hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Millennium Cohort Study (United Kingdom)
The Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) is a longitudinal survey conducted by the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) at the University of London, following the lives of a sample of about 18,818 babies born in the UK in the year 2000–2001.

UCL Institute of Education
The UCL Institute of Education (IOE) is the faculty of education and society of University College London (UCL). It specialises in postgraduate study and research in the field of education and is one of UCL's 11 constituent faculties. Prior to merging with UCL in 2014, it was a constituent college of the University of London. The IOE is ranked first in the world for education in the QS World University Rankings, and has been so every year since 2014.

The IOE is the largest education research body in the United Kingdom, with over 700 research students in the doctoral school. It also has the largest portfolio of postgraduate programmes in education in the UK, with approximately 4,000 students taking Master's programmes, and a further 1,200 students on PGCE teacher-training courses. At any one time the IOE hosts over 100 research projects funded by Research Councils, government departments and other agencies.
Greatest & Latest (Warrant album)
Greatest & Latest is an album by the American rock band Warrant, released in 1999. The album contains new recorded studio versions of their ("greatest") material with three previously unreleased ("latest") songs "The Jones", "Southern Comfort" and "Bad Tattoo."

Heaven (Warrant song)
"Heaven" is a song by American glam metal band Warrant. The power ballad was released in July 1989 as the second single from Warrant's debut album, Dirty Rotten Filthy Stinking Rich. The song is Warrant's most commercially successful single, spending two weeks at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number three on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart. 
The track's commercial success has led it to becoming one of the best known songs by the band.
2008 United States Senate election in Colorado
The 2008 United States Senate election in Colorado was held November 4, 2008. The primary elections were held August 12, 2008. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Wayne Allard decided to retire instead of seeking a third term. Democratic nominee Mark Udall won the open seat, making this the first time a Democrat won this seat since 1972, and that Democrats held both Senate seats since 1979.

1972 United States Senate election in Colorado
The 1972 United States Senate election in Colorado took place on November 7, 1972. Republican candidate and Incumbent United States Senator Gordon Allott ran for re-election to a fourth term, but was narrowly defeated by Democratic candidate and former State Representative Floyd Haskell. This would be the last time until 2008 that a Democrat was elected to the Class 2 Senate seat from Colorado. Colorado was one of fifteen states alongside Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, South Dakota and West Virginia that were won by Republican president Richard Nixon in 1972 that elected Democrats to the United States Senate.
Hadab al-Fawwar
Hadab al-Fawwar (Arabic: حدب الفوّار, lit. Sparkling Slope) is a Palestinian village located seven kilometers southwest of Hebron. The village is in the Hebron Governorate Southern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 2,354 in 2017. The primary health care facilities for the village are designated by the Ministry of Health as level 2. It is adjacent to the Palestinian refugee camp of Fawwar.

Hebron Governorate
The Hebron Governorate (Arabic: محافظة الخليل, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat al-Khalīl) is an administrative district of Palestine in the southern West Bank.

The governorate's land area is 1,060 square kilometres (410 sq mi) and its population according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in mid-year 2019 was 1,004,510. This makes the Hebron Governorate the largest of 16 governorates in both population and land area in the Palestinian territories. The city of Hebron is the district capital or muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The current Governor of Hebron is Khaled Dudin.

During the first six months of the First Intifada 42 people in Hebron Governorate were killed by the Israeli army.
Fellowship of Australian Writers
The Fellowship of Australian Writers (FAW) is a collection or federation of state-based organizations aiming to support and promote the interests of Australian writers. It was established in Sydney in 1928, with the aim of bringing writers together and promoting their interests. The organisation played a key role in the establishment of the Australian Society of Authors in 1963, a national body and now the main professional organisation in Australia for writers of literary works.

As of 2023, the following state-based independent organisations carried the name: Fellowship of Australian Writers NSW Inc. (a continuation of the original), Fellowship of Australian Writers Queensland, Fellowship of Australian Writers Tasmania, Fellowship of Australian Writers (VIC) Inc., and the Fellowship of Australian Writers (WA) Inc.

Oodgeroo Noonuccal
Oodgeroo Noonuccal (/ˈʊdɡəruː ˈnuːnəkəl/ UUD-gə-roo NOO-nə-kəl; born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska; 3 November 1920 – 16 September 1993), earlier known as Kath Walker, was an Aboriginal Australian political activist, artist and educator, who campaigned for Aboriginal rights. Noonuccal was best known for her poetry, and was the first Aboriginal Australian to publish a book of verse.
Nastro d'Argento for Best Actor
The Nastro d'Argento (Silver Ribbon) is a film award assigned each year, since 1946, by Sindacato Nazionale dei Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani ("Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists"), the association of Italian film critics.

This is the list of Nastro d'Argento awards for Best Actor. Marcello Mastroianni is the record holder with seven Nastro d'Argento awards for Best Actor received from 1955 to 1991, followed by Vittorio Gassman and Nino Manfredi, both four times winners.

Nastro d'Argento
The Nastro d'Argento (plural: Nastri d'Argento; English: Silver Ribbon) is an Italian film award, held since 1946 by the Sindacato Nazionale Giornalisti Cinematografici Italiani (Italian National Union of Film Journalists). Awards are given annually in a wide range of categories, covering not only feature films but also short films (Corti d'argento) and television series (Nastri d'Argento Grandi Serie). The main awards are given at Taormina Film Fest, Sicily, while the short film awards ceremony is held in Naples.
Ronen Manelis
Brigadier General Ronen Manelis (Hebrew: רונן מָנֵלִיס; born 1979) was the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) Spokesperson between May 18, 2017, and September 15, 2019. Prior to his position as IDF Spokesperson, Manelis served as Assistant to the Chief of the General Staff.

IDF Spokesperson's Unit
The IDF Spokesperson's Unit (Hebrew: דובר צה"ל, Dover Tzahal, abbr. Dotz) is the unit in the Operations Directorate of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), responsible for information policy and media relations. The unit is led by the IDF Spokesperson, a brigadier general and member of the General Staff, and by the Deputy Spokesperson, a colonel. Since March 2025 and as of June 2025 the spokesperson is Effie Defrin.

The International Media Branch of the unit is responsible for the administration of IDF communications with international media outlets, and for shaping the image of the IDF in the foreign public arena.
Barque Press
Barque Press was a London-based publisher of experimental poetry. Founded in 1995 by Andrea Brady and Keston Sutherland. Barque's list includes Andrea Brady, Keston Sutherland, J. H. Prynne, John Tranter, John Wilkinson, Che Qianzi, and Peter Manson.

Keston Sutherland
Keston M. Sutherland is a British poet, and Professor of Poetics at the University of Sussex. He was the editor of the poetics and critical theory journal QUID and is co-editor (with Andrea Brady) of Barque Press. His poetry has been compared to J. H. Prynne, John Wilkinson, and Drew Milne. His poem Hot White Andy was first published in the United States in a special issue of Chicago Review.

Poetry portal
Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal
Newcastle is the third-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and is the province's industrial centre. The city has four industrial areas. The majority of its citizens reside in Newcastle East in the main townships of Madadeni and Osizweni, with the balance residing in Newcastle West (the two sides of Newcastle are separated by the N11 road). Set at the foothills of the northern KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg Mountains, Newcastle is located in the northwest corner of the province along the Ncandu River.

Newcastle is the seat of the local municipality, and the Amajuba District Municipality. Newcastle's municipal area is 1,855 square kilometres (716 square miles), ranking Newcastle as South Africa's 15th-largest city and consists of 34 wards.

The N11 and R34 are the principal roads linking the city to the rest of South Africa.

Mittal Steel South Africa
ArcelorMittal South Africa is part of the steel company ArcelorMittal. The company was originally Iscor Ltd., a South African parastatal steel company.  It was founded in 1928 and was first listed on the JSE Securities Exchange in 1989.

In January 2025 it announced that it would be shutting down steel operations in Newcastle and Vereeniging.
Cubicity
In graph theory, cubicity is a graph invariant defined to be the smallest dimension such that a graph can be realized as an intersection graph of axis-parallel unit cubes in Euclidean space. Cubicity was introduced by Fred S. Roberts in 1969, along with a related invariant called boxicity that considers the smallest dimension needed to represent a graph as an intersection graph of axis-parallel rectangles in Euclidean space.

Boxicity
In graph theory, the boxicity of a graph is a graph invariant defined to be the minimum dimension of Euclidean space required to represent the graph as an intersection graph of axis-parallel boxes. That is, there must exist a one-to-one correspondence between the vertices of the graph and a set of boxes, such that two boxes intersect if and only if there is an edge connecting the corresponding vertices.

Boxicity was introduced by Fred S. Roberts in 1969.
Imperials Football Club
The Imperials Football Club was an Australian rules football club based in Fremantle, Western Australia. Formed in 1892, the club competed in the West Australian Junior Football Association for three seasons from 1892 to 1894, and was admitted to the senior West Australian Football Association in 1895.

East Fremantle Football Club
The East Fremantle Football Club, nicknamed the Sharks and colloquially referred to as East Freo, is an Australian rules football club playing in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). The team's home ground is East Fremantle Oval. East Fremantle is the most successful club in WAFL history, winning 30 premierships since their entry into the competition in 1898. East Fremantle's last premiership was in 2023, when they defeated Peel Thunder.
Nlaka'pamux
The Nlakaʼpamux or Nlakapamuk (/ɪŋkləˈkæpmə/ ing-klə-KAP-mə; Salishan: [nɬeʔképmx]), also previously known as the Thompson, Thompson River Salish, Thompson Salish, Thompson River Indians or Thompson River people, and historically as the Klackarpun, Haukamaugh, Knife Indians, and Couteau Indians, are an Indigenous First Nations people of the Interior Salish language group in southern British Columbia.  Their traditional territory includes parts of the North Cascades region of Washington.

Thompson language
Thompson (endonym: nɬeʔkepmxcín) – also known as Nlaka'pamuctsin, Nlaka'pamux, or Nthlakampx – is an Interior Salishan language spoken by the Nlaka'pamux people (also known as the Thompson people). It is spoken in the Fraser Canyon, Thompson Canyon, and Nicola Country of the Canadian province of British Columbia and was formerly spoken in the North Cascades region of Whatcom and Chelan counties of Washington State in the United States. A dialect distinctive to the Nicola Valley is called Scw'exmx, which is the name of the subgroup of the Nlaka'pamux who live there.
BBL Trophy
The British Basketball League Trophy, often shortened to the BBL Trophy, is an annual cup competition for the British Basketball League (BBL). It is the unique of  peripheral competitions operated by the League during the regular season,  The competition's structure and format vary from season to season and, unlike the BBL Cup, often includes invited clubs from the English Basketball League and the Scottish Basketball League, and representatives from Basketball Wales, a novelty in BBL events which gives the competition much of its character.

The most recent champions are the Cheshire Phoenix who defeated London Lions at Arena Birmingham.

Essex Leopards
The Essex & Herts Leopards were an English semi-professional basketball club, based in Brentwood, Essex and St Albans, Hertfordshire. The Leopards competed in Division 1 of the English Basketball League. The team was established in 1997 as Ware Fire, but following the demise and eventual closure of the former British Basketball League franchise Essex Leopards in 2003, a supporters group known as 'Leopards Alive' merged with the Ware-based club and rebranded the team as Essex & Herts Leopards in 2004.
Pseudandraca
Pseudandraca is a monotypic moth genus of the family Endromidae erected by Tamotsu Miyata in 1970. The genus was previously placed in the subfamily Prismostictinae of the family Bombycidae. Its only species, Pseudandraca gracilis, was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1885. It is found in Japan.

Endromidae
Endromidae is a family of moths consisting of 16 genera with 72 species. This relictual family is related to the families Carthaeidae, Anthelidae, and Phiditiidae as part of the bombycine group "CAPOPEM".
Djau
Djau (fl. c. 2290 BC) was a vizier of Upper Egypt during the Sixth Dynasty. He was a member of an influential family from Abydos; his mother was the vizier Nebet, and his father was Khui. His two sisters Ankhesenpepi I and Ankhesenpepi II married King Pepi I. Djau was already in office when his nephew Pepi II became king. He is mentioned in two royal decrees, one from Abydos, the other from Coptos; one of them is dated to Year 11. It is unknown when he died, but when the tomb of Pepi II was decorated, he was no longer vizier. He was buried in Abydos, but the exact location of his tomb is not known.

Pepi II Neferkare
Pepi II Neferkare (c. 2284 BC – c. 2214 BC) was a king of the Sixth Dynasty in Egypt's Old Kingdom. His second name, Neferkare (Nefer-ka-Re), means "Beautiful is the Ka of Re". He succeeded to the throne at age six, after the death of Nemtyemsaf I.

Pepi II's reign marked a sharp decline of the Old Kingdom. As the power of the nomarchs grew, the power of the king declined. With no dominant central power, local nobles began raiding each other's territories and the Old Kingdom came to an end within a couple of years after the end of Pepi II's reign. This led to the First Intermediate Period of Egypt which lasted from the Seventh Dynasty of Egypt to the Tenth Dynasty of Egypt.

According to the ancient historian Manetho (4th century BC), he reigned for 94 years, and according to the Turin King List (13th century BC), for 90 years. Since the latest contemporary documentary evidence for Pepi II dates from his 62nd year of reign, the 90+ years may be questionable.
Aurelian Springs, North Carolina
Aurelian Springs is an unincorporated community in Halifax County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Its elevation is 335 feet (102 m).

The Edmunds-Heptinstall House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

36°21′52″N 77°48′25″W﻿ / ﻿36.36444°N 77.80694°W﻿ / 36.36444; -77.80694

Roanoke Rapids micropolitan area
The Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA) as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in North Carolina, anchored by the city of Roanoke Rapids.

As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 79,456 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 74,716).
Telluride mineral
A telluride mineral is a mineral that has the telluride anion as a main component.

Tellurides are similar to sulfides and are grouped with them in both the Dana and Strunz mineral classification systems.

Examples include:

altaite

calaverite

coloradoite

empressite

hessite

kostovite

krennerite

melonite

merenskyite

petzite

rickardite

stützite

sylvanite

tellurobismuthite

temagamite

tetradymite

vulcanite

Stützite
Stützite or stuetzite is a silver telluride mineral with formula: Ag5−xTe3 (with x = 0.24 to 0.36) or Ag7Te4.

It was first described in 1951 from a museum specimen from Sacarimb, Romania. It was named for Austrian mineralogist Andreas Xaverius Stütz (1747–1806).

It occurs with other sulfide and telluride minerals in hydrothermal ore occurrences. Associated minerals include sylvanite, hessite, altaite, petzite, empressite, native tellurium, native gold, galena, sphalerite, colusite, tennantite and pyrite.
Buffon's needle problem
In probability theory, Buffon's needle problem is a question first posed in the 18th century by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon:

Suppose we have a floor made of parallel strips of wood, each the same width, and we drop a needle onto the floor. What is the probability that the needle will lie across a line between two strips?

Buffon's needle was one of the earliest problems in geometric probability to be solved; it can be solved using integral geometry. The solution for the sought probability p, in the case where the needle length l is not greater than the width t of the strips, is

This can be used to design a Monte Carlo method for approximating the number π, although that was not the original motivation for de Buffon's question. The seemingly unusual appearance of π in this expression occurs because the underlying probability distribution function for the needle orientation is rotationally symmetric.

Integral geometry
In mathematics, integral geometry is the theory of measures on a geometrical space invariant under the symmetry group of that space.  In more recent times, the meaning has been broadened to include a view of invariant (or equivariant) transformations from the space of functions on one geometrical space to the space of functions on another geometrical space.  Such transformations often take the form of integral transforms such as the Radon transform and its generalizations.
Greenbrier School District
Greenbrier School District 19 (GSD)  is a school district based in Greenbrier, Arkansas, United States.  GSD supports more than 3,100 students in kindergarten through grade 12 and employs more than 390 faculty and staff on a full time equivalent basis for its six schools.

The school district encompasses 141.38 square miles (366.2 km2) of land in Faulkner County and Conway County.

In Faulkner County it serves Greenbrier, Wooster, the majority of Holland, a small section of Twin Groves, a and a very small part of Conway. The district also includes Springhill.

Conway, Arkansas
Conway is a city in Faulkner County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. It had a population of 64,134 at the 2020 census, making Conway the eighth-most populous city in Arkansas. It is located within Central Arkansas and serves as a regional hub for Faulkner County and surrounding areas. Conway is home to three post-secondary educational institutions, earning it the nickname "The City of Colleges".
The Weald School
The Weald School is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form. It caters for around 1,700 pupils in years 7 to 13, including over 300 in its sixth form. The school opened in 1956, and celebrated its 60th anniversary in the academic year 2016–17.

The school is located in the village of Billingshurst, West Sussex, England. Its grounds adjoin the main road through the village, and is shared with the local leisure facilities at Weald Recreation Centre. On 20 September 2008, the Weald Recreation Centre became the Billingshurst Leisure Centre. The centre is run by Places Leisure (a Places for People subsidiary) on behalf of Horsham District Council.

The Weald admits students from a catchment area, reaching north to the Surrey/Sussex Border, south to Bury, west to Midhurst, and into parts of Horsham.

Billingshurst
Billingshurst is a large village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The village lies on the A29 road (the Roman Stane Street) at its crossroads with the A272, 6 miles (10 km) south-west of Horsham and 5.5 miles (9 km) north-east of Pulborough.

The civil parish has a land area of 7,952 acres (3,218 hectares) and at the 2001 census had 2,677 households and a population of 6,531 people, which increased to 8,232 at the 2011 census. In the 2021 census, the population grew to 9,127.
Zhongguo feng (music)
Zhongguo feng or Chinese style (simplified Chinese: 中国风; traditional Chinese: 中國風; pinyin: Zhōngguó fēng) music is a popular Chinese music genre considered to adopt a more traditional musical style in its instrumental than normal popular music, similar to Chinese traditional music but with a "Modern Twist" style way. Following the success of Taiwanese singer Jay Chou's early works including "Wife" (娘子) and "East Wind Breaks" (東風破), it emerged in the popular music scene in early 2000s.

This music style is different from traditional Chinese folk music and Chinese classical music in that, Zhongguo feng pop music is essentially contemporary pop music but with more Chinese elements in its arrangement and references.

The Gufeng music is similar but slightly different from Zhongguo feng music.

Gufeng music
Gufeng music (traditional Chinese: 古風音樂; simplified Chinese: 古风音乐; pinyin: gǔfēng yīnyuè; Jyutping: gu2 fung1 jam1ngok6) is a type of music genre by artists originating from the Greater China region. It is a kind of C-pop music with a background in Chinese legends, the style of Chinese folk songs and drama; melodies in the genre are similar to classical Chinese music and are played on classical Chinese musical instruments. It is similar but slightly different from Zhongguo feng music.

The lyrics of Gufeng music are created mainly based on ancient Chinese mythological legends and verses. In recent years, this kind of songs are often used in Xianxia, Wuxia games, anime, dramas, etc. This kind of music has also become popular among Internet cultures such as Hanfu movement.
Grasse River
The Grasse River or Grass River (per 1905 decision of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names) is a 73-mile-long (117 km) river in northern New York, in the United States. The river mainly flows northeast from the foothills of the Adirondack Mountains into the St. Lawrence Valley, making up what is known as the greater St. Lawrence River Drainage Basin along with other tributaries such as the Oswegatchie and Raquette rivers.

The river was named after François Joseph Paul, comte de Grasse, a French admiral and hero of the American Revolutionary War. He defeated British forces in the Battle of the Chesapeake, contributing to their surrender at Yorktown, ending the war.

Massena (village), New York
Massena is a village in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The village is named after André Masséna, one of Napoleon's generals.

The Village of Massena is at the southwestern town line of the Town of Massena, with a small southeastern section of the community spilling into the Town of Louisville, and a tiny portion in the Town of Norfolk. The village is located near the northern border of the county.