hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Apostolic Nunciature to South Africa
The Apostolic Nunciature to South Africa the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to South Africa. It is located Pretoria. The current Apostolic Nuncio is Archbishop Henryk Jagodzinski, who was named to the position by Pope Francis on 9 February 2016.

The Apostolic Nunciature to the Republic of South Africa is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in South Africa, with the rank of an embassy. The nuncio serves both as the ambassador of the Holy See to the President of South Africa, and as delegate and point-of-contact between the Catholic hierarchy in South Africa and the Pope. The Apostolic Nuncio to South Africa is usually also the Apostolic Nuncio to Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho and Namibia upon his appointment to said nations.

Apostolic Nunciature to Namibia
The Apostolic Nunciature to Namibia is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Namibia. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio with the rank of an ambassador. The title Apostolic Nuncio to Namibia is held by the prelate appointed Apostolic Nuncio to South Africa; he resides in South Africa.
Syndeton
Syndeton (from the Greek συνδετόν 'bound together with') or syndetic coordination in grammar is a form of syntactic coordination of the elements of a sentence (conjuncts) with the help of a coordinating conjunction.
For instance, in a simple syndeton, two conjuncts are joined by a conjunction: "I will have eggs and ham".

In syndetic coordination with more than two conjuncts, the conjunction is placed between the two last conjuncts: "I will need bread, cheese and ham". The serial comma is not usually used in front of the conjunction between the last two items in British English, while American English generally suggests a comma: "I will need bread, cheese, and ham".

Coordination (linguistics)
In linguistics, coordination is a complex syntactic structure that links together two or more elements; these elements are called conjuncts or conjoins. The presence of coordination is often signaled by the appearance of a coordinator (coordinating conjunction), e.g. and, or, but (in English). The totality of coordinator(s) and conjuncts forming an instance of coordination is called a coordinate structure. The unique properties of coordinate structures have motivated theoretical syntax to draw a broad distinction between coordination and subordination. It is also one of the many constituency tests in linguistics. Coordination is one of the most studied fields in theoretical syntax, but despite decades of intensive examination, theoretical accounts differ significantly and there is no consensus on the best analysis.
Dymaxion map
The Dymaxion map projection, also called the Fuller projection, is a kind of polyhedral map projection of the Earth's surface onto the unfolded net of an icosahedron. The resulting map is heavily interrupted in order to reduce shape and size distortion compared to other world maps, but the interruptions are chosen to lie in the ocean.

The projection was invented by Buckminster Fuller. In 1943, Fuller proposed a projection onto a cuboctahedron, which he called the Dymaxion World, using the name Dymaxion which he also applied to several of his other inventions. In 1954, Fuller and cartographer Shoji Sadao produced an updated Dymaxion map, the Airocean World Map, based on an icosahedron with a few of the triangular faces cut to avoid breaks in landmasses.

The Dymaxion projection is intended for representations of the entire Earth.

Dymaxion
Dymaxion is a term coined by architect and inventor Buckminster Fuller and associated with much of his work, prominently his Dymaxion house and Dymaxion car. A portmanteau of the words dynamic, maximum, and tension, Dymaxion sums up the goal of his study, "maximum gain of advantage from minimal energy input".
Cubic crystal system
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.

There are three main varieties of these crystals:

Primitive cubic (abbreviated cP and alternatively called simple cubic)

Body-centered cubic (abbreviated cI or bcc)

Face-centered cubic (abbreviated cF or fcc)

Note: the term fcc is often used synonymously for the cubic close-packed or ccp structure occurring in metals. However, fcc stands for a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice, which is not necessarily close-packed when a motif is set onto the lattice points. E.g. the diamond and the zincblende lattices are fcc but not close-packed.
Each is subdivided into other variants listed below. Although the unit cells in these crystals are conventionally taken to be cubes, the primitive unit cells often are not.

Coordination number
In chemistry, crystallography, and materials science, the coordination number, also called ligancy, of a central atom in a molecule or crystal is the number of atoms, molecules or ions bonded to it. The ion/molecule/atom surrounding the central ion/molecule/atom is called a ligand. This number is determined somewhat differently for molecules than for crystals.

For molecules and polyatomic ions the coordination number of an atom is determined by simply counting the other atoms to which it is bonded (by either single or multiple bonds). For example, [Cr(NH3)2Cl2Br2]− has Cr3+ as its central cation, which has a coordination number of 6 and is described as hexacoordinate. The common coordination numbers are 4, 6 and 8.
Otrøya
Otrøya is the largest island in Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 75.5-square-kilometre (29.2 sq mi) island sits at the entrance to Romsdalsfjord, west of the island of Midøya and east of the mainland Romsdal peninsula.

The highest point on the island is the mountain Oppstadhornet at 737 metres (2,418 ft) above sea level. The main settlement is the village of Midsund on the west end of the island. Other settlements include Uglvik and Raknes on the north side of the island and Nord-Heggdal on the southeast side of the island. The Church of Norway has two churches on the island: Otrøy Church and Nord-Heggdal Chapel.

The Midsund Bridge connects Otrøya to the island of Midøya to the west. On the east end of the island, there is a ferry connection across the Julsundet strait to the village of Mordal in Molde Municipality.

Nord-Heggdal Chapel
Nord-Heggdal Chapel (Norwegian: Nord-Heggdal kapell) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Molde Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Nord-Heggdal on the southeastern shore of the island of Otrøya. It an annex church for the Midsund parish which is part of the Molde domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The brown, wooden church was built in a rectangular style in 1974 by the architect Jostein Heggdal. The church seats about 100 people.
Thomas Caulfield Irwin
Thomas Caulfield Irwin (4 May 1823 – 20 February 1892) was an Irish poet, writer, and classical scholar.

Irwin was born in Warrenpoint, County Down, to a prosperous family. He was educated privately. He travelled to Europe and Africa but later became impoverished through the collapse of family fortunes. He took up journalism in Dublin around 1848. He was highly regarded as a poet by contemporaries.

He was a prolific writer and contributed to the Dublin University Magazine and The Nation, among other publications. Irwin wrote at least one novel and several volumes of poetry. He also carried out translations from classical and European writers.

Irwin died after some years of poverty in Rathmines, Dublin, and is buried in Mount Jerome Cemetery.

Mount Jerome Cemetery and Crematorium
Mount Jerome Cemetery & Crematorium (Irish: Reilig Chnocán Iaróm) is situated in Harold's Cross on the south side of Dublin, Ireland. Since its foundation in 1836, it has witnessed over 300,000 burials. Originally an exclusively Protestant cemetery, Roman Catholics have also been buried there since the 1920s.
Nada-ku, Kobe
Nada (灘区, Nada-ku; Japanese: [nadakɯ]) is one of nine wards of Kobe, Japan. It has an area of 31.4 km², and a population of 129,095 (2008). 
A leading national university, Kobe University, is located in this ward, as is the city's Oji Zoo.

The Tadao Ando-designed Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art is a short walk south of the Nada JR station.
Rokko High School is in Nada-ku.

Nada-Gogō
Nada-Gogō (灘五郷, nada-gogō, "The Five Villages of Nada") are five area-based groupings of sake breweries in the cities of Kobe and Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is the largest sake producing region in Japan, with breweries in the area accounting for just over one quarter of the sake production in the entire country.
Wendens Ambo
Wendens Ambo is a village and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It was historically two adjoining villages and parishes called Great Wenden and Little Wenden. The parishes were merged in 1662 to become Wendens Ambo, with ambo being the Latin for "both". At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 452.

The village lies 2 miles (3 km) south-west of centre of Saffron Walden, its post town, and 15 miles (24 km) south of Cambridge. Within the village is Audley End railway station which is the main station for Audley End House and Saffron Walden.

Uttlesford
Uttlesford is a local government district in Essex, England. Its council is based in the town of Saffron Walden. The district also includes the town of Great Dunmow and numerous villages, including Stansted Mountfitchet, Takeley, Elsenham,  Thaxted, and Newport. The district covers a largely rural area in the north-west of Essex. London Stansted Airport lies within the district.

The neighbouring districts are Braintree, Chelmsford, Epping Forest, East Hertfordshire, North Hertfordshire and South Cambridgeshire.
Caronno Varesino
Caronno Varesino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Milan and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) south of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,761 and an area of 5.6 square kilometres (2.2 sq mi).

Caronno Varesino borders the following municipalities: Albizzate, Carnago, Castiglione Olona, Castronno, Gornate-Olona, Morazzone, Solbiate Arno.

Morazzone
Morazzone is a comune (municipality) of c. 4,000 inhabitants in the province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Varese. It is served by Gazzada-Schianno-Morazzone railway station.

Morazzone borders the following municipalities: Brunello, Caronno Varesino, Castiglione Olona, Castronno, Gazzada Schianno, Gornate-Olona, Lozza.

Old coat of arms
Mountain railways of India
The Mountain railways of India are the railway lines that were built in the mountainous regions of India. The term mainly includes the narrow-gauge  railways in these regions but may also include some broad-gauge railways.

Three of the lines, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, the Nilgiri Mountain Railway, and the Kalka–Shimla Railway, are collectively designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the name "Mountain Railways of India". Two more, the Matheran Hill Railway and the Kangra Valley Railway, are on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway is also the only rack and pinion railway in India.

Mountain railways, such as the Chota Char Dham Railway, are currently under construction, and others are in the planning stage, such as the Srinagar–Leh line. All the mountain railways constructed in recent times use broad-gauge.

Jogindernagar
Jogindernagar, or Jogindar Nagar ([dʒoːˈɡɪnd̪ər nəˈɡər]), is a municipality, and a sub district in Mandi district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Named after Raja Joginder Sen, the hill station is the terminus of the 163-kilometre-long (101 mi) Kangra Valley narrow-gauge railway. Jogindernagar is the third-largest city in the Mandi district and tenth largest urban agglomeration of Himachal Pradesh. The only city in Asia with three hydro-electric power stations, its nickname is "The City of Powerhouses".

Situated in the central Joginder Nagar Valley, the region is known for paragliding, trekking, mountain biking, camping and angling. The valley is known for its Ts: trolley, trout and train. In 2015, Jogindernagar was declared the first free Wi-Fi city in Himachal Pradesh.
Effigy Mounds National Monument
Effigy Mounds National Monument preserves more than 200 prehistoric mounds built by pre-Columbian
Mound Builder cultures, mostly in the first millennium CE, during the later part of the  Woodland period of pre-Columbian North America.
Numerous effigy mounds are shaped like animals, including bears and birds.

The monument is located primarily in Allamakee County, Iowa, with a small part in Clayton County, Iowa, in the midwestern United States. The park's visitor center is located in Harpers Ferry, Iowa, just north of Marquette.
In 2017, the Effigy Mounds were featured in the America the Beautiful Quarters Program.

Clayton County, Iowa
Clayton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,043, and was estimated to be 16,931 in 2024. The county seat is Elkader and the largest city is Guttenberg.
Satsuma Ohkawa Station
Satsuma Ohkawa Station (薩摩大川駅, Satsuma Ōkawa-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Akune, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. It is served by the It is operated by third-sector railway company Hisatsu Orange Railway.

Akune, Kagoshima
Akune (阿久根市, Akune-shi) is a city located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 29 February 2024, the city had an estimated population of 18,297 in 9698 households, and a  population density of 140 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 134.28 km2 (51.85 sq mi).
Meinhard, Duke of Upper Bavaria
Meinhard (9 February 1344 – 13 January 1363), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was duke of Upper Bavaria and count of Tyrol (as Meinhard III) from 1361 until his death. He was the son of Duke Louis V of Bavaria with Countess Margaret of Tyrol and as such also the last descendant of the Tyrolean branch of the House of Gorizia.

Margaret, Countess of Tyrol
Margaret, nicknamed Maultasch (1318 – 3 October 1369), was the last Countess of Tyrol from the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner), and an unsuccessful claimant to the Duchy of Carinthia. Upon her death, Tyrol became united with the Austrian hereditary lands of the Habsburg dynasty.
Paganico Sabino
Paganico Sabino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Rome and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Rieti.

Paganico Sabino borders the following municipalities: Ascrea, Collegiove, Marcetelli, Pozzaglia Sabina, Varco Sabino.

Varco Sabino
Varco Sabino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region of Latium, located about 60 kilometres (37 miles) northeast of Rome and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Rieti.

The municipality borders with Ascrea, Castel di Tora, Concerviano, Marcetelli, Paganico Sabino, Pescorocchiano, Petrella Salto and Rocca Sinibalda.
KUR EC3 class
The KUR EC3 class, later known as the EAR 57 class, was a class of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge 4-8-4+4-8-4 Garratt-type articulated steam locomotives.  The twelve members of the class were built by Beyer, Peacock & Co. in Manchester, England, for the Kenya-Uganda Railway (KUR).  They entered service between 1939 and 1941, and were later operated by the KUR's successor, the East African Railways (EAR).

4-8-4+4-8-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, the 4-8-4+4-8-4 is a Garratt locomotive. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 4-8-4 locomotives operating back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two engine units. Each engine unit has two pairs of leading wheels in a leading bogie, followed by four coupled pairs of driving wheels and two pairs of trailing wheels in a trailing bogie.
International Security Studies Program (Fletcher School)
42°24′27.58″N 71°07′18.08″W﻿ / ﻿42.4076611°N 71.1216889°W﻿ / 42.4076611; -71.1216889

The Fletcher School's International Security Studies Program (ISSP or ISS) is a center for the study of international security studies and security policy development. It was established in 1971 at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. ISSP conducts its academic activity through courses, simulations, conferences, and research. It also has a military fellows program for midcareer U.S. officers.

Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy
The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy is the graduate school for international relations at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, United States.

Fletcher is one of America's oldest graduate schools of international relations. Each fall, Fletcher admits an average of 330 students to its various programs, of whom 40 percent are international students and around a quarter are U.S. minorities.
Phryma leptostachya
Phryma leptostachya, or lopseed, is a perennial herb of the genus Phryma. When distinguished from Phryma oblongifolia and Phryma nana, it is native to eastern North America.

The plant stands about 0.3 to 1.0 meters tall, and the inflorescences bear a number of small (4 mm) tube-shaped white to pink flowers.

Phryma nana
Phryma nana is a species of flowering plant in the family Phrymaceae, native to Japan. It was first described by the Japanese botanist Gen-ichi Koidzumi in 1939. Its status as a separate species was not usually accepted, and it was treated as a subspecies or variety of Phryma leptostachya. In 2016, the distinctiveness of the Japanese P. nana was again supported, based on both earlier molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphological analysis. As of April 2022, the species is recognized by Plants of the World Online.
Moulton Hall
Moulton Hall is a grade I listed 17th-century manor house in Moulton near Richmond, North Yorkshire, England.

The hall is built to a rectangular plan in three storeys with cellar and attics of ashlar and rubble with Westmorland slate roofs. The frontage has five bays surmounted by three unusual curved gables and the sides two bays.

The house is surrounded by approximately 25 acres (10 ha) of grounds.

Moulton, North Yorkshire
Moulton is a small village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It lies in a secluded valley between the villages of Scorton and Middleton Tyas.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
IMPRESS
The Independent Monitor for the Press (Impress, stylized as IMPRESS) is an independent press regulator in the UK. It was the first to be recognised by the Press Recognition Panel. Impress regulates over 200 titles, consisting of a variety of independent local, investigative and special interest news publications across the UK. No national newspaper has signed up to the new regulator; most continue to be members of the unrecognised IPSO. Its founder is Jonathan Heawood and its current Chief Executive is Lexie Kirkconnell-Kawana.

Southport Reporter
Southport Reporter is an online newspaper started by Patrick Trollope. It was the UK's first online-only regional newspaper. It is based in Southport on Merseyside, and was quickly recognised by the National Union of Journalists as well as other media groups, authorities and organizations as a newspaper. This recognition was due to the fact it was only run by certificated professional journalists (often the journalist held NUJ or IFJ ID/certification). As a result, they had to follow and run under the rules of the UK Press Complaints Commission's Code of Practice and the NUJ Code of Conduct.
Monochloramine
Monochloramine, often called chloramine, is the chemical compound with the formula NH2Cl. Together with dichloramine (NHCl2) and nitrogen trichloride (NCl3), it is one of the three chloramines of ammonia. It is a colorless liquid at its melting point of −66 °C (−87 °F), but it is usually handled as a dilute aqueous solution, in which form it is sometimes used as a disinfectant. Chloramine is too unstable to have its boiling point measured.

Water chlorination
Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine or chlorine compounds such as sodium hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill  bacteria, viruses and other microbes in water. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid.
Nasir
Nasir (Arabic: ناصر, romanized: Nāṣir) is a masculine given name, commonly found in Arabic which can mean "helper" or "one who gives victory" (grammatically the Stem I masculine singular active participle of consonantal verb root n-ṣ-r). The female form of the name is Nasira (Arabic: ناصرة, romanized: Nāṣira). Alternative spellings of this name, possibly due to transliteration, include Naser, Nasser, Naseer, and Nacer.

Naser (name)
Naser (Arabic: ناصر, romanized: Nāṣir, lit. 'granter of victory') is a masculine given name, commonly found in the Arabic and Persian languages. Alternative spellings of this name, possibly due to transliteration include Nasser, Nassar, Nasir, Naseer, or Nacer. People with this name may include:
Sanix World Rugby Youth Invitational Tournament
The Sanix World Rugby Youth Invitational Tournament is an international rugby union tournament for 15-a-side youth teams which is held every year during the Golden Week holidays (29 April – 5/6 May) in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan. Participation is by invitation only, and the overseas schools selected by their respective unions to represent their country are generally expected to be of a high standard and among the top five in each country. The event is hosted by the Japan Rugby Football Union and supported by various local bodies including the Kyushu RFU, the Sanix Sports Foundation and Munakata City. The Global Arena in Munakata, Fukuoka on the island of Kyūshū is the venue for this tournament.

Global Arena
The Global Arena is a sports venue in Munakata, Fukuoka, Kyūshū, Japan. The 10,000-capacity Sanix Global Arena Stadium is the main stadium at the Global Arena sports complex. It was set up by the President of the Sanix company Mr. Munemasa and includes various sports grounds for rugby union, soccer, tennis etc. Also there are indoor facilities for sports such as kendo, judo and tennis. The Global Arena is now a separate company from Sanix, though they are closely related.

The stadium is used mainly for rugby, has a capacity of 10,000 spectators and is the home ground of Fukuoka Sanix Blues though they have a separate clubhouse, also in Munakata. Saracens F.C. played Sanix here when they toured Japan under Buck Shelford.
Carex bebbii
Carex bebbii, Bebb's sedge, is a species of sedge native to the northern United States and Canada. Carex bebbii grows in a variety of wetland habitats such as lakeshores, streambanks, ditches, meadows, swamps, and seeps. It forms dense tufts with culms up to 90 centimeters (35 in) tall.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.