hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abingdon Bridge
Abingdon Bridge crosses the River Thames at the town of Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England. It carries the A415 road from Abingdon to Dorchester, Oxfordshire, over the reach of the Thames between Culham Lock and Abingdon Lock.

The bridge is actually two bridges, linked by Nag's Head Island. Abingdon Bridge is the northern part towards the town which has six arches and crosses the backwater and mill stream. The southern part is technically called Burford Bridge and has one main arch and four minor arches at the river and two minor arches on the floodplain. This crosses the main navigation channel. Furthermore, to complete the Thames crossing, Culham Bridge crossing the Swift Ditch should also be considered as an extension.

J. J. Leeming
John Joseph Leeming (1899 – 1981) was a British civil engineer and traffic engineer. He forwarded controversial ideas for the causes of, and remedies for, road traffic accidents (RTAs), including the notion that drivers should not always be assumed to be at fault.
Milford, Delaware
Milford is a city in Kent and Sussex counties in the U.S. state of Delaware. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 11,190 people and 4,356 households in the city.

The Kent County portion of Milford is part of the Dover metropolitan area and the Delaware Valley metropolitan area, while the Sussex County portion is part of the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Sussex County, Delaware
Sussex County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of Delaware, on the Delmarva Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, the population was 237,378, making it the state's second most populated county behind New Castle and ahead of Kent. The county seat is Georgetown.

The first European settlement in the state of Delaware was founded by the Dutch in 1631 near the present-day town of Lewes on the Atlantic Coast. However, Sussex County was not organized until 1683 under English colonial rule.

Sussex County forms the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Asen dynasty
The House of Asen, also Asen dynasty or the Asenids (Bulgarian: Асеневци, romanized: Asenevtsi, scientific transliteration: Asenevci), founded and ruled a medieval Bulgarian state, called in modern historiography the Second Bulgarian Empire, between 1185 and 1280.

The Asen dynasty rose as the leaders of Bulgaria after a rebellion against the Byzantine Empire at the turn of the year 1185/1186 caused by the increase in Imperial taxes. Some members of the Asen family entered Byzantine service in the thirteenth to fourteenth centuries. While the name Asen (Асен, medieval orthography: Асѣнь, Asěn) was originally used as a personal name in Bulgaria—usually paired with a Christian baptismal name—in foreign contexts, both Byzantine and Western, it quickly assumed the role of a family name, most notably among the Byzantine family Asan or Asanēs, descended from Ivan Asen III. The name also occurs as a family name in modern Greek, and could go back to the same name. Their origin is obscure.

Ashina tribe
The Ashina (Chinese: 阿史那; pinyin: Āshǐnà; Wade–Giles: A-shih-na; Middle Chinese: (Guangyun) [ʔɑʃi̯ə˥nɑ˩]) were a Turkic tribe and the ruling dynasty of the Göktürks. They rose to prominence in the mid-6th century when the leader, Bumin Qaghan (died 552), revolted against the Rouran Khaganate. The two main branches of the family, one descended from Bumin and the other from his brother Istämi, ruled over the eastern and western parts of the Göktürk confederation, respectively, forming the First Turkic Khaganate (552–603).
Willem de Vlamingh
Willem Hesselsz de Vlamingh (baptized 28 November 1640 – after 7 August 1702) was a Dutch sea captain who explored the central west coast of New Holland (Australia) in the late 17th century, where he landed in what is now Perth on the Swan River. The purpose of the mission was to look for survivors of the Ridderschap van Holland: this effort proved fruitless, but de Vlamingh charted parts of the continent's western coast.

Nicolaes Witsen
Nicolaes Witsen (Dutch: Nicolaas Witsen; 8 May 1641 – 10 August 1717) was a Dutch statesman who was mayor of Amsterdam thirteen times, between 1682 and 1706. In 1693, he became administrator of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In 1689, he was extraordinary-ambassador to the English court and became Fellow of the Royal Society. In his free time, he was a cartographer, maritime writer, and an authority on shipbuilding. His books on the subject are important sources on Dutch shipbuilding in the 17th century. Furthermore, he was an expert on Russian affairs. He was the first to describe Siberia, the Far East and Central Asia in his study Noord en Oost Tartarye [North and East Tartary].
Dinavar District
Dinavar District (Persian: بخش دینور) is in Sahneh County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Miyan Rahan. The district's name reflects the ancient city of Dinavar, the ruins of which are in the district.

Miyan Rahan, Kermanshah
Miyan Rahan (Persian: ميان راهان) is a city in, and the capital of, Dinavar District of Sahneh County, Kermanshah province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Dinavar Rural District.
Inland Township, Michigan
Inland Township is a civil township of Benzie County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,386 at the 2020 census. The township is located in the east of the county, and shares a border with Grand Traverse County. The Platte River flows through the north of the township.

Benzie County, Michigan
Benzie County (/ˈbɛnziː/ BEN-zee) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,970.  The county seat is Beulah. The county was initially set off in 1863 and organized in 1869. At 321 square miles (830 km2), Benzie County is the smallest of the 83 counties in Michigan in terms of land area.

Benzie County is part of the Traverse City metropolitan area. Part of the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore is located within the county. It is also home to Crystal Mountain, one of Michigan's top-rated ski resorts.
Barawa
Barawa (Somali: بَراوِّ Barāwe, Maay: Barawy, Swahili: بَرَأَاوٖ Baraawe, Arabic: ﺑﺮﺍﻭة Barāwa, Italian: Brava), also known as Barawe and Brava, is the capital of the South West State of Somalia. It functions as a port town in the southwestern Lower Shebelle region of Somalia. Facing the Indian Ocean, Barawa serves as the main port of South West State.

Ahmed Yusuf Mahamud
Ahmed Yusuf Mahamud (Somali: Axmed Yuusuf Maxamuud, Arabic: أحمد يوسف محمود) was a Somali Sultan of the Geledi sultanate, reigning from 1848 to 1878 and succeeded his father Yusuf Mahamud after his demise at the battle of Adaddey Suleyman. Ahmed was crowned as the fourth Sultan, and his rule marked a period of great prosperity in the Sultanate. The Sultan is credited as having brought over 20,000 Somali troops to free the slaves of Zanzibar.
SHB Da Nang
SHB Đà Nẵng Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ bóng đá SHB Đà Nẵng), simply known as SHB Đà Nẵng, is a Vietnamese professional football club based in Da Nang that plays in V.League 1, the top tier in Vietnamese football.

The club was formerly known as Quang Nam-Da Nang (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ Bóng đá Quảng Nam-Đà Nẵng) and won a Vietnamese National League title in 1992. In the 2007–08 season, the club was purchased by the Saigon-Hanoi Commercial Joint Stock Bank (SHB), the club name was changed to SHB Da Nang. The club won its first title in 2009, emerging as 2009 V-League champions and qualifying for the 2010 AFC Champions League. In the same year, they were also champions of the Vietnamese Cup. Adding to these victories, Danang's U-21 team also became champions in 2009 youth championships. The club were champions of the 2012 V-League season.

They currently play their home matches at Chi Lăng Stadium, a dedicated 20,500 capacity football-specific stadium that opened in 2016.

Lê Huỳnh Đức
Lê Huỳnh Đức (born 20 April 1972) is a Vietnamese football manager and former player who is currently the head coach of V.League 1 club Công An Hồ Chí Minh City. Huỳnh Đức is a former member of the Vietnam national football team, with whom he earned 60 caps (a national record), as well as being its top scorer. He became the first Vietnamese footballer to be signed to a club outside of Vietnam when he signed on for a year's stint with Chongqing Lifan. In 2009, he became both the youngest coach to win the V-League's "Best Coach of the Month" award, and the first coach to win the award in three consecutive months. His coaching style is best known for its toughness and discipline, which is credited with helping SHB Đà Nẵng emerge as champions in the 2009 V-League season.
Taqsis
Taqsis (Arabic: تقسيس), also known as Zawr al-Ziyarah (Arabic: زور الزيارة), is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located 25 kilometers (16 mi) southeast of Hama. Nearby localities include al-Jinan to the north, al-Buraq to the northwest, Tell Qartal to the west, Ghor al-Assi to the southwest, Izz al-Din to the southeast and Taldarah to the east. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Taqsis had a population of 3,343 in the 2004 census.

Al-Buraq, Syria
Al-Buraq (Arabic: البراق, also spelled Burak or Braq) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located southeast of Hama. Nearby localities include Ayyubiyah and Nisrin to the west, Maarin al-Jabal to the northwest, Surayhin to the north, al-Jinan to the northeast, Taqsis to the southeast and Tell Qartal to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, al-Buraq had a population of 3,235 in the 2004 census.

In 1838 al-Buraq was classified as khirba ("ruined village.") During the ongoing Syrian civil war, in early February 2013, a reported bombing at a bus stop in the village killed 54 people, all civilians who worked at a nearby military non-lethal supplies factory. No group claimed responsibility for the attack.
Joyig script
The Joyig script or Jyoyig (མགྱོགས་ཡིག་) is an abugida writing system used in Bhutan to write Dzongkha. It is considered halfway between the Üchen (དབུ་ཅན་) and Chugyig (ཁྱུག་ཡིག་) scripts. Known also as Lhoyig or Drukyig, it is believed to have been drafted by the translator Denma Tsemang in the 8th century. Because it is like an Uchen written speedily, it got its name Joyig or "fast script".

Dzongkha
Dzongkha (རྫོང་ཁ་ [d͡zòŋkʰɑ́]), also known by its exonym Bhutanese, is a Tibeto-Burman language in the Sino-Tibetan language family that is primarily spoken by the Bhutanese people. It is the official and national language of Bhutan, and is written using the Tibetan script.

The word dzongkha means "the language of the fortress", from dzong "fortress" and kha "language". As of 2013, Dzongkha had 171,080 native speakers and about 640,000 total speakers.

Dzongkha is a South Tibetic language. It is closely related to Laya and Lunana and partially intelligible with Sikkimese, and to some other Bhutanese languages such as Chocha Ngacha, Brokpa, Brokkat and Lakha. It has a more distant relationship to Standard Tibetan.
2024 Rugby League Pacific Championships
The 2024 Rugby League Pacific Championships were the third edition of the Rugby League Pacific Championships and the second under their current name (having previously been called the Oceania Cup in 2019). The championships consist of several international rugby league tournaments being played from October to November 2024 between nations of the Pacific region.

The competition format were confirmed as Pacific Cup and Pacific Bowl competitions for both genders, with teams being divided in each case between higher-ranked and lower-ranked sides.

The Asia-Pacific qualification tournament for the 2026 Women's Rugby League World Cup were integrated into the 2024 Pacific Championships as the Women's Pacific Bowl competition.

Rugby League Pacific Championships
The Rugby League Pacific Championship is a rugby league tournament for national teams based in the Oceania region. Its inaugural tournament was in 2019 as the "Oceania Cup".

The tournament replaced the Anzac Test Series (1997–2017), which solely featured Australia and New Zealand as a single match annual test. Before the Pacific Championships, regular regional competition between the other Oceanian countries was sporadic since the cessation of the Pacific Cup (1974–2009) which served as a development competition for the Pacific Islands.
Shining Tears X Wind
Shining Tears X Wind (シャイニング·ティアーズ·クロス·ウィンド, Shainingu Tiāzu Kurosu Windo) is a Japanese anime based on the PlayStation 2 games Shining Tears and Shining Wind. Shining Tears X Wind presents an adapted version of Shining Wind's story, seen from the perspective of the character Souma. It is directed by Hiroshi Watanabe and produced by Studio Deen. The series started airing in Japan on April 6, 2007 and finished airing on June 29, 2007. The anime has the same opening and ending themes as the game Shining Tears. A sequel to this is a mobile game entitled Shining Wind X, which was released in January 2008.

Shining Wind
Shining Wind (シャイニング・ウィンド, Shainingu Windo) is an action role-playing game developed by Nextech and published by Sega for the PlayStation 2, and the 19th game in the Shining video game series. It was released on May 17, 2007 in Japan. The game is the sequel to Shining Tears. The main characters from Shining Tears appear in Shining Wind as well. An anime adaptation of the two games, called Shining Tears X Wind, began airing in early April 2007. Like Shining Tears, the game is illustrated by artist Tony Taka.
Karmakshy District
Karmakshy (Kazakh: Қармақшы ауданы, Qarmaqşy audany, قارماقشى اۋدانى) is a district of Kyzylorda Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the urban-type settlement of Zhosaly. Population: 52,699 (2013 estimate); 50,106 (2009 census results); 45,355 (1999 census results).

It is a closed area and for travelers, a special permission is required to visit the town.

Kyzylorda Region
Qyzylorda Region, formerly known as Kyzyl-Orda Region until 1991, is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is the city of Qyzylorda, with a population of 234,736. The region itself has a population of 823,251. Other notable settlements include Aral, Kazaly (Kazalinsk) and the Russian-administered Baikonur, which services the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The total area of the province is 226,000 square kilometers (87,000 sq mi).
Folon Region
Folon Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of two regions in Denguélé District. The seat of the region is Minignan and the region's population in the 2021 census was 146,209, making it the least-populous region of the country.

Folon is currently divided into two departments: Kaniasso and Minignan.

Denguélé District
Denguélé District (French: district du Denguélé, [distʁikt dy dɛnɡele]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the northwest corner of the country. The capital of the district is Odienné.
Vulcanodontidae
The Early Jurassic sauropod dinosaurs Zizhongosaurus, Barapasaurus, Tazoudasaurus, and Vulcanodon may form a natural group of basal sauropods called the Vulcanodontidae. Basal vulcanodonts include some of the earliest known examples of sauropods. The family-level name Vulcanodontidae was erected by M.R. Cooper in 1984. In 1995 Hunt et al. published the opinion that the family is synonymous with the Barapasauridae. One of the key morphological features specific to the family is an unusually narrow sacrum.

Zizhongosaurus
Zizhongosaurus (meaning "Zizhong lizard") is a genus of basal herbivorous sauropod dinosaur which lived in the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) Period of China. It was a large-bodied herbivore characterized by a long neck.
Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.

Legislature of British Columbia
The Legislature of British Columbia is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada), and the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (which meets at the British Columbia Parliament Buildings). The Legislature of British Columbia has existed since the province joined Canada in 1871, before which it was preceded by the Legislature of the United Colony of British Columbia.

Like the Canadian federal government, British Columbia uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are sent to the Legislative Assembly after general elections and from there the party with the most seats chooses a premier of British Columbia and the Executive Council of British Columbia. The premier is British Columbia's head of government, while the King of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor. Before 1903, candidates in British Columbia elections were not affiliated with political parties.
Kush (Ras Al Khaimah)
Kush is a former settlement in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, a precursor settlement to the important Islamic era port town of Julfar. It stands, alongside Tell Abraq, as one of the largest archaeological tells in the Emirates.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
Coleto Creek Reservoir
Coleto Creek Reservoir is a reservoir on Coleto Creek and Perdido Creek located in Fannin, Texas, 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Victoria, Texas.  The surface of the lake extends into Victoria and Goliad counties.  The reservoir was formed in 1980 by the construction of a dam by the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority to provide a power station cooling pond for electric power generation.  Coleto Creek Reservoir is a venue for outdoor recreation, including fishing and boating.

Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority
The Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority or GBRA was formed in 1933 by the Texas legislature. Its main concerns are water supply and water conservation in the Guadalupe River Basin, which includes the Blanco, Comal, and San Marcos rivers. The authority extends over ten counties. The general offices of the authority are located at 933 East Court Street in Seguin.
WAGR M class
The WAGR M class was a class of 2-6-0+0-6-2 Garratt-type articulated steam locomotives operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) between 1912 and 1955. A total of 13 were built by Beyer, Peacock & Co, Manchester in two batches.

Beyer, Peacock and Company
Beyer, Peacock and Company was an English general engineering company and railway locomotive manufacturer with a factory in Openshaw, Manchester. Charles Beyer, Richard Peacock and Henry Robertson founded the company in 1854. The company closed its railway operations in the early 1960s. It retained its stock market listing until 1976, when it was bought and absorbed by National Chemical Industries of Saudi Arabia.
Kingdom of Gyaman
Gyaman (also spelled Gyaaman or Jamang, and later known as Jaman) was a precolonial Akan kingdom that was located  in parts of present-day Ghana and Ivory Coast. It was established by the Aduana clan from Dormaa. Gyaman evolved by extending its authority across the Banda, Jaman North, Jaman South, and Bonduku regions. It is closely associated in oral tradition with the origin of Adinkra symbols, which are now central to Akan philosophy and visual culture. The kingdom was  a cultural and political crossroads between the Akan, Gur, and Mande-speaking regions, facilitating trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange across the forest–savannah frontier. Its history was shaped by conflict with the Asante Empire and the eventual partition of its territory between the British Gold Coast and French West Africa in the late 19th century.

Adinkra symbols
Adinkra are symbols from the Akan people of Ghana that represent concepts or aphorisms. Adinkra are used extensively in fabrics, logos and pottery. They are incorporated into walls and other architectural features. Adinkra symbols appear on some traditional Akan goldweights. The symbols are also carved on stools for domestic and ritual use. Tourism has led to new departures in the use of the symbols on items such as T-shirts and jewellery.

Adinka symbols have a decorative function but also represent objects that encapsulate evocative messages conveying traditional wisdom, aspects of life, or the environment. There are many symbols with distinct meanings, often linked with proverbs. In the words of philosopher and writer Kwame Anthony Appiah, they were one of the means for "supporting the transmission of a complex and nuanced body of practice and belief".
Traditional Vietnamese musical instruments
Traditional Vietnamese musical instruments are the musical instruments used in the traditional and classical musics of Vietnam. They comprise a wide range of string, wind, and percussion instruments, used by both the Viet (Kinh) majority as well as the nation's ethnic minorities.

Bianqing
The bianqing (/biːɛnˈtʃɪŋ/; Chinese: 编磬; pinyin: biānqìng; Mandarin pronunciation: [[bi̯ɛn˥ t͡ɕʰiŋ˥˩]]) is a traditional  Chinese percussion instrument consisting of a set of L-shaped flat stone chimes known as qing, played melodically. The chimes were hung in a wooden frame and struck with a mallet. Along with the bronze bells called bianzhong, they were an important instrument in China's ritual and court music going back to ancient times.

The instrument was imported to Vietnam (where it is called biên khánh), and Korea (where it is called pyeongyeong). In the 11th year of King Yejong of Goryeo (1116), it was imported from the Song Dynasty. It is still used in Korean court and ritual music.
Plainview High School (Texas)
Plainview High School is a public high school located in the city of Plainview, Texas, USA and classified as a 5A school by the UIL.  It is a part of the Plainview Independent School District located in northeast Hale County.   In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Plainview, Texas
Plainview is a city in and the county seat of Hale County, Texas, United States.  The population was 20,187 at the 2020 census.  The town is home to Wayland Baptist University. The Downtown Plainview Commercial Historic District is a business center for the high plains regions, with cafes and parks.