hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salacgrīva Municipality
Salacgrīva Municipality (Latvian: Salacgrīvas novads) is a former municipality of Latvia. It was created as a result of the territorial reform in 2009, which united several former parts of Limbaži region - Salacgrīva town with its rural areas, Ainaži town with its rural territory and Liepupe Parish. Salacgrīva municipality is bordered by Aloja and Limbaži municipalities and Estonian Pärnu circuit. The centre of the municipality was Salacgrīva. The population in 2020 was 7,152.

On 1 July 2021, Salacgrīva Municipality ceased to exist and its territory was merged into Limbaži Municipality.

Limbaži Municipality
Limbaži Municipality (Latvian: Limbažu novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Katvari Parish, Limbaži Parish, Pāle Parish, Skulte Parish, Umurga Parish, Vidriži Parish, Viļķene Parish and Limbaži town, with the administrative centre being Limbaži.

On 1 July 2021, Limbaži Municipality was enlarged when Aloja Municipality and Salacgrīva Municipality were merged into it. Since that date, Limbaži Municipality consists of the following administrative units: Ainaži Parish, Ainaži town, Aloja Parish, Aloja town, Braslava Parish, Brīvzemnieki Parish, Katvari Parish, Liepupe Parish, Limbaži Parish, Limbaži town, Pāle Parish, Salacgrīva Parish, Salacgrīva town, Skulte Parish, Staicele Parish, Staicele town, Umurga Parish, Vidriži Parish and Viļķene Parish. Latvian law defines the entire territory of Limbaži Municipality as a part of the region of Vidzeme. It borders Estonia.
Steroid hormone
A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into two classes: corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex, hence cortico-) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta). Within those two classes are five types according to the receptors to which they bind: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids (both corticosteroids) and androgens, estrogens, and progestogens (sex steroids). Vitamin D derivatives are a sixth closely related hormone system with homologous receptors. They have some of the characteristics of true steroids as receptor ligands.

Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand injury and illness. The term steroid describes both hormones produced by the body and artificially produced medications that duplicate the action for the naturally occurring steroids.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.
Ray Novotny
Raymond John Novotny Sr. (October 12, 1907 – May 30, 1995) was an American football player and coach.  He played professionally with the Portsmouth Spartans, Cleveland Indians and Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League (NFL). Prior to playing in the NFL, Novotny played college football at Ashland University. While at Ashland, he earned All-American honors in 1929. In 1934, he returned to Ashland to serve as the school's football coach. He also served as the baseball coach for the 1935 season.

His grandson is Maryland politician Reid Novotny.

Reid Novotny
Reid Justin Novotny (born March 22, 1978) is an American politician who was a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from District 9A, which includes parts of Howard and Carroll counties, from 2021 to 2023.
Kingswood College, Kandy
Kingswood College, Kandy (Sinhala: කිංග්ස්වුඩ් විද්‍යාලය) is a public day and boarding school for boys in Kandy, Sri Lanka. The school educates over 3,500 students from primary to secondary levels and is staffed by more than 300 faculty members. It was founded by Louis Edmund Blaze on 4 May 1891 with the aim of providing education grounded in Methodist principles.

Initially opened with just eleven students at Pavilion Street, the school later relocated to Randles Hill. It is one of the oldest schools in Kandy and is commonly known as KCK.

John Randles
Sir John Scurrah Randles (25 December 1857 – 11 February 1945) was a British businessman and Conservative politician. He was knighted in 1905 by King Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (1841-1910).
Angry Anderson
Gary Stephen "Angry" Anderson AM (born 5 August 1947) is an Australian rock singer, songwriter, television personality and actor. He has been the lead vocalist and the longest-tenured remaining member of the hard rock band Rose Tattoo since 1976. As a solo artist, he is best known for his international hit "Suddenly" (1987).

On Australia Day 26 January 1993, Anderson was made a Member of the Order of Australia for his role as a youth advocate. According to rock music historian Ian McFarlane, "over the course of a lengthy career, [the] gravel-throated vocalist ... has gone from attention-grabbing, rock'n'roll bad boy to all-round Australian media star." Rose Tattoo were inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame in 2006.

Dallas Royall
Dallas Leslie "Digger" Royall (1949 – 1991) was an Australian hard rock drummer. He was a member of Band of Talabene (1973), Buster Brown (1975) and Rose Tattoo (1976–1983). He died of an unspecified cancer in 1991 while being treated for heroin and alcohol addictions.
1977–78 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team
The 1977–78 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team were coached by Joe B. Hall. The team finished the season with a 30–2 record and SEC Championship and won the 1978 NCAA Championship over Duke, 94–88. Noting the all-or-nothing pressure exhibited on the team by Kentucky fans, Hall remarked before the title game that "This season was without celebration for us."

1977–78 Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team
The 1977–78 Duke Blue Devils men's basketball team represented Duke University. The head coach was Bill Foster. The team played its home games in the Cameron Indoor Stadium in Durham, North Carolina, and was a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They advanced through the NCAA tournament to the championship game, where they lost to the Kentucky Wildcats by a score of 94–88.
Franktown, Colorado
Franktown is an unincorporated town, a post office, and a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Franktown post office has the ZIP Code 80116. At the United States Census 2020, the population of the Franktown CDP was 409.

Castlewood Canyon State Park
Castlewood Canyon State Park is a Colorado state park near Franktown, Colorado. The park retains a unique part of Colorado's history, the remains of Castlewood Canyon Dam. Visitors can still see the remnants and damage from that dam which burst in 1933. The event sent a 15-foot (5 m) wave of water all the way to downtown Denver resulting in a flood.  Also contained within the park is the historic Cherry Creek Bridge.
Landstede Hammers
Landstede Hammers is a Dutch basketball club based in Zwolle. The club plays in the BNXT League, the Dutch top tier division. The club was founded as Cees Lubbers The Hammers in 1995. In 1999, the club’s name was changed into Landstede Hammers. In 2001, the club received its current name Landstede Basketbal as the team became part of the same-named educational institution in Zwolle. The home games of the club are played in the Landstede Sportcentrum.

In its existence, Landstede won the DBL championship one time in 2019. In 2017, the club captured its first trophy when it won the Dutch Supercup.

2017 Dutch Basketball Supercup
The 2017 Dutch Basketball Supercup was the 7th edition of the Dutch Basketball Supercup. The game was played in the MartiniPlaza in Groningen.

The game featured Donar, the defending champions of the Dutch Basketball League, and Landstede Basketbal, the runner-up of the 2016–17 NBB Cup. Landstede played in its first Supercup game.

Landstede won its first trophy in club history.
The Post and Courier
The Post and Courier is the main daily newspaper in Charleston, South Carolina.  It traces its ancestry to three newspapers: the Charleston Courier, founded in 1803; the Charleston Daily News, founded 1865; and The Evening Post, founded 1894. Through the Courier, it brands itself as the oldest daily newspaper in the South and one of the oldest continuously operating newspapers in the United States. It is the flagship newspaper of Evening Post Industries, which is owned by the Manigault family of Charleston, descendants of Peter Manigault.

It is the largest newspaper in South Carolina, followed by Columbia's The State and The Greenville News. It has newsrooms in Greenville, Columbia, Spartanburg, Myrtle Beach, Hilton Head Island, and elsewhere in the state.

Peter Manigault
Peter Manigault (October 10, 1731 – November 12, 1773) was an attorney, plantation owner, and colonial legislator native to  Charleston, South Carolina. He was the wealthiest man in the British North American colonies at the time of his death and owned hundreds of enslaved persons. He was the son-in-law of Joseph Wragg, the largest slave trader of North America in the 1730s.
Mohamed Farrah Aidid
Mohamed Farrah Hasan Garad (Somali: Maxamed Faarax Xasan Garaad, 'Caydiid Garaad' ; Arabic: محمد فرح حسن عيديد; 15 December 1934 – 1 August 1996), popularly known as General Aidid or Aideed, was a Somali military officer, diplomat, and warlord.

Habar Gidir
The Habar Gidir (Somali: Habar Gidir, Arabic: هبر جدر) is a subclan of the Hawiye. The clan has produced some prominent Somali figures, including the first Prime Minister of Somalia Abdullahi Issa Mohamud, the 20th century military commander Hersi Gurey, and Somalia's fifth President Abdiqasim Salad Hassan.
La Corporación
La Corporación ("The Corporation"), also known as the Santa Ana Cartel, was a Bolivian drug cartel and criminal organization, headed in the 1970s and 1980s by notorious drug lord Roberto Suárez Gómez, known as the "King of Cocaine".

"La Corporación" was founded in the 1970s by several drug traffickers and transnational criminals. After the 1980 coup d'état, "La Corporación" received political protection from the Bolivian military dictatorship, effectively making Bolivia a narco-state, and became one of the largest cocaine producers in the world. They were allied with several Mexican and Colombian drug cartels and had a notable presence in Santa Cruz de la Sierra.

Drug cartel
A drug cartel   is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other. Drug cartels often transport both drugs and narcotics, and most often the term "Narcotics cartel" is not used to describe an organization that transports the latter legally defined set of illegal substances, such as marijuana.
Mombercelli
Mombercelli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Asti.

Mombercelli borders the following municipalities: Belveglio, Castelnuovo Calcea, Montaldo Scarampi, Montegrosso d'Asti, Rocca d'Arazzo, Rocchetta Tanaro, and Vinchio. It is located on a hill that is a local center of wine production.

Montaldo Scarampi
Montaldo Scarampi is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 704 and an area of 6.7 square kilometres (2.6 sq mi).

Montaldo Scarampi borders the following municipalities: Mombercelli, Montegrosso d'Asti, and Rocca d'Arazzo.
Åknes, Agder
Åknes is a village in Åseral municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located in the northern part of the Logna river valley, about 18 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of the municipal centre of Kyrkjebygda. The village sits on the north shore of the lake Lognavatnet. The Åknes Chapel was built here in 1873 to serve the northern part of the municipality. The small village of Bortelid lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the north.

Åknes Chapel
Åknes Church (Norwegian: Åknes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Åseral Municipality, Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Åknes. It is one of the churches for the Åseral parish which is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a rectangular design in 1873 using plans drawn up by the architects Tobias Flottorp and Gård Ekså. The church seats about 150 people.
Victory, Vermont
Victory is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. The population was 70 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Berlin, NH –VT Micropolitan Statistical Area. Victory was, along with neighboring Granby, one of the last two towns in Vermont to be linked to the electric grid, in 1963.

Essex County, Vermont
Essex County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,920, making it the least-populous county in both Vermont and New England. Its shire town (county seat) is the municipality of Guildhall. The county was created in 1792 and organized in 1800. Bordered by the Connecticut River next to New Hampshire, Essex County is south of the Canadian province of Quebec. It is the county with the lowest household-income in Vermont.
Stanley Tavern
The Stanley Tavern is a historic tavern building at 371 Main Street in Hopkinton, New Hampshire, United States. The oldest portion of this Georgian wood-frame structure was built c. 1791 by Theophilus Stanley, to serve as a tavern in the town, which was at the time vying (unsuccessfully, as it turned out) with Concord to be the state capital. It is the only surviving tavern of three that were known to be present in the town in the late 18th and early 19th century. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005, and the New Hampshire State Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Hopkinton, New Hampshire
Hopkinton is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,914 at the 2020 census. The town has three distinct communities: Hopkinton village, mainly a residential area in the center of the town; Contoocook, the town's business hub, located in the north; and West Hopkinton, within the more agricultural portion of the town. The town is home to the Hopkinton State Fair, adjacent to Contoocook village, and to the historic Contoocook Railroad Depot and the Contoocook Railroad Bridge, the oldest covered railroad bridge in the United States.
Gijbeland
Gijbeland is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Molenlanden.

In 2001, the village of Gijbeland had 435 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.068 km2, and contained 183 residences.
The statistical area "Gijbeland", which also can include the peripheral parts of the village, as well as the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 930.

Molenlanden
Molenlanden (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmoːlə(n)ˌlɑndə(n)]) is a municipality in the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 by merging the municipalities of Giessenlanden en Molenwaard. It is located east of Rotterdam along and south of the Lek. The World Heritage Site of Kinderdijk is in the municipality. Its largest population centers are Nieuw-Lekkerland and Giessenburg.

The municipality includes the settlements of Arkel, Bleskensgraaf, Brandwijk, De Donk, Gelkenes, Gijbeland, Giessen-Oudekerk, Giessenburg, Goudriaan, Graafland, Groot-Ammers, Hofwegen Hoogblokland, Hoornaar, Kinderdijk, Kooiwijk, Langerak, Liesveld, Molenaarsgraaf, Nieuw-Lekkerland, Nieuwpoort, Noordeloos, Ottoland, Oud-Alblas, Schelluinen, Streefkerk, Vuilendam, Waal, and Wijngaarden.
Meire Grove, Minnesota
Meire Grove (/ˈmaɪər/ MIRE) is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, Meire Grove had a population of 180. It is part of the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Minnesota State Highway 4 serves as a main route in the community, and Interstate 94/U.S. Highway 52 is nearby.

St. Cloud metropolitan area
The St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, consists of two counties in central Minnesota, anchored by the city of St. Cloud. In the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 201,093; a July 1, 2012, Census Bureau estimate placed the population at 190,014. As of the 2020 census, the population was 199,671, in 2022, 201,868.

The St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area is part of the Minneapolis-Saint Paul, MN-WI Combined Statistical Area.
Victoire Léodile Béra
Victoire Léodile Béra (18 August 1824 – 20 May 1900) was a French novelist, journalist and feminist. She took the name of André Léo, her two twin sons' names.

In 1866 a feminist group called the Société pour la Revendication du Droit des Femmes began to meet at the house of André Léo in Paris. Members included Paule Minck, Louise Michel, Eliska Vincent, Élie Reclus and his wife Noémi Reclus, Mme Jules Simon and Caroline de Barrau. Maria Deraismes also participated. Because of the broad range of opinions, the group decided to focus on the subject of improving girls' education.

Eliska Vincent
Eliska Vincent (née Eliska Girard 1841–1914) was a Utopian socialist and militant feminist in France. She argued that women had lost civil rights that existed in the Middle Ages, and these should be restored. In the late 1880s and 1890s she was one of the most influential of the Parisian feminists.  She created extensive archives on the feminist movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries, but these have been lost.
Richard Taylor Jacob
Richard Taylor Jacob (March 13, 1825 – September 13, 1903) was an American attorney and politician, elected as the 18th lieutenant governor of Kentucky (1863–67). Although a slaveholder, he was loyal to the Union during the American Civil War, raising the 9th Kentucky Cavalry for its defense.

Due to his support of Democratic Party candidate George B. McClellan for the presidency in 1864, Jacob was arrested and expelled from the state during the war. Governor Thomas E. Bramlette appealed to President Abraham Lincoln for Jacob's release, and he was subsequently allowed to return to Kentucky.

John J. Jacob (Kentucky businessman)
John Jeremiah Jacob (October 20, 1778 – 1852) was an American businessman, financier, real estate developer, and philanthropist active in Kentucky. He was involved in banking, as well as in commerce, real estate, and infrastructure: railroads, canal, bridge, and utilities.
Prominent Hill mine
The Prominent Hill Mine is a major copper, silver, and gold mine in north west South Australia, 130 km south-east of Coober Pedy, which was developed by Oxiana Limited, later to become Oz Minerals, and now owned by BHP. The deposit is an iron oxide copper gold style mineralisation.

The mine, which cost A$1.15 billion to develop, was projected to produce 100,000 tonnes of copper and 115,000 ounces of gold in concentrates per year. As of 2018, the mine life was expected to extend to 2030.: 18

Coober Pedy
Coober Pedy (/ˈkuːbər ˈpiːdi/) is a town in northern South Australia, 846 km (526 mi) north of Adelaide on the Stuart Highway.  The town is sometimes referred to as the "opal capital of the world" because of the quantity of precious opals mined there. A blower truck is raised above the town sign, representing the importance of opal mining to the town's history. Coober Pedy is also renowned for its below-ground dwellings, called "dugouts", which are built in this fashion due to the scorching daytime heat.

The name "Coober Pedy" is thought to derive from the Kokatha-Barngarla term kupa-piti, which translates to "whitefellas' hole", but in 1975 the local Aboriginal people of the town adopted the name Umoona, which means "long life" and is also their name for the mulga tree.
Renin
Renin (etymology and pronunciation), also known as an angiotensinogenase, is an aspartic protease protein and enzyme secreted by the kidneys that participates in the body's renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)—also known as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis—that increases the volume of extracellular fluid (blood plasma, lymph, and interstitial fluid) and causes arterial vasoconstriction. Thus, it increases the body's mean arterial blood pressure.

Renin is not commonly referred to as a hormone, although it has a receptor, the (pro)renin receptor, also known as the renin receptor and prorenin receptor (see also below), as well as enzymatic activity with which it hydrolyzes angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.

Renin stability regulatory element (REN-SRE)
The Renin stability regulatory element (REN-SRE) is a cis-acting element identified in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of the renin (REN) gene. It acts to regulate the levels of renin protein produced in the cell. Renin is secreted by renal juxtaglomerular cells and catalyses the conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I which is the rate-limiting step in the production of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II induces hypertension and REN therefore requires tight expression control.

REN-SRE is thought to act by destabilising the REN messenger RNA (mRNA) and promoting degradation of the mRNA sequence. It has been found that a number of proteins bind to the REN-SRE to stabilise the mRNA and promote translation.
Functor category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a functor category  is a category where the objects are the functors  and the morphisms are natural transformations  between the functors (here,  is another object in the category). Functor categories are of interest for two main reasons:

many commonly occurring categories are (disguised) functor categories, so any statement proved for general functor categories is widely applicable;

every category embeds in a functor category (via the Yoneda embedding); the functor category often has nicer properties than the original category, allowing certain operations that were not available in the original setting.

Functor
In mathematics, specifically category theory, a functor is a mapping between categories.  Functors were first considered in algebraic topology, where algebraic objects (such as the fundamental group) are associated to topological spaces, and maps between these algebraic objects are associated to continuous maps between spaces.   Nowadays, functors are used throughout modern mathematics to relate various categories. Thus, functors are important in every area of mathematics where category theory is applied.

The words category and functor were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively.  The latter used functor in a linguistic context;
see function word.