hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lincoln Heritage Handicap
The Lincoln Heritage Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually at Arlington Park in Arlington Heights, Illinois. An ungraded stakes raced on turf open to fillies and Mares, age three and older, it is contested over a distance of 1+1⁄16 miles (8.5 furlongs).

The 2009 edition had to be moved to the main track's Polytrack synthetic dirt.

Inaugurated in 1976 as the Anita Peabody Handicap, in 1998 it was renamed the Lincoln Heritage Handicap.

In 1980, 1981, 1984, and in 1988, the race was run in two divisions.

Since inception, the race has been contested at various distances on both dirt and turf:

1 mile : 1976, 1987, on turf

1 mile : 1985, 1988, on dirt at Hawthorne Race Course

7⁄8 mile : 1977–1978 on dirt

1+1⁄16 miles : 1980, on dirt

1+1⁄16 miles : 1979–1984, 1986, 1989–2008, on turf

1+1⁄16 miles : 2009, on Polytrack synthetic dirt

Arlington Park
Arlington Park (formerly known as Arlington International Racecourse) was a Thoroughbred race track in the Chicago suburb of Arlington Heights, Illinois, United States. Once called the Arlington Park Jockey Club, it was located adjacent to the Illinois Route 53 expressway and serviced by the Chicago and North Western Railway.

On February 15, 2023, the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL) completed their purchase of the Arlington Park property. The team may build a stadium on the site for its home games.

In August 2025, the racetrack was fully demolished, and the Chicago Bears confirmed their plan for a new stadium at the site.
191st (Southern Alberta) Battalion, CEF
The 191st (South Alberta) Battalion, CEF, was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Macleod, Alberta, the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915/16 in that town and the surrounding district.  After sailing to England in March 1917, the battalion was absorbed into the 21st Reserve Battalion on June 9, 1917.  The 191st (South Alberta) Battalion, CEF, had one officer commanding: Lieutenant-Colonel Willoughby C. Bryan.

Perpetuation of the 191st Battalion was assigned in 1920 to the 7th Battalion of The Alberta Regiment. When that regiment split in two in 1924, the 3rd Battalion of the North Alberta Regiment carried on the perpetuation. The North Albertas disbanded in 1936.

In 1929, the battalion was awarded the theatre of war honour The Great War, 1917.

Alberta Regiment
The Alberta Regiment was a short-lived infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). The regiment was formed by the reorganization of the 103rd Calgary Rifles into two separate regiments and the incorporation of a number of Canadian Expeditionary Force battalions into the peacetime militia. In 1924, the regiment was split into two separate regiments: The South Alberta Regiment (now part of The South Alberta Light Horse) and The North Alberta Regiment (disbanded in 1936).
Lankaran International Airport
Lankaran International Airport (Azerbaijani: Lənkəran Beynəlxalq Hava Limanı), (IATA: LLK, ICAO: UBBL) is an airport serving Lankaran, a city in Azerbaijan in the south-east of Azerbaijan. Reconstruction of the Lankaran airport started in 2005 and finished in 2008, when the Lankaran airport received the status of an international airport.

Lankaran
Lankaran (Azerbaijani: Lənkəran, (listen)ⓘ) or Lánkon (Talysh: Lánkon) is a city in Azerbaijan, on the coast of the Caspian Sea, near the southern border with Iran. As of 2021, the city had a population of 89,300. It is next to, but independent of, Lankaran District. The city forms a distinct first-order division of Azerbaijan.
Scram
A scram or SCRAM is an emergency shutdown of a nuclear reactor effected by terminating the fission reaction. It is also the name that is given to the manually operated kill switch that initiates the shutdown. In commercial reactor operations, this type of shutdown is often referred to as a "scram" at boiling water reactors and a "reactor trip" at pressurized water reactors. In many cases, a scram is part of the routine shutdown procedure which serves to test the emergency shutdown system.

Nuclear chain reaction
In nuclear physics, a nuclear chain reaction occurs when one single nuclear reaction causes an average of one or more subsequent nuclear reactions, thus leading to the possibility of a self-propagating series or "positive feedback loop" of these reactions. The specific nuclear reaction may be the fission of heavy isotopes (e.g., uranium-235, 235U). A nuclear chain reaction releases several million times more energy per reaction than any chemical reaction.
Amavasu dynasty
The Amavasu dynasty (Sanskrit: अमावसुवंश, romanized: Amāvasuvaṃśa) refers to a cadet branch of the Lunar dynasty (Chandravamsha) featured in Hindu literature. This dynasty is named after Amavasu, the youngest son of Pururavas, the first monarch of the Lunar dynasty, and the apsara Urvashi.

Vishvamitra
Vishvamitra (Sanskrit: विश्वामित्र, IAST: Viśvāmitra) is one of the most venerated rishis or sages of ancient India. Vishvamitra is one of the seven Brahmarshi.  According to Hindu tradition, he is stated to have written most of the Mandala 3 of the Rigveda, including the Gayatri Mantra (3.62.10). The Puranas mention that only 24 rishis since antiquity have understood the whole meaning of —and thus wielded the whole power of — the Gayatri Mantra. Vishvamitra is supposed to have been the first, and Yajnavalkya the last.

Before renouncing his kingdom and royal status, Brahmarishi Vishvamitra was a king, and thus he retained the title of Rajarshi, or 'royal sage'.
Sa Đéc
Sa Đéc is an old Provincial city in Đồng Tháp Province in the Mekong Delta of southern Vietnam.  It is a river port and agricultural and industrial trading center. The Sa Đéc economic zone consists of Châu Thành, Lai Vung and Lấp Vò districts.

As of January 2018, the city has a population of approximately 202,046. There are three industrial zones, designated by the codes A, C1, and C. They attract many business people from the Mekong Delta region.

Lai Vung district
Lai Vung is a district of Đồng Tháp province, formally called Đức Thành District in Sa Đéc province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. This place was dubbed the "Kingdom of Mandarin Oranges".

As of 2003 the district had a population of 160,125. The district covers an area of 220 km2 (85 sq mi). The district capital lies at Lai Vung township. This district is famous for its mandarin orange which usually ripens during the Tết holiday season and for the master boat craftsmen in Long Hậu commune. Other specialities are Nem Lai Vung - a kind of fermented pork - and Phong Hòa pomelo.
Khurmal District
Khurmal District (Sorani Kurdish: قەزای خورماڵ, romanized: Qezay Xurmal) is a district of the Halabja Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Its capital is the city of Khurmal. It is entirely populated by Kurds.

Halabja Governorate
Halabja Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەڵەبجە, romanized: Parêzgay Helebceyê, Arabic: محافظة حلبجة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalabja) is a governorate in the semi-autonomous region of Kurdistan Region in Iraq. The governorate was established in 2014, splitting off from Sulaymaniyah Governorate and becoming the fourth governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Its capital is the city of Halabja. Halabja Governorate is the least populated governorate.

Although officially recognized by Kurdistan Regional Government, the Iraqi government had not officially recognized it until April 14th 2025 due to postponing of the hearing regarding its status multiple times by the Council of Representatives of Iraq, which is the only legislature in Iraq capable of declaring it as such.

On April 14, 2025, the Iraqi government officially recognized Halabja as its 19th province of Iraq. The Kurdistan Region has also recognized it as the 4th Governorate of the Kurdistan Region before.
WPLR
WPLR (99.1 MHz, also known as "99.1 PLR"), licensed to New Haven, Connecticut, is a mainstream rock station owned by Connoisseur Media as of May 10, 2013. The station's playlist includes rock music from the 1970s to the early 2000s.

The station, which first went on the air in 1948 as WNHC-FM, has a history as a pioneer in the AOR format, with which it has closely identified since its inception in the early 1970s.

WPLR's studios are located on Wheelers Farms Road in Milford alongside other Connoisseur radio stations. Previously, the studios were located on Dixwell Avenue in Hamden and prior to that the offices and studios were located on Chapel Street in New Haven. The station's transmitter is located on Madmare Mountain in Hamden near the WTNH transmitter site.

WTNH
WTNH (channel 8) is a television station licensed to New Haven, Connecticut, United States, serving the Hartford–New Haven market as an affiliate of ABC. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group alongside MyNetworkTV affiliate WCTX (channel 59), also licensed to New Haven. WTNH and WCTX share studios on Elm Street in downtown New Haven; per a channel sharing agreement, the two stations transmit using WTNH's spectrum from a tower in Hamden, Connecticut.
Carcassonne: The Castle
Carcassonne: The Castle is a two-player German board game.  It is designed by Reiner Knizia, although Carcassonne series creator Klaus-Jürgen Wrede is also credited.  Like other games in the Carcassonne series, it is published by Hans im Gluck in German and Rio Grande Games in English.

Unlike other games in the series, The Castle is solely designed for head-to-head play.  Although the main game mechanic of tile placement is retained, players are also additionally confined by the fixed board layout.  The Castle is focused on the interior of a castle that is said to be situated in the middle of Carcassonne, a medieval walled city in France.

A downloadable expansion called The Falcon was released in 2015.

Carcassonne (board game)
Carcassonne (/ˌkɑːrkəˈsɒn/) is a tile-based German-style board game for two to five players, designed by Klaus-Jürgen Wrede and published in 2000 by Hans im Glück in German and by Rio Grande Games (until 2012) and Z-Man Games (currently) in English. It received the Spiel des Jahres and the Deutscher Spiele Preis awards in 2001.

It is named after the medieval fortified town of Carcassonne in southern France, famed for its city walls. The game has spawned many expansions and spin-offs, and several PC, console, and mobile versions. A new edition, with updated artwork on the tiles and the box, was released in 2014.
Water usage effectiveness
Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE) is a sustainability metric created by The Green Grid in 2011 to attempt to measure the amount of water used by datacenters to cool their IT assets.
To calculate simple WUE, a data center manager divides the annual site water usage in liters by the IT equipment energy usage in kilowatt hours (Kwh). Water usage includes water used for cooling, regulating humidity and producing electricity on-site.  More complex WUE calculations are available from The Green Grid website.

The Green Grid
The Green Grid is a nonprofit, industry consortium of end-users, policy-makers, technology providers, facility architects, and utility companies collaborating to improve the resource efficiency of data centers.

As business demands increase, so does the number of data center facilities which house a rising amount of IT equipment. Data center managers run into resource limits on electrical power, cooling, and space.
Polikarpov R-5
The Polikarpov R-5 (Russian: Р-5) was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s. It was the standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Soviet Air Force for much of the 1930s, while also being used heavily as a civilian light transport, some 7,000 being built in total.

PV-1 machine gun
PV-1 (Pulemet Vozdushny, airborne machine gun, Russian: ПВ-1) is a Soviet air-cooled version of the Russian M1910 Maxim for mounting on aircraft. It was designed between 1926 and 1927. The first prototypes were produced and accepted into service in 1928.
Guildayichthys
Guildayichthys is an extinct genus of marine fish that belonged to the order Guildayichthyiformes that lived in Montana during the Mississippian. It is a monospecific genus with the only species in this genus being Guildayichthys carnegiei. It has a highly compressed, discoidal body. It also has short teeth.

It was named after John Guilday who was a curator at the Fossil Mammals of Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was named after Guilday for his "unique appreciation of the beauty of life".

Guildayichthyidae
Guildayichthyidae is a extinct family of marine fish from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana. It is the only family in the order Guildayichthyiformes. Guildayichthyids possess an uncommon mixture of primitive and modern characteristics in their skull bones.

Their taxonomy has long been debated, with studies placing them within the Neopterygii, while others placed them within the Cladistia. A 2025 study found them to most likely be the sister group to the extinct Bobasatraniiformes, with the two forming an early-diverging clade within the crown group Actinopterygii.
Akalla metro station
Akalla is a station on the Stockholm metro in the Akalla district of Stockholm. The station was opened on 5 June 1977 as the northern terminus of the extension of the Blue line from Hallonbergen. This is the final stop on Line 11 of the Blue Line.

As part of Art in the Stockholm metro project, the station features an ochre coloured grotto. The work includes ceramic pictures
illustrating the ideals, daily life, leisure and work of all people, created by Birgit Ståhl-Nyberg in 1977.

Hallonbergen metro station
Hallonbergen is a station on the blue line of the Stockholm metro, located in Sundbyberg. The station was opened on 31 August 1975 as part the first stretch of the Blue Line between T-Centralen and Hjulsta. The trains were running to Hallonbergen and then continued to Rinkeby via a track which is currently used for the rail yard access. On 5 June 1977, the extension north to Akalla was opened.  The station's interior is covered with art intending to mimic kids' paintings done by Elis Eriksson and Gösta Wallmark.
Between 1975 until 1985 Hallonbergen was the branching point for the Akalla and Hjulsta lines, as evident from its three-track layout. On 18 August 1985 the extension from Västra skogen to Rinkeby was opened, and the stretch between Hallonbergen and Rinkeby was closed for passenger traffic.
Jim Buss
James Hatten Buss (born November 9, 1959) is an American sports executive. He is a part-owner and former executive vice president of basketball operations of the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is the son of former Lakers owner Jerry Buss. Buss was president of the Los Angeles Lazers professional indoor soccer team from 1985 to 1989. He later trained thoroughbred race horses for nine years before joining the Lakers in 1998 as an assistant general manager. He was promoted to vice president of basketball operations in 2005. After his father died in 2013, his controlling ownership of the Lakers passed to his children via a family trust, with each child receiving an equal interest.

Mitch Kupchak
Mitchell Kupchak (born May 24, 1954) is an American professional basketball executive and retired player. He is the former president of basketball operations and general manager of the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). As a college player, Kupchak was an All-American at the University of North Carolina and a member of the gold medal-winning 1976 United States Olympic team. As a professional player, he won three NBA titles – one as a member of the Washington Bullets and two with the Los Angeles Lakers.
Great Mell Fell
Great Mell Fell (Bare hill, with the later additions of both "Fell" and "Great") is an isolated hill or fell in the English Lake District, north of Ullswater and adjacent to the Eastern Fells. It rises from a level plain to a height of 537 m. Its top is a viewpoint for many of the surrounding higher fells. The fell is now owned and managed by the National Trust and offers a place of quiet refuge.

The fell was once well wooded, and retains a good covering of trees on the lower slopes, as well as scattered larches and pines higher up. Its rock is unusual for the Lake District, a reddish conglomerate of Devonian age, which has been eroded to form a rounded hill with smooth outlines and no rocky crags.

Eastern Fells
The Eastern Fells  are a part of the Cumbrian Mountains in the Lake District of England. Centred on Helvellyn they primarily comprise a north–south ridge running between Ullswater and Lakeland's Central Valley.
Deerskin (novel)
Children and Young Adult Literature portal

Deerskin is a dark fantasy novel by Robin McKinley, first published in 1993.  It is based on an old French fairy tale by Charles Perrault called Peau d'âne (English translation: Donkeyskin). It was nominated for the Mythopoeic Fantasy Award for Adult Literature.

The book contains numerous adult themes including incest, rape, and miscarriage. It features McKinley's typical protagonist, the resourceful heroine overcoming psychological trauma, and her favored motif of the animal helper.

Donkeyskin
"Donkeyskin" (French: Peau d'Âne) is a French literary fairytale written in verse by Charles Perrault. It was first published in 1695 in a small volume and republished in 1697 in Perrault's Histoires ou contes du temps passé. Andrew Lang included it, somewhat euphemized, in The Grey Fairy Book. It is classed among folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 510B, unnatural love.
Los Alamitos, California
Los Alamitos (lohs AL-ə-MEE-tohs; Spanish for 'the little cottonwoods') is a city in Orange County, California, which was incorporated in March 1960. Its population was 11,780 in the 2020 census, up from 11,449 in 2010. A significant part of the city is occupied by Joint Forces Training Base – Los Alamitos, and it hosts the USA Water Polo National Aquatic Center.

Joint Forces Training Base – Los Alamitos
Joint Forces Training Base – Los Alamitos is a joint base in Los Alamitos, California, United States. Formerly operated as a Naval Air Station, the base contains the Los Alamitos Army Airfield and is sometimes called by that name.  The base is also known as JFTB – Los Al or just JFTB. The base covers 1,319 acres and "supports 850 full-time employees and more than 6,000 National Guard and Reserve troops."
Vadsø Church
Vadsø Church (Norwegian: Vadsø kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vadsø Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the town of Vadsø. It is the main church for the Vadsø parish which is part of the Varanger prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The gray, concrete church was built in a long church style in 1958 by the architect Magnus Poulsson. The church seats about 480 people.

Vadsø Municipality
Vadsø (Norwegian: [ˈvɑ̂dsøː] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Čáhcesuolu; Kven: Vesisaari) is a  municipality in Finnmark County, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Vadsø, which is also the administrative centre of Finnmark county. Other settlements in Vadsø include Ekkerøy, Kiby, Krampenes, Skallelv, Valen, and Vestre Jakobselv.

The 1,258-square-kilometre (486 sq mi) municipality is the 83rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vadsø is the 166th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,807. The municipality's population density is 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (12/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems
Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems is a 1971 book by Jerome Ravetz. It contains a reasoned illustration of science as a social process with all the failings and imperfections of other human endeavors.

Jerome Ravetz
Jerome (Jerry) Ravetz is a philosopher of science.  He is best known for his books analysing scientific knowledge from a social and ethical perspective, focusing on issues of quality.  He is the co-author (with Silvio Funtowicz) of the NUSAP notational system and of Post-normal science.  He is currently an Associate Fellow at the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, University of Oxford.
Deutsche Schule Lima Alexander von Humboldt
Deutsche Schule Alexander von Humboldt Lima (Spanish: Colegio Peruano Alemán Alexander von Humboldt) is a German international school with two campuses in Lima, Peru: one in Miraflores and one in Surco, with a recreational centre in Huampaní. The school serves levels from Kindergarten through Abitur and the Peruvian bachillerato.

It was established in March 1910 after decades of organization. Its first director was Erich Zurkalowski. The school was closed from 1942 to 1952 due to World War II and reopened under its current name.

Santiago de Surco
Santiago de Surco, commonly known simply as Surco, is a district of Lima, Peru. It is bordered on the north with the district of Ate Vitarte and La Molina; on the east with San Juan de Miraflores, on the west with San Borja, Surquillo, Miraflores and Barranco, and on the south with Chorrillos.

Due to its relatively large area, it is a very heterogeneous district, having inhabitants belonging to all socio-economic levels.

The northern parts of Santiago de Surco, which are close to the districts of La Molina and San Borja, are known as Monterrico and Chacarilla, and considerably more developed than the southern side of the district, having more upper-class housing and all four major shopping centers of the district.
Karur Junction railway station
Karur Junction railway station (station code: KRR) is an NSG–4 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a junction station located in the city of Karur in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated along with Erode and Tiruchirapalli. The station is a junction for incoming trains from Tiruchirappalli, Salem and Dindigul towards Jolarpettai–Chennai line through Erode Junction.

Dindigul Junction railway station
Dindigul Junction railway station (station code: DG) is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. The station serves the city of Dindigul, located in Dindigul district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Butyramide
Butyramide is the amide of butyric acid.  It has the molecular formula C3H7CONH2.  It is a white solid that is freely soluble in water and ethanol, but slightly soluble in diethyl ether. At room temperature, butyramide is a crystalline solid and in contrast to butyric acid, it is devoid of an unpleasant, rancid smell.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.