hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Editio Octava Critica Maior
Editio Octava Critica Maior is a critical edition of the Greek New Testament produced by Constantin von Tischendorf. It was Tischendorf's eighth edition of the Greek Testament, and the most important, published between 1864 and 1894.

Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf (18 January 1815 – 7 December 1874) was a German biblical scholar. In 1844, he discovered the world's oldest and most complete Bible dated to around the mid-4th century and called Codex Sinaiticus after Saint Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai.

Tischendorf was made an honorary doctor by the University of Oxford on 16 March 1865, and by the University of Cambridge on 9 March 1865 following his discovery. While a student gaining his academic degree in the 1840s, he earned international recognition when he deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th-century Greek manuscript of the New Testament.
Schwansen (Amt)
Schwansen was an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It covered most of the peninsula Schwansen. The seat of the Amt was in Damp.

In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Schlei and Windeby to form the Amt Schlei-Ostsee.

The Amt Schwansen consisted of the following municipalities:

Brodersby

Damp

Dörphof

Holzdorf

Karby

Thumby

Waabs

Winnemark

Windeby (Amt)
Windeby was an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The seat of the Amt was in Eckernförde, which wasn't part of the Amt.

In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Schwansen and Schlei to form the Amt Schlei-Ostsee.

The Amt Windeby consisted of the following municipalities:

Altenhof

Barkelsby

Gammelby

Goosefeld

Loose

Windeby
Larkin State Park Trail
Larkin State Park Trail is a Connecticut rail trail that follows the former New York & New England Railroad roadbed across the towns of Southbury, Oxford, Middlebury, and Naugatuck. The trail is 10.3 miles (16.6 km) long; its eastern terminus is at Whittemore Glen State Park, the western at Kettletown Road in Southbury. The trail is open for hiking, biking, horseback riding, and cross-country skiing.

Oxford, Connecticut
Oxford is a residential town located in western New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The population was 12,706 at the 2020 Census. Oxford is the 26th-wealthiest town in the state by median household income. Distinct settled areas in the town include Oxford Center, Quaker Farms, and Riverside. Oxford belongs to the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk Metropolitan Statistical Area, a subregion of the New York metropolitan area.
Janusz Zajdel
Janusz Andrzej Zajdel (15 August 1938 – 19 July 1985) was a Polish science fiction author, second in popularity in Poland to Stanisław Lem. His major genres were social science fiction and dystopia. His main recurring theme involved the gloomy prospects for a space environment into which mankind carried totalitarian ideas and habits: Red Space Republics, or Space Labor Camps, or both. His heroes desperately try to find meaning in the world around them.

The Polish science fiction fandom award was named after him: the Janusz A. Zajdel Award. He was a trustee of World SF.

Wyjście z cienia
Wyjście z cienia (English critics variously translated the title as Coming out of the Shadow, Out of the Shadow, Leaving the Shadow, etc.) is a 1983 science fiction novel by Polish writer Janusz A. Zajdel.

It belongs to the genre of social science fiction of dystopia type and describes the future of the Earth under control of the aliens.
Briey
Briey (French pronunciation: [bʁijɛ] ⓘ; German: Brietz) is a former commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in northeastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Val de Briey.

It is located both above and in a steep section of the valley of the river Woigot, five kilometers to the north of the autoroute that connects Strasbourg with Paris, and 22 km northwest of Metz. The population of the town itself has been around 5,000 since the 1960s.

Val de Briey
Val de Briey (French pronunciation: [val də bʁijɛ] ⓘ, lit. 'Valley of Briey') is a commune in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, northeastern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Briey (the seat), Mancieulles and Mance.
Aschaffenburg
Aschaffenburg (German pronunciation: [aˈʃafn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Hessian: Aschebersch, pronounced [ˈaʒəˌbɛːʃ]) is a town in northwest Bavaria, Germany. The town of Aschaffenburg, despite being its administrative seat, is not part of the district of Aschaffenburg.

Aschaffenburg belonged to the Archbishopric of Mainz for more than 800 years. The town is located at the westernmost border of Lower Franconia and separated from the central and eastern part of the Regierungsbezirk (administrative region) by the Spessart hills, whereas it opens towards the Rhine-Main plain in the west and the north-west. Therefore, the inhabitants speak neither Bavarian nor East Franconian but rather a local version of Rhine Franconian.

Aschaffenburg (district)
Aschaffenburg (Low Franconian: Aschebersch) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the districts of Darmstadt-Dieburg, Offenbach, Main-Kinzig (all in the state of Hesse), the districts Main-Spessart and Miltenberg, and the City of Aschaffenburg.
SkyBar
The SkyBar (or Skybar) is a bar and lounge inside the Mondrian Hotel, in Los Angeles, California. It was opened in December 1996 by Rande Gerber. It features an outdoor area with a pool overlooking West Hollywood, as well an indoor area with bar. It is known for being visited by celebrities.

SkyBar is used by William Gibson in his 2007 novel Spook Country as a meeting place between the protagonist Hollis Henry and her employer Hubertus Bigend. In Shakira's 2009 song, "Men in This Town", she mentions SkyBar: I went to look / From the Sky Bar to the Standard, nothing took.

As of November 2019, the Mondrian Hotel is owned by SBE Entertainment Group, which also has SkyBar branded lounges in Nassau, Bahamas, and Miami Beach, Florida.

Mondrian Hotel
The Mondrian Hotel is a boutique hotel at 8440 Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood, California. It was opened in 1996, and it is owned by Pebblebrook Hotel Trust and operated by Accor as the flagship of the Mondrian brand.
11th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 11th Infantry Regiment is a regiment in the United States Army. In 2007, the 11th Infantry was reflagged as the 199th Infantry Brigade, as part of the "Transformation of the US Army" effort. Today, the 11th Infantry Regiment is part of the Army's regimental system and is the primary regiment to which many Infantry School units are aligned.

5th Infantry Division (United States)
The 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized)—nicknamed the "Red Diamond", or the "Red Devils" —was an infantry division of the United States Army that served in World War I, World War II and the Vietnam War, and with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the U.S. Army III Corps. It was deactivated on 24 November 1992 and reflagged as the 2nd Armored Division.
Washington's 4th legislative district
Washington's 4th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature. The district borders Idaho to the east, Washington's 6th legislative district to the south, Spokane to the west, and Washington's 7th legislative district on the north.

The largely suburban district is represented by state senator Leonard Christian and state representatives Suzanne Schmidt (position 1) and Rob Chase (position 2), all Republicans.

Washington legislative districts
The following is a list of the forty-nine legislative districts in the U.S. state of Washington since the 2024 redistricting. From the time Washington achieved statehood in 1889, it has elected members for representation to the state legislature.  Each district elects a state senator and two district representatives.  The districts have changed throughout state history through periodical redistricting, most recently in 2024 following the Soto Palmer v. Hobbs court case  District lines in Washington are drawn by the Washington State Redistricting Commission, which is made up of four members appointed by the legislature's party leaders and a fifth non-voting chair.
Camp Union (California)
Camp Union near Sacramento, California was a military training center for the Union Army during the American Civil War. First constructed near Sacramento, across the river from Sutterville the camp operated from 1861 until it was evacuated due to the flood waters from the Great Flood of 1862.  The second camp site was located on the east side of the river in Sutterville.  These camps primarily served as a training camps for California volunteer regiments.  Toward the end of the conflict, the camp became a discharge center for returning troops until the post was closed and abandoned in 1866.

The troops of the 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, organized and training in the camp at the time, aided the flooded capital of California during the Great Flood.

The site is California Historical Landmark No. 666.

5th California Infantry Regiment
The 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It spent its entire term of service in the western United States, attached to the Department of the Pacific and Department of New Mexico.
Tsing Yi Tong
Tsing Yi Lagoon, or Tsing Yi Tong, was a lagoon on the east shore of Tsing Yi Island in Hong Kong. Its water came from a stream in the nearby valley of Liu To and its outlet was at Tsing Yi Bay. It acted as the shelter for nearby boat people, especially after large-scale land reclamation in Tsuen Wan and Kwai Chung. Once their boats moved into the lagoon, they never moved out. This was because their boats were too old for fishing far away. The lagoon was unable to escape the fate of development. Both the lagoon and the neighbouring Tsing Yi Bay, were reclaimed for new towns. The boat people were forced to give up their boats and were relocated to public housing estate on the island. After reclamation, the northern portion became Tsing Yi Estate and the remainder became temporary housing areas, which were later demolished.

Liu To
Liu To (Chinese: 寮肚) is the area around the valley in the midwest of Tsing Yi Island. There is a stream in the valley watering the narrow band of agricultural fields of Liu To Village (寮肚村). Its water formerly filled the Tsing Yi Lagoon and nurtured the rice paddies around the lagoon but now is just water flowing in the underground nullah to the Rambler Channel. The valley has occasionally been referred to as the Liu To Valley (寮肚坑) and the surrounding hills as Liu To Hill (寮肚山).

The Mount Haven (曉峰園) private housing estate sits deep in the valley, while the Cheung Wang Estate and the Cheung Hang Estate stand on the surrounding hills to the north. Liu To Bridge, part of Tsing Yi West Road, spans the valley.

The Tsing Yi Nature Trail runs over the hills at the back of the valley.
Michael Mitchell (politician)
Sir Michael Mitchell (died 1699) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

Mitchell was Sheriff of Dublin City in 1683. Between 1691 and 1693 he was Lord Mayor of Dublin, the first Protestant to be appointed to the role after the collapse of James II of England's Jacobite regime in Ireland. In 1692 he was elected as a Member of Parliament for Dublin City, serving until 1693.

Sheriff of Dublin City
The Sheriff of Dublin City is a judicial and administrative role in Ireland. Initially, the Sovereign's judicial representative in Dublin, the role was later held by two individuals and concerned with a mix of judicial, political and administrative functions. In origins, an office for a lifetime, assigned by the Sovereign, the Sheriff became an annual appointment following the Provisions of Oxford in 1258.

Today, the Sheriff is a full-time public official whose role includes enforcing court orders of the Circuit Court, such as eviction or debt collection, acting as returning officer in public elections, and executing tax certificates on behalf of the Revenue Commissioners.
The Bedford Incident
The Bedford Incident is a 1965 British-American Cold War film starring Richard Widmark and Sidney Poitier, with James MacArthur, Martin Balsam, Wally Cox, and Eric Portman in support.  It was directed by James B. Harris, and produced by Harris and Widmark, adapted from a 1963 novel of the same name by Mark Rascovich, which borrowed from the plot of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick.

At the time The Bedford Incident was produced, Harris was best known as the producer of three of Stanley Kubrick's films. When Kubrick decided to make Dr. Strangelove as a satirical black comedy rather than a dramatic thriller, Harris still wanted to create a serious nuclear confrontation film. With Kubrick's blessing and advice, he did.

Nuclear torpedo
A nuclear torpedo is a torpedo armed with a nuclear warhead.
The idea behind equipping a torpedo with a nuclear warhead was to create a much bigger explosive blast. Later analysis suggested that smaller, more accurate, and faster torpedoes were more efficient and effective.

During the Cold War, nuclear torpedoes replaced some conventionally armed torpedoes on submarines of both the Soviet and American navies.

The USSR developed the T15, the T5 and the ASB-30. The only nuclear warhead torpedo used by the United States was the Mark 45 torpedo. The Soviet Union widely deployed T5 nuclear torpedoes in 1958 and the U.S. deployed its Mark 45 torpedo in 1963.: 28  
In 2015, there were rumors that Russia was developing a new nuclear torpedo, the Status-6.
Corfe Hills School
Corfe Hills School is a co-educational upper school in Broadstone, Poole, Dorset, England, in the urban fringe between Poole and Wimborne. The school became an academy in 2011. The school serves Corfe Mullen, Broadstone, Wimborne, Merley and Sturminster Marshall. The current headteacher is James Sankey.

Wimborne Minster
Wimborne Minster (often referred to as Wimborne, /ˈwɪmbɔːrn/) is a market town in Dorset in South West England, and the name of the Church of England church in that town. It lies at the confluence of the River Stour and the River Allen, 5 miles (8 km) north of Poole, on the Dorset Heaths, and is part of the South East Dorset conurbation. According to Office for National Statistics data the population of the Wimborne Minster built-up area as of 2014 was 15,552.

The name Wimborne derives from the Old English winnburna meaning 'stream by a pasture'.
Skræling
Skræling (Old Norse and Icelandic: skrælingi, plural skrælingjar) is the name the Norse Greenlanders used for the peoples they encountered in North America (Canada and Greenland). In surviving sources, it is first applied to the Thule people, the proto-Inuit group with whom the Norse coexisted in Greenland after about the 13th century. In the Icelandic sagas, it is also used for the peoples of the region known as Vinland whom the Norse encountered and fought during their expeditions there in the early 11th century.

Saga of Erik the Red
The Saga of Erik the Red, in Old Norse: Eiríks saga rauða (listenⓘ), is an Icelandic saga on the Norse exploration of North America. The original saga is thought to have been written in the 13th century. It is preserved in somewhat different versions in two manuscripts: Hauksbók (14th century) and Skálholtsbók (15th century).

Despite its title, the saga mainly chronicles the life and expedition of Thorfinn Karlsefni and his wife Gudrid, also recounted in the Saga of the Greenlanders. For this reason it was formerly also called Þorfinns saga karlsefnis; Árni Magnússon wrote that title in the blank space at the top of the saga in Hauksbók. It also details the events that led to the banishment of Erik the Red  to Greenland and the preaching of Christianity by his son Leif Erikson as well as his discovery of Vinland after his longship was blown off course.
Silk Road numismatics
Silk Road Numismatics is a special field within Silk Road studies and within numismatics. It is particularly important because it covers a part of the world where history is not always clear – either because the historical record is incomplete or is contested. For example, numismatics has played a central role in determining the chronology of the Kushan kings.

Helen Wang
Helen Kay Wang (née Below; simplified Chinese: 汪海岚; traditional Chinese: 汪海嵐; pinyin: Wāng Hǎilán; born 1965) is an English sinologist and translator. She works as curator of East Asian Money at the British Museum in London. She has also published a number of literary translations from Chinese, including an award-winning translation of a Chinese children's book.
Sayalonga
Sayalonga is a town and municipality in the province of Málaga, part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in southern Spain. It belongs to the comarca of La Axarquía. The municipality is situated approximately 38 kilometres from the capital of Málaga and 12 kilometres from Vélez Málaga. It has a population of approximately 1,300 residents. The natives are called Sayalonguinos.

In 1867 there was a regrouping into new municipal units in which the village of Corumbela became part of the municipality of Sayalonga.

Vélez-Málaga
Vélez-Málaga (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbeleθ ˈmalaɣa]), locally known as Vélez, is a municipality, the capital (and the most important city) of the Axarquía comarca in the province of Málaga, in the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia. Vélez-Málaga is the headquarters of the Commonwealth of Municipalities of Costa del Sol-Axarquía. The municipality forms part of the Costa del Sol region.

Vélez-Málaga itself is a market city and "bustling market town and supply centre for the region's farmers", 4 km inland from Torre del Mar but unlike the coastal resort not dominated by the tourist industry.
Bungendore railway station
Bungendore railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Bombala line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the town of Bungendore. The design of the station has been attributed to John Whitton. It was built in 1884-85 by contractor J. Jordan. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Bungendore
Bungendore is a town in the Southern Tablelands Region of New South Wales, Australia, in Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council.  It is on the Kings Highway near Lake George, the Molonglo River Valley and the Australian Capital Territory border.  It has become a major tourist centre in recent years, popular with visitors from Canberra and some of it has heritage protection.  It has expanded rapidly in recent years as a dormitory town of Canberra.
Silvia Lara Povedano
Silvia Lara Povedano (1959) is a Costa Rican politician and sociologist. She was president of the Joint Social Welfare Institute (Instituto Mixto de Ayuda Social) (IMAS) during the administration of Abel Pacheco (PUSC) and vice-presidential candidate of the National Liberation Party for the 2014 elections as running mate of presidential candidate Johnny Araya Monge.

Lara graduated with a master's degree in sociology from the University of Costa Rica. She was executive director of the Business Association for Development, director of the National Women's Institute (INAMU), consultant for various UN agencies, including UNDP, UNICEF, UNIFEM, and ECLAC between 2003 and 2007, the World Conservation Union and the Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos. She was also the social sector consultant for the Costa Rican government during the Óscar Arias administration.

Johnny Araya Monge
Johnny Francisco Araya Monge (born 29 April 1957) is a Costa Rican politician. He was the mayor of the country's capital San José from 1998 to 2013 and again from 2016 to 2024. He was also the co-president of the United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) from 2010 to 2013. He is a member of the National Liberation Party (PLN) and was a presidential candidate in the 2014 election.
Bleicherode
Bleicherode (German pronunciation: [blaɪçəˈʁoːdə] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Nordhausen, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated on the river Wipper, 17 km southwest of Nordhausen. It is located in the southern Harz Mountain area. On 1 December 2007, the former municipality Obergebra was incorporated by Bleicherode. The former municipalities Etzelsrode, Friedrichsthal, Kleinbodungen, Kraja, Hainrode, Nohra, Wipperdorf and Wolkramshausen were merged into Bleicherode in January 2019. Every Tuesday and Thursday, there is a market held at the Zierbrunnenplatz in the town.

Historically, Bleicherode belonged to the Prussian province of Saxony between 1700 and 1945.

One of Bleicherode's most famous natives is the cartographer August Heinrich Petermann.

The house where Petermann was born: Neue Straße 3, Bleicherode

Memorial for August Petermann in Bleicherode

Nohra, Thuringia
Nohra (German pronunciation: [ˈnoːʁa]) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Nordhausen, in Thuringia, Germany. As of 2018, Nohra had a population of 799.

Nohra was first mentioned on 9 January 1152.

Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town of Bleicherode.
Reichenau Abbey
Reichenau Abbey was a Benedictine monastery on Reichenau Island (known in Latin as Augia Dives) in southern Germany. It was founded in 724 by the itinerant Saint Pirmin, who is said to have fled Visigothic Spain ahead of the Moorish invaders, with patronage that included Charles Martel, and, more locally, Count Berthold of the Ahalolfinger and the Alemannian duke Hnabi. Pirmin's conflict with Hnabi resulted in his leaving Reichenau in 727.

Hermann of Reichenau
Blessed Hermann of Reichenau or Herman the Cripple (18 July 1013 – 24 September 1054), also known by other names, was an 11th-century Benedictine monk and scholar. He composed works on history, music theory, mathematics, and astronomy, as well as many hymns. He has traditionally been credited with the composition of "Salve Regina", "Veni Sancte Spiritus", and "Alma Redemptoris Mater", although these attributions are sometimes questioned. His cultus and beatification were confirmed by the Roman Catholic Church in 1863. His feast day is September 25.
Taiwanese hip-hop
Taiwanese hip hop music started in the early 1990s, popularized by the early hip hop trio L.A. Boyz. A distinctive style of rap emerged using Taiwanese Hokkien as opposed to the Mandarin Chinese used in Mandopop, which before democratization the regime actively  promote the use of Mandarin and suppressing the use of Taigi.

Nine One One (band)
Nine One One (Chinese: 玖壹壹; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiú-it-it) is a Taiwanese hip hop group from Taichung, Taiwan, composed of Daniel Hong Yu-hong (洪瑜鴻), Liao Chien-chih (廖建至), and Chern Hawyeu (陳皓宇). The group was formed on September 11, 2009, and began performing at temple festivals and night clubs. In 2016, the group was nominated for Best Group at the 27th Golden Melody Awards and was invited to perform at the venue. The music video for Nine One One's 2015 single "9453", featuring scenery from Penghu County, has been viewed over 50 million times on YouTube. They have two music videos, "Love Roses" and "Hip Hop Country" on the list of most-viewed Chinese music videos on YouTube.
Lachenalia carnosa
Lachenalia carnosa is a species of geophyte in the genus Lachenalia. It is endemic to the Northern Cape and Western Cape. It is also known by the names Namakwa- persviooltjie (Afrikaans for small purple Namaqua violin) and flesh viooltjie.

Lachenalia
Lachenalia is a genus of bulbous perennial plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, which are usually found in Namibia and South Africa. Most of them have a dormancy period, but new roots will always grow every year.

Lachenalia is named after the Swiss botanist Werner de Lachenal (1736-1800). Species are sometimes known as Cape cowslip, though they are not even somewhat related to the true cowslip Primula veris.