hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kanayama Station (Aichi)
Kanayama Station (金山駅, Kanayama-eki) is a railway station in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The station is a concentrated terminal operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), Nagoya Railroad (Meitetsu), and Nagoya Municipal Subway, and is the main access terminal to Chūbu Centrair International Airport.

Aratama-bashi Station
Aratama-bashi Station (新瑞橋駅, Aratama-bashi-eki) is an underground Interchange metro station located in Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan operated by the Nagoya Municipal Subway. Meijō Line. It is located 20.7 kilometers from the terminus of the Meijō Line at Kanayama Station and 11.8 kilometers from the terminus of the Sakura-dōri Line at Taiko-dori Station.
Haloform reaction
In chemistry, the haloform reaction (also referred to as the Lieben haloform reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a haloform (CHX3, where X is a halogen) is produced by the exhaustive halogenation of an acetyl group (R−C(=O)CH3, where R can be either a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or an aryl group), in the presence of a base. The reaction can be used to transform acetyl groups into carboxyl groups (R−C(=O)OH) or to produce chloroform (CHCl3), bromoform (CHBr3), or iodoform (CHI3). Note that fluoroform (CHF3) can't be prepared in this way.

Halogenation
In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide-containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overview is challenging. This article mainly deals with halogenation using elemental halogens (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2). Halides are also commonly introduced using halide salts and hydrogen halide acids. Many specialized reagents exist for introducing halogens into diverse substrates, e.g. thionyl chloride.
Tai Po Market station
Tai Po Market (Chinese: 大埔墟; Cantonese Yale: Daaih bou hēui; pronounced: [taj˨pɔw˧.hɵɥ˥]) is an MTR station on the East Rail line in the New Territories, Hong Kong. Located between Flagstaff Hill and Wan Tau Tong Estate in Tai Po, and adjacent to the eponymous market town, the station has three tracks and four platforms. Platform 1 is for northbound trains to border crossing stations at Lo Wu and Lok Ma Chau and platform 4 is for southbound trains to Admiralty, Kowloon while platforms 2 and 3 use the same track and is reserved for peak hour traffic.

Hong Kong Railway Museum
The Hong Kong Railway Museum is a railway museum in Tai Po, Hong Kong. It is now under the management of the Leisure and Cultural Service Department as a branch museum of the Hong Kong Heritage Museum. Opened on 20 December 1985, it is located at the site where the old Tai Po Market railway station was built in 1913. Admission to the museum is free.
Diocese of Portland
The Diocese of Portland (Latin: Dioecesis Portlandensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church for the entire state of Maine in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Boston. The mother church of the Diocese of Portland is the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Portland. James T. Ruggieri is the bishop.

David William Bacon
David William Bacon (September 15, 1813 – November 5, 1874) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.  He served as the first bishop of the Diocese of Portland in Maine and New Hampshire from 1855 until his death in 1874.
Incomplete Cholesky factorization
In numerical analysis, an incomplete Cholesky factorization of a symmetric positive definite matrix is a sparse approximation of the Cholesky factorization. An incomplete Cholesky factorization is often used as a preconditioner for algorithms like the conjugate gradient method.

The Cholesky factorization of a positive definite matrix A of order N is A = LL* where L is a lower triangular matrix. An incomplete Cholesky factorization is given by a lower triangular matrix K that is sparser than L, but in some sense similar to L. The corresponding preconditioner is KK*.

There are many ways of constructing incomplete Cholesky factorizations. This article reviews two of them.

Preconditioner
In mathematics, preconditioning is the application of a transformation, called the preconditioner,  that conditions a given problem into a form that is more suitable for numerical solving methods. Preconditioning is typically related to reducing a condition number of the problem. The preconditioned problem is then usually solved by an iterative method.
Spring Valley station (DART)
Spring Valley station is a DART rail station in Richardson, Texas. The station is located on Spring Valley Road, approximately 1⁄2 mile (0.80 km) east of North Central Expressway (US 75). It serves the Red Line and, during peak periods, the Orange Line.

The station serves southern Richardson, including the headquarters of fashion company Fossil Group. The station is adjacent to Brick Row, a mixed-use development which contains apartments, townhomes, condominiums, and retail space.

Richardson, Texas
Richardson is a city in Dallas and Collin counties in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a total population of 119,469. Richardson is an inner suburb of the city of Dallas.

It is home to the University of Texas at Dallas and the Telecom Corridor, with a high concentration of telecommunications companies. More than 5,000 businesses have operations within Richardson's 28 square miles (73 km2), including many of the world's largest telecommunications and networking companies, such as AT&T, Verizon, Cisco Systems, Samsung, ZTE, MetroPCS, Texas Instruments, Qorvo, and Fujitsu. Richardson's largest employment base is provided by the insurance industry, with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas's headquarters, a regional hub for the insurance company GEICO, regional offices for United Healthcare, and one of State Farm Insurance's three national regional hubs located in the community.
2016 Indiana Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Indiana Democratic presidential primary took place on May 3 in the U.S. state of Indiana as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

The Republican Party held their own Indiana primary on the same day. Other primaries were not held that day.

2016 Indiana Republican presidential primary
The 2016 Indiana Republican presidential primary was held on May 3 in the U.S. state of Indiana as one of the Republican Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election. This was a winner-take-all election, so Donald Trump, who came in first in the popular vote, won all the delegates.

The Democratic Party held their own Indiana primary on the same day, which was won by Bernie Sanders. Other primaries were not scheduled for that day.

Following Trump's win, both Cruz and Kasich suspended their campaigns and Trump was declared the presumptive GOP nominee.
Michael Coreno
Michael Coreno (born August 31, 1984, in Toronto, Ontario)  is a Canadian ice dancer. Coreno began skating at age seven. In 2003, he teamed up with Allie Hann-McCurdy, with whom he was 2010 Four Continents silver medallist and 2008 Canadian bronze medallist. The pair retired in June 2010, to coach at the Gloucester Skating Club.

Allie Hann-McCurdy
Allie Hann-McCurdy (born May 23, 1987) is a Canadian former ice dancer. McCurdy began skating at age eight and was a singles skater until age 12 when she switched to ice dancing. In 2003, she teamed up with Michael Coreno, with whom she was the 2010 Four Continents silver medallist and the 2008 Canadian bronze medallist. The pair retired on June 21, 2010, to coach at the Gloucester Skating Club.
Samuel Gerrish
Samuel Gerrish (c. 1680 – c. 1741) was an American bookseller and publisher based in Boston during the 18th century. He kept a shop "near the brick meeting house in Cornhill," and published works by Thomas Prince and others. Employees included Thomas Hancock.

Thomas Prince (historian)
Thomas Prince (May 15, 1687 – August 22, 1758) was a New England clergyman, scholar and historian noted for his historical text A Chronological History of New England, in the Form of Annals. Called 'an American pioneer in scientific historical writing', Prince influenced historians such as Jeremy Belknap and Thomas Hutchinson, and his Annals was still being used as a reference text as late as 1791.
Lionel Pincus
Lionel I. Pincus (March 2, 1931 — October 10, 2009) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He was the founder of the private equity firm Warburg Pincus, running it from 1966 to 2002, and later became the chairman emeritus of the company.

Princess Firyal
Princess Firyal (née Firyal Irshaid Arabic: فريال إرشيد; born 1945) is a Jordanian humanitarian and philanthropist.

She became a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1992, working on programs for education and protection of world heritage. She is a board member at the International Rescue Committee (IRC), New York Public Library, and a wide range of museums and universities, including the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.

Irshaid is a graduate of Columbia University. From 1964 to 1978, she was married to Prince Muhammad bin Talal—younger brother of King Hussein of Jordan—by whom she has two sons, Prince Talal and Prince Ghazi.
Nazi Party Chancellery
The Party Chancellery (German: Parteikanzlei), was the name of the head office for the German Nazi Party (NSDAP), designated as such on 12 May 1941. The office existed previously as the Staff of the Deputy Führer (Stab des Stellvertreters des Führers) but was renamed after Rudolf Hess flew to Scotland in an attempt to negotiate a peace agreement without Adolf Hitler's authorization. Hess was denounced by Hitler, his former office was dissolved, and the new Party Chancellery was formed in its place under Hess' former deputy, Martin Bormann.

Gauleiter
A Gauleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ] ⓘ) was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a Gau or Reichsgau. Gauleiter was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to Reichsleiter and to the Führer himself. The position was effectively abolished with the fall of the Nazi regime on 8 May 1945.
MAX Yellow (Calgary)
MAX Yellow, also known as Route 304 or the Southwest BRT, is a bus rapid transit line in Calgary, Alberta. Part of Calgary Transit's MAX network, it largely travels north-south along Crowchild Trail SW, 14 Street SW, and 24 Street SW. It connects CTrain stations in downtown Calgary to the southwest quadrant.

MAX Teal
MAX Teal, also known as Route 306 and the South Crosstown BRT, is a bus rapid transit line in Calgary, Alberta. Part of Calgary Transit's MAX network, it connects CTrain stations on the Red and Blue lines to the southwest and southeast quadrants of Calgary.
Jules Siegfried
Jules Siegfried (12 February 1837 – 26 September 1922) was a French politician. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1885 to 1897, and from 1902 to 1922.

Siegfried was active in the social Protestant movement, as were other Musée social members such as Charles Gide (1847–1932), Édouard Gruner (1849–1933), Henri Monod (1843–1911) and Pierre-Paul Guieysse (1841–1914).

He died in Le Havre on 26 September 1922.

Charles Gide
Charles Gide (French: [ʒid]; 1847–1932) was a French economist and historian of economic thought.  He was a professor at the University of Bordeaux, at Montpellier, at Université de Paris and finally at Collège de France. His nephew was the author André Gide.
Stuttgart (region)
Stuttgart is one of the four administrative districts (Regierungsbezirke) of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the north-east of the state of Baden-Württemberg, in the southwestern part of Germany. It is sub-divided into the three regions: Heilbronn-Franken, Ostwürttemberg and Stuttgart.

The districts of Böblingen, Esslingen, Ludwigsburg, Rems-Murr and Göppingen form with the city of Stuttgart the Verband Region Stuttgart with a directly elected regional assembly (Regionalversammlung).

Regierungsbezirk
A Regierungsbezirk (German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁk] ⓘ, pl. Regierungsbezirke, German pronunciation: [ʁeˈɡiːʁʊŋsbəˌtsɪʁkə], lit. 'governmental district') is a type of administrative division in Germany. Currently, four of the sixteen Länder (states of Germany) are split into Regierungsbezirke, each in turn split into rural or urban districts.

Regierungsbezirke serve as regional mid-level local government units in four of Germany's sixteen states: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia. Each of the nineteen Regierungsbezirke features a non-legislative governing body called a Regierungspräsidium (governing presidium) or Bezirksregierung (district government) headed by a Regierungspräsident (governing president), concerned mostly with administrative decisions on a local level for districts within its jurisdiction. Saxony has Direktionsbezirke (directorate districts) with more responsibilities shifted from the state parliament.
Skaget
Skaget is a mountain in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,686-metre-tall (5,531 ft) mountain is located in the Langsua National Park, about 17 kilometres (11 mi) east of the village of Beitostølen.

Øystre Slidre Municipality
Øystre Slidre is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Valdres. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Heggenes. Other villages in the municipality include Hegge, Rogne, Volbu, Moane, Skammestein, Beito, and Beitostølen.

The 969.89-square-kilometre (374.48 sq mi) municipality is the 120th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Øystre Slidre Municipality is the 221st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,311. The municipality's population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Ines Torelli
Ines Torelli (née Ines Stierli; 14 June 1931 – 21 August 2019) was a Swiss comedian, radio personality, and stage, voice and film actress starring usually in Swiss German language cinema and television and stage productions.

Theater am Hechtplatz
The Theater am Hechtplatz is a theatre in the German-speaking Switzerland situated at Limmatquai in Zürich. Founded in 1959 as a Cabaret, it's owned and provided by the government of the city of Zürich.
African People's Liberation Movement
The African People's Liberation Movement (APLM) is an Ambazonian independence movement. It is the successor movement of the Southern Cameroons Youth League, with which it shares an almost identical logo. It is led by chairman Ebenezer Akwanga, who also commands its armed wing, Southern Cameroons Defence Forces (SOCADEF).

In March 2019, the APLM participated in an Anglophone Cameroonian conference in Washington, D.C. The conference, in which both separatists (including the Interim Government of Ambazonia) and federalists participated, resulted in an agreement to form a common front. The Southern Cameroons Liberation Council was subsequently created.

Interim Government of Ambazonia
The Interim Government of Ambazonia, also known by the Sako cabinet as the Government of Southern Cameroons is an Ambazonian independence movement, and claims to be the provisional government in exile of the internationally unrecognized state. Formed in the early days of the Anglophone Crisis, the movement has since splintered into four factions that claim to be the legitimate Interim Government.
Nominosuchus
Nominosuchus is a genus of protosuchian-grade crocodyliform. It is known from several specimens discovered in ancient lake deposits of the Tithonian-age Upper Jurassic Ulan Malgait Formation, southwestern Mongolia. The type specimen is PIN 4174/4, a partial skull. Nominosuchus was not large; its skull length is estimated at 60 millimetres (2.4 in). It was similar to Shartegosuchus, and is assigned to the same family (Shartegosuchidae). Nominosuchus was described in 1996 by Mikhail Efimov, and the type species is N. matutinus.

Shartegosuchidae
Shartegosuchidae is an extinct family of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous crocodyliforms. The family is named after the Late Jurassic Shar Teeg Beds in southwestern Mongolia, from which most shartegosuchid remains have been found. Five genera are currently assigned to Shartegosuchidae: Shartegosuchus, Nominosuchus,  Kyasuchus, Adzhosuchus, and Fruitachampsa. Shartegosuchus, Nominosuchus, and Adzhosuchus all come from Shar Teeg, while Kyasuchus is known from the Early Cretaceous of Russia. Fruitachampsa is known from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the western United States.
John I of Münsterberg
John I of Münsterberg (c. 1380 – 27 December 1428) was a Duke of Münsterberg (Ziębice) from 1410 until his death; until 1420 with his brother as co-ruler.

He was the second son of Duke Bolko III of Münsterberg by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Bolesław of Bytom.

Bolko III of Ziębice
Bolko III of Ziębice or Bolko III of Münsterberg (c. 1348 – 13 June 1410) was a Duke of Ziębice (Münsterberg) from 1358 until his death, and ruler over Gleiwitz (Gliwice) during 1369–1373.

He was the eldest son of Nicholas the Small, Duke of Münsterberg, by his wife Agnes, daughter of Herman Krušina of Lichtenberg.
Crataegus songarica
Crataegus songarica is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is an Asian hawthorn with black fruit that is sometimes used medicinally. It is closely related to Crataegus ambigua, a species that has red fruit.

Crataegus
Crataegus (/krəˈtiːɡəs/), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, May-tree, whitethorn, Mayflower or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis.
Clarence White
Clarence White (born Clarence Joseph LeBlanc; June 7, 1944 – July 15, 1973) was an American bluegrass and country guitarist and singer.  He is best known as a member of the bluegrass ensemble the Kentucky Colonels and the rock band the Byrds, as well as for being a pioneer of the musical genre of country rock during the late 1960s. White also worked extensively as a session musician, appearing on recordings by the Everly Brothers, Joe Cocker, Ricky Nelson, Pat Boone, the Monkees, Randy Newman, Gene Clark, Linda Ronstadt, Arlo Guthrie, and Jackson Browne among others.

Together with frequent collaborator Gene Parsons, he invented the B-Bender, a guitar accessory that enables a player to mechanically bend the B-string up a whole tone and emulate the sound of a pedal steel guitar. White was inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Association Hall of Fame in 2016, and was inducted a second time in 2019 as a member of the Kentucky Colonels.

Muleskinner Live: Original Television Soundtrack
Muleskinner Live: Original Television Soundtrack is a live album by the progressive bluegrass supergroup Muleskinner.
It was recorded in 1973 and originally broadcast in the late 1970s, but the album was not released until 1998. Maria Muldaur provides harmony vocals on "Sitting Alone In The Moonlight".
Patrick County, Virginia
Patrick County is a county located on the central southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 17,608. Its county seat is Stuart. It is located within both the rolling hills and valleys of the Piedmont Region and the more mountainous regions of Southwest Virginia.

Bob Childress
Robert "Bob" Walter Childress (January 19, 1889 or January 19, 1890 – January 16, 1956) was a Presbyterian minister who was born in "The Hollow," now Ararat, Virginia, and grew up surrounded by the Primitive Baptist tradition. He became known throughout the Southern Appalachian region for his work to transform the region's culture of violence and promote basic education. He was also the founder of the famous "Rock Churches" of Floyd, Patrick and Carroll counties in Virginia.
Pulaski, Tennessee
Pulaski is a city in Giles County and the county seat of Giles County, which is located on the central-southern border of Tennessee, United States. The population was 8,397 at the 2020 census. It was named after Casimir Pulaski, a noted Polish-born general on the Patriot side in the American Revolutionary War.

University of Tennessee Southern
The University of Tennessee Southern (UT Southern or UTS) is a public university in Pulaski, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1870, it was a private institution for over 150 years until joining the University of Tennessee System in 2021. It was renamed and became the first new primary campus in the University of Tennessee System in over 50 years. The name University of Tennessee Southern was chosen because the campus serves the 13 counties of southern Middle Tennessee.
Henri-Florent Lamoral
Prince Henri Florent Eugène François Joseph Lamoral de Ligne (29 December 1881 – 15 May 1967) was a Belgian nobleman, the son of Prince Charles Joseph Eugène Henri Georges Lamoral (1837–1914) (himself the son of Prince Eugène, 8th Prince of Ligne and his wife Nathalie de Trazegnies) and Charlotte de Gontaut-Biron (1854–1933), (herself the daughter of Étienne Charles de Gontaut, Marquis of Biron).

Charlotte de La Trémoille
Princess Charlotte de La Trémoille (Charlotte Marie Clotilde de La Trémoille; 20 November 1892 – 27 October 1971), 12th Duchess of Thouars, 11th Duchess of La Trémoïlle, 14th Princess de Tarente, 18th princess de Talmond and 18th Countess of Laval was a French noblewoman and the daughter of Prince Louis Charles Marie de La Trémoille and his wife, Hélène Marie Léonie Pillet-Will.
Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference
The Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference was founded by former chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir Ghulam Mohammad Shah after his split with the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference. It is currently headed by his wife Khalida Begum, with his son as vice president. It was part of the Gupkar Alliance. Candidates from the group ran in District Development Council elections. The party was founded in the year 1984, as "National Conference (Khalida)". It is a break-away faction of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC), which allied itself with Indian National Congress to form a government under the leadership of Ghulam Mohammad Shah as the chief minister.

Ghulam Mohammad Shah
Ghulam Mohammad Shah or G. M. Shah or Gul Shah (20 July 1920 – 6 January 2009) was an Indian politician who was Chief Minister of the state of Jammu and Kashmir from 2 July 1984 to 6 March 1986. He succeeded his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah. Shah's father-in-law was Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, the founder of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference, of which Shah was once a senior member. Shah died on 6 January 2009 at the Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in Srinagar. He was 88.
Lek Yuen Estate
Lek Yuen Estate (Chinese: 瀝源邨) is a public housing estate in Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong. It is the first public housing estate in Sha Tin, built on the reclaimed land of Sha Tin Hoi, located near Wo Che Estate and MTR Sha Tin station. The estate consists of seven residential blocks completed in 1975.

Sha Tin
Sha Tin, also spelt Shatin, is a neighbourhood along Shing Mun River in the eastern New Territories, Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of the Sha Tin District. Sha Tin is one of the neighbourhoods of the Sha Tin New Town project.

The new town was founded in 1973 under the New Towns Development Programme of the Hong Kong government. Its current name was named after the nearby village of Sha Tin Wai.  The literal English translation is 'Sand Fields'.