hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leonora railway line
The Kalgoorlie to Leonora railway line or Leonora branch line is a railway line in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, connecting Kalgoorlie via Malcolm to Leonora. The line is 259 kilometres (161 mi) long and formerly also had a 103-kilometre (64 mi) branch line from Malcolm to Laverton. At Kalgoorlie, the railway line connects to the Eastern Goldfields Railway, where it also connects to the Esperance branch railway.

Eastern Goldfields Railway
The Eastern Goldfields Railway, was built in the 1890s by the Western Australian Government Railways to connect Perth with the Eastern Goldfields at Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie.

It is a part of the interstate standard gauge railway between Perth and the rest of Australia.

Originally, at construction, the railway line was referred to as the Yilgarn Railway, named after the Yilgarn Godlfields, but this was changed to Eastern Goldfields Railway around 1899 or 1900. It had also been referred to as the Fremantle–Kalgoorlie Railway. 
Operationally in the WAGR era, the line was considered to be between Northam and Kalgoorlie, despite historical material extending the name to Perth.

Operator Arc has Merredin as the location of the start of the EGR in their network operations.
Marek Lachs
Marek Lachs (1878 – 1943) was a Polish lawyer and political activist of Jewish origin, head of the local Zionist organization, a member of the Zionist Party Council in Lviv, and a deputy of the Kolomyia City Council.

Kolomyia
Kolomyia (Ukrainian: Коломия, IPA: [koloˈmɪjɐ] ⓘ; Polish: Kołomyja), formerly known as Kolomea, is a city located on the Prut River in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast in the west of Ukraine. It serves as the administrative centre of Kolomyia Raion, hosting the administration of Kolomyia urban hromada. The population is 60,821 (2022 estimate).

The city rests approximately halfway between Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi, in the centre of the historical region of Pokuttia, with which it shares much of its history. Kolomyia is a notable railroad hub, as well as an industrial centre (textiles, shoes, metallurgical plant, machine works, wood and paper industry). It is a centre of Hutsul culture. Until 1925 the town was the most populous town in the region. Before the Holocaust about half the town’s population was Jewish.
Hugh of Crécy
Hugh of Crécy (died 31 July 1147), son of Guy II the Red of Rochefort and his wife Adelais de Crécy.  Seigneur de Gournay.  Seneschal of France under Robert the Pious, 1106-1107.  Very little is known about Hugh other than he assassinated his cousin Milo II of Montlhéry.

Hugh helped his father in his rebellion against Louis VI and was forced to flee.  Hugh had captured Eudes, Count of Corbell, and Louis besieged the fortress at  La Ferté-Alais to free him. Hugh joined with Lancelin, son-in-law to Hugh I, Count of Dammartin, and Theobald II, Count of Champagne, to fight Louis. His sister Lucienne was briefly married to Louis before he became king.

Hugh married a daughter, name unknown, of Amaury III of Montfort and Richilde de Hainaut (daughter of Baudouin II, Count of Hainaut).  They had at least two children:

William I of Bures, Prince of Galilee

Geoffrey of Burres.

Hugh became a monk at the Cluny Abbey where he died.

Guy II the Red of Rochefort
Guy II the Red de Montlhéry (died 1108), son of Guy I, Seigneur de Montlhéry, and Hodierne de Gometz-la-Ferté. He held the titles of Count of Rochefort-en-Yvelines and  Châtelain of Châteaufort and of Gometz, and was Seneschal of France under Philip I the Amorous (1104–1106).

Guy joined with the Lombard contingent in the minor Crusade of 1101, later joining the army of Stephen of Blois.  He apparently rebelled against Louis VI, King of France (once his son-in-law), when he was killed.
Vetaforma
Vetaforma is a genus of liverworts found only in Argentina and Chile, and contains a single species Vetaforma dusenii.  It is classified in the order Jungermanniales. It was placed as the only member of the family Vetaformaceae within that order, but this family has been merged into the family Lepicoleaceae based on morphological and genetic data. The genus name was originally published in 1960, but this publication was invalid under Article 36.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants . The single species was first described in 1900 as Lepidozia dusenii and transferred to Vetaforma in 1962.

Lepicoleaceae
Lepicoleaceae is a family of liverworts belonging to the order Jungermanniales.

Natural compounds, lignans, have been found in liverworts in the Lepicoleaceae family.

Genera:

Lepicolea Dumort.

Vetaforma Fulford & J.Taylor
Yasumaro Kiguchi
Vice Admiral Yasumaro Kiguchi (溪口泰麿, Yamaro Taniguchi; 10 March 1904 – 3 November 1992) was a Japanese naval officer who served as an officer of the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1920 to 1945 and became a Vice Admiral of the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF), serving from 1954 to 1960. He was the second commander of the Self Defense Fleet succeeding Hidemi Yoshida. In 1956, he was succeeded by Mitsugu Ihara.

Mitsugu Ihara
Vice Admiral Mitsugu Ihara (庵原貢, Iohara Mitsugu; 3 October 1903 – 31 March 1979) was a Japanese naval officer who served in both the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1920 to 1945 and the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) from 1954 to 1960. He was the third Chief of Staff of the JMSDF succeeding Yasumaro Kiguchi. In 1961, he was succeeded by Nobuo Fukuchi.
Men's FIH Hockey World League
The Men's FIH Hockey World League was an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation. The league also served as a qualifier for the 2014 and 2018 Men's Hockey World Cups and the 2016 Olympic Games. Three seasons were held in 2012–13, 2014–15 and 2016-17. It was replaced by the new Men's FIH Pro League and Hockey Series in 2018–19.

2014–15 Men's FIH Hockey World League
The 2014–15 Men's FIH Hockey World League was the second season of the men's field hockey national team league series. The tournament started in July 2014 in Sveti Ivan Zelina, Croatia and finished in December 2015 in Raipur, India.

The Semifinals of this competition also served as a qualifier for the 2016 Summer Olympics as the 6 highest placed teams apart from the host nation and the five continental champions qualified.

Australia won the tournament's Final round for the first time after defeating Belgium 2–1 in the final match. India won the third place match by defeating the Netherlands 3–2 on a penalty shootout after a 5–5 draw in regular time.
Sepehr (radar)
Sepehr (Persian: سپهر, meaning "sky") is an over-the-horizon radar (OTH) developed by Iran.
Little is known of the project, except it has a reported range of 3,000 km. It was originally scheduled to enter operational status in 2013. In August 2013, Iran announced completion of a first phase of the project with a range of only 300–700 km. In 2014 Iran announced it wished to establish a space-based radar system. It was expected to be finalised by the end of 2014. It is currently operational.

Over-the-horizon radar
Over-the-horizon radar (OTH), sometimes called beyond the horizon radar (BTH), is a type of radar system with the ability to detect targets at very long ranges, typically hundreds to thousands of kilometres, beyond the radar horizon, which is the distance limit for ordinary radar. Several OTH radar systems were deployed starting in the 1950s and 1960s as part of early-warning radar systems, but airborne early warning systems have generally replaced these. OTH radars have recently been making a comeback, as the need for accurate long-range tracking has become less important since the ending of the Cold War, and less-expensive ground-based radars are once again being considered for roles such as maritime reconnaissance and drug enforcement.
Hegesandra
In Greek mythology, Hegesandra (Ancient Greek: Ή γησάνδρας) or Hegesandre (Ήγησάνδρην) was a Spartan princess as the daughter of King Amyclas. Hegesandra married Argeius, son of King Pelops of Pisa. The couple had three sons: Melanion, Alector and Boethoos.

Boethous
In Greek mythology, Boethous (Ancient Greek: βοηθόος, romanized: Boethoos) or Boethos (βοηθὸς, βοηθός or βόηθος) was the Lacedaemonian son of the Pelopid Argeios from Pisa and princess Hegesandra, daughter of King Amyclas of Sparta.
Robert Coker
Robert Coker (c. 1617 – 23 September 1698) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  at various times between 1656 and 1660.

Coker was the son of William Coker, of Mappowder, Dorset. He matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 23 October  1635, aged 18 and studied law at the Middle Temple in 1637.

He was a Justice of the Peace for Dorset by 1646 until July 1688 and from November 1688 until his death. He was appointed High Sheriff of Dorset for 1646–47. In 1656, Coker was elected Member of Parliament for Dorset in the Second Protectorate Parliament. In 1660, he was re-elected MP for Dorset in the Convention Parliament.

Coker died at the age of 80 and was buried at Mappowder. He had married twice: firstly Joan, the daughter of John Browne of Frampton, with whom he had a daughter and secondly Mary, the daughter of Edward Hooper of Boveridge and widow of John Brune of Athelhampton, with whom he had 5 sons and a daughter.

High Sheriff of Dorset
The High Sheriff of Dorset is an ancient high sheriff title which has been in existence for over one thousand years. Until 1567 the Sheriff of Somerset was also the Sheriff of Dorset.

On 1 April 1974, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, the title of Sheriff of Dorset was retitled High Sheriff of Dorset.

The position was once a powerful position responsible for collecting taxes and enforcing law and order in Dorset. In modern times the high sheriff has become a ceremonial role, presiding over public ceremonies.
Wally Mawdsley
Walter Mawdsley (30 November 1926 – 12 February 2009) was a motorcycle speedway rider, manager and promoter from England. He was the team manager of the England national speedway team from to 1983 to 1984.

Plymouth Gladiators
The Plymouth Gladiators are a speedway team in the British SGB Championship. The team competed during various seasons from 1932 to 1969, before re-forming after a gap of thirty-six years in 2006. In 2021, the club successfully applied to join the British second division, the SGB Championship. The team nicknames have included Tigers, Panthers, Devils and Bulldogs.
Katie Walsh (jockey)
Katie Walsh (born 18 December 1984) is a retired Irish jockey who, in 2012, came third in that year's Grand National on Seabass, giving her the highest finish at that date for a female competitor, before Rachael Blackmore won the 2021 Grand National . Walsh is the daughter of amateur jump jockey, trainer and television pundit, Ted Walsh and the sister of top class jump jockey, Ruby Walsh. She rode three winners at the Cheltenham Festival.

On 6 April 2015, Walsh became the third woman to win the Irish Grand National riding Thunder And Roses.

Ruby Walsh
Rupert "Ruby" Walsh (born 14 May 1979) is an Irish former jockey. He is the second child, and eldest son, of former champion amateur jockey Ted Walsh and his wife Helen. Widely regarded as one of the greatest National Hunt jockeys of all time, Walsh is the third most prolific winner in British and Irish jump racing history behind only Sir Anthony McCoy and Richard Johnson.
Thurso East
Thurso East (alternatively, the North Shore) is a coastline section of the Atlantic 0.5 miles (0.80 km) east of Thurso, Caithness, northern Scotland. It is situated at the mouth of the River Thurso, overlooked by the remains of Thurso Castle. The reef is made of layers of Caithness flagstone (the same stone that paves the Strand and much of Paris). It is Scotland's prime surfing venue on the north coast.

Thurso Castle
is a ruined 19th-century castle, located in Thurso, Caithness, in the Scottish Highlands. Situated in Thurso East,east of the River Thurso, the site can be seen from across the river. The current castle ruins date to 1872; A large part was demolished in 1952, although there has been a fortress here since the 12th century. Part of the castle is still habitable and remains a home of the Viscounts Thurso.
Motuarohia Island
Motuarohia Island (Roberton Island) is a small island in the Bay of Islands of New Zealand, located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of Russell.
The island stretches for 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east-west, with the south coast offering two bays backed by sandy beaches.  The north coast is dominated by steep cliffs in the west, rising to 78 metres (256 ft), and two shallow lagoons in the west.  The twin lagoons nearly reach across the island to the bay on the south coast, almost bisecting the island.

The majority of the island is in private ownership, and there is 19.4 hectares (48 acres) of public conservation land in the central section of the island managed by the Department of Conservation.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "reconnoitred island" for Motuarohia.

Bay of Islands
The Bay of Islands (Māori: Te Pēwhairangi) is an area on the east coast of the Far North District of the North Island of New Zealand. It is one of the most popular fishing, sailing and tourist destinations in the country, and has been renowned internationally for its big-game fishing since American author Zane Grey publicised it in the 1930s. It is 60 km (37 mi) north-west of the city of Whangārei. Cape Reinga, at the northern tip of the country, is about 210 km (130 mi) by road further to the north-west.
AD Alcorcón
Agrupación Deportiva Alcorcón S.A.D. is a Spanish football team based in Alcorcón, in the autonomous community of Madrid. Founded in 1971, it currently plays in Primera Federación, holding home matches at the Municipal de Santo Domingo, with a 5,100-seat capacity.

Estadio Municipal de Santo Domingo
The Estadio Municipal de Santo Domingo is a football stadium located in Alcorcón, Community of Madrid, Spain. It is currently the home ground of AD Alcorcón. Owned and operated by the municipality, its first match dates from 19 May 1999, with the celebration of a friendly fixture with Real Madrid.
Graham County, Arizona
Graham County is a county in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,533, making it the third-least populous county in Arizona. The county seat is Safford.

Graham County composes the Safford, Arizona Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The county is home to several organizations including Eastern Arizona College and the Mount Graham International Observatory, which includes one of the world's largest and most powerful telescopes. Graham County is also home to the Arizona Salsa Trail and the annual Salsa Fest.

Graham County contains part of the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation.

Safford micropolitan area, Arizona
The Safford Micropolitan Statistical Area (Safford μSA), as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is a micropolitan statistical area (μSA) consisting of one county in eastern Arizona, anchored by the city of Safford.

As of 2010, the United States Census Bureau estimates that the μSA had a population of 37,220.

Before 2013, Safford micropolitan statistical area also contained Greenlee County, Arizona. In 2013, the United States Office of Management and Budget removed Greenlee county from the micropolitan area's definition.
Speed climbing wall
A speed climbing wall is an artificial standardised climbing wall and is the main apparatus used for competitive speed climbing.

For such competitions – including those in the Olympics 2020 – the speed climbing wall has been normed by the IFSC in a way that records are comparable. The norm defines height, angle and surface of the wall, shape and size of the hand and footholds as well as their position and orientation on the wall. For world records, the wall has to be produced by a licensed manufacturer as well as inspected and approved by the IFSC. For safety, it has to comply with European Norm EN 12572–1.

Speed climbing
Speed climbing is a climbing discipline in which speed is the ultimate goal. Speed climbing is done on rocks, walls and poles and is only recommended for highly skilled and experienced climbers.

Competition speed climbing, which takes place on an artificial and standardized climbing wall, is the main form of speed climbing. However, there are types of speed climbing that take place outdoors, such as climbing famous big wall climbing routes in the shortest times, notable examples being on El Capitan in Yosemite National Park.
Tya, Trøndelag
Tya is a river located in Tydal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 16.3-kilometre (10.1 mi) long river flows from the lake Stuggusjøen near the village of Stugudalen and flows north through the Tydalen valley to the village of Ås where it joins the Nea River. It is part of the Nea-Nidelvvassdraget river system. The river has a watershed of about 287 square kilometres (111 sq mi).  The river flows at an average rate of 8.64 cubic metres per second (305 cu ft/s).

Tydal Municipality
Tydal is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the Neadalen/Tydalen valley. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ås. Other villages include Østby, Græsli, Aungrenda, and Stugudalen. There is a school and a kindergarten in Tydal.

The 1,329-square-kilometre (513 sq mi) municipality is the 75th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Tydal Municipality is the 346th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 773. The municipality's population density is 0.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 10.5% over the previous 10-year period.

The inhabitants of Tydal earn a living in the areas of farming, forestry, energy production, and tourism. During Easter, the number of people in Tydal Municipality increases by up to 5,000 people. Many people from Trondheim celebrate their holidays in the 1,400 cabins located throughout the municipality.
Roscoea
Roscoea is a genus of perennial plants of the family Zingiberaceae (the ginger family). While most members of the ginger family are tropical,  Roscoea species are native to cooler mountainous regions of the Himalayas, China and its southern neighbours. Roscoea flowers superficially resemble orchids, although they are not related. The flowers of Roscoea have a complicated structure, in which some of the showy coloured parts are not formed by petals, but by staminodes, sterile stamens which have evolved to resemble petals. Some species are grown as ornamental plants in gardens.

Elizabeth Jill Cowley
Elizabeth Jill Cowley (born 1940) is a British botanist, who has worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Her interests have included the tropical flora of East Africa and the genus Roscoea.

After working at a nursery at Tadworth, Surrey, she took a horticultural course at Merrist Wood Farm Institute (1958), then worked at Elm Garden Nurseries, Claygate for eight years. She then worked in Geneva, Switzerland, and Millers of Send, near Guildford. She started working at Kew Gardens in 1968 in the Temperate House, Himalaya section. In 1972 she moved to work in the Herbarium, working on petaloid monocots, retiring in 2000. She took part in collecting trips to Korea, Turkey and China. She remained an Honorary Research Associate.

Born Elizabeth Jill Bedwell, she married Richard Cowley, a Kew student, in 1970.
Wanuni
Wanuni (Aymara wanu dung, fertilizer, -ni a suffix, "the one with dung", also spelled Huanuni) is a 4,148-metre-high (13,609 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the La Paz Department, Loayza Province, Cairoma Municipality, northwest of Cairoma. Wanuni lies southwest of Llallawa, northwest of Wayra Willk'i and southeast of Liqiliqini.

Liqiliqini (La Paz)
Liqiliqini (Aymara liqiliqi, liqi liqi Southern lapwing or Andean lapwing,-ni a suffix to indicate ownership, "the one with the Southern lapwing (or Andean lapwing)", also spelled Leke Lekeni, Lekelekeni)  is a 3,928-metre-high (12,887 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the La Paz Department, Loayza Province, Cairoma Municipality, southwest of the village of Wila Pampa. Liqiliqini lies northwest of Wayra Willk'i, Wanuni and Uyuyuni.
49th Indian Infantry Brigade
The 49th Indian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the Indian Army during World War II. It was formed in October 1941 at Bolarum in India. It was assigned to the 19th Indian Infantry Division. The brigade fought in the Burma Campaign and moved between a number of infantry divisions. It was with the 14th Indian Infantry Division between March and May in 1942, the 23rd Indian Infantry Division between May 1942 and March 1944, the 17th Indian Infantry Division between March and April 1944 and the served with the 23rd Indian Division until the end of the war. The Brigade is currently a reserve formation on the Western Front.

23rd Infantry Division (India)
The 23rd Infantry Division is an infantry division of the Indian Army. It was raised as a part of the Indian Army during World War II. It fought in the Burma Campaign and the Battle of Surabaya during the Indonesian National Revolution.
Safari Ravenna
Safari Ravenna is a safari park and zoo in Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, created in 2012 near the amusement park of Mirabilandia; extending over an area of 340.000 square metres. There is a large area for large mammals and birds to be seen only by car or train, and a smaller traditional zoo with the Reptile section, Primates, Australian section and domestic animals.

44°19′37″N 12°16′30″E﻿ / ﻿44.327°N 12.275°E﻿ / 44.327; 12.275

Safari park
A safari park, sometimes known as a wildlife park, is a zoo-like commercial drive-in tourist attraction where visitors can drive their own vehicles or ride in vehicles provided by the facility to observe freely roaming animals.

A safari park is larger than a zoo and smaller than a game reserve. For example, African Lion Safari in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada is 750 acres (3.0 km2). For comparison, Lake Nakuru in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya, is 168 square kilometres (65 sq mi), and a typical large game reserve is Tsavo East, also in Kenya, which encompasses 11,747 square kilometres (4,536 sq mi).

Many parks have conservation programmes with endangered animals like: elephants, white rhinos, giraffes, lions, tigers, cheetahs and wild dogs.
Chugye University for the Arts
Chugye University for the Arts (Korean: 추계예술대학교) is a South Korean institute of higher education in the music and fine arts. The campus is in Seodaemun District in central Seoul, the country's capital.

Seodaemun District
Seodaemun District (Korean: 서대문구; RR: Seodaemun-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. It has a population of 313,814 (2010) and has a geographic area of 17.61 km2 (6.8 sq mi), and is divided into 14 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Seodaemun is located in northwestern Seoul, bordering the city districts of Eunpyeong to the northwest, Mapo to the southwest, Jung to the southeast, and Jongno to the east.

Seodaemun is part of the Seongjeosimni (Outer old Seoul) area and is named after Donuimun, one of the Eight Gates of Seoul which was formerly located within the district. Seodaemun is home to Seodaemun Independence Park, which contains several historic monuments and buildings such as the Seodaemun Prison museum and the Independence Gate.