hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
10th Battalion (Canadians), CEF
The 10th Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force was a unit of the First World War Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF), specifically in the 1st Canadian Division, from 1914 to 1919.  The battalion participated in every major Canadian battle of the First World War, and set a record for the most decorations earned by a Canadian unit in a single battle at Hill 70. The unit was known to its contemporaries simply as the "Fighting Tenth".

The 10th Battalion is perpetuated by the Royal Winnipeg Rifles and the Calgary Highlanders (10th Canadians).

Arthur George Knight
Arthur George Knight VC (26 June 1886 – 3 September 1918) was an English-Canadian soldier. Knight was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Knight was one of seven Canadian to be awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions on one single day, 2 September 1918, for actions across the 30 km long Drocourt-Quéant Line near Arras, France. The other six recipients were Bellenden Hutcheson, William Henry Metcalf, Claude Joseph Patrick Nunney, Cyrus Wesley Peck, Walter Leigh Rayfield and John Francis Young.
Leeds City Council
Leeds City Council is the local authority of the City of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England. Leeds has had a council since 1626, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 it has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. It is the second most populous local government district in the United Kingdom with approximately 800,000 inhabitants living within its area; only Birmingham City Council has more. Since 1 April 2014, it has been a constituent council of the West Yorkshire Combined Authority.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Leeds Civic Hall and has its main offices at Merrion House.

2011 Leeds City Council election
The 2011 Leeds City Council election took place on Thursday 5 May 2011 to elect members of Leeds City Council in England. It was held on the same day as other local elections across the UK.

As per the election cycle, one third of the council's seats were up for election. The councillors subsequently elected replaced those elected when their individual seats were previously contested in 2007.

After forming a minority administration following the 2010 election, the Labour Party regained overall control of the council for the first time since the council had been in no overall control in 2004. Labour gained seven seats, including four from the Liberal Democrats.
Australian banking crisis of 1893
The 1893 banking crisis in the Australian colonies involved the collapse of a considerable number of commercial banks and building societies, and a general economic depression.  It occurred at the same time as the US Panic of 1893 (1893–1897).

Panic of 1893
The Panic of 1893 was an economic depression in the United States. It began in February 1893 and officially ended eight months later. The Panic of 1896 followed. It was the most serious economic depression in history until the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Panic of 1893 deeply affected every sector of the economy and produced political upheaval that led to a political realignment and the presidency of William McKinley.

The panic climaxed with a run on gold from the United States Treasury. Unemployment rates in many states rose above 25%, and poverty became widespread.
Al-Sinaa SC
Al-Sinaa Sports Club (Arabic: نادي الصناعة الرياضي, lit. 'Industry Sports Club') is a football club based in Thawra District, East Districts of the Tigris River, Baghdad, that plays in Iraqi First Division League.

2020–21 Iraqi First Division League
The 2020–21 Iraqi First Division League was the 47th season of what is now called the Iraqi Premier Division League, the second tier of the Iraqi football league system, since its establishment in 1974. The number of clubs in the league have changed throughout history due to several factors, most recently in this season when the number of clubs increased from 12 to 28 in total. The top team from each group is directly promoted to the Premier League, while a third club can be promoted through play-offs, on the other hand, two clubs from each group are directly relegated to the Second Division League.

Al-Sinaa won the title and were promoted alongside runners-up Newroz.
Autochthon (geology)
An autochthon in structural geology is a large block or mass of rock which is in the place of its original formation relative to its basement or foundation rock. The word is derived from Greek: autos means self, and chthon means earth.

It can be described as rooted to its basement rock as opposed to an allochthonous block or nappe which has been relocated from its site of formation. Autochthonous sediment is sediment found at or very close to its site of deposition.

While an autochthon may have experienced some minor shifting, an allochthonous block will have moved at least a few kilometres. If an overlying allochthon has an opening or hole which exposes the underlying autochthonous material, the hole is called a window or fenster.

Nappe
In geology, a nappe or thrust sheet is a large sheetlike body of rock that has been moved more than 2 km (1.2 mi) or 5 km (3.1 mi) above a thrust fault from its original position. Nappes form in compressional tectonic settings like continental collision zones or on the overriding plate in active subduction zones. Nappes form when a mass of rock is forced (or "thrust") over another rock mass, typically on a low angle fault plane. The resulting structure may include large-scale recumbent folds, shearing along the fault plane, imbricate thrust stacks, fensters and klippes.

The term stems from the French word for tablecloth in allusion to a rumpled tablecloth being pushed across a table.
Almondsbury
Almondsbury (English: /ˈɑːməndzbərɪ/) is a large village and civil parish in South Gloucestershire, England. It is situated on the A38 road in the Avon Green Belt 7 miles (11 km) north of Bristol city centre.  It is adjacent to junction 16 of the M5 motorway and Almondsbury Interchange, where the M4 and M5 cross. It is part of the Bristol Built-up Area.

The civil parish also includes the villages of Hortham, Gaunt's Earthcott, Over, Easter Compton, Compton Greenfield, Hallen and Berwick.

The village is split by a steep hill, part of the escarpment overlooking the Severn floodplain. At the bottom of the hill is Lower Almondsbury where a pub and hotel, The Bowl Inn, is situated. South Wales, the Forest of Dean, the River Severn and both Severn Bridges are visible from the higher parts of the village, which consists mainly of ribbon development along the A38 and has more of an urban characteristic.

Berwick, Gloucestershire
Berwick is a hamlet in the civil parish of Almondsbury, in the South Gloucestershire district, in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire, England. Nearby settlements include the city of Bristol and the village of Hallen. Berwick has a business park called Sampson House Business Park and a wood called Berwick Wood. Berwick is located between the M5 motorway and the M49 motorway. There was a depot for the Government Pipelines and Storage System (GPSS) in the wood.
Louis De Geer (1587–1652)
Louis De Geer (17 November 1587 – 19 June 1652) was a Walloon-Swedish entrepreneur, banker, industrialist and slave trader, who was part of the prominent De Geer family. A pioneer of foreign direct investment in the early modern period, De Geer is considered to be both the father of Swedish industry for introducing Walloon blast furnaces to Sweden and the father of the Swedish slave trade for pioneering Sweden's involvement in the Atlantic slave trade. Furnaces owned by De Geer produced cannons for German Protestants and the Dutch Navy and the Dutch East and West India Companies.

De Geer family
The De Geer family (Dutch: [də ˈɣeːr], Swedish: [dœˈjæːr]; also: De Geer van Jutphaas and De Geer van Oudegein) is a prominent industrial family of Walloon origin that belongs to the Swedish and Dutch nobility.
Beeb Birtles
Gerard Bertelkamp AM  (born 28 November 1948), known professionally as Beeb Birtles, is an Australian musician, singer, songwriter and guitarist. He has been a member of various Australian groups including Zoot (1967–71), Mississippi (1972–74), Little River Band (1975–83) and Birtles Shorrock Goble (2002–07). He has also worked as a solo artist, including releasing an album, Driven by Dreams (2000). In 2004, Birtles and other members of the classic line-up of Little River Band were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame.

Australian pop music awards
Australian pop music awards are a series of inter-related national awards that gave recognition to popular musical artists and have included the Go-Set pop poll (1966–1972); TV Week King of Pop Awards (1967–1978); TV Week and Countdown Music Awards (1979–1980); the Countdown Awards (1981–1982) and Countdown Music and Video Awards (1983–1987). Early awards were based on popular voting from readers of teenage pop music newspaper Go-Set and television program guide TV Week. They were followed by responses from viewers of Countdown, a TV pop music series (1974–1987) on national broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). Some of the later award ceremonies incorporated listed nominees and peer-voted awards. From 1987 the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) instituted its own peer-voted ARIA Music Awards.
Moeraki
Moeraki is a small fishing village on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand.  It was once the location of a whaling station.  In the 1870s, local interests believed it could become the main port for the north Otago area and a railway line, the Moeraki Branch, was built to the settlement and opened in 1877.  However, the port could not compete with Oamaru and the lack of traffic as well as stability problems caused by difficult terrain led to the closure of the railway in 1879 after only two years' operation.

The village is best known for the nearby Moeraki Boulders.

Kātiki Point Lighthouse
The Kātiki Point Lighthouse, also known as Moeraki Lighthouse, shone for the first time in 1878, following several accidents on the dangerous reefs around the area, to make the area safer for ships that sailed past on their way to Port Chalmers, Dunedin. The lighthouse was built between the settlements of Moeraki and Kātiki, on the tip of the Moeraki Peninsula, which is known as Kātiki Point or Moeraki Point.
Voyeur (video game)
Voyeur is an interactive movie video game released in 1993 for the Philips CD-i. It was ported to MS-DOS compatible operating systems and Macintosh. A major selling point for the game was the "mature" content of the full-motion video sequences, with a number of simulated sex scenes.

A sequel was released for MS-DOS and Macintosh, Voyeur II, and a finished beta version of the sequel for Philips CD-i has been discovered.

Interactive film
An interactive film is a video game or other interactive media that has characteristics of a cinematic film. In the video game industry, the term refers to a movie game, a video game that presents its gameplay in a cinematic, scripted manner, often through the use of full-motion video of either animated or live-action footage.

In the film industry, the term "interactive film" refers to interactive cinema, a film where one or more viewers can interact with the film and influence the events that unfold in the film.
James Praed (died 1687)
James Praed (died 1687) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1679.

Praed was the son of James Praed of Trevethoe, Cornwall and his wife Honor Jenkyn, daughter of James Jenkyn of St Columb Major.

He was appointed Sheriff of Cornwall for 1654. In 1660, he was elected Member of Parliament for St Ives in the Convention Parliament. It was a double return and he was not seated until May. He was re-elected MP for St Ives in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament and sat until 1679.

Praed married Honor Gifford, daughter of Arthur Gifford of Birghtley, Devon. They had sons James and John who were both MPs for St Ives.

James Praed (died 1706)
James Praed (ca. 1655 – 1706) was an English  politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1681 and between 1689 and 1705.

Praed was the son of James Praed  of Trevethoe, Cornwall and his wife Honor Gifford, daughter of Arthur Gifford of Brightley, Devon. He matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford on 27 June 1671 aged 15 and entered Middle Temple in 1674. He was a colonel in the militia.

In 1681, Praed was elected Member of Parliament for St Ives. He was re-elected MP for St Ives in 1689 and sat until 1705. During his time in parliament he had considerable periods of absence. He voted for the Tack and was defeated at the election in 1705. He was recorder of Penzance from 1693 until his death in 1706, and stannator for Penwith and Kerrier in 1703.

Praed married Lucy Basset, daughter of John Basset of Tehidy, Illogan, Cornwall, shortly before his death. He left all his personal property to his wife and his encumbered estates to his brother John.
Rick Lober
Rick Lober (born 1941) is an American musician who was the original keyboardist for the psychedelic rock band the Amboy Dukes in the 1960s. The group is known for its only hit "Journey to the Center of the Mind". His bandmates were Ted Nugent, Steve Farmer, John Drake, Dave Palmer and Bill White.

Steve Farmer (musician)
Steven Orville Farmer (December 31, 1948 – April 7, 2020) was an American guitarist, composer, and lyricist, best known for his composition with Ted Nugent in 1968, "Journey to the Center of the Mind," performed by their group The Amboy Dukes. Farmer wrote the lyrics to the hit song, which peaked at #16 on the charts. He also co-wrote with Nugent, or self-composed, 22 compositions on the first three albums by The Amboy Dukes.
Lloyd Anderson
Lloyd Alva Anderson (August 4, 1902 – September 13, 2000) was an American business executive who co-founded the retail and outdoor recreation services corporation Recreational Equipment, Inc (REI) in 1938 with his wife Mary Anderson. As avid mountaineers they saw a need for quality gear so created a consumer cooperative company that is one of the largest recreational equipment retailers. They were inducted into the Cooperative Business Association's Hall of Fame in 1993.

REI
Recreational Equipment, Inc., doing business as REI, is an American retail and outdoor recreation services corporation. It was formerly governed, and continues to brand itself, as a consumers' co-operative. REI sells camping gear, hiking, climbing, cycling, water, running, fitness, snow, travel equipment, and men, women and kids clothing. Unlike other outdoor sports stores, it does not sell hunting or fishing equipment.

REI operates 181 retail stores in 41 states. It also receives orders via mail-order catalogs and the internet.
Shooting at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Shooting at the 1980 Summer Olympics took place at the Dynamo Shooting Range in Mytishchi in eastern part of Moscow between 20 and 26 July. Seven events were contested. Although events were mixed, i.e. open to both men and women, all medals were swept by men, and there were only 5 women competing compared to 77 in Los Angeles 1984, which introduced separate female events.

Dynamo Shooting Range
The Dynamo Shooting Range was a firing range located in Mytishchi in the then Eastern Planning Zone of Moscow, Russia. Constructed in 1957 and renovated in 1979, it hosted the shooting and the shooting part of the modern pentathlon events for the 1980 Summer Olympics. Demolished in 2016.
Montreal East Refinery (Shell Canada)
The  Montreal East Refinery (French: Raffinerie de Montréal-Est) was an oil refinery located in Montreal East and formerly Shell Canada's largest refinery. In October 2010, refinery operations permanently ceased and the facility was subsequently converted into a storage terminal.

Montréal-Est
Montreal East (French: Montréal-Est, pronounced [mɔ̃ʁeal ɛst] ⓘ) is an on-island suburb in southwestern Quebec, Canada, on the island of Montreal. Montreal-Est has been home to many large oil refineries since 1915.
Gadofosveset
Gadofosveset (trade names Vasovist, Ablavar) is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. It was used as the trisodium salt monohydrate form. It acts as a blood pool agent by binding to human serum albumin. The manufacturer (Lantheus Medical) discontinued production in 2017 due to poor sales.

Gadofosveset consists of a gadolinium cation bound to the chelating agent fosveset.  It facilitates high-resolution magnetic resonance angiography. Ferumoxytol (trade names Feraheme, Rienso), an intravenous iron-replacement therapy, has been shown to potentially be superior to gadofosveset as a blood pool agent for MR venography in pediatric patients.

MRI contrast agent
MRI contrast agents are contrast agents used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The most commonly used compounds for contrast enhancement are gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). Such MRI contrast agents shorten the relaxation times of nuclei within body tissues following oral or intravenous administration. Due to safety concerns, these products carry a Black Box Warning in the US.
Ln (Unix)
ln is a shell command for creating a link file to an existing file or directory. By default, the command creates a hard link, but with the -s command line option, it creates a symbolic link. Most systems disallow a hard link to a directory since such links could disrupt the structure of a file system and interfere with the operation of other utilities. The command can create a symbolic link to non-existent file.

The command appeared in Issue 2 of the X/Open Portability Guidelines. The version in GNU Core Utilities was written by Mike Parker and David MacKenzie.
The command is available in Windows via UnxUtils and has been ported to IBM i.

GNU Core Utilities
The GNU Core Utilities or coreutils is a collection of GNU software that implements many standard, Unix-based shell commands. The utilities generally provide POSIX compliant interface when the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set, but otherwise offers a superset to the standard interface. For example, the utilities support long options and options after parameters. This environment variable enables a different functionality in BSD.

Similar collections are available in the FOSS ecosystem, with a slightly different scope and focus (less functionality), or license. For example, BusyBox which is licensed under GPL-2.0-only, and Toybox which is licensed under 0BSD.
Barentsøya
Barentsøya, anglicized as Barents Island, is an Arctic island in the Svalbard archipelago of Norway, lying between Edgeøya and Spitsbergen. To the north, in the sound between Barentsøya and Spitsbergen, lies the island of Kükenthaløya. To the south, the sound separating Barents Island from Edgeøya is Freemansundet.

Barentsøya has no permanent human inhabitants. It is part of the Søraust-Svalbard Nature Reserve and forms a habitat for several species, including polar bears and kittiwakes.

Kükenthaløya
Kükenthaløya is an island between Barentsøya and Olav V Land, Svalbard. It is located south of the strait Heleysundet and north of Ormholet, at the inner part of Ginevra Bay. The island is named after German zoologist and Arctic explorer Willy Kükenthal.
Gilpin Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Gilpin Township is a Second class Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is a township rich in history, dating back to early 19th-century settlement. Officially incorporated on December 26, 1878, it evolved from an agricultural and timber-based economy to an industrial hub, supported by its abundant natural resources—including coal, salt, timber, natural gas, and sand—and its strategic location along the Allegheny and Kiskiminetas Rivers. These rivers not only fostered trade and transportation but also enabled Gilpin’s transformation into a manufacturing center. The township includes various communities—Bagdad, Johnetta, Schenley, Georgetown, Banfield, Forks Church, Aladdin, and Maher Heights—each contributing uniquely to its development and legacy. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 2,411.

Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Armstrong County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,558. The county seat is Kittanning. The county was organized on March 12, 1800, from parts of Allegheny, Westmoreland and Lycoming Counties. It was named in honor of John Armstrong, who represented Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress and served as a major general during the Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
John Hughes (theologian)
John Mark David Hughes (13 December 1978 – 29 June 2014) was a British Anglican priest and theologian who was Dean of Chapel and Chaplain at Jesus College, Cambridge. He is known for his works on philosophy of religion, such as The End of Work: Theological Critiques of Capitalism. Hughes was born in Exeter, England. He was ordained as a deacon of the Church of England in 2005 and as a priest in 2006. He was the doctoral mentor of Elizabeth Bruenig. His school of tradition was Anglo-Catholicism, as well as Christian socialism.

Hughes was killed in a car crash in Cambridgeshire in 2014, aged 35. The John Hughes Arts Festival, founded by college students in 2014 in memory of Hughes, provides a broad programme of arts events, the first of which was held in 2015. Graced Life: The Writings of John Hughes (1979–2014) was published posthumously by SCM Press in 2016, and was edited by Matthew Bullimore.

Elizabeth Bruenig
Elizabeth Bruenig (née Stoker; born December 6, 1990) is an American journalist working as an opinion writer for The Atlantic since 2021. She previously worked as a staff writer for The New Republic (2015), an opinion writer and editor for The Washington Post (2016–2020), and as an opinion writer for The New York Times (2020–2021). Bruenig has written about ethics, politics, theology, morality, economics, gender, family, class, and faith. She was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing in 2019 and in 2023. In 2023, she published her first book, On Human Slaughter: Evil, Justice, Mercy, a collection of her reporting on the death penalty.
Canyon High School (New Braunfels, Texas)
Canyon High School is a public high school located in New Braunfels, Texas, United States, and classified as a 6A high school by the University Interscholastic League (UIL). It is part of Comal ISD and is one of the five high schools in the entire district. Canyon High School is zoned for students who live primarily in the southeastern Comal County area, including portions of New Braunfels as well as Garden Ridge, and portions of Schertz. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. It is fed by Church Hill Middle School and Canyon Middle school.

New Braunfels, Texas
New Braunfels (/ˈbrɔːnfəlz/ ⓘ BRAWN-fəlz) is a city in Comal and Guadalupe counties in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Comal County. The city covers 44.9 square miles (116 km2) and had a population of 90,403 as of the 2020 Census. A suburb just north of San Antonio, and part of the Greater San Antonio metropolitan area, it was the third-fastest-growing city in the United States from 2010 to 2020. As of 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates its population at 104,707.

New Braunfels is known for its German Texan heritage.