Alexander William George Herder Grantham

1938–1942: Eric Aldhelm Torlogh Dutton

1942–1945: William Lindsay Murphy

1945–1950: William Addis

1951–1954: Oswald Raynor Arthur

1954–1956: Alan Geoffrey Tunstal Chaplin

1956–1968: Joseph Walter Sykes
Guldager Stationsby
Guldager Stationsby, until 2021 Ravnsbjerg, is a small railway town and northern suburb of Esbjerg, with a population of 519 (1 January 2025). It is located in Esbjerg Municipality 2 km east of Guldager and 9 km north of central Esbjerg in Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark.

The town is served by Guldager railway station on the Esbjerg–Struer railway line.

Guldager, Denmark
Guldager is a village and northern suburb of Esbjerg, with a population of 978 (1 January 2025), in Esbjerg Municipality, Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark.

Guldager Church from the 12th century is located in the village.

Esbjerg International School is located on the eastern outskirts of the village.

Guldager Stationsby is located 2 km east of Guldager at the Esbjerg–Struer railway line.
Raku (programming language)
Raku is a member of the Perl family of programming languages. Formerly named Perl 6, it was renamed in October 2019. Raku introduces elements of many modern and historical languages. Compatibility with Perl was not a goal, though a compatibility mode is part of the specification. The design process for Raku began in 2000.

Sigil (computer programming)
In computer programming, a sigil (/ˈsɪdʒəl/) is a symbol affixed to a variable name, showing the variable's datatype or scope, usually a prefix, as in $foo, where $ is the sigil.

Sigil, from the Latin sigillum, meaning a "little sign", means a sign or image supposedly having magical power. Sigils can be used to separate and demarcate namespaces that possess different properties or behaviors.
Chihuahuan Desert
The Chihuahuan Desert (Spanish: Desierto de Chihuahua, Desierto Chihuahuense) is a desert ecoregion designation covering parts of northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. It occupies much of far West Texas, the middle to lower Rio Grande Valley and the lower Pecos Valley in New Mexico, and a portion of southeastern Arizona, as well as the central and northern portions of the Mexican Plateau. It is bordered on the west by the Sonoran Desert, the Colorado Plateau, and the extensive Sierra Madre Occidental range, along with northwestern lowlands of the Sierra Madre Oriental range. Its largest, continual expanse is located in Mexico, covering a large portion of the state of Chihuahua, along with portions of Coahuila, north-eastern Durango, the extreme northern part of Zacatecas, and small western portions of Nuevo León. With an area of about 501,896 km2 (193,783 sq mi), it is the largest hot desert in North America. The desert is fairly young, existing for only 8,000 years.

Larrea tridentata
Larrea tridentata, also called creosote bush, greasewood, and chaparral is a medicinal herb. In Sonora, it is more commonly called hediondilla; Spanish hediondo = "smelly". It is a flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae. The specific name tridentata refers to its three-toothed leaves.
Young Labour (UK)
Young Labour is the youth section of the UK Labour Party. Membership is automatic for Labour Party members aged 14 to 26.

It exists to involve young people in the Labour Party and ensure that the aspirations of young people are reflected in Labour's policies in power. Young Labour members are able to get involved in the Labour Party through local policy events, campaigning or by attending events and social gatherings.

Young Labour hosts an annual conference, alternating between national committee elections and policy conferences every other year. Young Labour also holds a range of additional national events, including fringe sessions at the annual Labour Party Conference.

Young Labour is affiliated to both the International Union of Socialist Youth (IUSY) and Young European Socialists (YES).

Labour Party Young Socialists
The Labour Party Young Socialists (LPYS) was the youth section of the Labour Party in Britain from 1965 until 1991. In the 1980s, it had around 600 branches, 2,000 delegates at its national conferences and published a monthly newspaper, Left, later Socialist Youth. From the early 1970s, it was led by members of Militant.
Regionalliga Südwest
The Regionalliga Südwest ('Regional League Southwest') is the fourth tier of the German football league system in the states of Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.

The league was formed in 2012, when the clubs from the Regionalliga Süd, except those from Bavaria, were joined by the clubs of the Regionalliga West from Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate.

Southern German Football Association
The Southern German Football Association (German: Süddeutscher Fußball-Verband), the SFV, is one of five regional organisations of the German Football Association, the DFB, and covers the states of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse.

The SFV is in turn subdivided into the Baden Football Association, Bavarian Football Association, Hessian Football Association, South Baden Football Association and Württemberg Football Association.

In 2017, the SFV had 3,113,899 members, 9,809 member clubs and 60,929 teams playing in its league system.
CIÉ 001 Class
The Córas Iompair Éireann 001 Class locomotive was manufactured by Metropolitan-Vickers at their Dukinfield Works in Manchester. The 001 Class locomotive was the backbone of mainline passenger and freight train services on the Irish railway network for forty years from 1955 until the mid-1990s when they were replaced by the new 201 Class.

Crossley
Crossley, based in Manchester, United Kingdom, was a pioneering company in the production of internal combustion engines. Since 1989, it has been part of the Rolls-Royce Power Engineering group.

More than 100,000 Crossley oil and gas engines have been built.
Brega
Brega /ˈbreɪɡə/, also known as Mersa Brega or Marsa al-Brega (Arabic: مرسى البريقة Marsā al Burayqah, i.e. "Brega Seaport"), is a complex of several smaller towns, industry installations and education establishments situated in Libya on the Gulf of Sidra, the most southerly point of the Mediterranean Sea. It is located in the former Ajdabiya District, which in 2007 was merged into the Al Wahat District. The town is the center of Libya's second-largest hydro-carbon complex.

During the First Libyan Civil War, the town quickly fell to the Libyan opposition. Government forces attempted to capture the town on 2 March but were repelled; their attack on 13 March was successful, though rebels later recaptured it on 26 March. In April the rebels were again driven out of Brega, and a several-month long stalemate ensued. On 11 August 2011, the rebels claimed they had retaken the eastern part of Brega.

Ajdabiya District
Ajdabiya (Arabic: إجدابيا) is a former district of Libya. It lay in the northeastern part of the country. Its capital was Ajdabiya. As of 2007, it was subsumed within the enlarged Al Wahat District.

When Ajdabiya district was in existence from 2001 to 2007, it had, in the north, a short stretch of coastline on the Mediterranean Sea. On land, it bordered the following districts:

Hizam al Akhdar - northeast

Al Wahat - east

Kufra - southeast

Jufra - southwest

Sirte - west

Ajdabiya district previously also existed from 1987 to 1995 when it covered a larger area, including all of the 2001-2007 Al Wahat District, and some additional area to the south.
Laureate Plate of Madrid
The Laureate Badge of Madrid (Spanish: Placa Laureada de Madrid) was the highest military award for gallantry of the Second Spanish Republic. It was awarded in recognition of action, either individual or collective, to protect the nation and its citizens in the face of immediate risk to the bearer or bearers' life. Those eligible were members of the Spanish Republican Armed Forces and testimonies of reliable witnesses were checked prior to concession.

Named after the capital of Spain, symbolizing courage and the defence of the Republic during the Siege of Madrid throughout the Spanish Civil War, the Laureate Badge of Madrid was established on 25 May 1937 as the Spanish Republican equivalent to the Laureate Cross of Saint Ferdinand awarded by the monarchy and the Nationalist faction.

Battle of Cape Palos (1938)
The Battle of Cape Palos, also known as the Second Battle of Cape Palos, was the biggest naval battle of the Spanish Civil War, fought on the night of March 5–6, 1938, east of Cape Palos near Cartagena, Spain.
Korçë District
Korçë District (Albanian: Rrethi i Korçës), was one of the 36 districts of Albania, which were dissolved in July 2000 and replaced by 12 counties. It had a population of 143,499 in 2001, and an area of 1,752 km2 (676 sq mi). Its capital was the city of Korçë. Its territory is now part of Korçë County: the municipalities of Korçë, Maliq and Pustec.

Korçë District was considered one of two main minority regions of the country's south.
During World War I the French created the Republic of Korça in the area.

Districts of Albania
Districts (Albanian: rrathë or rrathët) were first and second-level administrative divisions of Albania from 1913–2000. Their number, size, and status changed over time. From 1991 to 2000, the 36 districts were organized into 12 counties. Pursuant to the 1998 Constitution and Law No. 8653, the districts were abolished and replaced with the larger counties and smaller municipalities.
Sula, Møre og Romsdal
Sula (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsʉ̀ːɽɑ] ⓘ) is an island in Sula Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The island (and municipality) are part of the Ålesund Region surrounding the city of Ålesund.  The 59-square-kilometre (23 sq mi) island lies north of the Storfjorden, northeast of the Sulafjorden, and south of the Borgundfjorden. The island is connected to the nearby island of Uksenøya by a short bridge on the European route E39 highway.  The island is mountainous, with almost all residents living in the northern and eastern shores.  The southwestern half of the island is mountains, the highest being the 776-metre (2,546 ft) tall mountain Tverrfjellet (the peak is named Vardane). Most residents live in the municipal centre, Langevåg, in the north, and Fiskarstrand and Mauseidvåg are other large population centres. There are two churches on the island: Langevåg Church and Indre Sula Church.

Sulafjorden
Sulafjorden (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsʉ̀ːɽɑˌfjuːɳ]) is a fjord (more accurately, a sound) in Sula Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located on the border of Sula Municipality and Hareid Municipality. The great Storfjorden flows out into the Sulafjorden which then flows out into the Breidsundet sound, and on into the ocean.

The 9-kilometre (5.6 mi) long fjord is about 4 to 5 kilometres (2.5 to 3.1 mi) wide and it reaches a maximum depth of 445 metres (1,460 ft) below sea level. The island of Sula sits on the northeast side of the fjord and the island of Hareidlandet is to the southwest. The main settlements along the fjord include the villages of Brandal, Hareid, and Hjørungavåg, all on Hareidlandet. The island of Sula has very few inhabitants along the Sulafjorden.
3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment
The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) is the armoured infantry battalion of the Australian Army, based in Kapyong Lines, Townsville as part of the 3rd Brigade (Armoured Amphibious). 3 RAR traces its lineage to 1945 and has seen operational service in Japan, Korea, Malaya, Borneo, South Vietnam, Rifle Company Butterworth, East Timor, the Solomon Islands, Afghanistan, and Iraq.

International Force East Timor
The International Force East Timor (INTERFET) was a multinational non-United Nations peacemaking task force, organised and led by Australia in accordance with United Nations resolutions to address the humanitarian and security crisis that took place in East Timor from 1999–2000 until the arrival of UN peacekeepers. INTERFET was commanded by an Australian military officer, Major General Peter Cosgrove.
Dyersburg Army Air Base
Dyersburg Army Air Base is an inactive United States Air Force base, approximately 2 miles north of Halls, Tennessee.  It was active during World War II as a training airfield. It was closed on 30 November 1945

Dyersburg AAB was the largest combat aircrew training school built during the early war years. It was the only inland B-17 Flying Fortress training base east of the Mississippi River. The base was located on 2,541 acres (10.28 km2), not including the practice range. Approximately 7,700 crewmen received their last phase training at DAAB. 114 crew men lost their lives.

346th Bombardment Group
The 346th Bombardment Group is a former United States Army Air Forces unit. It was last assigned to the 316th Bombardment Wing at Kadena Airfield, Okinawa, where it was inactivated on 30 June 1946.  The group was originally a heavy bomber training unit, but was inactivated in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units in 1944.  It was reorganized as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress group later that year.  It moved to Okinawa in 1945, but arrived too late to participate in combat.
Nakagusuku Castle
Nakagusuku Castle (中城城, Nakagusuku jō; Okinawan: Nakagushiku) is a Ryukyuan gusuku fortification located in the village of Kitanakagusuku, Okinawa, Japan. It is known for being the best-preserved of any gusuku ruins, and the six courtyards of this fortress with stacked stone walls make it a prime example of a gusuku.  It has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 1972.  The designated area is 110,473 square meters, of which 14,473 square meters is the castle grounds. In November 2000, it was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu, along with the Shuri Castle ruins and others.

Gusuku
Gusuku (グスク, 御城; Okinawan: gushiku) often refers to castles or fortresses in the Ryukyu Islands that feature stone walls. However, the origin and essence of gusuku remain controversial. In the archaeology of the Ryukyu Islands, the Gusuku period refers to an archaeological epoch of the Okinawa Islands that follows the shell-mound period and precedes the Sanzan period, when most gusuku are thought to have been built. Many gusuku and related cultural remains on Okinawa Island have been listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites under the title Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu.
Katowice Airport
Katowice Wojciech Korfanty Airport (Polish: Katowice Airport im. Wojciecha Korfantego) (IATA: KTW, ICAO: EPKT) is an international airport, located in Pyrzowice, 30 km (19 mi) north of Katowice, Poland. The airport is named after Wojciech Korfanty, a politician of the early years of Polish independence. It is the fourth-busiest airport in Poland by passenger volumes, with just shy of 7.3 million passengers in 2025. It is also the second-busiest airport in the country by cargo volume and the largest origin of charter flights in Poland.

Wizz Air
Wizz Air Holdings Plc., stylized as W!ZZ, is a Hungarian ultra-low cost airline multinational group headquartered in Budapest, Hungary. The company includes subsidiaries Wizz Air Hungary, Wizz Air Malta, and Wizz Air UK. The airlines serve numerous cities across Europe, as well as some destinations in North Africa, the Middle East, and South and Central Asia. As of 2023, the airline group has its largest bases at Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport, Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport, and Luton Airport and flies to 194 airports. Its parent company, Wizz Air Holdings plc, is registered in Jersey and listed on the London Stock Exchange. It is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Kipoi, Ioannina
Kipoi (Greek: Κήποι, before 1928: Μπάγια, Bagia) is a village in the region of Zagori. It belongs to the municipal unit of Tymfi, Ioannina regional unit, Greece. The village has the lowest altitude of all Zagori village and is surrounded by rivers. It is built on a rocky hill, in the southern end of Vikos Gorge.

Vikos Gorge
The Vikos Gorge or Vikos Canyon (Greek: Φαράγγι του Βίκου) is a gorge in the Pindus Mountains of northwestern Greece. It lies on the southern slopes of Mount Tymphe with a length of about 32 km, depth ranging from 120 to 1350 m, and a width ranging from 2500 m to only a few meters at its narrowest part.

Vikos is listed as the world's "deepest relative to its width" gorge by the Guinness Book of Records among others.
Danville Historic District (Danville, Virginia)
The Danville Historic District, also known as the Millionaire's Row and Old West End Historic District, is a national historic district located at Danville, Virginia. In 1973, the 110-acre (45 ha) district included 272 contributing buildings.  They are considered the finest and most concentrated collection of Victorian and Edwardian residential architecture in Virginia. It includes notable examples of the Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival styles.  Located in the district is the separately listed Langhorne House, Penn-Wyatt House, and the Sutherlin Mansion, the last official residence of President Jefferson Davis.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Penn–Wyatt House
Penn–Wyatt House, also known as the Hoffman House, is a historic home located at Danville, Virginia. It was built in 1876, and modified between 1887 and 1903.  It is a two-story, stuccoed brick dwelling with  Italianate- and Second Empire-style architectural elements.  It features projecting bay windows, a central three-story entrance tower topped by a bell-cast mansard roof, brownstone quoining, a one-story porch with Ionic order columns, and a multi-gable roof.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.  It is located in the Danville Historic District.
Krammer
The Krammer is a body of fresh water located in the western part of Volkerak in the Netherlands.

It is part of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, and is situated between the islands Goeree-Overflakkee and Sint Philipsland. To the west, it continues into the Grevelingen, from which it is separated by the Grevelingendam.

Before 1967, it was a tidal river, but it was closed off as part of the Delta Works.

Grevelingendam
The Grevelingendam is a dam located in the Grevelingen sea inlet between Schouwen-Duiveland and Goeree-Overflakkee in The Netherlands. The Grevelingendam was the fourth structure constructed as part of the Delta Works.

The dam is six kilometres in length. Construction began in 1958 with the aim of delivering it in 1964. Due to several setbacks, the construction of the dam took seven years and was opened on 1 April 1965 by Minister of Transport and Water Management, Jan van Aartsen. There is a navigation lock at the southern end of the dam near Bruinisse, and nearby a control lock using a siphon system, known as the Flakkeese Spuisluis, which connects the Eastern Scheldt with the Grevelingenmeer.

The construction of the Grevelingendam permitted Dutch civil engineers and contractors to gain experience that would be necessary for the Brouwersdam, along with more complicated closure works such as those at the Haringvlietdam, and the Oosterscheldekering.
Afzal Khan (general)
Afzal Khan (died 20 November 1659) was a general of the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur Sultanate in the Deccan of India. He played an important role in the southern expansion of the Bijapur Sultanate by subjugating the Nayaka chiefs who had taken control of the former Vijayanagara territory.

In 1659, the Bijapur government sent Afzal Khan to subjugate Shivaji, a former vassal turned rebel. He was killed at a truce negotiation meeting with Shivaji, and his army was defeated at the Battle of Pratapgad.

Sabhasad Bakhar
Shri-Shiva-Prabhuche-Charitra (IAST: Sri-Aiva-Prabhuce-Caritra), better known as Sabhasad Bakhar, is a Marathi language biography of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire. It was written by Krishnaji Anant Sabhasad at Jinji, at the court of Shivaji's son Rajaram in 1697.

The text describes several notable events in Shivaji's life, including Shivaji's killing of Afzal Khan, his visit to and escape from the Mughal court, his coronation, and his meeting with Venkoji. Since the author was a contemporary of Shivaji, it is considered the most reliable bakhar about the king's life.

The Siva Chhatrapati volume is the English translation of the Sabhasad Bakhar.