hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Falningsjøen
Falningsjøen is a lake in Tynset Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The lake lies about 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) northeast of the village of Kvikne. The Ya River begins at this lake. The Forollhogna National Park boundary lies at the north end of the lake.

The south end of the lake has a dam to control the water for hydro-electric power.

Ya (river)
The Ya is a 38-kilometer (24 mi) river in Tynset Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway.

The river starts as the confluence of the Nordya (lit. 'North Ya') and Storya (lit. 'Big Ya') north of the Grøntjørnan farm. The Midtya (lit. 'Middle Ya') is a higher tributary of the Nordya. The largest source of the Ya is Falningsjøen (lit. 'Lake Falning', elevation 850 meters or 2,790 feet) via the Falninga river tributary; the lake is used as a reservoir for the Ulset Hydroelectric Power Station.

The river is a right tributary of the Orkla River, which it flows into from the east with its mouth at Yset near Norwegian National Road 3. Together with its tributaries, the Ya has a drainage area of 285 square kilometers (110 sq mi). The Ya river system runs through Forollhogna National Park and the Grøntjønnan Nature Reserve.
Saint-Paul Street (Montreal)
Rue Saint-Paul (Saint Paul Street) is a street in the Old Montreal historic area of Montreal, Quebec.

The street was laid out by François Dollier de Casson, along the route of a path that had bordered a former fort. Saint Paul is Montreal's oldest street and for many years served as its main thoroughfare. Paved in 1672, it was named after Paul de Chomedey de Maisonneuve, founder of Montreal, who built a home for himself on it in 1650.

The street is home to such landmarks as the Bonsecours Market and Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Secours Chapel. Much of Saint Paul is still paved with cobblestones. Plans to pedestrianize the street in 2008 were dropped by the City of Montreal after complaints from merchants.

Old Montreal
Old Montreal (French: Vieux-Montréal, pronounced [vjø mɔ̃ʁeal]) is a historic neighbourhood within the municipality of Montreal in the province of Quebec, Canada. Home to the Old Port of Montreal, the neighbourhood is bordered on the west by McGill Street, on the north by Ruelle des Fortifications, on the east by rue Saint-André, and on the south by the Saint Lawrence River. Following recent amendments, the neighbourhood has expanded to include the Rue des Soeurs Grises in the west, Saint Antoine Street in the north, and Saint Hubert Street in the east.

Founded by French settlers in 1642 as Fort Ville-Marie, Old Montreal is home to many structures dating back to the era of New France. The 17th century settlement lends its name to the borough in which the neighbourhood lies, Ville-Marie. In 1964, much of Old Montreal was declared a historic district by the Ministère des Affaires culturelles du Québec.
Hugh Cholmondeley (priest)
Christianity portal

Very Rev. Hugh Cholmondeley FSA (18 December 1772 – 25 November 1815) was an English Anglican priest from the Cholmondeley family. He was Dean of Chester from 1806 until his death.

Cholmondeley was born at Vale Royal Abbey, Cheshire, the fourth son of Thomas Cholmondeley and Dorothy Cowper, daughter and heiress of Edmund Cowper of Overleigh Hall. He was the younger brother of the Thomas Cholmondeley, 1st Baron Delamere.

He was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford. He died in 1815 at the Deanery in Chester.

Thomas Cholmondeley (1726–1779)
Thomas Cholmondeley (24 June 1726 – 2 June 1779), of Vale Royal, Cheshire was a British landowner and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1756 and 1768. He was elected MP for Cheshire in 1756 and 1761.
U.S. Route 22
U.S. Route 22 (US 22) is a major east–west route and one of the original United States Numbered Highways, founded in 1926. It runs from Cincinnati, Ohio, at US 27, US 42, US 127, and US 52 to Newark, New Jersey, at US 1/9 at the Newark Airport Interchange.

US 22 is named the William Penn Highway through most of Pennsylvania. In southwest Ohio, it overlaps with State Route 3 (SR 3) and is familiarly known as the 3-C Highway, "22 and 3", and Montgomery Road.

A section of US 22 in Pennsylvania between New Alexandria at US 119 and Harrisburg at Interstate 81 (I-81) has been designated a part of Corridor M of the Appalachian Development Highway System.

West Virginia Route 2
West Virginia Route 2 is a state highway in the US state of West Virginia. It generally parallels the Ohio River along the western border of the state, from U.S. Route 60 in Huntington (just west of the East End Bridge) northeasterly to U.S. Route 30 in Chester (just south of the Jennings Randolph Memorial Bridge).

WV 2 leaves the shores of the Ohio River in two places: between Point Pleasant and Mount Alto (where West Virginia Route 62 follows the river) and between Ravenswood and Waverly (where West Virginia Route 68 mostly follows the river). The entire route is included as a part of the National Highway System, a system of routes determined to be the most important for the nation's economy, mobility, and defense.
The highway is also somewhat parallel with Ohio Route 7, which can be spotted from the Ohio River.
Vidar Benjaminsen
Vidar Benjaminsen (born 18 August 1962) is a Norwegian ski-orienteering competitor and world champion. He has received four gold medals, four silver medals and seven bronze medals at the World Ski Orienteering Championships, from 1986 to 1996. He won the overall World Cup in Ski Orienteering in 1989 and 1993.

After retiring from elite ski-orienteering, he has been an active organizer of events as well as promoter of the sports of orienteering and ski-orienteering. In 2004, he was awarded a prize for his voluntary efforts by Oslo's regional sports administration.

His club is Lillomarka Orienteering Team. He has been an active member since its formation in 1985.

He is married to Anne Benjaminsen, and they are parents of Andrine Benjaminsen and Juni Marie Benjaminsen.

Andrine Benjaminsen
Andrine Benjaminsen (born 23 August 1995) is a Norwegian orienteer and ski orienteer.

Her achievements in ski orienteering include winning two bronze medals in the Junior World Championships. In foot orienteering, she has won medals at the World Orienteering Championships and the European Orienteering Championships, both in the individual competitions, and with relay teams for Norway.
Diesel Loco Shed, Sabarmati
Diesel Loco Shed, Sabarmati is a locomotive maintenance shed located in Sabarmati, Ahmedabad, Gujarat in India. It is located east of Sabarmati falling under Ahmedabad railway division. The shed caters to the needs of freight as well as passenger
trains.

It is one of three diesel loco sheds in the Western Railway zone, the others are Ratlam and Vatva . One of the last remaining major MG loco sheds.

Sabarmati Junction railway station
Sabarmati Junction railway station is a junction station of the Indian Western Railway in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The station is six kilometres (3.7 mi) from the main Ahmedabad Junction railway station on the Ahmedabad–Delhi main line, at Dharamnagar near the Sabarmati Ashram. Sabarmati Junction has 2 tracks, the Mehsana line, and the Botad line, in addition to the main broad-gauge line for trains departing from Ahmedabad. The station has a dedicated rail yard for passenger trains, and was proposed in 2010 for development as an additional terminal for Delhi-bound trains.
Grosmont, North Yorkshire
Grosmont (/ˈɡroʊmɒnt/ GROH-mont; archaically spelt Growmond) is a village and civil parish situated in Eskdale in the North York Moors National Park, within the boundaries of the county of North Yorkshire, England. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Scarborough, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Grosmont Priory was established in the 12th century and closed during the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16th century. The village was established in the 1830s when the Whitby to Pickering Railway was built, and grew as a result of industrial iron ore extraction, and in the 1860s the development of an ironworks led to further growth. Up to at least the 1850s the village was known as Tunnel.

Pickering, North Yorkshire
Pickering is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, on the border of the North York Moors National Park. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is at the foot of the moors, overlooking the Vale of Pickering to the south.

Pickering Parish Church, with its medieval wall paintings, Pickering Castle, the North Yorkshire Moors Railway and Beck Isle Museum have made Pickering popular with visitors. Nearby places include Malton, Norton-on-Derwent and Scarborough.
Lerma, Piedmont
Lerma is a comune (municipality) of approx. 849 inhabitants, in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region of Piedmont, about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Alessandria.

It borders the municipalities of Bosio, Casaleggio Boiro, Castelletto d'Orba, Montaldeo, Silvano d'Orba and Tagliolo Monferrato.

Tagliolo Monferrato
Tagliolo Monferrato is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Alessandria. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,499 and an area of 25.9 square kilometres (10.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Tagliolo Monferrato contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Cherli, Grossi, Varo, Pessino, Caraffa, Gambina and Mongiardino.

Tagliolo Monferrato borders the following municipalities: Belforte Monferrato, Bosio, Casaleggio Boiro, Lerma, Ovada, Rossiglione, and Silvano d'Orba.
Paroikoi
Paroikoi (plural of Greek πάροικος, paroikos, the etymological origin of parish and parochial) is the term that replaced "metic" in the Hellenistic and Roman period to designate foreign residents.

In the Byzantine Empire, paroikoi were non-proprietary peasants, hereditary holders of their land, irremovable as long as they paid their rent. They appeared in the Justinian code, which prohibited this status; so it remained provisionally clandestine.

Paroikoi are comparable to the western concept of serfs and appear to be widespread by the 13th century.

Metic
In ancient Greece, a metic (Ancient Greek: μέτοικος, métoikos: from μετά, metá, indicating change, and οἶκος, oîkos 'dwelling') was a resident of Athens and some other cities who was a citizen of another polis. They held a status broadly analogous to modern permanent residency, being permitted indefinite residence without political rights.
LeBaron Incorporated
42°23′03″N 82°58′44″W﻿ / ﻿42.3840732°N 82.9788219°W﻿ / 42.3840732; -82.9788219

LeBaron Incorporated (originally LeBaron, Carrossiers Inc.) was an American design business from 1920 and also a coachbuilder from 1924 until 1953.

LeBaron was one of the many prominent coachbuilders in the 1920s to provide bodies for luxury cars. Until World War II most of the great prestige automakers like Duesenberg or Packard would readily supply only a running chassis which wealthy buyers would have fitted with custom bodywork. Automakers like  Rolls-Royce and Hispano-Suiza only supplied a rolling chassis.

LeBaron Incorporated eventually became part of Chrysler Corporation.

Hibbard & Darrin
Carrosserie Hibbard et Darrin was a French coachbuilder located 12 Rue de Berri in Paris, just off the Champs-Élysées. Owned by two Americans, Hibbard and Darrin, it built bodies for various luxury car chassis, including Rolls-Royce, Duesenberg and Minerva.
Klingenberg-Colmnitz station
Klingenberg-Colmnitz station is a station on the Dresden–Werdau railway and the start of two former 750 mm gauge railways, the Klingenberg-Colmnitz–Oberdittmannsdorf and the Klingenberg-Colmnitz–Frauenstein railways, in the municipality of Klingenberg in the German state of Saxony. The station is the top station of the Tharandter Steige ("Tharandt climb").

Klingenberg, Saxony
Klingenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈklɪŋənˌbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district, in Saxony, Germany. It was formed on 31 December 2012 by the merger of the former municipalities Pretzschendorf and Höckendorf.
Saint-Briac-sur-Mer
Saint-Briac-sur-Mer (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ bʁijak syʁ mɛʁ], literally Saint-Briac on Sea; Breton: Sant-Briag; Gallo: Saent-Beriac), is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine Department in Brittany in northwestern France.

Les Essarts, Forbes family estate
Les Essarts is the Forbes family estate at Saint-Briac, France, and the international family seat of the descendants of James Grant Forbes (b. Shanghai, China), a member of the Forbes family of China and Boston who settled in Brittany at Les Essarts. He is the grandfather of two famous politicians, Brice Lalonde, a Green Party candidate for President of France in 1981, and former US Secretary of State John Forbes Kerry, the Democratic nominee for President of the United States of America in 2004. Many of the Forbes family have socialized during summers spent in Brittany at Les Essarts.

Les Essarts had been occupied and used as a Nazi headquarters during World War II. When the Germans fled, they bombed Les Essarts and burnt it down. The sprawling estate was rebuilt in 1954.
Underwater acoustic communication
Underwater acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving messages in water. There are several ways of employing such communication but the most common is by using hydrophones. Underwater communication is difficult due to factors such as multi-path propagation, time variations of the channel, small available bandwidth and strong signal attenuation, especially over long ranges. Compared to terrestrial communication, underwater communication has low data rates because it uses acoustic waves instead of electromagnetic waves.

At the beginning of the 20th century some ships communicated by underwater bells as well as using the system for navigation. Submarine signals were at the time competitive with the primitive maritime radionavigation. The later Fessenden oscillator allowed communication with submarines.

Fessenden oscillator
A Fessenden oscillator is an electro-acoustic transducer invented by Reginald Fessenden, with development starting in 1912 at the Submarine Signal Company of Boston. It was the first successful acoustical echo ranging device. Similar in operating principle to a dynamic voice coil loudspeaker, it was an early kind of transducer, capable of creating underwater sounds and of picking up their echoes.

The creation of this device was motivated by the RMS Titanic disaster of 1912, which highlighted the need to protect ships from collisions with icebergs,  obstacles, and other ships. Because of its relatively low operating frequency, it has been replaced in modern transducers by piezoelectric devices.
Valanga
Valanga is a genus of "bird grasshoppers" in the subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae. Species are found from the Indian subcontinent through southeast Asia and the Korean peninsula to Australia and the Pacific islands.

Cyrtacanthacridinae
The Cyrtacanthacridinae are a subfamily of Orthoptera: Caelifera in the family Acrididae.  They are sometimes referred-to as bird locusts, criquets voyageurs in French-speaking Africa, and Knarrschrecken in German.

It includes species of locusts, short-horned grasshoppers that undergo phase polymorphism and are among the most important pests of sub-Saharan Africa; they include the desert locust and the red locust, with the related Bombay locust in Asia.

One of the characteristics of members of this subfamily is the prominent peg between the forelegs: hence the name for the Australian Spur-throated locust.
Line 12 (CPTM)
Line 12 (Sapphire) (Portuguese: Linha 12–Safira), formerly Line F (Purple), is one of the thirteen lines that make up the São Paulo Metro Rail Transport Network in Brazil and one of the five lines operated by CPTM.

Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
The Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM) (lit. 'São Paulo Metropolitan Trains Company') is one of the rapid transit companies serving the city of São Paulo, alongside the São Paulo Metro, ViaQuatro and ViaMobilidade, all four forming the largest metropolitan rail transport network of Latin America. It was created on 28 May 1992, from several railroads that already existed in Greater São Paulo, Brazil.

Part of the Greater São Paulo rail system, the CPTM currently operates 57 stations in five lines, with a total length of 199 kilometres (124 mi). The system carries about 2 million passengers a day. On 7 December 2018, CPTM set a weekday ridership record with 3,221,035 trips.
Russell River National Park
Russell River is a national park in North Queensland, Australia, 1352 km northwest of Brisbane. The park protects a coastal strip between the sea and the Russell River. It is part of the Coastal Wet Tropics Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for the conservation of lowland tropical rainforest birds.

Camping is allowed with a camping permit, but the park itself has no visitor facilities.

Coastal Wet Tropics Important Bird Area
The Coastal Wet Tropics Important Bird Area comprises a  disjunct 521 km2 stretch of coastal and subcoastal land in tropical Far North Queensland, Australia.  It extends from just south of Cairns in the north for about 150 km to Cardwell in the south.  It is important for the conservation of lowland rainforest birds, especially southern cassowaries.
Ozerne Air Base
Ozerne (ICAO: UKKO) is an air base of the Ukrainian Air Force located near Ozerne, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine.

The base is home to the 39th Tactical Aviation Brigade flying Sukhoi Su-27UB and Aero L-39C Albatross aircraft.

Ozerne (Ukrainian: Озерне, given in source material under the plethora of names: Zhytomyr Ozerna, Ozernyy, Ozernoye, Oziernoye, Ozernoe, Ozernoye, Ozyornoye, Ozyornaya, and in US intelligence as Zhitomir/Skomorokhi).

Tupolev Tu-22
The Tupolev Tu-22 (Air Standardization Coordinating Committee name: Blinder) was the first supersonic bomber to enter production in the Soviet Union. Manufactured by Tupolev, the Tu-22 entered service with Long-Range Aviation and Soviet Naval Aviation in the 1960s.

The aircraft was a disappointment, lacking both the speed and range that had been expected. It was also a difficult design to fly and maintain. It was produced in small numbers, especially compared to the Tupolev Tu-16 it was designed to replace. The aircraft was later adapted for other roles, notably as the Tu-22R reconnaissance aircraft and as a carrier for the long-range Kh-22 antiship missile.

Tu-22s were sold to other nations, including Libya and Iraq: Libyan Tu-22s were used against Tanzania and Chad, and Iraqi Tu-22s were used during the Iran–Iraq War.
Torit
Torit is a city in South Sudan that is the headquarters of Torit County in Eastern Equatoria State. The Equitoria Corps mutinied in Torit after independence rather than be removed to Khartoum and Arab control, starting the first civil war in Sudan. On August 18, 1955, the Torit mutiny began in Eastern Equatoria.

Juba
Juba is the capital and largest city of South Sudan. The city is situated on the White Nile and also serves as the capital of the Central Equatoria State. It is the most recently declared national capital and had a population of 525,953 in 2017. It has an area of 52 km2 (20 sq mi), with the metropolitan area covering 336 km2 (130 sq mi).

Juba was established in 1920–21 by the Church Missionary Society (CMS) in a small Bari village, also called Juba. The city was made the capital of Mongalla Province in the late 1920s. The growth of the town accelerated following the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, which made Juba the capital of the Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan. Juba became the capital of South Sudan in 2011 after its independence, but influential parties wanted Ramciel to be the capital. The government announced the move of the capital to Ramciel, but it has not yet occurred.
Martin's Haven
Martin's Haven is a small, north-facing cove in Pembrokeshire, Wales, UK, on the Dale Peninsula, with views across St Bride's Bay towards St David's. It is recorded by the Royal Commission as a historic place name.

St Brides Bay
St Brides Bay (Welsh: Bae Sain Ffraid) is a bay in western Pembrokeshire, West Wales.

Either Skomer Island or the mainland extremity of Wooltack Point at the western end of the Marloes Peninsula marks the southern limit of the bay whilst its northern limit is marked by Ramsey Island off St David's Head. The mouth of the bay is about 7 miles (11 km) wide and extends some 10 miles (16 km) eastwards from this line.
XML Events
In computer science and web development, XML Events is a W3C standard for handling events that occur in an XML document. These events are typically caused by users interacting with the web page using a device, such as a web browser on a personal computer or mobile phone.

XHTML
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated.

While HTML, prior to HTML5, was defined as an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a flexible markup language framework, XHTML is an application of XML, a more restrictive subset of SGML. XHTML documents are well-formed and may therefore be parsed using standard XML parsers, unlike HTML, which requires a lenient, HTML-specific parser.

XHTML 1.0 became a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on 26 January 2000. XHTML 1.1 became a W3C recommendation on 31 May 2001. XHTML is now referred to as "the XML syntax for HTML" and being developed as an XML adaptation of the HTML living standard.
John Augustus Wood
Colonel John Augustus Wood VC (10 June 1818 – 23 January 1878) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Rajputana Rifles
The Rajputana Rifles is the oldest rifle regiment of the Indian Army, having been founded in 1775. It traces its origins to the British Indian Army, when six previously existing regiments were amalgamated to form six battalions of the 6th Rajputana Rifles. The regiment won several gallantry awards during World War I and World War II. In 1945, the numeral designation was dropped from the title. The regiment was transferred to the newly independent Indian Army in 1947.

Since India's independence, the regiment has been involved in a number of conflicts against Pakistan, as well as contributing to the Custodian Force (India) in Korea under the aegis of the United Nations in 1953–54 and to the UN Mission to the Congo in 1962. As a rifle regiment, it uses a bugle horn as its insignia, the same as the British Light Division, but unlike its British counterparts, the Rajputana Rifles march at the same march pace used in the Indian Army as a whole.
Junkers Ju 287
The Junkers Ju 287 was a multi-engine tactical jet bomber built in Nazi Germany in 1944. It featured a novel forward-swept wing, and the first two prototypes (which were aerodynamic testbeds for the production Ju 287) were among the very few jet propelled aircraft ever built with fixed landing gear.

Junkers Jumo 004
The Junkers Jumo 004 was the world's first production turbojet engine in operational use, and the first successful axial compressor turbojet engine. Some 8,000 units were manufactured by Junkers in Germany late in World War II, powering the Messerschmitt Me 262 fighter and the Arado Ar 234 reconnaissance/bomber, along with prototypes, including the Horten Ho 229. Variants and copies of the engine were produced in Eastern Europe and the USSR for several years following the end of WWII.