hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mental health in the United Kingdom
Mental health in the United Kingdom involves state, private and community sector intervention in mental health issues. One of the first countries to build asylums, the United Kingdom was also one of the first countries to turn away from them as the primary mode of treatment for the mentally ill. The 1960s onwards saw a shift towards Care in the Community, which is a form of deinstitutionalisation. The majority of mental health care is now provided by the National Health Service (NHS), assisted by the private and the voluntary sectors.

Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS)  is the name for care provided by the NHS and other organisations in the United Kingdom for children, generally until school-leaving age, who have difficulties with their emotional well-being or are deemed to have persistent behavioural problems.  The service is also known as Children and Young People's Mental Health Services (CYPMHS). CAMHS offer children, young people and their families access to support for mental health issues from third sector (charity) organisations, school-based counselling, primary care as well as specialist mental health services. The exact services provided may vary, reflecting commissioning and providing arrangements agreed at local level.
William F. Friedman
William Frederick Friedman (September 24, 1891 – November 2, 1969) was a US Army cryptographer who ran the research division of the Army's Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) in the 1930s, and parts of its follow-on services into the 1950s. In 1940, subordinates of his led by Frank Rowlett broke Japan's PURPLE cipher, thus disclosing Japanese diplomatic secrets before America's entrance into World War II.

Hebern rotor machine
The Hebern Rotor Machine was an electro-mechanical encryption machine built by combining the mechanical parts of a standard typewriter with the electrical parts of an electric typewriter, connecting the two through a scrambler. It is the first example (though just barely) of a class of machines known as rotor machines that would become the primary form of encryption during World War II and for some time after, and which included such famous examples as the German Enigma.
Oregon's 1st House district
District 1 of the Oregon House of Representatives is one of 60 House legislative districts in the state of Oregon. As of 2021, the boundary for the district includes all of Curry County and portions of Coos and Douglas counties. The current representative for the district is Republican Court Boice of Gold Beach.

Coos County, Oregon
Coos County (/kuːs/ KOOSS) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,929. The county seat is Coquille. The county was formed from the western parts of Umpqua and Jackson counties. It is named after a tribe of Native Americans who live in the region. Coos County comprises the Coos Bay, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area.
St Peter's Church, Heversham
St Peter's Church is in the village of Heversham, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.

The parish was formerly much larger than now, and the church stands on one of the oldest Christian sites in the historic county of Westmorland. Its benefice is united with that of St Thomas, Milnthorpe.

Heversham
Heversham is a village and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area of Cumbria, England. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 647, increasing at the 2011 census to 699.

It is situated above the marshes of the Kent estuary which gives some fine views, notably from Heversham Head where there is a toposcope.

It has a variety of recreational facilities, including a fully functioning outdoor activities centre, tennis courts, bowling green and a playground.  There are also rugby, football and hockey fields, as well as a cricket ground and pavilion.
Haverhill, New Hampshire
Haverhill is a town and the seat of Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,585 at the 2020 census. Haverhill includes the villages of Woodsville, Pike, and North Haverhill, the historic town center at Haverhill Corner, and the district of Mountain Lakes. Located here are Bedell Bridge State Park, Black Mountain State Forest, Kinder Memorial Forest, and Oliverian Valley Wildlife Preserve. It is home to the annual North Haverhill Fair.

Pike, New Hampshire
Pike is a small unincorporated community within the town of Haverhill, New Hampshire,  United States. It is located in western Grafton County, approximately 3 miles (5 km) east of the village of Haverhill, on Oliverian Brook. The village was named after Alonzo Pike, who produced sharpening stones and tool and cutter grinders from a local deposit of Bethlehem gneiss.

New Hampshire Route 25 runs through the community, heading west to the nearby Connecticut River valley and east through Oliverian Notch to the southern foothills of the White Mountains.

Pike has a separate ZIP code (03780) from the rest of Haverhill.  The Pike telephone exchange covers the southern half of the town of Haverhill, including Haverhill village, and extends east to include the village of Glencliff in the town of Warren.
Transverse isotropy
A transversely isotropic (also known as polar anisotropic) material is one with physical properties that are symmetric about an axis that is normal to a plane of isotropy. This transverse plane has infinite planes of symmetry and thus, within this plane, the material properties are the same in all directions. In geophysics, vertically transverse isotropy (VTI) is also known as radial anisotropy.

This type of material exhibits hexagonal symmetry (though technically this ceases to be true for tensors of rank 6 and higher), so the number of independent constants in the (fourth-rank) elasticity tensor are reduced to 5 (from a total of 21 independent constants in the case of a fully anisotropic solid). The (second-rank) tensors of electrical resistivity, permeability, etc. have two independent constants.

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Kari Jalonen
Kari Jalonen (born January 6, 1960) is a Finnish professional ice hockey coach and former player. He was a former head coach of the Czech Republic men's national ice hockey team from 2022-2023. He is not related to Finnish ice hockey coach Jukka Jalonen.

Oulun Kärpät
Oulun Kärpät (Finnish for "Oulu Ermines", sometimes referred to as Kärpät Oulu) is a Finnish professional ice hockey team based in Oulu and playing in the top-tier Finnish Liiga. Kärpät have won the Finnish championship title eight times, and is the most successful Finnish ice hockey team in the 21st century.
Frenchburg, Kentucky
Frenchburg is a home rule-class city in Menifee County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 601 at the 2020 census, up from 486 in 2010. It is the seat and only incorporated city in its rural county. It is located at the junction of U.S. Route 460 and Kentucky Route 36. Logging is the primary industry.

Frenchburg is part of the Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Mount Sterling micropolitan area, Kentucky
The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in Kentucky, anchored by the city of Mount Sterling. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 40,195 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 44,046).

The Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area is part of the Lexington-Fayette–Richmond–Frankfort, KY combined statistical area.
Theodore I of Constantinople
Theodore I of Constantinople (Greek: Θεόδωρος; died 28 December 687) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 677 to 679. He had been preceded by Constantine I of Constantinople. During this cataclysmic period, the Byzantine military overcame the Arab incursion against its walls in the Arab siege of Constantinople (674-678). He was succeeded by Patriarch George I of Constantinople.

George I of Constantinople
George I of Constantinople (Greek: Γεώργιος; died January or February 686) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 679 to 686. He was succeeded, after a one-year bishopric and interlude of a reign by patriarch Theodore I of Constantinople.

George I is commemorated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as a saint, with his feast day being 18 August.
Azov Upland
The Azov Upland is a plateau located in the disputed Donetsk and Zaporizhia oblasts, internationally recognized as Ukrainian. It is part of the larger Ukrainian Crystalline Shield, also known as the Azov Crystalline Massif. It borders the Dnieper Lowland to the north, the Donets Ridge to the northeast, the Black Sea Lowland to the southwest, and the Azov Lowland to the south. The Azov Upland contains several mounds, known locally as mohyly, which are comparable to the Russian kurgan. The tallest of these mounds is Mount Belmak-Mohyla, with a height of 327 m (1,073 ft). The elevation of the Azov Upland varies between 200 to 250 m (660 to 820 ft).

The climate is similar to Donets Ridge. Soils are categorized as chernozem of poor or medium humus. Vegetation is a fescue-feather-grass steppe.

Black Sea Lowland
The Black Sea Lowland or Cisblack-sea Lowland (Ukrainian: Причорноморська низовина, romanized: Prychornomrska nyzovyna) is a major geographic feature of the Northern Pontic region and the East European Plain. It is almost completely within Southern Ukraine covering half of its territory.
John Lumley-Savile, 7th Earl of Scarbrough
John Lumley-Savile, 7th Earl of Scarbrough (15 Jun 1760 – 21 February 1835) was a British peer, styled Hon. John Lumley until 1807, and Lumley-Savile from 1807 until 1832.

A younger son of Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 4th Earl of Scarbrough, he was educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge, receiving an MA in 1782. In November 1785, he married Anna Maria Herring (d. 1850). He was made a prebendary of York in 1782, and became Rector of Thornhill in 1793. Later Rector of Wintringham, he adopted the additional surname of Savile in 1807, pursuant to the will of his uncle Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet, when his elder brother Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 6th Earl of Scarbrough inherited the earldom and the Savile estates passed to John.

He inherited the earldom from his brother in 1832. He was succeeded by his son John Lumley-Savile, 8th Earl of Scarbrough.

Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 4th Earl of Scarbrough
Richard Lumley-Saunderson, 4th Earl of Scarbrough PC (May 1725 – 12 May 1782) was a British peer, styled Viscount Lumley from 1740 to 1752.

He was the first born son of Thomas Lumley-Saunderson, 3rd Earl of Scarbrough, and his wife, Lady Frances Hamilton, the second daughter and coheiress of George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney.

He was appointed a deputy lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire on 4 August 1757. On 27 October 1759, he was appointed colonel of the North Lincolnshire battalion of militia, and was made a deputy lieutenant of Lincolnshire on 30 November 1761.

Scarbrough was Cofferer of the Household and deputy Earl Marshal from 1765 to 1766, and was sworn of the Privy Council in 1765.
Fredrik Ohlsson
Carl Fredrik Walter Ola Ohlsson (12 June 1931 – 18 November 2023) was a Swedish actor.

In 1956, Ohlsson won a scholarship to Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where he made his stage debut as Tesman with Siân Phillips as the title character in Hedda Gabler in 1957, opening at The Duke of York's Theatre in London 3 December 1957, later at Det Nye Teatret in Oslo and at The Vanbrugh, RADA. He had a long career in Swedish Television, Film and Theatre. For several years he was a member or of the ensemble at The Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm, Sweden.

Ohlsson died on 18 November 2023, at the age of 92.

He was in a relationship with singer Siw Malmkvist from 1971 until his death.

Siân Phillips
Dame Jane Elizabeth Ailwên Phillips (born 14 May 1933), known professionally as Siân Phillips (/ʃɑːn/ SHAHN), is a Welsh actress from Gwaun-Cae-Gurwen, South Wales. Her early career consisted primarily of stage roles, including the title roles in Ibsen's Hedda Gabler and George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan. In the 1960s, she started taking on more roles in television and film. She is particularly known for her performance as Livia in the 1976 BBC television series I, Claudius, for which she was awarded a BAFTA and a Royal Television Society award. She was nominated for a Tony Award and Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her performance as Marlene Dietrich in Marlene.
Cellular Jail
The Cellular Jail, also known as 'Kālā Pānī' (transl. 'Black Water'), was a British colonial prison in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The prison was used by the colonial government of India for the purpose of exiling insurgents and political prisoners. Many notable independence activists were imprisoned there during the struggle for India's independence. Today, the complex serves as a national memorial monument.

Originally built with seven wings, the building suffered extensive damage during the earthquake of 1941. Later, two wings were dismantled during the Second World War by the Japanese, who repurposed the bricks for constructing bunkers and other structures. After India gained independence, two more wings were demolished in the 1950s to make way for the nearby Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital. Today, only the watchtower and three wings (1, 6, and 7) remain.

Batukeshwar Dutt
Batukeshwar Dutta  (or Dutta; 18 November 1910 – 20 July 1965) was an Indian socialist and independence fighter in the early 1900s. He is best known for having exploded two bombs, along with Bhagat Singh, in the Central Legislative Assembly in New Delhi on 8 April 1929. After they were arrested, tried and imprisoned for life, he and Singh initiated a historic hunger strike protesting against the abusive treatment of Indian political prisoners, and eventually secured some rights for them. He was also a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
Horta (Barcelona Metro)
Horta (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈɔɾtə]) is a station in the Barcelona metro network, served by L5, located under carrer de Lisboa, in the Horta-Guinardó district of Barcelona. It was opened in 1967, when an extension of the line into the neighbourhood of the same name from Vilapicina was opened.

The partially curved island-platform station has a ticket hall at either end, one with two accesses, the other with one.

Horta was the terminus before the line was extended in July 2010 towards Vall d'Hebron, meeting L3.

Barcelona Metro line 5
Line 5, often known as "Línia Blava" (Blue line), is a rapid transit line of the Barcelona Metro network, operated by TMB and part of the ATM fare-integrated transport network.

Originally opened in 1959, Line 5 crosses the north of L'Hospitalet de Llobregat and Barcelona's Eixample district, with its termini serving the municipality of Cornellà and the district of Horta-Guinardó.
Electoral district of Kyneton Boroughs
Kyneton Boroughs was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria from 1856 to 1889. It included the towns of Kyneton, Malmsbury, Taradale, Carlsruhe and Woodend.
It was superseded in 1889 by the Electoral district of Kyneton.

The district of Kyneton Boroughs was one of the initial districts of the first Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1856.

Electoral district of Kyneton
Kyneton was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria centred on Kyneton from 1889 to 1904.

The Electoral district of Kyneton Boroughs (1856–1889) preceded the district of Kyneton. Charles Young was the last member for Kyneton Boroughs, representing the district from 1874 until its abolition in 1889. Kyneton was abolished in the 1904 redistribution when several new districts were created or re-created including the Electoral district of Dalhousie. Reginald Argyle, the last member for Kyneton, represented Dalhousie 1904–1914.
Tesfaye Gebre Kidan
Tesfaye Gebre Kidan Geletu (Amharic: ተስፋዬ ገብረ ኪዳን ገለቱ, romanized: Täsfaye Gäbrä Kidan Gälätu, c. 1935 – 4 June 2004) was an Ethiopian military officer and politician who was the interim president of Ethiopia for one week in late May 1991.

President of Ethiopia
The president of Ethiopia is the head of state of Ethiopia. The position is largely ceremonial with executive power vested in the Council of Ministers chaired by the prime minister. The current president is Taye Atske Selassie, who took office on 7 October 2024. Presidents are elected by the Federal Parliamentary Assembly for six years.
BBC Four
BBC Four is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It was launched on 2 March 2002 and shows a wide variety of programmes including arts, documentaries, music, international film and drama, and current affairs. It is required by its licence to air at least 100 hours of new arts and music programmes, 110 hours of new factual programmes, and to premiere twenty foreign films each year. The channel broadcasts daily from 7:00 pm to 4:00 am, timesharing with CBeebies (which starts at 6:00 am).

BBC Four World Cinema Awards
The BBC Four World Cinema Award is an annual prize given out to celebrate the best in world cinema. A shortlist of up to six films is made by the UK's leading critics, film-school heads and festival directors from the foreign language films released in that year in the UK. The winner is selected by a panel of judges whose decision making process is screened as part of the award ceremony, screened live on BBC Four, and since the beginning hosted by Jonathan Ross.
Citroën SM
The Citroën SM is a high-performance coupé produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1970 to 1975. The SM placed third in the 1971 European Car of the Year contest, trailing its stablemate Citroën GS, and won the 1972 Motor Trend Car of the Year award in the U.S.

Steering
Steering is the control of the direction of motion or the components that enable its control. Steering is achieved through various arrangements, among them ailerons for airplanes, rudders for boats, cylic tilting of rotors for helicopters, and many more.
P.O. Atsaleniou
P.O. Atsaleniou, short for Panathlitikos Omilos Atsaleniou (Greek: Παναθλητικός Όμιλος Ατσαλένιου, translated Pan-athletic Club of Atsalenio) and  also known simply as Atsalenios or POA, is a Greek association football club based in the suburb Atsalenio of Heraklion, the largest city on the island of Crete. The club's short name Atsalenios can literally be translated made of steel (Greek: ατσάλι, being the Greek word for steel). The club currently competes in the Gamma Ethniki, the third tier of the Greek football league system.

Heraklion Football Clubs Association
Heraklion Football Clubs Association (Greek: Ένωση Ποδοσφαιρικών Σωματείων Ηρακλείου) is a governing body responsible for administering association football in Heraklion Prefecture. It is based in the city of Heraklion and is a member of the Hellenic Football Federation. The association is responsible for organizing regional Championship and Cup competitions for both adult and youth teams playing in its divisions.

The association is currently one of the largest Football Clubs Associations in Greece, consisting of over 85 clubs. Its colors are blue and white and its crest features a Griffin, the official seal of the Municipality of Heraklion.
Legume
Legumes are plants in the pea family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants. When used as a dry grain for human consumption, the seeds are also called pulses. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, but also as livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure. Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit – a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides.

Most legumes have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobia, in structures called root nodules. Some of the fixed nitrogen becomes available to later crops, so legumes play a key role in crop rotation.

Vicia
Vicia is a genus of over 240 species of flowering plants that are part of the legume family (Fabaceae), and which are commonly known as vetches. Vicia species are native to Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas.
Alessandro Ballan
Alessandro Ballan (born 6 November 1979) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer who most recently rode for UCI World Tour team BMC Racing Team. He is best known for winning the World Road Race Championships, in 2008. Although he possessed a frame that was usually more associated with climbing, Ballan established himself as a leading spring classics contender. His nickname, Bontempino, is a diminutive reference to Guido Bontempi, to whom he bears a resemblance.

Tom Boonen
Tom Boonen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔm ˈboːnə(n)]; born 15 October 1980) is a Belgian former road bicycle racer, who competed as a professional between 2002 and 2017 for the U.S. Postal Service and Quick-Step Floors teams and a professional racing driver who currently competes in Belcar, having previously competed in the NASCAR Whelen Euro Series. Boonen won the 2005 UCI World Road Race Championships, and was a single-day road specialist with a strong finishing sprint. He won the cycling monuments Paris–Roubaix four times and the Tour of Flanders three times, among many other prestigious victories, such as prevailing five times in the E3 Harelbeke, winning six stages of the Tour de France and winning the Overall title of the Tour of Qatar four times.
Changlun
Changlun also known as Changlon or previously Changloon is a small town in Kubang Pasu District, Kedah, Malaysia. The word changlun originates from Thai, chang lon (Thai: ช้างหล่น), which means "fallen elephant".

Located less than 10 km south of the Thai border, Changlun is home to Universiti Utara Malaysia, located in the Sintok suburb in the eastern part of the town. The PLUS Expressway passes through Changlun town, interchanging with the Changlun-Kuala Perlis Highway (national highway 194), an alternative route to the state of Perlis.

Universiti Utara Malaysia
Universiti Utara Malaysia (literally meaning Northern University of Malaysia, abbreviated as UUM or UNIUTAMA) is a public management university in Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia. It also has a branch campus in Kuala Lumpur. Its main campus, which is situated in a rural area, is commonly referred to as "The University in a Green Forest".

Established on 16 February 1984 through Universiti Utara Malaysia Order, UUM was ranked 481 in the QS World University Rankings 2023. UUM also ranked 99 in Times Higher Education (THE) 2023 rankings, reaching top 100, thus placing third place nationwide.