hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Live steam
Live steam is steam under pressure, obtained by heating water in a boiler. The steam may be used to operate stationary or moving equipment.

A live steam machine or device is one powered by steam, but the term is usually reserved for those that are replicas, scale models, toys, or otherwise used for heritage, museum, entertainment, or recreational purposes, to distinguish them from similar devices powered by electricity, internal combustion, or some other more convenient method but designed to look as if they are steam-powered. Revenue-earning steam-powered machines such as mainline and narrow gauge steam locomotives, full-sized steamships, and the worldwide electric power-generating industry  steam turbines are not normally referred to as "live steam".

Steamrollers and traction engines are popular, in 1:4 or 1:3 scale, as are model stationary steam engines, ranging from pocket-size to 1:2 scale.

Steam
Steam is water vapor, often mixed with air and/or an aerosol of liquid water droplets. This may occur by evaporation or by boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Superheated or saturated steam is invisible; however, wet steam, a visible mist or aerosol of water droplets, is often referred to as  "steam".: 6

When liquid water becomes steam, it increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure; this change in volume can be converted into mechanical work by steam engines such as reciprocating piston-type engines and steam turbines. Piston-type steam engines played a central role in the Industrial Revolution, and steam-based generation today produces 80 percent of the world's electricity. If liquid water comes into contact with a very hot surface or depressurizes quickly below its vapor pressure, it can create a steam explosion.
Bjørnar Andresen
Bjørnar Andresen (1 April 1945 – 2 October 2004) was a Norwegian jazz musician (double bass, guitar, banjo), known for his improvisational and multicultural musical expression in a variety of publications.

Jon Eberson
Jon Arild Eberson (born 6 January 1953) is a Norwegian jazz guitarist and composer, the son of jazz guitarist Leif Eberson (1925–1970), and the father of keyboardist Marte Maaland Eberson. He was a member of the bands Moose Loose (1973–77), Radka Toneff Quintet (1975–80), and Blow Out (1977–78).
Inter County Football League
The Inter County Football League was formed in 1905 in Scotland as one of several supplementary football leagues that were created in order to increase the number of fixtures for Scottish Football League clubs.

Member clubs of the original competition included Abercorn (1904–1906), Albion Rovers (1904–1906), Arthurlie (1904–1905), Ayr (1904–1906) and Vale of Leven (1905–1906). In the two seasons it was played, not all of the fixtures were played and the championship was withheld.

The competition was played out in a knockout format in 1906–07, known that season as the Inter County Shield, but, again, the competition was unfinished because the final was never played.

The competition was re-formed in 1916–17 with Albion Rovers, Dumbarton Harp, Queen's Park Strollers XI, Renton and Stevenston United. Dykehead, Royal Albert and Wishaw Thistle all resigned.

Supplementary football league
A supplementary football league is an association football competition set up by clubs which are already members of more senior leagues to give the clubs a larger fixture list and fill in "spare" Saturdays which were not being used for cup-ties or league games.
Go North East
Go North East is a bus operator running both local and regional bus services in County Durham, Cumbria, Northumberland, North Yorkshire and Tyne and Wear, England. It was previously known as the Northern General Transport Company and Go-Ahead Northern. The company was the foundation of today's Go-Ahead Group, which now operates bus and rail services across the United Kingdom, as well as Germany, Ireland, Norway and Singapore.

Arriva North East
Arriva North East operates both local and regional bus services in County Durham, Northumberland, North Yorkshire and Tyne and Wear, England. It is a subsidiary of Arriva UK Bus, which operates bus and coach services across the United Kingdom.
Tamuín
Tamuín is a municipio (second-level administrative division) in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí. Tamuín is internationally renowned for three archaeological sites representative of the precolonial Huastec culture.

Huasteca
La Huasteca (Nahuatl languages: Cuextecapan) is a geographical and cultural region located partially along the Gulf of Mexico and including parts of the states of Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Hidalgo and San Luis Potosí. It is roughly defined as the area in which the Huastec people had influence when their civilization was at its height during the Mesoamerican period. Today, the Huastecs occupy only a fraction of this region with the Nahua people now the most numerous indigenous group. However, those who live in the region share a number of cultural traits such as a style of music and dance, along with religious festivals such as Xantolo.
Bakel department
Bakel department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal and one of the four making up the Tambacounda region in the east of the country. The department had an area of 22,378 km² and population estimate at 215,680 in 2005. However, in 2008 the department was split to form the new department of Goudiry, so the area was reduced to estimated 6,290 km².

The department has three urban communes; Bakel, Diawara, and Kidira.

The rest of the department is divided administratively into three arrondissements which in turn are divided into rural communities (communautés rurales):

Bélé Arrondissement
Bélé
Sinthiou Fissa

Kéniaba Arrondissement
Toumboura
Sadatou
Madina Foulbé
Gathiary

Moudéry Arrondissement 
Moudéry
Ballou
Gabou

Departments of Senegal
The 14 regions of Senegal are subdivided into 46 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 régions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers.

Since three new regions increased the number of departments to 45 in 2008, the most recent addition, of Keur Massar, in May 2008 brings the number to 46.

The departments are listed below, by region:
Virginia State Route 107
State Route 107 (SR 107) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 8.39 miles (13.50 km) from Interstate 81 (I-81) in Chilhowie north to SR 91 in Saltville in western Smyth County.

Interstate 81 in Virginia
Interstate 81 (I-81) is an 855.02-mile-long (1,376.02 km) Interstate Highway. In the US state of Virginia, I-81 runs for 324.92 miles (522.91 km), making the portion in Virginia longer than any other state's portion of the route. It is also the longest Interstate Highway within the borders of Virginia. It stretches from the Tennessee state line near Bristol to the West Virginia state line near Winchester. It enters Virginia from Bristol, Tennessee, and leaves Virginia into Berkeley County, West Virginia. The route passes through the cities of Bristol, Roanoke, Salem, Lexington, Staunton, and Harrisonburg.
Glasgow Corporation Tramways
Glasgow Corporation Tramways were formerly one of the largest urban tramway systems in Europe. Over 1,000 municipally owned trams served the city of Glasgow, Scotland, with over 100 route miles (160 route kilometres) by 1922. The system closed in 1962 and was the last city tramway in Great Britain (prior to the construction of new systems in the 1990s).

Dalmarnock
Dalmarnock (/dælˈmɑːrnək/, Scottish Gaelic: Dail Mheàrnaig) is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow. It is situated east of the city centre, directly north of the River Clyde opposite the town of Rutherglen. It is also bounded by the Glasgow neighbourhoods of Parkhead to the north-east and Bridgeton to the north-west.
P-Cresol
para-Cresol, also 4-methylphenol, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4(OH).  It is a colourless solid that is widely used intermediate in the production of other chemicals. It is a derivative of phenol and is an isomer of o-cresol and m-cresol.

M-Cresol
meta-Cresol, also 3-methylphenol, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4(OH).  It is a colourless, viscous liquid that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals. It is a derivative of phenol and is an isomer of p-cresol and o-cresol.
Mesothelae
The Mesothelae are a suborder of spiders (order Araneae). The division of extant members of the suborder into families has varied. A single extant family Liphistiidae may be accepted, with two subfamilies: Liphistiinae, containing only the genus Liphistius, and Heptathelinae, with seven genera. Alternatively, the two subfamilies may be treated as separate families, Liphistiidae and Heptathelidae. As of November 2025, the World Spider Catalog accepted the single family approach. There are also a number of extinct families.

This suborder is thought to form the sister group to all other living spiders, and to retain ancestral characters, such as a segmented abdomen with spinnerets in the middle and two pairs of book lungs. Extant members of the Mesothelae are medium to large spiders with eight eyes grouped on a tubercle. They are found only in China, Japan, and southeast Asia. The oldest known Mesothelae spiders are from the Carboniferous, over 300 million years ago.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Charlottetown Accord
The Charlottetown Accord (French: Accord de Charlottetown) was a package of proposed amendments to the Constitution of Canada, proposed by the Canadian federal and provincial governments in 1992. It was submitted to a public referendum on October 26 and was defeated.

Referendums in Canada
Referendums have been held in Canada at the federal, provincial and city levels.

National referendums are seldom used in Canada. The first two referendums in 1898 and 1942 saw a large number of voters in Quebec and in the remainder of Canada take dramatically-opposing stands, and the third in 1992 saw most of the voters take a stand opposed to that of the party in power.
Oceanus Hopkins
Oceanus Hopkins (c.1620 – 1627) was the only child born on the Mayflower during its historic voyage which brought the English Pilgrims to America. Another boy, Peregrine White, was born on board, after arriving in America, as the ship lay at anchor.

Oceanus was born to Stephen Hopkins and his wife, Elizabeth Hopkins (née Fisher), sometime between the boarding and arrival dates of September 6 and November 9, 1620. He survived the first winter in Plymouth, but died by 1627.

He was named 'Oceanus', Latin for 'ocean', because he was born on the Atlantic Ocean.

Stephen Hopkins (pilgrim)
Steven Hopkins (fl. 1579 – d. 1644) was an English adventurer to the Virginia Colony and Plymouth Colony. Most notably, he was a passenger on the Mayflower in 1620, one of 41 signatories of the Mayflower Compact, and an assistant to the governor of Plymouth Colony through 1636. He worked as a tanner and merchant and was recruited by the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London to provide the governance for the colony and to assist with the colony's ventures. He was the only Mayflower passenger with prior New World experience, having been shipwrecked in Bermuda in 1609 en route to Jamestown, Virginia. Hopkins lived in Jamestown from 1610 to 1614, then returned to England. Hopkins settled in Plymouth Colony and died there in 1644.
Entomology
Entomology, from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (éntomon), meaning "insect", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study", is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In the past, the term insect was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arachnids, myriapods, and crustaceans. The field is also referred to as insectology in American English, while in British English insectology implies the study of the relationships between insects and humans.

Over 1.3 million insect species have been described by entomology.

Lepidopterology
Lepidopterology (from Ancient Greek  λεπίδος (lepídos) 'scale'  πτερόν (pterón) 'wing' and  -λογία (-logia)) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the two superfamilies of butterflies. Someone who studies in this field is a lepidopterist or, archaically, an aurelian.
Feios
Feios is a village in Vik Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the southern shore of the Sognefjorden, about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of the village of Vangsnes and about 17 kilometres (11 mi) northwest of the village of Fresvik. The village lies in a small, narrow valley, surrounded by large mountains, with the river Feioselvi running through the center of the valley. Feios Church is located in the village.

A good portion of the population is engaged in agriculture, especially fruits such as apples, pears, plums, strawberries, and raspberries on farms and gardens in the village. Historically, the village has been famous for its beautiful fruit blossoms. Fruit cultivation has slowed somewhat in recent years. Raising cattle, sheep, and horses are also done on the farms in this valley.

Feios Church
Feios Church (Norwegian: Feios kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vik Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Feios, along the southern shore of the Sognefjorden. It is the church for the Feios parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1866 using plans drawn up by the architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 220 people.
Downtown Minot
Downtown Minot is the central business district of Minot, North Dakota, located south of the Souris River in the Souris Valley.  Downtown is the site of the first permanent settlement in Minot in 1886. Downtown is home to many of Minot's cultural sites of interest. It is also home to numerous galleries, stores and restaurants.  The Minot Riverwalk traverses the downtown.

Minot Carnegie Library
Minot Carnegie Library on 2nd Ave., SE, in Downtown Minot, North Dakota.

It was built in 1911 and was designed by Minot architects Woodruff & McGulpin in Classical Revival style.  It has also been known as Free Public Library, Carnegie Library and Minot Public Library.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It served as the public library for Minot from 1912 until 1965, until the new Minot Public Library building was built.

It was used as a library until 1965, then used as a senior center, then was vacant from 1979 until the time of NRHP listing.
Barque of Saint Peter
The Barque of Saint Peter symbolises the Catholic Church as a barque. Saint Peter, the first pope, was a fisherman who became one of the twelve Apostles of Jesus. The Catholic Church believes that all succeeding popes, as  his successors, steer the Barque. This may explain the etymology of the central part of churches, the nave, which stems from the Latin word for ship, navis.

Coat of arms of Paris
The coat of arms of Paris (French: blason de Paris) shows a silver sailing ship on waves of the sea in a red field, with a chief showing the royal fleurs-de-lis. Originally introduced in the 14th century, its current form dates to 1853. The city motto is Fluctuat nec mergitur ("[She] is tossed [by the waves], but does not sink"). The traditional colors of the city of Paris are red and blue.
Norwood International High School
Norwood International High School (NIHS) is a single-campus, co-educational, public high school located in the eastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia.

Founded as Norwood District High School in 1910 on Osmond Terrace, Norwood, the school relocated five years later to Kensington Park for nearly half a century, and changed its name to Norwood High School (NHS) in 1947. This school moved to its present location in Magill between 1960 and 1962.

Morialta High School came into being in 1975, and was merged with Norwood High in 1993, to become Norwood Morialta High School (NMHS), across two campuses. The Morialta site in Rostrevor became Middle Campus, for Years 8 to 10, while the Magill site was known as senior campus (Years 11 to 12).

In 2022 the two campuses were amalgamated to form Norwood International High School at the Magill site. The former Morialta campus was closed down, and the new Morialta Secondary College opened on the same site in 2023.

Morialta Secondary College
Morialta Secondary College is a co-educational high school located in the eastern suburbs of Adelaide, South Australia. Founded on the site of the old Norwood Morialta High School's middle campus, Morialta Secondary College opened in 2023 and accepted year 7 students in its inaugural year.

Construction of the school began in February 2022, where the old pre-existing buildings were demolished and replaced by new infrastructure, including "a 165-seat performing arts centre, gymnasium, 2 sports ovals and courts, a library, gallery, café and state of the art VET Kitchen". Constructions were delayed and the expected opening of the school, at the start of term 1, 2023 could not be accomplished, forcing its students to attend the nearby Magill Campus of UniSA for the first three weeks. The high school is expected to cater 1200 students by 2028, when each year level will have an individual cohort.

The current principal is Roley Coulter.
William Skeffington (died 1571)
William Skeffington (by 1521 – 22 September 1571), of Skeffington, Leicestershire, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was the eldest son of Thomas Skeffington of Skeffington and succeeded his father in 1543.

He was a Justice of the Peace for Leicestershire from 1547 to his death and a Commissioner for Relief in 1550. He was elected a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Leicestershire in 1555 and was appointed High Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire for 1560–61.

He married Mary, the daughter of Thomas Cave of Stanford, Northamptonshire; they had 2 sons and 3 daughters. He was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas.

High Sheriff of Warwickshire
This is a list of sheriffs and high sheriffs of the English county of Warwickshire.

The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.  Under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, on 1 April 1974 the office previously known as Sheriff was retitled High Sheriff. The High Sheriff changes, by Warwickshire tradition, on Maundy Thursday.

For a period prior to the middle of the 16th century the Sheriff of Warwickshire was also the Sheriff of Leicestershire.
1952 Davis Cup America Zone
The America Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1952 Davis Cup.

5 teams entered the America Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the Europe Zone and Eastern Zone. The United States defeated Canada in the final and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.

1952 Davis Cup Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1952 Davis Cup.

23 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Zone against the winners of the America Zone and Eastern Zone. Italy defeated Belgium in the final and progressed to the Inter-Zonal Zone.
Master Francke
Master Francke O.P. (or Meister Francke, Frater Francke, respectively German for "Master Francke" and Latin for "Brother Francke") was a North German Gothic painter and Dominican friar, born ca. 1380 in the Lower Rhine region or possibly Zutphen in the Netherlands, who died ca. 1440, probably in Hamburg, where he was based at the end of his known career.  He is called "Fratre Francone Zutphanico" ("Brother Frank of Zutphen") in one document. He may have trained as an illuminator and painter in France or the Netherlands, and later worked in Münster, before joining in St John's Priory in Hamburg by 1424 at the latest.

Saint Barbara Altarpiece (Master Francke)
The Saint Barbara Altarpiece is a medieval altarpiece attributed to Master Francke. Its known provenance starts at the medieval church in Kalanti in Southwest Finland where it stood until 1883. According to local oral tradition that was collected in the 19th century, the altarpiece was found floating in the sea outside Kalanti. The altarpiece is now located at the National Museum of Finland.

The altarpiece is best known for the paintings depicting the legend of Saint Barbara on the outside of its inner wings.
Cisgender
The word cisgender (often shortened to cis; sometimes cissexual) describes a person whose gender identity corresponds to their sex assigned at birth, i.e., someone who is not transgender. The prefix cis- is Latin and means on this side of. The term cisgender was coined in 1994 as an antonym to transgender, and entered into dictionaries starting in 2015 as a result of changes in social discourse about gender.

Related concepts are cisnormativity (the presumption that cisgender identity is preferred or normal) and cissexism (bias or prejudice favoring cisgender people).

Heteronormativity
Heteronormativity is the definition of heterosexuality as the normative human sexuality. It assumes the gender binary (i.e., that there are only two distinct, opposite genders) and that sexual and marital relations are most fitting between people of the opposite sex.

Heteronormativity creates and upholds a social hierarchy based on sexual orientation with the practice and belief that heterosexuality is deemed as the societal norm.

A heteronormative view, therefore, involves alignment of biological sex, sexuality, gender identity and gender roles. Heteronormativity has been linked to heterosexism and homophobia, and the effects of societal heteronormativity on lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals have been described as heterosexual or "straight" privilege.
History of the telephone
This history of the telephone chronicles the development of the electrical telephone, and includes a brief overview of its predecessors.  The first telephone patent was granted to Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

Johann Philipp Reis
Johann Philipp Reis (German: [ʁaɪs]; 7 January 1834 – 14 January 1874) was a self-taught German scientist and inventor.  In 1861, he constructed the first make-and-break telephone, today called the Reis telephone. It was the first device to transmit a voice via electronic signals, and is regarded by some as the first telephone. Reis also coined the term telephone.