hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Type 041 submarine
The Type 041 (NATO reporting name: Zhou class) is a class of attack submarines under development by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force (PLANSF).

The class is expected to succeed the Type 039A/B/C and would break convention as the first nuclear submarines to be built by Wuchang Shipbuilding along the Yangtze in the central China city of Wuhan, if claims of it being Nuclear powered are correct. The class would also be the first hybrid conventional/nuclear Chinese design, and the first to feature a distinctive X-shaped stern configuration. Naval analysts describe it as a considerable advancement in Chinese sonar sensor technology and stealth acoustic signature reductions.

People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force
The People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force (PLANSF) is the submarine service of the People's Liberation Army Navy. It consists of all types of submarines in operational service organized into three fleets: the North Sea Fleet, the East Sea Fleet, and the South Sea Fleet. Submarines have long been one of the three focuses of the People's Liberation Army Navy (the other two are aircraft and major surface combatants), and when the decision was made in late 2006 to concentrate on building other principal surface combatants to strengthen the air defense and to further delay the construction of aircraft carriers due to insufficient air cover, submarines will continue to play the lead dominant role in the assault force for the PLAN. Currently, PLANSF operates a fleet of 66 submarines which include nuclear as well as conventional submarines.

Its surface branch counterpart is the People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force.
İbrahim Kafesoğlu
İbrahim Kafesoğlu (1914–1984) was a Turkish historian and academic who is known for his role in the development of the Turkish–Islamic nationalism. He was a faculty member of Istanbul University and Atatürk University. He cofounded the conservative think thank Intellectuals' Hearth and was its president from 1970 and 1974.

Turkish–Islamic nationalism
Turkish–Islamic nationalism (Turkish: Türk-İslam milliyetçiliği) or Turkish–Islamic synthesis (Turkish: Türk-İslam sentezi) is a type of Turkish nationalism which has a conservative religious leaning instead of secular.
My Magazine
My Magazine was a British magazine for children published from 1908 to 1933 with different names. It was published by Amalgamated Press, and had articles on science, technology, geography, and current events.

Amalgamated Press
The Amalgamated Press (AP) was a British newspaper and magazine publishing company founded by journalist and entrepreneur Alfred Harmsworth (1865–1922) in 1901, gathering his many publishing ventures together under one banner. At one point the largest publishing company in the world, AP employed writers such as Arthur Mee, John Alexander Hammerton, Edwy Searles Brooks, and Charles Hamilton. Its subsidiary, the Educational Book Company, published The Harmsworth Self-Educator, The Children's Encyclopædia, and Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia. The company's newspapers included the Daily Mail, the Daily Mirror, The Evening News, The Observer, and The Times. At its height, AP published over 70 magazines and operated three large printing works and paper mills in South London.
Miner Wars 2081
Miner Wars 2081 is a six degrees of freedom action-survival space-shooter simulation game produced by Keen Software House. The gameplay offers a choice of single player, co-op, and deathmatch multi-player. The game is set in the year 2081, 11 years after the destruction of all planetary objects in the Solar System. The story introduces the player to many types of missions: rescue, exploration, revenge, base defense, theft, transportation, stealth, search and destroy, pure harvesting or racing. A multiplayer spin-off game, Miner Wars Arena, was also released in 2012.

Six degrees of freedom
Six degrees of freedom (6DOF), or sometimes six degrees of movement, refers to the six mechanical degrees of freedom of movement of a rigid body in three-dimensional space. Specifically, the body is free to change position as forward/backward (surge), up/down (heave), left/right (sway) translation in three perpendicular axes, combined with changes in orientation through rotation about three perpendicular axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (transverse axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).

Three degrees of freedom (3DOF), a term often used in the context of virtual reality, typically refers to tracking of rotational motion only: pitch, yaw, and roll.
Nacional championship
The Campeonato Nacional was one of the two football tournaments that formed the Primera División season (along with the Metropolitano championship) since 1967. The Nacional championship was played annually until its last edition in 1985.

The Nacional took place in the second half of the year while the Metropolitano took place in the first half of the year. Nacional winners, and often the runners-up, qualified for the following year Copa Libertadores.

1985 Argentine Primera División
The 1985 Argentine Primera División was the 94th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on February 17 and ended on September 4.

This tournament featured the last edition of the Nacional championship. The structure of the tournament made it the most complicated championship in the history of Primera División. The eventual champions were Argentinos Juniors who beat Vélez Sársfield in a 2nd final.
Aubrey Pankey
Aubrey W. Pankey (June 17, 1905 – May 8, 1971) was an American-born baritone and noted Lieder singer in 1930s Germany. In 1956 he permanently emigrated to East Germany under the growing shadow of McCarthyism together with his companion Fania Fénelon. He was the first American to sing in the People's Republic of China in 1956.

Fania Fénelon
Fania Fénelon (née Fanja Goldstein; 2 September 1908 – 19 December 1983) was a French pianist, composer and cabaret singer whose 1976 memoir, Sursis pour l'orchestre, about survival in the Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz during the Holocaust was adapted as the 1980 television film, Playing for Time.
Yoshinobu Nishizaki
Yoshinobu Nishizaki (西崎 義展, Nishizaki Yoshinobu; 18 December 1934 – 7 November 2010) was a Japanese film producer best known as one of the two co-creators of the anime series Space Battleship Yamato. He was sometimes credited as Yoshinori Nishizaki.  He was born in 1934 and graduated from the Nihon University Art Department. He also founded the studio Academy Productions which produced Space Battleship Yamato as well as the 1980 anime series; Space Emperor God Sigma for Toei Company.

Space Emperor God Sigma
Space Emperor God Sigma (宇宙大帝ゴッドシグマ, Uchū Taitei Goddo Shiguma) is a mecha anime television series aired from 1980 to 1981. It ran for 50 episodes. It is also referred to as "God Sigma, Empire of Space" and "Space Combination God Sigma".
Tiger anemone
The tiger anemone (Macrodactyla fautinae) is a species of sea anemone native to marine habitats near Singapore. Previously sighted before it was first described as a new species in 2023, M. fautinae has also been commonly referred to as the purple-lip sand anemone by local residents. The species is named in honor of Daphne Gail Fautin, who was an American zoologist and professor at the University of Kansas.

Daphne Gail Fautin
Daphne Gail Fautin (25 May 1946 – 12 March 2021) was an American professor of invertebrate zoology at the University of Kansas, specializing in sea anemones and symbiosis. She is world-renowned for her extensive work studying and classifying sea anemones and related species.
Osteotome
An osteotome is an instrument used for cutting or preparing bone. Osteotomes are similar to a chisel but bevelled on both sides. They are used today in plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery and dental implantation.

The chain osteotome, originally referred to simply as the osteotome, was invented by the German physician Bernhard Heine in 1830.  This device is essentially a small chainsaw.

Bernhard Heine
Bernhard Heine (20 August 1800, Schramberg (Black Forest) – 31 July 1846, Glockenthal near Thun (Switzerland)) was a German physician, bone specialist and the inventor of the osteotome, a medical tool for cutting bones.
Chitipa Central (Malawi Parliament constituency)
Chitipa Central is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Chitipa District of Malawi's Northern Region. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system. The constituency was represented by Democratic Progressive Party MP Clement Fukumele Mukumbwa. He became a deputy minister in 2017.

Chitipa District
Chitipa District is the northernmost district in the Northern Region of Malawi. The capital is Chitipa (formerly known as Fort Hill). The district covers an area of 4,288 km2, and has a population of 234,927.  The major and common language spoken by majority in the district is Chitumbuka. Chitipa borders Karonga District, and neighboring countries Tanzania and Zambia.

The district is divided into five main areas known as Misuku to the east, Kameme to the north, Bulambia right at the centre while Wenya and Nthalire areas are situated to the south.
Karl Augustesen
Karl A. Augustesen (19 May 1945 – 29 September 2025) was a Danish astronomer and co-discoverer of minor planets.

Working at Brorfelde Observatory, he is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of six numbered asteroids during 1984–1987.

The Vestian main-belt asteroid 5171 Augustesen, discovered by astronomer and colleague Poul Jensen at Brorfelde Observatory in 1988, was named in his honor.

Augustesen died on 29 September 2025, at the age of 80.

Brorfelde Observatory
Brorfelde Observatory (Danish: Brorfelde Observatoriet; observatory code 054) is an astronomical observatory located in Brorfelde near Holbæk, Denmark. It is home to the Brorfelde Schmidt Telescope and was run as a branch of the Copenhagen University Observatory until 1996. It still has telescopes that are used by University of Copenhagen students, but the operating staff moved to the Rockefeller Complex in Copenhagen.

Brorfelde Observatory and Brorfelde was a part of a Danish advent calendar running in 2012, and 2019 on DR1 - a Danish national TV channel.
Niels Erik Nørlund
Niels Erik Nørlund ForMemRS (26 October 1885, in Slagelse – 4 July 1981, in Copenhagen) was a Danish mathematician.

His book Vorlesungen über Differenzenrechnung (1924, reprinted 1954) was the first book on complex function solutions of difference equations. His doctoral students include Georg Rasch.

The Norlund Alps and Norlund Land in Greenland were named after him.

He was also the brother of Margrethe Nørlund Bohr and brother-in-law of Nobel Prize winning physicist Niels Bohr.

Queen Margrethe II Land
Queen Margrethe II Land (Greenlandic: Dronning Margrethe II Nuna; Danish: Dronning Margrethe II Land) is a peninsula in the northern limit of King Christian X Land, northeastern Greenland. Administratively it belongs to the NE Greenland National Park area.
Agnetapark
Agnetapark was an area of workers' housing in Delft, South Holland, the Netherlands. It was one of the highest quality workers' housing areas built before the Housing Act of 1902 was imposed. It was 'transformed' from a marshy 4 hectares (9.9 acres) area of land to a 'paradise' of industry. It is named after Agneta Matthes as she helped transform it.

Delft
Delft (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛl(ə)ft] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. It is located between Rotterdam, to the southeast, and The Hague, to the northwest. Together with them, it is a part of both the Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area and the Randstad.

Delft is a popular tourist destination in the Netherlands, famous for its historical connections with the reigning House of Orange-Nassau, for its blue pottery, for being home to the painter Jan Vermeer, and for hosting Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Historically, Delft played a highly influential role in the Dutch Golden Age. In terms of science and technology, thanks to the pioneering contributions of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Martinus Beijerinck, Delft can be considered to be the birthplace of microbiology.
Othmar Schneider
Othmar Schneider (27 August 1928 – 25 December 2012) was an Austrian Alpine skier and Olympic champion.

Schneider was born in Lech am Arlberg.  At the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo, he was the gold medalist in the slalom and the silver medalist in the downhill.

Lech (Vorarlberg)
Lech am Arlberg (Alemannic: Lääch) is a mountain village and an exclusive ski resort in the Bludenz district in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg, on the banks of the river Lech.

In terms of both geography and history, Lech belongs to the Tannberg district. In touristic terms, however, it is part of the Arlberg region. Lech is administered together with the neighbouring villages of Zürs, Zug, Oberlech and Stubenbach. The municipality is an internationally known winter sports resort on the Arlberg mountain range and caters to wealthier clientele, particularly to the international jet set and foreign royalty. The Dutch royal family and Russian oligarchs regularly ski there. Lech am Arlberg is one of the 12 members of the elite group "Best of the Alps".
Dreamlike (EP)
Dreamlike is the fourth extended play by South Korean boy group the Boyz. It was released on August 19, 2019, through Cre.ker Entertainment. The EP consists of six tracks. It is also served as the group's final release to feature the member Hwall before his departure from the group in October 2019.

The Boyz (South Korean band)
The Boyz (Korean: 더보이즈) is a South Korean boy band formed by IST Entertainment (initially formed exclusively by Cre.ker Entertainment before merging with what was formerly known as Play M Entertainment) and managed by One Hundred. The group debuted on December 6, 2017, with the lead single "Boy" from the extended play (EP) The First. The group consists of ten members: Sangyeon, Jacob, Younghoon, Hyunjae, Juyeon, Kevin, New, Q, Sunwoo, and Eric. Originally a twelve members group, Hwall departed in October 2019, and Ju Haknyeon departed in June 2025.
Just Before Nightfall
Just Before Nightfall (French: Juste avant la nuit) is a 1971 French crime drama film written and directed by Claude Chabrol and starring Stéphane Audran and Michel Bouquet. Based on the 1951 novel The Thin Line by Edward Atiyah, it follows a married businessman who, after killing his mistress, tries to ease his conscience by confessing to his wife and the victim's husband.

Stéphane Audran
Stéphane Audran (born Colette Suzanne Jeannine Dacheville; 8 November 1932 – 27 March 2018) was a French film actress. She was known for her performances in the films of her husband Claude Chabrol, including Les Biches (1968) and Le Boucher (1970), Luis Buñuel's The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972), and Gabriel Axel's Babette's Feast (1987). The role she was mostly associated with was that of the haughty bourgeois woman.
Chancellor chess
Chancellor chess is a chess variant invented by Benjamin R. Foster in 1887. It features all the regular chess pieces plus one  chancellor and extra pawn per side, on a 9×9 board.

John Gollon, in Chess Variations: Ancient, Regional, and Modern, expressed his belief that a variant like Foster's "will be the next step to the evolution of chess", because the addition of a single piece, the chancellor, a combination of rook and knight, "preserves a symmetry of power" on the chessboard with the queen, a combination of rook and bishop.

Empress (chess)
The empress is a fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight. It cannot jump over other pieces when moving as a rook but may do so when moving as a knight. The piece has acquired many names and is frequently called a chancellor, marshal, or a knook.

Chess moves in this article use C as notation for the empress.
Gram of Denmark
Gram was one of the earliest legendary Danish kings according to Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum. His history is given in more detail than those of his predecessors. Georges Dumézil argued that Gram was partially modelled on the god Thor, in particular his defeat of Hrungnir and subsequent encounter with Gróa.

The Old Norse word gramr means "king" and is probably the source of Gram's name, possibly through a misunderstanding of Saxo's. No other ancient source mentions a king named Gram.

Gesta Danorum
Gesta Danorum ("Deeds of the Danes") is a patriotic work of Danish history, by the 12th-century author Saxo Grammaticus ("Saxo the Literate", literally "the Grammarian"). It is the most ambitious literary undertaking of medieval Denmark and is an essential source for the nation's early history. It is also one of the oldest known written documents about the history of Estonia and Latvia.

Consisting of sixteen books written in Latin on the invitation of Archbishop Absalon, Gesta Danorum describes Danish history and to some degree Scandinavian history in general, from prehistory to the late 12th century. In addition, Gesta Danorum offers singular reflections on European affairs in the High Middle Ages from a unique Scandinavian perspective, supplementing what has been handed down by historians from Western and Southern Europe.
Donnie Berthiaume
Donald R. Berthiaume Jr. is a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, sworn in January 2015. A resident of Spencer, Massachusetts, he was elected as a Republican to represent the 5th Worcester district. Berthiaume is a former Spencer selectman.

Spencer, Massachusetts
Spencer is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 11,992 at the 2020 census.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Spencer, please see the article Spencer (CDP), Massachusetts.
Salem Speedway
Salem Speedway is a 0.555 mi (0.893 km) long paved oval racetrack in Washington Township, Washington County, near Salem, Indiana, United States, approximately 100 miles (160 km) south of Indianapolis. The track has 33° degrees of banking in the corners. Major auto racing series that run at Salem are ARCA and USAC.

Rich Vogler
Richard Frank Vogler (July 26, 1950 – July 21, 1990) was an American champion sprint car and midget car driver. He was nicknamed "Rapid Rich". He competed in the Indianapolis 500 five times, and his best finish was eighth in 1989.
Casebook of the Black Widowers
Casebook of the Black Widowers is a collection of mystery short stories by American author Isaac Asimov, featuring his fictional club of mystery solvers, the Black Widowers. It was first published in hardcover by Doubleday in January 1980 and in paperback by the Fawcett Crest imprint of Ballantine Books in March 1981.

This book is the third of six in the Black Widowers series, based on a literary dining club he belonged to known as the Trap Door Spiders. It collects twelve stories by Asimov, nine reprinted from mystery magazines and three previously unpublished, together with a general introduction and an afterword by the author following each story. Each story involves the club members' knowledge of trivia.

Black Widowers
The Black Widowers is a fictional men-only dining club created by Isaac Asimov for a series of sixty-six mystery stories that he started writing in 1971. Most of the stories were first published in Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, though a few first appeared in Fantasy & Science Fiction, Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, and the various book collections into which the stories were eventually gathered.

Asimov wrote "there are few stories I write that I enjoy as much as I enjoy my Black Widowers."
Hwaseong Fortress
Hwaseong Fortress or Suwon Hwaseong (Korean: 수원 화성) is a Korean fortress surrounding the centre of Suwon, the provincial capital of Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It was built from 1794 to 1796 by King Jeongjo of the Joseon dynasty to house and honour the remains of his father, Prince Sado. Sado had been executed by being locked alive inside a rice chest by his own father King Yeongjo after failing to obey a command to commit suicide. Located 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Seoul and enclosing much of central Suwon, the fortress includes King Jeongjo's palace Haenggung. The fortress and enclosed palace were designated as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1997. It comprises among many other features the palace, a perimeter wall, four main gates, and two sluicegates over the Suwoncheon, Suwon's main stream, which flows through the centre of the fortress.

Gyeonggi Province
Gyeonggi Province (Korean: 경기도; RR: Gyeonggi-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea, and a third of the population of the Korean peninsula at the 2020 census.
Kolyuchin Island
Kolyuchin Island or Koliuchin Island (Russian: Остров Колючин, Chukot: Кувлючьин, romanized: Kuvlyuch'in) is a small island in the Chukchi Sea. It is not far from the coast, being only 11 km (6.8 mi) from the northern shore of the Chukotka Peninsula. Its latitude is 67° 28' N and its longitude 174° 37' W.

This island is 4.5 km (2.8 mi) in length and its maximum width is 1.5 km (0.93 mi). It is covered with tundra vegetation. There was a small Chukchi settlement on the southern end of the island called Kolyuchino but as of 1987, there was no village and very rare traces of former human presence such as separate logs and coals.

On the nearby shore there is the settlement of Nutepel'men, located north of the Rypatynonel'gyn Lagoon and south of the Pyngopil'gyn Lagoon. Kolyuchinskaya Bay, further south, is named after Kolyuchin Island. Administratively this island and its surrounding area belongs to the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug of the Russian Federation.

Nutepelmen
Nutepelmen (Russian: Нутэпэльмен; Chukchi: Нутэпылмын, Nutèpylmyn), is a village (selo) on the northern shores of Iultinsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. The village is a traditional Chukchi and Yupik settlement in an area that has been inhabited for centuries. Whilst the village still exists, in 2010, a law was passed abolishing the municipal rural settlement of Nutepelmen, meaning that administration responsibilities passed to the central district administration.
Shaniqua Okwok
Shaniqua Okwok is a British actress. She is best known for her roles as Maia in Paramount+ series The Flatshare (2022) and Dominique in the Sky Max series Wolfe (2021).

Okwok has also made appearances as Solly Babatunde in It's a Sin (2021), Patty in Small Axe, Lotta Nagel in Van der Valk, and Leah in War of the Worlds.

The Flatshare (TV series)
The Flatshare is a British comedy drama television series based on Beth O'Leary's 2019 novel of the same name. The series was developed by 42 in association with VIS for Paramount+. It premiered on 1 December 2022.