hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1920 MAFA season
The 1920 MAFA season was the 25th season of the Metropolitan Amateur Football Association (MAFA), an Australian rules football competition played in the state of Victoria. The season began on 15 May and concluded sometime in September, comprising a 13-match home-and-away season, followed by a one-week finals series.

Elsternwick won the MAFA premiership for the first time, while Collegians finished as runners-up.

This was the first MAFA season to be held following World War I, which had forced the curtailing of the 1915 season and the cancellation of the 1916, 1917, 1918 and 1919 seasons.

Elsternwick Amateur Football Club
The Elsternwick Amateur Football Club, nicknamed the Wickers, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Brighton. It is the oldest district club in the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA) and has played in all seven senior divisions since joining the competition in 1914.

As of 2025, the club's men's team competes in Division 1 of the VAFA, while the women's team is in Division 4 of the VAFA Women's (VAFAW).
Yonghuang
Yonghuang (Manchu: ᠶᠣᠩᡥᡠᠸᠠᠩ Yong huwang; 5 July 1728 – 21 April 1750) was an imperial prince of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in China. Born in the Aisin Gioro clan, he was the eldest son of the Qianlong Emperor. His mother was Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin.

Prince Ding
Prince Ding of the First Rank, or simply Prince Ding, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Ding peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.

The first bearer of the title was Yonghuang (1728–1750), the Qianlong Emperor's eldest son, who received the title posthumously in 1750. The title was passed down over seven generations and held by eight persons.
Schleiz
Schleiz (German pronunciation: [ˈʃlaɪts] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Saale-Orla-Kreis in Thuringia, Germany. The former municipality Crispendorf was merged into Schleiz in January 2019, and Burgk in December 2019.

Principality of Reuss-Gera
The Principality of Reuss-Gera (German: Fürstentum Reuß-Gera), officially called the Principality of Reuss Junior Line (German: Fürstentum Reuß jüngerer Linie) after 1848, was a sovereign state in modern Germany, ruled by members of the House of Reuss. It was one of the successor states of the Imperial County of Reuss. The Counts Reuss, with their respective capitals and Residenzen at Gera,  Schleiz, Lobenstein, Köstritz and Ebersdorf, were all elevated to the title of prince (Fürst) in 1806. Their successor branch heads shared that title, while their cadets were also each titled prince (Prinz).  Thus all males of the family were properly "Prince Heinrich (Roman numeral) Reuss, J.L.", without use of a nobiliary particle, although for convenience their branch names remained in colloquial use (for example, "Prince Heinrich I Reuss of Köstritz").
Historic Cold Spring Village
Historic Cold Spring Village is a non-profit living history museum in the Cold Spring section of Lower Township in Cape May County, New Jersey. The village was listed as the Historic Cold Spring Village Historic District on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places on September 27, 2016.

The Village consists of 27 historic buildings relocated from around Cape May County, several of which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. There are two entrances, one at 735 Seashore Road and the other at 720 US Route 9. The Cold Spring Grange Hall, listed in 1998, located at the Seashore Road entrance, serves as the Cold Spring Grange Restaurant. Cold Spring Village is home to Cold Spring Brewery, the only non-profit craft brewery in New Jersey.

In 1983 the one-room former Cape May Point jail was moved to the village.

Lower Township, New Jersey
Lower Township is a township in Cape May County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township, and all of Cape May County, is part of the Ocean City metropolitan statistical area, and is part of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area, also known as the Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 22,057, a decrease of 809 (−3.5%) from the 2010 census count of 22,866, which in turn reflected a decrease of 79 (−0.3%) from the 22,945 counted in the 2000 census.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Lower Township as its 34th best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey. The township is part of the state's South Jersey region and the larger Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Tōyo, Ehime
Tōyo (東予市, Tōyo-shi) was a city located in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The Toyo-town was founded on January 1, 1971. The city of Toyo formed October 1, 1972.

As of 2003, the city had an estimated population of 32,652 and the density of 441.90 persons per km2. The total area was 73.89 km2.

On November 1, 2004, Tōyo, along with the towns of Komatsu and Tanbara (both from Shūsō District), was merged into the expanded city of Saijō and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Saijō, Ehime
Saijō (西条市, Saijō-shi) is a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2022, the city had an estimated population of 106,016 in 58,803 households and a population density of 210 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 509.98 square kilometres (196.90 sq mi).
Iinan, Mie
Iinan (飯南町, Iinan-chō) was a town located in Iinan District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,965 and a density of 78.15 persons per km2. The total area was 76.33 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Iinan, along the towns of Mikumo and Ureshino (both from Ichishi District), and the town of Iitaka (also from Iinan District), was merged into the expanded city of Matsusaka and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Iitaka, Mie
Iitaka (飯高町, Iitaka-chō) was a town located in Iinan District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,270 and a density of 21.87 persons per km2. The total area was 240.94 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Matsu, along the towns of Mikumo and Ureshino (both from Ichishi District), and the town of Iinan (also from Iinan District), was merged into the expanded city of Matsusaka and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Okukahada Gorge is a ravine along the upper reaches of the Kushida River, in Iitaka.
DeAngelo Williams
DeAngelo Chondon Williams (born April 25, 1983) is an American professional wrestler and former football running back who played in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Memphis Tigers, earning first-team All-American honors in 2005. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the first round of the 2006 NFL draft. He starred in a dual role in Carolina alongside Jonathan Stewart, until Williams' release in the 2014 offseason. He then played for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 2015 to 2016.

University of Memphis
The University of Memphis (Memphis) is a public research university in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, the university has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students.

The university maintains the Herff College of Engineering, the Center for Earthquake Research and Information (CERI), the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law, the School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, the former Lambuth University campus in Jackson, Tennessee (now a branch campus of the University of Memphis), the Loewenberg College of Nursing, the School of Public Health, the College of Communication and Fine Arts, the FedEx Institute of Technology, the Advanced Distributed Learning Workforce Co-Lab, and the Institute of Egyptian Art and Archaeology. The University of Memphis is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High research activity".
Ürümqi County
Ürümqi County (Uyghur: ئۈرۈمچى ناھىيىسى) is a county of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang. It contains an area of 4,601 km2 (1,776 sq mi) and according to the 2002 census has a population of 80,000.

According to Xingjiang geographic graduate school of Chinese Section College, the geographical midpoint of Asia is located within the county. Urumqi Glacier No.1, the glacier closest to an urban area in the world is also in the county.

Ürümqi
Ürümqi is the capital and largest city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, and the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center.
Diocese of Charleston
The Diocese of Charleston (Latin: Dioecesis Carolopolitana) is a diocese of the Catholic Church for the state of South Carolina in the United States; its territory includes the entire state of South Carolina. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Atlanta. The bishop is Jacques Fabre-Jeune.

Paul John Hallinan
Paul John Hallinan (April 8, 1911 – March 27, 1968) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of Charleston in South Carolina (1958 – 1962) and as archbishop of Atlanta in Georgia (1962 – 1968). Hallinan was known as a champion of racial equality and liturgical reform.
Rauk
A rauk is a column-like landform in Sweden, often equivalent to a stack. Rauks often occur in groups called raukfält 'rauk fields'. The limestone rauks of Gotland in the Baltic Sea are among the best known examples.

Baltic Klint
The Baltic Klint (Clint, Glint; Estonian: Balti klint, Swedish: Baltiska klinten, Russian: Балтийско-Ладожский уступ, Глинт) is an erosional limestone escarpment and cuesta on several islands of the Baltic Sea, in Estonia, in Leningrad Oblast of Russia and in the islands of Gotland and Öland of Sweden. It was featured on the reverse of the 50 krooni note of 1928 and on the 100 krooni note of 1992.

The Baltic Klint is active landform showing some retreat in the present. However it is not known to which degree the Baltic Klint originated in postglacial time or if it evolved from cliff-like forms sculpted by the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. In Gotland 20th century cliff retreat rates have been estimated at 0.15 to 0.78 cm/year. Retreat of the Baltic Klint in Gotland has widened shore platforms.
Cliveden (Benjamin Chew House)
Cliveden (/ˈklɪvdən/ KLIV-dən), also known as the Benjamin Chew House or Chew House, is a historic mansion at 6401 Germantown Avenue in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the scene of some of the bloodiest fighting of the Battle of Germantown, fought in 1777 during the American Revolutionary War.

Germantown, Philadelphia
Germantown (German: Deutschstadt [ˈdɔʏtʃˌʃtat]) is an area in Northwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded by Palatine, Quaker, and Mennonite families in 1683 as an independent borough, it was absorbed into Philadelphia in 1854. The area, which is about six miles northwest from the city center, now consists of two neighborhoods: Germantown and East Germantown.

Germantown has played a significant role in American history; it was the birthplace of the American antislavery movement, the site of a Revolutionary War battle, the temporary residence of George Washington, the location of the first bank of the United States, and the residence of many notable politicians, scholars, artists, and social activists.

Today, the area remains rich in historic sites and buildings from the colonial era, some of which are open to the public.
La Charbonnière
La Charbonnière (French pronunciation: [la ʃaʁbɔnjɛʁ]; Sranan Tongo: Sabonye) is a neighbourhood of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, French Guiana. The neighbourhood is mainly populated by Maroons. La Charbonnière was created in 1989 to house Surinamese refugees, and to resettle the inhabitants of the shanty towns. It is located between the ferry to Albina and the village of Balaté.

Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni
Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ loʁɑ̃ dy maʁɔni], lit. 'Saint-Laurent of the Maroni'; French Guianese Creole: Sen-Laurent-di-Maronni) is a commune of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni is one of the three sub-prefectures of French Guiana and the seat of the Arrondissement of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni. It is the second most populous city of French Guiana, with 54,429 inhabitants at the January 2023 census.

Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni was the site of a penal colony from 1858 to 1946. In 2025 France announced a plan to open a new high-security prison there.
Chiswell Walled Garden
Chiswell Walled Garden is a community walled garden, located on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. It is found in the village of Chiswell, close to Chesil Beach, within the remaining ruins of an old stone cottage. The garden was created between 2001-06 by the Chiswell Community Trust, with funding from Countryside Agency under their Doorstep Green Initiative. It is maintained by volunteer members of the trust and is open to the public.

Chiswell
Chiswell /ˈtʃɪzəl/, sometimes /ˈtʃɪzwɛl/, is a small village at the southern end of Chesil Beach, in Underhill, on the Isle of Portland in Dorset. It is the oldest settlement on the island, having formerly been known as Chesilton. The small bay at Chiswell is called Chesil Cove, and the beach promenade and sea wall which form Chiswell's coastal defences are a prominent feature.

The village occupies much of the flat land close to sea level adjacent to the beach, and is distinguished from the adjoining village of Fortuneswell which occupies the steeper hills and streets above. At the northern entrance to the village is the 19th-century development of Victoria Square, which forms a roundabout on the main A354 road onto the island.

As with the other villages and settlements on Portland, Chiswell was designated as a conservation area as part of Underhill in 1976, as it is a place of special architectural and historic interest.
Jacob van den Eynde, Governor of Woerden
Jhr. Jacob van den Eynde (early 16th century – 1629) was a Dutch governor of Woerden. He was the son of Grand Pensionary Jacob van den Eynde, and father of the Zeelandic poet Jacob van den Eynde, better known as Jacobus Eyndius.

Jacobus Eyndius
The Honourable Jacob van den Eynde III (1575 – 11 September 1614) also known as Jacques van den Eynde, and better known as Jacobus Eyndius, was a Dutch poet, scientist, historian, and captain. His best known work is the Chronici Zelandiae. His motto was Marte prudens pace clemens.
June 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
June 9 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 11

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 23 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For June 10th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 28.

June 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
June 10 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - June 12

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 24 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For June 11th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 29.
Tenchu: Wrath of Heaven
Tenchu: Wrath of Heaven (published in Japan as "Tenchu 3") is an action-adventure stealth video game developed by K2 and published by Activision for the PlayStation 2 in 2003. FromSoftware published the game in Japan as Tenchu 3. It was later ported to the Xbox in 2004 under the title Tenchu: Return from Darkness and to the PlayStation Portable in 2009 by FromSoftware under the title Tenchu 3 Portable. A mobile version featuring 2D side-scrolling action gameplay was developed by TKO Software and released in 2005.

Tenchu
Tenchu is a stealth action-adventure video game series owned by Japanese game publisher FromSoftware, where the player assumes the role of a ninja in 16th-century feudal Japan. The first game in the series titled Tenchu: Stealth Assassins was developed by Japanese developer Acquire and published in 1998. Later games have also been developed by K2 and FromSoftware. The current rightsholder to the series is FromSoftware who bought the rights from Activision in 2004.

The title in Japanese literally translates in English as "Divine Retribution", with 天 (ten) meaning heaven and 誅 (chū) meaning death penalty (another translation of this phrase, Wrath of Heaven, is the title of the first PlayStation 2 entry in the series).
1955–56 Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball team
The 1955–56 Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball team represented the University of Iowa in intercollegiate basketball during the 1955–56 season. After opening the season 3–5, the team won 17 consecutive games to finish with a 20–6 record (13–1 in Big Ten), and won their second straight Big Ten title. The Hawkeyes also made their second consecutive trip to the Final Four, defeating Temple before falling to the unbeaten, back-to-back National champion San Francisco Dons in the title game.

1955–56 Temple Owls men's basketball team
The 1955–56 Temple Owls men's basketball team represented Temple University during the 1955–56 NCAA men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Harry Litwack and played their home games at The Palestra in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Playing out of the East region, the Owls made a run to the Final Four of the NCAA tournament – the first in program history. In the National semifinals, Temple lost to Iowa. The Owls bounced back to defeat SMU in the consolation game to finish with a record of 27–4. It would be the second time in three seasons Temple reached the Final Four and took third place.
Bunnik railway station
Bunnik is a railway station located in Bunnik, Netherlands. The station was opened in 1868 and is located on the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway. The station is operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen. The station was closed between 15 May 1938 and 28 May 1972. When it re-opened in 1972 it was moved about 1 km further west than originally.

Bunnik
Bunnik (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbʏnɪk] ⓘ) is a municipality and village in the province of Utrecht, Netherlands. The recorded history of the village dates back nearly 2000 years, when the Romans constructed a fort at Fectio (now Vechten) with a harbour facing the river Rhine, which marked the border of the Roman Empire. The fort developed into a thriving trading centre, which continued to exist after the Romans abandoned the fort in the fourth century. Subsequently, the area was occupied by the Frisians and the Franks. In the 8th and 9th century, the villages of Bunninchem (Bunnik), Lodichem (Odijk) and Wercundia (Werkhoven) developed.

Chief interests of Bunnik are its surrounding nature, consisting mainly of forests and farmlands. Additionally, Bunnik, hosts the oldest Youth Hostel in the Netherlands. The major European construction and services company Royal BAM Group has its headquarters in Bunnik.
Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon
Marie-Anne-Victoire de Prémontval, née Pigeon d'Osangis (born 1724, Paris; died 1767, Berlin) was a French mathematician and writer.

She was the daughter of the scientist Jean Pigeon.  In 1744, she eloped with her teacher, mathematician Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval, to Switzerland, where they married, and then to Berlin.  In 1752, she was a teacher of princess Wilhelmina of Hesse-Kassel.

Jean Pigeon
Jean Pigeon d'Osangis (born 1654, Donzy, Nivernais; died 1739) was a French physicist and mathematician, noted for the construction of planispheres.

He was also a globe maker. In the University of Wrocław's map collection, there survives one of only two remaining examples of a 7-cm terrestrial pocket globe that Pigeon published in 1717.

He was the father of Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon.

He was a member of the Paris Society of Arts.
7mm Weatherby Magnum
The 7mm Weatherby Magnum is a powerful 7mm rifle cartridge offered by the Weatherby firearms company in their Mark V rifles. The cartridge was one of the first cartridges offered by the Weatherby company.

7mm Remington Magnum
The 7mm Remington Magnum rifle cartridge was introduced as a commercially available round in 1962, along with the new Remington Model 700 bolt-action rifle.  It is a member of the belted magnum family that is directly derived from the venerable .375 H&H Magnum. The original purpose of the belted magnum concept taken from the .300 H&H Magnum and .375 H&H Magnum, was to provide precise headspace control, since the sloping shoulders, while easing cartridge extraction, were unsuitable for this purpose.  Improved cartridge extraction reliability is desirable while hunting dangerous game, in particular when a fast follow-up shot is required.  The 7mm Remington Magnum is based on the commercial .264 Winchester Magnum, .338 Winchester Magnum, and .458 Winchester Magnum, which were based on the same belted .300 H&H Magnum and .375 H&H Magnum cases, trimmed to nearly the same length as the .270 Weatherby Magnum.
Jesmyn Ward
Jesmyn Ward (born April 1, 1977) is an American novelist and a professor of English at Tulane University, where she holds the Andrew W. Mellon Professorship in the Humanities. She won the 2011 National Book Award for Fiction for her second novel Salvage the Bones, a story about familial love and community in facing Hurricane Katrina. She won the 2017 National Book Award for Fiction for her novel Sing, Unburied, Sing.

She is the only woman and only African American to win the National Book Award for Fiction twice. All of Ward's first three novels are set in the fictitious Mississippi town of Bois Sauvage. In her fourth novel, Let Us Descend, the main character Annis perhaps inhabits an earlier Bois Sauvage when she is taken shackled from the Carolina coast and put to work on a Mississippi sugar plantation near New Orleans.

Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction
Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction (formerly the Library of Congress Creative Achievement Award for Fiction and Library of Congress Lifetime Achievement Award for the Writing of Fiction) is an annual book award presented by the Librarian of Congress each year at the National Book Festival.

It was established in 2009 as a lifetime achievement award, although the first award was presented in 2008. In 2008, the Library of Congress was inspired to award Herman Wouk with a lifetime achievement award in the writing of fiction. That honor inspired the Library to grant subsequent fiction-writing awards, beginning with the Library of Congress Creative Achievement Award for Fiction from 2009–2012. Beginning in 2013, the award was renamed to the Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction.
Child selling
Child-selling is the practice of selling children, usually by parents, legal guardians, or subsequent custodians, including adoption agencies, orphanages and Mother and Baby Homes. Where the subsequent relationship with the child is essentially non-exploitative, it is usually the case that purpose of child-selling was to permit adoption.

To Be the Man
To Be the Man is an autobiographical book written by professional wrestler Ric Flair and Keith Elliot Greenberg, and edited by Mark Madden. It was published by both WWE Books and Pocket Books and distributed by Simon & Schuster on July 6, 2004. The book's title was taken from Flair's famous catchphrase: "To be the man, you gotta beat the man!".