hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Max Frisch
Max Rudolf Frisch (German: [maks ˈfʁɪʃ] ⓘ; 15 May 1911 – 4 April 1991) was a Swiss playwright and novelist. Frisch's works focused on problems of identity, individuality, responsibility, morality, and political commitment. The use of irony is a significant feature of his post-war output. Frisch was one of the founders of Gruppe Olten. He was awarded the 1965 Jerusalem Prize, the 1973 Grand Schiller Prize, and the 1986 Neustadt International Prize for Literature.

Suhrkamp Verlag
Suhrkamp Verlag is a German publishing house, established in 1950 and is generally acknowledged as one of the leading European publishers of fine literature. Its roots go back to the "arianized" part of the S. Fischer Verlag.
In January 2010, the headquarters of the company moved from Frankfurt to Berlin. Suhrkamp declared bankruptcy in 2013, following a longstanding legal conflict between its owners. In 2015, economist Jonathan Landgrebe was announced as director.
Fund accounting
Fund accounting is an accounting system for recording resources whose use has been limited by the donor, grant authority, governing agency, or other individuals or organisations or by law. It emphasizes accountability rather than profitability, and is used by nonprofit organizations and by governments. In this method, a fund consists of a self-balancing set of accounts and each are reported as either unrestricted, temporarily restricted or permanently restricted based on the provider-imposed restrictions.

The label fund accounting has also been applied to investment accounting, portfolio accounting or securities accounting – all synonyms describing the process of accounting for a portfolio of investments such as securities, commodities and/or real estate held in an investment fund such as a mutual fund or hedge fund. Investment accounting, however, is a different system, unrelated to government and nonprofit fund accounting.

Permanent fund
In the United States, a permanent fund is one of the five types of governmental fund types established by accounting standard GASB 34. Permanent funds are legally restricted to disbursing investment income only, never principal.

A fund can only be classified as a permanent fund if it is being used to pay for services for the benefit of the public, e.g. a financial endowment to pay for government or non-profit schools or libraries. A government-owned permanent fund can also be considered a sovereign wealth fund.

Some permanent funds are used to generate and disburse money to those entitled to receive cash payments by qualification, such as Alaska citizens or residents that satisfy the rules for payment from the Alaska Permanent Fund from state oil revenues.
QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss
The QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss or in French use Canon Hotchkiss à tir rapide de 47 mm were a family of long-lived light 47 mm naval guns introduced in 1886 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines.  There were many variants produced, often under license, which ranged in length from 32 to 50 calibers but 40 caliber was the most common version.  They were widely used by the navies of a number of nations and often used by both sides in a conflict.  They were also used ashore as coastal defense guns and later as an anti-aircraft gun, whether on improvised or specialized HA/LA mounts.

ARA Libertad (Q-2)
ARA Libertad (Q-2) is a steel-hulled, full-rigged, class "A" sailing ship that serves as a school vessel in the Argentine Navy. One of the largest and fastest tall ships in the world, holder of several speed records, she was designed and built in the 1950s by the Río Santiago Shipyard, Ensenada, Argentina. Her maiden voyage was in 1961, and she continues to be a training ship with yearly instruction trips for the graduating naval cadets as well as a traveling goodwill ambassador, having covered more than 800,000 nautical miles (1,500,000 km) across all seas, visited about 500 ports in more than 60 countries, and trained more than 11,000 navy graduates.
Tecma FX
The Tecma FX is a French high-wing, single-place, hang glider that was designed and produced by Tecma Sport of La Roche-sur-Foron. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Tecma Sport
Tecma Sport is a French aircraft manufacturer based in Saint-Pierre-en-Faucigny and formerly in La Roche-sur-Foron. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of hang gliders and paragliders in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft. The company also makes ultralight trikes and hang glider harnesses.

The company seems to have been founded about 1982, when it produced the Tecma Mirage and Tecma Spirale hang glider models.

The company produces a wide range of hang gliders, including the Tecma F1 Tempo series and Tecma FX in the mid-2000s. The two-place Tecma Medium has been in production since 1985.
Nairn River
The Nairn River, also known as the Mangatukurewa Creek is a river in the Chatham Islands of New Zealand. Located in the southwest of Chatham Island, it runs north to reach the coast close to the southern end of Petre Bay. The main settlement of the Chatham Islands, Waitangi, stands close to the mouth of the Nairn River.

Waitangi, Chatham Islands
Waitangi (originally called  Waiteki by Moriori) is the main port and largest settlement of the Chatham Islands. It is situated on the southern shore of Petre Bay, on the west coast of the archipelago's main island. With a population of 177 in the 2018 census, Waitangi is by far the largest settlement on the archipelago, accounting for about 27% of the group's population of 663.
Coenzyme M
Coenzyme M is a coenzyme required for methyl-transfer reactions in the metabolism of archaeal methanogens, and in the metabolism of other substrates in bacteria. It is also a necessary cofactor in the metabolic pathway of alkene-oxidizing bacteria. CoM helps eliminate the toxic epoxides formed from the oxidation of alkenes such as propylene. The structure of this coenzyme was discovered by CD Taylor and RS Wolfe in 1974 while they were studying methanogenesis, the process by which carbon dioxide is transformed into methane in some archaea. The coenzyme is an anion with the formula HSCH2CH2SO−3.  It is named 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate and abbreviated HS–CoM.  The cation is unimportant, but the sodium salt is most available.  Mercaptoethanesulfonate contains both a thiol, which is the main site of reactivity, and a sulfonate group, which confers solubility in aqueous media.

Sulfonate
In organosulfur chemistry, a sulfonate is a salt or anion of a sulfonic acid. The formula for this functional group is RSO−3. Sulfonates are the conjugate bases of sulfonic acids. Sulfonates are generally stable in water, non-oxidizing, and colorless. Many useful compounds and even some biochemicals are sulfonates.  Most detergents and surfactants are sulfonates.  These include alkylbenzene sulfonates, 𝛼-olefin sulfonates, and paraffin sulfonates.
Madhupur, Deoghar
Madhupur is a town with a municipality in Deoghar district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is a subdivisional town, famous for the production of sweets and widely considered a popular health resort for tourists as the water and overall climate is said to cure many stomach and digestion ailments.

Madhupur College, Jharkhand
Madhupur College, established in 1966, is a public general degree college in Madhupur, Jharkhand, India. It offers undergraduate courses in arts, commerce and sciences. It is affiliated to Sido Kanhu Murmu University, and also officially recognised by UGC.
Ponazyrevsky District
Ponazyrevsky District (Russian: Пона́зыревский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kostroma Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,080 square kilometers (800 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Ponazyrevo. Population: 4,975 (2021 Census); 8,456 (2010 Census);  10,496 (2002 Census); 14,030 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ponazyrevo accounts for 61.4% of the district's total population.

Ponazyrevo
Ponazyrevo (Russian: Пона́зырево) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Ponazyrevsky District of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. Population:  4,840 (2010 Census); 4,988 (2002 Census); 5,621 (1989 Soviet census).
The Devil at Saxon Wall
The Devil at Saxon Wall is a 1935 mystery detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the sixth in her long-running series featuring the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. It was the first of a number of her books to feature the theme of witchcraft, the result of hearing a lecture about it from her friend Helen Simpson who she dedicated the novel to.

Mrs Bradley
Beatrice Adela Bradley is a fictional detective created by Gladys Mitchell. Mrs (later Dame Beatrice) Bradley is Mitchell's most significant and long-lived character, appearing in 66 novels that were published between 1929 and 1975.
Vaad Ha'ir Synagogue
The Vaad Ha'ir Synagogue (Spanish: Sinagoga Vaad Ha'ir) is a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the Centro neighbourhood of Montevideo, Uruguay.

The construction of this temple started in 1944, it was consecrated in 1948. It used to have a rich religious life during its first decades.

Centro, Montevideo
Centro is a barrio (neighbourhood or district) of Montevideo, Uruguay. Being the city's downtown area, it forms part of its central business district, along with the neighboring areas of Cordón and Ciudad Vieja. The neighborhood stretches from Plaza Independencia to the City Hall esplanade, with 18 de Julio Avenue as its main artery. It is home to key administrative buildings, entertainment venues, commercial spaces, and cultural landmarks, making it a vital hub for both business and tourism in the city. It is also known for its preserved European architecture.

It was the first neighborhood established outside the city walls following the demolition of the fortress in the early 19th century, which is why it was initially referred to as the Ciudad Nueva (Spanish for 'New City') as opposed to the Ciudad Vieja (Spanish for 'Old City'). It is politically located in the Municipality B, in the southwestern part of the Montevideo Department.
Akita Shoten
Akita Publishing Co., Ltd. (株式会社秋田書店, Kabushiki-gaisha Akita Shoten) is a Japanese publishing company headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It was founded by Teio Akita in 1948. As of May 2023, the company's president is Shigeru Higuchi. The company is known for publishing the manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Champion, which serialized works such as Osamu Tezuka's Black Jack, Keisuke Itagaki's Baki the Grappler, and Shinji Mizushima's Dokaben.

Princess (magazine)
Princess (Japanese: 月刊プリンセス, Hepburn: Gekkan Purinsesu) is a monthly Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Akita Shoten. It launched in December 1974 and is released on the sixth of each month. It has inspired several spin-off publications, including Bessatsu Viva Princess, renamed Viva Princess (1976–1990), Princess Gold (1979–2020); Bessatsu Princess (1990–1994); and Princess Gold's own spin-off, Petit Princess, launched in 2002 and published on the first of each month.
States of Nigeria
Nigeria is a federation of 36 states, each of which is a semi-autonomous political unit that shares power with the federal government as enumerated under the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. In addition to the states, there is the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), in which the capital city of Abuja is located. The FCT is not a state, but a territory of the federal government, governed by an administration headed by a minister. Each state is subdivided into local government areas (LGAs). There are 774 local governments in Nigeria. Under the Nigerian Constitution, the 36 states enjoy substantial autonomy but are not sovereign entities, as ultimate authority lies with the federal government. Amendments to the constitution can be proposed by the National Assembly, but for an amendment to be valid, it must be approved by a two-third majority of the 36 state legislatures, as required under Section 9 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria.

Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is a federal territory in central Nigeria. Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria, is located in this territory. The FCT was formed in 1976 from parts of the states of old Kaduna, Kwara, Niger, and Plateau states, with the bulk of land mass carved out of Niger state. The Federal Capital Territory is within the North Central region of the country. Unlike other states of Nigeria, which are headed by elected Governors, it is administered by the Federal Capital Territory Administration, headed by a minister, who is appointed by the president.
Kaensak Sor.Ploenjit
Pongsak Cheawchan (Thai: พงษ์ศักดิ์ เชี่ยวชาญ; born April 9, 1970), known professionally as Kaensak Sor.Ploenjit (Thai: แก่นศักดิ์ ส.เพลินจิต), is a Thai former professional Muay Thai fighter and boxer. He is a former Lumpinee Stadium and Rajadamnern Stadium champion at Flyweight, as well as the 1989 and 1990 Sports Writers Association of Thailand Fighter of the Year, who was famous in the 1980s and 1990s. Nicknamed the "Two-Time Fighter of the Year", he is often regarded as one of the greatest and most talented fighters in the history of Muay Thai.: 189

Singdam Or.Ukrit
Jongsomboon Yangsapyot (Thai: สมบูรณ์ ยังทรัพย์ยอด; born Somboon Yangsapyot; November 11, 1974), known professionally as Singdam Or.Ukrit (Thai: สิงห์ดำ อ.อุกฤษณ์) is a Thai former professional Muay Thai fighter. He was heralded as the greatest fighter in the bantamweight (118 lbs) division of the golden era of Muay Thai owing to his aggressive southpaw Muay Tae style (kicking style). His highly successful kicking ability resulted in the nickname of the "World-Ending Left Kicker" by the Thai media during his prime.

There are multiple ways to anglicize Singdam's name such as Singhdam Or. Aukritt, Singhadam Aor.Aukrit, Singdam O.Ukritt, etc.
Tigerna
A tiarna (Irish), tighearna  from the Old Irish tigerna, is a lord in the Gaelic world and languages. An Ard Tiarna is a "high lord", approximately equal in rank to a count or earl, although many of such higher rank still happen to prefer the title on its own.

Tierney is an anglicised version of the Irish surname  Mac Tighearnáin or O'Tighearnaigh, derived from the word.

In later Gaelic sources, for example the Annals of the Four Masters, the term has also been frequently used to replace the title Rí (king) in cases where the authors or current tradition no longer regarded earlier regional and local dynasts as proper kings, even when they are styled such in contemporary sources. Thus when encountered the term is not always to be trusted. In fact this was part of a wider change in the understanding of kingship in the later Middle Ages, and even a living or recently deceased rí might find himself downgraded in certain sources.

Rí
Rí, or commonly ríg (genitive), is an ancient Gaelic word meaning 'king'. It is used in historical texts referring to the Irish and Scottish kings, and those of similar rank. While the Modern Irish word is exactly the same, in modern Scottish Gaelic it is rìgh, apparently derived from the genitive. Cognates include Gaulish Rix, Latin rex/regis, Spanish rey, French roi, Sanskrit raja, and German Reich.

There were three grades of rí: a ruiri or 'overking' was a major, regional king and superior to a rí túath 'king of tribes' or a rí buiden 'king of bands' either of whom, in turn, were superior to several figures known as rí benn 'king of peaks' or rí túaithe 'king of a tribe'.
Henryk IX Starszy
Henryk IX Starszy (literally 'Henry IX the Elder'; probably between 1387 and 1392 – 11 November 1467) was Duke of Żagań-Głogów from 1397 to 1412 (as co-ruler with his brother), ruler of Szprotawa, Krosno Odrzańskie from 1412 to 1417, Świebodzin and half of Głogów (with his brothers as co-rulers), from 1417 ruler of Szprotawa, half of Głogów, from 1420 ruler of Kożuchów and Zielona Góra, from 1430 ruler of Krosno Odrzańskie and Świebodzin, and from 1446 Duke of Lubin.

He was the second son of Henry VIII the Sparrow, Duke of Głogów, by his wife Katharina, daughter of Duke Władysław of Opole.

Henry VIII the Sparrow
Henry VIII (VI) the Sparrow (Polish: Henryk VIII Wróbel; c. 1357 – 14 March 1397) was Duke of Żagań–Głogów from 1368 to 1378 (as a co-ruler with his brothers), after 1378 ruler over Zielona Góra, Szprotawa, Kożuchów, Przemków and Sulechów, and after 1395 ruler over half of Głogów, Ścinawa and Bytom Odrzański. He was the second son of Henry V the Iron, Duke of Żagań–Głogów, by his wife Anna, daughter of Duke Wenceslaus of Płock. The origin of his nickname "Sparrow" (Wróbel) is unknown.
Ministry of Health (Israel)
The Ministry of Health (Hebrew: מִשְׂרַד הַבְּרִיאוּת, translit. Misrad HaBri'ut) is a ministry in the Israeli government, responsible for formulating health policies. The ministry plans, supervises, licenses, and coordinates the country's health care services. In addition to overseeing health services provided by HCOs such as Kupat Holim, Maccabi et al and family health centers such as Tipat Halav, the ministry maintains general hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, mental health clinics, treatment programs for substance abuse, and facilities for the chronically ill.

Tipat Halav
Tipat Halav (Hebrew: טיפת חלב, lit. 'a drop of milk') is a network of primary healthcare centers in Israel. The centers provide post-natal well-baby and early childhood care to children across the county through the age of six. They offer well-baby checkups and vaccinations. The centers monitor children for developmental issues and public health concerns, as part of an effort to prevent childhood disease and mortality. New and prospective parents are also given assistance in learning about breastfeeding and child care, as well as to detect post-partum depression and domestic violence. The efforts of Tipat Halav resulted in a decline of more than 50% in infant mortality in pre-state Israel to among the world's lowest levels.
Orders, decorations, and medals of Israel
Israeli military decorations are the decorations awarded to soldiers in the Israel Defense Forces who exhibit extraordinary bravery and courage.
Its decorations consist of the Medal of Valor (the highest decoration in the IDF), the Medal of Courage, and the Medal of Distinguished Service. It also includes the Citations (Tzalash), which are awarded in four classes.

Two soldiers share the title of being the most decorated soldier of the IDF: Captain Nechemya Cohen (1943–1967), and General Ehud Barak (formerly Chief of Staff, later Prime Minister).

Medal of Courage
The Medal of Courage (Hebrew: עיטור העוז, Itur HaOz) is an Israeli military decoration. The medal is awarded for carrying out acts of gallantry at the risk of life, during combat duty. The medal was established in 1970 (though it has been given retroactively) by act of law in the Knesset.
Superior Air Parts
Superior Air Parts, Inc. is a Chinese-owned manufacturer of aviation piston engine replacement parts, headquartered in Coppell, Texas, United States. The company has been owned by Superior Aviation Beijing since 2010.

Superior Air Parts XP-382
The Superior Air Parts XP-382 is an aircraft engine, designed and produced by Superior Air Parts of Coppell, Texas, United States for use in homebuilt aircraft.

The company is owned by the Chinese company Superior Aviation Beijing, which is 60% owned by Chairman Cheng Shenzong and 40% owned by Beijing E-Town, an economic development agency of the municipal government of Beijing.
Rutilus heckelii
Rutilus heckelii is a species of freshwater and brackish water ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This species occurs in freshened areas of Black and Azov Seas, entering the river drainages that flow into those seas, as well as in some rivers draining into the Aegean Sea.

Rutilus
Rutilus, commonly known as roaches, is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This genus is a widely distributed lineage of leuciscids and ranges from West Europe to East Siberia.
Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County
Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County is an autonomous county, under the jurisdiction of Kunming, Yunnan, China, bordering Sichuan province to the north. As of the 2020 census the population was 378,881.

The county seat has two bus stations. The first is the long-distance Kunming-Luquan bus station, near the access to the G108 highway. The second is the local public bus station behind the Wuxinglu street market, with buses north to Maoshan, Tuanjie, Zhongping and Sayingpan, south to Songde, east to Cuihua and west to Wuding County.

Luquan County borders Xundian County and Dongchuan District to the east, Fumin County to the south, Wuding County to the west, and Huili and Huidong County of Sichuan across the Jinsha River to the north.

Dongchuan, Kunming
Dongchuan District is one of seven districts of the prefecture-level city of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China. The district was approved to form from the former Dongchuan City by the State Council  on December 6, 1998.
Backstay
A backstay is a piece of standing rigging on a sailing vessel that runs from the mast to either its transom or rear quarter, counteracting the forestay and jib. It is an important sail trim control and has a direct effect on the shape of the mainsail and the headsail. Backstays are generally adjusted by block and tackle, hydraulic adjusters, or lines leading to winches.

Forestay
On a sailing vessel, a forestay, sometimes just called a stay, is a piece of standing rigging which keeps a mast from falling backwards.  It is attached either at the very top of the mast, or in fractional rigs between about 1/8 and 1/4 from the top of the mast.  The other end of the forestay is attached to the bow of the boat.

Often a sail is attached to the forestay.  This sail may be a jib or a genoa.  In a cutter rig, the jib or jibs are flown from stays in front of the forestay, perhaps going from the masthead to a bowsprit.  The sail on the forestay is then referred to as the staysail or stays'l.

A forestay might be made from stainless steel wire on a modern yacht, solid stainless steel rod, carbon rod, or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (such as Spectra or Dyneema)  on a high-performance racing boat, and galvanised wire or natural fibers on an older cutter or square-rigged ship.
Helvie energy theory of nursing and health
The Helvie Energy Theory of Nursing and Health is a nursing theory developed by Carl O. Helvie's lifelong cross-cultural exposure to various ways of assessing, planning, implementing and evaluating health with application to individuals, families, and to specific communities across the world.

Following publication of an advanced practice registered nursing textbook using the theory as a framework, the theory was cited and discussed in graduate nursing textbooks, in graduate nursing courses and in nursing agency manuals. Likewise the Helvie Energy Theory has been widely appropriated for use in Alternative Health literature.

Nursing theory
Nursing theory is defined as "a creative and conscientious structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena". Through systematic inquiry in research and practice, nursing theory helps organize knowledge to improve patient care. In general terms, theory refers to a coherent set of concepts and propositions used to explain phenomena.