hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Danish colonization of the Americas
Denmark and the former real union of Denmark–Norway had a colonial empire from the 17th through to the 20th centuries, large portions of which were found in the Americas. Denmark and Norway in one form or another also maintained land claims in Greenland since the 13th century, the former up through the twenty-first century.

Royal Greenland Trading Department
The Royal Greenland Trading Department (Danish: Den Kongelige Grønlandske Handel, KGH) was a Danish state enterprise charged with administering the realm's settlements and trade in Greenland. The company managed the government of Greenland from 1774 to 1908 through its Board of Managers in Copenhagen and a series of Royal Inspectors and Governors in Godthaab and Godhavn on Greenland. The company was headquartered at Grønlandske Handels Plads at Christianshavn.

Following the introduction of home rule in Greenland in 1979, the company was reformed into several successors, including the KNI conglomerate, the Royal Greenland fishing company, and the Royal Arctic shipping company.
Jim Gama
Jim Petros Gama, known as Mbhokane (c.1933 - 13 March 2011), was a Swazi radio talk show host and the governor of Ludzidzini Royal Village, the home of the House of Dlamini, until the time of his death on 13 March 2011. As the governor of Ludzidzini, Gama chaired the royal Ludzidzini Council.

Gama rose to prominence in the early 1980s as the host of a radio talk show programme called Khalamdumbadumbane ("Problem-solving") for the state-owned Swaziland Broadcasting and Information Service (SBIS) radio station in Mbabane. Gama also hosted another popular radio show called Nasi-ke Siswati ("This is Siswati").

He first worked as a journalist for the Umbiki ("The Reporter"), the now defunct government-owned Siswati newspaper. He was then employed as a technician for SBIS before he introduced a popular problem solving talk show programme called Khalamdumbadumbane with co-host Bongani 'S’gcokosiyancinca' Dlamini.

Bongani Dlamini
Bongani Austin Dlamini (22 June 1956 – 20 August 2021), known as Sgcokosiyancinca, was a Swazi radio talk show host and television executive, best known for his role as co-host of a popular radio talk show called Khalamdumbadumbane and as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Swazi TV from 2011 until his retirement in January 2021.
BD+14 4559 b
BD+14 4559 b, named Pirx,  is an exoplanet orbiting the K-type main sequence star BD+14 4559 about 161 light-years (49 parsecs, or nearly 1.5×1015 km) from Earth in the constellation Pegasus. It orbits its star within the habitable zone at a distance of 0.777 AU, close to that of Venus, but its star is less energetic, thus its habitable zone is closer to it than Earth. The exoplanet was found by using the radial velocity method, from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.

The planet was named during the NameExoWorlds campaign by Poland. Pilot Pirx is a fictional character from stories by Polish science-fiction writer Stanisław Lem.

Pilot Pirx
Pilot Pirx is a fictional character introduced in 1966 in the science fiction stories of Polish writer Stanisław Lem: ten short stories (published in English in two parts, 1979's Tales of Pirx the Pilot and 1982's More Tales of Pirx the Pilot). Later he appeared in the novel Fiasco.

In the stories, Pirx is progressively depicted as a spaceship cadet, simply Pirx (which hurts his feelings because he had already become pilot and he'd rather be addressed as "pilot Pirx"), beginner pilot, a seasoned pilot, navigator, and finally, captain (komandor).

In 7 of the 10 stories Pirx acts in the role of Sherlock Holmes, to investigate mysterious events.

The last appearance of Pirx is in the first half of Lem's later novel Fiasco. The identity of the protagonist in the second half is never firmly established, but Pirx is one of the two possibilities. The bulk of the novel is set much further in the future, and it is vastly different from Lem's previous works.
Minami-Utsunomiya Station
Minami-Utsunomiya Station (南宇都宮駅, Minami-Utsunomiya-eki) is a railway station in the city of Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. The station is numbered "TN-39".

Utsunomiya
Utsunomiya (宇都宮市, Utsunomiya-shi; [ɯt͡sɯnomija] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of 1,232 persons per square kilometre (3,190/sq mi). The total area of the city is 416.85 km2 (160.95 sq mi). Utsunomiya is famous for its gyoza (pan fried dumplings). There are more than two hundred gyoza restaurants in Utsunomiya.

Greater Utsunomiya (宇都宮都市圏, Utsunomiya Toshi-ken) had a population of 888,005 in the 2000 census. The nearby city of Oyama is included in Greater Tokyo, but Greater Utsunomiya is not, despite the two areas amalgamating somewhat. It is the 10th most populated city in the Kantō region.
Foy & Gibson
Foy & Gibson, also known as Foy's and later Cox-Foys, was one of Australia's largest and earliest department store chains. A large range of goods were manufactured and sold by the company including clothing, manchester, leather goods, soft furnishings, furniture, hardware and food.

Rundle Street
Rundle Street, often referred to as "Rundle Street East" as distinct from Rundle Mall, is a street in the East End of the city centre of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. It runs from Pulteney Street to East Terrace, where it becomes Rundle Road through the East Park Lands. The street is close to Adelaide Botanic Gardens, Rundle Park, Rymill Park, Hindmarsh Square and North Terrace.

The street contains numerous cafés, restaurants,  shops, cinemas, clubs, and hotels. It is one of Adelaide's most popular streets for cafés and fashion. Most of the street has a heritage façade, but has been redeveloped for modern use, with some buildings converted to residences, such as the East End Markets.
Poppy Jasper International Film Festival
The Poppy Jasper International Film Festival (PJIFF) is a film festival based in Morgan Hill, California, founded in 2004 by L. Mattock Scariot. Poppy Jasper is an annual event produced by volunteers as part of Poppy Jasper, Inc., a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. The event is fourteen days of online and in-person film screenings, speaker panels and awards. It is named after the poppy jasper, a gem endemic to Morgan Hill.

MovieMaker Magazine named Poppy Jasper to its list of 25 Film Festivals Worth the Entry Fee.

Morgan Hill, California
Morgan Hill is a city in Santa Clara County, California, at the southern tip of Silicon Valley in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census, Morgan Hill had a population of 45,483. Morgan Hill is an affluent residential community, the seat of several high-tech companies, and a dining and recreational destination, owing to its luxury hospitality, wineries, and nature parks.
Old Time Relijun
Old Time Relijun is a band founded in Olympia, Washington, United States and a longtime member of K Records. Current members consist of Germaine Baca on drums, Aaron Hartman on upright bass, Ben Hartman on saxophones, and Arrington de Dionyso on electric guitar, vocals and bass clarinet. The reviews of the band are radically mixed among critics. Pitchfork Media gave a very critical review of their Uterus and fire album, while another praised the band for their "brilliance". The band first began recording under a home-made audio cassette label, Pine Cone Alley, and were later adopted by indie label K Records. Old Time Relijun are currently based in Portland, Oregon.

K Records
K Records is an independent record label in Olympia, Washington, founded in 1982. Artists on the label included early releases by Beck, Modest Mouse and Built to Spill. The record label has been called "key to the development of independent music" since the 1980s.

The label was founded by Beat Happening frontman Calvin Johnson and managed for many years by Candice Pedersen. Many early releases were on the cassette tape format, making the label one of the longest lasting reflections of the cassette culture of the 1970s and early 1980s. Although itself releasing primarily offbeat pop music and indie rock, the DIY label is regarded as one of the pioneers of riot grrrl movement and the second wave of American punk in the 1990s.
Avery Russell House
The Avery Russell House, also called the Martin-Russell House or the Campbell's Station Inn, is a historic home located at 11409 Kingston Pike in Farragut, Tennessee, United States.

The Federal-style, two-story brick structure was built by Samuel Martin as an inn around 1835, on the site of Captain David Campbell's 1787 blockhouse. Just before the Civil War, the inn was sold to Avery Russell, who then used it as a family residence.  It remained in the Russell family for six generations. During the Civil War Battle of Campbell's Station on November 16, 1863, the house served as a temporary hospital.

Although it has had several alterations, the house remains an example of rural East Tennessee architecture.  It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Farragut, Tennessee
Farragut is a suburban town located in Knox county in the State of Tennessee, United States. The town's population was 23,506 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Knoxville Metropolitan Area. The town is named in honor of Union Admiral David Farragut, who was born just east of Farragut at Campbell's Station in 1801, and fought in the American Civil War.
Gamilaraay language
The Gamilaraay or Kamilaroi language (Gamilaraay pronunciation: [ɡ̊aˌmilaˈɻaːj]) is a Pama–Nyungan language of the Wiradhuric subgroup found mostly in south-eastern Australia. It is the traditional language of the Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi), an Aboriginal Australian people. It has been noted as endangered, but the number of speakers grew from 87 in the 2011 Australian Census to 105 in the 2016 Australian Census. Thousands of Australians identify as Gamilaraay, and the language is taught in some schools.

Wirray Wirray, Guyinbaraay, Yuwaalayaay, Waalaraay and Gawambaraay are dialects; Yuwaalaraay/Euahlayi is a closely related language.

Peter Austin (linguist)
Peter Kenneth Austin, often cited as Peter K. Austin, is an Australian linguist, widely published in the fields of language documentation, syntax, linguistic typology and in particular, endangered languages and language revitalisation. After a long academic career in Australia, Hong Kong, the US, Japan, Germany and the UK, Austin is emeritus professor at SOAS University of London since retiring in December 2018.
Bringing Down the House (book)
Bringing Down the House: The Inside Story of Six MIT Students Who Took Vegas for Millions is a 2003 book by Ben Mezrich about a group of MIT card counters commonly known as the MIT Blackjack Team. Though the book is classified as non-fiction, The Boston Globe alleges that the book contains significant fictional elements, that many of the key events propelling the drama did not occur in real life, and that others were exaggerated greatly. The book was adapted into the movies 21 and The Last Casino.

Card counting
Card counting is a strategy in blackjack used to determine whether the player or the dealer has an advantage on the next hand. Card counters try to overcome the casino house edge by keeping a running count of high and low valued cards dealt. They generally bet more when they have an advantage and less when the dealer has an advantage. They also change playing decisions based on the composition of the deck and sometimes play in teams.
Deutschlandsender Herzberg/Elster
The Deutschlandsender III was a 500 kilowatt longwave transmitter, erected in 1938/39 near Herzberg, Brandenburg in Germany. Used for the Deutschlandsender radio broadcasts, the guyed mast reaching a height of 337 metres (1,106 feet) was the tallest construction in Europe and the second tallest in the world.

Deutschlandsender
Deutschlandsender (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃlantˌzɛndɐ], Radio Germany), abbreviated DLS or DS, was one of the longest-established radio broadcasting stations in Germany. The name was used between 1926 and 1993 to denote a number of powerful stations designed to achieve a nationwide coverage.
Franca Glacier
Franca Glacier (68°23′S 65°34′W﻿ / ﻿68.383°S 65.567°W﻿ / -68.383; -65.567) named after Fernando E. Franca, is a glacier in Antarctica, flowing northeast into the head of Solberg Inlet, Bowman Coast, to the south of Houser Peak. The glacier was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service, 1940, and the U.S. Navy, 1966. It was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1946–48, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1977 after Fernando E. Franca, Medical Officer and Station Manager, Palmer Station, 1974.

Houser Peak
Houser Peak (68°22′S 65°33′W﻿ / ﻿68.367°S 65.550°W﻿ / -68.367; -65.550) is a peak, 1,080 metres (3,540 ft) high, between Tofani Glacier and Franca Glacier at the head of Solberg Inlet, Bowman Coast, Antarctica. The peak was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service, 1940, the U.S. Navy, 1966, and was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1946–48. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1977 for Elaine Houser, an administrative officer with Holmes and Narver, Inc., which from the 1968–69 season through 1979–80, provided engineering, construction, and general support services to United States Antarctic Research Program stations in Antarctica.
Samantha DeCorte
Samantha Momilani DeCorte (born 1979 or 1980) is an American politician serving as a member of the Hawaii Senate for the 22nd district. A Republican, she was elected and assumed office on November 5, 2024.

In 2022, DeCorte ran for state senate in the 22nd district and narrowly lost to the Democratic incumbent, Maile Shimabukuro, by just 40 votes. She ran again in 2024 and won by 1,134 votes, having defeated Democrat Cedric Gates.

DeCorte has worked at the Hawaii Department of Transportation and served as a community leader at Word of Life Christian Center.

Cedric Gates
Cedric Solosolo Asuega Gates is a politician who served as a member Hawaii House of Representatives for the 45th district from 2022 to 2024, previously representing the 44th district from 2016 to 2022, as a member of the Democratic Party.
Oulaya Amamra
Oulaya Amamra (born 12 November 1996) is a French actress known for starring in the 2016 films Divines and Tamara. She won the César Award for Most Promising Actress and the Lumière Award for Best Female Revelation for Divines.

César Award for Best Female Revelation
The César Award for Best Female Revelation (French: César de la meilleure révélation féminine) is one of the César Awards, presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding breakthrough performance of a young actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie, within a group of 16 actresses previously shortlisted by the Révélations Committee.

It was presented as the César du meilleur jeune espoir féminin from 1983 to 2004 and the César du meilleur espoir féminin from 2005 to 2023. In English, the award was variously referred to as Most Promising Actress or Best Female Newcomer.
Beyranvand-e Shomali Rural District
Beyranvand-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان بيرانوند شمالي) is in Beyranvand District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Bid Hal. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Khar Eshgaft.

Khar Eshgaft
Khar Eshgaft (Persian: خراشگفت) is a village in, and the former capital of, Beyranvand-e Shomali Rural District of Beyranvand District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan province, Iran. The capital of the rural district has been transferred to the village of Bid Hal.
Guangzhou TV Tower
Guangzhou TV Tower is a 217 m (712 ft) lattice telecommunication tower in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou with an observation deck, erected in 1991.

A newer 618 m (2,028 ft) tower was completed in Guangzhou in October 2010, named Canton Tower that initially bore the name Guangzhou TV and Sightseeing Tower. It features observation decks on floors 107 and 108.

Canton Tower
The Canton Tower (Chinese: 广州塔), formally Guangzhou TV Astronomical and Sightseeing Tower (Chinese: 广州电视台天文及观光塔), is a 600 m (1,969 ft)-tall multipurpose observation tower in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou (alternatively romanized as Canton). The tower was topped out in 2009 and it became operational on 29 September 2010 in time for the 2010 Asian Games. The tower briefly held the title of tallest tower in the world, replacing the CN Tower, before being surpassed by the Tokyo Skytree. It was the tallest structure in China prior to the topping out of the Shanghai Tower on 3 August 2013, and is now the second-tallest tower and the fifth-tallest freestanding structure in the world.
Harzer Wandernadel
The Harzer Wandernadel is a system of hiking awards in the Harz mountains in central Germany.  Hikers (or mountain bikers) can earn awards at different levels of challenge by walking to the various checkpoints in the network and stamping their passbooks to record the visit. With 222 checkpoints in three federal states and across five districts in the Harz and with membership in five figures, the system has gained a following Germany-wide.

Rappbode Dam
The Rappbode Dam (German: Rappbode-Talsperre) is the largest dam in the Harz region as well as the highest dam in Germany. Built between 1952 and 1959, it  consists  of a dam, waterworks, hydroelectric power station and reservoir. Together with several other dams and retention basins, it forms the flood protection system for the eastern Harz.
Kinocilium
A kinocilium is a special type of cilium on the apex of hair cells located in the sensory epithelium of the vertebrate inner ear. Contrasting with stereocilia, which are numerous, there is only one kinocilium on each hair cell. The kinocilium can be identified by its apical position as well as its enlarged tip.

Together with stereocilia, the kinocilium regulates depolarization and hyperpolarization of the hair cell, which is a neuron that can generate action potentials. When the stereocilia and kinocilium move further apart, the cell hyperpolarizes. When they move closer together, the cell depolarizes and may fire an action potential.

Stereocilia (inner ear)
In the inner ear, stereocilia are the mechanosensing organelles of hair cells, which respond to fluid motion in numerous types of animals for various functions, including hearing and balance. They are about 10–50 micrometers in length and share some similar features of microvilli. The hair cells turn the fluid pressure and other mechanical stimuli into electric stimuli via the many microvilli that make up stereocilia rods. Stereocilia exist in the auditory and vestibular systems.
Black Lake Falls
Black Lake Falls (Polish: Czarnostawiańska Siklawa) is a waterfall located in the Tatra National Park, High Tatras, Poland, dropping a total of approximately 40 metres (130 ft). The waterfall has been formed on the Black Lake Stream (Polish: Czarnostawiański Potok) in the Rybi Potok Valley and flows out of Lake Czarny Staw pod Rysami located over Lake Morskie Oko. The waterfall falls down in two main cascades, the upper one lies at 1,570 metres (5,150 ft) above sea level while the lower one is at 1,460 metres (4,790 ft).

High Tatras
The High Tatras or High Tatra Mountains (Slovak: Vysoké Tatry; Polish: Tatry Wysokie; Rusyn: Высокы Татры, Vŷsokŷ Tatrŷ; German: Hohe Tatra; Hungarian: Magas-Tátra), are a mountain range along the border of northern Slovakia in the Prešov Region, and southern Poland in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. They are a range of the Tatra Mountains chain.
Aldimir
Aldimir (Bulgarian: Алдимир) or Eltimir (Елтимир) (fl. 1280–1305) was a Bulgarian noble of the 13th–14th century. A member of the Terter dynasty and a younger brother of Tsar George I Terter, Aldimir was an influential local ruler as the despot of Kran. Aldimir rose to that position under his brother George, though as Smilets assumed the throne he was forced into exile. At the turn of the 14th century, Aldimir returned to Bulgaria as an ally of the regent widowed consort Smiltsena. He did not oppose the accession of his nephew Theodore Svetoslav and even assisted him in ousting his contenders. However, he was promptly eliminated by Theodore Svetoslav when he betrayed him to ally with the Byzantines.

Terter dynasty
The House of Terter (Bulgarian: Тертер), also Terterids or Terterovtsi (Тертеровци), was a Bulgarian noble and royal house of Cuman origin, a branch of the Cuman noble dynasty of Terteroba, that ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire between 1280 and 1292, as well as between 1300 and 1323.
Yahoo Inc. (2017–present)
Yahoo Inc. (sometimes stylized as Yahoo! Inc.) is an American multinational technology company that focuses on media and online business. Its major products include Yahoo, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Sports, Yahoo Native, and Engadget.

After acquiring the company in 2017 for $4.48 billion, Verizon folded the company into a subsidiary called Oath Inc. In December 2018, Verizon announced it would write-down the combined value of its purchases of AOL and Yahoo by $4.6 billion, roughly half; the company was renamed Verizon Media the following month in January 2019.

In September 2021, funds managed by Apollo Global Management acquired 90% of the company for roughly $5 billion; Verizon retained a 10% stake in the company.

Yahoo Inc. was formed on February 8, 2006 as part of a corporate restructure. It is organized in Delaware and is headquartered in Manhattan, New York.

Jim Lanzone became CEO of Yahoo in 2021.

Tumblr
Tumblr (/ˈtʌmblər/ TUM-blər) is a microblogging and social media platform founded by David Karp in 2007 and is owned by American company Automattic. The service allows users to post multimedia and other content to a short-form blog. It was also noted for being socially progressive in the 2010s.
Nagasaki Airport
Nagasaki Airport (長崎空港, Nagasaki Kūkō) (IATA: NGS, ICAO: RJFU) is an airport located off the coast of Ōmura, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. The airport was the first airport in the world to be built on the ocean, using an existing small island located in the center of Ōmura Bay, with land areas that were fully reclaimed.

Nagasaki Airport was built to replace the former airport called Omura Airport, which was located on the mainland and had a shorter runway of 1,200 metres (3,900 ft). The former airport was transferred to the Japan Self-Defense Force in 2011, and was renamed into Omura Air Base.

Oriental Air Bridge, a regional airline is based at the airport.

Ōmura, Nagasaki
Ōmura (大村市, Ōmura-shi) is a city located in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. As of June 1, 2024, the city had an estimated population of  99,337, and a population density of 780 people per km2. The total area of the city is 126.73 km2 (48.93 sq mi)
Brass band
A brass band is a musical ensemble generally consisting primarily of brass instruments, most often with a percussion section. Ensembles that include brass and woodwind instruments can in certain traditions also be termed brass bands (particularly in the context of New Orleans and Japan–style brass bands), but may be more correctly termed military bands, concert bands, or "brass and reed" bands.

Dirty Dozen Brass Band
The Dirty Dozen Brass Band is an American brass band based in New Orleans, Louisiana. The ensemble was established in 1977, by Benny Jones and members of the Tornado Brass Band. The Dirty Dozen incorporated funk and bebop into the traditional New Orleans jazz style, and has since been a major influence on local music. In 2023, they won the Grammy Award for Best American Roots Performance.