hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ouachita Mountains
The Ouachita Mountains (/ˈwɒʃɪtɔː/), simply referred to as the Ouachitas, are a mountain range in western Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma. They are formed by a thick succession of highly deformed Paleozoic strata constituting the Ouachita Fold and Thrust Belt, one of the important orogenic belts of North America. The Ouachitas continue in the subsurface to the northeast, where they make a poorly understood connection with the Appalachians and to the southwest, where they join with the Marathon uplift area of West Texas. Together with the Ozark Plateaus, the Ouachitas form the U.S. Interior Highlands. The highest natural point is Mount Magazine at 2,753 feet (839 m).

The Ouachita Mountains is a Level III ecoregion designated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The region has been subdivided into six Level IV ecoregions.

Garland County, Arkansas
Garland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,180. The county seat is Hot Springs.

Garland County comprises the Hot Springs, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county includes Hot Springs National Park, the only national park in the state of Arkansas as well as the first property to be protected under federal legislation. A law was passed in 1832 supported by President Andrew Jackson to preserve this area, even before Arkansas was admitted as a state.
Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (/ˈbjɜːrnsən/ BYURN-sən, Norwegian: [ˈbjø̂ːɳstjæːɳə mɑrˈtiːnɪʉ̂s ˈbjø̂ːɳsɔn]; 8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit". The first Norwegian Nobel laureate, he was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of the four great Norwegian writers, alongside Ibsen, Lie, and Kielland. He is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". The composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on a text by Bjørnson, as did Anna Teichmüller (Die Prinzessin).

Edmund Gosse
Sir Edmund William Gosse CB (/ɡɒs/; 21 September 1849 – 16 May 1928) was an English poet, author and critic. He was strictly brought up in a small Protestant sect, the Plymouth Brethren, but broke away sharply from that faith. His account of his childhood in the book Father and Son has been described as the first psychological biography.

His friendship with the sculptor Hamo Thornycroft inspired a successful career as a historian of late-Victorian sculpture. His translations of Henrik Ibsen helped to promote that playwright in England, and he encouraged the careers of Sarojini Naidu, Toru Dutt, W. B. Yeats and James Joyce. He also lectured in English literature at Cambridge University.
Máedóc of Ferns
Saint Máedóc of Ferns (Old Irish: [ˈmaːi̯ðoːɡ]; fl. 6th & 7th century), also known as Saint Aidan (Irish: Áedan; Welsh: Aeddan; Latin: Aidanus), Saint Madoc or Saint Mogue (Irish: Mo Aodh Óg), was an Irish saint. He was the first Bishop of Ferns in County Wexford, and the founder of thirty churches.

Rossinver
Rossinver or Rosinver (Irish: Ros Inbhir, meaning 'the peninsula of the river mouth') is a small village in north County Leitrim, Ireland. The village is home to a retired monastery of the same name and is at the southern shore of Lough Melvin, home to two rare species of trout – the Gillaroo and the Sonaghan – as well as the common brown trout. There is a fishery at Eden Quay and boats and gillies are available locally. There is a mile-long river walk to Fowley's Falls on the Glenaniff River which follows a series of waterfalls.
Hough, Cleveland
Hough (pronounced /hʌf/) is a neighborhood situated on the East Side of Cleveland, Ohio. Roughly two square miles, the neighborhood is bounded to Superior and Euclid Avenue between East 55th and East 105th streets. Placed between Downtown Cleveland and University Circle, Hough borders Fairfax and Cedar–Central to the South and Glenville and St. Clair–Superior to the North. The neighborhood became a target for revitalization during the mid-20th century, after the 1966 Hough Riots.

St. Clair–Superior
St. Clair–Superior is a neighborhood on the East Side in Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States. Largely settled in the 1880s and 1890s by Eastern European immigrants, white flight in the 1990s left the neighborhood largely African American. It is one of the oldest and most culturally diverse neighborhoods in Cleveland today.
Shinnan Glacier
Shinnan Glacier (Japanese: 新南氷河, Shinnan Hyoga) is a glacier which flows northwest to the coast just east of Shinnan Rocks and marks the division between Queen Maud Land and Enderby Land. Mapped from surveys and air photos by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957–62, and named Shinnan Hyōga (new south glacier).

Shinnan Rocks
67°57′S 44°33′E﻿ / ﻿67.950°S 44.550°E﻿ / -67.950; 44.550
Shinnan Rocks is a substantial area of exposed coastal rocks at the west side of Shinnan Glacier in Queen Maud Land. Mapped from surveys and air photos by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957–1962, and named Shinnan-iwa (new south rocks).
Cape Catastrophe
Cape Catastrophe is a headland  in the Australian state of South Australia located at the southeast tip of Jussieu Peninsula on Eyre Peninsula. It is one of the natural features named by the British navigator Matthew Flinders in memory of the eight crew who were lost from a cutter that capsized sometime after being launched from HM Sloop Investigator to search for water on 21 February 1802.
Flinders also nominated the headland as being the western point of the mouth of Spencer Gulf.
It is currently located within the gazetted locality of Lincoln National Park and the protected area known as the Memory Cove Wilderness Protection Area.

Jussieu Peninsula
Jussieu Peninsula is a peninsula located at the south east end of Eyre Peninsula in South Australia.  
It is bounded by Proper Bay and Spalding Cove within the natural harbour known as Port Lincoln to the north, Spencer Gulf to the east and the Great Australian Bight to the south.  While it was first explored and mapped by Matthew Flinders during February 1802, Flinders did not name it.  In 1913, the name proposed  by François Péron and Louis de Freycinet from Baudin's expedition when it visited later in 1802 was declared as the peninsula's official name by the Government of South Australia.  Jussieu refers to the French botanist, Antoine Laurent de Jussieu.  While parts of its surface have been cleared and used for agricultural purposes in the past, it is currently occupied by two protected areas: the Lincoln National Park and the Memory Cove Wilderness Protection Area.
Second Sutong Yangtze River Bridge
The Second Sutong Yangtze River Bridge (Chinese: 苏通长江二桥) is an under construction cable-stayed suspension bridge over the Yangtze River, linking Suzhou and Nantong in Jiangsu, China. It is situated between the Husutong Yangtze River Bridge upstream and the Sutong Yangtze River Bridge downstream.

Sutong Yangtze River Bridge
The Sutong Yangtze Bridge (Chinese: 苏通长江大桥; Wu Chinese pronunciation: [sutʰoŋ dadʒɔ], pinyin: Sūtōng Chángjiāng Dàqiáo) is a cable-stayed bridge that spans the Yangtze in China between Nantong and Changshu, a satellite city of Suzhou, in Jiangsu province.
Zelenogorsk Electrochemical Plant
The JSC Zelenogorsk Electrochemical Plant (Russian: Электрохимический завод) was established in 1962 to produce highly enriched uranium for the Soviet nuclear weapons program. It is a subsidiary of TVEL (Rosatom group), located in Zelenogorsk, formerly the closed city of Krasnoyarsk-45.

TVEL
TVEL (Russian: ТВЭЛ, romanized: tvel) is also a Russian abbreviation of the "heat-releasing element", fuel rod.

The TVEL Fuel Company (TVEL) is a Rosatom-owned nuclear fuel cycle company headquartered in Moscow. It has operated since 1996.
Île Bigras
Île Bigras (French pronunciation: [il biɡʁa]; Bigras Island) is the largest of the four islands that make up the Îles Laval grouping in the Rivière des Prairies in Quebec. They have all been part of the city of Laval since 1965.

The 1 km (0.62 mi) Île Bigras was named in 1817 as Île Amesse, after the name of its owner, Louis Amesse (other more recent maps have also shown the names Île Boiret and Île Boisvert). The island was bought in 1890 by Émilien Bigras, who gave it his name. He was also the owner of the three other islands of the archipelago: Île Pariseau, Île Verte and Île Ronde.

Through a station on the Réseau express métropolitain line, the island is less than 30 minutes from Downtown Montreal and Central Station. It is also less than a quarter-hour from the seasonal reaction ferry that connects Île Bizard with Laval-sur-le-Lac. A park and ride at the station can accommodate several cars.

Îles Laval
The Îles Laval (French pronunciation: [il laval]; Laval Islands) are an island grouping in the Rivière des Prairies in southwestern Quebec, part of the Hochelaga Archipelago.

Formerly an independent municipality (Les Îles-Laval), they became part of the city of Laval on August 6, 1965. The islands have a population of about 1,000.
St Robert of Newminster Catholic School
St Robert of Newminster Catholic School is a co-educational secondary school and sixth form located in Washington in the City of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. The school is named after Saint Robert of Newminster. As a Catholic school it is under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle.

Previously a voluntary aided school administered by Sunderland City Council, in July 2019 St Robert of Newminster Catholic School converted to academy status. The school is now sponsored by Bishop Wilkinson Catholic Education Trust.

St Robert of Newminster Catholic School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils, while students in the sixth form have the option to study a range of A Levels and further BTECs.

Washington, Tyne and Wear
Washington is a town in the Sunderland district, in Tyne and Wear, England. Historically part of County Durham, it is the ancestral settlement of the local Washington family, from which the first President of the United States George Washington descended. It has a population of 67,085.

It is located between Chester-le-Street, Gateshead and South Tyneside. Washington was designated a new town in 1964. It became part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The town has expanded dramatically since its designation; new villages were created and areas were reassigned from Chester-le-Street, to offer housing and employment to those moving from adjoining areas and further afield. At the 2011 census, Washington had a population of 67,085, compared to 53,388 in 2001.
Carpenter Lake
Carpenter Lake, officially Carpenter Lake Reservoir, is the largest of the three reservoirs of the Bridge River Power Project, which is located in the mountains west of Lillooet, British Columbia.  The lake is about 185 kilometres north of the province's major city of Vancouver and is formed by the 1951 diversion of the Bridge River by Terzaghi Dam into Seton Lake via a tunnel through Mission Mountain, which separates the Seton and Bridge drainages.  Several ranches and homesteads in the broad serpentine of the upper Bridge River basin were flooded out by the hydro project, which changed the character of the upper valley forever.

Carpenter Lake is about 50 kilometres in length, although its upper reaches beyond the flooded gold mining town of Minto City are usually mudflat due to fluctuations in the level of the reservoir.  Its total area approaches 50 square kilometres.

Bridge River
The Bridge River is a river in southern British Columbia, Canada. It flows south-east from the Coast Mountains. Until 1961, it was a major tributary of the Fraser River, entering that stream about six miles upstream from the town of Lillooet; its flow, however, was near-completely diverted into Seton Lake with the completion of the Bridge River Power Project, with most of the river's water now entering the Fraser just south of Lillooet as a result. The Bridge River hydroelectric complex, operated by BC Hydro, consists of three successive dams, providing water for four hydro power plants with the total rated power of total 492 megawatts.
Novo River (Sono River tributary)
The Novo River is a river of Tocantins state, Brazil. It is a headwater of the Do Sono River.

The river forms to the south of the 158,885 hectares (392,610 acres) Jalapão State Park, a fully protected conservation unit created in 2001.
It runs north along the west boundary of the park to the point where it meets the Soninho River from the left to form the Do Sono River.

Soninho River
The Soninho River (Portuguese: Rio Soninho)  is a river of Tocantins state, Brazil. It is a headwater of the Do Sono River.

The Soninho river forms on the northeast boundary of the 158,885 hectares (392,610 acres) Jalapão State Park, a fully protected conservation unit created in 2001.
It runs west along the north boundary of the park to the point where it meets the Novo River from the right to form the Do Sono River.
Academy of Fine Arts Sarajevo
The Academy of Fine Arts Sarajevo (Bosnian: Akademija likovnih umjetnosti Sarajevo / Академија ликовних умјетности Сарајево, acronym: ALU) is a faculty within the University of Sarajevo in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, dedicated to the fine arts.

It was established in 1972 as an institution of higher education by eminent professors, scientists, and acclaimed artists who were educated primarily in Belgrade, Ljubljana, and Zagreb.

University of Sarajevo
The University of Sarajevo (Bosnian: Univerzitet u Sarajevu; Croatian: Sveučilište u Sarajevu; Serbian: Универзитет у Сарајеву) is a public university located in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

With 20 faculties, three academies and three faculties of theology and with 23,127 enrolled students as of 2021, it ranks among the largest universities in the Balkans in terms of enrollment. Since opening its doors in 1949, a total of 122,000 students have received bachelor's degrees, 3,891 have received master's degrees and 2,284 have received doctorate degrees in 45 different fields. It is now widely regarded as the most prestigious university in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and employs more than one thousand faculty members.
Ronidazole
Ronidazole is an antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of histomoniasis and swine dysentery as well as Trichomonas gallinae, hexamitosis, Giardia, and Cochlosoma in all aviary birds and pigeons. It may also have use for the treatment of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cats and for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection in humans.

Antiprotozoal
Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection.

A paraphyletic group, protozoans have little in common with each other. For example, Entamoeba histolytica, a unikont eukaryotic organism, is more closely related to Homo sapiens (humans), which also belongs to the unikont phylogenetic group, than it is to Naegleria fowleri, a "protozoan" bikont. As a result, agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another.

Antiprotozoal agents can be grouped by mechanism or by organism. Recent papers have also proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa.

Overuse or misuse of antiprotozoals can lead to the development of antiprotozoal resistance.
Fortune (Unix)
fortune is a program that displays a pseudorandom message from a database of quotations.
Early versions of the program appeared in Version 7 Unix in 1979.
The most common version on modern systems is the BSD fortune, originally written by Ken Arnold. Distributions of fortune are usually bundled with a collection of themed files, containing sayings like those found on fortune cookies (hence the name), quotations from famous people, jokes, or poetry.

fortune is predominantly found on Unix-like systems, but clients for other platforms also exist. Often, users on text-mode Unix terminals will place this command into either their .profile or .logout files to display them at logon and logout, respectively. It is also used to generate text input for certain XScreenSaver modes.

Version 7 Unix
Version 7 Unix, also called Seventh Edition Unix, Version 7 or just V7, was an important early release of the Unix operating system.  V7, released in 1979, was the last Bell Laboratories release to see widespread distribution before the commercialization of Unix by AT&T Corporation in the early 1980s.  V7 was originally developed for Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-11 minicomputers and was later ported to other platforms.
Lithgow, New York
Lithgow is a hamlet, in the northeastern part of the town of Washington, in Dutchess County, New York, United States. Located 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Amenia on U.S. Route 44, it is approximately 75 miles (121 km) north of New York City.

The hamlet was named for Linlithgow in Scotland.

Dutchess County, New York
Dutchess County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 295,911. The county seat is the city of Poughkeepsie. The county was created in 1683, one of New York's first twelve counties, and later organized in 1713. Dutchess County is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Ruhle Road Lenticular Metal Truss Bridge
Ruhle Road Lenticular Metal Truss Bridge is a historic Lenticular truss bridge located in Malta, Saratoga County, New York. It was constructed in 1888 by the Berlin Iron Bridge Company of East Berlin, Connecticut, and originally spanned the Black Creek in Salem, Washington County, New York.

It was moved to its present location in 2001 and spans the Ballston Creek, where it is used by pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles.  It replaced the Ruhle Road Stone Arch Bridge that collapsed in 1993 and subsequently delisted from the National Register of Historic Places.  It is a single span with an overall length of 57 feet 7 inches (17.55 m) and a width of 14 feet (4.3 m). It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Ruhle Road Stone Arch Bridge
Ruhle Road Stone Arch Bridge was a historic stone arch bridge located at Malta in Saratoga County, New York. It was constructed about 1873 and spanned the Ballston Creek.   The arch measured 26 feet from the creek surface and 23.5 feet between the abutments.

It collapsed in 1993 and was replaced in 2001 with the Ruhle Road Lenticular Metal Truss Bridge.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988 and delisted in 2004.
Black Peak, Šar Mountains
Black Peak (Albanian: Guri i Zi; Serbian: Црни Камен / Crni.Kamen; Macedonian: Црн Камен, romanized: Crn Kamen) is a peak of the Šar Mountains located in Kosovo and North Macedonia. Black Peak stands at 2,536 m (8,320 ft) above sea level. The famous Brezovica ski resort is situated close to the peak.

Šar Mountains
The Šar Mountains (Macedonian: Шар Планина, romanized: Šar Planina; Serbian: Шар-планина / Šar-planina; colloquially also Šara, Cyrillic: Шара) or Sharr Mountains (Albanian: Malet e Sharrit, pronounced [malɛt ɛ ʃarit]) is a mountain range in Southeast Europe, extending into several countries from southern Kosovo, to northwestern North Macedonia, to northeastern Albania. The sections in Kosovo (Sharr Mountains National Park) and North Macedonia (Šar Planina National Park) are national parks. Rugged and barren, the mountains are among the highest in the Balkans, with 30 peaks higher than 2,500 m (8,202 ft).
Lumped-element model
The lumped-element model (also called lumped-parameter model, or lumped-component model) is a simplified representation of a physical system or circuit that assumes all components are concentrated at a single point and their behavior can be described by idealized mathematical models. The lumped-element model simplifies the system or circuit behavior description into a topology. It is useful in electrical systems (including electronics), mechanical multibody systems, heat transfer, acoustics, etc. This is in contrast to distributed parameter systems or models in which the behaviour is distributed spatially and cannot be considered as localized into discrete entities.

The simplification reduces the state space of the system to a finite dimension, and the partial differential equations (PDEs) of the continuous (infinite-dimensional) time and space model of the physical system into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with a finite number of parameters.

Network analysis (electrical circuits)
In electrical engineering and electronics, a network is a collection of interconnected components. Network analysis is the process of finding the voltages across, and the currents through, all network components.  There are many techniques for calculating these values; however, for the most part, the techniques assume linear components. Except where stated, the methods described in this article are applicable only to linear network analysis.
Adams spectral sequence
In mathematics, the Adams spectral sequence is a spectral sequence introduced by J. Frank Adams (1958) which computes the stable homotopy groups of topological spaces. Like all spectral sequences, it is a computational tool; it relates homology theory to what is now called stable homotopy theory. It is a reformulation using homological algebra, and an extension, of a technique called 'killing homotopy groups' applied by the French school of Henri Cartan and Jean-Pierre Serre.

Complex cobordism
In mathematics, complex cobordism is a generalized cohomology theory related to cobordism of manifolds. Its spectrum is denoted by MU. It is an exceptionally powerful cohomology theory, but can be quite hard to compute, so often instead of using it directly one uses some slightly weaker theories derived from it, such as Brown–Peterson cohomology or Morava K-theory, that are easier to compute.

The generalized homology and cohomology complex cobordism theories were introduced by Michael Atiyah (1961) using the Thom spectrum.
Communist Party of India (Marxist) – Kerala
The Communist Party of India (Marxist), Kerala or CPI(M) Kerala is the Kerala state wing of CPI(M). It is responsible for organizing and coordinating the party's activities and campaigns within the state, as well as selecting candidates for local, state, and national elections. Currently, it is the governing party in the Kerala Legislative Assembly and has significant representation of the state in the Rajya Sabha. The CPI(M) currently leads the LDF alliance.

United Front (1967–1969, Kerala)
United Front or the Seven Party Alliance (Malayalam: Saptha Kakshi Munnani) was an alliance of seven political parties in Kerala state, India, which won the 1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election and formed the Second E. M. S. Namboodiripad ministry. It was led by the Communist Party of India Marxist (CPIM) and the members of the coalition were:

The coalition had a comfortable majority of 117 members out of 133 (including 4 independents). E. M. S. Namboodiripad (CPIM) was sworn in as the Chief Minister for the second time on 6 March 1967. But before completing 30 months, internal dissensions surfaced and the government fell 32 months after assuming power, on 24 October 1969.