hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Academy of Internal Affairs
The National Academy of Internal Affairs (Ukrainian: Національна академія внутрішніх справ, romanized: Natsionalna akademiia vnutrishnikh sprav [nɐts⁽ʲ⁾ioˈnɑlʲnɐ ɐkɐˈdɛmijɐ ˈu̯nut⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iʃn⁽ʲ⁾ix ˈsprɑu̯]) is an educational institution in the Ministry of Internal Affairs that serves as a higher lever training center for future personnel of the National Police of Ukraine. It is one of seven educational institutions in the ministry.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство внутрішніх справ України, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy; pronounced [min⁽ʲ⁾iˈstɛrstwo ˈu̯nut⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iʃn⁽ʲ⁾ix ˈsprɑu̯ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; MVS) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the interior affairs of Ukraine.
Pittsburgh Light Rail
The Pittsburgh Light Rail (commonly known as The T or the Trolley) is a 26.2-mile (42.2 km) light rail system in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and surrounding suburbs. It operates as a deep-level subway in Downtown Pittsburgh, but runs mostly at-grade in the suburbs south of the city. The system is largely linear in a north–south direction, with one terminus near Pittsburgh's central business district and two termini in the South Hills. The system is owned and operated by Pittsburgh Regional Transit.

The T is one of the surviving first-generation streetcar systems in North America, with the oldest portions of the network dating back to 1903 and the Pittsburgh Railways. It is also one of only three light rail systems in the United States that continues to use the broad 5 ft 2+1⁄2 in (1,588 mm) Pennsylvania trolley gauge on its lines instead of the 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 3,236,100.

Washington Junction station
Washington Junction is a station on Pittsburgh Regional Transit's light rail network. It is located in Bethel Park, Pennsylvania. The facility is designed both as a transfer station for southbound travelers (the Red and Blue Lines continue toward Upper St. Clair and South Hills Village, while the Silver Line continues toward South Park and Library), and as a commuter park and ride facility. 230 spaces are located on site, designed for allowing travel to Downtown Pittsburgh by residents of northern Bethel Park and commuters who choose to use the stop by traveling from more eastern suburbs via Library or Broughton Roads.
Mark Rosenthal (filmmaker)
Mark David Rosenthal is an American screenwriter and film director.  He is also the long-time writing partner of Lawrence Konner.  The writing team work together on the films The Legend of Billie Jean, The Jewel of the Nile, Superman IV: The Quest for Peace, and Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country, as well as the screenplays for Mona Lisa Smile, Flicka, and Mercury Rising.

The Beverly Hillbillies (film)
The Beverly Hillbillies is a 1993 American comedy film directed by Penelope Spheeris, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal, and starring Jim Varney, Diedrich Bader, Dabney Coleman, Erika Eleniak, Cloris Leachman, Rob Schneider, Lea Thompson and Lily Tomlin.

Based on the television series of the same name (which ran from 1962 to 1971), the film features cameo appearances by Buddy Ebsen (the original Jed Clampett, in his final motion picture appearance, playing his other starring television role, Detective Barnaby Jones), Dolly Parton and Zsa Zsa Gabor. The film grossed $57 million worldwide and was panned by critics. It follows a poor hillbilly named Jed Clampett, who becomes a billionaire after inadvertently finding crude oil on his property while firing his gun.
Yu Jim-yuen
Yu Jim-yuen (September 5, 1905 – September 8, 1997) (Chinese: 于占元; pinyin: Yú Zhānyuán; Jyutping: jyu1 zim1 jyun4) was a Chinese martial artist, actor, teacher and the master of the China Drama Academy, one of the main Peking Opera Schools in Hong Kong, from which Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung, Yuen Biao, Yuen Qiu, Yuen Wah, and Corey Yuen received their training. Yuen Woo-ping attended the school for one year as a day student as well. Jim-yuen was also the father of early wuxia actress Yu So-chow, who appeared in more than 150 movies, but his only film was his starring role as Grandmaster Wen Ren-yang in the 1979 action film The Old Master (師父出馬). He died of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California, United States.

In 1988, the film Painted Faces was released. The story dealt with the lives of the children in the China Drama Academy, and Sammo Hung played the part of Master Yu.

Yuen Wah
Yuen Wah (Chinese: 元華, born Yung Kai-chi [容繼志]; 2 September 1952) is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist, stuntman, and action choreographer. A member of the Seven Little Fortunes, he has appeared in over 200 films and television series since his debut in 1962. He won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Action Choreography for The Iceman Cometh (1989), and was nominated for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Kung Fu Hustle (2004).
Jean Vercoutter
Jean Vercoutter (20 January 1911 – 16 July 2000) was a French Egyptologist. One of the pioneers of archaeological research into Sudan from 1953, he was Director of the Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale from 1977 to 1981.

The Search for Ancient Egypt
The Search for Ancient Egypt (French: À la recherche de l'Égypte oubliée, lit. 'In Search of Forgotten Egypt') is a 1986 illustrated monograph on the history of the rediscovery of ancient Egypt and of Egyptology. Written by the French Egyptologist Jean Vercoutter, and published by Éditions Gallimard as the first volume in their pocket collection "Découvertes" (known as "New Horizons" in the United Kingdom, and "Abrams Discoveries" in the United States). The book was awarded a literary prize by the Fondation de France in 1987.
Orthostochastic matrix
In mathematics, an orthostochastic matrix is a doubly stochastic matrix whose entries are the squares of 
the absolute values of the entries of some orthogonal matrix.

The detailed definition is as follows. A square matrix B of size n is doubly stochastic (or bistochastic) if all its rows and columns sum to 1 and all its entries are nonnegative real numbers. It is orthostochastic if there exists an orthogonal matrix O such that

All 2-by-2 doubly stochastic matrices are orthostochastic (and also unistochastic)
since for any

we find the corresponding orthogonal matrix

with 
 such that

For larger n the sets of bistochastic matrices includes the set of unistochastic matrices,
which includes the set of orthostochastic matrices and these inclusion relations are proper.

Doubly stochastic matrix
In mathematics, especially in probability and combinatorics, a doubly stochastic matrix 
(also called bistochastic matrix) is a square matrix  of nonnegative real numbers, each of whose rows and columns sums to 1, i.e.,

Thus, a doubly stochastic matrix is both left stochastic and right stochastic.

Indeed, any matrix that is both left and right stochastic must be square: if every row sums to 1 then the sum of all entries in the matrix must be equal to the number of rows, and since the same holds for columns, the number of rows and columns must be equal.
Bajhang District
Bajhang District (Listenⓘ), a part of Sudurpashchim Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Chainpur, that is part of Jaya Prithvi Municipality, as its district headquarters, covers an area of 3,422 km2 (1,321 sq mi) and has a population (2011) of 195,159. The headquarter Chainpur is situated at the bank of Seti River and Bauli Khola. Bitthad Bazar is bordered with Baitadi District which is the place of Bitthad Kalika and Kedar. This place was historicaally famous for fresh milk and yogurt.

Chainpur, Bajhang
Chainpur is an ancient town in Jaya Prithvi Municipality and headquarters of Bajhang District in the Seti Zone of north-western Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee was merged to form new municipality from 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,143 and had 759 houses in the village. It has a grass runway in town with limited flights. From 1990-2002 the Peace Corps operated in Chainpur.
Saint Michael in the Catholic Church
Saint Michael the Archangel is referenced in the Old Testament and has been part of Christian teachings since the earliest times. In Catholic writings and traditions, he acts as the defender of the Church and the opponent of Satan. He also assists people at the hour of death.

A widely used "Prayer to Saint Michael" was brought into official use by Pope Leo XIII in 1886 and was recommended by Pope John Paul II in 1994.

Quis ut Deus?
Quis ut Deus? (or Quis sicut Deus?), a Latin sentence meaning "Who [is] like God?", is a literal translation of the name Michael (Hebrew: מִיכָאֵל, transliterated Micha'el or Mîkhā'ēl).

The sentence Quis ut Deus? is particularly associated with Archangel Michael. In art, St. Michael is often represented as an angelic warrior, fully armed with helmet, sword, and shield, as he overcomes Satan, sometimes represented as a dragon and sometimes as a man-like figure. The shield at times bears the inscription: Quis ut Deus, the translation of the archangel's name, but capable also of being seen as his rhetorical and scornful question to Satan.

The Scapular of St. Michael the Archangel also bears this phrase.
Enid, Oklahoma
Enid (/ˈiːnɪd/ EE-nid) is the ninth-largest city in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the county seat of Garfield County. In the 2020 census, the population was 51,308. Enid was founded during the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in the Land Run of 1893, and is named after Enid, a character in Alfred, Lord Tennyson's Idylls of the King. In 1991, the Oklahoma state legislature designated Enid the "purple martin capital of Oklahoma." Enid holds the nickname of "Queen Wheat City" and "Wheat Capital" of Oklahoma and the United States for its immense grain storage capacity, and has the third-largest grain storage capacity in the world.

Enid Downtown Historic District
The Enid Downtown Historic District is located in Enid, Oklahoma and listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2007. In 2019 the district was expanded from 7 blocks to 21. The district includes the original downtown plat from 1893, part of the Jonesville addition plat from 1898, and part of the Weatherly addition plat from 1902.
Roper Gulf Region
Roper Gulf Regional Council is a local government area of the Northern Territory, Australia. The region covers an area of 185,210 square kilometres (71,510 sq mi) and had a  population of 7,397 in June 2018.

Barunga, Northern Territory
Barunga, formerly known as Beswick Creek and then Bamyili, is a small Aboriginal community located approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) southeast of Katherine, in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is part of the Roper Gulf Region local government area. At the 2011 census, Barunga had a population of 313.

In mid June each year, the Barunga Festival, a three-day event showcasing Australian Aboriginal culture, is held. At the 1988 event, the Barunga Statement, which requested a treaty between the Australian federal government and Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples), was presented to then prime minister Bob Hawke. Just before the 2018 Festival, the Barunga agreement was signed between the Northern Territory Government and all four land councils.
South Darenth
South Darenth   is a village in the civil parish of Horton Kirby and South Darenth in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It is located 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of Swanley and 4.4 miles (7.1 km) south of Dartford.

Farningham Road railway station
Farningham Road railway station is on the Chatham Main Line in England, serving the villages of Farningham, Sutton-at-Hone, Horton Kirby and South Darenth, Kent. It is 20 miles 41 chains (33.0 km) down the line from London Victoria and is situated between Swanley and Longfield.

The station and all trains that call are operated by Southeastern.

The ticket office, on the 'up' (London-bound) side, is situated in the substantial station building. This is staffed only during part of the day; at other times a self service ticket machine can be used, located on the platform side of the station building.

The railway line was electrified as part of the Southern Railway's "Maidstone & Gillingham Electrification" scheme of July 1939. The station was previously named Farningham Road & Sutton-at-Hone.
Coco Islands
The Coco Islands (Burmese: ကိုကိုးကျွန်း) are a small group of islands in the northeastern Bay of Bengal. They are part of the Yangon Region of Myanmar since 1937. The islands are located 414 km (257 mi) south of the city of Yangon. Coco Island group consists of five islands: four on the Great Coco Reef and one on the Little Coco Reef. To the north of this island group lies Preparis Island, belonging to Myanmar. To the south lies the Landfall Island, belonging to India.

India–Myanmar border
The India–Myanmar border is the international border between India and Myanmar (formerly Burma). The 1,643 kilometres (1,021 mi) long border runs from the tripoint with China in the north to the tripoint with Bangladesh in the south. Geographically, the Indo-Burman Ranges stand as a physical barrier between the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asian Massif.
Orlovsky Uyezd (Oryol Governorate)
Orlovsky Uyezd (Орло́вский уе́зд) was one of the subdivisions of the Oryol Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the central part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Oryol.

Oryol Governorate
Oryol Governorate (Russian: Орловская губерния, romanized: Orlovskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 to 1928. Its seat was in the city of Oryol.
Midgham railway station
Midgham railway station, formerly known as Woolhampton railway station, is a railway station in the English county of Berkshire. It is located in the village of Woolhampton, but takes its current name from the village of Midgham that lies some 2 miles (3.2 km) away.

The station is on the Reading to Taunton railway line and is 46 miles 59 chains (46.74 miles, 75.22 km) from London Paddington.

Woolhampton
Woolhampton is a village and civil parish in West Berkshire, England. The village straddles the Bath Road between the towns of Reading, 8 miles (13 km) to the east, and Newbury, 6 miles (10 km) to the west.
Ambrose Lau
Ambrose Lau Hon-chuen GBS JP (Chinese: 劉漢銓) (born 16 July 1947) was the chairman of the Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA), a pro-business and Pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong.

He was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo), elected from the constituency of Election Committee. He is a solicitor and notary public. He served as the chairman of the Central and Western District Board from 1988 to 1994, and as President of the Law Society of Hong Kong from 1992 to 1993.

Gold Bauhinia Star
The Gold Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 金紫荊星章, GBS) is the highest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

It is awarded to individuals who have given distinguished service to the community or rendered public or voluntary services of a very high degree of merit.
Bear Creek Fishweir No. 2
The Bear Creek Fishweir #2 is a historic fishing weir on Bear Creek in Tishomingo State Park, northeastern Mississippi.  The weir is a roughly V-shaped stone construction built from readily available local sandstone.  The walls of the weir meet closer to the western bank of the creek, where they form a chute estimated to be 11 metres (36 ft) in length.  At the end of the chute, there would have been a fish trap of wooden construction, of which no traces remain. Residents almost certainly maintained the weir into the early 20th century, but it may have been built on the site of an earlier construction by Native Americans.  This weir, along with Bear Creek Fishweir No. 1, is one of the best-preserved surviving weirs in northeastern Mississippi.

The weir was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Tishomingo State Park
Tishomingo State Park is a public recreation area located in the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains in Tishomingo County, some 45 miles (72 km) northeast of Tupelo, Mississippi. The major feature of the park is Bear Creek Canyon and its generous sandstone outcroppings. Activities in the park include canoeing, rock climbing, fishing, and hiking. The park sits at Milepost 304 of Natchez Trace Parkway, a scenic road operated by the National Park Service  that runs directly through the park.
Tamaudun
Tamaudun (玉陵, Okinawan:Tamaudun) is one of the three royal mausoleums of the Second Shō Dynasty of kings of the Ryukyu Kingdom, along with Urasoe yōdore at Urasoe Castle and Izena Tamaudun near Izena Castle in Izena, Okinawa. The mausoleum is located in Shuri, Okinawa, and was built in 1501 by King Shō Shin, the third king (reigned 1477–1527), to bury his father, King Shō En a short distance from Shuri Castle. The Tamaudun complex was designated a National Historic Site in 1972.  It was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on December 2, 2000, as a part of the site group Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu and a National Treasure in 2018.

Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu
The Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu (琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群, Ryūkyū ōkoku no gusuku oyobi kanren'isangun) is an UNESCO World Heritage Site which consists of nine sites all located in the Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.  The heritage sites include two utaki (or sacred sites, one a gate and the other a grove), the Tamaudun mausoleum, one garden, and five gusuku castles sites, four of which are ruins and one of which is a reconstruction.  The sites were inscribed based on the criteria that they were a fine representation of the Ryūkyū Kingdom's culture, whose unique blend of Japanese and Chinese influence made it a crucial economic and cultural junction between several neighboring states.
Colombia–Venezuela relations
The South American neighboring countries of Colombia and Venezuela maintain diplomatic relations. The relationship has developed since the early 16th century, when Spanish colonizers created the Province of Santa Marta (now Colombia) and the Province of New Andalucia (now Venezuela). The countries share a history of achieving their independence under Simón Bolívar and becoming one nation—the Gran Colombia—which dissolved in the 19th century. Since then, the overall relationship between the two countries has oscillated between cooperation and bilateral struggle.

Colombia–Venezuela border
The Colombia–Venezuela border is an international border of 2219 kilometers (1378 mi) between Colombia and Venezuela, with a total of 603 milestones that demarcate the line. It is the longest border of both Colombia and Venezuela.

The border, at least in its terrestrial part, was essentially demarcated by two treaties: the Spanish Arbitration Award of Queen Maria Cristina of 1891 and the Treaty of Limits and River Navigation of 1941. But the definition of the border in the Gulf of Venezuela is still disputed, causing diplomatic clashes between the two countries.

In August 2015, two Venezuelan soldiers were injured during a fight with alleged Colombian smugglers, prompting Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro to close a large part of the border, except in Táchira.
Glorifying the American Girl
Glorifying the American Girl is a 1929 American pre-Code musical comedy film produced by Florenz Ziegfeld that highlights Ziegfeld Follies performers. The last third of the film, which was filmed in early Technicolor, is basically a Follies production, with appearances by Rudy Vallee, Helen Morgan, and Eddie Cantor.

Rex Beach was paid $35,000 for the original story.

The script for the film was written by J.P. McEvoy and Millard Webb and directed by John W. Harkrider and Millard Webb. The songs were written by Irving Berlin, Walter Donaldson, Rudolf Friml, James E. Hanley, Larry Spier, Dave Stamper and others not credited (see Soundtrack). The film is in the public domain, and many prints exhibited on television are in black-and-white only, and do not include pre-Code material, such as nudity.

Millard Webb
Millard Webb (December 6, 1893 – April 21, 1935) was an American screenwriter and director who directed 20 films between 1920 and 1933. His best-known film is the 1926 silent John Barrymore adventure The Sea Beast, a version of Moby Dick, costarring Dolores Costello. Webb also directed the early sound Florenz Ziegfeld produced talkie Glorifying the American Girl released by Paramount in 1929. In 1927 he directed Naughty but Nice, produced by John McCormick and First National Pictures. His active years were from 1916 to 1933.

He was married to Lydia Stocking (1918–1923). Mary Eaton married Webb in 1929, but they separated.

He was born in Clay City, Kentucky, U.S., and died in Los Angeles, California of intestinal ailment at the age of 41.
John Pickel
John Pickel (before 1814 – 1860 or later) was a lawyer and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented William-Henry in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1834 until the suspension of the constitution in 1838.

He was the son of John Pickel, a Montreal merchant of German descent. Pickel was called to the bar in 1830 and practised in Montreal until 1848 when he moved his practice to Quebec City. In 1838, he married Georgianna Maria Pozer, the niece of Jacob Pozer.

Jacob Pozer
Jacob Pozer (1777 – October 15, 1822) was a businessman and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented William-Henry in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1812 to 1814.

He was born in Schoharie, New York or New York City, the son of Johann Georg "George" Pfotzer and Magdalen Sneider, and went to England with his parents in 1783. In 1785, the family came to Quebec City. Pozer entered his father's business, later going into business on his own. He operated a brewery leased from John Young and was also involved in farming and raising horses. Pozer lived in William Henry for a number of years. In 1802, he married Ann Dorge there. He was elected to the assembly in an 1812 by-election held after Edward Bowen was named to the bench; Pozer did not run for reelection in 1814. He died in Quebec City.

His niece Georgianna Maria Pozer married John Pickel.
Elliott H. Lieb
Elliott Hershel Lieb (born July 31, 1932) is an American mathematical physicist. He is a professor of mathematics and physics at Princeton University. Lieb's works pertain to quantum and classical many-body problem, atomic structure, the stability of matter, functional inequalities, the theory of magnetism and the Hubbard model.

Riesz rearrangement inequality
In mathematics, the Riesz rearrangement inequality, sometimes called Riesz–Sobolev inequality, states that any three non-negative functions ,  and  satisfy the inequality

where ,  and  are the symmetric decreasing rearrangements of the functions ,  and  respectively.